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LONDON  :    J.    B.    NICHOLS    AND    SON,    PRINTERS,    25,    PAMLIAMKNT-STREBT. 


PREFACE. 


We  are  again  called  on  by  the  recurring  season  to  thank  our 
readers  for  their  continued  support,  and  our  contributors  and 
correspondents  for  their  valuable  and  obliging  assistance.  Since 
we  last  had  occasion  to  address  tbemj  notliing  of  remarkable  im- 
portance in  literature  claims  a  particular  notice ;  but  the  current 
has  still  flowed  onward  in  its  useful  though  silent  course ;  and 
though  some  of  the  deposits  which  it  has  left,  separately  con- 
sidered, may  he  thought  trifling,  yet  a  wise  man  will  think  nothing 
a  trifle  which  makes  an  addition  to  our  previous  stock  of  know- 
ledge.  The  great  pyramid  itself  was  built  of  single  and  separate 
stones^  laboriously  collected,  and  accurately  combined  ;  and  he 
who  aspires  to  raise  a  work  of  literary  renown,  must  be  content 
to  imitate  the  builder  of  antiquity.  If  the  naturalist  tells  us  that 
he  can,  from  the  smallest  tooth  or  even  nail  of  a  fossil  animal, 
tell  you  tlie  order  it  belonged  to,  its  size,  nature,  habits,  and  the 
period  in  which  it  lived,  so  that  its  entire  form  should  present 
itself  before  the  mental  eye,  so  the  antiquary  can  inform  us,  that 
the  recovery  of  a  single  letter  in  an  inscription  \viU  at  once  throw 
a  clear  eflTulgence  on  the  whole ;  so  httle  are  we  to  judge  of  the 
value  of  things  by  their  apparent  worth  as  seen  in  a  casual  and 
superficial  view  !  Doctor  Johnson  says  it  is  the  privilege  of  real 
greatness  not  to  be  afraid  of  diminution  by  stooping  to  the  notice 
of  little  things,  and  he  who  is  able  to  remove  the  smallest  obstacle 
in  the  path  of  literature  becomes  its  benefactor.  We  have  now 
only  to  add  that,  in  the  spirit  of  these  observations,  it  is  our  in- 
tention to  give  two  more  papers  to  the  subject  of  Shakespeare^  in 
which  our  attention  will  be  chiefly  employed  in  the  consideration 
of  particular  passages  in  the  text.  It  is  in  many  cases  a  humble 
office,  but  one  which  men  of  the  greatest  t^dents  have  not  been 
unwilling  to  undertake ;  we  shall  be  satisfied  if  we  can  add  any- 


IV 


PREFACE. 


thing  of  ours  to  what  has  been  already  gathered  in  the  collected 
field  of  labour^  and  more  so  if,  enjoying  the  fruits  of  our  honest 
industry,  we  shall  not  be  accused  of  the  wish  to  disparage  the 
labours  or  detract  from  the  reputation  which  others  have  acquired 
in  the  same  pursuit. 

S.  Urban. 


LIST  OF  EMBELLISHMENTS  TO  THE  VOLUME. 


*«*  Those  marked  *  are  printed  as  Vignettes. 

View  of  Oxoead  Hall,  Norfolk        .... 

*  Fountain  at  Oxnead  Hall,  and  Plan  of  the  Mansion  and  Gardens  . 

*  Eleyations  of  Chorches  with  unequal  and  equal  Chancels 
The  Church-house  and  Lich-Gate  at  Braj,  Berkshire 

*  Effigy  of  Lady  Latimer  in  Hackney  church,  Middlesex 

*  Ancient  Sepulchral  Stones  found  at  Hartlepool 
Holy-water  Stoup  in  All  Saints*  Church,  Hastings,  (see  p.  338)  ;  Western 

Turret  of  Bath  Abbey  Church  ;  and  the  Old  Font  of  Scraptoft,  oo.  Leic. 

*  Two  Roman  Altars  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  . 

*  View  of  St.  Leonard's  Hospital  at  Tickhill,  co.  York     . 

Youthful  Effigy  of  Edward  Courtenay  at  Haccombe,  co.  Deron,  (see  p.  496) 
Ornamented  Tiles  at  Great  Malvern,  co.  Worcester,  (two  Plata). 

*  Arms  of  Colonel  William  Carlos     .... 

Two  Caterpillar  Amulets  found  in  co.  Cork ;  a  Brooch  found  in  co.  Ros- 
common ;  and  a  Celt  found  in  co.  Tipperary 
Quarries  of  Glass  from  Wotton,  co.  Surrey,  inscribed  by  John  ETelyn 


Page 
SI 

21,  « 

31 

133 

163 

187 

246 
899 

373 
381 
492 
548 

582 

584 


INDEX   TO    POETRY. 


Calder,  To  the  58 
Castandra,  615 
David,  Song  of  Degrees  of  59 
Dover  at  Night  508 
Dream  of  lAfe  2B\ 
^mma.  On  617 
Farewell,  Cumpsiuioii  56 
Hector*  s  Abtehied  6 17 
Henrp  IL  167 
ImprovitOt  by  L.  Taylor  55 
Z>Off  and  Sorrow  506 
Muiie  of  the  (^  of  God  393 
Ode  to  Napoleon  167 
Our  Wedding  Da^  282 
Recolteetiont,  172 


Hydal  Chapel f  on  the  erection  of  284 

Songs,  506 

Sophoclee,  50d 

Strafford's  Committal  to  the  Tower,  392 

Sunriee,  507 

Taylor^  W,  Imitation  of  an  Italian  Son- 
net 360 

Thought  and  Deed  167 

^^a^^CAurcA  279 

yirgil,  from  the  Fuurth  Georgic  171 

Voices  rf  the  Dead  ZBZ 

Westminster  Play,  Prologue  and  Epi 
logue  to  69i  70 

ff%arf.  To  ihtbS 

Withers't  Salt  upon  Salt  «f  69 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

JANUARY,  1844. 
By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


CONTENTS. 

Minor  CoRiiESPONPSKCfi.-^Kuniismatic  Inquiries — Qupstion  to  A.  J,  K.  rc- 
st>ectiiig  Ncwcnden — Wills  and  loveutories  illiistrative  of  the  History,  &c 
of  Northern  Counties  of  England — What  will  deatroy  the  Bookworm  ?^ 
Error*  in  Domestic  lateUigeoce,  Obitunry;  aodiii  Mr,  Wodderspoon'i  Stif-  * 

folk  Churches , , ...< 2 

Ltfk  or  GsoFFRKY  Chavcer.     By  Sir  Hams  Nicolat— Poetical  WoRits  or 

GiconrREY  Chaucer.    By  T.  Tyrwhitt ".. 3 

Arms  uid  Name  of  De  Bcmay — Missal  in  the  poasession  of  E.  Roche,  Eiq.  ,  *       ^ 

OxiMRdHall,  Norfolk,  f^ith  a  Plate) 21 

Report  of  Legul  Proceedings  in  France  for  the  recovery  of  a  Shrine  improperly 

removed  from  a  Church S^ 

OlJSt.Paura 27 

Family  and  Pedigree  ofBarwick , •••••■       38 

Oil  the  Proportions  of  Chancels.  * «..«••••*       3© 

Pumily  of  Cheffontaines— Prototypes  of  the  Pil^m't  Progreas— Wyooe's  Bard 

of  Sleep — Virgil's  C&milk  »,,*.♦.,..,,..,.....,'•  • » * . . »       31 

Some  Particulars  respecting  the  Euglish  Ecclesiastical  Courts ^"* 

Chapter  contrihntcd  by  Dr.  Johnson  to  *'  The  Female  duixote*' '    ^ ^ 

REVIEW  OF  NEW^  PUBLICATIONS. 

Memorials  of  the  Great  Civil  War  in  England,  from  1646  to  1659,  49  t 
Sermons  by  Archdeacon  Manning,  52  ;  Selections  from  the  Writings  of  the 
late  Sidney  Taylor,  A.M.  54  ;  Last  Days  of  Francis  the  First,  56  ;  St. 

Patrick's  Purgatory,  57  ;  Miscellaneous  Reviews 59 

LITERARY    AND  SCIENTIFIC   INTELLIGENCE.— 

New  Publications,  63  ;  University  of  Cambridge — Dablio  Univcraity— Royal 
Society — The  Westminster  Play,  69  ;  Ethnological  Society — Institution  of 
Civil  Engineers — Royal  Institution  at  Liverpool — ^The  Charter  House,  71  ; 

Ancient  Mosic — Foreign  Literature   ,,,,,.*...,.,».. 7* 

FINE  ARTS.— The  School  of  Design,  7.1  j  Institute  of  the  Fine  Arts    74 

ARCHITECTURE.— Institute  of  British  Architects,  75;  Private  Chapel  at 

Windsor — Cambridge  Camden  Society,  7T  j  Oxford  Architectural  Society. .        7  9 
ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— Society  of  Antiqimries,  79;  The  China 

W^all 80 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE.— Foreign   News,   81;  Domestic  Occurrences      82 

Promotions  and  Preferments,  85 ;  Births  and  Marriages  « . » *  *       H6 

OBITUARY  ;  with  Memoirs  of  the  Ex-King  of  Holland  j  Hon.  E.  E.  ViUiers ; 
Gen.  Sir  John  Frazer  ;  Gen.  W^.  Brooke  ;  Major- Gen*  Sir  Joscpli  O'Hallo- 
rmn  ;  Lieut. -Col.  W.  Ingleby;  J.  Baldwin  Brown,  LL.D. ;  Rev,  James 
Farquharson,  LL.D. ;  Rev.  John  Foster;  W.  S.  Roscoe,  Esq.;  Ct  G, 
Harley,  Esq. ;  William  Seguier,  Esq.  %  Mr.  William  Savage ;  John  Buddie, 
Esq. ;  Joseph  Harding,  Esq. ;  Mr.  Thomas  Hollis  ;  M.  Casimir  Delavt^e  ; 

J.  F.  Kind ..    90—103 

Ct«moT  DicxAssn t..  ..•...•. .«,......  *      103 

Deaths,  arranged  in  Counties  ....,*  ......  « * 1 04 

RegistTRr-General's  Returns  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis — Markets— Prices 

of  Shares,  111;  Meteorological  Diary— Stocks  • .  • 1 1  tf 

Embellished  with  a  View  of  Oxkead  Hall,  NoRroLK  ;  a  SciTCttor  A  FovNTAlM 
formerly  there  ;  and  GROtJNp.ptAN  o?  thb  Mansion. 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


J.  P.  would  be  glad  to  be  informed 
whether  the  original  charter  of  William 
the  Conqueror  to  the  College  of  St. 
Martins-le-grand  is  extant,  and  where  it 
is.  If  it  is  not  known  to  be  in  existence, 
where  is  the  most  authentic  transcript  of 
it? 

Mr.  Daniel  Henry  Haioh,  of  Leeds, 
who  is  preparing  a  work  in  illustration  of 
Saxon  coini,  and  has  already  made  draw- 
ings Of  every  other  rare  coin  in  the  late 
Dean  of  St.  Patrick's  collection,  is 
anxious  to  learn  who  is  the  present  pos- 
sessor of  the  two  following: — 1.  Obv. 
BaPETiMo,  a  sword ;  Re?,  eboracio,  a 
cross,  with  crescents  and  pellets  in  al- 
ternate angles.  2.  Ob?,  a  sword ;  Re?, 
a  cross  Calvary;  each  surrounded  bv  a 
blundered  legend.  These  are  figured  in 
Mr.  Lindsay's  work  on  the  Anglo-Saxon 
coinage ;  but  Mr.  Haigh  is,  we  presume, 
desirous  to  delineate  them  himself,  for 
which  purpose  he  begs  to  be  favoured 
with  impressions  in  i^ing-wax. 

J.  P.  would  be  obliged  to  A.  J.  K.  to 
•ay  upon  what  authority  Hasted,  in  his 
History  of  Kent,  asserts  that  *'  the  manor 
qf  Newendtn  hy  ihe  nam*  qf  Andred^* 
was  given  bv  Offa  to  the  monks  of  Can- 
terbury,  and  what  that  manor  was  called 
in  Domesday.  Harris  says  it  was  given 
to  the  ArckbUhop. 

A  CoNBi'ANT  Readeb,  who  has  re- 
ceived much  grati6cation  from  the  perusal 
of  a  volume  of  *'  Wills  and  Inventories 
illustrative  of  the  History,  Manners, 
Language,  Statistics,  &c.  of  the  Northern 
Counties  of  England,  from  the  Eleventh 
Century  downward,''  Part  I.  is  informed 
that  the  second  part  of  this  work  is  in- 
tended to  be  published  by  the  Surtees 
Society,  and  will  shortly  be  proceeded 
with.  In  the  mean  time  the  Camden 
Society  has  undertaken  the  publication 
of  the  ancient  wills  which  remain  in  the 
ATchiepiscopal  registers  at  Lambeth,  and 
which  will  douUleas  be  found  full  of 
general  interest. 

A  CorresDondent  would  be  glad  to  be 
informed  wnat  means  noay  mo^t  effectu- 
ally be  used  to  prevent  the  ravages  of  the 
insect  common!?  known  as  the  book- 
worm ;  especially  whether  there  is  any 
diemioU  preparation  that  will  destroy  it 
where  it  cannot  be  detected  in  a  book, 
but  where  there  is  yet  every  reason  to 
■appose  it  to  be. 

Mr.  Urban, — In  the  account  which 
you  have  given  in  your  December  Number 
of  the  Queen's  visit  to  Cambridge,  there 
■re  one  or  two  errors  which  should  be  cor- 


rected. At  p.  643  it  was  stated  that  tbe 
degree  of  D.D.  was  conferred  on  Dr. 
Olipbant,  Regius  Professor  of  Divinity, 
on  occasion  of  the  Queen's  late  visit 
to  Cambridge.  This  is  altogether  a 
mistake,  he  having  been  D.D.  before 
his  appointment  as  professor.  From 
the  paragraph  which  follows,  it  would 
appear  as  if  the  performance  of  the  Coro- 
nation Anthem,  together  with  Roubiliac's 
statue  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  were  in  tbe 
senate  house.  Both  these  statements  in 
reality  refer  to  the  visit  to  Trinitv  Chapel 
on  the  evening  of  the  25th,  when  four 
noblemen  Undei^graduates  (of  whom  Lord 
Gifford  was  not  one)  held  torches  and 
candlesticks,  while  the  royal  party  ex- 
■mined  the  statue.  The  paragraph  (nearly 
at  the  top  of  left-hand  column,  p.  643) 
beginning  »'  The  royal  party  then  visited 
Trinity  College,"  &c.  should  run  thus: 
In  the  course  of  the  evening  the  royal 
party  visited  tbe  chapel  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege. At  p.  650  it  is  stated  that  Gen. 
Finch  represented  Cambridge  until  the 
general  elecdon  in  1820.  This  was  not 
BO ;  he  took  the  Chiltem  Hundreds  at 
the  close  of  Uie  year  1819,  in  Dec.  of 
which  year  Lieut. -Col.  F.  W.  (now  Sir 
F.  W.)  Trench  was  elected  in  his  stead. 
In  p.  661  of  the  same  number,  it  is 
mentioned  that  the  Rev.  Thomas  Heber- 
den  was  Senior  Wrangler  in  1775.  Now 
Prof.  Vince  was  first  on  the  Mathe- 
matical Tripos  in  that  year.  Mr.  Heber- 
den  was  a  Senior  Optime. 

D.  E.  D.  remarks:  "From  Mr. 
Wodderspoon's  list  of  churches  in  Suf- 
folk, where  the  chancels  are  of  the  same 
altitude  as  the  nave  (see  your  last  No. 
Gent.  Mag.  p.  573),  the  following  must 
be  deducted,  there  having  been  no  chan- 
cels to  those  churches  for  very  many 
years :  Dallinghoo,  Letheringham,  Bawd- 
sev,  Orford,  Kessin^land,  Kjrkley.  The 
following  typographical  errors  should  be 
corrected  :/or  Little  Wanham  read  Little 
Wenham;  for  Aldborough  read  Alde- 
burgh ;  for  Little  Glenham  read  Little 
Glemham ;  for  Blickling  Hundred  read 
Blithing  Hundred ; /or  Sacstead  read  Sax- 
stead  ;  for  Rishanger  read  Rishangles ; 
Jbr  Peluugh  read  Pettaugh. 

Errata.— 'Dec.  p.  585,  in  note,  line  84,  for 
Apperaley  read  Apperley ;  p.  590.  line  45  of  tbe 
text. /broreg^na  del  mondoo  read  re^nna  del 
mondo ;  p.  592,  in  note,  line  7,  /<w  waring 
read  Waddinc ;  p.  594,  line  31  of  the  text,/«r 
piUulent  read  pfllottent ;  p.  595,  line  53,  /or 
MtijeAtid  read  Majeslad  (or  Majestad) ;  ib.  une 
6  from  bottom,  for  Griguon  read  Grig  nan. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


1.  lAfe  of  Gtoffrep  Chaucer.     By  Sir  Harris  Nicolas,     Pickering, 
2.  The  Poetical  Works  of  G,  Chavcer,    By  T.  Tjrrwbltt.    Moxon. 

^TiOEVER  wishes  to  see  and  appreciate  the  transcendent  brightness 
of  Chaucer's  genius,  should  cast  an  eye  on  the  darkness  which  surrounded 
him.  With  the  single  and  solitary  exception  of  Roger  Bacon,  Chancer  was 
the  first  Englishtnau  whose  writings  have  survived  to  perpetuate  his  own 
fame  and  todelijiiht  fa tti re  ages,  and,  therefore,  he  is  justly  called  "the 
father  of  the  English  poets/**  When  it  in  onr  purpose  to  estimate  an 
author's  works,  we  take  them  at  their  positive  value,  abstracted  from  all  con- 
siderations of  the  times  aud  circimistances  in  which  he  lived,  and  the  degree 
of  good  or  ill  fortune  which  attended  him  j  but,  when  we  look  to  the  geniui 
or  the  aeqairements  of  the  writer  himself,  we  must  also  take  into  account 
Ihc  comparative  education  of  his  contemporaries,  the  peculiar  advantages, 
if  any,  which  he  possessed  over  theui,  or  the  impediments  which  the  sur- 
rounding darkness  presented  to  his  progress  and  advancement.  The 
author  and  his  work  are  not  to  be  confoondcd.  He  who  was  only  a  man 
of  moderate  stature  in  one  age,  might  have  started  up  a  giant  in  the  next. 
The  illastrioas  person  whose  name  we  have  already  mentioned,  the 
elder  Bacon,  was  one  whose  mind  possessed  the  highest  constituents  of 
fenias.  In  a  dark  age,  he  anticipated  some  of  the  most  brilliant  dis- 
coveries of  posterity »  but  he  lived  three  centuries  too  soon  for  his  own  fame 
and  for  our  advantage.  As  relates  to  Chaucer,  the  proper  subject  of  our 
present  research,  whether  as  regards  himself  or  his  writings,  we  shall 
return  to  the  inquiry  with  a  confirmed  feeling  of  his  transcendent  powers, 
snd  an  assurance  of  his  permanent  reputation-  Though  written  in  ati  age 
comparatively  dark,  and  though  he  had  no  model  on  which  to  form  them, 
Ilia  poems  are  as  yet  unequalled  in  many  qualities  of  the  highest  order,  arvd 
bis  name  is  inferior  only  to  the  very  greatest  in  the  temple  of  Fame.  If 
wc  look  to  the  jK)ct  himself  we  shall  be  astonished  when  we  see  how  im- 
measurably  superior  he  was  to  every  one  of  his  own  time,  so  as  not  only  to 
excel  them  in  the  degree  of  his  capacity,  but  to  stand  apart  in  its  very 
quality  and  essence.  We  can  see  no  one  like  him  or  approaching  him  at 
the  longest  interval  |  his  was  one  of  those  creative  minds  that  occasionally 
appear,  as  it  were  to  remind  us  of  the  original  fertility  of  nature.  As  a 
matter  half  of  amusement,  half  of  instruction,  wc  took  our  copy  of  Lelandf 
^frofii  the  shelf  to  turn  over  the  pages  in  which  the  poet  and  hh  contcm- 
l]K»f«fie9  mre  mentioned,  and  we  were  not  a  little  surprised  both  at  the 


•  lohnson  pronounoea  Chaucer  **  to  be  the  fint  Engliiih  nert^er  who  wrote  poeti- 
ciUy,"  (v.  Pfef.  Diet.  p.  I ;)  bat,  aa  Johnson  has  uieii  the  word  vtrti^er  and  not  poet, 
we  ma;  tiigge§t  that  there  were  some  writers  of  early  romances  previoui  to  his  time 
who  can  daim  the  luerit  of  versifjing  poetically ;  though,  probably,  this  claai  of 
literature  was  not  in  Johnson's  mind  at  the  tJme,  and,  indeed,  was  not  at  that  time 
oaueh  known  or  eaiily  acceasible.  The  Earl  of  Saliibury,  who  hvcd  in  Chaucer's 
tLmt^  and  who  wai  beheaded  by  Henry  the  Foorth,  was  a  poet,  and  waa  a  friend  of  the 

Dooa  Christina  of  Piua.  The  French  and  Italians  bad  made  at  thia  time  eoo*^ 
able  proficiency  and  improvements  in  poetry, 

t  Lcknd  Cotamentaiii  de  Scriptoribui  Britaonidl^  ed*  A*  Uallr  I799t  ^^* 


Sir  H,  Nicoliis'B  Li/e  of  Geoffrey  Chattcer, 


[Jan. 


copiousueas  of  the  ]i«t  of  authors  and  the  iiiiikitude  of  the  iirudiicttoiis. 
Tbe  greater  pa  it  of  the  uritcrs  of  that  age  nere  Carmelite  Friars  ^  with 
uaines  aft  loug  as  the  beards  which  touched  their  girdles  One  illustrious 
man  was  called  Nicolaiis  Loogospatbaiius  ;  he  was  a  great  writer  on  occult 
philosophy.  Then  there  wa.s  a  Dominus  Roger  Vento-fluctus,  with  his 
reverend  companions  friar  Coccoporos  and  Walter  "^^inisalvo,  and  a  William 
Snethigaiuius^  all  of  whom  spent  their  lires  in  iilling  monastic  libraries  with 
their  learned  productions  j  though,  from  some  inexplicable  cause  or  other* 
their  labours  arc  known  only  to  here  aud  there  a  person  in  the  present  day, 
who  is  more  than  ordinarily  studious  of  antiquity.  We  ourselves  must  ou  n 
that  our  knowledge  in  this  quarter  is  but  auperhcial,  and,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  following  treatises,  we  are  not  aware  of  any  that  we  can  be  said 
absolutely  to  have  mastered — they  are  De  Rebus  Creatis  iti  Specie — de 
Utensilibus — de  Septcm  Evperiiaentis,  nccnon  de  non  ducend4  Uxore.  Thij* 
last  is  a  capital  discourse ,  and  proceeds^  we  belicTe,  from  the  learned  peti 
of  friar  Hugo  Lobbealiamus.  Then  tliere  is  a  work  but  little  known  called 
Capita  Original* urn,  another  De  Proportion ibus,  very  interesting,  and  a 
Fcrculum  Zizanioruin»  which,  we  believe,  raided  the  author  to  high  pre- 
fertnent  in  his  abbey.  Of  such  a  nature  were  the  productions  of  the  numerous 
and  celebrated  authors  who  flourished  in  Chaucer's  days:  they  were  the  fruit 
of  much  labour  and  learning,  but  they  have  all  well  nigh  sunk  and  mouldered 
Into  the  earthy  while  the  native  flowers  of  his  genius  are  still  blooming  in 
immortal  and  increasing  beauty,  tliough  now  in  an  age  most  peevish  and 
spleneticp  and  in  a  climate  growing  more  and  more  ungenial  to  thcm»^ 

It  is  not  true,  as  some  assert^  tbat  Chaucer  lived  in  an  ignorant  and 
dark  age.  It  was  the  perversion  of  learning,  and  not  the  want  of  it^  that 
waa  to  be  lamented ;  in  the  monastic  cloisters^  and  in  the  refectories  of 
the  abbots,  were  cliurchujen  who  could  read  and  interpret  the  Fathers  of 
the  Church,  and  distntanglc  the  subtilties  of  the  schoolmen.  But,  as  their 
religion  was  corrupted  by  superstition,  so  their  philosophy  degenerated 
into  sophistry,!  Chaucer,  it  has  t>cen  observed,  Ims  a  double  claim  to 
rank  as  tiie  founder  of  English  poetry  from  having  been  the  first  to  make 

*  To  show  the  rise  of  oar  aatioasl  poetry  from  its  source  in  S^xon  times,  sad  honr 
little  of  it,  preTioas  lo  Cbaucer,  dcsenred  the  namei  we  trAUscribe  a  short  pssssge 
from  the  learned  Introduction  to  Havelok  (Rex,  ti.)  p*  xlriii.  bj  Sir  F,  Madden,  The 
uotices,  as  he  ubsenres,  **  are  few  and  scanty,'*  bat  we  can  scarcely  hope  to  Bod  any 
more. 

).  Song  of  Canute,  1069. 

2.  Versec  ascribed  to  St  Godric,  died  I ITO, 

3.  Few  lines  preserved  bf  Camden  of  tbe  same  period, 

4.  Prophecy  set  up  la  1 180, 

h.  For  the  same  time,  Henrr  II.  the  Metrical  Comp.  of  Lagaraon,  tlEHi*  Orim 
L^ods  of  St.  Katheriae,  8l  Margaret,  St*  Jalien. 

(a.  From  thb  time  to  middle  of  next  century^  poems  of  John  de  Guldevorde,  the 
Biblical  Histonr,  Foet.  Faraphrsac  of  the  Psalms  (t«  Warton)  and  the  Moral  Ode  (v* 
Hicks). 

7.  Between  1344  and  lSS6t  part  of  a  Med.  of  Augustiu  verbified,  MS.  Dtirliam* 

8.  Tbe  eariiest  songs  in  Ritson  and  Percy,  1S64. 

9.  Close  of  Henry  lilt  Hotnances,  Sir  Trintramr  K*  Horn  and  K.  Alisauader. 
Hifdok,  1^0— 1990. 

Tbk  last  date  comea  down  to  within  3d  |ears  of  Chaucer's  supposed  birth. 

▲mlMir  of  William  and  Werwolf,  1350. 

Aeeorditig  to  Ellis's  Iliit,  Ske*ch  CEngh  Poet*)  there  were  four  poets  altTe  in 
CbWflar^s  days  whose  worka  are  known  to  us,  Gower,  Barbour,  And.  of  Wyntouo,  and 
Lydgmte. 

t  '*  If  we  look  over  tbe  list  of  authors  quoted  by  Chaucer  and  other  writers  of  that 
period,  we  shill  ftod  it  coaiiderably  numorooi.    The  libraries  of  monasteries  supplied 


I 


18440 


Sir  H*  Nicolas*8  Life  of  Gtoffre^  Chaucer* 


it  tlie  vcliicle  of  spirited  representations  of  life  and  native  toaiuicrs  ;  fvnd, 
secondly,  from  liavtng  been  the  first  great  architect  of  otir  versification,  tii 
giving  our  language  the  ten -syllabic  or  lieroic  ineasyrc,  wbicli,  tboiigh  it 
may  sometiniea  be  found  among  tbc  lines  of  more  ancient  versifiers, 
evidently  comes  in  only  by  accident.  Nor  among  the  characteristics  of 
hia  genius  show  Id  tbc  ricli  and  quaint  buiuonr  wliicb  is  seen  and  enjoyed 
both  in  bis  description  and  sentiment,  be  overlooked,  counecting  itself, 
as  it  docs,  witb  tbe  fact,  that  this  satirical  banter,  drollery,  and  wit, 
is  a  cliaracteristic  feature  in  the  literature  of  these  early  centuries,  when 
learning  and  antborsbip  were  leaving  the  doors  of  the  cloister,  to 
mix  in  a  more  genera!  commerce  with  mankind*  We  doubt  not  but  the 
contracts  afforded  by  society  were  striking  and  strong  ^  tbe  peculiarities  of 
individuals  prominent  and  rcuiarkablc  ;  the  long  intervals  of  lassitude  and 
leisure  required  excitement,  and  fitted  the  mind  for  itj  and,  above  all, 
the  danger  of  openly  denouncing  the  vices  or  corruptions  of  the  age,  led 
to  tbe  safer  way  of  turning  indignation  into  ridicule,  of  making  tbc  moralist 
put  on  the  cap  of  the  jester,  liU  at  length  tbe  general  mind  was  accustomed 
to  these  peculiar  associations,  which,  however  philosophically  incorrect, 
yet,  by  delighting  the  fancy  with  their  novel  images  and  creations,  became 
the  u&cful  and  formidable  ally  of  truth  herself.  In  the  grotesque  cha- 
racters, in  the  extravagant  and  burlesque  buffoonery,  in  the  broad, 
homorous,  and  ribald  dialogue,  and  in  the  ludicrous  images  of  the  old 
drama,  Chaucer  had  a  prototype  for  his  satyrical  and  comictd  vein,  as  he 
had  ID  tbe  old  romances  for  Ins  Gothic  pageantries  and  his  pictores 
of  love  and  chivalry. 

The  life  of  Chaucer  has  been  often  written,  in  various  style  and 
manner,  according  to  the  degree  of  taste  or  knowledge  of  the  biographer. 
Perhaps  the  two  most  generally  known  are  tho.^e  composed  on  opposite 
principles  by  Godwin  and  Tyrwhitt  J  tbe  former  has  swollen  out  like  a 
gourd,  and  the  latter  is  compressed  into  a  nutshell :  (iodwin  was  a  writer 
of  abjhtietf,  and  has  given  an  amusing  and,  iierhaps,  instructive  work, 
which  he  has  been  pleased  to  call  a  Life  of  Chaucer,  but  which  might 
rather  be  named  a  dissertation  on  the  times  when  Chancer  livcd^f  or  a 
ruDoiog  commentary*  on  Englisli  history.  Tyrwhitt  was  a  scholar  of  the 
first  order,  and  had  a  truly  critical  mind,  which  fitted  him  for  such  inves- 
tigatioos  in  tbe  remote  pat  lis  of  a  refined  literature  as  be  delighted  in, 
beyond  any  one  of  fiis  age  ;  bnt^  as  be  knevv  the  love  of  truth  to  be  the 
only  sure  foundation  of  critical  invcatigatioOt  he  was  slow  to  receive  any 
theories  or  conjectural  hypotheses  or  doubtful  points  into  his  biography  ^ 
and,  couaequcntly,  by  adnvitting.  with  a  minute  and  scrupulous  exactness. 


tadronta^e  arising  from  the  small  collections  of  ictdividiial§«     They  were  pre^ 

i  from  being  so  minute  and  accurate  n»  scholars  of  our  days  frequently  are,  in 

"an^  but  not  from  being  learned,*^     Godwin^s  Life,  i.  ^8. 
i^ee  the  religious  controversies  aad  works  of  the  early  Reformers,  as  well  as  the 

ical  fables »  both  io  prose  and  verse,  so  numerous  in  those  days.  See  also  Fitz- 
tSgf/bmtH  account  of  tbe  assembties  of  tbe  schools  in  London  on  public  hotidays,  and 
of  the  revival  of  tbc  ancient  Fescennine  hberty  of  sarcasm  in  tbe  declamations.  Sco 
Fitzstepbea  apud  Lcland  Itin.  vol.  viiL 

i"  Mr.  Hallain  allows  '•  that  auotber  modem  hook  may  be  named  with  tome  com- 
mendaiiim^  Godwiu^s  Life  of  Cbaucer.'*  Vid*  Middle  Ages,  iii.  p.  81.  It  ought  to 
have  been  called  **  A  History  of  John  of  Gaunt  and  his  Man  Chaucer/'  In  one  place 
he mppoies  John  of  Gaunt  addresBinj^  Chaucer  in  tbe  following  words:  *' Mau  i»  a 
eomplex  beingt  and  affected  with  mLiced  coosiderations/^  Ike.  voh  it.  p.  ^10.  Much 
of  the  reading  io  Mr.  Godwin's  book  is  at  utcQnd  hand^  and  be  bad  too  great  a  dosirG 
t9  make  it  entertaixung. 


Sir  H.  Nicolas's  Life  of  Gtoffrcy  Chaucer, 


[Jao. 


only  the  very  few  facts  known,  and  rejecting  the  otherB»  be  reduced  the 

account  of  his  author  to  a  very  imaJl  compass.     The  present  biographer 
comes  under  happier  auspices  to  his  task.     He  saySj 


"  Although  great  trouble  \rati  takeo  to 
illustrate  the  liJfe  of  Chaucer  hj  his  former 
biographer* I  the  field  of  research  waa  but 
imperfectly  gleaned.  Many  material  facta; 
in  his  hi§tory  have  been  very  recently 
brought  to  light,  and  are  now,  for  the  first 
time,  {)ubli«bed  ;  but  it  if  not  from  these 
diacoverief  only  that  this  account  of  the 
poet  will  derive   ltd   claim    to  attentioD. 


An  erroneous  construction  has  been  givca 
to  mach  of  what  was  before  known  of 
him  ;  and  nbsiird  infereucea  have,  in  some 
(?aseS|  been  drawn  from  supposed  alloiioni 
to  himaelf  in  his  writiogg.  A  lifc^  of  the 
poet,  founded  on  documentary  evidence* 
instead  of  imagiuatjoii,  was  much  wanted  ; 
and  this,  it  is  hoped,  the  present  memoir 
wiU  sapply." 


We  will  now  give  a  short  abridginent  of  the  poet*a  Ufe  from  the  narrative 
before  iis. 

Chaucer's  parentage  is  unknowni  but  probably  bis  family  was  connected 
with  the  city  of  I^ndon*  We  trust  that  he  waa  not  the  son  of  Elizabeth 
Chaucer*  a  nun  of  St.  Helen's  ;  but  it  is  possible,  as  Speght  suggests,  that 
Richard  Chaucer,  \intner  of  Txnidon,  might  have  been  his  father.  If  so, 
he  had  a  brother  also  a  citi^^en  and  vintner.  The  name  of  Chancer 
existed  in  otlier  counties  ;  one  was  a  burgess  of  Colchester,  another,  deputy 
to  the  king's  butler  at  Southampton,  aod  others  are  luentiuned  in  contem- 
porary records  and  charters  wliose  names  alone  are  known »  but  who  seem 
to  have  filled  a  respectable  station  in  society.  •*  That  he  was  of  a  gentle- 
man's family,**  Sir  Harris  says,  *'can  scarcely  be  doubted;*'  but  if  by 
''gentleman  *'  he  means  a  rank  above  that  of  merchant^  or  citizen,  we  sec 
Qo  reason  to  admit  the  assertion  ;  apparently  he  was  in  such  a  rank  of  life 
as  enabled  him  to  have  the  advantages  of  an  education  which  unfolded  and 
improved  his  talents*  The  time  of  his  birth  seems  to  depend  on  the  con- 
jectnres  of  his  biographers,  but  has  generally  been  assigned  to  the  year 
1328,  When»  however,  he  was  examined  at  Westminster  in  1386>  he  deposed 
that  he  was  of  the  age  of  '*  forty  and  upwards,  and  bad  been  armed  twenty- 
seven  years/*  This  wouM  materially  alter  the  date,  and  he  would  have 
been  bom  abont  1345  ;  but  his  biographer  says  that  there  are  strong 
reasons,  derived  from  many  passages  in  \m  own  works,  and  the  writings 
of  Gower  and  Occleve,  for  bt'lieving  that  he  was  born  long  before  1345. 
Some  of  Chaucer's  biograptiers  most  confidently  speak  of  hts  being  edu- 
cated at  Oxford,  others,  not  less  confidently,  at  Cambridge^  and  some  give 
him  the  benefit  of  both  Universities.  There  is  not  the  least  proof  that  he  was 
CTcr  at  either,  yet  his  biographer  says,  *'  It  is  impossible  to  believe  that  he 
quitttd  college  at  the  early  period  at  which  persons  destined  for  a  military  life 
uimally  begin  their  career  ;"f  presuming,  and  justly  we  think,  though  in  the 

*  Mr.  D'ltnicll  teik  lu  that,  *' after  Godwin  had  sent  to  preii  his  biography  of 
Chaueer^  a  depositioD  on  the  poet^s  a^e  in  the  Heralda'  College,  detected  the  whole 
errooeoat  amngemcnt/'  Vid.  Ameaitiea  of  Literature,  toL  i.  p.  S53.  SeeaUoHip- 
p8sl«f '«  Chapter!  on  Earl^  Engliah  Literature,  p«  85, 

t  The  inference  which  the  learned  biographer  draws  fro  in  hii  earlj  qciting  college  for 
a  military  life  heiog  incompatihle  with  hit  vdcDOwiodged  acquirementi,  tcarcelj  ippears 
to  OB  Kufficiently  convincing  j  for  at  that  period,  and  bog  after,  colleges  were  ichooli, 
tmd  not  pMt-*chooU  aa  they  are  now,  and  youthi  entered  the  UDtvenitie«  at  a  very 
«viy  age.  Betidet  at  ooUcige  the  itodcot  doei  not  acquire  proficieacy  in  vajioos  branches 
of  learning,  hot  rather  lays  a  foiwdatioD  for  future  ioqitlhes  ;  his  knowledge  is  gained 
afteniards  by  his  iadependeot  exertioiu,  and  when  the  miod  has  attained  an  elevation) 
by  which  it  is  enabled  to  select  the  path  that  it  can  most  successfully  portouc.  The 
CttMom  of  sending  youths  to  colleg*  at  an  early  age  long  subsisted*  Lord  Burghley 
Hat  tent  ia  hit  13th  year,  Seidell  in  hi*  lith  jtWt  Lord  CiorendoA  alsQ  in  bii  i4th, 
He*  i  b«forc  that  tunc  moch  e&rlicr  still. 


1844.1 


Sir  H.  NIcoWs  Lift  of  Geofrty  Chaucer. 


I 

I 


absence  of  proof,  tbat  his  various  attainments,  liis  acquaiBtance  with  classics, 
with  divinity,  with  astrouomy,  and  other  branches  of  scholastic  learuiDg,  prove 
that  he  had  received  a  soperior  edocatiou^  and  we  may  suppose  that  he  was 
educated  for  a  learned  profession,  as  the  Bar  or  the  Churchy  if  for  the 
latter,  it  was  for  the  church  mHHanl,  as  he  showed  his  fondness  (ot  polemical 
divinity  very  early,  and  in  a  manner  rat  heron  usual,  *^for  he  was  fined  two 
f hillings  for  beating  a  Franciscan  friar  in  Fleet  Street/*  and  it  is  said  by 
Speght  that  a  record  in  the  Temple  proves  the  truth  of  the  anecdote. 
Leland,  however,  inclines  to  the  Jaw,  and  says  when  in  France  "  collegia 
legnleiorum  freqnentavit  :*'  however,  this  is  certain,  that  in  1339,  when  he 
was  about  30  years  old,  he  was  in  the  army  (certainly  not  as  chaplain) 
with  Edward  IIL  in  France,  and  that  he  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  French 
in  the  expedition  which  terminated  in  the  peace  of  Chartres  in  May  13  GO. 
After  this,  a  blank  of  seven  years  occurs,  in  which  nothing  is  Icnown  of 
him,  and  we  think  it  not  improbable  that  during  this  Interval  he  was  laying 
in  that  stock  of  knowledge  which  his  writings  show  him  to  possess,*  for 
his  was  now  the  very  period  of  life  when  tlic  mind  is  most  ardent  after 
knowledge,  and  most  capable  of  exertion.  Milton  never  studied  s  o  unin- 
Icrmptedly  and  so  intensely  as  during  the  six  or  seven  years  he  resided 
under  his  father's  roof  in  Hertfordshire,  after  he  left  the  University  >  and 
such  are  what  Bishop  Hurd  calls  '*  the  golden  hours  of  study  *'  in  a  scholar's 
life-  If  Chaucer  doring  part  of  this  interval  were  resident  as  we  beheve 
in  France,  we  cannot  but  consider  it  to  have  been  most  advantageous  to 
him,  as  aflfording  the  best  opportunity  of  studying  the  very  source  of  that 
fabulous  and  romantic  history  from  which  the  subjects  and  decorations  of 
his  own  poetry  were  subsequently  drawn.  Tyrwhitt  says,  *'  that  we  have 
not  one  English  romance  anterior  to  Chaucer  which  is  not  borrowed  from  a 
French  one."     The  Norman  muse  was  the  preceptress  of  our  own,  and  the 


I 


•  Since  writing  the  above  we  are  plefts^d  to  see  a  confirmfttlon  of  our  conjecture  in 
heland, — **  Constat  utique  iilum  circn  postremoi  Rtcardi  2^^,  cui  non  incogoitus  erat 
aanos  in  GallJs  HoruiBse  magnannjtte  ex  cutidua  in  Hierin  e^ercilatioue  gloriam  sibi 
€9m^r9ue,  turn  prvterea  Bsdem  oper&  omncs  veneres,  lepores,  deltcias,  soJes,  oc 
wwtuiDO  gratiAA  lingnK  gallicv  tam  alte  combibi&se^  quam  cioquam  vi^  credibile,  Lmn 
ttia  O^iiofHdmm  in  Angliie  reversum  seqaebatur,  tanqnam  comes  ejus  virtutifiindiTidua." 
Y.  Cap.  D.V.  de  GaUofrido  Chaitcero.  Leland  mentions  a  friend  of  Chaucer^a  of  the 
ttame  of  Birode^  to  whom  he  submitted  hia  verses, — a  trifiing  fact  not  mentioned  by  the 
praeaC  biographer.  Winat&nley  say§|  *'  By  hia  travcla  in  France  aod  Flanders  he 
attiiiicd  to  great  perfection  in  all  kinds  of  learning.  About  the  latter  end  of  King 
Rjcbard  the  Second's  days,  he  flourished  iu  France,  and  got  himself  in  high  esteem  Mere 
by  lib  diligent  exercise  in  learning.*'  Chancer  was  always  distinguished  for  his 
fipcHor  iearning ;  let  as  give  old  Futteo barn's  account  of  him.  ♦*  But  of  them  aE 
particnlarly  this  is  mine  opiaion  that  ChmtewTj  with  Gower,  and  Lydgate,  and  Harding, 
for  thcT  aodqnitie  ought  to  have  the  first  place,  and  Chaucer t  a*  the  moti  renouned  qf 
iktm  all,  for  ihe  muck  teaming  appeareth  to  be  in  him  above  any  of  the  rest.  And 
thongfa  many  of  his  bookes  be  but  bare  translatioDB  out  of  the  Latin  and  French,  yet 
are  tbey  well  handled,  as  his  bookes  of  Troitns  and  Cressidf  and  the  Romance  of  the 
Rose,  whereof  he  translated  not  one  halfe  ;  the  derice  was  John  de  Mehua'Si  a  French 
pocte<  The  '  Canterbury  Tales  ^  were  Chaucer's  own  inveiitioiif  as  I  supposei  and 
whert  lie  thoweth  more  the  naturall  of  his  pleasant  wit  then  in  any  other  of  his  workes; 
bb  rindlarities,  comparisons,  and  all  other  descnptionSf  are  BQch  ai  cannot  be  Amended. 
if  ii  Soeetre  heroicall  of  Troiius  and  Cressid  is  very  grave  and  stately,  keeping  the 
ttalT  of  seven  and  the  verse  often  ;  his  other  verses  of  the  Canterbury  Tales  be  but 
fidmp  rhyme^  nevertheless  very  well  becoming  the  matter  of  that  pleasant  pilgrimage 
IB  vbich  every  man's  part  is  played  with  much  decency," — Of  Poets  ttitJ  Poesiet 
p*  SO.  Winstanley  says  of  him,  **  In  passing  bis  time  in  the  University  he  became  a 
witty  logician,  a  sweet  rhetorician^  a  grave  philosopher^  a  holy  divine  and  skilful 
BwtbetiuiCician*  and  a  pleasant  poet/*  Vide  Life  in  England's  Worthies.  Wartoti 
flfi  thai  *'  Chaucer  waa  an  univertol  reader,** 


8  Sir  H.  NieoUs's  Li/e  of  Gnfirey  Chancer.  [Jan. 

AracMTtciii  fmUes  were  transplanted  to  another  climate  as  congenial  to  them 
as  their  own.  Here  then  Chancer  had  ample  Insure  to  study  the  mytholojg^y 
and  imbibe  the  spirit  of  the  Norman  minstrels,  which  he  was  to  naturalise 
in  his  own  language  ;  to  store  his  memory  with  the  marvellous  events  and 
achievements  of  chivalrouslife,  with  the  fabulous  l^euds  of  oriental  en- 
chantment, and  the  visionary  and  fantastic  all^oriesof  the  Proven9al  bards  ; 
to  study  the  manners  and  superstitions  there  recorded,  to  describe  the  public 
pageants  and  splendid  festivities  with  accuracy  of  detail  and  correctness  of 
costume  ;  to  rear  his  palaces  and  castles  with  all  the  barbaric  splendour  of 
the  Byzantine  architects,  and  to  array  his  jousts  and  tournaments  with  the 
raagnihceut  display,  and  according  to  the  acknowledged  laws  and  institu- 
tions of  Western  chivalry.  In  1367  Chaucer  was  one  of  the  valets  of 
the  king*s  chamber,  "  dilectus  Valettns  noster/'and  had  an  annual  salary  of 
twenty  marks  for  life.  This  handsome  annuity  authorised  him  to  solicit 
the  hand  of  Philippa,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Payne  Roet,*  and  sister  of 
Katherine  Swynford^  mbtress  of  John  of  Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster.  She 
was  one  of  the  ladies  in  attendance  on  the  queen.  Chaucer  was  abroad 
for  a  few  months  in  the  summer  of  1370.  In  1372  he  was  joined  in  a 
commission  in  a  commercial  treaty  with  the  Genoese,  and  in  December  of 
that  year  an  advance  of  66/.  13s.  4dL  was  made  him  for  his  expenses,  and 
he  left  England  soon  after.  All  that  is  known  of  his  mission  is,  that  he 
went  to  Florence  and  to  Genoa,  that  he  had  returned  in  Nov.  1373,  and  that 
he  received  a  further  sum  from  the  king's  exchequer  for  his  expense  in  1374. 
Some  of  the  biographers  of  Chaucer  have  surmised,  and  others  of  a 
bolder  temperament  have  asserted,  that«  during'  his  stay  in  Italy,  Chaucer 
visited  Petrarch  at  Padua,  f  and  obtained  from  him  the  tale  of  Griselda, 
which  the  Clerk  of  Oxenford  recites  3  but,  in  this  case,  as  in  others,  '*  the 
wish  '*  is  alone  the  "  father  to  the  thought,**  for  the  only  foundation  for  such 
an  event  is,  that  an  imaginary  character  in  the  Canterbury  Talcs  prefaces 
his  story  by  saying  that  it  was 

*'  Lemdat  Padoue  of  a  worthy  clerk/' 

an  introduction  calculated  very  naturally  to  draw  the  attention  of  his 
auditors  to  the  story  by  giving  to  it  a  kind  of  personal  interest,  but  in  no 
way  identifying  any  part  of  the  narrative  with  the  poet  himself,  and, 
indeed,  such  strained  and  fanciful  interpretations  are  to  be  carefully 
avoided,  and  no  more  to  be  admitted  into  biographical  memoirs,  than  they 
would  be  allowed  to    mix  with  the  authentic  materials  of  history.     A 

*  See  an  "  Ode  in  pore  Iambic  feet "  to  mr  noble  friend  Sir  T.  H.  (Hawkins ), 
knight,  on  his  translation  [of  Horace],  by  Hogh  Holland. 

**  That  Astrophell  of  arts  the  life 

A  knight  was  and  a  poet, 
So  wmt  the  num  wko  took  to  wtf9 

ThidaughierqflAiRoet,*'  &c. 

Yet  Sir  Harris  sars,  '*  It  has  not  been  ascertained  j;oti7t0«/y  whom  Chancer  married ; 
the  statement  that  his  wife  was  Philippa,  daughter  of  Sir  P.  Roet,  scarcely  admits  a 
doubt."  His  wife's  name,  however,  was  not  Philippa  Roet,  but  Pieard.  See  Life, 
p.  60  to  66,  and  Godwin*s  Life,  II.  374.     She  probably  died  in  1387. 

f  Mr.  Godwin,in  one  of  his  tales  of  fiction,  or  noveb,  called  **  The  Life  of  Chaucer," 
has  described  Chaucer*s  motives  for  seeking  an  interriew  with  Petrarch,  the  interriew 
itself,  the  feelings  of  the  two  poets,  and  the  very  substance  of  their  couTersation. 
Vide  Life,  i.  463.  To  do  this,  he  fah^fUi  a  letter  of  Petrarch  (See  Nicolas's  Life  of 
Chancer,  p.  30)  both  as  to  the  date  and  substance  of  the  letter,  all  being  material 
polntt. 

X 


J  8440 


Sir  H,  Nicolas'a  Life  of  Geoffrey  Chaucer, 


9 


qn€9tioa>  hoxrever,  does  arise  deserving  an  answer,  why  Chaticer  acknow- 
ledges Ui6  obligfitions  to  Petrarch  for  his  taSe  of  Griseldaj  and  not  to  the 
original  author,  Boccaccio? 

The  reason,  we  confidentlv  snggcsli  is  to  be  found,  first,  m  the  fact 
that  the  name  of  Petrarch  was  far  more  illiistrions  and  more  widely  known 
than  that  of  Boccaccio.*  \Vc  own  tliat,  when  the  iiamc  of  Petrarch  Is 
mentioned  in  England,  it  connects  itself  in  the  minds  of  most  men,  and 
alt  women,  with  ttie  lover  of  Laura,  and  lire  inditer  of  jimorous  Boimets  j 
and  we  have  seen  the  poet  painted  in  a  Venetian  cloak,  with  a  hat  and 
feather,  and  Proven ijal  roses  in  his  shoes^  b*"l?  ^y  ^^^^  fountain  of 
Vaucluse,  dreaming  life  away  in  the  languor  of  romantic  and  visionary 
aspirations*  This  may  do  very  well  for  "  young  ladies'  seminaries  at 
I  Ilaropstead  or  Haniraersmith  ^  "  but  Petrartli  was   not  only  a  poet  and 

lover,  but  a  man  of  great  scholastic  attainments  ;  a  man  of  laborious 
^  study,  of  practical  knowledge,  of  varied  acquaintance  ivith  the  characterei 
of  men^  and  the  social  and  political  state  of  empires  j  he  was  the  friend 
and  counsellor  of  more  than  one  of  the  Italian  princes  \  he  was  in  high 
honour  in  tfie  Papal  Courts  ardently  attached  to  the  liberties  and  honour 
of  his  country, —  in  short,  in  activity,  in  acquirements,  in  conduct,  in 
honourable  estimation,  he  was  among  the  Urst  and  foremost  men  of  his  age. 
As  for  self-indulgence,  Inxnriousnesa,  or  softness  of  life,  he  knew  nothing 
abont  it :  he  lived  on  the  coarsest  and  liardest  fare,  he  ate  the  hard  brown 
bread  of  the  valley  ;  he  drank  the  pure  and  crystal  waters  of  his  fountain  ; 
and,  instead  of  cloaks  of  Genoa  velvety  he  wore  a  kitid  of  tanned  jacket 
or  pelisse  of  sheepskin,  scribbled  over  with  the  scraps  of  verse  and  prose, 
which,  for  want  of  better  materiids  at  hand,  he  had  written  on  it. 
Pelrarch  was  the  great  man  of  his  age  ;  and  that  is  the  reason  why 
Chaucer  mentioned  him  ;  and  secondly,  it  was  more  honourable,  and 
more  scholarlike,  to  quote  from  Latin  than  Italian,  The  vernacular 
languages  were  little  esteemed  ;  no  one  wrote  in  them  who  could  write  \\\ 
the  ancient,  and  Petrarch  himself  looked  for  the  immortality  to  which  he 
afiptred,  not  to  his  canzone  or  his  Italian  sonnetti,  but  to  his  great  epic 
|K>em,  recording  the  events  of  Roman  history,  and  written  in  that  noble 
language  which  had  been  spoken  by  the  sona  and  matrons  of  Rome.  To 
rival  8tatiu3  and  to  emulate  Virgil  in  their  own  tongue,  was  the  highest 
ambition  of  him  who  was  the  niost  illustrious  ^H)et  of  his  age  and  country, 
and  who  even  now  yields  to  none  in  his  delineation  of  the  purest  and  most 
powerful  pa*ision  that  at  once  agitates,  and  enthralls,  yet  refines  and  purihes 
the  human  heart.     There  is,  bcsidca,  no  ground  for  presuming  that  Chaucer 


•  The  Knight't  Tde  U  tiiken  from  Bocc»ccioi  to  i«  the  Reve's  Tule.  January  and 
XUy  U  a  Lombiinl  fttory.  Nonnc'a  Priest's  Tak  u  an  Engliah  fable.  The  Clerk  of 
Oxmford*!*  Tulc  from  Boccaccio  tlirough  Petrarch'*  version,  Lydgate,  in  hia 
Tempk  of  G las,  seems  to  speak  a«  if  he  had  seen  a  completed  copy  of  tlie  Squirt*^  Tate* 

**  And  how  her  brother  so  often  helpe  was 
In  his  misohefe,  by  the  stcde  of  bras/* 

That  p«rt  of  the  story  which  h  hinted  at  in  these  two  lines  U  lost*  which,  however, 
might  harelMcti  remaining  in  the  time  of  Lydgate.     SeeWarton  on  Spenser,  i.  p.  154* 
I'hiL'pa  says,  the  Squire's  Tale  b  said  to  be  cotnplete  in  Jrmtdel  House  Library ;  vid. 
Th««tr.  Poet.  p.  6.     An  origina!  ballad  of  Chaucer,  which  had  escaped  all  the  editors 
of  hiM  works,  was  printed  m  Percy's  Retiques^  vol  ii,  p.  11,  for  the  first  time  from 
^\..  iK.,.».  \T......  .„,*^      y^j,  jQjj^g  i^f^  illustrations  of    Chaucer,  sec   Uipp<*l*7'» 

t  ;lish  Literatnre,  1837.     Two  tales,  the  Coke**  Tale  of  GamelyTi 

*'  oond  Tftle,  or  the  History  of  Bei-yn,  were  first  printed  in  Urry'i 

tdictuu,  iWl.  They  arc  ^vngulnriy  curiou§  ami  valuahlr,  but  nnt  not  Chaucer's, 
Sffe,  OD  this  subject,  Kitson's  Bibtiog»  Poctica,  aft.  Cbaurer. 

Qrht.  Mao.  Vol»  XXI.  B 


1« 


Sir  R  N5co!aa*»  Life  cfGeofretf  Chaucer. 


[Jan. 


was  aeqininted  with  tbe  Italian  lan^age  j  and  it  is  not  improbable  that  ho 
WMf  }mwt  picked  up  bis  Latin  version  of  Boccaccio's  story  in  Italy,  and 
brought  it  ^ith  him  to  England,  or,  as  Sir  H.  Nicolas  observes,  perhaps 
"  both  the  clerk  who  relates  the  tale^  and  tlie  immediate  source  of  the  talc, 
sre  alike  fictitious,"  Chaucer  s  mission  to  Italy  was  the  earliest  evidence 
that  is  taknts  were  appreciated  by  tbe  Crown,  for  he  soon  received  some 
mbstaotial  marks  of  royal  faronr.  Id  April  1374*  a  pitcher  of  wine  daiijf 
was  granted  hiro,  to  be  received  in  the  port  of  London  from  the  hands  of 
the  king's  bntler.  A  pitcher  of  wine  is  very  well  at  a  poet's  dinner  every 
day,  but  it  is  a  natnral  feeling  not  to  like  tx>  be  worse  off  than  one's  ncigh- 
bonr  j  and  John  Gower  had  two  gailom  of  wine  for  his  sbarCj  which 
showed  that  poetry  was  rising  in  the  market  ;  and  besides,  as  this  wine 
might  be  commuted  for  a  money  payment^*  as  was  afterwards  the  case^ 
the  quantity  allowed  was  not  unimportant.  In  June  of  the  same  year, 
Chaucer  was  appointed  comptrolkT  of  the  customs  of  skins,  tanned  hides, 
&c.  in  the  port  of  London.  In  the  same  month,  the  Duke  of  Lancaster 
granted  him  lUi.  for  hfc,  which  probably  was  worth  }HOi.  of  our  present 
money,  for  some  good  semce  rendered  to  him.  In  1375  he  obtained  a 
gmnt  of  the  custody  and  lands  and  person  of  Edmund  Staplegate,  of 
Kent^  a  minor.  This  would  probably  have  been  a  verj'  lucrative  grant, 
but  his  ward,  luckily  for  himself  and  his  estate,  became  of  age  within 
three  years,  and  only  suffered  the  loss  of  104/.  which  he  had  to  pay  for 
his  wardship  and  marriage.  Towards  the  end  of  157f>j  the  king  appointed 
Sir  John  Burley  and  G.  Chaucer  to  perform  some  secret  sernce,  the 
nature  of  which  has  not  been  ascertained ;  but  Chancer  was  paid  8/.  1 3*.  4rf, 
for  his  wages.  In  1377  he  was  associated  with  Sir  Thomas  Percy,  in  a 
secret  mission  to  Flanders^  the  object  of  which  has  not  been  discovered  ; 
be  received  10/.  for  his  expenses.  Not  improbably  it  was  some  commer- 
cial negotiation.  At  the  same  period^  Froissart  says^  he  was  joined  with 
Sir  Guichard  d* Angle  and  Sir  Richard  Starry,  to  negotiate  a  secret  treaty 
for  the  marriage  of  Richard,  Prince  of  Wales,  with  Mary  daughter  of 
tbe  King  of  France.  The  envoys  met  at  Montrcnil  sur-Mer,  but  Sir  H. 
Nicolas  observes  that  Froissart  has  blended  two  negotiations.  Edward 
the  'llurd  died  in  June  in  this  year  y  and  it  was  in  the  following,  after  the 
accesBiou  of  Richard  the  Second,  that  the  negotiation  for  the  marriage 
took  place,  to  which  mission  Chaucer  was  certainly  attached.  In  May 
1378  he  was  sent,  with  Sir  Edward  Berkeley,  to  Lomhardy,  to  treat  u  ith 
Bernardo  Vjgconti,  Lord  of  Milan,  and  the  celebrated  Sir  John  Hawk- 
wood»  •'  pro  certis  negocils  cxpeditiaiiem  gnerrse  Regis  tangentibus.*'  For 
his  expenses  he  was  paid  about  50/, 


**  Of  the  preciie  object  or  retult  (says 
hii  btosrapber)  of  hii  mtiMioo  to  Lorn* 
bvdf,.  BO  puticnUrt  are  knovni;  but  a 
fttct  of  much  hterary  value  b  eitablished 
by  one  ot  tbe  docuracoU  cotrntcted  with 
it,  luuDely.  tlut  (b§  hts  hitherto  beeo  pre- 
MOMd  obljr)  Ckiottmr  waa  cfriminfy  tkm 
JHtmd  ^f  Q0mie  tb«  Poet.     In  ewe  of 


anf  legal  proceediu^s  being  iiiBtituCed 
during  hii  abieace,  it  wiu  neceBsary  that 
Chaucer  ahould  appoint  two  persoiis  to 
appear  for  hiiji  in  the  coiirt*  j  and, 
fuppoatng  one  of  tbe  individual!;  to  bare 
be«D  selected  merely  becaaae  be  wa£  a 
lawyer,  the  other  would  probably  have 
been  an  intimato  friend  ^  on  whose  ability t 


^  Mr*  ElUs  baf  calculated  the  value  of  Cbaucer'a  grants  in  modern  money.  Me 
WtimiUi  the  *'  mark  of  tilver*'  at  10/.  of  our  present  money,  and  Chaucer'fi  origmal 
umoity  it  200/.  The  grant  of  wine  was  of  tbe  M^me  value,  becauae  it  was  eichanged 
for  an  anniiity  of  ^  marki.  Chauoer,  according  to  hia  calculation,  appears  to  have 
i»o»i»uA  diiriiig  t^  laat  three  years  of  £dw.  III.  the  preaeot  value  of  4,700/.  without 
ttk&Bf  l&to  tc^omit  hii  reoctpU  at  Comptroller  of  the  Customs,  (Spec.  vol.  i*  p.  204.) 


Sir  H,  Nicolafi*ft  L\f€  ofGet^ffrey  Chaucer. 


U 


thai  document  witli  the  poet»  i$  not  Ottly 
highly  probable  in  itidf*  but  ii  sapported 
by  th«  name  being  very  uncommon  at  that 
period^  and  by  both  of  them  being  con- 
nected with  the  county  of  K«nt/*  • 


1844.] 

led,  and  honour  he  could  entirely  rely. 
ChAttcer  named  Joku  Gover  and  Richard 
Forreeter  (of  nrhom  nothing  more  has  been 
found)  BS  his  representatiTes  ;  and  the 
iibntity  of  the  John  Gower  mentioned  in 

Each  poet  has  celebrated  the  other  in  his  verses  :  Chancer  at  the  end  of 
TroUus  and  Cressida,  and  Gower  iri  the  Confessio  Aoaantis,  m  some  lioea 
that  he  puts  into  the  mouth  of  V^eniis.  As  cotnuientators,  however,  exist 
oil  suppo&itions/ryrwhitt  suppoeed  that  they  subsequently  (piarrelled  ^  and 
theni  corroctiijg  himself,  he  supposed  they  did  not  ;  and  Sir  Harris  ob- 
serves, thatt  as  their  friendship  lasted  till  within  seven  years  of  Chaucer's 
deathj  "  it  is  probable  that  it  was  nevor  dissolved/*  The  fact  is,  there  is 
not  the  slightest  ground  for  atiy  supposition  of  a  quarrel,  the  whole  web 
being  woven  by  the  critic  from  bis  own  bowels ,  to  catch  the  heedless  fliea 
— his  readers.  Chaucer  retarocd  to  England  before  February  1379.  la 
May  1382  be  was  appointed  Coinptroller  of  the  Petty  Customs  in  the  Port 
of  Loudou  during  pleasure,  still  keeping  his  former  place.  In  the  Fe- 
bruary ^foilowingf  lie  was  enabled  to  nominate  a  permanent  deputy  to  his 
office;  and  he  was  released  from  the  drudgery  of  dockets  and  cockets  and 
consignments,  to  walk  in  the  fields  at  Stratford-le-Bow,  and  think  of 
Palemon  and  Arcite.  The  next  notice  of  Chaucer  is  of  importance  ;  he 
was  elected  knight  of  the  shire  for  Kent  in  tlie  parliament  of  Oct.  1380. 
This  fact  tends  to  identify  the  poet  with  Kent,  m  which  county  it  is 
probable  he  possessed  some  property.  Cliaucer  was  examined  as  witness  at 
Westminster  for  Richard  Lord  Scrope,  in  defeii€e  of  his  right  to  the  arms 
*'  Azure^  a  bend  or/*  against  the  claim  of  Sir  Robert  Orosvenor  ^  his  de- 
position, as  his  biographer  tells  us,  is  material  for  the  information  it 
contains  resjK^cting  himself,  but  we  can  jierceive  nothing  in  it  connected 
with  his  {>ersonal  history  that  we  do  not  know,  except  that  he  once  walked 
in  Friday  Street,  and,  as  lie  was  walking,  saw  a  new  sign  bung  out.  To- 
wards the  end  of  13d6t  he  was  superseded  in  botU  his  otiiices,  as  Comp* 
troUer  of  Customs  and  Petty  Customs  in  the  Port  of  London.  Why  he  was 
diemissed,  no  one  can  tell  j  nor  have  we  anything  to  guide  us  on  the  subject  j 
but  the  biographers  fortunately  are  not  so  soon  drawn  from  the  game,  and 
can  give  tongue  on  a  false  scent,  as  well  as  on  a  true  one*  This  then  is 
the  goodly  fabric  they  have  raised,  which  Sir  Harris  tells  us  is  nothing  but 
a  pure  fiction. 


'  **  His  biogmphers  attribute  Chaucer^ s 
dismissal  to  his  having  taken  an  active 
part  in  the  dispute  between  the  Court  and 
the  Cituieas  of  London  respecting  the 
election  of  John  of  Northampton  to  the 
Mayoralty  in  IflBS  ;  and  they  cite  various 
passages  in  the  '  Testament  of  Love/ 
which  they  snppoee  shew  that,  hi  Pebmary 
13B4,  when  Northampton  vras  ordered  to 
be  arrested  and  sent  to  Corfe  Castle,  a 
piMitt  bsood  against  the  poet^  who  fled 
for  safety  to  the  island  of  Zealand  ;  that 
he  remained  In  exile  for  two  years ;  that 
he  met  many  of  his  confederates  in  Zea- 
landi  who  had  fled  from  the  same  cause^ 


to  whom  he  acted  with  great  liberality ; 
that  the  persons  who  bad  the  manage- 
ment of  his  affairs  in  Bngland  betrayed 
their  tnixt;  that  he  experienced  much 
distress  during  his  banishment  s  that  hi 
returned  to  England  some  time  In  1386*, 
and  on  his  arrival  was  sent  to  the  Tower  ; 
that  he  remained  in  custody  for  t]ire« 
years,  and  was  released  about  May  13B9, 
at  the  intercession  of  Anne  of  BoEomia, 
Queen  of  Richard  the  Second ;  and  thai 
it  wai  one  condition  of  hii  pardon  that  h« 
should  tnipcach  his  former  aaaodaleiai  lo 
which  terms  he  ultimately  yielddd.*' 


These  dream  stances  have  been  taken  out  of  an  allegorical  poem,  iho 


See  Retroipective  Review^  New  Series,  vol.  ii. 


12  Sir  H.  Nkolass  Life  o/ Geffrey  Lkaueer.  [Jkn. 

Tcstaiaeiit  of  Lov^,  and  applied  as  verities  to  Chaucer's  history,  as 
Spenser's  Ufc  mi^t  have  becu  compiled  from  the  Ftary  Queen,  or,  in  the 
absence  of  real  information.  Milton  might  have  been  presumed  to  have 
rescued  a  lady  from  the  enchantments  of  Comns,  or  met  his  death  like 
Samson  Agonistes. 

The  fact  is>  Chaucer  was  in  London  from  1380  to  May  1388,  recciying 
regularly  his  pension    at  the  Exchequer,    probably  walking  in  Friday 
Street  as  usual ;  and,  at  the  very  moment  when  he  is  sent  by  Mr.  Godwin 
and  others  as  prisoner  to  the  Tower,  he  was  sitting  in  Parliament  as  a 
knight  of  the  shire  for  one  of  the  lai^st  counties  in  England.     To  ac- 
count for  Chaucer's  dismissal  from  his  employments  in  Dec.    1386,  Sir 
Harris  reasonably  conjectures  that  he  became  obnoxious  to  Thomas  Duke 
of  Gloucester  and  the  other  ministers,  toko  had  succeeded  his  patron  the 
D^kt  ofLancoMicr:  and  fr.rth.r,  as  the  board  of  customs  seems  in  those 
days  not  to  have  been  unlike  what  it  has  been  lately  discovered  to  be  in 
ours,  a  commission  was  appointed  to  investigate  the  abuses  -,  and  we  are 
sorry  to  have  to  transcribe  the  remaining  words  of  the  biographer  on  the 
subject.    '«  As  the  commissioners  began  their  duties  by  examining  the 
accounts  of  the  officers  employed  in  the  collection  of  the  revenue,  the 
removal   of  any   of  those   persons,    soon   afterwards,  may,  with    much 
probability,  be  attributed  to  that  in\*estigation.**     This  is  delicately  and 
carefulW  expressed,  but,  if  it  means  any  thing  to  the  purpose,  it  is,  that 
when  Chaucer  was  walking  in  Friday  Street,  looking  at  the  signs,  the 
money  in  his  purse   was   not  exactly  what  an  honest  man  could  call  his 
own.     In  May  1388,  the  grants  of  his  pensions  of  twenty  marks  each 
were  cancelled,  at  his  request,  and  assigned  to  John  Scalby :  it  is  probable 
that,  being  now  distressed  by  the  loss  of  his  places,  he  sold  his  pensions 
to^his  person.     In  May  1389,  the  tide  of  fortune  turned ;  the  young  King 
assumed  the  reins  of  government,  and  appointed  new  ministers,  among 
whom  Chancer  found  new  friends.     He  was  appointed  Clerk  of  the  King's 
Works  at  all  the  royal  palaces,  castles,  and  lodges  5  he  was,  moreover,  per- 
mitted to  execute  his  office  by  deputy,  for  there  were  no  Whittle  Harveys 
nor  Joseph  Humes  in  the  House  in  those  days  ;  and  his  salary  was  two 
shillings  per  diem,  being  equal  in  value  to  a  sinecure  place  of  400  or  600 
a  year  in  the  present  day.     After  holding  this  situation  two  years  only,  he 
was  superseded  by  a  John  Gedney,  for  what  cause  is  not  known,  though 
many  have  been  suggested  ;  and  his  probable  unfitness  for  his  office  the 
only  one  that  has  been  overlooked.     In  Feb.  1394,  he  obtained  a  grant 
from   the   King  of  20/.  a  year  for  his  life,  payable  half-yearly,  being 
6/.   13«.  4d.  less  than  the  pensions  he  surrendered  in  1388.     That  he 
was  now  poor,  may  be  inferred  from  several  advances  made  to  him  at  the 
Excheqner  on  account  of  his  annuity,  before  the  half-yearly  payments  be- 
came due.     From  the  next  record  relating  to  the  poet,  inferences  exactly 
opposite  to  each  other  have  been  drawn.     On  4th  May,  139S,  letters  of 
protection  were  issued  to  him,  stating 

, .  'iJJ***  whereat  the  King  had  appointed  varions  suits,  had  prayed  the  King  to  a«- 

WB  ncloved  esquire  Geoffrey  Chancer,  to  sist  him  therein ;  and  that  therefore  the 

pertorm    Tarions     arduous    and    urgent  King  took  the  said  Geoffrey,  his  tenanU 

E  ^  A^    divers  parts  of  the   realm   of  and  property,  into  his  special  protection, 

th°f^     •*'*^   the  said  Geoffrey,  fearing  forbidding  any  one  to  sue  or  arrest  him  on 

^n  7u  °"^'  ^  impeded  in  the  ezecu-  any  plea  except  it  were  connected  with 

«>n  tuereof  by  his  enemies,  by  means  of  land,  for  the  term  of  two  years.- 

His  biographer  says,  th^t,  in  judging  of  this  document,  though  it  most 


18440 


Sir  H*  NIcoliis's  Life  of  Geoff reij  Chaucer. 


13 


be  borne  iu  luiud  titat  similar  language  was  often  cmplDved  in  oilier  records 
of  tliiit  nature,  in  cases  where  the  |)artics  arc  not  iji  pecuniary  difficulties, 
ycttlie  Kecordti  of  the  Exchequer  for  13US  so  strongly  support  the  opi- 
uioii  that  Chaucer  was  in  distressed  circumstances,  as  to  leave  little  doubt 
of  the  fact.  He  obtained  also  loans  of  such  very  trifling  sums  from  the  Ex- 
cheqncri  in  advance  of  Wis  penstoti,  as  no  one  in  tolerable  circumstances 
could  have  submitted  to  request.  But»  to  tlie  honour  of  the  country,  the 
Statesman  and  the  poet  wad  not  then  to  sink  into  his  grave,  uor  his  sun 
to  set  in  the  cold  and  cloudy  storms  of  poverty  aud  sorrow.  W' e  are 
delighted  to  find  that  the  old  man's  hinoc!  was  again  warmed  by  another 
grant  of  wine  in  the  vcr}-  month  dedicated  to  BacchuSj  in  the  genial 
October  of  1398,  not  precisely  as  before,  doled  out  m  pltchtrs,  but 
lu  the  totality  of  an  annual  tun.  Henry  the  Fourth  ascended  the 
throne  ^  and,  being  connected  witli  the  House  of  Lancaster,  the  poet  had 
claims  on  the  sovereign  whicli  were  not  denied  or  forgotten.  His  pension 
was  doubled  in  four  days  after  this  event,  by  a  grant  of  forty  marks  yearly, 
in  addition  to  the  annuity  of  *Ii}L  which  Kiug  Richard  had  given  him. 
We  arc  now,  however,  nbout  to  take  leave  of  all  these  changed  of  furtunc 
— these  elevations  and  depresisions — this  mixture  of  cloud  and  sunshiiiei 
which  pass  over  the  life  of  man,  and  to  acc<^mpany  the  poet  to  the  only 
place  of  rest  allotted  to  the  children  of  mortality. 

**  It  wouhl  seem  that  Chaucer  closctl 
bid  days  near  \Ve«tmiuiter  Abbcy^  for  on 
Christmas  Ete  1399  he  obtained  a  len,^e, 


dnled  at  Weitmiuater,  by  which  Robert 
Hertnodfswortbr  n  monk  and  keeper  of 
.  tlie  Chapel  of  the  Blessed  Mary  of  We«t- 
tninster^  with  the  conaent  of  the  abbot 
and  convent  of  that  place,  demised  to  him 
a  tenement  eiluated  in  the  garden  of  the 


«aiJ  Clittjjel,  for  fifty-three  yeart,  at  the 
nnnual  rent  of  2/.  13*.  Ad.  If  any  part  of 
the  rent  wii^  in  arrear  for  the  apace  of 
fifteen  days,  power  was  given  to  the  leaf  or 
to  distrain,  aod  if  Chaucer  died  witbm 
that  term,  the  premises  were  to  revert  to 
the  Costos  of  the  said  Chapel  for  the  time 
being  ;  lo  that  in  fact  the  poet  had  only  a 
life-iuterest  in  it.''* 


In  February  140(J  Chaucer  received  his  |)€naion  of  20/.  and  he  was  aUvc  in 
June  following,  though  probably  not  in  good  health,  for  hia  second  pension 
I  was  received  for  him  by  Henry  tisoraerc,  who  was  clerk  of  the  receipt  of 
the  Exehei|uer,  aud  the  same  person  to  whom  Occleve  addressed  tivo 
ballads.  \Vc  shall  now  give  the  account  of  his  death  in  the  words  of  his 
accomplished  and  learned  biographer. 

niaioa  ;  and  the  above  date  of  his  decease 
may  have  been  copied  from  it.  There  can, 
boWeTer,  be  little  doubt  of  the  correctoeaa 
of  the  period  assigned  to  Cbauoer^s  de- 
cease ;  for,  had  he  lived  many  weeka  after 
the  end  of  September  I4t>0,  the  payment 
of  hii  pensions  would  liave  appeared  on 
the  Iasuc  Roll  of  tbe  Excbtquer  com- 
Diendug  at  Michaelmas  la  that  year  and 
endio^  at  Easter  1401 ;  or  at  all  events  on 
Bome  subucc^uent  Roll." 


'*  Chaucer  is  said  to  have  died  on  the 

25thof  October  1400,  at  the  a^e  of  seventy* 
I  two,  and  waa  buried  m  Westminster  Abbey. 
'  Tbe  precise  date  of  bis  decease  stands  on 

no  better  authority  than    the  iaficriptioa 

on    the  tomb  erected  near  his  grave,  by 

NichoUs  BrigbatD,  a   poet   aud    man  of 

hterary  attainmentu,  in   the  year    15j6, 

who,  from  veneration  for  Chaucer,  caused 
r  liis  chiid  tlacbcl  to  be  buried  near  the 
^  spot  in  June   \hZ*l,     It  appears,   that  a 

tomb  had  been  before  placed  over  his  re< 

Such  wjis  the  period  of  Chaucer's  death,  at  the  advanced  age  of  seventy- 
two ;  yet  it  would  appear  that  years  had  not  dimmed  the  clearncsti  of  his  intel- 
lect, tiortpienched  the  poetic  fire  that  had  bunit  30 steadily  during  his  life,  aud 
wa«  yet  to  illuminate  futtire  ages.     In  Lydgate*s  Life  of  the  Virgin  Mary^ 

♦  See  the  lease  as  printed  iu  Godwin's  Life  of  Chaucer,  vol.  iv.  p.  ZQh,  from  Ox^ 
Ori|$liial  m  the  po^ses^iou  of  the  Dcaa  and  Chapter  of  We8tmiiijt«r. 


14  S\rU.Kw6tu'Ml^€0faiqf^C!kmieer^  Ihm. 

there  it  a  digreMion  of  fi?e  er  ttx  stansas  is  praiae  of  Cknoer ;  n  wlddi  be 
feelinglj  ka^nU  the  reeeni  de^ik  "  of  hit  aMater  Chancer,  poete  of 
Britaioe,  who  u$ed  to  aimende  and  wrrecU  the  wroti^  trmeet  ^wa§  rmdi 
pnne"  Now  Lydgate  if  aoppoaed  to  have  beea  born  aboot  1375,  and  we 
may  reaaonabl j  presame  that  be  moat  have  anrifed  at  the  age  of  BM»e  tlian 
twenty  before  he  ▼eotored  to  open  hif  early  effnsions  to  the  great  maater  of 
aong;  if  ao,  this  period  would  be  brtm^bt  within  two  or  three  yeara  of 
Cluuicer*8  death,  when  hia  mind  was  atill  Tigoroos  enongh  to  oorreet,  and 
healthy  enough  to  enjoy,  or  rather  when  he  was  good-natured  enongh  to 
hear,  the  coropoaitions  of  the  yoanger  minstrel ;  and  a  pleasing  pictore 
nuiy  be  formed  by  the  eye  of  fancy,  <^  the  two  poets  engaged  in  the  occn- 
pation  of  going  over  with  critical  czactneaa*— Bochas  tragecfies,  or  the 
lUl  of  Princes— and  Chaucer,  perhaps,  oocasioMJIy  panting  aome  life- 
blood  of  his  own  into  the  inanimate  prodnctiona  of  the  prosaic  Monk  €i 
Bnry.  The  grateful  scholar  lamented  his  maffer*«  deadi  hi  te  following 
elegant  and  affecting  lines : 

««  Mj  mastsr  Chaucer,  wiih  freth  eoMttfttt, 
li  demd,  tl«i  1  chief  poet  of  Britaine  I 
That  whilom  made  fol  ptteooi  fn^edKet.'* 

Chaucer  himself  had  submitted  his  poem  of  Troilos  and  Cresuda  to 
Gower*s  correction. 

O  moral  Gower,  tiiia  book  I  directs 
To  the,  and  the  philoaophicall  Stroode, 
To  TOiichtafe  when  nede  if  to  conrecte 
Of  your  benigiietyes  and  lealea  good.*' 

The  tomb  which  Bri^ham  erected  to  Chancer  still  remains,  and  forms 
one  of  the  most  interestinff  oljects  in  Ftet*8  Comer.  It  is  mnch  to  be 
lamented,  that,  of  a  smairwh<^-length  portrait  of  Chancer,  which  was 
delineated  ta  pUmo  on  the  north  aide  of  the  inscription,  not  a  vestige  is 
left    The  inscription  is  as  follows  :— 

"M.S. 

Qui  Itdt  Anglomm  Tstes  ter  mazimus  olim, 

Galfeidus  CHAUcan,  conditor  hoe  tomolo: 

Annum  ai  qusraa  Domini,  li  tempora  Titc, 

Bcoe  not«  inbsnnt ;  quM  tibi  cuneta  notant. 

95  Chstohrii,  1400. 

•  ^Brumnamm  requlea  mon. 

N.  Brigjiam  hos  laoit  Muswnm  nomine  snmptas, 
1556.'»t 

On  the  le^  of  the  tomb  the  following  verses  were  engraved :— > 

8i  rogitaa  quia  eiam,  fbrsaa  te  ftoma  docehit, 
Quod  ii  funa  negat,  mondi  quia  gloria  traniit, 
Hnc  monumenta  lege. 

Speght  says  that  the  following  lines  were  to  be  seen  on  the  origmal 
tomb: — 

•  V.  Prol.  Fall  of  Princes,  v.  1. 

t  See  Neale  and  Brayley'a  Hiatory  and  Antiqaitiea  of  Westminater,  ii«  p.  365. 
Bee  an  engraying  of  the  tomb  in  Urrj'i  Chancer,  Todd'i  Oluitrationa,  zzz.  Gough'a 
Sepulchral  Monomenti.  Brigham  was  a  msn  of  learning  and  a  poet.  See  Wood's 
^w«  Ox.  and  Umbeth  MSS.  No.  1106. 


1844*}  Sir  H*  NicoWs  Life  ^f  Geoffrey  Chaucer,  If 

Dalfridus  Chaucer  VBles,  et  funv  pociu 
MateniK,  hac  tao'a  aum  tumulatud  bumo; 

Dt  they  vrere  part  of  an  epitaph  written  by  Stephanas  Sarigoniof,  a  Poet 
Laureat  of  Milan,  and  which,  according  to  Caxton,*  "  were  wreton  on  a 
tMt  bongyng  on  a  pylere  by  his  sepakure." 

*'  Cliaaccr'i  works,*'  says  his  biogra- 
pher* **baTC  been  carcMly  perused,  with 
the  object  of  findiag  facts  in  them  for  this 
memotr  ;  bat,  with  the  fbUowin^  few  cx- 
oeptioiHT  little    reliance  can    be   placed 
Qpon  any  of  his  remarks.     The  *  Teata- 
Ljncnt  of  LoTe '  has  heea  already  alluded 
liD  ;  and  there  is  not  space  in  this  memoir 
■Id  coauunt  on  all  the  passs^s  that  seem 
|tp  iUnstnte  hia  feelings,  opinions^  cba- 
stoCer,    and    attainments.     His  writings 
DiLst  he  closely  itndied  to  form  a  proper 

It  18  said  that  there  arc  many  allusions  in  Chaucer's  poems  to  himself 
Imnd  bis  habits  of  life*  Some  of  these  are  given  in  the  present  biography  j 
[%nt  the  only  one  that  has  at  all  interested  us  is  the  followiagjn  the  House 
lof  Fame«  wheie  be  certainly  appears  to  describe  the  *'  studious  custom  of 
tkit  life.*' 


estimate  of  tbc  magnitude  of  his  genini, 
the  extent  and  variety  of  hii  in  formation ^ 
his  wonderful  knowledge  of  human  na* 
tore,  the  boldness  with  which  he  attacked 
clerical  abuses  (oh/  Sir  Barritf),  and 
advocated  the  interests  of  honour  and 
virtue^  and,  more  than  all,  of  that  philo- 
sophical construction  of  mind,  which  ren- 
dered him  superior  to  the  prejudices  of 
his  time,  and  placed  btoi  far  in  advance 
of  the  widest  of  hla  contemporaries/' 


'  no  tiding! 


Of  Loves  folke,  if  they  be  glade^ 
Ne  of  nothing  cIs  that  God  made, 
And  not  onety  fro  ferre  countree 
That  no  tidings  comraen  to  thee, 
Not  of  thy  Tcry  neighbours, 
That  dwellen  almost  at  thy  dorest 
Thou  hearest  neither  that  ue  this, 
For  whan  thy  labour  all  done  is, 
And  hast  made  all  thy  reckonings, 
In  steade  of  rest  and  of  new  thinga 
Thon  goest  borne  to  thine  honse  anone, 
And  al  so  dombe  as  a  stone, 
Tbon  aittest  at  another  booke 
TUl  Ailly  dased  is  thj  looke, 
And  liirest  thos  as  an  hermifce, 
Althonfh  thine  abstinence  is  lite/'f 

In  some  manuscripts  of  Chaucer's  works,  and  in  both  the  editions  of 

Canton,  a  very  curious^  or^  as  it  is  called,  aficctiug  paragraph  occursj  in 

rbtch^  when  the  near  approach  of  death  had  brought  with  it  the  solemn 

Dooittons  of  the  grave,  and  the  past  transactions  of  life  were  recalled, 

laud  summoned  before  the  tribunal  of  conscience,  the  poet  prays  forgiveness 

r«C  God   for  his  translations  and  editings  of  worldly  vanities*  while   he 

l»?e8  thanks  for  the  grace  that  enabled  him  to  translate  Boethiue  and  other 

itookd  of  saintly  legends*     Tyrwhitt  expresses  his  suspicion  of  the  genuine- 

of  the  pasage.     Sir  Harris,   more  judiciously,  confines  himself  to 

^  tbe  cxAOunatioD  of  one  or  two  separate  points,  as  the  mention  of  the  Boke 

i  of  tlie  LioDt  nnd  the  objection  taken  by  Tyrwhitt  to  the  omission  of  any 

mentioa  of  the  Romatint  of  the  Rose.     VV'e  do  not  mean  to  e3LpresB  any 

opinion  dogmatically  or  with  undue  assurance  on  this  doubtful  subject,  but 

9  Ceaton'i  Edition  of  Chaucer's  Translatioa  of  Boethius  de  Cons*  Fhilosophi»t 
at  the  end  of  which  is  a  copy  of  the  said  Tcrses.  They  are  reprinted  both  In  Speght 
■nd  Urry*!  edition  of  Chaucer's  works. 

t  In  the  •*  Boke  of  the  Duchesse  "  he  is  described  as  reading  in  bed.  In  the 
**  Ftotiamcnt  of  Bcrdet"  h«  bad  been  reading  all  day  long  tiU  the  light  faUed  him* 


1(1 


Sir  H.  Nicolas*B  Life  of  Geoffrey  Chaucer. 


'[Jan, 


we  are  indiued  to  side  with  Tyrwbilt  in  his  doubts.  Tljere  is  somethmg 
in  the  whole  passage  that  looks  asquint  and  suspicious  to  our  eyes,  nnd» 
besides,  wc  hardly  regard  it  in  tlic  liglit  uliidi  the  present  biographer 
doc§;  for  surely  Chaucer  never  could  Lave  written  this*  when  !iis  faculties 
were  vigorous  and  sound  ;  but^  if  it  were  the  production  of  a  weak  and  sliaU 
tered  intellect  J  of  an  old  man  in  wnnkleddotagej  repeating  v\  hat  some  monkish 
confessor  had  suggested,  it  is  little  worthy  of  our  attention.  ^Ve  must 
also  observe,  that  the  present  biography*]-  has  scarcely  met  the  ohjection  of 
Tyrwhitt,  "that  the  Romaunt  of  the  Rose  is  not  among  the  regretted 
pieces/'  nor  can  wc  agree  with  hi  in  that  it  ia  of  little  force.  If  a  short  or 
trifling  [voem  had  been  omitted,  we  might  have  passed  it  over  as  a  matter 
of  no  CO  use  que  nee  ;  but  a  production  so  comparatively  important  as 
"De  arte  Ainandi,  alias  the  Rom  aunt  of  the  Rose,"  the  most  celebrated 
poem  of  the  age,  as  well  as  the  longest,  could  surely  not  have  been  over- 
looked, at  least  in  fair  argument  we  have  no  right  to  sujipose  so*  .  .  .  The 
facts  of  history  too  often  seem  to  resemble  the  figures  seen  in  dreams  or 
disordered  visions,  which  at  hrst  bear  the  likeness  of  reality  and  truth, 
but,  as  we  approach  them  more  closely,  and  gaze  at  them  more  steadfastly, 
grow  fainter  in  colour,  lose  their  substantial  form  and  distinct  outline,  and 
at  last  melt  away  into  thin  air.  .  .  *  A5  an  instance  of  this,  in  the  history  be- 
fore lis,  almost  all  the  older  accounts  of  Chaucer  describe  him  as  living  at 
Woodstock*  Camden  says,  "  Oppidum  Woodstock^  cum  nihil  habeat 
cjuod  ostentet,  Homcrurn  nostrum  Anglicorum  G,  Chancerum  alumnum 
Gnum  fujsse  gloriatur,"  Baker  says,  **  Sir  (JeoftVey  Chaucer,  the  Homer 
of  our  nation,  who  found  as  sweet  a  muse  in  the  groves  of  W^oodstock  as 
the  ancients  did  upon  the  banks  of  Helicon."  Pits  says  boldly  that  he 
was  born  there  ;  "  A  pud  Woodstock^  non  longe  ab  Oxouio  in  Anglia  claris 
parentibus  natusj  patrem  habuit  equestris  oidinis  virum,  et  ipse  tandem 
anratus  factus  est  eques/*  Leland  writej^,  "  Ludovicum  reliquit  lia;redem 
fortiinarum  suarum,  quas  utcunqne  amplas  habuit,  et  pr^zcipue  viiia;  sutE 
VodirstockiS  reghiit  admudHm  vkims,*  Nov\'  it  appears  on  the  authority 
of  the  present  biography,  that  **  whether  Chaucer  ever  resided  at  Wood- 
stock cannot  be  determined  j  but  the  fact  is  very  unlikely,  and  the  o/i/y 
notice  of  that  place  in  his  work,  lias  no  relation  to  any  residence  of  his  own 
being  there.     He  says  that  the  Parliament  of  Birds 

**  Shall  be  wiUiout  nay 
The  morrow  after  Saitit  Valentiiies  dajr 
Under  a  mtule  that  is  faire  and  grene^ 
Before  the  chamber  window  uf  tlie  Quene, 
At  Wooditoeke  upon  the  grecuc  lay,'* 

It  18  also  said  by  Godwin  that  the  Duke  of  Lancaster  presented  hint 
with  DontngtoD  Castle,  near  Newbury  in  Berkshire,  with  the  intention, 
**  in  the  feudal  sense,  to  ennoble  him  I'*  I  Yet  there  are  strong  reasons 
for  believing  that  neither  Chaucer  nor  the  Duke  of  Lancaster  ever  jios* 
seseied  Donington  Castle  ;  and  now  we  have  ticated,  though  lightly,  and 
chiefly  following  the  track  of  the  biographer,  on  all  the  authentic  circum- 
itanccs  connected  with  the  lift?  of  Chaucer.  Perhaps  further  infomiarion 
may  hereafter  lie  discovered,  for  it  is  observed,  "  tliough  all  obvious,  and 
indeed  nil  probable,  sources  of  information  have  been  exhausted  for  this 
memoir^  many  facts  may  yet  be  discovered  of  him,  when  tlie  arrangement 


•  See  alto  Godwin**  Life  of  Chmcer,  0.  99  to  103  j  iv.  fiH,  169,  172. 
t  See  Godwin'!  Life  of  Chaucer*  \oh  iil.  p.  «1i3--l(M;,  17i. 
2 


18440 


Sir  H,  Nicolas 's  Ufe  efCkoffrfy  Chaucer, 


ir 


of  the  Public  Records,  now  in  progress,  shall  be  completed."*  As  fai"  as 
our  present  infortn;itioii  eictendSr  the  Life  before  us,  both  for  fullness  md 
acctiracy,  is  mut!h  to  be  preferred  to  nny  other.  It  is  vvntten  by  a  perton 
accustomed  to  historical  reBejirch,  aud  consequently  aware  of  the  value  of 
truths  of  the  respect  due  to  his  readers,  and  of  the  caution  with  which  com- 
mon traditions  are  to  be  received.  We  must  make  one  further  extract  from 
it,  ID  order  that  nothing  of  conseqaeace  relating  to  the  subject  may  be 
omitted. 


of  eQYoy  oa  uumerou^  foreign  miasioiUt 
of  Comptroller  of  the  CustomSr  of  Clerk 
of  the  Works,  nod  of  Member  ot  Parlia- 
ment. Nor  is  it  improbable  that  other 
duties  wore  eatriuted  to  him  both  by  the 
King  and  by  the  Duke  of  LaucasterJ* 


*' Though  known  to  posterity  only  as 
one  of  the  greatest  of  our  poets,  whose 
productions^  in  varietj,  merit,  and  eztentt 
would  seem  to  qfbrd  tuffieiwut  aecvpiition 
/or  the  lift  of  an  ordinary  man,  Chaucer 
tilled  the  various  itatioas  of  a  soldier,  of 
valet  and  csciuirc  of  the  King's  household, 

Now  on  this  sentence  we  shonld  make  the  observation^  that  there  was 
nothing  in  our  apprehension  in  any  of  the  offices  filled  or  duties  performed 
by  Chaucer,  which  wouhl  at  all  interfere  with  the  time  necessary  for  the 
composition  of  his  immortal  poems  ;  and  some  would  only  afford  him  those 
intervals  of  leisure  and  recreation  which  are  indispensable  in  that  mental 
toil  that  poetry,  such  as  his,  demanded .  He  was  a  soldier  only  for  a  very 
fihort  period ;  his  embassies  lasted  for  a  few  months  each  5  how  long 
lie  WU9  a  Member  of  Parliament,  and  how  dilig^'nt  in  his  othce,  we  know 
not }  but  we  know  that  he  performed  his  duty  as  comptrollor  of  the  customs 
by  deputy.  Besides,  his  various  oecupations  and  calls  into  the  w^orld 
must  have  been  to  him  the  richest  volitme  of  information  he  could  open,  for 
be  thus  enlarged  his  views  of  society*  and  increased  hia  knowledge  of  the 
charactera'of  men.  His  different  £>ituations  gave  him  an  entrance  into  every 
grade  and  rank  of  society^  from  the  noble  to  the  burgher^  the  franklin  and 
the  mechanic.  He  thus  gave  life,  animation,  and  truths  to  the  stock  of 
knowledge  which  he  had  previously  acquired  from  books.  "  Chaucer's  vein 
of  humour/'  says  Sir  figerton  Bry<lg>es,  *'  although  conspicuous  in  the 
Canterbury  Tales,  is  chiefly  displayed  in  the  characters  with  which  they 
i  are  introduced.  In  these  his  knowledge  of  the  world  availed  him  In  a 
pecuhar  degree,  and  enabled  him  to  give  such  an  accurate  pictui-c  of 
ancient  manners,  as  no  contemiwmry  nation  haj*  transmitted  to  posterity. 
It  is  here  that  we  view  the  pursuits  and  employment*!^  the  customs  and 
[  diversions  of  our  ancestors  copied  from  the  life  and  represented  with 
\  equal  truth  and  spirit  by  a  judge  of  mankind,  whose  penetration  may  well 
lea^l  him  to  discern  tlieir  foibles  or  discriminating  particularities,  and  by 
an  artist  who  understood  that  proper  selection  of  circumstunces  and  thoic 
predominant  characteristics  which  form  a  finished  portrait,  We  arc 
surprised  to  find  in  so  gross  and  ignorant  an  age  such  talents  for  satire 
and  for  observation  on  life/*  Stcf  The  scholar,  who  feeds  on  other  men's 
thoughts,  must  live  secluded  in  his  study  5  but  the  poet,  who  creates 
hU  own,  should  be  accustomed  to  walk  amid  the  varied  forms  of 
oature4  should  *' frequent  the  assemblies  of  the  people/*  aud   be  con- 


*  See  life,  p*  OK 

f  Vtd.  Tbeatnim  PoetAruin,  ed,  Brjrdgee^  p.  UK 

t  **  The  Romftn  de  k  Rose  had  many  general  beautica  of  the  kind  Lere  ipokea  of, 
fviza  beaatiei  of  natural  scenery).  It  is  remAfkable  that  these  passagei  loic  more 
than  any  others  in  passing  through  the  hands  of  Chaucer/*  r\d.  Essay  on  Landsca|>e. 
AnoD*  Pref.  xvii.  13mo. — a  curioua  fact,  if  true,  and  such  as  wc  should  not  expect. 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI.  D 


tt 


Sr  H,  Nicolas*8  Life  a/Gtoffrey  Chaucer, 


[Jan. 


mtmikt  mill  the  actioos  and  passions  of  matikind.     Petrarch  wrote  as 
■■d^,  and  finished  his  works  as  iaboriously  and  iDinutely.ais  Chaucer  did  ; 
hal   Petrarch  was   emphatically  a   man    of   the  worlds  ever  engaged  iii 
bMBCM  attd  jotinie)'iDgs,  and  eveu  in  hi^  sohtude  of  Vaucluse  living  more 
avid  tbe   6ekla  and   the   treea    than  m   his   room  j    in   liis   Later  life, 
vim  hm  ereoiDg  lamp  was  seen  twinkling  tlirongh  the   lattice  of  his 
dbMAer  al  Anjoa^  he  might  be  seen^  not  threading  the  mazes  of  harmony 
»  fJbe  conpositian  of  di^Bcult  can'^orii^  bnt  maintaining  a  correspondence 
«■  MA  nsfit^n  of  state  and  church  policy  with  tlie  princes  or  prelates  of 
tiair,    Wliellier  t^aittng  in  the  ante'chatnt>er  of  the  monarchy  or  carousing  in 
thetitrdb  of  the  hostelrie^  or  joining  in  the  dilTerent  debates  of  the  senate, 
Ckaattr  vai  a1«o  employed  in  studying  that  volume  of  bonndless  knowledge 
wyill  society  opened  to  him,  filled  with  the  deepest  learning  and  rich 
villi  all  the  gathered  stores  of  time.     One  gift,  says  Winfitanlevi  he  had 
abofe  all  other  authors  ;  and  that  is,  by  the  excellence  of  his  descriptions, 
to  poatess  his  readers  witli  a  stronger  imaginaiion  of  seeing  (hat  done  he* 
fi/re  their  eyes  which  they  read*  than    any  other  that  ever  writ  in   any 
toogne.     Again,  Mr*  Ascham  puttcth  him  nothing  behind  Thueydides  or 
Homer  for  his  lively  description  of  site  of  places  and  nature  of  persons, 
both  in  outward  shape  of  body  and  inward  disposition  of  mind,  8c c.     He 
had  (says  a  late  biographer)  one  excellency  above  ail  other  poetSj  and 
wherein  none  since  his  time  but  the  famous  Shakspere  has  come  near  him, 
via.  such  a  lively  description  of  persons  and  things,  that  it   seems  to 
surpass  imaginaiion,  and  y<7w   see  evert/thing  be/ore  your  eyes  which   you 
only  read.     Warton  speaks  of  Chaucer's  warmth  of  description  as  a  distin- 
gQishing  feature  of  his  poetry.    And,  in  truth,  every  description  by  Chaucer 
has  a  freth  out-of-door  open-air  look  with  it  j  it  has  the  light  of  the  sky 
upon   it :  to  him  the  market-place  was  a  practical  volume  of  moral  phi- 
losophy ;   his   embassy   to  Genoa   and    Florence,    a   rich    and    princely 
picture-book,  filled  with   the   costliest  forms  of  nature   and  art ;  and  his 
comptrollership    nf    the  customsj    an    excellent   tome   of    never-ending 
casuistry.     Our  greatest  writers   in    better  days   were  all   men  of  activt^ 
lives  i  look  at  Bacon,  Shukspere,  Raleigh,  Selden.     I'he  poets  Surrey  and 
Sidney  could  onshcath  the  sword  as  well  as  hold  the   pen.     Shakfipere 
read  men's  hearts,  and  Bon  Jonson  read  booksj    and  see  the  result   of 
their  different  labours.     The   most   unpoetical  situation    wliich  Chaucer 
held  was  supposed   to  be  that  of  the  Clerk  of  I  he  Works ,  but  even  that 
left  him  ample  leisore  for  his  gentler  pnrsuitSp     When  we  look  at  the  long 
array  of  %^olume  after  volume  of  Mr.  Wordsworth's  poetry,  we  see  how 
little  he  has  been  embarrassed  in  his  visitations  of  the  iimsc,  by  having 
been   half  of  his  life  *'  a  distributor  of  stamps."     The  first  feeling  after 
reading  the  works  of  a  poet,  is  the  desire  to  see  him  \  and  this  wish  is 
not  confined  alone  to  the  female  heart.     How  delightful  it  is  to  gaze  on 
the  clustering  locks  flowing  over  the  *'  mild  temples"  of  Milton  ;  or  to  look 
on  the  bright  quick  eye,  the  thin  visage^  and  the  thoughtful  features  of 
Pope  J  and,  though  we  are  denied  that  pleasure  where  most  we  should  have 
desired    it,    in   the    instance   of  Shakspere,  yet,    as    regards   the    poet 
before    us,  the  affection  of  Occleve   has  made  Chaucer's  person  better 
known  than  tliat  of  any  individual  of  his  age.     This  is  the  portrait  pre- 


4 

i 


I 


GcNlwiii  Mji,  **  It  m«]r  be  observed  of  Chaucer,  througboiit  hb  writings,  that  de- 
icriptiofi  aud  Imagery  wrre  not  the  elemrnt  of  \\\%  mind.  In  (his  re.^poct  lie  ran  by 
BO  aieaii*  enter  tlir  list  with  Spcnuer."    Life,  t.  iTT. 


181^] 


Sir  H*  Nicolas*s  Life  of  Geojrey  Chaucer. 


19 


I  lixerl  to  tills  memoir.  It  was  paiutcd  from  mcoiory  after  Chaiicer's  de- 
Jcease,  and  is  apparently  the  only  gctiiiitie  one  in  existence  i  for  tLat  pre- 
r  fixed  to  Mr.  I'odd's  1 II ust rations  we  take  to  be  a  rough  sketch  of  tLc 
ivortliy  arclideacon  biiusclf,  engaged  in  his  ecclesiastical  visitation  j  and 
ninny  of  the  other  portraits  mentioned  by  Sir  Harris  are  of  a  late  date, 
and  cither  degenerate  copies,  or  perliaps  altogether  fictitious.  The  present 
portrait  gives  a  well-fonned  countenance,*  and  a  quiet  composnre  of  feature, 
with  a  gentle  tlio  light  fulness  on  the  eye  and  brow,  aa  if  the  poet  was 
endeavouring  to  solve,  what  was  an  intricate  problem  in  those  days, 
whether  the  sun  went  round  the  earth,  or  the  earth  round  the  sun,  or 
whether  sometimes  the  oue  and  sometimes  the  other. 


**  AH   the   earl7   portraits/'    sajri    Sir 

Harris^  "  bear  much  resemblftnce  to  each 

other  I  and  the  probability^^  of  their  being 

f  itrODg  hkeoeaaes  id  increased  bj   their 

^reebg^    with     the    dejcriptiou    which 

[Chaucer  has  given  of  himself  in  the  Can- 


tcrbury  Tales  before  quoted,  wherein  he 
says  he  was  a  *  puppet/  *  sinall  and  fair 
of  face,*  aad  *  elnah/  that  is,  according 
to  Tyrwhitt,  shy  and  reserved  ;  and  that 
he  was  in  the  habit  of  looking  steadfaatly 
on  the  ground;" 


Although  we  do  not  enter  here  on  the  subject  of  Chaucer's  poetry,  on 
which  a  volume  might  be  written,   yet  wc  may  observe,  that  the   fame 
Lwhich  he  obtained  during  his  life  not  only  maintained  its  rank,  but  in- 
creased in   following  generations.     Numerous   iujpressiona   of  his  works 
rwcre  taken,  and  we  read  that  accomplished  and  elegant  courtiers  were 
erpetually  quoting  Chaucer  j    and  Warton   informs   us,  that  there  is  a 
^peculiar  reason  why  Chaucer,  exclusive  of  his  real  excellence,  should  have 
ipeen  the  favourite  of  a  Court  (i.  c,  Edward   the  Vlth's)  which   laid   the 
rfoundatiou    of  the   reformation    of    religion  :    it   was    that    his    poems 
^abounded  with  satirical  strokes  against  tlie  corruptions  of  the  cliurch,  and 
the  disaolutc  manners   of  the   monks  }  and  undoubtedly  Chaucer,  being 
a  lively  and  popular  writer^  greatly  assisted  the  doctrines  of  his  contem- 
Drary  Wickhffe  m  opcriir)g  the  eyes  of  the  people  to  the  absurdities  of 
opery,  and  exposing  its  intj>osjtions  in  a  vein  of  humour  and  pleasantr)% 
F*03c,  the  raartyrologist,  perhaps  goes  too  far  in  affirming  that  Cbaucer  has 
Nndeniably  proved  the  Pope  to  be  the  Antichrist  of  the  Apocalypse, 

Certainly  the  manner  in  which  Chaucer  attacked  **  the  careless  frater- 
j  tiities  of  the  Church/'  as  they  have  been  called,  obtained  for  hina  the  rank 
[of  a  religious  reformer,  and  enrolled  him  among  our  theological  writers. 
rHc  is  tliiis  described  in  a  list  of  Oxford  writers,  printed  in  1605  ;  and  in 
[the  sketcli  ot  Chaucer,  left  En  manuscript  by  Henry  Wharton,  and  pre- 
I  served  in  the  Jjambefh  Library,  he  is  said  to  be,  **  In  rebus  Theologicis 
lapprimfe  versatus,  de  ([uibus  acute  ati]ue  erudite  s^epius  disputat — in  cas- 
f  tioris  autem  Theologize  studio,  nulloa  fere  non  sni  temporis  Theologos  ante 
|eelluit,  ^Vicklihi  dogmata  lit  plurime  secutus.  et  infucatam  et  genuinam 
pietatem  sccutua/'f  &c. 


*  We  beg  to  inform  the  ladici  who  honour  our  pages  with  their  perusal,  that  Dr.  Joseph 
iWarton,  in  his  Essay  on  Pope,  says,  that  many  of  our  English  poets  have  beenm  their 
r persona  remarkably  handsome.  Such  were  Spenser,  Milton,  Cowley,  Rowe,  Addison, 
rfcongrevc,  Garth^  Gray,  fltc*  vol,  II.  p.  289.  ;  but  in  oiir  copy  of  the  work  which  waa 
pHorace  Walpole^s,  he  ba»  written  his  dissent  from  Warton's  aascrtton,  in  one  or  two 
Jnatonces.  The  portrait  of  Congrevc,  as  seen  m  his  picture  in  the  Kit-Cat-Cluh|  ia 
eminently  handiome  and  pleaaing* 

f  See  Todd' a  Sketches ^  p.  xxxTii* 


Alaeander  ie  Bernmf.^Mr.  Roche" $  Mind. 


20 


Mb.  Urban,  Cork,  Dee.  18. 

I  OBSERVE  ia  jour  Minor  Cor- 
reflpondeace  an  inquiry,  from  a  "  Sub- 
scriber for  Twenty  Years/'  relative  to 
the  arms  and  name  of  De  Bernay.  The 
arms  are  not  described/  but  the  name, 
I  may  tell  him,  is  historically  known 
by  a  single  bearer  of  it — Alexander  de 
Bernay,  born  about  the  year  1150,  in 
the  town  of  Bernav  in  Normandy,  now 
the  "  D<<paiteracnt  de  TEure."  He 
largely  contributed  to  various  poems, 
but  particularly  to  the  "  Roman 
d'Alezandre," — an  imitation  of  Quin- 
tus  Curtius — but  understood  to  be  a 
translation  of  an  old  Latin  Romance. 
"  Liber  Alexandri  Magni  de  Pr«liis." 
The  poem  of  Alejeandre  had  been  pre- 
viously commenced  by  an  unknown 
writer,  who  first  used,  it  would  appear, 
the  heroic  verse,  called  Alexandrine, 
from  the  subject  of  the  work.  An 
abridgment  was  published  in  the  six- 
teenth  century,  and  appeared  at  Paris 
and  Lyons  under  the  title  of  "His- 
toire  du  trcs  noble  et  trcs  vaillant 
loy  Alexandre  Ic  Grant,  jadis  roy  et 
■cigncur  de  tout  le  mondc,"  &c.  Or, 
as  in  another  old  edition,  "  C-y  co- 
mcnce  Ihystoirc  du  trcs  vaillant  et 
noble  prrux  et  hardy  roy  Alvxadre  le 
gr*t."  De  Bernay  (also' called  Alex- 
andre de  raiis)  co-uperatod  with  an 
EnKlishman,  Thomas  de  Kent,  in 
another  pocm-^"  Li  Roumans  di  Tote 
Chcvalcric,  ou  la  Oeste  d'Alexandrc, 
par  Thomas  de  Kent/' — of  which  men- 
tion will  be  found  in  the  Due  de  la 
VnlliiTe'H  manuHcripts  in  the  Roval 
Library,  No.  2,702.  Its  origin  is  tlius 
expressed. 

"  l>*un  Im)d  \VtTt  rn  latin  fit  rest  trsnslttftneiit. 
Qui  miinnoiu  demsudt,  Thomas  ai  nom  dc 

The  language,  says  the  late  M. 
Roc|uefurt,  is  the  Norman  French, 
even  then,  though  used  in  our  courts 
of  royally  Ami  law.  much  corrupted. 

*  Our  foriiirr  correspondent  furnished 
US  with  nn  liiiprcssi<in  of  the  arms  on  the 
hook  of  prnyrrs.  An  far  as  they  can  be 
hMf  rininrfl,  I  hey  arc  ns  follow :  Quar- 
li-rly  of  four  i  I .  three  ilogn  ruurant,  two 
anil  otin ;  'i.  n  lion  {mNsant  guardant 
(Townrd  ;  '1.  n  lion  rampant ;  4.  defaced. 
Hii    nn    InnNrutrhnHii    Ihn^e    ham,   ap- 

iiarriiily  frrlty.  Tlio  sliii'ld  surmounted 
7  »  hi^iiirl,  filfronl'M*,  with  opt'u  Imrs,  as 
M*u«|  nliroiitl,  hut  here  ronfmed  to  the 
*^wel|u  \  without  any  croil.— Edit. 


ihM. 


At  this  moment  the  works  of  a 
modern  poet.  Gamine  Bemmy,  ne 
passing  through  the  Parisian  picM; 
but  he  is  as  yet  little  known. 

The  "  Roman  Cath<^c  Book  d 
Prayers,"  found  by  your  correspond- 
ent, is  doubtless  one  of  the  Hm% 
which,  shortly  after  the  invention  of 
printing,  replaced  the  previous  msas- 
scripts,  and,  like  them«  were  genenDf 
on  vellum,  with  various  decorations- 
arabesques,  &c.  so  attractively  ds* 
scribed  in  Dr.  Dibdin's  Decaauroi^ 
(Second  Day.)  The  chief  printers  wm 
Simon  Vostre,  who  began  ahont  thsjmr 
1486,  Antoine  Verard,  Thiehnan«  Kv- 
ver,  Hardonin,  Eustace,  te.  in  Vm\ 
and  a  few  proceeded  from  the  innrinriri 
presses.  Missals,  Breriarica,  Fnm 
Pite,  with  other  devotional  iiilaf. 
received  similar  embellishmenfei;  W 
no  effort  of  the  press  haa  eqnalled  soai 
of  the  preceding  elabomtiona  af  fti 
pen  and  pencil,  each  aa  the  celsbnfliri 
Bedford  Missal,  which,  a  law  jm 
since,  cost  Sir  John  Tobin  of  LifV- 
pool  about  l,200f.  (indodingchaiiiO 
and  others.  Yet  even  that  baaam 
specimen  of  industry  and  art  ii^  1 
think,  surpassed  by  a 
Missal  in  the  possession  of  mj  i 
hour,  Ed.  Roche,  esq.  of  TaU^m, 
the  father  of  our  county  repreaenlitiff^ 
Ed.  Burko  Roche,  esq.  It  «il 
obtained  at  Florence*  by  the  hto  Gb- 
louel  Roche,  from  a  convent  dmi^f 
the  French  invasion  in  1796-  i  ^Kve 
never  seen  any  thing  more  spleattl  of 
the  kind,  though  I  carefully  ia 
the  Bedford  article.  But  I 
larly  advert  to  the  eiqaisite  ] 
that  adorn  the  work,  less  na 
indeed,  because  the  volume  is  of  sisa* 
derer  dimensions,  than  those  whkh 
enrich  its  celebrated  compeer.  Una 
small  and  rather  thin  folio.  Msay 
years,  however,  have  passed  since  mf 
old  friend.  Colonel  Roche,  shewed  it 
to  me  for  examination.  He  was  a 
gentleman  of  taste  and  fortune ;  whib 
the  inmates  of,  or  rather  refugees  fironif 
the  Florentine  Monastery,  were  fiir- 
tunate  in  finding  such  a  purchaser  fo 
their  property,  possessed  and  cherishsi 
for  ages,  in  place  of  its  forcible  traas- 
ference,  with  the  numerous  other  spoiii 
of  conquest,  to  Paris,  by  Bonaparte^  tf 
that  period. 

Yoars«  Ice.    J.  R. 


•:•.:: 


mmmmmmtammaHmmim 


OXNEAD  HALL.  NORFOLK, 


Mr.  Urbaiy^ 


SpfingfieM  near 
OkAm^rd,  Dec.  6, 
WILL  you  allow  me  to  lay  before 

your  readers  sotne  particulars  relating 
to  Oxnead  Hall  in  Norfolk,  formerly 
the  seat  of  the  Pastons,  Earls  of  Yar- 
mouth* 

It  was  \n  the  year  1809  that  I  made 
a  drawing  of  the  Old  Hail  as  it  stood 
before  tt  wta  taken  down*  This  was 
publt&hed  in  Mr.  Britton's  Architec* 
tural  Antiquities  ;  but  I  have  since  dis- 
covered that,  instead  of  one,  the  origi- 
nal roof  had  two  stories  of  garrets, 
like  those  of  Irmingland,  Heydon,  and 
Barnlngbam  Halls  in  Norfolk,  and 
Wakehurst  in  Sussex. 

I  likewise  inclose  a  sketch  of  the 
Fountain  formerly  at  Oxnead«  which 
had  for  more  than  half  a  century  been 
half  concealed  among  the  rubbish  in 
Blickling  Park  ;  it  was  lately  restored, 
and  placed  in  the  flower* garden  ad* 
joining  to  Blickling  Hall. 

Oinead  Hall  was  built  by  Clement 
Pa&ton,  the  fourth  son  of  Sir  William 
Pa»ton,  knight,  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth ;  and  it  continued  the  prin- 
cipal seat  of  that  family,  whose  name 
haa  been  rendered  so  celebrated  by  the 
CorreapoDdencc  of  its  early  members, 
edited  by  Sir  John  Fenn. 

The  original  building  ia  described  tn 


thf  Oround-plan.  The  portion  marked 
L  Wtta  erected  by  the  first  Earl  of  Yar- 
mouth to  receive  King  Charles  IL  and 
his  attendants^  who  visited  Oxoead  IQ 
I67t5;  it  was  a  lofty  building,  with 
»aah-windows,  called  the  Banquettiug- 
room*  Underneath  this  was  a  vaulted 
apartment,  which  was  called  the  FrU* 
k^ttin^  roofti,  probably  from  the  Italian 
"  freftcati,"  a  cool  grotto. 

Wiliam  Poston,  the  second  Earl  of 
Yarmouth,  and  last  of  his  familyi  died 
in  1732,  leaving  bis  estates  to  be  sold 
for  the  payment  of  his  debts.  They 
were  purchased  by  the  celebrated  Lord 
Anson,  fit  is  stated  by  Mr,  Dawson 
Turner  in  his  recent  History  of  Caister,) 
•'after  his  return  from  hia  voyage 
round  the  world."  This  was  in  1744. 
The  greater  part  of  this  magnificent 
mansion  was  shortly  after  taken  down« 
Oxnead  Hail  is  now  in  the  poMesstos 
of  Sir  Edward  Hardinge  Straccy,  B«rt«  J 
It  was  for  many  years  occupied  by  m'f] 
late  uncle,  J  ohn  Repton,  esq.  who  died 
in  1909. 

The  only  remains  of  this  formerly  ^ 
magnificent  mansion  are  the  offices  at 
the  east  end,  and  the  barn,  with  three 
noble  stacks  of  chlmnies  ;  each  stack 
contained  four  shafts,  of  which  onlyj 
the  bases  remain,  but,  from  a  single 
brick  with  a  cross  on  the  edge,  which 


O J.' Head  HaUf  Norfbik, 


[Jau, 


I  discovered  a  few  years  ago.  the 
chimiiey  shafts  1  ituagine  to  have  been 
formerly  highly  enriched. 

It  may  be  wortli  while  to  meDlioii 
that  the  windows  of  Oxnead  Hall  are 
only  tliirteen  inches  wide  {L  e,  the 
glass  between  the  fnunmons),  although 
the  munnwnn  themselves  are  at  least 
five  inches  broad >  Giber  old  mansiuns 
in  Norfolk  of  the  same  date  have  the 


glass  caseoQcuts  filtecn  or  sixteen 
inches  wide,  aod,  when  succeeded  by 
[lanes  of  plate  glass,  are  not  disagree- 
able to  their  modem  inhabitants.  But 
in  the  mansions  of  the  end  of  Eliza- 
beth's or  beginning  of  James  the 
First's  reign,  the  caaementa  exceed 
seventeen  or  eighteen  inches  wide,  as 
at  BlicLling,  Longleat^  &c. 


S   i?    «^  f^  2   a.^  ^  S.^  3t  ^    a 


*   ^ 
'@,#- 


C«rden. 


Gftnltfii  mid 
Urchard. 


>*i  9  9m  w  ■■'■  lift* 


FoatitAiD. 

RtfirmceM  to  the  Phv, 
A.  The   entrance   through  the  stable- 
court  wiLh  the  porter's  lodgcf,   and  four 
recesses  for  benches  at  B.  B.  B.  B.  for  the 
poor.     C«  C.  the  barns. 

D.  The  stables,  with  a  horse-patsage 
through  the  house »  E.  £* 

F.  Kitchen  and  offices,  &c* 

G.  The  great  Hall,  with  a  screen*  (The 
remains  of  the  screen  arc  now  In  one  of 
the  stables.) 

H,  The  Chapel.     I.  Apurtmeots. 
K,  Dining-room,  with  a  hoil-room  over, 
L.  The  Banquet  ting-room  I  built  to  re- 
oeite  King  Cbailes  U. ;  with  a  »cr«w  &toir* 


Gartlpn^with  a 
Cabinet  ile  Verdure, 


M.  The  upper  terrace,  with  a  statue  of 
Cerberus,  which  was  afterwards  removed 
to  Thorpe  J  near  Norwich. 

N«  Tlic  lower  terrace. 

O.  Tim  partcrre-gftrden,  whidi  was 
formerly  orriaiuentcd  with  a  fountain  and 
several  statues.  (The  fountain  is  now  in 
the  flower  garden  at  Blickling,  and  the 
statues  in  thejmrk.) 

P,  and  Q*  Two  oaks,  still  remjuntng. 

There  were  formerly  three  great 
avenues  j  the  principal  one  extended 
from  the  centre  of  the  hall  northward 
towards  Skeyton,  about  half  a  mile  in 
length.  The  second  avenue  began  at 
the  cast  cad  of  the  barns^  and  reached 


18440 


Inventory  of  Ornamental  Plate,  4  c* 


23 


I 
I 


BaitoD  churcli.  The  third  ran  behind 
the  raunsiou  from  east  to  west.  Only 
two  of  the  old  oaks  (as  noticed  in  the 
plan)  still  lemain  ;  each  measures,  at 
six  feet  from  the  ground,  thirteen  or 
fourteen  feet  in  circumference-  The 
leaves  appear  in  a  very  healthy  state ; 
httt  the  lop  of  one  tree  is  gone. 

With  these  remarks  I  send  a  curious 
manuscript  lately  found  among  some  old 
papers.  It  i^  a  portion  of  an  invenlorVi 
containing  a  catalogue  of  ornamental 
plate  and  other  curiosities,  and  is  sup- 
posed to  have  heen  written  by  one  of 
the  Pastons,  before  their  elevation  to 
the  peerage^  which  was  in  1673, 

Among  the  articles  in  the  catalogue 
is  '*  A  shell  standing  upon  three  dol- 
phins;" most  probably  an  object  of 
great  beauty  and  taste.  The  orca- 
ments  of  dolphins  which  prevailed 
about  the  reign  of  Henry  VIIL  and 
Edward  VI,  are  often  very  graceful, 
and  are  frequently  seen  in  arabesque 
work. 
Yours,  &c.    John  Aoby  Repton. 

Imwentory  of  Ornamentat  Piate^  ^*c, 
/ormeriy  at  Osnead  Hali. 

IXffte^—The  MS.  extends  from  fols.  2 
vo  9 ;  the  rest  is  lost.] 

One  mother  of  pcarle  botle,  each  sidti 
the  fsthioa  of  a  sw[an  ?  with  a]  silver  and 
gilt  foQte,  and  a  silver  and  gilt  statue 
upoa  the  top* 

One  mother  of  penrle  basin,  with  a  silver 
l^iU  ledge  on  the. ....  * .  with  a  silver  dish 
in  it,  with  a  foot  gilt  about  the  edge  uf 
Ike  topp,  engraven  all  over  la  the  niidle. 
A  mother  of  pearlc  ure. 

A  mother  of  pearle  diah,  all  set  in  scol- 
]op«,  with  silver  and  gilt  foot,  a  crieUill 
ball  funding  upright  in  the  midle,  carved. 

A  title  mother  of  pcarle  cup,  with  a 
silver  and  gilt  ledge,  topt  and  foot. 

Slie  mother  of  pearle  dishes,  whiuh 
»ome  of  the  shells  stand  upon. 

A  piire  of  c:oakcr-*hcU  cups  with  covers^ 
in  the  midle  of  the  covers  agnte-&tones 
in  eaamcU»  with  a  gold  knob  of  the 

A  p«rc  of  shcU  cups  with  covers,  ivory 
\p»i  and  ledges. 

A  slieU  cap,  set  in  a  frame,  and  handle 
and  cover  of  silver  and  gold,  the  foote, 
(rAnne,  cod  cover  being  garnished  with 
•mrrall  kiods  of  cutt  stones. 

A  shell  cop  set  in  a  carved  and  silver 
^filt  frame  and  foot  and  cover,  a  p€tce  of 
lUU    in    the   midie  of  the  rover,   ^ct, 
iM  idvcr  ntid  gilt  knoUb  in  the  miilte. 


A  greene  shell-kan,  set  in  a  silver  nnd 
gilt  framCf  with  a  cover* 

A  title  shell  cup  with  a  silver  and  gilt 
frame. 

2  sheiks  spoone-fsshiunedr  with  silver 
feet,  and  crinkle  handles, 

A  blew  jar  with  knobbs,  silver  and  gilt 
top. 

A  cristall  botle  sett  in  silver  and  gilt. 
A  cTistall  kun,  with  an  eBomcld  foote, 
ledge*  and  handle. 

A  long  eristall  ghssCt  witli  a  cover  en- 
graven, a  silver  and  gilt  ledge  on  the  foot. 
A  cnstall  cup  G-square,  set  in  a  silver 
and  gilt  fnime,  and  enametd  knob  on  the 
top. 

A  silver  and  gilt  carved  cup,  a  cristall 
foot  and  h  otto  me  ^  garnished  nbout  the 
sides  and  cover  with  severall  stones,  with 
a  statoe  upon  it. 

A  cri stall  cup^  with  a  silver  and  gilt 
foot  and  ledge,  a  crystall  cover  with  a 
silver  and  gilt  knob  in  the  mtdle. 

A  criijtal]  tankard,  set  m  a  carved  and 
silver  and  gilt  frame,  with  a  cover  and 
one  handle. 

A  cri  stall  tankard  with  a  crisCall  cover, 
set  in  a  silver  and  gilt  frame  with  2 
handles f  a  flying  horse  on  tlie  top. 
A  paire  of  criatall  candlesticks. 
A  great  cristall  ball  set  ujxin  an  ebony 
pedestall,  with  B  litle  crista] t  ball;^  round 
about  the  edges. 

An  agate  tanker  set  in  a  silver  snd  gilt 
frame^  with  one  handle,  and  cover. 
Upon  the  crcast  over  the  doore,  and  so 

round. 
A  round  cup  of  a  darke  colour  set  in 
silver  and  gilt. 

A  mother  of  pearle  shell  sett  ypon  a 
figure,  set  in  silver  and  gilt. 

A  red  Indiun  cup  black e  about  y'  edge. 
A  mother  of  pearle  fiower-pott  set  in 
silver  and  gilt. 

A  red  Indian  cup  blacke  about  y«  edge. 
A  shell  upon  a  stiver  foott. 
A  speckle  shell  botle  sett  in  silver. 
A  black  Indian  botle  set  in  silver,  with 
a  chaine. 

A  rock,  with  branches  of  red  corrall 
upon  it. 

A  speckle  shell  cupp. 
A  red  Indian  shell,  silver  and  gilt  about 
the  edge. 

A  jessimy  tankard  set  in  silver. 
A  mother  of  pearle  shell  set  In  silver^ 
with  a  figure  upon  it. 

A  greenish  flowcr-pott  set  in  silver  and 
gilt. 

A  black  shell  cup  with  a  silver  edge. 
A  white  bhell  in  a  silver  franie»  tanker 
faiihion. 

A  litlr  cup  standing  ii>  ji  lille  silver 
baskctt. 


u 


OrmmmtMl  Pkte,  «f  .  at  Otmead  Hail 


[J« 


A  lirowne  botte,  set  In  i  lUver  frame, 
with  a  bUckmoores  head  upon  it. 

A  greene  cap  set  in  aUver  frame. 

A  mother  of  pearle  ship  shell  engrsren. 

A  browne  cup  set  in  iUTer  and  gilt. 

A  shell  fashioned  Uke  a  erane,  nlrer 
andgUt. 

A  red  Indian  cup  with  a  white  rim,  and 
cover  upon  it. 

A  knotted  wood  cnp  set  in  rilver,  with 

a  cover  upon  it. 

A  black  shell  boole  aett  in  silver. 

A  running  horse,  gilt 

A  shell  set  upon  a  silver  figure. 

A  shell  cup  with  a  silver  frame. 

A  speckle  shell  cup  in  a  silver  and  gilt 
frame,  with  2  handles  and  cover. 

A  red  Indian  cup  with  a  black  rim. 

A  browne  speckle  cup,  silver  and  gilt 
foot  and  rim. 

A  black  cup  with  silver  and  gilt  rim. 

A  greenish  flower  pott  sett  in  silver  and 
gUt. 

A  red  Indian  cup  with  a  white  rim,  and 
oover  upon  it. 

A  stone  pott,  silver  and  gilt  top  and 
dudne. 

A  mother  of  pearle  shell  engraven,  with 
a  silver  fbot. 

A  speckle  bottle  with  a  silver  and  gilt 
top. 

A  white  shell  cup  with  3  handles  and 
cover. 

A  gilded  horse. 

A  browne  cup  in  a  silver  and  gilt  frame. 

A  red  Indian  bottle  with  an  ivory  foot 
and  top. 

In  the  comer. 

A  browne  nodden  cup,  with  a  silver  and 
gih  rime  and  foot. 

On  that  side  of  the  creaat,  right  againe 
the  windowes. 

An  horse  in  a  feeding  posture,  gilded. 

A  red  speckle  shell  standing  upon  a 
silver  foot. 

A  litle  Indiun  cup  turned  downe. 

A  white  shell  cup  with  2  handles. 

A  litle  Indian  boze. 

^^I^  apeckled  shell  with  a  silver  and 
gilt  foot. 

A  brazen  figure  of  our  Lady  with  our 
A  ^'  and  John  Baptist. 
A  browne  cup  with  an  ivory  frame,  and 
*  eares. 

.    ^  ««ddish  sheU  cup  with  an  high  topp, 
"^Jf/l^erandgUtfrSme. 

A  litle  browne  cup  in  a  silver  frame. 

A  gippan  of  Portingall  earth. 

A  speck  aheU  etanding  vpon  a  griffin. 

A  mother  of  pearle  flower  pott,  inlaid 
^aasUverandgUtframe. 
»  Wa^S^"^®^'  ^th  a  socket  for  a  candle 


A  white  egg  pot,  tuiker  fhihioa,  in  a 
silver  and  gOt  frame. 
A  horse  gilded,  in  a  runing  poatore. 
A  mother  of  pearle  botle,  set  in  silver 
and  gilt. 

A  red  Indian  kan  in  a  silver  frame, 
handle  and  cover. 

A  great  stone  flower  pott  in  silver  and 
gilt  fhmie,  witii  S  syrenes  upon  it. 

A  red  Indian  pott  with  a  aQver  and  gOt 
frame,  cover  and  handle. 

A  moUier  of  pearle  botle,  set  in  dbrer 
and  gilt. 

A  gilded  horse  in  a  feeding  posture. 
A  white  egg  pott,  tanker  fiuhiona  In  a 
silver  and  gilt  frame. 

A  boy  gUded,  with  a  sockett  for  a  candle 
in  his  hand. 

A  mother  of  pearle  flower  pott,  inlaid 
in  a  silver  and  gilt  frame. 

A  shell  standing  on  a  dolphin,  silver 
and  gilt,  with  a  silver  and  gilt  figure  upon 
the  top. 

A  gourd  botle,  engraven,  with  a  silver 
and  gUt  top. 

A  red  Indian  pott  in  a  silver  frame, 
handle  and  cover. 

A  great  browne  cup  in  a  silver  and  gilt 
fhune,  the  handles  y*  fashion  of  snakes. 
A  red  Indian  bo»B. 

A  shell  standing  on  a  dolphin,  silver 
and  gilt,  with  a  silver  and  gilt  figure  upon 
the  top. 

A  red  Indian  botle  with  a  silver  firame. 
A  litle  browne  botle  set  in  silver  frame. 
A  browne  tankard  with  an  ivory  handle. 
A  shell  standing  upon  3  dolphins. 
A  black   cupp  with  an  ivory  rim  and 
foot. 
A  gourd  botle  with  a  silver  fr«me. 
A  red  Indian  kan    with    black  edge 
about  it. 

A  woodden  cup  with  an  ivory  foot  and 
top. 

A  browne  shell,  silver  and  gilt  foot,  in 
the  fashion  of  a  snake. 

A  shell,  engraven  with  the  story  of 
Atalanta,  standing  upon  an  eagle's  foot  of 
silver. 

In  the  corner.  A  gilded  horse  in  a  trott- 
ing posture. 

On  the  left  side  of  the  chimney,  on  the 
creast. 
A  mother  of  pearle  flower  pott,  inlaid 
in  a  silver  and  gilt  frame. 
A  shell  cup,  enameld. 
A  litle  red  gourd. 

A  shell  fashioned  like  a  crane,  silver 
andgUt. 
A  shell  cup,  enameld 
A  litle  red  Indian  cup. 
A  mother  of  pearle  flower  pott,  inlaid 
in  a  silver  and  gilt  frame. 

(7b  6e  conlfntiecf.) 


1844*] 


25 


miromT  09  im^jll  FmocisDiaros  nr  wrancu,  for  thy  mmeovsur  09  a  tHmnts 

IMPROPKlLtY  aiMOVKiy  FRDK  A  CHVUCH. 

{Extracted  from  the  Bulletin  Arcb^olo^qne  published  by  the  Ubtoricnl  Committfe 
of  Arts  and  MonumeQts,  ^ud  vol.  6  No.  pp»  42ti  to  433.     1843.] 


THE  Secretary  aDoouncea  tbat  the 
afiair  relative  to  the  alirine  of  La 
Gu^ne  (Curr^zze)  is  termitiated*  la 
tbe  month  of  November  1841  the  pa- 
rochial mioister  {d^MMruani)  and  the 
mayor  of  La  Gu^ne  clandestinely  sold 
the  shrine  of  St  Calminius,  the  patron 
saint  of  the  parish^  to  a  brazier  of 
Limoges,  This  ehrine  is  ooe  of  the 
moat  precious  ia  this  conotry^  which 
DOW  poiseises  only  one  other  of  such 
great  vaioe.  Having  been  informed 
of  this  misdeed  by  M.  Texier^  the  cur^ 
of  Auriat  (Creusc),  who  is  engaged  in 
making  rcskcarches  respecting  the  an* 
cient  Limousin  enamels,  M.  Didron 
drew  up  a  protest  against  this  illegal 
sale.  On  the  1 5th  of  December  1$41 
he  published  the  letter  which  he  had 
writtt  n  to  M.  Texier  on  the  sobject, 
and  d enounced  before  the  Keeper  of 
the  Seals  the  conduct  of  the  mayor 
and  the  parochial  minister  of  La 
Gu^ne.  On  the  17th  of  December 
the  Minister  of  Public  Worship  made 
known  that  he  had  requested  of  his 
Grace  the  Bishop  of  Tulle  to  furnish 
him  with  the  requisite  proofs,  in  order 
to  attach  as  much  consequence  to  the 
affair  as  possible.  The  receipt  of  these 
documents  confirmed  the  fact  of  the 
sale  having  been  unlawful.  Mean- 
while M.  Miniefp  the  person  who  bad 
clandeatlaely  purchased  the  shrine, 
hastened  with  it  to  Paris,  asking 
3000  franc-*  of  the  virtuosi  for  that 
which  lie  had  bought  at  the  uncoo- 
scionable  price  of  250  francs.  He 
made  a  great  stir  about  this  shrine. 
He  exposed  it  to  public  view  in  the 
Hall  of  Sale  in  the  Aue  des  Jedoeurs  ; 
he  made  poblic  his  own  shameful 
conduct  i  and,  in  fact,  sold  the  shriue 
for  3000  francs  to  M.  Joyan,  a  Pa- 
risian curiosity  broker.  Whilst  this 
object  was  being  thus  openly  exposed, 
not  only  to  the  veneration  of  the 
faithful  as  heretofore,  but  as  well  to 
the  cupidity  of  the  brokers,  M. 
Didron  went  to  see  it*  and  drew  up  a 
description  of  it,  which  was  published 
on  the  15th  of  January,  1842.  The 
government,  who  were  watching  the 
fate  of  the  shrine  in  order  to  prevent 
GsNT.  Mao*  \ou  XXL 


its  being  taken  oat  of  France^  pro- 
cured  from  the  Council  of  Public 
Buildings,  a  "  proces  en  revendication'* 
to  be  brought  against  M.  Minier.  On 
this  the  Keeper  of  the  Seals,  in  virtue 
of  an  "  ord  on  nance  de  refer^  "  given 
by  the  President  of  the  Civit  Tribunal 
of  the  Seine,  caused  the  shrine  to  be 
sequestrated,  and  deposited  in  the 
Hall  of  the  "  Commissaires-priseura/' 
The  accusation  by  the  Council  of 
Public  Buildings  of  M.  Lassatvanie, 
the  mayor  of  La  Gu^ne,  M.  Laygue, 
the  minister  of  the  parish,  (the  two 
vendors,)  and  of  M,  Minier^  the  brazier 
of  Limoges,  (the  purchaser,)  cam« 
before  the  Civil  Tribunal  of  Tulle. 
The  cause  attracted  a  much  more 
□umeroas  auditory  than  is  usually 
seen  in  this  court,  and  in  the  month 
of  June  last,  after  pleadings  which 
excited  the  most  lively  interest^  the 
following  judgment  was  given.  M. 
Lanot,  the  Advocate  of  the  Council  of 
Public  Edifices  of  La  Gudne,  spoke  as 
follows : 

''  Messieurs :  The  remonitfanee  of  tte 
Couadl  of  Public  Buildinga  rscxMOBiDeDdb 
ilitelf  to  your  attention  by  considermtiooA  of 
the  highest  importance.  The  lowly  church 
of  Ls  Guene  possessed  a  shrine  vrhichi 
according  to  trsdition,  coatsined  the  relies 
of  St.  Cidminius.    Thi^  monument  drew 
the  admiration  of  the  srtkt  on  account  of 
its  figures  in  relief,  the  beauty  and  finisli 
of  iu   decorations,   the  richness    of   its 
jewels,  sjid  the  beautiful  coucord  of  its 
parts,  which  appertain  to  the  style  of  the 
Bysautine  school.*      But,  for  the  inhahi- 
i«ots  of  this  quiet  re0on,  there  Is  no  price 
which  in  th  '  s  ould  oomp«D- 

sata  them  t  :  of  antiquity, 

for  it  conntx..  ....uu  .v,.«  i.Udr  nsemories 

by  the  most  endearing  ties,  which  arc 
trans mitted  from  age  to  age  with  all  thctir 
religious  feelings. 

**  The  Mmfstar  of  the  Commone,  who, 
from  the  nature  of  his  functions,  is  es- 
tablished as  the  chief  and  most  TJgihuit 
guardian  of  all  holy  things,  one  day  forgot 


*  M.  Lanot  is  in  error  here  ;  the  shrine 
is  Roman  and  Limousin,  and  by  no  means 
Bysaatine. — Note  of  the  Secretory  of  the 
Committee. 

£ 


Shrine  of  SL  Calminius  a  I  La  Guine, 


rjan* 


bimtelf.     He  bii  putcd  vith  this  monu- 
nent  of  piety  to  a  broker,  who  hai  resold 
it  at  &a  eaonaoiu  profit  to  M.  Joyatii  & 
cariosity  dealer  at  Parii.   The  bol  j  e^i^ce, 
stripped  of  it«  glory  without  her  knowledge, 
and  m  jpite  of  berselft  InTokes  the  law, 
who  defends  her  property.     She  asks  for 
the  restoration  of  this  precious  reliC}  which 
to  the  feelings  of  all  the  country  around 
wu  a  source  of  coasolatioQ  and  of  hope. 
This  pious  disposition  is  readily  justified 
hy  the  recollect!  a  OS  which  it  awakens  of 
this  holy  personage.     Tbe  chronicles  and 
legends  which  have  circulated  thrQU|!:hout 
the  country  represent  him  as  a  grand  dig* 
nitary  of  the  RomsEi  empire  under  tlie 
reign  of  the  Emperor  Justiaiao,  invested 
with  the  government  of  Aquitainet  and 
there   planting  and   cstablishmg  the  im- 
inortal  code  which  has  so  long  governed 
the  worlds  and  which   still  remains  tbe 
written  law  of  tbe  unirerse.     But  what  is 
still  more  worthy  to  be  remarkedi  it  is  re^ 
lited  of  him  that,  seeing  the  wretchedness 
which  afflicted  the  population  which  he 
governed,  be  shook  off,  as  if  by  divine  in- 
spiration, tlieburtbenof  public afiairs,  and, 
acceptiug  the  holiest  of  all  miasionSt  he  dc* 
prived  himself  of  bU  immeDse  wealth  and 
emoluments^    and    thenceforth   employed 
bimaelfinrelicvingj  comforting,  and  moral- 
ising a  whole  people,  before  plunged  in  tbe 
deepest  barbarism.   Should  tbe  chronicles 
be  suspected  of  exaggeration  ou  this  sub* 
ject,  I  can  produce  the  moat  undeniable 
historical  documents  to  attest  their  trulli, 
Baltiset  foUawing  Mubilloii,  tells  us  that 
St,   Cfllminius  douris^bcd   in  tbe   seventh 
century,  and  that  be  founded  the  monas-* 
tery  of  Tulle.     By  cstabliabing  this  mo- 
nastery be  laid  tbe  foundation  of  a  town. 
The  same  author  has  preserved  to  us  the 
Tecords  of  a  great  numher  of  endowments, 
of  donations,    and    of  vast    benebts,    of 
which,  in  the  tenth  century t  La  Gui^ne  was 
the  object r  and  al!  in  honour  of  St.  Cal* 
mlnias.      And    one  learns  by   historical 
data  how  considerable   a  person   be  was 
•mongst  the  peo]de  of  tbe  i3*riod  in  which 
he  flourished;  and  that  his  name  should 
still  continue  to  live  in  the  memories  of 
the  inhabitants  of  La  Gul'uc,  of  which  he 
I  Vu  to  great  a  benefactor.'^ 

After  thcs«  general  remarks,  the 
learned  advocate  gave  a  rapid  expose 
of  the  circumstances  connected  with 
the  carrying  off  tho  ahrlne.  He  thus 
continued  i 

"  Mt  Mlaier  li  an  Ironmonger  at  Li- 
moges I  he  trafftea  also  in  antiquities  ;  he 
buys  old  candlesticks,  cops,  cruoifiaes, 
mi  geiMrally  all  such  articles  as  are  used 
W  our  chnrrhes.  for  several  years  past 
Im  hat  travelled  aver  tbe  dcpartmeiit  in 


every  direction,  and  there  is  not  a  church, 
however  hidden  and  retired,  nor  a  THlagCf 
however  poor  you  could  imagine  it,  wKick 
has  remained  up  to  this  time  unknown  ta 
him,  and  escaped  his  self-interested  Ihtcs* 
ligations. 

*'  It  is  about  three  years  ago  that  he  made 
his  first  trip  to  La  Guene.  He  put  himself 
into  communication  with  M.  Layi^et 
who  was  then  as  now  the  minister  of  the 
commune,  lie  saw  the  shrine  of  St.  Cal- 
mini  us  ;  but,  as  he  offered  only  TOO  francs 
for  it,  the  cure  refused  to  part  with  it* 
Rome  time  afterwards  be  paid  another 
visit  to  La  Guene,  always  with  the  inCea- 
tion  of  obtaining  the  shrlue  ;  but  he  met 
with  the  same  refusal.  At  last,  on  the 
22nd  of  Oct.  1841,  Minier  made  a  third 
journey  to  La  Gut^ne  ;  he  went  directly  to 
M.  Laygiie,  ond  again  opened  his  oego- 
elation  for  the  purchase  of  tbe  shrine- 

*♦  Tills  time  he  advanced  in  bis  proposals 
by  making  an  unconditional  offer  of  25^ 
francs.     The  price  was  agreed  upon,  hat 
tbe   roinbtcr  was    in   tbe   first  instance 
troubled  with  some  scruples;  he  wished 
that  the  council  of  tbe  commune  might 
be    consulted.      Tliey  sought    out    the 
mayor,    M.    Lassalvauie,   who    hesitated 
also,   and    tix pressed   a  wish    that    the 
council  ji^ight  be  informed  of  it,  and  that 
some  deliberation  might  take  place  with 
them  on   the  subject.     But  M.  Miaier 
was  urgent ;  be  said  that  the  council  had 
no  right   to  look   into   this  negociation, 
that  it  rested  solely  with  tbe   curt,  and 
moreover  that  he  could  not  possibly  stay, 
but  must  biive  the  bargain  concluded  that 
day.     Upon  this,  minister,  mayor,  and 
assistant,  betook  IbemselTes  to  the  church, 
where  they  displaced  the  shrine,  and  de. 
livered  it  over  to  M.  Mioiert  who  im- 
mediately bore  it  away  with  him  to  TuUe, 
having  paid  tbe  <:Mr6  the  stipulated  price 
of  ir.U  frLincs,     In  a  few  days  afterwards, 
M.  Minier  took  the  shrine  to  Paris,  and 
offered  it  first  to  >L  Du  Sommerand,  (who 
is  well  known  in  tbe  scientific  world  by 
his  rich  museum  of  autiquitiest)  sad  then 
to  M.  Joy  an,  a  dealer  m  antiquities,  who 
purchased  it  of  him  for  3(>00  francs.     AH 
these  circumstauce^  which  iiavi*  preceded 
or  followed  the  difsappea ranee  of  the  shriue 
were    published    in    the    papers.      The 
prefect  being  put  into  possession  of  the 
facta  by  the  minister  of  public  worship, 
immediately  took  the  necessary  steps  to 
recover  possession  of  this  precious  monn- 
ment.     The  **  Conseil  dc  Prefecture,*'  by 
a  resolution  of  tbe  28 tb  of  January,  au- 
thorised the  council  of  ])ubhc  buildings  to 
institute  a  suit  against  M*  Minier,  and 
M.  Laygnc  the  minUtcr,  and  to  pursue 
the  recaption  of  the  shrine  in  the  bands 
of  any  third  party  wrongfully  detatuing 


I 


I 


i 


1814.] 


Shritte  of  Si,  Calmmiut  at  La  Guine. 


%J 


On  the  'ilst  of  Febniary,  Meiirs. 
aygue  and  Minier  were  cited  before  the 
ibanaL  The  council  of  public  buildmgi 
etnnnded  of  Ibem  the  return  of  Ibc  slmne, 
i'or  10|000  francs,  as  datniiges  of  dctentioa 
limder  sequeatnitloD. 

"  On  the  6th  of  April,  ft  recaption  was 
made  of  the  shrine  in  th«  hands  of  M, 
JojuDi  the  actual  possessOFi  and,  by  a 
decree  of  the  President  of  the  Tribunal  of 
the  Seine,  it  has  been  sequestrated  and 
depomeed  in  the  ball  of  the  *'  cotnmiasairei- 
priseurs/ '  ^\.  Jojan  has  been  summoned 
before  the  tribunal  to  hear  the  court  pro* 
nounce  on  the  validity  of  the  recaption 
from  him*" 

After  having  thus  exposed  the  whole 
a6*air,  the  learned  advocate  sought  to 
establish,  Ist,  that  the  recaption  was 
valid  ;  and  therefore  that  M,  Joy  on 
should  be  adjudged  to  return  the  dhrinc 
to  the  council  of  public  buildings. 
2ndly«  That,  failing  in  the  support  of 
his  lirBt  proposition,  Messrs*  Laygue 
and  Minier  ought  to  be  adjudged  to 
pay  the  council  10,000  francs  for 
damages  of  the  tJetention  by  sequestra- 
tion. The  tribunal  of  Tulle,  after 
having  heard  four  other  counsel  on  the 
part  of  M.  Laygue,  M.  Lassalvanie, 
M.  Minier,  and  M*  Joy  an,  and  their 
personal  explanations.  On  the  sum- 
fliing  up  of  the  representative  of ''M. 
Le  Procureur  *lu  Roi,'*  the  court  gave 
judgment  as  follows: 

*'  The  court,  taking  into  consideration 
the  evidence  adduced,  by  its  unanimous 
judgment  annuls  the  recaption  made  as 
agaiuit  M.  Joyan,  and  removes  in  his 
favour  the  sequestration  upon  the  shrine 
of  St>  Calmintus,  irhich  has  caused  this 
recaption ;  but  the  court  does  not  see  any 
grounds  for  awarding  damages  of  detention 
to  him  on  account  of  this  sequeitratlon. 
Adjudges  the  council  to  pay  the  costs  of 
M.  JoyaOf  fixed  at  the  sum  of  77  francs 
10  cents. 

"  Without  determining  upon  the  point 
of  non- receipt  offered  by  Minier,  the  court 
declares  the  sale  which  ^as  consented  to 
by  Layguc  and  Litssalvanie  null  and  void, 
and  coDseqaently  doth  ortlcr  that  Minier 
shall  restore,  in  the  course  of  two  monthsi 
the  shrine  of  St*  Calminius,  which  was 
the  subject  of  the  sale.  That  the  council 
shall  account  to  him  for  the  necessary  ex. 
penses  vhlch  he  shall  have  been  put  to 
in  the  preservation  and  restoration  of  the 
shrine,  according  to  an  account  which  he 
shall  be  obliged  to  furnish,  and  which  the 
council  shall  be  at  liberty  to  question* 
And  in  default  of  his  rendering  such  ae* 
CQitnti   v^ithin  the  prescribed  time^  the 


court  doth  now  adjudge  him,  without 
further  hearings  to  pay  the  valuer  which 
the  tribunal  fixes  at  the  sum  of  'i,9Sa 
froncst  and  adjudges  bim  also  to  pay  the 
costs  of  the  council,  ascertained  at  183 
francs  93  cents. 

**  Without  determining  upon  the  point 
of  non- receipt  raised  by  M.  Bardoulat  on 
behalf  of  Laasalvanie,  the  court  doth  de- 
clare Laygue  and  Lassalvania  liable  to  the 
Council  of  Public  Buildings  of  La  Gu^ne 
for  the  performance  of  the  judgmenta 
passed  in  favour  of  the  Council  against 
Minier,  and  doth  consequently  eondeom 
them  to  the  payment  of  the  aforesaid  sum 
of  2,95. "i  francs,  saving  to  them,  never- 
theless, their  right  of  redress  over  as 
against  Minier. 

**  Adjudges  Laygue  to  reimburse  Minier 
in  the  sum  of  "^0  francs,  by  him  paid  at 
the  time  the  shrine  was  handed  over  to 
Mm,  and  which  was  received  by  the  said 
Laygue. 

*^  Adjudges  Laygue  and  Lassalvanie  to 
pay  the  costs  of  M icier,  ascertained  at 
97  fr.  a8  cts. ;  and  further  adjudges  them 
to  indemnify  him  against  the  cofits,  for 
which  he  is  directly  liable  towards  the 
Council  of  Public  Buildings  of  La  Gui^ne, 
and  to  pay  him  the  sum  of  100  francs,  the 
whole  of  which  being  for  damages  of  de- 
tention under  sequestration." 

At  present  nothing  naore  can  be  done 
than  to  leave  the  matter  to  the  natural 
CO  u  rs  e  of  eve  n  ts ,  M ,  M  i  n  i  er ,  w  i  thout 
doubts  will  appeal ;  he  will  be  cast  ia 
his  appeal  as  he  has  been  on  the  first 
hearing,  and  the  shrine  will  be  restored 
to  its  home  at  La  Guene,  from  whence 
it  ought  never  again  to  be  taken.  Thia 
will  serve  as  an  example  to  mayors 
and  ministers  throughout  all  France, 
when  they  venture  to  sell  such  pre* 
cious  objects  without  authority,  and 
dilapidate  our  religious  treasures.  It 
will  also  be  a  useful  lesson  to  our 
braziers  and  curiosity  dealers^  who  im- 
poverish our  churches  and  reap  their 
harvest  all  over  France  amongst  our 
most  beautiful  and  most  ancient  works 
of  art>  The  Committee  congratulates 
itself  on  the  result  of  these  proceed- 
iDgB,  and  requests  that  the  same  may 
be  publisbed  in  the  Bulletin  Archeo- 
logique.  In  future.  Councils  of  public 
buildings  andministers  wilt  think  twice 
before  they  diipose  of  works  of  art  or 
historical  monuments. 


Mb.  Urban,  Nm\  9* 

YOUR  ingenious  correspondent  E. 
B,  P.  (whose  careful  detail*  of  Lon. 


28 


on  St  Paul'B.—Pamih/  of  Barwich 


[JaQ« 


dii^'ian  antiqultieSi  as  they  arc  from 
time  to  time  brought  to  light,  form  a 
valuable  source  of  record  for  future 
writers  on  the  topography  of  the 
metropoliB,)  has  falleD  into  an  error 
when  he  saySp*  In  confirmation  of  St« 
Paul's  Cathedral  having  been  used  as 
a  horse  market,  '*  that  Shakspeare 
makes  Falstaff  triumphantly^  boast  of 
having  bought  his  horse  in  PauVs.'* 

Now  the  fact  is  altogether  mis- 
represented in  this  reference.  Falstaff 
inquires  of  his  page,  '*  Where's  Bar- 
dolph?"  The  page  rejoins.  *' He's 
gone  into  Smithtield  to  buy  your 
worship  a  horse.'*  Falslaff  then  sa)'a, 
"  I  bought  him  [i}arc2o{})/i]  in  PauPs, 
and  he'll  buy  me  a  horse  in  Smiihjield ; 
an  1  could  get  but  a  wife  in  the  stews, 
I  were  manned,  horsedj  and  wived." 
See  Henry  IV.  part  II.  act  L  sc.  2. 

I  do  not  know  whether  I  have  ever 
before  requested  your  attention  to  the 
exact  parallel  of  the  above  passage, 
which  is  to  be  found  in  Burton's 
Anatomy  of  Melancholy  j  if  so,  I  will 
however  venture  to  reproduce  it  oo  this 
occasion.  ''  He  that  marries  a  wife 
out  of  a  suspected  inne  or  ale  house, 
buyes  a  horse  in  Smithficld,  and  hires 
a  servant  in  Paurs,  as  the  diverbe  is, 
shall  likely  have  a  jade  to  his  horse^  a 
knave  for  his  man»  and  an  arrant 
honest  woman  to  his  wife."  Burton's 
Anatomy  of  Melancholy,  vol.  11.  p. 
492,  edit.  1S13.  By  wKich  collateral 
passages  of  these  two  emiDent  writers. 
who  were  both  living  in  the  earlier 
part  of  the  seventeenth  century*  it  would 
appear  that  hiring  servants  in  the  nave 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  the  promenade 
of  all  the  loose  characters  of  London 
at  that  time,  and  the  purchase  of  a 
horse  from  among  the  unsound  animals 
eiposed  for  sale  in  Smithfield,  had 
grown  into  a  "  diverb  '*  or  proverbial 
warning  ;  and  this  is  a  more  likely 
conjecture  than  that  either  Sbakspere 
or  Burton  borrowed  from  each  other. 

I   am   certain   that   E.   B.  P.  will 
pardon  the  correction  of  an  error  which 
might  be  multiplied  by  those  who  do 
not  read  Shakspere  for  themselves. 
Yours,  ace.     A.  J.  K. 


•  Not.  p.  533.  In  omr  lait  namher 
E.  B.  P.  hi  tu  self  corrected  hli  error;  bat 
w«  itt^  Ihe  pr^MDt  letter  (which  WM 


MY  attention  has  been  called  to  • 
notice  in  your  Magazine  for  March 
1842,  page  122,  requesting  particulars 
respecting  the  ancient  family  of  Bar* 
wick,  or  rather  the  father  or  ancestry 
of  Sir  Robert  Barwick,  knt.  of  Towla- 
ton  Hall  in  the  county  of  York,  which 
1  here  give  for  the  information  of 
your  correspondent,  or  any  others  con* 
nected  with  the  family. 

Sir  Hugh  de  Barwick,  knt,  was 
Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Trcdelisaham  in 
Berkshire,  and  also  held  divers  lands 
in  the  county  of  Oxford,  and  died  52 
Hen.  ni.  leaving  by  Isabel  his  wife 
two  Bona,  Thomaa  and  John,  which 
John  de  Barwick  had  summons  to  Par* 
liament  among  the  justices  and  others 
of  the  King's  council,  23,  27,  33,34, 
and  35  of  Edw.  L  Again,  the  Ist  of 
Edw.  IL  when  the  justices  and  King's 
couQcii  were  intermixed  with  the  earls 
and  barons,  but  not  summoned  in  fide 
Pi  homagio.  He  was  treasurer  to  Queen 
AHanor,  wife  of  King  Edward  I.  and 
attended  at  the  coronation  of  King 
Edward  IL  was  prebendary  of  Holme, 
and  afterwards  of  Fenton,  in  the  county 
of  York.  In  the  2nd  of  Edward  11.  is 
the  last  time  I  find  his  name  men- 
tioned, which  seems  to  intimate  that 
he  was  abort! y  after  dead.  Of  the 
cider  son,  Thomas  de  Barwick,  we  find 
him  as  master  of  the  archers  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  HI.  from  whom  de* 
scended  Juhn  Barwick,  D.D.*  Dean 
of  St.  Paul's,  London  ;  Peter  Barwick, 
M.D.  Physician  in  Ordinary  to  King 
Char!ea  IL;  and  Colonel  Samuel  Bar- 
wick^f  Governor  of  Barbadoes  in  lfi66# 
which  Colonel  Barwick  died  3rd  Jan. 
1673*  leaving  an  only  son  and  heir, 
Samuel,  who  was  President  of  the 
Councils  and  Governor  of  Barbadoes  in 
1731,  and  died  Jan.  1,  1773,  leaving 
a  daughter  and  heiress  Jane,  who  mar- 
ried 27  Aug.  1752,   the  Hon.  T.    Oa- 


omitted  laat  month  for  want  of  spsce)  on 
oecount  of  tlic  remarkable  paraDel  pointed 
out  by  A.  J.  K.  in  the  piiBsage  of  Bur- 
ton.—«di/. 

•  Vide  Life  of  Dr.  John  BarwicV, 
f  See  a  curioos  paper  prioted  (1 B-H)  at 
th«  private  press  of  Sir  Thomas  PhiJlippi, 
Bart   entitled    *' TUe   Case    of   Colonel 
Samuel  Barwkk*s  WiU  and  Co4icill.'' 


1844,] 


Pedigree  o/Barwick. 


born  Bruce/  ftnd  conveyed  to  him  the 
estates  ind  represcntition  of  the 
family. 

From  the  said  Sir  Hugh  de  Earwick 
probably  descended  the  family  of  Sir 


Robert,  of  which  the  folio wmg  pedi- 
gree«  compiled  from  wills,  parish  regia^ 
ters.  and  a  iraltiable  MS.  at  Middle 
Hilli  I  beg  to  transmit  to  the  reader: 


Robert  Barwick,  geut.^*  • . .  daa.  of- 


geat.y. 


Joba  Berwick  t  et^.  of  Whetley,  in  th 
parith  of  DoQcuterf  ob.  10  Apr«  135^ 


1 


Robert  Barwick  of  Doncaster,  Uw,  1^91,= 
buried  at  Doo canter  Mar.  30,  1602, 


Matbew    Bar-= 
wick  I  of  Stam- 
ford; wiU 
proved  April 
13, 1593. 


■Marj-, 
1591, 


Ig&Deli  iaor. 
May  13,   1571, 
Ch«  Rohiison* 
and  had  a  sod 
Robert,  Hv. 
161». 


L 


Thomas. 
Chris  topher. 


Praacis,  =T=Jane 


Alderman 
ofDoncofl* 
feri  bur^ 
10th  Aag. 
iei4. 


FraocUf  lir. 
1591 aod  1614. 


Maryt  liv. 

1591  and  1614, 


I 
Tbomaa, 
ob,  inf. 


John  ^Cathft* 


FuU. 
wood. 


Barwick, 
mar.  ?8 
Nov. 
1585, 


A  one,  bapt* 
5  Dec.  l&dO. 


riaci  da. 
of  Cottl. 
son. 


Sir  Robert  Barwick,  of  Towlston  HaII«  bapt.  at  Doncaitei^ 
1569 ;  admitted  at  Graj's  lun^  Loodou,  October, 
1611  ;  was  living  at  Gray*a  loain  1614  ;  elected  Recorder 
of  Doncaiter  Sept.  23^  1653.  A  Justice  of  the  Peace 
in  1649,  Recorder  of  York,  Knighted  at  York  by  King 
Charles  I.Nov.  2 1  at  1641  ;  died  April  25lb  1660,  tet.  1^, 
buried  at  Newton  Kyine« 


^Urstila^  da.  of  Walter 
Strickland,  esq*  the 
famous  antiquoryi^ 
and  nster  to  Sir  WO* 
Uam  Strickland,  Bart, 
died  4  Oct.  1662. 


Robert  Barfriok,  esq.  of 
TmrlsUm  Hall,  s.  and  h. 
bom  16S3,  drowned  in  the 
riTer  Wharf,  16  Jane,  1666, 
nt*  33,  buried  at  Newton 
Kjrme.— S.P. 


FrancM    ^Henry  Fairfax,  esq.  of  Oglc- 


Barwick, 
heir  to 
ber  bro- 
ther. 


Thomas  Lord^ 
Fairfax,  ob. 

no8. 


thorpe,  who  afterwards  sue- 
ceeded  (1671)  his  first  0011110, 
the  celebrated  Thomas  Lord 
Fairftia  aa  4th  Lord  FiiHkz« 
and  died  in  1688. 


Urania 
Barwick, 
died  5  Feb. 
1655,  mu 
14. 


»    I    '    J    * 

1.  Dorothy. 

2.  Frances* 

3.  Anne* 

4.  UrsuU. 

5.  Mary. 


I 


Henry  Fiiir- 
fax,  of  Towl- 
ston. 


^. — ,  ..-   . 
Barwick 
Fairfax, 
ob.  1712. 


Bryan 
Fairfsx. 


The  registers  of  Newton  Kyme  being 
imperfect  from  1636  to  1682,  the  only 
entry  I  found  was  as  follows: — "  1682, 
October,  Hursula,  y*  relect  lady  of 
8'  Robert  Barwick,  was  bwryed  upon 
y*  6th  day."  Nor  was  1  more  for* 
tunate  with  the  monumeotal  inscrtp- 
lions  which  1  expected  to  find  in  the 
church  ;  ihey  had  disappeared,  and  not 
ti  vestige  reroarocd  of  this  family  ^ave 
the  arms,  impaling  those  of  Strickland, 
carved  in  stone  00  the  north  side  of 


•  Father  of  Barwick  Bruce,  esq.  M.D* 
whose  son,  Samuel  Barwick  Bruce,  ct^. 
M.D.  ii  the  pruseat  reprcfetitatiTe  of  this 
brattoh  of  the  fannily* 


the  chancel  wall,  within  the  altar  rails. 
Shortly  after  my  return  from  the  vil- 
lage 1  visited  York,  and  found  depo» 
sited  in  the  office  of  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  the  MS.  collections  of  Jame« 
Torr,  the  Yorkshire  antiqtiary,  who 
had  carefully  copied  all  the  tnscrip* 
ttons,  which  I  here  give  literatim. 

Here  lyeth  interred  Ibe  body  of  UrsaU 
Barwick,  yonneest  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
Barwick^  kut.  oeing  the  joy  of  both  her 
parents,  whose  obedience  cannot  be  pa* 
rallcled,  who  died  February  5  th  1655,  aged 
14. 

Here  lyeth  interred  the  body  of  Ursula 
Barwick^  late  of  Toulston,  Kt.  (nc  in  MS,} 
who  departed  this  life  Oct.  4th,  l$^% 
agedSL 


30 


On  the  Proportions  oj  Churches. 


[Jan. 


Here  lyeth  interred  the  body  of  S' 
Robert  Barwick,  Kt.  who  for  his  abilities 
in  his  profession  was  chosen  Recorder 
both  of  York  and  Doncaster,  and  soe  dyed, 
having  departed  this  life  April  26th  1660, 
agedrS. 

Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Robert  Barwick 
of  Toulston,  esq.  the  son  of  S'  Robert 
Barwick,  Kt.  who  departed  this  life  16 
June,  A.D.  1666,  aged  33  years. 

Yours,  &c.    W.  D.  B. 


Mr.  Urban, 

I  AM  not  surprised  that  the  subject 
of  the  contour  and  proportion  of 
churches  has  not  dropped.  If,  in 
planning  such  an  edifice,  next  to  utility 
proportion  is  the  first  point  to  be  con- 
sulted and  precedes  ornament — if  many 
very  plain  buildings  please  because 
the  contour  is  judicious,  and  many 
expensive  ones  displease  in  spite  of 
much  adornment,  then  is  this  a  point 
of  more  consequence  surely  than  it 
has  been  generally  considered;  es- 
pecially as  a  tasteful  proportion  costs 
no  more  than  an  unsightly  disposition 
of  the  same  materials,  'while  ornament 
is  expensive  in  exact  proportion  to  its 
quantity. 

Every  architectural  amateur  in  Suf- 
folk most  be  especially  interested  by 
the  list  of  churches  with  equal  chan- 
cels, contributed  by  Mr.  Wodderspoon. 
WiUi  your  addition  it  exhibits  a  larger 
number  of  churches  so  constructed 
than  any  other  county  probably  could 
furnish.  But  I  should  be  sorry  that 
the  merits  of  the  equal  chancel  should 
be  tried  by  most  of  these  structures, 
for  the  greater  simplicity  of  that  plan 
requires  more  attention  to  proportion 
than  when  the  building  is  divided  into 
a  greater  number  of  parts,  and  some 
of  these  churches,  from  a  defect  in 
this  point  in  their  construction, 
are  greatly  inferior  in  beauty  to  some 
churches  of  the  same  rank  with  low 
chancels ;  nay,  a  great  height  and 
heaviness  of  body,  joined  to  a  thin 
tower,  is  the  most  unsightly  of  all 
possible  defects.  I  must  instance  the 
otherwise  very  beautiful  church  of 
Southwold,  exceeded  by  few  of  the 
same  class  in  the  interior,  and  richly 
adorned  throughout.  If  viewed  later- 
ally it  appears  to  me  one  of  the  most 
displeasing  in  shape  I  have  ever  seen, 
a  high-shouldered  and  clumsy  mass; 
I  would  gladly  add  a  low  chancel  to 


give  it  lightness.  But,  Sir,  the  equal 
chancel  should  not  be  judged  except 
by  that  principle  from  which  its  beauty 
is  inseparable — a  nice  attention  to 
proportion. 

I  did  not  anticipate  any  objection 
to  the  equal  chancel  from  the  nature 
of  the  services  and  solemnities  within 
the  roof,  but  I  feared  that  reverence 
for  ancient  construction,  and  a  pleasing 
association  of  ideas  with  venerated 
forms,  would  have  been  urged :  for  to 
such  a  plea  no  answer  could  have  been 
returned,  except  a  bare  avowal  of  dis- 
sent. It  was  therefore  particularly 
gratifying  to  find  an  objection  put 
upon  the  legitimate  principle  of  taste 
— ^the  true  criterion  in  this  case — and 
maintained  and  illustrated  in  so  sci- 
entific a  manner  by  Mr.  Barnes  as  to 
please,  if  not  convince,  every  reader. 
As  the  contour  of  a  church  with  three 
heights,  his  little  outline  in  black 
appears  to  me  absolute  perfection ; 
evincing  the  justice  of  his  theory  of 
harmonic  proportion  where  that  plan 
is  adopted.  But  may  there  not 
be  an  equal  beauty  in  the  relative 
proportions  of  two  heights?  That 
the  interior  of  a  church  with  an 
equal  chancel  would  exhibit  a  much 
finer  view,  no  one,  I  think,  can  ques- 
tion ;  a  depression  of  roof  being  a  poor 
climax  to  noble  succession  of  elevated 
arches,  ribs,  or  beams  ;  but  I  should 
be  willing  to  rest  the  issue  on  the  la- 
teral appearance  of  the  exterior ;  and 
I  have  one  plea  more  to  offer.  There 
seems  a  fitness  and  propriety  in  such 
a  construction  of  different  grades  of 
edifices  of  the  same  kind,  that  a  ge- 
neral correspondence  shall  exist  be- 
tween them,  that  the  difference  be  ad- 
justed by  some  rule,  and  not  by  ca- 
price or  accident.  Now  if  the  equal 
chancel  be  adopted,  there  will  exist 
such  a  correspondence  between  the 
three  classes  of  churches,  the  cathe- 
dral, the  parochial  church,  and  the 
chapel ;  the  two  latter  will  be  irregular 
segments  of  the  former.  Take  away 
one  side  of  a  cathedral,  and  you  har 
the  form  of  the  parochial  church ;  tal 
away  the  tower  from  the  parochu 
church,  and  you  have  a  chapel.  Bt 
the  low  chancel  entirely  destroys  thi 
general  affinity.  I  do  not  aidvanc 
this  as  a  strong  plea ;  "  valeat  ^ar 
turn,"  &c.  I  am  desirous  of  join? 
issue  with  your  talented  corresponr^ 


1844.] 


The  Family  qfChefoniames, 


on  hia  own  principle,  and  adopting 
his  own  eicpantly  shaped  outline  as 
the  basis*  of  the  more  simple  form  ;  1 
fear  not  to  place  the  equal  chancel  be- 
side it* 

Youra,  &c.  G.  0, 


Mb,  Urban, 

THE  public  prints  for  September 
have  quoted  the  language  of  the 
Oiurrier  Fran^ai^  concerning  the 
journey  of  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of 
I^emours  iotofiritanny. 

*'  The  Icgtttniists^  and  partkulaHy  Ihe 
clergy  of  Britsnny,  which  woi  the  centre 
of  the  attempts  made  to  restore  the  fallen 
dynasty  in  Ute  years,  came  Co  meet  the 
duke,  and  protest  their  devotion  to  the 
dynaity  which  the  revolution  of  July  bus 
placed  on  the  throne.  M.  le  Comte  de 
CheffontoLoes  and  M.  and  Madame  de 
Trerelec  have  loudly  and  fretly  sent  their 
adhcfion  to  the  royal  family.  M.  dc 
Chcflbntaine;}  tells  every  one  who  wishes 
to  hear  hij  opinion,  *  These  princes  of  the 
family  of  Orleans  arc  admirable  :  It  is 
impotfibte  not  to  love  them  ifhen  one 
knowi  them.^  ^' 

According  to  M.  Miorcec  dc  Kcr- 
danet^  the  family  ofCheflbntainea  were 
formerly  called   Fenfeimteiiimt,  which 


of  that  district  to  the  influence  of 
the  Crusades,  particularly  the  first, 
in  which  Alain  Fergent,  the  reigning 
duke,  was  present,  with  several  of  the 
Breton  noblesse. 

**0a  remarquequ*iIsrapport«>rent .  .  . 
un  langQge  qui  finit  par  Htg  ceki  de  la 
coiir  de  Bretagnc.  Tsnt  de  guerners  de 
divcrses  nations  se  trouvant  rcuuis  en  Aaic* 
avaient  dt  se  fairc  an  idiome  commun  ; 
comme  la  langwc  franqne  est  encore  le 
nioyen  dc  communication  cntre  lea  Euro* 
peens  qui  frt'quentent  le^  Echelles  du 
Levant,  Ce  fut  h  daterdu  retour  d'Alain 
Fergent,  que  I'ancien  idiome  brcton  fit 
placei  du  mains  pour  T  usage  de  la  cour, 
a  nn  Fran^ais  m^Ic  d^un  grand  nombrc 
dc  mots  dtrimgcrs.**  (Hist,  de  Bretagne, 
b.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  313.) 

M»  Miorcec,  who,  as  a  native  and 
a  professed  antiquary,  is  a  Btill  better 
authority,  comes  to  the  same  conclu- 
sion. 

"Mais  dans  quel  tems  le  bretoa  a*t-U 
cesai  d'etre  le  langage  do  la  cotir  de  nos 
souveraina?  On  pent  faire  remoatcr 
rtpoqae  de  ce  changement  A  la  premiere 
crnisade.  11  a*optj'a  alors  une  grnnde 
r^olution  dans  ks  mo::ur8  ct  dans  les 
langues.  On  commen^a  a  jargonner  au 
vieox  frani:ais,  qui  n©  fut  point  Stranger 
a  la  Bretagne."  (p.  51,  x*  ti^cle.) 

On  the  last  words  he  has  a  note. 

*^Comme  le  prouve  la  traduction  dea 
Pierres  precieusen  de  Marbodus,  cv^que 
dc  Rennes ;  version  qui  fut  faite  en  Bre- 
ta^e,    en    1123.     C*est  le  plus   andeu 


has  the   same  meaning  in  Breton  as     ouvrage  en  vers  fran^ais  quo  Ton  con- 
their   present  name   has   in    French,     naisse.*'     (Duclos.) 

The  name  of  De  ChefFontaines 
(latinised  by  a  Capite  Fon/tMm)  is 
known  in  old  French  literature, 
ibrough  the  controversial  writings  of 
Cbristophc  de  Cheflfontaines,  Arch- 
bishop ofCesarea  inpartibus,  who  died 
at  Rome  in  1 595.  It  h  to  him  that  M. 
iMiorcec  alludes  wheo,  speaking  of  the 
writers  of  poetry  in  the  Breton  langu- 
age, in  the  sixteenth  century,  he  says. 


French. 
•*  La  famille  de  Ckfffontaines  est  une 
de  celles  qui  francis^rent  leur  nom  en 
1491  :  elle  s*appclait  anparavant  Pen- 
ftuntenhu,  doot  Cht^ffontaines,  on  Capid 
ftmiium,  n'est  que  la  traduction," 
(Hist,  de  la  Languc  dea  Gaulois,  et 
par  suite,  decelledes  Bretons,  Rennes, 
1821,  p.  67-)  The  occasion  of  this 
transformation  of  names  from  Breton 
into  French  was  probably  the  mar* 
rittge  of  the  heiress  of  Bretagne  to 
Clmrles  VIIL  which  took  place  in  1491, 
and  virtoally  annexed  that  duchy  to 
Ihe  French  crown.  M.  Daru,  the  his- 
torian of  Bretagne,  traces  a  former 
inroad  opon  the  vernacular  language 


•  I  have  made  the  two  churches  prc- 
daely  similar  eiccpt  in  the  point  under 
cuniideration. 


^'  Le  P.  de  Che  (Ton  twines,  gi'n^ral  des 
Cordtdiera,  excellait  anssi  dans  la  poesie 
Bretoune.  On  lui  doit  lea  Qua f re  fin*  de 
Vhomma^  povmo  tr^s-rare,  imprimc  an 
convent  de  Cuhurien,  pri?8  Morlaijc,  en 
1570,  CheflbutaiocH  savatt  icpt  langues^ 
PHt^breu,  le  Grcc,  le  Latin,  Tl  tali  en, 
I'Espagnol,  le  Franvais,  et  le  Breton." 
(p.  G7,  Jivi'  si^de.) 

Exclusive  of  his  controvereial  writ- 


Proiciffe$  ofih$  PUffrimti  Progrta. 


32 

iiigt»  Uie  Tilnt  of  which  is  of  coarse 
confined,  lie  has  a  claim  to  be  re- 
Membered  as  the  anthor  of"  Chretieime 
Cbivfvla/toa  dm  Petal.  fTfloaatiir/' 
(Paris,  1568.  1571.  and  1579*  8to..) 
a  theological  treatise  against  duelling. 
He  is.  however,  annoticed  by  Sabatier. 
(4th  edit.  1779.)  probably  because 
most  of  his  works  were  written  in 
Latin. 

9.  In  your  Magazine  for  November, 
page  487*  is  a  letter  on  the  subject  of 
the  Pilgrim's  Progress,  and  the  sources 
from  which  it  may  have  originated. 
There  is  a  conjecture  on  this  subject 
in  the  Li/e  of  the  late  Dr.  Adam 
Clarke,  which  traces  the  literary  ge- 
nealogy back  to  Gawin  Douglas,  the 
celebrated  Bishop  of  Donkeld,  after 
which  it  becomes  less  definite  : — "  A 
thought  strikes  me:  John  Bunyan 
seems  to  have  borrowed  his  Pilgrim's 
Progress  from  Bernard's  Isle  of  Man  ; 
Bernard  his  Isle  of  Man  from  Fletcher's 
Purple  Islaod  ;  Fletcher  took  his  plan 
from  Spenser's  Faery  Queen  ;  Spenser 
his  Faery  Queen  from  Gawin  Douglas's 
King  Hart;  and  Douglas  his  plan 
from  the  old  mysteries  and  moralities 
which  prevailed  in  his  time."  (Life, 
vol.  ii.  p.  390.)  The  Voyage  of  the 
VTandermg  Knight  (which  was  printed 
during  the  reign  of  Elizabeth),  and 
which  is  noticed  in  an  early  volume 
of  the  Retrospective  Review,  should 
ssemingly  be  reckoned  in  the  Pilgrim's 
ancestry,  for  it  has  a  strong  family 
resemblance.  Of  King  Hart  there  is 
a  copious  analysis  in  Dr.  David  Irving's 
Lives  of  the  Scottish  Poets  (vol.  ii.  p. 
38—35.  ed.  1804).  He  says,  "  Dou- 
glas's ITtii^  Hari,  an  allegorical  poem 
of  a  singular  construction,  exhibits  a 
most  ingenious  adumbration  of  the 
progress  of  human  life.  The  heart, 
being  the  fountain  of  vital  motion,  is 
personified  as  man  himself,  and  con- 
dacted  through  a  great  variety  of  ad- 
ventures" (p.  38).  Perhaps  the  idea 
may  be  traced  as  high  as  the  allegory 
of  Cebes.  entitled  Uufof,  the  Tablet 
or  Picture  of  Huwum  L(fe ;  and  the 
Hercules  {Utpi  rov  HfKucXcovt)  of  his 
contemporary  Prodicns.  which  has 
given  rise  to  so  many  compositions 
under  the  title  of  the  Choice  of  Her- 
cules, and  among  others  that  by  Shen- 
Btone.  "  The  Tkble  of  Cebes  (observes 
Dr.  Gillies),  which  has  been  trans- 
mitted to  modern  timai,  contains  a 
4 


[Jaa. 


beantiiiil  and  affecting  picture  of  ha - 
man  life,  delineated  with  accuracy  of 
judgment,  and  iUnmiaated  by  splen- 
door  of  sentiment."  (Hist,  of  Greece, 
iii.  148.)  The  allegory  may  be  briefly 
expressed  in  a  few  words  from  one  of 
Johnson's  notes,  as  quoted  by  the  late 
editor.  Simpson:*  "Homo  in  vitam 
faigcessurus  haustoi  erroris  et  igno- 
nntiK  ab  impoihatm  swnit.  ingressum 
tfirnkmrn,  wi^fUHaim^  at  W9kifimi99  cx- 
ctpnuit»alim  Itrant  ttisalvtaiiv  alim  ad 
interitum."  Enfield  has  remarked, 
that  "  this  piece  ...  in  its  moral  spirit 
and  character  is  truly  Socratic.  but 
contains  some  sentiments  which  ap- 
pear to  have  been  borrowed  from  the 
Pythagorean  school."  (Hist,  of  Phi- 
l<Mophy,  i.  189.)  Indeed,  the  idea  of 
representing  human  life  as  a  choice 
between  diverging  paths  may  be  found 
in  the  famous  aphorism  of  Pythagoras. 
"Remember  that  the  paths  of  virtue 
and  of  vice  resemble  the  letter  Y." 
But  the  germ  of  the  idea  is  older  than 
the  Samian  philosopher,  and  may  be 
traced  even  in  the  earliest  Scriptures, 
in  a  variety  of  texts,  which  will  readily 
recur  to  the  reader's  mind. 

As  some  of  your  readers.  Mr.  Urban, 
may  wish  to  have  a  sight  of  Bernard's 
allegory,  which  comes  so  near  to  Bun- 
yan as  a  precursor,  they  will  be  glad 
to  learn  that  their  curiosity  can  easily 
be  gratified,  since  the  book  has  been  re- 
printed  by  the  Religious  Tract  Society. 
as  "The  Search  for  Sin.  and  its  im- 
partial trial  in  the  Isle  of  Man ;  ex- 
tracted from  an  old  Author."  It  stands 
at  No.  91  in  the  Society's  list,  and  is 
sold  for  less  than  twopence,  while  the 
original,  if  a  clean  and  perfect  copy, 
would  probably  be  charged  in  an 
intelligent  bookseller's  catalogue  at 
several  shillings.  In  its  present  form 
it  is  probably  abridged. 

Bunyan  was  so  partial  to  this  kind 
of  writing,  that  he  has  described  human 
life,  or  rather  religion,  under  the  simi- 
litudeof  awaraswell  as  of  a  pilgrimage. 
His  Holy  War.  however,  though  it 
contains  some  ingenious  ideas,  is  in- 
ferior to  the  Pilgrim's  Progress. 

3.  Some  of  your  readers  may  now 

*  Epicteti  Enchiridion,  Cebetis  Tabula, 
Prodia  Hercules,  et  Tbeophrasti  Charac- 
tares  Ethid,  per  Jos.  Simpson,  A.  M. 
E.  Ck>n.  Reg.  C)zon.  1804.  (note  p,  page 
74.)  '^ 


1844.] 


W^nni*8  Bard  of  SUep.-^VirgiVs  CamiUa. 


33 


possibly  learn  for  the  first  time  that 
Spanish  literature  has  had  its  imitator 
in  Welsh.  The  Visions  of  Qaevedo 
served  as  the  model  of  a  similar  fiction, 
published  about  1720,  by  EUs  Wyn, 
(Ellis  Wynne,)  a  clergyman  who  lived 
at  Y  Las  Ynys,  in  Merionethshire. 
It  is  entitled  Bardd  Cwsg,  (The  Bard 
of  Sleep,)*  and  being  very  popular  in 
Wales  has  been  several  times  reprinted. 
I  am  not  aware  whether  there  is  any 
English  translation,  but  a  modern  bard, 
the  Rev.  John  Jones  of  Bala,  (better 
known  by  the  local  appellation  of 
leuan  Thgid,f)  commenced  one  about 
twenty  years  ago,  though  I  doubt  his 
having  completed  it,  as  he  has  been 
since  employed  on  a  translation  of 
Isaiah  from  the  Hebrew.  Qaevedo, 
observes  Sismondi,  (Hist,  of  Litera- 
ture, iv.  83,)  has  lavished  his  sarcasms 
on  "  lawyers,  physicians,  notaries, 
tradespeople,  and,  more  particularly, 
tailors."  Elis  Wyn  has  made  the 
Welsh  attorneys  the  principal  object 
of  his  satire ;  but  it  is  said  that  he 
raised  such  a  storm  against  himself, 
from  the   various  classes    whom   he 


attacked,  as  only  to  escape  the  con* 
sequences  by  insisting  that  his  book 
was  entirely  viiionaty.  In  the  same 
way  has  Virgil  prudently  made  An- 
chises  dismiss  ifineas  from  Elysium 
through  the  dreamy  gate  of  ivory, 
(portique  emittit  eburni.  vi.  899*) 

4.  This  reference  to  Virgil  suggests 
another   concerning  the  speed    with 
which   the   poet  endows  his  heroine 
Camilla,  (b.  vii.  808-11.) 
Ilia  vel  iatactK  scjifetis  per  summi  volaret 
Gnunina,  nee  teneras  cursu  Insisset  aristaa ; 
Vel  mare  per  medium,  flnctn  snspensa  tomenti 
Ferret  iter,  celeres  nee  tingeretcquore  plantas. 

Thus  translated  by  Dryden,  begin- 
ning at  line  806  : 

Mlx'd  with  the  first  the  fierce  virago  fought, 
Sustained  the  toils  of  arms,  the  danger  sought, 
Outstripp'd  the  winds  in  speed  along  the  plain, 
Flew  o'er  the  field,  nor  hurt  the  bearded  grain: 
She  swept  the  seas,  and.  aS  she  skimmed  along. 
Her  flying  feet  unhath'd  on  billows  hung4 

The  original  of  this  description  ap- 
pears not  so  much  in  Homer,  by 
whom  such  speed  is  applied  to  horses, 
as  in  ApoUonius  Rhodius,  who  ap- 
plies it  to  Euphemus  the  Argonaut. 
(B.  i.  1.  182.) 


K€ivo£  mnfp  kcu  itoptov  ini  ykavKoTo  ^ceo'iecv 
Oidfuiror,  ovde  Boovs  fiarrre  nodas,  aXX*  oaov  dicpois 
'I«cveo'i  rryyoficvos  ^^^pS  ^f^^optiro  KtktvBt^, 
Whene'er  he  8kimm*d  along  the  watery  plain, 
With  feet  unbath*d  he  swept  the  surging  main, 
Scarce  brush'd  the  surface  of  the  briny  dew. 
And  light  along  the  liquid  level  flew. 

Fawket. 


Some  copies  for  Euphemus  read 
Polyphemus,  whom  a  note  in  Pope's 
Odyssev  (ix.  569)  actually  confounds 
with  the  Cyclops,  and  gravely  ex- 
presses surprise  that  he  threw  the 
mountain  at  Ulysses,  instead  of  pur- 

Ai  d'  OTt  flfV  (TIUpTtpiV, 


suing  him  on  the  waves !  But,  thoueh 
ApoUonius  has  improved  upon  the 
idea  by  applying  it  to  a  man,  he  is 
indebted  for  it  to  Homer,  who  uses  it 
to  describe  the  flcctness  of  the  mares 
of  Ericthonius,  the  king  of  Troy. 

«c.  T.  X. 

II.  y.  226. 


These  lightly  skimming,  when  they  swept  the  plain , 
Nor  ply'd  the  grass  nor  bent  the  tender  grain : 
And,  when  along  the  level  seas  they  flew, 
Scarce  on  the  surface  curPd  the  briny  dew. 

Pope, 


The  description  of  Camilla,  which  of 
all  these   has  become  the  most  pro- 

•  Mr.  Owen,  (i.  e.  Dr.  Owen  Pughe,)  in 
his  Cambrian  Biography,  (from  which  the 
above  particulars  are  chiefly  derived,)  trans- 
lateil  the  title  of  the  poem,  "  The  Visions 
of  the  Sleeping  Bard.** 

t  John  of  the  Tegid,  a  mountain  in 
North  Wales. 

Gbnt.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


verbial,  being  the  one  selected  as  an 


lines  in   Pope's  Essay  on 


t  See  the 
Criticism  : 

When  Ajax  strives  some  rock's  vast  wcig:]it  to 

throw, 
The  line  too  labonrs,  and  the  words  move  slow : 
Not  so  when  swift  Camilla  sroiirs  tlio  plain. 
Flics  o*er  th'uubending:  com,  aud  skims  alonfi: 

the  main. 

F 


34 


Sise  and  Progress  of  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts. 


[[Jan. 


instance  by  Pope,  is  not  so  hyperbo- 
lical  as  will  generally  be  supposed.  A 
real  Camilla,  both  iu  her  fleetness  of 
step  and  in  the  circumstances  of  her 
life,  is  mentioned  by  Chaudon,  in  the 
Supplement  to  his  Dictionnaire  His* 
torique,  1805,  vol.  1. 

**  Blanc  (N.  le)  fille  sauvage,  trouv^ 
on  mois  de  Septembre  1 731 ,  pr^s  da  Tillage 
de  Soigny,  k  qu&tre  lieues  de  Chalons,  k 
Page  d'environ  diz  ana.  On  a  cm  qu'elle 
avoit  ^t^  abandonn^  a  la  snite  d'un  nan- 
frage  sur  les  cotes  de  France,  et  que  de 
fori^t  en  fordt  elle  6toit  parrenue  an  lieu 
oh  on  la  trouva.  Sa  force,  son  agilit(:  k 
la  course  ^toient  etonnantes.  La  maniere, 
suiyant  Racine  le  fils,  dont  elle  couroit 
apr^s  les  li^vres,  n*offroit  presque  point 
de  mouyement  dans  ses  pieds  ni  dans  ses 
corps;  c*6loii  moitu  eourir  que  gliaer. 
Elle  a  pass^  la  plus  grande  partie  de  sa 
Tie  dans  un  conyent  de  Chaillot,  oU  les 
bienfaits  da  due  d*Orl^ns  ayoient  poarru 
ii  sa  pension  et  li  son  entretien.  Elle 
est  morte  yers  Tan  1760,  apr^s  s*^tre  con- 


form^ayec  facility  aox  usages  de  T^tat 
social,  et  ayoir  adopts  ayec  zdle  les  prin- 
cipes  de  la  religion.** 

The  early  life  of  this  young  woman 
rather  resembles  the  account  of  Ca- 
milla's childhood,  whom  her  father 
Metabus 

in  damis  interque  horrentia  lustra  .... 
Nutribat.     (iEn.  xi.  570.) 

while  her  residence  in  a  convent  partly 
reminds  us  of  the  words, 

SoU  contenta  DianA 
jEternum  telorum  et  virginitatis  amorem 
Intemerata  colit  (1.  582) ; 

though  perhaps  in  the  case  of  the 
French  foundling  it  was  hardly  an  op- 
tional matter,  as  she  was  not  likely  to 
have  proved  attractive,  or  to  have  be- 
come very  polished.  However,  in  any 
case,  that  the  wildness  of  her  early 
life  had  neither  stultified  her  mind  or 
her  soul,  it  is  highly  interesting  to 
learn.  Yours,  &c.    Cydweli. 


SOME    PARTICULARS    RESFECTINO   THE    ENGLISH    ECCLESIASTICAL   COURTS. 


NOTWITHSTANDING  the  atten- 
lion  which  the  exercise  of  the  Eccle- 
siastical Jurisdiction  has  for  many 
ages  attracted,  on  account,  not  only  of 
the  direct  and  intimate  connexion  be- 
tween its  legal  principles  and  the  na- 
tional religion,  but  also  of  the  practi- 
cal importance  of  the  questions  which 
are  submitted  to  its  decisions,  the  col- 
lective information  to  be  found  re- 
specting its  early  or  later  history  in 
this  country,  is  of  the  most  meagre 
and  scanty  description. 

This  neglect,  therefore,  of  what  ap- 
pears to  me  an  interesting  subject  has 
been  the  cause  of  my  attempting  the 
following  general  sketch  of  the  rise 
and  progress  of  the  English  Ecclesi- 
astical Courts ;  confining  myself,  how- 
ever, to  the  more  striking  and  curious 
features  exhibited  by  them,  either  in 
their  origin  or  in  their  subsequent  ex- 
tension and  developement.  The  es- 
tablishment of  these  courts  in  England 
was  of  considerably  later  date  than  in 
almost  any  other  state  of  Europe.  On 
the  continent  they  had  been  in  active 
operation  ever  since  the  reign  of  the 
Emperor  Theodosius  the  Younger,  to 
whom  must  be  ascribed  their  first  le- 
galization. But  even  before  that  age 
the  separatioa  of  the  Christian  body 


from  the  nation  at  large,  which  still 
adhered  to  paganism  on  almost  all 
material  points,  both  in  practice 
and  opinion,  had  occasioned  many 
peculiar  questions,  in  which  their 
faith  might  be  iu  some  degree 
implicated  or  compromised,  to  be 
treated  upon  and  determined  by  their 
own  assembly,  under  the  supervision 
of  the  higher  priesthood,  and  without 
the  intervention  of  the  ordinary  civil 
tribunals  of  the  state.  This  we  have 
every  reason  to  regard  as  the  first  germ 
of  the  ecclesiastical  jurisdiction,  an 
authority,  perhaps,  co-existent  with 
Christianity  itself,  and  to  which  it  is 
impossible  to  find  an  exemplar  or  ana- 
logy in  any  pagan  state  of  antiquity. 

Whilst  m  England,  these  courts,  as 
we  shall  afterwards  see,  owe  their  os- 
tensible birth  to  a  sudden   and  for- 
tuitous introduction  of  foreign  usages 
and  principles  of  law,  on  the  continent 
they  had  been  the  spontaneous  though 
gradual  product  of  opinions  deducible 
from  and  connected  with  the  dogmas 
and  traditional  practices  of  the  Chris- 
tian religion  itself.    The  mode  of  thif 
developement  may  be  illustrated  in 
few  words.  The  Church  militant,  as 
governing  power,  possessed,  simultan 
ously  with  the  authority  of  inflicting 


18i4.]  Rite  aitd  Progrttt  oftht  Ecclesimticut  C<Mfl». 


35 


private  pcna^ncc  for  the  more  :»ecret 
offcncett  of  a  minor  grade,  a  corres- 
pondtng  jurisdiction  to  impose  a  public 
admoDition  or  censure  on  offenders  of 
a  glaring  and  scandalous  cbaracter.* 
And  to  the  exerciic  of  the  tatter  of 
these  powers  we  are  indebted  for  the 
criminal  processes  of  the  Charch,  pro 
salute  anima,  or  for  the  reformation  of 
moral  eiicesses.  In  the  same  manner, 
the  circumstance  of  marriage  being 
regarded  irj  the  light  of  a  sacrament, 
or  sucrameutal  rite*  necessarily  and 
consistently  placed  it,  together  with  all 
matters  relating  thereto,  under  the  care 
and  control  of  the  Church. 

This  jurisdiction  being,  therefore, 
native  and  inherent  in  the  Church,  re- 
ceived at  the  hands  of  Theodosius  no 
more  than  a  general  confirmation  and 
stipport.  But  from  the  simple  text  of 
the  codfx  ThtodorianuSt  by  which  the 
bishops  arc  pronounced  to  be  the 
proper  judges  in  all  cases,  *'  quoties 
de  retigione  ayitur/'f  the  ecclesiastical 
jurisdiction  received  a  liberal  amplifi- 
cation in  succeeding  ages,  through  the 
voluntary  concessions  of  the  secular 
government.  For  the  Church  subse* 
quently  acquired  a  complete  power  of 
adjudication,  not  only  over  the  mis- 
conduct of  clerks,  or  laicis,  and  over 
its  own  revenues,  and  marriages ;  but 
also  over  the  accessary  questions  of 
dower  and  alimony,  the  breach  of 
faith  in  sworn  compact  or  mere  pro- 
mises, the  validity  or  invalidity  of  last 
wills>  the  enforcement  of  legacies,  and 
the  administration  of  a  deceased  per- 
son's property* 

This  was  the  condition  of  the  con- 
tinental Ecclesiastical  Courts  at  the 
,  epoch  of  the  accession  of  the  Norman 
rConquwor  to  the  tlironc  of  England, 
LAnd  they  had  already  excited  the 
jealousy  and  awakened  the  late  re- 
_pentance  of  the  secular  authorities, 
Fwith  whose  '^Jurisdiction  they  on 
[many  occasions  clashed  and  even  sue- 
^ccssfully  competed.     In  the  words  of 

*  Mftnifeitii  peccata  non  sunt  occultA 
^«orrectioDe  ptirganda.  (Decret.  Greg.  9, 
I  lib.  5,  tit.  3fe»,  cap.  L)  OflfeDces  of  this 
r^indi  according  to  the  canon  law,  cannot 
rbc  absolved  by  a  priestt  but  must  be  re- 
[^lerred  to  the  bishop  of  the  diocese. 

f  Cod.  Theod.  leg.  1,  de  rcllq.  **>  Quo- 
I  tics  de  rcligione  agitur  episcopos  convenit 
iudicarc/* 


B  great  French  antiquary,}  describing 
their  state  at  this  time,  **  Curio.* 
Chriatianitatis  amplissima  fuit  juris- 
dictio,  cum  questionum  et  causarum 
omnium  qu^e  non  modo  res  ecclesise, 
scd  et  sacramenta  ct  quidquid  ex  cis 
dubietatis  oriretur,  apectant,  cogni- 
tionem  sibi  arrogasset." 

Nothing  of  this  kind  was  to  be  seen 
in  England  at  the  time  of  the  Norraan 
Conquest.  The  Anglo-Saxon  common 
law  never  recognised  the  principle  of  a 
separate  civil  or  criminal  jurisdiction 
exercised  by  the  Church ;  though^ 
either  out  of  respect  to  the  sacred  cha- 
racter of  its  members,  or  from  a  sense 
of  their  superior  learning  and  intelli- 
gence, it  had  certainly  admitted  the 
episcopal  order  to  a  participation  in 
the  muQicipal  judicature  of  the 
country.  Ever  since  the  introduction 
of  Christianity  into  England,  the 
bishops  had  sat  to  hear  causes  tn  the 
county  court,  in  conjunct  ion  with  the 
ealdorman  or  his  sheriff. 

It  will  be  a  mistake^  however,  to 
suppose  that  the  secular  authorities 
even  in  those  times  interfered  (at  least 
legally)  in  tlic  administration  of  jus- 
tice by  the  bishops  in  matters  which 
regarded  the  assignment  of  penance 
for  a  public  immorality,  or  in  the  cog- 
nizance and  punishment  of  the  ex* 
cesses  of  the  clerks  of  his  diocese. 
These  questions,  though  discussed 
and  tried  in  the  presence  of  the  hun- 
dred«  were  reserved  for  the  judgment 
and  decision  of  the  bishop  alone.  But 
this  hybrid  union  of  courts*  besides  its 
great  practical  inconvenience,  was  for 
other  reasons  unlikely  to  iind  favour 
in  the  minds  of  the  foreign  church- 
men, who  had  succeeded  to  the  epis- 
copal sees  of  England  on  the  expul- 
sion of  the  native  prelates.  The  former 
had  been  educated  under  a  totally  dif- 
ferent system.  Many  of  them  had 
previously  acquired  fame  for  their  pro- 
ficiency in  the  peculiar  law  of  the 
Churchy  and  during  the  old  constitu- 
tion of  things  in  England  there  was 
little  or  no  scope  for  a  display  of  the 
powers  and  ambition  of  cultivated  in- 
tellect and  learning.  The  Saxon  mu^ 
nictpal  courts,  as  it  would  appear, 
never  possessed  a  bar  of  professional 


I  DncaDge^  sub  voce  Curia  Christiani* 
Utis. 


3G 


Rise  and  Progress  of  the  Bcdesiastical  Courts, 


[Jan. 


advocates,  and  their  (Gothic  manner 
of  trial  could  not  fail  to  wear  a  bar- 
barous aspect  to  men  whose  minds 
were  fraught  with  a  prepossession 
in  favour  of  the  more  refined  juris- 
prudence of  the  code  or  the  ecclesiasti- 
cal canons.  But  a  stronger  and  (at 
the  same  time)  less  worldly  motive 
may  have  influenced  the  Norman  Con- 
queror and  his  clergy  in  effecting  the 
revolution  to  which  I  am  now  allud- 
ing. It  is  not  improbable  that  reli- 
gious scruples  might  have  occasioned 
a  reluctance  on  the  part  of  the  latter 
to  countenance  a  scheme  which  con- 
tinually exposed  them  to  the  risk  of 
violating  the  canons,  by  personally  in- 
terfering  in  secular  causes,  or  which 
compelled  them  to  endure  the  scandal 
of  seeing  matters  of  religious  censure, 
if  not  directly  submitted  to  the  deci- 
sion, yet,  at  least,  occasionally  sub- 
ject to  the  interposition,  of  a  lay  judge. 
For,  as  the  bishop  and  the  ealdorman 
presided  over  an  united  court,  the  se- 
paration of  causes  would  not  con- 
stantly be  so  strict  but  that  the  one 
should  at  times  intermeddle  in  the 
peculiar  province  of  the  other  ;  and 
finally,  there  also  existed  another  rea- 
son for  this  change.  The  scyrgemot, 
or  county  court,  soon  after  the  acces- 
sion of  William  the  First,  was  consi- 
derably abridged  of  its  legitimate 
powers,  and  from  its  former  high 
rank  was  converted  into  a  merely  se- 
condary court  of  justice,  by  the  insti- 
tution of  the  Norman  "  aula  regis," 
which,  as  a  tribunal  of  the  first  in- 
stance, began  to  absorb  the  general 
legal  business  of  the  kingdom.  And 
accordingly  the  attendance  at  the  de- 
graded county  court,  however,  it  might 
have  satisfied  the  unassuming  tempe- 
rament of  the  English  bishops  of  that 
period,  could  scarcely  square  with  the 
more  elevated  pretensions  of  the  fo- 
reign intruders.* 

The  persuasions  of  the  clergy  there- 
fore, backed  probably  by  the  authority 
of  the  Pope,  may  have  been  the  induc- 
ing reason  to  William  the  First  to 
separate  the  unnatural  conjunction 
which  had  hitherto  existed   between 


*  The  necessity  for  their  attendance 
was  not,  however,  formerly  repealed  until 
the  statute  of  Marlborough,  at  the  close 
9f  the  reign  of  Henry  III. 


the  municipal  and  ecclesiastical  juris- 
dictions, and  to  ordain  that,  "  for  the 
future,  no  bishop  or  archdeacon  should 
hold  pleas  founded  on  the  canon  laws 
(de  UgihuM  episcopalihus)  in  the  hun- 
dred or  county  court,  or  lay  before 
secular  men  any  question  which  con- 
cerned the  government  or  cure  of 
souls.  These  enactments  were  con- 
tained in  a  statute  of  the  Norman  Par- 
liament, (for  such  it  is,  though  com- 
monly styled  a  charter  of  that 
monarch),  the  date  of  which  is  not 
expressed,  and  cannot  be  now  sup- 
plied from  any  extrinsic  source. 

This  Act,  though  brief  in  its  expres- 
sions, is  pregnant  with  the  clearest  di- 
rections respecting  the  constitution 
and  regimen  of  the  new  intended 
courts.  It  not  only  defines  the  nature 
of  the  suits  to  be  tried  there,  at  the 
same  time  providing  a  code  of  laws 
for  the  guidance  of  those  whose  pro- 
vince it  should  be  to  administer  justice 
in  relation  thereto,  but  it  also  pre- 
scribes a  fixed  and  settled  locality  for 
the  courts ;  and  finally — without  de- 
rogating from  the  rights  of  regal  pre- 
rogative by  setting  up  an  imperiutn  in 
tmperio,  a  consequence  to  be  fairly  ap- 
prehended in  that  era  of  clerical  pre- 
tension, if  this  new  creation  had  been 
endowed  with  the  power  of  effectually 
enforcing  its  decrees  by  a  direct  course, 
through  its  own  ministers  and  satel- 
lites— it  subjects  the  infant  jurisdic- 
tion by  a  consummate  stroke  of  policy 
to  a  complete  dependence  on  the  mu- 
nicipal authority,  by  taking  the  im- 
mediate execution  of  all  its  sentences 
out  of  the  hands  of  ecclesiastics,  and 
referring  it  entirely  to  the  secular  arm 
of  the  justiciaries  of  the  crown. 

This  is  plainly  shewn  by  examining 
the  details  of  the  instruraent.t   It  com- 


t  Ancient  Laws  and  Institutes  of  Eng- 
land, by  Thorpe,  1840,  p.  213.  From  a 
transcript  in  the  Liber pilotut  of  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  of  St.  Paul's,  London,  and 
in  the  Register  of  Lincoln,  Remig.  fol.  9. 
Co.  Instit.  4  par.  cap.  53,  fo.  260,  Godolp. 
Rep.  Can.  cap.  10.  Willielmus,  gratia 
Dei  rex  Anglorum,  comitibus,  vicecomiti- 
bus,  et  omnibus  francigenis,  et  quibus  in 
episcopatu  Remigii  terras  habentibus,  Sa- 
lutem.  Sciatis  vos  omnes  et  caeteri  mei 
fi  deles  uui  in  Anglia  manent  quod  epis- 
copales  leges  quse  non  bene  nee  secundum 
sanctarum  causarum  pnecepta  usque  ad 


1844.] 


Hise  and  Progmt  of  the  EceleriaMcal  Courts. 


mences  by  reciting  that  "  until  Wil- 
liam's time  the  episcopal  laws  had  not 
been  well  administered,  or  according 
to  the  precepts  of  the  holy  canons,  and 
he  therefore  adjudged  by  the  advice  of 
the  common  council,  and  the  council 
of  his  archbishops,  bishops,  and  ab- 
bats,  and  all  the  chief  men  of  the 
realm,  that  the  same  should  be 
amended." 

These  terms  unequivocally  stamp 
the  document  with  the  impress  of  an 
Act  of  Parliament.  Hiey  declare  it  to 
be  an  ordinance  eammunis  concilii,  &c. 
i.e.  of  the  National  Assembly,  such  as 
the  Parlement  of  Normandy  or  the 
Witenagemot  of  England.  Those  terms 
are  totally  inapplicable  to  a  charter, 
which  is  a  purely  royal  act. 

Next  follows  the  enactment.*  "I 
therefore  command,  and  by  royal  au- 
thority ordain,  that  no  bishop  or  arch- 
deacon shall  hold  pleas  any  more  con- 
cerning the  episcopal  laws  in  the 
hundred,  nor  bring  to  the  judgment  of 
secular  men  a  cause  which  appertains 
to  the  government  of  souls  ;  but  who- 
soever  shall  be  impeached  according 
to  the  episcopal  laws,  for  any  cause 
or  fault,  shall  come  to  the  place  which 
the  bishop  shall  have  chosen  and 
named  for  this  purpose,  and  there 
answer  respecting  his  cause,  and  do 
right  to  God  and  his  bishop,  not  ac- 
cording to  the  hundred,  but  according 
to  the  canons  and  episcopal  laws." 

This  portion  of  the  act,  as  I  re- 
marked before,  completely  overturned 
the  English  common  law  previously 
existing  on  the  subject.  That  law 
was  now  made  to  conform  to  the  regu- 
lations of  the  rest  of  Europe. 

This  section  also  provided  that  the 

mea  tempora  in  regno  Anglise  fUenmt, 
commimi  concilio  et  condlio  archiepisco- 
pomm  meoram  et  cKteromm  episcopomm 
et  abbatum  et  omnium  principum  regni 
mei,  emendendas  judicavi. 

*  Id.  Propterea  mando  et  regia  au- 
tboritate  prcdpio  at  nollus  episcopns  vel 
archidiacoQiu  de  legibos  episcopalibos 
amplios  in  hundretto  placita  teneant,  nee 
caoaam  quK  ad  regimen  animarum  per- 
tinet  ad  jadiciom  secnlariom  hominum 
addncant,  sed  quicnnque  secandom  episco- 
pales  leges  de  quacnnque  causa  vel  culpa 
interpeUatus  fiierit,  ad  locum  quern  ad  hoc 
episcopns  el^erit  et  nominaveriti  veniat, 
ibiqoe  de  causa  sua  respondeat,  et  non 
secondmn  bundrettom,  sed  secundum  ca- 
nones  et  episcopalci  leges  rectum  Deo  et 
cfifoopo  fuo  fiwiat. 


3T 

Ecclesiastical  Court  or  Consistory 
should  have  a  fixed  and  permanent 
locality,  viz.  in  the  see  of  the  bishop, 
or  such  other  convenient  place  in  his 
diocese  as  he  should  elect  for  the  pur- 
pose. The  sheriff's  jura,  or  the 
hundred  court,  being  perambulatory, 
the  ecclesiastical  jurisdiction,  such  as 
it  was  in  Saxon  times,  necessarily 
shared  in  the  same  unsettled  condition, 
and  yet,  as  the  consistory  was,  agree- 
ably to  this  enactment,  a  local  court, 
it  would  be  productive  of  the  same  or 
nearly  equal  beneficial  effects  in  that 
respect;  an  advantage  which  was 
afterwards  sensibly  felt  when  the  mu- 
nicipal courts  became  centralised  at 
Westminster. 

We  accordingly  find  that,  in  obedi- 
ence to  the  statute,  each  bishop  es- 
tablished his  tribunal  in  the  cathedral 
church  of  his  diocese.  The  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury  also  selected  for  the 
exercise  of  his  metropolitical  and  ap- 
pellate powers  the  parish  church  of 
Saint  Mary -le- Bow,  or  Sancta  Maria 
de  Arcubus  in  London,  on  account  of 
its  being  situate  within  a  peculiar  and 
immediate  jurisdiction  belonging  to  his 
see  within  that  cit^.  But  his  court 
as  ordinary  of  the  diocese  of  Kent  was 
held  in  the  cathedral  church  of  Can- 
terbury. The  former  court,  called  par 
excellence,  curia  Cantuarienais,  shortly 
afterwards  received  the  additionid 
name  of  the  Arches  Court  of  Canter- 
bury, which  it  still  retains  as  its  sole 
judicial  designation. 

The  final  sentence  of  the  Conqueror's 
ordinance,  "  sed  secundum  canones  et 
episcopales  leges  rectum  Deo  et  epis- 
copo  suo  faciat,"  strictly  enjoined  the 
law  of  the  courts  to  be  that  of  the 
canons,  without  admixture  of  munici- 
pal principles  or  customs.  Along  with 
the  law  the  English  Ecclesiastical 
Courts  adopted  the  practice  of  the 
Roman  consistory,  and  to  which  they 
have  closely  adhered,  up  to  the  present 
time,  the  modern  formulare  varying 
little,  if  at  all,  from  its  originu 
standard.  In  causes  of  the  first  in- 
stance the  citation,  the  libel,  the  Utig 
conteataiio,  the  answers,  the  compul- 
sories,  or  litera  compuharialea,  to  en- 
force the  attendance  of  witnesses,  were 
and  still  are  identical  in  form  with  the 
instruments  in  use  at  Rome.  There 
was  also  the  same  examination  of  wit- 
nesses in  secret,  and  the  consequent 
decree  of  publication  pasaed  by  the 


38 


jRise  and  Progress  of  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts. 


[Jao. 


jodge  before  their  depositions  could  be 
UDsealed  and  read.  In  appellate  causes 
the  same  inhibition  issued  to  the  judge 
a  guo,  or  inferior  ordinary,  and  to  the 
party  respondent,  enjoining  them  to 
forbear  innovating  or  attempting  any- 
thing to  the  prejudice  of  the  appellant, 
and  of  his  appeal,  &c.  In  a  word,  the 
formal  instruments  and  pleadings  are 
still  rendered  in  the  terms  prescribed 
by  the  ancient  practice  of  the  Courts 
of  Rome.* 

But  a  few  remarks  upon  the  general 
process  and  formulare  of  the  Ecclesi- 
astical Courts  may  not  be  out  of  place 
here.  The  offender  was  summoned 
into  judgment  by  letters  of  citation 
under  the  seal  of  the  ordinary;  and  on 
his  appearance  the  libel,  or  the  articles 
containing  the  accusation,  werebrought 
in  and  proffered  to  him.  If  the  latter 
were  unexceptionable  in  point  of  law 
or  relevancy,  they  were  admitted  to 
prove,  and  the  judge  then  called  upon 
the  accused  to  give  a  general  answer 
or  issue,  in  the  affirmative  or  negative, 
to  the  charge  of  the  accuser.  This 
was  an  imitation  of  the  litis  coniestaiio 
of  the  civil  law,  and  was  simply  an 
averment  in  the  negative  or  affirmative 
of  the  truth  or  falsehood  of  the  charge. 
If  a  denial  were  given  and  the  suit 
contested  negatively,  a  sworn  personal 
answer  was  then  exacted  from  the  de- 
fendant, though  the  plea  might  con- 
tain criminal  imputations,  and  he 
should  consequently,  by  a  full  and 
sincere  response,  if  guilty,  confirm  the 
accusation  of  his  enemy.  If  the  nega- 
tive issue  were  followed  up  by  an  un- 
qualified and  consistent  denial  in  the 
personal  answer  of  the  defendant,  or 
party  cited  (as  he  is  termed  in  the 
technical  language  of  the  Ecclesiastical 
Courts),  the  plaintiff  or  promoter  would 
then  be  obliged  to  produce  witnesses 
in  support  of  his  case,  who  were  ac- 
cordingly sworn  in  open  court,  in  the 
presence  of  the  adverse  party,  the  oath 
of  testimony  being  administered  to 
them  by  the  judge. f  The  latter  after- 
wards himself  strictly  examined  the 
witnesses  in  a  secret  chamber, /ort6K« 
chusis,  assisted  by  his  registrar  or  ac- 

•  Of  this  any  person  may  easily  con- 
vince liimsclf,  and  for  that  purpose  we  refer 
hiin  to  the  Formularium  Variarum  Com- 
miMionum,  Articulorum,  Exceptionum, 
Jnt«^^^ogtttorio^um,  et  Petitionum,  Senten* 
"•ninti  et  Appellationum,  &c.  Romae,  1602. 

t  XbU  WM  prohibited  by  13  Car.  S,  c. 


tuary,  who  faithfully  recorded  in  writ- 
ing their  several  depositions.  The 
same  process  was  adopted  in  regard  to 
the  sworn  answers  of  the  defendant.^ 

The  defendant  of  course  had  the 
liberty  of  counterpleading,  and  the 
same  ground  was  then  gone  over  by 
him.  When  each  party  considered 
his  case  to  be  sufficiently  made  out  to 
enable  him  to  bring  it  before  the  court, 
the  original  cause  was  concluded  or 
wound  up,  and  the  judge  decreed  pub- 
lication to  pass  on  the  sayings  or  de- 
positions of  the  witnesses.  Informa- 
tions were  next  taken,  i.e.  the  evidence 
was  read  and  its  credibility  and  suffi- 
ciency debated  upon  by  the  advocates 
of  each  party  in  open  court,  and  the 
judge  finally  determined  the  question 
by  a  definitive  sentence  in  writing,  or 
by  a  verbal  interlocutory  decree. 

This  is  but  a  slight  sketch  of  the 
strictly  ancient  practice.  But  I  have 
said  enough  to  shew  that  the  same 
plan  is  still  pursued,  except  in  a  few 
instances,  where  the  express  provisions 
of  the  legislature  have  innovated  on 
its  principles,  or  an  idea  of  conveni- 
ence has  effected  some  inconsiderable 
alteration. 

The  scheme  of  practice  adopted  by 
the  Ecclesiastical  Court  consists  of  a 
series  of  interlocutory  orders,  tech- 
nically called  assignations,  which  are 
the  gradual  and  progressive  steps  of 
the  cause.  These  are  the  same  in 
their  character,  and  also  bear  the  same 
appellations  in  the  English  courts,  as 
they  now  do  or  formerly  did  at  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Rome. 

The  constitution  of  the  Ecclesiastical 
Courts  was  in  all  respects  superior  to 
that  of  the  municipal  tribunals.  Deriv- 
ing the  forms  of  their  judicial  proceed- 
ings from  the  refined  and  ancient 
source  I  have  before  intimated,  they 
at  the  same  time  adopted  the  custom 
of  a  regularly  admitted  and  stationary 
bar  of  advocates ;  and,  as  a  further 
assistance  to  the  illiterate  and  inex- 
perienced client,  a  certain  number  of 
authorised  ministers  of  the  court,  de- 
nominated  procurafores  or  proctors, 

12,  §  4.  Onr  historians  invariably  call  it 
the  oath  ex  officio,  as  if  the  jurammtum 
eahtmnia  or  malitia,  the  Juramentum  sup- 
pletorufHt  or  any  other  oath  known  to  the 
canon  or  civil  law,  were  not  equally  an  ex 
ojfflcio  oath. 

t  Onghton,  Ordo  JodiciQr.  de  caosis, 
tit,4,s.8;etinNota, 


L] 


Rise  and  Process  of  the  Ecchsmikal  Courts, 


59 


were  orddned*  who  might  guide  him 
through  the  di/Ecultics  and  niceties  of 
his  suit,  aod  legulty  represent  him  in 
the  presence  of  the  court**  The  latter 
privilege  was  long  uoknowa  to  the 
suitor  at  common  law. 

But  there  is  little  doubt  that  the 
eatabli&hment  of  the  Ecclesiastical 
Courts  gave  a  higher  tone  and  charac- 
ter to  the  general  judicature  of  the 
country.  Their  grave  and  eiudile 
sy&tem  of  practice,  and  iheir  precise 
and  accurate  method  of  taking  evidence, 
formed  a  striking  contrast  to  the  rude 
and  summary  proceeding  of  a  trial 
purjmU  at  that  period.  The  prepon- 
derance  of  relative  merit  must  obvi- 
ously have  been  in  favour  of  the  tri- 
bunals of  the  Church,  The  foreign 
juflata,  who  presided  over  the  infant 
coQsistorics,  and  their  English  suc- 
cessors, were  all  men  of  the  highest 
learning  in  their  department ;  and  their 
efforts*  of  which  one  result  was  the 
Court  of  Chancery,  produced  in  the 
sequel  the  most  beneficial  conse- 
quences  for  the  English  law  and  con- 
ftitution,  by  imparting  to  the  theory 
of  both  more  refined  and  extended 
pri&crp(c9. 

But  the  weak  point  of  the  ecclesi- 
astical  jurisdiction  haaal  ways  coufiiated 
ia  its  inability  to  enforce  its  own 
decrees.  ^Fhis  was  originally  owing 
to  a  reluctant  delicacy  of  feeling  on 
the  part  of  the  Church  itself,  but  it  has 
been  maintained  up  to  the  present  time 
by  the  unnecessary  jealousy  of  the 
Legislature,  aud  of  the  lay  judges  of 
the  Crown.  The  concluding  sections 
of  the  statute,  which  refer  to  this  sub- 
ject, are  devoted  to  applying  a  remedy 
for  the  contumacy  of  oD'endcrs,  They 
arc  as  follows  :t  **  If  any  person  elated 
by  pride  will  not  come  to  the  Bishop's 
justice,  (ad  justitlam  episcopalem,)  let 
him  be  called  once,  twice,  and  thrice, 
and  if  he  will  not  then  come  to  make 


*  The  Constitutions  of  Otbobon  coataia 
miDj  ctirious  regutcitiuns  respecting  the 
>py ointment  of  Proctors ,  tit,  Sa*  deofiHcio 
mcsntonun.  See  also  a  Conilitution  of 
rsnihamp  in  Ljod.  lib,  1,  tit.  IS. 
t  Id  ^i  vero  aliquts  per  supcrbiam  ela- 
3i'i  epificopalem  venire  non 

•ntr  :     Bcmcl    et   secundo   et 

ic  na  ad  emendationem 
iiicatur  ;  et  si  opus  fuerit 
1   lum,  fortiludo  ct  justilia 
I  vet  Ticecomitis  adljibeaturt 


compensation  (ad  emendationem)  let 
him  be  excommunicated.  And,  it  need 
frhall  be,  let  the  power  and  justice  of 
the  king  or  hh  sheriff  be  employed  in 
vindicating  this," 

Excommunication  was  the  only 
weapon  which  the  Church  pusees^ed, 
and  we  may  easily  conceive  tb*it  to  a 
hardened  offender  it  could  have  had 
few  terrors,  as  the  penal  result  lay  in 
so  remote  a  perspective.  This  specie* 
of  spiritual  outlawry  had,  conse* 
(luently,  been  found  to  fail  in  its  desired 
effect  on  many  occasions  when  ibe  pe- 
cuniary claims  of  the  Church  we»e  to 
be  enforced,  or  her  correctional  urders 
obeyed,  and  she  had  felt  herself,  tbougJi 
with  aversion,  compelled  to  iesojt  to 
the  fortifying  arm  of  the  secuUr  law. 
This  invocatio  hrachii  ^tecuhria,  as  the 
canonists  quaintly  termed  it,  was^  the 
only  resource  that  lay  in  htr  puwrrs 
for  the  acceptance  of  an  authcmty  of 
equal  strength  and  sternness  with  ihe 
ordinary  secular  jurisdiclion,  though  it 
were  the  voluntary  and  unaolicited 
offer  of  the  princes  who  were  entitled 
to  confer  it,  would  in  her  appreheDsion 
have  exposed  her  to  the  imputation  of 
having  abandoned  the  sacred  precepts 
of  her  divine  Founder,  whose  kingdom 
had  been  by  him  declared  to  be  not  of 
this  world.  This  feebleness  of  the 
ecclesiastical  jurisdiction  was  therefore 
originally  of  its  own  choosing. 

The  epoch  of  the  fu^t  application  of 
this  nature  h  uncertain,  hut  it  was 
undoubtedly  early,  and  the  temporal 
power  appears  to  "have  teen  in  all  ages 
subse(|uent  to  the  establishment  of 
Christianity  attentive  to  the  wants  of 
the  Church  in  this  respect,  and  ready 
to  afford  aid  of  this  limited  kind  on 
all  occasions  of  her  invocation. 

But  even  when  custom  had  fami- 
liarized it  in  the  minds  of  men,  and 
the  highest  authorities  of  the  Church 
had  sanctioned  it  by  their  express 
approval  and  practice,  there  were  many 
ecclesiastics  to  whose  rigid  conscicoces 
this  resort  to  the  secular  arm  was  a 
source  of  doubt  and  anxiety,  as  an  in- 
ferential breach  of  the  canon  whenever 
blood  followed  its  active  and  strenuous 
interference.  We  have  an  instance 
where  a  pope  condescended  to  remove 
scruples  of  ibis  kind  which  bad  arisen 
in  the  mind  of  a  well-disposed  but 
timid  churchman*  Clement  lU.  in  a 
decretal  epistle  addressed  to  a  bishop 


Rise  and  Progress  of  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts. 


40 

(whose  name  and  diocese  are  sup- 
pressed by  the  compiler,)  in  order  to 
silence  the  doubts  which  the  other 
appears  to  have  entertained  and  ex- 
pressed  on  the  subject,  urges  that  "  if 
the  king  (to  whom  the  sword  of  justice 
is  committed  to  uphold  the  good  as 
well  as  to  punish  the  bad)  has  directed 
upon  the  rebels  of  ecclesiastic  authority 
the  power  so  entrusted  to  him,  on  the 
complaint  of  the  Church,  the  con- 
sequences of  such  contumacy  must 
alone  be  imputed  to  their  stubbornness 
or  guilt."* 

The  Conqueror  provided  for  the 
English  Ecclesiastical  Courts  the  same 
relief  and  support  which  were  allowed 
to  them  on  the  continent. 

The  next  section  of  the  act  contains 
a  remarkable  enactment,  "  He  who,  on 
being  called,  has  refused  to  come  to 
the  justice  of  the  bishop,  (ad  justiciam 
episcopi,)  for  each  calling  shall  amend 
the  episcopal  law."t  This  alludes, 
without  doubt,  to  the  loite  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  sera,  for  ofer8ewennis9e, 
which  the  defendant  incurred  by  con- 
tumaciously absenting  himself  from 
the  court  of  the  judge  by  whose 
summons  he  was  convened.^  The  next 
section  is  as  follows:  "This  also  1 
forbid,  and  by  my  authority  prohibit, 
that  any  sheriff,  bailiff,  or  minister  of 
the  king,  nor  any  layman,  intermeddle 
in  the  laws  which  belong  to  the  bishop, 
nor  any  layman  bring  another  man 
without  justice  to  trial  before  the 
bishop.  "§ 

These  enactments  are  only  intended 
as  a  piece  of  advice  to  each  court  to 
mind   its   own  jurisdiction,   without 

♦  Decret.  Greg.  9.  lib.  5,  tit.  12,  c.  21. 
"  Si  te  hujusmodi  querimoniam  simpliciter 
deponente  rex  (cui  ad  bonoram  laudem, 
vindictam  vero  malorum  gladius  est  corn- 
missus,)  in  eosdem  rcbclles  traditam  sibi 
cxercuerit  potcstatem,  eonim  erit  duritis 
aat  malitise  imputandum." 

t  *'  lUe  autem  qui  vocatus  ad  justitiam 
episcopi  venire  noluit,  pro  unaquaque  vo- 
catione  legem  episcopalem  emendabit.*' 

I  Spelman's  Codex,  p.  349,  Laos  Hon. 
I.  c.  24,  81. 

§  Id. '  *  Hocetiam  defendo  ct  mea  autho- 
ritate  interdico  ne  ullos  vicecomes  aut  pre- 
positus  aut  niinister  regis,  nee  aliquis 
laicus  homo,  de  legibu:}  quae  ad  episcopum 
uertinent,  se  intromittat,  nee  aliquis  laicus 
homo  alium  bominem  sine  justitia  episcopi 
ad  judicium  adducat.*' 
5 


[J« 


encroaching  on  the  prorince  of  the 
other,  and  from  them  was  afterwards 
deduced  the  practice  of  prohibitions. 

Another  section  concludes  the  ordi- 
nance, "  Judgment  shall  be  given 
(perhaps  it  should  rather  be  rendered 
trial  shall  be  held)  in  no  place  but  the 
episcopal  seat,  or  in  that  place  which 
the  bishop  shall  have  appointed  for  the 
purpose."||  This  lastsentence  is  hardly 
more  than  a  repetition  of  part  of  the 
aforegoing  provisions.  Though  this 
ordinance  effected  aconsiderable  change 
in  the  legal  constitution  of  the  country, 
and  deprived  the  municipal  judicatare 
of  a  portion  of  its  seemingly  former 
occupation  and  employment,  yet  it 
must  have  been  in  no  degree  a  source 
of  regret  to  the  Norman  lawyers  who 
now  presided  over  the  English  courts, 
as  they  could  hardly  feel  any  disincli- 
nation to  relinquish  the  cognizance  of 
matters  with  the  study  of  which  they 
were  totally  unfamiliar,  as  such  sub- 
jects had  formed  no  part  of  their  pre- 
vious legal  discipline  or  training. 

The  same  extent  of  jurisdiction  which 
existed  on  the  continent  would  appear 
to  have  been  transplanted,  without 
curtailment,  into  this  country.  Inde- 
pendently of  the  entire  control  over 
the  peculiar  affairs  of  the  Church,  and 
of  all  ecclesiastic  structures,  the  ordi- 
nary was  the  judge  who  signified  to 
the  king's  justices  the  fact  of  a  marriage 
and  the  legitimacy  of  a  birth.  He  pro- 
nounced a  sentence  of  divorce  between 
married  parties,  and  determined  the 
validity  of  a  will  or  decreed  payment 
of  a  legacy.  These  and  other  points 
occur  in  the  early  common- law  records 
as  admitted  portions  of  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Church.  In  addition  to  this  she 
afterwards  acquired  the  undisputed 
management  of  tithe  suits,  and  a  com- 
plete power  over  the  personal  estates 
of  all  persons  dying  intestate. 

Doctors'  Commons.  H.  C.  C. 

(7b  he  continued.) 


II  Id.  ^<  Judicium  vero  in  nuUo  loco  por- 
tetur  nisi  in  episcopali  sede  ant  in  illo  loco 
quem  ad  hoc  episcopus  constituent."  The 
expression  ♦•  portare  judicium"  occurs  in 
Domesday,  Lincoln.  33G.  **  Sed  his 
jurantibus  contradicit  Vluiet,  et  offert  se 
poriaturum  judicium  quod  non  ita  est 
sicuti  dicunt.'^ 


1844,]         Chapter  by  Dr.  Johnson  in  «  7^^  Female  Quixote:' 


41 


k 


Mr.  Urban,     B^h^ll.  Dec,  20. 

I  NOW  send  for  msertioD  the  rhiip- 
ter  of  Mrs*  L«noox*s  Female  Quixote, 
which,  in  a  previous  communicftlion, 
(vol,  XX,  p.  132.)  I  informed  you  I 
had  discovered  to  be  the  production  of 
Dr.  Johnson's  pen.  It  is  carious  that 
it  should  have  escaped  the  notice  of 
different  critics  and  commentators  ; 
the  book  in  which  it  is  found  is 
txow  so  tittle  known,  that  probably 
rzry   few  of  your   readers  have  ever 

ked  into  it.    The  proof  of  the  paper 

ing  the  production  of  Johnson  rests 
on  its  inttmal  evidence ;  to  which  is 
to  be  added,  that  twice  in  the  same 
book  (the  Female  Quixote)  Mre.  Len- 
nox diverges  from  her  subject  to  praise 
Dr.  Johnson  in  the  highest  terms ; 
that  the  heading  of  the  Chapter  is 
tery  significant  of  its  not  having  been 
written  by  the  author  of  the  rest  of 
the  volume;  that  Dr.  Johnson  highly 
esteemed  and  praised  the  talents  of 
Mrs.  Lennox ;  and  that  this  chapter  is 
totally  different  both  in  style  and  sub- 
ject from  the  rest  of  the  work.  I  take 
gome  little  credit  to  myself  for  this 
discorery  of  a  production  of  Dr.  John* 
toik^s  thmt  has  so  long  been  concealed 
froni  the  many  critics  and  admirers  of 
his  works,  who  have  all  been  laudably 
afixioas  to  find  and  preserve  the 
aoiftlksl  fragment  that  dropped  from 
liin. 

Yours,  dec-    J.  M, 


P.S.  Johnson  quotes  the  dedica- 
tion to  Mrs.  Lennox's  "  Shakspeorc 
Illustrated.'*  Mr.  Crokcr  says,  "John- 
son was  always  extremely  kind  to  her  " 
(Mrs,  Lennox)  ;vid.  Recoil. vol. i.p,  308. 
He  wrote  the  Dedication  to  Mrs.  Len- 
nox's Female  Quixote,  RecolK  voL  ii.  p. 
134.  In  1775  lie  wrote  proposals  for 
publishing  the  Works  of  Mrs.  Charlotte 
Lcouox,  Recoil,  vol.  v.  p.  222,  Here 
Eoswcll  says,  "In  his  Diary,  January 
2,  I  find  this  entry,  'Wrote  Char- 
lotte's Proposals ;'  but,  indeed,  the 
inti*mal  evidence  would  have  been  quite 
iujfficimt."  When  Goldsmith  told 
Johnson  that  some  one  had  advised 
him  to  go  and  hiss  Mrs.  Lennox's  play, 
because  she  bad  attacked  Shakspeare, 
Johnson  said,  "And  did  you  not  tell 
hira  that  he  was  a  rascal  ?"  See  vii, 
35 S,  "  May  15,  1784.  He  told  us  he 
dined  at  Mr.  Garrick's  with  Miss 
Carter,  Mrs.  H.  More,  and  Fanny 
Burney.  Three  such  women  nre  not 
to  be  found  ;  1  know  not  where  1  could 
go  for  a  fourth,  except  Mrs,  Lennox t 
who  in  snpfTwr  to  them  aW."  This  ex- 
ternal evidence  shews  what  wouid  be 
Johnson's  disposition  to  assist  Mrs. 
Lennox  ;  the  internal  evidence  of  this 
chapter,  that  he  did.  Of  course  I 
consider  that  part  of  the  sentence  "  to 
use  the  words  of  the  greatest  genius 
of  the  present  age,"  to  be  the  ex p res- 
sion  of  Mrs.  Lennox's  gratitude  for 
the  assistance  afforded  her. 


Chap.  XL 

IK  TUK    author's    OPINtOK,    TIIK    BEST    CtlAFTlfa    IN    TUIB    HISTOAT. 


THE  good  divine,  who  had  the  cure 
of  Arabella's  roind  greatly  at  heart, 
no  sooner  perceived  that  the  health  of 
her  body  was  almost  restored,  and 
that  he  might  talk  to  her  without  the 
fear  of  any  inconvenience,  Iban  he  in^ 
tfoduced  the  subject  of  her  throwing 
llCT9€lf  into  the  river,  which  he  had 
before  lightly  touched  upon,  and  still 
cteclartd  himself  dissatisfied  with. 

Arabella,  now  more  disposed  to  i\e- 
fend  this  point  than  when  languishing 
under  the  pressure  of  pain  and  dejec- 
lioo  of  roind,  endeavoured,  by  argu- 
ments founded  upon  romantic  heroism, 
to  prove,  that  it  was  not  only  reason- 
able  and  Just,  hut  also  great  and  glo- 
rioQs,  and  exactly  conformable  to  the 
rules  of  heroic  virtue* 

The  Doctor  listened  to  her  with  a 
mixed  emotion,   between   pity,   revc- 

G»XT.  Mag.  Vol.  XXL 


rence,  and  amazement :  and  though  ia 
the  performance  of  his  office  he  had 
been  accustomed  to  accommodate  his 
notions  to  every  understanding,  and 
had  therefore  accumulated  a  great  va- 
riety of  topics  and  illustrations,  yet 
he  found  himself  now  engaged  in  a 
controversy  for  which  he  was  not  so 
well  prepared  as  he  imagined,  and  was 
at  a  loss  for  some  leading  principle 
by  which  he  might  introduce  his  rea- 
sonings and  begin  his  confutation. 

Though  he  saw  much  to  praise  in 
her  discourse,  he  was  afraid  of  con- 
firming her  obstinacy  by  commenda- 
tion :  and,  though  he  also  found  much 
to  blame,  he  dreaded  to  give  pain  to  a 
delicacy  he  revered. 

Perceiving,  however,  that  Arabella 
was  siient,  as  if  expecting  his  reply, 
be  resolved  not  to  bring  upon  himself 
G 


Chapter  contributed  %  Dr.  Johnson 


tbe  gnOi  of  abaoiloniag  her  to  her  mis* 
take,  and  the  Decessity  of  speaking 
iorctd  htm  to  fiod  something  to  say. 

"TlKOUgb  it  is  not  caay.  Madam/* 
taid  ht,  "for  any  one  that  has  the 
KoDoar  of  conversiDg  with  your  lady- 
iliip  to  preserve  his  attention  free  to 
any  other  idea  than  such  as  your  dis- 
coune  lends  immediately  to  impress, 
yet  J  have  not  been  able,  while  yon 
WM  tpeaking;,  to  refrain  from  aome 
very  mortifying  reflections  on  the  im- 
perfection of  all  hiiman  happiness,  and 
the  uncertain  cooseqiiences  of  all  those 
advantages  which  we  think  ourselves 
not  only  at  liberty  to  desire,  but  obliged 
to  cultivate/* 

** Though  1  have  known  some  dan- 
gers and  distresaes/'  replied  Arabella 
gravely,  "  yet  I  did  not  imagine  myself 
such  a  mirror  of  calamity  as  could 
not  be  seen  without  concern.  If  ray 
life  has  not  been  eminently  fortunate, 
it  has  yet  escaped  the  great  evils  of 
persecution,  captivity,  shipwrecks,  and 
dangers  to  which  many  ladies  far  more 
illustrioua  both  by  birth  and  merit 
than  myself  have  been  expoeed.  And 
indeed,  though  I  have  sometimes  raised 
envy,  or  possibly  incurred  hatred,  yet 
I  have  no  reason  to  believe  I  waa  ever 
beheld  with  pity  before/' 

The  Doctor  saw  he  had  not  Intro* 
doccd  bis  discourse  in  the  moat  accept- 
able manner  i  but  it  was  too  late  to 
repent. 

"Let  roe  not.  Madam,"  said  he, 
"  be  censured  before  I  have  fully  ex- 
plaiued  my  sentiments.  That  you 
have  been  envied,  1  can  readily  be- 
lieve :  for  who  that  gives  way  to 
natural  passions  has  not  reason  to 
envy  the  Lady  Arabella?  But  that 
you  have  been  hated,  1  am  indeed  less 
willing  to  think,  though  1  know  how 
easily  the  greater  part  of  mankind 
hate  those  by  whom  they  are  ex- 
celled/' 

"  If  the  misery  of  my  condition,*' 

replied  Arabella,  "  has  been  able  to 

b^txcite  that  melancholy  your  first  words 

[jieemed  to   imply,   flattery   will   con- 

Ltributc  very  little  towards  the  improve- 

iaient  of  it.     Nor  do  I  expect  from  the 

tie  verity  of  the   sacerdotal    character 

lAny  of   those   praites  which    1  hear 

Lperhaps  with  too  much  pleasure  from 

I  the  rest  of  the  world.     Having  been 

•o  lately  on  the  brink  of  that  state,  in 

which  ill  distinctions  bul  thst  of  good- 


ness are  destroyed,  I  have  not  re- 
covered so  much  levity  but  that  I 
would  yet  rather  hear  instructions 
than  compliments,  if  therefore  you 
have  observed  in  me  any  dangerous 
tenets,  corrupt  passions,  or  criminal 
desires,  i  conjure  you  discover  me  to 
myself.  Let  no  false  civility  restrain 
your  admonitions.  Let  me  know  this 
evil  which  can  strike  a  good  roan  with 
horror^  and  which  1  dread  the  more, 
as  I  do  not  feel  it.  I  cannot  suppose 
that  a  man  of  your  order  would  be 
alarmed  at  any  other  misery  than 
guilt:  nor  will  I  thiuk  so  meauly  nf 
him  whose  dircctioa  I  have  in  treated 
as  to  imagioe  he  can  think  virtue  uti-  M 
happy,  however  overwhelmed  by  dia-  ( 
asters  or  oppression.  Keep  me  there- 
fore no  loEigcr  in  suspense  :  1  expect 
you  will  exert  the  authority  of  your 
function,  and  1  promise  you,  on  my 
part,  sincerity  and  submission/'  ^ 

The  good  man  was  now  completely  H 
embarrassed;  he  saw  his  meaning 
mistaken,  but  was  afraid  to  explain  it, 
lest  he  should  seem  to  pay  court  by  a 
cowardly  retraction :  he  therefore 
paused  a  little,  and  Arabella  supposed 
he  was  studying  for  such  expressions 
as  might  convey  censure  without  of- 
fence. 

*' Sir,"  said  she,  "if  you  are  not 
yet  satisfied  of  my  w^illingness  to  hear 
your  reproofs,  let  me  evince  my  do- 
cility by  intreating  you  to  consider 
yourself  as  dispensed  from  all  cere- 
mony upon  this  occasion/'  M 
'*  Your  imaginations,  Madam/'  re-  I 
plied  the  Doctor,  "  are  too  quick  for 
language ;  you  conjecture  too  soon 
what  you  do  not  wait  to  hear,  and 
reason  upon  suppositions  which  can- 
not be  allowed  you.  When  I  men- 
tioned my  reflections  upon  human 
misery,  I  was  far  from  concluding 
your  ladyship  miserable,  compared 
with  the  rest  of  mankind  ;  and,  though 
contemplating  the  abstracted  idea  of 
possible  felicity,  I  thought  that  even 
you  might  be  produced  at*  an  instance 
that  it  is  not  attainable  in  this  world. 
I  did  not  impute  the  imperfection  of 
your  state  to  wickedness,  but  intended 
to  observe,  that,  though  even  virtue  be 
added  to  external  advantages,  there 
will  yet  be  something  wanting  to  hap* 
piness.  Whoever  sees  you.  Madam, 
will  immediately  say,  that  nothing 
can  hinder  you  from  being  the  happiest 


1844.] 


to  **  7%€  Female  QnUote:* 


4S 


jof  mortals  but  want  of  power  to  un- 
Idcrstand  your  own  advantages.  And 
I  whoever  is  admitted  to  your  convcrsa- 
I  lion  will  be  convinced  that  you  enjoy 
lalJ  that  inteUectual  excellence  can  con- 
|f€r ;  yet  1  see  you  harassed  with  in- 
Bunierahie  terrors  and  perplexities, 
rHicb  never  disturb  the  peace  of  po- 
jTcrty  or  ignorance." 

I  cannot  discover/'  said  Arabella, 
f "  how  poverty  or  ignorance  can  be 
Iprivilegcd  from  casualty  or  violence, 
Ifrom  the  ravisher,  the  robber,  or  the 
|«nemy.  1  should  hope  rather  that,  if 
irealth  and  knowledge  can  give  no- 
I thing  else«  they  at  least  confer  judg- 
neot  to  foresee  danger,  and  power  to 
I  oppose  it/' 

"They  are  not,  indeed;"  returned 
Ithe  Doctor,  "secured  against  real  mh- 
Jibrtunes,  but  they  are  happily  defended 
'  om  wild  imaginations :  they  do  not 
»u5pe€t  what  cannot  happen,  nor  figure 
^favishers  at  a  dt&taucep  and  leap  into 
F rivers  to  escape  them/' 

"Do  you  suppose,  then,"  said  Ara- 
bclU,  "that  I  was  frighled  without 
L  cause?" 

"It  is  certain.  Madam,*'  replied  he, 
'  that  no  injury  was  intended  you/' 

'*  Disiagenuity,  Sir/'  said  Arabella, 
•*  does   not   become    a    clergyman — I 
think  too  well  of  your  understanding 
J  to  imagine  your  fallacy  deceives  your- 
laeir:  why  then  should  you  hope  that 
lit  will  deceive  me  ?     The  laws  of  con- 
(ference  require  that  the  terras  of  the 
Lquestion  and  answer  be  the  same.     I 
Ittik  if  I  had  not  cause  to  be  frighted  ; 
|%hy  then  am  1  answered  that  no  in- 
|liry  was  intended  ?      Human  beings 
pcanuot  penetrate  intentions,  nor  regu- 
late their  conduct  but  hy  exterior  ap- 
prarances.     And  surely  there  was  suf- 
ficieot  appearance  of  intended  injury, 
ad  that  the  greatest  which  my  sex 
ftn  sotfer/' 

"  Why,  Madam/'  said  the  Doctor, 
'  should  you  still  persist  in  so  wild  an 
erlion  ?" 

••  A  coarse  epithet,"  said  Arabella, 

:^'  ia  so  confutation.     It  rests  upon  you 

shew  that  in  giving  way  to   ray 

9,  even  supposing  them   ground- 

at,  1  departed  from  the  character  of 

i  remsooable  person/' 

"  I  am  afraid/*  replied  the  Doctor, 

if*  of  a  dispute  with  your  ladyship,  not 

^becanae  I  think  myself  in  danger  of 

defeat,  but  becau^e^  being  accustomed 


to  speak  to  scholars  with  scholastic 
rugged uess,  I  may  perhaps  depart,  in 
the  heat  of  argument,  from  that  re- 
spect to  which  you  have  so  great  a 
right,  and  give  offence  to  a  person  I 
am  really  afraid  to  displease.  But,  if 
you  will  promise  to  excuse  ray  ardour, 
I  will  endeavour  to  prove  that  you 
have  been  frighted  without  reason/* 

"  1  should  be  content,'*  replied  Ara- 
bella, "to  obtain  truth  upon  harder 
terms,  and  therefore  iotreat  you  to 
begin/' 

"The  apprehension  of  any  future 
evil.  Madam/' said  the  divine,  "  which 
18  called  terror  when  the  danger  is 
from  natural  causes,  and  suspicion 
when  it  proceeds  from  a  moral  agent, 
must  always  arise  from  comparisoo. 
We  can  judge  of  the  future  only  by 
the  past  J  and  have  therefore  only  rea- 
son to  fear  or  suspect,  when  we  see  , 
the  same  causes  in  motion  which  have 
formerly  produced  mischief,  or  the 
same  measures  taken  as  have  before 
been  preparatory  to  a  crime.  Thus, 
when  the  sailor  in  certain  latitudes 
sees  the  clouds  rise,  experience  bids 
him  expect  a  storm.  When  any  mo- 
narch levies  armies,  his  neighboura 
prepare  lo  repel  an  invasion.  This 
power  of  prognostication  may,  by 
reading  and  conversation,  be  extended 
beyond  our  own  knowledge  :  and  the 
great  use  of  books  is,  that  of  partici- 
pating without  labour  or  haxard  the 
experience  of  others.  But  upon  this 
principle  how  can  you  find  any  reason 
for  your  late  fright  ?  Has  it  ever  been 
known  that  a  lady  of  your  rank  was 
attacked  with  such  intentions,  in  a 
place  so  public,  without  any  prepara- 
tions made  by  the  violator  for  defence 
or  escape  }  Can  it  be  imagined  that 
any  man  would  so  rashly  expose  him- 
self to  infamy  by  failure,  and  to  the 
gibbet  by  success  t  Does  there  in  the 
records  of  the  world  appear  a  single 
instance  of  such  hopeless  villany  I** 

*•  It  is  noTv  lime.  Sir,"  said  Arabella, 
"  to  answer  your  questions,  before  they 
are  too  many  to  be  rememhered.  The 
dignity  of  my  birth  can  very  little  de- 
fend me  against  an  insult  to  which 
the  heiresses  of  great  and  powerful 
empires,  the  daughters  of  valiant 
princes,  and  the  wives  of  renowned 
monarchs,  have  been  a  thousand  timea 
exposed.  The  danger  which  you  think 
ao  great  would  hardly  repel  n  deter- 


44 


Chapter  etnlrtMcd  ly  Dr.  Johwm 


[Jan. 


mined  Bind ;  for,  in  effect,  wlio  wonld 
hnTe  attempted  my  rceciie,  aeeing  dint 
no  kntght  or  Tmlinnt  csTnlier  wms 
within  Tiew  ?  Whmt  then  shonld  haTe 
hindered  him  from  placing  me  in  a 
chariot,  dming  it  into  the  pathlem 
desert,  and  immuring  me  in  a  castle, 
among  woods  and  monntains?  Or 
hiding  me  perhaps  in  the  caTerns  of  a 
rock,  or  confining  me  in  some  island 
of  an  immense  lake  :*' 

'*From  all  this.  Madam,"  inter- 
mptcd  the  clergyman.  '*  he  is  hindered 
hr  impossibility.  He  cannot  carry 
Tcm  to  any  of  these  dreadful  places, 
becanse  there  is  no  such  castle,  desert, 
eavem,  or  lake.*' 

''Vou  will  pardon  me.  Sir,'*  laid 
Arahella,  "  if  I  recnr  to  your  own 
principles :  yon  allow  that  experience 
may  he  gained  by  books,  and  certainly 
thei«  is  no  part  of  knowledge  in  which 
we  are  obliged  to  trust  them  more 
than  in  descriptive  geography.  The 
moat  restless  activity  in  the  longest 
lif^  can  survey  but  \  small  part  of 
the  habitable  globe  :  and  the  rest  can 
only  be  known  from  the  report  of 
others.  Universal  negatives  are  sel- 
dom safe,  and  are  least  to  be  allowed 
when  the  disputes  are  about  objects  of 
sense,  where  one  position  cannot  be 
inferred  (\tom  another.  That  there  is 
a  castle,  any  man  who  has  seen  it  may 
safely  affirm.  But  you  cannot  with 
equal  reason  maintain  that  there  is  no 
castle,  because  you  have  not  seen  it. 
Why  should  I  imagine  that  the  face  of 
the  earth  is  altered  since  the  time  of 
those  heroines  who  experienced  so 
many  changes  of  uncouth  captivity  ? 
Castles,  indeed,  are  the  works  of  art, 
and  are  therefore  subj^  to  decay; 
hut  lakes,  and  caverns,  and  deserts, 
must  always  remain.  And  why,  since 
you  call  for  instances,  should  I  not 
dread  the  misfortunes  which  hap- 
pened to  the  divine  Clelia,  who  was 
carried  to  one  of  the  isles  of  the  Thra- 
symenian  Lake  ?  Or  of  those  which 
hefel  the  beautifVil  Candace,  Queen  of 
Ethiopia,  whom  the  pirate  Zenodorus 
wandered  with  on  the  seas  ?  Or  the 
accidents  which  embittered  the  life  of 
the  incomparable  Cleopatra  ?  Or  the 
pertecotions  which  made  that  of  the 
ndr  Elisa  miserable  ?  Or,  in  fine,  the 
▼arious  distresses  of  many  other  hir 
and  virtuous  princesses ;  such  as  those 
which  happened  to  Olympia,  Bella- 


mira,  Putsatis,  Berenice,  Amalagan« 
dm,  Agiodne,  Albysinda,  Placidia,  Ar- 
sinoe,  Deidamia,  and  a  thousand  others 
1  oould  mention  ?" 

"  To  the  names  of  many  of  these 
illustrious  sufferers  I  am  an  absolute 
stranger,*'  replied  the  Doctor.  "  The 
rest  I  fainUy  remember  some  mention 
of  in  those  contemptible  Tolumes  with 
which  children  are  sometimes  inju- 
diciously suffered  to  amuse  their  ima- 
ginations ;  but  which  I  little  expected 
to  hear  quoted  by  your  ladyship  in  a 
serious  discourse.  And,  though  I  am 
very  far  from  catching  occasions  of  re- 
sentment, yet  I  think  mi^self  at  liberty 
to  ohserre,  that,  if  1  merited  jour  cen* 
sure  for  one  indelicate  epithet  we 
have  engaged  on  very  unequl  terms 
if  1  may  not  likewise  complain  of  audi 
contemptuous  ridicule  as  yon  are 
pleased  to  exercise  upon  my  opinioiia 
by  opposing  them  with  the  authority 
of  scribblers,  not  only  of  fictions,  bat 
of  senseless  fictions;  which  at  once 
Titiate  the  mind,  and  pervert  the  un- 
derstanding ;  and  which,  if  they  are  at 
any  time  read  with  safety,  owe  their 
innocence  only  to  their  absurdity.'* 

"  From  these  books.  Sir,"  said  Ara- 
bella, "  which  you  condemn  with  so 
much  ardour,  though  you  acknowledge 
Tourself  litUe  acquainted  with  them,  I 
hare  learnt  not  to  recede  from  the  con- 
ditions I  have  granted,  and  shall  not 
therefore  censure  the  licence  of  your 
language,  which  glances  from  the 
books  upon  the  readers.  These  books. 
Sir,  thus  corrupt,  thus  absurd,  thus 
dangerous  alike  to  the  intellect  and 
monls,  I  have  read,  and  that  I  hope 
without  injunr  to  my  judgment  or  my 
virtue." 

Tlie  Doctor,  whose  vehemence  had 
hindered  htm  from  discoTcring  all  the 
consequences  of  his  position,  now  found 
himself  entangled,  and  replied  in  a  sub- 
missive tone, 

"  I  confess.  Madam,  my  words  im- 
ply an  accusation  very  remote  from 
my  intention.  It  has  always  been  the 
rule  of  my  life  not  to  justify  any 
words  or  actions  because  they  are 
mine.  I  am  ashamed  of  my  negli- 
gence, I  am  sorry  for  my  warmth,  and 
intreat  your  ladyship  to  pardon  a  fault 
whidi  1  hope  never  to  repeat." 

"  The  reparation.  Sir,"  said  Arabella 
smiling,  "overbalances  the  offence, 
and,  by  thus  daring  to  own  you  favre 


to  "  The  Fmale  Quixote." 


a 


I 


been  in  the  wrong,  you  hire  raised  m 
me  a  much  higher  esteem  for  yoa. 
Vet  I  will  not  pardon  you/'  added 
ihc,  *'  without  enjoining  you  a  pe- 
nance for  the  fault  you  own  you  have 
committed ;  and  this  penance  shall  be 
to  prove,  lirai,  that  these  histories  you 
condemn  are  fictions ;  next,  that  they 
are  absurd  {  and  lastly,  that  they  are 
criminal/* 

The  J>octor  was  pleased  to  find  a 
reconciliation  o^ered  upon  bo  very 
easy  terms  with  a  person  whom  he 
behdd  at  once  with  reverence  and  af- 
fection, and  could  not  oflfend  without 
extreme  regret. 

He  therefore  answered  with  a  very 
che<  rful  composure  :  "  To  prove  those 
narratives  to  he  fictions.  Madam,  is 
only  difficult  because  the  position  is 
aJmost  too  evident  for  proof.  Your 
tadyahip  knows,  I  suppose,  to  what 
aothors  these  writings  are  ascribed  ?" 

"To  the  French  wits  of  the  last 
eentary/'  «aid  Arabella. 

"And  at  what  distance,  Modaro, 
are  the  facts  related  in  them  from  the 
a^e  of  the  writer  ? 

'•  I  W8«  never  exact  in  my  compu- 
taHoa/'  replied  Arabella ;  "  but  I  think 
iDOti  of  the  events  happened  about 
two  thousand  yeani  ago. 

"  How  then.  Madam,"  resumed  the 
Doctor,  ''could  these  events  be  so 
aria«tely  known  to  writers  so  far  re- 
mote (ram  the  tiaie  in  which  they 
happened  ?'* 

**  By  records,  monnmeotfl,  memoirs, 
and  histories/'  answered  the  l&dy. 

**  But  by  what  accident,  then,"  said 
thaOoctorv  smiling,  ''did  it  happen 
tfacte  records  and  monuments  were 
kept  universally  secret  to  mankind  till 
the  last  century  f  What  brought  all 
tbe  meoioirs  of  the  remotest  nations 
and  earliest  ages  only  to  Prance  ? 
Where  were  they  hidden  that  none 
oosid  rooanlt  them  but  a  few  obscure 
anthors?  And  whither  are  they  now 
vanished  again  that  they  can  be  found 
DO  more  t** 

Armbdla,  having  eat  silent  a  while. 
iM  Kim  that  she  found  hia  questions 
imyiltfficutt  to  t>e  answered  ;  and  ihat, 
dMMifh  perhaps  the  authors  themselves 
could  have  told  whence  they  borrowed 
their  matertalfi,  she  should  not  at  pre- 
sent require  any  other  evidence  of  the 
first  aaaertion  :  but  allowed  him  to  sup- 
poae  tkam  fictions,  and  required  now 
t&fll  Wihoiddthew  Uiemtc^  beabvord. 


"Your  ladyahip,"  returned  he/*  has, 
I  find^  too  much  understanding  to 
struggle  against  demonstration,  and 
too  much  veracity  to  deny  your  con- 
victions ;  therefore  some  of  the  argu- 
ments by  which  1  intended  to  shew 
the  falsehood  of  these  narratives  may 
be  now  used  to  prove  their  absurdity. 
Vou  grant  them.  Madam,  to  be  fic- 
tions?" 

"  Sir,"  interrupted  Arabella  eagerly, 
"you  are  again  infringing  the  laws  of 
disputation^  You  are  not  to  confound 
a  supposition  of  which  I  allow  you 
only  the  present  use,  with  an  unlimited 
and  irrevocable  concession.  I  am  too 
well  acquainted  with  my  own  weak- 
ness to  conclude  an  opinion  false 
merely  because  1  find  myself  unable  to 
defend  it.  But  1  am  in  haste  to  hear 
the  proof  of  the  other  positions,  not 
only  because  they  may  perhaps  supply 
what  is  deficient  in  your  evidence  of 
the  first,  but  because  1  think  it  of  more 
importance  to  detect  corruption  than 
fiction.  Though,  indeed,  falsehood  ia 
a  species  of  corruption,  and  what  false- 
hood is  more  hateful  than  the  falsehood 
of  history  f" 

"Since  you  have  drawn  me  back. 
Madam,  to  the  first  question," returned 
the  Doctor,  "  let  me  know  what  argu* 
ments  your  ladyship  can  produce  for 
the  veracity  of  these  books.  That 
there  are  many  objections  against  it, 
you  yourself  have  allowed,  and  the 
highest  moral  evidence  of  falsehood  ap- 
pears when  there  arc  many  arguments 
against  an  assertion,  and  none  for  it.'' 

"Sir,"  replied  Arabella,  "I  shall 
never  think  that  any  narrative,  which 
IB  not  confuted  by  its  own  absurdity^ 
is  without  one  argument  at  least  on 
its  side  ;  there  is  a  love  of  truth  in  the 
human  mind,  if  not  naturally  im- 
planted, so  easily  obtained  from  reason 
and  experience,  that  1  should  expect  it 
universally  to  prevail  where  there  is 
no  strong  temptation  to  deceit.  We 
hate  to  be  deceived,  we  therefore  hate 
those  that  deceive  us ;  w^e  desire  not 
to  be  hated,  and  therefore  know  that 
we  are  not  to  deceive.  Shew  tne  an 
equal  motive  to  falsehood,  or  confeai 
that  every  relation  has  some  right  to 
credit" 

"This  may  be  allowed,  Madam,** 
said  the  Doctor,  "  when  we  claim  to 
be  credited  ;  but  that  seems  not  to  be 
the  hope  or  intention  of  these  writers/' 

"  Surely,    Sir,"    rcpUed   Arabella, 


Ckapicr  coMiribuitd  bjf  Dr.  Johnson 


46 

*'  you  must  mistake  their  design  ;  he 
that  writes  without  intentioQ  to  be 
credited,  must  write  to  little  purpose ; 
for  what  pleasure  or  advantage  can 
arise  from  facts  that  never  happened? 
\Miat  examples  can  be  afforded  by  the 
patience  of  those  who  never  suffered, 
or  the  chastity  of  those  who  were 
never  solicited?  The  great  end  of 
history  is  to  thew  how  much  human 
nature  can  endure  or  perform.  When 
we  hear  a  story  in  common  life  that 
raises  our  wonder  or  compassion,  the 
first  confutation  stills  our  emotions, 
and.  however  we  were  touched  before, 
we  then  chase  it  from  the  memory  with 
contempt  as  a  tritle.  or  with  indigna- 
tion as  an  imposture.  Prove,  there- 
fore, that  the  books  which  I  have 
hitherto  read  as  copies  of  life  and 
models  of  conduct  are  empty  fictions, 
and  from  this  hour  I  deliver  them  to 
moths  and  mould ;  and  from  this  time 
consider  their  authors  as  wretches  who 
cheated  me  of  those  hours  I  ought  to 
have  dedicated  to  application  and  im- 
provement, and  betrayed  me  to  a  waste 
of  those  years  in  which  I  might  have 
laid  up  knowledge  for  my  future  life." 
"Shakespeare."  said  the  Doctor. 
*'  calls  just  resentment  the  child  of  in- 
tegrity, and  therefore  1  do  not  wonder 
that  what  vehemence  the  gentleness  of 
your  ladyship's  temper  allows,  should 
be  exerted  upon  this  occasion.  Yet. 
though  I  cannot  forgive  these  authors 
for  having  destroyed  so  much  valuable 
time.  I  cannot  think  them  inten- 
tionally culpable,  because  I  cannot 
believe  they  expected  to  be  credited. 
Truth  is  not  always  injured  by  fiction. 
An  admirable  writer*  of  our  own  time 
has  found  the  way  to  convey  the  most 
solid  instructions,  the  noblest  senti- 
ments, and  the  most  exalted  piety,  in 
the  pleasing  dress  of  a  novel,  f  and.  to 
use  the  words  of  the  greatest  genius  I 
in  the  present  age.  '  has  taught  the 
passions  to  move  at  the  command  of 
virtue.'  The  fables  of  iEsop.  though 
never.  I  suppose,  believed,  yet  have 
been  long  considered  as  lectures  of 
moral  and  domestic  wisdom,  so  well 
adapted  to  the  faculties  of  man.  that 
they  have  been  received  by  all  civi- 
lised nations;  and  the  Arabs  them- 
selves  have  honoured  his  translator 

*  Richardson. 

t  Clarissa. 

;  The  author  pf  the  Rambler. 


[Jan. 


with  the  appellation  of  Locman  the 
wise." 

"  The  fables  of  iEsop."  said  Ara- 
bella. "  are  among  those  of  which  the 
absurdity  discovers  itself,  and  the 
truth  is  comprised  in  the  application ; 
but  what  can  be  said  of  those  tales 
which  are  told  with  the  solemn  air  of 
historical  truth,  and  if  false  conTey  do 
instruction  ?" 

"That  thev  canoot  be  defended, 
Madam."  said  the  Doctor.  "  it  is  my 
purpose  to  prove ;  and  if  to  evince  their 
falsehood  be  sufllcient  to  procure  their 
banishment  from  your  ladyship'scloset. 
their  day  of  grace  is  near  an  end. 
How  is  any  oral  or  written  testimony 
confuted  or  confirmed  ?" 

"  By  comparing  it."  says  the  lady. 
"  with  the  testimony  of  others,  or  wiUi 
the  natural  effects  and  standing  evi- 
dence  of  the  facts  related,  and  some- 
times bv  comparing  it  with  itself." 

"If then  your  ladyship  will  abide 
by  this  last."  returned  he.  "and  com- 
pare these  books  with  ancient  histories, 
you  will  not  only  find  innumerable 
names  of  which  no  mention  was  ever 
made  before,  but  persons  who  lived  in 
different  ages  engaged  as  the  friends 
or  rivals  of  each  other.  You  will  per- 
ceive that  your  authors  have  parcelled 
out  the  world  at  discretion,  erected 
palaces,  and  established  monarchies 
wherever  the  conveniency  of  their  nar- 
rative required  them,  and  set  kings  and 
queens  over  imaginary  nations.  Nor 
have  they  considered  themselves  as  in- 
vested with  less  authority  over  the 
works  of  nature  than  the  institutions 
of  men;  for  they  have  distributed 
mountains  and  deserts,  gulfs  and 
rocks,  wherever  they  wanted  them; 
and.  whenever  the  course  of  their  story 
required  an  expedient,  raised  a  gloomy 
forest,  or  overflowed  the  regions  with 
a  rapid  stream." 

"  I  suppose."  said  Arabella.  "  you 
have  no  intention  to  deceive  me.  and 
since,  if  what  you  have  asserted  be 
true,  the  cause  is  undefensible.  1  shall 
trouble  you  no  longer  to  argue  on  this 
topic;  but  desire  now  to  hear  why. 
supposing  them  fictions,  and  intended 
to  be  received  as  fictions,  you  censure 
them  as  absurd  ?" 

"The  only  excellence  of  falsehood." 
answered  he.  "  is  its  resemblance  to 
truth.  As,  therefore,  any  narrative  is 
more  liable  to  be  confuted  by  its  in- 
coneistenc^r  ytiOi  known  facts,  it  ii  at 


io  "  The  Female  Quixote:' 


B  grestrr  distance  from  the  perfection 
of  iiction  ;  for  there  can  be  no  diffi- 
culty in  framing  a  tale  if  we  arc  left 
at  liberty  to  invert  all  hiatory  and 
nature  for  our  own  conveniency.  When 
a  crime  is  to  be  concealed^  it  is  eoay  to 
cover  it  with  an  imaginary  word. 
When  Virtue  is  to  be  rewarded,  a  na- 
[>n  witli  a  new  name  mavi  without 
ly  expense  of  invention,  raise  her  to 
be  throne^  W^ben  Ariosto  was  told 
f  the  roagnificeuce  of  his  palaces,  he 
Dswered  that  the  cost  of  poetical  ar- 
ikitecture  was  very  little;  and  still 
BS  h  the  coat  of  building  without  art 
ban  without  materials*  But  their 
historical  failures  may  be  easily  passed 
?cr,  when  we  consider  their  physical 
'  philosophical  absurdities  ;  to  bring 
en  together  from  different  countries 
es  not  shock  with  every  inherent  or 
imonstrable  absurdity,  and  therefore, 
then  we  read  only  for  amusement, 
such  improprieties  may  be  borne:  but 
who  can  forbear  to  throw  away  the 
story  that  gives  to  one  man  the  strength 
of  thousands,  that  puts  life  or  death 
ID  a  amile  or  a  frown,  that  recounts 
labours  and  sufferings  to  which  the 
powers  of  humanity  are  utterly  un- 
equal, that  disfigures  the  whole  ap- 
ptarance  of  the  world,  and  represents 
every  thing  in  a  form  different  frora 
that  which  experience  has  shewn  ?  It 
is  the  fault  of  the  best  fictions  that 
they  teach  young  minds  to  expect 
stnmge  adventures  and  sudden  vicis- 
iUidcs,  and  therefore  encourage  them 
1icn  to  trust  to  chance.  A  long  life 
»y  be  passed  without  a  single  occnr- 
renee  that  can  cause  much  surprise,  or 
produce  any  unexpected  consequence 
of  f  reat  importance  ;  the  order  of  the 
world  b  ao  established,  that  all  human 
fairs  proceed  in  a  regular  method, 
ad  very  little  opportunity  is  left  for 
^lies  or  hazards,  for  assault  or  res- 
oe;  but  the  brave  and  the  coward^ 
be  sprightly  and  the  dull,  suffer  them- 
ilves  to  be  carried  alike  down  the 
ean  of  custom.'' 

Arsbella,  who  had   for  some  time 
atened  with  a  wish  to  intenupt  him, 
ow  look  advantage  of  a  short  pause. 
'  I    cannot  imagine,  Sir/'   said   she, 
p'tbAt  you  intend  to  deceive  me,  and 
bcrefore  1  am  inclined  to  believe  that 
ou  are  yourself  mistaken,  and   that 
_  r>of  application  to  learning  has  hin- 
dered you  from  that  acquaintance  with 
\t  world  rn  which  these  authors  ex* 


celled*  I  have  not  long  conversed  in 
public,  yet  I  have  found  that  life  is 
subject  to  many  accidents.  Do  you 
count  my  late  escape  for  nothing  ?  Is  it 
to  be  numbered  among  daily  and  cur- 
sory transactions  that  a  woman  flies 
from  a  ravish er  into  a  rapid  stream  }" 

*' You  must  not,  Madam/'  said  the 
Doctor,  **  urge  as  an  argument  the  fact 
which  is  at  present  the  subject  of  dis- 
pute/* 

Arabella,  blushing  at  the  absurdity 
she  had  been  guilty  of,  and  not  at- 
tempting any  subterfuge  or  excuse,  the 
Doctor  found  himself  at  liberty  to  pro* 
ceed. 

*'  You  must  not  imagine.  Madam," 
continued  he,  *'  thatl  intend  to  arrogate 
any  superionty  when  I  observe,  that 
your  ladyship  must  suffer  me  to  de- 
cide, in  some  measure  authoritatively, 
whether  life  is  truly  described  in  those 
books;  the  likeness  of  a  picture  can 
only  be  determined  by  a  knowledge  of 
the  original..  You  have  had  little  op- 
portunity of  knowing  the  ways  of  man- 
kind, which  cannot  be  learned  but 
from  experience,  and  of  which  the 
highest  understand!  ug  and  the  lowest 
must  enter  the  world  in  equal  igno- 
ranee.  I  have  lived  long  in  a  public 
character,  and  have  thought  it  ray  duty 
to  study  those  whom  I  have  under- 
taken to  admonish  or  instruct.  1  have 
never  been  so  rich  as  to  affright  men 
into  disguise  and  concealment,  nor  so 
poor  as  to  be  kept  at  a  distance  too 
great  for  accurate  observation*  I 
therefore  presume  to  tell  your  ladyship, 
with  great  confidence,  that  your  writers 
have  instituted  a  wo  rid*  of  their  own, 
and  that  nothing  is  more  different  from 
a  human  being  than  heroes  or  he- 
roines." 

"  I  am  afraid.  Sir,"  said  Arabella, 
•'  that  the  difference  is  not  in  favour 
of  the  present  world." 

"  That,  Madam,"  answered  he, 
"  3'our  own  penetration  will  enable 
you  to  judge  when  it  shall  have  made 
you  equally  acquainted  with  both,  I 
have  no  desire  to  determine  a  question, 
the  solution  of  which  will  give  90  little 
pleasure  to  purity  and  benevolence," 

*'  The  silence  of  a  man  who  loves 
to  praise  is  a  censure  suJliciently  se- 
vere," said  the  lady,  '*  May  it  never 
happen  that  you  should  be  unwilling 
to  mention  the  name  of  Arabella.  I 
hope,  whatever  corruption  prevails  in 
the  world,  to  live  in  il  with  virtue,  or. 


Chapter  hf  Dr.  Johnson  in  '^  The  Female  Quixote.'*         [Jan. 

any  preserved  by  natural  softoess^  or 
early  education,  from  learoing  pride 
and  cruelty,  they  are  yet  ia  danger  of 
being  betrayed  to  the  vanity  of  beauty^ 
and  taught  the  arts  of  intrigue.  Lave« 
Madanij  is,  you  know,  the  business^  the 
sole  buBiness,  of  ladies  in  romances." 
Arabella's  blushea  now  hindered  him 
from  proceeding  as  he  had  intended, 
*'  I  perceive/*  continued  he»  **  that  my 
arguments  begin  to  be  leas  agreeable  to 
your  ladyship's  delicacy ;  I  shall  there- 
fore inaiat  no  longer  upon  false  tender- 
ness of  sentiment,  but  proceed  to  those 
outrages  of  the  violent  passions  which, 
though  not  more  dangerous,  are  more 
generally  hateful." 

*'  It  is  not  necessary,  Sir,"  inter- 
rupted Arabella,  "  that  you  strengthen 
by  any  new  proof  a  position  which 
when  calmly  considered  cannot  be 
denied ;  my  heart  yields  to  the  force 
of  truth,  and  I  now  wonder  how  the 
blaze  of  enthusiastic  bravery  coald 
hinder  me  from  remarking  with  abhor- 
rence the  crime  of  deliberate  unneces- 
sary bloodshed,  I  begin  to  perceive 
that  i  have  hitherto  at  least  trifled  away 
my  time,  and  fear  that  I  have  already 
made  some  approaches  to  the  crime  of 
encouraging  violence  and  revenge*" 

'*  1  hope,  Madam,"  said  the  goodmaa 
with  horror  in  his  looks,  "  that  no  life 
was  ever  lost  by  your  incitement." 

Arabella,  seeing  htm  thus  moved, 
burst  into  tears,  and  could  not  imme- 
diately answer.  "  Is  it  possible,'* 
cried  the  Doctor,  "  that  such  geottc- 
ness  and  elegance  ohould  be  stained 
with  blood }" 

"  Be  not  too  hasty  in  yout  censure," 
said  Arabella,  recovering  herself,  '*  i 
tremble  indeed  to  think  how  nearly  I 
have  approached  the  brink  of  murder, 
when  1  thought  myself  only  consulting 
my  own  glory ;  but,  whatever  I  suSer^ 
I  will  never  more  demand  or  instigate 
vengeance,  nor  consider  my  punctilioe 
as  important  enough  to  be  balanced 
against  Itfe/' 

The  Doctor  confirmed  her  in  her 
new  resolutions,  and,  thinking  solitude 
was  necessary  to  compose  her  spirits 
after  the  fatigue  of  so  long  a  conversa- 
tion, he  retired  to  acquaint  Mr.  Glan- 
ville  with  his  success,  who  in  the 
transport  of  his  joy  was  almost  ready 
to  throw  himself  at  his  feet,  to  thank 
him  for  the  miracle,  as  he  called  it, 
that  he  had  performed. 


L  M I  Und  myself  too  much  endangered, 
lo  retire  from  it  with  innocence.  But 
if  you  can  say  so  little  in  commenda- 
tion of  mankind,  how  will  you  prove 
these  histories  to  be  vicioust  which,  if 
they  do  not  describe  real  life,  give  us 
An  idea  of  a  better  race  of  beings  than 
LDow  inhabit  the  world  ?" 

**  It  is  of  little  importance.  Madam," 
replied  the  Doctor,  "  lo  decide  whether 
in  the  real  or  fictitious  life  most  wick- 
edness is  to  be  found.  Books  ought 
to  supply  an  antidote  to  example,  and 
if  we  retire  to  a  contemplation  of 
crimes,  and  continue  in  our  closets  to 
inflame  our  passions,  at  what  time 
must  we  rectify  our  words,  or  purify 
our  hearts  ?  The  immediate  tendency 
of  these  books,  ivhich  your  ladyship 
roust  allow  me  to  mention  with  some 
•everity,  is  to  give  new  fire  to  the  pas- 
sions of  revenge  and  love  ;  two  pas- 
sions which,  even  without  such  power* 
fol  auxiliaries,  it  is  onfi  of  the  severest 
labours  of  reason  and  piety  to  suppress, 
and  which  yet  most  be  suppressed  if 
we  hope  to  be  approved  in  the  sight  of 
the  only  Being  whose  approbation  can 
make  us  happy.  I  am  afraid  your 
ladyship  will  think  me  too  serious." 

"  1  have  already  learned  too  much 
from  you,"  said  Arabella, "  to  presume 
to  instruct  you  ;  yet  suffer  mc  to  cau- 
tion you  never  to  dishonour  your  sacred 
office  by  the  iowiiaes&  of  apologies." 

"  Then  let  me  again  observe,"  re- 
sumed he,  "  that  these  books  soften 
the  heart  to  love,  and  harden  it  to 
murder;  that  they  teach  women  to 
exact  vengeance,  and  men  to  execute 
it ;  teach  women  to  expect  not  only 
worship,  but  the  dreadful  worship  of 
human  sacrifices.  Every  page  of  these 
volumes  is  filled  with  such  extrava- 
gance of  praise  and  expressions  of 
obedience  as  one  human  being  ought 
not  to  hear  from  another ;  or  with  ac- 
counts of  battled,  in  which  thousands 
are  slaughtered  for  no  other  purpose 
than  to  gain  a  smile  from  the  haughty 
beauty,  who  sits  a  calm  spectatress  of 
the  ruin  and  desolation,  bloodshed  and 
misery,  incited  by  herself.  It  is  im- 
possible to  read  these  tales  without 
iestening  part  of  that  humility,  which, 
by  preserving  in  us  a  sense  of  our  alli- 
ance with  all  human  natare,  keeps  us 
awake  to  tenderness  and  sympathy,  or 
without  impairing  that  compassion 
which  is  implanted  In  us  as  an  incen- 
live  f'  ^  kiudnm.    If  there  be 


4 


49 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


Memorials   of  the  great  Civil  fFar  in 

EHtjlaml.frmH  l64G^/o  IGj2  ;   editnl 

/rom  Oriijinal  Letteis  in  the  Bodleian 

Library.     By    Henry   Gary,   M,A, 

2  vqIs.  Bvo. 

THIS  is  uoe  of  the  most  impoiUnt 
hUtorical  work«  publUhed  for  some 
yemft  pAst ;  important,  Dot  as  preseot- 
ing  **  new  lights**  calculated  to  amuse 
and  mislead  the  general  reader,  hut  as 
addiog  to  the  materials  for  English 
history  a  collection  of  valuable  papers 
relating  to  a  period  which  is  universally 
interesiiDg.  All  our  fashionable  bia- 
torical  works  sink  into  their  uatural 
ini^igDiticaQce,  upon  comparison  with 
Mr,  Cary*o  unpretending  but  really 
valuable  volumes. 

The  letters  here  published  are  de- 
rived from  originals  in  the  collection 
of  MSS.  which  formerly  belonged  to 
Biihop  Tanner,  and  are  now  in  the 
Bodleian »  They  are  partly  of  Ms- 
toricol  and  partly  of  biographical  in- 
lereAt^  the  latter  relating  indirectly  to 
public  affairs,  but  principally  to  the 
life  and  fortunes  of  Archbiahop  San* 
croft. 

The  p4?riod  witliin  which  the  letters 
range  commenced  with  the  King's 
leaving  Oxford  and  putting  himself 
into  the  power  of  the  Scots  at  Newark, 
acid  closed  with  the  confusion  which 
terminated  in  the  advance  of  Crom- 
wetl  to  the  Protectorate.  It  embraced 
the  great  events  of  the  surrender  of 
Charles  by  the  Scots,  his  unsuccessful 
attempts  at  an  arrangement  with  the 
parliament,  the  interference  of  the 
army,  the  king's  executiooj  the  parlia- 
ment's victories  in  Ireland  and  Scotland, 
and  Charles  It's  eicape  from  Wor- 
caalcr.  All  these  events  are  more  or 
illiistrated  in  the  volumes  before 

[and  some  of  them  aresubatantjated 
and  eipUined  with  a  power  and  clear- 
Qe«i  which  can  only  be  found  in  the 
le»timuoy  of  intelligent  eye- witnesses. 

'iTie  private  papers — those,  that  is, 
fvktitU  relate  to  Bancroft  and  his 
friends,  possess  considerable  interest, 
anrl  *»tnp/-i.,l]y  because  they  show  the 
fcti  I  irejudices  of  a  respectable 

id*  M    j|y,  and  the  way  in  which 

Gtirr.  Mao.  Vot.  XXI. 


its  members  were  affected  both  in 
mind  and  estate  by  the  public  troubles. 
Some  of  ihem  are  of  a  pathetic  turn, 
some  mock* heroic,  whilst  others  are 
satiricaU  When  the  Royalists  failed 
against  the  parlioment  men  in  the 
field,  Cromwcira  nose  became  a  grand 
point  of  attack,  and  one  of  Bancroft's 
correspondents  is  very  humourous 
upon  the  subject. 

'*One,  in  discourse  about  tlic  Lord's 
anoioted,  stuck  not  to  say,  *  he  thought 
CromwcU  the  very  same.*  (This  was  in 
1G51>«)  '  Add  shall  that  oily  nose  at  last 
go  for  the  Lordii  anoiutcd  ?  No,  we  have 
better  terms  to  express  so  much  desert 
by.  It  is  the  saints'  minimum  quoddam 
naturaie  ;  a  Noh  with- the- wbisp  .  .  .  the 
commonwealth's  no/<  me  tan^ete^  .  .  . 
that  whicli  people  rather  ga2c  at  than  de- 
light in,  and  wherewith  they  are  mRsteredr 
like  a  eompaaj  of  jackdaws  In  tlie  night 
at  sight  or  a  torch  ;  were  that  quenched 
they  would  be  at  their  nest  again.  It  is 
Samson'!!  foxes*  firebrands,  and  all  beaten 
together  into  an  intolerable  nose,  .  .  . 
the  devil's  breeches  tamed  wrong  side 
upwards,  and  elapped  by  mischance  to  the 
gcneraPs  face.  But  iSics  must  not  be  too 
bold  with  the  candle  for  scalding  their 
wings:  it  is,  God  knows  what^  and,  do 
what  I  can,  I  must  leave  it  the  same  I 
found  it' ^     (lL22t>,) 

Sancroft  pictures  Cromwell's  mind 
rather  than  his  appearance,  and  truly, 
if  the  future  Archbishop's  character  of 
the  Protector  was  an  accurate  one,  his 
copper-nose  was  not  the  worst  thing 
about  him. 

'*\Ve  know  his  method  well  enough; 
namely,  by  courteous  overtures  to  cajole 
and  charm  all  parties  when  he  goes  upon 
a  doubtful  service,  and  as  soon  as   it   ts 

over  to  his  mind  to  crush  them 

I  like  him  worse  when  be  is  stealing  of 
hearts  with  Absalom,  than  when  he  is 
lopping  off  heads  like  John  of  Le}'den  ; 
ttccQunting  the  devil  far  more  dangerous 
in  the  serpent  than  in  theliou.'*   (ll.^.'i.) 

These  are  the  representations, 
probably  the  misrepresentations,  of 
prrjti diced  adversaries  j  but  listen  to 
the  man  himself,  and  mark  at  once  the 
superiority  which  his  forcible  lines 
seem  tu  indicate,  in  spite  of  the  colour 
H 


50 


Rbvikw.— Gary's  Memorials  of  the  Civil  War. 


[Jan. 


of  his  nose.  Afler  writing  to  the 
Speaker  a  detailed  account  of  his 
saccesses  in  Ireland,  he  thus  proceeds : 

"  Sir,  what  can  be  said  of  these  things  ? 
Is  it  an  arm  of  flesh  that  doth  these  things  ? 
Is  it  the  wisdom  and  counsel  or  strength 
of  men  ?  It  is  the  Lord  only.  God  will 
curse  the  man  and  his  house  that  dares  to 
think  otherwise.  Sir,  jon  see  the  work 
is  done  by  a  dinne  leading :  God  gets 
into  the  hearts  of  men,  and  persuades 
them  to  come  under  you.  I  tell  you, 
a  considerable  part  of  your  army  is  fitter 
for  an  hospital  than  the  field.  If  the 
enemy  did  not  know  it,  I  should  have 
held  it  impolitic  to  have  writ  it.  They 
know  it,  yet  they  know  not  what  to  do." 
(II.  202.) 

Read  also  the  manly  lines  with 
which  he  transmits  to  the  Speaker  a 
petition  forwarded  to  himself,  the  con- 
tents of  which  related  to  "justice  and 
faith-keeping/'  and  the  performance 
of  an  agreement  to  which  "  the  word 
and  faith  of  the  army"  were  engaged. 

*'  If  he,"  says  Cromwell,  ^*  desires  that 
which  is  not  just  and  honourable  for  you 
to  grant,  I  shall  willingly  bear  blame  for 
this  trouble,  and  be  g^  to  be  denied ; 
but  if  it  be  just  and  honourable,  and  tends 
to  make  good  the  faith  of  your  servants, 
I  take  the  boldness  then  to  pray  he  may 
stand  or  fall  according  to  that ;  and  this 
desire,  I  hope,  is  in  faithfulness  to  you, 
and  will  be  so  judged." 

In  this  straightforward  style  the 
Protector's  despatches  were  gene- 
rally penned,  as  the  volumes  be- 
fore us  amply  prove,  although  his 
letters  are  neither  the  least  known,  nor 
the  most  numerous,  nor  the  most  valu- 
able portion  of  their  contents. 

The  advice  given  to  Charles  I.  by 
the  bishops,  whom  he  consulted  in 
reference  to  his  conscientious  scruples 
as  to  the  overthrow  of  episcopacy,  and 
the  application  of  church  lands  to 
secular  uses,  is  here  shewn  by  a  letter 
from  Bishops  Juxon  and  Dappa, 
dated  Oct.  4,  1G4G,  in  which  the  king 
is  clearly  told,  that,  in  their  opinion, 
without  breach  of  his  coronation  oath, 
or  trespass  in  point  of  conscience,  he 
might  consent  to  a  temporary  "exercise 
of  the  Directory  for  worship  and 
practice  of  discipline/'  In  the  follow- 
ing year,  in  consequence  of  a  proposal 
made  to  the  king  for  a  general  tolera- 
tion in  religious  matters,  the  opinions 
of  several  of  the  bishops  were  taken 
upon  the  question,  whether,  upon  a 


necessity  of  state,  a  Christian  prince 
might  lawfully  tolerate  other  religions, 
so  as  to  bind  hiniself  not  to  punish 
any  subject  for  the  exercise  of  any 
of  them.  We  have  here  the  opinions 
of  Bishop  Skinner  and  Archbishop 
Usher  in  favour  of  such  toleration, 
under  the  circumstances  aupposed. 
Bishop  Warner,  of  Rochester,  was  also 
consulted,  but  his  answer  simply 
amounted  to  the  intimation  of  his 
willingness  to  be  of  any  opinion  that 
might  please  the  king  (i.  346)  ;  and 
Bishop  Morton,  of  Durham,  sent  an 
answer,  the  tenor  of  which  does  not 
appear. 

But  the  most  valuable  opinion  up- 
on the  questions  of  conscience  upon 
ecclesiastical  matters,  with  which 
Charles  I.  seems  to  have  been  troubled, 
is  contained  in  a  very  long  letter  of 
Jeremy  Taylor's,  which,  in  spite  of  a 
great  deal  of  sophistical  pedantry,  con« 
tains  much  practical  wisdom.  In  some 
of  his  conclusions,  respecting  the  alien- 
ation of  church  lands  by  the  state,  we 
could  not  concur ;  but  the  following 
simple  sentence  contains  a  common- 
sense  view  of  the  obligation  of  the 
coronation  oath  which  has  been  gene* 
rally  overlooked,  even  down  to  very 
recent  times. 

"Theking*8  oath  binds  him  to  main- 
tain the  rights  of  the  church  as  it  ties  him 
to  defend  the  laws;  which  he  is  to  de- 
fend so  long  as  they  are  in  being,  but  nc^ 
bound  against  all  changes,  popular  peti- 
tions, necessities  and  emergencies,  to  pre- 
serve their  being."     (II.  99.) 

The  same  great  writer  in  this  re- 
markable paper  expresses  also  an 
opinion  upon  another  important  ec- 
clesiastical subject,  which  is  well 
worthy  of  being  pondered. 

"  I  consider  that  God  is  not  always  heft 
served  by  the  richest  clergy;  that  our 
blessed  Lord  commends  poverty,  and 
entailed  it  upon  his  church  by  his  doctrine 
and  example ;  that  he  speaks  so  harshly 
of  riches,  that  himself  was  once  put  to  tt 
to  expound  tlie  meaning  of  his  words; 
and  yet,  after  that,  his  Apostles,  when  they 
received  the  spirit  of  Christ,  still  prose- 
cuted the  words  of  Christ  against  riches. 
1  add,  that,  although  lands  are  not  easy  to 
be  had,  yet  the  Apostles  parted  with  them, 
and  put  the  sequel  to  God's  providence.** 
(11.  95.) 

It  is  extraordinary,  and  presents  a 
somewhat  melancholy  picture  of  the 


164'!.]        Rbtibw.— Gary's  Memorials  of  the  Civil  War. 


SI 


character  of  Cbarlefl,  to  find  that, 
aithoagh  his  conscience  was  so  tender 
upon  theae  queatioo^  of  eccleaiastical 
government,  he  could  yet  quibble, 
and  what  in  ordinary  life  would 
b€  termed  BhutHe,  witli  the  solemn 
obligation  of  his  own  given  word. 
An  iDBtaoce  of  this  occurred  whilst 
he  waaat  Carisbrooke,  if  the  facts  here 
stated  are  to  be  depended  upon.  Charles 
had  passed  his  royal  word  that  he 
would  not  go  out  of  the  Isle  of  Wight 
daring  a  treaty  with  certain  commia- 
sionersp  nor  for  3$  days  afterwards. 
It  was,  however,  whispered  to  Ham- 
mond, the  governor  of  Carisbrookc 
caalte,  that  the  placing  guards  round 
the  king  might  be  construed  by  him 
to  make  hi*  engagement  void.  He 
accordingly,  in  the  presence  of  the 
conunlssioners.  "  pressed  the  king  *  * 
to  declare  whether  he  made  any  such 
question  ;  if  so,  that  he  would  please 
to  utter  it/'  Now  here  was  a  plain 
question  put  to  the  king  with  a  soldier* 
like  frankness.  A  clear  candid  mind 
would  have  dictated  an  immediate  and 
certaJD  reply ;  a  splitter  of  straws 
might  indulge  doubts,  and  endeavour 
to  shield  biniMelf  uuder  ambiguities 
and  refined  dtstinctioos.  Hammond 
relates  the  conduct  of  the  King  thus  : 

**  He  seeming  somewhat  surprised, 
d«atfed  time  to  congidtir  it,  professing  not 
lo  have  IbQUj^lit  on  it  before.  But  I,  per- 
Mivtag  t^  danger  of  such  a  reserve^ 
mrnaeA  mUh.  gmater  eamestnefls  to  a  clear 
flaalsraiioa  of  himaelf  on  the  point,  tcU* 
tog  him  thnt  otherwise  bis  parole  signified 
notbing,  and  d^ired  his  positi?e  answer 
AS  the  caae  now  stood  with  him.  Uis 
mi^sty  aToided  it  long.  1  then  told  him » 
il^ie  ceotincU  at  bif  door  (I  having  kept 
aoe^MT  since  the  engagem<^nt  of  hia  word) 
were  Hfeniive  to  him,  and  would  abr 
•otetaH'  clear  him  in  that  question  be 
nenM  to  m&ke  scmpte,  thej  should  be 
talten  t»0,  (they  being  onlf  set  to  keep  off 
pcopJe  from  pressing  into  his  lodgingi,) 
and  p tailed  at  a  farther  distance  with  the 
guard  which  b  kept  to  pre§erve  his 
majjcilj's  person  from  Tiolence  ;  assuring 
him  I  only  depended  upon  his  word,  which 
the  parliament  had  pleased  to  accept,  for 
hifl  not  removing  out  of  the  island.  He 
told  me  J  it  wonJd  be  then  more  dear,  and 
tbei  fcmr  or  ftre  tcveral  tlmea  :  at  length, 
upoa  ray  importunity,  not  being  to  be 
asljafied  with  a  doubtful  nnswer,  he  con- 
daded  himielf  to  be  obliged  by  hii  parole, 
if  the  laid  ceatiiials  were  takan  away ; 
wfekii  I  thaa  pfomiied  hia  should  be 


done  before  the  commissioners,  and  ae* 
cordingly  it  was  immediately  observed.** 
(11.  55.) 

It  was  almost  immediately  after  thit 
transaction  that  Cromwell  declared 
of  the  King  in  the  House  of  Commons, 
"  that  he  was  so  great  a  dissembler* 
and  so  false  a  man,  that  he  was  not  to 
be  trusted." 

Tn  the  brief  notice  of  a  work  of  thia 
kind  to  which  we  are  limited,  by  the 
small  space  we  can  devote  to  it,  it  ia 
impossible  to  do  more  than  to  express 
a  general  opinion  of  its  value,  and 
give  one  or  two  examples  of  its  con- 
tents. The  passages  we  have  already 
quoUd  are  sufficient  for  this  purpose, 
and  ure  indeed  fair  specimens  of  the 
nature  of  the  documents  here  printed, 
but  we  will  give  one  more,  relating  to 
the  heroic  Earl  of  Derby,  husband  of 
the  equally  heroic  Charlotte  de  la 
Tremouille,  who  was  a  grandaughter 
of  the  great  Prince  of  Orange  (*'  Father 
William,"  as  he  is  atil)  called  in  Hol- 
land), and  through  him  connected 
with  a  race  of  heroes.  When  the  Earl 
of  Derby  was  captured  after  the  battle 
of  Worcester,  the  parliament  did  not 
forget  the  terms  Id  which  he  had  re- 
fused to  deliver  up  the  Isle  of  Man, 
and  the  noble  loyalty  to  his  sovereign 
which  he  had  at  all  times  evinced. 
"  I  scorn  your  proffer,  I  disdain  your 
favour,  I  abhor  your  treasons ;  and 
am  BO  far  from  delivering  up  this  island 
to  your  advantage,  that  1  shall  keep 
it  with  the  utmost  of  my  power  to 
your  destruction/'  These  were  the 
terms  of  his  scornful  rejection  of 
Iretoo's  summons  to  surrender  his 
impregnable  island,  and  his  whole 
conduct  during  the  war  was  in  keep- 
ing with  it.  But  times  were  now 
altered.  Once  in  the  power  of  the  suc- 
cessful rebels  be  was  tried  by  a  court- 
martial^  and  received  sentence  to  die 
at  Bolton  in  Lancashire,  a  place 
where  he  was  extremely  unpopular, 
in  consequence  of  being  accused  of 
having  had  a  share  in  some  bar- 
barities acted  there  by  the  army  of 
Prince  Rupert.  The  unfortunate  gentle- 
man strove  to  propitiate  the  ruling 
powers,  but  the  reading  of  his  pe- 
tition to  the  house  was  delayed,  de- 
signedly as  has  been  alleged,  until  the 
morning  when  he  had  been  appomted 
to  suffer,  and  his  offered  concessions 
were  sneered  at  as  mean-spirited  and 


52" 


Review. — Arclideacou  Matiuing's  Sermohs. 


^Jhh, 


diBCrecliUbic.  What  they  were  has 
jicvcr  beca  exactly  known,  but  Ihe 
following  paper  e^iplams  their  nature 
fiftttafactorily. 

The  Earl  of  Derby  to  the  Speaker, 

**  Sir» — Being  now  by  the  \uU  of  God, 
for  HUght  1  kDuir,  brought  to  the  lan^t 
mmtitfs  of  my  life,  I  once  more  most 
buoibly  proy  the  Pnrlbiuent  will:  be 
pleased  to  hear  nic  before  my  ileatb. 

♦•  I  jrlend  ntithiiig  in  viddication  of  my 
offences,  h«t  hiiinbly  t-'ust  my  self  down  at 
the  Parliament's  feet,  bej^ging  their  oiercy. 
I  have  several  times  addret^Bcd  my  bumble 
petitions  for  life,  nrtJ  nou  ug-n  uravc 
leave  10  submit  my«tlf  to  tl»cir  mercy* 
vttb  assurancea  that  the  lb\e  of  Man  shall 
be  given  np  to  eueh  hands  as  the  Partia- 
mcut  entruit  to  receive  it ;  with  this 
further  eugagemcnt  (which  I  shall  con- 
firm by  Bureticii)i  that  1  shall  never  actor 
endeavour  any  tbiDg  against  the  estab- 
lished power  of  this  uation,  hut  end  my 
days  in  prigon  or  baniiibmcnt^  as  the 
lIouEe  shall  tbink  ht. 

"  Sir,  it  is  a  greater  o/Qiction  to  me 

[  than  death  itself,  thut  I  am  sentenced  to 

I  die  at  Bolton;  so   that    the    nation   will 

f look  upon  me  aa  a  gacrifice  for  that  hlood 

Iwhich  flome  have  unjustly  cast  upon  me, 

{•nd  from  which  I  hope  I  am  iie(|uUted  in 

your  opinions,  and  the  judgment  of  good 

men,  hiTing^  cleared  myself  by  no  deniable 

evidence. 

*'  Indeed,  at  my  trial  it  was  never  men- 
tioned agaiuet  me,  and  yet  they  adjudge 
mr  to  suffer  at  Bolton,  ait  if  indeed  i  had 
been  guilty.  1  heg  a  respite  for  my  liftJ 
upon  that  issue,  that,  if  I  do  not  acc|uit 
myielf  from  that  imputation,  let  me  die 
without  mercy. 

••  Bat,  Sir.  if  the  Parliament  have  not 
tbia  mercy  for  roe,  I  liurably  pray  the 
place  appointed  for  my  death  may  be 
altered  ;  and  that  if  the  Parliament  flunk 
it  not  fit  to  give  me  time  to  live»  they 
will  be  pleaaed  to  give  me  time  to  die,  in 
rea piling  my  life  for  some  time^  whilst 
I  may  fit  myiclf  for  death ;  since  ttma 
long  I  have  heea  perftiiaded  by  Colonel 
Duckeufteld,  the  Parliament  woald  give 
I  me  my  life. 

*'  Sir,  I  submit  myself,  my  fiiinily,  wife^ 
and  children  to  the  mercy  of  Parliament ; 
and  ahaU  Kve  or  die,  Sir, 

'*  Your  contented  and  humble  aenrant, 

••Oct*  II,  IfjAL  VKtLBY.*' 

•*  Sir,  I  bombly  beg  the  favour  that  the 
I  i^UoQ  of  a  dying  mnn,  here  inclosed, 
f  ihay  by  your  favour  be  read  in  the  Houie." 

Tlie  earl  wa«  rxccoted  at  BoUon  on 
Ihe  15th  October,  165L  Several 
Sarrntivei  of  bis  candact  nt  the  place 


of  execution  will  be  found  in  the  State 
Trials,  vol.  V.  p.  294. 

The  pipspnt  work  is  dedicated  to 
Lord  John  RusacU,  and  has  an  intro- 
duction written  rather  too  much  with 
a  view  to  his  lordship's  position  and 
opiuionsr  If,  instead  of  the  introduc- 
tion, Mr.  Cary  had  given  a  few  more 
explanatory  notes,  hia  general  readers 
would  have  been  better  satisfied,  and 
hia  work  would  have  been  improved  ; 
but  the  valuable  papers  it  contains 
entitle  it  to  a  place  in  every  historical 
librarvi  and  give  its  editor  a  Just  claim 
to  the  thanks  of  every  lover  of  truth* 


Scrmtmn  %  Archdeacon  Mannings 
M.A. 
THESE  diacouraes  consist  of  very 
eloquent  expo&iliooB  of  the  divine  law, 
and  very  earnest  appeals  to  the  con- 
Bcieoce  and  feelings  of  Christians,  in 
this  their  appointed  life  of  trial.  The 
main  object — the  engrossing  theme — 
the  abscdute  ])urpoac  of  the  whole 
body  of  doctrine  contained  in  the  se- 
parate discourses,  is  to  represent  what 
is  truly  a  Christian  life — a  life  of  duty, 
of  denial,— of  duty  ever  wakeful,  of 
denial  never  wearied — in  contrast  with 
the  low  standard  by  which  the  world 
and  those  who  love  the  world  are  con- 
lent  to  regulate  their  way  of  life.  The 
preacher  endenvoura  to  remove  all 
ftijth  false  and  ftital  im  press  ions ;  to 
waken  men  from  the  lethargy  in  which 
they  have  been  lulled,  and  to  point  out 
to  them,  amid  their  imagined  ease  and 
security,  what  dangers  nre  thickening 
around  them.  In  fact,  his  object  has 
heen  to  bring  Christians  back  to  the 
truly  Christian  life  and  Christian 
spirit ;  not  that  which  passes  for  such 
in  worldly  estimation,  and  which  ii 
compatible  with  the  most  unchristian 
estimation  of  things,  and  which  seems 
only  to  denounce  or  abjure  certain  de- 
viations from  God's  law,  in  order  to 
have  on  undisturbed  and  tranquil  pos- 
session of  others ;  but  the  preacher 
endeavours  to  bring  before  hi*  hearers 
the  true  archetype  of  the  Christian 
roau — the  humble  and  contrite  spirit — 
the  self-denying  will-^thc  steadfast 
resolution — the  pure  and  clean  and 
chastened  heart — the  meditative  mind 
— the  faith  that  does  not  falter,  and 
the  strength  that  does  not  weary.  To 
recall  forgotten  principles,  to  restore 
forsaken  ordinances,  to  pour  the  life* 


* 


1844.] 


Rkvibw.— Archrlcacou  Muiaiiugs  Sermomt. 


as 


bbod  tvr«crjpturft(  truth  into  the  laa* 
guid  and  exhausted  veins  of  a  luxuri- 
ous and  milulgent  society,  to  open  the 
eyes  of  those  who  arc  immersed  in  the 
pictusures  or  entangled  in  the  cares 
which  Ihe  pursuit  or  possosaion  of 
riches  bring  ;  such  is  the  general  ob- 
ject, we  should  Bay,  and  tenor  of  iheae 
excellent  and  animated  discourses : 
which, delivered  with  that  power  which 
all  acknowledge,  and  we  ourselves  have 
witnessed »  the  preacher  to  possess, 
must  have  produced  no  transitory  eflfect 
on  the  minds  of  those  who  beard  tbeca, 
and  now  more  widely  diffused  by  the 
preFs,  we  believe  will  increase  that  high 
reputation  which  the  author  enjoys  as 
a  scholar  and  a  divine,  and  will  satisfy 
the  labour  bestowed  on  them,  by  the 
success  they  will  receive.  Yet,  after  all 
we  have  said,  we  caunot  do  justice  to 
the  Archdeacon's  volume  by  any  ex- 
tracts we  can  make.  How  is  a  volume 
of  thought  and  ability  to  be  judged  of 
by  a  few  sentences,  or  small  fragments 
taken  from  an  entire  and  we!i  con- 
ducted argument  ?  No  works  of  any 
class  in  literature  are  so  little  formed 
for  extracts  as  sermons,  unless,  indeed, 
an  ample  space  is  at  hand,  and  then 
little  less  than  the  abridgment  of  the 
whole  discourse  is  required.  The 
eloquence  of  the  pulpit,  generally 
spealcing,  is  not  distinguished  by  the 
brilliancy  of  its  corruscation,  or  the 
flaming  rapidity  of  its  course;  but 
rallier  by  the  pure  luminous  tether  in 
which  it  is  seen,  tracking  its  serene 
and  tranquil  way.  It  can  occasionally 
launch  forth  its  thunders,  but  the 
**  still  small  voice"  U  that  by  which 
it  ordinarily  speaks.  One  sentence 
could  display  the  withering  sarcasms 
of  a  Chatham,  or  the  bold  apostrophes 
of  Erskiue  ;  but  the  masculine  rea- 
soning of  Sherlock,  or  the  eloquent 
ei position  of  Barrow,  require  a  con- 
tinued attention,  and  must  be  pursued 
througli  the  entire  discourse.  All  we 
can  do  at  present  is  to  extract  a  pas- 
sage on  the  subject  of  Self  denial  from 
the  seventh  discourse,  as  a  specimen 
of  the  author's  manner.  It  is  taken 
from  Sermon  VIJ.  entitled,  "  A  severe 
life  necesaary  for  Christ's  followers:" 
*'  And  if  we  carmot  find  soy  thing  in 
which  we  deny  ourselves  already,  wc  most 
^9ec4s  resolve  on  something  in  which  we 
tot  J  deny  ourselves  henceforward.  And^ 
JQ  resolving,  we  should  remember  that  it 


is  .1  poor  srlf  deutal  whi^b  foregoci 
only  ioexpedient  or  unnecessary  things. 
These  are  not  the  subject  matter  of  self* 
denial*  It  is  in  thingE  lawful  sad  inno* 
centf  and  it  may  be  gainful  and  honoura- 
ble, and  in  keeping  with  our  lot  in  life, 
and  such  things  as  the  world*  by  iu  own 
measure,  esteems  to  be  necessary  things, 
that  we  may  really  try  oursclvej  ;  as,  for 
inbtance,  in  living  more  simply  than  our 
station  in  life  may  prescribe,  or  our  fortune 
require  ;  in  withdrawing  from  contests  of 
precedence  ;  in  contenting  ourselves  with 
a  lower  place  and  a  less  portiOQ  tlian  is 
our  acknowledged  due  ;  in  living  toil- 
some Uvej  of  well-doing  when  we  might 
do  well  and  yet  live  without  toiling  : — in 
these,  or  in  points  of  the  hke  kind,  wc  may 
find  matter  for  self-denial,  and  that  in 
many  ways*  A  man  may  cither  deny 
himself  greatly,  and  once,  so  that  his 
whole  afrer-Ufe  shall  bear  the  marks  of  it ; 
as  in  giving  up  some  high  and  lunng  offer, 
and  choosing  a  lowlier  and  simpler  one; 
in  foregoing  some  dearly'cherished  pur* 
pose,  that  he  may  be  more  absolutely  His ; 
in  crossing  some  deep  yearning  of  the 
heart,  that  he  may  have  more  to  by  out 
in  His  service  ;^-or  he  may  so  order  bis 
•elf-denial  as  to  make  it  a  daily  and  con- 
tinual sacrifice ;  he  may  so  mete  out  his 
acts  ai  to  spread  them  over  a  wider  sur- 
face, and  along  a  more  protracted  time ; 
which  is,  indeed,  Uke  retaining  what  we 
hare,  and  adminifitering  it  by  a  continual 
steward:>hip,  compared  with  che  seMLng  at 
one  cast  all  that  we  possess,'^  Stc. 

Again,  on  the  same  subject  io  Serm. 
XIL  p.  IfiT. 

'*  They  that  give  up  only  what  they 
care  not  to  retain,  moke  but  poor  obla- 
tions ;  rich  and  easy  people  seldom  reach 
the  point  of  renl  self-deniaL  It  ia  in 
things  1  awful f  and  as  the  world  deems 
necessary,  but,  in  the  severe  judgment  of  a 
devoted  mind,  tending  to  relax  the  t4}ne 
of  our  obedieoceT  that  we  may  prove  the 
singleness  of  our  purpose*  For  instauc^i 
in  things  harmless  in  themselves,  but  in- 
expedient for  our  own  sake  or  for  others ; 
in  narrowing  the  freedom  wemight  ourselves 
enjoy,  lest  any  other  for  whom  Christ  died 
should  be  milled  by  our  example  ;  in. 
leaving  unsaid  and  undone  many  things 
which  may  tend  to  irritatoin  or  questioning 
in  noiostnicted  or  prejudiced  mindi?* 
Moreover,  it  is  not  only  for  the  safety  of 
others,  but  of  ourselves,  that  we  mu§t 
needs  limit  our  use  even  of  lawful  tilings. 
He  is  in  great  peril  of  jndgmeot  who 
never  foregoes  anything  that  he  might 
lawfully  enjoy.  He  that  lives  on  a  dubious 
boundary  line,  trusting  his  own  steadfait- 
nessi  Is  ever  ready  to  shp  over  into  a 


M 


Rbtisw.— *WVi/in^a  of  Sydney  Taylor* 


Kofc  nuen  perish  by  ex- 
J  la  tlie  meutu^  of  Uirfiil  thmgt 

»  Ia  deliberate  coronutsion  of  thinga 
it  U  ■  perilous  fooliog  on  the 

J  t4gc  of  »  precipice.  Again ,  a  man 
deaf  Uaitelf  io  thing*  held  by  the 
h^  eligibte  and  good,  mch  em 
hg^  fiiB»  ve  almost  forced  upon  us,  and 
|»  t^amdiea  are  ML  of  pronuae,  and  it 
asf  bt  fl#  e^jojmeDt,  and  yet  are  cum* 
|p0^  and  Mnder  the  devoting  ouraetvea 
tip  Ckfiat.  Th«re  waa  nothing  of  evil  in 
Mtttlka'a  life;  bat  Mary's  waa  the 
r  and  more  hallowed.  Martha  was 
about  many  things  ;  yet  all  these 
were  innocent:  Mary  about  only 

,  and  that  alone  was  needful.  There 
li  oothiog  evil  in  the  possession  of  lands 
tad  richei ;  yet  they  bring  mueh  toil  of 
iMMt  attd  orerburdening  of  care.  Thej 
dtfrmvd  a  man  of  much  of  himself,  and 
mike  hmi  pay  tribute  of  more  than  half 
of  all  hia  hopea,  and  fear«t  and  thoughts, 
end  hours  of  day  and  night — half,  that  is, 
of  his  whole  eartlily  being,  and  it  may  be 
poverty  in  the  world  to  come,  as  the  ooat 
or  tax  at  which  he  buya  the  trouble  of 
being  rich.  The  very  thought  of  being 
contented  at  any  point  short  of  tlie  utmost 
gain,  is  lost  from  among  men.  They  have 
no  horixon  to  tbetr  aims  for  this  world, 
tod  therefore  they  have  their  reward.  It 
la  a  pooff  palpable,  proximate  reward 
here  on  earth.  The  aim  of  most  men 
&lla  short  and  terminates  in  something 
on  this  side  of  the  resurrection;  some 
phantasy  of  earthly  happiness*  It  may  be 
then  tbatcachooeofusraayiind  something 
which  he  may  forego  for  the  take  of  the 
world  to  come  ;  some  poiseasioD,  or  pur- 
poae  of  Ufe,  or  wish  of  heart }  some  of  the 
permitted  self-indulgenoei  common  to  his 
rank  and  fortune »  and  thia  foregone  for 
the  aake  of  liviog  a  life  of  larger  charity  ^ 
or  of  mora  abatnctad  devotion,  that  is, 
for  the  take  of  oiakiag  charity  or  devotioa 
th*  great  and  governing  aim  of  the  whole 
life,  and  all  other  tbinn  as  means  and  op- 
portualtiea  to  it»  ahaU  not  bt  fioraottea 
wber«  all  M^UAtfoUk  U9  ffiimimniifniil } 
and  so  ahatl  yov  liave  your  loi  wi&  him 
who  aaid»  Behold !  we  have  left  all  things, 
what  ahall  we  have  therefore  ?  Remember 
then,  bnthno,  that  in  all  thsM  ants  of  salf- 
ritlrittiMi  tlkWB  oiiat  bo  tht  iliiearo  in* 
tml  Id  do  it  Ibf  Qudit^i  Mke  4  other* 
iH»  ovr  acta  are  like  iaarticalita  aoimda^ 
vltkonlamphaaia  or  meaning*  Maaymeo 
BMOi  to  live  a  mortified  life,  and,  aa 
far  aa  mere  aelf^raatraint,  really  do  aOt 
•tti  ytt  not  for  Christ's  sake,  but  for 
earthly  end.  Doubtleaa  the  rich 
dtftiad  himself  for  his  grett 
Nona  forsake  and  forfeit 
mam  Ibaa  *  t^  tbit  wiU  be  nch/    But 


we  know  tliat  the  severest  life,  without 
8  cooscioua  choice,  is  teas  than  the  least 
acts  of  Belf-impoverishmeut,  with  a  clear 
and  BLQgle  aim  of  foregoing  something  that 
we  may  find  it  in  His  kingdooa.  Feter^a 
worldly  all  was  a  boat  and  a  net ;  and  the 
alabaster  box  of  ointment  had  a  great  tea- 
timony  of  acceptance,  because  she  had 
*  done  what  she  could.'  They  are  often. 
times  the  little  ministries  of  love  that 
shew  most  devotion,  and  most  intimate 
resolution  of  heart.  And  remember 
also  that,  having  choseu  deliberately,  a 
man  must  act  boldly,  not  looking  back. 
Half  our  difficulty  in  doing  anything 
worthy  of  our  high  calling,  is  the  slmak* 
ing  anticipation  of  its  possible  aftcr-conse- 
i^uences*  But  if  Peter  had  tarried  and  cast 
up  aU  that  was  to  cotne,  tbe  poverty,  and 
wandering,  and  solitude,  aod  loniffy  old 
age,  tbe  outcast  life,  and  chance  of  a  fearful 
death,  it  may  be  he  would  have  been 
ueither  on  Apostle  nor  a  Christian/'  &c. 
He  who  reads  these  extracts  will 
wish  to  rcft«l  more,  and  few  will  open 
the  volume  who  kare  any  part  of  it 
unread. 


yottnf  naa  < 


Selections  fi'om  the  Writinffi  qf  the 
late  Sydney  Taylor,  A,M, 
JOHN  SYDNEY  TAYLOR  waa 
bora  in  Dublin  in  1795,  He  was  well 
descended,  and  on  hia  mother's  side 
from  the  distinguished  chief.  General 
Sara  field.  Earl  of  Lucan,  the  devoted 
adherent  of  James  the  Second.  The 
surname  of  Taylor  was  assumed  by  hia 
grandfather  on  succeeding  to  the  pro- 
perty of  a  maternal  grandfather,  wnicli 
was,  however,  by  thoughtlessness  and 
law  combined,  so  utterly  wasted,  that 
he  was  forced  to  find  subsistence  in 
line  engraving.  Sydney  Taylor  was 
placed  at  school  at  Dublin  with  Mr, 
S,  White,  and  in  that  school  Thomas 
Moore  and  Sheridan  also  received  their 
education.  From  this  school  he  was 
removed  to  the  university,  the  Rev. 
Dt*  Hall  being  his  tutor,  and  there  he 
made  much  proficiency  both  in  classi- 
cal learning  and  Tnathematical  stu- 
dles«  In  lihe  year  of  his  examination 
for  scholarship,  the  candidates  were 
forty  in  number,  the  places  twelve; 
yet  he  obtained  the  second  place,  and 
that  too  upon  a  heit  mark  from  all  his 
ciamincrs.  About  this  time  he  formed 
an  intimacy  with  the  late  Charles 
Wolfe,  so  well  known  by  his  "  Ode  on 
the  burial  of  Sir  John  Moore/'  and  an 
anecdote  of  the  rtadtneMt  of  bis  own 


4 


i 


1844,] 


Rktibw.— l?Vt«i«5r^  0/  Sydney  Taylor. 


55 


poetical  powers  it  here  given,  Cwhich, 
his  biographer  says,  may  be  called 
aurpming).  Some  argument  taking 
place  relating  to  Southey's  poetical 
powera,  which  Taylor  at  the  time  was 
willing  to  reduce  below  the  proper 
leveU  his  antagonist  quoted  a  passage 
Uom  Thalaba.  "  Call  you  that  poetry  V* 
1  S.  Taylor  ;  '*  surely  any  one  could 
lie  poetry  like  that.*'  The  challenge 
W«a  accepted;  Taylor  took  pen  and 
fwper»  aad,  almost  as  fast  as  he  could 
write,  improvised  the  following  de- 
scription of  a  man  left  to  perish  in  the 
wilderness.  The  verses  were  as  follows : 

"He  looked  upon  the  wilderness; 

No  ligbt  wM  in  its  gloom — 

No  earthly  gleam  was  there. 

No  sparkling  gem  of  night. 

He  listened  to  the  winds  | 

They  swept  no  grove  of  pidm, 

No  wood  of  flattering  leaves. 

They  bore  not  on  their  blast 

The  torrent's  nishingroar, 

Wlioae  sound,  like  beavenly  music,  might 

awake  [doomed 

The  quick  rejoicing  sense;  no,  he  was 
To  hear  that  desert  howl,  commingling 

harsh, 
With  burling  drifts  of  sand, 
Or  linger  on  the  pauses 
Which  utter  silence  gave. 
That  mere  expression  smote 
The  solitary  man  V 

S,  Taylor's  course  of  life  was  now 
destined  to  the  bar,  and  to  qualify 
himself  for  public  speaking  he  became 
a  member  of  the  Historical  Society, 
and  soon  obtained  notice  among  that 
body ;  indeed,  so  much  so,  that  he  was 
solicited  for  the  arduous  duty  of  closing 
the  session  of  J 8 13  with  a  speech, 
which  was  praised  by  Dr.  Magec, 
honoured  with  the  society's  gold 
medal,  and  which  was  dedicated  by 
permission  to  Lord  Plunket,  S« 
Taylor  stood  soon  after  this  for  the 
professorship  of  oratory,  which  had 
been  generally  filled  by  a  senior  fellow ; 
but  a  candidate  of  the  name  of  Cramp- 
ton  (BOW  a  judge)  carried  away  the 
prize.  In  18 16  he  visited  London  for 
the  first  time,  for  the  purpose  of  serv- 
ing his  term  in  the  Temple,  with  a 
iiew  of  being  called  to  the  Irish  bar  ; 
bat,  after  he  had  resided  here  some 
little  while,  he  determined  to  remain 
in  England,  and,  having  obtained  a 
letter  of  introduction  from  Lord 
Pluniel  to  the  Duke  of  Buckingham, 


he  determined  to  settle  as  a  permanent 
resident  in  the  capital.     He  then  be- 
came connected  with  the  public  press, 
and  contributed  to  the  columns  of  the 
Morning    Chronicle.     In  conjunction 
with  Mr.  C.  Cooke,  he  commenced  a 
weekly  paper,  called  the  Thlisman ;  but 
he   subsequently  accepted  a  proposal 
made  by  the  proprietors  of  the  Morn- 
ing  Herald  to  assist   in  its  manage- 
ment ;  his  time  being  divided  between 
his  profession  as  a  barrister  and  his 
labours   as  a    public  journalist.     On 
account  of  the  illness  of  the  proprietor, 
he  remained  the  editor  for  more  than 
a    year.     In     1823    he    joined   Lord 
Brougham  I   Dr,  Birkbeck,  and  others 
in   the  formation  of  the  London  Me- 
chanics* Institute;  and,  in  1822  being 
called  to  the  English  bar,   he  joined 
the  Norfolk  Circuit  in   1824,  and  be- 
came   the    professional    adviser    and 
friend  of  the   Duke  of  Buckingham. 
Id  the  course  of  his  early  professional 
career,  the    claim  of  Michael  Jones 
Bobert    Dillon    to    the     earldom   of 
Roscommon  was  placed  in  his  hands, 
which  was  determined  in  favour  of  his 
client,   and  he   himself  was   compli* 
mcDted  by  the  Chancellor,  Lord  Lynd- 
hurst.  for  his  ability.    A  year  previous 
to  this,  he  married  Miss  Hall,  niece  of 
his   friend   Mr,   James  Perry,   of  the 
Chronicle,  and  enjoyed  with  her  the 
most  perfect  domestic  happiness.    Mr, 
S.   Taylor  interested  himself  for  the 
preservation    of  the  Lady   Chapel  at 
St.  Saviour's,  Southwark ;  as  also  for 
that  of  the  beauliful   screen  at  York 
Minster*     After   the   passing   of  the 
Reform  Bill,  he  was  invited  to  go  into 
Parliament    to   represent   one   of  the 
boroughs — but  he   felt  that  to  do  bo 
would  be  to  abandon  his  profession  j 
and,  as  he  did  not  possess  in  his  own 
right   the   necessary  property  qaalifi- 
cation,    lie  considered  that  alone  an 
insurmountable   objection.      His    life, 
however,  soon  after  this,  was  drawing 
to    an     early    and     untimely    close. 
Though  uaturally  of  a  sound  consti- 
tution, he  was  unable  from  the  pressure 
of  business  to  take  the  needful  exer- 
cise ;     and    functional   derangements 
arose,  for  which  he  provided  no  suf- 
ficient  remedy.     l*he  last   great  case 
he  was  employed  in,  was  that  remark- 
able one  of  the  youth  (Oxford)  who 
fired  off  two   pistols  at  the    Queen : 
His  biographer  tells  US| 


56  Retiew.— Mott*8  Lait  Days  of  Francis  the  First.  [Jan. 

a  pillar  of  polished  granite,  sur- 
mounted with  an  urn  of  the  same  ma- 
terial.   The  inscriptioD  is  as  follows: 


"  Upon  this  he  stood  opposed  to  the 
whole  strength  of  the  Government  bar, 
and  managed  the  cause  of  his  client 
with  sach  consummate  judgment,  that 
the  jury  after  a  most  patient  investiga- 
tion returned  a  verdict  that  amounted 
to  an  acriuittal ;  because  they  added  to 
their  verdict  of  insanity,  that  there  was  no 
proof  that  the  pistols  were  loaded.  The 
prisoner  would  therefore  have  been  forth- 
with  discharged  had  not  the  jury  been 
sent  back  by  the  judge  to  reconsider  their 
verdict — when  they  found  him  simply  of 
unsound  mind,  and  then  justified  his  de- 
tention in  a  place  of  confinement.'* 

The  last  Norfolk  Circuit  he  went 
was  the  spring  one  of  1841.  He  then 
defended  an  unhappy  young  woman, 
on  the  charge  of  infanticide.  Return- 
ing from  this  Circuit  in  ill  health,  he 
soon  after  retired  to  his  bed,  and  never 
permanently  rallied.  In  his  illness  he 
was  attended  by  his  friends  Dr. 
Arnott  and'^lr.  W.  Coulson. 

''  We  cannot,"  says  the  writer  of  his 
life,  **  dwell  upon  his  lingering  disorder,  nor 
the  agony  of  doubts  and  fears  which  alter- 
nately during  weeks  and  months  agitated 
his  sorrowing  relations  and  friends.  Suf- 
fice it  to  say,  that,  after  suffering  the  most 
excruciating  pains — which  he  endured  with 
the  fortitude  and  resignation  that  were 
worthy  of  his  character,  and  of  the  faith 
he  professed, — on  the  10th  December 
1841  he  breathed  his  last,  his  confidence 
being  unshaken  in  that  Saviour  who  had 
been  his  humble  trust,  and  through  whom 
alone  he  looked  for  life  and  immortality. 
He  was  only  forty^five ;  '  but  wisdom  is 
the  grey  hair  to  men,  and  an  unspotted 
hope  is  old  age."  * 

At  a  public  meeting  in  Exeter  Hall, 
convened  by  advertisement,  and  pre- 
sided over  by  Sir  John  Chetwode,  to 
consider  the  best  tribute  to  his  memory, 
a  meed  of  praise  was  bestowed  on  him 
by  eminent  men  of  all  parties.  A 
subscription  was  entered  into,  with  a 
view  to  the  publication  of  a  selection 
from  his  writings  in  a  permanent 
form,  and  a  committee,  including  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham,  nominated  to 
secure  that  object ;  and  it  is  under  the 
superintendence  of  this  committee  that 
the  present  volume  has  been  compiled  : 
at  the  same  time,  another  subscription 
was  opcne.l  for  the  purpose  of  raising 
a  public  niunumcnt  to  his  name.  This 
object  has  also  been  accomplished. 
The  monument  ercctrd  over  his  grave 
i-*  in  ihi*  ri'nietrrv  of  Kcnsall  Green— 


"  To  John  Sydney  Taylor,  A.M.  Trin. 
Coll.  Dublin,  Barrister-at-Law  of  the 
Middle  Temple,  who  died  Dec.  10,  1841, 
aged  45.  This  tomb  was  raised  by  the 
unanimous  vote  of  a  public  meeting  held 
in  London,  Feb.  19,  1842.  To  mark  his 
maintenance  of  the  principles  of  Consti- 
tutional Liberty,  and  Christian  Morality ; 
and  his  successful  exertions  in  advocat- 
ing the  abolition  of  the  Punishment  of 
Death.** 

Such  is  a  brief  memoir  of  the  life  of 
a  clever,  industrious,  and  estimable 
person :  the  contents  of  the  volame 
published  are  very  various,  consiatiog 
of  the  papers  which  he  wrote  on  the 
topics  that  engaged  the  attention  of 
the  day,  connected  either  with  law  or 
politics,  or  on  other  questions  of  im- 
portance that  arose  regarding  the 
well-being  and  improvement  of  the 
social  system  of  the  country,  as  Par- 
liamentary Reform,  Evils  of  the  Beer 
Act,  of  the  Game  Laws,  on  Capital 
Punishments,  on  Trades  Combinational 
on  Trial  by  Jury,  and  other  subjects 
of  the  same  kind.  Not  less  interesting 
are  the  characters  of  the  stateamea 
which  he  has  drawn,  either  from 
personal  recollection  or  from  general 
character  ;  as  Romilly,  Sheridan, 
Erskine,  Sir  James  Mackintosh;  to 
which  are  added  three  speeches  at 
public  meetings.  The  whole  volnme 
IB  certainly  creditable  to  him — both  as 
to  his  talents  and  acquirements,  and 
to  the  useful  and  honourable  direction 
which  he  gave  them. 


The  Last  Days  of  Francis  the  First. 
By  J.  Thomas  Mott. 
THE  poems  in  this  volume  show 
the  author  to  be  a  person  of  cultivated 
taste  and  poetical  feeling,  though  of 
higher  genius  there  are  no  strong  im- 
pressions. We  like  best  the  lost  poem, 
called  "Farewell,  Campania!"  of 
which  wc  give  a  few  stanzas  as  a  spe- 
cimen of  the  whole. 

(}\i !  well  may  tlicy  whose  lot  has  been 
Onlaiiicil  in  rohlt^r  cliiiios  to  dwell, 

KnjoymentH  find  in  this  ^clad  srcno, 
Where  Kiiushine  is  |N>r|M;tiial ; 

Where  nature  lures  us  with  a  sjiell 
S»  soft,  HO  wiiuiin^,  that  the  mind, 

Awhile  released,  cau  scarcel>  quell 


1844.3 


Review-— WrigLt's  Si,  Patrick's  Purgatmy. 


A  wUb  tA  spread  its  wing's  before  tlie  winil* 
And  nng^e  tlie  world  at  willi  unbia5s<^d,  ua- 
confined^ 

Come,  stand  witli  me  upon  tbe  belgbt 

Of  fniJ'  Airbta,  thence  to  view 
Tlie  jETlories  of  approacbiug  night 

Blending  cacb  tint  of  ligbter  hue 
With  disUQt  Detail*!  deeper  blue. 

WhUedoQbly  beares  the  wave  below. 
And  Iscbia*8  peaks  are  ^leaininj^  thro\igb 

Tlie  farhoriiOD,  stretch'd  in  tbat  brijicbt  g-low 

Wluch  Done  but  soutltem  climea  and  »ou th- 
em lutiseia  show. 

CSin  aliiM,  and  acaa,  and  shores  combiiie 
ThiiMiffa  all  tbe  worlds  that  aims  survey 

To  make  a  r^oa  more  divine  ? 
Aim!  shall  not  traveller  love  to  stray 

Where  teitA>1d  raptures  still  repay 
Hia  weary  toils  ?    When  Nature's  kiss 

Of  beauty  dimples  o*er  the  bay»  [as  this, 

Which  mirrorB  back  such  matchless  forms 
Thy  lolly  wave-encircled  throne— Neapolia ! 

How  hrightly  glow  you  bumishM  skies, 

K%  if  ten  thousand  hosts  of  air 
Blended  thf^ir  ^teveraJ  aai!ri6ce  : 
Slow  sitiks  the  orb  in  glory  ibere, 
OcsceodiBg  to  bia  ocean-lair» 
WMte  hia  contracting  drcle  throwi 
QuTwelt  fiance  of  gladness,  ere 
waves  divide  and  quench  his  burning 
browp  [sanle'is  now,  kx. 

The  waters  o'er  him  close— the  heavens  are 

U!tEi  roa  MLTIIC. 

How  sweetly  smiles  the  summer  morni 
The  bre«e  is  Ujfbt,  the  bark  is  sure  i 

And  precioti5  is  the  burden  borne 
Alon^  the  bonnie  banks  of  Dure. 

Let  othen  bask  in  southern  skies. 

Or  ftae  upon  the  castled  Rhine, 
We  ask  not  fkirer,  brighter  eyes. 

Than  those  that  now  around  us  shine. 
Hay  ail  that  dwell  on  foreij^i  thoreM 

Be  blest  with  hearts  aa  mild  and  pure 
As  those  Ikir  friends  whose  bark  U  modred 

BcskSe  the  bonnie  banks  of  Bore. 

M  warmer  wdcome  I  would  sing, 

Bad  I  that  minstrera  magic  power 
1fh0  tovad  In  days  gone  by  to  bring: 
flMl  tammt  to  his  "Ladyea  bower." 

liar  are  your  charms  tluui  hers  less  bright. 

Le»  wtfcbinf  at  the  evening  hour, 
To  him,  yoor  own  devoted  knight, 

Xow  resting  in  his  *'  Ladyes  bower." 

Dear  Udies )  tlieti  our  thanks  we  pay. 

And  drink  a  health  to  you  and  yoif  r#j 
In  mwaory  of  that  pleasant  day 
.W*  paaaed  upon  the  banks  of  Burt. 

iln  a  little  poem  tike  this,  the  merit 
"*  which  roast  consist  rather  in  the 
propriety  of  the  expression  thao  it\ 
tbe  novelty  of  the  ideas,  or  the  elegance 
of  the  iltastrAtioDS,  such  imperfect 
rhymes  an  we  have  marked  in  italics 
GiNT.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


57 


ought  not  to  have  been  suffered  to  pass 
It  D  corrected. 


St>  Patrick's  Purgatory ;  an  Eaaay  on 
Me  Lcgenih  of  Purgatory,  Hdt, 
and  Paradm,  current  during  the 
Middle  Agei.  By  Thomas  Wright, 
Esq,  M.A,  F,S,A.  8{c.  Poat%vo,pp, 
192. 

THIS  is  a  §Tnal]  volume,  but  pos- 
sessing the  interest  of  works  of  larger 
bulk,  whether  regarded  in  connection 
with  its  relation  to  poetical  literature* 
or  its  more  important  subjects  of  su- 
perstitious belief  and  corrupted  re- 
ligion. Among  the  many  procluctiona 
of  its  intelligent  and  very  industriouft 
author,  it  wili  not,  we  thinks  be  the 
least  popular  nor  tbe  least  contribu- 
tive  to  his  well*  earned  reputation, 
produced,  as  it  mainly  was,  during 
tbe  leisure  and  with  the  care  of  his 
earlier  years,  and  now  corrected  under 
the  advantage  of  hia  greater  critical 
experience  and  acquaintance  with 
ancient  literature. 

Though  expressing  a  decided  opinion 
upon  tbe  subject  us  respects  religion, 
Mr,  Wright  treats  it  principally  as  a 
curious  chapter  in  medieval  literature. 
At  the  same  time  he  remarks  in  his 
preface  that  there  is  a  third  point  of 
view  in  which  it  may  be  turned  to 
profit. 

^*  Compared  minutely  with  each  others 
and  with  the  ancient  peniteutialii  these 
legends  would  fumiab  most  valuable  ma- 
terials for  the  Btatiatical  history  of  Crime. 
By  the  researches  and  observations  I  have 
made  myself,  I  am  satisfied  that  crime  and 
vice  were  infinitely  more  prevalent  and  in 
their  worst  forms,  during  the  ages  of 
papal  supremacy  than  during  any  other 
period  of  history,  if  we  eicept,  perhapi, 
the  most  degenerate  period  of  the  Roman 
Ciesars*  I  can  add^  both  from  my  own 
observationSi  and  from  those  of  a  friend 
who  ha»  passed  much  of  his  life  in  ex- 
amining the  judicial  records  of  the  Eng- 
lifh  local  courts,  that  the  amount  of  crime 
dlminlahed  in  our  own  country  constantly 
from  the  Refommtion  to  the  end  of  the 
reign  of  Eliaabeth  ;  that  it  appears  to  have 
riien  again  very  suddenly  under  James  I. 
and  Charles  I.  ;  that  it  began  to  diminish 
quickly  again  under  the  Commouwealtb  ; 
and  that,  in  spite  of  the  immorality  of  the 
higher  class ei  after  the  Restoration  r  the 
general  morality  of  the  people  has  been 
continually  improving  down  to  the  preieut 
time," 

I 


58. 


Mitetttaneout  SetAews. 


[J. 


In  a  religion!  point  of  view  Mr. 
Wright's  researches  shew  how  the 
Christian  faith  was.  during  the  Middle 
Age,  gradually,  and  with  continual  ad^ 
ditiona,  corrupted  by  adventitious  le- 
gends and  superstitions. 

**  Nothing  WIS  ever  more  true  than  the 
stigma  of  idolatry  applied  by  the  earlier 
Reformers  to  the  reUgion  of  papal  Rome. 
The  Roman  Catholic  system  was  (and  con- 
tinnes  to  be)  a  miztore  of  Christianity 
with  Paganism,  in  which  too  generally  the 
pure  religion  of  the  Gospel  is  stifled  under 
the  weighty  superstructure.  Superstitions, 
such  as  those  described  in  the  present 
Essay,  were  at  first  tolerated  among  a 
newly  converted  and  ignorant  people ;  but 
they  were  subsequently  approved  and  «i- 
eouraged  by  a  political  priesthood,  as  a 
powerful  instrument  of  domination  and 
oppression,  till  they  were  finally  accepted 
••  an  integral  part  of  the  doctrines  of  the 
Church.»' 

Mr.  Wright's  original  intention  was 
to  treat  the  subject  generally,  and  he 
'^•«  ^  proceeded  on  that  plan  in  his 
earlier  chapters,  which  comprise  a 
▼ariety  of  Purgatory  legends,  Anglo- 
Saxon,  Welsh,  and  Irish,  and  also 
continental.  In  his  fifth  chapter  he 
proceeds  to  the  examination  of  the 
»any  poetical  works  to  which  the 
■^^J^ctgave  birth,  from  the  Pilgrimages 
5J.  William  de  Degnilleville  to  the 
■"ivina  Commedia  of  Dante,  and  the 
popular  Pilgrimage  of  our  own  Bun- 


yan,  aome  of  whose  protot3rpe8  have 
been  recently  discussed  by  oar  cor- 
respondents. The  sixth  and  aeventh 
chapters  are  devoted  to  the  Pargatory 
of  St.  Patrick,  which  has  given  name 
to  the  work,  and  which  has  obtained 
that  prominence  "  because  it  U  the 
most  remarkable  of  all  the  Purgatory 
legends,  and  the  only  one  which  haa 
remained  in  force  to  the  present  day." 
Lough  Derg,  or  the  Red  Lake,  is 
situated  among  the  barren  monntains 
of  Donegal,  not  far  from  the  county 
town,  and  contains  the  famons  island 
which  has  for  ages  attracted  its  crowds 
of  devotees.  There  still  stand  the 
chapels  and  toll-houses,  and  thither 
still  repair  the  trains  of  pilgrims  who 
would  wash  away  at  once,  by  a  Tisit 
to  those  holy  shores,  the  accumulated 
sins  of  their  lives.  Mr.  Barrow  has 
stated  a  revenue  of  200<.  or  300<.  a  vear 
is  derived  by  the  land- proprietor  irom 
the  trafiic,  and  that  sometimes  900  or 
1000  pilgrims  are  in  the  island  at  once. 
The  modern  superstitious  proceedings 
of  the  pilgrims  have  been  well  detailed 
by  Carleton  in  his  "  Traits  andJBtories 
of  the  Irish  Peasantry.'* 

The  eighth  and  last  chapter,  on  the 
influence  of  these  legends  on  the  lite- 
rature of  the  sixteenth  century,  is  not 
the  least  valuable  and  interesting  of 
the  whole. 


^.^•ndwy  Rhymet.  By  Mary  A.  E. 
Jl^haniock.— The  writer  of  this  volume, 
^^  husband  informs  us  in  his  preface,  is 
^  ^^rt.  The  poems  are  not  discrediUble 
to  her  fame,  and,  had  she  lived  to  correct 
^m,  would  have  deserved  a  higher  praise. 
We  shall  quote  two  of  the  souneU. 

TO  THE  WHABV. 

^  moorland  river  t  beautifbl  and  wUd, 

*  lovie  to  tee  thy  lljfht  waves  onward  roll, 
^•petuoqi  and  impatient  of  control 
^■■pina  untamed  and  fearless  mountain  child. 

Thou  rushest  swiftly  past  the  haunts  of  men, 
as  uncongenial  to  thee ;  for  thy  choice 

la  the  lone  meadow,  or  the  rocky  glen, 
Or  ancient  wood,  where  ringdoves*  plaintive 
voice 

Akme  is  heard ;  mirrored  in  thy  clear  flood 
Art  mould*ring  towers,  relics  of  those  whose 
name 

And  ruthless  deodn,  in  characters  of  blood 
Are  written  in  the  immortal  page  of  Fame. 
But  they,  with  all  their  pride  and  power,  are 
ITOae,  [on. 

wiuist  thou,  unchanged,  stiUbUthely  boundest 


TO  THE  cALnia. 
Such  wild  romantic  beauty  is  not  thine. 
Oh !  gentle  Calder,  river  of  the  dales ; 
Yet  art  thou  lovely  when  thy  waters  shine 

In  the  bright  sunset ;  when  the  snowy  saila 
Of  richly-freighted  vessels,  swanlike,  glide 
Dovtn  thy  calm  stream,  to  many  a  Imsy 
scene 
Of  never-ceasing  trsi&c ;  thy  swift  tide 
Has  long  the  source  of  wealth  and  plenty 
been. 
But,  as  the  studies  that  enrich  the  mind 
Leave  on  the  brow  of  man  their  withering 
trsce. 
So,  to  increase  thy  useftdness  design'd, 

Art  has  despoiled  thee  of  thy  native  grace;— 
Where  thy  free  waves  once  flowed  throngli 

woodlands  green. 
The  forge's  glare,  the  factory's  smoke  are  seen. 

Tales  of  the  Town.  By  Henry  Wal- 
ford  Bellairs.  Henry  Howard — Ambrose 
Elton. — Of  these  tales,  intended  to  cor- 
rect  the  laxity  of  opinion  so  prevalent  on 
religious  institutions  and  faith,  and  to  in- 
culcate the  doctrine,  that  to  neglect  or 


1644,'] 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


59 


I 


I 


kzity  id  religions  principles  mty  be  traced 
the  thoQgiitleHiiCM  and  error  of  a  worldly 
life,  ht^diag  at  ODoe  to  Ihe  lost  of  prirate 
hoDOor  and  of  public  character— of  tbffse 
tales  ire  tboold  mj ,  that  tbey  are  written 
la  watk  m  minner,  that  the  very  Qfeful 
iaitnictioD  they  convey  ia  rendered 
doubly  interetting  by  the  lif  dy  and  dre- 
m^tic  form  it  aaiuznes  in  the  reipective 


7%t  Sjtirihui  Creaiitrt,  or  S(mV$  Nrw 
Birth.  A  PoHn,  By  Mrt,  M,  Roberta. 
TJm  poem  is  written  in  a  truly  philoao- 
phieil  «ptrit»  and  with  macb  poetical  feel* 
infiad  power.  **Itii  an  attempt,*' at 
theittthor  AAyif  **  to  express  spirituolideafl, 
ai  drawn  forth  from  material  exiatence.'' 
It  ia  written  with  great  oorrectnesa  of  Ian- 
gnafe  andVeraification,  andsubjecta  remote 
from  ordiaAry  tnqniry  and  common  aym- 
patky  are  treated  at  once  with  clearneft 
of  FeasooiDf  t  sod  elegance  of  illustration. 
7W  eorretpoDdenee  or  relation  between 
te  cpiritoal  lad  physical  creation,  be^ 
tween  the  objects  of  fiense  and  the  quali- 
ties of  the  miudt  are  promineotly  brought 
forward,  and  therefore  a  careful  peraiol 
of  the  anthor*s  preiiminary  observations, 
in  which  the  principles  and  plan  of  the 
poem  are  nniblded,  should  on  no  account 
be  omitted. 

7^  Latin  Govemef#,/or  MotAin  and 
GmfmmnK  B$  J.  W*  Freese,  B,^,— 
Hoe  jovng  ladies  may  learn  to  coujugate 
'  and  decline  "fidditaa.*'  Here  they 
Oiay  gel  by  heSLTt  the  short  and  monitory 
loaons,  '*  lupus  Torat  agnum/'  and 
paella  tenet  poculum  i**  or  they  may 
DOW  that  in  certain  cases  of  delicacy 
'  'ficulty , ' '  Epitiola  ab  ancUk  dumlnffi 
**  but,  if  they  turn  from  the  moral 
to  the  grammatical  construction, 
dicy  wiU  find  t£^s  little  monnEil  to  be  very 
daarlf  sad  soeorately  drawn  up,  and  snch 
la  spttt  teae^  the  elements  of  the  language 
la  the  ordsv  »i»d  to  the  extent  that  is  re^ 
(l^red. 

Tht  Ckmrthm^m**  Compam^m ;  a  Help 
h  CkHslian  Knowlnd^t. — ^A  little  work 
admirahle  in  its  purpose,  and  ju- 
dicioma  in  its  eicecation.  In  it  are  some 
bat  pleasing  sketches  of  females, 
t  at  emoe  for  their  jnety  and  talent, 
m  Mrs.  U.  More,  Mrs.  Carter,  tkc. 


d  MHricat  VerHfm  of  tht  Book  of 
PmhMv  Bf  Francis  Skorray,  B.D,— 
This  roliiiiie  U  dedicated  to  Mr.  Words- 
worth i  not  only  **  us  n  mi#tpr  in  the  art  of 
MeCry,  Irat  becau  i^e  has  always 

oeen  the  handmai  i  i  und  virtue/* 

It  ocmiiits  of  A  vitis.x.1.  vt  the  P»alme, 


followed  by  sacred  misceUames*  We  are 
only  able  to  give  a  single  speoiment  Psalm 
cxzii,  p.  353. 

A  SONG  or  DEOHEBS  OF  DATID, 

The  words  were  mnsic  io  my  heart, 
When  friends  were  heard  tosay. 

Come  let  us  iuBtantly  depart. 
To  hear,  and  singi  and  pray. 

Unto  God*B  temple  let  us  crowd ^ 

With  neighbours  all  around* 
To  hear  men  shout  with  voices  loud, 

And  instruments  resound. 

Magnificence  shall  soon  be  spread 

To  our  admiring  eyes* 
Then  shall  we  pass  the  gates  &nd  tread 

The  city  of  the  skies. 

The  tribes  prolong  their  stay  from  home. 
The  while  the  fea&t  shall  last, 

They  pray  for  bleasings  yet  to  come* 
Praise  God  for  mercies  past. 

And  now  the  p&laces  appear 

Where  Jadab's  kings  abide  ; 
And  bftlls  of  justice  too  are  near, 

Where  magistrates  preside. 

Let  not  thy  prayer  for  Salem  cease, 
When  joy  to  thee  would  spring, 

Pray  for  the  royal  city's  peace, 
And  honour  fur  the  King. 

For  friends  who  of  my  love  partake, 

I  wish  thee  peace  and  food. 
And  I  will,  for  thy  tempte's  sake, 

Still  seek  to  do  thee  good* 


Ctmtf  a  5ff/iVe.— A  severe  satire.  The 
author  intends  it  to  be  on  tlie  Clergy ; 
for  **  Cant**  means  **  Clerical  Cant/' 

Cant  m  this  age  infects  tlie  very  air, 

Caiit  Alls  our  morning  and  our  evening  prayer« 

&C. 

And,  speaking  of  **  Fancy,'"  he  says, 
Nor  wonid  she  f^ar  of  theme  to  be  bereft, 
^Tiilst  Oxford*  Cambridge,  Exeter,  is  left  j 
Najr,  were  the  ailent,  or  made  Mricter  search 
For  argament  to  prop  a  faiiitif^  Churcli, 
RapACity  of  reverend  parents  boruj 
That  child  of  ostentation  and  af»cora« 
Revenge— the  lijrlit  of  Persecution**  brand. 
These  bolr  vnlturea  shadowing  the  Uind 
With  meaimeBSi  whose  lean  figures  all  detesti 
Hare  wrought  men's  hatred— l^sey  does  the 
rest. 


KtpQtithn  (if  the  Church  Caieehism. 
By  ihe  Rtv,  Thomas  Halloo,  yrf.A/.— 
We  have  read  this  little  work  with  much 
satisfsctioQ,  for  the  able  manner  in  which 
it  is  executed :  in  a  abort  compass  it 
oontains  much  correct  information. 


Fentalt  ffyiUrt,  &fc.     M.   A,  Stodart. 
— W'e  are  informed  in  this  work,  (p.  11} 


GO 


Mi^ceilancoffS  R^v'tcwh 


'[Jan. 


of  a  rather  Btartliiig  fact,  '^  that  there 
are  at  preseot  more  women  tban  men 
devoted  to  literature  ia  EogUtid  ;"  and 
yet»  DotwitkstaDding  the  number,  *'that 
never  was  there  greater  scope  for  th<: 
literary  taleots  of  women  than  in  Bnglartd 
in  the  present  day/*  Now  considering 
that  the  **  weaker  veflsel**  is  growing^ 
the  stronger,  and  that  Mr.  Tennyson 
mtist,  in  his  next  edition,  alter  the  ex- 
pression in  hi*  vcr»e»  ^'  Woman  is  the 
Jeascr  roan/' — seeing  this  forthcoming 
change, we thinkit  ad viftable  at  least  for  our 
male  readers  to  peruse  Chia  little  work, 
in  which  one  of  the  literary  amazona  of 
the  age  has  given  her  **  thoughts  on  the 
proper  sphere  of  female  writer*,  and  on 
their  power  of  UBcfuln^si/'  We  think  to 
chap.  XL  in  which  the  xociai  di&advotn- 
tages  of  literary  women  are  pointed  out, 
might  be  appended  another  containing 
the  prieaie  atid  domestic ;  among  which 
wc  beg  to  say,  that  we  never  yet  saw  a 
literary  lady  with  clean  fingers  and  naila, 
as  if  the  very  body  of  learuirag  had  turned 
to  dust  and  ashes  with  them.  The 
cecruleancolour  of  their  stockings  preventa 
any  nice  obserTatioo  of  aimilar  defects 
in  them.  The  author  has  a  chapter  on 
the  literary  women  of  ancient  times,  in 
which  she  baa  failed  to  notice  that,  m 
Greece  I  literature^  and  poetry»  and  the  line 
artj,  and  the  cultivation  of  the  mind, 
were  exclusively  the  profession  of  ladiea 
whose  characters  were  rather  eqtiiroeai^ 
and  who,  having  more  time  on  their  hands 
than  fell  to  the  lot  of  the  matrons  and 
mothera,  hecnme  the  companions  of  the 
poetA  and  prime  mii^istera  of  the  age  ; 
while  in  our  days,  sueh  is  the  change, 
we  seldom  hear  that  these  ladies  favour 
us  with  any  of  their  productions ;  or,  if 
they  do,  that  they  attract  much  attemtion 
beyond  their  own  level.  Sappho  and 
Corinna  are  still  read  with  delight ;  but 
what  haa  become  of  the  fame  of  the  H" 
lottrioua  Mrs.  AphraBehn,  Mr^.  PilkiDg^ 
ton,  Mrs.  Bellamy,  and  a  host  of  others . 
whoae  fairness  aud  whose  frailty  are  alike 
proverbial.  But  their  works  are  rotienneftt 
and  have  properly  perished.  A  better 
generation  has  succeeded,  and  we  gladly 
hail  the  names  of  Edgeworth^  and  Aoada, 
and  Joanna  B«i]lie,  and  Miss  Carter,  as 
fwnofli  whone  ma»culioe  undertsktugs 
01  iisorted  with  their  female  attire.  But 
we  must  add  our  great  surprise,  tliat 
Ihe  author  has  paased  over  in  silence 
one  name,  not  less  worthy  of  praise  and 
admiration  than  any  mentioned'~we 
mean  that  of  Mrs.  Barbaald,  whose 
elegant  and  interesting  works  we  con- 
fidently rank  among  the  English  classtct. 


Church  Arrhitetture. — A  vwy  useful  and 
interest! og  little  work,  containing  ob- 
servations, and  sketches,  and  illustratiooa 
of  Church  architecture,  adapted  to  the 
rites  of  the  English  Church.  So  much 
has  authority  and  the  example  of  the 
ancient  Church  been  lost  sight  of,  that 
there  i^  scarcely  any  innovation  that  may 
not  now  be  ventured  on  ;  and,  as  a  striking 
instance  ol  this  fact,  it  appears  that  the 
mother  church  of  one  uf  the  largest 
parishes  in  London,  viz.  that  of  St.  Mkry- 
lebone,  is  built  north  and  MQuth ;  and,  aa 
a  consequence  of  this  irregularity^  a 
difficulty  arises  as  to  how  the  dea4i  are 
to  be  laid,  or  the  grave^stones  fixed,  and 
it  was  only  settled  by  the  authority  of  tlie 
bishop,  who  directed  that  the  interment 
and  laying  of  the  monumental  slabs  should 
take  place  croinvixe  to  the  church*  A» 
to  heterodoxy  in  places  of  sepulture,  the 
author  refers  to  the  interments  in  Kenaall 
Green  CemeteryjtwwiliJi.  Tliis  little  work 
may  be  referred  to  with  great  advantage* 
as  an  authority  on  the  subject  of  church 
architecture  and  decoration. 

Ptimm  6tf  Alej^ander  J*  B.  Hope,  M*P, 

^Sucb  lines  as 

"Augustus  Caesar  led  the  Italians  to  the  Aght— ** 

a»d, 

"  Shame,  follows  him  an  E^'ptian  wife  " 

won't  do  J  nor  will  (p^  80) 

'*  And  be  felt  it,  tlie  Mcde  with  Aowing  hain** 

But  there  is  better  stuff  in  other  parta ; 

and  we  quote  the  verses  to  the  Rev.  C* 

Whyteheadf  with  a  copy  of  St.  Augufitine*s 

Works. 

Bear  firiend,  who  at  stern  duty^s  call,  exile 

To  fame,  prefieiredst  well  content  to  dwell 

Where  round  old  Vectis'  roek-«?ncirclcd  isle,  ' 

Witji  endless  boom,  tumultuous  billows  swell. 

As  once  from  out  Itixurioaa  Italy 

AuguatinCt  at  Ambrosius^  call,  did  ftee 

To  distant  Hippo,  there  with  wstch  and  ward 

SteadfsstlyGod^s  beleagui^red  Church  to  guard. 

Receive  his  writing^s,  then,  that  worthy  art 

Of  converse  with  an  spof  tolic  heart, 

Ail  ihrough  thy  life  to  these  cold  times  appears 

The  meeV  deep  piety  of  byi;?one  yeari», 

And  in  tby  youthful  countenance  we  trace 

Faatiires  all  brij^ht  of  an  old  salutly  face« 


Atfnet  dt  Tracy  ;  a  TaU  0/  the  Tiui*» 
of  St,  Thomat  0/  Canterluty.  By  the 
Rev,  J.  M.  Wale.— Why  the  author 
should  have  named  his  book  from  a  per* 
ton  who  is  an  inferior  personage  in  hii 
history  wc  cannot  say ;  but  the  work 
really  ts  a  clever  and  elegant  history,  formed 
in  the  framework  of  a  tale  of  fiction,  of 
the  dispute  of  Becket  with  the  Crown,  and 
of  bit  dettb. 


J  84  40 


Mhcellaneotis  Rtvicws, 


61 


— Few  iubjects  hiire  of  late  years  heen 
I  #ore  improTcd  in  the  mode  in  which  they 
'  wve  bcea  treftted  than  that  of  arcbi- 
iectore.  efpecially  th&t  ofoarowD  country. 
This  improvement  ure  owe  both  to  the 
existence  of  iadiyiduals  atid  the  forma- 
tion of  architectural  societies,  to  which 
the  revival  of  religious  feel i tig,  and  a 
nr?ereiioe  for  those  who  lived  in  older  and 
better  timet  tlian  otirs^  bus  j^vcn  a  true 
direction.  Thi^  enlarf^ed  and  unproved 
feelinf  ftod  tuate  it  practically  developing 
itself,  both  in  the  erection  of  chorchea  of 
t  njiore  orthodox  construction,  and  in  the 
ImproTcd  decoration  and  arrangement  of 
the  old.  This  Httle  book  seems  to  us  to 
be  very  correct,  and  will  be  useful  to 
jotiJi^  rcaderSt  as  an  introduction  to  a 
fuller  knowledge  of  that  subject ;  and  it 
will  be  particuUrly  serviceable  to  those 
who  live  io  SutseZi  as  it  contains  a  very 
pvticcdJU'  accoont  of  the  architecture  of 
tlie  churches  in  that  county.  In  her  next 
editioD,  on  the  subject  of  altar-cloths, 
(p.  121),  the  author  roust  not  omit  to 
mention  the  beautiful  clolli  worked  by  the 
_J*d7  of  Young  the  poet,  which  now  adorns 
_^  t  tjible.  and  the  still  handsomer  hangings 
Vbich  on  festivals  are  suspended  round 
tKe  ci:»i&mandments,  in  the  church  of 
Welwyn*  The  rarity  of  the  gift,  and  the 
celebrity  of  the  girer,  dike  demand  a 
public  and  peculiar  acknowledgment,  in 
1  work  of  this  kind,  when  the  instructor 
in  wt  And  our  teacher  in  poctiy  is  a 
female. 


Ept Jei9p0/t« ;  or,  Ltttert  of  Bitkop 
Compfom^  with  Memoir  of  the  author. 
By  S,  N.  Cornifih«— Bishop  Compton  was 
■  prelate  of  the  Church,  whose  memory 
most  always  be  held  in  honor,  and  his 
Hfto^  mentioned  with  reverence*  He  was 
A  loimed  and  conscientious  churchman, 
A  aaft  of  enlightened  mind,  Arm  in  his 


prinuieA,  imd  mild  and  conciliatory  in 
th€  dHMsbarfe  of  his  sacred  office. 


His 


hment  to  the  Protestunt  principles 
qI  the  Cbtircb  to  which  he  belonged,  was 
•ttcfcly  tried,  and  was  always  superior  to 
the  triaL  When  he  was  sospcnded  fro  en 
tbc  ■piritatt  functions  of  his  bbhopric, 
be  retired  to  Fatham,  and  amused  his 
Jeifnre  in  the  study  of  botany  and  horti- 
culture,  and  waa  among  the  first  persons 
in  England  who  introduced  exotic  tree* 
into  Ibis  coantry,  of  which  some  fine 
Wj^tKimen%  remain  even  now  in  the  garden 
of  the  pAhtee*  The  present  little  publica- 
tion is  very  Acceptable,  and  for  which  we 
Ibank  the  editor. 


La  Mattt  Fouqni  mul  ofAfr**.— Some  of 
these  tales  have  not  been  translated  he- 
fore  ;  others,  like  that  of  the  '*  shadow- 
less man,''^  are  more  generally  known. 
There  are  three  by  Tieck,  one  by  Cha- 
miaso,  a^nd  the  remainder  by  Foucju^. 
They  partake  more  or  less  of  the  fancy, 
wildness,  and  grotesque  and  strange 
imagery  which  distinguish  the  fiction  of 
the  German  writers,  miied  with  those 
occasional  touches  of  tender  and  natural 
simplicity,  that  find  their  way  at  once  to 
the  heart,  often  leaving  the  path  they  have 
trodden  wet  with  tears , 


SiUct  Taiu  from  the  Gftman  of  JDe 


The  Britnh  Church ^  and  other  Poems. 
By  the  Rev.  D.  J*  Waugh,  A.B,  \9mo. 
pp,  X.  136,— The  principal  poem  in  this 
little  volnme,  entitled  *'  The  British 
Church,"  takes  a  view  of  that  subject 
from  its  origin  to  the  present  time,  con- 
cluding with  an  acknowledgment  of  our 
missionary  obligations  to  the  heathen. 
The  author  appears  fully  sensible  of  the 
difficulties  of  didnctic  poetry  ;  nor  is  it 
surprising  tl^at  he  should  occasionally  ex- 
emplify ihem,  for,  to  say  that  he  does  not, 
woidd  be  greater  praise  than  almost  any 
one  U  entitled  to  who  has  encountered 
them.  He  has,  nevertheless,  many  pleas* 
ing  thoughts  and  lines  ;  and  somepA8sa|fes, 
particularly  that  at  page  24,  on  the  cx- 
altAtion  of  England,  as  owing  to  religion, 
might  fitly  be  chosen  by  teachers  for  their 
pupils  to  learn  by  heart.  The  rhythm 
might  occosionaUy  be  revised  with  ad- 
van  tAge,  as,  for  instance,  at  page  S^O,  iu 
one  of  the  smaller  poems  : 
Does  He  in  sacrifice  bo  much  rejoice. 
As  in  the  soul  that  hearkens  to  his  voice  ? 
Where  the  former  line  wo«id  read 
better  as 

Does  He  so  much  in  sacrifice  rejoice  ? 
unless  our  ear  is  unreasonably  critical. 
The  poem  on  the  subject  of  **  Bring  back 
the  days  of  youth,"  is  one  of  the  most 
pleasing*  But  we  would  hint,  that,  in  the 
sixteenth  itanza,  ttri  and  retmiin  do  not 
rhyme ;  and  in  the  fourth  line  there  U  a 
redundant  syllable,  in  the  particle  fo, 
which  the  sense  docs  not  require,  as  it 
follows  the  conjunction  and.  Yet  an  au- 
thor, we  must  say,  in  fairness,  CAunot  be 
wanting  in  poetical  mind,  who  has  found 
materiaU  for  poetry  in  Lord  Strafford  ;  as 
at  pugc  81,  in  the  poem  on  Contentment; 

And  how  too  generous  Went  worth  bled. 
To  save  his  master* s  doomed  head  ; 

Alluding  to  that  nobleman's  urging 
Charles  to  pass  the  bill  of  attainder 
against  himself.  We  are  not  aware 
whether  the  author  appears  before  u«  at 


MiiceUofiemtM  Reviewt, 


rj«a* 


■Qcb  for  tbe  flnt  time,  or  not ;  but  at  all 
cftntt,  we  may  tay,  Fe^tina  lenti,  or,  ia 
plain  EogUah,  jf*rftfvfr«  an<f  r<7'i#e. 

The  Statutet  of  the  P^rth  General 
Cihmeil  of  Laieran^  recopihed  nnd  «- 
Uhhthed    by    wubiffueni     COuncilt  and 
9yneda,  down  to  the  Qmncit  qf  TYtnt. 
By  ike  R€9.   J.   Erani,  M.A.   8t^.  pp^ 
mi.  90. — The  third  c«oon  of  thii  oouocil 
hai  long  been  aii  object  of  coatrovcrvyp 
though   the  battle  bai  not  tteen  fought 
precipe] y  upon  that  ground.     By  its  de- 
cree* all  perions  conrictedof  hereby  were 
to  be  delivered  far  capital  punishment  to 
the  temporal  rulera,  whoie  backwardness 
in  puniining  tbem  was  to  be  cbnatised  by 
the  releaae  of  the  VESsala  from  homage  and 
fealty  f  and  by  bestowing  their  poBsessioua 
on  others  who  would  obey  the  injutictiou 
more    readily.      In  order  to    evade  the 
charge  ol  peraccution,    drawn  from  thia 
canon,  it  has  been  arguedi  that  the  acts  of 
the  council  hare  not  the  character  of  de- 
crees,   but   are  merely   constitutions    of 
Pope  Innocent  III.  and  thia  representa- 
tion has   been  too  easily    acquiesced  in 
on  the  other  side.     Mr.  Evans  baa  there- 
fore undertaken  a  new  and  imjiortaut  line 
of  research,  to  chow  that  their  decretory 
character  is  recognised  by  a  succeHiiou  of 
Councils  and  Synods.    The  Council  itself 
was  held  in  1915,  and  its  acts  are  apeci- 
flcally  referred  to  as  '*  Statata  Concilii 
Latcranenaii    IV/'     by   the  Council   of 
Aiksin  1334,  indudtng  the  third  or  per- 
■ecvdng  canon*    They  are  quoted  in  even 
an  earlier  document ,  the  eonstitutioni  of 
Richard  Poore,  bishop  of  Sorum,  in  12^, 
as  is  evident  from  the  phroae,  in  LaieraUf 
Conciiio  siatutum  est.     From  that  period 
to  the  Council  of  Trent  there  is  a  chain  of 
similar  authorities ;    and  even  if   there 
were  not|  the  language  of  that  assembly 
would    thfmceforth     aub&tantiate    them, 
*'  per    Late-rnuense    Concilium   Ecclesia 
ttstait."    (Sestio  xir,  cap.  5.)      To  this 
It  may  be  added,  that  they  are  cited  by  the 
irnod  of  Lambeth,    held  In   I5&(t,    at 
which  Cardinal  Pole  presided,  as  the  pre- 
face distinctly  maintains  **  the  decrees  of 
the  General   Council    celebrated    under 
Imiooeiit  II L*'     It  has  been  further  ar- 
godd,  that  the  third  canon  is  wanting  in 
the  Mazarine  MS. ;  but  the  fact  is.  that 
tike  leaf  which  contained  a  poKion  of  it  is 
wmlfiiig,  so  that  it  is  imperfect,  the  deii- 
eivoef  haf  log  been  occaaioned  by  mulila* 
tloft.      Some  writers  bare  regarded  the 
cation  as  only  directed  against  the  Aibi- 
geoia  ;  hot,  Uioiigh  that  persecuted  com* 
mnnity  may  baTe  been  Intended,  the  Ian- 
goage  is  too  general  to  be  reftrieted  to 
nam  :  *'  Eiteommtmiamns  et  anathemm- 
tSstzDttiomnemhitrctiftiiu"   TheabftFacI 


we  have  thus  given  wHl  lerre  to  convince 
our  readers  of  the  rolue  of  the  book,  as 
illustrating  and  con&rming  a  most  Im- 
portant point  in  ecclesiastic  history. 


A  History  nfthe  Churchy  injlt^e  Book$, 
frQm  322  fo  427.  %  Theodoretus,  BUhop 
of  Cyrtts,  A  new  translation*  Svo.  pp* 
jtxiv.  360, — This  volume  belongs  to  the 
series  of  Greek  Ecclesiastical  historians 
of  the  first  six  centuries,  which  has  been 
introduced  to  our  readers  in  a  notice  of 
the  History  of  Eusebiua,*  A  Life  of 
Theodorct  is  prefixed,  with  an  account 
of  his  writings,  including  a  critical  notice 
of  thia  very  work,  to  which  we  refer  aur 
readers t  fof  a  view  of  the  particular  cha- 
racter of  this  history.  It  containa  many 
important  events  omitted  by  other  writer*, 
and  also  several  epistolary  document!. 
The  celebrated  exclamation  of  the  emperor 
Julian,  **  Galilean,  thou  hast  conquered!*' 
rests  on  the  early  authority  of  this  history 
(b.  iii.  c.  26).  Its  chief  defect  is  tiic 
want  of  chronology,  and  occasional  over- 
gightsj  which  require  attention  on  the 
part  of  the  student,  though  they  do 
not  aifect  the  value  of  the  history  ai  a 
whole.  For  an  extensive  notice  of  the 
life  and  writings  of  Theodorct,  the  reader 
may  consult  the  Succession  of  Eccle- 
siastical  Literature,  by  the  late  Dr.  Adam 
Clarke,  and  his  son  the  Rev.  J.  B.  B* 
Clarkct  vol.  ii*  p.  154—195^  where  his 
history  ia  praised  as  abounding  in  original 
documents* 


I 

4 


The  Gntmbierf  a  novel.  By  Miss  Ellen 
PickeriDg,  auMor  o/*'  The  Fright,**  **  The 
Expectant  "  6(c.  3  tots. — Whilst  we  are 
writing  this  notice,  we  perceive  the  decease 
of  the  talented  authoress  announced  in 
the  papers.  The  rleath  of  this  lady  will 
be  felt  as  a  loss  by  all  lovers  of  works  of 
fiction.  Miss  Pickering  has  for  some 
years  held  a  high  place  amongst  writers  in 
this  chus  of  literature.  She  was  particu- 
larly successful  in  sustaining  the  interest 
of  her  Tarious  tales  up  to  the  very  termi- 
nation of  the  story,  and  also  In  her  delinea- 
tions of  character,  some  of  which  are 
drawn  with  no  slight  degree  of  force  and 
spirit,  and  are,  moreover,  in  very  good 
keeping.  The  present  work  Is  one  of  the 
best  of  her  productions,  and  possesses  both 
the  characteristics  to  which  we  have  al- 
luded in  a  marked  degree.  The  ♦*  Grum- 
bler ' '  is  true  to  himself  and  his  title 
throughout.  Blanche  St.  Aubjn,  the 
heroine,  as  a  beautiful  union  of  the  play- 
fulness  of  childhood  and  the  strong  sense 

•  Gent.  Mag.  February,  1843,  p.  ITS. 
t  Now     Incumbent    of    Bagborough, 


[1844.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


63 


fniB^turer  age,  U  •  chArming  dellneatioa, 
must^  we  are  inclmed  to  tbiok,  in 
Bom«  of  iu  lending  features ^  hare  befio 
traced  from  a  liTing  example. 

SfUei  Pi€ee§  from  th§  Poiim  Q^Wtt- 

liam  Wordsworth.  Square  ISmo.— ThJi 
ii  a  beantiful  yoltiine*  Each  pag«  U  mr- 
rounded  bj  a  highly  ornamental  woodcut 
border  of  varied  pattern,  and  in  additioOf 
at  the  head  of  each  poem,  is  introduced  an 
tngraring  on  wood,  the  anbject  of  which 
is  taken  from  the  piece  to  which  it  i«  pre- 
fixed i  many  of  these  are  deaigued  with 
great  taste,  and  the  earecution  b  equally 
good.  The  editor  also  has  displayed  great 
judgment  in  his  aelectiou  of  the  poems, 
which  are  all  choaen  from  those  writings 
of  the  great  poet  of  the  Lakes  which  possess 
a  more  popular  character,  and  the  meaU' 
iDg  and  spirit  of  which  it  more  intelligi- 
ble by  the  ordinary  reader.  We  cannot 
conclude  our  notice  of  this  Tolume  with- 
out ezpressing  our  gratification  at  the  ap. 
appearance  of  what  promises,  in  a  form  ao 
worthy  of  the  diitinguished  authofi  to 
make  his  admirable  productions  more 
enerally  known. 

L€tttrit  fa  my  Children  on  the  preemi 

Dangers  of  the  Church  qf  Christ.  Fcp, 
8*0.  pp*  828. — A  short  prefatory  adver- 
tiaement  mentions  that  theae  letters  were 
really  written,  as  the  title  intimates,  for 
the  benefit  of  the  author's  children. 
They  are  intended,  he  sayi,  to  help  the 
reader  to  distinguish  **  between  true  and 
false  doctrine— between  a  gospel  which 
taket  lh»m  Christ  to  give  to  man,  and  that 
pare  and  besTen-taugbt  Gospel  which 
sets  Him  before  us  as  the  only  Mediator 
between  God  and  man — ^the  only  sacrifice 
for  sin — the  only  way  to  the  Father,  and 
the  Lord  our  righteonniess/'  The  writings 
of  fiCTeml  of  the  bishops  of  the  church 
are  quoted,  and  the  sermons  of  Dr. 
O'Brien,  the  present  Bishop  of  Ossory, 
are  referred  to  throughout.  A  list  of 
books  on  the  anti-tractarian  side  of  the 
question  is  subjoined. 


Pertr^itt  qf  Martpre,  Rrformert^  and 
Sminent  Dhinee,  Not.  I,  2,  and  3. 
4lo.*--These  portraits  were  originally  ea- 
graTcd  for  the  Ckrittian  Ouarditmt  a 
religious  periodical  containing  many  bio- 


graphical memoirs.  They  are  now  re- 
published, as  *^  illuitrattTe  of  Fox^s  Book 
of  Martyrs,  Milner's,  Moshcim's,  Fuller's, 
and  other  Church  Histories.'*  The  siae 
in  which  they  were  engraved  is  octavo i 
but  they  are  taken  off  in  quarto,  to  suit 
editions  of  various  sizes.  The  first  num- 
ber contains  the  portraits  of  Wicliffe, 
John  Buss,  Jerome  of  Prague,  and 
Zuingljua;  the  second,  (Ecolampadiuip 
Luther,  Bugenhagen,  and  Vadianus  ;  the 
third,  MelaDcthon,  TyDdal,  BuMinger,  and 
Bucer,  If  the  design  meets  with  en- 
couragement, it  will  be  carried  on  to 
eight  or  ten  numbers.  Mr.  Soames's  new 
translation  of  Moaheim,  the  new  edition 
of  filler,  the  republication  of  Fox  (which 
is  now  proceeding),  the  volumes  of  the 
Parker  Society,  and  the  recent  History  of 
the  Reformation  by  M.  D'Aubign^,  con* 
cur  fortunately  with  the  issue  of  this 
series  of  illustrative  engravings. 


Letter  to  the  Right  Hon,  Lord  Aghley^ 
M.P*on  the  pretent  Defective  State  of 
National  Bducalhn^  and  the  Neceetity  qf 
Government  Interference.  By  the  Ren, 
Thomas  f^ige*  Ai*A>  Incumbent  of  Chriet 
Chureht  Virginia  Water,  Egham*  Pap* 
800.  pp.  171. — Since  this  volume  ap* 
peared,  the  queition  of  Government  in- 
terference boa  (for  the  present  at  least) 
been  abruptly  disposed  of,  as  the  well* 
meant  intentions  of  Her  Majesty's  minJf 
tert  have  been  thwarted  by  sectarian 
opposition.  Still  we  would  hope  that  the 
cause  of  National  Education  may  gain  by 
the  delay,  and  that  this  opposition,  having 
obtained  its  own  purpose,  may  experience 
the  wholesome  effects  of  reflection  and 
reaction,.  In  the  mean  time,  a  careful 
perusal  of  this  little  volume  will  do  much 
towards  a  right  understanding  of  the  sub- 
ject. While  it  shows  the  advantages  of 
national  education,  it  does  not  conceal 
the  defects  of  the  present  state  of  religions 
instruction,  and  In  that  respect  is  well 
worth  reading  by  every  person  who  hai 
the  superintendence  of  a  weekly  or  Sunday 
school*  The  facts  and  extracts  from  in- 
spectors' reports,  &c.  which  are  scattered 
tnroughout  the  volume,  Increaae  its  usei 
particularly  as  few  have  the  means  of  ob- 
taining or  condensing  such  a  body  of  In* 
formation  on  the  topic  of  which  it  treati. 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE. 


NSW   PtTBUCATtOMt. 


^^V  Hittorg  tmd  Biography, 

^^V    Greece  under  the  Romans :  a  Histori- 

r     cal  View  of  the  Condition  of  the  Greek 


Nation,  from  the  time  of  its  Conquest  by 
the  Romans  until  the  Extinction  of  the 
Roman  Empire  in  the  East,  a.c.  146 — 
JL.D.  717.  By  Gionos  f  inlat,  K.R.Q. 

8vo.  16f. 


64 


New  PMkatumi. 


[Am. 


Retearcbes  into  the  Ecclesiastical  and 
Political  State  of  Ancient  Britain  under 
the  Roman  Emperors ;  with  Obserrations 
upon  the  principal  ETcnts  and  Characters 
connected  with  the  Christian  Religion 
during  the  first  five  centuries.  By  the 
late  RcT.  FaANcis  Thackeray,  A.M. 
3  Tols.  8to.  SU. 

History  of  the  Church  of  Scotland, 
from  the  Reformation  to  the  present 
Time.  By  Thomas  Stxphxn,  Medical 
Librarian,  King*s  College,  London.  3 
Tols.  Vol.  1.  8to.  I3t. 

St.  Patrick*s  Purgatory  :  an  Essay  on 
the  Legends  of  Purgatory,  Hell,  and 
Paradise,  current  during  the  Middle  Ages. 
By  Thomas  W&ight,  esq.  M.A.  F.S.A. 
&c.    Post  8yo.  6f . 

The  Life,  Voya^,  and  Exploits  of 
Admiral  Sir  Francis  Drake,  Knt. :  with 
numerous  Original  Letters  from  him  and 
the  Lord  High  Admiral  to  the  Queen  and 
Great  Officers  of  State.  Compiled  from 
MSS.  in  the  SUte  Paper  Office,  British 
Museum,  and  the  Archives  of  Madrid, 
never  before  published.  By  John  Bar- 
row, esq.    Bvo.  14s. 

Brief  Memoir  of  Sir  Clement  Wearg, 
Knt.  some  time  Solicitor-General  to  his 
Majesty  King  George  the  First,  and  M.P. 
for  Helston.  By  George  Duke,  esq. 
of  Gray*8  Inn.     13mo.  3«. 

Memoirs  of  Admiral  the  Right  Hon. 
the  Earl  of  St.  Vincent,  G.C.B.  &c.  By 
Jedediah  Stephens  Tucker,  esq. 
2  vols.  8vo.  30t. 

George  Selwyn  and  his  Contemporaries : 
with  Memoirs  and  Notes.  By  John 
Hbneaoe  Jesse.  Vols.  3  and  4,  8vo. 
28«. 

Correspondence  between  Bums  and 
Clarinda,  with  a  Memoir  of  Mrs.  M^Le- 
hose  (Clarinda),  arranged  and  edited  by 
her  Grandson,  W.  C.  M'Lehosb.  8vo. 
8«.  6<f. 

Memoirs  of  Robert  William  Elliston, 
Comedian,  1774  to  1810.  By  George 
Raymond,  esq.  With  Portrait  and  lU 
lustrations  by  George  Cruxkshank, 
8vo.  15«. 

Memoirs  of  Joseph  Shepherd  Munden, 
Comedian.  By  his  Son.  Crown  8vo. 
lOf.  M. 

PolitUi  and  Staiitiict, 

Political  Philosophy.  By  Henry  Lord 
Brougham.  Part  3 — of  Democracy; 
Mixed  Monarchv  ;  8vo.  5«. 

The  Law,  or  the  League — Which  ?  A 
Letter  to  Robert  Palmer,  Esq.  M.P.  By 
Albert  Williams,  esq.     8vo.  It. 

Letter  to  Nassau  William  Senior,  Esq. 
in  reply  to  the  article  '*  Free  Trade  and 
Retaliation,"  in  the  Edinburgh  Review, 
8 


No.  157.    By  R.  TommiKSi  esq.  F.R.S. 

8vo.  2». 

Theory  of  a  New  System  of  Increns- 
ing  and  Limiting  Issues  of  Money. 
l2mo.  2f. 

Remarks  on  the  Present  State  of  the 
Coal  Trade :  with  a  retrospective  Glance 
at  its  History ;  addressed  to  tiie  Maraiiis 
of  Londonderry,  K.C.B.  By  Anti-Mo- 
nopolist.   8vo.  U.  6<f. 

Visit  to  the  Wild  West;  or,  a  Sketch 
of  the  Emerald  Isle,  Picturetqne  and 
Political,  during  the  past  Autunm.  By 
AN  English  Traveller.    Bvo.  la. 

Local  Parliaments  the  Coiistitntioiial 
Remedy  for  Local  Grievances.    8vo.  la. 

Hints  on  Sea-risks  ;  containing  some 
Practical  Suggestions  for  diminishing 
Maritime  Losses  both  of  Life  and  Pro- 
perty. Addressed  to  Merchants,  Ship- 
owners, and  Mariners.  By  Lieut.  Ed- 
ward Jennings,  R.N.    8vo.  fit. 

Observations  on  the  Practicability  and 
Utility  of  opening  a  Communication  be- 
tween the  Red  Sea  and  the  Mediterranean 
by  a  Ship  Canal  through  the  Isthmns 
of  Suez.  By  Arthur  Anderson.  8vo.2ff. 

Inquiry  into  the  Means  of  establishing 
a  Ship  Navigation  between  the  Mediter- 
ranean and  the  Red  Sea.  By  Jambs 
Vetch,  Capt.  R.E.  F.R.S.    8vo.  2». 

The  Ameers  of  Scinde  :  Letter  to  the 
Hon.  the  Court  of  Directors  of  the  East 
India  Company  from  the  Right  Hon.  Sir 
Harpord  JoNsa  BRYD0E8,Bart  D.C.L. 
8vo.  It. 

Letters  from  Settlers  and  Labouring 
Emigrants  in  the  New  Zealand  Com- 
pany's Settlements  ofWellington,  Nc^on, 
and  New  Plymouth,  from  Feb.  184S  to 
Jan.  7,  1843.     12mo.  It. 

The  Mothers  of  Eng^nd,  their  In- 
fluence and  Responsibility.  By  the  Au- 
thor of  *'The  Women  of  England." 
Cr.  8vo.  lOt. 

The  Married  State ;  its  Obligations  and 
Duties  ;  with  Hints  on  the  Education  of 
a  Family.  By  John  Foster,  D.D. 
18mo.  2t.  6<f. 

Prize  Essay  on  the  Evils  which  are 
produced  by  Late  Hours  of  Business,  and 
on  the  Benefits  which  would  attend  their 
abridgement.  By  Thomas  Davies. 
With  a  Preface  by  the  Hon.  and  Rev. 
Baptist  W.  Noel,  A.M.  8vo.  6<f. 

Trateh  and  Topography, 

Italy,  Classical,  Historical,  and  Pictur* 
esque,  illustrated  and  described.  By 
Wm.  Brockedon,  esq.  F.R.S.  Imp. 
4to.  60  plates  and  letter-press,  5/.  lOt, 
Proofs,  mor.  8/.  18t.  6<f. 

Pictorial  Tour  in  the  Mediterranean, 
including  Malta,  Dalmatia,  Turkey,  Asia 


18440 


New  PubUcatwns, 


65 


Minor,  Grecian  Archinelngo,  Egypt,  Na- 
hUt  Greece,  lonisn  Islands,  Sicily,  ll^J^ 
9nain.  Bj  John  H.  Allax,  Imp.  4to, 
Sf.  S#. 

Travels  in  tbe  Interior  of  North  Ame- 
rica.  ByMAXtiftLiAN  Pnnt-e  of  Wbid. 
With  Diuserons  engravingi9  on  wood  and 
a  larire  map.  Tranislated  from  the  Ger- 
man b J  H*  Evans  Lloyd  ;  to  accompany 
the  original  seriei  of  81  eluborately- 
coloured  plates,  iixe  impeiiat  folio.  Im- 
I>ertal  4  to.  HL  I  St.  Si,  The  work  com- 
plete, 33/. 

Soenea  and  Scenery  in  tbe  Sandwich 
Ijlandf  t  and  a  Trip  through  Central  Ame 
rial ;  being  Observations  from  my  Note - 
Book  daring  the  yean  1837  to  1842. 
By  J  Allans  J.  Jarnbs,  Author  of  **  Uii- 
tory  of  the   Sandwich  lalanda."     l?mo. 

?^.  erf. 

Iapre«fiona,  Thoughta,  and  Sketches 
dmifig  two  years  in  France  and  Switzer- 
Uod.     By  Martba  Macdoptaud  La- 

MONT.      6t, 

Wanderings  of  a  Jonrneym&n  Tailor 
throttf  h  Europe  and  the  East  during  the 
^earjt  l«:?-l  la  1840.  By  P.  D.  HolthaitSi 
rtieyman  Tailor,  from  Werdohl,  in 
•t  phalia^  By  W  i  l  li  a  »  H  o w  itt  ,  6«. 
foyafti  ronnd  the  World,  from  the 
Death  of  Captain  Cook  to  the  Present 
Time.  5t.  (Edinburgh  Cabinet  Library, 
VoU  54.) 

The  Sandwich  Islands  :  Progress  of 
Evcnta  since  the  DUcovery  by  Captain 
Cook  ;  their  Occuption  by  Lord  George 
Fratet  ;  their  Valne  and  Importance. 
By  kiMXAtTDMB.  Simmon,  esq.  late 
mAkm  there  as  her  Maje8ty*a  Conml. 

Twtire  Months  in  Wellington,  Port 
?ndioUon,  Of  Notes  for  the  Public  and 
the  New  Zealand  Company.  By  Lieut. 
J  OB  w  Wood.  KK.  Anthorof  ''Travels 
to  tlw  Oxua.**    l^mo,   U.  fid. 

Ptfii  and  ita  People.  By  the  Author 
of  ••  The  Ofeat  Metropolia/'  fl^c.  S  vola. 
erowB  »vo,  *li. 

The  History  of  the  Town  of  Gravesend, 
ifl  the  county  of  Kent,  and  of  the  Port  of 
London.  By  Robeat  P.  CltUDE>f*    Roy. 

Glimpses  of  Nature  and  Objects  of 
intereatt  described  during  a  Visit  to  the 
lale  of  Wight  ^  designed  to  assist  and  en. 
cottra^  Younf  Persons  in  forming  habits 
«if  ohterratJon.  By  Mrs.  LoirnoN,  Au- 
thor of  *•  Botmy  for  LAdies,**  &c.  IGmo. 
lU.  Crf, 

Trekod,  Dublin,  the  Shannon,  C^rk 
ifi4  the  ICIlkenoy  Raees,  the  Round 
Towera,  the  Lakes  of  Killamey,  the 
CoQDtj  of  Wick  low,  O'Connell  and  the 
Repeal    Anodadon,     Belfast,    and    the 

G»WT.  aMao.  Vol.  XXL 


Giant's    Cauieway.     By  3.  O.  KoHt 

8  TO.  5«. 

Z)*Vini/y. 

The  Pars}  Religion,  as  contained  in  th#^ 
Zand-Avast^t,  and  propounded  and  de-J 
fended  by  the  Zoroastrians  of  India  and! 
Persia,  unfolded,  refuted,  and  contrasted  j 
with  Christianity,  By  John  Wil«ok» 
D.D.  M:R.A.S.     8vo.  1G#. 

The  Protestant  Reformation  in  alt  ; 
Countries ;  including  Sketches  of  tbo  i 
State  and  Prospects  of  the  Reformed  1 
Cliurches.  By  the  Rer.  John  Moai^ONp  ] 
D.D,     8vo.  12*. 

Discourses   for  the    Festivals    of  tho  ' 
Church  of  England  ;    with   Notes.     Bf  ! 
the  RcT.  J.  B.  MARiroEN,  M.A.  Recto^ 
of  Tooting,  Surrey,  «to,  1^. 

Sermons  bearing  on  Subjects  of  tho 
Day.  By  John  Henry  Newman,  B*D. 
Fellow  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford.  «vo.  12*# 

The  Gospel  according  to  St.  Matthew 
and  part  of  the  first  chapter  of  St.  Mark, 
translated  from  the  Greek,  with  original 
notes.  By  Sir  John  Chkkb,  Knt,  Svo. 
Is,  6rf.  \ 

The  Voice  of  tho  Glorious  Reformation  ; 
or,  an  Apology  for  ETaugellcal  Doctrinefl 
in  the  Anglican  Church.     By  the  Rer.  ^ 
CBAitLBfl  PopHAM  Miles,  B.A.  iSmo- 

Aaron^s  Rod  Blossoming ;  or,  the  Di- 
vine Ordinance  of  Church  Government 
vindicated ;  so  as  the  present  Erastiatt 
Controversy  concerning  the  Distinction 
of  Civil  and  Ecclesiastical  Government, 
&e.     By  G.  GiLtESPja.     Svo.  6*. 

Sermons  preached   in   the  Church  of  i 
St.    Matthew,   Brixton.      By   the   Rev,  j 
William  HillTijciceb,M.A.  Fellow  of 
King's    College,    Cambrid^,    and    Late 
Curate  of  St.  Matthew's.     Vol.  2,  6*. 

The  Faith  once  delivered  to  the  Sainti 
considered  in  its  Distinctive  Principles 
and  Sure  Resntts,  in  Six  Discourses.  By 
the  Rev.  Joseph  Riooewat,  M.A, 
Rector  of  High  Roding,  Essex. 

What  is  Christianity  .>  By  Thomas 
VowLEK  Short,  Biahop  of  Sodor  and 
Man.     2#.  bU 

Primary  Charge  of  the  Right  Rev. 
RoBKftT  Daly,  D.D.  Lord  Bishop  of 
Cashcl  Waterford,  and  Liamore.  De- 
livered to  the  throe  dioceses  in  July  1843. 
dvo.  2rf. 

Charge  to  the  Clergy  of  the  Diocese  of 
Bangor,  delivered  in  the  month  of  Sep- 
tember, III43.  By  CttRifrTOPBSR,  Lord 
Bisbop  of  Bangor     Hvo.  la,  6rf. 

Serious  DJssuasives  from  Popery.  By 
Archbishop  TiLLOTSON,  and  Bishofa 
Hall  and  Jeremy  Taylor.  With 
Introductory  Esaay  by  the  Rer.  Edwaro 
Nanglk,  B.A,  of  Achill.     l«mo.  3*. 


Niw  Pid>Hcationi. 


[Jut. 


Some  Renuirks  on  the  Sermon  of  the 
Rer.  Dr.  Piuey,  lately  preached  and  pub- 
lished at  Oxford,  in  a  Letter  addressed  to 
that  Gentleman.  By  Samuel  Lee,  D.D. 
Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  in  the  Uui- 
versity  of  Cambridge.     Hvo.  3«. 

The  Tendency  of  '*  Church  Principles  '* 
fto  called  to  Romanism,  proved  and  illus- 
trated from  the  recent  Pamphlet  of  the 
Rer.  Wm.  Palmer,  and  from  Dr.  Hook's 
«  Church  Dictionary.**  By  the  Rev.  F. 
Close,  Incombent  of  Cheltenham.  Hvo. 
OVf. 

Dr.  Pusey  and  the  Fathers  ;  or,  a  Com- 
parison of  the  Doctrine  in  the  Sermon  of 
the  Former  with  Writers  on  the  First  Five 
Centuries.  By  the  Rev.  T.  W.  Mkllbr, 
M.A.  of  Trinity  College.     8to.  It.  6tf. 

The  Great  Change,  a  Treatise  on  Con- 
▼ersions.  By  George  Bedford,  D.D. 
LL.D.     ISmo.  It. 

Israel's  Ordinances ;  a  few  thoughts 
on  their  Perpetuity,  respectfully  suggested 
in  a  Letter  to  the  Right  Rer.  the  Bishop 
of  Jerusalem.  By  Charlotte  Eliza- 
beth.   8vo.  It. 

Companion  to  Family  Prayer,  compris- 
ing Discourses  on  the  Senrices  appointed 
by  the  Liturgy  for  Sundays  and  Holydays. 
Br  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Samuel  Best, 
M.A.     12mo.  5t. 

Justorum  Semita ;  or,  the  Path  of  the 
Just :  a  History  of  the  Saints  and  Holy- 
days  of  the  present  English  Kalendar. 
4t.  (m/. 

Predestination  and  Election  considered 
Scripturally.  By  William  Merry, 
esQ.     18mo.  2t. 

Narrative  of  a  Visit  to  Christian  Bre- 
thren in  Hamburg,  Copenhagen,  &c. 
By  James  Hoby,  D.D.     18mo.  It.  6J. 

The  Baptisms  of  Scripture  unfolded,  in 
two  parts.    By  Sarah  Bull.    9$. 

Pottry. 

Records  of  Scenery,  and  other  Poems. 
By  the  Hon.  J.  A.  Maynard.    8vo.  7t. 

Studies  of  Sensation  and  Event :  Poems. 
By  Ebenezer  Jones.    8vo.  ^, 

Sunday  Evening  Musings,  and  other 
Poems:  with  an  Appendix,  on  Sacra, 
mental  Efficacy.  By  Wm.  B.  Flower. 
Crown  8vo.  5t. 

Voices  of  the  Night,  and  other  Poems. 
By  Henry  Wadsworth  Longfellow. 
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Godolphin :  a  Tragedy,  in  Rve  Acts ; 
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Marion ;  or,  the  Page :  a  Play.  8vo.  4t. 

Theresa,  the  Maid  of  the  Tyrol :  a  Tra- 
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Thomas.     8vo.  3t.  6<f. 

The  Robber's  Cave ;  or.  Four-homed 


Moon  :  a  Drama,  in  imitJiHon  and  after 
the  manner  of  Shakspenre,  in  Five  Acts. 

Vision  of  Julian,  a  Poem.  By  John 
Williams  Hodges,  late  of  Untversity 
College,  Oxford.    8vo.  1<.  6<f. 

Marguerite,  a  Tragedy,  in  Three  Acts. 
By  the  Author  of  "  The  Shepherd's 
WeU."    8vo.  It. 

Novels^  TmUs,  ^e. 

Arabella  Stuart ;  a  Romance  from  Eng- 
lish History.  By  G.  P.  R.  Jamsb,  esq. 
3  vols.  3 It.  6d. 

The  Laurringtons ;  or,  Superior  Fto- 
ple.  By  Mrs.  Trollops.  3  toIb.  31<.  Si. 

Men  and  Women ;  or,  Manorinl  Rights. 
By  the  Author  of  **  Adventorea  of  Sbsbb 
Hopley.*'     3  vols.  3U.  Sd. 

The  Brothers :  a  Tale  of  the  Fronde, 
and  other  Stories.  By  the  Author  of 
'*  Oliver  Cromwell,"  &c.  3  vols.  31«.  6d. 

The  Grave  Digger :  a  Novel.  By  the 
Author  of  *'  The  Scottish  Heiress.*'  3 
vols.  3  It.  Gd. 

The  Grumbler:-  a  Novel.  By  Miss 
Ellen  Pickering.  3  vols,  crown  8vo. 
31t.  Gd. 

The  Soldier  of  Fortune.  By  Hrmry 
Curling,  esq.  3  vols,  crown  8vo.  31«.  6d, 

W^hitefriars ;  or,  the  Days  of  Charles 
the  Second :  an  Historical  Ronaance.  3 
vols.  3 It.  dd, 

Caleb  Stukely ;  reprinted  from  BladL- 
wood*s  Magazine.    3  vols.  28«.  6d^ 

Modern  Chivalry ;  or,  a  new  OrlRndo 
Fttrioso.     By  Mrs.  Gorb.     8  vols.  9U. 

The  Light  Dragoon.  By  the  Author  of 
**  The  Subaltern,''  &c.    S  vols.  8U. 

Ned  Myers ;  or,  Life  before  the  Mast. 
Edited  by  J.  Fenimorb  Coopbx.  8  vols. 
18t. 

Harry  Mowbray.  By  Captain  Kkoz, 
24  plates,  14t. 

Edward  Somers  :  a  Domestic  Story  and 
a  Legend  of  the  Coast.  By  the  Author 
of  "  Poems,  by  Viator."  Post  8vo.  St.  6d. 

The  Tests  of  Hme  :  a  Story  of  Sooiel 
Life.  By  Sarah  Wood,  Author  of 
**  Life's  I.«ssons.'»     Si. 

The  Red  and  Wliite  Roses,  and  other 
Stories.     16mo.  3t. 

Sketches  from  Life;  containing  Flora 
Walford,  Henry  Fitzharris,  and  Mary 
Glenmurry.    2t.  6d, 

Little  Alice  and  her  Sister.  Square 
16mo.     2t.  (id. 

Tales  of  the  ViUagc  Children.  By 
Francis  E.  Paget,  M.A.  18ma  nu- 
merous illustrations.     2t.  6d. 

Laurence  Stark,  a  Family  Picture. 
Translated  from  the  German.  By  Thomas 
Gabpey.     l2mo.  ?t.  6d. 

True  Stories  from  the  History  of  the 
Church.     Second  Series,  iGmo.  2t.  (m/. 


18440 


New  Publications, 


67 


I 


I 


Tale«  of  the  Great  ami  Brave.  By  M. 
FiiASKa  TxTtKn..     Second  S«He«.     5<r. 

Tales  for  Boys.  By  Ma«y  Etuorr. 
lemo.  St. 

Stories  of  Greek  Buitory,  in  a  series  of 
Tales  related  to  bis  Son.  By  B,  G. 
NiBBUHR.  TransUted  from  the  German. 
8to.  3#. 

Heroic  Tales  of  Ancient  Greece,  related 
by  Berthold  Nicbxihr  to  his  little  Son 
Marcus.  Translated  from  the  German. 
Edited,  with  Notes  and  References  to 
Ancient  Sculptures  and  Pictures  in  the 
Britiah  Museum,  &c.  By  Fblix  Sum- 
is  balt.     4m,  Sd, 

Aslaoga  and  her  Knight,  an  AUeg^oryt 
from  the  German  of  the  Baron  de  la 
Foiu|ae;  a  new  translation »  18mo.  It.  6^/* 

IJlerature  and  Itan^age, 

Greek  Prosody;  containing  Etiles  for 
the  Structure  of  lamb^Ct  Trochaic,  Ana- 
peestic,  and  Dactylic  Verse  :  with  Two 
Diaaertations — 1,  On  the  VersiS cation  of 
Homer,  and  the  use  of  the  Digamma  in 
his  Poems  ;  2,  On  Metrical  Time  in  lam* 
btc,  Trochiaci  and  AoapKstic  Verse.  By 
GaoEoB  Dunbar,  A.M.,  F.R.S.E.  %io. 

The  Enkheiridion  of  Hthfabticon  con* 
cemiog  Metres  and  Poems,  tmnslsted  into 
English,  and  illustrated  by  Notea,  and 
A  Rhythmical  Notation,  with  Prolegomena 
on  Rhythm  and  Accent.  By  Thomas 
Efi  Babiiau,  M.B,  formerly  of 
'9  College,  Cambridge.  @to.  B«.  M. 
le  Electrm  of  Sophocles  ;  with  Notes, 
Critktl  and  Erphwatory,  adapted  to  the 
tise  of  Sebools  and  UniVersities.  By  T. 
MicaiLL,  A,M.     8?o.  5j. 

Arabic  Syntajc,  chiefly  selected  from 
the  Hidayut-oon-Nubvi  Treotise,  a  Syn- 
tax in  the  Original  Arabic.  By  H. 
fiBBEsroBp,  B.C.L.  Royal  8vo.  10*.  M. 

Floors  Dictionary  of  the  German  and 
English  Languages,  abridged.  In  Two 
Parta — K  German  and  English  ;  l\  Eng- 
liah  and  German.  Carefully  compUed 
from  the  London  Edition  of  FUigert  larger 
Dictionary.  By  C.  E.  Fa i ling  and 
John  OmsivFOBD.     18 mo.  9#. 

Principles  of  Language  exemplified  in  a 
practical  English  Grammar,  with  copious 
eiercises ;  designed  as  an  introduction  to 
the  study  of  languages  geaerally.  For 
the  nae  of  schools  and  self-instruction. 
By  Gkoiigb  CaANE.  5f. 

Prindptes  of  Phyiriognomy  and  Natural 
Lao^u^e.     BySAiisosr  Davts.  Bvo.  It. 

Poetical  Works  of  John  .Sketton  :  with 
Notes,  aod  some  Account  of  the  Author 
and  hii  Writings.  By  the  Rev.  Alex- 
Aifet^Bm  0YCV*     2  ?ola.  8to,  3S*. 

A  CotlMtkm  of  the  Romances,  NoveU, 
isd  Hiitorifii   used  by  Shakei* 


_  f»eflM,  isd 


peare  as  the  Foundation  of  his  Dromasf 
now  first  collected  and  accurately  re* 
printed  from  the  Original  Editions.  By 
J.  Payne  Collyeh,  esq.  F.S.A.  "i  toIs, 
8vo.  2U. 

The  Mabinogion,  Part  .5,  containing 
the  Dream  of  Rhonabroy,  and  the  Tale  of 
Pwyll,  Prince  of  Dyted,  8vo.  8*. 

The  Nursery  Rhymes  of  England,  col- 
lected chiefly  from  Oral  Tradition.  Edited 
by  James  Orchard  Halliwell,  esq. 
Third  Edition,  with  33  illustrations  by 
W.,  B.  Scott,  royal  l8mo.  4#.  M. 

Cootri  but  tons  to  the  Edinburgh  Re- 
▼lew.  By  Fbancis  Jeffrey,  now  ooe 
of  the  Judges  of  Che  Court  of  Session  in 
Scotland.     4  vols.  8vo»  2L  @t. 

Life  in  the  Sick  Room  ;  Essays  by  aft 
loTalid.     Crown  Bro.  8f. 

Ladies'  and  Gentleman^  New  Letter 
Writer :  Original  Letters  relative  to  Bu* 
sinesi,  Duty,  Friendship,  Love,  and  Mar. 
riagc.  By  C.  Acton  Smith.  !8mo.  U.Grf. 

Lmr, 

Essay  on  the  Lcnrning  of  Contingent 
Remainders  and  Executory  Denses.  By 
Charles  Fearne,  Esq.  Borrister-at- 
Law  of  the  Middle  Temple.  Tenth  edi- 
tion.  By  Josiah  W.  Smith,  B.C.L,  2 
vols,  royal  Bvo.  2L  4*. 

Digest  and  Index,  with  Chronological 
Tables,  of  all  the  Statutes,  from  Magna 
Charta  to  the  end  of  the  Present  Session  ; 
and  Table  of  ContenU,  Table  of  Cases, 
index  to  Notes,  &c.  In  Three  Parts. 
Part  the  Third.  By  George  Crabb« 
Esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Banidter-at- 
Law.     Royal  8to.  31*.  Gd. 

Chitty's  Treatise  on  Pleading  and  Par- 
ties to  Actions,  with  second  and  third  Vo- 
lumes, containing  modem  Precedents  and 
Pleadings,  and  Practical  Notes.  Se¥cntii 
edition^  corrected  and  enlarged.  By 
Hbnhy  Grbbning,  Esq.  Lincoln's  Inn. 
3  vols,  royal  Rvo.  Vob.  I  and  2  ^  the  3 
vols.  AL  I  Or. 

Manual  of  Medical  Jurisprudence.  By 
Alfred  S.  Tavlor.     12*.  €rf. 

Collection  of  Statutes  passed  in  the  last 
Session  (0  and  7  Vict,)  as  far  as  relates  to 
the  Office  of  a  Justice  of  the  Peace ^  and 
to  Parochial  Matters  in  England  and 
Wales.  With  Notes,  Refereoccs»  and  a  a 
Index.  By  John  Tibd  Pratt,  Esq. 
Barrister- at.  I^w.     8vo.  '6s, 

Geoeral  Highways  Act,  5  and  (>  WilL 
IV.  c.  IjO,  and  the  Statutes  and  Cases  re- 
lating thereto :  with  an  Intro  deletion  |, 
Notesi  and  Index.  By  AtrRKO  A*  Fry, 
Esq.  Bsrrister-at-Law.     3#. 

Mtditine, 

Caloric  :  its  Mecbonical,  Chemical,  and 
Vital  Agencies  in  the  PheoiOmcin  of  N«|^ 


68 


New  PutUeaiumi. 


[Jan. 


ture.    By  Samuil  L.  Mbtcalvv,  M.D. 
of  TranaylTtnia  Univenity.     S  toU.  8vo. 

35#.  .     .u    u 

On  SupentltioDi  oonnected  with  the 
History  and  Practice  of  Medioine  and 
Surfery.  By  Thomas  Josspb  Pitti- 
a»KW,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A.,  &c.  Bvo.  7«. 

The  Physiology  of  Inflammation  and 
the  Healing  Process.  By  Benjamin 
Trafbrs.  F.R  S.  8¥0.  7t. 

The  Cold  Water  Cure,  as  practised  by 
Vincent  Priessnits  at  Qrafenberg  in  Sile- 
sia ;  with  an  account  of  Cases  successfully 
treated  at  Prestbury,  near  Cheltenham. 
By  Richard  Beamish,  Esq.  F.R.S.  4t. 

Observations  on  the  Proximate  Cause 
of  Insanity;  being  an  attempt  to  prove 
that  Insanity  is  dependent  on  a  Morbid 
Condition  of  the  Blood.  By  Jamis 
Shbppard,  Member  of  the  Royal  Col- 
lege of  Surgeons.     ISmo.  3«.  dd. 

Cases  of  Dropsical  Ovarla  removed  by 
the  large  Abdominal  Section.  By  D. 
Henry  Walne,  Surgeon.  8vo.  3*.  Gd. 

Hinte  on  the  Health  and  Disease  of  the 
Skin.  By  Walter  Cooper  Dbmdt, 
Fellow  of  the  Medical  Society  of  London, 
&o.     l8mo.     It.  6d, 

The  Zoology  of  the  Voyage  of  H.  M.  S. 
Beagle,  under  the  oommand  of  Capt.  Fitz- 
roy.  R.N.  during  the  years  1832  to  1836. 
Edited  and  superintended  by  Charles 
Darwin,  esq.  M.A.,  F.R.S.,  Sec.  G.  S. 
Naturalist  to  the  Expedition.  Nineteen 
ParU.     8/.  15«. 

Or,  seiiarately.  as  follows  :— 

Fossil  Mammalia.  By  R.  Owen,  F.R.S. 
Prof,  of  Anatomy  and  Physiology  to  the 
Royal  College  of  Surgeons.  With  a  Geo- 
logical Introduction.  By  Ch  arles  Dar< 
WIN,  esii-  &c.     32  plates.  32«. 

Mammalia.  Ry  Georoe  R.  Water- 
HOUSE,  esq.  Curator  of  the  Zoological 
Society  of  London,  8ic,     35  plates.  4Si. 

Birds.  By  John  Gould,  esq.  F  L.S, 
With  a  notice  of  their  habits  and  ranges. 
By  Charles  Darwiw,  esq.  Xc,  35 
plates.    60s. 

Fish.  By  the  Rev.  Leonard  Jemyns, 
M.A.,  F.R.S.  29  plates.  38«. 

ReptUes.  By  Thomas  Bell,  F.R.S., 
&c.    30  plates.  2<2ff. 

The  London  Journal  of  Botany.  By 
Sir  W.  J.  Hooker,  K.H.,  LL.D.,  F.R.S. 
andL.S.  Vol.  3  (for  the  year  1843). 
8vo.  34  plates.  30s. 

Sertum  Plantarum  ;  or.  Drawings  and 
Descriptions  of  rare  or  undescribed  Plants 
from  the  Authors'  Herbarium.  By  H.  B. 
Fielding,  F.L.S.  and  R.G.S. ;  and 
George  Gardner,  F.L.S.  Superintend- 
ent of  the  Royal  Botanic  Gardens,  Ceylon. 
I*art  1 ,  containing  35  pUtes  and  text  (to 
^  completed  in  four  parts),  7#. 


PUnts    of 
Useful  to  MiB.    410.    Colvmd  pkiM 
and  letter-prsis.    6t,  64, 

Stories  of  the  Animal  World,  ii  i  smwI 
so  as  to  font  a  SystamsHo  latrofaMoa 
to  Zoology.  By  the  lUr.  B.  H.  DaAna. 

Lessons  on  Animals,  Vefetabiss,  aad 
Minerals.    By  Mrs.  Mabobt.  Itao.  S«. 

Seiemee  ouf  ArU. 

Transaetioas  of  the  Royal  Geoloilesl 
Society  of  ComwalL    Vol.  5.  8vo.  S«». 

The  Geologist:  a  Record  of  laveatiga. 
tions  and  Discoveries  in  GadogT,  ICiaer- 
alogy,  &c.  for  the  year  IMS.  fljdltad  by 
Charles  Moxow,  esq.  Cnrator  of  the 
Scientiiic  Soeie^  of  London.     8fo.  18t. 

Magnetical  InvestigatiOQS.  By  the 
Rev.  W  ScoRVSEY,  D.D.  Pkrt  8,  com- 
prising InYestigatioaa  eoMamiaf  tiie 
tdaws  or  Principles  aflisetiiif  tha  po«ar  of 
Magnetic  Steel  Plates  on  Bars  ia  ooasU. 
nation  as  well  as  singly.     Bvo   IQt.  M. 

The  Sources  of  Physlesl  SeiciMe  i  baby 
an  Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Phyaio* 
]ogj,  through  Physics.  By  Ai.fbb» 
Smbr,  F.R.S.  8vo.  lOi.  M. 

The  Locomotive  Engine  iUnstratad. 
By  Jamrs  Basirb,  Jua.  Royal  fUlo.  8t. 

Experimental  Rcseai«he8»  Cbamlesl 
and  Agricultural ;  shewing  Carbon  to  ba  a 
Compound  Body,  made  by  Plaats,  aad 
decomposed  by  Putrefisotlon.  By  Ro* 
BERT  RioG,  F.R.S.  8vo.  7«.  6d. 

Elements  of  Fractional  Aiithssatie; 
being  introductory  to  the  Study  of  Mathe- 
matics. By  George  Lbbb,  A.M.  Itao. 
3«.  6d, 

The  Improved  Scotch  Swhig  PUmg^ : 
with  Practical  Illustrations  on  Fknifh- 
making  and  Ploughing,  and  many  other 
Observations  in  connection  with  Agricol- 
ture.     By  Jambs  Hvntbr.  8vo*  4t. 

Wood  Pavement,  its  Origin  and  Pro- 
gress. By  Albxandbb  B.  Blaokib, 
F.S.A.  Kvo.  1«. 

ArcMiechtre. 
Ancient  and  Modem  Arohiteotnrai  ooa* 
sisting  of  Views,  Plans,  Eletatioas,  Bae* 
tions,  and  Details  of  the  most  MBsavkaUe 
Edifices  ia  the  World.  Edited  by  M. 
Jules  Gailharaud.  Forty  EngvafiagSi 
executed  in  the  finest  manner,  with  Archis? 
ological  and  Descriptive  Notices.  Traas^ 
lated  and  revised  by  F.  Ahu^toalb.  Imp. 
4to.  2/.  13#.  6d. 

Fine  Arts. 
The  Monumental  Effigies  of  the  Tem- 
ple Church;  with  an  account  of  their 
Restoration  in  the  year  1843.  By  B. 
Richardson,  Soulptor.  Imp.  4to.  II 
plates.  31«. 


HTegi 


18440 


LUerary  and  Scientific  Intelli^enct, 


OM  EngUndt  a  Pictorial  Miuemni  of 
ftl,  EccleaiAstioftl,  SifoniAl,   and  Po- 
pultr  AntiqtiJtiet.  Bj  CKARLtti  Kniost. 
Part  L  folio.  U«  tiif. 

Part  Singing  }  or»  HarmoDy  for  Cboral 
SocieticB  and  llome  Circlei — Baie  and 
Pianoforte  ScorCi  pp.  104,  8vo.  h§.  6rf,  ; 
Sopjaiio,  pp.  100,  A»,\  AUO|  pp*  54, 
3f . ;  Tenor,  pp.  58^  3#. 

School  Muaic,  or  Soogi  and  Hymns 
from  t.be  Siofing  Maater  ;  comprising 
Se?eDtj*fijc  Moroi  Songs  for  Children 
arrfjifod  to  Popular  Airsi  and  Seventy 
Pfialma  and  Hymna  with  their  appropriate 
TiLoe«*     Hvo.  5#,  6«f. 

Victoria  Annual,  1844:  18  emblenm- 
tlcal  design 6  printed  in  colouri  and  gold, 
drawn  ia  the  Misaal  styU.  Royal  4to. 
2/,  2*, 

The  Priim  of  Imagination  for  1844.  By 
the  BAR0NRf4!i   i>i:  Calabarlla.  Bvo. 

!21ir. 


UNivaaaiTY  or  cAimaiDOM* 

The  following  subjects  have  been  iaiueU 
for  the  priies  of  l«44  t 

Chancellor' I  gold  medal,  for  English 
verie.^'*  The  Tower  of  London*'* 

The  Marovicsa  Camden'a  gold  medal, 
for  Latl^  bexameter  verse, — *'  Arobi- 
medaa/^ 

The  Members'  priiea  for  Latin  ProM 
Composition : 

1,  For  the  Bachelors,—"  Quomodo  in 
ledibua  aacna  omamenta  artesque  '<1  ^-^ 
chitecturam  pertinentev  Terie  reitgioni 
urosunt." 

2,  For  the  Undergradiiatci,— *'  Qaoc- 
nam  beoeficia  a  kgibua  pmseriptia  dili- 
geiiter  obtervatis  Academis  Alumni  per- 
ctpiant.** 

Sir  WiUiam  Browne's  gold  medab  ; 

1.  For  the  Greek  Ode,— '•  Victoria  Be- 
gin a  Academiam  suam  Cantabrigienseoi 
inviiit.** 

2.  For  the  Latin  Ode,—**  N«Uoai  Mo- 
nnmeotnmJ* 

3.  For  tlie  Greek  Epigram,  —  **  Non 
fumum  ex  fulgore," 

4.  For  the  Latin  Epigram,—**  locidit 
in  Seyllam  cupiens  vitare  Charybdim." 

The  Por«on  Priie,  for  Irunelation  into 
Oreck  veric,  U  Shakiperc,  second  part  of 
Henry  IV.  Act  IV.  Scene  4,  begiuning 
**  Tby  with  was  father,*'  and  ending 
*^  unto  the  worms." 

DUBLIN    UNIVERSITY. 

The  Regius  Profesaor  of  Divinity  bus 
awarded  bis  Arst  premium  to  Ds.  W* 
M*CaU  \  secoad  premium  to  Di*  U.  JcUet. 


Archbiahop  King's  Divinity  Leoturar 
haa  awarded  his  ftrit  premium  to  H«  F« 
HaB ',  second  premium  to  A.  HulloweU. 

The  ElringtoB  Tbcdogioal  Priae  wa< 
obUined  by  Ds.  H.  Jelbt. 

The  subject  of  the  Elrington  Theologi- 
cal prize  for  the  nejtt  year  (U44),  is, 
•"  Whether  any  exercise  of  private  judg- 
ment remain  with  the  individual  after  he 
has  determined  the  question  — *  Whi^h  ii 
the  true  Church?'  '* 

The  Irish  Scholarships,  founded  in  the 
University  by  the  Governors  of  the  Col- 
lege of  St,  Columbia,  were  obtained  by 
T,  W.  Skelton  and  E.  Maguire. 

ROYAL    SiOClETV. 

JVev.  30.  At  the  Anniversary  Meeting, 
the  following  noblemen  and  gentlemen 
were  elected  the  CouocLl  of  the  Society  j — 

PaaaiOBNT—Tlie  Marguis  of  Northampton. 
TRaASUHas^fiir  J.  W.  Lobboelt,  fiart.  M.A. 
SKCRKTAaiBs— P.  M.  Rflget,  M.D  ;  S.  H. 
Chrintie,  «ttj.  M,A.  FoaaioN  iiKoaaTASY— 
i,  P.  Uaniell,  et*].  C>THaa  MaMBsas  or  this 
CotJUCiL— M.  BAJff^',  M.D. ;  W*  Movmutri,  esq,; 
Sir  T,  M,  »irkk9m0,  KM.B.tH,  J.  Brooke, 
esq. ',  It  Brawn,  esq.  O.CX. ;  IF.  F.  Ckamkert, 
ATD.,  KCM,:  O.Dullimi,  ««f,  /  T,  Graham, 
««tf.  M.A.  /  J.  T.  Grav«a.  esq.  M,A.  \  R.  Lee, 
M;D.  ;  W,  H.  Miller,  eaq.  M.A. ;  «.  /  Murchi- 

Captain  J.  C,  Rou^ 


[Tne  f^entlatnen  wbos«  names  aro  printed  in 
ItRHea,  ware  not  Membeni  of  the  Uut  CoujiciU) 


THE    WRSTMTNfiTBR    PLAY. 

The  Phormio  of  Terence  was  acted  on 
the  even  in  ga  of  Thnraday  the  Hth,  Mon- 
day the  iSth,  and  Tburtday  the  2Ut  of 
Dectfmber,  by  the  ^aeen's  scholars  at 
Westminster.  This  play  appears  to  be 
most  frequently  chosen  by  these  youthful 
comedians  on  account  of  the  comparative 
facility  with  which  it  is  represented,  and 
the  variety  of  characters  which  almost 
equally  share  in  the  interest  of  the  drama 
and  the  applause  of  the  spactators.  Its 
plot,  however,  doea  not  possess  the  in- 
terest which  is  to  be  found  in  those  of  the 
Adelphi  and  Eunuohus.  The  oharaetcra 
were  well  sustajned  throughout)  Messrs* 
Smyth  and  ....  « *  performed  tbeir  parts 
Bke  experienoed  actors.  Phoedria  and 
Pbormio  were  perfectly  natural  i  and  the 
female  characters  happy  and  spirited. 
The  prologue  and  epilogue,  as  the  reader 
will  probably  decide  for  himself,  are  both 
excellent  in  their  kind,  and  were  delivered 
in  a  manner  worthy  of  their  classic  taste 
«nd  humour. 

PROLOGUE  IK  PHORMIONEM,  1JM9. 

Lib«rttiH  Aferim!  n1 

Fnvoris  ultrw  se  f ;>'  ■  <*• 

StJiL'rat  patronos  «*  ^ '  moa 

Ut  priua,  adesae,  uckLuiue  ctai  jodicee. 
Uljertna  iUe  e»l,  qui.  jscente  imtril, 
Adatudta  norat  applicare  libera 


70 


LUerary  and  Scientific  Intelligettce. 


IJ» 


Meutem,  MenAmlri  rultor,  Afer  fiibuUju 
CJnecam  Latiuin  inducus  seriuonibos. 
Kulioi  triumphos  voluit,  et  nullus  velit 
A  Ms  luibere  dr  subartii  AnflU. 
Notf  tdt  Indifl  ultimitaae  Seribus, 
Quid  arma  potmint  nontra,  (^nidjastas  dolor, 
HpreUnque  Adci  merita  poMit  uftio. 
HuflTecIt  Ania  virta ;  non  Uritannicis 
Vaataturarmis  Libya:  nonii^juriaa 
Quenintur  hontcs  barbari.    Servilia 
Rumpunt  llritanni  rincla,  vitamqae  excolit 
Afer  per  artes  lilieralea.    Fabulis 
Fkviatis  uauue  nostriii ;  nanc  fkvebitis 
Appi»Uodori  fkbulie  fiaperstiti. 
Perfldia  foraan,  atque  platquam  Ponica 
INniHit  putarl,  judices,  Terentium 
Uamnare,  tenernmque  histrionem  explodere. 

KPILOOUS  IN  PIIORMIONRM.  1843. 

QBTA.  UIMIPHO. 

Enter  Geta  in  bin  Greek  dreM,— 

Quern  video  ?  iii  fallor,  berum :  proh  Jupiter ! 
at  quam 
MutatUA  cultu  I  quv  nova  vestis  ea  est  ? 

Knter  Demipbo  iu  court  suit.  Geta  continues— 

(>  bere,  quo  tanto  cursu  7    Dem.  Non  est 
mihi  tempus : 
IVrceptis  aveo  ponere  n\ffji%.  novis. 
Qualia  et  llippocratem  vincant,  et  Jephson, 
et  ilium, 
(^ui,  ni  vana  ferant,  ipsa  llrgiea  Ik  vet. 
G.  Nenipv  novam  narras  Meaicam.    8ed  die 
inibi,  quvso. 
Quid  te  (let  7    1).  Bro,  mi  Geta,  Hoxat- 

rATIIKS. 

G.  Quidiiam  illud  monstri?     D.  A  patiendo 
dictus ;  et  est,  qui 
Kffectufl  similes  ipse  dat  et  patitur. 
G.  Kufre!  At  vixdum  intelli^.     Rem  nam 
mibi,  amalw, 
FusiuN.    D.   Id  Faciam:  et,  quo  doceare 
mai^is, 
Kxemplis  utar.  Cedo.  si  Jam  occnrreret  vf^^r, 
Tetiue  rofraret  opem,  quid  facerea?    G. 
Facerem  7 
Sorbenda  est  dosiii  atra:  vomendum  est; 
vena  secanda } 
Mox  pllula  1  et  cert  is  potio  temporibas. 
D.  Sic  Asclepiades  pueros  medicabat  Acbivos ; 
Aut  plebem  igrreiitem  rustica  curat  anus. 
Non  iU  nos :  dedlt,  ecce !  novam  nunc  liab- 
neman  artcm, 
Dux  iUe  et  prlnceps    omnium   Homce- 
opathAm. 
"PhiUyrides  Chiron  Amathaoniusque  Me- 
lampus,** 
Cedite  nunc  omnes.    Ipse  marister  erit. 
G.  Verum  ag^,  si  sit  fas,  indirnom  quamlibet, 
artis 
He  quoque  fkc   socium.     D.   Fiet,  uti 
rogitas. 
Accipe.     Principio,   simiU  uno  in  corpore 
morbos 
Natura  hand  unquam  sustinet  esse  duos. 
**Curatur  similis  simili:*'  penitusque  ne- 
cctise  est, 
Accedentc  novo,  det  prior  iate  locum. 
Sic  flt  ut  id,  morbum  quod  in  cgro  corpore 


In  sano  contra  fflf^nat  ei  simiiem ; 
Atqne  omnis  morbi  medicinasit  indepetenda, 
unde  venit  similis  fons  ct  origo  mali. 
G.  Hoc  teneo :  populus  nam,  **  fur  nirem  capit," 
inquit  : 
Morbus  item  a  morbo  captus,  opinor,abit. 
D.  Turn  nova  tractandi  ratio  hKc.    Non  stran- 
gulat  atro 
Pulvere.  nee  potn  macerat  assiduo. 
Non  Jam  '<  quoque  die  sumendus  ter  quater 
haustus :" 
Hkc  ego  vel "  canibus  projicienda  "  dabo. 


*Xi«BU  Apollo*' 


**QaBBtala  annt 
Tuitnla  tlant 
Pharmaca.    8ic  nobb 
canit. 
Ah !  miseris  viz  inttillanda  est  «i 

Sen  sit  mni  milleaima  pnrticaL. 
Qoanto  cienim  minor  e^  taato  sal 


Pondera,  mole  mit  materia  lp«wii 
G.  At  si  quo  minor  eat,  hoc  fiofftior  eaw  Tideiar, 
(Aride)- 

Id  fortissimnm  erit  deniqae,  Uba«  mOiL 
(To  DemipkoJ— 
Verum  aliis  alia  arrident.  Bat  oniit,  at  atent, 

Omnia  qni  pars  tantnm  ope  auui  aqos. 
Hanc  potant ;  banc  InAudwit ;  Uc  imam' 
rantnr, 
Ommbus  et  semper  frifida  Irmphi  plifit 
Jamqoe  metn  trepidi  piaoei  iMUv  ftrvatw, 
Ne  slocata  sibi  flamina  defldant. 
D.  Lp^phmt4e  hoc  mentia  signun :  **  ct  maai- 
feita  phrenesis." 
iir«   ttvA»r 


Ah! 


"U.U 


Certa  mea  est  medkina.   G.  O  an  dMaa 
salutis  I 
Quam  cuperem  morbi  i 
pati. 
I).  Quin  animo  Jnbeo  eiae  bono? 
omnia  que  vis, 
Et  possunt  fieri,  et,  sis  modotetoa,  cnut. 
[Demipho  takes  flrom  his  pocket  a^aae  of 


homcpopNsthic  medicines,  and  ctvea  Octa  aa 
infinitesimal  doae  of  each  tBlmiica»  as  fU- 
loirs :— ] 
Kn  tibi,  dant  pfathiain  A«ir,  cholenm  kmct 
"  tardam  iiim  podagiam ;" 
Arsenicum  kinc,  si  vis,  mdeaconita  habeas ; 
'*  Suaves  res  "  omnes,  moltom  et,  aaihicnde 
<*salnbres:" 
litre  fkuces  angent ;  dentibos  farfs  dolor. 
Hoc  si  qnisdegustethabebit  ftigonLMwim: 
Sanat  id  insanos,  et  fhclt,  H^eboraa. 
G.  I>esine  in  hoc,  vir  magne,  preoor,  aaaiqvo 
bellebori,  ainnt, 
"  Danda  est  pars  multo  maxima"  Hobobo- 
pathis. 
D.  H»c  sunt  cuncta  tibi  conMdenda,  Mbcadi  | 
quod  inde 
Consequitnr  scribas  ordine  qoidqM  boo: 


Quo  stomachus  tumeat  motn :  aa 
tentet. 

Quid  latus,  aut  renes,  cor,  aqnit,  ant  ocvtos. 
Nam  quo  te  sannm  crucient  plus  phanaaea 
nostra. 
Hoc  plus  inde  Kgri  commoda  pereipteiit. 

[Geta  turns  the  medicines  over  io  his  haad, 
in  dismay.] 
G.  (Atide)-- 
liei  mihi  I  quid  fkciam  7    Nunc  hand  dabie 
pereundum  est, 
Ni  mihi  subveniat  protinns  ipsa  Salos. 
(To  Demipho)^ 

At  nosti  quid  agis?    Nova  dnm  pnecepU 
medendi 
Pangis,  ab  antiqua  et  pergis  abire  vllu 
Prcslia  quanU  moves !    Gelaos  vetat,  atqoe 
Galenus : 
Non  sinit  Hippocrates  jdamnatAristotelos. 
In  te  consuiTunt  omnes,  artemqne  minantnri 
Chimrgi  *' armamovent  :*' cuncta  Apotfaeca 
fremit. 
Ecce  etiam  Procerum  magnns  conventus  ab 
Aul& 
Intonat,  atque  Gradum  denegat  et  Titaloo. 
Agmina  coi\jurant  Medicomm,  ut  bdla  ca- 
pessant 
Inque  omnes  cgros,  atque  in  Homoso- 
pathas. 
D.  Vah  f  nihil  her  terrent :  etenem  compicssa 
quiescent 


18440 


LUeratxf  and  Scwhtific  Intelligence. 


» 


I 


Qojr  ntrras  *' j&ctu  pulverls  rxigtiiJ' 
Inridia  inscqtiJtur  Yirtutcm,  at  semper,  et 
otiit. 
Qtum  te  forti  abimo^  mi  Gets,  f«rre  decet« 
^pememetum  fauist  sola  cxpcricntia  mon< 
strat 
Art  is  <iius  xems,  i[ub  !»it  itiauis  Uofios. 
rTa  the  Attdience^h- 
Sciticet  luec  mtyit  ratio  «c  mciu^.  Q»«rrrr4f 

Hie  doetrinftalimur:  ere  vimD s  lib  stud  iia : 
Secuii  indocti  uuf!  stt  sent^ntia  volf^i, 
Dum  nMtnt  hjec  FoAm  fmlicra  rej*  placrat, 

ETBKO LOGICAL    SOCIETY » 

Abf?.  23.  A  metXlag  waa  held  at  the  re- 
sidence of  Dr.  Hodgkin,  in  Brook-street, 
for  the  purpose  of  innuguratiDg  uti  Ethuo- 
logical  Society*  A  paper,  whicli  displayed 
ft  vast  deal  of  research,  '*  On  the  progress 
iisd  prospects  of  Ethnology,*'  from  the 
pen  of  Dr.  Hodgkin,  waa  read  by  Dr. 
Kiii|.  The  choir  was  taken  by  Rear  Ad> 
miral  Sir  Charles  Malculm  ;  and,  towards 
the  close  of  the  even  if  jg,  by  John  George 
Shaw  Lefevrc,  esq.  The  businesn  of  the 
eyemng  then  commenced,  when  the  fol- 
lowing elections  were  acceded  to  with  the 
iiQAiiimou«  cootient  of  the  meeting  :  — Rear 
Adm.  Sir  Charles  Malcolm^  President  ; 
his  Grace  the  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  the 
Hon,  Mouutatuart  E)phiu$tone»  George 
B.  Greenongh,  esq.,  and  James  Cowles 
Pricbard,  M,D-  Vice-Presidents i  Richard 
King,  M»  D.  Secretary;  Samuel  Duck- 
worth, esq.  Treasurer;  Me«sr«.  J.  A.  St, 
Joho*  Joseph  Legg  Postlethwaite^Willtum 
Aldam,  M/P.,  WilHam  Elphinstoue  Mal- 
colm, Thomas  May,  Walter  K,  Kelly,  and 
Sir  i&cujainin  Brodie,  aod  Dra\  Thomas 
Hodgkin,  W.  Holt  Yate*,  and  Andrew 
Smith,  Members  of  the  CounciL  In  the 
room  were  present  Sir  Jamcst  Clark,  Dr. 
Haatings,  Dr.  Anthony  Todd  Thompson^ 
Signori  Mayer  aod  Brandi»  and  the  tra« 
Tellers  who  have  lately  returned  from 
Abyaatoia,  Mr.  Charles  Johnston  and  Dr. 
Beke,  with  a  native  who  has  accompanied 
tbat  genUeman  during  his  travels.  The 
table  waa  co?ered  with  some  remarkable 
dnwiDfi  of  natifeitt  &c.f  and  the  ipleadid 
work  recently  publij»hed  by  Ackermann,  on 
the  Red  Men  of  America,  by  Prince  Max- 
imilian  of  Wied  i  also  an  excellent  model 
^ a  Malay,  from  the  studio  of  Mr.  Fre- 
derick Archer,  the  sculptor. 


INSTITCTION  OF  CIVIL  BXOINKERS. 

The  Council  of  this  Institution  have 
awarded  the  following  Telford  and  Walker 
premiums  i- — A  Telford  medal  in  silver  to 
Y.  W.  Slmms  for  his  papers  on  the  appli- 
ration  of  Horse-power  to  raising  Water, 
he.  and  on  Brick-making.  A  Telford 
medal  tn  silver  to  W^  Pole,  for  hiii  papers, 
«*n  1?  '  of  Steam  EngineiJi  &c.  and, 

on  1 1  .  and  density  of  Steam.     A 

TeUwru   luciiai  111  sllver  to  T.  Oldham^  for 


n 


his  Description  and  drawings  of  the  Au*J 
tomaton  Balance,  invented  by  Mr.  Cotton,  I 
and  used   at   the   Bank   of  England   for] 
weighing  sovereigns,     A  Telford  premium  ^ 
of  books  to  D.   MackniD,   for  his  paper,, J 
on  the  supply  of  Water  lo  the  City  of  J 
Glasgow,     A  Telford  premium  of  hooki  | 
to  D.  Bremmer,  for  his  Description  and  J 
drawings  of  the  Victoria   Bridge  over  the  \ 
River  Wear.    A  Telford  premium  of  booki ^ 
to  D.  T,  Hope,  for  his  paper,  on  the  re- 
lative merits  of  Granite  and  Wood  Pave-  \ 
mcnts  and  Macadamised  Road^.     A  Wal- 
ker  premium  of  hooks  to  R.   Matlet,  for  ] 
liis  paper,  on  the  coefficient  of  Labouring- 
force  in  Water  Wlieeb,  &c.     A  Walker  J 
preniiom  of  books  to  W.  J.  M.  Rankicc,  | 
for   his   papers  and  drawings^  on  laying  I 
down  Railway -cun'cs,  on  the  Spring-con- 
tractor for  Railway  Carriages,  and  on  the  | 
Causes  of  the  Fracture  of  Railway  Axles,  j 
&c.     A  Walker  |iri'mium  of  books  to  Wm. 
Lewi^   Baker,    for    bis    Description    and  | 
Drawings  of  the  Water  Pressure  Engine, 
at  the  A  Itc  Mtlrdgrube  Mine  (  Fr ey berg ) ,    A  ! 
Walker  premium  of  bocks  to  S.  C.  Homer- 
sham,  for  lib  paper  aud  drawings,  on  the 
constfuctiuu  of  Valves  for  Pumps,  &c.     A 
Walker  premium  of  books  to  J.  O.  York, 
for  his  paper,  on  the  comparative  strength 
of  Solid  and   Hollow   .\xles-     A  Walker  , 
premium  of  books  to  G*  D«  Bishopp,  for 
liis   Description  of  the  American  Loco- 
motive Engine  "  Philadelphia,'*   used  on 
the  Birmingham  aud  Gloucester  Railway, 
A  Walker  premium  of  books  to  G.  B.  W* 
Jackson,  for  the  drawings  illustrating  the 
description   of  Machines  for  raising  and 
lowering  Miners,  by  John  Taylor. 


ttOYAL    INSTITUTION    AT    LtVERPOOl.. 

At  the  ItiCe  annual  distribution  of  prizes 
to  tlie  jmpils  of  this  Institution,  Dr. 
Freckleman,  the  Chairman,  read  a  letter, 
signed  on  behalf  of  several  students  at  the 
Universities  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge, 
formerly  pupils  at  the  Institution,  an* 
nounciug  that  they  had  subscribed,  among 
themselves,  a  sum  of  money,  which  they 
were  ready  to  place  at  the  disposal  of  the 
Committee,  to  aid  them  in  founding  an 
exhibition  or  scholarship  for  the  boys  of 
the  school ;  and  that  thi^  sum  (whicli  now 
amounted  to  200/,)  they  hoped  would 
serve  as  the  nucleus  of  a  larger  sum, 
which  the  friends  and  patrons  of  the  In- 
stitution would  subscribe,  to  carry  out  the 
object  proposed. 

THIi    CilABTEil    MOUSK. 

We  arc  lia]ipy  to  fmd  that  the  branch 
of  thisi  noble  institution  which  provides 
for  the  refiidenee  and  support  of  Poor 
Brcthreu,  is  oow  likely  to  benppioprjikteJ, 
under  the  higlie?it  auspicest  iirinc jpally  to 


72 


^*»^^  «^  Aawwfc 


the  reHefpf .,»_.,_-,. 
Her  M^eKr.  i,j[Uw  ~_  •.,    ■ 

*«?«•«.  ud  aittT  orlrfT  ^:ra  .  i^-  _y . 
MoocnHr.tbedniMiittEd.:r.  XL-  ."  vw* 

wn^erjaence  of  hii  fcmiji«   u  i  Da. 
»«»t*'',  Mr.  JohD  DvtIk,  irt-^  -/  ys,. 

l7Vr-9.  WM  tppr/rrt^f   i  i  ,  -;^i,^  .   ^.^ 
<«"^.    yt  t  rw^  '/  •/.   fr;«  rart  a.:Tii 


^JT  livr : 


4r    ;^ij«^:4 


■-Me.-      ii, 

.MiuuiKRiaie  : 
aixacaL    wr-  j 

.-JinD.i«r..ia  liife,  i-^^ 
:ae  :aun  i«ii»ik  ,1-^,.  ^^^ 

anwn^  .iwrirr.     run  Jr-  -^     -  *• 
2  »**?  ^^'^•t  a  uwfiteraiiii 

•i«««T  *>?r-d  Tie  »fcB„  o/joi:'^  ■ 

in  *: ::rta5  "ie  .^:ai>:socB*  «. 


■7       ''^■.4»*- 


VI*.-        K.W'.'.t  ■■'•*.  '/■/■.€»  - 

MM«««  f'»'  fVi'  ''..**^  ',7  'r.*  ■>fe/r.^  '•■'iT- 
|^/t«y  •  r/.*«t  f',*  f',T  i%\t.f\  ',1  •!-.!»  «4fn#: 
'//»r.;.'ft*'  ,    *    fr.»t»    f'/f   •r.f**-    •»'>./;*•   -,t 

|K»««-r    fi««i*'l    Ut^tiUfi*     'kir.hArd,     f>n. 


All    .... ., 

Urrvnl  f,rtwr»ri  I  fft'f  *nd  I  l^j.  The«<* 
inuKm  <  .ir<-  f'illoivrfj  f/jr  Oip  mot^f.  '•  ^>rWii 
t#-fi.iriiffi  ■'  t',r  ii,nr  roi*.*:^,  hy  BuRnoi^  ; 
•  "  .\ri(<iiift»«». "  for  fhffft  irokr*  ;  fhij 
fflifi'Mit  (  hi inf  ttum  t  li«nt  for  four  ;  «notli«;r 
"  Mii|{iHfif «(  "  (or  four;  tUr  fnotrt*  *'  A»l 
crrfmrri  fi|{iii  |irr»iriiji  "  fur  ihrrr  ;  "  Ariirn- 
mtm  I1..U.  fii,i«  r»f  "  for  thrri- ;  "  Victirns 
PMi'»i-l»  Imi.l. .,"  for  four;  "  Kegin*  c«li 


frr^z  -B^J^n  of  :h*  Coua?  de'S^rKST 
,poo  •  M-Ti.:«a  lad  ATercaa  A«k»i: 
rj^ ,  •  I?  iMcn^fs  the  w.>ad*rf4l  «oa«. 
m«o«  *"  vchiterture  which  Mtion,,  kN^ 
iinc«  'sstiE':-.  IitTe  left  behinJ  thcnjC 
•ho«!i«  r«r»M— ^ne  rem&ias  of  Xochnlco. 
Mitla-  P»:*nca.  Ac.  ic.  :  !iad  if  enricM 
wjrh  *o  4006.^ uire  of  larve  ind  bcwiii. 
filly  coloar*.!  plites. 

Ptfh^r  G.  Morell  hu  published  aa 
ae«:oQnt  of  the  library  of  the  ConTeat  of 
Eitidlen.  which  was  founded  ia  the  16th 
century.  It  contains  seTermi  thoannd 
volamea.  amonf  which  are  1,300  works 

frinted  between  the  years  1460  and  1500. 
t  alfo  posflesies  4,00(j  Roman  medals  and 
jfXi  Greek,  besides  many  modern  onet. 
The  archives  of  the  Abbey  are  said  to  be 
in  a  good  state  of  preservation .  and  pre. 
tent  a  faTooraUe  contratt  to  the  general 


itate  Ktf  the  monastic  establlBhiDeiiCi  in 
Siriticrliiud. 

The  Mioistcr  of  Public  iDatmciton  has 
tueceeded,  nftjr  con«iderabte  oppoisitiotir 
on  the  groaiiil  of  the  expense,  in  obt&in> 
infir  from  the  Chamber  of  Deputies  a  vote 
tv)      '  ,)val  of  the  Biblioth^que  de 

>  rr#,  at  Vwn&t  from  the  iiae, 

bu. .,  gallery  which  it  occupied  over 

th«  College  Henri  IV.,  to  ft  new  building 
to  be  erected  far  its  reception.  The  sum 
driuAoded  was  1,820,000  francs. 

A  letter  from  St.  Petersburg  states  that 
M.  AUiert  profesaor  of  the  untvcr^iity  of 
that  city,  has  JQSt  discovered  iu  the  imp«. 
rial  library  341  autograph  letters  of  Betiry 
IV.  of  FrsQce,  hitherto  unknowD.  He 
im mediately  imparted  his  discovery  to  a 
commission  at  Paris  specially  occupied  in 
collecting  the  letters  of  tbat  lovereign. 

A  letter  from  Rome  states  that  a  curious 
autograph  of  Napoleon  was  discovered  a 
few  days  ago  at  Perugia.  It  is  an  order 
for  the  army  and  a  bill  of  exchange  for 
j?,CXK),0O0f.,  addressed  to  General  Maj- 
Hiis  autograph  was  detected  in  a 
franc  piece,  which  had  been  given  in 
kcnt  to  an  individual,  who  thinking  it 
runtcrfeit  piece,  had  it  broken. 

M.  Susao,  of  Deventer,  has  recently 
|}rtnted  in  Holland,  what  is  a  great  novelty, 
an  edition  of  Macbeth  in  Enghsht  with 
note«  in  Dutch,  for  the  use  of  tlie  studeniet 
of  Shaksperc.  It  is,  we  believe i  the  first 
timQ  any  play  of  Shaksperc  has  ap- 
peal^ in  print  from  a  Dntch  press,  whe- 
ther in  the  language  of  that  country  or  in 
bis  own. 

A  recent  trial  at  Rome  has  convicted 
the  Count  Mariano  Alberti  of  wholesale 
forgery  of  works  which  he  had  professed 
to  discover  and  publish  as  Tosso's.  Some 
small  portion  of  these  works,  which  ia 
eonsidmd  to  be  genuine,  he  had  inter. 
larded  with  tho  rest,  to  leaven  the  mais 
and  gtf«  it  the  greater  air  of  aothcnticity. 
In  his  lodgings  were  found  an  immense 
collection  of  writing-tools  Jnks  of  different 
klads  and  tints,  old  copybooks,  blank 
torn  out  of  old  books,  and  innume- 
eierdsea  io  imitation  of  the  hand- 


writing  of  more  than  fifty  eminent  indi- 
viduals of  Tasso^s  time. 

The  results  of  the  last  journey  made  by 
the  celebrated  archieologisf,  Karl  Ottfried 
MiiMer,  are  in  the  course  of  publication  at 
Frankfort-ou-the  Maine,  The  first  Part, 
which  U  already  published,  contains  'The 
An tit|uurian  Collections  of  Athens;*  the 
second  will  comprise  in  it  the  architecturp 
and  sculpture  of  that  city;  and  tliP  third 
will  contain  an  account  of  the  author^ a 
traveb  in  the  Morea  and  Rumelia. 

Morttz  Retzsch  has  just  issued  another 
serieif  of  illustrations,  having  for  their  sub- 
ject *  The  Merry  Wivrs  of  Windsor/  They 
are,  however,  inferior  to  his  former  works . 
The  Falstatf  is  a  mistake  from  beginning 
to  end,  being  rather  the  hopeless  sot  than 
the  witty  profligate.  There  are  many 
graceful  figures,  especially  in  the  scene 
with  Heme  the  hujjter,  but  we  have  seen 
them  all  before  in  Mr.  Ret ttich*s  previous 
Otitlinca. 

A  work  is  about  to  appear  on  the 
Egyptian  Museum  at  Rome.  The  execu- 
tion of  the  plates  has  been  intrusted  to 
the  architectural  engrnver  Troiani,  to 
whom  a  sum  of  8,000  scudi  has  been 
allowed  for  the  purpose.  The  letter- 
press will  be  from  the  pen  of  the  Bar- 
nabite,  I**  Utigarelli. 

The  Italian  architect  Canina  has  just 
published  a  work  on  the  cooBtruction  of 
the  most  ancient  Christian  church ea, 
which  is  very  highly  spoken  of.  It 
contains  57  engravings  on  copper,  and 
147  folio  pages  of  letter-press. 

Dr.  8ckreiber,  Professor  at  Freiburg, 
in  the  grand  duchy  of  Baden,  an 
antiquary  of  high  repute  in  Germany,  has 
published  a  pamphlet  on  the  well-known 
Mosaic  discovered  at  Pompeii,  which  has 
hitherto  passed  for  one  of  Alexander^i 
battles  with  Darius«  The  author  of  this 
little  treatise,  after  detailing  the  eveuta 
connected  with  the  discovery,  canvatses 
and  rejects  the  opinion  that  it  represents 
one  of  the  battles  of  AleiLander,  and  at-^ 
tempts  to  prove  it  to  be  a  repreaentation 
of  a  victory  won  by  Marcellus,  nt  Clai< 
tidium,  over  the  Gauls. 


FINE  ARTS. 


xnw  SCHOOL  or  oksion* 

the  School  of  Design  has  been 

curing  the  last  six  years,  com- 

tlj  few  persons  are  aware  of  the 

the   arrangements,   and  the    ad- 

i  of  tbat  interesting  nationsl  cstab- 

lishseolU 

Th«  Schools  of  Design  (for  there  are 
;   OiMT.  Mao*  Vol.  XXI. 


two  distinct  schools,  one  for  males  and 
the  other  for  females,)  occupy  several  of 
the  rooms  formerly  allotted  to  the  Royal 
Academy  exhibitions  in  Somerset  House. 
Tlie  old  Council  Room  is  formed  into  a 
museum  ;  and  among  its  object »  of  art  are 
specimens  of  fresco  painting,  to  which  the 
attention  of  several  of  the  students  is  now 
L 


74 


FbuArtt. 


tJn. 


beio;  directed,  and  three  exquisite  pleeee 
of  encaostic  work,  brought  by  the  director 
from  Munieh.  Here  also  are  copies  of 
the  fretco  arabesques,  from  the  Loggie  di 
RaffMlo,  in  the  Vatican.  They  are  ex- 
ecuted in  distemper  on  cuTass  screens^ 
and,  haTing  each  four  sides,  form  an  en- 
casement to  each  of  the  eight  pillars  hj 
which  the  roof  of  this  room  is  supported. 
They  are  of  the  sise  of  the  celebruted 
originals,  in  excellent  preserration,  and 
are  said  to  be  the  best,  if  not  the  only, 
copies  extant.  The  sum  of  510/.  was  paid 
fbr  them  at  one  of  Mr.  Christie's  sales. 
This  room  is  about  to  be  enriched  with 
numerous  specimens  of  ornamental  art  from 
France  and  Germany,  including  the  most 
beautiful  examples  that  can  be  obtained  of 
stained  glass,  carving,  modelling,  metal, 
silk,  cotton,  porcelain,  and  paper-hanging. 
The  large  room,  a  noble  and  spacious 
apartment,  is  appropriated  to  elementary 
drawing  and  modelling.  The  lower  part 
is  furnished  with  large  tables  and  the 
Tarions  drawing  and  modelling  apparatus 
of  the  students,  while  the  walls  are  well 
covered  with  plaster  casts  from  valuable 
originals  of  various  ages.  11  ere  are  some 
recently  executed  pieces  of  fresco,  which, 
considering  that  they  are  not  the  work  of 
professed  artists,  but  of  ornamentists,  are 
highly  creditable  and  promising.  Surround- 
ing this  room  is  a  gallery,  the  front  of 
which  is  furnished  with  copies  of  the 
celebrated  Scriptural  subjects,  known  as 
Raifaele's  Bible.  The  gallery  it«elf  is 
enriched  with  a  valuable  collection  of  casts, 
upwards  of  HCH)  in  number,  exhibiting  in 
enronological  order  the  various  styles  of 
ornament  used  in  the  Greek,  Roman, 
Byxantine,  Gothic,  and  Renaissance  agee 
of  art.  These  valuable  casts  have  been 
obtained  chiefly  from  Paris.  In  this  room 
Is  also  a  lending  library  of  works  on  de- 
corative art  and  its  history,  from  which 
the  students  obtain  books  for  a  trifling  sum. 
The  figure  room  is  an  apartment  con- 
taining easts  of  Theseus,  Ilysnus,  a  few  of 
the  Elgin  marbles,  the  Apollo  Belvidere, 
Venus  of  Milo,  the  Fighting  Gladiator, 
Apollo  of  the  Tribune,  together  with  a 
fine  collection  of  has  reliefn,  of  busts, 
hands,  feet,  «cc.  Two  caKtu  of  knockers, 
lately  brought  from  Venice,  are  exquisite, 
too  beautiful,  we  fear,  for  imitation  in  a 
country  where  gentlemen  do  not  think 
it  beneath  their  dignity  to  wrench  articles 
of  that  description  from  their  neighbours* 
doors.  Among  the  contents  of  thirt  room 
are  several  very  beautiful  Gothic  statues, 
and  »ouie  particularly  interesting  lipeci- 
mens  of  Italian-Gothic  from  Venice, 
together  with  a  number  of  arehiteetural 
casts,  in  which  figures  are  combined  with 
ornaments  of  various  periods.    There  are 


also  cftstf  of  lome  magiimoeiit  i  _ 
as  capitals  of  the  colnmna  of  the  1 
of  Mars,  Ultor,  and  the  Fantheon.  ~A 
skeleton  and  a  valuable  coloured  uiaComledl 
figure  are  in  this  eolleetion.  The  chn  Ibr 
figures  if  superintended  by  J.  Hethertt 
esq.  A.R.A. 

The  school  is  readily  aeeetalble  on  Oe 
payment  of  very  small  fees  for  admfwkm. 
It  is  open  both  morning  and  eTening  every 
dny,  except  Saturday,  Sunday,  and  certidii 
intervals  of  vacation.  The  nambert  et 
present  enjoying  the  advantage  of  the 
school  are  about  200  in  the  male,  and  40 
in  the  female  branch,  which  nnmbera  here 
generally  been  in  attendance  since  the 
school  was  opened.  The  male  department 
is  under  the  direction  of  C.  H.  Wiiaon, 
esq.  A.R.  S.A.  who  exercisei  a  general 
superintendence  and  control  in  ererj  mat- 
ter relative  to  the  duties  of  all  who  are 
engaged  in  giving  instruction  in  the 
schools,  and  under  whose  able  goidanee 
the  institution  promises  to  secure  all  the 
ends  for  which  it  has  been  established. 
The  female  school  is  under  the  tuition  of 
Mrs.  M'lan,  the  progress  of  whose  popUa 
is  most  satisfactory.  A  class  for  wood- 
engraving  has  been  lately  established  ander 
Miss  Waterhouse. 

A  branch  school  of  design  hu  beta 
opened  in  Spitalfields,  for  the  adTantage 
of  the  silk -weavers  and  carvers,  who,  mm 
well  as  the  weavers,  are  very  numerons  In 
that  neighbourhood  ;  more  than  200  attend 
this  school,  to  which  they  are  admitted  on 
the  payment  of  Gd.  a  week,  and  respecting 
whom  the  most  satisfactory  progress  ia 
reported.  Branch  schools  are  extending 
gradually  over  the  country,  and  are  now 
formed  at  York,  Nottingham,  Manchestert 
Sheffield,  and  Birmingham.  In  these 
towns  the  instructions  are  varied,  so  as 
to  benefit  the  particular  art  for  which  the 
locality  is  distinguished. 


IMSTITUTK    OF  THE    FIXE    AETS. 

A  meeting  was  held  at  the  Freemasons' 
Tavern,  on  the  3d  of  June,  for  the  purpose 
of  forming  an  association,  calculatea  to 
facilitate  a  general  intercourse  of  the  pro- 
fcKsors  and  friends  of  art,  in  a  house  to 
be  provided  as  soon  as  the  funds  will 
allow.  It  is  intended  **  that  the  Institute 
shall  be  essentially  an  independent  and 
deliberative  body,  and  shall  not  originate 
or  connect  itself  with  any  exhibition  or 
school  of  instruction  in  art.**  The 
members  are  to  pay  an  annual  subscrip- 
tion of  one  guinea,  the  affairs  to  be  di- 
rect c»l  by  a  committee  of  twelve,  six  general 
meetings  tu  be  held  annually,  and  a 
journal  of  transactions  published. 

The  Society  may  now  be  considered  as 
established,  and  it  ahready  numbers  be- 


1844.] 


jirchiteciure. 


7b 


twecQ  iOO  aad  300  oaembflri.  The  iirat 
meeUDf  for  the  aeuon  waa  held  on  the 
\S\h  Dec,  in  the  rooms  of  the  Society  of 
Arti.  Lelterti  were  read  from  Lord 
Francis  Egertoa  and  Sir  John  C.  Swin- 
burne.  Bart.,  accepting  the  iovitatioD  of 
the  CottQdl  to  become  Vice*  Preside  nil. 
A  paper  wu  read  bj  Mr.  Park,  sculptor, 
on  the  propriety  of  petltioiiin|^  the  legis- 
lature to  eatahlisk  a  "  Hall  of  Sculpture/' 
to  cootain  '*  ca^tafrom  all  the  ^eat  works 
of  antiquity/*  to  be  open  during  the  day 
to  the  public,  im  the  evening  to  artiati 
omly^  properly  lighted  for  atuiiy. — Aoother 
p^er,  on  the  »ubject  of  framet  for  move- 


able frescoea,  was  read  by  Mr.  Boas, 
showings  by  means  of  dla^ams,  bow  to 
provide  against  the  chaDeee  of  the  In- 
tooaco  cracking,  or  chipping  olF,  which* 
he  said^  was  to  be  feared  from  the  aixe 
required  by  the  Royal  CommiBsion  in  the 
uext  competitioQ. — Refioliitioa«  were  then 
passed^  of  thaoks  to  the  Royal  Commisaion 
for  its  efforts  to  advance  historic  art^  and 
expressive  of  the  approbation  of  the  meet- 
ing:  at  the  ^*  appointment  of  two  artists  of 
distinguished  professional  rank^  to  the 
oMoes  of  Keeper  of  the  Nation al  Gallery, 
and  Conserrator  of  the  Pictures  in  thf 
Royal  Paiacei." 


ARCHITECTURE. 


rnVTB  Of  BHITISB  ARCHTTROTB. 

Aw.  4.  W.  rite.  esa.  F.R.S,  V.P, 
The  chairman  opened  the  proceedings  of 
tke  seasion  by  making  some  observations 
m  explaoatioD  of  what  he  had  stated  at 
th«  conctuding  meeting  of  Che  last  session. 
He  alloded  to  what  he  had  said  as  to  the 
effect  of  the  Rowing  tendency  to  introduce 
Gothic  Ut^hitecture.  What  he  intended 
to  afirm  was*  that  it  was  not  the  duty  of 
the  architect  to  make  a  servile  copy  from 
th«  works  of  the  andenta,  but  to  avail 
himtelf  of  them  only  as  exemplificatioos 
of  the  great  principles  which  would  re- 
q^n-  •''•^Hoo  for  modern  edtftces.  In 
all  jis    subject  he  pointed  out 

th.  vru  of  atudytng  the  remains  of 

the  domeetic  architecture  of  the  time  of 
Edward  HL  as  useful  studies  in  the 
present  day.  So  far  from  disapproving 
of  the  legitimate  study  of  Gothic  archi* 
lecture,  he  r— -  •  i-»'<  *hc  members 
00  the  num  i>  of  ancient 

moQumcntfi  II  h  were  daify 

aasuming  ail  tUctr  ancient  beauty.  All 
he  had  wished  to  do  waa  to  caution  junior 
memheri  against  the  exclusive  study  of 
that  style,  and  the  neglect  of  the  classic 
raoouments  of  Greece  and  Italy,  which 
he  considered  to  offer  more  suitable  types 
for  domestic  edifices,  and  he  reminded 
them  of  the  eaeeUeot  examples  set  them 
in  this  respect  by  Inigo  Jones  and  Wren« 
lie  thrn  proceeded  to  give  some  ac* 
count  tit  his  tour  into  Germany  doriog 
the  Ia«<t  feummer,  when  he  had  an  oppor> 
tuoity  of  viewing  the  Walhalla  in  Ba- 
varia. He  sUted  that  the  building  was 
well  studied,  its  situation  admirable,  and 
the  blending  of  architecture^  sculpture, 
and  painting  exquisite,  while  the  colour- 
iQf  is  not  so  elaborate  or  so  glaring  as  to 
m^e  the  contraat  too  great.  In  passing 
tlutragh  the  town  of  Ulm  in  Wirteuiburgh 
be  imt/fA  tbe  oathedral,  which  he  de- 
li %  T«ry  fine  building,  and  welt 


deserving  the  inspection  of  architecta 
who  may  be  travelling  in  Germ  any.  Al* 
though  It  ia  a  Lutlieran  church,  there  are 
aereral  objects  well  deserving  of  notice. 
It  has  four  aisles,  with  arches  supporting 
a  clerestory.  The  wood  earring  in  the 
choir  is  extremely  good.  There  ia  also 
a  fine  specimen  of  architecture,  the  taber^ 
oacle  for  the  host,  which  is  on  the  north 
side  of  the  choir.  In  the  new  public 
edifices  of  Munich  he  considered  colouring 
waa  carried  too  far,  the  effect  of  colouring 
in  external  decoration  not  being  good. 

Profcsaor  Donaldsoo  read  a  paper  de< 
scribing  thirteen  models  of  churches  kept 
in  Heury  V/s  Chantry  at  Westminster 
Abbey.  They  were  designs  submitted  to 
the  Commissioners  appointejd  in  the  reign 
of  Queen  Anne  for  the  building  of  forty 
churches  in  the  metropolis ;  but  only  three 
out  of  the  thirteen  models  had  been 
erected,  via.  the  New  Church,  Strand, 
Greenwich  Church,  and  St.  James's, 
Westminster  ;  the  others  were  designs  of 
a  high  class »  and  he  considered  it  a  great 
loss  to  the  architectural  character  of  the 
metropolis  that  they  were  oever  carried 
into  effect.  The  models  are  well  executed 
and  in  good  preservation,  aod  it  is  to  be 
reg^retted  that  they  arc  not  opened  to 
public  inspection. 

Profe&sor  Donaldson  also  made  some 
observations  on  the  application  of  fresco 
by  the  old  Italian  masters  to  the  exterior 
of  buildioga  for  decoratioa,  and  exhibited 
an  origin^  drawing  by  Poltidori  io  illus- 
tradoQ,  He  then  read  a  letter  from  Mr, 
Crace,  of  Wigm  ore -street,  giving  some 
account  of  the  freacoea  which  had  fallen 
under  his  notice  during  a  recent  tour  in 
Germany  and  the  north  of  Italy.  Mr. 
Crace  observes,  •'  that  in  Italy,  Switxer- 
knd,  and  the  south  of  Germaoy,  the 
paintings  in  freaco  are  so  general,  that 
there  is  scarcely  a  town  in  which,  both  in 
the  exterior  and  in  the  interior  of  the 
houses,  some  are  not  to  be  met  with.    In 


ArckUectnie, 


[JaD. 


Italy  this  kiad  of  decoration  is  the  most 
frequent ;  /Acre,  in  many  cases,  the  ar- 
chitectural effects  seem  to  have  been 
arfftnged  with  the  riew  of  being  afterwards 
aided  by  painting;  the  enrichments  of 
the  monldlings  and  the  ornaments  being 
giten  in  chiaro  oacnro.  In  other  cases, 
again,  the  whole  surface  of  the  wall  is 
covered  with  historical  or  allegorical  and 
ornamental  painting.  My  principal  object 
in  traTclling  was,  firstly,  to  learn  the  pro- 
cesses employed  in  fresco  and  encaustic 
painting ;  secondly,  to  form  an  opinion 
as  to  tne  effects  produced ;  and  thirdly, 
to  judge  how  far  those  effects  would  sur- 
pass painting  in  oil  in  appearance  and 
durability.  For  the  two  first  reasons  it 
was,  therefore,  the  modern  specimens  of 
the  art  to  which  my  attention  was  prind- 
pally  directed.  At  the  Royal  Palace  at 
Venice  I  noticed  decorations  lately  exe- 
cuted in  firesco;  bat  it  was  at  Munich 
that  I  saw  the  art  most  extensively  em- 
ployed. In  this  city  it  is  to  be  met  with 
m  erery  modem  public  building.  In  the 
church  of  St.  Louis  is  the  grand  picture 
of  the  Last  Judgment  by  Cornelius,  and 
other  frescoes  of  considerable  merit  by  his 
pupils.  In  the  All  Saints*  Chapel  are 
some  beautiful  paintings  by  Hess  and  his 
pupUs,  on  a  gold  ground.  At  the  basilica 
of  St.  Bonifkcius,  so  splendidly  decorated, 
Hess  and  others  are  employed  at  this  time 
on  a  series  of  grand  paintings;  at  the 
Glyptothek  are  the  frescoes  of  Cornelius ; 
at  the  Pynacothek,  those  by  Zimmerman 
and  others  ;  and  at  the  two  royal  palaces, 
each  room  is  adorned  by  some  artist  of 
excellence,  either  in  fresco  or  encaustic. 
In  addition  to  these  interiors,  there  are 
examples  of  exterior  decorations  at  the 
Hof  Garden,  the  fafade  of  the  Post  Office, 
and  the  Theatre.  The  effects  prodaoed 
surpass  painting  in  oil  in  solidity  and 
clearness  ;  bat,  owing  to  the  limiution  of 
colours  employed,  there  always  appeared 
to  me  a  certain  yellow-brown  dry  effect, 
*nd  a  want  of  the  richness  of  paintings 
in  oil."  ^        * 

Alter  the  reading  of  Mr.  Crace's  paper 
wme  observations  were  made  by  the  Vice- 
J^sidcnt  and  other  members  on  the  effect 
-L  7*^^V  ^^  «nccdote  was  related  re- 
specting Cornelius,  that,  when  the  King 
or  Bavana  was  viewing  his  famous  fresco 
rvl  |.  ^*?*  J^^Jgnacnt,  he  observed  to 
Coraehus  thatit  appeared  as  if  it  were  three 
untunes  old;  Cornelius  replied,  "That 

.tri!i;^w*.  '  ''•'*'^"  It  was  also  oh- 
■ervcd  that  it  was  surprising  what  a  golden 
!uf  T".  P~«!"ced  by  simple  colours, 
^though  done  m  dry  and  unshining  ma- 
J«naii.  In  Munich  the  bricks  are  weU 
^rnt  notwithstanding  they  are  absorbent ; 
*"«  Mmc  it  yery  good,  and  a  large  quantity 


of  it  is  used  in  proportion  to  sand.  The 
bricks  are  laid  with  open  joints ;  the  plas- 
tering is  first  laid  on  with  a  hand -float, 
afterwards  the  fine  coat  to  take  the  fresco 
is  laid  on  by  the  plasterer,  who  comes 
the  first  thing  in  the  morning,  and  puts 
on  just  sufficient  for  the  artist  to  worlr 
upon  during  the  same  day,  and  which  this 
latter  must  finish  before  it  is  dry.  The 
difficulty  in  England  will  be  to  get  rid 
of  the  efflorescence  of  saltpetre,  which 
can  be  removed  by  repeated  washing. 
The  frescoes  by  Aglio  in  Moorfields  Chapel 
appear  to  have  failed  on  this  account. 

Mr.  Arthur  Johnson  was  presented 
with  a  prise  consisting  of  the  first  volume 
of  the  Transactions  of  the  Institute  for 
the  best  sketches  sent  in  by  the  pupils 
daring  the  last  session. 

Abv.  80.    Mr.  Tite  in  the  Chair. 

A  highly  interesting  and  practical  paper 
on  Timber  and  Deals  by  Greorge  Bailey, 
esq.  Hon.  Sec.  was  read,  and  has  since 
been  published  at  length  in  "  The  Civil 
Engineer  and  Architect's  Journal." 

Dee.  4.    Mr.  Tite  in  the  chair. 

A  paper  was  read  **  On  the  Foundatious 
of  the  late  Church  of  St.  Bartholomew, 
by  the  Exchange,"  by  C.  R.  Cockerell, 
esq.  showing  the  rude  but  efficient  mode 
of  construction  adopted  by  our  forefathers, 
and  the  masterly  judgment  and  skill  with 
which  Sir  C.  Wren  availed  himself  of  the 
existing  anciont  foundations  in  his  new 
structure  alter  the  fire.  The  piers  in  the 
east  wall,  as  well  as  those  under  the 
pillars  of  the  nave,  were  raised  upon  a 
mass  of  well  made  concrete,  formed  of 
chalk,  broken  tiles,  and  stone,  p^bles, 
and  lime,  cast  about  a  foot  deep  into  the 
stratum  of  sound  gravel.  Where  arches 
were  required,  as  in  the  east  and  nortii 
wall,  the  natural  soil  was  left  undisturbed, 
and  formed  into  a  rude  centering  from 
pier  to  pier  on  which  the  voussoirs  of  the 
arches  in  chalk  were  at  once  placed. 
From  the  springing  of  the  piers,  the 
masonry  was  of  a  superior  kind,  the  centre, 
however,  being  filled  in  with  concrete— 
the  side  walls  of  the  church  were  of  a 
better  masonry  with  upright  foces.  The 
tower  was  built  of  flint  and  chalk,  with 
walls  of  the  thickness  necessary  to  resist 
the  action  of  the  beUs. 

Mr.  T.  W.  Papworth  exhibited  a  volume 
containing  a  collection  of  decorations  for 
a  chapel  in  the  cathedral  at  Lisbon,  made 
at  Rome  in  1755.  It  appears  from  these 
drawings    that    the    architect    sent  his 

general  designs  to  Rome,  and  that  the 
etails  were  there  filled  up  by  the  most 
eminent  decorative  artists.  The  name  of 
Pompeio  Battoni,  who  was  to  supply  some 
painting  of  the  higher  class,  occun  among 
the  number.    There  are  designs  for  th^ 


18440 


ArchiUclUTt, 


pmvirmeoU,  rft}ling»,  tiiuigiii£($r  and  every 
dC9cri|)tion  of  decomtton  »nrl  furaiture  to 
Ijpdcc  lUc  work  complete.  The  artistical 
^oOwledge  displayed  in  these  drawing! 
throiigfaout  the  variety  of  operations 
occeasiiry  to  carry  out  a  work  of  this  kind, 
aod  the  unity  of  purpose  with  which  it  is 
broQgUt  together  and  applied,  is  the 
principal  delicieney  in  our  modern  sy&trm 
of  arcliltcctnre. 


PAITATS  CHAPEL  AT  WINRWOR, 

Dtc,  19.  The  ceremony  of  con5e- 
cmtiDg  the  Queen's  new  Private  Chapel, 
bt  Windsor  Castle,  was  performed  by  the 
Bishop  of  Oxford,  iti  the  presieoce  of  her 
Majesty,  hii  Royal  Ilighness  Prince  Al- 
bert, the  Dnchetk  of  Kent,  and  mnny 
members  of  the  roynl  household.  The 
ap«r1bxieiiit  which  has  been  appropriated 
for  the  purpose  adjoini  St.  George's  Hall, 
and  was  used  occasionally  for  a  e  Imp  el  in 
tbe  reignf  of  George  IV.  and  William  IV. 
The  ceiliog,  which  \a  flat,  is  filled  in  with 
Gothic  moulded  ribs  and  points,  and  re- 
maiuA  in  tbe  state  in  which  it  was  left  by  Sir 
Jeflfry  Wyatville,  The  extent  of  the  chapel 
is  about  40  feet  from  north  to  south,  and 
■  :{0  feet  from  eatft  to  west.  Her  Majesty's 
clcM^t  is  at  Ihe  south- west  angle,  and  op- 
posite to  the  puTpit;  it  is  approached 
from  the  corridor  aud  private  ajmrttnent^ 
tbrongh  the  vestibule  at  the  top  of  ihe 
Tuitor;}*  stair-case,  nnd  is  placed  at  an 
elevation  of  ten  feet  from  the  floor.  At 
tbe  back  of  this  apartment  is  n  large 
slMDed-gliiaa  Gothic  wiodow,  which  re- 
t^eivea  light  from  an  outer  window,  and 
t*a»  a  pjeafiing  and  subdued  effect.  In 
iKc  upper  centre  compartment  arc  the 
red  and  white  rose*,  with  the  shararock 
■  and  thistle.  On  either  side  are  the  arms 
ll  of  her  Majesty  and  Prince  Albert.  The 
Bj^npcr  portion  of  the  window  is  divided 
^^^■^  ^\%hi  compartments,  with  the  rose, 
^^^Bmrock,  and  thistle,  in  lozenge  divisions 
of  e»cb,  of  orange  and  straw- coloured 
gksi.  On  thia  window  is  also  emblazoned 
tlie  garter  aud  tbe  motto  of  the  order. 
Tlw  roof  IK  beautifally  grained  to  cor. 
PKp — ,.1  »Mi»i,  ^}^f  ceiHng  over  the  entrance 
to  The  royal  clo*ct  is  abont 

les    r  jud  13  feet  in  width,  is  fur- 

»uiahc<i  Willi  tbree  elbow  chair».  and  six 
or  right  smaller  chairs.  In  tbe  centre  of 
tbe  chapelt  suspended  from  the  ceiling, 
tj  a  masaive  Gothic  gilt  chandelier  for 
d^bt  lights,  of  exquisite  workmanship. 
Tbe  pulpit  is  of  wainscot  nok,  richly 
earred  jo  Gothic,  with  an  octagonal  hose 
and  tap.  Tbe  lower  portion  consists  of 
1iJ^n^  biittre«tea  and  carved  pinnacles ; 
tbe  rt,  springing  from  the  pe- 

dc>  IS  fan  tracery,  divided  into 

C%i«i  f^»ju*ix  wompartments.     At  tbe  ba;SC 


k. 


and  upper  iKirtion  of  *lie  pulpit  is>  a  cai  ved 
cornice,  and  at  each  angle  of  the  lower 
cornice  are  figures  of  satnts,  ^c.  The 
reading'dcik  is  of  similar  workmanship 
and  design,  and  the  communion-table  is 
of  carved  wainscot.  The  windows  at  the 
back  of  the  communion-table,  and  also 
on  cither  side,  are  of  stained  glass  of  a 
dark  orange  colour.  Thtfre  are  seven 
pews  oti  tbe  floor  of  the  chapel^  around 
the  south,  e^Lst,  and  west  sides ;  three  of 
which  are  {qv  tbe  members  of  the  royal 
houRchi^ld,  ill  attendance  upon  the  Queen 
and  Prince  Albert,  and  the  remaining  four 
are  for  tlie  royal  domestics.  These  seven 
pews,  the  fronts  of  which  are  of  Gotliic 
carved  wainscot,  will  afford  sitting  ae-* 
commodation  for  between  ad  and  60  per* 
sons.  For  tlie  use  of  the  domestics  in 
livervr  six  wainscot  seats  are  placed  on 
the  floor  of  the  chapel,  facing  the  com- 
tn\inion- table,  affording  room  for  upwards 
of  40  of  the  scnatitSr  The  chapel  is 
warmcil  by  means  of  hot  air,  conveyed 
from  the  basement  of  the  castle.  The 
organ,  which  has  been  erected  in  a  recess 
behind  the  screen  on  the  Dortb  side  of 
the  difipel,  was  the  favourite  instrument 
of  his  Majesty  George  111.  and  was  for- 
merly in  the  private  cbapcl  at  Bucking- 
ham House.  It  was  built  by  Samuel 
Grecn»  the  celebrated  organ-butlder,  about 
1770,  when  it  consisted  of  one  row  of 
keys,  and  but  six  stops.  It  has  recently 
undergone  considerable  alterations  and 
repairs,  and  it  now  contains  10  stops. 

CAMBRIDGE    CAMDEN    SOCIETY. 

Dec.  5.  At  a  very  full  meeting,  at  whicb 
the  President  was  in  the  chair,  after  re- 
ceiving the  usual  report  of  the  Committtc* 
some  beautiful  Church  plate  was  exhibit* 
cd,  executed  from  the  designs  of  W.  But- 
terfield,  eiq.  from  ancient  models.  These 
fpecimens  of  the  revival  of  ancient  art 
were  much  admired. 

The  Rev.  Professor  Willie  explained 
the  use  and  construction  of  the  Cymo. 
graph,  designed  by  him  for  more  accn* 
ratcly  obtaiimng  the  contours  of  mould- 
ingF,  and  al^o  his  plan  for  taking  tbe 
groining  of  vaults  aud  drawing  them  on 
paper. 

The  Rev.  T.  Myers,  of  Trinity  college, 
detailed  the  efforts  of  the  Yorkshire  Ar- 
chitectural Society,  in  the  restoration  of 
the  ancient  s^taiued  glass  in  tbe  churches 
of  York,  particularly  in  that  of  All  Saints, 
and  stated  the  cases  in  wliirh  succcsj*  had 
attended  the  exertioni  of  the  Society  to 
restore  a  better  ta^te  in  Church  architec- 
ture in  that  city. 

The  Rev.  H.  Goodwin,  M.A.  Fellow  of 
Caiua  college,  then  read  a  paper  on  the 
Orientation  of  Churche*i  and  explained 


78 


Architecture. 


[Jan. 


the  method  he  had  adopted  for  marking 
the  orientation  accurately.  He  pointed 
out  some  remarkable  instances  in  which 
the  churches  of  Cambridge  confirmed  the 
suggestion  thrown  out  by  the  Society,  of 
the  chancel  of  most  churches  pointing  to 
that  part  of  the  east  where  the  sun  rises 
upon  the  day  of  the  saint  in  whose  ho- 
nour the  church  is  dedicated. 

The  ReT.  P.  Freeman,  M.A.  of  St. 
Peter's  college,  read  an  account  of  the 
gradual  progress  of  the  restoration  of  the 
church  of  the  Holy  Sepulchre  in  Cam- 
bridge, from  the  time  of  its  being  first 
placed  in  the  hands  uf  the  Society. 

Adjourned  to  February  13. 

OXKORD  ARCIIITKCTL'RAL  SOCIETY. 

JVor.  'J*J,     Dr.  Richards,  the  rector  of 
Exeter   college,     read  a  paper  on    the 
history  and  origin  of  rural  deaneries  in 
England,  and  on  some  of  the  duties  of 
the   office    of  rural  dean,   with  especial 
reference  to  the  deanery  of  Woodstock, 
of  which  an  account  is  about  to  be  pub- 
lished by  the  society  in  their  "  Guide  to 
the  Architectural  Antiquities  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Oxford."     He  shewed  that 
the  office  of  rural  dean  was  in  use  in  Eng- 
land in  the  eleventh  century,  and  in  the 
Christian  Church  as  early   as  the  sixth 
century  ;  that  the  probable  origin  of  the 
name  was,  that  this  officer  originally  pre- 
sided over  ten  parishes,  although  in  the 
subsequent  increase  of  |)arishcs,  and  the 
union  of  two  or  three  deaneries  into  one, 
this    origin   has  been   almost  forgotten. 
One  great  use  of  the  office  at  the  present 
day,  is,  to  prevent  further  mischief  being 
done  to  our  churches  ;  and,  as  no  altera- 
tion can  be  made  without  the  consent  of 
the  ordinary,  the  rural  dean  may,  by  an 
appeal   to   him,    prevent   the    introduc 
tion  of  galleries,  the  conversion  of  open 
benches   in  close  news,  the   removal  of 
screens,  &c. ;  but  that  for  the  restoration 
of  our  churches  to  a  decent  sUte  where 
the  muchief  lias  been  already  perpetrated, 
he  must   rely  rather  on  persuasion,  re- 
peated  admonitions,  and  appeals  to  the 
better  feelings  of  the  parties  interested, 
tban  on  the  expensive  processet  of  ecde- 
Mastical  law.     In  his  own  deanery,  great 
credit  18  due  to  the  incumbent  and  pa- 
nshioncrs  of  Steeple  Aston  for  the  very 
^K***u^      restoration   of   their    church; 
wnich  he  referred  to  also  as  a  successful  in- 
stance of  the  introduction  of  open  benches 
ir,°?|5^out  the  church.    The  manner  in 
J^MJli  u  has  been  effected  was  also  very 
Jj«auable  to  Mr.  Plowman,  the  architect. 
^ucb  credit  is  also  due  to  the  incumbent 
,l»y'*"**ng:ton,  for  his  zealous  efforts  to 
ff*^'_  the   same  object,  though  he  had 
*?*«  but  iU  seconded  in  general  by  the 


pariahionera.  The  churchea  in  this  dean* 
ery  are  not  generally  whnt  would  be  called 
fine  churches,  although  perhaps  Kidlinf- 
ton,  Handborough,  and  Stanton  Harooort* 
might  deserve  that  distinction ;  but  al- 
most all  of  them  are  ancient,  and  posaeu 
features  of  interest,  and  are  worthy  Uie 
attention  of  the  architectural  student. 

The  secretary  then  read  a  deacription 
of  the  supposed  Anglo-Saxon  church  of 
Corhampton,  Hants,  communicated  by 
the  Rev.  C.  Walters,  M.A.  ;  and  illus- 
trated by  plans,  dctslls,  and  elevations, 
drawn  by  Mr.  Alfred  Vanghan  Waltcn ; 
with  an  introductory  essay  on  the  sup- 
posed Saxon  style,  which  he  supported 
with  the  usual  arguments  and  extracts 
from  Bentham.  Corhampton  church  ia 
a  very  good  specimen  of  this  daaa  of 
buildings,  having  thelong-and-ahort  work 
very  clearly  developed ;  Uie  pilacter-atrips 
of  stone  projecting  from  the  surface,  aa  if 
in  imitation  of  timber-work  ;  singular 
rude  impoats;  bases  of  universal  form, 
unlike  >orman ;  and  a  curioua  consecra- 
tion cross,  similar  to  that  at  Wamford, 
which  appears  there  to  have  bcmi  pre- 
served from  the  original  chorch  built  by 
Wilfred. 

Mr.  Freeman,  of  Trinity  College,  read 
some  extracts  from  Godwin's  Lives  of  the 
Bishops,  mentioning  churchea  in  the 
Saxon  times  in  such  a  manner  as  to  shew 
they  were  of  wood.  He  thought,  how- 
ever, that  in  Northamptonshire,  from  the 
abundance  of  stone,  they  used  that  mate- 
rial in  preference,  and  inquired  whether 
Brixworth  was  not  acknowledged  to  be 
prior  to  the  Conquest. 

The  principal  of  Brasenoae  obierved, 
that  the  chun^hes  of  Northamptonahire 
are  not  generally  built  of  the  stone  of  the 
country,  but  of  stone  brought  from  some 
disUnce,  such  as  Ketton.  He  had  been 
one  of  a  party  who  had  carefully  ex- 
amined Brixworth  church,  and,  althou^ 
they  found  some  Roman  material*,  the 
church  had  evidently  been  reconatructed, 
and  there  did  not  appear  any  decided 
character  in  the  building  itself  to  shew 
that  this  reconstruction  had  been  made 
prior  to  the  Norman  times ;  he  did  not 
give  this  as  his  own  opinion  so  much  aa 
that  of  others,  much  better  able  to  judge 
from  their  greater  experience  and  oppor- 
tunities of  observation. 

The  secretary  read  some  extracts,  to 
shew  that  the  Saxon  buildings  were  of 
wood,  even  in  cases  where  we  should  have 
naturally  expected  them  to  use  atone,  if 
any  where ;  as  at  Shrewsbury,  the  church 
built  by  SiKard,  thecouain  of  Edward  the 
Confessor,  which  is  expressly  mentioned 
by  Orderic  Vital,  whose  father  commenced 
ft  stone  church  on  the  aite  in  1082,    Ho 


1844'0 


Antiquarian  Uesesrches* 


79 


■bo  menitoned  instances  to  %hevf  that 
nearly  •!!  the  features  ositaUy  said  to  be 
clmracteristic  of  the  Saxon  style,  arc  to 
Se  fotiTid  in  Norman  work,  and  often 
much  later  ;  long  and  short  work  is  used 
in  the  jambs  of  windows,  &c.  occasionally 
at  all  fieriods,  from  Norman,  as  at  Syston, 
Lincolnshire,  to  late  Perpeodiculnr,  as  at 
r  _ ...  -^^  Suffolk,  and Eyzey ,  near  Crick- 
Its  ;  and  eTt*n  in  modem  build- 
:  same  modi*  of  conatmclioti  is 
sometimes  used.  The  triangular- headed 
opcoiogs  are  found  In  Norman  work,  at 
Norwich,  Hndisco«t  Norfolk,  and  Her- 
riii^eet,  Suffolk  j  in  early  English  work^ 
at  Blackland,  Wilts*  and  Hereford  Cathe- 
dral ;  in  Perpendicular  work f  at  Goodnes* 
tone,  near  Wingham^  Kent*  The  ab- 
ience  of  buttresses  it  no  pecular  feature  ; 
maoy  ch arches  of  all  the  styles  are  with- 


out buttresses.  The  peeu! larky  of  the 
balustre  In  windows  is  overturned  by 
Tewkesbury  and  St.  Alban^s.  Mr,  Syd- 
ney Smirke,  after  a  very  careful  examina* 
tion  of  the  mai^onry  of  Westminster  Hall, 
the  work  of  William  Rufns^  obserres  that, 
if  we  find  masonry  of  so  rude  a  character 
in  the  principal  ball  of  the  royal  palaoe, 
we  may  safely  assume  that  at  this  period 
good  and  experienced  masons  were  want- 
ing. He  did  not  mean  to  assert  that  there 
are  no  Saxon  remains,  but  that  the  fea- 
tures said  to  be  characteristic  of  a  Sazon 
style  are  not  to  be  relied  on. 

Mr.  James  Park  Harrison,  of  Christ- 
chureb,  made  »ome  obsenrations  in  sup- 
port of  the  Saxon  theory,  and  relied  much 
on  the  constractioQ,  which  in  the  best 
specimens  of  that  style  is  rather  that  of 
carpenters  than  of  masons. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


SOOIKTT   QT    AJCTtaUARies. 

i>#e.  7.     Ixjrd  Viscount  Mabon,  V.P. 

J,  Y,  Akerman,  esq.  communicated  an 
■ccaunt  of  Tarioua  relics  discovered  at 
Roaodway  Down,  near  Devizes,  on  the 
esutea  of  E.  P.  Colston,  esq.  At  the 
depth  of  seven  feet  a  skeleton  was  found 
IB  the  remains  of  a  wooden  cist,  which 
kftd been  bound  with  iron.  Various  curious 
artiolsi  of  jewellery  were  disinterred, 

SaBvel  fiirch,  esq.  communicated  some 
observations  on  an  Etruscan  vase  in  the 
British  Museum,  representing  a  myth  of 
U«rcules  aod  Juno. 

Six  Henry  Ellis,  Sec.  read  some  in- 
slriictinnsof  the  Privy  Couucili  dated  June 
26,  H»00,  addreaaed  to  the  Lord  Treasurer 
and  the  Lord  Admiral  as  Lieutenants  of 
Uw  oonnty  of  Sussex,  for  the  levy  of  fifty 
SBB  for  aervioe  in  Irelaad,  of  whom  12 
f  Co  b«  armed  with  pikest  6  with  bills, 
ith  muskets,  6  with  bastard  muskets, 
I  20  with  calivers,  aod  all  provided  with 
fwordi  and  daf^en.  Earnest  admonition 
WM  given  both  for  the  provision  of  better 
neo  and  better  arms  and  clothing  than 
kad  been  eustomary  ;  andr  because  many 
men  bad  been  known  previously  to  run 
away,  or  be  exchanged,  on  the  marchi  they 
were  to  be  conducted  by  men  char^^ed  by 
Uieeottiity  as  far  as  Chester,  where  captains 
were  appointed  to  receive  them. 

Df€.  14.  W.  R.  Hamilton,  esq.  V.P. 

William  Diiout  esq-  of  Alnwick,  Clerk 

'^tbc    Peace   for  Northumberland,  was 

1  a  Fellow  of  the  S>ociety. 
nTabei   Allies,   esq.  made  a  communi- 
cation reapecting  various  antiquitiea  dis- 
eovered  in  Worcestershire. 


Philip  Howard,  esq.  of  Corby,  com- 
municated some  account  of  the  recent 
opening  of  the  monuments  of  the  Howards 
in  the  church  of  Framlingham,  Sulfolk: 
ascertaining  that  the  bodies  interred  were 
removed,  together  with  the  tomb^,  from 
the  priory  of  Thetford  after  the  disso- 
Itition,  The  remains  found  are  suppoiied 
to  be  those  of  the  third  Duke  of  Norfolk 
and  his  wife,  of  the  poet  Earl  of  Surrey*  of 
his  brother4n-law  tbe  Dnkc  of  Richmond 
(natural  son  of  Henry  VI 11.)  and  his 
Couatess,  and  some  others. 

Studley  Martin,  esq.  communicated  an 
account  of  tbe  discovery  of  a  ^epulchrul 
urn  in  Lancashire. 

Georze  Stevens,  esq.  presented  a  verti- 
fied  and  alliterative  translation  of  *'Tbe 
Phoenix,  the  king  of  birds,"'  one  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  poems  contained  in  the 
Exeter  Book. 

Dec,  2\,  Mr.  Hamilton  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  C.  R.  Smith  communicated  a  no- 
tice  of  some  Roman  remains  recently  found 
near  Boulogne,  in  a  locality  identified  as 
the  site  of  a  cemetery  appertaining  to  the 
ancient  town  Gessoriacum.  Mr.  Smith 
exhibited  aeveral  urns,  bracelets,  f^bulte,  a 
glASS  veaael,  lamps,  and  coins  of  Claudius, 
Vespasian,  Gordian,  Postumus,  and  Te- 
tricus.  On  one  of  the  small  vases  in  red 
earth  was  scratched  the  word  casta.  It 
appears  that  this  ancient  burial  place  has 
furnished  an  immense  quantity  of  anti- 
quities, among  which  glaas  vases  of  a 
variety  of  elegant  patterns  hold  a  con- 
spicuous place.  There  were  also  found 
some  coffins  in  lead,  examplea  of  which, 
Mr.  Smith  stated,  had  also  been  found  at 


80 


Antiqnarmn  Researches. 


[Jan. 


Couttticesi  and  In  London  ;  t!iat  from  the 
former  pLice  contained  a  gloss  bottle  and 
a  coin  or  Posttmius. 

A  mazar-cap,  engru^ed  wUli  various 
devices  in  oulLinej  wa*}  exhibited,  and  oc^ 
compauied  by  some  iUubtrativc  reniarkis 
from  Albert  Way,  eaq.  Director*  Tbis 
wa9  the  favourite  kiod  of  drinking -vessel 
with  every  class  of  society  in  ancient 
times ;  was  u^iiatly  made  of  mapJe^  or 
other  light  wood^  oocaflionally  mounted  by 
rings  or  bands  of  the  precious  mctols,  and 
called  murruf  in  Latin  from  a  supposed 
resemblance  to  the  famed  Myrrhene  rases 
of  antiquity. 


TUE,    cms  A    WALI^, 

Father  Hyacinth  Duts^hurin,  who  was 
many  years  a  member  of  the  Russian 
efltablishment  at  Pckin*  hag,  in  a  late 
number  of  **  The  National  Memoirs,*' 
produced  much  navel  information  on  the 
subject  of  the  construction  of  the  cele- 
brated ^*  walL"  lie  controverts  the 
opinion,  prevalent  among  Europenni, 
that  thia  extensive  work»  w^hich  strctchea 
from  the  Gnlf  of  Corea  westward  to  the 
fortress  of  Zyayni-quin,  is  wholly  built 
of  stone,  and  hag  eiifitedr  without  any 
essential  decay  or  injury,  for  thirty 
centuries ;  and  he  sliowa  that  there  are 
ao  grounds  whatever  for  the  assertion. 
The  design  of  protecting  the  frontiers  of 
the  empire  with  walla  was  conceived  in 
the  fourth  century  before  the  birth  of 
Christ,  at  a  time  when  the  territory  with- 
in the  wall,  or  what  now  constitutes  China 
Proper^  wa£  parcelled  out  Into  seven 
distinct  Bovereignties,  many  of  their 
princes  adopting  the  system  of  defending 
themaeheii  againat  the  inroads  of  their 
rivals  by  erecting  walls  along  their  frontiers. 
Father  Hyacinth  quotes  many  instances 
in  point  from  the  records  of  that  age, 
aiMl  observes,  that  remains  of  these  de* 
iieiiO«f  are  still  found  in  the  interior  of 
China.  The  system  was  afterwards 
adhered  to  anil  extended,  but  the  material 
Qied  was  usually  what  the  Chinese  call 
*' beaten  earth, "not  stone.  In  the  course 
of  time  I  however,  the  walls  so  constmcted 
have  almost  crmmbled  away  ;  nor  does  it 
appear  probable  that  war  has  had  much 
to  do  with  their  decay ;  they  seem  to  have 
ll»en  levelled,  if  not  by  the  effects  of  rain 
and  storma,  by  the  appliance  of  the  plough* 
share. 

When  the  Mongolians  of  Tshuchar  and 
Odos  infested  the  northern  borders  of 
China  in  the  middle  of  the  tifteenth 
century,  the  ruling  powers  set  about  the 
reatoration  of  the  wall  in  that  direction, 
rebuilt  that  portion  of  it  which  extends 
frmn  0a*|elMn-fle  westwards  to  Byan- 
10 


in     1 


tsheu-guan^  a  distanco  of  GOB  li,  (about 
"14  mites),  and  in  the  year  1544]  reno- 
vated a  further  portion  of  300  It,  though 
ju  ivhait  precise  quarter  is  not  specified. 
In  the  following  year  the  great  wall  in  the 
|truviuce  uf  Datchaufu  was  erected.  AU 
Ihuu^h  Chinese  history  gives  no  informa- 
tion respecting  the  further  extension 
the  wall  to  the  Gulf  of  Corea,  no  doi 
can  exist  that  the  great  wall  now  exiatii 
between  .Shnnehaiquau  Shopcbinfu 
Tshi-li,  which  is  faced  with  stone  and 
bricksr  was  constructed  anew  under  the 
Ming  dynasty ;  for  it  is  not  possible  that 
the  barrier  of  eurth  thrown  up  in  tlie  sixth 
century  should  have  remained  entire  until 
the  fifteenth.  The  great  wall  stretching 
from  Shopcluufn  in  a  westerly  direction, 
is  :^^SQ  li  (1410  miles)  in  length,  aud  was 
built  in  the  Meenth  and  sixteenth 
centuries.  Part  of  this  chain,  which  ex- 
tends from  i^hopchinfu  southwards,  and 
thence  to  the  north-east,  as  far  as  Lake 
Chuamatshi,  was  constiucted  in  the  year 
1471^;  but  the  majority  of  the  military 
colonists,  who  are  appointed  to  guard 
the  Chinese  border,  having  ixed  upon 
the  northern  side  of  the  wall  for  their 
agricultural  settle menis,  the  foundation 
of  the  existing  wall  was  laid  in  1^04,  and 
the  earlier  line  of  defence  was  thenceforth 
designated  "the  second  wuU;"  similar 
duplications  of  walls  an*  to  be  met  with 
in  other  provinces,  for  instance,  inLyant- 
shcufu.  Tbe  facing  of  the  ancient  walla 
of  earth  with  brick b  and  granite  was  be- 
gun in  the  fifteenth  century  ;  this,  there- 
fore, is  the  trite  date  of  itll  the  lines  lo 
faced. 

F  ro  ni  the  wcstc  rn  borders  of  th  e  p  rovince 
of  Tshili  tlio  wall  thence  tiikea  a  westerly 
direction  through  the  province  of  Snn- 
st,  is  built  of  beaten  loam,  without  any 
facing,  of  inconsiderable  width,  and  not 
more  than  hve  feet  tn  height ;  further 
onwards,  namely,  from  Sun*»i  to  Shon-si, 
the  Hoang-ho  or  Yellow  River  forms  the 
frontier  defence  lustead  of  the  great  wall, 
aud  is  protected  by  isolated  posts  :  beyond 
this^  still  in  a  westerly  direction,  the  wall 
is  low  iiud  narrow,  buried  in  sand  where 
sandy  plains  occur,  and  in  other  places 
completely  levelled  ;  the  only  exception 
being  in  Sut»hen»  near  the  fortress  of 
Zyayui-tjuin,  where  it  is  in  a  good  state 
of  preservation.  It  may  be  remarked, 
that  the  walls  of  this  fortress  itself  arc  not 
built  even  of  brickn,  but  of  compressed 
earth.  Lower  down  towards  the  south, 
no  defence  tit  to  be  termed  a  wall  exists  \ 
the  only  approximation  to  it  is  a  ditch, 
provided  at  certain  points  with  a  better 
kind  of  wall. 


fll 


HISTORICAL    CHRONICLE. 


FOREIGN    NEWS, 


tht  a^iin  of  Spain  give  great  uneAsU 
neia  to  the  Fren<!fa  Uovemment.  M, 
BretfiORp  the  new  Ambassador,  wbo  bad 
got  at  far  as  Bayonne  on  hk  way  to  Ala- 
drid,  baa  been  stopped,  until  more  is 
Icoown  BS  to  tbe  turn  afikir^  are  likely  to 
take.  Tbe  increased  zeal  of  tbe  French 
LcgittfQlsts  in  LfOndon,  in  apparently  re- 
cofiiiaing  tbe  Duke  of  Bordeaux  as  Ktng 
of  France,  has  also  created  uneasiness. 
Tbe  applioatioQ  of  tbe  Duke  dVAumale 
for  the  band  of  tbe  Princess^  Mnrie 
Teraae,  aifter  of  tbe  King  of  tbe  Two 
Sicilies,  bai  been  accepted.  Tbe  French 
Mint  hos  struck  a  very  tine  mediU  in 
commem oration  of  the  viait  of  Queen 
VTctoria  to  France.  The  foreign  trade 
of  France  baa  diminished  considerably. 
Tbe  subscriptions  for  tbe  suiTerers  by  tbe 
late  earthquake  at  Guadaloupe  nmount 
to  abont  l,300,000f. 

SPAIN. 

Oloztga  has  been  dismissed  from  the 
PremiATibip,  which  ba&  been  followed  by 
llie  bfeakin^  up  of  the  whole  of  the 
Cabinet.  A  very  serious  offence  is  al- 
leged against  the  late  Premier — no  Jess 
than  hia  having,  on  the  28th  of  November, 
rudely  and  forcibly  compelled  the  youiig 
Qoecn  to^ign  a  decree  for  the  dissolution 
of  the  Ckjrtes.  Her  Majesty's  statement, 
delivered  in  tbe  preaenoc  of  the  National 
Notary^  was  laid  before  the  bouse  m\  tlic 
SOth.  Olozaga  indignantly  denies  the 
truth  of  tbe  allegation,  and  says  that  the 
story  is  trumped  up  by  n  cnboil  which 
existed  in  the  palace,  iit  the  Uend  of  which 
are  certain  notables  backed  by  General 
Narvae/,  whote  object ,  Olcfxaga  says,  in. 
tu  render  themselves  masters  of  Spain ^ 
and  to  roarry  tbe  Queen  to  the  eldest  son 
of  Don  Carlos.  Tbe  conduct  of  the  ex - 
Premier  baa  the  appeuianee  of  openness 
and  emndour,  and  bis  demand  to  be  put 
11BOO  faia  trial  apeaka  much  in  bis  favour. 
Cmsilei  Bravo,  who  b«&  been  elected  to 
Cana  «  Moderado  ministry »  has  succeded 
in  haiol^«ct.  An  affray  ha&  taken  pbcc  in 
^fft\>^iA  in  roTisequence  of  some  indi- 
vni  Mig  *'  Bspartero  for  ever  t  " 

'iiu:  «  re  culled  outi  and  some  few 

fttmum  were  kiUed  and  wounded  before 
md§tmm»  restored. 

ORCECE. 

At  Athena,  a  drfift  of  the  new  consti* 
tniKMi  Ihu  boen  submitted  to  the  King. 
GiiCT,  Mao.  Vol.  XXL 


There  are  to  be  two  Chftmbers,— namely, 
a  Senate  and  a  Chamber  of  Deputies  ;  and 
the  country  is  to  be  divided  into  ten  pro- 
vinces. The  King  is  to  choose  the  Sena- 
tors from  a  triple  list  of  deputie-j.  The 
King  has  opened  tbe  General  Assembly, 
and  eitjoined  on  all  parties  mutual  coo^ 
cessions  in  forming  the  delinittve  Con- 
stitution of  the  country. 

SICILY. 

An  eruption  of  Mount  Etna  has  lately 
token  place*  Tbe  mountain  bad  been  for 
some  days  beavily  capped  with  densse 
clouds ;  some  rumblinj^s  were  heard  at 
times  resembling  distant  thunder;  and 
many  persons,  especially  on  the  wtatstde, 
near  Bronte,  innigined  they  felt  at  inter- 
vals slight  shocks  of  earthquakes.  About 
midnight,  on  Saturday  the  1 0th  Nov. 
several  violent  explosions  were  beards 
and  fire  was  soon  seen  to  ascend  from 
near  the  mouth  of  the  old  crater.  Tha 
stream  of  lava  gradually  increased  in  ex- . 
tent,  and  took  a  course  towards  the  town 
of  Bronte;  luckily  a  few  hillocks  to  its 
left  served  to  turn  the  direction,  which 
then  flowed  on  towards  the  post -road  to 
Palermo,  having  utuined  tbe  destructive 
breadth  of  upwards  of  two  miles;  the 
sight  is  awfully  grand  and  beautiful,  yet 
terrific  beyond  description.  It  bids  fair  to 
be  the  most  magnificent  eruption  of  tbe 
last  century.  As  yet  its  diimages  have 
been  confined  to  a  few  bouses  and  vine, 
yards,  and  afiirge  paper  manufactory. 

INDIA. 

The  Punjiitib  remains  in  a  state  ol 
anarchy.  Dholeep  Singh,  described  as  a 
son  of  one  of  Runjeet*8  wives,  only  seven 
years  of  age,  is  still  the  nominal  Raja, 
and  Heera  Singh  acts  us  Prime  MiniBter; 
but  the  uncles  of  the  latter  are  disstitistied 
with  the  new  nnangecncnt*  and  Ghoolm  , 
Singh,  with  an  army  of '23,(XX)  men,  wa« 
marching  upon  Labor e,  where  a  seriouf 
contest  was  anticipated.  Lord  Ellenbo- 
rough  has  ordered  an  army  of  36,0OiJ  men 
to  assemble  on  the  Sikh  frontier,  to 
prevent  any  aggreaaion  on  British  terri- 
tory, and  to  watch  forthcoming  events. 

Dost  Mahomed,  though  not  very  popu- 
lar at  Cabul,  is  making  preparations,  it  is 
said,  for  a   movement  upon  Pesbawur  | 
and,  unless  the  English  governraent  inter-  ^ 
fere,  would  in  a  short  time  recover  poa-  i 
session  of  that  territory,  which  had  beett  | 
conquered  by  Runjeet  isingb, 

M 


82 


Domestic  Occurrence, 


[Jan. 


Dewan  Sawun  MuU,  the  chief  of 
MoulUn,  was  murdered  about  the  time 
the  horrible  assassinations  took  place  at 
Lahore. 

The  utmost  tranquillity  prevails  in 
Sinde,  a  good  proof  that  the  people  are 
content  with  the  new  government;  Sir 
Charles  Napier  remaining  at  Kurrachee. 
The  treasure  taken  at  Hyderabad  has 
been  brought  to  Bombay ;  it  amounts  to 
about  700,000/. 

CHINA. 

The  Chinese  Government  continue  to 
respect  the  treaty,  and  affairs  go  on 
peaceably.  The  state  of  trade  at  Hong 
Kong  does  not  appear  to  be  satisfactory 
at  present,  and  sickness  still  prevails 
there.  The  smuggling  of  opium  still 
continues,  though  not  sanctioned  hy  the 
British.  The  Bogue  forts  are  rebuilt  in 
nearly  the  same  state  as  before.  The 
Chinese  Government  has  claimed  four 
millions  of  dollars  from  the  Hong  mer- 
chants as  a  contribution  on  account  of  the 
Canton  ransom.  The  Emperor  has  is- 
sued  several  prochunations,  exhibiting 
a  wish  to  protect  <*  the  foreign  barbari* 
ans,"  and  to  punish  those  who  maltreated 
the  sailors  shipwrecked  in  the  Nerbudda 
and  Anne  in  toe  beginning  of  1842. 

CIRCA8SIA. 

A  battle  has  been  lately  fought  between 
the  Russians  and  the  Circassians.  The 
Utter,  with  about  1,200  men,  attacked 
with  great  resolution  two  Russian  bat- 
talions, when  marching  to  relieve  other 
troops.  The  Russians  fought  bravely, 
but  were  obliged  to  retire  before  the  great 
numbers  of  the  enemy.  Six  Russian 
officers  were  killed,  and  the  loss  on  that 
side  was  in  general  great.  A  regiment  of 
chasseurs  came  to  the  aid  of  the  Rus. 
sians,  and  forced  the  Circassians  to  give 
wmj. 

ABYSSINIA. 

Seven  thousand  Christian  slaves  have 
been  liberated  from  galling  bondage  at 


the  intercession  of  Captain  Harris,  Ute 
Ambassador  to  Abysnnia^  whilst  bun- 
dreds  of  doomed  Pagan  prisoners,  taken 
in  the  bloody  forays  witnessed  by  the 
British  Embassy,  were  set  atlai^e  through 
the  same  mediation.  Several  members 
of  the  Royal  house  of  Shoa,  and  Princes 
of  the  blood,  whom  a  barbarous  policy 
has,  since  the  days  of  Solomon,  doomed 
to  chains  and  a  living  grave,  have  been 
liberated. 

CAPE   OF  GOOD  HOPE. 

The  Anglo- Dutch  farmers  at  Natu) 
have  submitted  to  the  British  Gt>vem- 
ment.  Major  Smith  has  taken  possesaioa 
of  Pietermauritzbei^,  and  begun  to  erect 
a  fortification  there.  Trade  has  been 
opened  between  Natal  and  the  Cape  Co» 
lony.  The  discretion  and  zeal  of  Com- 
missioner Cloete,  in  bringing  about  this 
satisfactory  conclusion  of  troublesome 
hostilities,  are  highly  commended. 

SANDWICH  ISLANDS. 

Admiral  Thomas  has  formally  restored 
to  King  Kamehamea  III.  the  Sandwich 
Islands,  with  the  sovereignty  of  them, 
which  that  Prince  had  given  over  to  the 
Queen  of  England  by  the  hands  of  Lord 
George  Paulet. 

ALGEUIA. 

General  Tempoure  attacked  the  camp 
of  the  Caliph  Sidi  Embarack-ben-AUah, 
on  the  1 1th  Nov.  at  Mallah,  a  place  forty 
leagues  to  the  west  of  Mascarah.  This 
chief,  who  was  on  his  way  to  join  Abd- 
el-Kader,  is  described  as  only  second  to 
the  latter  in  importance.  His  army, 
which  consisted  of  several  battalions  of 
infantry  and  a  regiment  of  ca\'alry,  was 
entirely  destroyed.  Sidi  Embarack  him- 
self was  killed,  with  400  of  his  men ; 
aOO  prisoners,  and  three  standards  were 
taken.  It  is  said  that  the  pretext  for  in. 
vading  Tunis  and  Morocco  has  at  length 
been  afforded  in  the  shelter  offered  in 
those  States  to  Abd-el-Kader  and  his 
followers. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


JVbr.  23.  The  manor  and  township  of 
^ton  Qrmngtf  in  the  county  of  Chester, 
was  this  day  sold  by  auction  to  Sir  Ar- 
thur Aston,  GC.B.  of  Aston,  Ute  Am- 
bassador to  Spain,  for  22,100/.  indepen- 
dent of  the  timber.  It  was  the  property 
of  Sir  Ricliard  Brooke,  Bart,  and  was 
sold  by  him  in  consequence  of  a  recent 
purchase  of  the  manor  of  Kekewich  in 
the  same  county,  for  which  he  has  given 
35,0001. 

Not,  28.     The  Queen  and  Prince  Al- 


bert  left  Windsor  Castle  on  a  visit  to  Sir 
Robert  Peel  at  Drayton  Manor.  They 
joined  the  Birmingham  Railway  at  the 
Watford  station,  and  were  received  at  the 
Tamworth  station  by  Sir  Robert  Peel. 
Lady  Peel  received  her  Majestv  at  the 
entrance  of  Drayton  Manor :  where  the 
dinner  party  consisted  of  twenty-one  per- 
sons, including  the  Duke  of  Rutland,  the 
Duke  and  Duchess  of  Buccleuch,  the 
Earl  of  Jersey,  Lady  Portnaan,  Uc,  On 
the  following  day  the  Queen   Dowager 


1S44.] 


Ootnesi  k  Occn  i  ren  ces , 


M 


jcrt?»r4  the  \iAsty,  Krince  jMbert  vj!>iteii 
Btrtiitngham,  On  Thiirsdny  Nov.  30,  her 
MH,csty»  aUendcd  by  Prince  Albert  and 
^'vrrnl  of  the  most  didtinpished  go&siR, 
r^itod  Lichfieid.  On  Fndny  Dec,  1,  tlic 
\%irrn  Mnd  Prince  removed  from  Tarn, 
to  Ckatmtortft,  (still  ncconipiiriied 
'^'Om  Dukes  of  Wellington  tind  Buc- 
I,)  and  were  received  by  tlie  VnUt 
of  Devonshire  and  Lady  L<jui«i  Caven- 
di:>b.  On  ihe  west  tcrraee  her  AJajesry 
visited  an  oak  tree  plnnted  by  herself 
eleven  year*  ago,  and  Prince  Albert 
ftiited  another  by  its  side*  A  ball  took 
in  the  t-vening.  The  nent  day  ihe 
Ktid  cofisorvnrory  was  illuminated  before 
dinner.  On  Sunday  divine  service  was 
performed  before  the  Queen  in  the  pri- 
rate  chapel,  and  her  Majesty  afterwards 
rode  CO  tile  gardens,  where  Mr.  PaxtoOt 
the  giirdeneft  presented  her  with  his 
**  Mapzine  of  Hotany/*  in  8  vols.  A 
selection  of  «<acred  music  was  performed 
by  the  Duke'schamberbind  in  the  evening. 
On  the  morning  of  Monday,  Dec.  3, 
'  er  Majesty  left  Chatsworth  for  Beivoir 
kjiile,  attended  by  the  Duke  of  Devon. 

'tlnre,  as  far  as  Deroy,  where  he  presented 
a  county  address  as  Lord  Lieutenant,  at 

_tbe   railroad    station.      At    Nottinghann 

evcral    triumphal   arches  were  erected, 

nd  other  demonstmtions  of  respect  paid. 

Duke  of    Rutland    received    her 

fajesty  at  Belvoir  Castle,  and  the  key  of 

'^thc  Staunton  tower  was  presented  to  ber 
bj  the  Rev.  Dr.  Staunton.  The  next 
monung  there  was  a  magnilicent  display 
of  the  Slelton  hound.*,  about  iOO  scarlet 
roots  being  in  the  field.  The  Duke  of 
Wellington  Joined  the  sport.  In  the 
evening,  before  dinner,  the  Mayors  of 
Gfsatham  and  Leicester  jiresented  tid^ 
4twmeM  from  the  corporations  of  their 
townf.  On  Thursduy  the  ()th  her  Majesty 
rttumed  from  Belvoir  CiKstleto  Windsor. 
T/t*  Anffelt  JE^/a/e*.— The  celebrated 
^icn  to  these  immense  estates,  which  has 
4lccupied  the  attention  ot  the  legal  pro. 
fe»sion  and  the  public  for  many  years  past 
in  various  parts  ot  the  kingdom^  was  de- 
cided in  an  ejectment  case  before  Lord 
Chief  Justice  Tind»l  nnd  a  special  jury, 
at  Croydon  assizes,  on  the  t?6th  Oct,  after 
a  triiil  of  t^^o  days*  continuance,  by  a  ver. 
diet  for  the  plaintiff,  William  Angell ; 
thua  eDtablishing  the  hi^irship  and  claim 
of  this  once  poor  man  (hite  an  agricultural 
labourer)  to  the  property  in  Sui*'« ex,  Surrey, 
and  Kent,  formerly  of  William  Angell, 
the  first  Durehaser  of  CrovvhurRt,  in  Snr- 
rey^  of  tuc  value  of  upward'*  of  a  million 
of  money.  Some  lighthoti&es,  parr  of  the 
property,  were  lately  sold  to  the  Trinity 
Hotite  for  about  230,a00/.^Ou  the  2d  of 

yoftmber,  however,   Mr.  Xhefiigcr  ap- 


plied ill  the  C^urt  of  Queen's  Beitth  for 
a  rule  ni*i  for  «  new  trial,  ou  various 
grounds;  among  others,  on  the  ground 
that  the  parish  registers  produced  in  court 
to  prove  the  descent  of  the  plaintiff  had 
evidently  been  tampered  with^  ns  was 
proved  by  comparing  them  with  the  tran- 
scriptis  in  the  Bishop's  Court,  Among 
other  iBstances  was  a  register  &aid  to  cori- 
tniij  an  entry  of  the  death  of  Marriott 
Angell  in  the  year  1728,  wliich  name 
occurred  in  the  will  of  the  testator,  in 
virtue  of  which  this  property  is  claimed. 
On  comparing  the  register  with  the  tran- 
EcripC,  it  appeared  that  the  real  name  had 
been  Margaret  Ange,  which  had  been 
altered  in  the  register  to  Marriott  Angell, 
Tlie  learned  Counsel,  however,  com- 
pletely ejtonerated  the  lessor  of  the  plnitt- 
tilf  and  his  adviseis  from  the  charge  of 
tampering  with  the  registers,  inasmuch  as 
for  the  last  thirty  years  the  registers  had 
been  in  the  pos5ession  of  the  vicar  of 
the  puri^b.  For  many  years  before  that 
period,  however,  ditTerent  persons  had 
been  making  claims  to  this  property,  and 
to  some  one  of  the  former  claimants 
these  tnmpe rings  with  the  register  were 
attributed.  The  Court  granted  a  rule  niti 
on  all  the  f?rounds. 

Wreck  of  ihe  Rnyai  George.— The 
operarions  which  have  been  for  some 
years  in  pi  ogress  for  clearing  away  the 
wreck  of  the  Royal  George  at  Spit* 
head  arc  at  length  completed.  When  the 
Royal  George  went  down,  in  178*2,  there 
were  100  guns  on  board,  viz,  28  iron  3S?. 
pounders,  IG  iron  1*2 -pounders,  28  brasa 
g-t-pounders,  and  2B  brass  l2*poundenr. 
Of  these,  six  iron  r2- pounders  and  nine 
brass  12- pounders  were  removed  in  the 
cour!;e  of  the  same  year  liy  means  of  the 
diving-bell;  after  which  nothing  was  done 
till  the  year  1B34,  when  Mr.  Charles  An- 
thony Deane  first  brought  his  diving  hel- 
met and  dress,  which  was  a  very  old  idea, 
suggested  in  various  books  for  nearly 
three  centuries^,  back,  to  such  a  state  of 
|ierlection  as  to  reuclLr  it  nvuilablc  for 
praclicHl  ptir poses.  In  the  years  1834"^ 
183j,  and  183G,  Mr.  Deane  recovered 
seven  iron  32-pounders,  18  brass  2^^ 
pounders,  and  three  brass  l3.pounderS| 
2B  in  all  i  for  wbieii  be  received  salvage 
from  the  Board  of  Ordnance ;  ofter  which 
the  remaining  guns  being  buried  in  mud, 
or  under  the  limbers  of  the  upper  part*  of 
the  wrerk,  eluded  his  efforts,  as  nothing 
but  gunpowder  coiihl  render  them  accea- 
sibte.  hx  lS3iK  when  Major-getJeral 
Paaley,  then  Colonel  of  the  Roynl  Engi- 
neers, commenced  his  operations, in  which, 
he  has  never  spared  thot  most  essential 
article,  without  which  nothing  could  have 
been  done,  he  reoovercd  I2fiins,  II  mor« 


u&9ite'^ 


fC(f^i 


m  Mir  nduMinlMlibui  in  1S42  be 
mUfmeennnd  one  iron  12-pound«r,  be- 
CMM0  b«  cbeo  directed  that  the  divers, 
who  had  cot  down  to  the  floor*  dm  bent 
isd  Ip0cl,  iboiild  couiine  tbeir  efforts  to 
tk«  reiDOfal  of  die  woodwork  of  the  hull ; 
and  h«  pursued  tbe  Mme  Byvtem  in  the 
■noMDcr  of  1643,  until  the  whole  of  the 
Iml  and  bottom  planking  were  i^ot  up^ 
tilmwb^h  the  half -anchor  creeper  drawn 
transvervety,  and  a  frigate'*  onchor  longi- 
tudinfeUy  acroA«  tbe  originil  position  of 
the  hul),  proved  that  no  more  woodwork 
ivmained,  when  he  directed  that  guns 
only  «houtd  be  »on^ht  for,  in  consequence 
ol  whirh  110  lesii  than  13  have  been  reco. 
¥ered  thia  season.  Hence  4^  guns  in  oil 
We  been  recovered  by  tbe  divers  cin^ 
ployedunder  Mi^or-Oeneral  Pasley.whicb^ 
with  15  recovered  in  1782»  and  29  reco- 
rered  by  Mr.  Deaiie,  a*  before  mentioned, 
amount  to  a  total  of  66,  leaving  14  guns 
•till  at  the  bottom ^  of  which  number  six 
are  iron  12-pounderB,  one  h  a  htAsa  24- 
poundcr,  and  six  arc  brass  I2«puimdprs> 
The  quantity  of  iron  ballast  in  the  hold 
of  tbe  Royal  George  when  she  sank  was 
126  tons  1^  cv/u,  generally  in  pig«  of 
teven  to  the  ton,  of  which  more  than  119 
torn  have  hten  i.eiit  of  by  the  militarv 
dlrers  and  delivered  into  I'ort^tnoutli 
dockyard,  fto  (bat  the  quantity  now  re- 
maining at  the  bottom  is  less  than  seven 
tons,  liing  only  17  pigs,  which,  iiiivlng 
been  scattered  about  by  the  constant 
areeptngp  Hiid  by  tbe  numerous  cxplostonSf 
cinnot  obstruct  the  (inL'homgc.  In  re- 
•paet  to  the  11  guns  stitl  remaiiungp  all 
blvM  about  four  feet  under  the  mud,  and 
of  wbieh  one  only  is  tt  heavy  gun,  nhould 
a  ahip's  anchor  hereafter  get  bold  of  one 
of  them,  which  is  posiible,  though  Vf'ry 
onUkeiy,  it  will,  on  being  weighed,  raise 
the  gun  up  to  the  surface  of  the  mud^  or 
a  little  above  it,  after  which  it  will  release 
it,  and  it  may  then  be  ft\uii^  with  ease. 
The  quantity  of  gunpowder  fired  this  sea<> 
sou  amounted  to  nM931bs.  that  is^  to 
nearly  ?li  barrels. 

Mr«  Piirdo,  the  principal  master- 
attendant  of  Portsmouth  dockyard,  bav. 
Trig  examined  tbe  tf^  by  dragging  a  fri. 
gate's  anchor  pqiMledfy  o%xr  ir,  and 
Oiectincr  no  obttniist&OOt  has  reported  to 
Rear-Adiii.  Hyde  Parker,  that  the  ground 
where  tbe  wreck  ot  tbe  Royal  6eorge 
Apmcfljr  laf  i*  ^ovf  clear  and  quite  as 
il  fer  toe  ute  of  bcr  Maiesty'a  ships  as 
Mf  Otber  part  of  tbe  anchorage  at  Spit- 
bead  ;  wbleb  report,  in  corroboration  of 
General  Pialeyls  ODinion,  having  been 
communieaied  oAelally  to  tbe  Admiralty, 
tbrir  loedtblpa  bave  ordered  tbe  wieck 
buoy  to  be  removed  from  tbe  ipot,  as 


being  no  loiifer  neeemry*  Formerly 
there  were  lut  or  tevm  Snouts  of  water 
only  over  tbe  wreek  of  the  Royal  Geor^, 
the  bull  of  which,  then  nearly  perfect, 
stood  33  feet  higher  than  the  general  level 
of  the  anchorage  grounds  At  present,  tbe 
ground  where  the  wreck  lay  is  on  the 
same  level  nearly  with  the  remainder  of 
the  anchorage. 

TVopkieM  from  China,  —  A  curious 
collection  of  gtin^i  and  swords,  cap* 
tured  during  the  hite  war  in  China,  Iiy 
Commander  W.  H.  Hail,  at  that  time 
Captain  of  the  Nemeais  iron  steamer, 
ana  now  the  Commander  of  tbe  Royal 
Victoria  and  Albert  )'afbt,  haa  ar. 
rived  at  Windsor  Castle,  having  been 
accepted  by  her  Majesty,  a  portion  of 
which  mny  be  thu<i  brietly  described  :— 

1.  An  immense  brass  gun,  12-pounder, 
upwurds  of  eleven  feet  iu  lengthy  nod 
beaytifully  cost.  Thia  was  captured  from 
the  war-juTtk  of  the  ChincAC  Admiral,  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Canton  tiver,  in  1941* 

2,  A  brass  four.pounderj  nearly  six  feet  in 
length,  beautifully  carved  with  dolphin's 
head  I.  Tht6  gun  was  taken  from  tbe 
junk  of  the  Chinese  Commodore,  and 
presented  to  Commander  Hall  by  the 
officers  of  the  ship's  company  of  the  Ne- 
mesis, 3.  A  i^mall  brass  *ilk  gun,  so  de- 
nominated from  its  being  elnhorateiy 
bound  round  and  ornameiiled  wiih  silk^ 
over  which,  still  further  to  preserve  it,  is 
also  hound,  with  great  taste,  various  folds 
of  catgut.  This  guUf  which  was  taken  at 
Tstykee,  iu  1842,  is  about  two  feet  in 
length,  and  will  carry  a  ball  of  31b.  This 
de^rnption  is  considered  a  great  curiosity; 
only  nine  such  guns  were  captured  during 
Ihe'whole  war.  The  piece  i^  not  mounted 
upon  a  cainagc,  but  tin  either  side  are 
two  hand  lea,  to  be  held  by  four  men  when 
it  ifl  discharged.  4*  Two  gingals,  or  long 
muskets,  with  tight«,  and  of  recent  ma* 
nufiicture.  These  muskets,  which  are 
about  eight  feet  in  length,  proved  the 
moBt  destructive  weapons,  and  did  the 
greatest  execution  during  the  war.  When 
diicharged  they  are  loaded  with  at  leact 
three,  and  iomctimeif  four  and  five,  small 
bullets,  which  they  will  curry  an  immense 
diitnnce.  They  were  taken  in  the  north 
ot  China  in  184:^.  ^.  Three  Cbineite 
matchlocks,  or  uiuaket«,  ^vith  inscrip- 
tions, in  Chinese  chamcters,  on  the  lodti. 
These  were  also  captured  in  the  north  of 
China  during  the  tast  yenr.  6.  A  rurioua 
matchlock,  with  a  reit ;  the  barrel  bound 
round  with  rings,  apparently  to  give  it 
increased  streugth,  7.  A  double-handed 
tword,  or,  rather,  pair  of  swords,  fitted 
into  one  scabbard ;  the  blades  being 
about  two  feet  six  incbet  in  length. 


ta 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


BaZ^TE   PftOMOTTONS. 
Wm*  W^jrtk  HilmA,  Jolu  Btlfonn  mq,  to 

_.  I  mnet  esq.  Advocate,  to  be 

PipBlt  of  ttm  tmre  or  abetiilUoni  of 

Dtniel  Florence  O^htvry,  e«i.  (now 

Pyvt^ru*  r^iliflloj  to  be  Charifc  d*Af- 

il  to  the  Republic  of 

'T  ]|[Acb«an,  esq.  to 

i  mstatd  aiitler  the 
'  m^ht  Key.  £ilw4nl 

^1.^ — :.,  ...   ;.\eTcis«  all  tlic  fwii*?- 

«9  wfU  witli  ffpird  to  the 
ai)tnttiAbtie<>,  tif  the  Rif^ht 
«i»:G«0BPB-He»i7Bialiotof  Bfiti,  ^u>i  wviK 
Utetv  5.  Thomu  Fred,  Eniot ,  '  ^^^e 

flksir  liBf^vre,  and  Cbarlea  Al&x  1 1 ». 

»  be  Cotumiadoaera  ftir  snpi  i  'he 

kd  Mttleioimt  of  the  wa^-'  i  he 

ia  tbc  Brillah  Colonies,  "n- 

,^_ii<ieof  tmifrantstbithcr,— I  I  ..  ;,  .  ..ijur 
Oiarbtt  DcADc  to  be  Lieat,-Cal.;  <apt.A»  B. 
Motilgmnery  to  be  lllajor. 

/Jrr.  8.  John  Blakiston,  esq.  late  brei?et 
Major  and  Qtjjtaiu  )i.  ]>,  QTHt  Vtrnt,  to  be  one 
of  tlurr  MajeAls's  Hon,  Lbrp^  of  Gentlemen  at 

/?rt.  M,  TliomAj*  UkXt  of  Mellifonl  Abbey* 
CO.  J^onu'fiwt,  Gent,  and  Rmiua- Phim>eii  Lh 
mift't  cldf«*t  dan*  .iml  fobinr  of  Ricbard  Gilliiiir, 
Itfr  of  Ched^Ur.  i>st|.  t<i  take  the  oaine  of  Gil- 
oialy,  and  bear  xhf-  itrra«. 

12,  l.ieut.-f    ■     ^  •^'  -^qriouMaitlaiid, 

tu  be  Gov  ilomouuider  in 

thfCapet:  .— James  Hiid- 

\v  Hfr .  Mi   k.t-^iiiniu  at  Waabin^i 

rotiiry  of  liuj^ation  at  tbo  Hague; 

J,..      ., Jvt  Lsq.  (now  Secretary  of  f.^a^ 

J  to  lie  ispcrr'tary  of  Ug^aliijn  at 

Georift^    JoliJi    Kuliert    Gordon, 

Attach*'  at  Rif*  <h^  J :*n..rnk  to 

of  I>'i^»tii>u  iit  ^-T     '  md 

;raven,  ^^i^q-  mow  1  nt 

b»  to  hit  H+Mfrtajy  ol   L.  id- 

7Sth  Fixit,  Major  R.  D.  iiMiiiii\  ir*  l»e 

"  ilot**-! ;  brevet  Major  J.  H.  En^flaiid  to 

:izUt  Boo.  Richard  I'aken- 
r   Miyeaty'a  Privv  CounriU 
^rr.  to  be  one  of  Her  Ma- 
j  '  uttemen  at  Aims. 

James  McLaren,  C*B, 
I  <  ^  the  Order  of  the 

i*  I  trie  tljirdctfts*. 

/'.  y  SterlJn|^re»q-  to  bcAttor- 

Mr  '-  iiland  of  Honff  Kong,— 

I  oUSir  H.  H,  Sale.  aCB,, 

1  r  H.X.  Vigo^l»tobcLic1lt.- 

<  Meredith   to  bo  Major,— 

J  lUt'trn,  on  haif-iiay  Unattached, 

I  r  iiiAut  of  the  Royal  Militaiy  Asy* 

A  Edmund  Morris,  CB.,  to  be 
1  -ftoner  and    Magistrate  for  the 

i:  ^^or^c.   Cape   of   Good    Hope.— > 

7  '  '\\if  Mjyor  Robert  Riehard- 

<\>'t  ^pt.  T.  L«  Marcbajit 
r  Foot,  Capt.  A.  H.  Ferry- 

trquesa  of  Granby;  to  be  a 
L  1 1  amber,  and  Admiral  Lord 

olviHc  33)  *^ua  Lord  of  the  Hedcliamber,  to 
'  t  Ooyal  Highneaa  Priuce  Albeit. 


NaVAI.  PROMOTlOlTfl. 

Promotion*,  —  Licutcnanta.  Sir  W,  Hoiiet 
Bart,  C,  W.  Matbiaon  (Ftar  Lieatenant  to 
Admiml  SirC.  RowkvkaouJ.  Moore  (son  of 
the  late  Sir  Graham  Moore),  to  the  rank  of 
Commander. 

Appttinfmentt.—CammhndBT  E.  B.  H.  Howlef , 
to  the  SatelUte  j  CotnmaQder  W,  Chambera, 
to  the  Albion;  Tlioraas  Read,  to  the  oot- 

rision  of  Greeawicb:  T.  H.   Maaon*  and 
Ev  Biiticbam,  to  the  Royal  Naval  College  ^ 
J.  Wolfe^to  the  Tartarufi. 


Member  returned  tr/  iterve  in  Parliameni, 
Ktfkenmy  Co.— Pierce  Somerset  Butter,  taq,. 


EcCt^HSTASTICAL    Pill FB KM X NTS. 

Rev%  W.  B.  Knight,  to  be  Dean  of  LlandafT. 
Rev.  W.  M.  Wttde,  to  be  Dean  of  Glasgow. 
Rev.  John  Sinclair,  M.A.  to  be  Arcti deacon  ot 

Middlesex, 
Rev.  \\\  Crawley,  to  the  new  Archdeaconry  of 

Moninoutb, 
Rifv,  J.  Garbett,  to  be  Preb.  of  Chirbeater. 
Rev.  H^  Wookombe,  to  be  Preb.  of  Ejcetcr. 
Rev.  R,  C.  Clifton,  to  be  Canon  of  llttncbeat«r. 
Rev.  Fx.  Hrown,  to  hv  ft  Minor  Canon  of  OrUale. 
Rev.  W.  G.  AUfr**fv  SouOieaBe  R.  Sussex. 
Rev.  H.  Aslir^  -       '  "  -rrinjrton  R.  l*inc» 
R*?v,T.  Bsx.i  ri  V.  Norf. 

Rev.  W.  J.  i=  Tirrold  R.  Derka. 

Rev.  w.  A    C     IN  y,^^':t  dtffttun -en-le-Fiefd* 

R,  Herb. 
Rf'v.  W.  K.  Clav,  Holy  Trinity  P.  C.  Ely. 
Rev.  R.  Cowplkiid,  Uinta  ajid  Weeford  P.  C 

StalTordishire. 
Rev.  J.  C.  Crawley,  St,  John'a  R.  CornwalL 
R^v.  C.  l*ay,  St.  awitbeii's  R,  Norwich. 
lU'v.  H.  Klfiott,  Cfl^itle  .Sowcrby  V.  Cuniberl. 
Rev.   W.  OrigifOn,  Wbinburgli   and  Weatfield 

R.  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  U.  Goest,  St.  Katharine's  V*  C.  North- 
am  ptou. 
Rev.  L  Guthrie,  Cranlcy  R.  ^lurey. 
Rev.  J.  Hutchiiiiioit,  Hiurton  P.  C.  StalL 
Rev.  r.  H.  Huriont  Tubncy  R.  Berks. 
Rev.  H.  B.  Joties,  St,  PauPs,  Werneth  P,  C. 

Cheshire. 
Rev.  R.  H,  Kinf?,  Broomswell  R-  Suffolk. 
Rev.  T.  Ktiox,  Ran  well  and  Ramsden  R,  R. 

Grays^  Kiflex. 
Rev.  it.  beifrh,  Hal  sail  R.  Lane. 
Rev.   E.  A.   Litton,   St.  'rUomaa's,  Stocktou 

Heath  P.  C  Cbe«hire. 
Rev,  9.  J.  Lott,  Bradniuch  P.  C.  Devon. 
Rev.  H.  M.  Marewell»  rrarnptonV.  Dorset. 
Rev.  J.  Middlcton,  Brotnpton  P.  C.  Yorksli. 
Rev.  C.  R.  Muaton,  St.  Jobo's  P.  C  Moubham, 

Bsaeic. 
Rev.  H.  L.O«wcU,  StouJton  P.  C.  Wora. 
Rev.  W,  Parkinson,  Lani^rnhoe  R.  Bftsea. 
Rer.  W.  Parks,  St.  Baniabaa  Opeuahaw  P.  G. 

Manchester. 
Rev.  R,  Pigot,  Longrittfre  P.  C.  Lane 
Rev.   E.   Richardson,   Trinity   Church  P.  C, 

Louth,  Line. 
Rev.  W,  Richardson,  Staioforth  P.  C.  Yorksb, 
Rcy,  L,  Sanders,  Wblmple  R.  I>evon. 
Rev.  J.  Sbaek|e\',  tistiaidwirk  V .  York. 
Rav,  J.  P.  i^imp'son,  Cix»fton  R.  York, 
Rev.  G.  W.  dtratton.  Aylc«ton  R.  Leic. 
Rev.  T,  Trevanion.  Whitby  P.  C,  York. 
Rer.  r.  B.  Tmm,  U^Vf  V.  Wilt*. 


86 


Rev.  J.  White,  SUlham  V.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  W.  Williams,  Upton  P.   C.    Southam, 
Warwickshire. 


Pre/ernienls. —  Births . 


[Jan. 


Chaplains. 
Rev.  W.  Caras,  to  the  Dake  of  Manchester. 
Rev.  F.  J.  H.  Rankin,  to  Her  Majesty's  settle- 
ments in  the  Gambia. 


Civil  Prsferments. 

Rev.  William  Thompson,  to  be  Principal  of  St. 

Kdmund  hall,  Oxford. 
Rev.  Dr.  Jelf,  to  be  Principal  of  King's  Col- 

lege,  London. 
Rev.  H.  MelvilU  to  be  Principal  of  the  Hon. 

Bast  India  Company's  College   at  Hailey- 

bnry. 
Rev.  W.  Singleton,  M.A.  to  be  Principal  of 

Kingston  College,  Hull. 
A.  Basther,  esq.  B.A.  to  be  Vice-principal  of 

the  Collegiate  School,  Huddersfield,  Yorksh. 
John  Robert  Kenvon,  esq.  D.C.L.,  Fellow  of 

An  Souls,  to  be  Vinerian  Professor  of  Com- 
mon Law  at  Oxford. 
Mr.  George  Weidemann,  Fellow  of  Catharine 

Hall,  Ckmb.  to  be  Professor  of  Bishop's  Col- 
lege, Calcutta. 
Rev.  G.  C.  Hodgkinson,  M.A.  to  be  Second 

Master  of  the  Granunar  School,  Bury  St. 

Bdmund's. 
Rev.  A.  Anderson,  M.A.  to  be  Master  of  the 

Diocesan  School  at  Newport. 
The  Rev.  W.  J.  Kennedy,  M.A.  (Cnrate  of 

Kensington),  to  be  SecreUry  of  the  National 

Society: 
Sir  Augustus  Callcott,  R.A.  to  be  Keeper  of 

Her  Majesty's  Pictures. 
C.  L.  Kastlake,  esq.  R.A.  to  be  Inspector  of 

the  National  GaUery. 

BIRTHS. 
Nor,  6.    At  GibralUr,  on  board  the  Great 
Liverpool,  the  wife  of  Major  T.  T.  Pears,  C.  B. 

a  dau. 16.  At  Pearl-hill,  near  Sonthampton, 

the  Hon.  Mrs.  Harris,  a  son. 17.  At  Dur- 
ham, Viscountess  Chelsea,  a  dau. 30.   At 

Naples,  the  wife  of  Mijor  Darby  Griffith,  dan. 

of  the  Hon.  Baron  Dimsdale,  a  dau. 91.  At 

Stallbrd-house,  the  Duchess  of  Sutherland,  a 

son. At  Cranhill-house,  near  Bath,  the  wife 

of  Simon  Digby,  esq.  a  dan. 23.  In  Dublin, 

the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Sidney  Smith,  D.D.  a  son. 

35.  At  Femhill.  Shropsh.  the  Hon.  Mrs. 

Lovett,  a  son. At  Warham  Rectory,  Nor- 
folk, the  wife  of  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  lliomas 

Keppel,  a  sou. In  Portman-sq.  the  Hon. 

Mrs.  Adderley,  a  dau. 28.  At  dt.  Helen's, 

Derby,  the  wife  of  Kdward  Strutt,  esq.  M.P.  a 

son. At  Cahir,  Tipperary,  the  wife  of  Col. 

Vandeleur,  10th  Hussars,  a  son. 29.  At  Im- 

berhome,  near  Eastgrinstead,  Sussex,  the  wife 

of  Frederick  C.  Worsley,  esq.  a  dau. At 

Clifton,  the  wife  of  C.  T.  Alleyne,  esq.  a  son. 

30.  The  wife  of  Robert  Bristow,  esq. 

Broxmore-park,  Wilts,  a  son  and  heir. 

Lateljf,  In  Grenville-st.  Brunswick-sq.  the 
wife  or  Harry  Selfe  Selfe,  eso.   Recorder  of 

Newbury,  a  son. ^The  wife  of  B.  A.  Holden, 

esq.  of  Astou-hall,  co.  Derby,  a  son. At 

Bolton-le-Moors,  the  wife  of  Ueut.-Col.  Malet, 

a  son. At  Seend,  Wilts,  the  wife  of  Ludlow 

llruges,  esq.  Ute  M.P.  for  Bath,  a  dau. 

Dec.  1.  At  Longwood,  HanU,  the  Countess 
of  Northcsk,  a  son  and  heir. 2.  At  Broad- 
lands,  near  Romsey,  the  Viscountess  Jpcelyn, 

a  dau.^ At  Formosa^rottage,  Berks,  the  lady 

of  Sir  George  Young,  Bart,  a  |;on-— -«;  At 
Peainore,  tfie  wife  of  Samuel  Trehawke  Keke- 
^>ch,  esq.  a  dau. At  Fftrieigh-cwitle,  So- 

»«f»«t,  the  wift  Of  H^wry  BwkenrlUe,  c»q. « 


dau. 6.   At  W^okefield-park,  Berks,  the  wife 

of  Robert  Allfrey,  esq.  a  son. At  East 

Sheen,  Surrey,  the  wife  of  Francis  Ommanney. 

esq.  a  dau. At  Holywell-house,  Hants,  the 

wire  of  Thomas  fiourke,  eso.  a  son  and  heir. 

7.  At  Clarens  on  the  Lake  of  Geneva,  the 

wife  oi  the  Hon.  Fred.  Pelham,  Capt.  R.N.  a 

son. 8.  At  Bearwood,  Berks,  the  wife  of 

John  Walter,  inn.  esq.  a  dau. 9.  At  Barking 

vicarage,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Robert  Uddell,  a  son. 

^The  wife  of  W.  H.  Hull,  esq.  of  Marpool- 

house,  near  Kxmonth,  a  son  and  heir. 

10.  Mrs.  William  J.  Thoms,  of  Marsham-st. 
Westminster,  a  son. 


MARRIAGES. 

Sept,  90.  At  Nnsseerabad,  Uent.  Matthew 
Ward,  4th  Bengal  Cav.  (Lancers),  third  son  of 
William  WaniT  esq.  of  Connaught-ter.  late 
M.P.  for  the  City  of  London,  to  Mary-Ann, 
eldest  dan.  of  Capt.  S.  Nash,  of  the  same  regt. 
He  died  seven  days  after.    See  p.  110. 

Oct.  10.  At  Kaioa,  Guxxerat,  the  Rev.  Geo. 
Loacombe  Allen,  to  Sarah,  third  dau.  of  the 
late  Thomas  Parkinson,  esq.  of  Brook-st.  and 
Kemsing,  Kent. 

90.  At  Calcutta,  Francis  BuUer  Teinpler, 
esq.  of  her  Mi^esty's  regt.  and  only  son  ofF.  J. 
Tempter,  esq.  of  Columbo,  Ceylon,  to  Rmroa, 
eldest  dan.  of  Thomas  K.  M.  Tnrton,  esq.  Re- 
gistrar of  the  Supreme  Court. 

ao.  At  Walmer,  Simon  Watson  Taylor,  esq. 
of  Edinburgh,  to  Lady  Charlotte  Hay,  dau.  of 

the  Marquess  of  Tweeddale. At  Bombay, 

Capt.  W.  C.  Barker,  commanding  the  Hon. 
Company's  steamer  Victoria,  to  Miss  Strong, 
niece  of  John  Pinder,  esq.  oi  York-gate,  Re- 
gent's-park. 

31.  At  Enfield,  Middlesex,  Edward  Cafe 
Tyte,  esq.  of  Harrow,  eldest  son  of  Capt. 
Tyte,  R.N.  to  Fanny,  youngest  dau.  of  William 
Henry  Holt,  esq.  of  Enfield,  M.D. ^At  Mil- 
ton, Kent,  WilUam  Lee,  esq.  Capt.  R.M.  to 
Mary-Anne,  youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Capt. 

Mundell,  Ogth  regt. At  Tor,  the  Rev.  T. 

Shelford,  Rector  of  Lamboume,  Essex,  to 
Bliia-Jane.  dau.  of  the  late  Count  de  Vismes, 
of  Bsmoutb,  and  relict  of  J.  Kane,  esq.  ot 

Withvcombe,  Devon. ^At  St.  Gluvias,  Jas. 

Henderson,  esq.  Royal  Dock-yard,  Devonport, 
to  Margaret-Anne,  dan.  of  William  Kirkncss, 
esq. of  CemickjComwaU. 

Lateljf,  At  Florence,  the  Hon.  H.  Dudley 
Ward  to  Eleanor-Lonisa,  dau.  of  T.  Hawkes, 

esq.  M.  P. At   Lewlsham,   Malor   A.   B. 

Stransham,R.M.,toBlixa,dau.  of  H.  Coombe, 

esq. At  Portsmouth.  Viscount  Kenmure, 

to  Mary.  Anne,  dau.  of  the  late  James  Wildey, 
esq  ^— At  Berne.  Hugh  Montgomery,  esq.  to 
Maria,  dau.  of  tne   Kupon  de  Feilenberg.— - 


up  rrucwyr,  oan. 

of  Langley-park,  Norfolk. ^The  Rev.  Henry 

Glynne,  brother  of  Sir  Stephen  Olynne,  Bart. 
M.P.  to  the  Hon.  Miss  Lavinia  Lyttelton,  dau. 
of  the  Dowager  Lady  Lyttleton,  and  niece  to 
Eart  Spencer. At  Brighton,  Wm.  Easter- 
ton,  esq.  of  Manor-hoote,  CbelaeiL  to  Anne, 
relict  of  John  Allen  Cooper,  esq.  formerly  of 
Comberwell-park.  WilU. 

Nor.  1.  At  Finsbury  Chapel,  Charles  C. 
Hennell,  esq.  of  Hackney,  to  Elisabeth- 
Rebecca,  dau.  of  R.  H.  Brabant,  esq.  M.  D.  of 

Devixes. At  Dovercourt,  Lieut.  Thomas 

Wood,  R.N.  to  Sosannali,  only  dau.  of  Lient. 

Stephens,  R.N.  of  Dovercourt. At   Daw- 

lish,  the  Rev.  James  Hoare  Moor,  M.A. of 
Magdalen  Coll.  Oxf.,  to  Emma-Jane,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  O.  G.  Maitlan^;  Madras 
European  Regt. — At  the  British  Embassy, 
Vienna,  the  Earl  of  SMburne,  to  the  Uoq, 


»«♦.} 


Marriage$. 


ffl 


WmStf  fiplilM&oae  ite  FlahAult,  eldest  dtu.  of 

1|eOMii&de>lahAnir,  rrcii  b  Ambassador  at 

1^1    '    ■    i:   ^■■'  ••ntl  Naiid. 

I  *    I  !*»%  t'«q»  of 

,  co.  Lcicc^tvr,  to  Fniiicrs- 

-i%  tUa,  lit  W.  J,  CarapiOTi, 

1.  M  stcj>Di»).  Mr.  \Va»cy  Junes  Xc»mati» 
#  JkKpm  V%ifk,  St,  Ojryth.  l-^ue^t  fiiurth 
Wtt  of  tlie  Ute  Kev,  John  Nfwiitaat  M.it. 
War  o#  Witluun  Ami  niiUl^rditrb,  to  £iiima- 
Htria*   onlf  dan.  of  Mr.   Robert  L^ixi^,  of 

Opwtl^^ctoQ- ^x\t  Ardovne,  tUr  Hev.  L.  K. 

li.  Clarke,  Rector  of  Kmn<>r^J€'y,  »oii  of 
J.  A.  G-  Oirke,  efu.  of  Kimif rj^Uy  CAi^tle. 
Ilff^nl»li«  to  IsabclJa-Horatia,  third  lUu.  of 


CK  AouoMP*  Butler,  BAft.  of  Bsillin    lemple, 

ea  GvlfiV' At  IJwllnw,  \V.  Martin,  r«'i.  of 

Ka»i  f '•*-!: luiin,  Kent,  to  Amit  secojjil  dan.  of  W* 

'  M\.  of  lladlon.^ — -At  Lf-wtahnm, 

•ny  U.  i>lriiusbani,  K.M,  lo  Eliita, 

f  ll^rvev  CtMnnli*,  c,*q. At  Sit* 

ry  Myers,  esq,  of  Miltou^tt. 

^ry,  dkii.  of  tlic  late  Wtlliaia 

—At  I**(ldiii)rton.  tiK'  llcv, 

[fftuaJ  L'urati?  of  Pfiikridg^c^ 

son  of  J,  ^,  i?alt,  i'Mi,  of 

I  iiv.  -ik^rni.ii   (iati.  of  Henry 

1*1.  Hul€  Park. 

; )  Brov»  n,  M,A., 

i  .  -    ,.  .       ,  Curtain  road,  to 

Uarw,   ddr^t  dau.    uf   tlic    Lord    Ul^hop  Of 
Lsudofu 

Kf    \iiirJ!n.i,.iiirii    <ir[i||^ii  Brown,  e#q. 

lu  tn   Eliaabetb, 

Brown,  esq-  of 

**.-.        .»i  "  '^.  Hanover- 

I  Bulk  Hey    I  ■[.  of  the 

H«2t.  to  »  dan,  of 

Jolin  B.ii.v . ,    ,  .. ...  .^1  Hiorpc- 

Wh'  and  of  Wc^stbonrnt'i  ^uj^Kex. 
oath,  Georjre  L.  Nortock,  esq. 
S,  St.  ViuceJitf  Fortiimouth,  tu 
V,  Htet  dau.  of  till'  Intu   Major 

Hiutsani. At  Hrriniidda,  tlip 

..^.i..    ii„^...      w,„  .i,..r   of    tlie 

t  of  Lieut, 

litest  dau. 

I    fif  tboiic 

i  ..i;.  1  Vrcad 

.-r-i  ...I!  i.f  the 

.   .  .u<  V,  ijt    Muiidniilf 

I     01  the   kte  S^iiijuel 

uy-hal I,  Cheshire,  and 

,_,Jllti-»JUU:^l-t  IJrcii    Liii^ruool. 

0*    AlAllJSoiuls*,  iJing^uarn-pI,  WilUain  Jaii. 

Hin^naT  «^-  c^f  FatrHcId^  Uamible- 

n,-^r,  »t*.Kf-.-..    . . -ti^c-it  dan,  of  the 

r  Yapton  House, 

ic   Kev.    lleiuy 

,   iii^^i...^^ .,  .  L  .  .>'  ifiiifttiii,  to  Pris- 

iiii,  of  ttie  laie  4aiDi.s  Wilkinson,  ea<i.  of 


.  envtock^  the  Rev,  Charles  Raikes 

son  of  Lietit.^tien.  Sir  Wilham  G. 

•nd  K,*Mt.  of  Tracey  Pnrk,  Glonc. 

'    rounffej<t  dan.  of  Ale,x» 

t(,  Wiltf,  and  urand- 

ij>  of  Uftlb  and   Well-^* 

M   T  «  -    -^^  vkar  of 

'  Hll,»erond 

.|,of  Bir- 

fbc  PieJds, 

,  to  tjouisa, 

C,  B.  30th 

1  j,„    Hyie 

jine- 

iWijMMr,..^, .,-...-....  ;... ^.  w. 

ringTattif  t*f    KiUbewford,    VVorr. At     Hor- 

LjitKwl,  tUr  Rev,  W.  ILCarwUUen,  M.A,  Rector 


of  Challacombe,  to  Lotiiiia^  Albert  ina,  seen^nd 
dau,  of  thy  Hcv,  J,  Dcne^  of  Hork^^VH]  Ituuie, 

At  Barnstaple,  the  Hev,  Jo*  Uby 

Bryjin,  Rector  of  t'liddesdeii,  !  :en- 
BusanuA,  dan,  of  the  late  Keii ,  "^lar- 
Bhalil^  Hector  of  Bow.^— .\t  GriUistnnt,  Nor- 
folk, tlieRev,  W.  C.  Fearon,  MA.  of  Sr.  John'ti 
Coll.  C^mbride,  to  Klixa,  eldest  *laif.  of  th« 
Rev.  ^Vm.  Fortfo,  M.  A,,  Rector  of  Kitifif*a 
Stnnleyt  Gloucesler»liire.- — At  Stepney,  IL 
P.  West,  esq.  to  Harah,  dau,  of  Cjipl.  Towns- 
end,  <30th  Rifle  Corpii. At  Briffhton,  George 

M.  Livesay,  esq.  to  Heiiriotta-Phylia  f  and  at 
the  &atne  time  J.  R,  lllaruond,  esq,  voiinf^est 
son  of  W,  B.  Diamond,  esq.  to  Amelia,  daus. 
of  tl)e  late  Horace  Ellis,  esq.  of  llof  ihnm.— ^ 
At  St.  GcorsreX  UIooin»four>%  1 1 ti^h  Lennox, 
second  «on  of  H.  H.  Mortiiu'er,  es<u  of  l?pper 
Tooting,  to  Klixa-WatKonr  second  dati.  of  the 
iRte  Charles  BartrutOt,  tan*  of  Peckhaiu. 

».  At  IJucklaiid,!<urrev,  Rev.  Henry  Samuel 
Kyre,  M.A,  eldest  son  of  Walnote  Kyre,  esiq, 
of  BryatiHton-sq.  to   MariaUbftrlotle,  second 

dm.  of  the  lato  John  C-arbonell,  cs<). At 

Camberwell,  Joseph  Tritton,  esq.  of  Olnev 
Lodjre»  Battcrsea,  tn  Amelia,  dau,  of  Joseph 
lluiison,  esq.  of  tlie  Grove,  Ciniberwcll.— ^ 
At  Madron,  Oeorije  UeriTii*  John,  esq.  soli' 
eilor,  of  Penzance,  to  Wilmot-Annf,  only 
daw.  of  the  late  George  Hichens,  esq,  of  Pen- 
lance,— At  Mointon,  NorthaiDptonalu  the  Rev, 
W.  A.  Frances,  M.A.  Carate  of  Pag^leAham, 
Essex,  to  Emily,  second  dau.  of  the  Rev.  S, 
B.  Ward,  Rector  of  Qui n ton. — ^At  Swana^, 
the  Rev.  T.  Grey  Clarke,  to  ^tatllda-Barbara, 
dau.  of  .Mrs.  Coventry,  of  the  Grove,  Swaniupe. 

9.  At  C4jmntoii  Vidi^nce,  the  Rev,  Ed- 
ward Wil*on.  Vicar  of  Whitchurch  Canoni- 
corum,,  iJorset,  to  Aniie-I>oiii»a  Wardj  dau.  of 
the  late  Bishop  of  8odor  and  Mati.^— At 
Riilinhur^h,  Jas.  Matbeson,  esq.  of  Achany, 
M.P.  for  Ap*bbnrton,  to  Mary.Janc,  fourth 
dau.  of  the  late  Michael  tlenry  Perceval,  esq, 

At  Tunbrid;?e  Welta,  Capt.  G,  S.  Meynoldfl, 

R,X.   to  Eli/a.riusatiiiali,  strond  dan.  of  the 

late  Janjci*  Walker,  esq.  of  llLacktieath. At 

Trinity  Church,  Marylcbone,  Ediimiid  Ludlow, 
e^q.  of  Weymouth'Bt.  Portlaod-pL  to  Mrs. 
Rooke,  late  of  Renm,  Hert'*,  — At  Amster- 
dam, and  on  the  following  day  at  the  Ha^ue, 
John'Le<^nard  Wollenbcck,  esq.  to  Elizabeth^ 
Grant,  younarcist  dau.  of  the  late  Francis  Bor- 
row, eaui.  of  BoclieHter,  Kent. 

13.  First  acconliu^  to  the  ritei  of  the  Ca- 
tholic Clmrch,  and  afterwards  at  Leamiorton, 
Baron  .Idolph  Phtlipp  llrnest  de  Weilcr,  rlrst 
Licat.  of  the  Ist  reg^t.  of  Uranus,  iu  the  aer- 
vice  of  the  Grand  T>ukc  of  Itaden,  to  Louisa, 
dau,  of  the  bte  W'illiaui  Le  Blanc,  esq.  of  Pip- 
pill)fford-lo*lJ^:e,  Sussex. 

It.  At  Stonehouso,  Lieut.  Harry  P.  Veitch, 
of  HM.ri.  K\cellent,  to  Georriana -Umanney, 
youngeflt  dau,  of  Capl»  J.  Lawrence,  C,B., 

ILN. ^At  Saxmundhani,  ijuffolk,  Jane,  fourth 

dan.  of  tlie  late  John  Woods,  est],  of  Darnham 
CottAfe,  to  Edward  Lubbock,  esq.  M.D.  of 

Norwich, ^At  St.  Margitret^s,  Westminster, 

Henrv  Macg^regor  Clark,  esq,  to  Anue^  dau.  of 
David  Haberlson,  esq.  of  Great  Georye-street, 

Wcsslnijnster. George,  fourth  son  of  Wil- 

liani'Mitchell  Inuett.  csn].  of  Parson 's^Rreen, 
near  Ediiibiirg-b,  to  Alary-Litliaa,  eldest  dun. 
t>f  the  Ucv.  I'jilwin  Sandys  Luintviljiine,  of 
LunvAdaine,  and  rector  or  Cpfier  Hanlrea, 
Kent. — -At  York,  Thomas  Garnet t,  an.  of 
Biogley,  to  Mar^ret,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  John 
liple,  .M.A.  rector  of  ftunsin^ore.  and  sitter  of 
the  Rev.  J,  Ojfle,  M.A,  rei'tor  of  iloston, 

15.  At  Craigrdarroch,  Dumfricfl^hirei  Jolm 
George  Jarvis.  c:ant.  sad  Lii;bt  Inf.  third  son 
of  Col.  Jarvis,  of  tHHldtiiprton  Hall,  UiKOluah. 
to  Philadelphia,  youugest  dau-  of  ilie    tate 


88 


Marruiffes. 


[Jan. 


Gtoorge  H.  Jenkin,  mu  and  ntoet  of  li|Sor- 

Oen.  VerguMaou, At  Fttrnlum.  the  Rev. 

John  Mannoir  Sumner,  Hector  of  North  Wal- 
tham,  Hants,  to  Mary,  accond  dan.  of  CoL  Le 
Gonteor,  Aide-de-Gamp  to  Her  Hi^eaty,  and 

ViMX>unt  of  Jeraer. At  FlnchteT,  the  Rev. 

B.O.  Bendall,  of  Ktnr*e-wood,  OloQceeterdi.  to 
Bmma,  second  dan.  of  T.  C  Newman,  esq.  of 
Fftllow-lodffe,  Finchley. 

16.  At  Brighton,  the  Rer.  F.  M.  Connincr- 
bam,  second  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Cunnini^- 
ham,  Vicar  of  Harrow,  to  Alice,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  (ate  and  sister  of  the  present  Sir  Bdward 

Foore,  bart.  of  Cofftaals,  Hants. ^At  St.  Dnn- 

ttan*8,  William  Woodgate,  esq.  of  Greenwich, 
to  Marr,  younger  dan.  of  C   Haselar,  esq. 

M.R.C.B.  of  Cranbrook. ^At  Stoke  Damerel, 

Thomas  Edward  Gawes  Moore,  esq.  Lieut,  of 
H.M.8.  Osledonia,  to  Bmma^ane,  third  dau. 
of  the  late  Lieut.  Tftnlen,  R.N.  of  Plymouth. 
——At  Cheltenham,  Henry  Adolphos  Shuck- 
boif  h,  esu.  Capt.  40th  Bengal  Nat.  Inf.  young- 
est son  of  the  late  Sir  Stewkley  Shuckburgh, 
Bart,  (and  brother  of  the  present  Sir  FVanctt,) 
of  Shuckburgh-park,  Warwickshire,  to  Sarah- 
Sliabeth,  dan.  of  the  late  William  Dwarris, 
esq.  of  Golden-grove,  Jamaica. 

18.  At  Banll^  N.B.  Peter  Macarthur,  esq. 
of  Malda,  Bengal,  to  Christina  A.  youngest 
dau.  of  Capt.  Macgregor,  Banff. 

11.  At  Southmolton,  the  Rev.  Cliarles  Mel- 
hnish.  Rector  of  High  Bray,  to  Kliia,  dau.  of 
tiie  late  A.  Venn,  esq.  of  Rnding,  and  niece 

of  Wm.  Venn,  esq.  of  Southmolton. ^At 

Heavitree.  8.  Savile  Shepherd,  esq.  of  Exeter, 
to  Anne.  dan.  of  the  late  Rev.  Edward  Houl- 
^tch,  of  Woolcombe,  near  Wellington,  Soroer- 

■et. At  Bristol,  Andrew  Martin,  esq.  son  of 

the  late  Rev.  John  Martin,  D.D.  of  Kirkcaldy, 
Flfeshire,  to  Bomia-Matilda,  dau.  of  the  late 

John  Roberts,  esq.  of  Bristol. At  Bedford, 

the  Rev.  James  C  Mallalieu,  Moravian  minis- 
ter, Pertenhall,  to  Harriet,  dan.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Ignatius  Montgomery,  niece  of  James 
Montgomery,  esq.  the  poet,  and  sister  of  the 
Rev.  James  Montgomoy.  minister  of  the  Mo- 
ravian establishment,  Bedford. ^The  Rev. 

John  Alcherly  Ashley,  to  Sarah-TheophlU. 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  E.  Jermyn,  rector  of 
Cariton  Colvillc,  Suffolk. 

as.  At  Easeboum,  Sussex,  Henry  E.  Dray- 
•son.  esq.  second  son  of  William  Dravson,  esq. 
of  Brompton,  near  Chatham,  late  of  Waltham 
Abbey,  to  Rosina^ane,  Younjrer  dau.  of  Tho- 
mas Hills,  esq.  Lieut.  R.N.  orHolder-hill.  Sus- 
sex.  At  Chisledoa,  John  Sharp,  esq.  of  Wal- 
tham St.  Lawrence,  to  Marv-Anne,  eldest  dau. 

flf  Thomas  Brown,  esq.  of  Caversham. ^At 

West  Ham,  Essex,  Charles  Nash,  esq.  of  the 
Grangrc,  Hinxton,  Cambridgesh.  to  Catherine, 
dan.  of  the  tote  Robert  WayTcn,  esq.  of  Dcviies, 
Wilts. 

SB.  At  Croydon,  John  l*rice,  esq.  to  Rebecca, 
only  surviving  dan.  of  the  tote  William  Win- 
ter, esq.  of  Croydon. ^At  Kennington,  John 

WaDer  Hewett,  esq.  of  Fftreham,  Hants,  to 
Elixabeth-Catherine,  eldest  dau.  of  the  tote 
Gspt.  George  Couse,  Royal  Art. At  Mere- 
worth,  Kent,  Blades  Pislfister.  esq.  of  Graves- 
end,  to  Charlotte.  9d  dan.  of  the  tote  John 

Goodwill,  esq.  of  Mereworth. At  St.  Mary- 

lebone,  ueoige  Nelson,  esq.  of  Buckingham, 
to  Georgiana-susannah,  dau.  of  AlAvd  Umney, 

esq.  of  Stone-cott-hiU,  Surrey. At  St.  Mary- 

lebone,  William  Price,  esq.  of  Richmond,  Sur- 
rey, to  AmeUa-Hannah.  dan.  of  the  tote  John 

O.  Ravenshaw,  esq.  of  Hartoy-st. ^At  Wa- 

tergrasB-hill,  Bertie  Bntwisle  Jarvis,  esq. 
Member  of  Council  at  Antlgna.  to  Lncy, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  tote  Kilner  Bruier,  esti. 
of  Sunt>n-hill,  co.  Cork,  and  Rivers,  co.  Lime- 
rick.  ^At    Richmond,    Sorrey,    William 

11 


fat,  eaq.  tote  of  the  Bengal  Civil  Serv.  to 
i-Bdmnnda,  second  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Tho- 

Boordilkm. ^At  Pofanailly,  in  Glen 

Urqnhart,  the  residence  of  Gen.  Cameron, 
Gspt.  Brown,  of  the  late  4th  Ceylon  r^.  to 
Margaret,  dan.  of  the  late  Alexander  Manson, 

esq.  of  Tain. At  Billesley.  the  Rev.  Francis 

George  Jackson,  only  son  of  Sir  George  Jack- 
son, 1LC.H.  to  Maria-Blaii^aretta,  youngest 
dan.  of  the  Rev.  F.  Fortescoe  Knottesford .  of 
Alveston-manor,  and  Rector  of  Billesley,  War- 
wkkMk, 

25.  At  Upper  HoUoway,  Richard  Smales, 
esq.  of  the  Terrace,  Walworth,  to  Catherine- 
Bhxabeth,  only  child  of  the  late  Rev.  William 
Ctoyton,  Principal  of  the  Mill-hill  Grammar 

School. ^At  All  Souto',  Langbam-pl.  WiUtom. 

eldest  son  of  Fergus  James  Graham,  esq.  to 
Dorothea,  only  dan.  of  R.  H.  Holtond,  esq.  of 
Holles-st.  Cavendish-sg. 

17.  At  Liverpool,  Edgar  Corrie,  esq.  Jun. 
to  Helen,  second  dau.  of  Joseph  Pilkington 

Brandreth,  esq.  M.D. At  Leamington,  the 

Rev.  Frederick  Coortenay  Chahners,  tote  of 
the  Madras  Army,  to  Matilda-Harriet,  second 
dan.  of  the  Rev.  William  Marsh,  D.D.  Incum- 
bent of  St.  Mary's.  Leamington. 

IB.  The  Ear!  of  March,  eldest  son  of  the 
Duke  of  Richmond/ to  Frances-Harriet,  eldest 

dau.  of  Alj^mon  Greville,  esq. At  Streat- 

ham,  Daniel,  eldest  son  of  Thomas  Langton, 
esq.  West-hill,  Wandsworth,  Surrey,  to  Emma, 
second  dau.  of  James  Wilson,  esq.  Balham- 

hill. At  St.  George*s,   Bloomsbury,  John 

Kendal,  esq.  to  Jane,  youngest  dau.  or  the  tote 

Martin  Hind,  esq. At  St.  George's,  Hano- 

ver-sq.  Robert  Jenner,  esq.  Lieut.  R.N.  third 
son  of  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Herbert  Jenner 
Fust,  to  Selina-Helen,  youngest  dau.  of  the 

late  James  Jameson,  esq.  or  Calcutta. ^At 

St.  Andrew's  Undershaft,  London,  John  Hun- 
gerford  Grifln,  esq.  Capt.  Royal  Art.  to  Ann- 
Augusta,  eldest  dan.  or  John  Gunner,  esq.  of 

the  Crescent,  America-sq. ^At  Ansty,  Henry 

William  Adams,  of  Ansty  Hall,  Warwicksh. 
Companion  of  the  Bath.  Lieot.-Col.  of  the  18th 
Royal  Irish,  to  Katherine,  second  dau.  of  the 

Rev.  T.  Coker  Adams.  Vicar  of  Ansty. At 

Ripon.  the  Rev.  John  Wilbraham  Hill,  M  JL  of 
Broughton,  Flintsh.  second  son  of  John  Hill, 
esf|.  of  Standish  Hall,  Lancash.  and  Attorney- 
Gen,  of  the  Chester  Circuit,  to  Maria-Frances, 
only  dan.  of  H.  R.  Wood,  esq.  of  HoUin  HaU, 

Yorksh. At  Prestbury,  Cheshire,  the  Rev. 

WOUam  Hinson,  Minister  of  Sutton  Church, 
Macclesfield,  to  Margaret-Jane,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  tote  Philip  Antrobus,  esq.  of  Bollington, 
Cheshire. 

19.  At  Cheltenham,  J.  N.  Balme,  esq.  of 
Leeds,  to  Louisa,  dau.  of  James  Newman  Tan- 
ner, esq.  of  Sherwell  Honse.  Plymouth. At 

Woodborough,  T.  E.  Simpkins,  esq.  of  Abling- 
ton,  to  Martha-Brown,  eldest  dau.  of  John 

Clift,  esq. At  Cannington,  Somerset,  the 

Rev.  Charles  Deedes,  Rector  of  West  Camel, 
to  Letitia-Anne.  eldest  dau.  of  the  Hon.  P. 

Pleydell  Bouverie. At  St.  George's.  Hano- 

▼er-sq.  David  Wilson,  esq.  smgeon,  of  Eccles- 
ton^.  to  Sarah,  dau.  ttf  the  tote  Francis 
Ayerst,  esq.  of  Brompton,  Kent. At  Kint- 


to  Sarah,  dau.  tif 

Ajciat,  esq.  of  Brompton,  1 

bnry,  James  Contts  Crawford,  esq.  of  Overton, 
Lanarkshire,  only  son  of  the  tote  Capt.  Craw- 
ford, R.N.  to  Sophto,  youngest  dan.  of  Admiral 
Dnndu,  C.B.,  M.P.,  andnmnd-dao.of  the  tote 

Lord  Amesbury. ^At  Chelsea,  Gapt.  Thomas 

Coleman,  R.N.  to  Eliza-Ann.  eUlest  dau.  of 
the  tote  Joseph  Robert  Bullock,  esq.  Commto- 
sarv  Gen.  of  Her  Mi^esty's  Forces. 

ao.  At  St.  James's,  Edward  S.  Donner,  esq. 
of  Scarbro*,  co.  York,  to  Maria-Sophia,  only 
dan.  of  the  tote  Thomas  Dove,  esq.  of  Guild- 
ford, Surrey.— —At  All  Sonto',  George  Green, 


16440 


Marrifjgei. 


f  r  Hurlef'St*  to  Ctroline,  relict  of 

V  "p^,  p^.  of  Ashant  Purk^  Kenl* 

— At  Mdbiiry  Ahbas,  Dor- 

;r,  es4i.  of  Coombf  Priory* 

^'^  wia,  eldest  flail,  of  (lie  R€V. 

J  I  A  lAni>,  of  Mclbury  Abbas. At 

\.      I.  I     i-^,tjil)bon  N>  Walker,  eaq.toMary- 
All      ^'^ i  'lau.  of  Jobn  Johuisoiii  eaq.  of 

l.Mt£hf,    At  Munich,  id  the  Protestant  Ger- 

ttti  n  Cntirrh,  urul  afterward*  at  the  Drjli«li 
>1  ito  Vog^t  de  HunalN 

*'  Aitl-ile-Cfinip   to  the 

K  s.Man,  dau.  of  WiU 

HajTi  \  ^s&ry-Gen.  to  ber  .Ma- 

jesty*^ son  of  the  Ute  Rev* 

John   I  new  of  C.  B.  Lawton, 

q,  of  Lrt^ftoii  n.ill,  to  EmUy^Annc,  vounffest 
UK  of  the  laie  Thru,  Le^h*  eso.  of  Addinrtotl- 
- At  r!io  Cuptof  (iood  Hope,  WiMiarii- 
i.  only  SOD  of  tbe  Utu  Major 
lire,  H.  B.  I.  C.^-  to  Jobaiina- 
^^est  dau,  of  A-  ^Lhiappiiii, 
v^ebonc,  R»  H.  Pratl,  esq  to 
i  L'»  seootid  dau.  of  J'j  bn  Car- 

:ir  I.1W At  St.  Mary 4c- 

"f  Kensinffton, 
^t.  Edmund's, 

I.  of  Maltsi, 

.  Vuikibire.  tlit  Rev. 

r  of  ii^uncbrlaiub   to 

.  flobert  Gray,  MA* 

St  and  eldes^t  dan.  of 

r  ilLshoij-Wearmotitb. 

tbe   Rev*   Joku    IK 

!    Ituibey-healli,  Herts,  to 

yo unrest    daii.    of    Jobn 

Hatfield,  late  or  Jamaica. 

ijri  Stewart^  esq.  of  CMio^an- 

^idow  of  William  Tyrrell, 

IJtTon,  W.   R, 

ard,   Eftstferry, 

-t  tlau.  of  the 

.»h. 

lacdonald 

L*  n  ofCapt. 

LJurtiucr,  ii.^s\  to  llarv-Khia*  t^ldcAt  dau.  of 

tUUi  Rear-Adm,  Hancock,  C.B, At  Gljr- 

»rlck,  Yorkshire,  the  Rev.  Jobn  5tan»feld. 
at  Ktn  of  Robert  atativfeld,  esq,  of  Fielil 
,  near  Halifax,  to  EUiabeth,  eldeitt  dau. 
a  BtrkbHeck.  esu,  of  Auley  Hoini!e»  near 

til*. At  Derby,  the  Ven.  John  Kusbton, 

ebdeacon  of  Manchester,  and  Incuinbent  of 
[ewchurcli,  in  Pendle,  Vv|iaik»v,  Ltnca^iibtri', 
>  Heorietta,  eldest  dan.  of  \Villiam  Leaper 

lewt«n»  e9*j,  of  Leylanda,  near  Derby. At 

MS,  Henry,  only  son  of  H.  Saimdersj  esoi. 
er,  to  Jane-Ann,  only  dau.  of  J.  \V.  Wall, 
solicitor.- — At  Westbuo  -upon-Trymt  the 
11,  A,  Hughes.  A.M.  of  Ci&nnaboroufcbf 
V  of  Hen n.' Quint yne 
rv  Hill,  Gloncestcr»b. 
I     ^ii  l».  Raincock,  esq.  of 
i  .t',  lo  Ebiabeth-Hrain,  only 

ttic  late  B.  1$.  QuareL*>sq.  of 

.M  .  M^sex. At  Lf)09e,  WillWi 

JliHin ,  eb«4.  third  ion  of  the  Her.  George 
Hoore,  Prpbendary  of  Cimterbiiry,  to  Anne, 
iro  init'-.-i  s]au.  of  the  late  Walter  Jones,  esq.  of 
t  .  CO,  l^eitrim,  Ireland,  ajjdHaj'le*- 

I  AT  HanimersTnith,  Charles  Cocks 

:    rurnhniii   tireen,   to  (liarlotte, 
ksbaiik.  K.ll.of  Bath, 
rrle«i  Johnson,  Rector 
ilirent,  &c.  and  Preben- 

VVtiiU, Ai  .Mary  lebonc  New  Church, 

rfurd  HarriMon,  esq.  of  Percy-«it.  Bed- 
1.  and  of  Stoke,  Devon,  to  JeAHle-Hiy, 
OiJfT.  Mas.  You  XXL 


dau.  of  TtiomosCory  Hftwkes,  esq.  of  Oke- 
httmpton,  Devon. 

6.  At  Bath,  Capt>  Orrosby,  Indian  Navy,  to 
Anne  Jane,  second  dau,  of  Capt.  Leigh  Lye,  of 
Bath.— At  -St.  PancrJifl  New  Church,  Baron 
Alfred  de  Zedtwiii,  of  Dresden,  to  Miss  Gould, 

of  thu  Crescent,   S«iithanipton. At  Little 

Alunden,  HeDrj.Edward.  second  sou  of  Robert 
iSurtees,  esq.  of  Redwortli  House,  co.  Durhaoi, 
late  of  the  J 0th  Hu'isars,  to  Elita-Suell,  onlv 
dau.  of  Charles  Chauncy,  esq.  of  Dane  End, 

Herts, At  St.Georj;e''»,  Hanover- su. Charles, 

son  of  BaJdffin  Diippa  Dupiwi,  esq,  of  Hollinff- 
botjrtie  House,  Kent,  to  Ellen-Pink,  dau»  of 
Alajor-Gen.  Faunce,  of  Caledonia-pL  Clifton. 

7.  At  Paddine^ton,  the  Rev.  Edward  Lut- 
wyclie  Davies,  M.A.  Incumbent  of  KJIpeck 
and  Jvendercburch^  Hcrefordsb.to  Ann  Hard- 
wick,  of  Ci-aveti- lull,  Hyde  I*ark-^rdeB«,  and 
yonnge?)t  dau.  of  the  late  William  Hardwickp 
esq.  of  Llang^arreu,  Herefordiihirc, — —At  St, 
John's,  Oxford-!q,the  Rev.  J. George  Venablen, 
MA.  of  Jesua  Coll.  t'anibridjce,  to  Caroline, 
widow  of  James  II.  Ilosken,  esq],  of  FJlecocIazer 
Cornwall,  and  youngest  dau.  of  tlielate  Lieut.- 
Col.  Sandys,  of  Lluiiarth  House,  same  county, 

At  Ctiflon,  the  Rev,  Charles  Boweu.  Lec- 

tnrer  of  Armley-in-Leefi«,  and  Chaplain  to 
Lord  BatemaB,  toCTbarlotte-EUiabpth,youn4Ecat 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Lesb  Richmonif,  Rector 
of  Tnrvey,  Beds.- — -At  Lewisham,  Fredeiick- 
Richard,  eldest  son  of  Richard  Parsons,  esq. 
of  Wootton  Bnssctt,  Wilts,  to  Jane,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  John  BirchanatI,  esq.  of  Walworth. 
At  Fawley,  Hants,  Commander  Graham- 
Eden  William  Hamond,  R.N.  youogest  son  of 
Vice-Adm.  Sir  Grnhaini  F^Jen  Hajitond,  Bart. 
K.C.B.  of  Norton  Lodre,  Isle  of  Wight,  to 
Lucia,  only  dau,  of  L.  Dodda,  esq.  of  Hythe 
House,  Hants.— At  Islington,  William-Akid, 
second  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Alexander  Rogers, 
Vicar  of  Rolvenden,  Kent,  to  Matilda,  dati.  of 
the  late  Robert  George,  esq,  of  Rochealer, 
Kent.~At  St,  George's,  Hanover'Sq.  John- 
Goodrich  Dick,  e^sq.  Commander  R.N.  eldest 
son  of  Rear-Adm.  Dick,  to  Harriet,  only  dau. 
of  the  late  Rev,  Charles  Baker,  rector  of  Til- 

manstone,  Kent. At  St.  Georg«-the- Martyr, 

South wark,  John  Walter  F.  White,  esq,  to 
Mary-Ann,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  George 

Moxon,   esq,  of   Chatham    dock- yard. At 

Dublin,  Frederick  George  Greene,  esq.  young- 
est son  of  the  late  James  Greene,  e»q.  M.D,  of 
Proffheda,  to  Eliia,  M-cond  diw.  of  the  late 
George  Ball,  esti.  of  BalPs  Grove,  Drogheda. 

9.  At  Westerliam.  John  Howe,  esq,  ot  St- 
DunstanVbili,  to  Eli2.ab«th.  second  daw.  of 
R,  Kidder,  esq,  of  Westerham  - — —At  St. 
James's,  Piccadilly,  William  Warwick  Hodge, 
esq,  of  Charles-st,  St.  James^s-sq.  to  Pene- 
lopeSarah,  eldest  dau.  of  Henry  Porter  Smith, 
esQ.  of  tbe  Crescent,  New  Bridge  street, 

11.  At  Medboumc,  Leicestersh,  Henry,  son 
of  W.  H.  Neville,  esq.  of  Esher,  to  JIary,  only 
dau.  of  the  late  John  Gilder,  esq,  of  Bombay. 
—At  Sidraoiith,  Mr.  W,  S.  Hoyte,  to  8o* 
sauna  Fanny,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev,  Tims. 
Atkinson,  Rector  of  St.  Edtnimd's,  Bxeter. 

12.  At  Paddinrlon,  Frank  Somenille  Head, 
esq,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Francis  B.  Heail,  Bart  to 
Man-Jftne,  eldest  dau,  of  Robert  Garnett,  caq. 

of Wyre  side,  Lancash. At  Peckham.Charlea- 

Pitt  BartJey,  esq.  of  Weatbonrne. terrace,  to 
Martha- Drew,  eldest  dau.  of  Thomiis  Salmon, 
esq.  formerly  of  Stoke  Ferrv,  Norfolk. 

13.  At  Cad  bury,  the  Rev.  John  Rogers,  Of 
Penrose  House,  Cornwall,  Canon  of  tbe  Cathe- 
dnl  Church  of  Eseter,  to  Grace,  eldest  dau,  of 
the  late  *ieorge  Sydenham  Fiirsdon,  ewj.  of 
Fu radon  Hoii»e,  Devon. 

N 


90 

OBITUARY. 


The  sx-Kino  or  Holland. 

Dec.  12,  At  Berlin,  in  his  72d  yetr, 
hit  late  Migesty  William  Frederick 
Count  of  Nassau,  ex-King  of  the  Nether, 
lands,  and  K.O. 

He  was  bom  August  24,  1772, 
the  eldest  son  of  WilUam  V.  Prince  of 
Orange  and  Nassau,  and  K.G.  b^  the 
Princess  Frederica- Sophia  Wilbelminaof 
Prussia,  daughter  of  King  Frederick  IIL 

At  an  eanj  period  of  his  life  he  ar- 
dently applied  himself  to  the  acquisition 
of  knowledge,  and  spent  some  years,  not 
only  in  foreign  travel,  but  in  serious 
study  at  the  university  of  Jjeyden.  In 
the  month  of  June,  1790,  he  received  the 
command  of  the  garrison  of  Breda,  and 
in  the  foUowing  year  he  was  appointed  a 
General  of  Infantry.  On  the  1st  Oct. 
1791,  he  married  the  Princess  Frederica 
Wilhelmina  Louisa  of  Prussia,  daughter 
of  Frederick  William  II.  The  eldest 
child  bv  this  marriage  is  the  present  Kins; 
of  Holland,  who  was  bom  on  the  6th 
Dec.  1792. 

When  the  French  republic  in  the  yev 
1793  declared  war  against  the  Low 
Countries,  the  subject  of  this  noHce  re- 
ceived the  command  of  the  army  of  Hol- 
land, and  so  much  distinguished  himself 
during  the  hostilities  whicn  ensued,  as  to 
attract  in  a  remarkable  degree  the  favour 
of  the  Emperor  of  Austria ;  but,  as  every 
one  remembers,  that  severe  struggle 
proved  unsuccessful,  and  the  partisans  of 
the  deceased  King  and  his  fismily  were 
obliged  to  take  reftige  in  England,  while 
he  himself  remained  in  Prussia.  From 
the  time  that  the  resistance  to  republican 
France  proved  unsuccessful  until  it  was 
renewed  against  imperial  France,  there 
occurred  scarcelv  an  event  in  the  life  of 
the  late  King  oi  Holland  worth  record- 
ing, if  we  except  the  fact  that  he  com- 
manded a  division  at  the  battle  of  Jena. 
He  waa  also  at  the  battle  of  Wagram, 
after  which  event  he  proceeded  to  Berlin, 
and  finally  visited  this  country,  which  be 
did  not  quit  till  the  year  1813.  He  was 
proclaimed  King  of  the  Netherlands  (his 
lather  being  then  dead)  on  the  16th  of 
March,  1815,  and  as  a  Sovereign  entered 
Brussels  on  the  5th  of  April  following. 
On  the  return  of  Buonaparte  from  Elba, 
foreseeing  that  his  territories  were  likely 
to  become  the  scene  of  great  operations, 
he  lost  no  time  in  labouring  to  put  their 
military  positions  into  the  best  state  of 
defence  toat  circumstances  would  permit, 
and  to  organize  his  troops  with  as  much 
expedition  as  possible.    The  command  of 


these  forces  was  confided  to  the  present 
King  of  Holland  (then  Prince  of 
Orange),  who  was  wounded  at  their  head 
in  the  battle  of  Waterloo. 

The  late  King  for  many  years  of  his 
life  resided  alternately  at  Brussels  and 
the  Hague.  He  is  said  to  have  been  a 
person  of  great  simplicity  of  life,  very  at- 
tentive to  business,  and  of  most  econo- 
miod  habits. 

The  French  Revolution  of  1830  gave 
rise  to  another  change,  and  the  days  of 
July  were  followed  by  the  days  of  Sep. 
tember.  Belgium  recovered  her  inde- 
pendence, and  the  alliance  of  France  and 
England  secured  the  durability  of  the 
new  kingdom.  At  the  same  time  the 
constancy  and  pertinacity  worthy  of  his 
race  witn  whicn  William  defended  his 
cause  are  entitled  to  respect. 

The  popularity  of  the  King  of  Holland 
suffered  ouring  the  latter  part  of  his 
reign,  firom  his  proposed  marriage  with 
the  Countess  d'Oultremont,  she  being  a 
Belgian  and  a  Roman  Catholic;  inso- 
much that  before  forming  this  union  he 
found  it  necessary  to  abdicate.  This 
took  place  in  1840.  From  that  period  he 
lived  principally  at  Berlin,  occup)ring 
himself  with  the  management  of  his  im- 
mense private  fortune. 

According  to  information  which  seems 
deserving  of  credit,  the  late  King  has 
left  157,000,000  florins  (13,000,000/.  ster- 
ling), of  which  153,000,000  of  francs 
(about  6,000,000  pounds  sterling)  are 
bequeathed  to  the  present  King  of  Hol- 
land ;  12,000,000  will  come  to  the 
Countess  of  Oultremont.  The  remain- 
ing millions  will  be  divided  between  his 
younger  children.  Prince  Frederick, 
Dorn  Feb.  S8,  1797,  and  the  Princess 
Marianne,  bora  Mav  19,  1809,  married 
to  Prince  Albert  of  Prussia. 

The  Count  of  Nassau  seemed  to  be  in 
perfset  health  on  the  moming  of  his 
oeath.  According  to  his  custom,  he  was 
employed  at  an  early  hour  in  his  cabinet. 
The  Countess  of  Nassau  was  in  the  room 
with  him,  and  had  iust  left  it  for  a  mo- 
ment,  when  his  beU  being  rung  violently 
his  aide-de-camp  hastened  in  and  found 
the  aged  Soverei^  struck  with  a  sudden 
fit  of  apoplexy,  sitting  motionless  in  his 
arm  chair,  with  a  paper  in  his  hand. 
Every  effort  was  used  to  recal  him  to 
life,  but  in  vain ;  death  seemed  to  have 
been  instantaneous.  It  is  further  stated 
that  the  body  will  be  conveyed  from  Ber- 
lin to  Hamburg,  and  there  embarked  for 
the  Hague. 


» 


The  fdtowiog  mesugi}  from  his  Ma- 
jesty the  King  of  the  Netherhifids  to  the 
Second  Cbamber  of  the  State«-Gener&l, 
announciug  the  decease  of  hia  iUustrious 
Utber,  WM  lead  Co  that  asaemblage  on  the 
Idth  intftaiit 

**  Noble  uid  Mighry  Lords,--Xt  is 
with  profound  affliction  that  I  have  to  an- 
oattfice  to  your  high  mightinesses  the 
■dft&eholy  death  oi  m?  bduved  and  ve* 
Mfabk  father,  King  WiUiHm  Fredenck 
Count  of  Nassau,  who  died  at  Berlin,  on 
the  l^th  of  thia  month,  in  an  apoplectir  fit. 

**  Thus  has  terminated  a  lubonous  life, 
dllen  ^led  with  caref>  and  sorrows^  but 
■lao  abounding  in  glory — a  life  early  de- 
nied to  the  Netherlandfr  and  of  which 
27  yarn  were  dedicated  to  the  cares  of 
and  the  last  days  of  which 
ndgnaiised  hy  acts  which  prove  his 
mocen  affection  to  hi6  dear  native 
Qountry. 

•*  While  submitting  with  humble  resig- 
nation to  the  adorable  decrees  of  Provi^ 
dcDce,  1  am  nevertheless  with  my  whole 
§umij  deeply  affected  by  thl*i  unexpected 

**  Your  high  mightinesses,  I  am  cer. 
taio,  wUi  understand  our  welUfounded 
gti^f,  and  you  will  participate  in  it  in 
|»roportion  to  the  attachment  which  the 
iMtion  baa  for  us,  and  which  on  occasions 
oCvTCBtB  that  afflict  or  rejoice  our  family 
it  with  that  sympathy  the  value 

[whkb  we  on  our  part  greatly  appreciate. 
'Signed)  •'  William. 

The  Hague,  Dec.  15,  1843.'»; 

The  present  King  of  Holland  was 
married  on  the  21st  of  February,  l«  16, 
to  the  Princes  Anne  Paulo wna,  daughter 
ol  the  Emperor  Paul  of  Russia,  by  whom 
he  has  four  children. 


■  The 
^m  married 
^       to  ehfi  f 


I 


Tmj!  Hon.  E.  E.  Viixikbs. 

(M,  30.  At  Nice,  aged  37,  the  Hon. 
Edwird  Ernest  Yilliers,  Clerk  of  Oergy 
Retitrna  in  the  Privy  Council  Office^  and 
m  Gonniiiaaianer  of  the  Colonial  Land  and 
finigration  Board  ;  brother  to  the  Earl 
of  Clarendon. 

He  was  bom  March  23,  1806,  the  fifth 
•on  ot  the  Hon.  George  VilUeni  (third 
•on  of  the  first  Earl  of  Clarendon)  by  the 
Hon.  Theresa  Parker,  daughter  of  John 
first  Lord  Boringdon,  and  sister  to  the 
KatI  of  Morley. 

**  He  was  a  man  tittle  known  by  the 
world  in  general — shy,  reserved  to  Rtran- 
§•«,  and  of  a  coldness  anproaching  to  au- 
ftofity;  but,  whenever  this  external  frost 
was  thawed t  there  appeared  a  refinement 
of  manner,  an  innate  sympathy,  and  a 
delicacy  of  taet,  which  were  irresistibly 
attractive  and  attaching.  He  was  not 
nature  to  busUc  into  public  no- 


tice, and  such  ambition  as  he  bad  was  not 
of  the  noisy  and  ostentatious  kind.  The 
extreme  refinement  and  even  purity  of 
his  mind,  which  rendered  him  almost 
fastidiously  sensitive,  in  a  great  measure 
disqualifitfd  him  fur  the  rough  work  and 
miry  ways  of  a  political  career.  Upon 
the  demise  of  the  late  Lieutenant  Drum- 
mond  the  Irish  linder<  Secretaryship  was 
offered  to  Mr.  Villi ers,  and  his  refusal  of 
that  office  and  preference  of  one  much 
less  conspicuous,  but  which  he  thought 
opened  to  him  a  wide  field  of  practical 
ysefulnesB,  well  exempliiies  the  bent  of 
his  disposition* 

*'  fio  man  was  more  beloved  by  hia 
family  and  friends,  and  none  could  be 
more  agreeable  to  any  society  where  he 
was  completely  tit  hia  ease.  In  conver- 
sation he  was  animated^  amuning,  and 
profound  j  he  bad  an  exceedingly  nice 
sense  of  the  proprirtiea  of  languuge^  and 
his  own  was,  in  the  highest  degree,  pure 
and  appropriate.  His  ffuency  and  cor- 
rectness of  expression,  united  with  an 
acute  perception  of  the  ridiculous,  and 
ready  sympathy  with  his  listeners,  ren- 
dered  his  colloquial  excellence  really  re* 
markable.  He  was  most  warm-hearted 
and  liffectionatet  aineere,  obliging,  disin- 
terested, unselffsh,  and  of  scrupulous 
integrttv,  in  tbe  largest  sense,  whicb 
habitujly  refers  to  conscientious  princi- 
ples in  every  tronsan^tion  of  life.  He 
viewed  things  with  the  eye  of  a  philo- 
sopher, and  aimed  aCestabltsbingan  exact 
correspondence  between  bis  theory  and  bis 
practice  •,  he  bad  a  remarkably  acute  and 
searching  intellectf  with  habit*;  uf  patient 
investigation,  and  mature  deliberutiun. 
His  soul  was  animated  by  ardunt  aspira- 
rations  after  the  improvement,  and  hap- 
piness of  mankiiid,  and  lie  abhorred  in- 
justice and  oppression,  in  all  their  E>bapes 
and  disguit<es,  with  an  honest  intensity 
which  produced  something  of  a  morbid 
sentiment  in  his  mind,  and  occasionally 
betrayed  him  into  some  mistaken  tm- 
presstons. 

**  But,  while  be  clung  with  indexible 
constancy  to  bis  own  opinions,  no  man 
>vas  more  tolerant  of  the  opinions  of 
others,  and  he  brough  tsincerity,  single, 
mindedness,  and  knowledge  to  bear  upon 
every  discussion.  His  life,  though  un- 
eventful  and  retired,  was  spent  in  tbe 
coiitempiation  of  subjects  of  tbe  highest 
interest,  and  worthiest  to  occupy  the 
thoughts  of  a  wise  and  good  man  ;  and 
tbe  rare  intimaciei  be  cultivated  were 
with  those  congenial  minds  which  were 
estimable  for  their  moral  excellence,  or 
distinguished  by  their  inteUectua!  qualities 
and  attainments.  The  world  at  large  wiU 
never  know  what  virtues  and  talents  have 


9«     GeH.  Sir  J.  Pfuser.-^Gtn.  W,  Brooke.^Sir  J.  OHaliomn.     [Jan. 

Liddy  FrMer,  sbout  tbree  years  ago.   Sbe 
w-as  a  Mitt  A*  Court. 


been  prematurely  tnatched  away  from  it, 
for  those  only  who  have  seen  Mr.  Villiers 
in  the  unreterved  intercourse  of  domestic 
fiuniltarity  can  appreciate  the  charm  of  his 
disposition  and  the  vigour  of  his  under- 
standing. 

**  He  was  in  possession  to  the  last  of 
all  his  faculties,  and  was  free  from  bodily 
pain.  He  died  with  the  cbeerfulnets  of 
a  philosopher  and  the  resignation  of  a 
Christian,  happy,  devout,  and  hopeful, 
joyfully  contemplating  death  in  the  at- 
snrcd  faith  of  a  resurrectioo  froas  the 
dead.'*— (rtMet.) 

Mr.  A'iUiert  married,  Aug,  I,  1835, 
the  Hon.  Elinbeth  Charlotte  Liddell, 
fifth  daughter  of  Lord  Ravenswortl',  and 
sister  to  the  Marchioness  of  Normanby, 
the  Countess  of  Hardwicke,  Viscountess 
Barrington,  &c.  That  lady  survives  him, 
without  issue. 


Gbnsbal  Sir  John  Fraber,  G.C.H. 

iVor.  14.  At  Campden-hill,  Kcnsing. 
too,  in  his  84th  year.  General  Sir  John 
Eraser,  G.C.H. 

The  deceased  entered  the  army  in  1778, 
and  within  a  few  months  was  called  upon 
for  active  service.  In  Jan.  1780,  he  was 
with  his  reffiment  on  board  the  Defence, 
under  Sir  George  Rodney,  in  the  general 
action  of  the  16th  of  that  month,  when 
that  ship  captured  the  Spanish  admiral's 
flag-ship  Phoenix,  of  superior  force. 
During  the  siege  of  Gibraltar,  in  1780, 
81,  and  82,  he  particukrly  distinguished 
himself  by  his  (pilhintry,  and  was  severe- 
ly wounded  on  two  occasions  during  the 
operations,  first  by  a  splinter,  and  suhte- 
quently  bv  a  cannon -snot,  which  carried 
off  his  right  leg.  In  180l»  while  in  com- 
mand as  Colonel,  on  the  African  coast, 
he  was  attacked  by  a  much  superior  body 
of  the  enemy,  and  eventually,  after  a  san- 
guinary  conflict,  compelled  to  capitulate, 
the  loss  by  the  enemy  exceeding  the  total 
number  of  the  BriHsb  force  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  action.  In  Sept.  1828, 
he  was  appointed  Lieut.- Governor  of 
Chester  Castle ;  and  in  1832  nominated 
a  Knight  Grand  Cross  of  the  Royal 
Hanoverian  Guelphic  Order.  His  com- 
missions  were  dated  as  follows : — Lieu- 
tenant, Sept.  29,  1778;  Captain,  April 
21,  1783  ;  Major,  March  1, 1784:  Lieut.- 
Colonel,  Aug.  28, 1794;  Colonel,  January 
1,  1800;  Major.General,  April  25,  1808; 
Lieut.- General,  June  4,  1813;  and  Ge- 
neral,  July  23,  1830. 

Sir  John  Fraser  was  twice  married ; 
and  he  has  left  one  surviving  daughter, 
the  wife  of  Capt.  Colgrave,  formerly 
Manby. 

Sir  John  was  married  to  the  present 


General  W.  Brooke. 

Sept.  9.  At  his  residence,  Alfred - 
street,  Bath,  aged  73,  General  William 
Brooke,  kte  of  the  5th  dragoon  guards. 

Thb  ofieer  entered  the  army  as  Comet 
in  the  8th  light  dragoons  in  June  1793; 
received  a  Lieutenancy  in  the  83d  foot  in 
October,  and  an  independent  company  in 
December  of  the  same  year.  He  was 
made  Captain  in  the  96ui  foot  the  S5th 
March  I  ?^.  and  in  September  of  that  year 
embarked  for  the  West  Indies.  Whilst 
on  his  passage  he  became  Major  in  his 
regiment;  and  arrived  at  St.  Marc,  in 
the  isbind  of  St.  Domingo,  in  March  1795. 
In  June  following  he  was  appointed  to 
the  command  of  that  garrison ;  and  he 
continued  in  that  situation  until  Aug. 
1796,  when  he  returned  to  England.  The 
95th  regiment  having  been  reduced  in 
1795,  he  continued  unattached  until  1798, 
and  afterwards  on  half  pay  until  Jan.  1805, 
when  he  obtained  the  Majority  of  the 
56th  foot,  and  in  June  following  that  of 
the  5th  dragoon  guards.  He  received 
the  brevet  of  Colonel  in  1800,  and  that  of 
Colonel  in  1810.  In  1812  he  was  ap- 
pointed  on  the  staff  in  Spain  and  Portu- 

fal.  He  became  a  Major- General  in 
813,  Lieut.-General  in  1825,  and  Ge- 
neral  in  1841.  He  retired  from  the  5th 
dragoon  guards  some  years  ago. 

Major.  Gen.  Sir  Joseph  O'Halloran. 

Nov,  S.  At  Connaught  Square,  Hyde 
Birk,  in  his  80th  year.  Major*  General  Sir 
Joseph  O'Halloran,  K.C.B.  of  the  Ben- 
gal  establishment,  and  M.R.I.A. 

This  officer,  the  youngest  son  of  Syl- 
vester O'Halloran,  of  Limerick,  esq.  by 
Mary  Casey,  was  appointed  a  cadet  in 
1781,  Ensign  in  1782,  Lieutenant  1785, 
and  Captain  1796.  From  June  in  the 
last-named  year  to  Oct.  1802  he  served  as 
Adjutant  and  Qnartermaster  to  the  sta- 
tion of  Midnapore,  during  which  period 
he  constructed  several  public  works.  In 
the  latter  vear  the  appointment  was  abo- 
lished, and  he  joined  his  regiment,  the 
1 8th  Native  Infantry.  In  Sept.  1803  he 
accompanied  a  detachment  which  crossed 
the  Jumna  for  the  conquest  of  Bundle- 
cund,  and  defeated  on  the  12th  Oct.  the 
Newaub  Shumshere  Behauder,  and  15,000 
Mahrattas,  at  Ropsah. 

In  Jan.  1804  Capt.  O'Halloran  served 
at  the  sieges  of  Bursah  and  Jessarie ;  and 
was  appointed  to  superintend  the  opera- 
tion of  Shaik  Ralb  Alee's  irr^ular  bri. 
gade.  In  April  he  served  at  the  siege  and 
capture  of  the  fort  of  Sonpah ;  on  the  15tli 


1844.]      LiiuL'Col.  W.  Ingkbif.—Janm  Baldwin  Brown,  LUD.       Pa 


in  the  attAL'k  niid  scvrrc  di'feat  of  the 
RaJHb  Hum  4  of  10,0l»U  ijooti  dec  talis,  on 
tlie  hilU  and  rocks  ot  Aluboba  \  and  »lso 
in  the  subsequent  pursuit  nnd  defeat  of 
th«ni  on  the  IfltU.  On  the  Ut  July  in 
the  flame  jetir  beconimanded  tbe  irregulac 
briji^deff  of  the  ^ame  native  chief  and  of 
Mofa«mfned  Cauri  in  a  eonteBt  wltli  Rajab 
Hitn,  and  16,000  Boondeelubs  and  Nag- 
gak^,  on  ibe  fortified  hills  of  Tunnah. 
The  enemy  were  defeated  v^itlt  great 
blaugbter,  and  tbc  loss  of  all  llieir  baggage. 
On  the  28lb  July  be  was  present  nt  the 
assault  of  Jeypoor,  and  on  the  28lb  Aug. 
Ml  tbe  dege  and  capitubttion  of  the  fortress:. 
h\  December  he  served  witb  irregular 
brigades  in  storming  several  fortilied 
tovrn»  and  fort^  ^  end  in  Feb.  190.T  he  was 
at  the  Biege  and  aiptore  of  tbe  fort ^  of 
Nifibgoug  and  Dowrahf  in  f'iiuvarree. 

On  ibe  IsC  Nov,  180rj  be  vvus  ap- 
pointed by  Lord  Lake  to  be  CommiRsary  of 
Supplies.  On  the  2aih  April  IBua  he 
attiined  tbe  rank  of  Major. 

On  tbe  £3d  Jan.  I  BOD  be  commanded 
a  column  of  uttnek  at  the  ns^uult  of  tbe 
fortiBcd  bill  of  Ri'goioly  iu  BundleeuncI, 
under  Cat.  M^rtindellr  to  whom  he  waa 
appointed  Secretnry  tbc  ^titti  of  tbc  same 
month.  In  Feb.  and  Mareb  followitighe 
\VM  present  at  tbe  siege  of  tbc  fortress  of 
Adjyghur  in  Bund  lee nnd|  \vbkb,  iifter 
considerable  loss  to  tbc  assailants,  was 
evacuated  by  the  garrison. 

On  (be  4th  June  1H14  be  became  a 
Lieut  -  Colonel.  In  181^,  Ifi^  and  17  he 
served  in  the  Ncpnul  war.  In  tbe  first 
ooipttign  be  was  employed  with  five  com. 
ptmies  at  Jan ick pore,  to  watch  the  fort 
wid  pass  of  Seed  ley,  and  to  cover  Ter- 
boot.  In  the  second  campaign  be  was 
with  Col.  Kelly's  division  at  Hurree- 
burpoor,  atid  received  the  thanks  of  the 
Colonel,  and  afterwards  of  the  Governor, 
ioT  his  gallant  conduct  in  tbe  uetion  of  tbe 
1st  March.  On  tbe  2Uth  May  1817  he 
served  at  tbe  assault  of  Turloab,  a 
«>tockaded  pass  leading  into  the  dij^trict  of 
Khoondah,  in  Ctittach. 

In  IJfJlS  Lieut, -CoL  O'llalloran  was 
removed  to  the  1st  btittLilioit  20tb  Nut. 
JnL  and  embarked  in  Sept.  for  Prince  of 
Wale«*s  Ireland  :  tbc  battellun  was  rc^ 
heved  in  Mny  following,  and  returned  to 
Barnurkpore. 

He  was  appointed  a  Companion  of  the 
Bath  in  Dec.  t8lG,  received  the  honour  of 
knigbtbood  Feb.  IB^  l«;i5;  and  whs  ad- 
vanced to  tbe  grade  of  KX\B.  in  1837. 
In  tbe  same  year  he  attained  tbc  nmk  of 
3fajor- General,  In  1»38  the  freedom  of 
bis  native  city,  Limerick,  was  presented 
to  bim,  9&  a  tribute  to  his  milUary  cba- 
ncter. 


lie  married  in  \yjn  the  daughter  of 
Colonel  Nicholas  Bayley,  of  the  West 
Middlesex  Militia. 


Lieut.- GoL.  W.  Ikgleuv* 
Nqw  13.     At   Hammersmith^  aged  00, 
Lieut.. Colonel  \fiUiam   Ingleby,  late  of 
tbe  55rd  Foot. 

This  officer  pyrcbased  an  Enaigncy, 
and  joined  the  58tb  Eegt.  to^vards  the 
close  of  1797,  and  in  the  ensuing  year 
served  at  the  reduction  of  Minorca.  lu 
1799  be  purchased  bis  Lieutenancy  in  the 
same  corps,  and  the  following  year  ac- 
companied tbe  expedition  to  Egypt ;  was 
with  tbe  reserve  under  Sir  John  Moore, 
at  the  landing  at  Aboukir  B''Ay^  where  be 
received  a  contusion  in  tbe  arm ;  was 
engaged  in  tbe  siibseciuent  battles  of  tbe 
KJtli  nnd  21st  Marco,  and  through  out 
that  campuign.  In  tbe  course  of  that 
year  be  purchased  his  company,  and  on 
ibe  return  of  tbe  59th  to  England  in  imt, 
WHS  placed  upon  half- pay |  with  the  other 
supernumerary  captains.  On  tbe  break- 
ing out  of  the  war  in  the  following  year, 
he  was  appointed  to  tbc  53rd  regimentf 
which  he  shortly  afterwards  accompanied 
to  India,  where  he  continued  to  serve  for 
many  years.  In  IbOO  he  commanded  a 
detachment  of  the  5.'ird  ttt  the  reduction 
of  the  strong  fortress  of  Ajighur  in  Bun* 
dlecund,  and  was  with  the  army  in  tbe 
subsequent  operations  of  that  year.  In 
1«H  he  purehased  bis  Majority  in  the 
53rd;  tndf  in  1814,  was  woundt^d  while 
in  command  of  Ibe  storming  party,  in  Ibe 
assault  of  Kaluga,  on  the  37th  November. 
The  12th  August,  JU19,  he  received  tbe 
brevet  of  Lieut.* Colonel. 


Ja5ies  Balowts  BiiowN,  LL.D. 

Nov,  .*«  hi  his  59th  year,  James  Bald* 
win  Brown,  esq.  LL,D.  Barrister-at-Liw, 

He  was  called  to  that  degree  by  the 
Hon.  Society  of  tbe  Inner  Temple,  24 
May,  1810,  and  practised  on  tbe  Northern 
Circuity  nnd  at  tbe  Lancashire  Quurter 
Sessions,  where  he  h<td  a  large  circle  of 
professioMul  friendit.  He  was  appointed 
in  JBIO  to  the  Judgeship  of  tbe  Oldham 
Court  of  Requests. 

He  was  a  man  of  considerable  literary 
attainment,  and  was  author  of  tbe  follow, 
ing  works^  vi?.. 

*' Memoirs  of  tbe  Public  and  Private 
Life  of  John  Howard,  the  Phi  Ian* 
toropist,"  J  vol.  quarto;  dedicated  to 
William  Wilberforce,  esq.  M.P. 

'*  An  HiMorical  .\ccount  of  the  Laws 
enacted  apinst  Roman  Catholics,  with  a 
review  of  the  Merits  of  the  Catholic 
Question/'  as  to  which  the  Monthly 
Review  of  July  1813  speaks  in  the  fol- 


i 


94        Obituabt."^1Z0V.  Janm  Farfuhantm,  LLJ).,  F.1LS.         [Jan. 

Aurora  Borealis— the  appeAnuicea  of 
whidi  he  studied  doteljr  for  a  long  period 
of  Tears.  In  1823  he  published  in  the 
£<UDbuiig[h  Philosophical  Journal  a  far 
more  accurate  descnptioa  of  that  striking 
phenomenon  than  had  previouriy  ap- 
peared ;  and  in  the  Philosophical  Trans- 
actions for  1829  he  confirmed  his  views 
by  new  observations— ehewing  that  the 
arrangement  and  progress  of  its  arches 
and  streamers  are  exactly  definite  in  rela- 
tion to  the  lines  of  the  earth's  magnetism, 
and  that  there  exist  such  close  relations 
between  the  streamers  and  arches  as  to 
prove  that  thev  are  in  fact  the  same  phe- 
nomenon. He  also  inferred,  from  his 
own  observations,  that  the  elevation  of 
the  Aurora  is  hr  less  than  had  been  gene^^ 
rally  supposed,  being  confined  to  altitudes 
not  extending  ha  beyond  the  romon  of 
the  clouds  ;  and  in  a  paper  in  the  Trans- 
actions for  1830,  besides  detailinff  new 
proofs  of  its  intimate  connection  with  the 
magnetic  needle,  he  shewed  that  it  was 
produced  by  the  developement  of  dec- 
tricity  by  the  condensation  of  watery 
vapour.  In  the  volume  for  1 839,  he  gave 
a  geometrical  measuroment  of  an  Aurora 
(one  of  the  first  attempted),  which  made 
its  height  lees  than  a  mile,  and  shewed  its 
dependency  upon  the  altitudeof  the  clouds. 
And,  in  the  volume  for  1842,  he  described 
an  Aurora,  which  was  situated  between 
himself  and  lofty  clouds  of  the  kind  de- 
nominated stratus  or  sheet-cloud. 

Another  sutnect  which  engased  his  at- 
tention was  the  ice  which  is  formed, 
under  peculiar  droumstances,  at  the 
bottom  of  running  water,  on  which  he 
gave  an  elaborate  paper  in  the  Philoso- 
phical Transactions  for  1836.  Arago, 
and  other  philosophers,  had  attempted 
explanations  of  this  curious  phenomenon, 
which  attracted  attention,  but  were  more 
ingenious  than  satisfactory.  Dr.  Farqu- 
harson  gave  a  new  one,  founded  on  his 
own  observations  on  the  river  Don,  in 
which  he  explains  it  bv  the  radiation  of 
heat  from  the  bottom  or  the  stream  eool- 
ing  its  bed  more  quidkly  than  the  water 
which  is  flowing  over  it,  in  droumstances 
when  the  sky  is  exceedingly  dear,  and  the 
water  of  great  tnmsparency. 

To  the  Royal  Sodety  Dr.  F.  also 
communicated  the  results  of  the  registers 
of  temperature,  which  be  kept  for  many 
years.  The  extent  of  his  observations  on 
this  useful  sub»|ect  led  him  to  consider  at 
length  the  origm  and  progress  of  currents 
of  colder  and  warmer  air  moving  over  the 
face  of  a  flat  country  surrounded  by  hills, 
at  diflferent  seasons  of  the  year,  and  their 
effects  upon  vegetarion.  One  of  his 
most  curious  and  valuable  papers  on  this 
head  is  that  «  On  the  Nature  and  Loca- 


lowing  terms :  '*  Learning,  judgment, 
temper,  and  industry  equally  unite  in  ra- 
commendinff  this  respectable  volume.'' 

"  An  Historical  Inquiry  into  the 
Andent  Ecclesiastical  Jurisdiction  of  the 
Crown." 

Together  with  numerous  poeticsl  effu- 
sions, amongst  them  "  The  Battle  of 
Albuers,  a  poem,"  which  rsn  through 
several  editions,  and  was  considered  to 
possess  great  merit. 

Dr.  Brown  married  a  sister  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Raffles,  LL.D.  by  whom  he 
has  left  a  family. 

Rbv.  James  FAaQUHARSON, 
LLD.,  F.R.S. 

Dee,  3.  Aged  62,  the  Rev.  James 
Fkrquharson,  LLD.  F.R.S.&C.  minister 
of  Alford,  CO.  Aberdeen. 

He  was  born  in  the  parish  of  CouU,  in 
that  county,  in  1781.  At  the  parochial 
school  in  his  native  parish  he  received  the 
rudiments  of  education,  and  afterwards 
completed  his  studies  at  the  University 
of  King's  College,  where  he  took  his  de- 
gree of  Master  of  Arts.  During  this  early 
period  of  his  life,  he  gave  strong  indica- 
tion of  those  talents  and  tastes  wnich  dis- 
tinguisbed  his  maturer  years,  and  imbibed 
thMe  warm  feelings  of  gmteful  attach- 
ment to  his  Alma  Mater,  which  prompted 
him  at  all  times  totske  ■  lively  and  active 
interest  in  whatever  concerned  her  wel- 
fare. In  the  year  1799,'when  he  was  yet 
butdghteen,  Mr.  Farc^iiharson  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  situation  of  parochial 
schoolmaster  of  Alford.  He  soon  after- 
wards commenced  his  courses  as  a  student 
of  theology,  and  received  licence  as  a 
preacher  of  the  gospel.  He  continued  to 
fill  the  office  of  schoolmaster  of  Alford 
for  thirteen  years ;  and,  while  he  dis- 
charged the  duties  of  that  laborious  situa- 
tion with  exemolary  diligence  and  success, 
be  devoted  his  leisura  hours  to  the  ardent 
pursuit  of  professional  and  general  study. 
In  1812  he  was  appointed  minister  of 
Alford,  on  the  deatn  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Birnie. 

In  1831,  Mr.  Farquharson  published 
a  learned  and  ingenious  essay  **  On  the 
Form  of  the  Ark  of  Noah."  This  was 
followed  by  an  essay,  in  which  he  gave 
an  account  of  the  animals  dedgnated  in 
the  Scriptures  by  the  names  of  Leviathan 
and  Behemoth.  In  1838  he  published 
•*  A  New  Illustration  of  the  Latter  Part 
of  Daniel's  Last  Vision  and  Prophecy," 
which  has  never  attracted  the  attention  it 
deserves. 

Dr.  Farquharson  communicated  several 
valuable  papers  to  the  Philosophical 
Transections  of  the  Royal  Sodety  of 
London;     Of  these  some  are  on  the 


iwm 


OaiTtriiaY*— ll«?,  John  Foster. 


95 


Stictof  Hoir  Frott/'  which  wu  pub. 
Iiilic4  by  the  Highland  and  Agricultural 
Soeietj  of  Scotland  in  1840^  where  he 
tmocB  «iioeeMftilly  the  deicent  of  tDtiiea 
of  cold  tir  upon  flat  and  hollow  lands,  and 
tko  inJ4triotu  eflects  which  tbef  produce 
apon  file  cropK  of  potatoes  and  grain. 

Tlwn  ingenious  and  nble  diKquisidons 
ngeOMBiended  their  author  to  the  notice 
and  friendship  of   many  of  the   leading 

w  of  the  day,  and  procured  for  him 

'  well -merited  honours.  In  1830  he 
i  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Hoynl  So- 
ciety of  London,  Iti  1837  the  University 
of  King's  College  conferred  upon  him  the 
degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws,  Ju  1858  be 
WM  elected  an  bonory  member  of  the 
SImM^  ^^ttfaiMe  de  St  a  tuque  Unwer* 
jteflf ,  an  honour  us  unexpected  nit  it  was 
tin*olicttedt  iind  which  proved  thtit  the 
value  of  hit  <)cientific  labours  ^"ai  ippre- 
ciated  in  countries  beyond  his  own* 
Among  bis  correspondents  were  Mr. 
Davief^  Gilbert,  P.R.8.  (Colonel  Siibine, 
Sir  WiUism  Hooker,  Sir  David  Brewster, 
md  various  others  of  seicnrific  distinction. 
Nor  were  the  energies  of  his  active  and 
inquiring  mind  confined  to  the  subjects 
^bovc  noted.  His  course  of  study  cm- 
br^i^d  a  wide  range  of  science  and  litcrn* 
Ciife*  He  was  well  skilled  in  botany, 
cbefltiatry,  zoology,  and  all  kindred 
bcmoches  of  knowledge,  and  wa«  tntimilely 
aequaifited  with  every  departnaent  of  bis- 
tOTf.  tilTing  in  a  rural  parish,  his  atten* 
dmi  wn  Bammlly  directed  to  agriculture, 

mamj  an  interesting  essay    on   this 
i  proceeded  from  his  pen  i  many  of 
ippeared  In  the  columns  of  the 
I  Journal* 

siastical  affairs  Dr.  Farquhar- 
la  consistent  Moderate;  in  poIL- 
dca,  a  steady  Conservative,  In  neiibcr 
cbincter,  however,  did  be  ever  display  n 
Mgoted  or  narrow  spirit.  While  be  could 
firmly  yet  temperately  maintain  his  own 
principle?,  be  could  freely  accord  credit 
for  honourable  purpose  to  those  who  con- 
scientiously dinered  from  him.  In  all 
the  relations  of  private  life  his  conduct 
was  uniformly  suefa  as  becime  a  Chris- 
dan  pastor. 
**  Remote  from  towns  be  ran  his  goodly 

race, 
Nor  e^er  had   changed,   nor  wished  to 

change  hia  place.' ' 

In  the  comparatively  retired  scene  of 
his  usefulness  did  he  cherish  the  most 
ardent  zeal  for  the  welfare  of  all  ^vithin 
the  sphere  of  his  influence,  and  was  ever 
ready  with  his  best  aid  in  the  cause  of 
phllantbropby.  His  principles  of  action 
were  inspired  from  sources  which  forbade 
the  intfusion  of  ostentatious   intent    or 


sinister  motive ;  be  sought  the  testimon 
of  an  approving  conscience^  and  was  ** 
Israelite  indet^,  in  whom  there  vras 
guile/'  He  baa  left  a  widow  and  a  nn* 
mcroas  and  foang  family.  {/i&€rde\ 
Jtmrtutl,} 


Rev.  John  Foster. 

Oct,  15.  At  Stapleton,  near  Bristol, 
aged  73,  the  Rev.  John  Foster. 

He  was  bom  in  Yorkshire*  where  in 
early  years  be  attracted  the  notice  of  the 
late  Dr.  Faweett,  Baptist  Minister,  of 
Hebden  Bridge.  Through  his  means  he 
entered  as  a  student  at  the  Baptist  eoU 
lege  in  Bristol,  where  be  studied  first 
yuder  the  care  of  Dr.  Evans,  and  after- 
wards under  that  of  the  late  Dr.  Ryland, 
After  leaving  the  college  he  was  settled 
during  a  period  of  many  years  nt  several 
places,  the  lust  of  which  was  Downend, 
near  Bristol ;  but  the  character  of  his 
mind  not  adapting  him  for  the  regular 
exercise  of  the  pastoral  office,  being  such 
as  fitted  bim  rather  to  a  life  of  meditntiDi}, 
he  retired  from  public  engagements,  and 
^enC  the  remainder  of  his  time  in  literary 
pursuits  in  Staple  ton,  where  he  resided 
for  the  last  eighteen  or  twenty  years,  only 
preaching  occasionally. 

**  The  well-known  character  of  his 
various  Essays,  instinct  as  they  are  with 
an  enei^y  of  feeling  and  surpassing  vigour 
of  conception,  such  as  at  once  make  the 
reader  teei  himself  listening  to  a  spirit  of 
pre-erainetit  poM^ers,  makes  it  unnecessary 
for  us  to  attempt  any  lengthened  por- 
traiture of  bis  massive  intellect.  Few 
writers  in  the  whole  range  of  literature 
possess  in  an  equal  decree  the  power  to 
touch  and  set  in  motion  the  springs  of 
serious  reflection.  A  closer  inspection  of 
his  mind  convinced  those  who  were  ad- 
mitted to  the  rare  privilege  of  personal 
intercourse  with  him,  that  those  really 
mastcriy  prodiictionB,  though  much  ela- 
borated, were  not  exhausting  efforts,  but 
rather  natural  specimens  of  the  thoughts 
and  sentiments  which  habitually  dwelt 
within  him.  Tbe^  testify  that  with  a  mind 
profoundly  meditative,  deeply  imbued 
with  *  the  nowcrs  of  the  world  to  come,' 
and  ardently,  even  to  impatience,  desirous 
of  the  advancement  of  mankind  in  fne-^ 
dora,  truth,  and  piety,  be  united  vast 
stores  of  knowledge  on  a  great  variety  of 
subjects,  and  an  exqui^iite  perception  and 
appreciation  of  whatever  was  sublime  or 
beautiful^  whether  in  thought,  nature,  or 
art.  The  same  strong  principle  of  bene- 
volence which  has  tinctured  bis  Avriltngs 
with  so  vehement  a  hatred  of  all  that 
Cend<;  to  make  mi^n  vicious  and  miserable 
communicated  to  his  conversation  and 
demeanour  a  kindness,  and  even  gentle* 


Obituary.— >F,  S,  Roicoe,  Es^.— C  (7,  HarUy,  Eiq.        [Jan,. 


nesii  which  could  not  fail  to  win  for  him 
tlic  love  as  well  as  venemtiori  of  uU  who 
knew  him.  His  piety  towiird*  tiod,  anrl 
charity  towards  men,  were  as  deep  as  they 
were  uiiodlent»tJouB.  He  was  an  uriuf- 
fectedly  ^(»t  and  good  mwn*" — {Briniol 

III  I80j  he  fir^t  pubHahed  his  "  £i»s»yi», 
in  a  series  of  Letters  to  a  Friend,  on  the 
foHawing  subjects  :  K  On  a  man's  writing 
nieraoirs  of  himself.  2.  On  decision  of 
cbaraeter.  3.  On  the  application  of  the 
cpicheE  RomAntic.  4.  On  name  of  the 
causes  by  which  Evangelical  lieli^ion  has 
been  rendered  less  ucccptuble  to  persons 
of  cultivated  taste.*'  The$.e  Essays  have 
pa^^sed  through  several  editions. 

His  celebrated  friend,  the  late  Robert 
Hall,  bestowed  upon  them  the  followiug 
just  and  beautiful  eulogium  :— *'  He  puinta 
raetaphysics,  and  has  the  happy  art  of 
arraying  what  in  other  hands  would  appear 
cold  and  comfortless  ubstiactions  in  the 
wara^est colours  of  fancy*  Withoyt  quitting 
hifl  argument  in  pursyit  of  ornament  or 
Jniigery,  his  imagination  becomes  the  per* 
feet  aandmuid  of  hit  leu^on t  rc'udy  at  every 
moment  to  s^prend  her  cttn\*us,  and  present 
her  pencil.  But  what  wtfords  us  the 
deepest  satisfaction  is  to  lind  such  talents 
enlisted  on  the  Aide  of  true  Christianity ; 
nor  can  we  forbear  indulging  a  bene  vole  tit 
triumph  on  ibc  accession  to  the  cause  of 
Evungflica]  piety  of  powers  which  ita 
most  distinguished  op|»onents  would  be 
proud  to  possess." 


Oct.  3K  At  Liverpool,  aged  61,  WiU 
liam  Stanlev  Roicoe,  esq.  eldest  son  of 
the  late  William  Ho&coe,  ctq. 

**  To  hi'i  father  he  in  many  fMiints  of  hia 
character  bore  a  itrong  resemblance,  and 
in  none  more  than  in  his  attachment  to 
literary  inirsuits.  which  he  displayed  at  a 
ver^  earfy  period  of  his  life,  and  preserved 
to  Its  close  with  undimintsbed  ardour. 
He  received  the  rudiments  ot  his  educa* 
tion  under  l>r.  Shepherd,  of  Gateacre, 
and  aftenvards  passed  some  time  at  the 
University  of  Cambridge,  as  a  student  ol 
Petcrhouse.  At  ibat  period  of  bi*i  life 
he  studied  with  great  as^duity  the  clutsie 
writers  of  Greece  and  Rome,  of  which  he 
continued  the  nerusal  till  within  a  short 
time  of  bis  death.  With  «everal  of  the 
modem  laitguugcs  Mr*  Roitcoe  was  also 
familiarly  converviint,  but  more  purtieu- 
Url^  with  I  he  Itulmn.  Of  hia  poetical 
gentut,  which  was  developed  in  him  at 
•0  almost  prrcoeioufi  age,  the  fruits  have 
appeared  m  a  volume  of  miscellaneous 
Poeni-  j»  ff  w  years  since.     In 

the  vu  I    ihi»  talent   he    never 

eeaM*d  u*  imiu  »  i<ivonrite  «>^cupa(ioii   for 

1/ 


his  hours  of  leisure »  and,  amongst  other 
less  voluminous  productions,  he  has  left 
behind  him  a  translation,  in  blank  ver&e, 
of  Klopstock's  Mesiiahi  and  of  the  Apt  of 
Rucellai , 

'*  Soon  after  leaving  Cambridge,  Mr. 
Rijscoe,  though  hi?*  views  were  originally 
directed  to  the  profe5i»ion  of  the  law,  was 
admitted  as  a  partner  into  his  fnther**: 
bank,  and  continued  to  be  connected  with 
that  concern  until  its  failure  in  It* It*. 
This  and  similar  disaster?,  if  be  was,  un- 
happily, not  qualified  to  avert,  his  con- 
scious integrity,  his  plueid  temper,  and 
well -regulated  mind,  enabled  him  to  meet 
with  dignity,  and  to  support  with  forti< 
tude.  During  the  latter  years  of  his  life 
he  held  the  office  of  Serjeant^at-mace  to 
the  Court  of  Passage  at  Liverpool.  The 
health  which  be  bad  uniformly  enjoyed 
some  munihs  since  began  to  give  way, 
III  July  be  waj*  lid vised  to  try  the  effects 
of  a  change  of  air,  and  for  this  purpose  he 
visited  Germany,  and  thenee  extended  hi« 
tour  to  Switzerland.  The  hopes  which 
were  reasonably  entertained  from  thi>i 
source,  and  from  the  anxiomi  application 
of  the  most  eHicient  medical  treatnwnt, 
were  destined  to  be  disappointed*  On 
Lis  return  home  he  became  gmdually 
weaker,  and,  in  perfect  lesignatiou  to  the 
will  of  Wis  Creator,  he  sank  without  a 
struggle  into  the  arms  of  death.  Under 
an  exterior  somewhat  reserved,  and  great 
sedateness  uf  manners,  his  affections  in 
every  relation  of  life  were  warm  and  en. 
during,  and  by  the  friends  who  knew  him 
intimately  his  memory  will  be  long  che- 
rished, and  his  virtues  best  appreciated.'^ 


C.  G.  Hawley,  Esq. 

NcfV,  30.  At  Great  Yarmouth,  in  bis 
TGth  year,  Cornelius  Girting  Harley, esq. 

Mr,  Harlcy,  who  was  a  native  of  Yar* 
mouth,  was  from  his  birth afliicted  with  a 
defect  in  the  organs  of  sight,  an  attempt 
to  cure  which  in  early  life  by  an  operation 
caused  the  entire  los*  of  one  eye,  and  was 
unproductive  of  betielit  to  tbe  other.  In 
addition  to  this  misfortune.  Mi.  Hatley*s 
frame  was  of  fo  \veak  a  tuitiire  as  to  unfit 
bim  for  any  of  the  comnvon  employments 
of  life  ^  but  he  pusse«<«ed  a  most  active 
and  inquiring  miud,  and  applied  himself 
vigorously  to  its  cultivation.  His  sight 
rnabling  him  to  read  but  very  little, 
knowledge  was  communicated  principally 
through  the  medium  of  fri**nds»  and  by 
their  voices  and  his  own  retentive  memory 
he  arcumulated  a  large  store  of  seientitic 
ar quiicRient.  Chemistry,  geography,  and 
history,  were  his  fsvomiie  studies.  In 
the  f*r»t  be  kept  sinpuluily  near  to  the 
latest    knowledge  uhirh  tbe   rapid   dis* 


1844.] 


Obituaey. — William  Seguier,  Esq. 


97 


coveries  of  our  times  have  produced,  and, 
at  Pretideotof  the  Yarmouth  Mechanics' 
Institute,  a  favourite  object  of  his  seal, 
he  delivered  many  lectures  upon  history. 
But  it  was  among  his  friends,  and  in  the 
aodeCy  of  their  children,  that  he  most 
ddighted  to  discourse  upon  the  benefits 
of  study,  and  the  blessiii^  of  knowled^. 
His  memory  and  the  powers  of  his  mind 
would  then  display  themselves  with  sin. 
ffttlar  fineshness,  and  no  opportunity  was 
lost  of  enfordngthe  advantages  of  wisdom 
and  virtue.  His  style  of  conversation 
was  cheerful  to  an  high  degree,  and 
admirably  adapted  to  impress  itself  on 
the  young.  For  more  than  forty  years 
before  his  death,  a  constant  succession  of 
youthful  friends  were  accustomed  to  read 
with  him  on  subjecta  the  best  fitted  to  the 
improvement  of  their  faculties.  Am^iig 
the  earliest  of  these  was  the  late  Dr. 
Gooch,  one  of  the  brightest  ornaments  of 
St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital,  who  always 
spoke  of  the  advantages  be  derived  from 
his  intercourse  with  Mr.  Harley  with  the 
warmest  feelings  of  gratitude,  and  re- 
membered him  in  his  will  with  a  hand- 
some li'gacy. 

With  one  exception,  when  the  small 
indepeudeuoe  he  inherited  from  his  parenta 
was  for  a  time  shaken  by  an  unsuccessful 

E speculation,  (but  his  friends  speedily  sup- 
lied  the  loss,)  the  whole  of  Mr.  Uarle)r'8 
fe  was  passed  in  easy  comfort,  and  in 
the  agreeable  pleasures  of  literary  society. 
The  late  Mr.  William  Taylor  of  Norwich, 
the  author  of  '<  £nglish  Synonymes  dis- 
criminated,"  &c.  was  one  of  his  oldest  and 
most  valued  friends.  Mr.  Harley  has  left 
a  large  mass  of  papers  on  history,  (partly 
written  as  questions  for  his  young  ac- 
quaintances, and  partly  as  records  of  his 
opinions,)  and  a  weather-journal  of  his 
native  town,  which,  having  been  com- 
menced  nearlv  half  a  century  ago,  and 
continued  without  a  day's  interruption  to 
the  present  time,  is  of  considerable  value. 
Sufficient  eyesight  remained  to  enable 
him  to  read  the  indices  of  his  gauges  and 
instrumeiita,  and  to  write  a  Urge  broad 


On  the  morning  of  the  30th  he  rose  in 
his  usual  health,  and  ate  a  hearty  break- 
£sst.  Shortly  after  he  was  faleard  to 
breathe  heavily.  Assistance  was  soon  at 
handy  but  in  a  few  minutes  he  expired, 
without  a  struggle,  and  without  suffering. 
On  the  previous  day  he  had  dictated  a 
letter  to  a  valued  friend  in  America, 
almost  the  hist  sentence  of  which  was  an 
earnest  expression  of  hope  that  his  death 
might  not  be  lingering,  and  might  be  free 
from  pain.  His  hope  was  too  soon  ful- 
filled. He  was  buned  in  the  family  vault 
in  St.  NichoUs  Church,  Great  Yarmouth. 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


By  his  will,  after  leaving  100/.  to  the 
Yarmouth  Hospital,  and  making  a  pro- 
vision for  his  fiuthful  servant  who  had 
lived  with  him  more  than  50  years,  he 
distributed  the  remainder  of  his  property 
in  legacies  to  the  young  friends  he  most 
loved,  the  children  of  those  whose  society 
and  regard  he  most  esteemed. 

WiLUAM  Seguier,  Ebu. 

Nov.  5.    William  SM^uier  esq. 

Mr.  Seguier  was  early  initiated  in  the 
study  of  art,  his  fiiUher  Ming  an  eminent 
dealer  in  articles  of  vertu.  After  his 
father's  death  he  continued  the  business 
for  many  years,  securing  by  his  excellent 
taste  and  unimpeachable  integrity  the 
entire  confidence  of  the  principal  collectors 
of  the  last  50  years.  By  his  advice  the 
beautiful  collection  of  Mr.  Watson  Taylor 
was  formed,  which  evinced,  by  the  high 
prices  the  pictures  produced  when  dis- 
persed by  auction,  the  accuracy  of  his 
judgment.  George  IV.  when  forming 
his  splendid  gallery  of  Dutch  masters, 
placeo  much  reliance  on  the  taste  of  Mr. 
Seguier,  and  appointed  him  conservator  of 
«all  the  royal  collections,  a  situation  which 
he  ably  filled  during  the  reigns  of  William 
I V.  and  her  present  Majesty,  and  to  him 
the  public  are  indebted  for  the  admiraUa 
arrangement  of  the  pictures  at  Hampton. 
Court  PiUace .  By  bis  advice  the  selection 
of  pictures  for  the  various  palaces  was 
made. 

At  the  foundation  of  the  "  National 
Gallery"  Mr.  S^uier  was  appointed 
chief  director,  the  trustees,  in  their  pur- 
chases, relying  greatly  upon  his  experience 
and  judgment 

Mr.  Seguier  also  held  the  important 
situation  of  Keeper  to  the  British  Insti- 
tution, which  frequently  afforded  him  the 
pleasing  opportunity  of  befriending  a  de- 
serving and  gifted  artist,  and  which  he 
was  ever  anxious  to  avail  himself  of. 

United  with  these  public  situations  he 
was  honoured  with  the  confidence  of  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  and  the  Marquess 
of  Westminster,  having  under  his  attention 
and  direction  the  preservation  of  their 
valuable  works  of  art.  His  sound  judg- 
ment and  high  character  procured  for  him 
the  intimate  friendship  of  those  far  above 
him  in  rank  and  fortune,  by  whom  he  was 
ever  esteemed  a  welcome  guest.  As  an 
amateur  of  engravings,  the  etchings  of  the 
early  Dutch  masters  were  ever  delightful 
to  him  ;  he  formed  a  beautiful  collection, 
particularlv  of  the  works  of  Rembrandt, 
in  their  nnest  state;  his  Ostadc  and 
Claude  etchings  are  of  the  rarest  order,  as 
is  his  general  «*ollectioii  of  the  works  of  the 
Dutch  painters.  It  would  be  impossible 
to  ovcr-estimata  his  ability  as  a  restorer 
O 


98 


OBiTCAftY.— >i9/r.  William  Savage. 


[Jan. 


of  pictures  ;  so  judicious,  so  able  in  bis 
method,  no  picture  was  ever  lessened  in 
value  under  his  superintendence  ;  where 
little  was  required  little  was  done,  but 
that  little  judiciously.  In  this  branch  of 
his  business  be  was  assisted  bv  his  brother, 
oo-whoin  the  labour  devolved,  and  to  him, 
we  doubt  not,  the  confidence  of  his  late 
brother*s  friends  will  be  continued. 

The  Atheneum  (Nov,  18,;  gives  the 
following  moderated  estimate  of  Mr. 
Siguier's  professional  qualifications : 

"  The  late  director's  knowledge  of  art 
was  chieflv,  or  altogether,  anecdotical  and 
traditional ;  be  could  cite  a  pleasant  tale 
about  Claude  when  a  pastrycook,  or  tell 
what  Cromwell  said  about  his  warts  to 
the  portraitist,  or  all  the  Emperor  of 
Austria  remarked  about  Sir  xhomas*s 
*  Pope  Pius ;'  he  could  descant  upon  the 
gnee  of  Raffaele,  and  the  airs  of  Guido, 
iie,  &c.  but  a  deeper  vein  of  criticism  is, 
we  trust,  now  in  demand.  The  Catalogue 
he  drew  up  for  the  National  Gallery  would 
vindicate  more  than  we  have  said  against 
his  limited  attainments  ;  it  swarmed  at 
first  with  errors,  and  is  still  uver-run  with 
them.  Of  the  Spanish  school  he  knew  as 
much  as  any  cognoscente  among  us — 
quasi  nothing;  of  tne  German  little  more; 
of  the  Italian  far  from  enough  ;  of  the 
French  perhaps  a  good  deal  (though  his 
mistake  between  Laneret  and  Watteau 
renders  us  sceptical)  ;  but  of  the  Dutch 
and  Flemish  schools  we  believe  him  to 
have  been  an  excellent  judge,  and  no  ill 
one  of  the  English.  About  sculpture  we 
should  guess  he  undcrtitood  a  minimum , 
about  architecture  nought  whatever,  about 
engraving  much,  especially  of  the  par- 
tictUar  schools.  Upon  the  whole,  as  a 
connoisseur,  if  he  was  not  in  advance  of 
his  own  era,  he  was  fully  abreast  of  it,  and 
let  this  merit  enjoy  its  due  praise,  when 
ao  many  a  presumptuous  man  lags  behind 
the  present  f  while  he  thinks  to  lead  it.*' 

Mr.  Seguier  was  in  his  72nd  year,  a 
period  of  life  he  appeared  not  to  have 
attained,  enjoying,  till  within  the  last  few 
months,  excellent  health  and  spirits,  lie 
has  left  several  daughters,  but  no  son. 
Few  persons  were  more  highly  esteemed 
for  integrity  and  urbanity  of  manners, 
while  his  superior  and  accurate  judgment 
rendered  his  opinions  truly  valuable  to 
every  connoisseur  in  art. 

Ma.  William  Savage. 

Jtd^  ^.  At  his  reitideiice,  Doding. 
too  Grove,  Kennington,  in  bis  73rd  year, 
Mr.  William  Savaee,  author  of  the 
••  Dictionary  of  the  Art  of  Printing." 

Mr.  Savage  was  a  native  of  Howden, 
hi  the  East  Riding  of  the  county  of 
York,  and  was  (be  younger  son  of  Mr. 


James  Savage,  of  that  place,  an  eminent 
clockmaker,  who  was  well  versed  in  the 
higher  branches  of  the  mathematics,  and 
who  bad  been  for  many  years  employed  by 
the  late  celebrated  Henry  Hindley,of  York , 
in  the  makii^  of  spring,  or  table  clocks, 
for  the  nobility  and  principal  gentry  in 
the  North  of  England.  Mr.  Savage  was 
descended  from  a  younger  branch  of  the 
ancient  and  noble  family  of  Savage,  of 
Rock  Savaee,  in  the  county  of  Chester. 
He  received  his  education  at  the  church 
school  in  Howden,  and  was  well  grounded 
in  geometry  and  mechanics.  In  1790  he 
commenced  business  as  a  printer  and 
bookseller  in  bis  native  town,  in  partner- 
ship  with  his  elder  brother,  Mr.  James 
Savage,  now  living  in  Somersetshire,  the 
author  of  the  History  of  Taunton,  &c. 
In  1797  he  removed  to  London,  and  about 
two  years  afterwards  was  appointed,  under 
the  express  recommendation  of  the  late 
Hon.  and  Right  Rev.  Dr.  Barrington, 
Lord  Bishop  of  Durham,  and  Count 
Rumford,  Printer  to  the  Royal  Insti- 
tution  in  Albenuu-le-street,  London,  and 
was  for  ten  years  assistant  secretary  to  the 
board  of  managers  of  that  establishment; 
(the  secretary  being  an  honorary  officer,) 
and  also  secretary  to  the  patrons  of  the 
library,  secretary  to  the  committee  of 
chemistry,  and  superintendent  of  their 
printing  office. 

About  the  year  I8U3,  Mr.  Sava^ 
commenced  the  printing  business  m 
London  on  his  own  account,  but  still  re- 
taining  his  official  situations  at  the  Royal 
Institution.  Among  other  fine  and 
splendid  works  entrusted  to  him  to  print, 
was  <*  The  British  Gallery  of  Engravings, 
by  the  Rev.  Edward  Forster,"  and  he 
was  required  to  execute  that  work  at 
least  equal,  but,  if  possible,  superior  to 
any  work  that  bad  been  proauced  in 
England.  At  tliat  time  (1807),  no  fine 
printing  ink  was  to  be  purebred  from 
the  manufacturers,  their  best  ink  beinff 
comparatively  of  an  inferior  colour,  and 
of  a  weak  consistence.  The  finest  printera 
in  England  had  obtained  their  celebrity 
solely  by  the  superior  quality  of  their  ink ; 
for  there  were  others  who  possessed  as 
good  practical  knowledge  of  the  art ;  but 
these  fine  printers  as  they  were  termed, 
for  they  were  few  in  number  who  had 
obtained  this  distinguished  appellation, 
were  in  the  habit  of  themselves  improving 
the  ink  of  commerce,  but  the  mode  of 
efiecting  such  improvement  they  kept 
a  profound  secret.  In  this  state  was  the 
art  of  printing  when  Mr.  Savage  com. 
ineuced  his  experiments  for  the  improve- 
roent  of  this  article,  the  results  of  which 
he  afterwards  detailed  in  his  work  on  the 
'*  Preparation  of  Printing  Ink,** published 


1814.] 


ObitUarv. — Mr,  Wiilinm  Samge* 


m 


ifi  183^.  He  then  found  tliat  it  rcf|Hired 
n  |iri(itcr  who  knew,  from  prnctieal  cx- 
perifiK't',  what  propertifs  were  required 
in  irikt  tomitkc  a  rciil  improvement  in  this 
article  of  commerce,  and,  when  he  was 
engaged  on  his  greut  wojrk  on  **  Deco- 
miive  Printing/'  he  was  still  further 
obh'ged  to  pitrsiie  his  object  by  experi* 
ment^  with  colon  red  inks»  for  there 
t^xme^  no  precedents  to  guide  him  j  and 
ill  the  lutter  years  of  his  life  he  felt  a  high 
grHtificntion  in  perceiving  the  grent  im- 
provement that  had  taken  place  in  orna- 
iiientul  printing  since  the  publication  of 
thai  book.  The  in  form  at  ion  which  he 
threw  open  to  the  public  in  his  work  on 
the  '*  Preparation  of  Printing  Itikj^'  was 
the  re«(iikof  twenty-three  years  of  applica- 
tion devoted  to  thic  peculiar  subject* 
ile  punmed  it  with  ardour,  beeatme  be 
BOW  in  it  cspubilities  which  he  believed 
be  saw  alone.  Wonderful  and  extensive 
AS  is  tbe  power  of  the  printing  prc&s  in 
diffusing  knowledge  over  the  globe,  he 
sanrand  felt  that  it  hud  yet  a  capabilityi 
untried  and  uoacknowledgcd,  of  producing 
works  tbut  might  deservedly  raise  its 
cLums  to  rank  among  the  fine  arts  ;  and 
he  bad  the  satisfaction  of  realizing  his 
expectations.  The  Society  for  the  En- 
couragement of  Arts  shewed  their  sense 
of  his  success  in  his  mode  of  preparing 
printing  ink,  by  awnrding  to  him  ibeir 
krge  medal  and  a  sum  of  mon^y,  for  bis 
imitation  of  drawings  printed  from  en- 
gravings on  wood  with  inks  of  his  own 
preparing;  and  by  an  invitation  to  furnish 
them  with  a  paper  on  the  Fri^pamtion  of 
Printing  Ink,  He  bas  shewn,  in  bis 
work  on  *'  Decorative  Printing/'  bow 
succttsfnily  drawings  may  be  imitated  by 
means  of  the  common  printing  pre^F,  to 
the  surprise  of  all  who  could  estimate  the 
difficulties  attcndiint  on  such  an  under- 
taking, toward fi  which  no  precedent  in- 
formation  existed,  and  wherein  every 
ad^nncewas  to  be  made  by  experiment. 

It  has  been  al ready  mentioned,  tliat 
the  leiter-presfi  of  that  splendid  work, 
•*  The  Jiniish  Gallery  of  Kngravingi^/' 
was  ewcutcd  by  Mr.  lavage.  It  raised 
the  productions  of  his  press  to  at  least  a 
level  with  those  of  the  best  conicmpomry 
printers;  and  he  had  the  gratitication 
not  only  of  witnessing  bis  employers 
comparing  his  printing  with  that  or  those 
who  had  acquired  the  bifjhest  celebrity, 
but  of  their  awarding  to  him  the  stiperi- 
oriiy.  In  one  of  the  reviews  of  that 
elej^nt  work  on  its  publication,  we  find 
Ibii  eulogium  :  "  The  letter-press  of  Ibis 
work  is  in  the  most  superb  style,  and 
rivals  the  celebrated  Horace  by  Didot. 
It  i«  from  the  pre«is  of  Mr.  W.  Savage, 
of  Bedfordbtiry,  and  does  him  the  highest 


honotir.*"     He  t bus,  by  perseverance,  com- 
pletely succeeded^  both  as  to  ink  and  to 
workmanship,    the  latter  of  which  was 
executed  at  a  wooden  one-ptill  press  of 
the  common  const  ruction «     Mr.  Savage 
at  length  accomplished  the  object  he  had . 
in  view   of  making  printing  ink  of  tha  ] 
most  superior  character,  without  any  oil  I 
in  its  composition  ;  thus  getting  clear  of  J 
the  imperfections  of  ii^ferior  or  adulte* 
rated  oil,  and  of  the  trouble  and  danger  of  j 
boiling  that  article.  i 

In  Tb21?  he  published  by  subscription . 
his   elegant    work   entitled    "  Hints    on.i 
Decorative  Printing,*'  which  opened   an 
entirely  nevv^  era  in  that  art,  and  procured  i 
him  the  highest  character  for  his  ingenuitjf 
and  knowledge  of  the  businets  of  a  letter- 
press printer.     During  the  succeeding  ten  j 
years  he  was  employed  in  arranging  and  ) 
digesting  the  immense  mass  of  materiali  [ 
which  he  had  been  collecting  for  nearly  | 
the  preceding  forty  year^i,  for  bis  "  Die-  i 
tionary  of  the  i\rt   of  Printing,"  which 
was  published  in  IBl^l,  and  which  reOecCc  j 
the  highest  credit  upon  his  character,  nol  I 
only  as  a  printer^   but  also  as  a  man  o£  I 
general   and   superior  knowledge,     Thi«  I 
work  contains  such  a  mass  of  in  forma  tion 
upon  every  subject  connected  with   tho  I 
present  improved  practice  in   the    best  \ 
printing-houses  in  London,  that  w^e  shall  i 
be  excused  for  entering  into  a  brief  sketcl^  ] 
of  some  of  its  more  piominent  articles* 
Amongst  other   things,  it   contains   th©J 
alphabets  of  all  the  languages,  the  characip  i 
tcm  of   which  are  cast  in  the   British  i 
found  cries  j  these  are,  the  Arabic,  Arme-  ] 
nian,  Bcngalese,   Black  Letter,  Coptic, 
Danish,  Domesday,    Etb topic,  Etruscan, 
German,  Mccso-Uotbic,  Greek,  Hebrew, 
Irish,    Malay,    Persian,    PoUsb,    EuniCp  J 
Russian,    Samaritan,    Sanskrit,    Saxoo, 
Syriac,    Swedish,    apd    Tamul,        The  1 
article   on    the    **  Orthography    of    tbe 
Bible*   is   valuable    and    important,  ai  I 
giving  the  variations  in   orthography  of] 
the  several  editions  of  the    Holy  Scrip, 
tures  as  printed  by  the  Queen's  printers,  | 
and  the   L'niversities   of  Oxford,   Canu 
bridge,  and  Edinburgh,     ^*  The  late  Mr,  ! 
Thomas    Beiislcy/*    says    Mr*    Savage,  j 
*' who  was  printer  to  the  University  o(  | 
(Jxford,  told  me,  abtiut   the  year  1805,  , 
that  they  had  a  sealed  copy  of  the  Bible  ^ 
there  as  a  standard  to  read  from  :  if  thi«  ( 
be  the  case,  it  is  difliculi  to  account  fof 
their  copies  of  late  years  having  ntimerom  I 
variations  from  the  eariier  editiouft.      Xj 
think  it  very  desirable  that  there  shouH  j 
be  a  standard  edition  that  we  could  refee 
to  as  a  pure  text,  and  it  would  also  b« 
desirable  to  know  oii  what  authority  thes^ 
variations  arc  made  in  the  Holy  Scriptures^  ] 
for  cvary  word^  eveiy  point,  na/  every 


Li. 


100 


ca|iittl  letter,  I  befiere,  wbs  caxefnSij 
considered  before  it  was  adopted  in  tbe 
first  edition  of  the  authorised  Tersion  of 
161 1,  and  this  too  bjr  a  considerable  num. 
ber  of  the  most  learned  men  of  the  king- 
dom, who  had  the  direction  of  the  work." 
The  list  of  abbreTiations,  botanical,  legal, 
medical,  and  in  records,  will  be  foand 
exceedingly  useful ;  the  articles  on  GaU 
Yanism,  Fine  Printing,  and  Machine  Print- 
ing, are  highly  valuabfe.  Indeed  tbe  work 
recommends  itself  to  every  person  engaged 
in  printing  or  literary  pursuits,  as  an  in- 
diraensable  guide  at  every  step. 

In  his  younger  days  Mr.  Savage  was  a 
good  draughtsman  ;  in  Britton's  Beauties 
of  England  and  Wales,  in  that  part  re- 
lating to  Yorkshire,  are  four  pnnts  en- 
Saved  from  drawings  bv  him ;  1.  view  of 
owden ;  2.  view  of  the  gorgeous  archi- 
tecture  of  the  east  window  of  Howden 
Church,  now  in  ruins ;  3.  view  of  Wressle 
Castle,  near  Howden ;  4.  view  of  Hemin^- 
brough  Church,  near  Selby,  celebrated  for 
its  well-proportioned  and  elegant  spire. 
The  writer  of  this  is  in  possession  of 
some  drawings  of  his  of  the  interior  of 
the  rich  architecture  of  the  octagonal 
chapter-house  of  Howden  Church,  built 
br  Walter  Skiriaw,  Bishop  of  Durham, 
about  the  year  1400,  now  unhappily  in 
ruins.  Mr.  Savage  has  left  three  daugh- 
ters,  one  of  whom  is  now,  and  has  been 
for  some  years  past,  the  highly  respected 
housekeeper  of  the  Royal  Institution  in 
Albemarle  Street.  S.  E. 


OBitTrABT.-^t/bA»  Bwddle,  Ssq. 


[Jan. 


•.*. 


John  Bcddle,  Esq. 

The  following  particulars  are  additional 
to  tbosegiven  in  our  last  Magazine, p.  656. 

Mr.  Buddie's  father  was  a  person  of 
talent  far  above  tbe  common  order. 
He  resided,  in  early  life,  at  Chester-lc- 
Street,  (where  be  is  said  to  have  con. 
ducted  a  school,)  and  aftenvards  at  Bush- 
bUdes,  near  Tanfield.  In  1756  be  is 
mentioned  in  the  Lady's  Diary  as  of 
the  former  place,  and  in  1766  in  the 
Gentleman's  Diary  as  of  the  latter.  In- 
deed,  after  he  removed  to  Wallscnd,  to 
manage  the  famous  colliery  there  for  the 
late  Mr.  Russell,  (the  grandfather  of  tbe 
present  possessor  of  Brancepeth  Castle,) 
he  still  kept  up  his  house  at  Bu^bblades. 
He  seems  to  have  written  his  name 
"  Buddies,'*  as  that  spelling  is  made  use 
of  in  all  tbe  diaries  in  which  be  is  men- 
tioned.  It  is  more  than  probable  thst 
the  elder  Mr.  Buddie  bad  scquired  a 
practical  knowledge  of  mining  previous  to 
bis  commencing  as  a  teacher ;  indeed  the 
rtrj  circumstance  of  his  being  selected 
for  a  very  difficult  duty  by  so  excellent  a 
Aacrirainator  of  talent  as  tbe  kte  Mr. 
Boiiell»  is  enough  to  establish  the  fact. 


He  was  not  onlr  a  great  lorer  of  books, 
but  a  great  reader  of  them  ;  and  he  used 
every  pains  to  fiimish  his  son  with  eda- 
catiomd  means  of  making  his  way  in 
the  world .  He  died  many  vears  ago.  The 
son  (who  was  bom  in  1*374,  near  Pontop, 
in  Northumberland)  resided  with  his 
father  at  Wallsend. 

Mr.  Buddie  0°8t  deceased^  became  a 
member  of  the  Literary  and  Pnilosophical 
Society  of  Newcastle  soon  after  its  com. 
mencement  in  1793,  and  was  one  of  its 
firmest  supporters ;  and  he  took  an  active 
part  in  the  formation  of  tbe  Natural 
History  Society — an  institution  to  which 
he  was  much  attached,  and  to  which  he 
has  been  the  most  valuable  contributor. 
Amongst  the  most  important  of  his 
donations  are  a  model  of  a  coal-mine, 
and  four  large  sections  of  the  Newcastle 
coal-field,  which  are  now  in  the  Societv's 
museum.  The  sections  accompanied  a 
paper  entitled  ''  A  Synopsis  of  the  New- 
castle Coal  Field,*'  which  was  read  at  a 
meeting  of  the  Society,  held  in  December 
1830,  and  is  published  (with  reduced  copies 
of  the  sections^  in  tbe  Society's  Transac- 
tions— in  whicn  several  other  important 
papers  by  Mr.  Buddie  are  to  be  found. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  British  Asso- 
ciation in  Newcastle,  in  1838,  Mr.  Bud- 
die also  read  an  account  of  the  Newcastle 
coal-field,  accompanied  by  models  and 
drawings,  being  an  extension  of  tbe 
"  Synopsis,'*  and  certainly  the  best 
account  of  tbe  Newcastle  (or  perhaps  any 
other^  coaUfield  ever  drawn  up.  This 
valuable  paper  has  not  yet  been  published, 
but  wc  need  hardly  say  that  its  publication 
would  not  only  be  an  act  of  gratitude  on 
the  part  of  tbe  Natural  History  Society, 
but  would  form  one  of  tbe  most  fitting 
monuments  to  tbe  memory  of  its  author. 
Mr.  Buddie  filled  the  office  of  Vice-Pre- 
sident of  the  Society,  and  also  received  a 
similar  honour  from  tbe  Newcastle  In- 
stitution for  the  Promotion  of  tbe  Fine 
Arts. 

In  1813  Mr.  Buddie  addressed  a  letter 
to  Sir  R.  Milbanke,  on  tbe  imperfect 
system  of  ventilating  collieries,  a  subject 
in  which  be  interested  himself  deeply. 
He  also  materially  assisted  Sir  Humphry 
Davy  in  those  experiments  which  ended 
in  tbe  production  of  tbe  "Davy  lamp,*' 
tbe  satety  of  tbe  pitman  being  an  object 
which  he'  seems  constantly  to  have  bad  at 
heart. 

Mr.  Buddie  was  also  a  Commissioner 
of  Dean  Forest,  an  office  of  no  easy  kind, 
but  in  which  be  was  eminently  successful, 
in  conjunction  with  his  colleagues,  Messrs. 
Sopwith  and  Probyn. 

As  the  friend,  as  well  as  colliery, 
manager,  of  the  Marquess  of  Londonderry, 


OniTViLRr, "Joseph  Hatdm^t  Esq* 


Mr.  Bad(ilc  was  well  known.  In  the 
fomiatian  and  completioti  of  Senhnm 
hurbour,  his  assistance  was  invaUitible ; 
uid  be  was  present ^  with  bia  noMe  friend, 
to  wiUiess  the  swccefis  of  their  enterprise » 
in  the  opening  of  the  harbour  on  the  25th 
of  Juljr,  1831,  when  be  saw  the  first  cods 
shipped  from  **  Port  SetibHin  ''  in  n  vessel 
of  his  own.  On  the  Marques;<f  obtaining 
the  Lord'Licuectinncy  of  Durham ,  he 
placed  Mr,  Buddie  in  the  Commission  of 
the  Pence,  an  evidence  in  itself,  if  any 
were  wanting,  ol  the  estimation  in  which 
he  was  held.  He  qadtfied  as  a  mfigistrate 
on  the  nth  of  October,  1842, 


Joseph  IlAaDtNo,  Esq. 

Dff,  19,  At  Finchkj%  in  bia  61st  year, 
Jo«eph  Harding,  E^q,  late  of  Pall  Mall, 

Mr.  Harding  was  the  youngest  brother 
and  a»«istant  of  Mr.  Jonn  Harding,  the 
agrictjltuml  bookseller  of  St,  Jameii's- 
street.  He  afterwards  became  a  printer 
in  St.  John's. squarer  under  the  firm  of 
Harding  and  Wright,  He  then  joined  the 
well-known  bookselling  flim  of  Lacking, 
ton,  Hughes,  Mavor,  and  Co.  in  Fins- 
bury.»quAre  ;  and  on  the  retirement  from 
business  of  Mr,  Geofffc  Lackington^  be- 
came the  head  of  that  establishment, 
which  be  rvraovtd  from  Fmshury-square 
to  Pall  Mttll  Eai^t.  This  firm  publi^hi-d 
many  very  exteitsive  works,  chielly  by 
subscription ;  among  others,  Mr.  Onne- 
rod'f  History  of  Cheshire  ;  perhaps  the 
most  succeflftful,  and  one  of  the  ablest,  of 
ouf  modern  County  Histories;  Dug- 
dftle*8  Monasticon,  in  eight  volumes,  an 
jmoiense  undeitaking,  under  the  editor- 
ahip  of  Dr.  Bandinel,  Mr.  Caley,  and 
Sir  Henry  Elhs  ;  but  we  bijlievc  almost 
the  whole  labour  of  this  arduous  task  was 
sustained  by  the  latter  gentleman  ;  and 
Du^dale*s  St.  Paul's,  edited  by  Sir  Henry 
Elh*  ;  Wood's  Athense  0;ionienscs, edited 
by  Dr,  Bliss;  and  Portraits  of  Illustrious 
reraonages  of  Great  Britain,  with  Lives, 
by  Edmund  Lodge,  Esq,  This  last  work 
waa  B  little  mine  of  wealth  to  Mr.  Hard* 
!ng.  It  wa^  first  published  in  folio  with 
Urge  plates,  and  wa^^  tolerably  successful, 
having  a  very  fair  H*,t  of  tubst^ribers.  But 
it  (jcearred  to  Mr.  HunJiu^',  that  the  work 
would  be  more  profiUtbic  in  a  smaller 
aise,  and  be  te-eugraved  all  the  portraits 
in  a  large  octavo  form;  when  the  work 
became  exceedingly  popular,  and  edition 
after  edition  was  called  for.  Mr.  Hard- 
ing made  a  public  exhibition  of  the  ori- 
ginal drawings,  which  we  believe  were 
Afterwards  sold  by  auction.  He  al^o  sold 
the  copyright  and  plates  by  auction  to 
Mr*  Smith  of  Fleet*street,  for  a  great  sum* 
Mt»  Harding  waa  a  shrewd  clever  mim  of 


bustne^«i ;  from  which  he  retired  in  1836 
with  a  very  hand  some  fortune. 


Alft.  TrtOMAft  Hotus. 

Oct.  14.  In  Ajjollo  Buildings,  Wal. 
worthy  aged  25,  Mr.  Thoma«  Hollis,  a 
rising  artist  prematurely  cut  o^  at  his 
entry  into  a  profession  of  which  he  gave 
early  promise  of  his  ability  to  prove  him- 
self ft  distinguished  member. 

He  was  the  only  son  of  Mr.  George 
Hoi  lis,*  well  known  to  our  antiquarian 
friends  ns  the  joint-projector,  with  the 
subject  of  this  memoir,  of  n  scries  of  en- 
gravings of  Monumental  Effigies  on  the 
plan  of  the  late  Charles  Stothard,  F.S.A. 
andgmndBonof  John  Buckler, esq.  F,S.  A. 

From  his  earliest  youth,  Mr.  f,  Hollis 
evinced  a  great  fondness  for  the  arts,  and 
when  a  schoolboy  he  employed  his  leisure 
hours  in  sketching  fiom  nature  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Monimartre,  where  bi» 
father  then  resided.  He  may  be  con- 
sidered as  a  self-taught  artist ;  he  com- 
menced his  studies  in  the  gallerj'  of  the 
Louvre  at  tlie  early  age  of  fourteen,  and 
made  con's  id  cruble  progress  in  copying 
several  of  the  paintings  there  until  bis 
return  to  England,  when  he  resumed  his 
favourite  study  at  the  British  Museum 
and  the  National  and  DuUvich  Galleries, 
constantly  sketching  from  nature  at  the 
sarnc  lime  ;  and  in  April,  1836,  svft^  ad- 
mitted to  iLc  Royal  Academy  as  ft  St u- 
dentj  pursuing  the  study  of  the  figure  to 
quatify  himself  us  an  historical  painter. 
He  afterwards  became  a  pupil  of  Mr, 
Pickersgill  the  portrait  painter. 

In  183f>,  in  conjunctiun  with  his  father^ 
be  commenced  the  work  on  Sepulchral 
Effigies,  the  first  part  of  which  was  pub- 
lished in  1840;  for  this  work  be  made 
the  dmvvings,  aiud,  on  the  death  of  hts 
father  in  l^\2^  fearing  the  work  might 
be  stopiied,  he  unhappily  came  to  the  re- 
solution of  carrying  it  on  by  his  own  ex- 
ertions, etching  the  plates  as  well  us 
preparing  the  drawings,  Hts  close  appli- 
cation to  this  object,  added  to  the  labours 
of  his  profession,  which  he  pursued  un- 
remittingly %vith  the  laudable  hope  of 
being  able  to  add  to  the  comforts  of  a 
widowed  mother,  was  too  great  for  bis 
powers ;  his  health  sunk  under  his  exer- 
tions, and  made  way  for  a  rapid  con- 
sumption, which  ended  fatally. 

Ttie  study  of  costume  he  designed  to 
have  made  subservient  to  his  favourite 
pursuit  of  historical  painting.  We  have 
seen  two  sketches  of  subjects  derived  fram 
the  early  history  of  England  and  Fnlnce, 
studies  for  larger  jiictures,  which  gave 

^  See  a  memoir  of  Mr,  Q.  HoUu  in 
vol,  xvii.  p,  ^'^:i* 


102 


Obituary.— i(f.  Castmir  Dtlavigne. 


[Jan. 


promise  of  bis  future  talents,  uniting 
accuracy  of  costume  with  the  higher 
qualities  of  art.  The  early  period  of  his 
illness  was  cheered  with  the  hope,  that 
he  would  be  able  to  distinguish  himself 
in  the  honourable  competition  which  was 
opened  to  artists  by  the  encouragement 
offered  by  Government  in  the  projected 
enrichment  of  the  palace  of  Westminster. 

The  few  etchings  which  Mr.  T.  HoK 
lis  made  for  the  work  on  Sepulchral  Effi* 
gies,  although  his  first  efforts  with  the 
gnver,  display  great  spirit  and  truth  ;  and 
the  portraits  painted  by  him  are  valued 
for  their  fidelity  and  the  beauty  of  the 
drawing. 

He  went  to  the  grave  with  the  respect 
of  all  who  knew  him  for  his  unassuming 
manners,  and  the  persevering  energy  with 
which  he  followed  his  favourite  and  fas- 
cinating purtuit,  and  valued  by  his  im. 
mediate  friends  for  the  unceasing  ex- 
ertions which  in  health  he  made  to  sup. 
ply  to  his  family,  as  far  as  his  exertions 
could  do  so,  the  loss  of  his  parent. 

E.  I.  C. 

M.  Casimie  Delavigne. 

Dee.  10.  At  Lyons,  in  his  50th  year, 
M.Casimir  Delavigne,  one  of  the  most 
eminent  modem  French  dramatists,  a 
member  of  the  Acadiroie  Fran9aise,  and 
librarian  at  the  palace  of  Fontainebleau. 

He  was  on  the  way  to  Montpellier,  for 
the  re-establishment  of  his  health,  travel- 
ling by  short  stages.  The  immediate 
cause  of  his  being  obliged  to  stop  at  Ly. 
6ns  on  the  9th  was  a  violent  sore  throat. 
He  went  to  bed  immediately  on  his  ar- 
rival, and  never  rose  from  it  more.  His 
wife  was  reading  to  liim  Scott*s  Guy 
Mannering  when  he  breathed  his  last, 
without  pain,  and  in  the  fuU  possession  of 
his  faculties.  His  son,  a  boy  of  ten 
years  of  age,  was  present. 

For  many  years  he  had  been  in  deli(*ate 
h  ealth,  and  his  manner  of  composing  his 
works  contributed  to  increase  it.  He 
composed  his  works  in  declaiming  them, 
and  he  thus  corrected  them  until  he  was 
satisfied  with  both  the  language  and  situa- 
tion. He  frequently  left  his  room  after 
such  labours  bathed  in  perspiration. 

His  mortal  remains  have  been  brought 
(wck  to  Paris,  where  his  funeral  took 
place  at  Notre*  Dame-de- Bonne-Nou- 
velle,  in  presence  of  all  the  celebrated  li- 
terary men  of  the  day.  The  Th^Htre  Fran, 
cais  was  closed  on  the  evening  of  the 
funeral ;  and  his  bust,  executed  in  marble, 
is  to  be  placed  in  the  saloon  of  the  theatre. 

Delavigne  was  a  native  of  Havre. 
The  character  given  him  by  Jules  Jantn 
in  the  Debats  will  be  md  with  in. 
terost : 


'*  How  shall  we  express  our  admiration 
of  the  calm,  dignified,  and  honourable  life 
of  the  gr^t  poet,  whose  loss  France  de. 
plores  this  day,  after  having  applauded 
him  for  twenty  years  ?  He  is  dead,  the 
noblest  and  worthiest  representative  of 
the  poets  of  former  times  in  the  best 
days  of  poetry.  What  life  more  abound- 
ing with  the  best  works,  and  with  the 
finest  verses?  What  glory,  and  in  this 
glory  what  modesty  ?  What  career  better 
commenced,  and  continued  more  deter- 
minedly or  honestly?  He  has  been  one  of 
the  first  to  trace  the  career  of  modern 
poetry!  A  child  of  the  Restoration,  he 
has  mingled  with  popular  feelings ;  he  has 
always  taken  part  with  the  right.judging. 
He  was  the  first,  with  Lord  Byron  and 
Stranger,  to  comprehend  that  the  Empe- 
ror, even  living,  had  become  a  poetic 
being ;  the  first  to  celebrate  Greece  cap. 
tive  and  resuscitated  ;  he  has  cast  himself 
at  the  feet  of  Joan  of  Arc  ;  he  has  wept 
with  eloauent  tears  over  the  misfortunes 
of  Waterloo. 

*'  This  fine  and  thoroughly  French  soul 
possessed  the  liveliest  instincts  on  all 
relating  to  glory,  pity,  heroism.  His 
first  attempt,  "  The  Sicilian  Vespere,** 
raised  great  hopes  in  literary  France ;  and 
France  was  not  astonished  to  learn  that 
this  new  comer  was  from  the  same  pro- 
vince  as  Corneille.  Recal  to  your  minds, 
you  who  were  then  young,  the  intoiica. 
tion  you  experienced  from  beautiful 
veree,and  the  choruses  of  *'  The  Paria,** 
and  the  burst  of  laughter  that  were  ex- 
cited by  the  charming  satire  of  **  The 
Comedians'*  and  "  The  School  for  Old 
Men.**  Talma  still  lived!  Mademoi- 
selle  Mare  had  retained  all  the  illusion 
and  all  the  brilliancy  of  youth.  Just 
Heavens  !  how  old  it  makes  us !  I  seem 
to  be  still  at  the  first  representation  of 
*•  King  Louis  XI."  when  Monsieur  Ca- 
simir  Delavipe  wished  to  show  that  he 
also  knew  nghtl^  how  to  employ  all  the 
point  and  magnificence  of  tne  modem 
drama.  Indefatigable  genius  —  eloquent 
pleasantry  —  he  was  terrible,  he  was 
charming !  He  could  play  with  the  most 
dangerous  heroes;  witness  Charles  V. 
and  Philip  II.,  and  that  history  of  Don 
John  of  Austria,  that  Calderon  or  Lope 
de  Vega  would  not  have  rejected.  These 
were  his  palmy  days — davs  of  triumph 
and  of  battles  gained.  He  abandoned 
himself  willingly  to  the  inspiration  of  the 
moment ;  he  Delicvcd  in  chance,  as  do, 
in  some  degree,  all  men  of  genius.  In 
the  same  manner  that  he  found  "  Don 
John  of  Austria"  in  opening  by  chance 
the  "  Bii^raphie  Univereelle,"  he  found 
**  Les  Enfims  d*Edouard  "  in  Shakspere, 
wi  in  the  Bible  **  Uoe  Fimille  de  Lu. 


1844] 


Obituary.— X  E  Kind.—Ckr^^  Deceased. 


103 


Iher/'  and  in  the  •'  Cid  '*  of  Omcille 
ihmt  totrching  elegy  of  **  LaFille  du  Cid." 
"  An  nble  writer,  still  more  a  writer 
ot  good  sense  thnn  u  writer  of  genius,  be 
f  gave  up  nil  to  poetry  ciiept  the  liiws  of 
^  gTHtnuiar ;  he  uns  carty  ntn  ttired  with  tbu 
strongest  and  most  seriona  studies^  ine« 
ditsrive,  diffident;  loving  retirement,  hnppy 
in  the  charming  solitude  of  his  family! 
One  dare»  not  say  how  old  he  was  when 
lie  died.  One  diirea  not  rakulnte  all  the 
noble  tfioughts  inclosed  in  ttiut  nuble 
bcart,  till  the  beautiful  verses  cotituined 
in  that  bead  whieh  its  bluck  locks  still 
thudcd.  He  lived  without  other  renown 
thon  poetic  renown,  witbotit  other  um- 
bilion  thtin  success  doiivcd  from  the 
theatre — be  died  in  the  midst  of  prtiise 
and  universal  Inmenfation ,  Weep  for  him , 
you  who  love  iinc  verses,  tender  thoughts, 
wit  without  gall,  gface  witbotit  affecta- 
tion ;  weep  for  him,  you  who  love  a 
laboriutts  life^  well-carucd  ^lury,  domestic 
virlnes,  salutftry  examples,  proud  spirits, 
upright  minds ;  simplicity  with  talent, 
the  sweet  and  calm  good  humour  whicli 
oriies  from  a  quiet  conscience  and  from 
duties  fulfilled.  He  dies  still  young  ;  byt 
biK  life  \iAB  been  a  full  one,  but  bis  name 
cannot  die,  but  he  leaveis  hi?  masterpieces 
behind  him,  and  even,  for  io  this  nvolu. 
lion  of  July  all  ought  to  be  pucifie,  in  the 
popular  VTOvks  of  our  puet  ^vc  find  (he 
song  of  glory  and  of  pnrdon  for  the  revo- 
lution oi  July,  Signal  honour  of  a  song 
of  triuinpb  under  wbieb  the  calmest  and 
moat  loyal  poet  of  France  bus  (bur^d  his 
repose.  He  is  no  in  ore  I  Lyons,  the 
hospitable  city,  has  accompanied  him  to 
her  goteis,  to  which  he  wus  lost  with 
regret.  Paris,  which  has  so  loved  him, 
expecu  him  nfter  to-morrow  to  bestow 
oil  him  funeral  rites  worthy  of  our  grati- 
tude, our  regret,  our  reverence/* 


ried  '*  to  the  music  of  Weber.  He  died 
on  the  night  it  was  performed  in  the 
Roynl  Theatre  at  Dresden  for  the  186th 
time. 


J.  K  KiNi>. 

July  ..  At  Drei^den,  in  his  76th  year. 
the  once  popular  German  novelist  and 
dramatist,  J,  Fiicdrich  Kind. 

He  wm  born  at  Leipzig,  ^larth  4, 
1768.  Hii  productions  arc  so  exceed- 
ingly numerous,  amounting  altogether  to 
some  fourscore  volumes,  that  nothing  but 
a  tiist^rate  reputation  could  keep  the  mass 
of  theiij  from  sinking  into  cfbtivion,  espr- 
ciaUy  aa  they  arc  of  a  elasa  wbu»e  readers 
require  the  stimulus  of  nuvi'lty^  He  wns 
most  of  all  sueeessful  in  h\s  tales  and 
ahorler  narratives,  which  have  the  re- 
commendation  of  being  of  unobjectionable 
inorol  tendency.  Among  his  dramatic 
piece*,  his  *'  Van  Dyk's  Landlcben  "  i» 
the  most  esteemed,  but  **  Dcr  FrieschQts'* 
the  only  one  which  produced  a  Kensntion 
in  the  theatrical  world,  hy  being  *•  nmr- 


(^:lergy  deceased. 

Oct  25.  At  Streamville,  Wexford, 
aged  4i,  the  Rev.  Nicholas  Otithtfert 
fen  wick ,  Rector  of  KilHiiJck, 

A^uv.  2.  At  a  very  advanced  age,  the 
Rev.  Ilumiihreif  Lloyd ^  Vicar  of  Llnn- 
vawr,  nearllala,  Merionethshire,  to  which 
he  was  collated  in  1810  by  Dr.  Luxmoore, 
then  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph. 

At  Cottesmore,  co.  Rutland,  aged  7D, 
the  Rev.  Henry  IVttliam  Net^ile,  Rector 
of  ihflt  parish.  He  was  of  Trinity  college, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  !798,  M.A.  1801;  and 
was  presented  to  his  living  in  1812  by  Sir 
Gerard  Noel,  Burt.  He  svus  father  of 
Henry  Nevile,  c^q.  of  Walcot  l*ark  near 
Stamford,  and  father-in-law  of  Henry 
O'Brien,  esq.  of  Tixover,  and  of  the 
II 00.  and  Hcv.  J.  Fortescne. 

N&p.  6.  In  the  Isle  of  Wight,  aged  37, 
the  Rev.  Thoma»  Pi  don  Jenkins,  for- 
merly Curate  of  Shalfleet,  a  nephew^  of 
Sir  Thomas  Ficton. 

At  "^Vinehester,  from  being  thrown 
from  his  horse  four  days  before,  aged  24, 
the  Rev.  John  C.  Utihhahs,  S.C.L. 
Fellow  of  ^c\y  college,  Ostford,  eldest 
son  of  Charles  LiUlebaleSj  esq,  of  Win, 
cheater. 

Nov.  7-  Aged  49,  the  Rev.  Jamn 
PHVctll,  Vicar  of  Worminghall,  Bucks, 
to  which  he  was  presented  by  Lord  CI  if- 
den  in  1837. 

Not,  8.  At  Leedit,  Ktnt,  aged  84.  the 
Rev.  ThoTtwji  Lomm^  for  45  years  Per- 
perual  Curate  of  that  parish.  He  was  of 
B  ra  zen  ose  CO  1 1  ege ,  Ox  f  o  r  d ,  M .  A .  1 786 . 

JVoF.  10.  At  York,  the  Rev.  WiHiam 
Flower t  jnn.  M.A,  Reetor  of  South 
Hykeham,  Lincolnshire,  and  Chaplain  of 
York  Castle.  He  was  presented  to  South 
Hykehani  in  1837  by  the  Lord  Chuocellof, 

Nw.  14.  At  Tatenhill,  Staffordshire, 
aged  50,  the  Rev.  J—M—  Cr^ieif, 
Cuiftte  of  that  place.  He  was  killed  by 
falling  ijito  a  well,  after  dark. 

Nov.  19.  At  fligh  Hoyland,  near 
Wakefield,  ihe  Rev.  Samuel  FenneU^ 
D,D.  He  was  formerly  Fellow  and  Tutor 
of  Queen**  college,  Cambridge,  and  some 
time  Principol  of  the  Proprietary  Sehool, 
Wakefield.  Mr.  Fennel  I  was  \  1  th  Wrang- 
ler in  1821,  and  proceeded  to  his  ALA, 
degree  1824,  and  D.D,  1839.  Duiing 
the  time  he  was  tutor,  he  very  greatly 
distinginshcd  himself  by  his  talentt  and 
assiduity.  As  Principal  of  the  Proprie- 
tar^  School,  Wakefield,  \\h  conduct  wi| 
nmversally  approved. 


104  Qergjf  Decetutd. 

N<M,  21.  At  OroftoD,  Yorkshire,  in 
bis  80tb  year,  the  Rev.  Utriin  Jo9eph 
JV^iyfor.D.D.  Rector  of  that  parish.  He 
was  a  native  of  Batley  Carr,  near  Dews- 
bury.  In  due  time  he  proceeded  to 
Queen's  college,  Cambridge,  where  he 
was  third  Wrangler  in  1787,  and  was 
bracketed  indeed  with  the  second ;  M.A. 
1790,  D.D.  1799;  was  Fellow  of  his 
college,  and  fulfilled  the  duties  of  Proctor 
at  a  time  which  called  forth  peculiar  firm- 
ness of  character  in  preserving  the  peace 
of  Uie  town.  From  college  he  went  to 
Wdcefield,  being  appointed  afternoon 
lecturer  at  the  parish  church ;  was  chosen 
head  master  of  the  Grammar  School,  and 
afterwards  had  the  vicarage  of  Penistone. 
Both  the  latter  prefermenu  he  resigned, 
after  having  resided  at  Wakefield  and  the 
vicinity  for  nearly  half  a  century,  on  be- 
coming  the  Rector  of  Crofton.  He  still 
continued  Chaplain  to  the  West  Riding 
Lunatic  Asylum,  having  only  recently 
vacated  that  duty.  In  1810  be  published 
a  volume  of  Discourses  on  the  Evidences 
of  Christianity,  in  which  the  ar^ment  is 
correctly,  powerfullv,  and  satisfactorily 
stated.  Also  several  occasional  sermons 
and  addresses,  chiefly  on  Masonic  occa- 
sions, in  his  capacity  of  Provincial  Grand 
Chaplain.  For  90  years  he  was  Editor 
of  toe  Wakefield  Journal,  during  the 
time  it  was  published  bv  the  late  Mr. 
Rowland  Hurst  and  his  family,  in  which 
he  showed  himself  a  consistent  friend  of 
Reform. 

No9.  22.  At  Brinkworth  hall,  near 
York,  aged  80,  the  Rev.  John  GMtlif, 
Senior  Canon  of  the  Collegiate  church, 
Manchester,  and  Rector  of  St.  Marv's  in 
that  town.  He  was  of  Brazenose  college, 
Oxford,  M.A.  1789.  He  was  elected  a 
Fellow  of  Manchester  nearly  45  years 
ago,  and  had  been  Rector  of  St.  51ary*8 
for  39  years. 

At  Walton-on-the-HiU,  near  Liverpool, 
aged  76,  the  Rev.  Thomas  3iou,  Vicar 
of  that  place.  He  was  son  of  the  late 
Robert  Moss,  esq.  of  Sandhill,  near 
Liverpool  f  was  of  University  college, 
Oxford,  M.A.  1789 ;  and  was  presented 
to  his  living  by  the  Rev.  Samuel  Heath- 
cote,  then  Rector,  in  1816.  He  had  been 
in  the  commission  of  the  peace  for  Lanca- 
shire from  1812,  and  was  the  third  in 
point  of  seniority  among  the  magistrates 
of  the  county. 

Nw, ...  At  Osbaldwick,  Yorkshire, 
aged  50,  the  Rev.  CAarJet  InaU,  Vicar  of 
that  parish,  and  of  Haxby,  Murton,  and 
Strensall,  all  villages  in  the  vicinity  of 
York,  and  Fellow  of  St.  Peter's  coUcpe, 
Cambridge.  He  had  laboured  for  nme 
months  under  severe  nervous  depression, 
and  shot  himself  through  the  heirt  during 
13 


[Jan. 

the  influence  of  ''temporary  derange, 
ment.**  He  was  presented  in  1827  to  all 
his  churches,  which  are  in  the  gift  of 
prebendaries  of  York. 

Not,  24.  At  Withycombe,  Somerset, 
the  Rev.  JrtkMr  OuarUt  VertUi,  Vicar 
of  that  parish,  formerly  of  Wadworth  near 
Doncaster.  He  was  of  Clare  hall.  Cam- 
bridge,  B. A.  1802,  M.A.  1806  ;  and  was 
presented  to  Withvcombe  in  1820. 

Dee,  1.  At  Alcester,  Warwickshire, 
the  Rev.  Franeit  Palmer,  Rector  of  that 
parish,  to  which  he  was  presented  in  1807 
oy  the  Marquess  of  Heitford. 

At  St.  John's,  Cornwall,  aged  68,  the 
Rev.  WiliiamBoWj  for  thirt^-five  years 
Rector  of  that  parish,  to  which  he  was 
presented  in  1808  bv  R.  P.  Carew,  esq. 

Dec.  6.  At  Clophill,  Bedfordshire,  aged 
88,  the  Rev.  William  Pierce  NethereoU, 
LL.B.  Rector  of  that  place,  and  Vicar  of 
Pulloxhill.  He  was  presented  to  both 
churches  in  1799  by  Lady  De  Grey. 

Dec.  8.  At  East  Blatchington,  afed 
75,  the  Rev.  John  Lewis,  Rector  of  that 
parish,  to  which  he  was  presented  in  1804 
by  John  King,  esq. 

At  Wortley,  near  Leeds,  aged  54,  the 
Rev.  George  iiickardi,  for  more  than  30 
years  Perpetual  Curate  of  that  chapelry, 
to  which  ne  was  presented,  by  trustees, 
in  1813. 

Dec.  9.  At  Wortheobury,  Flintshire, 
affed  38,  the  Rev.  Hugh  3iaitkk,  Rector 
of  that  parish,  to  which  he  wms  pmented 
in  1832  by  Sir  R.  Puleston. 

DEATHS. 

LONOON   AND   ITS  VlCINITT. 

No9.  4.  At  Stamford-hill,  aged  66, 
Jane,  relict  of  Joshua  Hobson,  esq. 

Nov.  17.  At  his  house,  Clapham-rise, 
aged  83,  Daniel  Stewart,  esq. 

Nov.  SO.  At  Tottenham,  Miss  Julia 
Parkin,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Anthony 
Parkin,  esq.  of  the  General  Post  Ojffice. 

At  Clapham-common,  Lom'sa-Janet, 
youngest  daa.  of  the  late  Alexander  Gibb, 
esq. 

Nov.  23.  Suddenly,  at  08borne*s  hotel, 
of  disease  of  the  heart,  aged  65,  Richard 
H.  Alexander,  esq.  surgeon,  of  Corshyam, 
Wilts. 

Aged  48,  Ann,  wife  of  Geoige  Banks, 
es^.of  Bridge-st.Westminiter,  and  Thames 
Ditton,  Surrey. 

In  Bathurst-st.  Hyde  Park-gardens, 
Margaret,  relict  of  W.  F.  Bridell,  esq. 

Nov.23.  Aged  88,  William  Greenwood, 
esq.  of  Featheratone-buildings,  Holbom. 

At  Hammersmith,  Mary-Bremner,  wife 
of  James  A.  Roy,  esq.  late  Capt.  71st 
Hkhland  Light  Inf. 

14  Geoi|^.  Portmaniq.  aged  38, 


»1MS.] 


Obitttaby. 


103 


AkxKDder  Gr&Dt^  eftq*  of  the  B^tig^nl  Ciril 
Serrice, 

At  ClaphAm^   a^d  d9,  Mrs.  Summa 
_Onne. 

AW.  94,    In  John-9t.  FibEroy-BC|,  aged 

Bemani  Bayley,  esq.  Aisistaat  Com- 

flniMiry  Geo.,  and  many  years  at  the  head 

of  tlie  Audit  Office  for  West  lodia  Ac 

counts* 

Ag«d  57,  Lydltf  wife  of  John  Doggett, 

q.  «f  Shoreditch, 
^or,  85*  At  Kennington,  aged  73,  Elt- 
_      etb,  relict  of  William  Rins^sted  Barber, 
9mi,  of  Wr«8tlingworth»  near  Potton,  Bcda. 

Ag«d  77  r  Mrs.  Goulding,  widow  of 
Georgv  Godldingr  esq.  of  Soho-aq. 

In  Regent>«q.  aged  29,  x\rthur  Wood- 
hoaae,  esq. 

At  Heme-Mll,  aged  83,  MtM  Charlotte 
Jones. 

Aged  61 1  George  Cooj^er,  esq.  of  Ely-pl. 

lo  Chester-terr,  Regent's  F^rk^  aged 
83 r  TliODiaa  Parke,  esq. 

Nov^  26.  At  Ulington,  aged  75 »  Mrs. 
Sanh  Rawlinii  aunt  to  the  Rev.  J.  S. 
Sergrofe,  Rector  of  St.  Mary  Somerset. 

At  BLickheath,  aged«^l  ,WiUiam  Brown- 
ing, cjq. 

In  B;rkeley-sq.  John  Hamillon  Elriog- 
ton,  e»q.  late  Lient.-Col.  Scots  Fusilier 
Guards. 

JVor.  27.  In  Blooroubury-sq.  aged  [m, 
Lady  Siln!*ter,  relict  of  Sir  John  Silves- 
ter, Bart,  of  Yardley  House,  Essex,  and 
fsfinerly  Recorder  of  London.  She  was 
Harriot^  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Owen  Davies, 
of  South amnton ;  was  married  first  to  the 
IU*v.  John  tioghes  Speedy  of  Eling,  Itamp- 
sbire;  and  secondly,  in  Dec,  1793,  to  Sir 
Jolm  Silvester,  who  died  in  l!d2^. 

Afed  82,  Thotnas  Dornford,  es^j.  for- 
merly Member  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Coimcil  for  the  City  for  3i  years. 

In  DufourS'pL  Golden-sq.  aged  75, 
Mr.  Joseph  Too  good,  for  upwar(&  of  30 
yaars  Surveyor  of  Pavementi. 

In  fi loom^bury-sq.  aged  79|  James 
Brown,  esq. 

Aged  4.H,  Edward  George  Howell  Shep- 
herd, esq.  eldest  son  of  the  lata  Edward 
€harte«  Howell  Shepherd,  esq.  of  Devoa- 
•kire-tt.  Portland -pL 

Aged  16,  Mary- Ana,  eldest  dau.  of 
John  K.  GiUiat,  esq.  of  Claphum-common. 

iVor.Sd,  In  St.  George*s-pL  Hyde  Park- 
comer,  aged  83, Thomas Goding,  esq,  for- 
merly a  celebrated  brewer  at  Knights. 
bifidge. 

Aged  19,  Prances-Georgiana,  eldest  dau. 
of  Sir  Launcelot  Shadwell,  Vice  Chan- 
oellor  of  England. 

LiVot*.  29*  At  his  house  in  Bolton-«t. 
Piccadilly,  aged  47 »  Charlei  Brinsley 
Slieridan,  c»<j.  second  son  of  the  cele- 
brated Right  Hon,  Richard  Brinsley  She- 


I 


ridan,  by  hi«  second  wife,  Miss  Ogle, 
whose  fortune  he  inherited  ;  and  uncle  by 
half-blood  to  Lady  DufTerio,  Lady  Sey- 
mour, and  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Norton. 

At  Harley  House,  Regent's  Park,  aged 
63,  Rebecca,  widow  of  Charles  Day,  esq. 

At  Highgate,  aged  56,  William  Vewens, 
esq.  Conveyancer,  of  Pinners*  Hall,  Old 
Broad -St. 

At  Htghgate,  aged  76,  Charles  Griffith, 
esq.  formerly  of  St.  Andrew's,  Holbom. 

In  Upper  Phillimore-pi.  Kensington, 
aged  53,  Richard  Sarel,  esq, 

L^iety,  At  his  residence,  Greenwich 
Hospital,  aged  62,  Lieut.  Edward  de 
Montmorency,  R.N.  only  surviving  son  of 
the  Rev,  Redmond  Morres,  of  Mallow,  co. 
Cork,  and  nephew  of  the  late  Lord  Vis- 
count Frankfort  dc  Montmorency, 

At  Lodge-road,  Regent's- park,  aged 
70,  Richard  Chambers,  esq.  of  Cradley- 
hall,  Herefordshire,  and  late  of  Witburne- 
conrt,  a  Magistrate  and  Deputy-Lieut,  for 
the  counties  of  Hereford  and  Worcester. 

Henrietta,  daughter  of  Sir  M»  H.  Beachp 
Bart. 

At  Stamford  Hill,  aged  ^^,  June,  re- 
lict of  Joshua  Hobsoin  e«q. 

J5ec.  1.  In  Pall  Mall,  aged  89,  James- 
Henry  Barnouiu,  esq.  late  of  the  Ord- 
nance Department,  Tower, 

At  Clapton,  Mary-Jane,  wife  of  John 
Loxley,  esq.  and  eldest  dau.  of  James 
Morley,  esq.  of  Green-street  House,  East- 
ham  , 

In  Bruton-pl.  aged  32,  Henry,  third 
son  of  John  Flower,  esq. 

At  Walworth,  aged  73,  Georg«  Wil- 
liam Paddon,  esq.  formerly  Major  in  9Tth 
Regt, 

Dec.  2,  At  Parson's -green,  Mary-Anne, 
wife  of  Jamea  Lay  ton,  esq. 

Aged  ^t  Ferdinando  Jeyc«,  esq.  of 
Chancery -lone. 

Having  that  day  completed  his  18th 
year,  Mr.  Robert  Combs,  fifth  son  of  Mr. 
Henry  James  Combs,  of  Lawrence  Ptmnt- 
ney  Hill.  His  proficiency  in  the  classics, 
and  particularly  in  the  Hebrew  laoguage, 
had  gained  for  him  contlderabfe  distinc- 
tion at  Merchaat-Tailars'  School,  which 
he  entered  in  18113.  In  the  present  year 
he  won  the  Montcfiore  Medal  as  the  best 
Hebrew  scholar ;  but  the  incessant  assi- 
duity and  zeal  with  which  he  pursued  his 
favourite  study,  combined  with  physical 
disorganization,  broke  down  his  constitu- 
tion. To  high  mental  abilities  he  united 
the  mo?t  estimable  and  endearing  qualities. 

Dec.  3,  Mr.  George  Douchex,  surgeon, 
formerly  of  Gower-st.  Bedford -sq* 

Dec.  4.  At  Walworth,  aged  30,  Ca- 
tharine, wife  of  George  Kincaid,  esq. 

In  York -pi.  Mile -end -road,  aged  7ti, 
George  Morrist  esq. 

P 


W6 


OBrrvABr. 


[Jan. 


la  81.  JolHi'ft  Wood  RMd,  wgfd  £9, 
C^dMriae,    widow   of  Jofcpk    Skdtim, 

ike.  5.  At  lUtlaidUfsU,  H jde  Pbrk. 
Mn.  Wke,  r^ct  of  Matthew  Wke,  oq. 

Oi  MJtMWUBt^bO/tt» 

At  l^aftOB,  aged  »l,  Mr.  Edward 
Latdock,  of  the  EqaitaUe  Amunaet 
OAce. 

ZVv.  &  la  Bmiwidc-aq.  aged  84, 
MfB.  Sarah  HadMra. 

la  CliftoB.pl.  Waadaworth^road,  i^ 
61,  TfaaoCkj  HobMa,  eiq.  kte  of  the 
VktaaOiag  Oftee,  Soaicnet  Honae,  and 
of  Kirkbjr  Loaadale,  WeadaorelaBd. 

Dte.  7>  Afed  39,  Mr.  Heary  Owen 
TalMmnfia,  of  the  TUlie  Coaimiiaion 
OAce. 

Heary  Coode,  eaq.  of  the  Gnnre,  Keat- 
iab  Towa,  leeoad  soa  oC  Edward  Coode, 
caq.  oC  St.  Aaatdl,  Corawafl. 

Dte.  8.  Aged  79,  Robert  Laa^eyAp- 
pleyard,  eaq.  of  Moatagae-st.  aad  Lm- 
eola's-ina. 

Dee,  9.  Mr.  Joha  Harcourt.  He  for- 
merly reiided  ia  the  pariah  of  Benaoad- 
aey,  aad  haa,  by  hii  will,  beqaeathed  to 
the  charchwardeas  of  that  pariah  the  lam 
of  1000/.  Three  per  Ceat.  Coasola  for 
erer  apoa  traat,  to  paj  the  iatereat  (30/.) 
amoagat  W  poor  widows  of  the  parish 
who  IwTe  aerer  recdTed  paroehial  relief, 
IS  of  whom  to  be  the  relicts  of  taaaers 
aad  leather-dreaaers ;  the  distribotioB  to 
be  aiade  yearly  oa  the  31st  December. 

Dee.  10.  Aged  65,  Mr.  Joha  Hill,  of 
Chariag  Croaa  aad  Spriag  Gardeas. 

Aged  63,  Richanl  Beaver,  esq.  at 
Hampstcad. 

Dee.  12.  Aged  79,  Isaac  Moore,  esq. 
of  Portmaa-pL  Maida-hilL 

lieat.-Col.  Joha  Moataga,  late  of  the 
Coldstream  Oaards. 

BsDf.— AToir.  16.  At  Bedford,  aged 
83,  Sarah,  widow  of  Joha  Staiaes,  esq. 

BamKa.— AToir.  18.  At  Waatage,  aged 
68,  Aaae,  wife  of  the  Rer.  Joha  Viney 
Battoa. 

JVor.  30.  At  Old  Wiadsor,  aged  41, 
Joha,  soa  of  Mr.  Samael  Bagster  of  Old 
Wiadsor,  aad  Pateraoster-row,  publisher. 

Dee.  11.  At  Paagboarae  Lodge,  aged 
49,  Elisabeth,  wife  of  Sir  James  Fellowes, 
late  of  Adbary  Hoase,  Haats.  She  was 
the  eldest  daaghter  aad  coheiress  of  Jo- 
seph James,  esq.  of  Adbary  House, 
Haats,  aad  was  aiarried  ia  1816. 

CAMaaiDOE.  —  Lately.  At  Harstoa, 
aged  74,  William  Taylor,  esq. 

Dee.  5.  Fraaces,  eldest  dan.  of  the 
Re?.  Nicholas  Isaac  Hill,  Rector  of  Snail- 
well. 

CuMaaaLAMO.— ATov.  17.  Aged  G8, 
Joha  Barwis,  esq.  of  Laagrigg  Hall. 


Dkbbt. — ^Tar.  23.  At  Radborae,  i^ed 
23,  Aaaa^Maria,  ddeat  daa.  of  E.  S. 
Chaadoa  Pole,  esq. 

Dee.  5.  At  Derby,  aged  73,  Richard 
Forcater  Forester,  esq.  M.D. 

Darox.  —  Aav.  1».  At  Devoaport, 
aged  76,  Mr.  Joha  Kcat,  kaowa  as  the 
aathor  of  "  The  Origiaal  Goapd  Hyains 
aadPocais." 

AW.  26.  At  Plyasoath,  aged  60,  Com- 
aiaader  Hagh  Doaald  Caaseroa  Doa^as, 
R.N.  He  accideatally  fdl  orer  fht  Bar- 
bicaa  Qaay  late  at  ai^  aad  waa  drowa- 
ed.  He  waa  auide  Lieateaaat  to  the 
Saa  Doaiii^  74  on  the  North  Aaaerican 
statioa,  Jaa.  11,  1814  ;  aad  adfaaeed  to 
the  raak  of  Coauaaader  on  the  28th  of 
Aag.  1827;  aad  had  jast  paid  off  the 
Tweed,  20,  from  the  North  Americaa  aad 
West  ladiaa  statioa. 

iVav.  27.  Jaae,  wife  of  Harry-Gobias 
Kcrsteaiaa,  eaq.  of  Exeter. 

^Tor.  30.  At  T<»qaay,  «ged  79,  Maiga- 
ret,  wife  of  Wm.  Clarfc,  eaq. 

Lately.  At  Teigaaioath,Thoa.  Midiell, 
eaq.  late  of  Croftwest,  Corawall,  brother 
of  the  late  Adm.  Michell. 

Dee.  2.  At  Maaihcad,  aged  79,  Hagh 
Elliott,  eaq. 

AtWestoa  Hoase,  aeaiTotaeas,  aged  90, 
William  Vassall,  esq. 

Dee.  8.  Aged  61,  Fraaces,  dan.  of  the 
late  John  WilUaais,  eaq.  of  Exeter. 

Dee.  10.  At  Topaham,  aear  Exet^, 
i^ed  73,  Joha  Yeatherd,  eaq.  late  of  Boa- 
logne-snr-Mer. 

Dee.  12.  At  his  seat,  Saadford  Orleigh, 
Newton,  aged  60,  George  Templer,  eaq. 
formeriy  of  Stover  Hoaae,  Chadleigh  ;  a 
Magistrate  of  the  oouaty,  aad  a  gentle- 
Biaa  of  ancient  family.  In  early  life  he 
was  known  as  a  keen  sportsman.  He  was 
equalled  by  few  for  power  aad  ekgaace  of 
oratory,  aad  possessed  literary  taJeats  of 
no  mean  order. 

Dec.  13.  At  Exmouth,  John  Houghton, 
esq. 

Dorset.-— ATor.  19.  At  Poole,  Thomas 
Johnson  Aitkin,  M.D.,  F.R.C.S.E.,  and 
Member  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physi- 
cians,  London.  For  many  years  he  waa 
a  distinguished  teacher  of  Anatomy,  Phy- 
liology,  and  Materia  Medica  in  Edin- 
burgh, and  in  1838  published  a  work  on 
Physiology. 

Dec.  2.  At  Piddletown,  aged  SO.Charles 
Burt,  esq.  Capt.  Royal  Engineers. 

Dec.  9.  At  Rhode  House,  Lyme  Regis, 
Mary- Julia,  lady  of  Adm.  the  Hon.  Sir 
John  Talbot,  G.C.B.,  and  sister  of  the 
Lord  Arundell  of  Wardour.  She  was 
married  in  1815,  and  has  left  two  sons 
and  fire  daughters. 

Durham.  —  Lately.  At  Woodlands, 
near  Darliogtoa,  aged  57,  J.  Wood,  esq. 


J«44.] 


Ob1T17AR\% 


107 


Es^Kx, — Aop.  il.    At   Wa]tb«u9tow, 
i^ed  11,  Joiiab  IliiidmAQ,  esq. 
Nov,  30.  At  Bftrkin^,  Alexander  Glea- 

At  Grange,  near  LBjtoiir  «ged  70^  Mr. 
Wiltiam  Rhodei.      In  his  business  sa  a 

brickoiaker  he  amassed  immense  wealth, 
and  wft«  the  ovrncr  of  considerable  estates 
^id  extensive  property  in  houses  in  dif- 
ferent outkt«  of  the  metropolis,  but  par- 
ticoUrly  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Dolston 
and  West  Hackney.  Within  the  Inst  few 
jears  he  made  vast  improvements  in  and 
t  Dalstoa.  He  also  made  the  Queen 's- 
,  Richmood-roadr  and  Grange- road, 
bniU  the  numerous  dwelling-houseis 
OQ  either  side.  Some  time  ago  he  was 
uiToWed  in  a  lawsuit  with  Mr.  Benyou 
about  hii  lease  of  the  Beauroir  estate, 
Kingaland,  which  he  lost,  and  which  cost 
him  from  G0,000/.  to  lO.aOiiL  He  was 
iu  the  habit  of  paying  tu  the  pere^ons  in 
his  employment  from  1,300/.  to  1,4(K}/. 
weekly.  Numerous  offers  were  made  to 
him  to  construct  machinery  for  moulding 
bricks,  which  would  conaiderably  lessen 
the  necessity  for  manual  labour,  but  he 
invariably  opposed  the  introduction  of 
madiineryfor  sach  purposes. 

Laielif*  At  Paafleld  rectory,  aged  77* 
Mary-Tebenham,  wife  of  the  Rer.  Robert 
Leman  Page,  Rector  and  patron  of  Pan- 

Dtc.  i.  Misji  Margaret  Spicer,  late  of 
Gore  Cottage,  Romford. 

Gloucsster. — NiiV'  11.  At  Clifton, 
Anna*Manar  relict  of  the  Rct.  Love  Ro» 
bcrti4>ii,  Vicar  of  Bridiitow,  Herefordsblre. 

K9V.  18.  At  Briatol,  Mary. Elizabeth, 
widow  of  the  Rev*  Christian  Godfried 
Clemens,  many  years  of  the  Moravian 
church* 

At  Charlton  Ktng^s,  Commander  John 
Bowen,  R.  N,  (18;i6>,  formerly  of  Bris- 
tol. 

At  the  Manor-houae,  Swindon^  near 
Cheltenham,  aged  59,  Elizabeth,  relict 
of  John  Hughes  Goodlakc,  esq. 

LaUly,  At  Rose-hill,  Cheltenbani,  T. 
Andrew,  esq. 

Miss  Dimsdate,  of  Frenchay,  near  Bris- 
tol, a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends. 
She  bequeathed  by  will  to  eight  ebaritahte 
societies  of  that  city  ^OU/.  each,  to  the 
Bible  Society  and  Morav^ian  Misaiouary 
Society  )  ,000/.,  and  to  the  parish  of  Man- 
gotafield  500/. ;  in  all  6,500/.  which  are 
in  course  of  payment  by  the  executors. 
After  the  decsaae  of  certain  annuitaiiti,  a 
dirther  sum  of  about  ^iQ^mmL  will  be 
divisible  among  the  same  ten  institu- 
tions* 

At  Coatcs,  aged  19,  James,  eldest  son 
of  the  Rev.  Moss  King,  Rector  of  Critchcl , 
near  Blandford,  Dorset, 


At  Cheltenham,  aged  7^,  Maria,  relict 
of  the  Rev*  A.  K.  Sheraon,  of  Fctcham, 
Surrey. 

JDec.  3.  Aged  47,  George  Webb  Hall, 
esq.  of  Sneed  Park :  a  zealous  praGtical 
agriculturifit  and  a  very  amiable  man.  He 
was  the  author  of  several  conimunications 
to  the  British  Association,  and  of  others 
publiahetl  in  the  Literary  Gazette. 

Dtc.  G.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  79,  Eli* 
xabeth,  wife  of  William  Merry,  esq* 

Hants*— A'&i\  20.  At  Ema worth,  aged 
28,  William  Baynes,  jun.  esq.  jbarriitcr- 
At-law  of  the  Middle  Temple. 

Nov.  *21.  Maria  Bligh,  wife  of  J.  W. 
Newton,  esq.  of  Frecniantle-lodge,  Shir- 
ley, near  Soutbampton. 

Lately.  At  St.  HeleD*s,  near  Ryde, 
aged  6S,  Mr.  James  Dawes,  brother  of 
the  late  Baroiiesa  Feuchi^rea. 

At  Bitterne,  near  Southampton,  aged 
93,  James  Dott,  esq. 

ht  Caris-brook©  Caalle,  aged  87 f  Mrs. 
Simdden. 

At  Southampton,  Elizabeth,  relict  of 
John  Jones,  esq.  formerly  of  Lymiogton* 

Dec,  1,  At  Southampton,  aged  57, 
Robert  Wolniisley,  esq. 

Dec,  JJ.  At  Newport,  L  W.  aged  79, 
Thomas  Barrow,  Cfic).  late  of  the  General 
Post  Office. 

At  Winchester,  egcd  81,  Miss  Martha 
Hayter,  in  couseqaenoc  of  her  dresi 
catching  Are  the  preceding  evening. 

Herts.— J\"ot?,  22.  At  Watford,  aged 
57,  William  Pratt,  esq.  late  of  Russell-sq. 
and  formerly  of  America -square. 

HtTNTiNGOOK, — Ntiti,  25.  AtBeming- 
ford  Grey,  aged  67*  Thomas  Marge tti,  esq* 

Kent. — Aug*  l(i.  AtToubridge  Wells, 
Major- Gen.  Edward  Hutchins  Belasis, 
Bombay  Engineers.  He  was  the  third 
son  of  Major- Gen.  John  Bellasii,  of  the 
Bombay  Artillery,  who  di^d  at  Bombay 
in  1808,  by  Annc-Martbtt,  daughter  of  the 
Rev.  John  Hutchins,  Rector  of  Warchami 
the  hitftodan  of  Dorsetshire. 

Nov.  14,  AtTonhridge,  Geo.  Lingacd, 
esq.  solicitor. 

Nov.  20.  At  Tonbridge  Wells,  Jane- 
Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  James  Mor* 
ris.iet,  esq.  of  BruiiBwick.isquare. 

Nov,  22.  At  Summer- hill,  near  Dsrt- 
ford,  aged  7^,  John  Ru&eeU,  esq. 

Nov.  23.  At  Ramsgate,  aged  74,  Oi- 
mond  Saffery,  esq. 

At  ELtham,  Elizabeth,  eldest  dan.  of  the 
late  Rev.  John  Wilgress,  D,D. 

Nov.  '25.  At  Ramsgate,  aged  63,  Na- 
than Egerton  Gsrrick,  esq.  of  Albion-at, 
Hyde  Park. 

Dte.  5.  At  ChiiflehiirBt,  aged  67,  £u- 
phemia,  wife  of  Henry  Baskcomb,  esq. 

Dec.  6.  At  Pembury,  Lydia,  relict  of 
Thomas  Dakiiiir  esq*  of  Trinidad, 


106 


OBITDAftT* 


[J. 


IVe.  7.  AtToDbridgeWells,  Martlia,  tc- 
lict  of  NichoUf  Grahion,  esq.  of  Lombard- 
street. 

LA.NCASTK&.— iVoo.  25.  At  Lrrerpool, 
M^or  Holden  Danbabin,  late  of  the  East 
India  Company's  Bombi^  Establishment. 

LaUfy.  Aged  61,  Mrs.  Hopwood,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  J.  iiopwood,  incnmbent  of 
Accrington. 

Dee.  3.  Af^d  21,  Sarah,  secood  dan.  of 
T.R.Wil8onFfnmce,  esq.  of  RawdiifeUall. 

J!>rc.ll.  At  Elm  Fkrm,  West  Derby, 
near  Liverpool,  aged  71,  Ekltrard  Wilson, 
esq.  lately  a  Director  of  the  London  and 
Bincingham  Railway  Company. 

Lbicbstbr.— Dec.  13.  At  Cliff  Hovae, 
aged  74,  Dorothy,  wife  of  Robert  Faaz, 

LiNCOLW. — Dee,  1 .  At  Sonth  Ferriby, 
aged  54,  Christian,  relict  of  John  Nel- 
thorpe,  esq.  and  mother  of  Sir  John  Nel- 
thorpe,  Bart,  of  Scawby. 

Dec.  10.  At  Lonth,  aged  S5,  Anne- 
Jenny,  wife  of  C.  C.  J.  Orme,  esq. 

Dee.  12,  At  thericarage,  Bonby,  aged 
46t  Lillias,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Weeber  Wal- 
ter, M.  A. 

MiDULVSEX.—iVbv.  17.  At  Hampton, 

rl  three,  Richard-Bright,  third  son  of 
WUUam  FoUett,  M.P.  for  Exeter. 

Nov,  S5.  At  Enfield,  Edward  Medgett, 
esq.  late  of  the  firm  of  I.  B.  Nerill  &  Co. 

Nov.  26.  Aged  82,  William  Cogger, 
esq.  of  Hayes. 

Dee,  8.  At  the  Butts,  New  Brentford, 
aged  80,  Miss  Catharine  Hodgson,  last 
surviving  dan.  of  the  late  Thomas  Hodg- 
son, esq.  of  Upnor  Castle,  Kent. 

MoKMouTR.-~JVde.  21.  At  the  Castle- 
hill,  Monmonth,  aged  46,  Richard  Amph- 
lett,  esq.  Lieut.  R.N.  eldest  surviving  son 
of  the  late  Rev.  I.  Amphlett,  D.D.  vicar 
of  Dodderhill,  Wore. 

NoEFOLK. — Nov.  23.  At  Walsoken 
House,  aged  58,  Thomas  Broughton,  esq. 
a  Deputy  Lieutenant  for  Lincolnshire. 

NoRTHAMPTOK.-^Aoe.  7.  At  North- 
ampton, aged  43,  Mr.  Thomas  Cheslyn, 
solicitor. 

Nov.  15.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Stephen 
Eaton  Eland,  esq.  of  Stanwick. 

Nov.  20.  At  Peterborough,  aged  82, 
George  Parsons,  esq. 

Nov.  23.  Ann,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Barry,  Rector  of  Brockley. 

Oxford. — Lately,  At  Trinity  college, 
Oxford,  John  Courtenay,  eaq.  Commoner, 
second  son  of  the  late  Geo.  Courtenay, 
esq.  formerly  of  Swerford  Park. 

Rutland.  —  Dee.  5.  At  Uppingham, 
Caroline-Anne,  youngest  dan.  of  the  late 
Ralph  Hotchkin,  esq. 

Salop.— Xa/e/y.  At  Ludlow,  aged  45, 
William  Lloyd,  esq.  solicitor. 

SoMEBtRT.— -IViw.  15.  At  Staplegrove, 


near  TtamtoB,  ^ged  G9,  Churles  Fowler, 

Ifov.  16.  At  Bath,  at  an  advanced  age, 
the  Countess  Nugent,  relict  of  the  Count 
FeUx  Nugent,  KiSght  of  St  Louis. 

No9.  18.  At  West  Coker  House,  aged 
67,  William  Rodbard,  esq. 

At  Bath,  aged  8S,  Thomas  Best,  esq. 
of  Haselbnry  Plunknett,  near  Crewkeme, 
brotiier  of  Lord  Wynfbrd. 

ATor.  33.  Ann,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Berry,  Rector  of  Brockley. 

Nov,  26.  At  Brislington,  near  Bristol, 
aged  67,  Sarah,  widow  of  Philip  J.  Wors- 
ley,  esq. 

Nov.  S7.  At  Batii,  Miss  Mary  Conlt- 
hard. 

iViMr.  29.  At  Marston,  the  Right  Hon. 
Isabella  Countees  of  Cork  and  Onery. 
She  was  the  third  dan.  of  tiie  late  WU- 
liam  Poynti,  esq.  of  Midgfaam  House, 
Berks,  and  was  married  in  Got.  1795,  to 
the  Earl  of  Cork  and  Omry,  by  whom 
she  had  a  numerous  family,  only  throe  of 
which  survive. 

Laielp,  At  Bath,  aged  71 ,  Mrs.  Sloper, 
relict  of  Jas.  Sloper,  eaq.  She  has  be- 
queathed the  following  sums :  —  To  the 
Bath  United  Hospital,  lOOi.;  to  the  Poor 
of  Market  Lavington,  WilU  (the  birth- 
place  of  her  late  husband),  1002. ;  Poor  of 
Beaumaris,  Anglesey,  50f . ;  House  of 
Protection,  Walcot  Parade,  2Si, ;  Lying- 
in  Charity,  S5/. ;  fihie  Coat  School,  35/.; 
Monmouth-st.  Charity,  S5/. ;  Poor  of  St. 
James's  parish,  S5/.;  Weymondi  House 
National  School,  lOt;  Octagon  Chi^ 
School,  10/. ;  to  Miss  Elwin^  Deaf  and 
Dumb  and  Blind  Sdiools,  201.;  toUl, 
4S5/.  In  addition  to  the  above,  she  has, 
by  deed  of  gift,  left  to  the  Bath  United 
Hospital  an  annual  sum  amounting  to 
about  S5/. 

At  Clevedon,  nte  Bristol,  aged  75, 
Elizabeth-Ann,  widow  of  Capt.  Jamea 
Gilbert,  Royal  Art.  and  eldest  dan.  of 
Gen.  Sir  A.  Farrington,  Bart,  of  Black- 
heath,  Kent. 

Dec.  2.  At  Cannon's  Grove,  near  T^um- 
ton,  aged  46,  Vincent  Stuckey  Reynolds, 
esq.  a  magistrate  for  the  oo.  Sonerset. 

Dee,  4.  At  Bath,  Clan-Amelia,  only 
dau.  of  the  late  Mijor  Harriott,  of  West 
Hall,  Surrey,  and  mfe  of  Robert  Pany 
Nisbet,  esq.  of  Southbroom  House,  Wilts. 

Stapfoed.— A^oe.  27.  At  Oz  HiU, 
Handswortb,  Sarah-Hden,  youngest  dan. 
of  Walter  WUliams,  esq. 

Suffolk. — Nov,  21.  At  Chellesworth, 
Rebecca,  relict  of  the  Rev.  J.  Gee  Smyth, 
many  years  Rector  of  that  parish. 

Nov.  27.  At  Shadowbush,  Poslingford, 
aged  81,  Col.  Weston. 

Dec.  12.  At  Becdles,  aged  84,  Mary, 
widow  of  the  Rev.  Hervoy  Taylor. 


18440 


OlITtJARY, 


SummiT.— A^of.  25.  At  PostforcJ-hin, 
ncaj  GoUdfordj    Lucy,   relict  of    Junes 

At  Richmond  r  Lady  Charlotte  Wftlpole, 

~  r  to  the  Earl  of  Orford. 

!)€€.  1.  At  Famhom»  aged  61,  John 
Lidhetter,  esq. 

J}^.  S.  At  Putney,  aged  Ift^  Carteret- 
Priaulx,  eldest  son  of  S*  Dopree,  ecq. 

Hie.  $,  At  Netley,  Sh«re»  aged  «5,  the 
BaMOiin  de  Roll. 

Btc,  U,  Aged  57,  Rebecca- SopHin, 
eldest  ^urvWing  dan.  of  the  lote  John 
Prior »  esq.  of  Mortlake. 

S©Mix.— Of/.  17.  Ag«d  83,  Anne,  re- 
lief erf  Walter  Elphick,  e«q,  of  Pevensey. 

No»,  16.  Aged  58,  Thomas  Breton, 
e«^«  attrgeon,  of  Bexhill. 

Nor,  19.  At  Bcnitcad  Lodge,  Bognor, 
the  ueat  of  her  sister  Mrs.  Smith,  ngod 
75,  the  Right  Hon.  Arabclla-Mackworthp 
Cotmte«a  of  Mayo .  She  wm  the  4th  dau.  of 
the  late  Wm.  Mack  worth  Praed,  esq.  of 
Bitton,  and  sister  of  the  late  Mr.  Serjeant 
Praell,  and  of  Admiral  Praed,  and  wos 
married  id  179'i.  On  the  acce«sion  of  the 
lat«  King,  she  was  appointed  one  of  the 
Ladiet  of  the  Bedchamber  to  Queen 
Adelaide,  and  continued  in  attendance  on 
tli«  Queen  Dowager  daring  the  earlier 
MVt  of  the  present  year.  Her  Ladyship 
find  no  iMac<  * 

Nw.^i,  At  Hastings,  aged  (i4,  Ann, 
Ncond  dan.  of  the  late  Drake  Hollingbery, 
D.D.  50  years  Rector  of  Icklesham  and 
WinchcUea,  Prebendary  of  St.  Paul's, 
mud  Chancellor  of  Chichester, 

Nov,  94,  At  Brighton,  aged  42,  George 
Smith,  e«q.  formerly  ReceiTer>Gen,  in 
Jaouuea. 

JVo*.  30.  At  Brighton,  aged  80,  Diana, 
reKct  of  John  Smith,  esq*  late  of  Brox- 
bourn,  Herts. 

lAttiy,  At  Worthing,  Anne,  relict  of 
John  Kemp,  esq.  late  of  Branches-park, 
Cowlings,  Suffolk,  and  of  £dgcworth-pL 
U  or  ley,  Susaex. 

Bee.  9.  At  Hastings,  aged  H^,  Mary, 
widow  of  the  Rev.  H.  J,  Close,  M.A. 
Rector  of  Bentworth,  Hants,  mother  of 
the  Rev,  Francifl  Close,  Rector  of  Chel- 
tenham. 

At  Brighton,  aged  55,  Daniel  Stoddart, 
esq.  of  Ch^rlet'St.  St.  James's- sq. 

Dte,  m.  At  Hastings,  Thomai  Eaton, 
aq.  of  the  Middle  Temple,  of  Chancery- 
lane,  and  Upton,  Essex,  BarriMer.nt-Law. 

Dee,  12.  At  Brighton,  aged  13,  Horatia- 
Mary*Maynard,  dau.  of  t:hc  Rev.  Robert 
Walpole,  Rector  of  Chriat  Church,  St. 
Mafjkbone. 

Warwick.— A^or.  ?7.  At  Warwick, 
aged  68,  Mrs.  Smyth,  widow  of  John 
Bohun  Smyth,  esq. 

Ntn.  38.    At  Rugby,  ag«d  14,  Aldin- 


L 


der-KnoX|  youngest  9on  of  the  late  Joseph  i 
Henry  Butterworth,  esq.of  Claphamcom*  j 

Dec.  1.     At  Rugby,  aged  53,  Carolineil 
wife  of  W,  Terry,  esq.  M.D.  and  dau,  olj 
the  late  Rct.  H.  Eyre,  Rector  of  Land<^ 
ford,  Wilts,  a&d  of  Buck  worth  and  Mori  \ 
bonrne,  both*  in  Huntingdonshire. 

Wilts.— ATor.  efi.  At  Wibford,  aged  ] 
Ki^  Philip  Pinckney,  eaq, 

Nov.  So,  At  Don  head,  Sani]i>  widow  of  1 
William    Burl  ton,  esq.   of  Wykin    Hallg  ] 
Lcicestersh.  and  sister  of  the  Rev.  W.  L* 
Bowles,  Canon  Residentiary  of  Salisbury* 

WoRCKSTKR. — Laitty,  At  Worcester,  | 
aged  G4,  the  Rev.  Kdwr.  Lake,  for  30] 
years  a  minister  in  the  Countess  of  Hunt*  I 
ingdou*s  connexion. 

At  Worcester,  aged  7^,  Elinabeth,  wi*! 
dow  of  Lieut.  R.  Gilchrist,  late  of  the  7th  ] 
Royal  Veteran  Battalion. 

kl  Pershore,  in  her  lOSth  year,  Mrs, 
Elizabeth  Richards,  better  known  as**Otd  j 
Betty  Hkhards.'*  She  was  a  native  of  j 
Redmarley,  Worcesterah.  of  which  parish  I 
church  her  father  was  clerk  upwards  of  j 
threescore  years.  She  has  often  been  f 
heard  to  say  she  could  remember  going  j 
into  mourning  for  George  the  Second*  f 
"  Old  Btitty''  had  been  three  times  a  wi- j 
dow,  and  buried  her  last  husband  about  \ 
twelve  years  ago. 

YoRit  — A'oe,  2:*,  At  Hessle,  aged  67,  ' 
Fraocia  Hall,  esq.  one  of  the  aldermen  or 
the  late  corporation  of  Hull, 

Not*  '27-  At  Loftus,  near  Guisborough| 
aged  65,  the  Hon.  Frances -Laura,  widow  \ 
of  Robert  Chaltmer,  esq,  formerly  M.P. 
for  York,  and  aunt  to  the  Earl  of  Zet- 
Iand«     She  was    a  daughter  of  Thorn a^  j 
first  Lord  Dun  das,    by  Lady    Charlotte 
Fitzwilliara,  second  dau,  of  William  thir^  ] 
Earl  Fitxwilliam  ;  nod  was  married  in  1805. 

Laiefy.  At  Stones,  in  Sowerby,  aged] 
87,  Susy  Haigh.  She  lived  to  see  tho 
fifth  generation  of  her  family,  which  num*  J 
bered,  exclusive  of  herself,  170  ;  she  had] 
9  children,  48  grandchUdrm,  111  great*  j 
grandchildren,  and  two  great-great-grand- 
children. 

Dtc,  II,  At  Beverleyi  aged  8S,  Mrs, 
Cattley,  sUter  of  John  Scbolrfietd,  esq* 
Faatfleet,  near  Howden, 

Walss. — A'or,  17.  At  Swansea,  F^an-  j 
ces,  wife  of  N.  W,  Simons,  esq.  of  the  Li- 
brary,  British  Museum  ;   dau.  of  the  lata 
Rev,  John  Collins,  M.A.  Rector  of  Oj- 
wich,  &c,  filamorgansh.;  and  sister  to  the  J 
late  Mrs.  Thomas  Prichard,  of  Brietol. 

Laiffy.  At  Tonna,  near  Neath,  aged  75,  ] 
Mrs-  Price,  widow  of  the    Rev.  Watkln 
Price,  of  Pootardawe. 

I>^c,  1.  At   Pwllycrochon,  Denbigbsh* 
the  residence  of  her  dau.   Lady  Erskinc,  . 
aged  83,  Mary,   relict  of  the  Rev.  Uughl 
Williams,  of  PUsita,  Coaway. 


no 


OfilTUARV. 


[JaiK 


D€c.  II*  AtCarmATtUeniaged  77,  Mhs 
Dorothy  loman. 

Scotland.— A'iw.  24.  At  Edinbur^b, 
Margnret,  widow  of  Lteut.*Cot.  Alei^nder 
Lorainei  eldest  dau.  of  iht  l&te  WilU&m 
Ker,  esq.  formerly  of  BroAdinendofrs^Ber. 
wickshirc. 

Nor,  2a.  At  Glasgow,  Iwibelln  Mitcbel 
Hay,  wife  of  Cbarles  CanipbeU,  esq,  ma- 
nager, at  OlasgoWf  for  tbe  Bank  of  Scot- 
land. 

Nov,  26,  At  Dingwall,  AleJtaader  Mack- 
CDxie,  esq.  of  Scot^buro. 

Lately,  At  Edioburgh,  Mary-Macgre- 
gor,  widow  of  Capt.  Alexander  Wishart, 
of  the  78th  rcg. 

I  BEL  AND. — Noit,  21,  At  FitsEwilliam 
Lodge,  f9<ear  Dublin^  aged  37 1  tbe  Rtgbt 
Hot!.  Cbartottc  Countesi^  of  RoscommoD, 
itister  of  the  Earl  of  SI»rcw§baTy.  She 
waa  the  second  dau,  of  tbe  late  John  Tal* 
bot,  esq.  was  tnamed  in  1H3U,  and  lias  left 
no  iMue. 

Nov,  2^.  At  Charleville,  co,  Wicklow, 
aged  56,  the  Rt.  Hon.  Frances  Counteas  of 
Ratbdowne.  She  was  the  fifth  dan.  of 
WiQiam  Power  first  Ear!  of  Cbiticarty ; 
was  married  in  18CH} ;  and  has  left  a  very 
mimerous  family. 

AtTyrella,  aged  m,  the  Hon.  Emilia 
Montgomery,  relict  of  tbc  Rcv\  Hugh 
Montgomery,  of  Grey  Abbey,  and  dau.  of 
Viftoount  Bangor. 

Dec.  J.  At  Ardress,  co*  Armagh,  aged 
74,  George  Enaofi  esq. 

At  Somerville,  New  Ross,  aged  7B, 
Joba  Kelly,  esq. 

East  Inoicb, — S^pt.  h.  At  Calcutta, 
George- Soakh)  second  son  of  George 
Smith  Weaver,  esq.  of  Maidstone^  for- 
merly of  FL  M.  Dockyard,  Sheerness. 

SepL  £0.  At  Barrackpore,  Matilda^ 
wife  of  Lieut.  Augustus  Turner,  1st  Ben- 
gal Nat.  Inf.  and  dan.  of  tbc  Rev.  Rich. 
P&io»  of  Apsley,  Beds. 

Sept.  2^,  At  Madras,  aged  21,  Susan- 
na-Maria, wife  of  Major  T.  B.  Chalon, 
Judge  Adr.  Gen.  of  tbe  Army,  and  dau. 
of  J.  T.  E.  Flint,  esq.  of  Powick,  Wore. 

Sepi,  24.  On  his  passage  from  Madras 
to  the  Straits  of  Malacca,  for  the  reco- 
f  cry  of  his  health,  Sir  Jobo  David  Nor- 
ton* one  of  the  Judges  of  tbc  Supreme 
Court  of  Madni.  He  was  called  to  tbc 
\m  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  $0  May,  18|i,  and 
was  formerly  Private  Secretary  to  the 
Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland. 

Sfpl.  27.  At  Rajghur,  near  Nasscera- 
bad,  of  spasmodic  cholera,  seven  day  a 
after  his  nruuriage,  aged  23,  Lieut.  Matth. 
Ward,  4th  Btngsl  Cav.  (Lancers),  third 
•Oft  of  WUUam  Ward,  esq.  of  Connaugbt' 
l^rrace,  late  M.  P*  for  thr  city  of  London. 

8^i.  ^.  At  Cawnporr,  aged  ?:?,  Lieut. 

Itkliard  CharUa  Uat^h,  fourth  tau  of  the 


Rev.  Thos.  Hatcb,  Viear  of  Walton-un- 
Thames,  Surrey. 

Oct,  2,  In  Camp,  at  Baizwarmb,  I  apt. 
John  Jones,  30th  Madras  Nat.  Infantry, 
second  son  of  the  late  CoL  Jones,  71st 
Light  Inf. 

At  MhoW|  Mrs,  Kate  Hughes ;  and  on 
Octn  4,  Assistant- Surgeon  Arnold  Hughes, 
her  husband,  of  jungle  fever. 

Oct.  \7.  At  C  bcttoor,  aged  32,  Capt. 
John  Stedman  Cotton,  7tb  Madras  Light 
Cavalry. 

Laittff,  At  the  residence  of  her  father, 
Sir  Robert  Sale,  Kowssolee,  Julia,  wife  of 
Lieut.  James  G.  Molmcs,  Ad  Nat.  Car, 

W'EST  Indies. — Oct.  9.  At  Jamaica^ 
aged  54^  George  Cnnningbam,  esq,  pro^^ 
prietor  of  Maxfield  and  Greenside  Estates. 

Oc/.  SO.  At  St,  Domingo,  aged  24, 
Tbomas^John,  eldest  son  of  Samuel  S. 
Beare,  esq,  of  Norwicb. 

Notf,  2.  At  Jamaica,  on  bis  return  to 
England  from  New  Granada,  Julius  Hen. 
Plock,  esq.  merchant,  London. 

Abhoao.  —  Aiiff.  I.  At  Hong  Kong, 
John  Sbide,  es^q. 

Au0,  8.  At  Victoria,  Hong  Kong,  aged 
24 f  Thomas,  eldest  son  of  W.  Elworthy, 
esq.  of  Westford,  near  ^Veliington,  So- 
merset J  and  on  Aug,  10,  at  Macao,  aged 
27,  Samuel,  fourth  son  of  tbe  late  Rev. 
John  Dyer.  ^Iliey  left  England  in  March 
I84:J,  to  establish  a  mercantile  connec- 
tion in  China.  In  less  than  one  month 
after  landing  tbey  were  both  cut  off  by 
the  malignant  fever. 

Jitff.  '2'2.  At  Sea,  on  board  the  East 
India  ship  Soutbam])ton,  aged  .2,  Char- 
lotte Henrietta  ;  and  on  the  morning  fol- 
lowingf  aged  7,  Frederick -Eyre,  children 
of  Capt.  Bowen>  H.C.S. 

Juff.  i*:i.  At  Hong  Kong,  aged  4:i, 
John  A-  Mercer,  esq. 

Atiff,  2t*.  On  the  homeward  passage 
from  Madras,  on  board  tbe  ship  Anna 
Robertson,  aged  53,  Lieut. -Col.  Heury 
Smith,  of  the  Madras  Aj-my. 

Sept.  7.  At  Delhi,  aged  22,  Lient, 
Thomas  Cbarlcs  Pbillpotts,  Bengal  Eng. 
second  son  of  Lieut.-Col.  PLiiltpotta, 
Royal  Eng. 

Sept,  11.     On  board  H.  >I.  S.  Harlc- 

3uin,  George-Samuel,  youngest  son  of 
iiseph  Berens,  esq.  of  Kevington,  Kent. 

Laiefy,  At  BoiiLogne<snr-Mcr,  Francis 
John  Weldale  Knollys,  esq.  Lieut.  33d 
Regt«  only  son  of  John  Weldale  Knollys, 
esq. 

At  St.  Petersburg,  Sophia,  wife  of 
Thomas  Atkinson,  esq. 

Nor.  1.  At  Amherst,  Nova  Scotia*  at 
tbe  honse  of  her  son,  tbe  Rev.  George 
Townsbend,  Flora,  widow  of  tbe  Hon. 
WilEam  Townshend,  of  Prince  Edward' ^ 
lilond. 


I 

4 


1844.] 


Obituary. 


Ill 


A^.  S.  At  the  Benedictine  Conrent, 
■ear  Nnremherg,  aged  101,  Count  Th^o- 
phik  Joaef  de  la  Feld.  He  was  of  English 
eztraetion,  and  a  descendant  of  the  Grand 
Biarechal  Count  de  la  Feld,  in  the  time  of 
Leopold  the  Tirst.  He  had  served  during 
the  earlier  part  of  his  life  in  the  Im* 
perial  armies,  hut  had  passed  nearly 
the  last  30  years  in  the  above-named  re- 
tirement. 

N<n,  7.  At  Rome,  Alicia,  relict  of  the 
Rev.  Wm.  Ireland,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Frome 
Selfrood  and  the  Woodlands. 

Nw.  11.  At  Port  Louis,  Mauritius, 
Francis  Cynric  Sheridan,  eso.  Treasurer 
of  the  island,  third  son  of  the  late  Thomas 


Sheridan,  esq.  and  grandson  of  the  Right 
Hon.  R.  B.  Sheridan. 

Nov.  14.  At  Boulogne,  Thomas  Wallis, 
esq.  Deputy- Lieut,  for  Gloucestersh.  and 
formerly  of  Tibberton  Court,  Gloucestersh. 
and  of  Oakford  House,  Devon. 

Not,  IP.  At  Ostend,  the  wife  of  Com- 
mander C.  FitsGerald,  R.N. 

Nov,  20.  At  Brussels,  Edmund  Henry 
Plunkett,  esq.  late  of  6th  Regt 

Nov.  28.  At  Naples,  Patricia,  wife  of 
John  Alexander  Hunter,  esq.  of  Lancaster. 

No9,  30.  At  Munich,  Harry  Charles 
Blackader  Filder,  youngest  son  of  William 
Filder,  esq.  Commissary-Gen.  of  Her 
Majesty's  Forces. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 
From  the  Returm  U9ued  hy  the  RegUtrar  General, 
Deaths  Registered  from  Nov.  25  to  Dec.  16  (4  weeks.) 

,.  I      Under  15 2217^ 

J4229  15to60 H71  f  .ogo 

''  I      60  and  upwards        832/*^^ 

Age  not  specified        9  } 


Males 
Females 


2200i 
2029  < 


AVE 

Wheat. 

M.      d, 

51     1 

IRAGE 
Barley. 

s.     d. 
31     3 

PRICE  OF  CC 
Oats.        Rye. 

S.      d.        i.      d. 

18    2     29    9 

>RN,  De 
Beans. 

s.     d. 
31     4 

C.22. 
Peas. 

i.    d. 
33    3 

PRICE  OF  HOPS,  Dec.  22. 
Sussex  Pockets,  5/.  Ss,  to  6/.  2f.— Kent  Pockets,  51.  \0e.  to  9/. 

lie. 

PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Dec.  22. 
Hay,  21,  10«.  to  4/.  Os Straw,  1/.  Ot.  to  1/.  lOt.— Clover,  3/.  Oe,  to  51,  Oe. 

SMITHFIELD,  Dec.  22.    To  sink  the  Offal—per  stone  of  Slbs 


Beef. 2t. 

Mutton 3t. 

Veal 3f. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Dec.  22. 

Beasts 652      C^dves    100 

SheepandLambs   2310      Pigs      35k) 


af.  to  4«.    Od, 

2d.  to  4r.    Sd. 

U.  to  ie.    Od. 

Pork 3».    Od.  to  it.    id. 

COAL  MARKET,  Dec.  22. 
Walls  Ends,  from  16#.  6d.  to  2U.  Od,  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  lit.  Od.  to  1&.  6<f. 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.—Town  Tallow,  46i.  Odf.      Yellow  Russia,  i3t.  Od. 
CANDLES,  7s.  6d,  per  doz.    Moulds,  9i.0d. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Beotheos,  StoSk  and  Share  Brokers, 
23,  Change  Alley,  Comhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  171. Ellesmere  and  Chester,  65. Grand  Junction,  148. 

Kennet  and  Avon,   9J. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  675.  Regent's,  22. 

Rochdale,  60. London  Dock  Stock,  lOOf St.  Katharine*s,  105^J. East 

and   West   India,  130.  —  London    and  Birmingham    Railway,  241. Great 

Western,  95i London  and  Southwestern,  72|. Grand    Junction    Water 

Works,  81. West  Middlesex,  117^. Globe  Insurance,  134. Guardian, 

45. Hope,  7. Chartered  Gas,  65}. Imperial  Gas,  86. Phcenix  Gas, 

35}. London  and  Westminster  Bank,  22|.— -Reversionary  Interest,  105. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares,  enquire  as  above. 


iia 

METEOROLOGICAL  DIABY,  bt  W.CARY,  Strand. 
r^rom  Ifm.  86  to  Bte.  85, 1843,  Mk  inehuivt. 


Fahrenheit's  Therm.     | 

llill 

1 

li 

1 

Not, 

ft 

» 

s 

in. pts. 

m 

m 

55 

53 

«9.  78 

t7 

5S 

57 

49 

,70 

28 

50 

53 

40 

30,  16 

£9 

49 

50 

4J 

.30 

30 

40 

47 

50 

,S9 

DA 

4^ 

47 

42 

,oe 

2 

39 

10 

42 

'2'  , 

3 

45 

50 

47 

,39  1 

4 

4© 

50 

49 

.40  1 

5 

49 

54 

50 

,16 

§ 

44 

50 

42 

,36 

7 

47 

53 

53 

,17 

8 

5a 

^ 

46 

,83| 

0 

36 

44 

41 

.33 

10 

45 

4d 

45 

.«[ 

Weather. 


^min,  do.  fr* 
cloudy p  fdr 
do. do, 
do,  foggy 
do. 
do. 

do«  fair 
do^  lit.  run 
|do.  do.  do, 
fair^  cloudy 
clotMi]r,miity 
do.  Hit 
gioomyt  fpg- 
cloudy 


3.3 


Fubrenheit's  Therm. 

It'  §•  j-iii 


''5^/ 


e 

o 


We«eher. 


11 

43 

48 

IS 

3G 

36 

13 

38 

44 

14 

44 

40 

15 

m 

54 

m 

47 

51 

IT 

47 

5S 

J8 

44 

48 

IB 

46 

40 

m 

4^ 

43 

21 

46 

50 

m 

43 

16 

22 

50 

m 

24 

50 

55 

25 

52 

55 

^1 

46 
46 
49 
50 
41 
47 
47 
45 
4S 

m 

58 
46 


,  47  [fmir,  cloudy 

,  52    foggy 

,  47   do. 

p  52  Irair,  cloudy 

,  38    cloudy  foggy 

,  3d  |do.f»ir»ftl£,ru. 

,  46  {do.  do. 

,  49  '(do.  foggy 

,40  lido. 

,  4,1   do. 

,  42    do. 

f  IS   do. 

,  4S  '  do.  ftir 

,  40  I  do.  do. 

,  46  J  do. 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 

fVom  Nov.  27,  to  Dee.  88»  1843,  hoik  inehuive. 


3 


Ex.  Bills, 
j^lOOO. 


8711 

212 

f72 


55  51  pm. 

0971  pm  '  53  51pm. 

70  72pm     54  52  pm. 

7«70pip,]  54  52pm. 


70  pm, 
74  pm. 

72  75  pm. 

73  75  pm . 
73  pm. 


52  55  pm. 

56  57  pm. 

58  56  pm. 

56  59  pm. 

57  59  pm. 
57  59  pm. 
60  56  pm. 
57  59pm. 

59  pm. 

57  59  pm. 

57  59pm. 

59  pm. 

57  59  pm. 

57  59  pm. 

57  00  pm. 
56  60  pm. 

58  60  pm. 
58  60  pm. 
58  60  pm. 
60  58  pm. 

58  61pm. 

59  61  pm. 

60  62  pm. 
,  ARNULL,  English  and  Foreign  Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

1,  Bank  Baildings,  London. 

«OLa  Aim  SON,  fMUXTMMMt  9bt  rASLIAMIlVT-SnuiIT. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

FEBRUARY,  1844. 
By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


I 

k 


CONTENTS.  ,Ao. 

MtNOii  CoKKESfOMDENCE Dr.   Jobnsoti  <M3   the  Pilgrim*t  Progress — Bp, 

Ridley's  Senla — Outwnrd  Confesabn— Etymolu^  of  Meols,  fltc 114 

Cetlon  and  its  Capahii-jties.     B^J.  L*  Bennett,  Euq.  F*L.S, U5 

Church  House  nt  Bray,  co.  Berks  fitiih  a  PUUJ 133 

Norria  MoDumeotg  aad  Chantry  Chapel  at  Bray  •..,.,,....•«    •*••«•...•..      134 

On  the  forms  of  Churches,  and  Harmonic  Proportion.  .»,.»#... • .  •  •      135 

List  of  Contributors  to  the  Quarterly  Review • *.*      137 

Some  PsrticuUrs  respecting  the  English  Ecclesiastical  Courts  {continued)    ,,,,      141 

lD%'etitory  of  Ornamental  Platef  &^c.  at  Oinead  Halli  Norfolk. , , . . .      l&O 

Recent  Repairs  of  Churches — West  Harlmg,  Norfolk;    Aldrinjfton,   Wilts; 

Compton  and  Merrow,  Surrey ;  Lei^hton  Buzzard,  Beds . , , , ,      153 

Brrors  in  Mr,  D' Israeli's  Curiosities  of  Literature — In  Lord  Broughnna's  French 

Biographies,  Prof.  Smith's  Lectures*  Preston*s  Conquciit  of  Mexico,  &c....     155 
Gibhoo's  Personal  Defects — Madame  du  DclTiiiid — Moliere — Voltaire,  fltc.  .„. .      ise 

Tlie  Wife  of  Chancer— Sir  H .  Nicolas's  Life  of  the  Poet. 14iO 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

Robinson's  History  of  Hackney t  161  ;  BiUlngsV  IlIuBtrations  of  Durham  Ca* 
thedral,  ICJ3  ;  Garbett*s  Parochial  SennanSp  1G5;  King  Henry  the  Second, 
an  Historical  Drama,  l(j<i ;  Poems  by  C.  R.  Kennedy,  esq.  167  ;  the  Rector 
in  search  of  a  Curate,  ltj8  j  The  Order  of  Daily  Serrice,  with  Pkin  Tune, 
&c.  16*9  ;  A  Christmas  Carol,  by  Chas.  Diclceos,  170  ;  Miseellaueous  Re- 
views , . . . , , «  .  • , •     171 

LITERARY    AND  SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE  — 
Ne«r  Puhlicatioui^    173  ;  University   of  Cambridge— Royal   Society — Royal 
Asiatic   Society — Royal  Agricukund  Society,    177 — Institutioa   of  Civil 

Engineers — Sale  of  Autographs ....»* , .  * ,**,..,      176 

PINE  ARTS.*"Stataes  for  London- Earl  of  Leicester's  Monumcut— Panorama 

of  Treport 180 

ARCHITECTURE.— Institute  of  British  Architects— Roman  Catholic  Church 
in  Lamljeth,  180  j  St,  Mary  Redclife — Littkborough  Church — Ripon  Ca- 

thedral»  &c. 182 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— Society  of  Antif|uarica,  183;  Numismatic 
Society,  184  ;  Roman  Remains  at  Preston,  185  i  Funeral  Relics^- Sepulchra! 
Stones  at  Hartlepool,  187  ;  Opening  of  Tumuli  in  Cleveland — Indian  An- 
tiquities ...,..,» ..*... .....,......*•  t  *«.,.>».*•. . 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE.— Foreign  News,  189;  Domestic  Occurrences 

Promotions  and  Preferments,  193  ;  Births  and  Marriages 

OBITUARY  ;  with  Mcraoira  of  the  Countess  of  Cork  and  Orrery  ;  General 

rM     Lord  Lynedoch  ;    Sir  George  Crewet   Bart.  ;    General  Morriiion  ;    Cnpt, 
■    Arthur  Wakefield,   R,N. ;  Rev,   G.   W,   Hall,  D.D. ;  Rev.  F.    H,  Turner 
K    Barnwell;  George  Houston,  Esq,  ;  Valentine  Mahcr^  Esq.  \   George  Wm. 
Wood,  Esq. ;  Mrs.  Bulvrcr  Lytton  ;  John  Lowe,  Esq.  ;,  Daniel  Vawdrey^ 
Esq. ;  J.  C.  Loudon,  Esq.;  William  Allen,  F.R.S. ;  J,  \\,  Morrison,  Esq. ; 
T.Waller,  Esq.;  Simon  Stephenson,   Esq.;    H,  Perrouet  Briggs,  Esq. 
RA 1£H- 
CI.EEGT  Deceased , ,,.«, 
Deaths,  arranged  in  Counties , , . .  •  • . « , « • 

Registnir-GeneraPs  Returns  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis — Markets— Prices 

of  Shares,  2J3  ;  Meteorological  Diary— Stocks  .,/,,. , . .     224 

Embellished  with  a  View  of  the  AnciExVt  Church  House  at  Bray,  co,  Berks ;  and 
Representations  of  the  ErFioir  of  Lady  Latimer  at  Hackney,  and  Two  Se» 
FULCHftAL  Stones  found  at  Hartlepool. 


i 


194^ 


J 


114 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


Cydwf.lt  fMys,  As  the  origin  of  the 
Pilgrim's  Progress  is  now  under  dis- 
cussion,  Dr.  Johnson's  opinion,  in  Bos- 
well's  Life,  is  entitled  to  be  mentioned. 
**  His  (Bunyan's)  Pilgrim's  Progress  has 
great  merit  both  for  invention,  imagination, 
and  the  conduct  of  the  stor^,  and  it  has 
bad  the  best  evidence  of  its  merit,  the 
general  and  continued  approbation  of 
noankmd  ;  few  book«,  I  believe,  have  bad 
a  more  extensive  snle.  It  is  remarkable 
that  it  begins  very  much  like  the  poem  of 
Dante,  yet  there  was  no  translation  of 
Dante  when  Bunyan  wrote.  There  is 
reason  to  think  that  he  had  read  Spenser.** 
Bunyan's  own  autobiogmphical  sketch, 
**  Grace  abounding  to  the  Chief  of  Sin. 
Hers,"  throws  no  light  on  the  subject ;  but 
it  may  be  assumed  that  the  works  which 
he  was  most  likely  to  have  read  were 
homely  ones,  though  they  might  them, 
selves  have  been  founded  on  allegories  of 
a  higher  style. 

Can  any  of  the  readers  of  the  Gent. 
Mag.  inform  F.  O.  if  an  impression  of 
the  Episcopal  Seal  of  Bishop  Ridley, 
either  as  Bishop  of  Rochester  or  London, 
is  known  to  be  in  a  perfect  sUte,  or  if 
a  fac-simile  of  the  same  has  ever  been 
engraved.  Bishop  Bilson*s,  a  very  curious 
one,  be  recollects  seeing  in  the  Gent. 
Maff.  for  1797. 

JB.  I.  C.  remarks,  "  In  Mr.  Wright's 
collection  of  letters  lately  published  by 
the  Camden  Society,  p.  48,  is  a  letter 
from  Bedyll  to  Cromwell,  containing  the 
following  passage,  *  We  think  it  best 
that  the  place  wber  thes  freres  have  been 
wont  to  here  outward  confession  of  al 
commers  at  certen  tymes  of  the  yere  be 
walled  up,  and  that  use  to  be  fordoen  for 
ever.**  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
inform  me  what  is  meant  by  outward  con. 
fession  ?  I  am  also  desirous  of  learning 
from  any  one  conversant  with  monastic 
stuctures,  either  here  or  abroad,  where 
the  places  in  which  such  confession  were 
heard,  and  which  Bedyll  by  virtue  of  his 
yisitorial  office  directed  to  be  walled  up, 
were  situated. 

W.  D.  B.  wishes  to  correct  a  typo, 
graphical  error  or  two  which  appeared  in 
his  account  of  the  Barwick  family  in  the 
last  number  of  this  Magazine,  viz.  for 
"the  Hon.  T.  O.  Bruce,"  read  "the 
Hon.  /.  O.  Bruce  ;"  for  1773  read  1733. 
A  short  account  of  the  late  Barwick 
Bruce,  M.D.  ot  Barbadoes,  will  be  found 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Sept. 
1842,  p.  33U 


Ma.  UasAN, — Considerable  variety  of 
opinion  having  been  expressed  about  the 
derivation  of  Meols  or  Meals  Ta  name 
which  occurs  in  the  coast  line  of  Doth  the 
east  and  wert  of  England,)  I  beg  to  hand 
you  some  of  them,  and,  with  great  de- 
ference, another  which  has  occurred  to 
myielf  lately.  Mr.  Baines,  in  his  History 
of  Lancashire,  parish  of  North  MeoLs, 
traces  the  etymology  of  the  word  to  the 
Saxon  dialect  of  the  Teutonic  Melo,  a 
grain  of  any  kind,  qn,  '*  sand,**  in  allusion 
to  the  numerous  sand.dunes,  which  have 
accumulated  hereabouts  and,  form  the  sea- 
barrier  to  this  part  of  the  county.  Another 
etymology  of  "  meals'*  is  from  the  marum 
or  marramy  the  sand-reed  or  star  which 
grows  upon  the  hills,  and  serves  to  bind 
them  together.  I  once  heard  of  a  Greek 
derivation  being  attempted  to  be  placed 
upon  this  wonl,  and  the  attempt  was 
certainly  an  ingenious  one,  however  im. 
probable.  Thus  meals  from  /*«  noil,  and 
oXr  Miiire,  "  no  longer  tea,"  because  tra- 
dition  asserts  that  the  comitry  was  for- 
merly inundated  by  the  tides  where  the 
feebie  break.water  of  sands  now  exists. 
Different  from  all  theae  raa^  I  Tenture  to 
offer  another  derivadon  which  I  do  not 
remember  ever  to  have  seen,  Initead  of 
a  Saxon  might  the  term  NMo/haye  a  Celtic 
origin,  and  be  a  mere  permutation  of  stot/, 
a  word  still  used  in  Welsh  to  express 
mountain  or  hill  ?  I  shall  only  observe 
further  that  in  ancient  MSS.  the  word  is 
spelled  meales,  mofef,  and  motU  in- 
differently.  Yours,  &c.  An  Inhabitant 
or  NoETU  MxoLf,  Lancasbirb. 

£.  M.  states  that  our  correspondent 
who  is  troubled  with  bookworms  will  be 
able  to  destroy  them  if  he  shut  hia  book 
up  in  a  box  along  with  tome  camphor  or 
haruhorn.  The  leaves  should  be  spread, 
to  allow  the  vapour  to  penetrate;  two 
or  three  hours  would  probably  be  long 
enough,  but  it  would  be  well  to  try  on  a 
book  known  to  contain  them.  Neither 
the  camphor  nor  the  hartshorn  will  injure 
the  work  in  the  least. 

BaaATA.— Deeember,  p.  68S,  ooL  1,  note, 
dtf/breomni  innti  ab.  ibid.  col.  1, 1.  40,  ft^or« 
geris  intert  bellum.  Ibid.  col.  3,  L  SO. /or  Labks 
TtaA  Labbe.  P.  584,  col.  S.  1. 48, Ar  l^yB^ww 
read  t^$ti^, 

January,  p.  a,  L  2,  for  OUphanI  read  Dili- 
vant;  1.  86,  Mr.  Heberden  was  not  a  Senior 
Optime,  but  9th  Wrangler  in  1779.  P.  n>  coL 
1,  1.  45,  for  Latemuense  read  Lateranense. 
UAd.  h  alt.  for  hcreslem  read  hcrerim.  P. 
98,  col.  l,t.44,/or  in  read  into.  OoLa,Unef4> 
for  universal  read  unusuaL 


THB 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


Gpy/on  and  it$  Capahiltties,  Sfc,    By  J.  W.  Bennett,  E$q.  F.L.S.    4to. 

OUR  attention  has  been  drawn  to  this  work,  not  only  from  the  g^reat 
importance  of  the  subject,  bat  for  the  very  complete  and  masterly  manner 
in  which  it  is  treated.     There  does  not  exist  a  colony  of  greater  import- 
ance to  the  mother  country  than  the  one  described  in  this  book.     It  is 
pre-eminent  in  its  natural  resources,  whether  we  consider  the  fertility  of 
Its  soil,  the  variety  of  its  productions^  the  great  extent  of  its  uncultivated 
hinds,  the  character  and  number  of  its  inhabitants,  or  the  increasing 
richness  of  its  exports.     It  is  for  the  purpose  of  directing  the  attention  of 
Government  to  a  possession  at  once  so  valuable  and  so  neglected,  that  Mr« 
Bennett  has  collected  all  the  information  that  a  long  residence  in  the 
island,  and  an  intimate  acquaintance  with  it,  has  given  him  -,  and  has  at 
once  shown  what  the  capabilities  of  the  country  are,  and  what  are  the 
proper  means  of  their  further  developement.    The  work  is  dedicated  to 
the  Earl  of  Ripon,  under  whose  administration  it  appears  that  the  colony 
has  received  the  greatest  benefits,  by  the  abolition  of  monopolies,  relief 
from  feudal  service,  reductions  in  the  expenditure,*  introduction  of  the 
trial  by  jury,  extension  of  agriculture,  and  protection  of  commerce.     The 
plan  of  the  work  is  extensive,  yet  every  part  of  its  outline  is  filled  with 
the  requisite  information,  and  he  who  is  yet  undecided  as  to  what  distant 
part  of  the  globe  he  may  waft  himself  and  his  household  gods,  who  is 
uncertain  in  what  direction  fortune  is  most  likely  to  fill  his  favoured  sails, 
and  where  he  may  risk  his  little  fortune  with  best  hopes  of  remuneration, 
certainly  in  this  volume  will  find  every  source  of  necessary  information 
open  to  him  respecting  what  the  author  calls  "  the  most  important  and 
valuable  of  all  the  insular  possessions  of  the  imperial  crown.*'     A  long 
residence  in  the  island,  in  an  official  capacity,  and  a  naturally  active  and 
inquiring  mind,  enabled  the  author  to  collect  more  information  on  the  sub- 
ject than  any  person  had  previously  acquired ;  he  associated  with  all 
classes,  and  obtained  his  knowledge  at  the  fountain-head  -,  the  priest  and 
the  chief,  the  merchant  and  the  agriculturist,  the  astrologer  and  the  culler 
of  simples,  the  native  doctor,  the  mechanic,  the  husbandman,   the  sea 
fisherman  and  the  humbler  angler  for  the  finny  tribes  of  the  fresh-water 
streams,  all  opened  to  him  their  various  cabinets  of  knowledge ;  to  which 
he  added  whatever  could  be  derived  from  works  subsequently  published, 
or  from  oral  communication. 

His  description  extends  through  the  five  provinces  into  which  the 
island  is  divided,  and  includes  everything  worthy  of  notice  either  as  regards 
the  civil  and  social  state  of  the  settlements,  or  the  geography  and  natural 
history  of  the  country.  But  the  leading  object  of  Mr.  Bennett's  work  is 
to  show  the  necessity  of  great  and  immediate  improvement  in  the  manage- 
ment of  this  colony,  and  a  much  wider  developement  of  its  almost  inex- 

*  The  lalarj  of  the  chief  jadge  in  Cejlon  it  now  only  3,500/.  a-year,  and  of  tae 
pniine  judge  1,500/.;  instead  of  7,000/.  and  4,000/.  enjoyed  by  their  predeceaion* 


]  15  Bennett's  Ceylon  and  Us  Capabilities.  [Feb. 

haastible  resources.  From  this  island  alone  we  might  procure  all  our 
teak  timber  for  the  navy ;  in  this  island  we  might  grow  sugar,  tea,  and 
spices  of  every  description  ;  we  might  to  any  extent  cultivate  cotton  and 
indigo,  silk,  and  coffee,  and  tobacco,  and  yet  so  little  has  the  attention  of 
Government  or  its  functionaries  been  drawn  to  the  subject  of  the  resources 
of  the  island,  that,  though  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  that  coal  has 
been  discovered,  the  inquiry  has  never  been  prosecuted ;  and,  as  Mr. 
Bennett  justly  says,  "  that  mineral  is  now  become  an  object  of  such  great 
and  general  importance  as  to  be  worthy  of  the  most  particular  research, 
for  the  purpose  of  supplying  fuel  to  steam- vessels  touching  at  Ceylon,  on 
their  voyage  to  and  from  Madras,  Bengal,  and  the  Red  Sea,  and  would  be 
one  of  the  greatest  acquisitions  to  the  colony  that  discovery  has  ever  pro- 
duced/**— We  shall  now  give  a  few  specimens  of  the  acquaintance  of  the 
author  with  his  subject,  though  we  are  obliged  somewhat  to  abridge  and 
thereby  disfigure  them  3  and  our  best  wish  for  him,  as  well  as  for  the 
public  interest,  is,  that  those  in  whose  gift  the  appointments  of  the  colony 
rest,  may  avail  themselves  of  Mr.  Bennett's  experience  and  activity,  and 
place  him  in  such  a  situation  as  may  enable  him  at  once  to  secure  his 
own  iodependencc,  and  to  promote  the  welfare  and  increase  the  resources 
of  the  country  committed  to  his  charge. 

Ceylon  presents  a  variety  of  climate,  which  may  be  classed  as  hot,  in- 
termediate,  and  temperate  ;  the  first,  that  of  the  maritime  provinces  -,  the 
second,  that  of  the  country  lying  between  them  and  the  mountainous 
region  ;  and  the  third,  adjoining  the  highest  land,  which  is  8280  feet 
above  the  level  of  the  sea,  and  800  feet  higher  than  Adam^s  Peak,  which 
is  generally  considered  to  be  the  highest  land.  Here  the  annual  range 
of  the  thermometer  is  from  36°  to  8  T,  an  approach  to  an  European  climate, 
while  the  mean  annual  temperature  of  the  coast  is  between  79**  and  81^ 
the  extreme  range  of  the  thermometer  between  68**  and  90**,  and  the 
medium  range  between  75**  and  8G^  The  appearance  of  the  island  on  the 
first  approach  of  the  voyager  is  delightful  5  it  presents  a  line  of  verdure, 
the  northern  coast  being  belted  with  intermingled  palmyra  and  coco-palm, 
and  its  southern  shores  covered  with  myriads  of  the  latter  to  the  very 
vei^ge  of  the  sea.f    The  island  generally  is  visited   with  continual  sea- 

*  Mr.  Bennett  justly  hopes  that  mineralogists  may  be  inclined  to  turn  their  atten- 
tion to  the  geology  of  this  magnificent  country  ;  for  there  can  be  but  little  doubt  that 
it  will  increaae  the  present  number  of  its  known  mineral  productions,  if  it  do  not 
include  both  gold  mid  »ilver. 

t  The  coco-palm  delightn  in  proximity  to  the  sea  ;  its  shells,  in  numbers  like  little 
vegetable  fleets,  may  be  seen  performing  their  voyage  in  the  tropic  seas,  aa  the 
current  of  the  ocean  may  drift  them,  perhaps  to  shade  and  fertilize  some  distant  shores. 
Mr.  Bennett  says  he  never  saw,  in  any  country,  the  coco-palm  attain  the  height  it 
does  in  Ceylon  ;  he  also  mentions  that  he  never  heard  of  but  one  fatal  accident  from 
the  falling  of  a  coco- nut  from  the  tree.  Has  Mr.  Bennett  ever  made  note  of  the 
eompcrative  rate  at  which  the  different  speciea  of  palms  grow  ?  for  he  observes 
generally,  that  they  are  alt  of  rapid  growth,  (p.  95.)  Now,  in  Itoly,  the  reason  why 
the  date-palm  (dactylifera)  is  not  more  grown,  though  so  much  admired,  is  from  the 
extreme  iloumeaa  of  it*  groicth.  This  we  were  informed  by  gardeners  at  Naples  and 
Rome.  As  regards  the  number  of  species  of  palms,  botanists  seem  to  us  to  differ 
very  widely.  If,  as  is  conjectured,  they  approach  to  somewhere  about  200,  it  is  a 
noble  achievement  surely  in  those  distinguished  gardeners,  Mess rs.Loddiges  of  Hackney, 
to  have  brought  together  above  half  of  that  number,  where,  in  our  northern  climate, 
they  may  be  seen  towering  in  their  natural  size  and  beauty.  It  is  our  opinion  that 
tbesrax-palm  of  South  America  would  grow  in  the  warmer  parts  of  our  island  ;  but 
what  was  our  surprise  in  seeing  a  specimen  of  the  chanuerope  humilie  in  the  planta- 
tions of  KeniiDgton  gardens  last  summer! ! 


1844.] 


Benuett'a  Ceylon  and  Us  Capabillliit, 


117 


breezes,  which  render  its  hottest  parts  much  inore  temperate  thaa  the 
ditnate  of  Hindostan.  Tlic  seasons  accuinpany  the  uionsooiis,  and  the 
dimatc  Is  foand  to  improve  as  agriculture  increases,  and  the  almost  im- 
pervious fore^'^ts — the  iiyrsc  of  disease  in  its  worst  form— yield  to  culti- 
TatioD. 

Wc  shall  now  mention  a  few  of  the  vegetable  productions  of  the  island ; 
and  the  first  place  is  assuredly  due  to  the  pahus.    Of  this  noble  tree  there 
arc  several  species,  and  five  varieties  of  the  coco-pahn.     This  tree   blos- 
soms in  about  six  or  seven  years,  and  from  that  time  to  sixty  continues  to 
produce  its  fruit  in  abuudance.     The  fruit  is   gathered   four  or  five  times 
^a-year.  but  there  is  scarctdy  any  part  of  tins  valuable   tree  that  is   not 
turned  to  some  imj)ottant  use.     The   nreka  p^hn   is   next   in  value.     It 
much  resembles  the  cabbagt-  palm  of  the  W^cst  Indies  ;  the  nnt  forms  the 
principal  ingredient  in  t!ie  betrl  masticatory  ;  its  properties  as  a  dye  are 
weli  known  in  Scotland.     The  third  palm  m  value  is  the  palmyra  or  fan 
pa]m   (Borassus  flabclliformis).     Its   leaves,    cut  in   strips,  are  used  for 
native  books  and  letters  j  tlicy  are  written  on  with  an  iron  style,  and  lamp* 
I  black  is  then    rubbed   over  them.     Pnira   oil  is  midc  of  the  pulp  j  the 
[iprjng-leaf  is  an  excellent  vegetable,   and    prilmyra    tiour    has   been  so 
I  esteemed  as  to  be  exported  to  the  Cape.     The  next  in  point  of  utility  is 
the  Caryota  urens,  or  sugar  palm.     The  toddy  drawn  from  it  is  so  lu!*cious 
that  it  is  only  used  when  tliat  of  tlic  coco  ])ahn  cannot  be  procured. 

Then  follows  the  talipat,  or  umbrella-bearing  palm;  the  leaf  of  this 
tree  is  the  largest  known  in  the  world.  Its  circumference  is  from 
thirty  to  forty  feet,*  and  it  is  so  thorougfily  impervious  to  the  sun  and 
|iju|>enetrablc  by  the  heaviest  rains,  that  its  value  to  the  native  traveller 
[might  be  easily  imagined.  Tents  of  all  kinds  arc  made  of  it.  The 
I'Baddhist  priests  had  the  same  privilege  as  royalty  as  to  the  taiipat  fan 
|1)eing  borne  over  them  ^vith  the  broad  end  foremost*  Be  the  quantity 
Flif  rain  what  it  may,  not  a  particle  of  moisture  is  imbibed  by  this  leaf. 
rCeylon  does  not  produce  the  date* palm,  thong ii  two  wild  varieties  of  it  are 
J  found  there.  Mr.  Bennett,  whose  activity  and  vigilance  seem  never  sus- 
I  poidcd.  brought  a  specimen  of  the  cycas  circinalis  from  the  mouutaine, 
rlrhch  he  planted  in  Ceylon,  and  n  lien  he  left  the  island  he  says  it  was  a 
[Tery  fine  tree,  and  flourished  as  well  as  in  its  native  soil.  There  is, 
■besides  the  above,  a  specimen  of  dwarf  paluh  or  jmlmetto,  of  the  leaf  of 
rH-hich  small  baskets  arc  made.  The  next  plant  of  importance  is  the  cin- 
Ramon.  This  plant  fust  attracted  the  attention  of  the  Portuguese  dis- 
£>verer  of  the  islaiui  in  1.506,  and  he  commenced  a  treaty  with  the  rajah 
r Ceylon  for  2,500  quintals  of  it.  It  was  then  only  known  in  its  wild 
litate,  and  was  never  cultivated  till  about  1770,  when  the  Dutch  governor, 
J.  W.  Falck,  determined  to  try  the  effect  of  culture  upon  it. 


**  We  re<i<]Uy  accuse  (says  the  author) 
the  Dutch  uf  moaopoUsing  the  prmdpal 


staples  of  cotontai  commerce,  and  we  call 
tbtit  policy  illiberal  which  rcBtdcted  the 


•  A  ip«ckinen  of  one  of  its  leaves,  tbirty-aiit  feet  in  cirDumference,  may  be  aeeu  in 
Klo^'i  Cgllc^e*     It  belonged  to  Mr.  Bennett. 

f  Mr.  Bennett  says,  in  l^'Z'Z  and  1825  he  sent  several  ialipat  trees  to  the  late  Earl 
of  Tankerville,  Lord  Bagot,  and  the  Hort.  Society  from  Ceylon  ;  and,  tn  1839,  he 
I  ttreseoted  the  oiily  perfect  taiipat  seed  that  he  liad  left  to  Mr.  Carter,  the  geedsmanof 
i'Molbam.  It  if  curiouA  that  the  Venetian  traveller,  Nicolo  di  Conti,  in  the  fifteenth 
Icentury,  after  noticing  the  ctnuauion  of  Ceylon,  should  deseribc  the  darian  (Drnrio 
Ifiliethinus)  as  an  indigenous  fruit,  but  vs^bich  i»  not  known  At  this  day  in  Cejlooi 


1 1 8  Bennett's  Ceyhn  and  Ua  CapabaUies.  [Feb. 

culture  of  ciniuunon  to  Ceylon,  of  the  tiffkietm  monthi  in  our  poeseeslon,  when 
dove  to  the  Moloccaf ,  and  of  the  nutmeg  the  Govemment  declared  the  late  king  of 
to  the  Banda  islimdi ;  but  what  did  not  Kandy's  '  monopoly  in  areka  nuts,  car- 
the  British  Government  in  Ceylon  monopO'  damoms,  bees'  wax,  coffee,  and  pepper, 
Km,  over  which  it  had  power  T  and  even  to  be  highly  prejudicial  to  the  growth 
during  the  continuance  of  its  own  mo*  of  those  yaluable  articles  of  inland  pro- 
nopolies  of  cinnamon  and  salt,  cum  multie  duce,  and  injurious  to  the  commercial  in- 
aUie,  which  bad  obtained  from  the  cession  terests  of  the  colony,'  and  it  was  there- 
of the  island  by  the  Dutch  in  1796,  the  upon  abandoned  by  proclamation  in  the 
Kandyan    kingdom   had    been    scarcely  Kandyan  territories/' 

For  nearly  three  centuries  before  Lord  Godericb*s  fiat  went  forth,  every 
regulation  of  the  Portuguese,  Dutch,  and  British  Governments  in  regard  to 
cinnamon  teemed  with  tyranny  and  oppression.  "  The  proprietor  of  the 
soil,  whether  European  or  native,  did  not  dare  to  destroy  a  plant,  which  a 
passing  jackdaw  or  pompadour  pigeon,  by  dropping  its  ordure,  containing 
the  indigested  seed,  might  have  been  the  vehicle  of  generating  in  his 
grounds  -,  and  a  penalty  was  attached  to  the  party  omitting  to  report  to 
the  superintendent  of  cinnamon  plantations  the  presence  of  snch  an  un- 
welcome intruder  on  his  property.  But  this  was  not  all.  The  proprietor 
dared  neither  to  cut  a  stick  of  cinnamon  for  his  own  nse,  nor  a  particle  of 
the  bark  for  his  domestic  purposes,  nor  to  distil  camphor  from  its  roots,  or 
dove  oil  from  its  foliage ;  because  all  cinnamon  plants  and  bushes  tosre 
public  property  ,*  and,  whenever  the  superintendent  chose,  he  sent  persons 
to  decorticate  the  trees  and  carry  the  bark  to  the  Government  stores, 
without  the  slightest  remuneration  to  the  landlord.** 

The  best  c'mnamon  is  obtained  from  the  shoots  which  spring  almost  per- 
pendicularly from  the  roots  after  the  tree  has  been  cut  down.  The  two 
regular  seasons  for  barking  are  from  April  to  August,  and  from  November 
to  January.  The  Government  tasters  have  so  delicate  a  sense  that  they 
can  distinguish  either  of  the  four  best  sorts  of  cinnamon  in  the  dark. 

The  Ceylon  Government  derives  an  average  revenue  of  120,000/.  a-year 
from  cinnamon,  cinnamon  oil>  and  clove  oil.  The  genuine  cinnamon  is  not 
thicker  than  stout  writing  paper,  of  a  light  yellowish  red,  and  of  a  sweetly 
fragrant  taste.  Many  impositions  are  practised  in  this  country  by  selling 
the  bark  as  genuine  cinnamon  after  its  essential  oil  has  been  distilled  from 
it  When  cinnamon  is  shipped  for  England,  black  pepper  is  used  to  fill 
the  interstices  between  the  bales,  for  without  this  the  cinnamon  wonld 
lose  half  its  value  )  but,  by  being  stowed  together,  each  spice  is  preserved 
in  the  utmost  perfection  during  the  homeward  voyage,  it  was  the  late 
Mr.  Vanderstraaten  who  obtained  a  grant  from  the  Government,  and 
formed  gardens  of  the  pepper  vine,  in  the  hope  of  rendering  the  island 
independent  of  the  Malabar  coast  for  that  important  spice,  without  which 
the  cinnamon  would  lose  its  aromatic  properties,  and  consequently  its 
value  during  its  homeward  voyage.* 

*  Mr.  Bennett  says,  that  the  ''cinnamon  breezes  wafted  from  Ceylon*'  to  the 
senses  of  voyagers  is  aU  a  delusion.  If  any  fragrance  accompanies  them  it  must  be 
ttom  the  orange  and  lime  and  jasmine  blossoms,  or  from  the  Pandanns  odoratissi- 
mus.  *'  If  proof  (be  says)  were  wanting  of  the  effect  of  imagination  in  regard  to 
cinnamon  breezes,  I  might  quote  an  incident  which  occurred  on  board  an  East  India- 
man  while  standing  along  the  island,  but  not  in  sight  of  it,  with  the  wind  dead  on  the 
land.  The  surgeon  hsTing  rubbed  a  little  oii  of  dnnomion  on  the  weather  hammock 
nettings,  the  passengers  who  assembled  on  the  poop  just  before  dinner  were  so  com- 
pletely conrinced  of  the  reality  of  the  cinnamon  breezes,  that  one  of  them  actnaUy 
published  an  account  of  it,  yVom  hie  otpfi  ej^periefict  ^fite  fragreince  mtmy  ieayuee  a$ 


\ 


1844.]  Bennett*!  Cei^lon  and  lU  Capabilkiei,  119 

The  local  agriculture  of  Ceylon  doei  cot  yet  inclade  that  of  indigo, 
whrcb  is  still  imported  from  tbe  Indian  coutiiient,  aod  yet  the  climate  of- 
fen  none  of  tho6«  injurious  vicissitudes  which  in  the  course  of  a  night  have 
denuitated  the  extensive  plantations  in  BengEK  that  in  the  preceding  day 
liad  appeared  in  all  their  iuxuriance  of  apprcacbing  maturity.  It  is  cer- 
tainly a  most  singular  fact*  thai,  though  both  the  varieties^  gatwa  and 
•pTf»iff.  grow  in  prolific  abundance,  tbe  last  export  of  that  dye  took  place 
under  the  Dutch  government  of  the  island  in  1 754 ^  and  some  experi* 
ments  subsequently  to  raise  it  have  faikrl,  from  tlie  absence  or  death  of 
tlie  projectors  ;  and  Mr.  Bennett  considers  that  tbecultuic  of  this  valuable 
plant  most  not  t>e  left  to  the  private  energy  of  individualB,  but  must  be  taken 
Qp  by  the  Government;  as  tbe  cultivation  of  cofftc^  and  perhaps  &ugar^ 
will  aheorb  all  the  capital  which  the  European  colonists  can  command,* 
OpiuioD  was  at  one  time  pretty  general  tbat  SHg:ir  could  not  be  grown  in 
the  island,  80  as  to  ensure  a  suOicient  return  for  the  capital  laid  out.  This 
is  believed  to  have  originated  in  the  failure  of  experiments  at  Kal- 
tura  upon  the  estates  of  Messrs*  Layard  and  Moognart,  who  were  alike 
indefatigable  in  every  undertaking  of  public  or  private  utility.  These 
gentlemen  introduced  the  culture  of  the  sugar  cane,  but  upon  too  exten- 
sive a  scale  for  ahrst  experiment,  and.  owing  to  the  quHutity  of  iron  with 
which  the  soil  there  is  almost  everywhere  impregnated,  were  unsuc* 
cessfnl.  That  sugar  is  now  grown,  equal  to  any  produced  in  Siam  or 
China}  recent  extensive  experiments  at  Koondelas^  in  the  central  pro* 
vince,  have  folly  established.  In  a  few  years  the  island  will  become 
independent  of  other  countries  for  this  article  of  domestic  consumption^ 
whilst  its  greater  cheapness »  by  reiidering  it  accessible  to  ttie  lower 
disaes,  will  increase  the  demand  for  it»  to  an  extent  that  must  ensure  its 
general  cultivation  wherever  the  soil  may  be  found  adapted  to  it  i  and  it  is 
therefore  to  be  anticipated,  that,  long  before  tbe  island  produces  a  surplus 
for  exportation,  the  import  duties  upon  East  and  West  India  sugars  will 
have  been  equalised  in  tbe  home -tariff.  From  samples  brought  to  this 
coantry  by  individuals,  tbe  quality  of  the  Kaiidyan  sugar  is  not  surpassed 
by  that  of  the  Mauritius  or  Bengal,  either  in  the  quality  of  its  saccharine 
matter  or  in  cryataJiisation.  Coffee  ^m^^  first  introduced  into  Ceylon  from 
Java,  where  it  was  originally  planted  by  the  governor  of  Batavia,  who 
procored  the  seeds  from  Mocha  in  1723.  He  also  sent  some  plants  to 
Amsterdam  ;  one  of  these  plants  the  French  consul  obtained  for  Louis 
XIV,  This  plant,  placed  in  a  hot-house,  throve  admirably,  and  tbe  French 
Government  sent  its  produce  to  the  island  of  Martinique,  Only  one  plant 
bowever  survived  the  voyage  }  and  this  one  plant  (for  the  history  is  curi- 
ous] was  the  original  parent  of  all  the  present  colfeG  plantations  in  the 
British,  French,  and  Spanish  West  Indies.  In  l^l-l,  the  value  of  coffee 
exported  from  Colombo  to  Great  Britain  amounted  to  \97^3B7L  but 
at  the  same  time  not  a  single  bale  of  cotton,  or  silk,  or  a  pound  of  cocoa, 
indigo,  gum,  opium,  or  cochineal,  the  ftative  produce  of  the  island,  was 
exf>orted  ;  and  not  even  pepper  enough  of  Ceylon  growth  to  pack  the 
cinnamon.  Till  the  cinnamon  grower  is  placed  on  a  more  equal  footing 
with  the  cultivator  of  coffee,  tbe  cultivation  of  the  latter  plant  will  continue 
to  iocrease  at  the  expense  of  the  former.f 


•  8<«  Mr.  Bennett'i  account  of  particulars,  p.  75 — 77. 

t  U  appears  that  mvch  injury  to  the  oinaamon  grower  at  Ceylon  is  prodaced 


120  Bennett's  Ceylon  and  its  Capabiikies,  [Feb. 

Mr.  Bennett  introdnced  in  1821  that  valuable  plant  the  cassada  or 
manioc  from  the  Manritins.  Little  attention,  however,  he  says,  has  been 
paid  to  its  colture,  though  there  is  no  root  which  is  so  well  adapted  from 
its  nature  to  become  a  substitute  for  rice,  and  one  or  two  failures  in  the 
rice  crop  would  evince  its  value.  Being  safe  from  the  vicissitudes  of 
weather,  it  is  rendered  a  certain  succedaneum  for  rice.  It  is  easily  pro- 
pagated, grows  rapidly,  and  ensures  a  regular  succession  of  crops,  week 
after  week,  and  month  after  month,  throughout  the  year.  It  will  grow 
any  where  in  a  tropical  climate,  and  thrives  in  a  sandy  soil :  indeed  the 
mnthor  thinks  so  highly  of  it,  as  to  say  that,  next  to  vaccination,it  would  be 
one  of  the  chief  blessings  ever  conferred  on  the  colony  by  the  hand  of  man. 
It  was  in  1 826  that  the  Assistant-Staflf-Surgeon  Crawford  sent  to  Mr. 
Bennett,  among  other  plants,  a  fine  specimen  of  what  he  considered  the 
real  tea,  in  flower.  It  fully  answered  the  generic  description  in  Linnaeus, 
and  Mr.  Bennett  has  given  a  coloured  sketch  of  it,  (p.  277,)  which  cer- 
tainly appears  to  accord  with  the  character  of  the  real  plant  He  adds 
that  Mr.  Crawford  did  not  assume  any  merit  to  himself  for  the  discovery, 
U  bting  clear  that  the  Dutch  were  well  aware  of  the  tea  plant  being  indi- 
genous  in  the  eastern  province  )  but  it  is  somewhat  surprising  that  the 
attention  of  Government  has  never  been  directed  to  the  subject,  for,  if  it  is 
worth  while  to  cultivate  tea  in  the  distant  province  of  Assam  with  all  its 
inconveniences  and  dangers,  it  would  be  a  much  more  lucrative  speculation 
nearer  home.  But  Mr.  Bennett  observes,  **  This,  like  the  bread-fruit 
tree,  is  another  chance  discovery ;  and  a  better  acquaintance  with  Ceylon 
in  1787 — 1789,  would  have  rendered  the  two  expensive  trips  to  Otaheite, 
for  supplying  the  West  Indies  with  bread-fruit  plants,  inexpedient ;  for 
they  could  have  been  obtained  in  any  quantity  from  this  island,  and  have 
obriated  all  the  disastrous  consequences  of  the  mutiny  on  board  his  Ma- 
jesty's ship  Bounty.*'t  Captain  Percival  in  his  account  of  Ceylon,  in  1805» 
informs  us  that  '*  the  tea  plant  has  been  discovered  native  in  the  forests 
of  the  island ;  it  grows  spontaneously  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Trincomal^, 
and  other  northern  parts  of  Ceylon.  An  officer  of  the  80th  regiment 
informed  the  author  of  this  work  that  he  had  found  the  real  plant  in  the 
woods  of  Ceylon,  of  a  qualitt/  equal  to  any  thai  ever  grew  in  China,  and  that 
it  was  in  his  power  to  point  out  to  Government  the  means  of  cultivating  it 
in  a  proper  manner."  Mr.  Bennetts  attention,  which  seemed  always 
awake,  was  directed  to  the  culture  of  the  mulberry  plant  as  an  indis- 
pensable preliminary  to  Lis  projected  introduction  of  the  several  varieties 
of  the  silkwomi,  from  Malta,  Bengal,  China,  St.  Helena,  and  the  south  of 
France.  Had  this  plan  been  carried  into  effect,  it  would  soon  have  de- 
termined which  species  of  silkworm  would  best  agree  with  the  humid 
atmosphere  of  Ceylon  ;  and,  as  both  species  of  the  mulberry  tree  succeeded 
beyond  his  most  sanguine  hopes,  the  speculation  might  have  been  pro- 
ceeded with,  safely  and  successfully,  and  silk  have  become  long  ere 
this  one  of  the  most  valiiablv  exports  of  the  island.    The  growth  of  the 


by  the  importation  of  the  some  spice,  the  produce  of  Java,  under  the  name  of  ''  Cas- 
•la  lii^nea,"  or  base  cinnamon,  probably  the  produce  of  Malabar  or  China.  The  ex- 
ternal appearance  of  thi*!ie  two  varieties  of  the  aromatic  laurel,  (Laurus  Cinna- 
momum  and  Laurus  Cassia,)  cannot  be  distinguished  when  growing,  except  by  the 
leaf,  and  tliat  only  by  those  accustomed  to  both  the  trees. 

*  It  iti  also  to  I'm'  observed  that  this  expedition  was  as  useless  as  unfortunate,  for  the 
bread-fruit  has  never  been  cultivated,  while  the  plaintain,  and  yam,  and  cassavst  are  the 
staple  food  of  the  negroes. 
I 


1844.]  Bennett's  Ceylon  and  its  CapahilUiei.  121 

mnlbeiTy  is  so  extremely  rapid  that  in  six  months  the  plantations  would 
be  in  full  bearing.  The  foltomng  is  a  very  curious  account  of  the  Chinese 
cultivation  of  this  insect,  and  its  tree. 

"  The  Chinese,  who  are  the  greatest  lown,  and  produce  trees  of  the  desired 

sQk  growers  in  the  world,  consider  the  preponderance  of  foliage.    These  inge- 

molherrj  tree  that  hears  the  least  fruit,  nious  people  select  rising  grounds,  near 

die  best ;  and  ;adopt  a  curious  method  rivulets,  for  the  habitations  of  their  silk 

to  increase  the  quantity  of  foliage,  and  worms ;  for  the   eggs    require    frequent 


that  of  the  fruit ;  namely,  by  washings,  and  the  purest  running  water 
feediiig  hens  upon  the  ripe  fruit  of  the  is  considered  the  best.  The  place  must 
malberry  tree,  after  it  had  been  partly  be  kept  free  from  fetid  or  bad  smells,  and 
dried  hi  the  sun  ;  the  ordure  of  the  fowls  noise  ;  for,  when  the  silkworms  are  fully 
is  subsequently  collected  and  steeped  in  hatched,  even  the  barking  of  a  dog,  or  the 
water,  and  the  undigested  seeds,  hav-  crowing  of  a  cock,  throws  them  into  con- 
ing been   again   soaked    in    water,   are  fusion." 

As  regards  the  fruits  of  Ceylon,  every  thing  has  been  left  to  nature, 
except  where  Europeans  have  introduced  the  arts  of  horticulture.  The 
best  edible  fruits  are  from  naturalised  exotics,  originally  introduced  by  the 
Dntch,  from  Guiana,  Java,  and  Amboyna.  They  have  the  mangosteen 
(Garcinia  Mangostana,)  which  is  considered  the  ne  plus  ultra  of  tropical 
fruits ;  the  rose  apple  (Eugenia  fragrans  \)  the  sour  sop  (Annona 
moricata,)  but  this  is  scarce ;  the  grape,  introduced  from  Goa ;  the 
lo-qnat  (Eriobotrya  Japonica;)  the  lemon,  the  fig,  the  pine-apple, 
miroduced  by  Mr.  Bennett  from  the  Mauritius  in  1821  ^  the  Mandarin 
orange^  the  pomegranate,  the  orange,  shadock,  guava,  papaw,  the 
mango,  the  best  Persian  melons,  the  strawberry,  the  plantain  and  ba- 
nana, cachew  apple,  and  others  which  we  have  not  room  to  mention.  Of 
European  frnits,  grapes  and  strawberries  thrive  best ;  and  vegetables,  in- 
dodingthe  potato,  onion,  cabbage,  cauliflower,  turnip,  carrot,  pulse,  aspa- 
ragus, radish,  celery,  endive,  cucumber,  and  indeed  every  species  culti- 
vmted  at  home,  rapidly  attain  perfection,  when  compared  with  their  growth 
in  this  country.  There  can  be  little  doubt  but  the  Portuguese  hop  would 
thrive  in  Ceylon,  if  the  British  species  should  not.  Persons  who  have 
resided  in  Portugal  may  recollect  the  great  horror  with  which  the  hep-bine 
is  regarded  and  spoken  of  by  the  Portuguese,  (who  consider  it  a  deadly 
poison,)  notwithstanding  their  partiality  fbr  British  malt  liquors.  Where 
wheal  will  attain  the  perfection  it  does,  in  the  interior  of  Ceylon,  there 
can  be  no  doubt  that  barley  and  oats  could  be  easily  naturalised. 
TThe  northern  part  of  the  province  of  Ouva,  Mr.  Bennett  says,  presents  such 
a  diversity  of  hill  and  dale,  forest  and  plain,  and  consequently  of  climate, 
which  in  the  upper  parts  may  be  styled  temperate,  the  thermometer  in  the 
morning  being  as  low  as  fifty  degrees,  that  it  is  more  surprising  than  other- 
wise that  the  tide  of  immigration  of  moderate  capitalists  has  not  yet  set 
towards  Ouva.  The  potato  flourishes  there  in  its  utmost  perfection  and 
abundance,  and  is  now  largely  cultivated  by  the  natives,  and  the  gentle 
acclivities  of  the  country  arc  favourable  to  the  growth  of  the  vine.  The 
first  attempt  to  grow  wheat  in  Kandy  was  in  1815,  and,  though  it  com- 
pletely succeeded,  yet,  owing  to  the  partiality  of  the  natives  for  rice,  it 
will  scarcely  be  an  object  of  extensive  cultivation,  until  a  more  general 
influx  of  European  settlers  might  make  it  otherwise.  To  a  naval  power 
like  England,  all  that  is  connected  with  the  supply  of  her  shipping  must 
be  considered  as  of  the  first  consequence  j  accordingly  Mr.  Bennett  draws 
the  attention  of  her  Majesty's  Government  to  the  culture  of  the  indige- 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI.  R 


122  BeDDett*8  Ceylon  and  its  CapahilUiei.  [Feb. 

nous  hemp,  and  the  formation  of  teak  woods  upon  the  crown  lands  of  the 
maritime  provinces.  'J'hat  the  Ceylon  teak  is  not  inferior  to  any  that 
India  produces  is  undeniable  ;  and,  though  the  present  supply  of  that  va- 
luable timber  (the  oak  of  the  East)  from  the  Malabar  and  Burmese 
coasts*  is  abundant,  yet  a  time  may  come  when  Great  Britain  may  have 
to  depend  on  its  own  resources  for  ship-building  materials.  The  teak-tree 
flourishes  best  upon  the  sea  coast,  and  the  neighbourhood  of  Galle,  Co- 
lombo, Negembo,  and  Trincomal^,  offer  every  facility  for  planting  this  va- 
luable tree.  Besides  teak,  the  woods  of  Ceylon  abound  with  satin-wood, 
ebony,  red  wood,  and  innumerable  other  trees  for  which  there  are  none 
but  native  names. f  There  is  abundance  of  zebra-wood,  though  neither 
rose-woo<l  or  mahogany  \  but  some  specimens  of  jack  and  bread-fruit- 
tree  wood,  when  old,  equal  the  finest  mahogany.  The  silk-cotton  tree, 
(Bombyx  pentrandum)  is  very  common,  and  of  large  size.  The  cachew  is 
valuable  for  its  gum  and  its  bark  which  equals  that  of  oak.  Indeed  such 
is  the  variety  of  the  vegetable  produce  of  this  island,  that,  as  a  native  bo- 
tanist told  Mr.  Bennett,  **  If  a  botanist  were  to  devote  a  long  life  to  their 
investigation,  he  would  leave  an  ample  field  to  his  successors  ;*'  not  only  are 
there  abundance  of  trees  that  produce  medicinal,  elastic,  and  other  gums, 
which  might  have  been  made  for  the  last  forty-six  years  available  to 
British  commerce,  but  that  many  a  valuable  production  by  which  the  trade 
of  the  country  may  hereafter  be  extended,  and  the  revenue  increased,  now 
lies  hidden  in  the  heart  of  the  jungle,  for  want  of  energetic  examination 
and  developement.  It  cannot  be  denied,  however  discreditable  it  be  to 
the  nation,  that  hitherto  '*  most  of  our  varieties  have  been  found  out  by 
casual  emergency,  and  have  been  the  works  of  time  and  chance  rather 
than  of  philosophy."! 

Of  the  wild  animals  native  to  the  island  the  elephant  is  the  first  in  rank, 
and^  perhaps,  also  the  most  numerous.  That  most  ferocious  of  quadrupeds, 
the  tiger  of  Hindoostan,  is  unknown  ;  but  the  chetah,  or  hunting  leopard, 
is  common,  as  well  as  the  bear,  to  which  may  be  added  the  baboon  and 
sloth.  In  the  woods  are  also  to  be  found  the  deer,  buflalo,  wild  hog, 
jackall,  monkey,  and  smaller  animals.  In  its  wild  state  the  elephant  is  a 
very  vicious  and  dangerous  animal.  It  is  by  no  means  an  uncommon 
thing  for  herds  of  them  to  enter  villages  at  night,  remove  the  thatch  from 
the  houses,  and  walk  off  leisurely  at  daybreak.  Its  apparently  unwieldy 
bulk  is  no  impediment  to  its  activity,  for  its  common  walk  will  keep  a  man 
upon  the  run,  and  when  put  to  its  mettle  few  horses  will  beat  it  in  swift- 
ness. In  1826  several  native  labourers  were  killed  by  elephants  whilst 
harmlessly  going  to  their  daily  work.  This  generally  happened  on  suddenly 
turning  the  corner  of  a  jungle  )  and  two  Singhalese  were  killed  the  same 
morning  just  after  having  left  their  cottages.  Gangs  of  elephant  catchers 
from  Bengal,  under  the  command  of  a  captain  of  the  army,  are  occasionally 
employed  to  procure  elephants  for  the  East  India  Company's  service.  The 
Ceylon  •*  elephant  establishment  "  is  attached  to  the  civil  engineer  and 
surveyor  general's  department.  This  island  has  always  been  famous  for 
its  elephants.  Pliny  says  that  they  are  superior  to  those  of  India.  "  Multo 
majores  erant   quam  quos  feit  India;"  and   Cuvier  has  shewn   such   a 

•  Dr.  Wnllich,  in  a  letter  to  a  friond  of  ours,  says  that  in  the  Burmese  forests  he 
saw  the  oak  and  teak -tree  sliake  hands. 

f  Mr.  Bennett  has  given  a  list  of  no  less  than  ninety  forest  trees  with  native 
nanus,  (v.  p.  ISi-J,;  and  he  fays,  scarcely  one  of  these  has  ever  been  seen  in  the 
London  market. 

I  GlauTille. 


1844.]  Ben  nod's  Cei/lun  and  its  Capabiiiim  123 

di0crei)ce  existing  betweeu  the  elepbatit  of  India  and  Africaj  as  to 
cMiiblish  the  fact  of  a  diflt:rent  specicii  j  yet,  powerful  in  every  way  from 
its  individuiil  streiigtii  ;iTMi  size,  and  from  its  collective  inimbers  asaembled 
in  large  herds,  as  this  anima!  \a,  it  falls  an  easy  prey  to  the  moat  inartl 
ficial  uiethods  of  destroy  in  ^^  it,  Tbc  late  Wifiiani  ijisboriic,  Esq.  of  the 
civil  service,  would  approach  an  elephant  to  leeward  so  close  as  to  toucb 
it,  he  would  then  clap  hh  hands  and  shout,  and  upon  tbc  animal  looking 
round  plant  a  two-ounce  ball  m  the  centre  of  tlie  os  frontiSf  where  the 
bojic  plates  are  exceedingly  thiiii  or  inimed lately  beliiud  the  car,  when,  in 
the  twinkling  of  an  eye,  the  stately  animal  would  lick  tlie  dust*  It  is 
siurprieirig,  when  the  great  risk  is  considered,  and  the  fpiaiituni  of  nerve 
required  to  face  an  ekphatit  within  a  hw  yards,  that  so  few  accidents 
occur  to  EngUslj  sportsmen.  Major  Haddock,  of  the  97th  rei,nment,  was 
the  only  one  killed  during  Mr.  Bennett's  residence  in  the  island,  but 
several  others  had  narrow  escape.*?.  Vet  the  inhiibitiiut^^  of  the  Vcddah 
country  nse  a  still  ruder  and  more  extraordinary  method  of  destruction, 
and  which  is  entirely  new  to  us.  They  lie  on  their  backs,  liolding  their 
bow  between  their  toes,  (which  they  use  with  ihe  same  facility  as  we  do 
our  fingers,)  and  drawing  the  arrow  to  the  iiead,  with  all  the  force  of  both 
hands,  let  fly  ;  and  so  near  do  they  contrive  to  place  themselves  to  the 
elephant  *  uusecn^  that  they  seldom  fail  to  hit  tlic  animal  in  its  most 
ruJnerable  part,  behind  the  ear.     They  wing  these  fatal  arrows  with  the 

Bp  red  feathers  of  the  peacock,* 

The  omittiology  nf  this  island  is  very  rich,  and  Mr.  Bennett  has 
given  a  hst  of  the  indigenous  birds  (p,  262),  wttli  the  native  names  j 
but  he  says  that  tlie  jungles  contain  many  a  novel  and  undcscribed 
species,  a  small  proportion  of  which  only  is  kno*,vn  to  Europeans. 
The  snipe  is  found  among  them,  and  he  had  heard  of  the  woodcock 
having  been  killed  in  the  interior,  but  he  never  met  with  it,  J  he 
migratory  birds  also  that  periodically  visit  the  island  are  very  nu- 
merous. Of  the  fish  of  the  adjoining  coasts  and  seas  in  another  publi- 
cation he  has  given  a  description,  accompanied  with  plates  as  beautiful  as 
they  appear  to  be  correct.  Of  snakes  there  are  no  less  than  thirty  difTerent 
species  in  the  ialand,  of  which  half  at  least  appear  to  be  venoiuous.  In 
purchasing  cobras  di  capcllofrom  the  itinerant  snake  charmers,  Mr*  Bennett 
says  Europeans  cannot  be  too  cautious,  and  nolliing  but  the  fullest  proof 
upon  inspection  ought  to  satisfy  them  that  the  poisonous  fangs  have  been 
extracted.  He  himself  bought  one  under  that  conviction,  and  conse<:|uently 
permitted  it  all  the  familiarity  which  supposed  freedom  from  danger 
authorised,  when  some  montlis  after  *'  he  discovered  to  his  horror  the 
/angs  perfect,  and  the  animal  in  full  possession  of  its  deadly  power."  Eau 
dc  luce  has  been  so  successfully  employed  in  the  cure  of  the  bite  as  to 
place  its  efficacy  beyond  all  doubt.  The  ichueumori  or  mongoose,  is  the 
deadly  foe  of  all  the  venomous  snakes.  Mr.  Bennett  was  witness  to  au  ex- 
hibition where  the  two  animals  were  opposed  to  each  other,  aud  it  is 
curious  that,  though  the  mongoose  killed  its  cuemy,  it  would  not  enter  the 
field  of  combat  tilt  it  had  gone  to  a  hedge  covered  ivtUi  wild  plants,  and 
after  the  battle  it  again  repaired  to  the  hedge,  whither  it  was  followed ; 
bat  the  parties  who  followed  it  found  it  ditlcult  to  name  or  distinguish 
the  plant  that  it  resorted  to. 

•  Mr.  Bennett  proposefi  to  iotrocJuce  tlie  cauiiil  of  Arabia  iato  the  iBlatid  for  the 
UM  of  the  GovcmzDenti  &o  fij  to  leave  the  drAu^ht  bullock  to  be  employed  for 
a^ricidturttl  p\irpofie&. 


II 


A 


124  Bennett's  Ceylon  and  Hi  Q^Mities.  [Feb. 

We  now  pass  on  to  the  important  subject  of  the  pearl  fishery,  the  banks 
OD  which  the  oyster  is  found,  lying,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  map,  off  the 
northern  province  of  the  island. 

The  author  remarks,  speaking  of  the  pearl  fishery,  that  since  the  time  of 
theelder  Pliny  there  has  not  appeared  a  work  professing  to  treat  of  Cey- 
lon in  which  the  pearl  fishery  has  not  been  noticed,  and  yet,  as  connected 
with  the  capabilities  of  the  island,  no  novel  method  has  been  suggested  for 
increasing  the  revenue  derived  from  this  source.  The  present  system  is 
as  follows  : — In  the  November  preceding,  the  Government  institutes  an 
official  inspection  of  the  pearl  banks,  and  on  its  report  the  banks  selected 
for  the  purpose,  which  will  depend  on  the  maturity  of  the  oysters,  and  the 
value  of  the  pearls  obtained  from  the  samples,  are  advertised  to  be  fished. 
The  Government  seldom  fishes  on  its  own  account,  if  an  average  price  be 
obtained  by  individual  speculators,  who  can  give  the  requisite  security,  or 
make  an  adequate  deposit  In  1814  the  boats  employed  in  the  Aumanie 
fishery,  (after  the  rented  fishery  had  ceased)  landed  76,000,000  of  oysters 
during  the  first  twenty  days*  fishing.  About  the  middle  of  January  the 
boats  begin  to  assemble,  between  which  period  and  the  commencement 
the  adventurers  construct  their  various  dwellings  with  areka  or  bamboo  poles^ 
and  the  fronds  of  the  talipat,  palmyra,  and  coco-nut  palms,  paddee  straw, 
and  coloured  cotton  cloths  in  endless  variety,  upon  the  arid  sands  of  Arippo. 
All  persons  frequenting  the  fishery  are  privileged  from  arrest  upon  any 
civil  process  ;  but  the  power  of  the  supreme  court  in  criminal  matters  is 
not  affected,  and  justice  is  summarily  administered  in  disputes  connected 
with  the  fishery.  Arippo  is  situate  at  the  mouth  of  the  Aweria-Aar, 
which  takes  its  rise  beyond  the  ancient  capital  of  Anarajahpoora,  in  the 
central  province,  and  about  two  leagues  off  the  land  a  rocky  bank  or  reef 
lies  to  the  west  and  south-west.  The  island  of  Cardiva,  which  is  very 
low^  narrow,  and  crooked,  covered  with  patches  of  sand  or  jungle,  affords 
ample  protection  to  the  pearl  banks  from  any  injurious  effects  of  the  south- 
west monsoon,  and  they  are  protected  from  the  north-east  by  the  main 
land  of  Cevlon.  Prior  to  commencing  operations  the  shark-charmers  or 
kadeUkutttes  are  in  requisition  to  give  confidence  to  the  divers,  who,  on 
the  assurance  *'  that  the  mouths  of  the  sharks  have  been  closed  at  their 
command,"  divest  themselves  of  all  fear,  llie  shark-charming  trade  is 
very  lucrative,  because,  besides  the  Government  stipend,  they  insist  on  the 
additional  daily  tithe  of  a  dozen  oysters  from  each  boat.  The  Komaa 
Catholic  priests  bestow  a  similar  charm  on  the  divers  of  their  faith.  The 
boats  are  of  the  old  Portuguese  make,  from  twelve  to  fifteen  tons  burthen, 
and  carry  a  crew  of  twelve  or  fourteen  hands,  and  from  eight  to  ten  divers. 
A  stone  of  about  forty  or  fifty  pounds  is  slung  to  a  double  rope,  which  is 
passed  over  a  boom  projecting  from  the  boat's  side.  The  charmed  diver 
then  places  the  great  toe  of  his  right  foot  into  the  space  between  the  double 
rope,  and  with  his  left  he  keeps  a  net  capable  of  holding  some  dozen  of 
oysters,  close  to  the  stone.  The  rope  having  been  adjusted  for  lowerins, 
the  diver,  pressing  his  nostrils  with  his  left  hand,  and  holding  on  by  his 
right,  descends  as  rapidly  as  the  weight  will  allow  of.  On  reaching  the 
bottom  he  suddenly  jerks  the  rope,  on^  which  the  stone  is  hauled  up,  and 
on  a  similar  signal  he  intimates  that  he  has  filled  the  net,  (which  may 
occupy  a  minute  or  a  minute  and  a  half,)  and  then  holding  on  by  the  net 
or  rope,  he  is  drawn  up  within  a  fathom  of  the  surface,  when  he  relinquishes 
his  hold,  and,  haviuff  reached  the  boat  and  taken  breath,  he  is  soon  ready 
to  descend  again,    buch  is  the  process  of  diving  on  the  oid  system.    The 


Bennett*e  Cejflon  and  Us  Capabiliim* 

djTiDg-beU  was  introduced  for  use  by  Sir  Edward  Baroea  ^  but  it  lias  been 
I        objef^ed  to,  that,  though  it  may  answer  well  at  first,  it  will  ultimately  be 
thepieans  of  destroying  the  oysters,  for  it  roust  crash  u  grmt  many,  which 

I  will  putrify,  and  so  extremely  delicate  is  the  nature  of  the  oyster  that  it 
irill  spread  like  a  plague,  gradually  extend  its  vortex,  and  destroy  al!  within 
^t.  The  oysters  lie  in  layers  from  four  to  five  feet  deep,  and  when  about 
five  or  six  years  old  they  disengage  themselves  from  the  madrepore  to 
irhich  they  had  attaehcd  themselves,  and  raroblc  about  the  sandy  bottom. 
Each  diver  sends  up  about  3,U00  oysters  daily,  and  25,000  have  been  taken 
by  one  boat  in  a  single  day.  In  1836  the  revenue  derived  was  25,^16/*  from 
the  pearl  fishery.  It  is  not  uncommon  for  fifty,  or  sixty,  or  even  eighty 
pearls  to  be  found  in  one  oyster.  The  natives  consider  it  a  disease,  or 
the  effects  of  disease»  to  which  the  animal  is  liable.  If  a  pearl  be  cut 
transversely  it  will  be  found  to  consist  of  minute  layers,  resembling  rings 
which  denote  the  age  of  trees  when  similarly  cut.  Tlie  largest  pearls  are 
found  in  the  thickest  part  of  the  flesh,  but  it  does  not  follow  that  the 
laigeiit  oysters  produce  the  finest  pearls.  No  means  of  successfully  trans- 
ferriDg  the  pearl  oyster  for  the  purpose  of  increasing  its  hahUat  has  yet 
been  discovered.  Tlie  common  metliod  of  clearing  the  {>earls  from 
the  fleah  is  by  their  putrefaction.  The  pearl  oyster  a  spawn  may  be  seen 
floAtlog  in  coagulated  masses  on  the  western  coast  of  Ceylou  during  the 
Dorih-east  monsoon  j  for  the  first  year  tlic  oyster  seldom  exceeds  a  shilling 
in  size,  and  is  not  at  maturity  for  seven  years.  When  it  is  half  grown 
seed-pearls  only  arc  found  in  the  flesh,  but  after  that  period  they  increase 
in  size  till  the  maturity  of  the  oyster,  when  tht  disease  which  produces 
them  destroys  its  victim.  The  jiearl  is  not  valued  at  Ceylon  for  its  silvery 
whiteness,  but  for  its  golden  hue 

Having  devoted  more  space  than  wc  could  conveniently  spare  to 
the  consideration  of  the  natural  productions  of  the  island^  but  which 
attracted  our  attention  by  their  variety  as  well  as  value,  we  must  now 
briefly  turn  to  those  other  subjects  of  interest  of  a  diflTcrent  kind  which  we 
find  mentioned  in  the  volume  i  and  first,  we  may  lay  before  the  reader  the 
judicioQd  advice  which  Mr.  Bennett  gives  to  those  who  may  be  drawn  by 
his  deficriptions  of  the  fruit  and  plants  of  the  soil,  and  the  kindliness  of  the 
climate,  to  think  of  settling  there. 


"  Land  is  aot  in  the  same  iaaecure  nad 
[noiettied  state  in  Ceylon  that  it  is  in 
India,  notirithflt&ndiDg  the  proiimLty  of 
the  two  couD tries  \  &nd,  moreoTcr^  Cejton 
I  oflieri  that  which  India  doe»  not,  a  fair 
\  field  for  the  adventure  of  capital  accom- 
pttjued  by  jjMsrmanent  settlementr  and 
particularly  in  the  interior,  without  risking 
any  disastrous  effects  of  climate  upon 
L£iiropcaD  constitutioDj.  If  Ceylon  were 
Dettcr  or  sufl&ciently  known  to  the  gene- 
dlty  of  persons  intent  upon  emigration 
to  new  and  almost  unknown  lands,  for  its 
mat  and  indigenous  resources ,  to  he 
folly  and  fairly  appreciated,  speculation 
iiroiild  not  long  remain  idle;  but  the 
meOBragODent  of  hope,  or  of  even  the 
■lil^tctt  prospect  of  succeas,  to  any  other 
^n  fotttuon  qf  moderate  capitai,  would 
be  both  criminal  and  delusive »  To  officers 
dbpoaed  to  beoome  settlers  the  Gorerii- 
rnent  has  a  Turii^ty  of  m&Mui  at  iti  com< 


m and  to  augment  the  adirantages  held  out 
by  the  colonial  minister's  memorandum  of 
Aug.  15p  I834t  and  now  extended  to  Cey- 
lon 1  amongst  the  rest,  by  advances  of 
money  out  of  the  annual  excess  of  the 
Jocal  reTBuue  oTer  the  expenditure,  upon 
the  security  of  the  produoei  to  enable 
them  to  form  plantations  of  the  valuable 
productiouR  mentioned  above.  If  her 
Majesty's  Secretary  of  State  would  follow 
the  example  set  by  the  East  India  Com* 
pany  in  17^9,  or  adopt  the  plans  now 
acted  upon  for  the  promotion  of  the  culture) 
of  cotton  in  India  by  the  same  bonourable 
body,  many  enterprising  and  intelligent 
^officers  and  private  individuals  would 
eagerly  grasp  at  the  opportunity  of  further 
develop! ag  the  resources  of  Ceylon,  ond 
of  increasing  its  revenue,  and,  at  the  ssmo 
time,  their  own  means  of  providing  for 
their  famihes  and  denendunts,.  But  wiUu 
QUt  mo^hruU  c^f0{  It  would  tuklend  an 


126 


Bennett's  Ceylon  and  its  Capabilities. 


[Feb. 


officer  to  recommend  him  to  avail  himielf 
of  what  are  termed  the  advantages  of  emi- 
grating to  Ceylon,  upon  the  same  terms 
provided  for  settling  in  the  Australian 
colonies,  South  Australia  excepted.  It  is 
evident  from  the  perusal  of  those  docu- 
ments to  which  1  have  given  a  place  in  the 
appendix  for  general  information,  that  the 
Government  has  allowed  one  grand  point 
to  escape  its  observation.  An  officer 
accustomed  to  society  and  the  comforts 
and,  I  may  add,  the  elegancies  of  life, 
resigns  them  the  moment  he  becomes  a 
settler  in  a  country  like  Australia.  There 
all  settlers  are  bent  on  the  same  objects, 
a  location,   fencing,   planting,   &c.  and. 


however  happy  they  may  be  to  greet 
each  other  over  the  tame  prog^  they  have 
no  one  better  off  than  themselves  that  may 
place  them  in  invidious  comparison  in  the 
same  neighbourhood  or  country.  But  it 
is  different,  widely  different,  in  Ceylon, 
and  wretched  will  be  the  settler  who  may 
have  inconsiderately  proceeded  to  that 
island  upon  any  such  most  discouraging 
terms.  The  best  inducement  to  officers 
to  become  settlers  in  Ceylon  would  be  to 
grant  them  as  much  land,  at  a  nominal 
quit-rent  of  a  peppercorn,  as  they  may 
undertake  to  bring  into  cultivation,  and 
advance  them  money  upon  the  terms  I 
have  already  suggested." 


We  wish  our  author  had  been  more  circumstantial  in  his  account  of  the 
tenets  as  well  as  customs  of  what  he  calls  the  Devil- Worshippers,  in  order 
that  it  might  be  seen  whether  any  analogy  could  be  traced  between  their 
rites  and  those  of  some  of  the  eastern  tribes  bordering  on  the  Persian 
frontier,  who  profess  the  same  accursed  idolatry.     He  says  (p.  61) — 


"  It  is  a  subject  of  general  regret  to  the 
missions,  that,  although  in  the  immediate 
neighbourhood  of  a  nominally  Christian 
population,  scarcely  one  native  family  out 
of  a  hundred,  unless  immediately  con- 
nected with  them,  abstains  on  religious 
principles  from  the  ceremonies  and  prac- 
tice of  Devil-Worship,  When  their 
vmards,  astrologers,  and  conjurors  are 
converted,  they  will  quit  the  devil  prac- 
tices by  which  the  native  minds  are  so 
extraordinarily  worked  upon  as  to  render 
them  pliant  and  subservient  victims  to 
the  grossest  impositions  that  ever  fettered 
the  spirit  of  man.  This  may  be  calculated 
on  as  a  certain  effect  of  tlie  light  of  Chris- 
tianity upon  the  minds  of  the  soi-disant 
magi,  who  now  hold  bodies  and  souls  in 
perpetual  thraldom.  But  until  this  grand 
evil  be  removed,  and  by  the  assistance  of 
the  magistracy,  wherever  it  may  be  need- 
ful, in  severely  punishing  all  such  im- 
postors, the  fears  of  the  ignorant  natives 
will  not  be  overcome  by  merely  professing 
themselves  converts  to  Christianity.  The 
conversion  of  one  greatly. dreaded  astro- 
loger and  devil  worshipper  will  do  much 
to  reconcile  the  natives  to  the  power  of 

But 

**  One  of  the  most  unlooked-for  and 
extraordinary  instances  of  conversion  to 
Christianity  was  that  of  a  Maha  Nayaka 
Oonansd,  or  High  Priest  of  Buddha,  the 
peculiar  circumstances  of  wliich  have* 
established  claims  to  attention  as  matter 
of  history,  and  will  be  considered  interest- 


Christianity  over  the  wiles  of  the  evil  one, 
and  tend  to  reduce  their  fears  of  the  tnaha 
yakOf  or  great  demon,  more  than  can  be 
hoped  for  by  other  means.  The  caste  of 
Seppidiwigie  Karayo  or  sorcerers  is  one 
of  the  greatest  stumbling-blocks  to  Chris- 
tianity that  now  presents  itself,  and  on 
its  gradual  conversion  very  much  depends  ; 
for  the  superstitious  natives  will  never 
altogether  abandon  devil  worship  so  long 
as  its  priests  have  such  power  over  their 
minds  as  to  inspire  these  deluded  creatures 
with  the  dreadful  conviction  that  both 
their  own  bodies  and  the  lives  of  their 
cattle  are  at  their  (the  sorcerers')  com- 
mand.* .  .  .  Our  missionaries,'*  our  author 
adds,  "  may  make  proselytes  of  Singhalese 
and  Malabars,  but  they  appear  to  have 
little  or  no  chance  with  any  of  the  many 
thousands  of  the  followers  of  Ali  and 
Mahomet,  of  whom  1  have  not  yet  heard 
that  they  have  converted  even  a  solitary 
individual ;  but  Ceylon  has  witnessed  the 
conversion  of  an  apostate  Englithman  to 
Mohammedanism.  The  first  and  most 
ready  Singhalese  converts  have  been  those 
who  anticipated  employment  in  the  mis- 
sionary establishments." 


ing  by  all  who  have  sincerely  at  heart  the 
propagation  of  the  gospel  of  Christ.  In 
the  year  1808  Nadoris  de  Zilva,  the  bead 
priest  of  a  temple  in  this  district,  left 
Ceylon  with  eighteen  pupils  under  hii 
charge,  to  perfect  himself  in  the  mysteriei 
of  bis  religion  at  the  grand  depot  of  pagan 


*  See  some  ceremonies  used  by  those  tribes  who  are  devil  worshippers  at  harvettt 
and  their  offerings,  at  p.  267. 


1844.] 


Bennett's  CeyJon  and  itt  CapaUUltes. 


127 


b  Buperstilion  and  error,  Amerapoorai  or 
[  U»e  Ett^rnal  City,  the  capital  of  tlie  Bur- 

nese  empire.  Going  by  way  of  Madrw, 
resitted  there  severiLl  months,  and  tie- 
rioted  luioBeirto  the  etudy  of  the  SnascriC 

lADgitage;  from  thence  he  proceeded  to 

the  ciipital  of  Avo,  where  he  i>erfccted 
,  Limxelf  in  all  the  dogmas  of  Buddhism, 
,  ftnd  ftt  length,  among  other  marks  of  royal 

farour,  his  '  Goklen*fonted  ]VIojeftty  "  con- 

fcnx*d  on  him  the  high-piieatly  title  of 
.Malta  Navaka  Oon^nst-.'  Having  re- 
turned to  Ceylon,  this    higltly   digrurted 

priest  re&ided   some  time   at  hie  former 

temple  in  this  district,  occasionally  visit. 

ing  other  Vihares  and   Bana  MaJuwas,  or 

places  for  reading  the  history  of  Duddha's 
^Incaroations.  His  fame  for  mordity  and 
'  profound  knowledge  of  the  Buddhist 
I  myateriei  and  mythology  made  the  *  Maha 

Kayaka  Oonans^> '  the  more  conndcuous, 

when,  about  the  time  of  the  Urst  trans- 
lated portiQTi  of  the  New  Testament  into 

the  Singhalese  language  being  circulated, 

be  displayed  a  most  anxious  |and  restless 

curiosity  to  become  acquainted  with  the 

religious  tenets  of  the  Europcaa  Chris- 

tinns    as    contradistinguished    from    the 

Portuguese  Christians  of  Goil,  upon  the 

coait  of  Malabar,  or»  in  other  words,  of 

the  Roman  Catholic  mbsiou  of  the  Ora- 

iorio  of  San  Felippe  de  Neri.  Having 
'  suci^eeded   in  attaining  his   first    object, 

namely,  a  Singhalese  copy  of  the  New 

Testament,  he  devoted  himself  careftiUy 

and  exclusively  to  its  study.     The  vast 

difference  between  the  plain  and  simple 

doctrines  of  Christianity  nnd  the  con- 
llbuBding    medley   of    the   mythology   of 

Buddha,  became  so  apparent,  that  his  dc- 
^«ire  wu  augmented  in  proportion  as  con- 

▼ictioa  arose ;    and    he    has    repeatedly 

asiiured  me,  that  he  thought  *  every  hour 

a  day*  after  he  had  determined  to  seek 

additional  information,  before  he  acc&m- 

phshrd  his  wishes  by  an  iiittjmew  with 

tlie  Wesleyan  Missionaries,  from  whom, 

aa  well  as  from  the  late  Archdeacon,  the 

Honourable  and  Veaerable  Dr.  Twisletou, 

The  ecclesiastical  establbbmcnt  at  Ceylon  includes  the  clergj'  of  the  Es* 
tablialied  Church  and  tiie  consistory  of  the  Reformed  Church  of  Holland. 
This  last  consists  of  four  elders  and  six  deacons.  Of  the  Christian  miasions, 
that  of  the  Roman  Catholic  mission  of  the  Oratorio  of  San  Felippe  de 
Ncri  of  Goa  is  the  most  ancient.  The  Portuguese  take  credit  for  being 
the  6rst  to  introduce  Ctnistinnity  into  Ceylou  ;  but  Mr.  Bennett  says  that 
they  were  preceded  by  the  Russian  Missionaries  of  the  Xestoiian  Churches, 
and  that  the  functions  of  religion  vvckc  performed  by  [jrlests  ordained  by 
the  Archbishop  of  Silencia;  but  of  9uch  churches  no  record  is  now  extant 
ill  the  island.  The  chief  residence  of  this  mission  is  at  Santa  Imcia 
near  Colombo  \  but  the  immense  tract  of  country  from  Targallc  ro  Ba- 
thioloa^  where  devil  worship  reigns  paramount,  is  deititute  of  the  means 
of  acquiring  the  gospel.     The  mission  estimates  its  converts  a^  150^000, 


who  was  their  zealouf  supporter  and  firm 
friend,  the  anxioua  candidate  for  con- 
version received  the  most  cordial  assist- 
ance, and  every  requisite  infarmatiaD  in 
regard  to  the  essentials  of  Diviue  rcveU- 
tion.  The  result,  which,  upon  becoming 
public,  spread  like  wildfire  from  temple 
to  temple  and  from  hut  to  hut,  was  ttiat 
the  Maha  Nayaka  Oonans^,  with  one  of 
bis  pupils,  after  a  IcnijL^  and  deliberate 
comparison  of  the  Christian  with  the 
Buddhist  doctrine,  abondoned  at  once 
their  saffron -coloured  robes  of  priesthood 
and  the  delusive  dogmas  of  paganism ,  and 
ardently  embraced  Christianity,  This 
high  convert  was  received  into  our  Church 
by  the  baptismal  ceremony  and  named 
George,  after  liis  godfather  the  ReT# 
George  Bisaett,  the  Governor's  brother- 
in-law  and  private  secretary.  The  other 
godfather  was  the  Ecv.  William  Harvard, 
Wesleyan  Missioiinry-  In  this  case  it  wa« 
no  ignorant  man  of  humble  degree  who 
had  been  inveigled  into  apostacy  from  the 
faith  of  his  fathers ;  no  boy  who  bad  been 
entrapped  into  Christian  baptism  before 
his  reasoning  faculties  had  attained  their 
meridian ;  no  poor  native  who  had  no- 
minally become  a  Christian  for  the  sake 
of  a  situation  in  a  missionary  establish- 
ment ;  but  a  high  priest  of  Buddha,  upon 
whom  the  checriog  ray  of  Almighty  favour 
had  so  pre-eminently  displayed  itself  j  a 
man  of  science  aad  education,  an  adept  in 
all  the  dogmcts  of  the  Buddhist  mythology, 
and  reverenced  almost  to  adoration  by  his 
brethren;  with  whom,  notwiths  tan  ding 
his  conversion,  their  former  high  priest's 
reputation  lost  nothing  in  point  of  respect, 
and  other  converts  amongst  the  priest- 
hood soon  followed  the  eiample  of  the 
Maha  Nayaka  Oonani^.  The  then  Go- 
vernor Sir  Robert  Brownrigg  conferred 
the  title  and  sword  of  a  Moodliar  upon 
the  eminent  convert,  who  subsequently 
perfected  himself  in  English,  and  showed 
himself  indefatigable  in  assisting  to  trans- 
late the  Old  Testament  into  Singhalese.'* 


128  Bennett's  CtyUm  and  its  Capabilitiet.  [Feb. 

for  which  number  there  are  only  seventeen  missionaries.  But  the  Roman 
Catholic  churches  in  Ceylon  are  very  poor  and  mean  compared  to  the 
splendid  cathedrals  in  other  coantries  dedicated  to  the  same  worship.  The 
reverend  fathers  of  this  mission  are  subjects  of  the  Queen  ;  they  super- 
intend 118  schools^  and  are  humane,  pious^  charitable  to  the  poor,  and 
hospitable  to  the  stranger-  The  first  British  mission  was  that  of  the 
Baptists  in  1 8 1 2.  There  are  but  two  missionaries^  with  five  native  teachers . 
The  Wesleyan  mission  was  established  in  1814.  These  missionaries 
minister  in  the  Hindoo^  Portuguese,  Singhalese,  and  English  languages. 
This  is  limited  to  eight  missionaries,  and  fourteen  assistants,  who  have  the 
management  of  the  education  of  nearly  six  thousand  scholars.  Mr.  Ben- 
nett says,  ^'  Never  did  the  ministers  of  the  Established  Church  do  them- 
selves greater  honour  than  by  the  manner  in  which  they  collectively  and 
individually  extended  the  right  hand  of  Christian  fellowship  to  the  Wes- 
leyan missionaries  on  the  first  establishment  of  their  mission  in  1815. 
This  laid  the  foundation  of  that  long-continued  and  existing  cordiality, 
which  the  Government  appeared  desirous  of  encouraging ;  for,  when  the 
Wesleyan  chapel  was  first  opened  at  Colombo,  the  Governor  Sir  R.  Brown- 
rigg  with  his  family,  the  clergy  of  the  Established  Church,  and  the  majority 
of  the  civil  and  military  officers,  were  present.*'  The  American  mission 
was  first  established  in  1816  in  the  northern  parts  of  the  island,  and  Mr. 
Bennett  s])eaks  highly  of  it.  This  mission  occupies  seven  stations  in  the 
northern  province,  to  which  its  attention  was  exclusively  directed.  Although 
last  in  the  field,  the  Church  Mission  was  established  in  1818,  and  has  du- 
tinguished  itself  for  its  zeal  in  promoting  native  education.  Occupying 
four  stations,  and  having  but  nine  missionaries  in  holy  orders,  they  are 
assisted  by  about  a  hundred  native  teachers.  In  their  schools  are  about 
2000  boys  and  400  girls ;  the  tracts  they  have  distributed  amount  to 
420,000.  The  whole  of  the  Scriptures  and  the  Common  Prayer-book 
have  been  translated  into  Singhalese,  besides  religious  tracts  and  ele- 
mentary school-books. 

That  Asiatic  slavery  should  still  exist  at  Ceylon,  while  the  African 
negro  is  altogether  free  to  work  or  to  be  idle,  as  may  suit  his  inclination, 
certainly  appears  a  very  anomalous  kind  of  legislation,  and  hardly  con- 
sistent with  one  sound  and  substantial  principle  of  humanity.  But  cer- 
tainly it  appears  that  in  the  census  of  the  population  of  the  island,  taken 
in  1835,  the  number  of  slaves  was  27,397,  including  14,108  males  and 
13,289  females.  To  the  eternal  honour  of  the  humane  Dutch  and  notice 
proprietors  in  the  Singhalese  districts,  Ceylon  was  the  first  and  only  colony 
under  the  British  flag  to  make  a  voluntary  concession  of  prospective  slave- 
property  to  the  principle  upon  which  the  imperial  legislature  subsequently 
acted.  The  Chief  Justice  (Sir  Alexander  Johnston)  had  only  to  suggest  a 
plan  to  the  slave- proprietors  to  have  it  adopted.  The  course  which  this 
benevolent  and  enlightened  person  espoused  found  a  strenuous  supporter 
in  General  Sir  Robert  Brownrigg,  and  the  principal  proprietors  of  domestic 
slaves  among  the  Dutcli  inhabitants  and  native  castes  of  Colombo  addressed 
a  petition  to  the  Prince  Regent  declaratory  of  their  determination  to 
emancipate  all  children  born  of  their  slaves  on  or  after  his  Royal  High- 
nesses birth-day,  the  12th  August,  1806.  The  author  observes  that  the 
reception  of  tliis  petition  was  as  gracious  as  the  most  sanguine  philan- 
thropist could  have  anticipated,  and,  its  provisions  having  been  confirmed 
by  his  Royal  Highness,  took  effect  agreeably  to  the  intentions  of  the  pe- 
titioners. At  that  period  the  domestic  slaves  were  generally  much  happier 
2 


18440 


Bennett's  Ceylon  and  iis  CapahiUtief, 


139 


than  tliC  hired  servants  or  free  labourers,  whose  daily  wages  never  exceeded 
sixpence  t&r  twelve  hours'  labour ;  but  upon  what  moral  principle  the  claims 
of  the  African  slaves  should  have  been  considered  so  very  paramount  to 
those  of  the  owners  of  Malabar  slaves  in  Ceylon  that  not  one  shilling  of  the 
20|000,000/.  could  find  its  way  nearer  to  that  island  than  the  Mauritius^ 
no  one  has  hitherto  attempted  to  explain.  Humanity  wilt  admit,  that  if 
the  example  set  by  the  proprietors  of  domestic  slaves  in  Ceylon  did  not 
give  them  a  priority  of  claim  in  point  of  justice  over  those  of  the  African 
slaves,  their  voluntary  relintjuishment  of  the  rights  of  ownership  over  the 
issue  of  their  slaves,  from  the  12th  of  August  1816,  had  at  least  entitled 
thetn  to  an  equitable  compensation  out  of  the  twenty  millions  of  the  public 
money  voted  by  Pariiament  for  the  enfranchisement  of  the  colonial 
slaves  : — but  these  philanthropic  individuals,  instead  of  sharing  in  the 
public  grant,  are  now  doubly  burdened  through  their  own  humanity  j  for, 
by  slaver)'^  continuing  until  death  shall  have  carried  off  the  present  number 
of  domestic  slaves,  they  are  bound  to  support  the  old  and  feeble,  and 
consequently  useless  individuaJs,  without  receiving  any  allowance  whatever 
for  their  maintenance  ;  little  chance  of  obtVining  rehef  by  selling  their 
rights  as  owners,  because  few  will  purchase  under  these  circumstances  ; 
and  no  succession  of  service  to  anticipate  from  the  offspring  of  the  slaves 
whom  they  are  bound  to  maintain. 


**  Ceylon,'*  the  autlior  justly  observes^ 
"  had  no  agent  iq  Parliametit  to  advocate 
either  the  claim t  of  lt»  aluve- proprietors 
or  of  the  sbves  themselves,  or  mirely 
the  noble  couduct  of  the  Dtttoh  inhabit- 
ants* burgbem,  and  native  cmatea  of 
Ceylon,  who  bad  set  such  an  example  of 
humaDity,  and  indeed  of  deference  to  the 
call  of  the  nation,  would  not  only  not 
have  been    overlooked,   but    have  been 


deemed  entitled  to  a  four  and  adequate 
eompensatioD^  and  the  Asiatic  alAvei  of 
Ceylon  to  an  ec|ual  right  of  cm&ncipation 
with  thetr  Afirican  contemporaries  of  the 
West  Indies  and  Mauritiiis,  For  the 
sake  of  justice  to  the  one,  and  of  humanity 
to  the  other,  I  hope  it  is  not  even  yet  too 
late  for  their  relative  claims  to  be  con- 
sidered and  admitted  by  the  British  Le^s* 
latnre/'* 


It  was  in  1814  that  the  great  central  province  of  Kandy,  the  residence 
of  the  native  kings,  was  iinnexed  to  the  British  territories*  General  Brown« 
rigg  was  then  governor  of  the  island,  and  commander-in-chief  of  the 
British  settlements.  Tlie  origin  of  the  war  was  owing  to  the  molestation 
of  the  Singhalese,  who  had  entered  the  Kandyan  provinces  for  the  purposes 
of  trade.  The  Kandyan  dcsjwt  (Sree  Wickreni^*  Rajah  Siogha)  refused 
all  satisfaction  or  explanation,  and  war  was  therefore  determined  on  ; 
and  the  defection  of  the  First  Adikar  gave  impulse  to  the  rebellion^  and 
cnaured  the  assistance  of  the  disaffected^  in  supplying  the  British  array 
during  their  march  upon  the  capital*  This  Rajah  seems  to  have  been  a 
monster  of  cruelty.  He  sentenced  the  Adikar*u  wifdand  children,  and  brother, 
and  his  family,  to  the  moat  ignoaiiuious  deaths.  The  children  were  ordered 
to  be  beheaded  before  their  mother's  face,  and  Ihetr  heads  to  he  pounded  in 
a  rke-mortar  by  her  Mnds!  which,  to  save  herself  from  the  most  dmboUcal 
torture  and  ignominious  exposure,  she  submitted  to  attempt*    The  last  of 


*  It  appears  that  the  Government  baa  enfranchi&eil  about  3.\0O  female  children  of 
slaves  during  the  la^t  tirenty-one  jean,  and  the  itumbcr  of  adult  slaTea  who  have 
purchased  their  own  mannnaisgion  may  be  numbered  at  a  thousand,  A  very  atrict 
re^stratioa  of  ilaves  is  now  kept^  and  extended  throughout  the  island »  of  which  Ihe 
regulations  may  he  seen  in  Mr.  Beauett'a  Tolum^i  p.  :i2— 24* 

Gent,  Mag*  Vol.  XXi,  S 


130  Bennett's  Ceylon  and  iti  Capahilitiet.  \Teh. 

the  children  was  an  infant  at  the  breast,  from  which  it  was  brutally  torn 
away,  the  mother  s  milk  flowing  from  its  mouth,  to  be  sacrificed  to  the 
tyrant's  rage,  llie  Adikar's  brother  was  also  beheaded,  and  the  sisters- 
in-law  bound  together  and  thrown  into  a  tank.-— All  Kandy,  except  near  the 
palace,  was  for  many  days  a  scene  of  mourning  and  fasting ;  but  the 
people  were  ripe  for  revolt,  which  on  the  appearance  of  our  army  eflfectn- 
ally  broke  out.  The  brave  and  veteran  governor,  instead  of  delegating 
his  military  command,  took  the  field,  determined  to  share  every  privation 
and  danger,  and  to  seek  '*  the  tiger  in  his  lair."  The  whole  march  was  a 
bloodless  one.  The  city  of  Kandy  was  taken  possession  of  in  Feb.  1815. 
In  about  four  days  after,  the  King  was  captured  by  a  party  of  his  own 
subjects,  but,  Mr.  Bennett  says,  "  instead  of  being  hanged  on  the  nearest 
tree,  this  monster  of  depravity  was  treated  as  a  sovereign  prince,  and  with 
his  numerous  wives,  conducted  to  Colombo,  (his  dagger  still  incmsted  with 
the  blood  of  one  wife  whom  he  had  murdered  ! )  and,  having  there  re- 
ceived every  attention,  he  was  conveyed  aboard  the  Comwallis  to  Vellore, 
where  he  subsequently  died."  Mr.  Bennett  adds,  "  that  nothing  great, 
except  in  point  of  neglect,  had  been  done  for  Ceylon  by  the  home  au- 
thorities from  the  time  of  this  conquest  of  Kandy  in  1815,  to  the  Right 
Honourable  8ir  George  Murray's  accession  to  the  Colonial  Seals  in  1828  -, 
from  which  period  whatever  good  has  since  been  extended  to  Ceylon, 
whether  in  respect  of  local  improvements,  increase  of  revenue,  or  rise  in 
the  estimation  of  the  mercantile  world,  may  justly  be  said  to  date.  To 
these  national  benefits  Sir  J.  Murray's  successor,  Lord  Goderich,  added 
other  public  advantages  and  improvements,  which  have  rendered  the  island 
of  Ceylon  the  choicest  colonial  jewel  in  the  imperial  diadem.**  But  as 
people  who  have  with  difficulty  obtained  jewels,  should  have  discretion 
enough  to  preserve  them,  the  advice  of  the  author  should  not  be  thrown 
away,  when  he  remarks,  *'  that  on  the  supposition  of  the  possibility  of  an 
enemy  having  a  temporary  command  of  the  Indian  seas,  on  a  sudden  break- 
ing out  of  a  war,  he  might  land,  and  with  a  very  inconsiderable  force  he 
might  march  to  Colombo,  taking  even  Point  dc  (falle,  before  a  redoubt  of 
any  consequence  could  be  erected  at  the  latter  place.  There  would  be  no 
dependence  on  the  Singhalese  in  the  event  of  an  attack  by  an  European 
power,  for  they  are  an  eficminate  and  cowardly  race  -,  but  the  Kandyans, 
Mr.  Bennett  well  describes,  are  a  distinct  species  of  the  genus  Felts ; 
over  whom  prudence  and  past  experience  suggest,  that  a  wary  eye  should  be 
kept.  **  VV^ealthy  and  public-spirited  individuals,"  he  says,  "  who  would 
spare  neither  personal  exertions  nor  private  expense,  are  the  persons  most 
wanted  in  this  island ;  and,  if  the  capabilities  of  Ceylon  were  fully  de- 
veloped, there  would  not  be  a  square  mile  of  land  throughout  the  island, 
except  the  portion  of  its  surface  devoted  to  purposes  of  grazing,  that 
might  not  teem  with  produce  in  the  course  of  the  next  ten  years  ;  for  the 
most  valuable  intertropical  productions  of  one  kind  or  other  will  grow 
everywhere  throughout  the  maritime  provinces,  and  wheat  and  other 
European  productions  in  the  central  provinces,  so  that  from  east  to 
west  and  from  north  to  south,  if  mere  justice  be  done  to  the  colony  by 
giving  proper  encouragement  to  agriculture,  the  greatest  abundance  would 
be  the  certain  result  of  the  outlay  of  capital."  With  fair  encouragement 
to  native  agriculture,  and  proper  management  of  the  native  resources  of 
Ceylon,  the  island  might  be  made  to  yield  an  incalculable  excess  of 
colonial  produce  over  its  consumption,  and  consequently  of  revenue  over 


1844.]  Bennett's  Ceylon  and  its  Capabilities.  131 

its  expenditure  ;  but  the  value  of  this  splendid  colony  will  scarcely  ever 
be  fully  known,  if  the  time  for  appreciating  it  by  experiments  be  further 
indefinitely  deferred,  as  it  has  been  with  bnt  limited  exceptions  on  the  part 
of  individuals  of  small  and  inadequate  capital,  for  the  last  forty-six  years. 
Although  the  trade  of  Ceylon  has  quadrupled  since  the  amalgamation  of 
the  Kandyan  kingdom  with  our  former  dominions,  it  may  with  propriety 
be  said  to  be  only  now  in  its  infancy ;  and  therefore  improved*  measures 
are  indispensable  to  insure  relief  to  the  native  agricultur§dists,  and 
stimulate  them  to  abandon  their  present  habits  of  indoleno^by  a  more 
certain  prospect  of  remunerating  prices  for  the  produce.  The  l^inghalese  are 
partial  to  the  manufactures  of  Birmingham,  Manchester,  <cnld  Sheffield, 
except  certain  agricultural  implements  which  they  consider  infelibr  to  those 
of  Holland.  The  higher  ranks  indulge  in  the  best  wines^ji^icularly 
Madeira  and  Champagne,  and  no  people  set  a  higher  valie!<^n  British 
medicines,  stationery,  and  perfumery,  or  relish  with  a  keen^%^t  English 
hams,  cheeses,  porter,  ale,  &c.  all  which  they  prefer  to  sbxabi:  imports 
from  France  and  America.  But,  to  bring  these  articles  into  more  general 
demand,  the  Singhalese  must  first  be  taught  to  appreciate  «(he  value  of 
industry,  which  can  only  result  from  British  example.  Thw,»and  a  con- 
siderable reduction  in  the  taxes  and  the  customs  duties,  }f|ir-conjointly 
operate  to  increase  the  demand  for  British  productions,  and  •  c<yisequently 
add  to  the  revenue  of  the  Crown.  *••••* 

As  a  specimen  of  what  was  effected  by  the  author  duringwtbe  time  he 
had  the  charge  of  the  district  of  Mahagamm^,  and  of  his  scg^JP^s  thereby 
to  the  interest  of  the  entire  island  and  of  the  colonial  Ga&tgment,  the 
following  notices  may  be  suflScient.  He  abolished  the  po wee. of  flogging 
convicts.  He  made  tanks  for  the  supply  of  water  ;  and  a  .6e&utiful  road 
from  the  cutchery  to  the  town,  planted  with  rows- of  the  Ficus.Baengalensis 
and  Hibiscus  populneus.  He  ascertained  that  the  opiumtpoppy  would 
attain  the  greatest  perfection  in  Ceylon,  and  distributetl  'seeds  from 
Malwah  to  different  stations  best  adapted  to  its  culture.  He  endeavoured^ 
by  rewards  and  by  his  own  example,  to  induce  the  inhabitants  to  habits 
of  industry  and  cultivation.  He  planted  the  first  coffee-garden  ever  known 
in  the  Mahagampattoo.  He  introduced  the  Manioc  or  Cassada  root — 
a  certain  supply  of  a  wholesome  food  among  the  natives,  who  previously 
had  died  in  numbers  from  starvation.  He  introduced  the  Guinea-grass 
from  Galle,  vines  from  Teneriffe — also  the  Teneriffe  mulberry,  preparatory 
to  the  introduction  of  the  silk-worm  -,  the  Portugal  fig  and  Bengal  nut- 
meg, and  almost  every  sort  of  vegetable  for  the  table  ;  and  all  this  in  the 
neglected  and  half-depopulated  district  of  Mahagampattoo  ;  and  lastly,  as 
this  district,  on  account  of  the  unhealthiness  of  the  climate^  had  been 
neglected  alike  by  the  Protestant  and  Roman  Catholic  churches,  and  as  it 
was  altogether  destitute  of  a  single  place  of  Christian  worship,  and  con- 
tiguous to  the  very  meridian  of  paganism,  the  author  offered  his  house  in 
the  most  healthy  part  of  the  district  for  a  missionary  residence,  and 
proposed  also  to  build  a  temporary  chapel  free  of  expense  to  the  mission.* 


*  Of  the  Wealeyan  missionaries  in  Ceylon,  the  author  thus  justly  and  honourably 
speaks.  *'  Since  the  first  establishment  of  the  Wesleyan  missions  in  Ceylon,  is  there 
an  indiyidual,  however  bigoted  he  may  be  to  any  particular  sect  or  creed,  who  can 
point  out  one  exceptionable  character  that  haa  belonged  to  it,  whether  as  a  Christian 


132  Bennett's  Ceyhn  and  Us  CdpabHiiies.  [Feb. 

Thb  was  in  the  year  1826  ;  bat,  singular  to  relate,  the  district  of  Mahagam- 
pattoo  is  at  this  day  as  destitute  as  ever  3  and  all  this  was  done  by  one 
not  living  at  his  ease  in  a  beautiful  and  luxurious  retirement  and  a  de- 
lightful country ;  but  in  a  district  described  by  one  of  the  highest  function- 
aries in  the  civil  service  as  a  horrid  unhealthy  place,  the  air  that  you 
breathe  being  impregnated  with  the  pestilence  that  is  destroying  all  around 
you,  and  mbpje  there  was  scarcely  a  house  without  some  of  its  inmates 
either  dead*or  dying. 

In  all  cjip^on  apprehension  it  would  be  supposed  that  services  so  eminent 
and  useful,. yet  so  unobtruding,  would  have  been  well  known  and  duly 
estimated*  &t*the  seat  of  power,  and  the  sacrifices  which  were  made,  and 
the  dutiev^filled,  would  have  been  rewarded  by  some  marks  of  favour 
and  promb}l^J^.  We  are  deeply  sorry  to  have  to  present  the  very  reverse 
of  this  pictute.  Ihoice  was  Mr.  Bennett  attacked  with  the  jungle  fever 
while  in  ^e*arduous  performance  of  his  duty  under  the  burning  sun  (the 
rabid  d^g;^^)  of  the  tropics,  and  a  few  days  after  the  second  attack, 
viz.  on  the  1st  of  January,  1827,  he  received  a  communication  from  Govern- 
ment, which  Jie  shall  relate  in  his  own  words. 

''A  seccM^tittack   of  fever  was  the  until  the  26th  of  the  following  J  erne,  for 

almost  immiWte  consequence  of  my  ex-  which  I  paid  300/.  and   I  had  neither 

posing  mysflrln  selecting  and  measuring  gakny  nor  alhwancet  during  the  inter- 

the  proper  ttfliber  on  the  beach  for  the  mediate  period.     Upon  this  order,  it  does 

erection   ol  {)^s   lighthouse  ;  and  a   few  not  become  me  to  offer  a  single  comment 

days  after,  YmeivMl  an  order  to  return  in  these  pages.    There  is  only  Onb  from 

to  BngUtna^»tAd  the  very  inadequate  al-  whom  the  future  is  not  obscured,  and 

owance  of  ^567.^  for  the  passage— an  un-  justice  may  still  lie  in  prospective.     It  is 

welcome  N§f^ear*s  gift  from  the  colonial  satisfactory  to  know  that,  as  time  does  not 

department  fdh  my   long   serrices,  and  run  against  the  Crown,  its  equity  towards 

unaccompdiitd.by  any  proyiso  as  to  a  the  injured  knows  no  prescription. — But 

homeward  ;t}oigad  ship,  or  no  ship  being  at  the  moment  that  I  received  the  order* 

in  port  aCt|)e*t^e.     It  so  happened  that  and  when  the  fever  was  at  its  height,  and 

no  European  ^vilian  would  volunteer  for  the  result  uncertain,  my  position,  {parmtm 

the  station,  and  the   Government  could  componere  magno)  recalled  to  mind  the 

not  consistently  order  one  to  relieve  me  memorable  last  words  of  *  a  faithful  servant 

of  my  official  duties,  after  its  declaration  of  his  Sovereign,*  with  all  their  applicable- 

of  the  26th  of  October,  in  regard  to  an  ness,  solemnity,  and  truth  ;  for  I  too  felt 

European  commandant.     I  therefore  re-  conscious,  that  I  had  not  served  my  God 

tained  office  for  two  months  after  that  as  faithfully  as  I  had  served  my  king  and 

order  had  reached  me,  but  there  was  not  country.*** 
a  ship  by  which  I  could  obtain  a  passage 


and  a  loyal  and  devoted  subject,  or  as  a  husband,  father,  brother,  or  friend  ? — I  might 
long  pause  for  a  reply." 

*  The  author  mentions  in  another  place,  (p.  303,)  on  the  same  subject,  <'  Under 
all  the  circumstances,  and  after  so  much  affliction,  I  might  perhaps  have  been  justified 
in  leaving  the  district,  upon  receiving  the  official  order  to  return  to  England ;  but 
I  contented  myself  with  making  a  respectful  appeal  to  the  proper  authorities,  and 
continued  at  my  post  till  the  coUector  of  the  province  had  made  the  best  temporary 
arrangements  he  could  for  the  safety  of  the  public  stores  and  treasure  under  my 
official  charge ;  because,  where  example  was  every  things  it  would  not  have  been 
acting  the  part  of  an  Englishman,  for  the  only  one  in  the  district  to  have  quitted  it 
at  the  moment  when  his  presence  was  most  necessary  to  the  interesto  of  the  public 
service.** 


1844.] 


Church-House  at  Bray,  co,  Berks, 


Mr.  Urban,  July. 

I  HEREWITH  send  you  a  view, 
painted  on  the  spot  io  1835,  of  one  of 
a  class  of  buildings  now  becoming  rare, 
viz.  the  Church- House  at  Bray,  in 
Berkshire,  which,  although  it  has  re- 
cently lost  much  of  its  antique  appear- 
ance, is  still  interesting  on  account  of 
its  picturesque  projecting  gable,  and 
the  Lich-gate  under  it. 

Church. houses,  standing,  as  this 
does,  within  churchyards,  if  originally 
built  for  the  residence  of  chantry 
priests,  or  of  the  parochial  clergy, 
were,  no  doubt,  consecrated  "  ad  opus 
ecclesiae,"  and  repaired  by  the  lords  of 
manors,  or  the  churchwardens,  as  par- 
sonages  still  are,  or  ought  to  be.  A 
few,  however,  were  originally  used  as 
manor-court  houses,  or  as  our  modern 
vestry-rooms,  or  as  bede-houses,  or 
hospitals  for  persons  who  performed 
their  religious  services  in  some  parti- 
cular chantry ;  but  most  of  them  have, 
since  the  Reformation,  been  appro- 
priated to  parochial  poor,  generally. 

Lich-gates  are  so  denominated  from 
the  Anglo-Saxon  word  Lic^^dead  body, 
because  "through  them,"  says  Todd, 
"the  dead  are  carried  to  the  grave." 
Those  in  towns  are  often  substantial 
arches  of  masonry,  as  was  that  recently 
pulled  down  at  Great  Marlow,  and  the 
beautifully. sculptured  entrance  to  St. 
Giles's  churchyard,  Westminster,  if 
indeed,  so  modern  an  edifice  may  be 
deemed  a  lich-gate.  In  villages,  how- 
ever, they  are  commonly  mere  wooden 
porches,  open  at  their  sides,  with 
thatched  or  tiled  roofs,  covering  a  gate 
which  almost  invariably  turns  upon 
a  central  pivot.  Hone,  in  his  Table 
Book,  considers  them  merely  "  as  rest- 
ing places  for  funerals,  and  for  the 
shelter  of  the  corpse  until  the  minister 
arrives  to  commence  the  service  for  the 
dead ;"  but  since  they  are  usually  too 
small  for  such  purposes,  1  am  inclined 
to  consider  a  lich-gate  rather  in  the 
nature  of  the  ancient  ante. port icus  to 
the  atria  or  courts  of  ancient  basilical 
churches,  and,  symbolically,  perhaps  as 
"  An  arch  of  triumph  for  Death's  victories." 

Bray  Church-house,  I  am  credibly 
informed,  was  erected  for  the  abode  of 
the  chaplain  of  St.  Mary's  chantry, 
which  John  Norys,  esq.  added  to  the 
east  end  of  the  north  aisle  of  Bray 
church,  A.D.  1446.  But  all  traces  of 
the  altar  and  its  appurtenances  in  this 


133 

chantr)',  or  of  any  screens  that  may 
have  formerly  separated  it  from  the 
parochial  chancel  or  the  north  aisle, 
and  its  painted  glass,  have  disappeared, 
and  the  only  remaining  designations 
of  its  origin  (although  nearly  effaced 
by  whitewash)  are  certain  scutiferous 
angels  carved  in  relief,  some  with  the 
ancient  bearings  of  Norys  of  Ocholt— 
a  chevron  inter  three  raven's  heads 
erased — and  others  with  this  same  coat 
impaling  a  bearing  like,  probably,  an 
otter,  otters  having  been  subsequently 
granted  by  Edward  IV.  as  supporters  to 
the  Norris  family,  one  of  those  few 
families  privileged,  though  not  enno- 
bled, to  have  supporters,  and  of  which 
honour  two  boldly  sculptured  and  in- 
teresting specimens  (the  otters  sup- 
porting the  shield  by  holding  its  base 
in  their  mouths)  still  exist  within 
shallow  niches  high  up  in  the  east 
wall,  but  also  bedaubed  with  white- 
wash, so  that  they  have  become  almost 
unintelligible. 

Previously,  however,  to  the  "  beau- 
tification "  which  Bray  Church  suf- 
fered about  three  years  ago,  there  was 
likewise  against  the  east  wall  of  this 
chantry  a  tablet  of  grey  shelly  mar- 
ble, on  which,  flatly  raised  above  its 
surface,  are  two  figures  kneeling  at  a 
fold- stool — one,  a  man  in  armour,  in- 
vested with  a  mantle  having  on  the  left 
shoulder  the  cross  encircled  with  the 
mottocd  garter  of  the  order  of  St. 
George  of  England — the  other,  his  wife, 
in  a  full-sleeved  gown  and  ruff;  be- 
hind the  man  six  boys,  and  behind  the 
woman  six  girls,  all  in  attitude  of 
prayer.  At  the  upper  part  of  this 
tablet  are  engraved  on  scrolls  these 
sentences;  viz. 
**  Vivit  post  funera  Virtvs.'* 
"  Penitendum  est,  nam  moriendam  est.*' 
At  the  dexter  upper  corner,  on  a  shield, 
(No  1.)  surrounded  by  a  wreath  of 
bay,  is  this  coat  of  arms,  viz. — a  bend 
engrailed,  cotised  (for  Fortescue) ; 
quartering  Fretty,  in  chief  three  roses  ; 
a  crescent  for  difference. 

At  the  sinister  upper  corner,  on  a 
shield  (No.  2.)  is  a  coat  of  eight  quar- 
terings,  viz. :  1st  and  8th,  a  plain  field, 
quartering  a  fret,  over  all  a  fesse 
charged  with  a  crescent  for  difference ; 
Norreys  of  Lancashire. 

2nd.  A  raven  rising. 

3rd.  A  cross  moline. 

4th.  A  fret. 


134 


Bray  Church,  Berk$hire. 


[Feb. 


Sth.  A  cross  boton^. 

6th.  A  lion  doable-qaeaed  rampftnt. 

7th.  Three  bars. 

On  tho  fold-stool  is  the  coat.  No. 
2,  impaling  coat  No.  1.  Between  the 
figures  of  the  man  and  woman  is  the 
Norris  motto,  "  Faithfully  sarve  ;" 
mod  under  them,  cut  in  small  capitals, 
this  inscription : 

"  William  NoaasTS,  of  Fifield  in 
Bray,  Esq.  who  was  Vsher  of  the  P»lia- 
ment  House  of  the  Noble  Order  of 
the  Garter,  a  Getlema  Pencioner,  Comp- 
troler  of  the  works  of  Whidesor  Castle 
and  Parks  ther,  &  Keeper  of  Follijhon 
Parke,  w<=»  offices  he  had  by  y*  gifte  of 
Qween  Marie,  ei^oyed  theime  duringe 
life,  most  faithfully  servinge  his  noble 
SoTeraine  Qweene  Elizabeth,  a  Justice  of 
peace  of  Barkshere,  euer  of  honest  bcha- 
Tior  and  good  reputation :  fayoringe  the 
vertTTs,  plesuringe  mannie,  hurtinge  none, 
died  at  his  howse  of  Fifild,  16  Aprilis, 
1591,  at  the  Aage  of  68  years,  after  he 
had  be  maried  43  years,  &  had  issue  6 
sons  &  6  doughters,  &  is  interred  by 
his  Awnoestors,  under  the  stone  graven 
w*^  his  armes  hearbefore  liinge. 
Innoenus  vizi,  si  me  post  fbnera  Icdas, 
Ccelesti  Dondno,  fscto  (sceleste)  lues. 

Maria  ex  Fortescuorii  fkmilia  adhuc  su- 
perstes  yidua  reUcta  supradicti  WilUelmi 
Norreys,  hoc  monumentum  suis  ezpensis 
Optimo  suo  marito  defnncto  curam  fieri 
9  Augusti  iSdS.** 

Bat,  with  the  usual  ignorence  of 
churchwardens,  though  not  without  a 
Tery  respectful  private  remonstrance 
from  my  pen  to  the  Vicar,  during  the 
progress  of  this  beautification,  on  the 
impropriety  of  d  isplacingany  memorials 
of  the  dead  (and  especially  of  the  re- 
latires  of  the  pious  founder  of  this 
chantry),  from  their  pristine  situation, 
the  aforesaid  tablet  has  been  removed 
to  a  pier  of  the  soutli  aisle,  and  the 
"  stone  graven"  alluded  to  in  the  above 
inscription,  and  others  that  covered  the 
remains  of  the  "awncestors"  of  the 
Norys  family,  have  been  placed  in  an 
opposite  comer,  under  tht  theatrical 
inclined-plane  pewing  with  which  tlie 
parishioners  of  Bray  are  now  accom- 
modated. And,  not  to  notice  sundry 
other  desecrations,  the  figured  tiles 
formerly  about  the  altar  nave  been 
variously  dispersed,  and  supplanted  by 
a  wooden  block  pavement;  and  the 
brass  of  Justiciary  Lakbn,  of  1476, 
removed  from  the  east  end  of  the  south 
aisle  the  chantry  which  waa,  proba- 


bly, of  his  wife  Syferwast's  family, 
has  been  so  placed  under  the  pulpit 
(with  his  head  dishonourably  north- 
ward) that  the  tips  of  his  shoes  are  the 
only  parts  now  visible.  Future  anti- 
quaries must  therefore  contemplate  the 
ofllcial  costume  displayed  by  this  in- 
teresting brass,  either  in  Cough's 
great  work  on  Sepulchral  Monuments, 
or  among  the  accurate  representations 
of  brasses  now  in  course  of  publication 
by  tht  Messra.  Waller,  to  whom, 
some  time  since,  I  presented  a  rubbing 
from  it.  Fortunately,  however,  the 
plain  brass  labels,  with  the  following 
memorials  of  the  first  chantry  priest, 
and  of  a  contemporary  vicar,yet  remain, 
although  their  portraitures  have  long 
ago  disappeared. 

mt  facet  jmagii^  fmWm'0  9ifti, 
bkari*  eccfi'e  be  ^rape,  qui  oiiit  u(ti*o 
Me  Sanuac'  «•  9*ni  m^  tttv*  %V*  cuj* 
art  rt*crr  nttmt. 

Orate  o'  ai'a  ^iCi  tf  ^ome  Xttelutie 
€$9tliant,tuVai't9*V*titv9'i.  %mtn. 

St.  Mary's  chantry  is  mentioned  in 
the  will  of  its  founder,  and  was  chiefly 
maintained  by  certain  lands  attached 
to  Fyfield  House  estate,  enumerated  in 
an  Extent  of  the  Royal  Manor  of  Brave 
now  in  my  possession,  taken  in  the 
third  year  of  Elizabeth's  reign,  at 
which  time  a  John  Norris,  successor  to 
an  Edward  Norris,  held  that  mansion. 

Youra,  Ace.  PLANTAOBIf  BT. 


Ma.  UaBAN, 

MY  friend  Plantaobnbt  having 
intimated  to  me  his  intention  of  trans- 
mitting to  you  a  view  of  the  old  build- 
ing at  the  south-east  entrance  of  Bray 
chureh-yard,  I  beg  to  accompany  his 
communication  with  a  copy  from  the 
Tower  Rolls  of  the  Foundation  Charter 
of  St.  Mary's  chantry  in  Bray  chureh  ; 
from  which,  and  from  the  figures  1448 
cut  into  an  oak  beam  on  the  west  side 
of  the  poreh  constitnting  the  lower 
portion  of  this  building,  I  conclude 
that  it  was  erected  by  John  Norys, 
esq.  as  a  residence  for  the  chaplain  of 
the  aforesaid  chantry,  founded  by  him 
A.D. 1446. 

This  edifice  was  repaired,  but  with 
considerable  modification,  four  or  five 
years  ago,  by  the  present  incumbent 
of  Bray ;  and  Plantagbn bt's  repre- 
sentation is  the  more  valuable  as  ac- 
curately shewing  its  original  form. 
Yours,  &G.    G.  C.G. 


1844,] 


On  the  Forms  of  Churches. 


1S5 


FOUKDATIOK  CflfARTBR  OV  THIE  NoKIIIS 
ChANTATi  IK   TBG    PaRISH    Ch171ICH 

ow  Brat,  Bkrkshirk. 

[Pat.  25  Hen,  VL  p.  1,  in*  26,] 

Dc  Cantaria  fundaadA. — Rex  ommbut 
ftd  4UO8,  &c,  salatetn.  Sciatiflf  quod  de 
gmtift  nostra  spcdalif  coticessiniua  et  11- 
oentiiin  dedimos  pro  oohh  et  hnredibus 
noitris,  cjuantum  in  oobi^  est^  Willi  el- 
MO  epbcopo  SaruMt  Johakki  Nohyb 
srtni^ro,  ft  Tbom^c  Ludk  vicario  paro- 
diiolja  ecclejioe  de  Bray^  quod  ipsl,  aut 
dno  seu  imui  eorum  diutius  diipemvens, 
ad  lamdem  ct  gloriam  Dei,  quAodam  Can- 
tariftm  |>erpetaAm  in  hoDore  beatissimse  et 
gloriosisaimie  nc  latemeratGe  Yirginia  Ma- 
me  infra  dictam  ccclesiani  de  Bray^  de 
tioo  CapellADO  perpetuo  diviea  in  ho  no  re 
beati^sims  et  glorioaissimse  ac  intomeratee 
Virginia  Mariie  ad  oltare  dictfle  Virginis  in- 
fra dicta tn  ccclesiam  de  Bray,  Sarum  dio» 
ce«i,  pro  bono  itatu  ncratro  diim  vixerimus 
et  ipAontm  Episoopi  Johannis  et  Thomft  ac 
OfDiiiiiin  olioram  qui  terras  et  tenemeata 
MR  potscaiiones  aUqua  ad  sustentationetu 
Caotariae  tea  CapeUaui  ejuadeoi  dederint 
fen  oo&ttilerliitt  vel  alias  ad  austentatianen] 
Cantarue  et  Capellani  liujuBmodi  tuanus 
porrexenal  adjutrices,  et  pro  anima  et 
animabttft  sola  postquam  ab  hac  luce  mi- 
graverimus  et  migraTerintt  aniniabuBque 
omnium  fidelium^  singulis  diebus,  niai 
rationabilis  eicusationia  caus^lnicrreniat, 
celebratnrOi  aliaque  pietatis  et  cari  talis 
opera  juxta  ordiRationem  ipso  mm  episco- 
pi  Johannis  et  Tbomse  ant  dnorum  eeii 
nniiis  eorum  diuttus  vi  vent  is  in  hac  parte 
fa^iendam  imperpetuum  impleturo,  facere, 
fun  dare,  et  stabilire  poaaint  et  posgit ;  et 
quod  Cantaria  ilia  cum  sic  factufundata  et 
stabilita  fuerit  Cantaria  bciitee  Maria!  de 
Bray,  ac  quilibet  CapoUanua  Cantarioe 
ilUus  pro  tempore  exiatena  capcUonua  per- 
petRRS  ejusdem  CantaKse  imperpetuum 
nRncapentur.  Et  quod  Ca^iellanua  Can- 
tariie  Ulina  cam  Cantaria  ilia  air  facta  fun- 
dats  et  stabilita  fuerit,  el  quilibet  Biiceea- 
■or  auRS  CapeUapus  Cantaria;  iliiua  per 
nomen  Capellani  Cantarie  Beats  Mariie 
de  Bnj  sit  persona  abilis  [ci>]  in  lege  ad 
proseqRendum  et  defendendum  omnlmo* 
das  actionea  realea  peraonales  et  noixtas 
tectaa  querelas  et  demandaa  in  quibns- 
comque  curiiiSi  et  coram  quibuscuraqne 
JRStit^riia  et  judlcibua  spirit ualibuit  et 
Imporalibus,  et  quod  posait  in  eiadcm 
rM|!oaileFe  ct  respondcri,  ct  ait  similiter 
pCfsona  abilia  [tic]  in  lege  ad  perquircn- 
dnm  terras  tenementareddiCus  et  scrvitia, 
et  aiiai  pc^aaeaaiooea  quwcumque.  Con- 
ceuAoiRS  etiam  quod,  cam  Cantaria  ilk, 
cam  sie  facta  fundata  et  stabilita  fuerit ^ 
CapellanRS  Cantarite  iUius  pro  tempore 
eiisteiu  terras  tenementa  et  redditus  ad 


ralorem  decern  libranitn  per  annum »  qRoe 
de  nobis  immediate  teneantur  in  capitef  seR 
alias  per  servitium  militare  doquacumqRe 
persona,  sen  quibuscumque  personis,  ea 
ci  dare  concedere  t»ive  assignare  volenti- 
busi  se  volentibus  perquirere  possit  babeR- 
da  et  tenenda  aibi  et  aucceaaoribus  aula 
Capellanis  Cantarise  praedictc  in  suam 
SRsCentationeoi  ct  aupportationem  one- 
rum  eidem  Caotanie  neceasarie  incum- 
bentium  juxta  ordinationem  in  hac  parte 
ut  pncmittitur  faciendam  imperpetnura. 
Statuto  de  terria,  dec,  ike.  &c. 

Teate  Rege  apud  WestmonasteriRm  ix 
die  Septembris. 


Ma,  Ufi-BAN, 

WITH  regard  to  the  picturesque 
form  for  building  Gothic  churches 
lately  discussed  id  your  pages,  1  have 
long  thought  that  by  placing  their 
towers  or  belfries  at  or  near  the  centre 
instead  of  the  west  end,  we  should 
then  have  more  graceful  cdiiSces  than 
we  commoDly  now  meet  with.  But 
since  the  propriety  of  such  situatioa 
for  towers  as  well  as  of  your  cor*' 
respondent  G,  C/s  equalization  of  the 
height  of  naves  and  chanceld  is  a  grave 
quest  ion  J  requiring  more  cccleaio  logical 
lore  thau  I  deem  it  prudent  to  hold 
myself,  individually,  responsible  for— 
it  must  be  referred  to  the  judgment  of 
the  architectural  societies  of  Oxford 
and  Cambridge,  or  to  that  of  an  Asao- 
ciatioD  recently  established  in  London, 
which,  endeavouring  to  preserve  with 
our  nlhcr  ancient  National  monumenta 
those  of  a  sacred  character,  proposes 
to  offer  suggestions  to  any  persona 
interested  either  i  n  the  erection,  restora- 
tion, or  repair  of  churches  as  to  the 
proper  mode  in  which  it  should  be 
effected. 

And  here  I  must  say  a  few  words, 
by-lhe-bye^on  aisles  j  which,  although 
tiiey  may  improve  the  picturesque 
appearance  of  a  church,  and,  when 
considered  either  economical  ly^  or 
architecturally  as  a  kind  of  %ing 
buttresses,  may  possibly  be  useful— 
surely.  Sir.  we  Protestants  should 
look  with  some  suspicion  at  their 
employment  in  English  churches,  if 
they  be  chietly  intended  (as  Mr.  Pugla 
implies)  for  those  pompous  Romaa 
Catholic  processions  in  which  the 
consecrated  wafer  is  carried  about 
lifted  up  to  be  worshipped  ;  unless, 
indeed,  we  would  be  luding  him  ia 


136 


On  Harmmdc  Proportion  in  Churches. 


[Fd). 


bailding  churches  for  the  use  of  a 
future  Roman  Catholic  population. 

1  was  much  interested  by  the  idea 
of  your  correspondent  Mr.  Barnes,  in 
your  last  December  Magazine,  for 
erecting  churches,  the  quantity  of 
whose  several  parts  shall  be  in  mu- 
sical harmonic  proportion  to  each 
oUier.  But,  although  I  cannot  imagine 
that  this  is  the  true  key  to  the  har- 
monious form  of  such  few  ancient 
ecclesiastical  structures  as  have  de- 
scended to  us  in  an  unmutilated  state, 
I  am  strongly  of  opinion,  with  Mr. 
Billings  (who  I  hope  will  favour  us 
with  fuller  views  on  this  subject  than 
he  yet  has  done),  that  there  does  cer- 
tainly exist  some  arithmetical  or  geo- 
metrical module  that  may  eventually 
unloose  the  hidden  chords  of  archi- 
tectural harmony. 

In  the  dilemma,  therefore,  in  which 
we  now  are  placed  between  the  Cam- 
bridge Camdenians  and  Church-build- 
ing committees,  I  beg  respectfully  to 
submit  that  a  general  council  of  our 
Bishops,  duly  gathered  together,  should 
ordain  what  parts  of  ancient  Roman 
Catholic  churches  must  not  be  copied, 
and  what  parts  may — strengthening 
their  mandate  by  d^Kvmeniary  evidence, 
(if  to  be  found,)  as  to  the  utility  and 
origin  of  such  parts  and  portions, 
whether  relating  to  construction,  furni- 
ture, or  ornament ;  and  distinguishing 
those  parts  ordered  authoritatively  to 
be  destroyed  (except  by  Puritans)  from 
those  that,  not  having  been  included 
in  such  order,  I  humbly  conceive  should 
still  be  retained  and  honoured  without 
subjecting  us  to  be  scoffed  at  as  Pu- 
seyites  by  ignorant  people,  who  never 
read  the  thirty-nine  articles,  nor  know 
the  tenets  of  a  true  Church-of- England 
man. 

Yours,  &c.  Plantagenbt. 


Mb.  Urban,  Dorchester,  Jan, 
THERE  is  now,  I  think,  no  longer 
anything  which  your  correspondent 
G.  C.  and  myself  can  dispute.  I 
readily  allow  that  while  there  must 
be  three  terms  in  a  harmonic  propor- 
tion, and  that  the  height  of  a  low 
chancel  may  be  one  of  them,  yet  that 
those  three  terms  may  be  found  in  a 
church  with  an  equal  chancel,  the  first 
3 


of  them  being  the  whole  height  of  the 
tower,  the  second  the  height  of  the 
tower  above  the  nave,  and  the  third 
that  of  the  nave  itself,  as  is  the  case 
with  my  outline ;  and  I  am  vety  glad, 
for  the  sake  of  architecture  more  than 
my  own,  that  the  doctrine  of  harmonic 
proportion  has  made  a  favourable  im- 
pression ou  at  least  one  well  instructed 
mind.  I  strongly  believe  that,  whether 
it  was  held  in  Greece  exclusively  by 
those  who  were  initiated  in  the 
mysteries  of  numbers  learnt  in  Egypt 
by  Pythagoras  and  others,  or  by  the 
Grecian  cultivators  of  the  liberal  arts 
in  common,  and  whether  it  was  kept 
in  the  best  ages  of  Christian  archi- 
tecture by  all  master  masons  or  only 
by  the  freemasons,  it  is  one  of  the 
keys  to  beauty  in  form  which  we  have 
yet  to  recover ;  and  I  think  that  the 
chief  dimensions  of  all  churches  of 
cot^essedly  beautiful  outline,  would 
corroborate  my  opinion  by  still  an- 
swering quite  or  nearly  the  conditions 
of  harmonic  proportion.  As  this  matter 
cannot  be  unworthy  of  investigation  I 
should  be  most  happy  to  try  any  dimen- 
sions that  may  fall  into  my  own  hands ; 
though,  with  a  very  little  attention  to 
harmonic  proportion,  asgiven  in  almost 
any  mathematical  work,  any  of  your 
readers  may  test  the  dimensions  of  a 
church  himself.  One  of  the  most 
simple  modes  of  doing  so  is,  as  I  said 
in  my  former  letter,  to  take  the  greatest 
and  least  of  three  unequal  heights  or 
breadths,  and  multiply  them  together 
for  a  product,  to  add  them  together 
for  a  sum,  and  then  divide  /trice  the 
product  by  their  sum,  and  if  the  quotient 
should  be  equal  to  the  middle  one  of 
the  three  heights  or  breadths  they  are 
in  harmonic  proportion.  For  ex- 
ample, if  the  whole  tower  were  60 
feet  high,  the  nave  20  feet  high,  and 
the  part  of  the  tower  above  the  nave 
were  consequently  30  feet,  then  the 
greatest  and  least  of  the  dimensions 
would  be  60  and  20,  which,  being 
multiplied  together,  would  produce 
1200.  Then,  taking  twice  that  pro- 
duct, 2400,  and  dividing  it  by  the  sum 
of  the  60  and  20,  which  would  be  80, 
we  should  have  30,  the  middle  term. 
W.  Barnes. 


1844.]  List  of  Contributors  ta  the  Quarterly  Review. 


137 


Mr.  Urbax,   ^FirkstDOflk,  Dec.  22. 

FROM  the  great  additional  interest 

that  is  given  to  papers  of  periodical 

criticiBm  when  the  names  of  the  writers 

[  are  known,  it  has  often  occurred  to  me 
that  a  communication  pointing  out 
the  authors  of  some  of  the  hest  es- 
says in  the  Quarterly  Review  might 
not  he  unacceptable  to  some  of  your 
numerous  readers,     I  have  heen  also 

^  led  to  this  concluBion,  from  the  avidity 

^  with  which  one  always  reads  in  the 
tmasiDg  and  interesting  Diary  of  the 
late  Mr.  Green^  aad  in  other  parts  of 
your   Magazine^    the    Dames   of  the 

f  "Writers  of  striking  articles  in  the 
Quarterly   Review    mentioned.      The 

fopularity,  too,  of  such  works  as 
outhcy'a  Essays  from  the  Quarterly, 
mod  the  recent  publication  of  Smith's, 
Macaulay's,  and  Lord  Jeffrey's  contri- 
batioDs  to  the  lidinburgh  Review, 
show  that  the  value  of  these  essays  is 
not  lost  hy  time. 

The  list  of  contributor?  i  send  is 
derived  from  sources  accessible  lo  all, 
and  is  probably  familiar  to  most  of 
year  readers.  There  may  be  some, 
however,  whose  means  of  literary  in- 
Librmation  are,  like  mine,  but  limited, 
land  who  may  be  gratified  to  know  the 
names  of  such  writers  of  articles  in 
the  Quarterly  as  may  have  formerly 
^detighted  and  instructed  thenu 

The   Quarterly  Review  is  a  store - 
ThouBe  of  some  of  the  finest  wrtling 
[ftnd  the  best  criticism  in  the   iinglish 
[tanguage  ;  and  it  may  lead  to  a  re-pe- 
Irusal  of  some  of  iU  admirable  essays 
vhen  it  is  known  by  whom  they  were 
Dfltributed. 
An  ulterior  object  therefore  in  com- 
kmunicating  this  imperfect  catalogue  of 
uthors,  is  to   induce  some   of  your 
iumerous  correspondents  to  render  it 
[more  complete.    It  can  be  no  violation 
Df  the  secrets  of  literary  criticism  to 
publish  the  names  of  such  writers  as 
Dave    acknowledged    the    authorship 
I  themselves,  or  of  such  as  have  tran- 
spired through  the  usual  channels  of 
information.     Indeed    the   diatinction 
of  having  contributed  to  the  Quarterly 
"eview  is  an  honour  which  few  would 
vish    to   conceal,  and  it  is  desirable 
bat  the  public  should  know  to  whom 
hey  are   indebted  for    so   much   in- 
struction and  amusement. 

In  the  following  list  I  have  men- 
tioned  mv  authority  where  it  waa  ac- 
Gbnt/Mao.  Vol.  XXi, 


cessible :  some  names,  however,  I  have 
derived  from  report,  and  for  others,  the 
reference  to  the  authority  was  for- 
gotten,  or  not  at  hand. 

But  1  believe  all  may  be  depended 
on,  except  one  or  two  to  which  a 
note  of  interrogation  is  added,  and 
about  which  I  bad  some  doubt. 

The  present  commtinication  extends 
over  the  early  series  of  the  Review,  up 
to  the  first  Index  ;  and,  if  you  consider 
it  worthy  of  publication  in  your  ex- 
cellent Magazine,  I  shall  have  great 
pleasure  in  continuing  it  in  one  or  two 
other  numbers  up  to  the  present  time. 
Yours,  fitc.     T.  P. 

VOL*  I. 

Art.  2,  p.  19.  Reliques  of  Burns, — 
Sir  Walter  Scott. 

Art.  13,  p.  134.  Chronicle  of  the 
Cid.— Sir  Walter  Scott, 

Art.  Id,  p.  178.  Carr's  Caledonian 
Sketches,— Sir  Walter  Scott  and  Sir  C. 
E.  Grey, 

Art,  I,  p.  241.  Gertrude  of  Wyo- 
ming.—Sir  Walter  Scott. 

Art.  7i  p-  337-  John  de  Lancaster* 
—Sir  Walter  Scott. 

(Vide  Scott's  Miscellaneous  Works, 
and  Life  by  Lockhart,  passim.) 

Art.  10,  p.  107.  La  Place— Dr. 
Thos.  Young. 

(Vide  '*  A  Catalogue  of  the  Works 
and  Essays  of  the  late  Dr.  Young, 
found  in  his  own  Handwriting,  to 
1827/*  in  Brando's  Quarterly  Journal 
of  Science,  vol.  28,  p.  154.) 

Art.  17,  p.  193.  Baptist  Missions. 
— Mr,  Southey. 

(Vide  Correspondence  of  Wilbcr* 
force,  vol.  2,  p.  264.) 

Art.  7,  p.  73.  Sir  Philip  Sidney.— 
Mr.  D' Israeli, 

Art.  13,  p.  a87.  Sydney  Smith's 
Sermons, — J.  W.  Croker. 

(Vide  S.  Smith's  Works,  passim.) 

Art.  17,  p.  437.  Austrian  State 
Papers. — Mr.  Canning. 

VOL.    II* 

Art.  2,  p.  24.  Transactions  of  the 
Missionary  Society, — Mr.  Southey, 

Art. 8,  p.  L'>5.  Insanity,— Or,  Young. 

Art  1 0,  p,  337.  La  Place.— Dr.  Young. 

(Vide  loc.  cit.) 

Art,  7,  p.  HC.  Miss  Edgcworth's 
Tales.- Mr,  Gifford  the  Editor. 

Art,  I7.p*  426.  Baltic  ofTalavera, 
—Sir  Walter  Scott, 

Art.  6,  p.  288,  Kerr  Porter'a  TriTcla. 
— Bp.  Hcber. 

T 


lAMi  ofConirikU&n  to  the  Quarterfy  Review. 


138 

(Vide  his  Life  by  his  Widow,  vol. 
1,  p.  363.) 

Art.  14,  p.  375.  Characters  of  Fox. 
—J.  H.  Frere. 

(Vide  Qaar.  Rev.  toI.  4,  p.  207,  and 
Heber's  Life,  toI.  1,  p.  363.) 

Art.  15,  p.  401.  Warburtoo's  Let- 
ters.— Dr.  T.  D.  Whitaker. 

(Vide  Gent's.  Mag.) 

vol.  III. 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Herculanensia. — Dr. 
Young. 

Art.  5,  p.  368.  Eau  Mcdicinale. — 
Dr.  Yoang. 

Art.  15,  p.  462.  Mdmoires  d'Ar- 
cueil.— Dr.  Yoang. 

(Vid.  loc.  cit.) 

Art.  3,  p.  339*  Fatal  Revenge. — 
Sir  Walter  Scott. 

Art.  16,  p.  481.  Aikin  on  Song 
Writing.— Sir  Walter  Scott. 

(Vide  Misc.  Prose  Works,  Bcc.) 

Art.  15,  p.  185.  Sydney  Smith's 
Sermons. — Mr.  Croker. 

(Vide  S.  Smith's  Works.) 

Art.  18,  p.  218.  Lives  of  Nelson. — 
Mr.  Soathey. 

(Vide  his  Life  of  Nelson,  passim.) 

Art.  17.  p.  492.  Lady  of  the  Lake.* 
•^Mr.  Geo.  £llis. 


Art.  l,p.  281.  Crabbe's Borough.— 
Mr.  Giffbrd. 

(Vide  Crabbe's  Life  by  his  Son, 
passim.) 

Art.  8,  p.  111.  Clarke's  Travels.- 
Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  13,  p.  480.  Evangelical  Sects. 
—Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  12,  p.  177.  Replies  to  Calum- 
nies  against  Oxford. — Rev.  J.  Davison, 
late  Fellovr  of  Oriel. 

(VidehisWorks,  p.  349.) 

Art.  13,  p.  207.  Life  of  Fitt.— J. 
U.  Frere. 

CThis  beautiful  article  is  ascribed  by 
Lord  Brougham  to  Mr.  Frere,  and  is 
generally  supposed  to  be  written  by 
him.  It  was  kept  a  great  secret  at  the 
time.  Vide  Ed.  Review,  vol.  68,  p. 
227«  and  Heber'sLife,  vol.  1,  p.  363.) 

Art.  9.  p*  403.  Sadleir's  SUte  Pa- 
pers.— Edm.  Lodge. 

(Vide  Gent's.  Mag.  April,  1839.) 

*  ''  I  have  always  considered  this  arti- 
cle as  the  best  specimen  of  contemporary 
criticism  on  Scott's  poetry.**  Lockhart*s 
Life  of  Scott,  vol.  ii.  p.  296. 


[Feb. 


Art  14,  p.  514.  Miss  Mitford's 
Poems.    Rev.  John  Mitford.f 

(Vide  Quart.  Rev.  vol.  67,  p.  323.) 

Art.  15,  p.  518.  Bullion  Committee. 
— Geo.  Ellis  and  Mr.  CSanning. 

(Vide  Scott's  Life,  2d  edit.  vol.  3, 
p.  366.) 

VOL.  V. 

Art.  2,  p.  40.  Southey's  Curse  of 
Kehama.— Sir  W.  Scott. 

(Vide  Scott's  Misc.  Prose  Works, 
Tol.  17,  p.  301.) 

Art  9,  p.  437.  Pindar. — Bishop 
Heber. 

(Vide  Heber's  Life,  vol.  1,  p.  369.) 

Art.  7*  p.  120.  Sinclair's  Remarks, 
Ace. — Mr.  Geo.  Ellis  and  Mr.  Canning. 

(Vide  Scott's  Life,  vol.  2,  p.  379.) 

Art.  13,  p.  498.  Letters  of  Mad.  du 
Deffand.— J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  1,  p.  273.  Strabo.— Rev.Thos. 
Falkener,  M.D. 

(Vide  Memoir  of  Dr.  Falkener, 
Gent's.  Magazine.) 

VOL.  VI. 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Dugald  Stewart. — Mr. 
Bowdler  ? 

(Vid.  Life  of  Wilberforce,  vol.  4,  p. 
73.) 

Art.  4,  p.  74.  Cuthbert  on  Tides.— 
Dr.  Young. 

(Vid.  loc.  cit.) 

Art  8,  p.  124.  Hardy's  Life  of  Ld. 
Charlemont. — Earl  of  Dudley. 

(Vide  Letters  to  Bp.  of  Llandaff,  and 
Quart.  Rev.  No.  114,  p.  323.) 

Art.4,p.405.  Montgomery's  Poems. 
*-Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  9*  p.  462.  Ford's  Dramatic 
Works.— Mr.  Giffbrd. 

(The  paragraph  page  485,  beginning 
"  We  would  be  well  content  to  rest 
here,''  relates  to  Charles  Lamb.) 

Art  10,  p.  166.  Edgeworth's  Essays. 
^Rev.  J.Davison.  An  admirable  article. 

(Vide  hu  Works,  page  409.) 

Art  5,  p.  419.  National  Education. 
— ^Mr.  Canning? 

(Vide  Life  of  Canning  in  Fisher's 
Gallery  of  Portraits.) 

Art.  11,  p.  518.  C.  J.  Fox.— J.  H. 
Frere. 

VOL.  VII. 

Art.  9$  p*  159.  Criminal  Law. — Rev. 
J.  Davison.    Works,  p.  459* 

Art.  10,  p.  180.  Childe  Harold.— 
Mr.  Geo.  Ellis. 


t  BrroneottslT    ascribed    to   B^ 
Scott  in  Loekbart's  lifb  UmrW^ 


J844.]  Litl  of  Contributors  to  the  Quarterly  Sepiew. 


Art.  12,  p.  382.  Warburton.— Dr. 
T.  D.  Whitaker. 

(Vide  G€nt.  Magazine.) 

Art.  2,  p.  265.  RoBcoe  on  Reform. 
—Earl  of  Dadley. 

Art.  7,  p.  313.  Home  Tooke.— Earl 
of  Dudley. 

(Vide  Lord  Dudley's  Letters  and 
Quar.  Rev.  No.  133,  p.  97,  3cc.) 

Art  8,  p.  329.  Tales  of  Fashionable 
Life.— Mr.  Gifford. 

(Vide  Crabbe's  Works,  vol.  iv.  p. 
79.) 

Art.  16,  p.  441.  Markland's  Euri- 
pides.— Peter  Elmsley. 

(Vid.  Penny  Cyclop,  vol.  ix.  p.  368.) 

Art.  11,  p.  200.  Lay  Baptism. 

(This  article  is  supposed  to  be  written 
by  Bp.  Heber,  as  he  wrote  and,  I  be- 
lieve, published  a  defence  of  it.) 


Art.  1,  p.  1.  National  Education. — 
Mr.  Canning. 

(Vid.  Life  of  Canning  in  Fisher's 
Gallery  of  Portraits.) 

Art.  4,  p.  65.  Davy's  Chemical  Phi- 
losophy.— Dr.  T.  Young. 

(Vid.  loc.  cit.) 

Art.  3,  p.  302.  Gustavus  IV. — Bp. 
Heber. 

(Vide  his  Life,  vol.  i.  p.  339.) 

Art.  4,  p.  319.  Poor  Laws. — Mr. 
Southey. 

(Republished  in  his  Essays.) 

Art. 6,  p.  374.  Lichtenstein's  Travels. 
— Sir  John  Barrow. 

(Vid.  his  art.  "Africa,"  Encyclo- 
pedia Britan.  7th  edit.) 

VOL.  IX. 

Art.  1 1,  p.  207.  Rogers's  Poems. — 
Earl  of  Dudley. 

Art  3,  p.  313.  Wakefield  and  Fox. 
—Earl  of  Dudley. 

(Vid.  his  Letters  and  Quart  Review, 
No.  133,  p.  96.) 

Art.  6,  p.  89*  Baron  de  Grimm. — 
Mr.  Merivale. 

(Vide  Moore's  Byron,  vol.  iii.  p.  9.) 

Art  8,  p.  125.  Artificial  Memory. — 
R.  J.  Wilmot,  esq. 

(Vide  his  Life,  vol.  i.  p.  391.) 

Art.  10,  p.  162.  Clarke's  Travels.— 
Bp.  Heber. 

(Vid.  Byron's  Works,  vol.  xvi.  p.  48.) 

Art.  1,  p.  265.  British  Fisheries.— 
Sir  John  Barrow. 

(VhI.  Ji 


139 


Art.  13,  p.  466.  Blackall  on  Drop- 
sies.— ^Dr.  T.  Young* 

(Vid.  loc.  cit) 

Art.  15,  p.  480.  Bridal  of  Trier- 
main^— Mr.  G.  Ellis. 

(Vide  Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott,  2d 
edit.,  vol.  iv.  p.  60.) 

VOL.  X. 

Art.  4,  p.  57*  Grimm's  Correspond- 
ence.— Mr.  Merivale. 

(Vid.  Byron's  Works,  loc.  cit ) 

Art.  5,  p.  90.  History  of  Dissenters. 
— Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  5,  p.  409*  Lives  of  Bossuet  and 
Fenelon. — Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  3,  p.  331 .  Lord  Byron's  Giaour. 
—Mr.  G.  Ellis. 

(Vide  Byron's  Works,  vol.  ix.  p. 
158.) 

Art.  10,  p.  353.  De  I'Allemagne.— 
Bp.  Heber. 

(Vid.  Life,  vol.  i.  p.  482.) 

Art.  12,  p.  250.  Adelung's  Hbtory 
of  Languages. — Dr.  Young. 

Art.  6,  p.  427*  Goethe  on  Colours. — 
Dr.  Young. 

(Vid.  Brande's  Jour.  loc.  cit) 

Art.  1,  p.  301.  Patronage. — Earl  of 
Dudley. 

(Vid.  Q.  R.  No.  133,  p.  90.) 

VOL.  XI. 

Art  3,  p.  42.  On  Light. — Dr.  Young. 

Art  14,  p.  203.  Bancroft  on  Colours. 
—Dr.  Young. 

Art  4,  p.  313.  Davy's  Agricultural 
Chemistry.— Dr.  Young. 

Art  16,  p.  347.  Adams  on  the  Eye. 
— Dr.  Young. 

(Vid.  Brande's  Journal,  loc.  cit.) 

Art.  6,  p.  78*  Montgomery's  Poems. 
—Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  11,  p.  428.  The  Corsair,  &c.— 
Mr.  Geo.  Ellis. 

(Vid.  Byron's  Works,  vol.  ix.  p.  3 1 1 , 
and  vol.  x.  p.  45.) 

Art  7,  p.  354.  Waverley.— Mr.  Gif- 
ford. 

(Vid.  Scott's  Life,  vol.  v.  p.  150.) 

Art.  9,  p.  399.  Grimm's  Correspond- 
ence.—Mr.  Merivale. 


Art  1,  p.  1.  Flinders 's  Voyage.— Sir 
John  Barrow. 

Art.  4,  p.  90.  Wells  on  Dew.— Dr. 
Young. 

Art  7,  p.  146.   The  Poor.  — Mr. 


MO  IM 

(Tii,  CnMc'A  Wodka»  wwL  w.f.  9iu> 
Aft  S»  Du  loa  W«fdavovtk'ft  Es- 

Vfoid^wf^tih  ATX  to  md  iL"    VMe 
Utttn  o#  C.  Uab,  p.  }23.> 

Art.  II*  p.  239.  BooMpntc— J.W. 
Cf)»lccr> 

Art.  3,  p.  309.  Gibboo.— Dr.  Wliit. 
alter* 

(Viae  Uic  of  Gibbott.  bf  MUmb. 
fstroJactioB,  pogt  5.) 

Art.  9.  P'  SOL  G«7 
Mr.Ofibrd. 

rou  XIII. 

Art.  11,  p.  193.  Wraxali's  Mc 
-^3.  W.  Crofccr. 

Art.  3,  p.  340.  Manli'i  Horn  Mm- 
pear — U90  f oocoio. 

Art.  17,  p.  SI  5.  Lifeof  Wdliiigtoii. 
—Mr.  Sooflief. 

Art.  9#  p.  449.  Uk  of  WeHiogtoo. 
—Mr.  Soothey. 

TOL.  ziv. 

Art.  1,  p.  285.  Cailodeo  IV^iert.— 
8ir  W.  Scott. 

Art.  9,  p.  ISS.  Emaui.— Sir  W. 
8coU. 

(Vido  Lilc  of  Scoa,  vol.  7#  p.  4,  nd 
MIk.  Frote  Work*,  vol.  20,  p.  1.) 

Art.  6,  p.  120.  Mendicity.— Mr. 
Sooibey* 

(Repobliehcd.) 

Art.  4,  p.  96.  Hermct  ScythioM.— 
Dr,  YooDg. 

Art.  3,  p.  63.  BooBaparte.— J.  W 
Cfokor, 

Art.  10,  p.  513.  The  Elgin  Marbles. 
.-J,  W.  Croker. 

Art.  3,  p.  368.— De  Homboldt'f 
Trafek.— Sir  J.  Barrow. 

(Vide  Byron's  Works,  vol.  16,  p. 
53.) 

Art  10,  p.  201.  Wordsworth's 
White  Doe.^Mr.  Oiflbrd. 

TOL.  XV. 

Art.  8,  p.  187.  The  Poor.— Mr. 
Soathey. 

Art.  12,  p.  537.  Works  on  England. 
—Mr.  ftouthey. 

(Both  these  essays  were  re-pnb- 
iished  by  Mr,  Soutbey.) 

Art.  9.  p.  236.  Malcolm's  Persia.^ 
Bp.  Heber. 

(Vide  hU  Life  by  Mrs.  H.) 


i^a^ 


(Viae  Works»  pu  337. 

Art.  S,  A.  ISS.  TW 

Mr. 


TOL.  XTl. 

Art.  a.  PL  199.  XoiA  West 
nge.— Sir  John  Barrow. 

(Viaehia'-Mi    ~  / 

Art.  9.  p.  17t.   CUde 
Sir  Walter  Scott. 

Art.  a,  PL  430.  Talea  af  mj 


(Viae  hia  Life, 
Ptroae  Works,  wriL  I9>  F- 1 ; 
Walter  explains  the  reasos 
reviewed  his  own  work.) 

Art.  II,  p.  tlS. 
fors.^Mr.  Soathcy._ 

Aft.  10,  p.  511. 
tioo^— Mr.  SoQthey. 

(Both  these  eesayi  wcfo  repabliakcd 
by  Mr.  Soothey.) 

Art  10,  p.  208.  BwMnparte^— J. 
W.  Croker. 

Art  9,  pu  480.  Buonaparte.— J.  W. 
Croker. 

(Froas  Beport) 

▼OL.  XYII. 

Art  7»  p.  160.  Clarke's  Traiekir- 
Mr.  Soathey. 

Art  11,  p.  960.  France,  by  L^y 
Morgan. — ^J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  9,  p.  506.  Answer  to  Mr. 
Warden.— J.  W.  Croker. 

(Bapart.) 

Art.  9,  p.  229.  IVroa.  Voyag.  da 
Oecaovert^. — Sir  J.  Barrow. 

VOL.  xvxii. 

Art  1,  p.  1.  Lope  de  Vega«— Mr* 

Soathey. 

(Vide  Crabbe's  Works,  voL  2,  p.  50 
Art   1,  p.  261.  Poor  Laws.— Mr. 

Soutbey. 
Art.  4,  p.  99*  History  of  BraziL— 

Bp.  Heber. 

(Vide  his  Life,  vol.  1,  p.  482.) 
Art.  7,  p.  423.  Military  Bridfca.— 

Sir  W.  Scott 
(Vide  Scott's  Life,  voL  4,  p,  121.) 
Art  13,  p.  502.  Kirkton's  History  of 

the  Church  of  Scotland.— S'ur  W.Soott 
(Vide  Misc.  Phise  Works,  vol.  19f 

p*  213.) 


1844.] 


Lht  qf  Contributors  to  the  Quarterly  Hevkw* 


141 


Art.  6,  p.  135.  De  Humboldt's 
Trmvela.— Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art*  l],  p,  199-  Norkbern  PassRge. 
— Sir  J.  Barrow, 

(Vide  Bl&ckwood's  Mag^vol.  5,  p. 
152.) 

Art.  8,  p.  431.  Burney:  Bearing's 
Strait. — Sir  J,  Barrow. 

Art.  4,  p.  335.  Tlie  Congo  Expedi- 
tioD. 

(This  article  was  compiled  from 
documents  sent  over  by  Mr,  Salt. 
Vide  Life  of  Mr,  Salt,  vol.  1,  p.  492.) 

Art.  12,  p.  223.  Panorama  d'An- 
gleterre.— J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  13,  p.  229-  Life  of  Watson, 
Bp.  of  Llandaf.— Dr.  T.  D.  Whitaker. 

(Vide  Tate's  Mag.  No.  10,  p.  688.) 


Art,  1,  p.  1«  Evelyn's  Memoirs, — 
Mr,  Soathey, 

(Vide  Hone's  Lives  of  Eminent 
Christiana.) 

Art,  3,  p,  79*  Means  of  iroprovtng 
the  People. — Mr,  Sonthey, 

(Republished.) 


Art,  5,  p,  131.  Russia.— Bp.  Ikber* 

(Vide  Life,  voL  I,  p,  486.) 

Art.  9,  p.  215.  Childc  Harold.— 
Sir  W.  Scott, 

(Vide  Prose  Works,  vol.  17,  p. 
337.) 

Art.  14,  p.  492.  Education  Com- 
mittee,—Dr.  Monk,  Bp.  of  Glouces- 
ter* 

Art.  4,  p,  188.  Horace  Walpole.— 
J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  5,  p.  357.  Small  Fox  and  Vac- 
cination.— Dr.  Uwini* 

(Vide  Memoir  in  Gent.  Mag.) 

Art,  6,  p.  178.  Light's  Travels  in 
Egypt ;  and 

Art.  8,  p.  39K  Antiquities  of  Egypt. 

(These  two  articles  were  compiled 
from  documents  sent  over  by  Mr.  Salt. 
Vide  Life  of  Salt,  vol.  1 ,  p,  492.) 

Art.  12,  p.  250.  Bellamy's  Tran- 
slation of  the  Bible  *,  and 

Art,  II,  p.  446.  Bellamy's  Reply.— 
Mr,  Goodhugb,  author  of  Motives  to 
the  study  of  Biblical  Literature, 

(Vide  Gent.  Magazine,) 
(To  U  cottliimerf.) 


80IIS  PARTietriAES  RSSPKCTIKO  THS  BK0LI8B  ICCLlSIASTICAl  COVRTB* 
(Contmuwl/rom  p,  40.) 


BUT  a  clearer  view  may  be  obtained 
by  ciaraining  this  Jurisdiction  more  in 
detaiL 

Its  two  grand  departments,  com- 
prising various  sub-divisions,  were 
and  are  causes  of  office  (or  correction) 
and  of  instance,  the  former  being 
necessarily  In  the  criminal,  and  the 
tatter  in  the  civil  form.  Besides  these, 
however,  there  were  also  certain  other 
caoses  which  partook  of  the  character 
of  both,  or,  in  the  language  of  eccle- 
siastical law,  were  cau»iB  criminaks 
dvilitfr  intentatiB, 

I  will  begin  with  the  criminal  juris- 
diction, to  which  both  clerks  and  laics 
were  equally  subject.  These  causes 
were  instituted  in  three  modes,  viz. 
by  inquisition,  accusation^  or  denun- 
ciation. The  first  Is  a  proceeding  ex 
mero  officio t  where  the  bishop  or  ordi- 
nary, having  discovered  a  flagrant 
offender  within  his  diocese,  of  his  own 
mere  motion  cites  him  into  his  court 
to  answer  for  the  crime.  The  second 
is  the  every-day  process  of  modern 
times,  the  voluntary  promotion  of  the 

dms'sofficc  by  any  individual  residing 


within  the  diocese,  and  answers  to 
the  indictment  at  common  law.  The 
last  is  the  presentment  of  an  offender 
at  the  ecclesiastical  visitation,  which, 
though  repealed  by  a  late  statute  in 
the  case  of  a  clergyman,  is  i»till  in 
some  degree  lo  use  m  regard  to  the 
laity.*  The  subject  matter  of  the 
criminal  jurisdiction  is  comprised  m 
any  sin  or  olFence  against  the  general 
morality  and  public  decency  of  the 
nation,  but  which  is  not  at  the  same 
time  of  so  heinous  a  character  as  to 
entirely  unhinge  the  foundations  of 
human  society,  like  murder,  thef^,  or 
homicide,  ficcf  In  laics  the  Church 
took  cognisance  of  and  punished  in- 
continence, adultery,  perjury,  defama- 
tion, usury*  violent  laying  of  hands  on 
clerks,  brawling  id  a  church  or  church- 
yard, drunkenness,  blasphemy,  absence 
from  church  on  Sundays  or  holidaya, 
heresy,  &c.|     In  clerks  a  aimiUr  juris- 

•  3  and  4  Vict.  c.  86. 

in  the  circumgpecie  agatis,  lib.  2,  tit.  2» 
I  OttghtoDj  Ord.  Judicior,  de  causb,  tit. 


142 


JRise  tmdProgre^  of  the  EccUnutieal  Courts. 


[Feb. 


diction  obtained  with  more  competent 
powers  of  punishment,  for  the  ordinary 
conid  admonish,  suspend,  depose,  or 
deprive,  as  the  offence  might  deserve 
in  his  opinion,  and  according  to  his 
interpretation  of  the  law.  The  cen- 
sures to  which  laymen  were  subject 
were,  with  the  solitary  exception  of 
heresy,  admonition  or  corporal  pe- 
nance onlv.  By  the  strict  canon 
laws  the  judge  was  forbidden  to  impose 
a  pecuniary  fine  for  a  spiritual  offence, 
or  commute  a  sin  for  the  imyment  of 
a  sum  of  money.  Sometning  of  this 
kind  would  appear  to  have  been  done 
in  Saxon  times,*  and  the  custom 
certainly  prevailed  in  this  country  for 
a  long  period  after  the  establish- 
ment of  the  ecclesiastical  courts,  and 
the  permanent  introduction  of  the  laws 
of  Rome.  The  Church,  however,  at 
all  times  properly  and  consistently 
disapproved  of  the  practice,  though 
recognized  and  declared  legal  by  the 
common  law  under  certain  regulations. 

Pope  Alexander  III.  prohibited  such 
a  practice  in  a  rescript  to  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  on  the  latter 
having  informed  him  that  the  arch- 
deacons of  the  diocese  of  Coventry 
within  his  province  were  accustomed 
to  exact  "panam  ptcuniariam"  from 
clerks  and  laymen  for  their  crimes  and 
excesses,  and  he  directs  him  to  compel 
^e  observance  of  his  injunction  by 
the  censures  of  the  Church.f 

The  ctrcttnupec/e  agatiB  of  Edward  I. 
approves  of  this  custom  of  inflicting  a 
pecuniary  punishment,  but  makes  this 
distinction,  that  a  plea  of  the  nature 
before  referred  to  shall  be  allowed  in 
the  court  Christian  only,  "  dummodo 
ad  correeiionem  peecati  agatur,  et  wm 
petalur  pecunia."  The  meaning  of 
this  is  that  the  action  shall  be  insti- 
tuted against  the  offender  for  penance 
on  the  suggestion  of  an  alleged  breach 
of  good  morals,  and  not  for  the  re- 
covery of  damages  for  a  loss  sustained 
owing  to  the  conduct  of  the  defendant 
as  in  the  case  of  defamation. 

This  famous  statute,  with  a  sense 
of  even-handed  justice  which  would 

4.  Ayliffe*«  Parergon,  Lend.  1734,  p. 
238. 

*  I  allude  to  the  lecherwite  orlegergeld. 
Gen.  IntrodactioD  to  Domesday,  pp.  154, 
158.     Godolf.  c.  34,  $  11. 

t  Decret.  Greg.  9,  lib.  5,  tit  37,  c.  3. 


find  warm  admirers  in  a  slave  state 
of  modern  times,  recommends  that 
penance  shall  be  commuted  in  all  cases, 
"  si  convictus  fuerit  hujusmodi  liber 
howu>"  The  remarks  of  the  learned 
commentator  Lyndwoode  evince  a 
rational  disgust  at  the  subject  of  his 
gloss.  Commutation  of  penance  was 
also  approved  of  by  the  Articuli  Cleri. 
9£dw.  II.  c.  4. 

There  were,  moreover,  causes  of 
office  instituted  against  the  parish- 
ioners or  churchwardens  of  a  parish, 
for  neglecting  to  repair  a  church,  and 
supply  it  with  the  requisites  for  divine 
service,  or  for  not  walling  or  fencing- 
in  the  churchyard,  Acc.^ 

Suits  for  heresy,  or  rather,  as  they 
were  always  termed,  for  heretical  de- 
pravity, {cau9€e  herttictt  pravitatis,) 
were  never  instituted  in  the  Court  of 
Bishop  before  2  Hen.  IV.  c.  15.  Be- 
fore that  statute  was  passed  it  was 
required  that  the  convention  should 
take  place  at  a  general  convocation  of 
the  whole  province.§  In  regard  to  this 
proceeding  a  common  error  prevails 
that  the  mere  expression  of  an  heretical 
or  schismatlcal  opinion,  or  the  per- 
formance of  any  act  bearing  that  neces- 
sary construction,  made  the  offender 
liable  to  the  extreme  censure  of  the 
law.  But  this  was  not  the  case,  for 
if  tlie  party  confessed  the  crime  ob- 
jected to  him,  and  signed  and  read  his 
recantation,  he  was  dismissed,  after 
admonition,  ex  debito  justitise.  It  was 
only  in  the  case  of  the  firm  or  obstinate 
heretic  who  eoninmaciouily  adhered  to 
his  erroneous  sentiments,  and  con- 
sequently refused  to  recant,  that  the 
ecclesiastical  judge  was  compelled  to 
ceKify  that  circumstance  to  the  sheriff 
in  whose  hands  the  execution  of  the 
law  remained.  The  sentence  of  the 
court  merely  found  him  guilty  of  the 
crime,  and  delivered  him  over  to  the 
secular  arm.  It  prescribed  no  form  or 
modification  of  punishment,  and  the 
guilt  or  responsibility  would  rest  with 
the  lay  officers  of  uie  crown,  who, 
however,  only  obeyed  the  directions  of 
the  common  law,  in  burning  the  con- 
victed person.  II 

(  A7liffe*8  Parergon,  p.  238. 

$  Bracton  de  Corona,  lih.  3,  c.  9,  fo.  1 24. 
Edit.  Tottell,  1569. 

I  A  deacon  was  convicted  of  apostasy, 
*'pro    uftdam  Judea,"  at   the  oouiidl 


1844.] 


Rise  and  Progress  of  the  Ecclesiasttcaf  Courti* 


143 


I 


I 


The  next  and  most  important  de- 
partment consists  of  civil  causes.  And 
these  may  be  classed  as  pccuniar^^ 
matrimonial,  and  testamentary.  The 
first  subdivision  comprises  suits  for 
church  rate,  tithes^  and  for  the  sub- 
traction of  any  fee  or  property  belong- 
ing to  theChtirch/for  which  no  action 
would  lie  at  common  law.*  The 
matrimonial  suits  arc  subdivided  in 
the  following  manner,  according  to 
the  difference  of  the  remedy  sought  by 
the  applicant :  divorce  or  separation,  a 
mensa  et  toro,  on  the  ground  of  cruelty 
or  adultery  on  the  part  either  of  the 
husband  or  the  wife ;  the  restitution  of 
conjugal  rights  where  the  one  of  thcra 
has  causelessly  abandoned  the  other  ; 
aodj  lastly,  questions  regarding  the 
nullity  of  the  contract*  by  reason 
of  an  impeditive  physical  or  civil 
cause. 

The  testamentary  jurisdiction  of  the 
Church  may  be  classed  under  two 
heads,  viz,  the  enterlainment  of  suits 
ill  respect  of  last  wills,  which  is  tech- 
nically denominated  the  "  probaiio 
Mlemnis  per  tesfen,**  and  for  the  re- 
covery of  legacies  of  personal  estate  ; 
and  secnndly,  the  power  of  granting 
probate  of  a  will  in  common  form  to 
an  executor,  and  letters  of  adminis- 
tration of  the  goods  of  an  intestate  to 
the  next  of  kin> 

With  regard  to  the  first-mentioned 
division  of  the  testamentary  jurisdic- 
tion, there  is  no  doubt  but  tt  was  in- 
troduced with  the  other  departments 
of  the  ecclesiastical  law  at  the  epoch 
ot  the  Conqueror's  statute^  and  was 
not  assumed  by  the  English  Church  at 
a  lubsequent  period,  as  the  other 
division  certainly  was.f  But  for  a 
further  illustration  of  this  subject  I 
beg  to  refer  the  indulgent  reader  to 
some  articles  inserted  a  few  years  back 
in  this  Magazine,  in  which  I  gave 
an  analysis  of  the  particular  circum- 
stances,   accompanying  the   rise  and 

eelebr&ted  by  Stephen  Laagton,  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury  I  and^  a(ter  having 
been  degraded  by  his  own  bishop,  **  statim 
fuit  i|^ai  traditus  per  manum  lajcalem." 

•  Godolph.  edit.  1G7H,  London,  C*  40, 
p.  r.G2. 

t  Gtanville,  Tractatus  de  Lcgibus  ct 
Cnusuelndinibiis  regwi  Angliic,  edit. 
1604»  lib.  7,  c,  «.  Braclon,  lik  ^, 
c,  !2tj.  Eilit.  TottcH,  irm,  Fleta,  lib. 
3,e.  f.7. 


de  veto  pern  en  t    of    the    Testamentary 

Jurisdiction.^ 

There  is,  however,  a  branch  of  prac- 
tice connected  with  the  leatamentary 
jurisdiction  not  mentioned  in  those 
articles,  and  the  existence  of  which 
can  he  clearly  demonstrated,  but  would 
Ficarcely  be  suspected  by  the  modern 
reader/  It  is  the  recovery  of  debta 
on  certain  occasions.  For  a  long 
period  actions  of  this  nature  were 
instituted  nnlciy  in  the  Ecclesiastical 
Courts  whenever  the  debt  in  question 
formed  part  of  the  estate  of  a  deceased 
persoUjOrwhen,  on  thecontrary,  it  con* 
stituted  a  charge  upon  it,  being  in  the 
one  case  at  the  suit  of  the  executor  or 
administrator,  and  in  the  other  of  a 
creditor  of  the  deceased.  It  was  com- 
pulsory on  the  former  to  com  mence  pro* 
cecdings  for  this  purpose  in  the  spiritual 
courts,  as  it  was  at  the  same  time  equally 
incumbent  upon  him  to  submit  to  them 
if  brought  against  himself  by  a  creditor, 
without  either  party  being  permitted 
to  invoke  the  aid  or  interference  of  the 
secular  courts  in  the  shape  of  a  pro- 
hibition. 

It  will  lessen  our  surprise  that  the 
Church  should  have  once  asserted  the 
cognizance  of  debts,  if  w^e  consider  the 
fact  that,  in  the  early  age  of  the  eccle- 
siastical jurisdiction, unless  the  executor 
had  recourse  to  the  Court  Christian  he 
would  have  no  means  whatever  of  re- 
covering any  debt  due  to  his  testator. 
For  the  common  law  at  first  gave  to 
him,  qua  executor,  no  remedy  at  alL 
The  character  of  executor,  either  testa- 
mentary or  dative,  was  unknown  to 
our  municipal  law,  and  he  could  there- 
fore have  00  persona  standi  in  its  courts* 
One  was  the  creation,  as  the  other  was 
the  eltve  and  foster  child,  of  the  canon 
law. 

Before  the  jurisdiction  was  narrowed 
by  the  encroachments  of  the  common 
law,  the  ecclesiastical  tnbuDals,  as 
having  the  entire  and  unlimited  ad- 
ministration of  a  deceased's  personal 
estate,  necessarily,  and  without  in- 
fringement on  the  rights  of  the  latter, 
embraced  certain  questions  of  debt ; 
for  without  them  they  could  scarcely 
be  said  to  afford  to  suitors  that  effective 


X  See  the  nmnbers  for  April  wad  May 
\H?.9f  and  December  1H;I!),  on  the  TciiLa* 
ttientary  Jurifldiction  of  th«  EcclcsiaKticiul 
Courts,  and  the  Archbishop's  Prerogative, 


144 


RUe  Mi  Progren  of  the  ScdetioHieid  QmrU.         [fek 


relief  which  had  been  contemplated  by 
the  legislature,  when  it  assigBed  the 
testamentary  jurisdiction  into  the  hands 
of  the  Church.  This  power  belonged 
to  the  Ecclesiastical  Conrts  by  a  fair 
conttmction  of  the  original  provisions 
of  Magna  Charta. 

Bat  the  institution  of  an  action  of 
this  nature,  generally  and  irrespect- 
Wely  of  the  administration  of  a  «fe- 
aoMed't  estate,  was  invariably  and 
upon  all  occasions  discountenanced  by 
the  common-law  judges,  as  trenching 
too  largely  on  their  exclusive  province, 
without,  as  they  might  consider,  a 
sofficient  shew  of  reason  or  practical 
utility  for  the  attempted  usurpation. 
The  damages,  which  the  jealousv  of 
those  conrts  in  a  case  of  this  kind 
constantly  awarded  to  the  individual 
who  from  being  the  defendant  in  the 
preceding  action  had  now  changed 
sides  and  become  himself  the  plaintiff 
by  obtaining  the  writ  of  prohibition, 
furnished  a  discomfited  litigant  with 
•nch  ample  means  of  retaliating  upon 
his  hitherto  victorious  adversary,  that 
we  can  hardly  wonder  at  the  frequency 
of  the  applications,  sometimes  just,  and 
more  often  the  reverse,  which  appear 
inthecommon- law  records  of  the  times. 

In  these  cases  the  prohibition  was 
granted  on  the  suggestion  that  the  suit 
entertained  in  the  Ecclesiastical  Court 
was  concerning  chattels  which  do  not 
relate  to  a  will  or  marriage.* 

A  distinction  was  subsequently  in- 
troduced which  allowed  a  debtor  to 
sue  tn  foro  eccleria$tico  under  certain 
circumstances  only,  notwithstanding 
his  debt  might  rank  under  the  general 
definition  twfore  given. 

The  earliest  author  in  whose  pages 
we  find  an  enumeration  of  these  re- 
stricted  cases  is  FIcta.  He  nays,  "A 
testator  cannot  by  his  will  dispose  of 
his  actions  for  debt  upon  which  he 
bad  not  obtained  judgment  in  his  life- 
time. If,  however,  he  had  so  obtained 
Judgment  on  them,  they  are  to  be  con- 
sidered ta  bom$  tntatoris,  and  belong 
to  the  executors  in  foro  ifcrlwaMiiro, 
The  mere  right  of  action  he  has  no 
powerto dispose  of,  and  it  consenuentlv 
accrues  to  tne  next  of  kin,  to  wliom  it 


*  Abbreviatio  Pladtomm,  vol.  V.  p. 
107.  25  Hen.  III. and iMMtlm.  ••CatdU 
quK  non  sunt  de  testamento  vel  matri- 
monio.** 

4 


is  competent  to  institute  the  neeetaary 
proceedings  in  foro  »eemUn."f 

This  refinement  appears  to  have 
been  the  prelude  to  the  decline  and 
extinction  of  this  portion  of  the  juris- 
diction of  the  Church. 

The  following  are  a  few  instaoces 
shewing  the  exercise  of  thisjurisdictkm 
at  an  early  period.  In  28  Hen.  III. 
the  ofilcial  of  Exeter  cited  the  abbot 
of  Forde  as  the  executor  of  Robert  de 
Courtenay,  aneiaritaie  orHmrim,  into 
his  court  to  answer  to  certain  creditors 
of  that  deceased.  The  King  thereupoa 
prohibited  the  ofilcial  from  compeUiug 
the  abbot  "ad  reddendum  aliia  cre- 
ditoribus  debita  quae  debuit,"  until  he 
should  have  made  payment  of  a  debt 
which  the  deceased  owed  to  tiie  king 
himself.  The  writ  adds,  "  nisi  con- 
stiterit  quod  catalla  prcdicti  Roberti» 
quae  sunt  praedicto  abbati,  satisfadant 
ad  solutionem  aliorum  et  nostrorum."{ 

In  43  Hen.  III.  a  like  pro^bition 
issued  against  the  archdeacon  and 
ofilcial  of  York,  "  ne  fratrem  Gilbertnm 
de  Leyscton  monachum  et  alios  ex- 
ecu  tores  testamenti  WalterideLeyseloa 
quondam  vicecomitis  Lincoiniss,  vexent 
occasione  bonorum  dicti  Wiilielmr, 
neque  de  eisdem  bonis  placitum  in  curia 
Christianitatis  teneant  (joonsque  per 
ipsos  executorcs  regi  fuerit  satiaiactum 
de  debitis  ^use  regi  dcbuit."$ 

This  jurisdiction  endured  for  some 
time ;  for  we  find  in  1319«  in  the 
articles  of  agreement  between  the 
archbishop  of  Canterbury  and  the 
bishop  of  Lincoln,  that  it  still  existed 
as  an  essential  and  ordinary  incideut 


t  Fleta,  lit. «,  c.  57,  p.  136,  edit.  168*. 
Testator  autem  actiones  suas  legare  noa 
potest,  eo  qaod  actiones  debitoirom  noa 
fuerint  cognitae  neqoe  convietaB  in  vitA 
testatoris,  sed  hujusmodi  actiones  com- 
petuDt  haeredibus.  Cum  autem  convicte 
fuerint,  vel  recognitae,  tunc  sunt  quasi  la 
bonis  testatoris,  et  competunt  execatorihos 
in  foro  ecclesiastico.  Si  autem  oompetant 
luefedibns,  at  praedictum  est,  in  fiiro 
seculari  debent  terminari,  quia  aataquaa 
convincantur  et  in  foro  debito,  non  per- 
tfaiet  ad  executores,  ut  in  foro  ecdeslasrifo 
convincantur. 

X  Madox*s  History  and  Antiouities  of 
the  Exchequer  of  the  Kings  of  Englaadv 
edit.  17 11 ,  p.  663.  (Ex  memor.  S8  Hen. 
in.  Rot.  4  b.  chap.  S3.) 

I  lb.  Ex  memor.  43  Hen.  IIL  BoC 
14  a. 


1844.]  RUe  and  Profftess  of  ike  Ecckswikal  Courts, 


145 


of  the  general  ecclesiastical  judicature. 
ITic  bishop  of  Lincoln  asserted  a  claim 
for  "cognicjoncs  causarum  rjuae  per 
creditorcs  vel  legatarios,  vel  quos* 
cunque  alius  qucretantes  contra  execu^ 
/or«yj  testa  men  to  rum  htijusmodi  pro 
bonis  pnccipue  hujasmodi  decedeDttum 
in  sua  civitatc  vel  diocesi  exist- 
entibus/'* 

But  the  exclusion  of  the  testamentary 
executor  from  the  common -law  courta 
began  at  length  to  be  gradual  I  jr  re- 
laxed. In  Fleta'ft  time,  (viz.  probably 
about  the  begioniog  of  the  reign  of 
Edw.  III.)  his  representative  character 
had  already  been  recognized  there  in 
some  instances.  He  says,  **  Per- 
missum  est  tamen  quod  executores 
agant  ad  solutionem  in  foro  seculari 
aliquando/' 

But  even  when  the  immediate 
executor  was  placed  on  the  fiame  foot- 
ing that  he  stands  on  at  the  present 
time,  the  executor  of  an  executor  was 
not  permitted  to  sue  or  be  sued  in  the 
King's  court,  until  1352.  (23Edw,  tlL) 
The  latter  was  then  put  in  a  similar 
position  in  regard  to  all  questions 
concerning  the  estate  of  the  remote 
testator.  And  in  1357,  (31  Edw.III.) 
the  administrator  or  executor  dative 
had  the  same  advantages  and  re- 
sponsibilities "en  la  Court  h  Roi*' 
extended  to  him  also. 

After  these  enactments,  it  appears 
to  have  become  a  rule  of  law  that  the 
Ecclesiastical  Court  should  not  try  a 
debt  of  any  nature,  and  that,  as  the 
subject  could  obtain  his  remedy  at 
common  law.  he  had  therefore  no  right 
to  proceed  for  relief  in  the  ecclesiastical 
forum;  andj  accordingly,  prohibitions 
were  awarded  on  that  auggestton  alone 
without  any  further  question  or  demur. 

But  even  so  late  as  the  reign  of 
Henry  V.  we  find  by  a  complaint  of 
the  Commonsj  that  the  Ecclesiastical 
Court  still  endeavouiC'd  as  of  old  to 
exercise  this  partial  sort  of  jurisdiction 
over  matters  of  debt,  though  scarcely 
with  the  good  will  or  for  the  benefit 
of  the  nation,  if  wc  may  give  full 
credence  to  the  querulous  statements 
of  its  representatives  in  parliament. 

The  consistent  and  persevering 
practice,  however,  which  this  petiiiou 
shews,  may  lead  one  to  suppose  that 
flic  Ecclesiastical  Courts  were  not  at 
all  willing  to  relinquiah  this  branch  of 

•  Se«  No.  for  December  1839. 
GifiT.  Mao,  Vol.  XXI, 


their  ancient  judicature,  nor,  as  long 
as  resistance  could  avail,  to  succumb 
to  the  attacks  of  their  common-law 
rivals  on  a  point  of  authoritVr  which 
they  had  in  former  ages  possessed  in 
perfect  and  unmolested  tranquillity, 
as  an  undoubted  incident  of  their  ad- 
ministrative power  ;  and  which,  though 
gradaally  overruled  by  their  opponents, 
had  never  been  expressly  repealed  by 
an  act  of  the  legislature. 

The  petition  or  bill  to  which  I 
allude  was  presented  by  the  Commons 
in  the  second  year  of  the  reign  of 
Henry  the  Vth.  (1414.)  and  seta  forth, 
that  *'  diverse  liege  subjects  of  the  king 
ore  from  day  to  day  cited  into  the 
Courts  Christian,  to  answer  to  divers 
persons  as  well  of  things  touching 
frank  tenement,  debt,  trespass,  cove- 
nant, and  others  of  which  the  co- 
nusance belongs  to  the  courts  of  the 
King,  as  of  matrimony  and  testament/^ 

«cc.t 

This  jurisdiction  appears  to  have 
soon  after  died  a  natural  death,  for 
in  1443,  (vir.  thedateof  the  commission 
of  Alexander  ProwettJ  we  find  no  re* 
ference  whatever  made  to  it. J 

On  the  Continent,  the  authority  of 
the  Ecclesiastical  Court  was  made 
ancillary  to  the  recovery  of  an  ordi- 
nary debt,  in  a  manner  which  does 
not  appear  at  any  lime  to  have  been 
ventured  upon  in  this  country*  On 
the  neglect  or  refusal  of  the  debtor  to 
satisfy  the  demand  of  his  creditor,  the 
latter  applied  to  the  court  of  the 
bishop  of  the  diocese,  who  forthwith 
entertained  the  suit  on  a  new  and 
entirely  ciifferent  principle,  viz.  by 
viewing  the  nor>payment  of  the  debt  in 
the  light  of  a  conatruclive  breach  of 
conscience  or  morality ♦  The  court 
accordingly,  considering  its  jurisdic- 
tion well  founded  on  this  latter  ground, 

t  Rotuli  Parlittttient.  toL  IV.  p.  IS, 
No*  5.  '*  Item  priont  les  communes  q' 
come  divcrses  lieges  n'rc  S'r  le  Uoi  sont 
citees  de  jour  en  autre  d'apparoir  en 
Court  ChriBtienne  dc¥ttunt  joges  espiri- 
tueux,  ay  respondre  as  diversea  persones 
si  bien  dca  cbosca  q'  touchant  franc 
tenement,  dctte,  trespasses,  covenaunts 
ct  autresdcsqutniela  conusance  app*tieiit 
al  court  n're  S'r  le  Roi,  come  dc  matri- 
monie  et  tcituineiit  ct  quand  tieux 
personcs  iisiot  dteea  nppicrgent  ct  de- 
mondent  on  libel  de  ceo  que  lacr  est 
eurmys/*  9iC,  ike. 

1  Sec  No.  for  Pccember  1839, 
U 


146 


Riti  and  Progresi  of  the  Eccksiaslieal  Courts. 


[Feb. 


first  monished  the  debtor  to  comply 
with  the  demand  in  question,  if  justice 
required  it,  and  on  his  contumaciously 
persisting  in  his  former  refusal,  pro- 
ceeded to  fulminate  its  spiritual  terrors 
in  the  usual  manner  upon  the  recusant, 
who  would  without  further  question, 
after  the  lapse  of  forty  days  from  the 
sentence  of  excommunication,  be  at- 
tacked by  the  powers  of  the  secular 
arm,  and  detained  in  confinement 
until  his  contempt  were  fully  absolved, 
which  could  only  be  accomplished  by 
means  of  the  due  discharge  of  the 
principal  claim  and  all  its  conse- 
quential expenses.* 

We  have  no  evidence  to  shew  that 
this  side  way  of  prosecuting  an  in- 
dividual in  the  Ecclesiastical  Court, 
for  a  debt  of  a  purely  secular  nature, 
ever  prevailed,  or  was  even  attempted 
in  this  country. 

Yet  a  nearly  analogous  process  was 
certainly  established  here,  by  which 
the  performance  of  a  sworn  contract  or 
any  engagement  that  one  of  the  parties 
had  omitted  to  fulfil  was  compelled 
under  the  form  of  a  suit  for  perjury 
or  keiio  Jidei,  ostensibly  instituted  for 
the  moral  punishment  only  of  the 
ofiender. 

Much  of  the  equity  of  the  modern 
Court  of  Chancery  was  at  first  ad- 
ministered by  the  ecclesiastical  consis- 
tories, and  in  many  cases  it  should 
seem  to  have  been  not  merely  the 
result  of  a  concurrency  of  jurisdiction, 
but  to  have  been  the  subject  matter 
of  the  ecclesiastical  tribunal  alone,  the 
equity  of  which  was  then  of  a  wider 
range,  and  of  more  extended  powers, 
than  it  has  now  long  since  possessed 
or  asserted. 

In  the  infancy  of  the  Court  of 
Chancery,  a  complete  equitable  juris- 
diction upon  a  variety  of  matters  was, 
for  want  of  an  opposing  claimant. 
Tested  in  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts, 
from  which,  on  the  rise  of  the  former 
into  more  general  power  and  utility, 
it  was  at  length  transferred,  until  in 
modern  times  but  scanty  traces  of  it 
are  found  to  exist. 


*  Dticsnge,  sub  voce  Excommun.  &c. 
Decret.  Greg.  9,  lib.  9,  tit.  3,  c.  24. 
Ad  surei  nostras  ])erveniite  novens  quod 
cnm  C.  de  Senevilla  propter  pecuniain 
quam  debebat  vincalo  fnisset  excommnni- 
cationia  adstrictus,  creditoribus  satis- 
feccrit/'  «tc.  &c. 


The  term  liBsio  fldei,  the  foundation 
upon  which  this  ample  jurisdiction 
reposed,  was  sufficiently  comprehensive 
to  embrace  all  breaches  of  conscience, 
which,  accordingly,  of  whatever  quality 
or  degree  they  might  be,  were  com- 
bated  or  relieved  by  the  equity  of  the 
Courts  Christian. 

The  necessity  for  the  existence  of 
such  a  tribunal  will  require  no  apology 
in  these  days,  when  it  is  so  well 
known  that  the  common  law,  from  its 
more  confined  and  literal  character, 
has  neither  the  power  nor  the  incli- 
nation in  many  cases  to  afford  to  the 
suitor  a  due  remedy  for  his  grievance. 

The  ecclesiastical  judge,  therefore, 
claimed  a  jurisdiction  in  all  cases  of 
oath  and  solemn  promise,  or  what 
in  common  equity  assimilates  thereto, 
viz.  a  promise  or  agreement  of  any 
nature  obtained  without  fraud  or  force, 
and  resting  on  mutually  fair  and  just 
considerations. 

Lyndewode  gives  us  a  lucid  state- 
ment of  the  mode  of  proceeding  in 
this  cause  of  Unto  fldei,  in  order  to 
avoid  the  obstacle  of  prohibitions 
which  in  his  time  had  begun  to  at* 
sail  it. 

A.  libels  against  B.  that  the  latter 
by  interposition  of  his  faith,  or  by 
his  oath  in  some  other  manner,  pro- 
mised and  bound  himself  to  A.,  that 
on  such  a  day  he  would  pay,  Ace.; 
but  afterwards,  minu$  canonice,  refused 
to  fulfil  his  promise,  in  violation  of 
his  oath,  which,  by  the  divine  and 
canon  laws  he  is  bound  to  perform, 
under  pain  of  mortal  sin ;  wherefore 
the  complainant  prays  that,  on  proof 
of  the  fact,  the  judge  will  decree  and 
compel  the  defendant  to  observe  hia 
promise  and  engagement,  by  means  of 
canonical  censures. f 

By  this  method  of  proceeding,  the 
complainant  not  only  procured  the 
infliction  of  a  suitable  penance  upon 
his  opponent  for  the  sin  which  he  had 
committed,  but  also  obtained  a  civil  re- 
medy of  a  more  gratifying  kind,  in  the 


t  Lindwood,  lib.  5,  tit.  15,  De  poenia. 
It  was  sometimes  called  fidei  transgressio 
(id.)  and  also  interpositio  fidei.  Docange, 
sub  voce  "  Curia  Chriscianitatis.*'  Where 
an  oath  had  been  Uken  by  the  defendant, 
the  cause  was  more  properly  styled  one 
of  perjury,  but  the  terms  were  frequently, 
if  not  generally,  confounded. 


)844.]  Rite  end  Progreta  of  the  EccleiiatHcal  Courlt. 


147 


I 

I 


I 


computsory  fulfilment  of  his  promise  or 
obligiitioo,  satiefaction  of  the  wrong 
beiDg,  accordiog  to  the  canoos^  a  ne- 
cessary and  essential  accompaniment 
of  penance.  On  this  broad  saggesttoo 
of  breach  of  faithi  the  ecclesiastical 
judge  also  exercised  the  power  of  re- 
vising all  tinconscionabie  contracta 
and  transactions,  although  otherwise 
in  no  way  connected  with  the  juria- 
diction  of  the  Church.* 

We  have  a  record  of  a  suit  of  this 
kind  which  occurred  in  the  second 
year  of  the  reign  of  King  John.  The 
circumstances  which  attended  it  were 
as  follows  : — Eborard  of  Binctnc  hav- 
ing made  an  extortionate  bargain^  or 
rather  an  unfair  exchange  of  an  estate 
with  his  brother  Herbert,  the  tatter, 
on  discovering  the  cheat,  forthwith 
instituted  a  suit  pro  leesiom  Jidei  in 
the  Court  Christian,  to  compel  a  re- 
storation of  the  land  in  question,  or 
at  least  to  recover  a  fair  and  equitable 
compensation  for  it.  Though  the 
other  party  obtained  a  prohibition  on 
the  uaual  suggestion  that  the  Eccle- 
siastical Court  had  to  his  prejudice 
entertained  a  suit  *' de  laico  ftodo 
suo,**  the  courts  of  common  law  re- 
fused to  interfere,  and  the  suit  in  the 
Ecctesiaaticat  Court  was  allowed  to 
proceed  without  further  interrnption 
or  cessation. t 

In  the  same  manner  in  the  25th  year 
of  the  reign  of  Henry  the  Third,  Adam 
of  Kaokeberg  impleaded  in  the  Court 
Christian  William  the  chaplain  of 
Newton,  on  the  g^round  of  his  having 
violated  a  certain  composition  or 
agreement     formerly    made    between 


*  Thia  ■nit  to  obtdn  a  debt  was  after- 
ward i  totally  prohibited.  See  Year-book 
n  Edw.  IV.  ^i<J6,  Wright  p.  Wright 
(Gwillim  on  Tithea,  p.  Iti9)  :  **  If  I  owe 
one  10/.  and  swear  to  pay  him  by  s  certain 
dsy»  sQd  upon  thut  he  sues  me  in  the 
fpirilual  court  /wo  l^sione  JiHci,  a  pro- 
mbitiou  ttes,  for  he  may  have  sn  nctioa  of 
debt  Ai^iast  me  for  thi*  at  common  law.** 

t  Placit.  Abbrev.  Rot.  21,  2  Joban. 
**  Eborardas  de  Bine  trie  queritur  quod 
Herebcrtus  fniter  ejui  traxit  eum  in  pla- 
cttum  in  curia  Xianitatis  de  laico  feodo 
iuo  contra  prohibiciouem  ju«tic',  dtc. 
Herebertus  dicit  quod  implacitavit  eum 
super  Ue&ionem  fidei  sua:  de  quodam  ex- 
cambio  terrse  qoom  Eborardus  ei  ab«tulit. 
Dies  datus*  et  ioterim  remancat  placitum 
in  evia  Christianitatif/' 


them,  by  which  he,  the  plaintiff,  was 
damnified  to  the  extent  of  twenty 
marks.  This  suit,  the  precise  nature 
of  which  does  not  appear  beyond  the 
circumstance  of  its  being  with  a  view 
of  obtaining  a  compensation  for  da- 
mages, was  afterwards  prohibited  oa 
some  special  grounds,  and  an  action 
was  then  brought  by  the  chaplaia 
for  the  same  purpose  at  common 
law.  J 

This  leads  us  to  the  subject  of  a 
peculiarity  in  the  constitution  of  the 
Eccleiiastical  Courts,  which  deaervea 
a  few  observations  ;  viz.  their  liability 
to  be  corrected  by  prohibitions  from 
the  Court  of  Queen's  Bench,  on 
occasion  of  their  overstepping  the 
limits  of  the  jurisdiction  assigned  to 
them  by  law.  This  power  was  ex- 
pressly reserved  to  the  Crown  by  the 
ordinance  of  William  I.§ 

At  the  present  time  the  ecclesiastical 
and  secular  jurisdictions  so  well  un- 
derstand the  eitienl  of  their  respective 
provinces,  that  an  interference  of  the 
latter  with  the  former  is  of  extremely 
rare  occurrence.  But,  during  the 
early  period,  the  case  was  widely  dif- 
ferent. The  royal  prohibition  was 
then  a  necessary  and  wholesome  re- 
medy against  the  dangerous  capricea 
often  exhibited  by  the  Courts  Christian 
in  refining  on  the  broad  and  general 
principles  of  the  law  which  they  in- 
culcated. 

As  a  proof  that  almost  any  action 
may  be  construed  into  a  breach  of 
the'  morality  of  which  these  courts 
have  ever  been  the  authorized  guard- 
ians and  vindicators,  the  following 
fact  is  in  point:— In  7  Edward  1*  Ro- 
bert Pichcford,  who  had  previously 
failed  in  an  action  of  common  law, 
was  prompted  by  the  chagrin  and 
dissatisfaction  which  he  naturally  felt 
from  his  defeat,  to  adopt  the  ingcnioua 
proceeding  of  a  writ  for  defamation 
in  the  Ecclesiastical  Court  against 
the  majority  {plurimi)  of  the  jurora 
who  had  returned  the  verdict  which, 
in  his  opinion,  had  cast  a  slur  and 
reproach  upon  his  character.fi 

J  Placit,  Abbrev.  Rot.  14,  p.  108,  25 
Hen.  III. 

$  In  the  words  "  Nee  liiicus  homo 
alium  hominem  stno  justitia  cpisctipi  ad 
judiciam  addncat.** 

II  AbbnsT,  Placit.  Rot.  8,  p,S70.  **  Eos 


148 


Rise  and  Progress  of  the  Evclctiastical  CouriM* 


[Fdi. 


Wc  have  do  means  of  knowing 
whether  the  ecclesiastical  judge  would 
have  taken  the  same  view,  and  pro- 
malged  a  sentence  in  his  favour,  for 
all  further  proceedings  were  stopped 
at  an  early  stage  of  the  suit  by  a  pro- 
hibition,  and  an  action  at  common 
law  was  then  commenced  in  turn  by 
the  jurymen,  who  recovered  damages 
against  their  former  opponent.* 

But  the  facility  of  obtaining  pro- 
hibitions soon  became  the  source  of 
as  great  evils  as  that  provision  of  law 
was  itaelfintendcd  to  prevent,  exposing 
the  church  and  her  ministers  to  many 
inconveniences,  and  the  suitors  to 
much  injury.  This  was  the  result  of 
the  misrepresentation  or  falsehood  of 
the  suggestions  by  which  the  prohi- 
bitions were  obtained.  When  Hum- 
phrey the  Archdeacon  of  Dorset  (in  25 
Hen.  HI.),  cited  William  of  Ericville 
into  his  consistory  to  answer  a  charge 
of  adulterous  conversation,  the  latter 
contumaciously  absented  himself,  for 
which  the  ordinary  at  first  suspended 
him  ab  ingressu  eccle8ia^,  and  finally 
pronounced  a  sentence  of  excommuni- 
cation against  him.  But  the  delinquent 
was  able  for  a  time  to  elude  the  reach 
of  justice,  by  procuring  the  Arch- 
deacon to  be  prohibited  from  proceeding 
farther  in  the  suit,  on  the  pretext  that 
he  was  holding  a  plea  "  (ie  rapio  et 
de  pact  domini  rf git  fr acta.*' f 

Another  usual  pretence  on  the  part 
of  the  recusant,  when  a  suit  for  tithes 
had  been  instituted  in  the  Bishop 
Court  by  the  impoverished  incumbent, 
was  the  suggestion  that  the  ecclesias- 
tical ordinary  proceeded  "de  laico 
feodo,"  or  in  the  matter  of  a  lay  fief. 

In  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  the  pro- 
hibitions obtained  in  this  manner, 
from  their  number  and  frequency, 
trenched  on  the  autonomy  and  the 
general  spiritual  jurisdiction  of  the 
Church  so  materially  and  extensively, 
as  both  to  alarm  the  fears  and  excite 
the  indisnation  of  the  heads  of  the 
English  Church.  In  reality,  the  abuse 
had  increased  to  so  high  a  degree 
that  even  the  establishments  of  the 


implscitavit  pro  eo  quod  ipnum  difsms- 
verunt.*' 

•  Abbrev.  Plsclt.  Rot.  la  U\  dorsu,  VV* 
Hen.  HI. 

t  Abbrev.  Plscit,  Rot.  A,  p.  l(H>,  •! 
patHm,  for  limikr  loit«n€0«« 


consistories,  though  supported  oa  tlw 
basis  of  the  Conqueror's  ordinaBorp 
were  shaken  to  their  foandatioos*  mod 
their  very  existence  endangered. 

But,  fortunately  for  the  Chiircb»  the 
primacy  of  Canterbury  was  thcs 
wielded  by  a  prelate  of  stubborn  mod 
uncompromising  principles.  Bonllmce. 
the  archbishop,  was,  from  temper  mod 
constitution,  pre-emioently  adaptfd  to 
meet  the  turbulent  spirit  of  the  tio«. 
as  one  who  was  neither  disiocUocd 
nor  afraid  to  counteract  mn  evil  by  the 
application  of  a  remedy  equally  severe. 
In  1260  he  convened  a  provincimi 
synod,  at  which  the  general  grieraoces 
of  the  Church  were  fully  discussed. 
The  assembled  clergy,  urged  by  the 
example  of  their  resolute  metropolitmn, 
determined  on  a  penal  eoactaMOl, 
which,  to  modem  notions,  can  hardly 
appear  in  any  other  light  than  that  c^ 
extreme  temerity  or  arrogance :{  bnt» 
if  we  regard  the  fallen  and  desperate 
state  of  the  ecclesiastical  jurisdiction* 
it  was,  in  all  probability,  the  safest 
and  most  prudent  course  of  policy 
which  it  was  then  in  their  power  to 
adopt.  The  various  causes  in  whidi 
prohibitions  were  obtained  on  ficti- 
tious representations  and  snggestiona 
are  thus  enumerated  in  the  constita* 
tion  passed  at  this  council ;  viz.  the 
admission  of  clergymen  to  vacant 
churches  or  chapels;  the  institutioa 
of  rectors;  the  excommunication  or 
interdiction  of  the  clergy  by  their  pre- 
lates ;  the  dedication  of  churches;  the 
celebration  of  orders ;  questions  re- 
specting tithes,  oblations,  or  the 
boundaries  of  a  parish  ;  perjury,  trans- 
gression of  faith,  sacrilege,  the  viola- 
tion or  perturbation  of  the  liberties  of 
the  Church,  especially  of  those  which 
were  guaranteed  by  the  royal  charters ; 
personal  suits  or  actions  of  any  nature 
between  clerks  and  laymen,  llie  fines 
and  distresses  levied  upon  the  bishops, 
in  the  event  of  any  contumacy  or  de- 
fault of  their  inferior  clergy,  for  whoa 
the  law  considered  them  responsiUe, 
wound  up  this  series  of  complaints. 

The  antidote  to  all  these  evils,  pro- 
posed by  the  metropolitan  and  his  suf- 
uagans,  and  confirmed  by  the  repre- 
sentative body  of  the  provincial  clergy, 
was  as  harshas  the  necessities  of  the 
case  seemed  to  demand.    The  decrees 


t  Uttdwoode,  lib.  5»  c.  U.   PePtais, 


1844.]  Rise  and  Protjnss  of  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts, 


l'J*» 


of  Uic  council  commenced  by  providing 
that  thencefnrlb  no  archbishop,  bishop, 
or  olhor  prelate,  when  summoned  an 
merely  spiritual  matters,  should  attend 
or  obey  the  mandate  of  a  secalar 
judge,  to  whom  no  authority  was 
given  to  adjudicate  over  the  Lord's 
anointed.  But,  to  save  the  king's 
honour,  it  was  unanimouely  agreed 
that,  whenever  this  occurred,  the  pre- 
late who  was  moBt  intimately  con- 
cerned in  the  transaction  should  re- 
spectfully inrorni  the  King  in  writing 
tliat  he  could  not  consislenlly,  or 
without  danger  to  his  order,  obey  the 
mandate  which  had  issued  in  the  royal 
name. 

The  council  then  proceeded  to  make 
a  sharp  provision  against  another  evil 
of  a  glaring  and  oppressive  character, 
viz.  the  practice  of  giving  a  fictitious 
description  of  the  merits  of  a  fjuestion 
In  order  to  obtain  a  probibitiotu  **  If 
perchance  the  King  in  his  attach1Ilentf^, 
prohibitions,  or  writs  of  summons, 
bhall  have  made  mention,  not  of  tithes, 
fight   of  patronage,    belied    faith    or 

f)erjury,  but  of  chattels  ;  not  of  sacri- 
ege,  or  disturbance  of  the  liberties  of 
the  Church,  hut  of  trespasses  of  her 
dependants  and  bailiffs  (whose  correc- 
tion he  asserts  to  appertain  to  himselO, 
then  in  such  cases  the  aforesaid  pre* 
latea  fchall  intimate  to  him  that  the 
suita,  which  they  are  taking  cogni- 
zance of,  are  not  of  patronage,  chat- 
tels, or  matters  appertaining  to  his 
forum,  but  of  tithes,  sin,  and  other 
matters  merely  spiritual,  and  apper- 
taining to  their  office  and  jurisdiction, 
and  to  the  health  of  souls,  and  shall 
admonish  and  entreat  him  to  desist 
from  obstructing  them  in  the  pre- 
mises." 

The  bishop  whose  authority  had 
been  infringed  vras  required  by  the 
council  to  address  in  person  a  further 
admonition  to  the  monarch,  and,  if 
ihii  failed  of  its  proposed  effect,  the 
archbishop  of  the  province,  on  receiv- 
ing the  information  from  his  su^'ragan, 
with  the  ftsatstance  of  two  or  more 
other  bishops,  or  the  Bishop  of  Lon- 
don, with  a  like  number  of  his  brethren, 
fthould  visit  the  King  for  the  purpose 
of  giving  a  further  and  peremptory 
monition.  And  if  the  latter,  in  spite 
of  these  remonstrances,  still  persisted 
in  refusing  to  interfere  or  discharge 
the    attacbmeats   aod    process  com- 


plained of,  a  decree  of  excommunica- 
tion and  suspension  should  be  issued 
by  all  the  diocesans  in  whose  jurisdic- 
tion the  sheriffs,  by  whom  the  ob- 
noxious law  was  enforced,  should  re- 
side or  hold  prtjperty.  If  the  sheriffs 
persevered  in  their  course,  their  resi- 
dences and  estates  were  to  be  subjected 
to  a  strict  and  effective  interdict. 

Even  here  ecclesiastical  boldness 
did  not  slop.  In  conclusion,  the  coun- 
cil made  a  further  provision  in  case 
the  King  should  not  command  the  ob- 
no3(ioU5  process  to  be  stayed.  The 
bishops  and  clergy  at  large  were  di- 
rected to  lay  even  the  boroughs  and 
demesnes  of  majesty  itself  under  the 
same  extensive  sentence  ;  and^  if  this 
penultimate  proceeding  was  of  no  avail, 
all  the  dioceses  of  the  province  of  Can- 
terbury were  to  be  involved  in  one 
general  doom  of  excommunication. 

The  extraordinary  audecity  of  this 
synod  was  well  calculated  to  strike 
terror  and  dismay  into  the  heart  of  a 
very  large  portion  of  the  nation,  who 
saw,  in  a  suppression  of  the  rites  of 
religion,  the  hopes  of  Heaven,  held  out 
to  them  by  spiritual  aid,  entirely  an- 
nihilated for  an  indefinitive  period  of 
time  through  the  captious  quarrels  of 
the  lay  tribunals. 

Whatever  effect  the  decrees  of  this 
council  may  have  had  in  softening  or 
allaying  the  evil  complained  of,  it  is, 
nevertheless,  undoubtedly  true  that 
the  contest  for  jurisdiction  continued 
throughout  the  reigus  of  every  suc- 
ceeding monarch  until  the  time  of 
Charles  L  though  never  to  the  extent 
to  which  it  appears  to  have  been  car- 
ried during  the  period  I  have  before 
described.  For  the  disturbed  state  of 
the  kingdom  in  the  reign  of  Henry  HI, 
combined  with  his  own  imbecility  and 
want  of  energy,  had  produced  so  many 
abuses  in  the  general  practice  and  ad- 
ministration of  the  law,  that  the  easy 
and  groundless  procurement  of  pro- 
hibitions formed  but  an  item  in  a 
long  list,  although  its  effect  upon  the 
Church,  in  enabling  her  enemies  to 
evade  her  censures  or  openly  assault 
her  judicial  conslitution  with  perfect 
and  unlimited  impunit>%  w*as  in  the 
highest  degree  destructive  to  her  le- 
gitimate interest  and  powers. 
Dociora'  Commons.  H.  C.  C» 

{To  be  continued 0 


150 


OMMAMKSnAL  PLATE,   &C.  AT   OXXSAO  KAU^ 

{09mtmmei/r9m  p.  24  J 


A  browne  ciq>pwitkaeoTer  tndaahcr 


On  that  of  tlM  ereMl,  ti^  rii^t  ride  of 
tli6  chiiBBfy. 

A  fOaed  head  apQii  a  pedeatilL 

A  ng^vre  fnamridf  vpoo  a  pcdutilL 

A  rad  ladiaa  cm  with  a  eotor  aad 
Uaefcrim. 

A  aMther  of  peute  dicll  IB  a  riher  and 
gilt  Irme,  apoo  afigare. 

A  gilded  hone  ia  a  paciage  poataia. 

A  hlew  flower  pott  in  a  nlver  and  gilt 


A  gilded  hone  in  a  galloaing  poataie. 
A  BMfther  of  peaiie  ihell  in  a  illTer  and 
gOt  ftame,  noon  a  Ague. 

A  red  Indian  cap  with  a  oorer  and 

*-■--■  -•-■  ■ 
macK  fmu 

A  figaia  anatadd  apoo  a  pedertalL 

A  i^ded  head  apoa  a  pedeetall. 

On  tiiat  lide  right  againit  the  chimney. 
Ffrf  5  ihelfii  in  ecariett  ribbia,  and 
trimdwfthecaikttribbin.  OntheishelfB 
a  paiie  of  cryitall  balls,  etanding  npon 
tStftt  feet,  trimd  with  ecari^  libMn.  A 
inand  bon  gilt  widi  a  naggel*  in  7*  midle 
of  T*  eorer.  A  Utie  ahell  boze  for  amber, 
•et  and  enameld.  A  Chdaj  pott,  S  ihaUs 
of  each  aide,  under  the  ahalfe  an  engn^an 
ahea  of  mother  of  peaile,  wiOi  acarlet 
nbUn. 

On  the  Sd  ahelfe. 
A  ahdi  cap  engraven,  aet  in  aa&fer  and 
gUt  frame,  ia  j*  mid&e  ot  j*  corer  a  green 


with  a  tortoia-ahell  foot  and  ooYcr. 
agat  diah.    A  chymicaU  ball  of  i 
ailrer  boxe,  enamald,  for  perrome. 


A  paire  of  eriatall  bodea. 
An  amber  capp.    A  diriafeall  balL 
Two  gilt  boxes  with  agat  ootera. 
Under  tiw  Sd  abelfe  a  mother  of  pearia 
■hdl  angrafiB,  wiUi  acarlett  ribbin. 

OntiwSdahelfe. 

A  difliftaOl  ciqp  eografan»  tet  in  a  ilhrer 
ttd  gilt  frame. 

A  paire  of  eristaa  bodea  wiOiiaYer  and 
gilt  heads. 

An  agat  cap  with  aailTer  and  gilt  fraaae. 

A  ahell  boze  with  a  gilt  cover. 

An  agat  boze  with  a  cover. 

Under  the  ahelfe  a  mother  of  pearia 
ahdl  ennaTcn  with  8  meremaids,  wiUi 
Scarlett  mbin* 

Onthe4thshelfe. 
A  sheU  cap  engravea,  with  ivory  handka. 


botle for  perfanm  with  8  jointB.    Astone 
£ah  with  an  handk.    A  gOt  boie  with  att 

Under  thia  ahdfe  a  mo^er  of  pearie 
aheO,  eagnven,  widi  scariet  ribbin. 

On  tiM  5th  shdfe. 

Acristall  ball  iqMB  a  siher  foot,  tfed 
with  acarlet  ribbin. 

A  mother  of  pearie  boxe,  eagravan,  set 
in  aailver  frame. 

A  baU  of  glaaae  of  aeveraa  coloara. 

A  Chainy  pott  with  a  cover. 

3  christall  ovaUa. 

Under  thia  ahdfe  a  mother  of  pearie 
ahdl  widi  acariet  ribbin. 

On  that  aide  over  agalnat  the  windowcs 
hanging  7  ahelfes  in  scariett  ribbin,  and 
tiiauDed  witii  scaxlatt  ribbin. 

On  the  lat  ahelfe. 

A  ahell  eap,  silver  and  gOft  frasM,  foot 
and  cover,  an  agat  on  y*  cover. 

A  dtfiatall  ball  Wing  on  acarlet  ribbin. 

An  orall  christall  ball  lying  on  acariett 
ribbin. 

A  ahdl-qpoone,  silver  and  gilt  frame, 
foot  and  handle. 

3  agat  balls. 

On  the  2d  shalfe. 

A  mother  of  pearie  capi  rilvar  and  gilt 
frame. 

S  eriatall  balls  carred  npon  agat  pe- 
destalla. 

A  white  agat  diah  in  feahion  of  a  heart 
with  a  white  rock  in  it. 

An  amber  head  upon  an  ebone  pedestalL 

An  amber  ball  and  pedestalL 

OntiwSdshelfe. 

A  sheU  cap  engnvatti  set  In  a  aOvar  attd 
gilt  frame,  a  peace  of  oristall  vpon  y* 
cover. 

A  paire  of  oristall  botles. 

An  ivory  baakett  with  a  branch  of 
flowen  in  the  midat  of  it. 

An  amber  aand  boze,  and  an  amber 


*  Ansgate. 


One  litle  carved  atone. 
Under  this  shelfe  a  mother  of  pearie 
shell  engnrven,  trimmd  with  scariett  ribbin. 

On  the  4di  shdfe. 

A  shell  can  with  a  aQver  and  gOt  foot 
and  top,  a  red  atone  in  the  top. 

A  paire  of  chriatall  botlea,  an  ivory 
baakett  with  a  branch  of  flowen  apon  it. 

A  PartingaU  ring,  a  topas.  One  Ude 
carved  atone. 

Under  thia  ahelfe  a  mother  of  nearia 
cograren,  trimmd  with  scariett  ribbin* 


18440 


Omamenial  Platen  S(C*  at  Oxnmd  Halh 


151 


On  the  Sth  shelfe. 


A  ihell  standing  upon  a  nVitet  and  gilt 
foote,  y*  faushion  of  a  inakc. 

An  igat  cup  with  a  litle  cmtall  ball  tn 
it. 

An  agat  botle  for  perfumes,  set  in  dlTCTr 
with  a  litle  silTer  chaine. 

The  model]  of  y«  Dnke  of  Florence 
diamond,  lyiog  upon  agat  pedestalL 

A  ehristall  bail  lying  upon  an  agat  pe- 
detteli. 

A  boxc  eograTea  with  the  armea  of  the 
Ikmily  upon  the  corer,  a  cristall  OTall 
IjiDf  npon  It. 

On  the  6th  ihelfe. 

Aa  irorj  wheele  ataDding  in  a  porch 
with  4  plllarti. 

An  agat  botle  for  perfame,  y*  stople 
hanging  in  a  chaine. 

A  sitTer  botle  for  perfume ^  with  6 
joiata. 

An  agate  cup.  A  gilded  boxe  with  a 
crixtall  cover  eograven* 

A  ^dtA  boie  with  an  agate  GOrer. 

On  the  7  th  ihelfe* 

An  ivory  cup  curiously  caired  and 
turned,  with  an  high  cover. 

A  mother  of  peorle  apoone  with  lilrcr 
and  gUt  handle. 

A  chmtaU  bail  cut,  lying  upon  tcarlett 
Hbbin. 

A  chriitall  boxe  with  3  stones  in  it. 

A  muak  diah  with  a  litle  ivory  8tagg*s 
head  in  it. 

A  cbrifltall  box  let  in  silver  and  gilt. 

A  litk  chriitall  ball. 

S  ahelfet  on  the  lefte  aide  of  the 
chimney,  hangijig,  and  trimmed  with 
tcarlett  nbbin. 

On  the  Irtahelfe, 

A  mother  of  pearlc  ghell,  y^  fashion  of 
a  boat^  atanding  upon  a  giber  and  gilt 
foot,  upheld  with  2  anchors ^  a  peice  of 
rocke  in  it* 

An  agite  cabin ett  in  a  Eilver  aud  gilt 
frame. 

Under  thii  shelfe  a  mother  of  pearle 
alicU  engraveD,  tnmed  with  fcarlct  rihbin. 

On  the  2d  shelfe. 

A  mother  of  i>e«rle  shell,  y*  fashioti  of 
ft  boat,  standing  upon  a  silver  and  gilt  foote 
upheld  with  2  aachort,  with  2  spoonea  in 
it,  om  chriitall  and  one  amber. 

An  amber  cjibinctt. 

Under  this  shelfe » a  mother  of  peark 
shell,  hanging  with  scarlett  ribbin. 

On  the  right  sldf  of  the  chimney,  2 
ahfcUeif  hangiog  and  trimd  with  scarlet 
ribbia. 


On  the  1st  shelfe. 

An  agat  cup  on  a  silver  and  gilt  foot, 
car^^ed  and  euameld. 

An  agat  botle  6 -square  for  perfume,  set 
in  an  enamdd  frame. 

An  agat  botle  for  perfume  3-squar*  ' 
engraven,  in  on  enameld  frame. 

A  ehristall  boxe  engraven,  S-square,  tet 
in  silver  and  gilt^  in  it  5  stones. 

A  little  cup^  enameld.  A  blew  Bton« 
boxe,  cutt,  in  sUver  and  gilt  frame. 

On  the  2d  ahetfe. 

A  gilt  cup  with  a  cristall  pillar,  a 
cristall  knob  on  the  cover,  with  3  chriitall 
halls  ia  it. 

A  cornelian  botle  for  perfume. 

An  enameld  hotle  for  perfume. 

A  garnet  cap,  gilt  with  gold. 

A  ehristall  flower -pot,  enameld  ^  and 
garnished  with  gold. 

A  ehristall  boxe. 

A  perticukr  of  the  Pictures  over  againil  \ 
the  doore. 

A  great  picture  of  Magdalen,  in  a  great 
carved  frame. 

3  letle  pictures  of  eftch  side,  6  in  all. 

Underneath  alim-pieture  with  2  ladies  \  ^ 
of  one  side  a  litle  ovalJ  picture  with  birds, 
on  the  other  side  an  ovall  picture  flowored  J 
with  roses. 

The  next  row  is  a  fine  llmd  picture  wit]|  J 
4  figures,  of  each  side  that  2  limd  pictorei  ' 
of  ^2  old  men. 

A  ehristall  looking  gloss  set  in  silver 
and  gilt,  enameld,  and  wrought  flowers. 

2  agates- heads  finely  carved,  with  16 
cornelian  heads  round  about  them. 

A  fiae  limd  picture  of  Andromeda 
chained  to  a  rock.  Of  each  side  of  it  the 
pictures  of  Sir  Robert  Pastoa*s*  and  hii 
ladies  in  limd,  with  gold  cases. 

A  fine  agat  with  2  black moores  heads 
cutt,  with  white  turbetts,!"  set  very  finely iE  ] 
gold,  enameld. 

The  King  of  France*  a  pic  tore  in  gold 
and  enameld. 

Under  Andromeda  my  ladies  Paston  i 
eldest  brother  picture  in  liming,^  done  by  ' 
Mr.  Cooper, 


*  Sir  Robert  Paston  here  mentioned  is 
apparently  the  same  who  was  created  Vis- 
count Yarmouth  in  16'73^  and  Earl  of  i 
Yarmouth  in  107.9,  and  died  in  1682.  The  I 
Inventory  was,  therefore,  probably  made 
before  the  first  date.  His  wife  was  Re- 
becca,  second  daughterof8ir  Jasper  Clay- 
ton, Knt.  of  Loudon. 

t  Turbans. 

i  i»  e,  my  Lady  Paston *s  eldest  brother, 
a  ClaytOD.  The  same  painting  is  after- 
wards referred  to  as  "my  Brother^s  pic- 
ture ;"  so  the  InTentory  secmx  to  hive  \ 


152 


Ornamental  Plate,  Sfc.  at  Oxnead  Hall. 


[Feb. 


Of  each  side  of  him  2  old  men  in  liming, 
one  of  them  in  a  gold  case,  the  other  in 
ebony. 

Next  2  boxes  of  mother  of  pearle  set  in 
silver  and  gold,  with  chaines,  and  upon 
the  lids  of  them  the  armes  of  the  family. 

2  Hmd  heads  of  each  side  of  the  boxes. 

Underneath  my  Brother's  picture,  a 
purple  stone  of  Sir  Fran.  Bacon  making 
set  in  silver  and  gilt ;  under  it  an  ovaU 
picture  in  water  colours. 

A  white  agat  head  set  in  enameld,  with 
a  litle  pearle  at  the  end  of  it. 
Under  one  shelfe. 

Sir  Robert  Paston^s  picture  in  waxe 
worke. 

Underneath  it,  an  enameld  case  with  a 
white  crosse. 

On  one  side,  an  enameld  picture  with 
flowers  in  an  ebony  frame. 

A  christall  picture  on  the  other  side, 
with  flowers  on  one  side,  and  a  head  on 
the  other. 

Under  that  a  long  chaine  curiously 
linked. 

Under  the  other  shelfe. 

A  limd  picture  of  an  old  man  in  an 
ebony  frame. 

On  one  side,  a  gold  case  enameld  with 
flowers. 

Under  it,  a  gold  case,  heart  fashion, 
enameld. 

On  the  other  side,  a  christall  case  with 
flowers  in  it. 

Under  that,  a  string  with  50  amber 
beads  on  it. 

Against  the  end  of  the  chimney. 

One  stone  picture  a*  top,  4  small  pic- 
tures below,  and  one  mother  of  pearle 
engraven. 

The  other  end  of  the  chimney. 

Three  litle  pictures,  one  stone  picture, 
one  Indian  Steele  looking  glasse. 

On  tlie  side  of  the  chimney,  St.  Paul's 
picture  in  a  great  frame. 

.'{ litle  pictures  on  each  side  of  St.  Paul. 

Under  it  a  stone  picture  with  the  armes 
of  the  family. 

On  that  side  of  the  clossct  over  against 

the  chimney. 
The  ladies  Paston  picture  in  an  ovall 
frame  in  oyle  colour,  done  by  Mr.  Lillie.* 
Under  that  Mr.  Paston's  t  picture  done 
in  krions. 


been  taken  by  Sir  Robert  Paston  himself. 
The  artist  was  no  doubt,  Samuel  Cooper, 
the  ctlebratcd  miniature  painter. 

*  No  doubt  Sir  Peter  Lely. 

f  •'  Nfr.  Paston,"  probably  William  the 
son  and  heir  of  Sir  Robert,  and  afterward! 
the  second  Earl  of  Yarmouth.    He  mar- 


Under  that  a  picture  of  flowers  in 
water  colours. 

A  picture  done  upon  beuer  of  Lott  and 
his  2  daughters. 

My  L**  Townsend's  t  picture,  done  by 
Mr.  Burrell. 

At  each  comer  2  of  the  evangelists. 
Under  them  2  litle  pictures  in  water 
colours. 

Under  my  L*"  Townsend,  17  great  agats, 
8  litle  agats,  and  8  blood  stones,  set  upon 
silver  and  gilt  plate,  with  a  carved  frame 
of  silver  and  gilt,  set  round  with  stones, 
a  piece  of  pearle  at  the  bottome,  and  5 
agats  on  the  top. 

On  each  side  on  y*  top  of  this,  2  lim 
pictures  in  ebony  frames. 

Under  one  of  y*  pictures,  a  cristall 
case  with  flowers,  under  that  an  irory 
head  carved ;  under  the  other  lim  picture, 
a  gold  case  enameld,  under  that,  a  chria- 
tdl  in  the  fashion  of  a  heart,  with  2 
pictures  in  it. 

S'  John  Clayton's  picture  in  an  ovall 
frame,  done  by  Wright. 

P.S.  I  forgot  to  sUte  that  the 
view  of  Oxnead  Hall  represents  the 
original  river  before  the  navigation 
was  made  (about  the  year  1772-5). 
The  Lady  Paston  used  to  enjoy  her- 
self in  a  boat  down  the  river ;  a  mile 
from  the  old  Hall  there  is  a  favourite 
spot  by  the  side  of  the  stream,  which 
is  still  called  the  Lady's  Bower. 

The  two  oaks,  shown  in  the  FlaDj 
are  about  ]  1  or  12  yards  apart. 

The  Banqueting- Room  was  one  of 
the  first  buildings  erected  with  Sash- 
windows.  About  the  same  time  sashes 
were  placed  in  the  windows  of  the 
Banqueting-house  of  Whitehall,  at 
Westminster,  instead  of  the  miinnions, 
(which  were  probably  also  of  wood,) 
in  the  form  of  a  plain  cross,  which 
existed  at  the  time  of  the  deca- 
pitation of  Charles  the  First,  and  ap- 
pear in  some  of  the  earliest  views. 
These  sashes  remained  at  Whitehall 
until  the  repairs  which  took  place  a 
few  years  ago.  They  were  made  of 
squared  pieces  of  oak,  some  inches 
wide,  with  beading  fixed  on. 

The  screen  of  the  old  Hall  at  Ox- 
nead, (now  in  the  stables,)  consisted  of 

ricd  the  Lady  Charlotte  Fitsroy,  one  of 
the  natural  daughters  of  King  Charles 
the  Second ;  but,  having  no  issue,  was  tlie 
last  of  his  ancient  race. 

X  Horatio,  first  Lord  Townshend, 
created  a  Baron  in  16(il ,  and  a  Viscount 
in  1682. 


1844.] 


W«l  HarVing  Church,  Norfolk, 


in 


fif^  segmental  archeB  supported  by 
octagon  columDs  of  oak.  wjth  Ionic 
capitals,  and  carviogs  of  horse's  and 
bull**  beads  on  the  spandrila  of  the 
arches,  with  the  arms  of  the  Pastons, 


Ma,  LJRBiiN, 

I  LATELY  visited  the  church  of 
Wcfct  Hading,  in  the  county  of  Nor- 
folk. It  has  been  very  judiciously  al- 
tered and  repaired  under  the  directioD, 
and,  I  believe,  at  the  sole  coat,  of 
the  Rector,  the  Rev.  C.  J.  Ridley. 
Amongst  other  improvements  he  has 
opened  the  east  window  of  the  chan- 
cel, and  converted  the  vault  of  the 
Croftes  family,  in  which  the  bodies 
were  roost  improperly  placed  on  the 
ground,  flush  with  the  Booring  of  the 
chancel,  into  a  vestry,  the  colBna  being, 
with   all   decent   care,  put  below  the 

Eavemeot,  and  the  coffin- plates,  which 
ad  become  loosened,  being  affixed  to 
the  wall,  immediately  over  the  respect- 
ive graves.  The  church,  with  its 
ivied  tower  and  surrounding  trees,  is 
a  picturesque  object.  The  following 
additions  to  Blomlield  may  he  worthy 
of  record.  He  notices  much  stained 
glass,  but  of  this  scarcely  a  vestige 
eiists.  The  foot,  which  seems  to  have 
escaped  his  observation,  is  octagonal, 
having  its  panels  ornamented  with 
alternate  shields  and  roses.  Below 
is  a  range  of  small  corbel  heads,  anid 
the  shaft  is  octagonal,  with  trefoil- 
tieaded  panelling. 

Against  the  south  wall  of  the  chan- 
cel is  a  mural  monument  of  white 
marble,  surmounted  by  a  bust  of  the 
deceased.  The  arms — a  fesa  between 
6  estoilcs.    The  inscriplioD 

Eicardo    Gipps 

Avunculo  sue 

Oulielmus  Croftes 

hoe  m  arm  or 

in  grati  animi  tea  ti  mo  alum 

pont  voluit, 

Posuit  Ricwdus  Galielmi  filius. 

The  inscriptions  on  the  coflSn-platet 
now  ia  the  vestry  are  as  follow : 

1.  Mary  Croftes 

relict  of 

William  Croftes,  Esq. 

Died  Not.   37,    1773. 

Aged  57  years. 

Gewt.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI, 


2,  Richard  Croftes, 

Esq. 

Diiid  Jnly  4, 

17W3, 

Aged  43  years* 

3*  William  Croftes, 

Esq. 
Died  14  Novemb. 

1770, 

In  the  60th  year 

of  hjt»  age. 

There  are  three  achievements*  now 
removed  into  the  vestry. 

1.  Quarterly,  1st  and  4th,  Or,  three 
bull's  heads  couped  sable.     CrQfUt, 

2.  Orp  a  lioD  rampant  sable«     Potey, 

3.  Azure  r  a  fess  between  six  estoiles 
or.     Gippa, 

On  an  eseotcheon  of  pretence,  Argenti 
a  deml-buck,  holdiag  an  arrow  galea. 
Dtcktr. 

The  achievemeat  of  Mary,  the  vife  of 
William  Croftes^  who  died  in  1772,  and 
daughter  of  Sir  Mathew  Decker,  Bart. 

II.  The  same  quarterly  coats,  with  the 
cscotchcon  of  pretence,  and  the  crc«l  of 
Crofter,  being  the  achievement  of  William 
Croftca* 

ni.  The  same  quarterly  coatH  with  the 
crest,  and  an  escotcheon  of  pretence 
hearing  Azure,  a  lion  rampant  argent, 
ducally  crowned  or.     DurrelL 

The  achievement  of  Richard  Croftes, 
who  died  in  U33, 

The  pedigree  of  CroAes  in  Gage's 
History  of  the  Hundred  of  Thingoe, 
p.  134,  has  two  slight  errors  con- 
nected with  the  above  members  of  the 
family.  Mr,  Gage  gives  the  date  of 
the  death  of  Richard  Croftes  Aiujuat 
instead  of  July,  and  he  slates  that 
William  Croftes  was  buried  at  Little 
Sasham,  Nov.  26.  The  West  Harling 
Register  gives  the  date  of  his  huriiU 
Nov.  23«  1770.  One  is  dtfBdent  in 
preauming  to  correct  any  inaccuracies 
in  the  works  of  the  ablej  estimable, 
and  lamented  author  to  whom  1  have 
referred,  and  at  tirst  1  conceived  that 
the  body  might  have  been  removed. 
The  Harling  Register  isj  however, 
decisive  on  this  point.  There  are 
some  shields  of  arms  in  stained  glass, 
DOW  placed  by  Lord  Colborne^  who 
many  years  since  became  the  purchaser 
of  the  property,  in  the  portico  of  West 
Harling  Hall,  They  came,  in  all 
probability,  from  Bardwell,  near  kk- 
ivorth,  where  the  junior  branch  of 
the  Croftes  familv,  to  which  they 
X 


154 


Aldrington,  WUU. — Compion  near  GuHdford. 


[Feb. 


undoubtedly  refer,  resided,  William 
Crofles  of  Little  SaxhaiDj  the  grand- 
father of  Lady  Sebright,  may  have 
placed  them  io  the  house  od  succeed- 
log  to  his  uncle's  (Mr.  Gipps)  estate 
at  West  Harling.  The  decoration  a 
of  the  aalooa  were  evidently  done 
by  him,  hia  arma, — viz.  Quarterly*  Ibt 
and  4th.  Croftea ;  2,  Poktf ;  3.  Gipps, 
impaling  Decker, — being  in  plaster  over 
the  door.  The  following  are  the  coats 
of  arms  in  glass. 

L  A  Urge  shield,  **  CroftCB  and  Foley/* 
date**  1620," 

Cre«ts — L  A  buira  head  aahle,  Crofitw* 

3.  A  lion  rampant  sable,  collared  and 
chained  or.     Poiey, 

ArtDB — Quarterly,  Ist  and  4tli,  Crqftea. 
2nd  and  3rd,  Argent,  a  cro&s  ftory  gulea 
between  4  escallopft  sable.     Sampfon. 

2nd  and  3rd.  Sable,  a  cbevrou  crmiae 
between  3  griffin's  heads  erased  argent. 
Ptarct  of  North  wold. 

Impaling— 

I.  Or,  a  lion  rampant  sable.     Pnhy^ 
9,  Azore,  a  feai  or  between  3  geese 

argent,  beaked  and  legged  gales.  0x9- 
lingham. 

3.  Argent,  a  chevron  engrailed  sable 
between  3  cocks.    Alcock, 

4*  Argent,  a  obevron  sable  between  3 
mnlleti  aznre  pierced  of  the  Held. 

5.  Af^ent,  across  sable. 

6.  Gules,  a  chevron  between  3  eaglets 
heads  erased  or.     Gadding. 

7.  A2ure,  3  chevron eU  or     Atpcde. 

%,  Argent,  a  fess  between  2  cfaeTroas 
gales.     Fecky* 

9.  Quarterly  gules  and  r^rt^  a  bead 
argfnt. 

10.  Arf^mt,  3  oheTrunels  guleti  a  mullet 
for  diflercnoe. 

The  coat  of  Charles  Crofles  of 
Btrdwell,  who  married  Cicely,  daugh- 
Itr  of  Richard  Foley  of  Badley,  co. 
Sttibtlc. 

II.  hmuif  «m  a  Mtt  wrare  two  luul- 
teU  or*  maroad  fulie^  ■  label  of  S  polBta 
gulfsi.     l>ntrp — linfMllDf  Vr^fin* 

Thii  is  lilt  ihlald  of  Elitabath^  •Istn- 
of  the  a(»offf  Cbftfltt  Croftaa^  and 
wifa  i^i  Ilobf rt  J>fitiy  «f  jtaajhagi. 

IIL  f>i^Ml«ifi«llaf,Aia««fM«OTMt 
Of  a  pmlUt  KulaS'     Mhstl^^ 

'Hiir    r/iat    «f    f.1j«#t#a    Cro^  itf 


ThoUiii^r,  aa4f|rif«r  '/r  pt«l|ll  ilMlOi^ 


ermine  between  3   griffin^s  heads  erased 
argent.     Pearce  of  North  wold. 

The  coat  of  the  same  Charles  Crofles 
and  of  his  first  wife  Elizabeth,  daugli> 
ter  and  heir  of  John  Fearce  of  North- 
wold. 

V.  Croft  Bit  charged  with  a  crescent 
for  difference,  impaling,  Argent,  3  crosa 
CTOsalets  gules.     Cophdike* 

The  coat  of  Thomas  Croftea  of 
Bard  well  (who  died  in  1595)  and  of 
his  wife  Margaret,  the  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Copledike.  He  was  younger 
eon  of  Sir  John  Croftes  of  Saxbam^ 
and  father  of  Charles  Croftes  before- 
menltooed« 

I  insert  the  toal  of  Co  pie  dike  aa 
existing  ;  but,  since  I  first  made  a  note 
of  it,  a  few  years  ago,  it  has  been 
broken,  and  its  place  filled  by  the 
glazier  with  some  fancy  remnants  of 
other  glass. 

The  connection  between  the  fami- 
lies of  Croftes  and  Gipps  is  shown  la 
Gage's  Hundred  of  Thiugoc.  See 
Pedigree  of  Gipps  of  Horningshertb, 
page  522. 


nr.  4k9flm* 


r  PHW^  9  Mwf  Mf9 


On  the  iubject  of  church  repairs 
and  restorations,  I  beg  to  draw  your 
attention  to  the  following  facts. 

[  am  informed,  on  authority  which 
I  cannot  question,  that  the  church  of 
Alder  ton  or  Aldrington,  in  Wiltshire^ 
is  being  diligently  pulled  to  pieces, 
and  that  the  monuments,  many  of 
the  family  of  Gore  long  resident  ia 
that  parish,  have  been  cast  down  ajid 
mutilated  in  a  most  disgraceful  man- 
ner, and  this  almost  under  the  eye, 
and  close  to  the  subject  of  the  first 
Topographical  Essay^  of  a  Wiltshire 
Society,  whose  members  claim  to  be 
the  votaries  of  John  Aubrey. 

On  the  other  hand,  in  the  county 
of  Surrey,  the  church  of  Compton  near 
Guildford,  which  is  well  known  aa 
prrftvntiog  such  interesting  remains 
of  Norman  architecture^  has  been  ju- 
dkbuaJy  aiid  carefully  repaired,  and, 
wImiI  li  too  often  so  grievously  for* 
Ci»tUo,  ftf§§9rtiHi,  With  the  solitary 
eirtptiifD  of  the  breaking  and  throwing 
away  *ff  an  inicribed  slab  which 
§mm§4  tha  rtmaios  of  a  Mr.  Wit. 
Ikm9s  Whti  died  in  177^^  and  whose 
lillfal  m^mm\fni  is  in  the  north  aisle, 
i  MH  m^*  110  great  complaint.  As 
§  ii^Mihm  uf  Uttr^  the  whitewaabing 


1844,] 


Merrow,  Surret/, — Leighton  Buzzard,  Bedt. 


155 


of  the  range  of  snaall  oakect  columns 
and  arcbes  in  front  of  the  very  re- 
markable chapel  or  rood  loft  within 
the  chancel  (bow  used  as  the  pew  of 
the  Molyneux  family)^  is  certainly 
opeo  to  much  censure  ;  and,  while 
under  re&loratton,  it  was  a  decided 
oversight  not  to  have  reopened  the 
lower  portions  of  the  two  windows  at 
the  western  end  of  the  south  aisle. 

The  destruction  of  the  church  at 
Merrow  in  the  same  county  was  no- 
ticed in  your  Magazine  some  months 
ago.  It  is  now  re-opened  for  divine 
service,  and  no  fault  can  be  found 
with  its  arrangements,  viewing  it  in 
the  light  of  one  of  the  new  churches* 
But  to  attempt  to  point  out  any  traces 
of  the  ancient  building  is  like  exhibit- 
ing a  stocking  in  which  the  darning 
has  superseded  the  original  article. 
The  columns  of  the  south  aisle  and  a 
few  inches  of  zig-zag  moulding  at  the 
north  door  are  the  rati  nantf§  of  this 
restoration.  I  shall  here  beg  to  draw 
your  attention  to  the  unpardonable 
manner  in  which  the  gravestones  in 
the  chancel,  one  of  the  Rev.  Edward 
Vernon,  who  died  in  1721,  another  of 
his  wife,  who  died  in  tZS-l  (and  which 
may  be  read*  in  Manning  and  Bray), 
have  been  cast  out,  and  replaced  by 
unlettered  slabs.  One  should  have 
thought  that  rectors  and  vicars  and 
those  in  authority  would,  ai  Me  leait, 
have  had  respect,  the  one  to  their  own 
cloth,  the  other  to  the  spiritual  pastor 
of  their  predecessors  in  the  parish. 
These  proceedings  are  discreditable, 
and,  what  is  more,  illegal. 

I  was  not  long  since  in  the  church 
at  Leighton  Buzzard  in  Bedfordshire. 
It  is  under  repairs,  and  not  altogether 
injudicious  repairs.  But  I  must  take 
leave  to  question  the  propriety  of 
ejecting  an  old  carved  pulpit,  of  the 
date  1638,  and  very  good  for  its  lime, 
to  give  place  to  some  feeble,  though 
possibly  more  uniform,  work  of  yes- 
terday. This  old  pulpit  is  now  lying 
in  the  south  chapel  amidst  a  heap  of 
paraphernalia  that  have  been  put  aside, 
— tables  of  benefactions*  torn  achieve- 
ments, and  such  like.  The  north  chapel 
has  been  refloored.and  two  stune  coffins, 
discovered  during  the  operation,  have 
been  unceremoniously  turned  out  of 
the  church  altogether.  The  foot 
in  tliis  church  is  well  known  to  the 
anti(|uary.      The    authorities    ahould 


make  some  sacriJice  to  clean  and  pre- 
serve it,  and,  although  I  am  the  veriest 
antipodist    of  the  Cambridge    Cam- 
denites,  though   I  will  not  speU  pewi  | 
puMJ  and  forswear  the  filling  of  every  | 
old  font  with  a  couple  of  buckets  of  i 
water  in  order  that,  '*  if  required,  the 
child  maybe  immersed!!"    I  do  be*, 
seech  the  rector  or  vicar»  as  the  caae , 
may   be,    to    replace   his  very    small  | 
blue-aad- white    cottage     slop    basin ] 
with  one  of  Messrs.  Mort lock's  bap* 
tismaJ  fonts. 

Yours,  &c,    L, 


Me.  Urban,  Cork. 

TRUSTING  to  your  wonted  in* 
dulgence,  I  beg  to  submit  to  your 
readers  a  few  facts  and  observations  of 
literary  or  historical  import,  the  for- 
tuitous gleanings  of  an  occasional  un- 
appropriated hour.  In  imitation  of  ] 
your  correspondent  Ctdweli,  as  they 
present  no  necessary  or  reciprocal  con- 
nection, 1  will  range  them  under  dis- 
tinct heads,  and  in  successive  enume- 
ration, extend  tog  possibly  to  abnut 
five. 

(No.  I.)    MB.  D'lSBAELl'a  CtJ&tOSlTlSB 
OF  LITEaATUftK,  &C« 

Mr.  D'Israeli,  in  his  article  on 
'*  Poetical  imitations,"  (Curiosities  of) 
Literature,  page  205,  ed.  1841J  is,  a»  ] 
usual,  entertaining  and  instructive. 
The  value  of  the  work  is  abundantly  ' 
attested  by  its  multiplied  editions  ;  but« 
indeed,  too  many  of  the  anecdotes  are 
accepted  without  critical  discrimina- 
tion, on  very  slender  authority.  Of 
course,  in  so  varied  and  extensive  an 
assemblage  of  assumed  facts,  some 
historical  errors  would  not  be  of  dif- 
ficult detection ;  but  one  has  rather 
surprised  me.  At  page  173,  *'  on  the 
Death  of  Charles  IX.'*  whose  reign 
stands  prominent  in  the  records  of 
crime,  as  stained  with  the  massacre  of 
1 572,  he  quotes  the  Chronicler  Cayet'a 
report  of  the  King's  last  momenta, 
when  "the  Queen-mother  sent  fur 
the  Duke  of  Aleo^on,  &c.**  Thia 
Duke,  Mr  D'laraeli  says,  **  was  after- 
wards Henry  111."  whereas,  in  fact, 
Henry  HI,  was  then  King  of  and  re^ 
sident  in  Poland,  which  be  promptly 
abandoned  on  information  of  his  bro- 
ther's decease,  and  succeeded  by  se. 
niority  of  birth  to  the  French  tbroocu 
Alen^on    (Franvoit  de  Valois,)   wae 


Error  a  in  WIsratits  Curiasitlet  of  Literature^ 


[Feb. 


one  of  our  Elizabeth's  numerous 
wooers,  though  twenty  years  her 
junior  I  but  he  never  wore  the  croAvn, 
having  pre-deceased  Henry,  who  was 
Bucceecjed,  on  ihe  extinctjon  o(  the 
Valois  dynafity,by  Henry  IV.  the  pa- 
triarch of  the  Bourbons,  bolh  of  the 
elder  and  junior  brancheB. 

At  page  354,  Mr.  Disraeli  disclaims 
for  Hudibras  "  a  single  passage  of 
indeceot  ribaldry/*'  while,  in  truth, 
there  are  numbers  which  do  one  durst 
read  in  female  society.  The  venerable 
author's  view  rauat  have  been  some- 
what dimmed,  his  judgment  wart>ed« 
or  hia  charity  of  construction  misap- 
p\ied,  whfn  he  could  thus  pronounce 
free  from  impeachment  and  innocent 
of  alt  offence  to  delicate  ears  a 
volume  teeming  with  proofs  that  ne- 
gative the  bold  assertion.  He  must 
have  overlooked  the  verses  282,  456, 
and  832  of  the  first  canto  ;  34  and  234 
of  the  second;  815,  BIG,  and  828  of 
the  third;  347.  410,  715,  and  883  of 
the  fourth  ;  and  216—773  of  the  &ixth 
canto,  without  proceeding  further  in 
the  unseemly  enumeration. 

Several  other  inadvertenciea  at- 
tracted my  notice  lu  this  curious 
repository  of  anecdotes  ;  but  1  cer- 
tainly did  not  expect  from  the  au- 
thor's clasftical  pen  such  grammati- 
cal faults  as  at  page  425,  (second  co- 
lumn,) where  we  have  **  The  Hugue- 
nots *  .  .  .  declaring  ,  .  .  that  they 
were  only  fighting  to  release  the  King* 
whom  they  asserted  was  a  prisoner  of 
the  Guises  ;*'  and  at  page  483,  (se- 
cond column,)  "  The  real  editor,  who 
we  must  presume  to  be  the  poet/'  &c, 
Here,  it  is  obvious  that,  in  the  first 
pantgraph.  we  should  read  irAo,  and 
in  the  second  whom,  Albertus  Mag> 
oiu,  I  may  add,  never  wrote  a  line  of 
the  work  imputed  to  him  in  page  480, 
•*  De  Secretis  Mulierum:"  while  the 
impoaitiou  stated  to  have  been  at* 
tempted  on  the  bibliographer  Debure, 
At  page  485,  has,  it  seems,  been  more 
•uccesaful  on  Mr.  D'Uraeli  himself, 
betrayed,  as  he  has  suffered  himself  to 
be^  into  the  belief  of  its  truth.  And  I 
puat  observe  that,  in  the  article  at 
page  600,  on  *•  Elective  Monarchies,*' 
where  so  signal  a  part  is  assigned  to 
the  French  Envoy,  Montluc,  our  au* 
tbor  does  not  appNear  aware  of  this 
uersooAge'a  most  singular  adventures. 
rheyftraiDcidcotally  alluded  to  in  this 


Magazine  for  August  1837*  V^g^  H9  ] 
and,  as  a  remarkable  membrr,  no  edi* 
Tying  one  indeed,  of  the  Dominican 
Older,  he  may  be  aggregated  to  those 
mentioned  in  this  Journal  for  Decem- 
ber last,  page  592,  associated,  as  a  re* 
deeming  name,  with  the  admirable 
Las  Casas. 

These  various  remarks  are  the  result 
of  a  very  cursory  insight  of  Mr*  U'ls- 
raeli'a  work,  which,  by  a  regretted 
mischance,  had  never,  until  lately, 
fallen  into  my  hands.  What,  however, 
I  would  tnoBt  reprove  is  the  respected 
writer's  implicit  confidence  in  unpub- 
lished document^*,  which,  suiely,  are 
much  less  to  he  relied  on,  unless 
withheld  for  special  reasons,  as 
doubt  less  often  occurs,  than  those 
at  once  deemed  worthy  of  impres- 
sion. Other  explorers  in  these  fields 
of  research,  both  here  and  on  the  Con- 
tinent, are  open  more  or  less  to  the 
same  charge — '*  Omne  ignotum  pro 
magnifico  est,"  as  Tacitus  (Agricola, 
XXX.)  makes  Galgacoa  say  ;  and  pro- 
ductions, long  concealed  or  unknown, 
are  indiscriminately  invoked  as  uner- 
ring vouchers  of  facts.  Valuing  these 
discoveries,  according  to  the  maxim  of 
political  ecouomists,  by  the  attendant 
cost  of  time  and  labour,  compilers 
too  frequently  overrate  their  merit. 

The  cont'tantly  occurring  instances, 
which  I  have  felt  bound  to  notice,  of 
negligent  composition  or  editorial 
carelessness,  are  nut,  the  reader  may 
be  assured,  the  fruit  of  studied  in- 
quiry, or  pointed  search.  On  the  con- 
trary, they  are,  1  can  truly  aver,  pain- 
ful to  my  view,  while  forced  on  my 
observation,  and  of  unavoidable  colli- 
sioD  with  my  memory*  But,  how 
pass  uncorrected  the  assertion  of  Lord 
Stanhope,  in  the  report  of  his  inter- 
course with  the  notorious  Foucht^, 
adopted  by  Lord  Brougham,  in  the 
third  and  recently  published  volume 
of  the  latter  nobleman's  '*  Stattn. 
men/*  page  125,  that  Fouchd  had 
never  been  at  Nantes,  whereas  he  was 
born  in  that  city  (the  29th  May,  1763), 
partly  educated  there,  and  during  the 
early  period  of  his  public  career  uni- 
formly distinguished  as  Fi^ucM  de 
Nanif^i  f  Lord  Brougham,  in  that 
volume,  appears  to  recant  the  too  fa- 
vourable repreaentation  of  the  terri^c 
'•  Comitd  de  Salut  l*ublic,"  conveyed 
in  his  previous  apology  for  Carnot,  a 


1844.] 


Lord  Brougham, — French  Biographies* 


157 


rDcrober  of  that  sangutnary  embodi- 
ment of  ihe  reign  of  terror.  His  Lord- 
fthip  is  right  in  retracting,  though  not 
avowedly,  the  error;  but,  altogether, 
1  hesitate  not  to  say,  that  the  French 
articles  of  his  publication  display  no 
deep  knowledge  oflheir  subjects  or  of 
the  nation.  A  passing  glance  has 
offered  other  mistakes  to  my  obspjva- 
tion,  6uch  as  at  page  30  the  name  of 
La^oura  for  Lasource,  one  of  the 
Protestant  ministers  of  the  Convention. 
And  at  page  123  Lord  Stanhope  says, 
•*  that  the  memoirs  published  under 
Fouch«f's  name  do  not  appear  to  he 
anthentic."  This  is  an  expression  of 
doubt,  when  he  must  Viave  known,  had 
he  (as  he  was  bound  wiiilc  writing  on 
the  subject)  inquired^  that  not  oniy  was 
tbeftnthenttcity  disjclaimed  by  Pouchc's 
representatives,  but  that  the  priDter 
was  fined  at  the  family's  suit  for  the 
fabrication,  and  that  the  printer  again 
brought  an  action  against  M.  Beau* 
champ,  the  author,  for  the  imposition 
(see  Gent.  Mag.  for  March  1838,  p. 
260,  and  for  November  1842,  p,  448). 
Fouch^  represented  in  the  Convention 
bis  native  department.  La  Loire  In- 
f^rteure,  of  which  the  city  of  Nantes 
is  the  capital.  Again,  at  page  144  of 
his  Lordship's  volume,  in  denial  of 
the  insult  asserted  by  Junius  to  have 
been  oflfeied  to  the  King,  it  is  added, — 
"Thi«  was  in  I769,  when  George  IH. 
had  nearly  attained  his  thiriieth  year  ;'* 
but,  bom  in  1738,  the  4th  of  June, 
that  sovereign  had  certainty  paaaed 
his  thirtieth  year,  and,  in  fact,  at  the 
date  ofJunius's  letter,  was  within  a 
few  days  (30th  May  to  4th  June)  of 
entering  his  thirty -second  year.  Pro- 
fessor Smith's  "  Lectures  on  the 
French  Revolution "  seem  to  nae 
rather  liable  to  the  same  observa- 
tion, though  pregnant  with  sound 
doctrine  and  excellent  reflection*  i  but 
no  writer  of  any  personal  experience 
of  the  country  could  prefix  llie  parti- 
cle de,  the  cherished  type  and  distinct- 
ive symbol  of  noble  tiirth,  to  the  ple~ 
lieian,  however  otherwise  eminent, 
names  of  Guizot,  of  Thiers,  or  of 
BftileuU  &c.  It  is  just  as,  in  their  im- 
perfect acquaintance  with  our  national 
habits  or  designations,  the  French  say 
Sir  Peel,  Sir  Russell  (Lord  John),  with 
other  misconceptions.  1  can  scarcely 
read  a  t>ook  in  either  language,  which* 


in  reference  from  one  to  the  other, 
does  not  present  similar  abeirationSi 
This  moment,  a  mere  accident  pointed 
my  eye  to  a  French  account  of  ihe  late 
Mr,  Mathias,  whose  well  known  work, 
"The  Pursuits  of  Literature."  I  find 
translated  **Les  Host  Hires  Litt^raires/* 
no  doubt  assuming  the  word  pursuii 
in  its  litigious  interpretation.  And 
again,  in  the  version  of  Victor  Hugo's 
Excursion  on  the  Rhine,  by  &  professor 
of  the  Ft^ench  tomjue,  the  celebrated 
poet  is  represented  as  stating  that, 
before  there  was  a  theatre  at  Paris, 
one  existed  at  Meaux,  "where  ju'eret 
0/  a  mysterious  nature  were  exhibited/' 
Here  the  old  mysteries,  or  subjects 
from  the  bible,  &c,  which  preceded  the 
regular  drama,  arc  rendered  **  pieces 
of  a  mysterious  nature  f  But  these 
examples  of  misapprehension  would  be 
intermiDable  were  1  to  pursue  the 
topic.  One  instance,  however,  or 
rather  two,  of  misstatement,  which 
hkvt  similarly  fallen  under  my  imme- 
diate view,  1  cannot  pass  over,  because 
they  occur  in  an  author  of  deserved 
celirbrity,  Mr.  Preston,  in  his  History 
of  the  Contjuest  of  Mexico,  which  has 
just  reached  our  city  library,  (vol.  i, 
page  192,)writes,  *'  With  alfhis  faults, 
Xiraenes  was  a  Spaniard,  and  the  ob- 
ject he  had  at  heart  was  the  good  of 

his  country, It  was  otherwise  on 

the   arrival    of    Charles    V Hia 

manners,  sympathies,  and  even  hia 
language,  were  foreign,  for  he  spoke 
the  Castilian  with  dilficulty.  He  knew 
little  of  his  native  country,  of  the  cha- 
racter of  the  people,  or  their  institu- 
tions/' ^c.  But  Charles,  as  must  be 
known  to  every  tyro  in  reading,  was 
a  native  of  Ghent,  in  Flanders,  not  of 
Spain,  to  which  he  was  allied  only  by 
his  maternal  descent.  And  subse* 
qu<?ntly,  at  page  208,  after  fixing  the 
birth  of  his  hero,  Cortes,  in  1485,  he 
subjoins  in  a  note,  •*  1  find  no  more 
precipe  notice  of  the  date,  except,  in- 
deed, by  Pizzarro  y  Orellano,  who  tells 
us  that  Cortes  came  into  the  world 
the  same  day  that  the  infernal  beast, 
the  falseheretic  Luther,  went  out  of  it/' 
The  mistake  here,  in  some  way  or 
other,  is  most  glaring;  for  Luther 
went  out  of  the  world  in  1546,  more 
than  sixty  years  afl:er  the  great  con- 
queror came  into  it.  Their  births,  in- 
deed, were  more  coincident  (1485-^ 


158 


GMam.—Madmme  dm  Defni. 


[Feb. 


1483)  and  probably  that,  tboagh  by  no 
mcmof  eiact,  was  the  SpanUh  writer's 
inteotion  to  express.  Thus,  the  error 
mmy  be  io  the  translatioii — in  itself, 
at  all  cTeots,  it  is  flagraDt ;  and,  that 
it  shoald  have  escaped  the  literary 
frieod  who,  in  cooseqoence  of  Mr. 
Freston's  defectiTe  Tisioo,  reriscd  the 
work,  is  extraordinary.  In  the  Qaar. 
terly  Reriew,  No.  145,  these  anachro- 
nisms are  aDadverted  to  in  an  article 
on  the  work.  In  that  periodical  a 
classical  inadvertence  shook!  not  ha^e 
passed  oncorrected  (Article  on  Voy- 
ages to  the  North  Pole).  The  well- 
known  line  of  Lucan,  descriptive  of 
Cssar's  actirity,  "Nil  actmn  ere- 
dens  dum  qnid  soperesset  agcndom  " 
(Pharsalia,  lib.  ii,  657),  ia  attributed 
to  JoTenal,  and  crtdtau  transformed  to 
repmioMB.  Grotios  has  remarked  that 
the  Emperor  Jostioian  had  adopted 
the  words  of  Locan  in  the  Pandects, 
lib.  xi. —  "De  his  qoibos  nt  in- 
dignis,"  &c.  where  we  read,  "  Nihil 
enim  credimns  actom,  dnm  aliqnid 
addendnm  soperest "  (see  the  Floren- 
tine edition  Digestomm  sen  Pandec- 
tanim,  1553,  tome  I.,  and  Gtbbon« 
chap.  45). 

3.— gibbon's  pxesobtai.  dxfbcts,  &C. 

This  magazine  has  more  than  once 
adverted  to  the  niggard,  or  stepmother's, 
dispensation  of  nature's  physical  gifts 
to  Gibbon.  (See  page  475  for  No- 
vember 1839.  and  for  December  1843, 
page  587»  &c.)  Bot  a  singular  and 
striking  demonstration  of  the  fact, 
though  generally  notorious,  is  not,  1 
believe,  alluded  to  in  these  columns. 
The  anecdote  (resting,  it  appears,  on 
authoritative  assertion)  states,  that 
Madame  du  Defiant,  whose  loss  of 
sight,  in  quickening  the  sense,  made 
the  perception  of  touch  her  guide  in 
physiognomy  or  discrimination  of  cha- 
racter, when  passing  her  hand  over 
our  intellectually  endowed  historian's 
face,  as  was  her  custom  on  the  intro- 
duction of  a  new  visitor,  was  betrayed 
into  a  misapprehension,  more  ludicrous 
in  occurrence  than  delicate  in  recital, 
but  which  she  resented  as  an  ofiensive 
advantage  taken  of  her  misfortune. 

Madame  du  Defiant,  the  reader 
needs  hardly  be  told,  was  one  of  the 
Parisian  celebrities  during  the  last 
century,  but  more  particiiUrly  known 


to  us  as  the  coficapoiident  of  Horace 
Walpole.  (See  Gent.  Mag.  for  March 
1843,  p.  S54.)  Nor  b  this  intercourse 
leas  ho-  title  of  literary  fame  in  France, 
as  their  interchange  of  riews  on  so- 
ciety, or  criticisms  of  authors,  however 
severe,  are  of  deep  obsenration  and 
striking  expression.  A  circumstance 
related  in  Grimm's  Correspondence, 
(tome  X.  p.  272.)  is  viridly  descriptive 
of  her  coki  selli^  character,  exempli, 
fied  alike  in  her  connections  of  love 
and  of  friendship,  both  more  namerooa 
than  justified  li^  moral  role,  or  dic- 
tated by  genuine  feeling,  llie  Pr^i- 
dent  H^nanlt  and  Pbnt  de  Veyle, 
equally  eminent  in  rank  and  letters  at 
that  period,  were  the  dopes  of  her 
simulated  passion;  but  Wnnsscao  re- 
coiled in  horror  from  her  proffered 
friendship.  "  J'aime  mieux  m'expoeer 
ao  fl^u  de  sa  haine  que  de  son  ami* 
ti^,"  (Confcasioiis,  liv.  xi.)  axe  the 
philosopher's  poignant  tmns,  not 
wholly  inapplicable,  I  have  heaiid,  to 
the  political  career  of  a  learned  peer, 
quite  as  much  distinguished  for  hia 
ansteadiness  as  for  his  capacity,  and, 
as  Sir  Ralph,  afterwards  Lord  Aber- 
cromby,  observed  of  certain  British 
troops  during  the  unhappy  state  of 
Ireland  in  1798,  more  formidable  to 
his  friends  than  to  his  enemies.  Bot^ 
with  respect  to  the  lady,  Walpcde  him* 
self  depicts  her  in  equally  nnamiable 
colours  at  page  209  of  their  Com. 
spondence,  (edit.  1811,  8vo.)  althooah 
in  his  Letters  to  Sir  Horace  Mann  he 
uniformly  mentions  her  with  affecttoa 
as  "  his  dear  old  blind  woman."  (See 
Letters  of  1 8th  June  177I«  and  of  3rd 
August  1775). 

In  the  above-quoted  number  of  thia 
Magazine,  for  December  last,  Gibboo'a 
amorous  address  to  Lady  Eliaabeth 
Foster,  the  future  Dnchesa  of  Devon- 
shire, is  related,  with  the  sdf-detoaioa 
that  blinded  him  to  the  excess  of  hia 
personal  defects.  His  historical  com* 
peer,  David  Hume,  though  less  gio* 
tesque,  was  far  from  attractive  in  fe- 
male appreciation,  but  still  by  no 
means  destitute  of  pretensions,  and 
not  always,  we  are  even  assured,  an. 
successfully  urged.  Yet  it  ia  much 
more  certain  that  at  Turin  and  Pteia 
he  fell  mon  than  once  into  the  anare 
laid  for  him  by  some  sportive  beanty, 
or  became  the  victim  of  his  own  vanity 


Molikre*^  Ungainly  Philosophers, 


159 


P 


I 


I 


in  the  constructjon  of  an  incidental 
Iribote  paid  to  Lib  mental  ai2|>erioriiyp 
ft9  i  bave  ofteQ  heard  from  tha&«  of 
his  asaociatee  whose  recollection  car- 
ried them  BO  far  back.  MarmotitcU 
IB  one  of  hi9  tales,  repreaenta  a  phi* 
hmtphc  of  bis  day  as  similarly  betrayed 
by  his  self-conceit,  like  Moli^rc's  Tar- 
tuffc  (Acte  iv.  8c.  7)  ;  for  there  waa 
quite  as  large  an  infusion  of  hypocrisy 
in  these  infideta*  affectation  of  virtue, 
as  in  the  type  presented  to  us  on  the 
ttageof oatraged  religion.*  "You make 

*  Europe  has  adopted  this  nil  me  as  the 
symbol  or  impersountioa  of  hypocrisy.  In 
the  play  itself,  Moliere  couverU  it  into  a 
verb,  (as  we  have  lately  dooe  that  of  the 
miscreant  Burke f)  when  he  makes  Mart- 
anne^a  mitanhf  Donne,  exclaim  to  ber 
young  mistress,  (Actc  ii»  so,  3,) 

**  Vous  serei^  ma  foi,  tartugUe,** 

Sbakspere,  iu  like  manner,  creates  a  new 
word,  where  Biaoca  says  of  her  sister 
Katharine,  that, 

**  Being  mad  herself,  Ehe*B  madly  mated  ;" 
to  which  Gremio  replies, 
**  I  warrant  him,  Petruchio  h  KatedJ* 
(Taming  of  the  Shrew,  Act  iii.  sc.  3.) 

We  thus,  too,  find  Made,  de  S^vign6,  in 
her  letter,  dated  the  29th  August,  1679,  to 
Buaai'Rabutln,  coining  a  novel  expression 
— Babutinadff  to  signify  the  family. readi> 
nesa  of  wit. 

Of  MoU^re^a   celebrated    composition, 
NapoIeon*a  judgment  has  been  cursorily 
referred  to  in  the  Gent,  Mag.  for  March 
1841,  page  250  j  but  it  is  entitled  to  a 
fuller  eipositjon  of  his  opinion.     "  Cer- 
tainement  I'ensemble  du  Tarttiffe  est  de 
main   de  mftitre. .......  Toutefoii  cette 

pi^oe  porte  un  tel  caract^re,  que  si  j'ai  te 
droit  de  m'etonner  de  qaelque  chose,  c'est 
qu*on  I'ait  laisis*  jouer :  elje  presente,  i\ 
mon  avis,  la  devotion  sous  dcs  couleura  si 
odieuaes,  que  si  la  pij^ce  eut  i^t^  fuite  de 
mon  temps,  je  n'en  aurais  pas  permis  la 
repr^ntatioo.^'  (Las  Cases,  19th  August, 
1816).  The  admirable  Bourddoue,  in  ob- 
vloua  reference  to  this  production,  also 
says,  **  Lea  espnta  profanes.,  ..exposent 
tnr  le  theatre,  ct  A  la  rist^e  pnblique,  un 
hypocrite  imaginaire,  Ic  repr^sentant  con- 
sdentieux  jusqn^  k  la  deltcatesse  et  au 
•crupole  snr  des  points  moins  importants, 
pendant  qu'il  se  portait  d' ail  I  curs  aux 
crimes  les  plus  atroces."  (Sermon  du 
septi^me  Dimanche  apr^s  PAques.)  An 
Italian  moralist  is  not  less  forcible  in  his 
reprobation.    '*  H  satireggiare  sti  Timper- 


tradeyour  religion,"  coarsely  observed^ 
we  are  told,  Dr,  Warburton  to  Dean 
Tocker,  a  copious  writer  on  politico- 
commercial  interests  1  "And  yo;]/' 
retorted  the  Bristoi  dignitary  to  the 
prelate,  '*  make  religion  your  trade." 
(See  Parriana,  vol.  ii.  p.  232.)  Pa- 
liset,  in  bis  drama/' Lea  Pbilosophes,*' 
published  and  exhibited  in  1760^ 
amongst  other  notorioua  objects  of  his 
satire,  assigns  a  prominence  of  ridicule 
to  J.  J.  Rousseau,  who,  indeed,  avows 
the  humiliating  reputses  which  be 
bad  encountered  in  his  impassioned 
advances,  although,  as  be  describes 
himself,  **  birn  pris  dans  sa  petite  per- 
sonne,"  and  by  no  means,  like  Gibbon 
or  Hume,  of  ludicrous  tigure  or  un- 
couth frame.  But  grace  and  manner 
he  wanted—"  Et  la  gr&ce  plus  belie 
encore  que  labeaut^,"  as  La  Fontaine 
tastefully  asserts  in  bis  Psyche. 
Awkward  and  timid,  be  failed  in  that 
spirit  of  address  and  easy  con6dence 
which   distinguish    the   man   of    the 


fettioni  de'  relligiosi,  pecca  in  moraliti,  e 
scandalizza  i  huomiui  pii.**  Yet  Voltaire 
succeeded  in  wresting  the  approbation  of 
his  Mahomet  from  the  Holy  See,  (Gent, 
Mag.  for  March,  1840,  p.  255,)  and  Bcau- 
marchais*s  importunity  forced  from  Louis 
XVL  the  permissive  representatioQ  of 
Figaro.  Ridicule,  it  is  asserted,  is  no 
argument — certainly  not ;  but  it  is  much 
more  impressive,  if  not  on  our  reason,  as- 
suredly on  our  feelings,  as  a  blunder  pro- 
vokes it  more  than  a  crime,  and  thence 
often  becomes  more  fatal,  as  Fouch^  or 
Talleyrand  said,  in  politics.  Never  did 
the  order  of  St.  Ignatius  recover  a  wound 
of  its  infliction  from  the  pen  of  Pascal.  A 
sneer,  observes  Dr.  Cbanning,  (Second 
Discourse  on  Wart)  is  more  formidable 
than  a  bullet ;;  for  it  impi^ls  the  faint- 
hearted to  face  death  in  war  or  due!, 
rather  than  encounter  its  keen  edge*  Yet 
many  an  arising  excrescence  of  evil  has, 
on  tbe  other  hand,  sunk  under  its  blight* 
log  influence,  such  as  the  Theophilanthro* 
pistst  tbe  St.  Simomans,  &Gt  Would  that 
it  had  always  been  so  beneficially  exer- 
cised, and  had  equally  extinguished  so 
many  other  outpourings,  religious,  poli- 
tical ^  or  social,  of  manV  extravagance  or 
knavery ! 

*.....  . . "  RidicaluM  acri 

Fortius  et  melius  magnas  plerumqoesccat 
res*^' 

{Hor.  -SflMib.  i.x.) 


160 


The  Wife  of  Chaucer. 


[Feb. 


world  or  of  fashion,  and  which,  in 
Wilkes  or  Mirabeaa,  so  rapidly  ob- 
literated — the  former  in  half  an  hoar, 
as  he  boasted,  and  the  latter  probably 
in  less — the  first  impression  of  ^eir 
deterring  features. 

In  what  estimation  these  philoso- 
phers,   and     more    especially    their 
coryphaei,  Voltaire  and  Roassean,  were 
held  by  Napoleon,  these  pages  have 
borne  freqaent  testimony   (see  Gent. 
Mag.  for  February,  1843) ;  but  to  his 
judgments  of  the  former  I  may  add 
the  following.     My  venerated  friend, 
the  Marquess  de  Fontanes,  who  pro- 
nounced the  splendid  funeral  eulogy 
on  Washington,   by  appointment  of 
Bonaparte,  the  I8th  of  February,  1800, 
and  was  subsequently  placed  at  the 
head  of    the  University,   that  great 
moral  lever  of  imperial   rule,  which 
made  education  its  tributary,  and  bent 
the  young  mind  of  France  in  idolatrous 
submission  to  her  mighty  chief,  was 
favoured  it  is  known  with  frequent 
confidential  interviews  at  theTuilleries. 
On  one  occasion,  the  Emperor  thus 
addressed  him,  •'  Vous  aimez  Voltaire ; 
Tous  avez  tort;  c*est  un  brouitlon,  un 
boutefeu,  on  esprit  moqueur  et  faux 
....   il  a  sap^  par  le  ridicule  les 
fondemens  de  toute  autorit^  divine  et 
humaine :  il  a  perverti  son  si^cle ;  et, 
sur  vingt  de  mes  jeunes  oflSciers,  il 
y  en  a  dix-neuf  qui  ont  un  volume  de 
ce  d^mon  dans  leur  ports- manteau." 
(Life  by  Roger.)     The  admiration  of 
Fontanes  for  Voltaire,   it  is  right  to 
observe,  by  no  means  embraced  the 
poet's    philosophy,   or    antichristian 
sentiments,  to  which  he  always  pro- 
fessed a  conscientious  opposition,  both 
in  his  individual  and  official  character. 
Napoleon 'scon  viction  of  the  dangerous 
influence  of  Rousseau  was    not  leas 
energetically  felt  or  expressed.     (See 
Gent.  Mag.  for  February,  1843,  p.  140.) 
The  imperial  delineation  of  Voltaire, 
recals  that  by  Byron  of   him    and 
Gibbon : 

«  Uasanne  sod  Femey  I  ye  have  been   the 

abodes  [nsme. 

Of  names  wbich  unto  yoa  bequeath'd   a 

Mortals,  who  sought  and  found  by  dangennis 

roads 

A  path  to  perpetuity  of  fiune.** 

Childe  Harold,  iU.  109. 

Of  Voltaire  he  adds,  that  his  talents 


"breathed  most  in  ridicule;"  and 
Gibbon  he  describes  as 

"  Sapping  a  solemn  creed  with  solemn  sneer.** 

Horace  Walpole  writes  to  his  corre- 
spondent  Mann,  the  9th  of  September, 
1773,  aAer  relating  the  df-ath  of  the 
poet,  his  old  companion.  Gray  :  "  Ha 
(Gray)  could  not  hear  Voltaire's  nana 
with  patience,  though  nobody  admired 
his  genius  more  ;  but  he  thought  him 
so  vile,"  &c. 

Yours,  &c.    J.  R. 
{To  be  continued,) 


Mr.  Urban,  Jmu  14. 

THE  learned  writer  of  the  article 
on  the  life  of  Chaucer  in  the  last 
number  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazina 
has  made  a  mistake  which  it  is  material 
to  correct,  because  it  relates  to  an 
ioteresting  fact. 

In  the  text  of  p.  8  he  says,  Chau- 
cer's "  handsome  annuity  authorised 
him  to  solicit  the  hand  of  Philippa^ 
eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Payne  Roet;" 
but  he  gives  in  a  note  some  lines 
from  an  ode  by  Hugh  Holland,  and 
remarks,  "  Yet  Sir  Harris  says,  'It' 
"  has  not  been  ascertained  wmtivehf 
"  whom  Chaucer  married  ;  tne  state- 
"  ment  that  his  wife  was  Philippa* 
"  daughter  of  Sir  P.  Roet,  scarcely 
"  admits  a  doubt.'  His  wife's  name» 
"  however,  was  not  Philippa  Roet, 
"  but  Picard.  See  Life,  p.  60  to  66» 
"  and  Godwin's  Life,  II.  374.  She 
"  probably  died  in  1387." 

I  am  thus  represented  as  contra- 
dieting  in  p.  60  to  66  the  opinion 
which  I  had  immediately  before  ao 
strongly  expressed  that  the  Poet  mar- 
ried Philippa  Roet. 

I  fear,  however,  that  the  eraditt 
writer  of  the  article  in  ouestion  conld 
not  have  read  what  I  nave  actnallf 
written  on  this  subject,  because  the 
pages  to  which  he  refers  contain 
evidence  that  Philippa  Pyeard  and 
Chaucer'8  wtfe  were,  beyond  all  doubt, 
ditlinct  pereone;  and  I  have  expresaly 
said,  in  p.  62,  "the  Poet  must,  there- 
fore, have  married  before  September 
1 366,  and  his  wife  could  notposstblif  haw 
been  the  Philippe  Pycord  to  whom  the 
annuity  of  5/.  was  given  in  Janiiarf 
1370." 
Yours,  &c.    N.  Harris  Nice  las.  * 


161 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


I 


I 


Tke   Hintoff  and    AniiquUiea  nf   the 
Parish  t>f  Hacknty,  MiddUBex,     By 

'the  bftsis  af  a  gcoeral  history  of  the 
roetropoUtiin  county  has  been  Imd  by 
the  Rev.  Daniel  Lysons  in  his  Environa 
ofLoDdon^aad  his  supplemeiitary  ac- 
couDt  of  thoae  Parishca  in  Middlesi^x 
not  included  In  the  Environs,  Nor 
c«n  wi*,  probably,  from  the  arduouB 
nature  of  the  work,  expect  any  fuller 
hifitury  of  the  whole  county.  It  h 
therefore  extremely  desirable  to  have 
distinct  histories  of  the  more  extensive 
parishes. 

We  have  at  present  Histories  of 
Stoke  Newington  by  James  Brown  ;  of 
Twickenham,  bv  E,  Ironside;  of  Shore- 
ditch,  by  Sir  H,  Ellis;  of  Chelsea, 
Fulham,  Hacnn«eramitli,  and  Kensing- 
ton, by  Thomaa  Faulkner;  of  Hamp- 
stead,  by  T.  Park  ;  of  Uxbridge,  by 
Geo.  Redford  and  Tho,  Harry  Riches  ; 
of  St.  Giles's  in  the  Fielda,  by  J. 
Parton  ;  of  Clerkenwell,  by  the  Rev. 
T.  Cromwell,  with  prints  by  Messrs, 
Storer;  of  klingtooj  by  J.  Nelson; 
Account  of  A,  Pugin's  Views  at  laling- 
too,  by  E.  W.  Brayley;  and  since, 
another  History  of  Islington,  by  S. 
Lewis,  juD. ;  of  Isle  worth,  part  of 
Brentford,  and  Hounslow,  by  G.  J. 
Aangier;  and  of  Tottenham,  Edmon- 
ton, Enfield,  and  Stoke  Newington,  by 
Dr.  W,  Robinson. 

By  the  above  list  it  will  be  seen  how 
important  a  portion  of  the  eastern  part 
of  the  county  had  been  before  de- 
•cribed  by  Dr.  Robinson j,  to  which  he 
bftft  now  added  the  res^pectablc  parish 
of  Hackney. 

Dr.  Robinson  has  collected  a  large 
body  of  valuable  materials  and  official 
documents  relative  to  the  district  he 
has  undertaken  to  describe,  with  which 
he  has  liberally  supplied  the  public  in 
the  volumes  before  ua.  We  hope  he 
will  not  consider  us  ungrateful  if  we 
express  our  opinion  that  the  work 
would  have  been  improved  by  a  conside- 
rable condensation,  for  sometimes  we 
have  di&covered  passages  from  various 
sources  not  a   little   contradictory  to 

Gent.  M.io.  Vol.  XXf, 


each  other,  without  the  value  of  each 
having  been  sufficiently  considered. 
We  think,  too,  that  much  of  the  first 
volume  might  have  been  omitted,  par- 
ticularly in  the  description  of  the  old 
houses,  where  the  author  has  been  led 
away  by  his  subject  into  much  general 
hiBtory,  equally  applicable  to  any  other 
place  as  Hackney  ;  for  instance,  under 
the  description  of  an  old  house  (p.  77) 
called  •' The  Templars' Hou&e"  (built, 
probably,  in  the  fifteenth  century,  and 
we  do  not  see  how  it  can  he  connected 
with  the  Knights  Templars,)  Dr. 
Robinson  has  entered  very  fully  into 
the  history  of  that  military  order.  The 
same  observation  is  applicable  to  the 
account  of  their  rivals  and  successors, 
the  Knights  of  St,  John  of  Jerusalem, 
(p.  830  U  the  case  of  "The  Black 
and  W^bite  House,'*  (p.  95,)  built  by  a 
city  merchant  about  157a>  there  surely 
IS  no  proof  that  it  was  the  residence  of 
royalty  in  its  having  had  the  royal  arms 
in  the  windows, — but  merely  a  token 
of  the  loyalty  of  its  owners.  The  repu- 
tatioa  of  its  having  been  the  residence 
of  the  King  of  Bohemia  introduces  an 
account  of  his  unfortunate  alliance 
with  his  queen,  Elizabetht  The  tra- 
dition of  Lord  Vaux  having  had  a 
house  at  Hackney  (the  exact  spot  not 
ascertained)  gives  rise  to  a  very  long 
history  of  the  Gunpowder  Plot.  The 
account  of  the  old  mansion  of  Baomcs, 
the  residence  of  Sir  G.  Whitmore,  is 
much  confused  and  contradictory  ;  but 
we  want  time  and  space  to  set  it  to 
rights*     See  pp.  154  and  158,  &c. 

The  accounts  of  the  ancient  gardens 
at  Hackney,  though  not  new,  are 
amusing.  What  we  now  call  planis 
were,  a  century  and  a  half  ago,  gene- 
rally termed  ^reem.  We  think  Dr. 
Lindley  would  consider  "a  warren  of 
two  acres,  very  full  of  coney Sj'*  no 
valuable  addition  to  the  Horticultural 
Gardens. 

The  very  popular  measure  of  the 
Victoria  Park,  in  the  eastern  suburbs 
of  London,  is  properly  noticed  with 
di served  commendation. 

The  manufactories  at  Hackney  are 
little  known  to  the  inhabitants  of  the 
Y 


personi  are 

mach  teoglh*  psfticniarly  i 
of  these  remarkablei  k  tkm  1 
teSebrmted  Tarpiiu 

Amoog  the 
MiUoci  the  poet  badlinlei 
nejibn  irith  tlic  place, 
merely  married,  to  hit  fadi 
the  daughter   of  Cmpi, 
cock,  of  Hficknef . 
Philip*  wai  oDty  af  KAMltibciYpj 
aa    was  al»o  Aogtiitiia 
FUzroy  (aftcrwardi  third  ] 
o(  Graf  too,  thooj^h  Dr. 
&on  doe»  £iot  give  his  title.)    Hi 
was  born  in   1735. — utit  17S5 
ai»  printeil  in  p.  281.    Tbe  ; 
of   his    d^ath.    1811.    ta   ala 
omrtted.    Sir  T.  HealbcoU  i 
married    a    youog    Imdf 
Hackney.  Thtr  omission  of  tl 
biographical  ootices  migfal  km^ 
been  desirable,  as  oat  of 
in  a  htetory  of  Hackiie|', 

Tlie     second    volume 
meucea  with  the  accooat  of  i 
old    Church  of   St.  Aog 
AiDce  called  St.  John,   errooc^l 
ously,    as    Newrourt,     is    ttil 
Eepertoriam,    ob&errea^ 
body   of  thia  church  waa  de- 
stroyed whea  the  oew  charc^l 
wa*    erecled     to     1797* 
Robinson   says  (p,   6 J    it  ara 
founded  by  John   Herou,  esq, 
hut    it  appears  in  p.  8,   *•©« 
Heron  was  only  a  great  bcoe«l 
factor  when  the  church  was  re^J 
paired."     In    p.  9    Sir 
HeroOj    master    of  the  J« 
Office  to  Henry  VIIL  is  i 
of  as  a  great  benefactor. 
church  was  clearly  founded  1 
before  the  time  of  Henry  ' 
The  Rowe  chapel  waa  not  takca  | 
down,   but  the  fiae  old  monu«| 
men  is   have    fallen     to    decay. 
Representations  of   tbem.  eo^J 
graved  nearly  100  years,  at  the 
expense  of  E,  Rowe  Mores,  are 
preserved    in    Dr.    Robtnson'a  ^ 
book. 


1^44.]     Review. — BMng^*s  IHttstraiwng  of  Durham  CuihedraL       163 


I 


The  will  of  Sir  T.  Rowe,  lorcl  innyor 
1568,  is  rery  curious  ;  he  invites  the 
[ond  ronyor,  aldermen,  and  com|iatiy 
^f  Merchant  Taylors  to  attend  his  fu- 
^eral,  at  eight  io  the  morniajr,  aod  his 
idy  to  be  buried  before  eleven  ;  that 
ere  be  a  communiao;  and  after- 
arda  a  dinner  at  his  house  at  Shackle- 
eltj  for  Ihe  lord  mayor,  aldermen^ 
mpany,  friends,  mourners,  priests, 
niinbters*  clerks,  poor  men,  and  pa- 
riabiooefs,  bequeatbiog  ij6L  13«.  4c/* 
for  that  purpose,  and  10/.  for  spiced 
bread  to  be  given  to  the  company^ 
poor  as  well  as  rich. 

The  fine  otd  church  ought  not  to 
have  been  taken  down,  nor  would  it 
probably  at  the  present  time,  a  better 
feeling  having  now  happily  arisen,  Dr, 
Robinson  properly  observes, 

**This  chorch,  before  its  demolitioti, 
was  extremcif  rich  ia  monufnents,  some 
[few]  of  which,  being  considered  worth 
preferring,  were  tiikea  down  and  pat  up 
m  the  porches  or  vestibules  of  the  new 
church.  In  most  Christino  countries  the 
iascriptioni  or  epitaphs  on  the  monu- 
ments erected  to  perpetuate  the  memory 
of  the  dead  are  carefully  preserved  and 
registered  in  the  church  ^books ;  but  in 
England  tliey  are  (to  the  shame  of  our 
time  be  it  said)  broken  dotna  and  almost 
utterly  dttiroi/ed,  and  their  bra**  inscrip- 
tiOHM  erase  rlf  torn  aw  Ay,  and  pilfered  ;  by 
bieh  the  memory  of  many  virtuous  and 
h\e  persona  disceased  is  extiugniahed, 
the  true  understanding  of  fiimilies  Li 
kened,  as  the  course  of  their  inherit- 
is  thereby  in  a  great  measure  inter- 
[pled.  The  ancient  monumentsp  brasses, 
and  inscriptionsj  which  were  formerly  the 
pride  and  ornaimeDt  of  the  old  church, 
have  suffered  by  the  taste  for  modern  iro- 
prorementf  j  and  most  of  them  are  scat* 
tered  abroad,  and  not  to  he  found  hut  in 
the  private  collections  of  individuals,  and 
placed  against  the  walls  of  paaaagcs  leail- 
ing  to  conAerratories  and  other  places  of 
recreation  and  amusement.'*  p.  18. 

Among  other  monuments  destroyed 
was  a  fine  one  to  Lady  Latimer,  with 
an  effigy,  exquisitely  sculptured  in 
atone,  which  is  still  concealed  beneath 
dirt  and  rubbish,  under  the  old  tower. 
It  would  be  highly  creditable  to  the 
preMQt  rector  and  churchwardens  to 
cause  it  to  be  cleaned  and  preserved 
in  the  new  church,  ae  it  is  evidently 
a  portraiture  of  a  noMe  lady,  the 
daughter  of  Henry  Earl  of  Worcester, 
and  wife  of  John  Neville,  Lord  Lati- 
mer*    She  died  15S2.     It  is,  besides^ 


worthy  preservation  on  its  own  ac- 
count, as  being  an  interesting  and  fine 
specimen  of  English  sculpture.  By 
the  kind  permission  of  Dr.  Robinson 
we  are  enabled  to  lay  his  representa- 
tion of  this  statue  before  our  readers. 

Dr.  Robinson  has  printed  all  the 
existing  epitaphs  in  the  mother  church, 
as  also  all  he  could  collect  from 
Weever  and  other  sources. 

The  chapters  of  the  work  describ- 
ing the  new  churches  of  West  Hack- 
ney, the  district  chapel  at  Upper 
Clapton,  St.  Philip's  Church  at  Dal- 
Bton,  St.  Peter's  Church  at  De  Beau- 
voirTown,  and  St,  James's  Church  at 
Clapton^  are  very  satisfactory.  The 
site  and  glebe  of  West  Hackney  were 
the  gift  of  the  Ute  W.  G.  Daniel  Tys. 
Fen,  esq  ;  that  at  Dalston,  of  Mr.  W. 
Rhodes*  i  that  at  De  Bean  voir  Town,  of 
R.  Ben  von  de  Beau  voir,  esq.  ;  and 
that  at'Clftpton,  of  the  Rev.  T.  B. 
Powell.  This  noble  conduct  of  the 
wealthy  proprietors  is  as  it  should  be, 
and  is  highly  commendable.  Copies 
of  the  original  grants  and  conveyances 
are  preserved  in  Dr.  Robinson's  work. 
Accounts  of  the  public  Bchools,  chari- 
ties, &c.  are  also  given  at  a  very  ample 
length  ;  in  short,  nothing  seems  omit- 
ted that  could  io  any  way,  however 
remote,  be  brought  to  bear  in  illustra- 
tion of  the  history  of  Hackney. 

After  noticing  the  little  attention 
paid  (we  suppose  by  the  printer)  to 
the  names  of  authors  referred  to,  such 
as  Lyson  for  Lysoos,  Pepy  for  Pcpys, 
Grainger  for  Granger,  &c.  &c.  we 
take  our  Ieave»  lamenting  the  want  of 
lucid  arrangement  sometimes  manifest 
in  the  work,  but  grateful  for  the  ma- 
terials amassed  by  Dr.  Robinson's  per- 
severing retearch. 

Archii^tural  lUttstraliom  of  Durham 
CaihedruL  By  Robert  William 
Billings.     4/0. 

JN  this  volume  will  be  found  the 
most  extensive  series  of  architectural 
illustrations  of  any  English  cathedral 
which  have  as  yet  been  produced. 
As  the  preface  informs  us, 

*'  It  was  c43mmeDced  with  the  intention 
of  making  the  architectural  ilhistrations 
to  one  scale.  This  ititentioD  has  been 
carried  out,  and  the  work  as  now  com- 
pleted forms,  with  a  similar  wo*'''  ' 
author  upon  the  cathedral 
Carlisle,  the  first  series  of 


164        RsiriBW.— Billings's  lllustratiwu  of  Durham  CaihedraL     [Feb. 


pretentatioBs  of  two  English  cathedrali 
ever  given  to  the  pnblic* 

The  plan  is  an  excellent  one,  and  the 
execution  of  it  most  necessarily  in- 
volve great  labour  and  expence.  We 
trust  the  author  will  receive  sufficient 
encouragement  to  enable  him  not  alone 
to  illustrate  the  cathedrals  left  undone 
by  Mr.  Britton,  but  also  to  illustrate 
every  cathedral  in  England  upon  the 
same  ample  and  scientific  scale. 

Durham  Cathedral,  the  most  mag- 
nificent Norman  structure  in  England, 
affords  a  fine  scope  for  architectural 
illustrations ;  all  its  works,  whether  of 
the  original  design  or  subsequent  ad- 
ditions, are  among  the  best  examples 
of  their  kind  ;  every  thing  in  it  that  is 
ancient  is  upon  a  scale  of  grandeur 
and  magnificence  not  surpassed,  even  if 
they  are  equalled  by  any  other  structure. 
The  church  of  a  palatine  bishop,  who 
ranked  with  the  princes  of  the  land, 
who  raised  his  armies  and  dispensed 
justice  in  his  own  courts,  would  be 
expected  to  exhibit  in  its  architecture 
a  degree  of  splendour  commensurate 
with  the  rank  of  the  prelate  who  had 
his  seat  within  the  walls;  we  see 
such  a  structure  in  the  cathedral  of 
Durham,  injured  as  it  has  been  by 
Puritanic  violence,  and  defaced  by  the 
modern  additions  of  a  conceited 
architect,  who  indulged  in  the  vain 
hope  that  he  could  improve  the  design. 
This  church,  belonging  to  a  see  until 
the  recent  changes  the  richest  perhaps 
in  Europe,  has  in  modern  times  re- 
ceived but  little  attention  ;  vain  and 
trumpery  additions  have  been  tacked 
upon  the  old  design,  and  the  ancient 
detail  destroyed  to  make  room  for 
them.  The  Chapter  House  has  been 
sacrificed  to  make  a  parlour ;  and  the 
Galilee,  the  resting  place  of  saints, 
threatened  with  destruction,  to  afford 
room  for  a  carriage  road  to  the  resi- 
dences of  modern  prebendaries. 

Scarcely  will  it  be  credited  in  these 
days,  when  preservation  of  the  ancient 
features  of  our  churches  are  so  much 
insisted  upon,  that  at  the  last  exten- 
sive  repair  the  cathedral  received 
(between  the  years  1775  and  1791*) 
four  inches  of  masonry  were  chiseled 
from  the  whole  surface  of  the  north  side 
and  east  end  of  the  church.  This  labori- 
ous process  was  exceedingly  expensive, 
amounting  to  nearly  30,000/.  and  it 
was  conducted  by  the  never  to-be- for- 
gotten Wyatt.     Let  us  hope  that  it  will 


be  a  beacon  to  warn  future  deans  and 
chapters  to  save  their  cathedrals  from 
the  mercenary  hands  of  professional 
jobbers.  It  is  painful  to  read  the  enu- 
meration of  the  alterations  and  wanton 
destruction  effiected  through  the  vanity 
and  ignorance  of  this  man,  which  is 
given  at  pp.  13  and  14  of  Mr.  Bil- 
lings's descriptive  account 

In  still  later  years,  the  repairs  have 
been  done  in  Roman  cement ;  and  it 
will  scarce  be  credited,  that  it  was 
contemplated  to  plaster  the  entire 
tower  with  this  rubbish,  and  that  the 
design  was  abandoned  only  because 
it  was  cheaper  to  chisel  the  surface. 
At  this  repair  thirty-two  statues  were 
removed  from  their  niches,  and  only  one 
or  two  replaced  by  modern  ones  "  done 
in  cement."  These  wretched  altera- 
tions, the  author  tells  us,  were  ef- 
fected by  the  architect  of  Abbotsford  : 
what  else  could  be  expected  from  the 
designer  of  a  mere  toy  ?  It  is  satis- 
factory to  add,  that,  within  the  last 
few  years,  some  judicious  restorations 
have  taken  place  under  the  direction 
of  Ignatius  Bonomi,  architect,  which 
appear  to  be  still  going  on. 

We  are  sorry  to  see  the  author  ap- 
ply the  injurious  epithet  of  "furious 
clamour"  to  the  opposition,  which 
John  Carter  raised  to  Wyatt's  destruc- 
tive propensities,  when  he  designed  to 
modernize  the  interior.  Mr.  Billings, 
we  are  sure,  means  not  to  censure  Uie 
antiquary'sexertions;buthemighthave 
clothed  his  ideas  in  better  language; 
for,  when  it  is  heard  that  Wyatt  in- 
tended to  destroy  the  matchless 
bishop's  throne,  and  the  resplendent 
altar-screen,  we  cannot  see  the  pro- 
priety of  the  language  which  styles  the 
enthusiastic  opposition  of  Carter  and 
his  friends,  a  "  furious  clamour." 

From  the  desciiptive  account,  we 
make  a  few  extracts  of  some  of  the 
peculiarities  of  the  cathedral. 

The  buildings  are  very  regular. 

**  There  is  not  the  slightest  variation  in 
the  lines  of  the  nave  and  choir,  as  is  the 
case  with  many  other  large  churches ;  the 
latter  part  being  sometimes  inclined  more 
to  the  eastward  than  the  nave,  and  said  by 
the  symbolists  to  be  typical  of  our  Saviour 
leaning  his  head  on  the  cross.  This  regu- 
larity, for  the  different  parts  are  all  pa- 
rallel or  at  right  angles,  extends  even  to 
the  conventual  buildings,  which  are  all 
exactly  at  the  same  angles  as  the  cathe- 
dral." P.  9. 


1844.] 


Retiew. — Garbett'fi  Parochial  Sermons, 


icn 


Evidence  of  the  continuation  of  the 
ortgioal  architecture  in  after  times— 

"  Oii«  of  th«  mast  reznarkable  features 
rn  the  cathedrml,  an<J  perfectly  unique  in 
the  historj  of  ancient  architectiire,  was 
the  conatmetioa  of  the  vaulting  of  (he 
nave  and  south  transept  by  Prior  Thomas 
MeUonby  in  the  Norman  style,  betiireen 
133a  and  1244,  at  a  period  when  tbat 
known  as  Early* En glisb  had  complet^^ly 
fuperaeded  tt.*'  P.  1^. 

The  extraordinary  exclusion  of  fe- 
males from  Ihe  church  is  remarkable. 
In  the  nave 

**  Is  a  cross  of  blue  marble,  placed  as  a 
boundary  for  femflles,  for,  tinril  tbe  Re- 
formation, none  were  allowed  to  pass  it 
eastward  J* 

This  is  attributed  to  the  extraordi- 
nary tanctily  of  the  body  of  St.  Cnth- 
hert»  which  was  ensbrined  behind  tbe 
altar. 

The  Chapter-house  was  not  de- 
stroyed by  Wyatt,  but  a  minor  bar- 
barian, one  Morpeth,  effected  the  work ; 
the  mode  of  his  doing  it  is  remarkable, 
and  shews  how  perfectly  judicious  was 
the  choice  of  the  agent  to  carry  out  tbe 
destructive  propensities  of  the  Chapter. 

**  A  man  was  suspended  by  tackle  above 
Ihe  joining,  aud  knocked  out  the  key* 
stones,  when  the  whole  fell,  and  crushed 
the  paved  floor,  rich  with  gravestones  and 
"brasses  of  the  bishops  and  priors."  P.  48. 

We  have  only  space  to  notice  briefly 
the  seventy-five  engravings  which  lU 
lostrate  the  work.  Of  these  the  greater 
number  consist  of  plans^  elevations, 
and  measured  eections  exhibiting  the 
entire  building  and  its  parts  at  large ; 
a  few  perspective  views  are  necessarily 
introduced,  but  Ihe  value  of  the  work 
lies  in  the  scientific  subjects.  The 
plates  are  executed  in  a  ctear  and  bold 
style  of  etching,  and  the  detail  is 
effectively  shewn,  even  in  the  views. 

The  engravings  of  the  altar*screen  are 
exceedingly  valuable,  as  well  as  of  seve- 
Tal  beautiful  Kariy-Eoglish  capitals. 
The  effect  of  the  altar-screen  is  finely 
shewn  in  a  perspective  view  of  the 
choir,  and,  when  aeen  in  connection 
'with  the  massive  architecture  of  the 
columns,  the  lighter  architecture  of  the 
ficreea  has  a  striking  eflfect^  the  mas- 
aiveness  of  the  one  acting  as  a  set-off 
to  the  fairy  lightness  of  the  other.  Tbe 
present  altar  is  very  plain;  on  the  table, 
is  addition  to  the  two  lights  prescribed 


by  the  Rubric,  stand  one  large  and  two 
sin  alter  tankards. 

Mr.  Billings  is  deserving  of  great 
credit  for  the  persevering  industry  with 
which  he  has  completed  his  work,  as 
the  list  of  plates  shews  that  not  only 
has  he  made  the  drawings  for  the  work, 
but  has  executed  several  of  the  engrav. 
ings  with  his  own  hands. 

We  hope  to  see  him  shortly  com- 
mence the  remaining  cathedralei  which 
he  has  promised  to  illustrate,  and  we 
wish  him  success  and  patronage  in  his 
other  undertakings,  and  that  he  will 
reap  honour  and  profit  from  his  newly 
announced  works,  The  jirchitectural 
lUusiraiions  of  Kettering  ChurcHi 
No B Til  A  M  PTo N 9  H ! H  E ,  a n d  lUustrationa 
of  the  Architectural  Antiquitiei  of  ihe 
County  of  DottHAM.  i 


Parochial   Sermms.     By  ihe  Rtv*  J, 

Garbett. 

THESE  sermons  approach  as  nearly 
as  any  we  have  lately  met  with  to  the 
true  standard  of  what  may  be  called 
parochial  discourses,  enforcing  the 
great  and  leading  doctrines  of  the 
Christian  religion  with  earnestness, 
truth,  and  eloquence.  The  most  se- 
rious cannot  read  them  without  im- 
provement, and  even  the  careless  could 
not  listen  to  them  without  attention  ; 
the  doctrines  of  scripture  are  applied 
directly  to  tbe  conscience  ;  and  the  re* 
suits  of  disobedience  are  painted  ia 
colours  at  once  strong  and  true.  We 
have  often  lamented  that  so  much  good 
sense,  ao  much  correct  reasoning,  sa 
much  religious  feeling,  such  a  warm 
desire  for  the  moral  improvement  of 
mankind,  as  is  seen  in  very  many  of 
the  productions  of  our  present  divines 
and  preachers,  was  not  warmed  and 
animated  by  a  bolder  and  tnore  ener- 
getic pronouncement  of  the  message 
of  the  Gospel.  Bossuet  and  Bourda- 
loue,  the  twin  pillars  of  the  Gallic 
church,  are  unrivalled  in  the  simple 
grandeur  of  their  noble  orations;  we 
have  nothing  in  our  language  to  com- 
pare with  them  ;  nothing  so  apostolic 
in  character,  so  nearly  approaching 
the  very  spirit  of  the  scriptures  them-  : 
selves;  nothing  so  resembling  those 
words  of  power  which  the  messengers 
of  God  are  privileged  to  deliver  to  the 
children  of  men.  Now  we  think  that 
these  discourses  partake  as  much  of  , 


166 


Review. — King  Henry  (he  Seconds 


this  character  as  any  we  could  point 
out*  either  from  our  former  divined  or 
present ;  aiid«  if  assisted  by  ao  elDquent 
delivery*  we  are  sure  that  no  congre- 
gation could  Jistea  to  them  without 
ixnproveiDent. 

The  author  in  his  preface,  after  an 
alluaion  to  the  propagation  of  certain 
doctrines  which  he  cnnaiders  contrary 
to  the  principles  of  the  tUformatioo^ 
•ays, 

**  We  miist  not  lurrender  important 
truths  from  the  feur  of  miirepresentiitioD, 
and  the  pouibility  of  miftconstruction. 
Jufftificdtion,  through  faith  only^  by  the 
merits  of  the  adorable  SaTioor  ;  boUnea« 
at  the  necessary  fruit  and  only  evidence  ; 
the  Image  of  aur  Lord  transfused,  accord* 
ing  to  our  measure,  into  the  souls  of  thone 
who  are  virtually  united  to  hioi ;  the  sole 
authority  of  Scripture  as  tlie  rule  of  faith, 
and  the  pious  mtntstry  of  th«  Church 
as  iutniiiicnts,  divinely  ordered  indeed 
lor  the  promotion  of  the  inward  trans- 
formadou  of  the  soul^  but  valuable  iu  no 
other  sense.  These  are  the  pritidples 
which  are  designed  to  underlie  the  folbw- 
ing  discourses,  and  by  which  alone  they 
are  to  be  measured.** 

We  really  have  do  selection  of 
sermons  to  make^  or  any  particular 
<jnes  to  recomitieod ;  but  the  reader 
may,  if  he  pleascj  turn  to  the  I3tb, 
**BaQishment  from  God's  Presence," 
as  exemplifying  the  qualiiies  which  we 
bave  said  are  to  be  f(>und  in  the  whole 
volume. 

We  have  scarcely  room  to  make  one 
qtiotation^  though  short,  which  we 
take  from  the  scrmoa  "  The  Eesponai- 
bitities  of  a  Christian  Nation." 

**  Dear  ii  the  price,  and  inappredable 
by  human  heart,  the  length,  depth,  and 
breadth,  and  heighth  of  that  lore  which 
haM  porcbased  salvation  for  oa.  The  very 
anigela  would  fain  penetrate  into  that  mys- 
teiy  of  grace  by  which  the  chains  of  the 
pcwFCti  of  darkness  are  and  one  from  our 
limbs,  and  the  love  of  them  from  our  souls , 
and  by  which  the  inheritance  of  saints  re* 
deened,  and  seraphs  who  ha?e  never  fallen , 
bare  been  opened  to  those  who  are  by 
satare  only  ihe  childrea  of  wrath,  and 
Bade  of  linfol  du^t  and  aihes«  Then  think 
for  an  Instant  of  that  machinery  whi<*h  has 
been  set  hi  motion  for  that  purpose  *  No 
simple  act  of  power — no  creative  fial, — 
*  Let  there  be  li(fht  and  there  waa  light, ' — 
but  whacU  within  whecb — Intricacitrti  utit 
Id  be  nnratelled  but  only  by  Intlafce  Wie- 
dom,  aad  eoatrlTaneea  impoealble  bat  fbr 
Oomtpotcnoe.     What  sUr  in  heaven  and 


earth  to  establish  this  kingdom !  What 
commotion  throughout  the  uaiveme  and 
all  its  intelligences  I  Think  of  the  determi- 
nate will  and  foreknowledge  of  God — the 
decree*  fixed  for  eternity,  and  the  Lamb 
slain  from  the  foundation  of  the  world  j 
and  the  commands  issned  forth  to  the 
hierarchies  of  heaven,  and  the  princedoms, 
dominotions,  and  powers,  made  to  minister 
unto  OS  wbo  are  the  heirs  of  salvatioa  ; 
and  the  lips  of  prophets  touched  with 
coals  of  tire  from  off  the  altar,  and  the 
calling  of  saints,  and  the  warnings  of  in- 
spired teachers,  and  the  rod  of  visiUitioa 
upon  the  people,  the  pestilence,  and  the 
fire,  and  Checiword;  and  reluctant  nations 
made  the  insitrumetits  of  Providence,  and 
the  chosen  of  the  seed  of  Abraham,  and 
the  descended  Godhead,  and  the  despised 
and  rtjjected  of  lueu,  and  the  bloody  sweat 
of  Geth^emaue,  und  the  unutterable  an- 
guiah  of  Calvary,  and  the  triumpher  over 
the  pangs  of  the  grave,  and  captivity  led 
captive  by  the  ascending  Conqueror,  and 
the  cloven  tongues  of  lire,  and  the  blood 
of  martyrs  crying  tike  Abel's  from  the 
gronud,  and  the  Church  militant  and  the 
Church  triumphant,  and  nations  tried  in  the 
furnace  of  God's  judgment*,  till  the  earth 
sraokeii  to  beiiven  with  it,  yet  still  blas- 
pheming, and  God's  preachers  warning 
the  laat  times  to  repentance,  and  tlie  con- 
summation of  all  things  at  hand,  and  the 
reign  of  the  ^corner  and  the  infidel,  and 
the  terrible  wrath  to  come,**  8tc.  p.  MH. 


Kinff  Henry  the  Second*  An  Historicai 
Dreaia. 
THIS  ia  one  of  those  productinns  ifi 
which  the  author  seems  superior  to  hie 
work  ;  hut,  a«  the  work  is  the  author'a, 
and  as  every  author  is  supposed  lo  da 
his  best,  what  do  we  mean  ?  why,  that 
from  something  interfering  with  the  full 
flow  uf  his  genius,  as,  for  instance,  a 
defective  subject,  or  from  aoroc  other 
cause,  its  force  and  capability  are  not 
fully  developed.  In  the  present  drama 
we  fcelawaniofiolereetintheprogrese 
of  the  action,  and  in  Ihe  development 
of  the  characters.  The  most  promi- 
nent and  leading  person,  Beckct,  whom 
we  expected  to  t>e  the  mainspring  of 
all  the  dramatic  movements,  disap- 
pears in  the  3rd  Act*  and  the  re- 
mainder of  the  play  is  composed  of 
King  I1enry*s  advcnturea  in  France, 
and,  at  the  termination,  of  his  enmity 
with  Prince  John  his  son.  If,  how- 
ever, aa  kittarical  drama  may  be  con- 
sidered different  in  structure  from 
otbcra.partakingteasof  a  dramatic  cast. 


i 


J 


1844.] 


Review. — Kennedy's  Poems. 


167 


ftnd  being  rather  a  aucceBflion  of  events ; 
10  that  case  we  should  feel  a  want  of 
Bufficiently  atirring  and  interesting 
scenes  and  adventures.  Henry  himself 
is  no  very  heroic  character,  and  the 
others  are  too  faintly  and  indistinctly 
marked,  much  to  engage  our  sympa- 
thies or  awaken  our  curiosity  ;  hut,  in 
saying  this  of  the  plan  of  the  story, 
we  are  quite  willing  to  do  justice  to 
the  author's  poetical  powers,  and  to 
express  the  pleasure  we  have  received 
from  many  detached  passages  and 
scenes.  The  general  language,  the  turn 
of  Tersification,  the  poetical  expres- 
sions, are  cast  in  a  sound  dramatic 
mould  ;  while  the  reasoning,  the  sen- 
timents, and  the  imagery  are  such  as 
to  plea&e  and  exercise  the  mind  j  but 
they  cannot  compensate  for  the  want 
of  variety  and  movement  in  the  con- 
duct and  framework  of  the  story.  We 
give  one  specimcji  of  the  author's  style. 
Henry  is  speaking  of  his  son  Henry« 
who  was  crowned  in  his  father's  life- 
time. 

••  TTiou  need'Bt  not»  T  know  it  all ; 
%%  Icftit,  I  am  not  now  In  heart  to  hear  it ; 
ml  »t  whose  prompting  comes  this  evil  mind 
1  the  deaienletl  boy  7— at  hers,  I  say, 
fliolftst  of  alt  aluoulithourtd  my  sons  vponmc  ; 
fiiot  for  love  of  me,  at  \vaji\  for  love 
r  them— but  all  my  life  tias  cAluiinny 

busy  with  my  name— those  scribbling 
monks,  [culoari 

bey  have    me  down,  I  doubt  not,  iu  such 
I  tbey  daub  the  enemy  of  all  mankind 
I  the  marjE^n  of  their  choicest  mlAnals. 
L  would,  indeefi,  1  wore  a  monk  myRi'lfj 
att  pAdnpf  up  and  down  one  Utile  line 
f  lbODg:ht  and  nrtion»  narrow  as  the  cloisters 
MX  tiwii  would  echo  to  my  lintless  steps. 
»f,  {  would  almost  wish  that  1  were  oue 
f  tliofie  same  simpletons  who  bear  the  cross 
1*0  o*her  lands,  and  leave  their  enemies 
to  reap  the  goodly  harvests  from  their  own ; 
(Ifrt  tbAl  tbey  need  be  very^  provident, 
I  For  few  of  them  return.    Alas  I  1  would 
►  ^Tiat  ]  were  auyttiinpr  but  this.— At  Gloucester, 
When  a  boy^  I  wandered   on    the  ^Jeiioru'si 
banltaf 
'  Indian  deeds  of  that  unbounded  man., 
!  Macedonian  niunarch,  seenird  to  me 
t  erploits  to  be  copie<i,  but  ourdune. 
deed,  what  youth  would  be  content  to  take 
KTlie  fortune  of  the  greatest  that  have  gone 
f  Before  him  7  but  our  life  and  hopes  converge. 
|ICethitikB,  my  well  loved  friend,  that  toil  like 

mioe 

{ liif^ht  have  soflSjced  to  rise,  and,  what  in  more^ 
|To  govern  kingdoma ;  yet  my  sovereig-nty 
^       I  day  by  day  to  frow  less  firm  ;  why,  fools 
Save  rul'd  vast  empires,  seeminj^iy  with  ease. 
^  IVbate'er  I  purpose,  tho*  with  dePi>est  trarti 


designed,  an  odious  progeny  of  cl&n^ers 
Grow  round  it  continually  to  ^aw  Us  Hfe  out^, 
Such  monsters  as  encirckd  that  poor  maid 
Whom  Glacins  lov'd  and  Circe  chang'd  so 

fully ; 
Tliese  were  her  offsprings  too. — Well,  Arundel^ 
Now  say  what  is  it  that  you  bear  for  Eng^land ; 
But  first  brinif  Essex  to  the  Cboncil  Chamber; 
What  may  concern  the  public  weal  read  there. 
What  else  thou  hast,  to  morrow  at  this  time 
And  place  we'll  bear  J' 


PQfma  %  C,  B,  Kmnedy,  E$q^ 
A  VOLUME  of  pleasing,  correct, 
and  elegant  composition,  partly  origi- 
nal and  partly  translated.  We  shall 
give  a  Bpecimen  of  both  ;  for  the 
former, 

THOUOHT  AKI>  DEKD. 

Fall  many  a  lig^ht  thought  man  may  cherish. 
Full  many  an  idle  deed  may  do  ; 

Yet  not  a  deed  nor  thniigbt  shall  periah, 
Not  one  hat  he  shall  bless  or  rue. 

When  hy  the  wind  the  tree  U  shaken, 
There  is  not  a  bough  or  leaf  can  fall. 

Bat  of  its  falling  heed  h  taken 
By  One  that  sees  and  governs  all. 

The  tree  may  fall  and  be  forgotten, 
And  buried  in  the  earth  remain  ; 

Yet  from  Ha  jaicea  rank  and  rotten 
Spring*  vegetating  life  again. 

The  world  is  with  creation  teeming. 
And  nothing  cTer  wholly  dies, 

And  things  that  are  destroyed  in  seeming 
lo  other  shapes  and  forms  arise. 

And  nature  still  unfolds  I  he  tissue 
Of  unseen  works  by  spirits  wrought, 

And  not  a  woik  but  hath  its  issue 
With  blessing  or  with  evil  fraugijtt. 

And  thou  roay'st  seem  to  leave  behind  thee 
All  memory  of  the  sinful  post  ; 

Yet  oh  !  he  sure  thy  sin  shnll  find  thee, 
And  thou  shalt  know  ita  fruits  at  last  I 

Frora  the  translations  we  select  the 
Ode  lo  Napoleon,  by  Manzont. 

He  wat :  and  as  all  mutbnledft, 

After  the  mortal  sigh, 
The  carcase  lay  inanimate 

Of  the  great  Spirit  reft. 
So  stmck  in  mute  aj^tonishtnent 

Earth  at  the  message  stands, 

YeSi  mtitef  and  thinking  of  the  laat 

Hour  of  the  fatal  man  ; 
Nor  knoweth  shej  when  any  like 

Stamp  of  a  mortal  guest, 
Her  bloody  stained  dust  will  see 

Imprint  itself  again. 

Their  high  king  on  bis  throne  mj  muie 
Beheld,  and  silent  vr&s; 


168 


Review, — The  Rector  in  Search  uf  a  Curate.  [Feb. 


While  he^  in  quick  Ticissitade, 
Fell,  rose,  and  proitriite  lay  t 

Amid  A  thousand  voices  round 
She  mingled  Dot  her  own. 

From  servile  flattery  virgin^purer 

And  outrage  cowardly, 
She  rose,  by  sudden  Yftaisbing 

Moved  of  fto  bright  a  ray, 
Atid  pours  around  his  ura  a  aoQg 

That  haply  will  not  die. 

From  Alp -rock  to  the  Pyramid, 
From  Mansanar  to  the  Rhine, 

Hit  thunderbolt  its  course  secure 
Behind  the  hghtniiig  kept, 

From  Scylla  iew  to  Tauaie 
From  one  to  th^ other  aea. 

TVue  glory  was  it  ?  Tlie  unborn 

Alone  can  then  decide. 
Let  us  to  the  Almighty  hnw^ — 

To  God,  who  chose  in  him 
Of  the  creative  power  diviae 

A  trace  more  vast  to  leave. 

The  stormfnl  and  the  trembling  joy 

Of  mighty  enterprise  ; 
The  anxious  heart  tntameable. 

That  burned  to  gain  a  throne, 
And  gamed  it,  wou  a  prize  that  erst 

Madness  it  were  to  hope. 

All  that  he  proved  ; — the  glory  hy 
The  danger  more  enhanced, 

Flight,  victory  ;  the  palace  now, 
And  now  the  exile's  paog  : 

Twice  in  the  dust  laid  low,  and  twice 
Upon  the  altar  raised. 

He  named  himself;  two  aget,  one 

Against  the  other  armed, 
To  him  Buhtniifisive  turn  tbemaelvea, 

As  waiting  Fate's  decree  : 
He  ordered  silence,  and  between, 

Their  arbiter,  he  sate. 

He  vanished  ;'-his  inactive  days 
Closed  in  a  narrow  space ; 

Of  boundtess  envy  ttUl  the  mark, 
And  of  compassion  deep, 

Of  ineitingnishable  hate. 
And  of  un conquered  love. 

At  o'er  a  shipwrecked  manner 

The  wave  sore  pressing  rolls, 
The  wave  on  which  the  unhappy  one 

Sato  tossing,  stretch  hit  eyes 
Arcmnd  far  glancing  to  discern 

Some  distant  shore  in  vain  ; 
So  when  this  man's  soul  the  sweep 

Of  memories  rolling  came, 
How  oftea  lo  posteritf 

His  life  Isle  be  began 
To  tell ;  but  on  th'  eternal  page 

His  hand  fell  weary  down. 

How  many  times  upon  the  calm 
Close  of  an  idle  day* 

f 


The  length 'ning  rays  declined,  his  arms 

Foldfrd  upon  his  breast. 
He  stood  ;  and  of  the  days  that  were. 

Remembrance  o'er  him  rushed. 

He  thought  upon  the  moving  tents, 

The  stricken  rampart  w^ill^. 
The  glittering  of  Che  nianiplca, 

The  waves  of  cavalry, 
The  tierce  impetuous  command, 

And  swift  obedience. 

Ah  3  at  the  torturing  thought,  perhaps, 

His  spirit  breathless  sank, 
And  he  despaired  j  hut  then  there  came 

A  powerful  hand  from  Heaven, 
And  to  a  purer  atmosphere, 

Him  mercifully  bore  ; 

And  by  her  flowery  paths  of  hope 

To  the  eternal  fields 
Conducted  bim,  to  a  land 

Surpassing  his  desires, 
Where  all  the  glories  of  the  past 

As  night  and  silence  were, 

Beauties,  immortal,  bountiful, 

Faitli  ever  triumphing, 
Be  written  also  this  :  rejoice 

That  a  more  haughty  pride 
To  the  disgrace  of  Golgotha 

Did  never  bend  before. 

Then  from  his  weary  ashes  keep 

All  bitter  words  away  : 
He  who  strikes  down  and  raises  up, 

Afflicteth  and  consoles, 
The  Lord,  upon  his  couch  forlorn 

Close  at  his  aide  reposed. 

The    translation    of    Semele,   froni" 
Schiller,  is  well  executed  ;  and,  indeed, 
the  whole  volume  bears  testimony  to 
the  talents  and   elegant  ncquiremcnts 
of  the  author. 


TA**  Recior  m  starch  of  a  Curate. 
THE  author  of  this  work,  whoever  he 
ia,  is  well- acquainted  with  his  subject. 
The  points  of  opinion  which  appear  most 
prominently  are  biseulogy  of  Romaine, 
Scott,  Venn.  Cecil,  Simeon,  and  others, 
whom  he  calls  *' the  chariot  of  IsraeJ, 
and  the  horsemen  thereof,"  and  the 
strong  language  be  uses  whenever  he 
mentions  the  Oxford  divines.  Such 
language  as  the  following  is  painful 
to  find  amid  the  better  feeling  that 
aurrounds  it :  "  *  Mary,  my  deaf,  you 
are  my  Ubrariao,  put  up  these  two 
hooka ;  you  know  iheir  places,  I  be- 
lieve/ -  On  the  keretk'9^hd(,  papa  ?' 
•  Yea ;  next  to  the  Oxford  tracts.' "  The 
language  used  also  in  conjunclton 
with  the  name  of  Mr,  Froude  we 
should  much  wish  had  been  omitted^ 


1844.} 


Review. — The  Order  of  Daily  Servtee,  Ac. 


I 


for  we  do  not  tbink  it  of  the  tone  or 
spirit  which  churchmen  should  use 
towards  their  brethren,  "  Hold  fast 
the  faith/'  aays  a  witty  divine,  "but 
don't  keep  rapping  your  neighbour's 
knuckles  all  the  while/'  The  whole 
chapter  of  the  Anglo-Catholic  is  not 
written  according  to  our  feeling  of 
good  taste,  resting  too  much  on  the 
extravagances  of  some  few  over- 
zealous  and  ascetic  persons,  whose 
actions  are  really  of  no  consequence 
in  the  roaifi  argument  connected  with 
the  opinions  and  principles  of  the  lead* 
ing  writers  and  tncmhers  of  that  party. 
As  regards  the  subject  of  recreation 
and  amuaemeot,  the  author  sides  with 
the  more  ierious  view  of  the  question, 
and  adduces  the  instance  of  dances 
and  cards.  As  wc  neither  dance,  nor 
play,  nor  shoot,  nor  hunt,  we  have  no 
bias  on  this  disputed  subjecti  but  we 
know  excellent  parish  priests  who  do  ; 
And  we  think  that  no  advantage  win 
be  gained  by  treating  the  subject  in 
the  contracted  view  in  whtch  it  is 
looked  at  here  and  elsewhere,  or  making 
It  the  watchword  of  a  party ;  and*  be- 
tides, there  never  will  be  unanrtnity  in 
the  opinions  or  practice  of  the  clergy 
on  such  points  as  these,  where  no  m- 
noroHti/  is  presumed,  and  the  practice, 
for  sufficient  reasons,  must  be  left  to 
each  individuars  feelings  of  propriety 
And  right ;  and  we  rou^t  observe  that  a 
relinquishment  of  these  amusements 
must  arise  from  a  desire  to  fall  in  with 
the  feelings  of  certain  classes  of  society 
In  the  present  day,  and  not  from  a 
conviction  of  their  inherent  sinfulness  ; 
for,  if  sinful  now  and  in  the  present 
day,  they  must  have  been  equally  so 
in  the  past ;  and  then  what  venerable 
names  would  have  instantly  a  cloud 
drawn  over  their  former  brightness  ! 
Only  a  very  few  years  have  passed  since 
We  have  seen  two  bishops  (one  now 
,^ltve)  playing  fralernally  the  rubber  of 
whist,  and  two  more  learned,  pious, 
diligent,  and  even  illostrtous  men  did 
not  adorn  the  bench.  Why  do  we 
mentian  this  ?  because  we  do  not  join 
io  any  feeling  of  disapprobation  or 
♦ensure,  nor  do  we  think  it  often 
©f  any  use  to  draw  prohibitory  lines 
<ii  iuch  matters.  Chap.  7,  "The  Un- 
fortunate Man/'  is  very  amusing  and 
well-drawn,  and  has  somewhat  of 
novelty  about  it.  We  also  recommend 
the  ninth  chapter,  called  the  ^fil- 
Gbnt,  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


lenarian,  which  we  are  inclined  to  rank 
with  the  best  and  most  important  ia 
the  volume. 


TJie  Order  of  Daily  Service,  8fc,  with  j 
Fkm  J^iae,  SfC. 
THIS  manual  of  Plain-chant  for  the 
use  of  choirs  is  very  elegantly  got  up, 
and  forms  a  inost'interestiug  volume. 
The  editor  says  that  it  was  originally  I 
intended  to  **  define  the  intentions  of  I 
the  Church  of  England  with   respect  ^ 
to  the  use  of  music  in  divine  "service  /*" 
but    the    materials     accumulated     so  ] 
rapidly,  as  to  render  it  more  suitable  ' 
to  reserve  the  subject  for  future  con- 
sideration.   The  editor  aho  observei  j 
*'  that  the  whole  history  of  Eogliak  j 
church  music*  from  the  beginning  of] 
the  I(jth  century  downwards,  must,  ia 
fact,  liave  been  re-written/'      Neither 
Borncy  nor  Hawkins  enquired  into  the 
subject  ^cMaitkally  ;   and   Hawkint  1 
often  betrays  ignorance  so  gross  as  to 
show  that  for  this  part  of  his  subject  | 
he  was  utterly  unfit.     "  What  can  we  i 
think,   for  example,  of  his   ascribing 
the  compoBitiooB  of  four  or  five  of  the 
Gregorian  tones  for  the  Psalms  to  an 
organist  of  Windsor  in  the  reign    of 
Edward   the   Sixth  r"      In    his    very 
useful  preface  the  editor  informs  u», 

^'Thnt  in  the  I6tb  century  the  term' 
plain  tune  was  sometimes  used  to  express 
any  kind  of  uniaanouM  tinging*  Thus  i 
the  Confession  of  the  Paritans,  157 If 
(Neale^  p.  480,)  they  lay,  *  concerning 
the  singing  of  Psalms  we  allow  of  the 
people^tf  joitiing  with  one  toice  in  a  pfain 
itijie,  but  not  of  tossing  the  Psalms  from  ^ 
one  aide  totlie  other  ;'  thst  i;^,  they  called 
the  iiiie  of  metrical  Psslm  tunes  io  unisoiu 
At  first,  however,  the  greater  part  of  the  ' 
Psalm  tunei  (thtt  even  the  PurititUB  used) 
were  Adaptations  of  the  old  melodies  of  | 
the  Hymna  in  the  Breviory  to  modem 
versification^  Afterwards,  when  the  Psalm 
tunes  used  to  bare  any  relation  to  Orcforia^ 
mtisic,  the  tnelodies  con  tin  tied  to  be  termed 
the  plain  tnne,  as  distinguiahed  from  the 
harmonies  that  were  set  to  them/* 

Of    the    present    compilation    the 
author  thus  speake  : 

"  That  something  of  the  kind  was 
wanted  is  admitted  by  Dr.  Buniey  :  and 
when  it  is  coniidered  that  above  a  century 
and  1  half  has  elapsed  since  the  publication 
of  the  most  recent  work  professing  to  be 
a  directory  for  the  plain  »ong  of  cathedral  ] 
service,  and  owing  to  the  extreme  rarity 
both  of  that  and  the  other  formularies 
Z 


i 


170 


Revibw.— Dickens's  Christmoi  CarpL 


[Feb. 


already  noticed,  that  the  practice  of  choirs 
has  for  a  long  period  rested  solely    on 
tradition,  it  is  hoped  no  apology  will  he 
reqaired  for  the  present  undertaking,  even 
though  the  editor  is  unahle  to  hoast  of  the 
qualifications  which  Dr.  Burney  seemed 
to  reckon  indispens^le  to  the  labour.* 
If  the  book  has  no  other  merit  it  has  at 
least  that  of  completeness,  so  far  as  the 
order  of  daily  service  and  the  office  of  the 
Holy   Communion  arc  concerned.     The 
publication  of  Merbeck  wanted  the  Litany, 
that  of  Lotee  nearly  all  the  plain  song  given 
in  Merbeck *s  work,  except  the  intonations 
of  the  versicles  and  suffrages,  which  are 
inaccurately  printed.      There    was    not, 
therefore,  in  existence  any  publication  in 
which   the  scattered  fragments  of  plain 
song  were  brought  together.      Besides, 
the  first  Prayer  book  of  Edward  VI.  to 
which  Merbeck  adapted  plain  song,  differs 
from  that  now  in  use,  both  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Morning  and  Evening 
Prayer,  and  in  the  office  of  the  Com- 
munion.   The  music  accordingly  required 
to  be  re-adapted  to  suit  the  changes  made 
at  the  revision  of  1G63,  and  though  Lowe 
professed  to  do  this  in  the  preface  to  his 
work,  it  is  quite  certain  that  he  made  no 
attempt  of  the  kind.    Whether  the  attempt 
has  succeeded  in  the  present  work  must 
be  left  to  the  judgment  of  the  learned  and 
musical  reader,"  &c. 


A  Chrittmoi  Carol,     By  Charles 

Dickeos. 
IT  is  impossible  to  read  Mr.  Dickens's 
works  without  being  convinced  that 
he  18  a  man  possessed  of  very  kindly 
feelings.  He  has  shewn  this  in  his 
delineation  of  the  character  of  the 
amiable  Pickwick,  in  oar  favourite 
Smike,  and  the  little  milliner,  and, 
indeed,  throughout  his  various  enter- 
taining volumes.  His  powers  of  ob- 
aervation,  also,  must  be  very  great,  as 
we  constantly  meet  with  little  graphic 
touches  equally  affecting  and  true  to 
nature.  He  in,  indeed,  a  sort  of  Tenicrs 
or  Wilkie,  and,  like  them,  portrays 
scenes  in  humble  life  with  a  force  and 
accuracy  which  exonerate  him  from 
the  charge  of  either  exaggeration  or 
flights  of  fancy.  This  undoubtedly 
constitutes  one  of  the  great  charms  of 
his  writings.  These  observations  will 
apply  peculiarly  to  Mr.  Dickens's 
Christmas    Carol,    written    evidently 

*  Merbeck's  work  was  printed  in  1550. 
Edward  Lowe's  little  work  in  1661,  and 
in  1664. 


with  the  intention  of  opening  the 
hearts  of  the  rich  towards  the  poor  at 
the  season  of  turkeys  and  mioce  pies, 
roast  beef  and  plum-puddings.  Nor 
have  his  benevolent  intentions  been 
unavailing,  as  we  have  reason  to  believe 
that  more  extensive  kindness  has  been 
dispensed  to  those  who  are  in  want  at 
the  present  season  than  at  any  pre- 
ceding one. 

In  the  "Christmas  Carol"  a  rich 
old  miser  of  the  name  of  Scrooge  has 
long  shut  his  heart  against  the  dis- 
tresses of  his  fellow  creatures,  but  is 
at  length  visited  by  some  compunctions 
of  conscience  in  consequence  of  fearful 
dreams,  or  rather  of  visits  from  three 
spirits  in  the  shape  of  Father  Christ- 
mas, past,  present,  and  to  come.    Like 
Don  Cleophas,  in  the  Devil  on  Two 
Sticks,  he  is  made  to  accompany  these 
spirits  in  succession,  and  to  witness 
scenes    while    he    remains    invisible, 
which  convince  him  at  length  of  the 
wickedness  of  his  own  conduct,  and 
induce  him  in  the  end  to  make  all  the 
restitution  in  his  power.     He  has  a 
worthy  but  half-sUrved  clerk  of  the 
name  of  Cratchit,  on  whom  he  bestows 
a  salary  of  fifteen  shilling  a  week,  oot 
of  which  he  has  to  mainuin  a  wife 
and  some  five  or  six  children.     It  is  to 
the  Christmas  feast  of  this  humble 
family  to  which  we  would  particularly 
refer,  not  only  because  we  think  Mr. 
Dickens  shines  most  in  his  relations 
of  the  "simple  annals  of  the  poor,"  bat 
because  we  find  something  irreaistibly 
beautiful  and  affecting  in  the  whole 
description.    Tiny  Tim  is  quite  per- 
fection, and  will  serve  as  an  illastration 
of  the  great  affection  shewn  by  the 
poorer  classes  to  a  diseased  or  deformed 
child.     Indeed  it  is  impossible  to  visit 
the  gardens  of  Hampton  Court  on  a 
Monday  in  the  summer  without  seeing 
numerous  proofs  of  this.     Often  have 
we  watched  a  mechanic  carrying  in  his 
arms  a  little  cripple,  eying  it  with 
affection,  and  occasionally  pointing  cot 
some  object  of  interest  to  it.      Some- 
times he  will  gently  seat  it  on  the 
grass,  watching   it  while  it  plucka  a 
daisy,  or  crawls  over  the  verdant  turf. 
Nor'  is  this  to  be  wondered  at.    Tht 
children  of  the  poor  are  partakers  with 
their  parents  of  the  same  dish,  the  same 
room,  and  frequently  of  the  same  bed. 
They  are  the  sharers  of  their  poverty 
as  well  as  of  their  more  smiling  hoara« 


184-4.] 


Mkcellaneoiis  Rev ieivs , 


m 


and  are  iheir  constant  compaoions^  the 
objects  of  their  love,  whether  in  wea! 
or  wo€  ;  and  to  the  credit  of  the  poor  it 
may  he  added,  that  when  sickness  and 
old  age  arrive,  the  lie  of  affection  is 
still  unbroken^  and  they  continue  to 
ehare  in  the  hard  earnings  of  their 
offspring. 

In  thedevelopemenlof  Mr.  Dickens's 
tale  kindness  to  the  poor  is  admirably 


inculcated,  and  it  is  altogether  well 
calculated  to  cement  the  tie  between  the 
rich  and  those  who  have  to  struggle 
with  poverty  and  miaforlnne.  Tha 
means  of  {promoting  the  happiness  of 
others  ha*  been  liberally  dispeo'sed  to 
many,  and  well  is  it  for  them  if  they 
use  these  means  *'  in  providing  for  the 
sick  and  needy/'  and  thus  "laying  up 
for  themselves  treasure  in  heaven.*' 


Tkouffhtt  and  Rejleciiont  on  Sickneaa 
and  JjiicHon.  By  A.  R.  Sanderson, 
M.D, — This  book  is  above  any  praise  by 
HI  J  and  criticism  must  find  subject*  more 
appropriate  for  it.  Here  the  Physician  of 
Dtil  is  united  to  him  who  cures  the 
i  of  the  body,  and  his  voice,  perhaps, 
Fbe  heard  by  ears  that  are  deaf  to  other 
teachers.  The  work  is  the  production  of 
a  mind  fiUed  with  the  deepest  sentiments 
of  religion,  and  expressing  itself  on  the 
iiK^t  jiirful  and  important  subjects  con- 
nected with  the  trial  and  destiny  of  man, 
Wc  read  it,  not  to  remark  any  faults  in 
the  com  position »  but  to  profit  by  the 
riches  of  its  instruction » 


Remark t  on  the  Book  of  Pmhm,  a« 
prophetic  of  the  Meggiah >—Thh  work  Is 
dedicated  to  the  venerable  Martin  Rauth« 
Presideat  of  Magdalen  College,  in  a  dtiti^ 
ful  and  affectionate  spirit ^  and  it  will  be 
read  with  advantage  and  inslructiun  j  at 
least  we  can  say  that  we  have  profited  by 
the  knowledge  of  the  author, 

Hmt»  ioward  the  Format wn  qf  Charac- 
ier.  By  a  Pimn^tpoken  En^HthwomaH,^- 
This  little  volume  i«j  to  be  recommended 
for  the  sound  relig^ious  principles  on  which 
it  is  writtcnf  and  for  tlic  moral  instr^iction 
it  conveys.  It  contains  much  practical 
wisdom  for  the  conduct  of  social  and  do- 
mestic life  I  it  examines  the  cause  and 
result  of  the  prevailing  vices  and  follies  ; 
it  offers  advice  to  those  undertaking  the 
more  important  and  essential  duties  ;  it 
discloses  the  probable  causes  of  failure 
and  disappointments  in  the  various  under- 
takings of  life  ;  in  shorty  it  is  a  good 
hand*book  of  sound  knowledge  and  in- 
formation, and  might  be  equally  Dieful 
whether  placed  in  the  work-bag  of  the 
spioater,  or  under  the  marriage- pillow  of 
the  bride. 


Manual  of  Devotion,  By  en  OcUgifUi  - 
ri^n,  Dwoiiontfor  the  Sick  Raom. — ^In 
the  first  of  these  works  the  hymns  are 
weU  chosen  \  but  the  [traycrs  are  not,  in 
the  selection  of  the  autborsr  altogether 
such  as  we  should  have  pointed  out ;   the 


names  of  most  of  them  being  absolutely 
unknown  to  all,  except  a  particular  circle 
of  readers  ;  nor  is  there  scarcely  one  taken 
from  the  great  divines  of  our  Church, 
Andrewes,  Sanderson^  Taylor,  Barrow, 
Hooker,  Pefirson.  are  ail  passed  by  for 
Miss  Kennedy  and  Mrs.  Tuonipson,  and 
Dr.  Greville,  and  Bclfrage,  and  Jinks. 
The  devotions  of  the  second  work  ara 
compiled  from  the  ancient  liturgies  and 
books  of  devotion,  and  most  of  them  will 
recommend  themselves  to  the  reader  by 
their  inherent  excellence. 


7^e  Poyeant,  a  Tale.  By  T.  Paget, 
jV/,^4.^Xhls  little  work  is  of  a  different 
character  from  it*  predecessors  by  the 
same  pen»  but  nevertheless  wc  like  it  very 
much.  It  contains  a  pleasing  and  inte-  ' 
resting  tale,  inculcating  a  great  moral 
lesson— that,  namely,  of  humanity  to  our 
fellow-creatures.  The  chief  object  which  the 
author  has  in  view  is  to  expose  the  hardships 
and  sufterings  of  a  large  and  helpless  class 
of  the  community*  the  young  persons  who 
are  employed  in  the  metropolis  in  making 
up  female  apparcL  Our  readers  may  not 
be  aware,  perhaps,  that  a  society  has  been 
formed  for  the  express  purpose  of  allevi* 
atiog  the  sufferinga  endured  in  silence  and 
patience  by  this  class.  Little  are  th« 
wearers  of  many  a  beautiful  and  costly 
dress  conscious  how  small  a  portion  Aj 
the  targe  sums  which  they  arc  compelled 
to  pay  for  these  articles  of  apparel  falls  to 
the  share  of  the  OTertaaked,  ill-fed,  and 
ill-used  young  persons  who  work  at  them 
during  half,  and  sometitQes  the  whole 
night,  with  scarcely  any  rest,  and,  what 
is  stili  more  sad,  frequently  during  the 
Sunday  as  well.  The  volume  abounds  in 
startling  facts,  and  contains  some  verj^ 
wholesome  lessons,  and  is  equally  credit- 
able to  the  understanding  and  heart  of  iti 
author. 

The  Georyiek*  of  ViryiL  By  Rev,  J* 
M.  King,  -4,3/.— Wben  Mr.  King,  in  hi« 
preface,  observed  that  the  Georgicka  •'  waa 
the  most  perfect  composition  in  the  work!, 
and  the  most  inadeqvatety  tramlated,  *' 
had  he  not  read,  or  had  be  overlooked, 


172 


Mi$€$lUm€ouM  RevkwM. 


[Feb. 


Mr.  Sotheby'f  bcautiAil  veraion,  that 
seems  to  reader  another  superfluoui ?  Mr. 
King's  own  translation  is  Tcry  creditable 
to  him,  and  is  often  superior  to  Warton's. 
We  give  a  specimen  from  the  4th  book, 
(p.  ISO.) 

All  dangers  past,  the  re-united  pair 
Retrace  their  steps,  and  seek  the  upper  air. 
Td  Orpheus*  steps  Eurydice'i  succeed, 
For  such  the  order  Proserpine  decreed, 
VThen  lo !  his  haste  unahle  to  restrain, 
AnxiouH  one  answering  look  of  love  to  gain, 
He  turned ;— could  pity  move  a  Stygian  breast. 
Sure  then  Hell's  spirits  had  its  power  confnt  1 
Qose  on  earth's  confines,  when  one  moment 

more 
Should  to  his  arms  Bur)'dice  restore. 
His  own  Eurydice ;  yet  thought  fbrsook 
The  eager  lover,  and  he  stopped  to  look. 
Now  useless  all  tlie  skill  and  care  employed. 
The  ruthless  King  declares  the  league  da- 

stroy*d« 
Then  a  deep  groan  the  lake's  dull  silence  broke. 
As  wild  with  love  and  anguish  thus  he  spoke : 
<*  Oh  I  who,  and  wliat  great  madness  could  com. 

bine 
Lover  and  mistress  in  one  fite  to  Join? 
Fast  on  my  swimming  eyelids  shadows  fall. 
Again  the  adverse  gods  my  soul  recall. 
FUvwell  I  one  long  farewell !  thick  darlcness  lies 
My  form  around !  no  more  my  hand  shall  rise, 
No  longer  thine,  in  supplicating  guise." 
She  spolce,  and  vanished  from  his  wond'ring 

eyes. 
As  when  thin  smoke  dissolves  into  the  skies. 
She  saw  him  not  with  frantic  gestures  stretch 
His  arms  her  shade  impalpable  to  catch, 
She  beard  him  not,  though  much  she  wished  to 

hear, 
And  much  he  wished  to  pour  into  her  ear. 
In  vain  be  strove  to  reach  the  infernal  shore. 
The  surly  ferryman  refused  his  oar; 
Twice  from  his  arms  the  Fates  his  mistress 

bear; 
What  could  he  do  ?  or  how  that  loss  repair  7 
Will  Pluto  listen  when  bis  cry  he  hears  ? 
Or  Hell's  stem  deities  regard  his  tears? 
To  the  dark  shores  he  sees  the  pinnace  turn, 
Where  her  pale  shadow  shivers  in  the  stern. 
For  seven  long  months,  so  chronicles  relate, 
By  Stymen's  lonely  wave  be  wept  his  fste,  <cc. 

We  fear  that  there  are  few  laurels  to 
gather  from  any  new  translation  of  Virgil ; 
but  Claudian  is  a  beautiful  poet,  and  opens 
a  new  field  to  any  one  who  possesses 
poetical  talent,  command  of  language, 
and  musical  versification. 


The  Bath*  qf  Oermany,  Sfc.  By  Edwin 
Lee.  9nd  edit, — A  very  useful  and  in- 
teresting guide  to  the  medicinal  baths  of 
Germany :  a  country  peculiarly  favoared 
by  Providence  with  waters  of  salubrity, 
fountains  of  health  and  rejuvenescence. 
The  author  also  mentions  the  French  and 
Swiss  baths ;  and  gives  ui  his  opinion  also 


on  the  GdLd»w«t«-c«re.  tht  _ 
improvement  to  a  new  oditiom  of  thia 
volume  would  be,  we  are  tare,  anuU 
oonvenient  map  of  those  parti  of  Gemum j 
where  the  baths  are  sitoated,  which  are 
not  Tery  distinctly  known  to  foreignen, 
and  especially  to  the  EngUA.  V^th  thia 
map  as  a  guide,  a  pleasant  aumBier  tour 
might  be  made,  jonmeying  from  one  to 
another,  and  **  sipping  the  dewa**  from  all. 
Aa  the  country  in  which  they  are  aituatad 
is  in  general  beautiful,  and  as  the  artieles 
of  life  arc  cheap,  we  scarcely  know  a  more 
rational  method  of  passing  two  or  three 
of  the  summer  months,  imbibing,  at  the 
same  time,  health,  instmctioiii  and  amoae- 
ment. 

ieabeile,  a  7\i/e  of  Sptnn,  tmd  otUr 
Poemt, — 

RBCOLLBCTIONS. 

There  is  a  feeling,  calm  and  holy. 

That  o'er  the  veriest  senses  ateah, 
It  breathea  a  tone  of  melanoholy, 

And  yet  a  silent  jot  rereala. 
It  is,  when  Memory  loves  to  dwell 

On  the  bright  visions  of  the  putt, 
Times  that  our  fancy  loved  so  well, 

Too  bright,  too  beautiful  to  laat. 
We  love  to  muse  on  childhood's  hoiir« 

When  all  that  met  our  gaae  was  br^t, 
To  feel  again  that  thrilling  power, 

That  waked  our  infantine  delight. 
And  how  each  fair,  each  winning  ioeiie« 

That  charm 'd  us  with  its  sunny  amile, 
Vanish*d  as  though  it  ne'er  hadoeena 

Or  lingered  only  for  the  while. 

And  though  long  years  have  thlnn'd  oar 
brow. 

And  quench'd  the  vigour  of  the  frawt. 
Each  happy  scene  is  treasured  now, 

In  all  its  loveliness  the  same. 
O  yes  !  'tis  sweet  indeed  to  dwell 

On  the  bright  visions  of  the  past. 
Scenes  that  our  fancy  lov*d  too  well, 

Too  bright,  too  beautiful  to  last. 

Z.e//tFt  from  the  Virgin  bhmde.^A, 
small  volume  of  light  and  agreeable 
reading,  containing  a  number  of  little 
anecdotes  and  narratives,  from  whieh,  if 
correct  and  well  chosen,  more  ia  to  be 
learnt  of  the  mannera  and  habita  of  a 
people,  than  from  a  formal  and  graver 
history.  The  style  is  as  follows,  (p.  88.) 
•«  The  Creole  girls  are  exceedingly  agree- 
able ;  notwithstanding  their  rich  American 
drawl,  and  their  inddent  habita,  seen  in 
their  slipshod  attire,  still  are  there  many 
good  qualities  to  counterbalance.  They 
are  kind-hearted  creaturea,  whose  whole 
soula  are  wrapped  up  in  the  duties  re- 
quired of  them.    Aa  the  circle  of  ^"^-'~ 


1844.] 


New  Pubbcatioiu. 


m 


deiiro»,  perbapi  their  kiiowlodgd,  u  oftei» 
bono  deft  by  their  oirn  sea-^rt  islet; 
Tbe  feelini^s  Ihas  coofiiied  appear  to  play 
ftroiifer  for  it ;  like  the  vibratioaa  of  a 
w«tcb,  IhAt  becomje  quicker  aa  you  contract 
thdr  range*  The  man  who  findt  out,  in 
bit  total  devotion  to  himfielf,  some  thing 
to  eozapenAate  for  dimity  of  micD  and 
eleg^aAce  in  acquirements,  ^oen  not  deserve 
half  the  love  with  which  an  idaad  maiden's 
fine  •  Ionic  eyes  *  would  be  lighted  for 
htoit  Then  they  are  the  beit  nurgcfi  any 
where  t — but  I  cannot  add,  appareiiUy  at 
leait,  the  quietc«t  mistresses.  Dear,  aweet 
girU,  1  pray  acquire  a  tooe  of  less  im* 
perioiwnefts  to  yoor  doraeatioe,*'  fitc.  We 
must  ^re,  as  a  great  curiosity »  a  genuine 
and  original  love  letter  from  a  talfie  swain 
to  hit  table  sweetheart ;  a  faithless  house- 
naaid  stole  it  while  its  on^ner  was  asleep, 
and  carried  it  to  her  master,  who  printed 
it,  and  here  it  is  : 
**  Dear  Cattryn, 
"  Daremneh  fine  house,  and  bera  much 
ship  here ;  bera  much  fine  gal  too  ;  but 
me  loh  CaCrya  all  time.  Buddy  Smit 
4ay  dat  nigger  Jock  com  see  you.  JIfe  ioo 
pmU  wid  lub,  [ihk  u  a  Jimt  Mii^kt,^  hope 


you  heart  like  mine.  You  bery  dear  to 
George,  Me  work  for  oue  dollar  by  day 
here.  Buddy  Smith  bring  you  dis :  he  say 
me  luh  you  too  much,  Catryn." 


Holy  Baptism,  Pray  en  t  MedUaiion§, 

and  atlect  Paaiugu    on  ihe  Sacrament 
of  BapiiMm^  with  (he  Baptismal   OJht^ 
according    io    the    uite   q/'  tkf    Bmfflith 
CAurck,     Sgvare  lawo*— Thi*  heautiful 
little  hook    remit! ds    us    very   m^cb   ii| 
its  form*  and  in  tlie  mode  in  which  it  ill 
got  np,  speaking  typographically,  of  iomt.] 
of  the  smaller  devotiuniil  works  which  ap^.f 
pe&red  in  the  latter  part  of  tbe  sixteen t^  J 
oeutnry  and  begin ui tig  of  ihe  seventeenth  |  J 
with  this  exception  only,  that  we  think  i%J 
superior  to  its  predecessors.     It  is  com* 7 
po&ed    of    passages    selected     from    thaj 
writings  of  the  most  etniuent  divines  Oi  J 
every   age,  in   the  list  of  whom  will  htt 
found  the  most  distinguished  ornaments  of 
our  own  venerable  and  apostolic  Church, 
and  the  whole  Belection  has  been  mi  ' 
by   Archdeacon   Manntn;^,  who  has  alsibi 
enriched  the  work  with  a  preface  from  hi^ 
own  pen. 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE. 


MmW  FITBLIOATIOMa. 
Hiti&ry  and  Biography, 

History  of  Scotland.  By  Patrick 
FaAsan  TvTi.jtR,  esq.  Vol.  9  (complc- 
tion).    8vo,   12*, 

History  of  the  British  Empire  in  India. 
By  Edward  Thornton,  esq.  Vol  5 
(completion).     Bvo.  \6g. 

Memoirs  of  Mary  Stuart,  Queen  of 
Scotland.  By  L,  Stanhopb  F»  Buck- 
iHdHAU,     2  vols.     Bvo.  28t. 

Life  and  Times  of  the  Good  Lord  Coh- 
ham.  By  Thomas  Oaupby,  author  of 
"The  LoUards,*'  «cc»     3  vols,  post  H?o. 

Hbtorical  Record  of  the  Eleventh ,  or  the 
*' Prinw  Albert's  Own,"  Regiment  of 
Hosaart;  rontaininf  an  Account  of  tbe 
7on&attOQ  of  the  ilegimcnt  in  1715,  and 
ofitseubseqaent  services  to  1 84 S.  870.  Sm, 

Pictorial  History  of  France,  and  of  the 
French  people,  from  the  Establishment 
of  the  Franks  in  Gaul  to  the  period  of 
the  French  Revolution,  enriched  with 
Four  Hundred  De aisles  by  Julibs  Davio> 
2  vols,  royal  8vo.  30f, 

History  of  Frederick  the  Great.  By 
Frakcu  Kuolkb.  With  500  original 
Beaigni  by  Adolph  Menzel.     From  the 


German  by  Ebwaao  A.  MQitiAftTY,A.B,  j 

Royal  Bvo.  31f . 

The  United  States  of  America :  thej^ 
History,  from  the  earliest  period  ;    thetf  J 
Industry^  Commerce,  National  Works,  &C,n 
By  HcoH  Murray,  F.R.S.E.    3  vols*  J 
VoL  1.  5#.  J 

Antigua  and  the  Antigttaus  ;  a  full  Ac- 
count of  the  Colony  and  its  luhahitaDtib  J 
from  the  time  of  tbe  Cariba  to  the  prcseai] 
day«     i'  vok.  post  Bvo.  2\ji* 

Journals  kept  by  Mr.  Gully  and  Cap- J 
tain  Dettham  during  a  Captivity  in  China  1 
in  the  year  1B42.  Edited  by  a  Barrister.^ 
8vo.   m.  iid. 

Memoir  of  the  Life  and  Writings  of! 
the  late  William  Taylor  of  Norwich ;  coo^  J 
tainiog  his  Correspondence  of  many  yeartl 
with  the  bte  Robert  Southey,  esq.  an4  | 
Original  Letters  from  Sir  Walter  Scott, ^ 
and  other  Eminent  Literary  Men.  Com^i 
piled  and  edited  by  J,  W.  RouBEnniJ 
F,G.S.  of  Norwich.  2  vols.  8vo.  3t»#. 

Annual  Monitor  for  1844  ;  or,  ObituarT^ 
of  the  Members  of  the  Society  of  Frieiidi  j 
in  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  for  the  ycif] 
1843.     I8mo.  U.  Qd, 

Politics  and  Statiitia. 

Whit  it   is   to  be  Done?    or,   Past, 
Presenti  and  Future.    8vo,  2f,  6d* 


174 


New  Publicaiions. 


[Feb. 


The  Currency  and  the  Country.  By 
John  Gellibrand  Hubbard,  esq.  8yo. 
.3«.  0'<f . 

Reciprocity.  By  a  Manufacturer.  8to. 
1#.  6d. 

The  Wrongs  of  our  Youth  :  an  Essay 
on  the  Late- Hour  System.  By  Ralph 
Barnes  Grindrod,  LL.D.    8to.  U, 

Letters  on  American  Debts.  By  the 
Rev.  Sydney  Smith.  First  printed  in 
the  Morning  Chronicle.    8to.  ^d. 

Ireland  :  Memoir  of  the  Union,  and  the 
Agitations  for  its  Repeal ;  in  which  that 
measure,  its  causes  and  consequences,  are 
historically  and  politically  reviewed,  and 
its  indisRolnbility  demonstrated  from  many 
great  authorities,  and  particularly  by  that 
of  D.  O'Connell,  esq.  M.P.  By  an  Irish 
Roman  Catholic.  8to.  2#.  (id. 

Can  Woman  Regenerate  Society?  3*.  6</. 

Essay  on  Cemetery  Interments,  awarded 
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Reading  Cemetery  Comi^ny.  Edited, 
with  the  report  of  the  Select  Committee 
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mittee, by  John  Richards,  jun.  esq. 
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Some  Observations  on  the  Mental  State 
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Travels  and  Topography, 

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nap.  42t. 

Recollections  of  Ceylon,  after  a  Resi- 
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opcntions  in  the  Island,  and  extracts 
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Domcitic  Scenes  in  Greenland  and 
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Wanderingsin  the  Highlands  and  Ihlands, 
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^bnif  te  muk  eoaiidenhle  Monasterial 

liBHHi,^  tht  Bcr.  William  Yates. 

arit  iMbl  «3&  ^ditkms,  royal  4to. 

iP^iiA-  &  Sk;  lBE|a  T"P^»  ^*  ^-  •  ^^ 

'tewflfaaLlMBymind  plates  to  1st 

■Mm  Hi^.na.i^gl.8f. 


fA|  oTthe 


of  the  Development  of  the  Modern  Re- 
ligious Systems.  By  Thomas  W^illiam 
Marshall,  B.A.  8yo.  199. 

Scripture  Characters  ;  being  a  Practical 
Exposition  of  the  Histories  of  the  Events 
contained  in  the  Holy  Scriptures,  for  the 
edification  of  youth.  By  Robert  Huish. 
12«. 

The  Land  of  Israel  according  to  the 
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with  Jacob.  By  Alex.  Keith,  D.D. 
Post  8vo.  18  plates  and  2  maps.  B9,  Gd. 

The  Anglican  Church  in  the  Nineteenth 
Century,  indicating  her  relative  ]K>sition 
to  dissent  in  every  form,  and  presenting  a 
clear  and  unprejudiced  view  of  Puseyism 
and  Orthodoxy.  By  W.  C.  C,  Hum- 
phreys, esq.  8vo.  99. 

The  Position  of  the  Church  of  England 
in  the  Catholic  world,  suggested  by  a 
perusal  of  No.  90  of  the  Trai^ts  for  the 
Times.  By  the  Rev.  James  R.  Page, 
M.A.  8vo.  8i. 

Christ  on  the  Cross  ;  an  Exposition  of 
the  Twenty. second  Psalm.  By  the  Rev. 
John  Stevenson.    Cr.  8vo.  7i.  6rf. 

Occasional  Discourses.  By  the  Rev. 
John  Cumming,  M.A.  Vol.  1.  1^'mo.  6«. 

The  Order  of  the  Daily  Service  of  the 
united  Church  of  England  and  Ireland,  as 
arranged  for  use  in  quires,  and  placi's 
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Newly  edited  by  John  Bishop,  of  Chel- 
tenham. 8vo.  6#. 

The  Pilgrim*s  Staff  and  Christianas  Daily 
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The  Psalms  of  David,  with  the  Scripture 
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Ambrose  Ward,  or  the  Dissenter  re- 
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Christian  Consolation  ;  or,  the  Unity  of 
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Disi-ourses  on  Scripture  Subjects.  By 
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First  Companion  to  the  Lord's  Table  ; 
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1844.] 


Nexb  Publicaiions. 


175 


I 


I 


Six  Lectiires  on  the  Morning  Service 
of  the  Churchy  delivered  durmg  Lent  in 
the  Parish  Church  of  Crowle,  Lincoln- 
■hlre.     By  tht  Rev,  B.  J.  Aamstrong. 

A  Letter  to  the  Dean  of  Chichester 
on  his  Sermou  preached  in  Cb [cheater 
C*thedra],  Oct.  15^  1843,  **  On  the  occa- 
fioD  of  publicly  receiving  into  the  Church 
a  Convert  from  the  Church  of  Rome," 
By  the  Rev.  M,  A.  TiERNny,  F.R.S. 
F.S.A.     8vo.     1#.  6rf* 

A  Holy  Zeal  for  her  Little  Children 
the  present  Hope  of  the  Church  r  a  Ser- 
mon :  to  which  are  added,  Prayers  for  the 
Timea.  By  J  AMES  Skinner^  A.M. 
13mo,     2*. 

Trial  of  the  Spirits^  or  Popery  hrought 
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Chapel,  Walworth*  By  IL  L»  Popfe- 
WELt.     ilvo.     Is, 

Church  in  Canada :  Journal  of  a  Visi- 
tstion  to  the  Western  Portion  of  hia  Dio- 
cese* by  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Toronto,  in 
the  Autumn  of  1842.     18aio.     ac/. 

The  Book  of  British  Ballade.  £dited 
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Botiiloir  Lyriea*  By  FLoaBKct:  Wil*> 
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Poemata  Lyrica,  Vcrsu  Latino  Ri  ma  rite 
scripts.  Henrico  D.  Ryokr,  in  Ecclesia 
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riLLOW.     Square.  4*. 

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Griseldn :  A  Dramatic  Poem.  Trana- 
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Spring— Undine,  '2».  tirf. 
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176 


Kew  PwUktitimiB. 


[Mk 


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Gbott  Story  of  Chriitinai.  By  Cb  arlcs 
DiCKBNf,  with  iUoitntioDi  by  John 
Leech.     5«. 

Chrifltmu  Tatet.     Bto.     3«.  6J. 

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Bo»k.  By  Mary  Chcbwell.  With 
illaitratiooi  from    dengni    by    Gilbert. 

Petirr  Parley 'i   Lires    of   the  Twelve 

A|KiitIfii.  With  beautifuHy.ftDiihed  por- 
trait! on  wood,  from  origiaali  by  the  Old 
Maatrn.     -U. 

Wiiat  to  do,  and  how  to  do  it;  or, 
Moral*  and  Manner*  taught  by  Examples. 
By   Pr.ir.H    I'ari.et.     l^mo.   woodcuts, 

99.  r»r/. 

l^i\r  and  %f  onry  :  an  ETeryDay  Tale. 
Hy  Mamv  Hnwin.     IHmo.     <«>.  6(f. 

K«Kli!  i.'lilT:  a  Tale.  By  the  Anthor 
of  "Tltfi  Book  of  One  Syilatde."  H- 
Ittslralt  d  with  engravisgi,  aquare.    2#.  6d, 

Litnalure  and  i^nguagt, 

Milton:  aljrclure.  ByJ.  UoMOrGnrt. 
Hvf>.     1«. 

(Irirntal  Text  Korirty.— Pillar  of  the 
iltrt-A  of  thi:  Sitiiuitca  ;  being  a  brief  Ez- 
imaition  of  tliHr  prini-l|»al  Tenets.  By 
lUfidh-IJldin  AbiiMbarakat  Abdallah  At- 
BSsaA.  To  whirh  is  aabjoined,  a  shorter 
IVfttliart  of  a  similar  nature,  by  Najm- 
uldln  Abu  Hafs  I'mar  AInasafl.  Edited 
by  llir  Ui-v.  W1M.IAM  CuRBTON,  M.A. 
rU.K.     Hoy.  Mvo.     :»•. 

A  Few  Leaves  out  of  a  Manuscnnt 
(iraiiiinHr  on  th«  Pmnunelatlon  of  the 
Kalian  Unguage.  By  J.  B.  Taiidi. 
nSmo.     1*. 

Rcaaona  for  Eatablishing  an  Authora* 
Publication  Society,  by  which  literary 
labour  would  receive  a  more  adequate  re- 
ward, and  the  price  of  all  new  books  be 
much  reduced.    Bvo.     U. 

The  Present  System  of  Publishmg ;  be- 
ing an  Examination  of  a  proposed  Plan 
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Medicine* 

Medicines,  their  uses  and  mode  of  ad- 
ministration, Including  a  complete  Con- 
spectus of  the  three  British  Pharma- 
eopccias;  an  account  of  all  the  New 
Remedies ;  and  an  appendix  of  Formulae. 
By  J.    MooRE   Nelioan,  M.D.    8vo. 

On  the  Nature  and  Treatment  of  Tic 
Douloureux,  Sciatica,  and  other  Neuralgic 
Disorders.      By   He«»y  Hunt,   M.D. 

*^vo.     ()*.  .   ,  .«^    . 

Natural  History,  Pathology,  and  Treat- 
ment of  the  Epidemic  Fever  at  present 
prevailing  in  Edinburgh  and  other  towns, 
Ulustrated  by  Cases  and  Dissections.  By 
^»  Rose  Coucaok,  M.D.  8to.  6#.  W. 
8 


Two  E«tyt  OB  Ae  IHihmw  of  the 
Spiae :  1,  Ob  AngalBr  Coratare  of  te 
Spine,  and  Iti  TreataMBt;  9,  Ob  the 
Trentnent  of  Lateni  CwrvatBre  by  Gravi- 
Ution,  Lateral  Exerdaet  &c.  By  R.  A. 
Staptord.     ?to.    5t. 

GloMology ;  or,  the  sUitioBal  meau  of 
Diagnosis  of  Diaone  to  be  derived  fhrn 
indications  and  qipeanaeea  of  theTtoogee, 
read  before  the  Senior  Phyacal  Sodety 
of  Gny*B  Hospital,  Nov.  184J.  Sj 
Benjamin  Ridge.  M.D.     Bro.    4*.  W. 

Introductory  DiieoBne  ob  the  DolSes 
and  Conduct  of  Medicd  StadeBti  tad 
Practitionen,  addrHsed  to  tiie  StndeBta 
of  the  Medical  School  of  St.  George's 
Hospital,  Oct.  S,  1843.  By  Sir  Bin- 
JAMIN  C.  Bbodib,  Bart.  F.R.S.  8vo.  It. 

Nutwrml  autor^t  ^pe. 

Botany  of  the  Voyage  of  H.M.S. 
Sulphur,  under  the  eommaBd  of  CapL 
Sir  Edw.  Belcher,  R.N.  &c.  Edited  and 
superintended  by  R.  B.  Hinds.  Ae 
Botanical  Descriptions  by  Gbobsb  Bbst- 
THAM,  Esq.  No.  1.  roy.  4to.     lOt. 

Essay  on  the  Physiognomy  of  Serpents. 
By  H.  ScHLEOEL,  Doctor  io  Philosophy. 
Translated  by  Tbom  AS  Stewabt  TbailLv 
M.D.  F.R.S.E.     CrowB  8to.    fit.  6& 

Short  and  simple  Letters  to  Cottsgers. 
By  W.C.  Cotton,  M.jl.    Iftno.    St.M. 

The  Resources  Fanners  poise  h  fbr 
meeting  the  Reduced  Prices  of  thrir 
Produce.    By  Hewitt  Datis.  8to.  St. 

Treatise  on  Alkali  as  a  Manure,  shew- 
ing its  Cheapness  and  Efficiency  for  in* 
creasing  the  Productiveness  of  the  80II. 
By  Henbt  Watebton,  Esq.  8to.  It.  M 

ocfeiice. 

Introduction  to  Practical  OrgSBio  Che- 
mistry :  with  References  to  tlM  works  of 
Davy,  Brande,  Liebig,  &c.  ISmo.  St.  €d. 

Arehiteetmre, 

Architecture  in  England,  fhHB  Oe 
earliest  to  the  present  time.  8vo.  7t. 

Architectural  lUnstrations  of  KeltsiiBf 
Church,  Northamptonshire.  By  R.  W. 
Billings.  Medium  4to.  80  plates,  sad 
descriptive  letterpress,  10<.  6d, ;  imp.  4to. 
15«. 

Architectural  Illustrations  of  the  eoBBty 
of  Durham.  By  the  same.  Part  1,  bm- 
dium  4to.  2«. ;  imp.  4to.  4f. 

Heraldry. 
Heraldic  Illustrations,  comprliiBg  the 
Armorial  Bearings  of  the  Principal  Fkaii- 
lies  of  the  Empire,  with  Pedigrees  sBd 
Annotations.  By  John  Bubkb,  Esq. 
and  John  Bebnaed  Bubkb,  Esq.  royal 
8vo.  53  pUtes  and  letterpress,  31t.  6A 


1844.] 


Literary  and  Scientific  InteUigeuce, 


\77 


rm0  ArU. 


PSctoiial  MuBcom  of  Aaimated  Nature. 
Vol.  I — Mammalia  aod  Birdi^fol.  ](i#.  Gd. 

PajDe's  UoiTersQTD  \  or,  Pictorial  World  j 
being  a  Collection  of  Engrariogs  of  Viewa 
in  all  Co  an  tries,  Portrait*  of  Great  Men» 
■nd  Specimens  of  Works  of  Art  of  all 
Ages  snd  of  every  Character.  Edited  by 
Charlks  EnWARDS,  Esq.  No,  1,  4to. 
4  pUtei  and  leCterpre^sa^  sewed^  It* 

Sports, 

Treatise  on  the  Game  of  Cbess,  con- 
taioiit^  an  Introduction  to  the  Game,  and 
an  Analysis  of  the  venous  OpeningB  of 
Gamet,  with  federal  New  Mode«  of  Attack 
and  Defence.  To  which  are  added,  25 
New  Cheat  Problems  and  Diaj^ams.  By 
W,  Lswts.  Bvo.  18#. 

Part  Music,  Edited  by  John  Mullah, 
Class  A,  Soprano,  Alto^  Tenor,  and  Ba»8. 
No.  9,  Score,  St.  6rf. ;  leparate  part*,  M. 
each. 

School  Music  ?  or*  Song§  and  Hymns 
from  "  The  Singing  Master  ;"  compriNtng 
76  Moral  Songs  for  Children*  nrrangred  to 
Popular  Airs,  and  70  Paalms  and  HymnB, 
with  their  appropriate  Tunes.  «vo.  5«,  M* 

Annuah, 

^Comic  Album,  1?44*  a  Book  for  Every 
*>le,  4  to.  with  150  ill  us  t  rations,  ele- 
Etly  bound,  12«« 

Pnpuring/or  Publication, 

Mr.  JonN  MAJon  is  prejmring a  fourth 
edition  of  his  celebrated  *'  Walton's  An- 
fl«r/'  with  great  improvements,  ai  aug- 
fttt«d  by  himself  and  his  friends,  after  21 
years  from  the  first  appearance  of  the 
work. 


is 


VjriritRflTY    OF    CASinAIOGB. 

The    subject    of  the    Seatonian  Prise 

Poem,  for  the  present  year,  is  '♦  Sit  her,'* 

Jan,  fi.     The  Hulsean  Prixe  for  1H43, 

fliT,  '"",    lihtigation  of  iht  Sahbatk, 

Mii'  /  of  the  institution  and  its 

ktji...,,..  ,,,,,, a  Me  eartieni  iime»  to  the 
pTMent  daj/^*'  was  adjudged  to  Charles 
Jofan  Ellicott,  B.A.  (I**41),  of  St.  John's 
CoUegeu  The  Trustees  of  the  Hulseau 
Prise  have  given  notice  that  the  premium 
will  this  year  be  given  for  the  best  disser- 
tation on  the  following  subject:  **  The 
tttw/kilntti  and  oblUfation  of  Oatht  in  a 
ChttMtian  cormmitniiy,  and  the  injiuenee 
which  thwy  Have  Had  upon  society  at  d\f* 
/wrmi  ptnods.'^ 


aOVAL    isOClKTY. 

Tlie   Society  awsrded  its  gold  medals 
tor  1 843  10  Prof.  Forbes,  of  Edinburgb, 
Gkwt*  Mao.  Vol.  XXL     , 


for  his  Researches  on  the  Law  of  Ex* 
tj action  of  the  Solar  Rays  ;  to  Prof, 
%\'heatstoac,  for  bis  Account  of  severU 
ntiw  instruments  and  processes  for  de* 
termining  the  Constants  of  a  Voltatc 
Circuit;  and  the  Copley  medal  to  M.  Jeau 
B.  Dumas,  for  his  Researches  in  Organic 
Chemistry.  These  were  presented  at  the 
anniversary  meeting  on  the  30th  Nov*  by 
the  President, 

George  Dollond,  esq.  P.RS.  has  pre* 
rented  a  bust  of  his  grandfather,  John 
Dollotid  t  and  Mr.  Watt  a  bust,  by 
Chantrey,  of  his  iliustrioiis  father,  Jamea 
Watt,  to' the  Society.  Mr.  Watt  husdso 
presented  a  bust  of  his  father  to  the 
Academy  of  Sciences  at  Paris. 

The  Earl  of  Aberdeen  has  communicated 
to  the  President  of  the  Royal  Society,  an 
announcement  received  from  the  Austrian 
Minister  concerning  a  Scienttlic  Meeting 
at  Milao,  which  is  appointed  to  be  held 
next  autumn.  The  sum  of  10,000  Uvrcs 
will  be  de?oted  to  experiments,  on  that 
oecasioDi  in  physical  science. 

nOTAL    ASIATIC    SOCTETY* 

Jan,  20.  Prof.  H.  H.  WilaoQ  in  the 
chair. 

The  proceedings  of  the  day  were  de- 
cUred  special,  for  the  puri>ose  of  making 
provision  for  the  more  ready  admission 
into  the  Society  of  gentlemen  visiting 
Euglund  on  temporary  leave  of  absence! 
from  their  services  in  India-  The  result 
of  the  discussion  was,  that  the  existing 
regulations  were  declared  to  provide  suf* 
Aiuently  for  the  object  in  view,  as  it 
would  be  competent,  under  a  liberal  in* 
t^rpretation  of  Art.  XLix.  for  any  mem- 
bers of  the  services  of  the  Crown  or  the 
East  India  Company,  whose  usnal  abode 
would  be  in  the  Pret^idenoies  and  settle- 
ments to  which  they  are  permanently  nt- 
tached,  to  become  non-resident  Mombersr 
for  which  privilege  the  annual  payment 
wouhl  be  two  guineas.  A  general  hope 
was  expressed  tliat  this  resolution  would 
become  extensively  known,  and  that  it 
would  lead  many  persons  to  avail  them- 
selves of  the  benefits  which  it  holds  out* 
Jt  was  further  resolved,  that,  in  moditica- 
tion  of  Art.  xxti.  of  the  Regulations,  oil 
candidates  for  admission  into  the  Society, 
proposed  at  one  meeting,  should,  in  future, 
be  balloted  for  at  the  following  m«eting,^ 

KOYAl.    AORlCULTraAt    SOCtETY. 

The  Royal  Agricultural  Society  of 
England  has  published  the  annual  an- 
nouncement of  prizes  offered  for  1M4, 
when  the  annual  exhibitions  witl  be  held 
at  Sontbampton  (principai  day  July  25 J. 
A  acim  not  exccedmg  300/.  Is  set  apart  for 
agncultural  implemeDts.  Prises  are  offered 


178 


IMerary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


LFeb. 


for  estays  and  reports  on  Tarious  subjecti, 
vix.,  Water  meadows  and  upland  pastures, 
<.H)  SOTS. ;  Influence  of  climate,  20  sovs. ; 
Indications  of  fertility  and  barrenness, 
50  SOTS. ;  Agriculture  in  Norfolk,  Che- 
shire, and  Wiltshire,  each  50  sots.  ;  Im- 
proTements  by  warping,  S?0  sots.  ;  Keep- 
ing farm  horses,  'JO  suts.  ;  besides  i'O 
■ovs.  for  the  best  essay  on  any  agpri- 
rultural  subject ;  all  essays  to  be  sent  to 
the  SecreUry  by  the  1st  of  March. 

INSTITUTION  OF  CIVIL  F.NGINKER8. 

Jan.  \6,  At  the  AnniTersary  Meeting, 
Mr.  Walker  the  President  was  in  the  chair. 
A  report  of  council  wait  read,  and  memoirs 
of  Professor  Wallace  of  Edinburgh,  Mr. 
Buddie  of  Newcastle,  and  seTeral  other 
deceased  members.  Telford  medals  were 
presented  to  Messrs.  F.  W.  Simms,  W. 
Pole,  and  T.  Oldham,  for  communications 
presented  by  them  to  the  Institution  (as 
already  recorded  in  p.  71 ).  Telford  and 
Walker  premiums  of  books  were  also  pre- 
sented to  Messrs.  D.  Mackain,  D.  Brem- 
ner,  D.  T.  Hope,  R.  MaUet,  W.  J.  M. 
Rankine,  W.  L.  Baker,  S.  C.  Uomersham, 
J.  O.  York,  6.  D.  Bishopp,  and  G.  B. 
W.  Jackson,  for  their  papers  and  draw- 
ings, which  had  been  read  and  ezhihibited 
during  the  past  session.  The  President 
addressed  the  meeting  upon  the  internal 
management  of  the  society,  the  election 
of  his  Royal  Highness  Prince  Albert  as 
an  honorary  member,  the  valuable  addition 
to  the  library  presented  by  the  Duke  of 
Buccleuch,  the  course  of  study  and  prac- 
tice most  beneficial  for  young  engineers, 
and  the  opportunity  atforded  by  the  insti- 
tution for  coming  adTantageously  before 
the  world.  He  then,  among  other  novel 
subjects  connected  with  engineering,  spoke 
of  having  lately  visited  the  atmospheric 
railway  near  Dublin ;  and  said,  that 
without  prognosticating  as  to  the  future, 
the  experiments  he  witnessed  appeared 
more  promising  than  those  with  locomo- 
tive engines  at  a  corresponding  early 
period  of  their  introduction  upon  railways. 
He  also  gave  a  short  notice  of  the  con- 
nexion of  Colonel  Stoddart  with  the  insti- 
tution, as  iu  Honorary  Secretary,  in  the 
years  1R34-5  ;  alluding  to  the  exertions 
now  making  for  ascertaining  the  fate,  and 
if  possible  obtaining  the  release,  of  both 
Colonel  Stoddart  and  Captain  C^onoUy, 
who,  there  was  every  reason  to  believe, 
were  really  still  alive,  although  detained 
in  a  sort  of  captivitv. 

The  ballot  for  the  Council  took  place, 
when  the  following  gentlemen  were 
elected : — Messrs.  J.  M'alker,  President ; 
W.  Cubitt,  n.  Donkin,  J.  Field,  and  H. 
U.  Palmer,  Vice-Presidents  ;  W.  T.  Chirk, 
V.  Giles,   G.   Lowe,  J.   MUler,  W.  C. 


Mylne,  J.  M.  Rendel,  G.  Rennie,  R. 
Sibley,  J.  Simpson,  J.  Taylor,  F.  Braith- 
waite,  and  W.  Cubitt,  other  members  and 
associates  of  Council. 


8ALE    or   AUTOGRAPHS. 

An  interesting  collection  of  letters  and 
autographs  of  eminent  characters,  both 
living  and  dead,  has  been  sold  by  Mr. 
Fletcher  in  Piccadilly.  It  was  stated  in 
the  catalogue  to  belong  to  a  **  lady  of 
title,  an  eminent  authoress,**  and  it  was 
understood  that  the  lady  was  Lady  Har- 
riet D^Orsay.  The  following  were  some 
of  the  most  important  articles : — A  letter 
from  his  late  Majesty  George  IV.  to  Mrs. 
Robinson,  sold  for  34«.  A  letter  from 
Mrs.  Jordan,  dated  Bushey-park,  1798, 
3()«.  Another  letter  from  the  same  lady, 
4?«.  Letters  from  G.  Colman  the  elder, 
to  Macklin,  Fawcett  and  Bannister,  od 
the  farce  of  the  Retiete  and  the  soiif  of 
**  The  Ghost,"  in  Bannister's  Jta^vl, 
realised  sums  of  lOt.  15«.  and  SOt.  eadi. 
A  letter  from  Garrick  to  Newcombe,  2Sff. 
A  letter  of  the  late  Edmund  Kean.  sold 
for3U.  The  numbers  on  the  eatalogiie 
from  No.  65  to  108  consisted  of  letters 
from  Munden,  Young,  Quick,  C.  Ms- 
thews,  Liston,  J.  Kemble,  Teny,  Tkte, 
Wilkin«on,  Madame  Vestris,  Bobii, 
Power,  Sheridan  Knowles,  &c.,  and 
realized  sums  from  5«.  to  lOi.  Hie  sig- 
nature of  Sir  Isaac  Newton  to  a  reoei|it, 
S0«.  A  receipt  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren, 
written  on  the  day  he  died,  and  dated 
1718,  10«.  From  No.  118  to  150,  the 
collection  consisted  of  letters  from  emlnoit 
painters,  comprising  the  names  of  Lsw* 
rence,  Beechy,  Copley,  Shee,  Constable, 
Hayter,  Stanfield,  &c.,  and  realised  nus 
averaging  from  25«.  to  5«.  A  letter  of 
Lord  Edward  Herbert,  bearing  date  1645, 
25«.  A  letter  from  Matthew  Prior  to 
Braithwate,  i?5«.  A  letter  from  the  poet 
Shenstone  to  the  Honourable  Mr.  Knif  ht, 
relative  to  his  poems,  sold  for  34i.  Letter 
from  Bloomfield  respecting  his  poem  of 
the  *<  Farmer's  Boy,*'  SOt.  A  letter  frm 
Southey.  the  late  poet  laureate,  to  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  13«.  Letter  from  Chen. 
lier  Ramsey  to  the  Pretender,  13s.  Letter 
from  G.  Scott  to  the  Earl  of  Bnchm, 
L>3s.  A  letter  from  the  Duke  of  WeUington 
to  Madame  St.  Etienne,  I6f.  The  other 
lots  consibted  of  letters  from  MoorSt 
Canning,  Byron,  &c.  and  brought  i 
sums. 


ANCIKNT   MANUSCRIPTS. 

M.  Minoi  tie  Minas  has  returned  from 
a  scientific  mission  in  Greece,  Tliesndy, 
and  Constantinople,  which  lasted  three 
years,  and  was  undertaken  at  the  deriro 
of  the  Minister  of   Public  InstroctlOlk 


•3 


Fine  Arts. 


Amongst  the  valuabte  manuficnpts  dis- 
coyereil  and  broiight  to  France  by  M- 
Miiia«  initf  benotieed;.  Fables  hj  Babryas, 
A  fnigineDt  of  the  SOth  b<iok  of  Poljbius, 
■eTcral  extracts  from  Dexippu:i  ami  Eu- 
I  ■cbiuj«  two  biitonans  but  little  known  tu 
IS,  a  fragmeat  of  the  historian  Pryseas, 
I  treaty  of  the   celebrated  Gal  lien  wbicb 


1/9 


was  deficient  in  hh  collection,  a  nevr  edi- 
tion of  Msop*&  Fables,  with  a  life  of  the 
fabuliat^  a  Treatise  on  Greek  Syntax  by 
Gregory  of  Corinth,  an  unpublisUed 
grammar  of  Theodoaius  of  Alexandria,  a 
hiiitory  of  the  conquest  of  China  by  the 
Tartars,  and  various  other  works^  which 
have  safely  arrived  at  Paris. 


FINE  ARTS. 


STATUeS    FOa  THE    CITV    OF    LONl>ON, 

The    bronze  equestriaa   statue  of   the 
Doke  of  Wellington,  to  be  placed  oppo- 
fcwte  the  entrance  to  the  New  Royal  Ex- 
[chanfe.    Is    proceeding    rapidly  towarda 
ompletion,  under  the  direction  of  Mr. 
feeka  (the  successor  of  the  ktc   Sir  F. 
IChantrey),  to  whom  it  is  entrusted.     The 
|ftatae  of  William  iV,,  from  the  design  of 
1,  Nixon,  to  be  placed  at  the  Junction  of 
fshurch- street    and    King  William* 
will  he   shortly    rai.«red   upon   its 
ital.     The  figure  is  colossai,    being 
rdi  of  14  feet  in  height.     It  in  exe* 
i  in  Devonshire  granite,  and  will  coat 
»hcn  completed  2^200/.,  which  aura  was 
voted  by  the  corporation  of  the  City  of 
ndou  for  that  purpoae.     His  Majesty  is 
epresenled  in  the  cos  turn  (.'  of  a  High  Ad- 
Upon  the  pedestal  (a  round  one) 
sculptured  a  wreath   of  laurel,  in  the 
CDtre  of  which  an  appropriate  description 
ill  be  engraved.     The  spot   upon  which 
his  atatae  will  be  erected  is  the  exact  site 
r  the  famous  Boar's  Head  of  Eosteheap, 
,  statue  by  Nixon  h  likewise  in  a  forward 
at«|  of  Jobn  Carpenter,  town-clerk  in 
'  reign  of  Henry  VL,  founder  of  the 
y  of  London  Schools,  and  executor  to 
he  celebrated  llichard  Whittington*  This 
atoe  is  six  feet  high,  and  will  be  exe- 
sd  in    Roche  Abbey  stone,  similar  to 
at  used  by  Baily,  Rossi,  Westmacott, 
nd  others,  for  the  friexes  and  pediments 
I  front  of  Buckingham  Palace.     It  is  to 
placed  upon  the  first  landing  of  the 
drcaae  of  the  City  of  London  Schools, 
nd  exactly   opposite   the   principal  en- 
ance.     There  is   farthert   in  the  same 
in  actiTe  preparation,  a  statue  of 
Sir  John  Crosby,  to  be  placed  in  Crosby 
Hall,  Biahopsgate*street.     The  model  ex- 
hibits the  knight  in  the  ''winged  "  arnoour 
of  the  period,  ei  am  pies  of  which  may  be 
met  with  in  the  Tower,  &c.,   and  of  this 
piirticular  lait  at  the  tomb  of  the  knight 
himselfj  in   the    church  of  St,    Helen's, 
close  by  the  ball  of  which  he  was  the  pos- 
sessor.   It  is  remarkable  that  the  two  latter 
mta — Sir  John  Crosby  and  John  Carpeii* 


ter — both  neighhour^,  and  the  latter  living 
in  Comhiil,  should  both  now»  and  this  after 
the  expiratioD  of  upwards  of  400  years, 
have  statues  tiect*  »l  to  their  memory  by 
the  same  sculptor,  but  by  order  of  two 
distinct  institutions. 


KAHl*    OF    LEICESTER  S  MONUMRNT. 

On  the  4th  Jan,  the  Committee  ap- 
pointed by  the  subscribers  to  decide  upon 
the  adoption  of  a  design  for  the  Memorial 
to  Lord  Leicester  met  for  that  object. 
There  w^ere  Tti  plans  and  models  exbibited. 
One,  No.  40,  was  chosen,  subject  to  cer- 
tain arrangements  with  the  architect,  Mr* 
Donthorne,  of  Hanaver-strect,  London. 
We  subjoin  a  description  of  the  design  i-^- 

No,  4i>, — **  To  him  whose  pride  it  was 
to  render  the  Farmer  independent.** 
This  design  is  composed  of  a  pedestal,  ou 
which  is  erected  a  tluted  coluntD,  sur- 
mounted by  a  wheats heaf.  Three  sides 
of  the  pedestal  are  has  reliefs  :  one  repre- 
senting the  late  Earl  graotiDg  a  lease  to  a 
tenant ;  the  second  represeating  the  Holk- 
haiQ  sheep  shearing,  through  which  the 
great  stimulus  was  first  given  to  agricul- 
ture ;  the  third  to  indicate  irrigation.  The 
fourth  side  of  the  pedestal  is  left  for  the  in- 
scription. The  four  comers  of  the  pedestal 
show  the  means  by  which  cultivation  and 
production  were  improved  and  increased 
by  the  Inte  Earl.  At  the  firat  comer,  an 
ox,  with  the  inscription  under  it,  "'Breed- 
ing in  all  its  branches'^  At  the  second 
comer,  Southdown  sheep,  with  the  in* 
scriptiotj  under  them,  **  Small  in  size,  but 
great  in  value/*  The  third  comer,  the 
plough,  with  the  inscription,  '*  Live  and 
let  liTe,"  The  fourth  coracri  the  drill, 
with  the  inscription,  "The  improvement 
of  agriculture.'" 

TlTlAIf's   VINUt, 

A  letter  from  Dresden  says :— The  re- 
cent discovery  of  the  Venus  by  Tittan, 
now  excellently  restored,  excites  conside- 
rable interest.  The  pictxire  is  an  object  of 
tlte  greatest  admiration  with  all  amateurs. 
This  roagnificeat  work  Uas  been    more 


180 


Archiiecture. 


[Feb. 


tfaAB  one  hnndred  yean  coBceaJed  ander  a 
ma»s  of  animportaot  paintings,  and  dif- 
ferrat  kindi  of  rabbi sh.  For  the  discorerf 
of  this  treasure  we  hare  to  thank  the  Di- 
rector Mathai  and  the  Academy  Conncil. 
It  is  the  most  perfect  picture  that  can  be 
looked  upon.  Exquisite  as  are  some  of 
the  paintini;s  of  Venus  we  already  possets, 
they  are  all  far  behind  this  master-piece, 
particularly  in  the  handling  of  the  flesh 
and  the  background. 


PA  NO  BAM  A    OP    rRCPOmT. 

Mr.  Burford  has  opened  in  Leicester 
Square,  a  panoramic  view  of  the  French 
harbour  of  Treport,  as  it  appeared  at  the 
time  of  the  Queen  of  England's  risit  to 
Louis  Phiilippe,  in  1B43.     Treport  is  but 


a  mall  village,  or  wi  moot  ft  little  i 
town,  but  it  itanda  boldlf  on  the  entraoee 
of  a  bay  or  inlet  of  the  Mft.  The  road 
from  it  to  £a  it  ateep,  and  that  town,  with 
iti  noble  dinrch,  givea  ft  fine  effeet  to  the 
backgroand  of  the  preaent  picture.  The 
whole  scene  ia  bcantifUly  at  wellaa  faith* 
fully  depicted  by  the  artiat*  who  had  the 
advantage  of  being  preaent  at  the  time  of 
the  memorable  event  it  repreaenta.  The 
principal  group  of  fignrea  ia  the  royal 
party,  who  have  joat  landed  from  the 
Reine  Amelie  yacht,  and  are  moring  to* 
wards  the  pavilion.  It  ia,  on  the  whole, 
one  of  the  most  lively  and  animated 
scenes  ever  depicted,  very  cerefUly  and 
admirably  executed,  and  equally  pictu- 
retqne  in  ita  eonceptloii  and  amngaBOBt. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


IX9TITUTE    OP   BRITISH    ARCR1TRCT8. 

Jan,  24.  T.  L.  Donaldson,  V.P.  in 
the  chair. 

A  communication  was  read  from  William 
Bromet,  M.D.  F.S.A.  relative  to  the 
new  bridge  lately  erected  over  the  River 
Moine,  at  Cliasoo,  near  Nantes,  in 
Britanny.  The  river  runs  in  a  deep  ravine, 
is  at  all  times  shallow,  and  consequently 
unnavigable.  and  is  seldom  frozen.  In 
the  design  of  the  structure,  it  was  ne- 
cessary for  the  architect  to  consider  it 
lees  as  a  bridge  than  as  a  viaduct  for  the 
more  ea^y  parage  of  the  ravine.  The 
length  of  the  bridge  between  the  abut- 
ments is  about  350  English  feet,  the  width 
of  the  carriage- rond  and  two  footways 
together  ^27  feet,  making  the  entire  width, 
including  the  thickness  of  the  parapet 
walls,  30  feet.  The  arches  are  fifteen  in 
namber,  of  M)  feet  4  inches  in  span,  and 
of  a  semicircular  form  (eight  being  land 
arches),  the  whole  supported  by  fourteen 
lofty  piers,  and  a  long  abutment  at  either 
end,  following  the  slope  of  the  banks  or 
aides  of  the  ravine  ;  the  springing  line  of 
the  arches  is  about  33  feet  3  inches  above 
the  bed  of  the  river.  The  total  height 
from  the  bed  of  the  river  to  the  top  of  the 
parapets,  is  about  64  feet  3  indies.  The 
foundations  of  the  piers  of  the  seven 
principal  arches  are  carried  about  6  feet 
9  inches  below  the  bed.  The  piers  and 
abutments  are  founded  on  the  dark- 
coloured  granitic  rock,  of  which  the  banks 
are  composed,  which  being  too  coarse  for 
architectural  purposes,  the  superstructure 
has  been  buUt  of  a  white  granite,  found  in 
the  vicinity.  The  stones  are  all  of  a  large 
■Ise,  well  squared  and  dressed,  and  closely 
Jotnted  with    fine  white    mortar.    The 


piers,  at  their  lower  eitremitiea,  preaent 
fisces  uf  5  feet,  with  retnroa  or  aidea  of 
30  feet  in  extent.  The  chief  peculiarity  of 
the  construction  consiata  in  each  of  theee 
piers,  at  the  height  of  about  13  feet  from 
the  bed  of  the  river,  being  pierced  with 
an  arched  aperture,  of  a  pointed  form,  14 
feet  in  width ;  theae  arches  having  the 
same  springing  line  aa  the  aemicircnlar 
arches,  and  intersecting  the  cylindrical 
intradoses  of  the  semicircular  archea*  and 
thereby  formine  a  series  of  groined  vault- 
ings, which,  when  viewed  longitudinally 
from  under  either  of  the  abutment  archei, 
produces  an  effect  somewhat  aimilar  to 
that  of  the  nave  of  a  Gothic  church. 

Mr.  R.  W.  Billings  read  a  paper,  de- 
scriptive of  some  )iecnliaritie8  in  the  ar- 
rangement  of  the  plan  and  in  the  eon- 
struction  of  the  church  of  St.  Peter  and 
St.  Paul  at  Kettering,  in  Northampton- 
shire, and  exhibited  numerous  diagrams 
in  illustration  thereof,  and  of  the  forma  of 
the  doors  and  windows,  and  the  prindplea 
on  which  the  tracery  and  omamenta  had 
been  designed.  He  likewise  noticed  the 
unuitual  height  of  the  spire  aa  compared 
with  the  body  of  the  church,  by  which  the 
importance  of  the  latter  •really  of  large 
dimensions)  is  much  diminished  ;  a  cir- 
cumstance not  uncommon  ia  the  churohea 
of  this  district. 

ROMAN    CATHOLIC    CHURCH. 

The  New  Roman  Catholic  church  at 
Lambeth  (situated  in  the  Westminster- 
road,  opposite  the  Blind  Aaylum  and 
Bethlehem  Hospital,)  is  rapidly  approach- 
ing completion.  The  foundation -atone 
was  laid  in  April,  1B40,  on  which  occasion 
the  edifice  was  dedicated  to  St  Geoige,  tho 


tntdsr  nint  of  England.  It  ii  the  lurgctt 
ecelesiutical  edifice  deroted  to  the  Roman 
Catholic  wonbip  that  ba§  been  cotititracCed 
since  the  Reformation.  Its  external  di- 
mtnatont  are  9^0  feet  long  by  B4  feet 
'  broid.  Tbe  height  of  the  tower  at  the 
Weat  end  at  present  \m  GO  feet,  but  when 
completed  its   extreme  elevation  will  bo 

1330  feet  above  tbe  grt)und  level.  The 
fitjle  of  architecture,  preserved  throughont 
the  building,  ia  tbe  florid  Gothic.  Tbe 
tower  ia  inoft  anbatiintijiliy  built  of  Caen 
itone*  ita  walla  averaging:  nine  feet  in 
thick oeaa.  It  contains  a  belfrVr  with  room 
for  a  peal  of  eight  belb.  On  each  side  of 
the  tower  are  hf,Ury  windows,  decorated 
wttb  mitru,  parapets,  pinnacles,  &c. ;  and 
when  the  funds  ibatl  admit,  it  ia  intended 
to  omanient  the  walls  with  LOO  statues  of 
I  saints  and  martyrs.  The  tower  will  be 
surmounted  by  a  steeple,  built  after  the 
pattern  of  the  magnificent  spire  nf  Salis- 
bury CatliedraU  and  will  be  terminated  by 
a  large  cross.  The  interior  height  of  the 
church,  from  floor  to  ceiling,  ia  57  feet. 
The  length  of  the  nave  in  the  clear  is  ItiO 
feet,  by  li  feet  broad  ;  the  chancel  is  40 

long  by  2G  feet  broad.     Over  the  en- 
nee  to  the  chancel  is  a  richly -carved 

screen,  and  a  rood-loft,  supporting  n 
,  on  each  pide  of  which  will  be  placed 
Btatnes  of  St.  John  and  St.  Anne.  From 
either  side  of  tbe  rood-loft  ascends  a  spiral 
Btaircaae,  terminating  externally  In  two 
turrets  decorated  with  crockets,  figures, 
and  other  ornamental  work*  Each  turret 
ia  elevated  40  feet  above  the  ceiling.  A 
oaired  stone  pulpit  will  be  placed  at  a 
abort  distance  from  tbe  chancel  screen. 
Adjoining  the  cbancclr  on  each  side,  are 
two  small  chapels  for  altars^  over  which 
are  to  be  placed  stained  glass  windows. 
The  chancel- window  is  very  liu^,  mea- 
taring  30  feet  by  1@  feet ;  tho  mullions 
arc  of  oak,  with  rich  foliage  ;  the  inter* 
stiees  will  be  filled  with  stained  glass  of 
various  colours,  containing  the  history  and 
passion  of  our  Lord*  It  ts  the  gift  of  the 
Bar!  of  Shrewsbury,  and  will  cost  ^00/, 
Underneath  will  be  placed  the  principal 
oltar,  which  will  be  decorated  with  sUtuea 
of  saints  and  bishops.  Another  large 
window  is  placed  in  the  tower  oppoiiite 
the  chancel -window,  and  is  con«i  tiered  a 
fine  specimen  of  the  florid  style  of  archi* 
lecture.  The  church  contains  twenty-eight 
windows.  The  roof  ia  constructed  of 
ciu^ed  stained  timber*  which  will  be  sten- 
cilled in  various  colours  and  devices.  The 
mode  in  which  the  roof  baa  been  built  it 
a  modiiication  of  the  manner  anoiently 
obeerred  in  the  building  of  large  edifices^ 
tiiBtead  of  covering  the  raften  of  the 
ceiling  with  lath  and  plaster,  to  form  a 
baaiB  00  which  to  conitruct  the  decorative 


work,  as  is  nsually  done  in  mmlern  build- 
inga,  tbe  raften  themselves  subserve  or- 
namental purposes,  by  which  means  con- 
siderable expanse  is  avoided,  and  beauty 
is  combined  with  utility.  The  roof  It 
supported  by  two  rows  of  fluted  stont 
pillars,  consisling  of  eii?ht  in  each  row. 
The  pillars  are  IH  feet  in  height,  and  will 
be  finished  by  capitals  elaborately  wrought 
in  fine  stone,  carved  in  rich  foliage,  and 
connected  one  with  another  by  small  inter* 
colmnniations,  in  the  form  of  arches,  rising 
from  tho  capitals  to  the  rafters.  The  floor 
of  the  nave  and  aisles  will  be  covered  with 
red  and  bine  Staftordflhire  tiles,  each  tile 
measuring  six  Inches  in  the  square.  The 
chancel  and  side  chapels  are  to  be  paved 
with  encaustic  tiles  cast  in  different  shapesi 
and  of  various  colours.  At  the  eouth-west 
corner  of  the  south  aisle  will  be  placed  the 
large  and  richly  ornamented  baptismal 
font  carved  in  Caen  stone.  The  interior 
of  the  church  ig  not  obstructed  by  gal- 
leries ;  the  only  projections  are  the  organ- 
loft  and  two  small  galleries  for  the  choir 
over  the  two  siile  doorways  at  the  east 
end.  No  pews  or  closed  seats  will  be 
allowed  {  but  open  benehci  will  be  placed 
down  the  ai»les,  constructed  with  low 
backs,  so  us  to  afford  an  unobstructed 
view  of  the  interior.  The  scats  will  yield 
ample  accommodation  for  5,t>00  persons. 
The  bare  coat  of  erecting  tbe  cliurch  wiU 
be  40,000/.  I  but  it  is  expected  that  a  sum 
of  1 0(1,000/.  will  be  necessary  to  complete 
all  the  contemplated  embellishments  and 
improvements.  At  the  east  end  of  tbe 
church  is  a  large  sacristy ^  and  adjoining 
the  north-east  corner  are  cloisters,  which 
connect  the  edifice  with  a  presbytery,  con- 
taining a  spacious  dining-room,  and  af- 
fording accommodation  for  several  priesta. 
Abutting  on  this  is  a  convent  for  the 
Sisters  of  Mercy,  and  a  school  for  300 
children.  Tlie  convent  is  fitted  up  with 
kitchens,  refectory,  dormlturieB^  a  small 
chapel  with  a  belfry,  and  will  furaiib  an 
abode  for  thirteen  Sisters  of  Mercy,  whose 
charity  and  kind  offices  will  be  di$tHbuted 
among  the  members  of  all  religious  deno- 
minations who  may  need  aftistance.  The 
convent,  with  its  accompanying  buildings, 
will  cost  7,000/.  The  architecture  dis- 
placed in  its  construction  is  of  a  similar 
tityle  to  that  used  In  the  building  of  the 
church  I  only  more  subdued,  and  of  a  lets 
expensive  description.  Several  little  tur- 
rets and  spires  are  erected  in  vorioua  ports, 
which  give  it  a  very  pleading  effect.  The 
church  and  nunnery  together  stand  upon  an 
area  of  ground  measuring  forty- two  thou- 
sand e{|uarc  feet.  The  entire  edifice  it 
built  from  the  design  of  Mr.  Pogin,  whOf 
during  the  last  ten  years,  has  been  en- 
gaged in  the  conatmction  of  thirty -serea 


182 


Architecture. 


[Feb. 


churches.  It  will  be  consecrated  and 
opened  for  public  worship  in  the  autumn 
of  the  present  year ;  but  a  considerable 
time  must  necessarily  elapse  before  the 
great  tower  and  spire  shall  be  completed. 
The  subscriptions  towards  this  gigantic 
undertaking  have,  for  the  most  part,  been 
raised  in  the  proyinces  through  the  exer- 
tions of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Doyle,  who  is  the 
principal  officiating  priest.  The  Earl  of 
Shrewsbury  and  t£e  late  Mr.  Benjamin 
Greorge  Hodges  have  been  the  principal 
contributors.  A  considerable  sum  has 
also  been  subscribed  by  the  poorer  classes 
inhabiting  the  parish  of  St.  George.  The 
names  of  the  King  of  Sardinia,  the  King 
of  Bohemia,  and  other  foreign  potentates, 
also  appear  in  the  list  of  contributors. 
The  Roman  Catholic  chapel  in  the  Lon- 
don-road, as  soon  as  the  new  church  is 
finished,  will  be  converted  into  an  hospital 
for  the  cure  of  cancer. 


RSSTORATION   OF   ST.    MARY  REDCLIFFE 
CHURCH,  BRISTOL. 

A  meeting  of  the  subscribers  of  10/.  and 
upwards  towards  the  fund  for  the  restora- 
tion and  repair  of  St.  Mary  Redcliffe 
Church,  Bristol,  was  held  on  the  25th 
Jan.  the  Mayor,  William  Lewton  Clarke, 
esq.  in  the  chair,  when  the  committee 
submitted  a  report  of  their  proceedings 
since  Jan.  1843.  The  result  of  their 
endeavours  has  been  the  receipt  of  names 
of  subscribers  to  the  amount  of  4,708/. 
13«.  Qd,  including  the  vote  of  vestry  of 
3,000/.  Expenses  have  been  incurred 
amounting  to  about  490/.  The  committee 
observed,  that  the  very  limited  number  of 
subscriptions  at  present  announced,  must, 
in  a  great  degree,  be  attributed  to  their 
own  reluctance  to  urge  more  strongly 
their  claims  under  the  unparalleled  de- 
pression in  the  commercial  world  during 
the  past  year,  which  they  felt  must  pre- 
vent many  in  their  great  mercantile  city, 
and  elsewhere,  from  rendering  their  as- 
sistance. They  cannot  believe  that  their 
fellow-citizens  are  careless  or  indifferent 
towards  the  preservation  of  the  noble 
fabric,  so  deservedly  the  pride  of  their 
cityi  or  unmindful  of  the  great  and  ad- 
vantageous effect  on  the  public  feeling 
which  would  be  produced  by  a  general  and 
liberal  subscription  in  Bristol,  and,  as  the 
committee  trust  that  brighter  prospects 
are  opening  upon  us,  they  recommended 
the  meeting  to  consider  the  propriety  of 
extending,  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
twelve  months,  the  time  for  procuring 
subscriptions  under  the  provision  of  the 
5lh  resolution.  Resolutions  in  accord- 
ance with  this  report  were  carried  unani- 
mously. 


STAINED     GLASS     AT     LITTLBBOBOUGH, 
CO.  LANCASTBB. 

The  church  of  this  picturesque  village 
has  just  been  embellished  by  the  erection 
of  a  msgnificent  east  window  of  painted 
glass.  The  window  is  an  indifferent 
specimen  of  the  perpendicular  style  of 
architecture,  and  consists  of  five  compart- 
ments, with  a  middle  transom,  and  some 
head  tracery  in  the  turnings  of  the  arches. 
The  glass  of  the  upper  compartments  is 
brilliantly  rich,  and  consists  of  an  ex- 
uberance of  geometrical  design  and  decO' 
ration.  In  the  centre  division  is  a  Urge 
full-length  figure  of  the  Apostle  St.  Peter, 
crowned  with  an  open  screen  of  richly- 
tabernacled  niches.  The  drapery  is 
singularly  beautiful,  and  the  character  of 
the  whole  figure  dignified  and  expressive. 
The  sacred  monogram  IHS  is  appro- 
priately placed  above  this  painting.  These, 
with  some  other  pieces,  are  the  gift  of  the 
ladies  in  the  neighbourhood.  Below  the 
transom,  in  the  five  lights,  are  various 
intersecting  lines  of  great  beauty  and  in- 
genuity of  design,  consisting  principally 
of  glass  of  a  ruby  and  green  hue,  taste- 
fully relieved  by  the  insertion  of  seventeen 
shields,  bearing  the  heraldic  arms  of  some 
of  the  most  ancient  and  opulent  families 
of  the  parish,  many  of  which,  however, 
are  now  extinct  in  the  male  line.  The 
middle  division  contains  the  arms  of  the 
Bishop  of  the  diocese,  the  Vicar  of  Roch- 
dale (who  is  the  patron  of  the  living), 
and  those  of  the  Incumbent.  The  sim- 
plicity of  the  design  in  this  compartment, 
strikingly  contrasts  with  the  rich,  varied* 
and  elaborate  workmanship  above  it,  whilst 
the  intersecting  circles,  loxenges,  and 
other  sacred  emblems  in  the  lateral 
windows  of  the  church  have  produced  a 
soft  and  subdued  light,  as  well  as  having 
greatly  improved  the  appearance  of 
the  interior.  It  is  gratifymg  to  state, 
that  this  good  work  was  designed,  under- 
taken, and  completed  by  Mrs.  Robert 
Newall,  a  lady  residing  in  the  village 
of  Littleborough,  near  Rochdale,  who 
has  been  fortunate  in  securing  the  ser- 
vices of  Mr.  Christopher  Barker,  an 
ingenious  and  talented  young  artist  in 
Rochdale. 


RIPON   CATHBDRAL. 

The  venerable  cathedral  of  Ripon  has, 
during  the  last  two  years,  undergone  se- 
veral repairs.  The  south-west  tower  has 
had  its  bands,  mouldings,  window-heads, 
and  pilasters  restored,  and  the  walls  tied 
together  with  large  iron  bars,  thus  ren- 
dering it  more  fit  to  sustain  the  peal  of 
bells  which  hang  therein.  The  apex  of 
the  middle  compartment  of  the  west  front 
down  to  the  string  course  under  the  top 


1844.] 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


183 


liglitf  httft  also  been  tborotighly  restored, 
ftnd  an  early- English  cross,  in  good  taster 
fixed  on  the  point.  Grained  ceilings,  in 
the  Norman  style,  have  been  added  to 
the  transepts'  roofs. 

NKW    COUNTY    GAOL    AT    READING. 

The  new  gaol  for  the  county  of  Berks* 
at  Reading,  which  is  now  in  tht^  courae  of 
erection  at  an  expense  of  very  nearly 
^;i,(KK>/.  is  fust  approaching  townrds  com* 
pletion.  The  east  wing  is  finbhed,  in- 
cluding rhe  kitchens  and  all  the  neceasary 
offioeSf  and  contains  between  TO  and  bO 
reUa.  The  whole  cost  of  the  erection  will 
be  as  foUows :— The  building,  28,2.tG/. ; 
the  internal  tittings,  3,^3/. ;  aud  the  fees 
to  the  architect,  and  the  salary  to  the  clerk 
of  the  works,  1 ,4(10/.     Totals  32. 953/, 


ST.    PETER  S    CHAPEL,    NEWCASTLE. 

Another  obituary  window  of  stained 
glass  has  been  added  to  this  heautiful 
cbapeL  It  i&  in  memory  of  the  late  Miss 
Gothard,  of  St.  Andrew's  parish,  and  has 
been  presented  by  Sanderson  Ildertou, 
esq,  and  his  wife  and  family,  Mr.  Wailcs 
of  Newcastle  is  the  artist.  Being  coro- 
memorative  of  a  departed  female,  the 
three  lights  of  the  window  are,  with  great 
prot^ricty,  filled  with  three  female  saints. 
Tlve  Blessed  Virgin  occnpics  the  centre, 
with  the  Holy  Child  in  her  arms  ;  and  on 
her  right  is  St.  Anne,  her  mother,  and  on 
her  left  St.  Elizabeth,  her  cousin.  The 
artist  has  admirably  succeeded  in  giving  a 
subdued  and  mellow  tone  to  the  compo- 
sition  ;  and  the  window,  both  in  design  and 
exeeutioQ,  is  a  great  ornament  to  the  cha^ 
pel. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


SOCIETY  or  ANTIdt^AaiGB. 

Jan,  11.  Henry  Ilallam,  esq.  V.P, 
Albert  Way,  esq.  Director,  eJthibited  it 
rubbing  from  a  very  tine  foreign  sepulchral 
brass,  now  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Pratt  of 
Bond-street.  It  came  from  a  family  chapel 
in  Germany  or  Flanders,  and  represents 
Ludovic  Corteville  and  hn  lady. 

Mr*.  Douhleday,  of  the  British  Museum, 
cjthtbited  a  small  oval  seal  (in  sulphur) 
inscribed  a,  kag'ri  simonis  langktox, 
and  bearing  a  hnety-ejtecuted  head,  which 
may  be  supposed  to  be  the  jior trait  of  its 
owner,  KiEsion  Langeton,  Archdeacon  of 
Canterbury,  and  brother  to  the  Arch- 
bishop,  Stephen  Langion.  He  founded 
a  hospital  for  poor  priests  at  Canterbury 

Mr.  Douhleday  also  e.'ciiibited  plaster 
casts  of  the  seal  of  King  Chnrlen  the 
Second  for  the  counties  of  Carmarthen, 
Cardigan,  and  Pembroke.  The  obverse 
has  the  King's  effigy  on  horseback,  and 
the  legend  caholub  ii  dst  gracia  mag. 
nniTTASijf  raAMCi.£  et  ut!iEfiNi.£  rex 
FiO£t  nEFKNSon.  The  obverse  has  the 
anus  of  France  and  England  quarterly, 
quartering  Scotland  and  Ireland;  sup- 
porters, the  dragon  and  the  spotted  jmnthcr. 
Above  the  »hidd  a  crown,  and  below  a 
plume  of  three  ostrich  feathers,  and  the 
motto  icR  01  EN.   Lfgend,  sig.  pro  can- 

ClLtAltlA    Pao    COMtTATlHDS   CARMAR- 
THEN CAROIGAN  ET  PENUROCR. 

Two  coloured  drawings  were  exhibited 
by  Mr.  W.  Beak,  of  Roman  tesselated 
pavements,  the  one  presei-vcd  in  the  park 
of  Earl  Bathurst,  the  other  in  the  garden 
of  Mr,  Brewiu  of  Cirencester. 


J.  Y.  Akemiftn,  esq.  F,S.A.  com- 
municated a  note  in  illustration  of  a  re- 
presentation of  the  bead  of  St.  John  the 
BaiJtist  on  a  leaden  ouche  or  ornament 
foutid  at  Abbcfille  ;  he  noticed  the  analogy 
between  the  iigure  of  the  head  and  tbat  on 
the  eoius  of  King  John  ^  aitd  gave  instances 
of  the  veneration  in  which  the  head  of  the 
saint  was  held  in  thti  middle  ages. 

Sir  Henry  Ellis  read  a  very  interesting 
report  of  the  seiscure  and  examination  of  a 
Jesuit  under  the  disguise  of  a  Puritan  ia 
the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  singularly  illus- 
trative of  the  Machiavellic  doctrines  a«d 
practices  of  thnt  order,  and  the  activity  of 
the  Jesuit  missionaries  in  England  at  that 
time. 

He  then  concladed  the  reading  of  the 
translation,  bj  George  Stephens,  esq. 
(autbor  of  the  Translation  of  FrithioPs 
Saga  from  the  Swedish,)  of  *'  The  King 
of  Birds,  or  the  Lay  of  the  Phoenix;  an 
Auglo-Saxon  song  of  the  Tenth  or  Eleventh 
century,  translated  into  the  metre  and 
alliteration  of  the  original;^'  followed  by 
a  description,  by  the  same  gentleman,  of 
an  English  medical  manuscript,  apparently 
of  the  end  of  the  fourteenth  century,  pre- 
served at  Stockholm. 

Jan.  IS.     Lord  Viscount  Mahon,  M.P. 

John  Brodrick  Bergnc,  esq.  was  elected 
a  Fellow  of  the  Society. 

Albert  Way,  esq.  Director,  exhibited  a 
combination  of  several  prints  from   Mr. 
J.  G.  Nicbols's  **  Specimens  of  Encaustic 
Tiles,"  showing  the  effect  of  the  wall- til ci  j 
with  which  the  church  of  Great  Malvera  i 
was  formerly  ornamented,  in  the  manner  ] 
of  wainscoting,  and  many  of  which  stlU 


A^ipuriMn  RemtwtheM. 


194 


trmsun  in  U«e  fftremeat.  f^rr  %rt  ren- 
<«re«l  u**Mt  ibUrt4(io|  by  beuuf  a  dale. 
Uft  i^Au  Heci.'T  VI. 

W.  K.  HuLjitob,  oq.  V.P.  made  a 
univibur.xatioii  r^^tive  to  Tarioci  abdect 
w«a|^4bi,  fouii'i  lb  tLc  bed  of  the  Tbucet. 
intfjt-.^iauly  aV^vc  Kibf^iton.  fcren  feet 
bcWw  a  brd  of  (ravel.  TLej  were  chie^lf 
i4  braa*  mHaJ  abd  caat,  and  therefore 
••|fp«#»cd  t/i  be  K/ifbaa. 

Mr.  Way  rontribut*^!  tome  further  oh- 
■arvaiMfht  on  thelcadeo  ornameDt  bearing 
Ui«t  lirvd  fff  Jobb  the  Baptitt,  exhibited 
at  tbc  |ir«-^-iou*  ineftiog  of  the  society. 
It  a|f|i<;«r«  tbat  tlic  head  of  John  the 
lUfitiit  w««  iiri-Mrr^ed  among  the  relict 
at  AfiiH:fiii,  and  that  it  wab  a  faiourite 
tAtiMi  of  iitlgrim^fsi; ;  and  Mr.  Way  mtxt 
■Iroiig  irM%^m%  for  believing  that  theie 
\rHt\ru  oii'li<r»,  ^'.Itich  rudtly  represent 
tbt?  iffUnt),  or  ii«:(;|>«T  of  the  ihrine,  ex- 
hil«i(ii<i(  rh<-  hMuJ,  iflt<:ridrd  by  hiii  two 
HtM^ifK,  wMc  frivi'fi  to  pilgriinM,  who 
fan  ii-<)  tlifiri  about  their  |iersons  as  amulets 
\j»  \nnrt\r.  Wit-ni  from  the  dixraiM:  of  epi- 
li-pty,  or  the  I  ailing  »:vil  (U  fnal  Htt  Saint 
Jamn,  tit  tmorbut  Saneti  JuhannU),  which 
that  Mint  was  t>r|icvf:d  to  have  the  power 
fff  f-uflng. 

Tbonifea  Wright,  ekf|.  F.S.A.  commu- 
nlfiatrd  ■  mrdlirvMl  Hkt  of  engraved  gems, 
with  drMriptloiis  of  the  magical  Tirtues 
thr*  wi-ru  lirlirveil  Ut  iMMMess  ;  and  an  iu- 
tfiidurlfiry  f-MHy  on  thr  excavations  and 
irsrnri  lie*  for  antif|iiitii'B  by  Uic  monks  in 
Ihn  niliiillf  ai;f-«.  Tin-  Anglo-Saxons  ap- 
|Har  to  liMvi'  liren  iiHkiduoUH  lu  o|>ening 
■nf'lriit  liiiiilitt,  and  iliKffing  among  ruins, 
ami  III  tjila  inNiiiirr  tjiry  rollrrtcd  together 
grrat  nninbi  ra  of  Uornaii  nrtirlrs.  The 
anrirnt  ('hiistiaii  rituals  rontain  forms 
for  blmaing  vaar.s  and  other  vrssels  dug 
up  from  thr  earth,  in  order  to  render 
thrm  At  for  ('hristiun  use.  A  curious 
arronut  is  given  in  (hi;  early  lives  of  the 
ablKits  of  Kt.  Alhnn'H  of  the  extensive 
rxnavations  made  by  two  abtiots  in  ihu 
tenth  century  among  the  ruins  of  Veru- 
lamium,  and  of  the  numerous  euriosities 
they  found.  Among  these  curiosities 
there  were  many  engraved  stones.  There 
were  numerous  collections  of  engraved 
gems  In  the  middle  ages,  and  many  in- 
stances were  cited.  The  virtues  attributed 
to  these  articles  are  strange  enough.  One 
is  stated  to  have  the  quality  of  rendering 
the  bearer  liable  to  be  frequently  invited 
out  to  dinner,  and  to  be  much  feasted ; 
another  to  make  the  bearer  invisible ;  and 
so  on  with  the  rest. 

Jan,  i^o.     Henry  Hallam,  esq.  V.P. 

Mons.  Edouard  Frere,  of  Rouen,  and 

Mons.  L^chaud^  d*Anisy,  of  Caen  (the 

associate  of  the  late  Marquis  de  Ste.  Marie 

in  •*  Recherchessurle  Domesday  d* Angle- 

9 


[Feb. 

')  were  cMcteJ  TonlgB  Mflnbcn  of 
the  SodetT. 

Tlfte  Dnvetor  ahibited  ft  Ifttfe  plate, 
prinied  in  chrosDO-litbognphy  Ibr  Mont. 
Dusommerard's  Hiitoire  des  Aita  da 
Moren  Are,  of  the  enamelled  tablet  of 
Geofrer  le  Bel  i.FlaBtageDCt),  at  limns 
Twhich  was  engravvd  in  a  naaller  scale 
by  the  Ute  C.  A.  ScoChard.) 

Mr.  Rogen  exhibittd  an  Etraaeaa  in« 
stniment  of  bronae  in  the  form  of  a  anall 
pair  of  fire-tongi.  fitted  with  two  fittk 
wheels. 

Albert  Way.  eeq.  Director,  cxhibitBd  a 
deed  now  in  the  pometsion  of  Richard 
Almack,  esq.  of  Long  Mclford,  being  a 
lease  of  the  Earl  of  Bedford  in  the  year 
1 570  to  Sir  W  illiam  Cedll,  aftcrwarda  £ord 
Burghley,  of  a  pasture  at  the  eaat  end  of 
Covent  Garden,  on  the  aite  of  which  Lord 
Uurghley  afterwards  erected  hii  town 
mansion.  Air.  Way  made  some  remarks 
upon  the  description  of  the  honndaries  of 
the  land,  in  which  mod  wallsand**  atalpa, 
or  rails,*'  are  mentioned. 

Sir  Henry  Ellis,  Secretary,  commnni- 
cated  three  historical  docnmenti :  1.  A 
note  of  the  good  nset  to  which  die  Com- 
panies of  London  applied  their  gnnti  of 
Chantry  Lands,  which  it  appeara  they  pur- 
chased of  the  Crown  to  the  extent  of 
18.714/.  2.  A  letter  written  in  1588  hj 
William  Benett,  priest,  to  the  Eari  of 
Arundel,  begging  nil  forgiTcneaa  fbr  the 
** false  charge**  against  the  Earl  which 
had  been  extorted  from  him,  to  the  effect 
that  the  Earl  had  ordered  a  mam  of  dM 
Holy  Ghost  for  the  good  socceai  of  the 
Spanish  fleet,  and  o^ering  to  deny  the 
same  at  all  haxards.  3 .  A  statement  of  Af- 
fairs Ecclesiastical  in  Guernsey  andlcnty 
in  the  time  of  James  the  First,  C 
the  innovation  of  the  Book  of  < 
Prayer  which  had  taken  place  vpon  the 
influx  of  French  Protestants  who  came  to 
the  channel  islands  after  the  mawicm 
of  St.  Bartholomew,  and  snbititiiled  a 
Book  of  Discipline  of  their  own.  The 
memoir  proceeded  to  recommend  a  re- 
storation of  the  liturgy,  and  the  appofait- 
ment  of  a  Dean  of  Jersey,  hoth  whidi 
prayers  were  shortly  after  granted. 


NUMISMATIC   SOCIBTT. 

Dtc,  28.  Professor  Wilson,  V.P.  in 
the  chair. 

Mr.  Rhodes  exhibited  a  steel  die  fbr  tiie 
reverse  of  the  shilling  of  James  I.,  found 
a  few  years  since  in  London  Wall,  near 
Finsbury  Circus. 

The  Rev.  E.  Gibbs  WaUbrd  exhibited 
some  Roman  coins  recently  found  at  the 
Black  Grounds,  Chippen  Warden. 

The  Hon.  W.  E.  Gladstone,  M.P., 
Master  of  the  Mint,  presented  to  the  So- 


1844] 


Antiquarian  Htsearches, 


im 


dety  a  complete  set  of  proof  ^ccimens  of 
the  cottL}  of  her  present  Majestyi  incltid- 
tng  the  five-sovereigD  piece. 

Mr.  Birch  exhibited  a  Chinese  medal  of 
merit,  being  a  speciinen  of  thoae  bestovred 
by  the  Emperor  upon  every  soldier  who 
coold  prove  that  he  hud  killed  a  harbariaD 
during  the  late  war.  It  appears  to  have 
been  struck  by  wooden  hlockn,  and  more 
raetnbles  a  badge  than  a  mcdaL 

R^ad,  a  paper  by  the  Rev.  E.  G.  Wat- 
ford on  a  coin  of  Juba  the  Second,  some 
time  since  brought  before  the  notice  of  the 
Society  by  Mr*  Birch,  The  chiefintercst 
excited  by  the  coin  arises  from  an  inscrip- 
tion in  Phoentciancbaractersonthe  reverse, 
beneath  the  fij^ure  of  a  horse ,  uiibridled ,  and 
muningat  full  speed,  and  which  ha<!  drawn 
the  attention  of  the  late  learned  Professor 
GeseDius^  By  the  aid  of  Hebrew,  which 
he  quotes  St.  Augustine  and  other  writers 
to  show  came  from  the  same  sonrco  a  a  the 
Phoenician  language,  Mr.  Walford  explains 
th«  inacription  to  read  **  By  the  decree  of 
King  Juba.*  The  reading  of  the  paper 
excitisd  an  interesting  conversation  be- 
tween Mr*  Birch f  Professor  Wilson,  and 
Mr.  Akerman,  on  the  Phoenician  inscrip- 
tions no  coins,  and  on  the  bilingual  ones 
of  the  Bactrian  series. 

Jan.  ?(>.  Profef-sor  Wilson  in  the  chair* 

Mr*  Joseph  Clark,  of  Saffron  Walden, 
reported  a  discovery  of  an  urn  filled  with 
small  brass  Roman  coins  at  Wootton^  near 
Northampton.  There  were,  it  Is  supposedi 
nearly  a  thousand  in  the  urn,  but  the 
number  was  reduced  to  CIS  before  Mr. 
Clark  could  secure  them  for  exsminatiun^ 
They  are  of  GalUenus,  Salonina,  Victori- 
nus,  Tetricus,  Marius,  Quintiltus^  ProbuSt 
CUudiuiii  II*  and  Namerianus, 

Mr,  Smith  gave  the  result  of  an  exa- 
mination of  some  Anglo-Saxon  coins  found 
by  Mr.  Charles  Ade  at  Alfriston,  in  Sus- 
sex. Tliey  are  of  Canute,  Harold,  Uarth- 
acDUt,  and  E  J  ward  the  Confessor,  and 
preaent  the  names  of  new  places  of  mlnt- 
age^  new  money  era'  names,  and  new 
readings  of  the  names  of  some  towns. 

Mr.  Fitch  forwarded  for  exhibition  an 
aureus  of  Vespasian,  rev.  the  Emperor 
crowned  by  Victory,  found  recently  at 
Helmingham,  co.  Suffolk. 

Mr.  Smith  exhibited  a  cast  from  a  gold 
coin  of  Libius  Severus,  lately  found  near 
Carisbrooke,  and  forwarded  by  Mr*  John 
Barton  t  Mr*  Smith  remarked  that  the 
Isle  of  Wight  had  hitherto  been  singularly 
barren  of  Roman  »ritiquitic«*  The  present 
coin,  another  inguldof  Valentinian,  lately 
found  at  Brixton,  and  at  Cliff  an  urn  tilled 
with  the  small  brass  coins  of  Theodorieas, 
Ari^adtus,  and  Hanorius,  being,  he  be- 
lievcd,  almost  all  the  discovery  of  which 
in  the  island  could  be  authenticated. 

GuttT.  Mag,  Vol..  XXI. 


Mr*  Smith  also  made  some  remarks  on 
a  rare  coin  of  Nerva,  in  second  brass, 
found  at   Colchester,  and  sent  by  Mr»fl 
Wire  of  thut  town.     It  reads  niptvnq*! 
ciRCENS'  coNBTiTVT* — Neptimo  Circen^J 
Hum  Comtitutori,  and  is  evidently  similar' 
to  that  found  at  Colchesterf  and  published 
by  Ashby  in  vol.  vf  *  Archicologla. 

The  Rev.  H.  Christmas  made  some  re- 
marks on  the  Bitrmese  coins  exhibited  at 
the  last  meeting,  and  showed  in  illustra- 
tion an  illuminated  Stameae  MS.  Mr. 
Dickinson  concluded  that  the  stag-like 
animals  on  the  coins,  with  branching 
bonis,  were  probably  intended  to  repre- 
sent the  sol  lunar  character  of  Mahadeva. 
Mr.  Birch  thought  that  the  parts  where 
these  coins  were  current  were  too  far  from 
any  part  were  Brahmitil.^m  was  prevalent 
to  expect  the  coins  should  bear  allusion  to 
Brahminical  legends.  In  the  illuminated 
parts  of  the  MS.  (from  the  collection  of 
the  Rev.  Bathurst  Dcane)  the  history  of 
Gaudma  is  depicted,  and  that  deity  is 
always  accompanieii  by  the  sacred  hind, 
an  animal  which  makes  a  considemble 
li^ure  in  Burmese  tradition. 

Read,  a  paper  by  John  Field,  esq.  on 
the  ancient  dies,  or  coining  irons,  for 
the  hammered  money^  as  used  in  England 
from  tbtf  earliest  period,  accompanied  by 
coins  struck  from  dies  of  Edward  tlio 
Third,  still  preserved,  sketches  of  th« 
dies,  &c, 

KOMAN   ILBMAINS    AT  PRSaTOHf  NlAft 
WBYMOUTH. 

The  dry  summer  of  184^  having  shewn 
in  the  then  growing  crops  of  com  in  a 
field  at  PrestoQ   indications  of  extoii«iv« 
buildings,  excavations  were  in  the  spring 
of  the  past  year  made,  which  soon  brought 
to  view  the  foundations  of  a  massive  wall 
5  feet  in  thickness,  and  forming  a  squaro 
of  about  2B0  feet;  within  this  qimdrangtsfi 
WAS  the  foundation  of  asothcr  building:] 
a5  feet  square :  the  soil  within  this  Intiflf  I 
building  was  removed  i  and  the  few  coini  | 
and  fragments  of    pottery  which    i 
turned    up    clearly    proved    it   to   be   of  I 
Roman    origin.     But  the    most  sin§pila9 1 
discovery  made  was  that  of  a  shaft  sunk  fat  j 
the  south-east  corner,  which  was  about  4  j 
feet  by  2^  feet  in  diameter,  and  nearly  IB  j 
feet  deep.     The  contents  of  this  pit  werQ  J 
of  a  very  peculiar  character  ;  the  tides  ha" 
thin  flat  stones  placed  rounds  which ,  frofl 
holes  in  many  of  them,  appeared  to  have  J 
been  previously  used  for  the  covering  (a  _ 
at  the  present  day)  of  a  roof.     On  pene- 
trating  into  the   shaft  a  layer  of  char- 
coal and  ashes  wos  met  with-,  then  a  dou- 
ble layer  of  the   same  description  of  ffat 
stones  covered  the  whole  area  of  the  shalt; 
between    these  atones    was  depoaited  m 
2B 


1B6 


/tiitiquarinn  Researcket. 


[Feb. 


quantity  of  small  (chiefly  bird*')  *  bones, 
and  third-brass  coins  of  apparently  the 
lower  empire^  but  their  conditioQ  was 
such  that  (with  the  exception  of  one  of 
Theodosias)  tUey  could  not  be  appropri- 
ated. Six  or  leven  of  iheie  layers  of 
charcoal  and  flat  stones  with  bones  and 
coins  were  continued  in  tuccession,  when 
a  straight  sword  about  2"^  tnehes  in  length 
and  much  corroded  was  found.  Under 
this  were  seven  more  continuous  layers  ai 
before,  which  brought  us  to  the  bottom  of 
the  pit ;  here  was  a  larger  sword,  (3(j  inc. 
loof «)  and  straight  as  the  other»  with  nu- 
merOBS  fregtnents  of  iron,  viz.  spear 
heads f  rings,  crooks,  part  of  the  handle  of 
a  bncket.f  of  similar  shape  with  that  in 
Uie  at  the  present  time,  and  Tarious  other 
articles,  all  which  appeared  to  have  un. 
dcrgone  the  action  of  fire.  With  theae 
were  also  fragments  of  coarse  pottery,  and 
two  Teasels  of  the  same  description  of 
ware*  which  were  entire,  and  whose  shape 


*  Some  years  since,  **  in  dtggiQf  with- 
in the  ruina  of  the  Priory  at  Christ 
Church,  Hants,  a  caTity  was  found,  about 
S  feet  square,  which  contained  about  half 
a  baihcl  of  birds'  bones,  such  aa  herons, 
bitterns,  and  do'ncstic  fowls,  mostly  well 
preserved.  Extraordinary  as  thJi  phe< 
nomenon  may  seem,'*  observes  Warner, 
^*  there  is  do  difficulty  in  accounting  for  it, 
if  we  advert  to  the  superstition  of  the 
ancient  Romans,  and  to  the  practices  of 
the  early  Christians.  Among  the  former, 
many  fjiecics  of  bird*  were  held  m  high 
veneration,  and  carefully  preserved  for 
the  purpose  of  sacrificial  and  aagurial 
divination," 

t  Singular  as  the  finding  of  the  handle 
of  a  bucket,  of  a  shape  In  use  at  the  pre- 
sent time,  may  appear,  yet  it  U  not  with- 
out precedent,  at  1  Hud  In  the  S7th  vol. 
of  the  Archsologia,  p,  148,  a  Heport  by 
that  indefatigable  antiquary,  Charlea 
Roach  Smith,  £aq  of  discoveries  in 
London,  and  of  the  exhumation  of  a 
quantity  of  earthen  vases,  in  a  kind  of 
wiiLt,  plaiiked  round  with  large  boarda, 
on  the  site  of  the  present  Moorgate  Street, 
with  the  contents  of  the  well,  llie  writer 
enmneratea  a  aroill  Samian  patera,  with 
tb«  iYy4eaf  border,  and  a  few  figured 
piacei  of  the  same,  aa  found  at  the 
bottom  of  the  well ;  also  a  small  brass  coin 
of  Allectus  with  the  reverse  of  the  galley, 
**  Virtus  Aug.'*  and  roorrover  two  iron 
implements,  reaembling  a  boat-hook  and 
ft  hmcM  handle*  *'  The  latter  of  theac 
wrrist  such  a  homely  mid  modem  look,*' 
olwenres  Mr.  Smith,  **  that,  had  I  no 
further  evidence  of  its  history  than  tlie 
mere  assurance  of  the  excavators,  I  should 
litttiiiUy  have  rvjeeted  it.'* 


indicated  their  adaptation  to  domestic 
uses. 

The  shaft  was  probed  to  its  bottom  ; 
but,  as  the  land  was  about  to  be  sown  with 
com,  it  was  necessary  that  the  excava- 
tions should  here  be  discontinued  ;  a  cir^ 
cumstance  to  be  regretted,  as  but  a  small 
portion  of  the  ground  in  tha  space  be- 
tween the  outer  aud  inner  walls  was 
moved.  The  only  interestitig  objects  here 
discovered  were  the  bases  of  two  pillars  of 
apparently  the  Doric  order,  both  of  which 
must  have  been  displaced  from  their  ori- 
ginal position. 

The  numerous  fragments  of  Roman 
pottery  strewn  over  the  adjoining  soil,  as 
well  as  the  circumiitance  of  the  finding  in 
the  same  6t:ld  in  IB12  an  urn  filled  with 
Roman  coins,  chie0y  of  the  tyrants  from 
Gorilian  to  Posthumus,  (many  of  which  in 
the  finest  condition  I  have  in  ray  collect 
tion,)  establish  the  fact  of  extensive 
Roman  occupation.  1  feel  a  djfndence  in 
baxarding  a  conjecture  an  these  singular 
discoveries,  particularly  as  regards  the 
shaft,  further  than  that  1  think  it  is  quite 
evident  that  its  contents  must  have 
formed  a  scries  of  sacrificial  deposits. 
Witb  reference  to  the  building  itself,  I 
would  merely  suggest  the  probability,  of 
the  interior  portion  having  been  used  by 
the  Romans  as  a  pharos,^  of  which  the 
outward  waU  was  used  as  a  protection* 
The  structure  occupied  a  site  most  advan- 
tageously placed  for  such  an  object ;  beinf 
situated  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  fVom 
the  shore,  on  an  eminence  commanding 
the  whole  of  tbe  beautiful  bay  of  Wey- 
mouth, in  addition  to  an  extensive  view 
of  the  CbanncL  An  ancient  rta,  which  led 
from  hence  to  the  landing  plaee  on  the 
shore,  it  still  easily  traced. 

On  returning  from  the  scene  of  our 
operations  to  the  village  of  Preston,  in 
crossing  a  pasture  field  some  slight  indi- 
cations offered  themselves,  which  impressed 
us  with  all  but  a  conviction  that  we  were 
treading  on  the  ruins  of  by -gone  ages. 
The  temptation  was  great  i  the  impulse 
of  the  moment  allayed  all  scruples  ]  and 
a  few  minutes  sufficed  to  remote  the 
surface  of  the  soil,  to  the  extent  of  about 
a  yard  square,  when  we  at  once  found 
ourselves  on  Roman  remains,  turning  up, 
with  bull  ding  atones,   fragments  of  the 

X  Foabroke*!  Ency*  Anfiq.''  artiole 
Lighthouses,  says,  "  they  were  round 
towers,  of  three  or  four  stories,  each 
smaller  than  the  other;  some  were 
**  square,'*  others  '*  octagonal,**  flee,  and 
quotes  from  Pennant's'*  History  of  White- 
ford  and  Holywell,"  fol.  112,  the  dc- 
scription  of  one  then  (1794)  remaining 
in  the  former  pariah* 


4 


18440 


Antiquarmt  Itcsearches. 


18; 


well  known  tile,  pottery,  and  one  or  two 
tesserte,  with  a  coin  of  the  LupercaJiftn 
senet  in  good  condition.  UnwilliDg  to 
trefffiUB,  or  prosecute  our  new  discoTery 
without  permission »  wc  reluctantly  re- 
placed the  gr^en  sward,  with  the  hope  of 
beiDj;  allowed,  at  some  future  day,  to 
resume  our  researches. 
MilbQurne  St.  Andrew* t,      C*  Waiinb» 


FUNERAL    RELICS, 

In  preparing  a  vault  in  the  chance!  of 
the  chapel  at  Loversall,  near  Don  caster, 
in  December  last,  tho  sexton  came  to  a 
fulMcngth  skeleton,  lying  about  three  feet 
helow  the  surface  of  the  floor,  lust  above 
each  shoulder  of  which  was  placed  a  small 
pewter  chalice^  with  stand  and  cover. 
They  measured  about  four  inches  in  height^ 
three  in  circumfcreneei  and  one  and  a 
quarter  in  depth.  The  lids  were  about 
four  inches  in  circumfereDoe»  and  were 
loose  when  discovered.  Near  to  these 
chalices  was  a  quantity  of  human  hair,  of 
an  auburn  cotouri  which,  when  first  aeeOt 
was  very  bright,^  but  soon  changed  to  a 
duller  hue  when  exposed  to  the  air  and 
light.  One  of  the  chalices  was  accident* 
ally  destroyed,  but  the  other»  though 
somewhat  damaged,  was  prescrred,  and  is 
in  the  possession  of  Charles  Jackson,  esq. 
of  Doncaster*  They  were  probably  the 
sacramental  vesteU  used  by  the  priest 
whose  remains  have  now  been  disturbed. 


In  Sept.  1843,  as  some  men  were  cut> 
ting  a  drain  Dear  the  South  Terrace,  they 
came  upon   two   graves  about  four  feet| 
below  the  surface.     Close  to  tlie  edge  < 
the  clilf  they  disinterred  several  bouesj 
and  at  the  spot  where  they  supposed  th»l 
heail   had    rested,  they  found   the    stonaj 
here  represented. 


BXPULCBRAL    STOKBS    rOtTNZl    AT 
BARTLiePOOL. 

We  have  been  favoured  by  Mr.  John 
Bell,  of  Gateshead,  with  tracings  of  the 
two  last  stOQCS  discovered  at  Hartlepool, 
and  inetitioned  in  our  December  number 
as  having  been  brought  before  the  notice 
of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  New- 
castle. 

In  all,  BiJL  of  these  stones  have  been 
discovered  at  the  same  spot*  The  Urat 
throe  vrere  exhumed  6  July,  l^^2  ;  and  are 
engraved  in  the  Archseologla,  vol.  XXVI* 
pi,  lii.     Their  inscriptioua  are  as  follow  : 

L  Hilddigyth  (in  Rtines.) 

'2,  Hilditbryth  (in  Runes),  with  the 
letters  A.  Q. 

3.    ORA  PRO  VRRTORET 

With  these  were  some  otlier  pieces,  ap- 
parently fragments  of  one  stone,  executed 
iu  a  dilTerent  style,  and  inscribed   [a]£. 
aviEscAT  [ts  pa]ce. 
Next  there  v^na  one  found  in  Oct.  ia38, 
of  which  au  eugraving  may  be  seen  in  our 
vol.  X.  p.  536«     It  is  inscribed  i 
A.  O. 
oSRcht  syc. 

The  fihh  and  sixth  have  been  dli- 
interred  daring  the  last  atttamo« 


n^h 


At  the  same  time  they  turned  up  several] 
small  pieces  of  coloured  glass,  part  of  &] 
bone  Icnitting- needle,  and  a  defaced  copper" 
coin,  probably  of  no  great  antiquity. 

In  Oct,  t@4J,  as  a  man  was  excavating 
a  drain  not  far  from  the  laj^t^  be  found 
a  stone  with  a  Saxon  inscription,  and  a 
cross,  here  represented* 


L 


There  is  a  general  resemblance  betwe 
this  ornamental  cross  and  the  bronxe  cot 
ing  of  a  shield  engraved  in  the  Arcbeeo«l 
logia,  vol.  XXIII.  pi.  xiii.  and  SkeltonT^ 
Illustrations  of  the  Armouiy  at  Goodridl 
Conrt,  vol.  I.  pi.  ilvii. 

Underneath  this  stone  was  a  skeleton, 
with  the  head  resting  on  a  small  square 
stone  ;  and  shortly  after,  another  skeleton 
WW  tttkea  up  tery  perfect.    It  waa  tying 


188 


Antiquarian  JRnearches, 


[Feb. 


with  the  head  towards  the  west,  and  it 
appeared  to  be  that  of  a  female.  Under- 
seath  the  head  was  another  small  stone, 
measaring  5(  inches  square ;  but  neither 
of  these  pillow-stones  had  any  inscription. 
Shortly  after  two  more  skeletons  were 
taken  up.  They  most  hare  belonged  to 
yery  tall  men,  as  the  thigh  bones  of  both 
of  them  measured  2 1  i  inches.  They  were 
lying  one  over  the  other. 

Two  of  the  three  inscribed  stones  last 
fovndf  hafe  been  deposited  in  the  college 
at  Durham.  One  of  the  latter  stones  is 
in  the  possession  of  the  clergyman's  son. 


OrSNINO   OF  TUMULI    IN   CLEVBLAND. 

In  No? ember  last  a  number  of  gentle- 
men met  on  one  of  the  Cleyeland  hills 
called  '*  East  Nab/*  (whidi  commands  a 
beantifnl  view  of  the  river  Tees  and  the 
surrounding  country  for  many  miles^  in 
consequence  of  permission  being  obtained 
of  the  Lord  of  the  Manor,  Mr.  Martin 
Stapylton,  to  excavate  two  tumuli,  situ- 
ated on  the  ridge  of  the  mountain.  They 
proceeded  to  investigate  the  western 
mound,  which  they  found  to  be  composed 
of  small  stones,  slightly  intermixed  with 
earth,  and  having  with  much  labour  dug 
to  the  depth  of  about  a  yard  and  a  half, 
they  struck  upon  an  immense  stone,  mea- 
turing  upwards  of  seven  feet  long  b^  four 
feet  wide,  and  from  ten  to  twelve  inches 
in  thickness,  weighing  about  a  ton,  shape- 
less and  unhewn.  This,  by  the  aid  of 
handspikes  (obtained  from  a  neighbouring 
quarry),  was  placed  on  one  edge,  when  a 
hollow  presented  itself,  of  a  grave-like  ap- 
pearance ;  but  it  contained  neither  ske- 
leton, urn,  coin,  weapon,  nor  any  other 
relic  of  antiquity.  After  clearing  away 
the  loose  stones  by  which  the  slab  was 
■vpported,  the  workmen  struck  upon  an- 
other flat  stone  of  immense  size,  but  from 
the  dangerous  position  in  which  they  were 
placed  it  was  deemed  unsafe  to  proceed 
any  further.  They  next  directed  their  at- 
tention to  the  eastern  tumulus,  distant 
about  forty  yards;  proceeding  in  the 
manner  before  described,  by  digging  in 
depth  about  a  yard  and  a  half  towards  the 
centre.  It  was  found  to  differ  widely  from 
the  former  one  in  the  materials  of  which 
H  was  composed,  consisting  chiefly  of 
white  loamy  soil.  After  three  hours' 
labour  they  approached  its  centre,  and  on 
removing  a  flat  stone  found  an  urn,  con- 
trioing  a  great  quantity  of  human  bones 
and  t^th,  the  latter  in  excellent  preser- 
▼ttion.  It  was  in  height  about  16  inches 
by  18  inches  in  diameter,  composed  of 
Immt  clay,  upwards  of  half  an  inch  in 
thiekness,  and  in  colour  resembling  a 
eommon  tile ;  it  had  a  broad  rim  round 


the  top,  and  its  aides  are  marked  in  a 
carious  manner  by  the  point  of  some 
sharp  inatrument.  In  turning  over  the 
mound  innumerable  small  heaps  of  burnt 
wood,  or  charcoal,  were  thrown  up.  Some 
fifty  yards  due  north  of  the  tumuli  1  an 
encampment,  of  a  semicircular  form,  and 
of  considerable  extent. 

INDIAN   ANTiaUITIBS. 

At  the  first  meeting  for  the  present 
year  of  the  Royal  Asiatic  Society,  held  on 
the  6th  of  Jan.  among  several  valuable 
donations  was  the  first  volume  of  a  very 
erudite  German  dictionary  on  Indian  An- 
tiquities, which  the  director  observed  was 
worthy  of  publication  and  extensive  circu- 
lation in  this  country. 

A  paper  was  read  by  Mr.  Jas.  Ferguson, 
on  the  decayed  temples  or  caves  used  as 
places  of  worship  by  the  Buddhists  during 
the  whole  era  of  the  prevalence  of  their 
superstition,  in  the  west  of  India  particu- 
larly. These  embrace  a  very  long  period 
of  time,  extending  through  a  series  of 
from  1000  to  1200  years,  the  time  of  the 
existence  of  this  delusion  in  India.  The 
most  celebrated  of  these  are  the  Ajunda 
caves,  which  are  described  as  singular 
specimens  of  early  Indian  architecture. 
"Diey  are  all  decorated  in  the  interior  with 
aculpture  and  paintings,  and  some  of  them 
have  additional  cells  fitted  up  as  if  they 
bek>nged  to  monasteries.  One  of  these 
may  suffice  as  an  instance  of  the  whole — 
the  Zodiac  cave,  which  was  constructed 
about  two  centuries  before  the  Christian 
era.  It  is  64  feet  in  length  by  63  in 
breadth,  and  is  supported  by  90  pillars, 
being  fitted  up  with  series  of  benches. 
At  the  entrance  is  the  picture  of  a  pro- 
cession, at  the  head  of  which  are  repre- 
sented three  elephants,  showing  that  at 
that  early  period  these  animala  were 
held  in  as  much  respect  as  they  are  now 
by  the  Siamese  and  Burmese.  Here,  as 
in  other  temples,  many  of  the  portraits 
are  of  the  Chinese  character,  which  has 
led  to  the  belief  that  they  were  delineated 
by  Chinese  artists  who  visited  this  country 
at  a  very  early  period.  Amongst  other 
peculiarities  in  these  drawings  was  the 
representation  of  African  negroes,  who 
were  very  black,  and  had  curled  hair. 
Although  there  were  some  paintings  of 
animals  in  the  Zodiac  cave,  it  had  no 
other  resemblance  to  the  Zodiacal  templea 
of  the  Egyptians.  Professor  Wilson,  the 
director,  suggested  the  desirableness  of 
memorialising  the  £aat  India  Company  to 
obtain  drawings  and  deUneations  of  these 
caves  and  their  interiors.  The  majority 
of  them,  having  been  filled  with  mud,  re- 
quire to  be  excavated. 


189 


HISTORICAL   CHRONICLE. 


FOREIGN    NEWS, 


Fft4KCE. 

The  Government   of  Louis    Philippe 

\  lifts  eomnienced  meusuriGB   against  tbosi? 

F«^n'-JinH*n  wbo  recently  flocked  to  Eiig- 

T  y  their  homage  tu  the  Duke  of 

^  The    MesiMiger   announce* 

,  offituiiJiy,  that,  on  the  report  of  the  Minis- 

ler  of  the  Iuterior»  eight  country  iVlayors, 

'  wbo  Uteiy  visited  the  Duke  of  Bordeaiix 

I  in  London^  have    been   dismissed.    H  is 

f  Mi^esty  cannot    ttop    short   with  these 

minor    offenders,    hut    must    visit   with 

DiBrks   of   bis  displeasure  the  principai 

I  leaders,  who  in   tht-ir  addre^ised  to   the 

I  joung  Duke  bafe,  in   theJr  folJy,  all  but 

I  recognized  bim  as  ibeir  King.    When  the 

^Bake  bad  repaired  to   Vienna,  Dresden, 

I  and  Berlin,  where  France  bod  Ambassa- 

1  4or§,  remonstrances  had  b^-en  made  against 

'  lii<  presence  there,  wbtch  were  attended 

to  liy  the  respectire  governments.     The 

'  Queen  of  England  has  also  refused  to 

I  nemft  the  Duke. 

SPAIN. 

The   new   ministry  of    M.   Gonzales 

'  Bfmvo  it  Is  presumed  will  not  long  exist. 

Mr,  H.  L.  Bulwer,  the  Envoy  Extraor- 

[  dinary  of  the  British  Court  to  Spain,  was 

[  {presented  to  the  Queen  on  the  ith  Jan, 

delivered   a    congratulatory  address, 

[to  which   Her  Majesty  delivered  a  suit- 

fMt  reply.     A  royal  decree  ba«  been  ptib- 

flUbed*  restoring  to  the  ex-Regent*  Mw* 

Itii-Chmtinn,   the  pension  of  3*000,000 

twiU  assigned  to  her  by  the  Cortes  in 

iBil.     It  U  expected  that  she  vviJI  imme* 

Ldiately  leave  France  for  Spain,    The  late 

I  Spanish  Minister  OJozaga  has  sought  re- 

[liigcin  Portugal, 

CHINA. 

la  dut  supplementary  treaty  between 
itfae  Chinese  and  the  British,  there  is  one 
r clause  to  guarantee  to  all  foreign  nations 
I  the  same  privileges  of  crude  u^  to  the 
I  British.  Thiii  wiU  render  unnecessary 
l^ilJ  negociations  between  the  Chinese 
>eror  and  the  other  Powers.  The 
I  Chinese  Oovernment  is  said  to  be  sincere 
its  determination  to  abide  by  the 
rtMaty^  wfaicfa  ia  looked  upon  in  the  East 
l9»  the  mo«t  Eignst  triumph  of  the  British 
I  ^Miipotentiary  ;  for  it  renders  nugarory 
'  iJl  the  attempts  of  the  French  and  Ame- 
rican diplomatic  missions  lately  sent  with 
much  pomp  to  the  Chloe^e  coa«t. 


NEW  ZEALAHH, 

A  woeful  tragedy  has  been  performed 
in  New  Zealand,  The  district  of  Wai* 
rau  is  on  the  river  of  that  name^  near 
Cloudy  Bay,  about  seventy  miles  from 
the  Nelson  settlement.  It  ia  comprised 
in  the  lands  granted  by  Government  to  the 
New  Zealand  Company;  and  on  the  25th 
April,  Messrs.  Cotterell,  Parkin  son ,  and 
BarnicoQt«  surveyors,  landed  with  forty 
men,  to  make  a  survey  of  the  district  for 
the  Company.  In  the  mean  time,  Rau. 
parnbn  and  Ilangiaiata,  two  of  the  most 
powerful  chiefs  of  the  Middle  Island, 
were  at  Porirua<,  on  the  other  side  of 
Cook's  Strait  {  where  Mr.  Spain,  the 
Government  Land-ctaims  Commission- 
erS|  then  held  his  court.  They  urged 
him  to  hasten  to  Wairau,  and  made 
known  their  determination  to  prevent  the 
survey  from  proceeding.  Mr.  Spain  un. 
dertook  to  meet  them  there  as  soon  as 
possible  after  the  adjournment  of  his 
court  on  the  1 9th  June.  The  two  chiefs 
arrived  in  Cloudy  Bay  on  the  I  at  June  j 
Yisited  some  Englishmen^  who  had  been 
settled  in  the  buy  for  years,  and  de- 
clared their  determination  to  burn  down 
the  surveyors*  houses,  and  drive  them  off 
the  land.  They  did  bum  Mr.  Cottereirs 
hut,  having  first  removed  all  the  property 
in  it,  to  prevent  needless  destruction  ; 
and,  coltectirig  the  turvey-party  together, 
forced  them  by  menaces  to  remove  to 
the  mouth  of  the  riven  Mr.  Tucket t| 
the  chief  surveyor,  who  had  now  arhvedj 
sent  Mr.  CotCerell  to  Nelson  for  assist* 
ance.  He  gut  there  on  the  l:£tli  June,  and 
laid  an  information  before  Mr.  Thomp. 
son,  the  police  m[i(fi«^trate,  who  issued  a 
warretnt  against  Rnuparaha  and  HimgiaiutB 
for  burning  the  hut,  and  determined  to 
attend  the  eirecution  himself, accompanied 
by  an  armed  force  ;  expressing  his  opi- 
nion that  such  a  demonstration  Avould 
prevent  bloodshed,  and  impress  the  na. 
tives  with  the  authority  of  the  law.  He 
was  accompanied  by  Captain  Wakefield, 
H.N.,  the  Company's  agent  at  Nelson  ; 
Captain  England,  late  of  the  Twelfth 
Regiment  ot  Foot ;  Mr,  Howard,  the 
Company's  storekeeper  j  Mr,  Rtchard- 
»on^  the  Crown  prosecutor ;  some  other 
gentlemen  ;  John  Brooke,  an  interpreter  j 
ifour  constables,  and  twelve  men.  They 
sailed  in  the  Government  brig  Victoria. 
On  their  way,  they  took  up  Mr.  Tuckctt 


190 


Foreign  News. 


[Feb. 


and  some  ten  men,  who  were  returning  in 
a  large  boat  to  Nelson.  They  landed  on 
the  16th  June,  and  went  up  the  river. 
On  the  17th  they  found  the  natives  or 
Maories  posted  on  its  left  bank,  eighty  or 
ninety  in  number,  forty  of  whom  were 
armea  with  muskets,  besides  women  and 
children.  They  occupied  about  a  quarter 
of  an  acre  of  cleared  ground,  with  a  dense 
thicket  behind  them.  After  some  parley* 
Mr.  Thompson  attempted  to  execute 
the  warrant  on  Rauparaha.  It  was  pre- 
sented to  the  chiefs  two  or  three  times ; 
and  on  each  occasion  about  sixteen  na- 
tives, who  had  been  sitting,  sprung  upon 
their  feet,  and  levelled  their  muskets  at 
the  Europeans.  Mr.  Thompson  it  ap- 
pears  became  exasperated,  and  the  dis- 
cussion  violent.  He  called  to  the  armed 
party  to  fix  bavonets  and  advance  ;  Cap- 
tain Wakefield,  placing  the  canoe  across 
the  stream  for  a  bridge,  gave  the  word, 
'<  Englishmen,  forward.''  A  few  of  them 
bad  entered  the  canoe,  when  a  shot  was 
fired,  it  is  not  certain  on  which  side,  there 
is  reason  to  think  on  the  side  of  the  Eu- 
ropeans. Upon  this  the  firing  immediate- 
ly became  general  on  both  sides,  and  se- 
veral fell.  Captain  Wakefield  now  or- 
dered the  British  to  retreat  up  the  hill, 
and  form  on  the  brow.  Tne  greater 
number,  however,  did  not  halt  at  all,  but 
fled  round  the  hill,  attempting  to  escape. 
Oiptain  Wakefield,  after  several  vain  at- 
tempts  to  rally  the  men,  ordered  those 
who  remained  to  lay  down  their  arms  and 
surrender.  One  or  two  Maories  then 
also  threw  down  their  arms,  and  advanced 
with  their  arms  stretched  out  in  token  of 
reconciliation  ;  but  Rangiaiata,  who  had 
just  discovered  that  his  wife  had  been  shot 
by  a  chance  ball,  came  up,  crying, "  Rau- 
paraha,  remember  your  daughter."  Rau- 
paraha  sat  down,  and  Rangiaiata,  with 
his  own  hand,  put  to  death  the  whole  of 
the  prisoners.  Nineteen  persons  were 
killed  on  the  British  side.  Of  the  na- 
tives,  four  were  killed,  and  five  wounded. 
They  afterwards  permitted  Mr.  Iron- 
side,  the  Wesleyan  Missionary,  to  inter 
the  bodies  on  the  ground  where  they  fell. 

INDIA. 

Dost  Mahomed  has  been  shot  dead  at 
Cabool  by  order  of  the  Prince  of  Be- 
lievers, the  EJian  of  Bokhara.  It  is  stated 
that  the  Khan  sent  several  papers  with 
bis  own  seal  to  Cabool,  stating  that  who- 
ever should  kill  the  Dost  would  go  to 
heaven.  This  event  will  probably  lead 
to  a  suspension  of  any  efibrt  on  the  part 
of  the  Affghans  to  occupy  Peshawur ;  but 
the  event  will  probably  be,  that  Cabool 
itself  will  fall  a  prey  to  Bokhara. 

The  whole  Lusbkur,  since  the  2Gih, 


has  been  in  a  state  of  riot,  the  Maharaja 
having  again  revolted,  and  the  troops  of 
the  Grand  Jinsee  having  joined. 

The  Marwar  succession  has  been  set- 
tled in  favour  of  Ahroednuggur.  Tukhl 
Singh  has  been  unanimously  elected  King 
of  Marwar,  and  his  son  accompanies  bim 
as  Prince  Royal. 

MEXICO. 

Santa  Anna  is  re-elected  President  for 
a  term  of  five  yean.  Advances  have 
been  made  by  the  Mexican  Government 
to  the  Brirish  Minister  at  Mexico,  for 
the  purpose  of  settling  the  dififerences 
with  England.  The  Bridsh  Minister, 
however,  declined  to  enter  into  any  cor- 
respondence  or  treaty  whatever  with  the 
Mexican  Government  until  he  had  re- 
ceived instructions  from  home.  The 
Mexicans  have  been  engaged  for  some 
time  in  putting  all  their  fortifications 
into  a  state  of  repair,  in  the  expectation 
that  the  British  Admiral,  Sir  Charlc» 
Adam,  would  arrive  and  attack  them. 

.     UNITED  STATES. 

From  President  Tyler*i  Message  to 
Congress,  it  appears  that  n^tiations  have 
been  going  on  in  London  for  the  settle- 
ment of  the  Oregon  question,  but  hither- 
to without  effect.  The  President  re- 
commends Congress  to  establish  military 
posts  on  the  line  traversed  by  emigrants 
Tnow  moving  in  that  direction  in  coosi- 
dereble  numbers),  to  extend  the  United 
States'  laws  over  them,  and  to  oige  the 
claim  of  the  Republic  to  the  whole 
country  on  the  Pacific,  and  to  the  54  d^. 
40  min.  north  latitude.  The  disrated 
cases  of  detention  of  American  vesaeb  by 
British  cruisers  are  said  to  be  in  a  fior 
way  of  adjustment.  With  all  the  other 
European  States  the  relations  of  the  Re- 
public are  unchanged.  A  commercial 
treaty  with  the  German  Union,  consist- 
ing of  t wen  t;^- two  millions  of  people,  is 
stated  to  be  in  progress.  It  appears  that 
Mexico  threatens  war  if  Congress  attempt 
to  annex  Texas  to  the  Union.  The 
President  counsels  Congress  not  to  be 
terrified  by  the  threat  Having  sketched 
the  eight  years'  unsuccessftd  war  waged 
by  Mexico  against  the  Tcxans,  he  arrives 
at  the  conclusion  that  it  is  the  duty  as 
well  as  interest  of  the  United  States  to 
put  an  end  to  the  useless  struggle.  The 
financial  condition  of  the  Unionis  stated 
to  be  materially  improved.  The  President 
regards  the  pubhc  lands  as  the  basis 
of  public  credit.  The  surest  mode  of 
supporting  the  honour  of  the  Union, 
he  observes,  is  to  preserve  the  credit 
of  the  general  Government  untarnished 
— an  intelligible  hint  to  the  repudiating 
states.  ^ 


I 


THE    XANTHIAN    EXPTSDITtON". 

Accounts  have  arrived  from  tbe  valley  of 
th«:  Xnnthus.  Theexcavatorscomracuccd 
operatioos  nbout  tlie  %h  November,  and 
their  first  efforts  were  crowued  with  suc- 
cess, inasmucli  u  they  found  tbe  trunk 
and  other  remaios  of  the  Une  female 
statue ,  the  head  and  legs  of  which  nre  al- 
ready deposited  in  the  British  Museum. 
On  tbe  loth  an  cutire  magniticent  marble 
tioQ  was  brought  to  light,  wanting  only 
tht  lower  jaw ;  a  mortar,  and  a  set  of 
gcalej(.  Messrs,  HawLina  and  Scbarf  hare 
oceupied  ail  their  time  in  sketcbing.  The 
Hubfleqoent  operations  have  been  confined 
to  the  discovery  of  mere  broken  frjigmeuts, 
if  we  except  the  Cbima;ra  tomb^  which 
weighs  no  less  tban  12  tonst  and  can  only 
he  removed  by  being  sawn  into  four  pieces, 
an  operation  for  which  a  month  will  scarcely 
suffiee,  Tbe  sculptured  parts  represent  a 
man  driving  a  horse  chariot,  and  in  tbe 
centre  is  the  fabulouH  monster  of  Lyclai 
with  three  heads — that  of  a  lion  at  one 
end  j  of  a  dragon  at  the  other,  and  of  & 
goat  growing  out  of  the  back— the  very 


monster  said  to  have  been  destroyed  by 
Bellerophon,  the  son  of  the  King  of 
Epbyra ;  a  discovery  worth,  in  the  opi- 
nion of  Mr,  Fellows,  the  whole  of  the 
cost  of  the  expedition,  setting,  as  it  does 
for  ever»  at  rest  a  question  mooted  very 
many  centuries  ago,  and  confirming  the 
correctness  of  Homer,  On  the  top  there 
are  four  square  pichcs,  within  which  there 
no  doubt  stood,  in  former  timers,  as  many 
statues,  which  may  yet  be  brought  to  light 
Seven  cases  of  the  best  of  the  fragments 
discovered  have  been  already  removed  to 
the  lower  atetion,  to  be  ready  for  shipment 
against  the  time  the  Medea  appears  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Xantbus  for  that  purpose, 
which  ahe  would  do  immediately  after 
Christmas  ;  from  thence  she  will  return  to 
Macri,  to  meet  the  Bonverie  (hired  trans- 
port) from  Malts,  and  perhaps  not  weigh 
anchor  again  before  tbe  end  of  March, 
when  she  will  once  more  proceed  to  the 
XanthuB,  receive  on  board  the  expedition, 
with  the  rest  of  the  marbles,  and  convey 
the  whole  to  Malta. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


7%f  Rerertuf, — In  the  returns  for  the 
Quarter  ending  Jan.  5,  1814,  there  is  an 
increase  in  the  Customs  of  552,670^, 
Excise,  8763/ ,  Property- Tajf,  197,203/  , 
and  Post-office,  2*30f)/.,  and  a  decrease  in 
the  Stamps,  of  38. KH/.,  Taxes,  17,306/., 
Crown  Land^  ll>,WOL,  tmd  Miitcella- 
neons,  9620/. — the  result  being  an  in- 
crease on  the  levcnue  of  the  quarter  of 
T2a,G70/,  —  the  respective  n^gregate 
amounts  being  in  Jan.  I&^t3,  11,4>4G,107/,, 
while  in  Jon.  1841,  it  is  12.211.777/,— 
The  increase  on  the  year  is  5,742,078/. — . 
the  total  amount  of  the  yearly  revenue, 
in  Jan.  1843,  baying  been  4 1-, 329,865/., 
while  in  Jan.  181-1,  it  h  ^0,(77 1 ,943/. 
This  great  increase  bas  been  occasioned 
by  the  Income > tax  assessments. 

Jan,  6.  Tbe  purcbase  of  Hawstead 
Lodge,  neBr  Bury  St.  Edmund's,  was 
completed   by  xSir  Thomas    CuUum,    of 

.Bard wick  Houbc,  Biirt.  it  being  jnst  n 
_entury  that  very  day  since    the  estate 

^{wssed  out  of  the  hands  of  Sir  TbomB$;*s 
Ancestors.  It  would  be  curious  to  com- 
pare the  price  at  which  it  was  sold  in  1744 

'irith  that  for  which  it  was  purehnsed  in 
i&tl..  numely,  U>,6j0/. 

The  vust  farm  (about  2.700  acres)  at 
Withcali,  near  Louth,  for  nmny  years  in 
the  occupation  of  the  "Dawson  ''  family, 
«nd  the  property  of  Lord  Willoughby 
l>*Erei^bv,  bus  been  sold  to  Mr,  Tom  line 
for  CiJ,00O/. 


The  htmtd  of  LetPts. ^Mr.  James  Ma- 
theson,  M,F.  has  purchased  from  tlie  fa- 
mily of  Scaforth  the  princely  property  of 
tbe  Lewis,  one  of  tbe  largest  iditnds  in 
tbe  Hebrides,  with  a  population  of  about 
15JKK),  and  included  in  the  county  of 
Ross.  Tbe  pyrcbase  money  was  190,000/, 
Mr.  Matheson  intends,  it  is  understood, 
to  devote  a  fnrtber  sum  of  W,000/.  or 
50,000/.  towards  the  establisbing  a  re^- 
lar  steiim  communication  with  the  ieiland, 
forming  roads,  and  othenvise  improving 
bis  extensive  territory, 

Scotch  StttltTM  in  England ^  and  Eng- 
Ihk  in  Scotland. — Tbe  En^lisb  residing  in 
Scotland  are  in  more  striking  quantity,  in 
proportion  to  the  ScottiBb  population,  than 
are  tbe  Scotch  residing  in  England.  For 
our  small  popidation  ot  2,620*184,  to  con- 
tain 37,700  persons  of  English  birth,  is 
very  remarkable.  It  could  not  have  been 
believed  uj»on  any  but  statistical  evidence, 
that  filteen  per  (bousgnd  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Scotl«nd  are  English  ;  while  only 
six  per  thousand  of  the  population  of 
England  are  from  Scotland — a  difTerence 
as  live  h  to  two.  There  is  actually  a 
sixteenth  of  tbe  whole  population  of 
Scotland  of  Knglieh  or  Irish  birth.  This 
shews  that  Scotland,  while  sending  off 
adventurer"*  to  every  other  piirt  of  the 
world,  receives  also  a  number  of  adven- 
turers from  tbe  two  other  kingdoms.  Of 
tbe  English  in  Seothmd,  nearly  one-fourth 


192 


DorneMe  Oeeurrenees. 


[Feb. 


•re  in  Edinbarghsbire  j  and  somewbatless 
tban  anotber  fourth  are  in  Lanarksbire. 
We  trust  tbat  none  of  tbese  results  can 
be  tbe  subject  of  invidious  or  jealous  feel- 
ing in  any  quarter.  Tbe  Irisb  are  ac- 
knowledged to  be  a  useful,  thougb  occa- 
•ionaUy  unruly,  set  of  people  amongst  us. 
Tbe  Scotch  in  England  are,  we  believe, 
ffenerally  appreciated  for  their  steady  con- 
duct  in  ffairs  which  require  thought  and 
powers  of  management.  We  only  speak 
a  general  sentiment  when  we  remark,  tbat 
tbe  English  settlers  in  our  northern  re- 
gion are  generally  held  in  esteem.  They 
are,  for  the  most  part,  tradesmen  en- 
caged in  lines  of  business  hitherto  little 
Known  in  Scotland ;  a  considerable  class 
are  teachers  ;  there  is  also  a  large  number 
of  working  men  of  superior  skill.  Any 
one  who  casts  his  eye  along  one  of  tbe 
principal  streets  of  the  New  Town  of 
Bdinburgh,  will  remark  the  surprising 
number  of  shops  occupied  by  persons  with 
English  names.  As  far  as  we  are  aware, 
tbese  intrusions  amongst  us  are  regarded 
with  anything  but  a  hostile  feeling. — 
Chambers*  Journal, 

King  William^t  College,  Isle  of  Man, 
was  wholly  destroyed  by  fire  on  the 
morning  of  Sunday,  Jan.  li.  The  fire 
broke  out  in  the  western  wing,  either  in 
tbe  class-rooms  of  tbe  English  depart- 
ment, or  in  the  boys'  dining-room  im- 
mediately below.  Shortly  after  two 
o'clock  tbe  first  akrm  was  given ;  but 
for  many  hours  after  this  there  was  no 
fire-engine,  ladder,  or  supply  of  water  that 
oould  be  used  with  any  effect ;  and  tbe 
flames,  having  thus  unchecked  progress, 
npidlyspread  through  the  corridors  and  tbe 
entire  of  the  vast  building,  including  tbe 
elasa-rooms,  the  dwelling-house  of  tbe 
Rev.  R.  Dixon,  the  Principal,  tbe  beauti- 
ful chapel,  and  tbe  great  tower,  which, 
with  the  exception  of  the  apartments  of 
tbe  Rev.  Mr.  Gumming,  the  Vice- 
Principal,  situated  in  tbe  eastern  wing, 
were  totallv  destroyed.  The  first  alarm 
was  given  by  two  boys  who  were  sick  of 
tbe  measles,  separated  from  tbe  other 
boys,  and  sleeping  immediately  over  the 
English  cUss-rooms.  They,  having  ex- 
parienced  a  strong  smell  of  fire,  gave  the 
■lann  to  tbe  Principal  and  Vice- Principal, 
who,  with  their  families,  servants,  and 
ibout  GO  bovs  boarding  at  tbe  College, 
aroused  from  their  slumbers,  and 
_md  with  some  difficulty.  His  Ex- 
cellency the  Lieutenant-Governor,  and 
nearly  all  tbe  respectable  inhabitants  of 
Castletown  and  the  neighbourhood,  were 
abortlv  on  the  spot ;  with  a  company  of 
tbe  6th  Foot,  sUtioned  at  Castletown. 
But  no  engines  were  at  band ;  and,  in 
addition,  a  want  of  laddera,  whereby 
10 


an  entrance  might  bare  been  effected 
into  the  upper  stories,  without  traversing 
the  corridors  of  the  building,  was  severely 
felt,  and  much  valuable  property  was 
consequently  lost,  that  otherwise  might 
have  been  saved.  The  ^eater  part  of  tbe 
private  library  of  the  Principal,  a  portion 
of  the  wines,  and  some  articles  of  furni- 
ture in  the  front  rooms,  were  saved bvsreat 
exertions;  but  the  very  valuable  library 
of  the  college,  including  a  collection  of 
Bibles,  from  tbe  time  of  Coverdale, 
in  upwards  of  50  different  languages, 
many  unique  MSS.  relating  to  Manx 
eclesiastical  affairs,  and  tbe  military  mo- 
dels and  phins,  maps,  and  instruments, 
belonging  to  Mr.  Browne,  the  Professor 
of  English  and  Modem  Literature,  were 
completely  destroyed.  The  building  was 
insured  in  the  Sun-office  for  8000/.  and 
Mr.  Dixon*s  property  for  2000/. ;  but 
the  loss  to  the  building  alone  cannot  be 
under  4000/.  Mr.  Gumming,  it  appears, 
was  uninsured.  King  William's  College 
was  a  modem  erection.  The  first  stone 
was  laid  by  the  late  Lieutenant- Oovemor 
Smelt,  on  the  23d  of  April,  1830,  and  it 
was  opened  in  the  summer  of  1838. 
The  building  was  partly  in  the  early- 
English  and  partly  in  the  Elizabethan 
style,  forming  a  spacious  and  cradform 
structure,  210  feet  in  length  from  eaat  to 
west,  and  185  feet  from  north  to  aouth  ; 
from  the  intersection  rises  the  embattled 
tower,  115  feet  high,  strengthened  with 
buttresses,  and  surmounted  by  an  oc- 
tagonal turret,  intended  for  an  observatory, 
having  in  each  of  its  sides  a  loftv  window, 
and  crowned  with  a  parapet.  Tbe  edifice 
cost  about  6000/.  of  which  2000/.  was 
from  the  accumulated  fund  from  property 
granted  by  Bishop  Barrow,  in  1666,  for 
the  education  of  young  men  for  tbe 
ministry  in  the  Manx  Church.  From 
subscriptions  raised  chiefly  in  the  ishind, 
2000/.  WHS  obtained,  and  the  remaining 
2000/.  was  supplied  by  mortgaging  the 
funds.  Tbe  onginal  draught  of  tbe  de- 
sign was  furnished  by  Messrs.  Hanson 
and  Welsh,  architects;  but  tbe  execution 
of  the  works,  including  alterations  and 
additions,  and  the  design  for  tbe  great 
tower,  were  under  tbe  direction  of  Mr. 
Welsh.  Tbe  contractor  was  the  late  Mr. 
Fiusimmons,  who,  it  is  said,  lost  1500/. 
by  the  contract.  The  property  is  vested 
in  the  bands  of  trustees,  who  are  tbe 
Lieutenant-Governor,  the  Lord  Bishop, 
the  Clerk  of  the  Rolls,  the  Archdeacon, 
Deemster  Christian,  tbe  Vicar  General, 
and  tbe  Attorney  General.  Tbe  present 
number  of  boarders  was,  with  the  Principal 
37,  with  the  Vice  Principal  11,  and  tbe 
entire  number  attending  tbe  seminary, 
besides  day  pupils,  1 10. 


193 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Gazette  Phoxiotjohs. 

i>«,  29.  l5t  Foot,  Major  G.  Bell,  to  be  Lieut.- 
Colonel— loth  Foot,  Capt.  T,  H.  Franks,  to  he 
Mflj or.— Brevet,  to  be  Wijors  io  the  Array: 
Ctpl.  T,  Aubiii,  of  the  1st  Foot  j  Cftpt,  R-  Wil- 
H*ms,  of  the  3ad  Foot.— Cecil  Chiindleas*  of 
Thn.  colt.  Camb.  eldest  son  ofTliornaA  Chamt- 
lesft,  esq.  barrister,  by  Carol ii»e  his  late  Viife, 
youQ^eat  dati.  of  Sir  Wm.  Loiii^,  of  Kenipidon 
Bory,  CO.  Bedf.  Knt,  ileceaiied,  to  tAke  tlie 
name  of  Ijnni^  only,  in  compliance  with  the 
will  of  his  inatenmf  ffrxntlfather, 

Dtc.  30.  Charles  Kdwani  Murray,  esq*  to  be 
one  of  Her  Majesty  ^s  Hon.  Corps  oi  Gentleroeti 
at  Arms. 

JfiH.  I,  niomas  Lcanian  liuiit,  a  minor  of 
the  afe  of  twenty  years,  second  son  of  Richard 
Hunt*  of  Patittiton,  lo-  Devon,  esn.  by  Mary- 
Ann,  siiter  and  cwhcir  of  Tlioma»  L^amanj  of 
Tiverton^  eaq.  to  lake  the  name  of  Leaman 
liter  Hnnt. 

Jan.  5.  1st  Foot,  Gen.  the  Riffht  Hon.  Sir  G. 
Murray,  G.C.B.  from  43d  Foot,  to  be  C<iloncl. 

Ja*t,  9.  air  James  Hawkins  Wljitshed,  Bart. 
GX.B.  Admiral  of  the  Red,  to  be  Admiral  of 
the  Fleet.— William  Fl&hbourne,  esq.  to  be  Ma^ 
riatrate  for  Her  Majesty  S  ^ttlerncuta  in  the 
Falkland  IslnncN. 

JtiiK  It.  1st  lyraroon  Goarda^  Lt.-CoL  H. 
A.  Hankt-y.  to  be  Lieut.-Colond.— 7th  Foot^ 
brevet  Major  RiclianI  Wdbraliam  to  be  Major. 
— «3d  Foot,  Lieat.'Gen.  Sir  Jiahn  MacdoTnald, 
KX.B.  to  be  Colonel.— e7th  Foot,  Ll.-Gen. 
John  Clitherow  to  be  Colonel.— Wth  Foot,  Lt*- 
Gen.  Sir  Maurice  t:,  u'C-rmnell  to  be  C<iiloneL 
— 8lst  Foot,  Major-Gen.  Sir  Geo.  H.  F.  Berke- 
ley to  be  Colonel.— Brevet,  Lieut,  CjjL  JoUei 
Gcori<[c  Bonner,  E.  L  Co/s  service,  to  be  Colo- 
nel in  the  army  in  the  Ea^t  Indies. 

Jan.  70.  Robert  M on tL^omery  Martin,  esq. 
to  be  Treasurer  for  the  Colony  of  Hong-  Kong. 

J9H,  «»  Robert  Murray  Rumsey,  esq.  to 
be  Cotoniai  Secretary  and  Ke^strar  for  St, 
Christopher's. 

JHH,  2G.  50th  Foot,  Lieut. -0 en.  Sir  John 
(jftrdiner,  K.C.B.  to  be  Colonel.- 61>t  Foot, 
Malor-Oen.  Sir  Jeremiah  iHckson,  K.C  B.  to 
be  Colooel  Ceylon  Rifles.— Ceylon  Rifles,  Mjyor 
SajQl.  Braybrooke  to  be  Lieut.Colonel  ;  brevet 
U^or  G.  A.  Tranchell  to  be  Major.— Brevet, 
Capt  ThoB.  Hamilton,  63d  Foot,  to  beMdor  iJi 
the  Army;  Capt.  John  Peter  Ripley*  l»t  Karo- 
pcan  Re^.  or  Beng;al  Lirht  Iiifantryi  to  be 
Major  in  the  Army  in  the  East  Indies* 


R«v.  C.  H.  Fooker,  Tbeydon  Giimon  R.  Ssiex, 

Rev.  S-  W.  Gardener,  Trostrey  P.C.  Mown, 

R*v.  W.  Gillbee,  Gwennap  V,  Cornwall. 

Rev.  J.  Hannny,  Avhlcv  R.  Hants, 

Rev.  E.  Ham-      ''  nt  P.C.  Carmarthen. 

Rev.  M.  Hilt  re. 

Rev.  R.  W.   li  -Low-onthe-Wold  R. 

GlouceHter^tiii'' 
Rev,  J.  Hodgkinson,  Strensall  with  Haxby  V, 

York. 
Rev.  J.  James,  Pinhm*  V»  Devon. 
Rov.  G.  Kniifht,  jun.  Huugerton  andTwyford 

V,  Leic. 
Rev.  E.  Lane,  St.  Mary*3  R*  Manchester. 
Rev.  G.  Mav,  Liddinjjton  R.  Wilts- 
Rev.  H.  Mackenzie,  St.  Nicholiw  P.C.  Grctt 

Yarmouth. 
Rev.  G.  F.  Master,  Stratton  R.  Glouc. 
Rev.  T,  W.  MeTler,  Woodbritl^e  P.C.  SafTolk, 
Rev.  J.  McmUiani,  Clopton  R  Be<is. 
Rev.  G.  W.  Menteath,  Ranceby  V.  Line. 
Rev.  W.  Molleneux,  St.  Luke's  P.C.  Liver- 

pooL 
Rev.  C.  vv.  Page,  Chriatclmrch  P.C.  Broidw»yi 

Westminster, 
Rev.  B.  Perrinic,  FersfieW  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  J.  Ree«J,  West  Allen  PC.  Northumb. 
Rev.  T.   Rowlandson,  Wbittlc-Ie- woods  P.C. 

Lane. 
Rev,  T.  Sandon,  Barlings  P.C.  Line. 
Rev.  E.  L.  Saver,  PuUoxhill  V.  Beds. 
Rev.  J.  B.  Shipper,  Royston  V.  Herts. 
Rer.  J.  A.  Smitn,  Sliotley  R  Suffolk. 
Rev.  J,  Spurrell,  West  Beikham  P.C.  Norf. 
Rev.  J.  G.  Vance,  St.  Michaers  PC.  Man- 

che^iter. 
Rev.  O.  E.  Vidal,  Arlinfrton  P.C.  Sussex. 
Rev.  G.  D  Wheeler.  Great  Wolfonl  V.  Warw. 
Rev.  J.  Williams,  St.  l>onat'B  V,  Glam. 
Rev.  A.  Wodehouse,  Carletoti-Forehoe  R,  Norf, 
Rev*  J,  C.  Young,  Southwick  R.  Suauex, 

ChA  PLAINS. 

Ber.  J.  S.  Anderson,  to  be  Pre*cher  it  Lio- 

coln'a-taii. 
Rev.  J.  Griifithtf,  to  the  Boml>ay  Preaideiicy, 
Rev.  E.  B.  Hawkshaw,  to  the  Earl  of  Enie. 
Rev.  H.  Humble,  to  Lord  Forbes. 
Rev,  C.  LflitijT*  M-A.  at  Hyderaljad,  Bombay. 
Rev.  R.  B.  Maltby,  at  Sukktir,  Bengal. 
BeT.  R.  Pantio]?,  at  Fanan^,  Bengal. 
Rev,  G.  Stokeu,  M.A.  to  the  British  realdenU 

at  Rouen. 
Ecv.M.  N.  Stone,  to  the  Madraa  Preaidency, 


ECCLRSIASTICAT.    PhEPKRMKNTS. 

Rev.  C.  Di-ury.  Rev.  W.  K.  Evans.  Rev,  W.J. 

Tl^orntoQ,  Kev.  J.  Venn,  and   Rev.  J.  B. 

Webb,  to  be  Hon.  PrebenJaries  in  Hereford 

Cathedra], 
Rev.  J.  W.  BaniCi*.  Kendal  V.  Westraorbind. 
Rev.  Lord  John  tie  la  Poer  Beresford,  Union 

of  BarouBtown,  co.  Carlow. 
Rev.  W  M,  A.  Borton,  TIjorMton-Je-Moors  R. 

i:  an,  Cticldon  R.  Dcvou. 

K  rtcr,  Clcwer  R,  Berk». 

Rev.  \V.  L.  Coghlan,  St.   Mary  de  Lode  V. 
Gloucester, 

Rev,  J.  Daniel,  Eaj*t  Ardsley  P.C.  Yorknh, 

Rev.  D.  Davies,  Ltanannou  R.  Denbigh. 

Rev.  W,  B.  DrynhAffi,  St.  Swithiu  R.  Win- 
chester, 

Rev.  C.  English,  Sydenhtttn  P.C,  Kent. 

Rev.  T.  Evans,  Sandburg t  V.  Glouc. 
GttNT,  Mao*  Vol,  XXi. 


Civil  Preferments. 
Rev,  R.  Barber,  M.A.  to  be  Head  Master  Of 

the  Collcjfiatc  School,  Lambeth. 
W .  H ,  Butt,  esii.  to  be  Hector  of  the  University 

of  Malta. 
J.  Chambers,  esq.  B.A.  to  be  Second  Master  of 

the  Abingdon  School. 
Rev.  C.  M  tJoUins,  M.A.  to  be  Master  of  Chud- 

leiffh  Grammar  School.  Devon. 
Rev.  T.  Dry,  MA.  to  be  Head  Master  of  North 

Walsham  Free  School,  Norfolk, 
Rev.  S,  Kingsford,  B..\.  to  be  Head  Master  of 

Scvenoaks  School. 
Rev.  G.  Lancaster,  to  be  Head  Master  of  Slaid- 

burn  Free  S<'hool,  Yorkshire, 
Rev.  G.  Mould,  M.A.  tobp  Head  Master  of  the 

Grammar  Sch'X>l,  Walsall, 
Major  James  fHiphant  elected  a  Director  of 

the  East  India  Company. 
W,  Poulton,  ewj^  to  be  'Fhird  Master  in  Yar- 

mouib  Grammar  School, 
2  C 


194 


Births, — Marnagti. 


[Feb. 


BIRTHS. 

Nw.  15.    At  Corfti,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Htx- 
Herbert,  Rifle  Brinde,  a  dao. 

De€.  S.    The  wife  of  Dempster  Hemiof ,  eaq. 

Caldecote-haU,  U'arwickah.  a  iod. 8.  At 

¥reedoii,  the  wife  of  WestcoU  Lfttietoo,  cao. 

Mth  rt%.  aaoD. IS.  At  Bradpole,  near  Urid- 

Bort,  the  wife  of  E.  B  Bishop,  esq.  a  son  and 

heir. At  Walmer,  Kent,  Lady  Rosa  Gre- 

▼ille.  twin  aona,  one  of  whom  was  still-born.— 
16.  In  the  Qose,  Exeter,  the  wife  of  the  Rer. 

Chancellor  Martin,  a  son. 17.  At  Eriintonn 

Castle,  the  Countess  of  Krlintonn,  a  dan. 

SI.  At  Frampton-house,  Lincolnsh  the  wife  Oi 

the  Rer.  John  Tnnnard,  a  son  and  heir. 

12.  At  Sassex-fputlens,  Hyde  Park,  the  wife 

of  W.  H.  Swinton,  esq.  a  son. At  Fallapit, 

the  wife  a(  W.  B.  Fortescne,  esq.  a  dau. 

M.  At  Walton   rectory,  Glastonbary,   Lady 

John  Thynne,  a  son. 28.  At  Woolwich,  the 

wife  of  Capt.  R.  B.  Bamaby,  a  dan. 29.  At 

Sholden-lod^,  near  Deal,  the  wife  of  Edward 

Banks,  esq.  a  son. 30.  At  Merton-frore, 

the  wife  of  Alex.  Atberton  Park,  esq.  a  son. 

Lately.    At  Uorsincton,  the  wife  of  John 

Bailward,  esq.  a  M)n  and  heir. At  Chelten- 

lMB»  the  wife  of  Capt.  J.  W.  Re^-nolds,  11th 

Hussars,  a  dan. At  Anckerwycke-house, 

Lady  Charles  Beanclerk.  a  son  and  heir. 

In  Fortman-sq.  the  wife  of  Sir  Alan  E.  Bel- 

lincham.  Bart,  a  dau. At  Uampstead,  the 

wife  of  Capt.  Sir  W.  E.  Parry,  R.N.  of  twin- 
dans. At  St.  Georfe's-terr.  Hyde  Park, 

Mrs.  Geonre  Arfouthnot,  a  son- ^Tne  wife  of 

Henry  White,  esq.  M.P.  a  djui. At  Wood- 
lawn.  Lady  Ashtown,  a  son. At  BeMomey 

Caatle,  Hif  hiands  of  Aberdeenahire,  the  wile 
of  Charles  Wedderbume  Sutton,  esq.  a  dau. 

At  Cheltenham,  the  wife  of  D.  Graham 

Johnatooe,  esq.  a  dau. In  Harlinrton-st. 

L«dr  ManrStq»benson,  a  son. In  Bolton- 

•t.  Piccadilly.  Lady  Sussex  Lennox,  a  dau. 

la  Irelaad*  Viscountess  Guillamore,  a  dan. 

At  Earl's  Croome  Court,  the  Hon.   Mrs. 

Coventry,  a  mn. At  BcUing-hall,  Yorksh. 

the  wife  of  Tb<imas  Paley,  esq.  a  son. ^The 

wife  of  Wm.  Hodi^nt  e«l.  barrister,  of  the 

Weslem  Circuit,  a  dan. At  Bath,  the  wife 

of  Wm.  Snrtees  Kaine,  esq.  a  son. In  Har- 

Icy-at.  the  wife  of  8tr  Denis  Le  Marchant,  Bart. 

*  ton. At  Spike  Island,  the  wife  of  Laeut.. 

CoU  Burton,  R.  M.  a  dan. The  wife  of  Major- 
Oca.  Battine.  C.  B.  a  son. ^At  Twyninr- 

park,  the  wife  of  George  Browne,  esq.  a  dan. 

^At  Boumemonth,  the  wife  of  Capt.  fVm- 

ISf^.JN- »  son. At  Burlton.hall,  Salop, 

the  wife  of  Rob.  Cliambre  Vaurban,  esq.  a  son 
^^f^'k.  ^^  I^l>»ni-hooae,  Rye,  the  wife  of 
Major  Curteis,  a  dau. 8.  At  Ravendale,  Un- 

S??***%*^y*'*  ^  ^«  *ev-  J- 1*-  Parkinson, 

M.A.  of  Oxford,  a  son  and  heir. 15.    In 

Deronsbireter.  Mrs.  Charles  Dickens,  a  son. 

^ZH^}?^^*  **""^*;  .***^  ^'"^  of  Charles 
Orerlle  Pndeaux,  esq.  of  Lincoln's-inn,  a  dau. 
— -ao.  At  Newport,  near  Barnstaple,  the  Hon. 

Mm.  Butler,  a  son. 14.  At  l>Kne  ftu-k, 

Udy  AurusU  Barinr,  a  son. ^15.  At  Sand- 

liDff  Part,  the  wife  of  Wm.  Deedes,  esq.  adau. 

MARRIAGES. 
^"%?'  a  Calcutta,  Francis  Edward  Reade, 
•*>•  S-Sr-  S^l  "?°  *>'  ^^  ^^  John  SSde 
Mq.  of  Holbrooke-house,  Suffolk,  to  Hen>£tta! 

Ocf.  10.  At  WiHesboro,  Kent,  C.  Warton 


field,  to  Ann,  only  dan.  of  the  late  J.  P.  Smith, 
esq.  of  Headinf  ley,  near  l^eds. At  Guern- 
sey, at  the  Ckthohc  Chapel,  and  after  at  St. 
Peter*s  in-tbe-Wood,  Darius  Cofield,  esq.  son 
of  the  late  Capt.  Cofield,  R.N.  of  Blackheath, 
Kent,  to  Cecilia-Jane,  only  dau.  of  the  late 
David  PMle,  esq.  of  Bootham,  York,  and 
grand-daa.  of  the  late  David  Poole,  premier 
aerfcant-at-law,  formerly  of  Bath,  and  Yonga- 
bary,  Herefonlab. 

14.  At  St.  Andrew's,  Holbom,  James  WU- 
liaais,  eaq.  of  Dalston,jrrand8on  of  Sir  James 
Williams,  to  Margaret-Emily,  dan.  of  the  late 
John  Weston,  esq.  aad  niece  of  J.  T.  Cburch, 
esq.  of  Bedford-row. 

14.  At  Haroldston,  St.  Issel's,  Pembroke- 
shire, William  Prue  Jorden,  eaq.  of  Lower 
BelgraTe<st.  Eaton-sq.  to  Amelia-Georgeaana, 
daa.  of  the  late  Alexander  Douglas  M'Kenxie, 
esq.  of  Cadogan-pl.  and  Bursledon.  Hants. 

AST.  I.  At  Lrominatcr,  Thos.  Colerick  Bird, 
esq.  of  Myrtle-hall,  Sfairehampton,  son  of 
Tboa.  Bird.  esq.  of  SsTanna-la-mar,  Jamaica, 
to  Ann,  second  dan.  of  J.  P.  Bradford,  esq.  of 
High-at.  Leominster. 

4.  At  Cawnpore,  James  Sibler,  eso.  S4th 
B^  Nat.  Ini:  third  son  of  Robert  dibley, 
esq.  of  Great  Ormond-st.  to  Margaret,  eldest 
daa.  of  Gen.  Boyd,  Bengal  Army. 

D€€.  9.  At  ChftOB,  Darid  Rosa.  esq.  of  Bla- 
densburgh,  to  the  Hon.  Harriet-Martaret- 
SkeAngton,  dan.  of  the  late  Lord  FerTara,aiid 
niece  or  the  Dowager  Lady  Dnlferin. 

U.  James  PMMes,  esq.  LL.D.  Barriater-at. 
Law,  to  Mary-Anne,  yoongcst  dan.  of  the  late 

J.  Dodson,  esq.  of  Lanoater. At  Taxal, 

John  Upton  Gaskell.  esq.  of  Ingeraiey  Hall, 
Cheshire,  to  Margaret-Ehiabeth,  only  dan.  of 
Samuel  Grimshawe,  esq.  of  Brrwood,  naie  co. 

At  L>-diard  Tregot,  the  Rer.  Hewry  Drvy, 

M.A.  Rector  of  Alderty.  Gkracestcnihlre,  to 
Amelia-Elicabeth.  eldest  daa.  of  the  Rev.  Giles 
Danbnry,  Rector  of  Lydiard  TlvgOK.  lUltB. 

14.  At  St.  John'a,Ffeddiagton,  Edward  Seiie 
Thorold,  esq.  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Edward 
Thorold,  to  Amelia-Jane,  eldest  dan.  of  the 

Ute  Rer  .John  Hinde,  of  Lodkm. AtOving- 

ham,  Northumberland,  the  Rev.  John  f^redenc 
Bim,  Vicar  of  Ovingham,  fifth  son  of  Ckarlea 
WiUiam  Bigge,  esq.  of  linden,  Notthnmber- 
land,  to  Caroline-Mary,  dao.  of  Nathaniel  £01- 
son,  esq.  Commissioner  of  the  District  Goort 
of  Bankruptcy  at  Newcaatle-tqwa-Tyae,  and 

of  Upper  Bedford-pL At  HMvkknrst,  the 

Rer.  Richard  Creaswell.  of  Salcombe  Regis, 
Devon,  to  Frances,  eldeat  dan.  of  the  late 
Robert  Creighton,  esq.  of  the  BeiM;al  Qvil 

8enr. At  Leckhamptoa,  O.  J.  PhU^Smitb, 

esg.  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Bamstcr-at-Law,  to 
Elizabeth -Curtis- Hay  ward,  yonngest  dau.  of 
the  Ute  Rev.  John  Adey  Curtis,  Vicar  of  Bit- 
ton,  Gloucester. At  Weymoott.  the  Rev. 

Francis  Daubenj,  of  .Mepal.  near  Cbatteria,  to 
So^ia,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late  W.  Jonea,  esq. 

of  Woodball,  Norfolk. At  Weaaenhaai.  the 

Rev.  Bernard  Gilpin.  Jun.  of  Parkhurst,  I.  W. 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Robert  Gilpintesq,  of 
Jamaica,  to  Ellen,  eldest  dan.  of  Jas.  KeiuDt, 
esq^- — ^At  Southampton,  William,  second  son 
of  William  Betts.  esq.  of  Southfiflld  Hooae, 
Leicester,  to  Delicia.  eldest  dau.  of  Gcom 

Laishley,  esq.  of  Shirley. ^At  Laveratoci, 

Wilts,  the  Rev.  John  WiiUama,  M.A.  of  Mag. 
dalen  Coll.  Cambridge,  to  Mary-Cove,  yoangeat 
dau.  of  the  late  William  Herbert  Maond,  fliq. 
of  Sussex-pl.  Regent's  Park. 

18.  At  Lameiton,  near  Tavistock,  the  Rev. 
Gflonre  Martin.  M.A.  Rector  of  St-  FamcfM, 
and  Principal  of  the  Diocesan  Tridniitf  School 
for  Masters,  Exeter,  to  Harriet,  eldoif  dan.  of 
the  Rev.  W.  Cowlard,  B.A.  of  Camplehar, 

Tavistock. ^At  St.   Oiles'8-in-the-Fiel% 

Vemon-Montagiie,  youngest  oob  of  Tomon 


J84K] 


Martlagei, 


195 


I 
I 


Homert 

second 

the  Ri^ 
cottiity.—    .^ 
eiq.  of  HolDi 
Geof^c  Marjf' 
Ellen,  eldest  tWi 


Abbott r  esq.  of  Gower-9t.«  Bedfnrd-ftqQRre,  to 
I>rjiii>..i  Mai  lA,  widow  of  L.  G-  Wftldon,  e«q»  of 
th  luple,  And  of  Gre*t  Torringtofif 

;,  iiolstone  (iow»T-  Rttwani  Wood» 
ea<|,   wf  Cv^in»  near    Cnrn  i    Mary- 

Oicberiiie^  eldest  daa.  of  J  -  LucaSi 

of  Stouttiall»  csii, At  ^..  ;_.;*»  Ha- 
nover sq.  the  Ri^nt  Hon.  Lord  iiuuLiovop,  to 
Mrs,  Vaajghtn,  of  Belle  Hatcb  Hoiiii^e,  Uxford- 
»hire.— — -At  Liverpool^  tbcRtiT.G.  F.Thqmjw, 
M-A.,  of  Worceatcr  Coll.  Oxford,  to  Lydia, 
dau.  of  tbe  litte  Rer.  B.  I/)xham.  Hi*ctor  of 
HAbhsll.  fjirii-ftshire.' — -At  iit.  Jolm's,  I^d- 
dlni^ton,  X\w  R*.'v»  (nXJm^  Livinjf?t«>Me  Feiiton, 
Vicar  of  Lilleshrill,  tfnJop,  to  Murv  Aiin<», 
\:,i.,  n..  :,t  I  i.....|;  emi.  of 
nmtnT- 

lU  esq. 

■  hililof 

- 1 1,  ^JI^lc 

,  r.>Mii<>i9>>  Ubtf^etts, 

-  ond  son  of  the  late 

t    Hilton,  to  Sarah- 

_ H,    itfv.  K  H.  Mnb«rly, 

Vicar  of  Great  Kmboroueh,  Sutfotk. 

20.  At  FAlirij^^  Jost!pU  l^rnerson  iKjwsoti, 
estf  ■"  -•  'nhn's  Wood,  and  WeUwck'St.j  to 
%\  >  t)th  daa.  of  Thomas  Hum  Hop- 

f"  Gnmley  Honse*  Little  Ealing. 

—  urec*i,    HanOTer-sq,,    RicliArd^ 

s  •  I  ticliard  Mars  li ,  eHq .  of  Fart  h  i  njf- 

li'  .  r,  to  Mary  Matilda  Siuitti;,  ward 

or  uif  iiu  Hev.  James  Tl»elwaU  Salusbury, 
of  RaniflfBte. 

3L  At  Maidstone.  John  Adamii  Jan.  c»q. 
Barrister-at' [.aw,  eldest  son  of  Mr,  Serjeant 
Adaiti9„  to  Krnily,  third  dau.  of  tbe  late  .'^Ir 

John  Buflianan  kiddell»  bart,  of  Riddoll. 

At  St.  Gcorjre's,  HanovcTwi.  Charles  Frith, 
«q,  of  Osnuburnh-st.  Rej^iTit' spark,  and  of 
the  tuner  Temple,  to  Fanny,  only  dati«  of  the 
Ule  Ca|>t.  G.  n.  Phillips,  Uth  Li^ht  Dra^, 

At  ftt.  Marylrbone.  Jame^  Grier&on*  esq. 

lat^  of  the  Hon.  East  ludia  Company's  Scr- 
Til  r     I  it^tt,  eldest  dnu.  of  Maior-Gen. 

J  I  Iff,  Beuira!  Army< — -At  York, 

J'  ' ,  e%(\.  to  Jaiie^  dau.  uf  tlie  Rev, 

1.  ,  Inconibfut  of  [[af:kne^s,  near 

S  — At  Milton  Abbas,  the  Rev  F. 

%\  I  L  Fellow   of  Caiu»  Colt.  Camb. 

aufl  \u<\i'i  ni  strmtton  St.  Mary,  Norf.,  sou  of 
Co}.  Jrnard.  to  Rhode-Sarah,  sixth  dau.  of  S. 

H.  Jermrd,  c*<j.  of  Milton  Abhaa,  IJoraet. 

At  Pendock«  Worcestershire,  the  Rev.  Edward 
free  Champneya,  to  Mary-FranceSt  younj^est 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  R,  F.  Daviea,  D.D.  Hector  of 

Pendoek. ^At  Tonhridjce  Wells,  the  Rev.  F. 

C  Alfrec»  M.A.  to  Helen,  only  dau.  of  T.  R. 

Alfree,     t^i. At    Rick  man  swortb,    Herta^ 

^^  .  ^i\*  of  CamberwelL  to  Louisa, 

y<  uf  the  late  William  Flower,  esq. 

of  rd -place,  Russell  stjuare. At 

Br  ton.  sou  of  Peter  Mi  tell  p1  I, 

e-*  amberweli,  to  tlien,  dau. 

Of       ^  r,  c-.(.  -f  I>enmark-hill, 

8urrt!>. — At  riidil  I  >  I ''^ John  Mare, 

«iq.  of  Hathertot),  '  Mary,  eldest 

dm.  of  Peter  Holt,  <-  .  r.:trk--rtr.li-ns. 

tt«    At  Ltand>Tnug^f   Diinijitgli  s 
BMch.  eaq.  of  Braadou  Lod^e,  v 
ftfid  Biiawe  House,  StafforJshirr                   y- 
Chitrlotte,  fourth  dau.  of  the  lati*  Juiiu  Ma- 
docks^  estp  of  GlanjTTpmj,  Denbij^hsh. At 

\j[.t\i)iu^)v,  -^i  itT*Tilsh.  Mr.  lliuiaas  Sharp,  of 
Tr  I,  and  one  of  the  Masters 

<>i  li  School,  to  Mary- Anne, 

Bi^  Hev.  Dr.  Vale,  Rector  of 

Loiii^tuu. 

3*.  At  St.  George^a,  Hanover-sq.,  John 
Taicheit  TatcheU,  esn.  of  Stuke-j^ub-Hamdea, 
Somerset,  to  Anoe,  relict  of  Opt.  John  Foniteri 
R*X*  of  Aiuwickf  North  umber  iaad. 


36.  At  Woolwich,  Alexander  Gilleipk,  esq. 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Geory^e  Gillespie,  esq.  of 
Bigf&r  park,  Lanarksh.  to  Marion'tiolmea, 
second  dan.  of  CoL  Paterson,  Royal  Art, 

»7-  At  Caiitcrbory,  Thotnas  Raker,  esq. 
flurffvon.  of  Steeple  Lanirford,  Wiltshire,  to 
Sopnia-Jaoe,  younicest  dau.  of  the  late  Capt, 
T>«innn«.  ^-.itiuov   R  \\^  und  niece  to  the  late 

1  -^ouihey. At  ik»uthamp- 

r  Trower,  esq.  of  the  Inner 

\^.u.y.  ,  -u..  i,,,.>w  of  Exeter  Coll.  Ox/ord, 
youni^il  son  of  Juhn  Trower,  esq.  of  Westoo- 
grove,  Hants,  to  Frances- Mary,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  late  Capt.  Bradley,  HA  — **  <  helten- 
liam«  Cnpt.  Bamuei  Mars  .  H  N.  to 

Fraiicea^kachel,  dau.  ot  .James 

Wiggett,  Rector  of  Crua,..,,,  .V.at,.  ^— At 
Catton,  Hutlauii,  the  Rev.  Edmund  Bellnmn, 
curate  of  Kirstend,  lo  Isabella-Dendy,  fourth 
dau.  of  E  S.  Lon^,  esci.  of  Catton. 

28.  At  St,  Helier*s,  Jerscv,  the  Rev.  Cbarl«a 
Robin  Hon,  to  Annr^Jessy,  ehW't  dau.  of  Henry 
P.  Brtjv'  -  —At  Chipatable,  Somerset, 
the  K*'  .►  tenson  Ed^ell,  of  Brom- 

ham .  ^ \  > n  of  t he  Re v,  Ed w.  Ed^lL 

of  East  hiii,  iivui  Frome,  to  Heifer,  .■luecona 
dAU.  of  the  Uite  John  Cafwl,  esq.  of  8troud. 
—At  St.  Pancras,  Edwin  Fennell,  esq.  of 
Wi  *  '  '  *^urrey,  to  i^)phia-Jaue,  dau.  vi 
V  Williams,  est),  of  Gower-st.  and 

<  .  ,  iamaicft. At  Axmioster,  the 

Ktv,  »iMjiiiii  Bruce,  Rector  of  St.  Nicholas, 
CO.  GliiiJionrrin,  third  »on  of  John  Bruce  Prycc, 
esq.  of  Bufrryn,  same  co.,  to  Mary-EliJiabeth^ 
only  dau,  of  the  Rev,  W,  U.  Couybeare,  Vicar 
of  AxmiiHter. 

Laitty.  At  Lon^hope,  Wm. Cameron  Irving', 
esq.  of  Clirist  lionpital,  to  Maria- Elinabeth, 
young'est  dau.  of  the  bite  Rev.  Wm,  Gwynne, 
Rector  of  Denton  and  St,  Michael's,  Sussex, 

At    St.  Mar»faret'H,    W>5tniin»ler,    Capt. 

John  Wilson,  late  Qf  the  93d  Hiifhiandrrs,  to 
Mary^Jane,  widow  of  Nicholafi  Rice  Ualleiuler, 

esq. At  CA.«4t]epark,  Robert  Kinji:  Piers,  esq, 

only  son  of  Edward  Piers,  esq.  of  Gloucester' 
street,  Dublin,  mnrl  nr-phcw  of  the  late  Sir 
Robert  Kiujf,  >  i  'rvn.co.  Roscommon, 

B4.rL  to  Heni  >•,  youngest  dau.  of 

the  Ri^fht  H.  «  hards.-^Al  Kyton, 

the  Rev,  Wii:  ,  Incumbent  of  Ham- 

bursfh,  to  V\  r   dau.  of  the  Ven, 

Charles  Thor;  >  on  of  Durham  and 

Rector  of  Rytoi^. At  tiiiminf^ham,  theRev. 

Chas.  F.  B.  Wood.  M.A.  PreceniQr  of  Qlou- 
eester  Cathedral,  and  Vicar  of  liarnwood,  to 
Caroline,  younirest  dan.  of  the  late  John  Page, 
esq.  aod  niece  of  the  late  Mrs.  CampWU,  of 

tlie  Spa,  near   Gloucester, At  St.  John'Sj 

Newfoundland,  the  Rev.  Johnstone  Vicars, 
Misaionary  ftom  the  Soctetv  for  the  Propi»- 

gatioa  of  the  Gospel,  secona  son  of  the  Rer. 
[.  Vicars,  Rector  of  Godm.mstone,  Dorset,  to 
Km  ma- Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  B.  G.  Garret,  esq. 

Hijfh  ghenff  of  lh»"  IMand  of  St.  John's. At 

Winterboume  Uassetl,  Wilts,  Fermor  Bonny- 
castle  Gritton,  e^q.  Roysl  .Marines,  grandson 
of  tSie   >  rl,  hrat<  .1    PToft'**or  tkmnycastle,  to 

<  n  of  Capt,  H.  H.  Budd, 
li  rne.— At  St.  Andrew^s, 
li  '  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Harbo- 
rou^li,  to  .Mitji.  leinple,  dau,  of  Edw.  Dalby 
Temple,  esq. 

Jan,  I.  At  St.  Mark's,  Myddleton-sq,  Adam- 
Adrian,  youngest  son  of  the  late  W.O,  Adrian, 
esq.  of  the  Treaj«iiry,  to  Sarah- Dud  ley,  eldest 
dau.  of  W.  Hii^ktiSiMi,   e^.j.  of  M.    Paiicras, 

At  Bowfi-  -  1^ 

Burrow,    oeii  rd 

Flemitnr  ftari  ih., 

second 

Hanovi  1 

Dresdt.'tt,  to  h^^ia^  *'iU>  ii .  .   <  - 

shall  Freare  ;$mltli|  esq.  oi  CjJll 


tan 

Jej^WJmM.  ^Kbeac  ma.   if  «ir  TIibiim  V. 

^r  r 


•FAl 


t  Bcv.  >«te  J^olcrr.  if  Milhii(!innc.  Sumex. 
-dLE  CannrvteR.  ck  Brr  *manf»  KdMtan 


JL    AS  «cnitarC^w^AwL  ^Suf   Br*,  i.  B. 

^tammm  ^duail,  Anvgdia^  and  ttbeac  «in.  if 


tt»itfel 


HfiWiBK  ««^  If  «tnc9irtH<m^      ^. 


Awnu JU  PBsoJkMu  Bi!^.  -tee  K^  J*ti 

VHMr«  BuX  If  «c  mart  ifai!.  'ntf  .rt,  %>  liv 
■feaip  4hl  <f  tfct  iHe  Hear*  Gr>s9.  •ftv*  '>' 

4L  AtCVlrniiMM  Jito.  ]lJ&&OMu<9i^  'jk« 
«f  Maew. »»  Mary,  'tea.  if  Hrar?  Wrc'tc  •»»|^ 

<>■>■■  iij^  Ga«ta  MJrw,  VJ>.  '-y  rnri^-^A. 
tpHiffcw,  Mir^eftsM  W  V.  r,  Cbimiiiii  ■'«*!- 
Itfe  4f  BMifiac, AS  aM».as  5e.  f^  cr*. 

4h.  4r  T.  GoM^^vC  c»L  4f  G<*iTvri*«  Crm. 
MX  Cknm,  Ck^rdk.  A.  UjKjWsnw^  Fnw 

^Oklt-ViIfaMl,    MDMHt  «M   4f  B.   C.    Klfby. 

«a«,«f  Blutfivil.«|,  M  ivte-NTTtna.  .iaa.  4f 
mr  Vmni  Cmtr^imm,  Buu  4f  Milacra^. 
—^11  BL  rii.  rw,  Bafc«9l  Bfld^w.  «q    flf 

gM,  c*i|.  4f  TaviBie<Kii-«v 
C  JU  rvCJMa,  AaMrvtQi  Wal^r,  e%«.  M.D. 

«f  J«te  WaOft.  «a«|.  «f  BbMiautei7-4i4.  a»l 

7.  Al  iSc  J«4uk's  H^rkATT,  t]M  Brr  GMjrn^ 
Ckrwtefdwr  HodrtcMUi^  JLA.  of  Irimtr  Cafl. 
ClIwBki,  fr>  UdMbLfdM.  ^Vlint  4^  «f 
tte  litft  WilbBa  i!{MK«,  ev|.  4f  l'|>7er  Gb». 
ctater-^  UvnetHM, 

a.  At  Ckmt  durch,  tiut  Ber  Wt3BiM 
Gewye  3C9tt,  «lde«(  «do  of  SfjMr-Geft.  !<fr 
WittHi  540,  G.C.B.  iur,  to  A-M^-EXizahietSk' 
Briar,  ««l)r  4m.  4f  Mafigr'^irx  rarrcr. 

jMKofCayt.  Pectta^,  Bntnfc  Vrc-OMkra!  at 

f.  At  Ctraatf.  TVmam  Xfme.  eiq.  M.D, 
t»  Jfanaret,  third  'Imm.  4f  J4«e|A  Coibat;^ 

caq.  «r  the  Oraa^. At  H^^rtr,  Thrjma* 

laaca  Maade.  ewf.  of  Abcaqp4o»-«ir«t,  West- 
■natcr,  ti>  i^mtn  Paiily,  rovarnt  da-i,  of 
the  Ber.  Join  Haapr,  %'mr  of  Ba^or. ^At 


Vjbttic  <^.  4f  rvvKT  BaBRMC 
pL  veasml  *m  -vf  th»  iKe  Mm.  WjlmiC  «|. 
-if  Ltw iaaiim,  %»  san&.  mil  in  u  Abl  jf  v^^ 
y-gftcCfcajina.  d^  4f:^f 
Ar^  MarTA&AocT^Koams 
ttariica^f  JoAa  Bvrsrvtw  <  wi  af  Iftftwiaw^ 
Cab:&ie9C(r.3*DcBb(Ch.«ci::h«n  '^  ^ 
Mia  Vkwv.  D.IK  Tatar  -if 


a«<4f  Lcnurd-9L  i 

It.    At Chairnhaai.  W^am Gvihe. 
Frr^i^Ti,  «Ue«  Ahl  .:f  tte  i 

cheff,  <*|.  of  BwaacapAe. ^A:  St.  Gcarn»s 

BtooMAary.  iMT^UaipA.  liwa^ui  m  «f 
tk«  lie«  Brr.  i-^A  U»«4  Jkwn.  «f  PVo-lb. 
4«c  Dk»bi;^k:9h.  to  C^shmacsJaaa.  t&ant  ,£k. 
af  tk»  Sue  ni2-7  Fraans.  «9i^  4f  fWBaM. 
aKl  St.  Jaan*4-^ At  dc  Atte*^  Bm^ 


Ca«ao  Mcinlje.  cm.  wmtarr  sa  tfe 

East  lalia  C^aap.  to  Ei3»>lai 

the  Stte  Alfred  Hjnkastie.  oia.  af  !!■ 

lliBii,  j«irrgy. At  TkuJcrCharchp 

khoaie,  Bbchari,  eidsK  saa  of  Biihaii  Jca- 
aia^  C9>{.  of  IVvtt>ad-pL  aai  Baifc^  HsCi* 
to  Afae»-CatV«af>- 1  aanheifc  «■!«■  daa.  af 
Tlm^AdaB.  Sir  Edvanl  Hf  m—.  hatf.  CXLBL 
of  CoBharlaBd-ccrr.  aad  TwI  iaiiaa,  r 


Uploa  P|a<L  Saaaei  iJfcHe  frtrkim^,  9%q.  of 
EieCcr,  to  Kaiaka,  *^fMtA  daa.  of   the  fate 

Bdaiaad  UMmtn,  tnq.  of  Iwilake  Howe. 

At  Bt.  JfarrlelMae,  Mr,  YfiDum  PUawr,  of 
GtSf 'a-ina,  to  MaryAaae,  widow  of  f  raa^ota 
Maaaaina,  eaq.  of  Tbayer-at.  Mancheiiter-aq. 

^At  AJ]  Soob'.  Mr,  Edvanl  Chmrtoi^  of 

HoOca-at.  Carewliah^,  to  Kanljr.Waltoa, 
oahr  child  of  Joha  Cochraa,  cao.  of  Harkr- 

fcrd-place,  KcBBiMiton. At   NorthaaqMoa, 

Qiarva  G«iO jai  Tooa^ .  eaq,  of  Xore,  iSmrnj, 
to  Sophy,  aecsoad  daa.  of  the  late  Joacph  Col- 
liafwood,  caq,  of  Covbf ,  iiamiaahire. 
)•.   AtfiatbytheBcT.CharkaBiaffiler.Mft 


I4l    At  CWal>.  sCaBcrdsh.  GfOKsr  1 

eaq.  of  Tnartr  CoO  CamUake.  taCL   . 

naejope.  voaanst  iaa.  of  C^.  rattd.  BJ(. 

of  Hnuiey  HaO.  aear  Chfafle. At  Xarth 

Mxaa,  Hertft,  the  Earl  of  EaaskiBca.  ta  Jaar, 

eldest  daa.  of  Jaaaes  A,  Cksmygr,  ca^ 

At  Exeter.  Fraans  Bidoat  Want,  caa.  iiiaad 
«oa  of  Bkbard  Bridufele  Waid,  ca^  «f  Bkte- 
toC.  to  Etna- WeTe4.1art^.  eUest  daa.  ^  Vau 

Adaai  W^{3i-ynL  ta»\.  of  the  forver  place 

At  Halifax,  JoMfph-Friestley.  r(magrrt  aaa  af 
Hcary  Lees  Edwanls,  es«|.  of  Pjre  Xaat. 
Yort.«h.  to  Manparrt-Jaae,  aeooad  daa.  af  the 
late  Jamn  E.  yorris,  esq.  of  Savin 
AtAacroft  Chnnrh.  aear  Bcrvick^ 
Heary  Grenoa,  esq.  of  Lovbyaer, 
to  Etna,  eldest  daa.  of  Joha  3. 
iieCby,eaq.  of  Cheswitfc. 

17,  At  Miaseadea  Choirh,  the  Bcr.  ^ 
Barfeas,  B  A ,  oaly  soa  of  the  Ber.  Bryaaft 
Barfcas.  Bector  of  !9t.  Benct,  Graccchavch,  t» 
Ebabeth-Sophia,  aecsoad  daa.  of  C^pL  W.  R. 
AraoU  /late  19th  LaaccrsK  of  little  Miia 

dea  Ahbcy,  Bocks. At  lakpea,  Beths*  Jate 

Btaart,  esq.  of  the  Madras  Araiy,  ta  iaai 
third  daa.  mt  Joha  Batkr,  caq.  af 


2L    ITHii  iiiiil    haul  ifTmiiiiih   ifc 
'■-1^^^  till  rf  llfiriir  r TTffa  iwfllB B_ 


to  Joha  BeaaoB,  caq.  9t 


197 


OBITUARY. 


The  CorNTESs  or  Cork  and  Orrert. 

Isabella  Coimteaa  of  Cork  and  Orrery, 
ivbosi}  d<»ath  is  Roticed  in  our  IrsI  Num- 
ber, p.  108,  WBA  the  third  daughter  of 
Willmm  Poyntz,  of  Midgham  Hoyse, 
Berks,  esquire,  by  Elizabeth,  second 
daughter  and  co- heiress  of  Kelland 
Courtenay,  esq.  formerly  M.P.  for  Ho- 
niton.  The  Lountesa  of  Cork,  while 
Mi 58  Isabella  Poyntz,  was  Maid  ot  Ho- 
nour to  her  late  Majesty  Queen  Char- 
lotte, and  mnrried  in  1795  to  her  first 
cousin  M SCO u lit  Dun^rvau,  the  present 
Earl  of  Cork*  Her  only  brothur  W»l- 
liara  S.  Poyntz»  esq,  hte  ALP,  for  Mid- 
burst,  died  in  1840,  smd  his  death  is  re- 
corded ill  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for 
June  in  that  year,  p,  653,  where  some  no- 
tiee«  are  made  of  that  aneient  family. 

The  late  deceased  Countess  \va«^  the 
mother  of  nine  children,  fiix  sons  and  three 
daughters,  of  whom  only  three  i^ons  sur- 
vive; the  Hon.  John  Boyle,  formerly 
M*?,  for  Cork  county  j  Hon.  Robert 
Boyle,  Capt.  Grenadier  Guards  j  and 
Hon,  and  Rev.  Richard  Tovvnshend 
Boyle,  Rector  of  Mar'^tOT>,  Somerset; 
who  attended  the  remains  of  their  affec- 
tionate mo  titer  to  the  family  vault  iu  the 
padab  church  at  Fromc,  Somrrset shire, 
amidst  the  lamentations  of  many  recipi- 
ents of  her  unobtrusive  bounlv. 


Gkkcral  Loud  Lynedoch. 
Dec.  18,  At  hiw  town  residence,  Stnit- 
ton -street,  aged  Ot,  the  Right  Hon. 
Thomas  Graham,  Baron  Lynedoch,  of 
Balgowan,  co*  Perth,  a  General  in  the 
army,  Colonel  of  the  1st  Foot,  Governor 
of  Dumbarton  CafitleiG.C.B.,  K.CM.G., 
K.T.S.  and  K,St,F. 

Ijord  Lvnidoch  wns  the  only  surviving 
child  of  Thomas  Graham,  etq.  of  Biil- 
go  wan,  by  Lndy  Chrisfian  Hope,  sixth 
daughter  of  Charles  first  Ettrl  of  Hope> 
toun.  Until  the  mature  age  of  forty-two 
he  had  remained  a  private  country  gen- 
tleman, cultvvating  the  estate  of  his  an- 
ce^toi!!,  and  indulging  himself  in  eUsstcal 
studies  and  the  enjoyments  of  an  arconi' 
plbhed  leisure. 

His  father  had  died  in  1771;  and  on 

the  26th  Dec.  in   the  same  year  he  mar. 

"<»<^   the   Hon.    Mary    Catbcart,   second 

'  f^f  Charles  ninth  Lord  Cathcjirt 

'''•r  lister  Jane  was  married 

*»   Tohn  fourth  Duke  of 

I7!i2  he  was  de- 

o  wbota  be 


was  most  tenderly  attached.  Their  union 
had  not  been  blessed  by  any  children,  but 
their  mutual  affection  appeared  to  be  too 
strong  to  need  that  additional  bond.  The 
eff'ect  of  this  melancholy  event  proved 
suffici^pnt  almost  to  unsettle  the  mind  of 
Mr.  Grsham,  and  his  case  iidd&  one  to 
the  instances  that  might  be  adduced,  in 
which  domestic  calamities  have  procured 
for  the  state  sprvice»  of  the  highest  order 
in  tfte  field  and  the  cabinet.  It  may  be 
ftiiid  that  this  change  in  his  condition  and 
prospects  imparted  almost  a  romantic 
character  lo  the  tenor  of  bis  life.  His 
grief  was  so  deep  and  kfiting  as  greatly  to 
injure  his  ^healtb^  and  he  was  recom- 
mt-ndt'd  to  travel,  with  a  view  of  allevi- 
ating the  one  and  restoring  the  other  by 
chtinife  of  Rccne  and  variety  of  oliieets. 
At  Gibviiltar  he  fell  into  military  society, 
and  there  he  fir^t  conceived  the  possible 
lity  of  obtaining  some  respite  from  his 
sorrows  by  dcvoiing  himself  to  the  pro- 
fession of  arms. 

Lord  Hami  was  then  about  to  sail  for 
the  South  of  France,  and  Mr,  Graham 
had  recently  been  a  traveller  in  that 
coimtry.  He  therefore  gladly  acceded  ta  ' 
his  proposition  to  accompany  him  as  a 
volunteer,  We  aceordingly  hud  hiin^  in 
1793,  landing  with  the  British  troops  at 
Toulon,  and  serving  as  entra  aide-de- 
camp  to  Lord  IM nigra ve  (father  to  the 
present  Marquess  of  Normanby),  the  ge- 
neral commanding  in  chief,  and  who 
marked  by  his  particular  thanks  the  gallant 
and  able  services  of  the  elderly  gentleman 
who  had  thus  volunteered  to  be  his  aide- 
di'-camp.  The  events  of  that  period  gave 
Mr,  Graham  ample  means  of  indulging 
the  piisijion  which  impelled  him  to  a  mi* 
litury  iife.  Nor  did  he  neglect  any  op- 
poitunity  which  circumstances  presented. 
He  was  alwuys  foremost  in  the  attack, 
and  on  one  occasion,  at  the  bead  of  a  co- 
lumn, when  a  private  soldier  fell,  Mr,  ' 
Gmham  look  up  his  musket  and  supplied 
bis  place  in  the  front  miik, 

On  returning  to  this  country  he  raised  , 
the  first  battalion  of  the  l)Oth  Regimentp , 
of  which  he  \ras  appointed  Colonel  Com- 
mandant on  the  1 0th  Feb,  1794.    Shortly] 
after  he  was  elected  the  representative  in'i 
Parliament  of  the  county  of  Perth,  whicli  J 
honourable  post  he  retained  until  i8iJ7, 
His  regiment  formed  part  of    the  army 
under  tbc  command  of  Lord  IVloira  (af- 
terwTirds    Marquess    of    Haiti rt^s).      It 


iaitirtgs) 
passed  the  summer  of  1705  at  Isle  Dieu. 


198 


Obituabt. — GeHerul  Lord  Lynedoch. 


[Feb. 


whence  it  proceeded  to  Gibraltar.  On 
the  22d  of  July,  1795,  the  rank  of  Colo, 
nel  in  the  army  Mras  conferred  upon  Mr. 
Qraham.  At  Gibraltar  he  endured  for  a 
short  time  the  idleness  inseparable  from 
garrison  duty  in  so  strong  a  place ;  but  a 
continuance  of  such  a  life  proved  intole- 
rable to  such  a  mind  as  his,  and  he, 
therefore,  obtained  permission  to  join 
the  Austrian  army.  His  connection  with 
that  serrice  continued  during  the  summer 
c»f  1796,  taking  the  opportunities  which 
his  position  presented  him  of  sending  to 
the  British  government  intelligence  of  the 
military  operations  and  diplomatic  mea- 
sures adopted  by  the  commanders  and 
sovereigns  of  the  Continent,  it  is  well 
known  that  his  disoatches  at  this  period 
evinced,  in  a  remarirable  degree,  the  mat 
talents  and  characteristic  energy  of  the 
writer.  During  the  investment  of  Mantua 
be  was  shut  up  there  for  some  time  with 
General  Wurmser ;  but,  incapable  of  con- 
tinuing  unemployed,  he  made  his  escape 
txDder  cover  of  night,  but  not  without  en. 
counteringgreat  difficulties  and  imminent 
bnard.  Early  in  17S7  he  returned  to 
England ;   but  in  the  following  autumn 

t'oined  his  regiment  at  Gibraltar,  whence 
le  proceeded  to  the  attack  of  Minorca 
with  Sir  C.  Stuart,  who  bestowed  the 
wannest  eulogiums  on  the  skill  and  va- 
lour displayed  by  Colonel  Graham. 

Not  long  after  this  the  Colonel,  with 
the  local  rank  of  Brip^adier,  besieged  the 
island  of  Malta,  having  under  his  com- 
mand the  dOth  and  8^h  re^ments,  and 
some  corps  embodied  under  his  immediate 
direction.  Brigadier. General  Graham, 
aware  of  the  prodigious  strength  of  the 
place,  resorted  to  a  blockade,  and  the 
French  held  out  till  September,  1800, 
when,  after  a  resistance  of  two  years* 
duration,  the  place  surrendered. 

On  the  completion  of  this  service. 
General  Graham  came  home  for  a  few 
months,  and,  again  anxious  for  active 
service,  proceeded  to  Egvpt,  but  before 
his  arrival  that  country  nad  been  com. 
pletely  conquered.  He  returned  through 
Turkey,  making  some  stay  at  Constanti- 
nople, and  during  the  peace  of  Amiens 
resided  for  a  short  time  at  Paris.  His 
active  and  enterprising  spirit  had  now  to 
endure  a  period  of  repose.  In  1806, 
however,  he  proceeded  with  Sir  John 
Moore  to  Sweden,  where  he  availed  him- 
self  of  that  opportunity  to  traverse  the 
country  in  all  directions.  Shortly  after- 
wards Sir  John  Moore  was  ordered  to 
Spain,  and  General  Graham  served  there 
during  the  whole  campaign  of  1808.  On 
his  return  to  England  he  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  Lieut..  General,  July  25, 
1810,  and  appointed  to  command  a  di- 


vision  in  the  expedition  to  Malta,  but. 
having  been  attacked  with  fever,  he  wiis 
obliged  to  come  home.  In  Feb.  18U, 
Qeii^ril  Graham  took  the  command  of 
an  elpedition  to  attack  the  rear  of  the 
French  army  that  was  then  blockading 
Cadiz,  an  operation  which  led  to  the  me- 
morable battle  of  Barossa.  The  thanks 
of  Parliament  were  voted  to  Lieutenant- 
Generai  Graham  and  the  brave  force 
under  his  command,  and  never  were 
thanks  more  nobly  earned  or  bestowed  in 
a  manner  more  honourable  to  those  who 
offered  and  those  who  received  them. 
He  was  at  that  time  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons,  and  in  bis  pbce  in 
Parliament  he  received  that  mark  of  a 
nation's  gratitude.  Barossa  was  to  Lord 
Lynedoch  what  Alroarez  H'as  to  Lord 
Hill,  and  Albuera  to  Lord  Beresford. 
Eclipsed  and  out-numbered  as  these  vic- 
tories have  been  bv  those  which  the  great 
Duke  achieved,  they  still  were  to  the 
commanders  who  led  our  forces  on  those 
memorable  occasions  the  greatest  events 
of  their  lives,  and  the  sources  of  their 
most  signal  triumphs. 

After  this  series  of  events,  General 
Graham  joined  the  army  under  the  Duke 
of  Wellington ;  but  from  ill.health  was 
obliged  to  revisit  England  for  a  short 
period.  Eariy  in  1813,  however,  he  re- 
tunied  to  the  Peninsula,  and  commanded 
the  lef^  wing  of  the  British  army  at  the 
ever-memorable  battle  of  Vittoria.  Mr. 
Abbot,  then  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Commons,  and  afterwards  Lord  Col- 
chester, in  alluding  to  General  Graham's 
distinguished  career  at  this  period,  stated 
that  his  was  *<  a  name  never  to  be  men- 
tioned  in  our  military  annals  without  the 
strongest  expression  of  respect  and  admi- 
ration,**  and  Mr.  Sheridan,  speaking  of 
the  various  excellences,  personal  and 
professional,  which  adorned  nis  character, 
said, — **  I  have  known  him  in  private 
life ;  and  never  was  there  seated  a  loftier 
spirit  in  a  braver  heart."  AUudins  to 
his  services  in  the  retreat  of  the  Bntisb 
army  to  Corunna — in  which  Sir  John 
Moore,  the  General  in  command,  was 
killed — he  continued,  **  In  the  hour  of 
peril.  Graham  was  their  best  adviser ;  in 
the  hour  of  disaster,  Graham  was  their 
surest  consolation.'' 

Sir  Thomas  Graham  commanded  the 
army  employed  in  the  memorable  siege  of 
the  town  and  citadel  of  St.  Sebastian. 
He  commanded  also  the  left  wing  of  tlM 
British  army  at  the  passage  of  the  Bidas- 
soa ;  but  soon  after,  in  consequence  of 
ill-health,  he  was  obliged  to  resign  his 
command  to  Sir  John  fiope.  In  1814  he 
was  appointed  to  a  command  in  Holland, 
and  on  the  dd  of  May  in  the  same  /Mr 


I 

I 


1844.]  General  Lord  Li/nedocL — Sir  George  Crett^,  BarL 

he  again  received  tbe  tbanks  of  FarLiament, 
and  was  mised  to  the  peerage  ^  vnth  a 
pemion  of  2(XK\L  having  previously  been 
created  a  Knigbi  Grand  CVoss  of  tbc 
Order  of  the  Bath,  and  subsequently  a 
Knight  Grand  Cross  of  the  Order  of  St. 
Michael  and  St.  George.  He  was  like^ 
wiie  a  Knight  of  tbe  Tower  and  Sword  ^ 
in  PortugttL  In  1821  be  received  the  rank 
of  General,  In  1826  he  was  appointed  to 
the  Colonelcy  of  the  14th  Foot ;  and  in 
1834  WHS  removed  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the 
royjils ;  in  IB29  be  was  made  Governor 
of  Do ttibarton  Cattle — a  post  rather  hono- 
rary than  lucralive,  its  salary  being  only 
170/.  per  annum. 

As  years  advanced,  and  the  infirmities 
ofagebepii  to  accumulate,  Lord  Lyne* 
doch  found  the  climate  of  Italy  better 
calculated  to  sustain  his  declining  energies 
than  tbe  atmosphere  and  temperature  of 
hii  own  country ;  he  therefore  spent 
mueb  time  on  the  Continent;  but,  on  a 
recent  occasion,  so  anxious  waa  be  to  mmiu 
f(r$t  bis  tense  of  loyalty  and  bis  personal 
attaebment  to  the  Queen^  that,  when  her 
Majesty  visited  Scotland^  he  came  home 
from  Switzerland  for  tbe  express  purpose 
of  paying  his  duty  to  ber  Majesty  in  tbe 
nietropoha  of  bis  native  land. 

In  politics  Lord  Lynedocfi  was  a 
Whig.  After  representing  tbe  county  of 
Perth  from  1794  to  1^07,  be  was  defeated 
in  two  contested  elections,  in  lijllrand 
1812|  by  James  Drummond,  esq. 

Altbougb  bis  extreme  age  and  en- 
feebled beaitb  had  long  unfitted  bim  for 
taking  an  active  part  in  tbe  turmoil  of 
politics,  he  was  by  no  means  an  uncon. 
cemcd  spectator  of  tbe  conflict  of  prin- 
ciples wnicb  has  been  going  on  during 
the  )aat  vears  of  bis  unusually  protracted 
life;  ina  bU  vote — personal  or  by  proxy 


199 


— has  been  often  found  recorded  in  favour 
of  w bat  are  called  *^  liberal  "  measures. 
Her  Mfljesty'iJi  vi«iit  to  Scotland,  and  ea» 
pecially  to  the  neigbboiirhood  of  hli  seat, 
afforded  the  venerable  peer  much  delight; 
it  seemed  to  rekindle  tbe  aniniation  of 
youth,  and  call  up  tbe  fast-decaying  ener« 
gies  of  the  old  man's  powers.  His  tomb 
will  be  hallowed  by  the  reverential  bo- 
mage  from  his  countrymen  which  his  in- 
tegrity of  principle,  fidelity  of  lengthened 
£ervt€e^  Hnd  pure,  unaffected  worth,  com- 
bine to  claim, 

Tbe  titles  of  this  great  man  are  extinct. 
His  estates  are  inherited  by  a  nephew. 
The  family  from  which  he  is  descended  is 
a  branch  of  that  from  which  tbe  Dukes 
of  Montrose  trace  their  origin. 

Lord  Lynedoch*s  portrait  was  painted 
by  Hoppner  and  by  Sir  Thomas  Law- 
rence, Of  the  former  there  is  a  folio 
engraving  by  Reynolds  ;  and  a  small  one 
in  our  Magazine  for  Jan.  IB  1 9.  Of 
tbe  latter  there  are  several  araall  engrav- 
ings, including  one  by  Meyer  in  Fisher's 
National  Portrait  Gallery.  There  is  a 
picture  of  him  (three-qufuters)  in  Cloth- 
workers'  Hall,*  London* 


Sm  George  Crewe^  Bart. 

Jan.  1.  At  Calkc  Abbey,  co,  Derby, 
a^ed  49,  Sir  George  Harpur  Crewe,  tbe 
eighth  Baronet  of  that  place,  late  M.F. 
for  the  Southern  Division  of  the  county. 

Sir  George  Crewe  was  born  Feb.  I, 
1795|  tbe  eldest  surviving  son  of  Sir 
Henry  Harptir,  seventh  fiaronet  (who 
took  the  name  and  arms  of  Crewe  by 
royal  sign  manual  in  IB08),  and  whom  be 
succeeded  Feb.  7,  1618. 

Sir  George  Crewe  ^va*  educated  at 
Rugby  School,  where  he  attained  nearly 


•  Painted  by  order  of  tbe  Court  of  Assistunts,  7th  Sept.  IBH.  Sir  Thomas 
Graham  was  presented  with  the  freedom  of  the  Clothworkers'  Company  in  the  year 
1813,  upon  which  occasion  the  lol lowing  answer  (hitherto  unpublished)  was  re- 
ceived from  bim,  addressed  to  Samuel  Favell,  esq.  tbe  then  Master. 

RMndert,  3rd  Jan.  1814. 

••  Sir — I  have  just  had  the  honour  of  receiving  your  letter  of  the  27th  uk«  comma. 

fticAting  to  me  that   I  have  been  elected  a  freeman  of  the  worshipful   Company  of 

Clothworkers,  by  an  unanimous  vote  of  the  Court  of  Assistants.     I  request,  Sir,  that 

I  you  will  assure  the  worshipful  Company,  through   tbe  Court  of  Assistants,  that  I 

feel  proud  of  having  been  thought  worthy  of  their  notice. 

**  A  soldier  can  never  receive  any  such  gratifying  reward  as  the  approbation  of  bjs 
countrymen.  I  am,  therefore,  deeply  impressed  with  the  value  of  the  distinction 
conferred  upon  me  by  tbe  Court  of  Assistants  of  the  worshipful  Company  of  Clotb- 
workersp  b^  being  elected  a  member  of  their  fellowship. 

**  Permit  me,  Sir,  to  return  you  my  best  thanks  for  the  handsome  terms  in  wbicii 
you  have  expressed  yourself  concerning  me,  in  tratisroitting  the  vote  of  tliu  Courts 
and  to  assure  you, 

**  Sir,  that  I  remain  with  sincere  regard, 

"  Your  most  obedient  and  moat  bumble  servant, 

**  Thomas  Q&amuu," 


OmrrvAMrj—Sir  Ctmfi  Orme,  B^. 


TFflk 


for  lu  cisncil  ■rraimnftia.  At  t^ 
OB^  ace  of  TwcstT.f our  be  siiert«6e4  at 
tbe  draiMe  of  bif  farber.  tbe  late  Sir 
UovT  C-mrcu  B&TL  to  the  Jarxe  and 
■Bcksit  poBeaboB»  of  tbe  Harpnr  fmnulr, 
IB  tbe  connhes  of  I>eTbr.  StafTord,  aod 
Locerer.  embracn^  a'  rent-nill  ouIt 
eqaalied  is  die  ctninrr  of  Derbr  br  H^ 
Gnoe  tbe  i>uke  of  'DrTouf>b:re.  '  Snr. 
sooBded  SI  tbu  earlr  and  inexpeneoced 
a^e  bj  tbe  snaret  and  tcrcptationf  of  bit 
hi^  ai<d  fiai^o»  ftarkm.  Sir  Gec(;gv  Kt 
a  aoUe  csMmytt  to  raunr  men  of  ntnk 
■fid  fcstuDe,  aod  prorfrd  i£e  fsticxi^  asd 
kAnoioe  of  tboK  Clrustias  prxndp^s  ia 
vbkb  be  bad  bet-xi  trailed  bj  a  pBoas 
jBodter  asd  cnzkdiDOtber.*  Soon  after 
tbe  voTLbj  Baro&et'f  inrrrmnn  to  bis 
jaterval  cstaxei.  be  was  calied  iipoB  to 
£n  tbe  iBportaiit  o&cse  of  Hi^^  Sbcfiff 
fa  tbe  eomtT,  asd  bir  fint  pnbbc  act  was 
oae  v-bkb  s£cnred  tbe  leadiap  priodpla 
cf  bis  cbancter,  wbkb  sbooe  so  bri^btJj 
tbroBgbout  bii  life.  It  bad  bees  tbe 
CBStOBB  inm  tiaae  iomeBonal  to  bold  an 
aasae  baO  on  tbe  rxrun^  of  tbe  jndges* 
gntfauee  into  tbe  tovn.  Sir  Gc«q^,  oo 
las  appoibtmeiit  to  tbe  ofice  of  Hifb 
SbeiC  detcmuned  to  make  a  ftand 
Ibis  'uk  bit  wiWfOtij  onel  asd  im. 
rusumi.  For  tbis  purpose  be 
polaisbed  a  lelttr  in  tbe  county  news. 
pafiers  to  tbe  noftaiitj  asd  gentrr  of  tbe 
eooDtj  Ckling  upon  tbem  to  couenr  vitb 
bim  ID  dcKsg  *v*J  v'^tb  tbe  asnse  ball, 
fStowinp  boar  cruel  asd  bcartless  it  ap. 
pearad  tbbt  anr  penoa  tbould  be  found 
cngapad  la  «oiid!r  nartb  atjd  amnsemest 
€M  so  solemii  as  occasaoo.  vbes  so  Banj 
poor  crearuTM  vt- re  tiemblinf  oo  tbe  ere 
of  tbeir  tiia',  jx^rbap*  for  tbelr  lives. 
Has  appeal  to  tbe  pood  srrtM  and  good 
fodiug  of  Lif  sn^bbooTf  bad  tbe  denred 
cAect;  tbe  asnze  baU  was  rebaqnisbed, 
and  bas  nerer  bees  beard  of  #isre.  From 
tbas  tiaae  Sir  Georpe  rttin^  from  puUic 
bfci,  and  lired  cbieflj  ksovn  in  tbe  do. 
Bestic  relaxkiDf  of  fMiTate  life,  and  oeco- 
psod  wtCb  tbe  iflBproreoae^t  of  bis  esutes, 
and  tbe  rei^oiD^  abd  asoral  welfare  of  bis 
Bsmerxms  depfsdantf,  until  tbe  i;eneral 
eiertion  of  l£fi(5.  vben,  bj  tbe  onaniaBous 
vure  cf  all  rlaftces,  be  ««s  most  lelncC- 
antly  cklled  forJi  from  retirrment  to  go 
tbrvmgL  tbe  ordeal  of  a  coutertcd  elccdoo, 
one  tA  tbe  most  serere  oo  record  in  tbe 
eoutj.  aM!  at  a  time  «iies  party  f^infr 
lagcd'  furk»us!T  tbrongbout  tbe  kingdooB. 
In  tbe  conntT  of  Uenr  tbe  Consenalive 

^  Tbe  late  mncb  respected  CbristiaB 
ladr.  tbe   Lady  Frances  Harpur,  scruod 
daugiter  of  Fimnds  first  Eari  ofWarvick 
and  Brooke. 
11 


of  reeoivrr;  all  i 
Sb  Geoige  Oevr.  and,  nldkoa^  at  tbitt 
tame  in  a  very  weak  stage  of  bnalrti.  be  BPS- 
aented  to  come  los  waid  for  bis  i 
good.  Nosooservasbis] 
as  acas£d«ze  tbastbevrmotti 
pre^-ailed.  Men  of  aD  sbades  of  \ 
and  pol'tinl  party  came  fompd  to  i 
tbeir  ro?e  ^d  inte?m,  partialh- or  vba2^. 
So  Ugb  did  tbe  wortby  fianmct  stni  n 
tbe  ecdmazion  of  all  nsk^  §at  bis  OsEas- 
tian  rirtoes  asd  iinimpfrhabif  monl 
cbararter,  tbat  tbe  rerj  wmmt  of  Sir 
Georre  Crrne  was  like  oil  nftm  the 
troidM  waters  of  party  ssrile,  oo  «Bck 
fo  tbat  oo  tbe  day  of  nominnban  at  the 
comity  ball,  wben  tbere  ««s  aaaeBhiei  a 
most  'ferocioas  mob  yet  aader  the  iidn. 
CBce  of  tbe  Reform  mnia,  vbea  Sv 
Gcosge  caB>e  f oravd  then  was  a  laD  cf 
^e  storm,  and  tbe  vont  speech  that  was 
addressed  to  bim  was  vbea  oae  of  tW 
mob  called  out  good-bnmoaredSy. 
Sir  George,  give  os  a  sermoa.** 

Sir  George  coatiBBed  in 
until  tbe  last  Dimolntioa,  though 
pressed  by  inrreasiBg  bodily  ia' 
and  doririr  bis  Pariiamentaiy  a 
eooarieotioasJy  ictoided    bis  fvtes 

biassed  by  partv ;  so  tbat  it  was  M 

sneeringly'refflaxked.  tbat  Sir  Geonrwaa 
too  consncntaoBS  for  a  meraber  of  Pariia- 
Oo  bis  relinqwduig  the 


doties  of  a  Enti«b  aoiator,  be  ladred  ia. 
to  tbe  bosom  of  bis  familT,  and  •pent  tW 
rcanainder  of  bis  valnable  life  n  Mag 
good  to  all  aroond  bim.  He  fii«d  la  aee 
bis  exteoHve  estates  in  Staforishirc 
raised  from  a  most  aDcoltivatied  aad  dew 
gTMded  state  to  ooe  of  numpaiatitg  cirS. 
cation  and  enligbtenment.  This  prt  of 
tbe  family  property  b  staatei  m  tW 
bigb  and  bleak  mooriands  of  Scdfaid- 
slnre.  where  a  few  years  ainee  tbov  ima 
scarcely  a  passable  road.  Nov  there  are 
esccUent  roads,  goodlarm  hoani,chMi^ 
acbools.  aad  cbapeis.  Dari^  tW  W 
sammer.  Sir  Geoige  bad  the  lihaian  €f 
seeing  tbe  last  of  bis  asaay  fink  chipab 
and  scbools  opened  in  a  wild  aaoor,  aad 
crowded  with  gratefol  wonbippen.  vka 
woe  load  in  tbetr  thanks  to  God,  aad 
rbcir  kind  landlord  and  beBcdhdnr. 

Tbe  beakh  of  tbe  worthy  Daroail  had 
been  long  declining,  bat  he  had  ban 
Father  bener  than  asaal,  wbea  ba  Ink 
cold  by  at  tending  and 
Christmas  dinner  to 
their  families;  and 
broocbitis  proved  fatal, 
fore  bis  death,  be 
pobUriied  a  vefrbi 
"  Address  on  the  Lofd% 
ate  of  biafuailj;  thai  the 


1844,]  General  Monmn.^Capt  Arthur  WakefitM,  R.N, 


hh  ralualfte  life  were  in  accordance  with 
the  sacred  season — "  Glory  to  God  in 
the  highest,  and  good  will  towards  men.'* 
Vu  sendinff  u  copy  of  this  work  to  one 
of  bis  tradcfimeni  he  added,  **  I  S4^e  an 
ifdverttsement  in  the  paper  on  behalf  of 
a  poor  family  ;  pray  place  to  my  nccoiint 
five  pounds  lor  ihcm.'*  It  wonld  be  end- 
less to  enumerate^  were  it  posi>ible,  all 
his  teU  of  public  and  private  bcneticenee. 
Indeed,  such  was  his  Christ luii  character^ 
united  with  loyalty  and  liberiitity,  that  hi^ 
loss  to  hh  family,  friends,  and  the  public 
at  large,  can  scarcely  be  duly  appreciated. 
Sir  George  married  in  1819  the  daughter 
of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Whi taker,  M.A, 
Vicar  of  Mendliam,  Norfolk,  and  sister 
10  the  Rev.  G.  A.  Whitaker,  the  present 
Vicar  of  that  parish ;  whom  he  has  left  a 
widow  with  six  children.  His  eldest  aoii 
Sir  John  Harpur  Grewe,  Bt.  now  iu  his 
fiOth  year,  succeeds  to  the  title  and 
eitates. 

The  funeral  of  Sir  George  Crewe  took 
place  at  Calke  on  Tuesday,  January  0. 
A  cousidernbic  number  of  pergonal  friends 
attended,  to  pay  the  lust  mournful  tributCt 
in  conjunction  with  the  iiiemhera  of  his 
family  and  relatives,  while  a  large  body 
of  individuals,  many  of  them  tenantry, 
amounting  to  at  lea^t  1000,  residerit  at 
Calke,  Tickenhall,  Melbourne,  and  the 
immediate  vicinity,  assembled  to  witness 
ihe  funeral  procession,  which  left  the 
Abbey  in  the  following  order,  the  cothn 
being  borne  by  sixteen  labourers  of  the 
deceased : — 

Tbe  Hev.  James  Dean  (officiatinp). 
Rev.  H.  Buckley,  Rev,  R,  Coi,  Rev,  h\ 
Spilsbury,  Rev.  F.  Mere  wether,  Rev.  M. 
Vavasour,  Rev.  J.  Jones,  Rev.  Joseph 
Deans,  Rev,  J,  M.  Webb,  J,  Child,  eaq. 
— Tasker,  esq.  Dr,  Bent,lj,  Frear,  esq. 

The  Corpse :  Pall  bearers,  Hon.  and 
Rev.  A.  Curzon,  Sir  Q.  Mosley,  Bart, 
J.  B.  Crompton,  esq.  F,  Hurt,  esq,  Wm, 
Mundy,  esq,  E.  A.  Hold  en,  esq.  £.  S, 
C,  Pole,  esq.  John  Balguy,  esq. 

Mourners ;  Sir  John  Hurpur  Crewe, 
Bart.,  Evelyn  H.  Crewe,  esq.  Rev,  H. 
R.  Crewe,  Kdvv.  Lewis  Crewe,  esq,  C 
H.  Crewe,  esq.,  Cocksbutt  Heathcote, 
esq.  Wm.  Jenney,  esq.  Rev.  T,  W, 
\^iir4iker,  Rev.  G,  A.  Whitaker,  Mr. 
Justice  Patteson* 

Trustees  ;  Evelyn  John  .Shirley,  esq* 
M.P.,  William  Evans,  esq.  M.P.,  J.  B. 
Simpson,  esq. 

Private  friends :  C.  M.  Mundy,  esq. 
M.P.  John  Harrison,  esq.  Col.  Clowes, 
SamU  EvanSt  esq.  W<   1      ^'  -wton,  esq. 


201 


Sir  Henry  S,  Wilmot,  Bart,  one  of 
the  executors  and  gntirdians,  was  reluct* 
antly  absent,  not  feeling  equal  to  attend 
upon  the  melancholy  occasion* 


GENEftAL  MOEatSON. 

Bee,  3.  In  Devonshire-place,  in  hif  ' 
84th  year.  General  Edward  Morrison,  j 
Coioncl  of  tbe  i3th  Light  Infantry,  and  . 
Governor  of  Cb ester. 

In  Jan,  1777  this  officer  was  appointed 
Ensign    in   the  Coldstream   Guardfi,  and  ' 
shortly  after  was  employed  as  Assistant* 
Quartermaster- General.     In   Sept.  1780 
he  succeeded  to  &  Lieutenancy,  with  the 
runk  of  Captain,  and  from  Nov.  1781  to 
June  I7H3  he  served  as   Aide-de-Camp 
to  the  Commander-in-Chief  in  the  Wesf^ 
Indies,     He  was  promoted  to  a  company, 
with  the  rank  of  Lieut. -Colonel,  in  Jaii, 
J71M},  and  in  1798  was  appointed  Ueputy- 
Quarterrnaster-General,  but  obtained  per* 
mission  to  join  the  1st  battalion  of  tha 
Coldgtrcam    Regiment    in    Flanders    in 
17&+,     He  received  the  brevet  of  Colonel 
2(j    Feb,    179^5;   w^s  appointed    Colonel 
of  the  Leicester  Fencibles  in  Nov,  1800, 
and  in  Jan.   1805  of  a  battalion  in  the 
00th,     He  became  a  Major- General  Jan, 
1 ,  1798  J  in  April  toll  owing  was  appointed 
to  the  stair  in    Ireland,  where  he  com- 
manded the  liimerick  district  during  the 
rebellion.     He  was  appointed  to  the  fttaS  , 
in    England   in    July    1S03,    became    m 
Lieut. -General   Jime    I,    1805,    Lieut.- 
Governor  and  Commander  of  the  Forcea 
at  Jamaica  8th  May,   1S09,  and   General  | 
1th  Jnnc,  18H,     Genoml  Morrison  vraa  ] 
Colonel  of  the  13th  Foot,  which  becomes  i 
vacant  by  his  demise,  and  to  which  he  ] 
was  appointed  13th  Feb.  1813,     He  wot  I 
also  Governor  of  Cheater. 

He  married,  April  25tfa,  1800,  Lady 
Caroline  King,  second  daughter  of  Robert 
second  Earl  of  Kingston,  and  sister  of 
the  Dowager  Countess  of  Mountcashel. 


Capt.  Arthuu  Wakefield,  R.N. 

June  J 7,  In  New  Zealand,  in  his  44th 
year,  Arthur  Wakefield,  esq.  Commander 
R.N, 

He  was  the  third  son  of  Edward 
Wakefield,  esq.  of  Burnham,  Essejc^  the 
author  of  a  well-known  statistical  and 
political  account  of  Ireland. 

Captain  Wakclield  entered  the  Na^7at  , 

10  years  of  age,  and  first  sailed  in  the 

Nisus     frigate,     with     Captain     FhiJip 

Beaver,   whose    expedition  to   Btilama, 

and  other  services,  are  matters  of  history. 

He  was  subsequently  present  at  the  taking 

fit  Raiavia  and  the  Isle  of  France,  and  in 

ime&fi^ements  of  BkdeosbargU 

^,  where  he  oerved  at  Eide« 

ml  Sic  George  Coqk« 


.?/* 


^  ?■*•  3  n ««..  » 


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vjfc-  •  .-  •  1-  ..  •  ^  .-  •  .  -  ■  '  «f  .*n. 
?  ►•»     ?*.-»-.    T--     -.•■.•-    .:      w.     ■'     n.tr? 

T?-. *•  •,— .-T  -.-     •' ,    -        .Ip-ri'm 

1  -  r    •  .--.-■        »n'T*riif-» 

?:r  ^  ■••  •  ■'  ■  I  -■*  r  ..  -  •  '-.j""  t'-i-r 
t>i  I  ^'  ' -■  ,  •  .•  •  r-.*  —  !.  :'■  »:  '"Ti* 
Turn-  %  "••■  *  -'■■  .-V  •  ;  1  ■.  •, .  t  'f 
ItTt  '■:...  .  -•  ,'  ■  --  •.•  V  ••  .lit 
.n  •  Ti.  —  ■■  -  .  -:..•  ..^-■-»  •«  I.. 
>%i--  .»  ^1  r-,._  ,«,•  ,.■-  1^  •  fniYitrifi 
'•'      ■    •       '"  ■  iir    :i  t.  •  ■    -      '"  v.'    jsf:». 

«hr,r-.    •       -1,.'     ..       •     .•..— 1^     :j     ■•..      -.    .l'H!l- 

•.iT  ■.»  ■ -.•  \..  ^  M  .,..-  p.-r,.-  -  n  ii»  *^'*- 
■r..>     '      -  N- V  Z..,  .:i.!         n'-iiir-        H  * 

.•-.ri' ■      I*    r-    ■•-  i;'  .^-i  ,  ...    ,:,  -.     r    r- T   l;iit 

Tr..ui-  •  -.  •.*-...--.  ,..,j  v-.-^-t  ■?'•  Ill 
'■*■"**  ♦'  ^•  *  •■  ■  i.-.j  *  r"  >•  !  "S"*"!." 
*■',  :.-^    %    «  ;■•    -,,.^   -      ■,  y      .  .•..««M*<^    Y 

h   •   *->•/•     «r^    v..     -;      .     ■  -.^     |,tT     •    ■•—I. 

t."*  «.'•    '/   .-..i     JiT.er.-.i'.  *   'J^-i  i/»  :*- 


f-r,f1rtt  .n  ;..    1'^/. 


/>/.  10.    A'.  Ki«  ] '!*!/;:./<  ;r    f'^rr.V'ik*! 

liam  lU.l.  I^ll.  Ma^^T  of  •:..!?  •r^nfy. 
ft   r«n«iri  of   Oli»ijrf^f#»r,  ind    Kerror  of 

Mr.  I  full  ^^^1  ti«irri  Ht  f.hr-Nfii  Marrh 
|y,  1770.  Iff  WII4  rh«r  -on  of  Mr.  John 
il«ll,  fill- f-inini-nt  hi^roriml  nnd  fH>rrriiit 
fHKUvi-r,  will  known  froiri  n  v.nii'tyof 
i*if-i-lli-rif  |ifr|i»rniniir«*«,  hut  morn  pfi. 
|irHiillv  Iroin  tlir  Urt;!*  pUti'^  of  *'  (Irom- 

Will    fflnaoiviMK    fill*     liOIIK     I'MrliHini'Mt," 

mill   1 1 I  lilt  III'  fif    I  III'    llfivnr."      Hi: 

IVM  iwliimiiMl  lit  St.  I'ltiiri*  Krliiiol,  Lon- 
iliMi,  uiiil  rliM'tril  friiiii  thiMiri-toii  Si'hoUr- 
«tii|t|il  Prinbriikr  ('lillrKi*.  ill  I7NN,  wliiTi* 
liu  liiTiiiiiii  ■ui-rr«>ivi'ly  l''rlli>w,  Tutor, 
mill,  ■iiliaiM|iii«Mlly,  ill  INlill,  ftinHtrr  o(' 
lliHl  ■iirli*ly.  Mil  i^initiiiiti'il  li..\.  Jiiliu 
7.    I7UV.   Id. A.   1711.^    II. I),    mm,  mia 

II  M  IHIMI.  Ilia  (iiiiiiiiry  lit  (iliiiii'4»iiU*r 
WM  nlliirliril  In  flio  iim«ti*riilii|i ;  niiiI  ho 
i^Hi  }Mr«iiniiiil  III  iltci  iiTliirv  «>!   Tiiyiiltui 

III  IMIO  liv  ihr  Himii  miil  rlmiitrr  itltliiiC 
nilliriliiil  rlititi'li. 

hi.  lUU  \^ill  lio  ■tiiivrrly  ri'^nMlcil, 
Imlli  tn  miiuil  mill  liliimviilrr.  IIimvm 
«  iiiNii  itl  ilir  lniiili'M  limrl  mitl  iiioat 
liriirioil*  ili«)>it«tliiiit,  i*^i>r  iTrtily  10  IMT- 
liMMiM  hiiMitth  NOiioii.  mM  iih«iiyB  i^tn* 
«i«l«'itiiv  AMil   liiduii'il   \\*  ImWo  «    li*nic))t 

\t\  |*iOiMt««  lit'  \\*\\  lsN*n  nif  Aiu'inM  Will}!, 
Imii  «lt«i<iiMi«'«l   lo  l\%l)«»^   h\*  |Hiilv  i«Urn 


,tf  Htk 


■:ii»f  11- 


•ni"  -*"imi^x  -mm  'Zlju 

e-"  vi*r  iiiw^p.    n   pntv  «  , 
ir--r   i¥!«irn  rSian  ae  J^rf 
rnit*  ir^vtiiifiiy       fc  1, 
-i«  V  -M«i  in  ii»  jtfl 

■in»-i  IT  ^nc  uut  'Jill 

tt  ^  '^fnains  • 
r/-*-*    .7.   ..n   a   vault 

^f  rr.«  Hiundi  rbe 

L«>nl  B(«hop.  eierij. 

pr  jTcHH  into  the' efaoir.       TW  ,^^, 

•vw  rnd  by  the  Ber.  Sir  Jote  H.  Scy. 

Dovir.  in  a  ncMC  wprvavvv  ^^Mcr.  ^ 

Han4ifi'«  faneral  antbcai,  *«  WWb  ikv^ 

h'nr-i  tiai.**  wm  bewitifUlT  la^. 

H :«  eM<?«t  flon,  the  Rev.  Occvgv  CtalH 
Ha.!,  formeriy  a  defoy  of  U^dalca  CM- 
l'^'',  Ot  ford /is  Vicar  of  CbofvkaB,  smt 
Oloiicr«ter,  and  married  Feb.  9^  lOB^ 
Jane,  ^vrond  dauffbter  of  the  !■!»  L,  U. 
fVrrirr.  e«q  of  Belle  Vue,  lialiilMV. 
fli<  iipcnnd  son  the  Rer.  Williaoi  Atrid 
ilall,  .M.A.  is  a  Fellow  of  New  CoOigi^ 
Oxford  :  and  his  third  has,  w«  *  " 
jiist  Irft  Winchester  School. 


IlF.v.  K.  II.  TuftNOft  Babnwsll. 

Oct.  2i.  At  Bury  St.  Edmnmiy  ^«d 
7.'i,  the  llrT.  Frederick  Henrr  Tmor 
JiArnwrll,  iM.A.,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A. 

Mr.  liHriiwcll  was  the  eldett  aon  md 
lifir  uf  thi<  llev.  Frederick  Barnwell,  BJL 
UcTtor  (if  Brarkloy,  Lawshall,  and  Stan. 
niiiKlioid,  Suffolk,  youngest  ton  of  CbuiM 
llHriiwi'U,  PRq.  of  Mileham,  Norfolk,  tnd 
of  Mary  hin  wife,  only  surviving  child  of 
thp  H«*v.  John  Novell,  M.A.  Rector  ^ 
llilliiiKton,  in  the  same  county.  Mr. 
IliirnwfU  wax  of  Corpus  Christi  GoIImb, 
ramliridKo.  li.  A.  17<)3.  M.  A.  ITSs. 
Having  r«')irt*!«oiitvd  that  hit  gnndmother 
Mary  y^  NovoU  )  alHn'r.mentioiied,  enc. 
ivciloJ  to  a  iMii«idrrable  estate  on  the 
draih  ot  Mi!i4  iMbplla  Tumor,  of  Bury 
St.  KilnutitdV.  hor  cttuvin^cermui  onee 
UMiui«od,  Mho  wa»  the  only  surviving 
M«trr  and  heirol  llenry  Turnor.of  Bnrj, 
c>^ .  h«  I«s4k  the  name\^  Tumor  btfdtm 
lUmvivlL  by  i\\\«l  i^n  manuil  dOcd  17 


I 


I 


I 

I 


1 8440       George  Homim^  Esq.— Valentine  Maker,  Esq,  M.P. 

May,  18^,  and  was  allowed  to  quartfir 
the  armi  of  Tumor  in  the  second  quarter. 

Mr»  Barnweli  eontnbucect  to  the  Gen- 
tle mnn's  Magazine,  among  other  articles, 
the  following : — 

Account  of  the  Sepulchral  Bra&§  of  Sir 
Hoger  DruTj^  at  Roitgham,  Suffolkr 
with  It  plate,  July  1813. 

Account  of  Wordvvell  Churcbi  SuJJolIt, 
witbaview,  April  1821. 

Account  of  Brigbtwell  Church,  Suflulk, 
with  a  view,  Sept.  1829, 

He  was  tit  the  exnense  of  engraving 
several  plates ,  of  which  we  can  etiu- 
memte— 

Portruits  of  bis  father  and  mother,  each 
accompanied  hy  a  Latin  eburaeter* 

Portrait  of  Miss  Juliana  Homfray,  who 
died  Feb.  24,  1832,  painted  by  Sam. 
Lane,  engraved  bv  Sam.  Cousins,  l8.'iS. 

Two  views  of  toniham  Ste.  Genevieve, 
then  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk^ 
near  Bury  St.  Edmund'i, 

Mr.  Barnwell  was  partial  to  the  com- 
puiition  of  characters  in  Latin,  and  several 
froon  hit  pen  have  been  placed  as  epi- 
taphs in  tbc  churches  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Bury. 

Mr.  Barnwell  lived  in  apartments  at 
Bury,  in  a  style  not  adequute,  perhaps,  to 
hit  ample  fortune,  tint  surrounded  with 
olj]«cts  congenial  to  his  taste  in  antiquities, 
beniidry,  and  the  arts  ;  and  his  liherality 
and  kindliness  of  disposition  highly  en- 
deared hina  to  a  numerous  circle  ol  friends. 

He  was  much  attached  to  the  late  and 
to  the  present  Sir  Thomas  Cull  urn,  Ba* 
ronets,  and  was  thoroughly  acquainted 
with  all  the  literary  treasurea  contained 
in  their  libraries.  On  one  oecaiiion  he 
thus  eicpressed  himself : — "  In  having  been 
enabled  to  pvc  this  and  former  accounts, 
J  cannot  but  eipress  my  obli^atjuns  to 
Sir  Thomas  Gery  Culltirn,  Bi*rt,  a  gentle- 
soan  whose  name  is  mentioned  on  this 
occasion  with  the  greatest  deference  and 
respect,  and  with  gratitude  on  my  part 
not  to  be  exceeded,  for  that,  among  num- 
berless kindnesses  shown  to  me  during 
many  years  past,  I  have  been  honoured 
by  his  communications,  and  have  been  al- 
lowed accest  to  bis  valuable  iibrary  and 
MSS/* 

There  is  a  portrait  of  Mr,  Barnwell 
himself,  engraved  in  mezzotinto  by  Jsmes 
Harvey,  from  a  painting  by  Samuel  Lane, 
1829. 

Mr.  Barnwell  has  bequeathed  to  the 
following  insUtutions  the  sum  of  1000/. 
each:  — The  Suffolk  Clerical  Charity, 
the  Norfolk  Clerical  Chnrity,  the  Nor* 
wich  and  Norfolk  Ho«piul,  the  Norwich 
Blind  Institution  School,  the  Rupture 
and  Trufis  Society,  and  the  Chj-istian 
Knowledge  Society. 


203 


QEOAGfi  HotJSTOK,  EflQ. 

Sept.  H.  At  Invercanld,  (suddenly, 
whilst  shooting  on  the  moors,)  aged  33, 
George  Houston,  esq.  younger,  of  John- 
stone Castle,  tate  M. P.  for  Renfrewshire. 

He  was  the  son  and  heir  apparent  of 
Ludovic  Houston^  esq.  by  Anne,  eldest 
daughter  of  John  Stirling,  esq,  of  Kip- 
pendavie. 

He  first  came  forward  on  the  Con- 
servative interest  for  the  county  of  Ren- 
frew in  1835  ;  but  the  former  Whig 
member,  Sir  Michael  Shaw  Stewart, 
Bart.,  Klood  big  gronnd,  polling  52S  votes* 
Mr.  Houston  had  4G0,  and  Mr,  William 
Dixon,  a  Radical,  230.  On  the  death 
of  Sir  Michael  Stewart,  in  Jan.  J 837, 
Mr.  Houston  wa<i  returned,  polling  809 
votes,  whilst  his  Whig  competitor,  Sir  J. 
Maxwell,  had  only  G36.  At  the  general 
election  tn  the  same  year  Mr.  Houston 
had  S2\  votes  to  Capt-  S»cwart*8  704; 
but  in  1&41  he  declined  the  contest. 

Valentine  Mahkr,  Esij,  M.P. 

Dtc,  25.  At  bis  residence,  TortoUa, 
near  Thurles,  Valentine  Maher,  esq. 
M.P,  for  the  county  of  Tipperary. 

Jn  1841  Mr.  Sheil,  who  had  for  many 
years  represented  Tippemry,  made  choice 
of  Dungarvan,  the  representation  of  which 
bad  been  vacated  by  the  Hon.  Cornelius 
O'Callagban,  son  ot  Viscount  Lis  more  ; 
and  the  liberal  electors  of  that  county, 
who  formed  the  mnjoriry  of  its  con- 
stituency, immediately  set  themsetves  Co 
make  choice  of  a  successor.  Their  atten- 
tion was  at  once  directed  to  Mr,  V. 
Maher,  as  a  gentleman  who,  from  pro- 
perty, and  the  pnnciples  to  which  he  bad 
invariably  adhered,  was  unexceptionable  in 
every  point  of  view.  The  principal  diffi- 
culty presented  itself  in  the  known  and 
cheri^hcd  pursuits  o(  this  gentleman, 
which  rendered  bini  entirely  averse  to 
the  habits  which  public  lite  enjoin.  His 
great  delight  wus  to  enjoy  the  sports 
atforded  by  the  life  of  a  country  gentle- 
man ;  but,  when  his  countrymen  mude  a 
dem^md  upon  hi^  time,  be  at  once  gave 
up  his  own  enjoyment  at  the  call  of  duty, 
and  was  triumphantly  returned  to  Par- 
liament. 

Mr.  Muher  always  kept  up  a  Inrge 
hunting  estiihlishment  at  Melton  Mow- 
bray, where  he  spent  each  hunting  season. 
His  large  estates  in  Ttppemry  were  well 
managed  by  his  relative,  Nicholas  Maber, 
esq.  and  his  tenantry  were  always  con- 
tented and  peaceable.  He  vvaa  unmar- 
ried, and  bis  immense  fortune  will,  it  is 
believed,  descend  to  his  brother,  John 
Maher,  esq.  of  Tulhimaine  Castle,  near 
Cashel. 

Mr.  Maher  appeared  m  good  health  m 


George  Wm.  Wood,  Esq.  M.P^^Mrs.  Bulwer  LffiUm.       {t'eb. 


204 


Satordaj  Dec.  23,  bat  aboat  the  doie  of 
tfce  ity,  while  riding  at  foine  distance 
ftom  Dig  bootc,  be  was  attacked  with 
illncaa — paraljns  it  is  aaid  —  and  soon 
after  became  quite  insensible.  Medical 
lid  was  immediately  procnred  from  the 
neighbooring  town  ox  Tbarles,  bat  the 
him,  gentleman  continued  to  sink  in 
strength,  and  expired  on  the  mominff  of 
Gmstmas  day  at  five  o'clock.  Mr. 
Maher  had  the  re|mtation  of  being  an  ex- 
etllent  landlord,  and  from  his  inoffensive 
manner  as  a  politician  was  much  respected 
bjr  the  gentry  of  all  parties. 

George  Wm.  Wood,  Esq.  M.P. 

Oct,  3.  Suddenly,  at  Manchester,  in 
YAm  fl3rd  year,  George  Wm.  Wood,  esq. 
M.P.  for  Kendal,  F.L.S.  a  Magistrate 
and  Deputy  Lieutenant  for  the  County 
Palatine  of  Lancaster,  and  President  of 
tbt  Manchester  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

He  was  born  at  Leeds  *^6th  July,  1781, 
Mid  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Wm. 
Wood,  KL.S.  minister  of  Mill  ilill 
Chapel  in  that  town,  by  Louisa  Anne, 
daughter  of  (ieorge  Gates,  esq.  of  New- 
ton Hill.  CO.  York,  lie  entered  into 
business  in  Manchester  at  an  early  age, 
Mid  continued  steadily  to  rise  until  he 
became  one  of  the  leading  merchnnts  of 
that    great  commercial  town,  and  was 

Srtner  with  its  present  representive, 
ark  Philips,  esq.  At  the  first  election 
for  the  southern  division  of  Lancashire 
after  the  passing  of  the  Reform  Bill  he 
was  one  of  the  candidates  for  the  repre- 
sentation of  that  division,  and  was  re- 
turned at  the  bead  of  the  poll,  which  was 
as  follows  : 

G.  W.  Wood,  esq.       .     .     .     5691, 

Lord  Molyncux 5575 

8ir  T.  ilesketb,  Bart.      .     .    3082 

But  at  the  next  election  in   1835  the 

llda   of  political  favour  bad  completely 

iuriied,  and   his  name  appeared  at   the 

Ifptlom  of  the  poll,  the  numbers  being, 

Iwird  Francis  Kgerton      .     .    5(320 

llmi,  U.  B.  Wilbraharo    .    .    4729 

\a%u\  Molyneux 4629 

U.  W.  Wood,  esq.  ....     4394 
(m  \KVt  Mr.  Wood  was  invited  to  stand 
^  iht^  tiutuuKb  of  Kendal,  to  which  be 
f»i|«  surJ  WAi  then  elected  without 
III*  s«  aUo  he  was  on  the  suc- 
ivIm^Huii  ill  J 841.      He  professed 
[«'  «  \^  l»l«  *•(  the  school  of  Charles 
■  »ni\  'onsoqucntly  a  friend 
[lous  liberty,"  which, 
I  M  his  fiimily  motto. 
'AuW  4h4  suddenly  in  the  rooms 
.U^..,ti»«4i)>i  Literary  and  Philo- 
\A  which  he  was  a  Vice- 
one  of  their 


He  married,  22  Not.  1810,  Sarah,  tbe 
eldest  daughter  of  Joseph  Gates,  esq.  of 
Weetwood-haU,  near  Leeds,  whom  he 
has  left  his  widow  with  one  sod,  Wm. 
Rayner  Wood,  bom  26tb  Aug.  1811. 
This  gentleman  is,  we  believe,  married, 
and  has  issue.  He  succeeds  his  father  at 
his  seat.  Singleton  Lodge,  in  the  north  of 
Lancashire. 

Mrs.  BuLWEft  Lytton. 

Dec,  19.  At  her  house  in  Upper 
Seymour-street,  aged  70,  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth-Barbara- Bulwer  Lytton. 

Mrs.  Bulwer  Lytton  was  the  only 
daughter  of  Richard  Warburton,  esq. 
who  assumed  the  name  of  Lvtton,  of 
Knebworth  Park,  Hertfordshire,  by 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Paul  Jodrell,  esq. 
of  Lewknor  in  Oxfordshire.  Mr.  War- 
burton  was  the  son  of  William  Warbur- 
ton, esq.  of  Yarrow,  in  the  Queen's 
County,  by  Barbara,  youngest  daughter 
of  William  Robinson,  esq.  who  also 
assumed  tbe  name  of  Lytton.  And  Mr. 
Robinson  was  tbe  cousin  (through  his 
aunt  Dame  Margaret  Strode)  of  Lytton 
Strode  Lytton,  esq.  who  also  assumed 
the  name  of  Lytton,  being  the  son  of  Sir 
George  Strode,  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
Knt.  son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Strode,  Knt. 
by  Judith,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Row- 
land Lytton,  and  sister  to  Sir  William 
Lvtton,  Knt.  who  died  in  1704-5,  and 
who  was  tbe  last  male  of  that  ancient 
family,  which  had  been  settled  at  Kneb- 
worth from  tbe  reign  of  Henry  the 
Seventh.  (See  Clutterbuck's  History  of 
Hertfordshire,  vol.  ii.  p.  376.) 

Miss  Lytton  was  married  in  1798,  to 
William  Earle  Bulwer,  esq.  of  Heydon 
Hall,  in  Norfolk,  who  died  a  General  in 
tbe  army,  July  7,  1807.  On  the  death 
of  her  father,  Dec.  29,  1810,  she  suc- 
ceeded to  the  estate  of  Knebworth ;  and 
on  the  14th  of  May,  1811,  she  took  the 
name  of  Lytton  in  addition  to  that  of 
Bulwer,  by  royal  sign  manual ; — that 
being,  as  already  stated,  the  fourth  time 
that  the  attempt  was  made  to  revive  the 
andcnt  surname. 

Mrs.  Lytton  Bulwer  had  three  sons,  Wil- 
liam Earle  Lytton  Bulwer,  esq.  of  Heydon 
Hall,  Norfolk ;  William  Henry  Lytton 
Bulwer,  esq.  recently  appointed  Minister 
to  the  Court  of  Madrid  ;  and  Sir  Edward 
Lytton  Bulwer,  Bart,  the  distinguished 
novelist,  who  succeeds  to  Knebworth. 

Tbe  ancient  mansion  of  Knebworth, 
which  is  described  in  the  Gentleman's 
Msgttzine  for  March,  1790,  was  partly 
pulled  down  by  Mrs.  Bulwer  Lytton, 
in  181 1,  and  a  new  mansion  was  erected 
in  the  Gothic  style,  and  finished  in  1816. 

The  mistreta  of  Knebworth  (says  t 


1844.]       Obituary, — John  Lowe^  Etq. — Daniel  Vawdrc^,  Esq,      205 

oppofite  bills,  crowned  with  cottages  and 
Bptrei,  impart  to  the  scene  that  pecu- 
liarly EiJglt&h,  half-statL'ly  and  wbolly- 
ciiltiratcd  character,  upon  which  the  poets 
of  Elizabeth 'a  day  so  much  loved  to 
linger." 


contcrapomry)   has    left  a    name  there 
more  diittingiiiahed   than  ancestry  could 
render  it — one  that  is  adorned  by  nnmber- 
less  deeds  of  private  beoevoleoce,  and  by 
the  practice  of  every  virtue.   Her  cbnrities 
were  unostentatious  and  extensive,     A 
donation  of  u  thousand  gitinea^  in  aid  of 
the   **  Propagation    of    the     Gospel    in 
Foreign  Parts'*  is  among  the  recent  proofs 
of  her   tnunificence;  and   an   almshouse 
for  the  widows  of  the  poor  she  just  lived 
to  complete  and  endow.     Not  her  jost 
and  charitable  spirit  only,  but  her  literary 
accomplishments,    have    been,   in    some 
passages  of  his  writings,  alluded  to  by  her 
son  Sir  Ed^vard,  as  influencing  his  early 
cbBmcter   and    directing    his    tii&tc    and 
studies.     In  the  dedication  of  his  Works 
to  his  mother^   he  says — "  From  yotir 
graceful  and  accomplished  taste  I  enrly 
L  jtarned  thot  nffection  for  literature  which 
lias  exercised  so  large  an  intluence  over 
I  the  pursuits  of  my  lite  ;  and  you  who  were 
I  my  first  guide  were  my  earliest  critic." 
Alluding  to  her  own  gentle  and  polished 
Terses,    be  says—"  It   was     those    caf^y 
lessons,  fur  more  than  the  harsher  rudi- 
ments learned   subsef|uently   In   schools, 
I  that  taught  me  to  admire  and  to  imrtnte." 
And  he  adds  to  this    a    reverential    ac* 
knowlcdgnient  of  the  qualities,  compared 
with  which   all  literary  accomplishments 
»re  poor.     "  Happy,   while   I   borrowed 
firom  your  taste^  could  I  have  found  it  not 
,  more  difficult  to   imitate  your  virtues — 
I  your  spirit  of  active  and   extended  be- 
nevolence, your  cheerful  piety,  your  con- 
siderate justice,  your  kindly  charity — and 
all   the  qualities  that  briffbten  a  nature 
more  free  from  the  thought  of  self  than 
any  it  has  been  my  lot  to  meet  with." 

Mrs.  Buhver  Lytton's  father  was  a 
great  scholar,  and  one  of  the  most  erudite 
Hebraists  of  his  day.  He  wrote  dm  mas 
in  Hebrew,  and  consipied  bi^  ei^tate  to 
stewards  and  decay.  The  energy  of  his 
daughter  employea  itself  In  the  restora. 
tion  of  Rnebworih.  This  old  manorial 
seat  (*av»  Sir  Edward  Buhver,  in  a 
beautjful  paper  deseriptive  of  the  scenes 
of  his  youth)  WAS  formerly  of  vast  extent, 
*'  built  round  a  quadrangle  at  different 
penods,  from  the  date  of  the  second 
crusade  to  that  of  the  reign  of  Flisabetk 
It  was  in  so  ruinoui)  a  condition  when  she 
came  to  its  possession ^  that  three  sides  of 
it  were  obliged  to  he  pulled  down ;  the 
fouj-thf  vet  remaining^  is  in  itsulf  a  house 
larger  than  most  in  the  county,  and  still 
contains  the  old  oak  hall,  with  its  lofty 
ceiling  and  raised  music -gal  I  cry.  The 
park  has  something  of  the  cbaructer  of 
Pcnsburst;  and  its  venerable  avenues, 
which  Blopo  from  the  house  down  the 
^dual  declivity,  giving  wide  views  of  the 


John  Lowe,  Esq. 

Nov,  12,  At  his  residence,  Glaze- 
brook  Hou!ie,  South  Brent,  Devon,  in 
bis  68th  year,  John  Low*c,  esq.  a  Deputy 
Lieutenant  for  that  county,  and  formerly 
a  Captain  in  the  3rd  Royal  Lancashiru 
Militia. 

He  WIS  A  native  of  Lancashire,  and 
was  the  second  but  eldest  surviving  son 
of  Thomas  Lowe,  esq.  a  merchant  at 
Manchester,  by  Ellen  his  wife,  daughter 
of  Mr,  John  Heglnbotham,  aho  a  mar. 
chant  in  that  town  ;  and  grandson  of  the 
Rev,  John  Lowe,  M.A.  of  Winwick, 
CO.  Ltincastcr,  by  Betty  his  wife,  eldest 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Stanley, 
LL,D,  Rector  of  Winwick,  second  son 
of  Thomas  Stunley,  (a  descendant  of  the 
Derby  family,)  High  Sberiff  of  that 
county  5tb  George  L  He  was  one  of 
the  very  few  surviving  officers  who  formed 
the  original  corps  of  the  *ird  Lancashire 
.Jlililia,  when  embodied  in  1797, 

Mr.  Lowe  married  several  years  ago 
n  daughter  of  Peter  Tonkin,  esq.  of  Ply- 
mouth, by  whom  he  has  left  issue  an  only 
son,  Stanley  Lowe,  esq,  who  is  also 
mariicd,  and  has  a  ntunerous  fimjily. 
The  deceased  gentleman  had  been  a  re- 
sident in  Devonshire  about  thirty  years, 
and  was  universally  esteemed  by  all  who 
knew  him. 

It  is  with  pleasure  we  quote  the  follow- 
ing brief  but  expressive  tribute  to  his 
memory,  which  appeared  recently  in  a 
Plymouth  paper,  **  Few  men  ever  ful- 
111  led  the  duties  of  a  husband,  father, 
friend  or  neighbour,  better  than  Mr.  Lowe, 
whose  ttccessiblci  gentlemanlike,  and  frank 
manner  evcjy where  gained  friends,  and 
rendered  it  difficult  for  him  to  make  an 
enemy." 


DANiKt,  Vawdhev,  Esq. 

Jan.  17.  At  hts  seat,  Plas  gwynant, 
CO.  Carnarvon,  after  only  a  few  days* 
illness,  in  bis  7^rd  year,  Daniel  Vawdrey, 
esq.  of  Moresbanon  and  Tuskingham 
Halls,  Cheshire,  and  of  Plas-gwynant 
above  named ;  a  Magistrate  for  the 
counties  of  Chester,  Salop,  and  Carnar* 
von. 

He  was  the  only  surviving  child  of 
Daniel  Vawdrey,  esq*  of  Middlewicb, 
Cheshire,  by  his*  first  wife,  Mary,  only 

*  Mr.  Vawdrey  married  secondly, 
a  cousin  of  bis  first  wife,  Mary^  seconj 


OnruABTw^-J.  C.  Lmtdtm,  Eaq. 


of  WiliiMi  fiMin,  wq.of 

■dffible  property  froai  tW  Yates  of 
My^kvicfc.  tke  colktml  dMcrad—tiof 
Dr.  Thonas  Yate»  Priadpal  of  Brafcooar 
C4/ltiSt,  Oxford.  He  m  boni  ocb  Oct. 
1771,  andybcinf  dcfttincd  for  the  bar.  wai 
artidcd  in  tW  oftee  of  Mc«in.  Fox, 
Sharp,  and  Ecdca,  Soiidton,  id  ^Lni. 
cbcfllcr,  with  whom  ha  mnaiiicd  tbe  ac 
cttOBMd  period  of  proliatioo,  fime  ycari. 
Soceacdtnf ,  bowcTcr.  to  a  handMNDe  pa. 
triMooy,  be  ezcbanfed  cbe  actire  dnbn 
of  tbat  profewion  for  tbe  social  retire, 
sent  of  a  couatrj  (eoUeoMo.  He  mar. 
riad,  7tb  Feb.  1^1,  Aane,  dai^btcr  of 
Ben^amiD  Wjatt,  eiq.  of  Lime  GroTe, 
CO.  CamarTOD,  rniece  of  tbe  kte  JaoMa 
Wyau,  tui.  Sonrefor-Gcnetal  to  Cbe 
'^  '  of  Worki  and  Ordnance,  and 
to  Sir  Jctfrj  Wjattrille,  Kot.)  by 
be  baa  left  aarvirinf  itaue  tbree 
1.  Daaiel.  bom  in  1807,  in  Holj 
Ordcrt.  M. A.  and  late  Fellow  of  Braae. 
noae  CoU.  Oxford.  (3rd  rl— mm  in  Ut. 
buai.  in  1%^.  now  Bector  of  Stepney. 
Aliddleaex,  wbo  married,  in  ISIS,  Cbria. 
tiaa  Anne,  widow  of  -*  Orfoid,  esq. 
nd  daii«:btcr  of  W.  Hadfield.  caq.  of 
Nortbwicb.  Cbcabire.  S.  WUIiam  Sea. 
aao,  in  bd^  ordera.  M.A.  of  Qneen't 
Coll.  Cambndga,  wbo  atood  lereotb  in 
tbaiiatof  aen.  opt.  f47  in  number)  on 
tbe  matbematical  thpoa  in  1S33;  and  3. 
Bcniamin  Llewelyn,  a  tolicitor at  Middle, 
wkb,  wbo  married,  in  1843. 


[FA. 
ban  OB  Aptfl  Sib, 


wM^M.  WHO  mwncu.  in    le^z.   Aoeoooaia. 

daiifbter  of  —  Brookea.  caq.  of  Wbit. 
cfaareb.  8al(».  Tbe  late  Mr.  Vawdrey 
aerrcd  tbe  office  of  High  SberiiTof  Car. 
nanronabirc  in  16^.  AJtbougb  arriTcd 
at  advanced  yeart.  be  bad  enjoyed  re. 
markaUy  good  bcialtb  and  tpiriu  until 
tbe  13tb  instant,  wben  be  was  seised  witb 
an  illness  which  terminated  faully  in  leaa 
than  four  days.  His  remains  have  been 
Iflterrwl  in  the  iamUy  vault  at  Middle, 
wieb. 

J.  C.  Loiroow.  Esq. 

Dee.  14.  At  bis  bouse  at  Bayswater. 
John  Claudius  Loudon,  esq.  who.  for 
nearly  half  a  century,  bas  been  before  the 
poUic  as  a  writer  ol  numcfoos  useful  and 
popular  works  on  gardening,  agriculture, 
and  architecture. 

•f  Mr.  Loudon's  father  was  a  farmer,  re- 
siding in  the  neighbourhood  of  Ediiibunrb. 
where  he  was  very  highly  respected ;  but 

dau.  of  Peter  Seaman,  esq.  of  Warring, 
ton,  by  whom  he  bad  issue  four  children, 
of  whom  the  onlr  surrivors  now  are  the 
Rev.  Gilbert  Vawdrey,  M.A.  Incum. 
bent  of  Wrenbury,  and  tbe  Rev.  William 
Vawdrey,  Hector  of  Harthill,  Cbcahira. 


London,  bat  tbere  was  n  i 
ddcsce  in  aaany  painla  of  i 
Tbe  two  sisicn  were,  in  bock  i 
widows  at  an  early  age,  wiib  huge  i 
lies,  wbkb  were  bro^bf  ap  by  tbe  ex. 
ertioBSof  tbe  ddcat  soa« ;  and  botb  no- 
tbcrs  bad  tbe  bappifas  of  sceiagtbcir 

Mr. 


rinlSOaL 


■p  aaal 
gardener,  and  began  to  pnctiai 
wben  be  came  to  England  witb  i 
letters  of  introdnctioB  tosomeof  tbeirat 
proprictofs  in  tbe  kingdom.    He 


afterwards  took  a  large  farm 
sbire,  where  berendad  in  ISOOl* 


Intbn 
1S13.  14,  15  be  mm^  tbe  tov  of 
nortbem  Europe,  tiaiiiMng  Swedes, 
Rnsaia.  Poland, and  AMtrin;  in  1S19 ba 
travelled  tbroogb  Italy;  and  in  18K 
tbioogb  France  and  Germany. 

«*  Mr.  Loudon's  earccTM  1 
in  1803.  wben  be  was  only  tweaty  jaan 


ivcrrtau 

!  of  MMTty 


old,  and  it  continued  witb  \ 
temipdoo  during  tbe  moa  oi 
being  only  condodcd  by  bis  dcntlu  '  Tbe 
first  works  be  published  were  tbe  Mknr- 
ing : — Observations  on  layinc  oet  Fnbiie 
Squares,  in  1S03,  and  on  Planlntiona  in 
ISM;  a  Treatise  on  HotbooMS,  in  1S06» 
and  on  Country  Residences,  in  1806,  bolk 
4to;  Hinu  on  tbe  Formation  of  Gaidce% 
in  1812 ;  and  tbree  works  on  Ilotbossaa, 
in  1817  and  1818.  In  1 8SS  appealed  tbe 
first  edition  of  tbe  Encyd^sadin  of 
Gardening,  a  work  remarkable  ftac  the 
immense  mass  of  useful  matter  wbicb  it 
contained,  and  for  tbe  then  nnesaal  cir- 
cumstance of  a  great  quantity  of  wood, 
cuts  being  mingled  witb  tbe  text;  tbia 
book  obtained  an  extraordinaiy  sale,  asA 
fully  establiabed  bis  fiune  aa  an  < 
Soon  after  was  published  an  i 


.  written  either  partly  or  entirely  bf 
Mr.  Loudon,  called  tbe  Graanboeae 
Companion,  and  shortly  afterwaida  Ob- 
servations on  laying  out  Farms,  in  Calle, 
witb  bis  name.    In  1824,  a  i 


•  Whilst  at  Tew  Mr.  Loudon  printed 
anonymously  one  of  his  earliest  works,  •'  A 
Treatise  on  tbe  culture  of  Wheat,  reeom. 
mending  a  system  of  management  founded 
upon  the  successful  experience  of  tbe 
Author.  By  a  Practical  Farmer."  ISIS. 
^o.  It  was  dedicated  to  hia  landlord 
geoige  Frederick  Strattoo,  eaq.  of  Gtetf 
Aew  Jrerk* 


18440 


Obituary.— J.  C,  Loudon ^  Esq, 


207 


of  tbe  Encyclopicdia  of  Gnrdentng  was 
puhliihed,  wtb  very  great  altemtbns  and 
improvemenri ;  and  the  following  year 
apprared  the  firit  tKiirion  of  the  Encyclo- 
ptedm  of  Agriculture.  In  1826,  the 
Gnrdenera  Magnziiie  was  commenced, 
being  the  first  periodical  ever  devoted 
exclusively  to  horticulturttl  subj«?€ts.  The 
MagHzine  of  Natural  Hi§toiy,  ako  the 
first  of  its  kind»  was  heimn  in  1829,  Mr. 
Loudon  wus  now  occupied  m  the  pre- 
paration of  tbe  Encyeloptpdia  of  Plants, 
which  was  published  I'arly  in  \BWt  and 
wtis  speedily  follotved  by  the  HortUB 
Brtcanuiru!«.  In  IRI31)  a  necoitd  aud 
nenrly  re- written  edition  of  the  Encyclo- 
jMBdk  of  Agriculture  was  publijihcd,  and 
Ihia  WM  followed  by  an  entirely  re -writ  ten 
edition  of  tbe  Erfcyclopeedia  of  Gardening, 
in  1831  ;  and  tbe  Encyclopaedia  of  Cot* 
tage,  Farm »  and  Villa  Architecture,  the 
fimt  be  publisbed  on  bia  own  account,  in 
]B3i.  This  last  work  vvas  one  of  the 
most  succesRfulf  because  it  was  one  of  Che 
moat  useful,  he  ever  wrote,  and  it  is  likely 
long  to  continue  a  standard  book  on  tbe 
iubjerts  of  which  it  treats.  Mr.  Loudon 
flow  began  to  prepare  bis  grettt  and  ruin- 
OUB  work,  the  Arboretum  Britannicum, 
the  anxietieji  attendant  on  which  were, 
undoubtedly,  tbe  primary  cause  of  that 
decay  of  constitution  which  terminated  in 
hifl  death.  Tbis  work  was  not,  however, 
cotn Dieted  till  1838,  and  in  tbe  meantime 
he  began  tbe  Architectural  Magazine, 
the  first  periodical  devoted  exclusively  to 
architecture.  Tbe  labour  be  underwent 
at  this  time  was  almost  incredible.  He 
had  four  periodicals,  vix.  the  Gardener's, 
Natural  History,  and  Arcbitectumt  Ala- 
gazine«,  and  tbe  Arboretum  Bntannicum, 
wbieb  was  published  in  monthly  numbers, 
going  on  at  tbe  some  time  ;  and,  to  pro- 
duce  these  at  tbe  proper  times,  he  literally 
worked  night  and  day.  Immediately  on 
tbe  conrliifiion  of  tbe  Arboretum  Britan- 
nicumi  he  begun  tbe  Suburban  Garde  tier, 
which  was  also  published  in  183H,  as  wa« 
the  HortUB  Lignosus  Londinensis  ;  and 
in  1839  appeared  bis  edition  of  Repton's 
Landscane- Gardening.  In  1840  he  ac- 
cepted the  editorship  of  tbe  Gardener^s 
Gaxette,  which  he  retained  till  November 
1B41 ;  and  in  1842  be  published  his  En- 
cyclopaedia of  Trees  and  Shrubs.  In  tbe 
lame  year  be  completed  bis  Suburban 
Horticuituralist ;  and  finally,  in  1R43,  be 
published  his  work  on  Cemeteries,  tbe 
laat  separate  work  be  ever  wrote.  In 
this  list,  many  minor  productions  of  Mr. 
Loudon's  pen  have  necessarily  been 
omitted  :  but  it  may  be  mentioned,  that 
he  contxibuted  to  tbe  Encyclopsedia  I^H. 
tannioa  and  Bnnde's  Dicti<^n« 
eiice»  and  that  he  publbh 


•upplements  from  time  to  ttme^  to  his 
various  works. 

*'  Nomnn,  perhaps,  has  ever  written  so 
much,  under  ^uch  adverse  circumstanceSt 
as  Mr.  Loudon »  Many  years  ago,  when 
he  came  first  to  England  (in  J 803)*  he 
had  a  severe  attack  of  intljimmtitory  rheu- 
mati^im,  which  disabled  him  for  two  years, 
and  ended  in  an  anobylosed  knee  and  a 
contracted  left  arm.  In  tbe  year  1820, 
whilst  compiling  the  Encyclopaedia  of 
Gardening,  he  had  another  severe  attack 
of  rheumatism;  and  the  following  year , 
being  recommended  to  go  to  Brighton  to 
get  shampooed  in  Mahommed's  Batbs, 
his  right  arm  was  there  broken  near  the 
shoulder,  and  it  never  properly  united. 
Notwithstanding  this,  he  continued  to 
write  with  bis  right  hand  till  1825,  when 
the  arm  was  broken  a  second  time,  and  be 
was  then  obliged  to  have  it  amputated  ; 
but  not  before  a  general  breaking-iip  of 
the  frame  bad  commenced,  and  the  thumb 
and  two  fingers  of  tbe  left  band  had  been 
rendered  useless.  He  afterwards  sneered 
frequently  from  ill  health,  till  his  consti^ 
tution  was  finally  undemiined  by  tbe 
anxiety  attending  on  that  most  co«tly  and 
laborious  of  all  his  works,  the  Arboretum 
Britannicum,  which  has  unfortunately  not 
yet  paid  itself.  Hit  died  at  laat  of  disease 
of  the  lungs,  after  suffering  severely  about 
three  months  ;  and  he  retained  all  the 
clearness  and  energy  of  bis  mind  to  the 
last. 

'*  His  labours  as  a  landscape-gardener 
are  too  numerous  to  be  detailed  berei 
but  that  which  he  always  considered  as 
the  most  important,  was  tbe  laying  out 
of  the  Arboretum  so  nobly  presented  by 
Joseph  Strutt,  cjq.  to  the  town  of 
Derby. 

'*  Never,  perhaps,  did  any  man  posaess 
more  energy  and  determination  than  Mr. 
Loudon  ;  whatever  be  began  be  pursued 
with  enthusiasm,  and  carried  out,  not* 
withstanding  obstacles  that  would  have 
discouraged  any  ordinary  person.  He 
%vas  a  warm  friend,  atu!  most  kind  and 
afrectionatc  in  all  his  relations  of  son, 
husband,  father,  and  brother,  and  be  never 
hesitated  to  sacrifice  pecuniary  considera- 
tions to  what  he  considered  bis  duty. 
That  be  was  ah^'ays  most  anjdoui  to  pro- 
mote the  welfare  of  gardener*,  tbe  volumes 
of  the  Gardener's  Magazine  bear  ample 
witness  ^  and  be  laboured  not  only  to  Im* 
prove  their  professional  knowledge  and  to 
increase  Ibcir  temporal  comforts,  but  to 
raise  their  moral  and  intellectual  cha« 
rmcter.**    (Gardener**  Magazine,) 


Kmmw  the  friends  of  the  writer  whose 

*^  in  its  preseiiit  melancholy 

'^neto  whoiB  be  was 


208 


more  attached  than  to  Mr.  Loudon,  and 
perhaps  none  the  loss  of  whose  society 
will  be  more  deeply  felt  by  him.  A  con- 
geniality  of  pursuits  first  led  to  their  ac- 
quaintance, which  gradually  ripened  into 
a  more  familiar  intercourse,  and  for  seve- 
ral past  years,  when  he  made  his  summer 
visits  to  the  metropolis,  one  of  the  great- 
est gratifications  he  looked  to,  was  the 
kind  hospitality  of  Mr.  Loudon's  house, 
and  a  renewal  of  those  pleasant  excur- 
sions to  various  parts  of  the  country  which 
ofiered  most  attraction  to  the  botanist, 
the  gardener,  and  the  lover  of  rural  scenery. 
At  that  time  he  often  fancied  he  heard 
the  voice  of  his  friend,  calling  on  him  in 
the  poet*s  words, 

Ti  odv  aroUis,  <f>rj(r\,  r<p  dcpci  rovry. 

It  was  at  this  genial  season  of  the  year, 
that  he  used  in  company  with  Mr. 
Loudon  to  visit  those  places  which  were 
distinguished,  either  for  their  rich  as- 
semblage  of  rare  and  splendid  plants,  the 
production  of  kinder  climates,  though  not 
unsuccessfully  transplanted  in  ours;  or 
those  to  which  an  additional  charm  was 
lent,  from  the  happy  disposition  of  the 
^[rounds,  and  the  beauty  of  the  surround- 
ing landscape.  Many  a  day — for  it  is  now 
a  melancholy  pleasure  to  recall  the  time 
^was  thus  delightfully  passed  in  examin- 
ing  the  gardens  at  bropmore,  and  its 
matchless  collection  of  coniferse, — that 
collection  which  Lord  Grenville  made  with 
enthusiastic  diligence  in  his  earlier  days, 
and  to  which  in  his  last  illness,  and  when 
no  longer  able  to  walk,  he  used  to  be 
wheeled  in  his  garden  chair,  that  he 
might  see  and  enjoy  their  progress. 
Sometimes  they  gained  access  to  the 
noble  groups  of  foreign  trees  at  Syon 
House,  which  crown  the  silver  Thames 
with  a  beauty  and  verdure  not  its  own  ; 
sometimes  the  cedar-groves  of  Chiswick 
opened  their  hospitable  gates;  or  they 
visited  the  royal  gardens  at  Windsor  and 
Kew,  and  other  places  more  remote  from 
the  metropolis.  The^  often  spent  their 
mornings  in  the  examination  of  the  col- 
lections  of  the  more  celebrated  nurseries, 
as  those  of  Messrs.  Loddiges,  Knight,  or 
JHenderson.  In  the  course  of  the  summer 
before  the  last,  they  made  an  excursion  to 
see  what  remained  of  the  celebrated 
Lord  Chatham*s  taste  and  genius  in  Uind- 
scape  gardening,  in  which  he  so  much  de- 
lighted, as  shown  in  a  small  secluded 
spot  in  Enfield  Forest,  and  where  they 
found  little  but  the  PaUadian  bridge  re- 
maining :  another  leisure  day  led  them 
into  Kent,  to  enjoy  the  fine  woodland 
walks  and  river  scenery  of  Lord  Eardley's 
aeat  at  Belvidere,  and  the  gardens  of  Mr. 
Angerstein  and  Lady  Buckinghamshire 
12 


Obituary.— s/.  C  Loudon^  Esq. 


CFeb. 


contiguous  to  it;  and  the  writer  does  not 
foi^p^et  that  at  the  former  place  Mr. Loudon 
pointed  out  to  his  attention,  that  the 
oaken  woods  in  which  they  were  walking 
at  the  time,  were  all  of  the  sessile-flow, 
ered  species ;  a  tree  so  comparatively 
rare,  as  to  be  found  with  difficulty  in  the 
collection  of  the  nurserymen.  They 
twice  visited  Lord  Famborough's  villa  at 
Bromley  Hill,  celebrated  not  only  for  its 
natural  beauties,  but  for  the  correct  taste 
with  which  those  beauties  were  heightened 
and  improved  by  its  Ute  owner ;  and  it 
was  on  this  occasion  that,  on  his  return, 
the  writer  mentioned  how  much  he  had  been 
struck  with  Mr.  Loudon's  quickness  of 
observation  and  decision  of  judgment. 
Nothing  seemed  to  escape  the  first  rapid 
glance  of  his  eye,  from  the  general  dispo- 
sition and  picturesque  arrangements  of  the 
scenery,  to  the  form  of  the  smallest  shrub, 
or  the  harmonious  arrangement  of  colours 
in  the  flowers.  Nor  were  Mr.  Loudon's 
inquiries  and  knowledge  confined  to  botany 
or  horticulture ;  he  possessed  also  a  cor- 
rect and  elegant  taste  in  architecture,  and 
a  professional  acquaintance  with  its  de- 
tails; and  he  well  knew  how  to  adjust  the 
style  of  buildings  to  the  local  character 
of  the  grounds,  and  the  general  features 
of  the  place.  The  present  writer  has  vi- 
sited many  of  the  most  celebrated  parks 
and  pleasure  grounds  that  have  been  laid 
out  or  improved  by  the  landscape  gar- 
deners of  the  present  day ;  but  he  can  say, 
with  no  unbecoming  partiality  or  preju- 
dice, that  he  considers  Mr.  Loudon's  taste 
and  knowledge  in  this  line  of  his  profes- 
sion (a  verv  favourite  one  with  him)  not 
to  have  oeen  surpassed  by  any  one. 
Whenever  an  inquiry  was  made  into  his 
reasons  for  projected  alterations,  or  as  to 
the  future  effects  he  contemplated,  his 
answer  conveyed  precise,  and  generally 
satisfactory,  information.  His  botanical 
knowledge  was  of  great  advantage  to  him 
in  this  branch  of  his  profession,  and  in  thia 
he  excelled  all  his  contemporaries,  who, 
for  the  most  part,  were  imperfectly  in- 
formed on  the  subject.  But  Mr.  Lou- 
don's studies  and  general  curiosity  were 
not  confined  to  subjects  connected  with 
his  professional  pursuits.  He  was  alive 
to  everything  of  importance  that  claimed 
thepublic  attention,  and  particularly  to  that 
which  was  connected  with  the  improve- 
ment of  the  social  state  of  the  country, 
the  condition  of  the  lower  orders,  and 
the  comfort  and  independence  of  all 
classes.  But,  while  he  advocated  strenu- 
ously and  justly  the  necessity  of  an  im. 
provement  in  the  situation  of  the  people, 
be  did  not  propose  that  it  should  be 
effected  by  an^  encroachment  of  the 
rights,  or  spoliation  of  the  property  of  the 


1644*] 


X  C.  Loudon,  Etq,--Wil!ifim  Allen,  F.RS. 


209 


I  WeftUby,  but  through  their  !«pontaneouf 
J  ■fiSiAUnce  And  j  n  strum  en  ttility ;  and  by  re- 
minditig  tbem  that  in  this  case,  if  in  any, 
their  duty  and  their  interest  went  hand  in 
band.  Though  supporting  himself  and 
family  by  arduous  and  indefatigable  ap- 
plication, it  wai  to  fiomething  far  beyond 
a  mercenary  motive  that  be  looked  for 
the  lust  und  honourable  revrard  of  his  la- 
bours :  the  acquirement  of  money  he 
leemed  to  conBideronly  valuable  as  a  ne- 
eesaary  mean^  of  support;  and,  had  he 
b«en  placed  in  happier  and  more  af- 
fluent circtimstancea,  be  would  have 
b«en  equally  ardent  in  bia  ptirsuit 
of  knowledge  for  its  own  sake.  Those 
who  knew  Mr.  Loudon  best,  will 
bear  witness  to  those  qualities  whirb  en- 
deared bim  to  bis  friends ;  to  bis  warmth 
of  heart,  bis  sensibility  and  liveliness  of 
feeling,  the  HimpUcity  of  bis  manners  and 
babit!^,  the  liberality  of  bis  judgment,  and 
his  independent  character.  To  bis  con- 
teraponiries  he  wa*  always  just ;  and  be 
never  spoke  of  Sir  W,' Hooker  or  Dr, 
Lindley  without  a  willing  acknowledge 
xoent  of  their  high  attainments,  und  their 
^eat  contributions  to  the  science  which 
they  cultivated.  Other  names  only  infe- 
rior 10  the  above  might  in  a  similur  man- 
UBi  be  mentioned  by  us  ;*  but  it  is  only 
neceasary  to  add  that  be  considered  tho«e 
who  wefe  engaged  in  studies  congenial  to 
hit  Olirn,  not  in  the  light  of  rivals  con* 
tending  for  the  public  favour  against  him- 
self, but  rather  as  fellow-labourers  in  the 
great  and  general  iield  of  science,  which 
ei|ually  required  and  rewarded  the  exer- 
tions of  all. 

And    now.  without  withdrawing    too 
widely     the     reserve     that     ought     to 
•hade    the    privacies    of    domestic   life, 
it    may   be    permitted     to    us     to    tay, 
[  ihet  Mr«  Loudon   possessed  in  bis  own 
1  hoine  alt  the  comfort  and  happiness  that 
ean  be  rationally  expected  and  enjoyed. 
Bia  great  inirmities,   which    precluded 
>  much  personal  exertion  except  that  of  vvnlk. 
ing,  were  vigilnntly  attended   Co,  and  af- 
fectionately assisted.     The   pursuits    of 
hii  family  were  congenial  to  hiii  own  ;  he 
possessed  a  well- instructed  and  intelligent 
society  around  him  ;   whatever  were  sub. 
jects  of  interest  to  him,  were  also  fell  arid 


*  The  writer  hopes  that  be  may  be 
permitted  without  impronriety  to  men. 
tion  the  nameii  of  the  following  persons 
ai^  distinguished  by  Mr.  Loudon's  just 
pniise  for  their  botiinical  knowledge. 
The  Hon.  and  Rev.  \V.  Herbert,— 
Mr.  Don  of  Kensington, — Mr,  M*Nttb 
of  Edinburgh.— Mr.  Uaxton  of  Chats- 
worth, — and  Mr.  Beaton  of  ShruhUnd* 

G»jfT.  Mao.  Vol.  XXL 


partaken  by  all ;  and  whoever  was  a  guest 
at  bis  table,  was  sure  to  be  gratiSed  by 
the  compimy  of  persons  of  superior  intelli- 
gence and  information  ;  of  naturalists,  tnu 
vellers,  men  conversant  with  literature,  or 
art,  or  science,  of  various  characters  and 
pursuits,  but  almost  all  of  attainments  that 
inspired  respect^  and  conversation  that  w^as 
listened  to  with  enjoyment.  Alter  what 
has  been  said,  it  seems  superfluous  to 
add,  how  deeply  the  writer  of  this  me- 
moir must  feel  the  loss  of  such  a  friend 
—almost  the  last  of  many  whom  he  once 
loved — and  whom  one  by  one  he  has  seea 
dropping  into  an  wn timely  grave,  Mr* 
Loudon's  remiiins  were  deposited  in  the 
cemetery  of  Kensall  Green  ;  and  the  last 
walk  but  one  in  which  the  writer  enjoyed 
his  society,  was  taken  to  this  very  spot, 
for  the  purpose  of  examining  the  arrange- 
ments of  the  institution,  and  the  disposi* 
tion  of  the  ground.  To  all  appearunce, 
or  at  least  to  common  ohservution,  Mr* 
London  was  then  in  his  u.^ual  health  nnil 
spirits  ;  the  walk  UTiS  not  a  short  one,  yet 
there  appeared  no  diminution  of  his  ac- 
tivity and  strength :  he  supported  it 
without  languor  or  wcarinc^is, — and  this 
w^as  in  the  commencement  of  the  montb 
of  July.  Little  did  the  writer  cooiem- 
plate  the  probability  of  such  an  event  as 
took  place  only  a  few  months  afterwards, 
and  which  constigned  the  remains  of  his 
friend  to  this  very  place,  while  the  print 
of  his  footsteps  was  yet  recent  on  the 
turf,  and  the  echoes  of  bii  living  voice 
seemed  hardly  to  have  died  away.  It  ia 
some  consolation  to  him*  however  slight,  to 
have  had  the  opportunity  granted  of  pub- 
licly expressing  this  opinion  of  Mr.  Lou. 
donV  character,  and  of  evincing  bis  gra* 
titude  for  having  been  permitted  for 
many  years  the  enjoyment  ol  his  friend- 
ship and  society.  And  if  this  very  im- 
perfect testimony  to  bis  merits  sbonid 
meet  the  eyes  of  one  whose  bereave- 
ment is  as  great  as  ber  aifection  and 
duty  was  sincere,  and  who  fulfilled  all 
the  claims  of  her  station  with  attention 
and  delight ;  perhaps  she  will  not  refuse 
sometimes  to  remember  her  husband's 
friend;  and  allow  him  still  to  continue 
in  the  enjoyment  of  her  society,  though 
be,  through  whom  he  was  indebted  for 
the  privilege,  is  now  no  more. 
B— A— f/.  J.  M. 

William  A LLE>?,  F.R.S. 
Dee.  30.     At  Lind field,  Sussex,  in  the 
7-i.th  year  of  hts  age,  William  Allen,  F-R.S, 
a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends. 

The  deceased   was  long  distinguished 

by  his  great  chemical  att4*inraent9,  huving 

been  an  intimate  Iriend  ot  the  late  Sir  ll. 

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::  %..».  :li::  ,..7  :be  rtiowy  af 


1844,]  Thomas  H'aikr,  Ex^^^-Slmon  Sifphenson,  Esq, 


ht 


I 

I 

I 


I 


I 


that  were  considered  in  dmiger  from  the 
iamc  illness. 

Thomas  Wallbr,  Esq. 

Nov,  29,  At  Finoe  House,  near  Bor- 
mokaiie,co,  Tip[jerar)%  Thomas  WalJcr^ 
eitq* 

TLit!i  gciUli^Tunn  lost  bis  life  in  ron- 
feequetiec  of  a  iiioE^t  violent  outrage,  of 
which  the  deciiils  are  »s  foliow,  As  be 
WHS  eeatpd  at  dinner  on  the  16th  Nov. 
eight  men  entered  tbc  bottle  by  «  back 
door,  niid,  leaving  «Fiitiiiek  betoWj  three 
o\  ibeui  entered  the  dining  room,  when 
tbey  ina mediately  ordered  the  irentkmeri 
present  to  kneel  down.  Mr.  Brndrfpll,  a 
vieitor,  seizing  a  cbair,  nibbed  ou  the 
ruffians,  and,  striking  a  pistol  levelled  by 
one  of  them  at  Mr.  VlVtler,  dispUeed  [be 
flint,  and  tliuit  rendered  the  vvoiipon  com- 
pArAtively  barrolessi.  Another  of  ibe  gong 
was  am)ed  with  a  blunderbuss,  which 
missed  fire,  1  here  then  ensued  one  of 
the  most  sharj)  and  savage  mities^  whilu 
it  lusted,  that  ever  occurred  even  in  that 
portion  of  Tipperary.  Mr.  Waller  re- 
ceived eleven  wounds  in  tlju  bend,  nnd  his 
left  arm  was  broken.  Mis.>;  Verekcr  hud 
a  cut  from  car  to  ear  at  the  baek  of  the 
head,  and  one  extending  up  ward  :4  from 
tluit  to  the  top  of  her  head.  Mrs.  Waller 
had  several  cuts,  but  was  the  least  injured. 
Mr.  Braddell  had  three  cuts  on  the  head, 
and  other  injuries,  from  bis  havingstruggled 
manfuUy  with  two  of  the  ruffiwns.  The 
instrutnents  with  which  the  wounds  were 
indicted  were  pistols,  and  n  tool  like  a 
small  billhook  for  rooting  up  tbif^tles, 
which,  being  near  Mr.  Waller,  be  bad 
taken  up  for  bis  defence.  An  aged  butter 
fotigbt  nobly  for  bis  master,  and  had  hts 
arm  nearly  broketi,  and  was  cut  about  tbc 
head.  His  mistress  struck  one  of  the 
tcrouudrels  with  a  poker,  which  was  taken 
from  her,  and  used  npon  the  old  man. 
The  alarm  bell  was  ultimately  rung  by  the 
iicrvants  below%  and  assistance  ranie  from 
the  clergyman  (Mr.  Goold)  nesr  at  band, 
when  Mr.  Waller  was  fufind  buthed  in  bis 
blood,  Mr«:.  Wiiller  insensible  in  the 
passege,  Mr.  BraddeU  in  the  hull.  Mii^s 
Vereker,  who  bad  endeavoured  to  get  up 
Titairs,  had  fallen  bead  downward,  and 
luy  feet  upwards  on  tbc  stairs  quite  in- 
sensible.  The  ruffinns  had  closed  their 
M'orkf  supporting  .Vlr.  Waller  dead  under 
the  t»ble,  by  breaking  all  the  glasses,  &c. 
ttnd  then  departed.  Tbey  bad  taken  oiT 
their  shoes  to  came  up  quietly  from  below; 
tore  away  Mr.  and  Afri*.  Waller's 
~  #a.  whirh  were  found  with  the  guard- 
'  *Hi»tp.  on  the  ground. 
*»«^kt>t,  which 
-  f»biect» 
ed, 


they  acted  as  ibej  did.  A  cbild  of  four 
yearsold  was  in  the  room,  which  they  did 
not  hurt ,'  be  got  under  the  table,  and  up 
stairs,  and  bid  himfielf.  Mr.  Omddelt  hid 
pistols  np  stairs,  and,  when  be  knocked 
down  his  fir««t  assaibint  with  a  chair,  be 
rushed  to  the  parlour  door  to  go  \i{i  for 
them,  and  was  met  by  a  second  ruffiiin  and 
grappled  with — two  of  bis  natls  on  one 
hand  wevi^  torn  ofT  by  the  struggles  be 
made.  The  hall  was  the  scene  of  this 
conflict,  The  three  inflitins  each  received 
blows  on  the  head,  and  left  marks  of  their 
blood  on  the  outside  of  the  bouse  on 
retiring. 

Fiuoe,  and  a  place  tn  the  same  direc- 
tion called  Curraghmore,  have  been  in 
bad  repute  for  many  yeitrs.  No  motives 
have  been  assign  c  I  f»>r  the  attack,  save 
that  Mr.  Waller  made  a  pa:k  where  there 
were  some  \v retched  hovels  on  tbc  land 
he  bad  purchased  and  improved.  He 
employed  numbers  of  workmen  whom  he 
paid  weekly.  Many  outrages  have  been 
from  time  to  time  committed  on  bis  Land  ; 
a  barn  was  burned,  sheep  killed,  bacon 
drying  at  tenants'  bouses  destroyed,  &c. 
but  no  outrage  olfered  to  bis  person.  Mr. 
BraddeU  is  ngent  to  an  estate  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood, and  which  has  already  lost  its 
two  former  agents  by  murder.  He  was 
at  Mr.  Waller's  by  chance. 

At  three  o'clock  on  Tuesduy  morning 
the  2l8t  Nov.  Miss  Vereker  departed 
this  life.  An  inquest  was  held,  and  the 
verdict  returned  was —  **  Died  in  con- 
sequence of  wounds  iiillictcd  by  some 
{)erson  or  persons  unknown.'*  Mr.  Wul- 
er  continued  for  some  days  in  a  very 
precarious  state,  when,  bis  friends  and 
family  confidently  looked  forward  to  his 
ultimate  recovery , the  dangerous  sym  ptoms 
baying  completely  abated  ;  but  a  very  sud- 
den change  for  the  worse  took  pldcc  on 
Wednesday  the  29th  Nov.  and  before  ibe 
close  of  evening  he  breuthed  his  last. 
The  ill-fated  gentleman  has  left  a  widow, 
(now  recovered,)  two  sons,  both  bar- 
risters, and  one  daughter,  Mr^i.  Stoney. 
His  second  son,  Mr.  John  Fraucis  Waller, 
acted  as  assesaor  at  tbc  memorable  election 
for  the  city  of  Dublin  in  Ibl-l. 


Simon  ST£rti£NSOht|  Esq. 
Jan*  J 5.  Of  Bpopleiy,  aged  90,  Simon 
Stephenson,  esq*  for  fifty  years  the 
res^>ected  vestry-clerk  of  the  parish  of  St. 
Margaret*s,  Westminster.  His  death  was 
awfully  sudden.  At  eleven  o'clock  a 
vestry  was  held  at  St.  Margaret's  Church, 
Westminster,  Mr.  Pepper  in  the  chair. 
JVIr,  Stephenson  recorded  the  names  of 
the  gentlemen  present,  and  read  the 
mioutes  of  the  lait  vestry  in  an  audible 
and  clear  voice^  and  was  in  the  act  of 


Obituary. — tf.  P.  Briggs,  Esq.  R*A. 


212 


taking  the  book  for  the  signature  of  the 
chairman,  when  he  fell  senseless,  and  in 
a  few  moments  expired  without  a  groan. 
Dr.  Todd,  Mr.  Kell,  and  several  other 
medical  gentlemen,  were  on  the  spot 
within  five  minutes,  but  their  exertions 
were  of  no  avail.  The  very  superior  way 
in  which  Mr.  Stephenson  had  for  half  a 
centuiy  discharged  the  arduous  duties  of 
his  office  had  secured  him  the  general 
esteem  not  only  of  the  select  vestry  of  St. 
Margaret*6y  but  the  parishioners  at  large ; 
and  the  absence  of  parochial  squabbles  in 
the  parish  and  its  vestry,  to  which  almost 
all  the  neighbouring  parishes  in  West- 
minster have  been  of  late  years  subject, 
is  mainly  to  be  attributed  to  the  tact  and 
good  feeling  of  their  respected  vestry  clerk. 
The  manner  in  which  Mr.  Stephenson 
had  conducted  the  numerous  charities 
which  the  bounty  of  a  more  liberal  age 
has  bequeated  to  the  parish  of  St.  Mar- 
garet's, was  highly  commendable. 

He  had  dined  at  a  select  Social  Club 
on  the  previous  Saturday,  and  observed 
that,  although  he  bad  arrived  at  80  years 
of  age,  he  never  felt  in  better  health,  with 
the  exception  of  being  rather  deaf. 

Mr.  Stephenson  oas  left  one  son, 
Edward  Stephenson,  esq.  of  Great  Queen 
Street,  and  one  daughter,  married  to  Mr. 
Bowles,  formerly  of  Abingdon. 

His  death,  though  in  a  ripe  old  age, 
will  be  genenlly  lamented  by  his  family 
and  numerous  friends. 


[Feb. 


Henry  Pearonet  Baiooa,  Esa.  R.A. 
Jan,  18.     In  Bruton-street,  aged  51, 
Henry  Perronet  Briggs,  esq.  R.A. 

Mr.  Bri^s  became  in  1814,  in  his  one- 
and-twentieth  year,  an  exhibitor  at  the 
Royal  Academy,  sending  a  male  and  a 
female  portrait — we  have  never  heard  of 
what  promise;   but,  from  the  circum- 
stance that  he  was  not,  in  the  succeeding 
year,  an  exhibitor,  it  is  evident  that  he 
was  not  over-troubled  with  commissions 
of  an^  kind.     He  soon  after  turned  his 
attention  to  history.painting,  exhibiting 
in  1R18  a  picture  of  Lord  Wake  of  Cot- 
tingham  setting  fire  to  his  castle,  to  pre- 
vent a  visit  from  Kin^  Henry  VIII.  who 
was  enamoured  of  his  wife.     This  was 
followed,  in   1819,  by  a  subject    from 
Boccaccio  :-.«*  Calandrino,  a  Florentine 
painter,  thinking  he  had  found  the  £U- 
tropia  (a  bkck  stone),  and  thereby  be- 
come  invisible,  is  pelted  home  by  his 
companions,   Bruno    and    Buffalmaco.*' 
As  his  skUl   increased,   he    sought  in 
Shakspere  for   fresh  inspiration  for  his 
pencil;  endeavouring,  in   1820,  to  em- 
Dody   a  scene    from    Henry  IV.  with 
Falsuff,  and  a  scene  from  Twelfth  Night, 
with  Sir  Toby  Belch,  Sir  Andrew  Ague. 


cheek,  and  Clown.  As  if  not  confident 
in  his  own  power  of  conception,  he  made 
Maddocks,  the  actor,  the  original  of  his 
Falstaff,  a  practice  then  too  common  even 
with  well-established  painters. 

From  1816  to  1843,  he  never  neglected 
sending  something  to  the  annual  exhibition 
of  the   Royal  Academy.     Scenes  from 
Shakspere  and  Ariosto  were  mixed  with 
subjects  from  Robertson^s  America,  the 
History  of  the  Gunpowder    Plot,  and 
Smollett's  **  Ferdinand  Count  Fathom." 
One  of  the  most  successful  of  his  Shak- 
spere pictures  is  that  favourite  subject 
with  our  painters — Othello  reUting  his 
adventures  to  the  all-attentive  Desdemona. 
Mr.  Briggs  has  not  done  full  justice  to 
his  subject,  but  still  it  is  a  good  picture. 
In  1826  he  was  elected  an  Associate  of 
the  Royal  Academy,  acquiring  that  honour 
before  both  Eastlake  and  Landseer,  who, 
though  they  started  with  him,  and  were 
outstripped  for  a  time,  soon  overtook  him 
in  gaining  the  still  higher  honour  of  be- 
coming an  R.A.  elect.     To  confirm  the 
justice  of  the  Academy  in  his  election,  he 
exhibited,  in  18S6,  a  large  picture  of  the 
First   Interview  between  the  Spaniards 
and  the   Peruvians,  a  clever  well-com- 
posed picture,  but  too  dark,  and  too  much 
in  the  manner  of  his  then  favourite  Opie  : 
it  has  been  engraved.     In  1831   he  ex- 
hibited a  large  picture,  painted  for  the 
Mechanics'  Institute  at  Hull,  in  which  he 
endeavoured  to  embody  the  Progress  of 
Civilisation  by  representing  the  Ancient 
Britons  Instructed  by  the  Romans  in  the 
Mechanical  Arts.     This  stamped  him  as 
an   historical  painter  of   high  promise; 
and,  in  1832,  he  was  elected  into  the 
Academy,  on  the  death  of  Northcote. 

Unwilling  to  risk  his  newly-acquired 
reputation,  and  feeling,  perhaps,  bis  pow- 
ers insufficient  to  make  good  the  high 
expectations  that  were  raised  about  him, 
or,  more  likely  still,  from  a  wish  to  make 
money,  he  now  devoted  his  whole  time  to 
portraiture,  swelled  out  the  catalogues  of 
the  Royal  Academv,  and  filled  his  rooms 
with  kit-kats  and  three-quarters  of  squire 
and  noble,  clerk  and  layman,  heads  of 
colleges  and  chairmen  of  qunrter-sessions. 
Lawrence  was  in  the  grave,  and  he  had 
to  run  a  race  with  Shee,  Pickersgill,  and 
Phillips.  He  began  the  race  well,  and 
has  left  us  some  very  fine  portraits.  There 
are  few  English  painted  heads  better  than 
his  three-quarter  portrait  of  Chancellor 
Eldon,  taken  the  year  before  his  Lord- 
ship died. 

One  of  his  last  great  flights  was  a  pic- 
ture representing  the  creation  of  the  pre- 
sent Earl  of  Eldon  to  the  degree  of 
D.C.L.  at  the  time  of  the  Duke  of  Wd* 
lington*8  inatallation  at  Oxford  in  IM^ 


1844.] 


Clergy  Deceased, 


213 


in  the  presence  of  bis  ftged  gnndfilber 
Che  lure  Earl  of  Eldoti. 

We  subjoin  a  list  of  a  few  of  Mr. 
Briggs's  portraite:  — L  The  first  Lord 
Teignmouth ;  2.  Sir  Satnuet  Meyrick ; 
3.  Baron  Aldersori ;  4.  T.  Powell  Box. 
Ion;  5.  Mre.  Opie ;  6,  Mrs.  Siddona 
and  MiM  Kemblej  7.  Rev,  Sydney 
Smith  ;  8.  Rev.  H.  H.  Milm«n  i  9*  Lord 
Whaiiidiffej  10.  Mr.  Planche;  11.  Mr. 
Jameson  ;  12.  Charles  Kemble  ;  13* 
Lord  Stanley  ;  14.  Duke  of  Wellington ; 
15.  Mr,  Walker^  the  engineer. — /Hhe- 
neum. 


CLERGY  DECEASED, 

Oa.  4.  The  Rev,  Wtiliam  Henry  Ro^ 
bfrit.  Rector  of  Clcwer,  Berks.  He 
wan  formerly  a  Fellow  of  King's  college, 
Camhridgef  and  graduated  B.A.  iBiy, 
M.  A.  J^i ;  and  ^vas  presented  to  Clewer 
by  Eton  college  in  1S27. 

Oct.  IS.  At  Chutmr«  in  India,  the 
Rev,  yViUiam  Bowiey,  who,  for  nearly 
30  years,  wia  one  of  the  most  active  and 
able  of  the  missionaries  of  the  Church 
Missionary  Society.  The  translation  of 
the  Bible  into  Hindee  was  entirely  hit 
workt  and  most  of  the  tracts  which  have 
iK'en  circulated  in  that  language  came 
also  from  bis  pen,  or  were  revised  and 
improved  by  him.  He  wr%  a  native  of 
India,  <md  A'bs  first  brought  forward  by 
the  late  Bishop  Corrie ;  from  that  time 
be  ever  maintained  the  highest  character, 
in  public  and  in  private. 

Nop,  22.  At  Bath,  in  his  mother's 
bouse,  aged  47,  the  Rev.  Roitert  A.  NatA, 
R«ctor  of  Hamertonr  Huntingdonshire, 
to  which  be  was  presented  in  i%2Ti. 

Not,  23.  Aged  85,  the  Rev.  Richnrd 
IVopenp^  M.  A*  upwards  of  50  mt^ 
Rector  of  Casterton  Parva,  Hiitland, 
foruR'Hy  Fellow  of  Uriel  college,  Oxtord, 
M.A,  IIW*  He  was  eminent  for  literary 
attainments,  and  evinced  a  critical  know- 
ledge of  the  Hebrew  language,  by  a  va- 
luable publication  some  twenty  yeara 
since.  Air.  Twopttiy^  corruptly  so  called, 
waa  a  native  of  Rochester,  having  been 
son  of  a  deoeaaed  Chapt«r-clerk  of  its 
cathedral  ;  descended  from  a  Flemish 
family,  of  which  the  Count  TV^iyity  is 
celebrated  in  the  annals  of  bis  country. 
In  early  life,  apprised  of  his  father's  in- 
tention to  purchase  the  next  presentation 
to  a  benefice,  Mr.  T.  with  exemplary 
self-denial,  replied,  **  It  is  u&eless,  for 
now  that  you  have  told  mo  of  it,  I  dare 
not  take  it.'^  He  was  presented  to  Cas- 
terton in  I7B3  by  the  Earl  of  Pomfret. 
He  married  a  niece  of  the  Very  Rev.  Dr. 
No  well,  author  of  **  An  Answer  to  Pietai 
Oioniensis."' 


Nov,  21,  At  Cmckenthorpe  Home, 
Lincolnshire,  aged  77,  the  Rev.  Rovt 
Bowtfead,  Vicar  of  Ulceby,  and  for 
nearly  forty  vears  Head  Master  of  the 
Grammar  School,  Caistor.  He  wai  pre- 
sented to  Ulceby  in  1818  by  the  Lord 
Chancellor, 

Nov.  27.  The  Rev,  Frederick  Thm- 
kifUt  D.D.  Vicar  of  Harmondsworth 
with  Drayton,  Middlesex,  He  was  of 
University  college.  Oxford,  M.  A,  1790k 
B.  and  D.D.  1810;  and  was  presented 
to  Harmonds worth  in  IBlO  by  H.  De 
Burgh,  esq. 

Dec,  4.  The  Rev.  Horatio  TbtPiif- 
hend  Newfmint  Curate  of  KiUbannick, 
in  the  diocese  of  Cloytie, 

Dec,  J  3,  The  Eev.  ThomaM  Dsvmn 
Lumb,  Curate  of  Methley,  Yorkshire. 
His  body  was  found  drowned  in  the  old 
river  near  $welHt>gtou  bridge,  a  wtek 
after  he  was  first  missed.  He  waa  of 
St.  John's  college,  Cambridge,  B« A.  Idl9| 
M.A.  \%22, 

Aged  5S,  the  Rev.  Thomaa  Rick^rde, 
Rector  of  leklesham,  Sussex.  He  died 
suddenly  whilst  walking  in  George -street, 
Hastings.  His  aister-in-law,  Miss  Hol- 
lingbery,  also  recently  died  very  suddenly 
in  that  town.  He  was  of  5t,  John*s  col- 
lege, Cambridge,  D.  A.  1813:  and  wai 
coikted  to  Ickleshain  in  1817  by  Du 
Buckner,  then  Bishop  of  ChicbeAter. 

Dec.  16.  TheRev./.S^rince«<Bo«?*)i, 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Admiral  Jamea 
Bo  wen  I  of  llfncombe.  He  was  ordained 
in  \\^23, 

At  Pockington,  near  Taunton,  aged 
70,  the  Rev.  George  Pyke  Duycling,  He 
waa  ton  of  the  late  John  Dowliog,  esq.  of 
Chew  Magna,  Somerset. 

At  Hayes,  Middlesex,  in  his  SOtbyear, 
the  Kzv,John  Nemiiie  Freeman^  Vicar  of 
that  parish,  to  which  he  was  instituted 
in  I7£tt. 

Dec,  IS.  At  Brecon  hou«e,  Dowlaia, 
aged  36,  the  Rev.  Daniet  Daviet, 

Dee,W*  At  Eythome,  Kent,  aged  75, 
the  Rev.  Jamei  Minet  Sayer.  He  waa 
of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1790,  as  eighth  Wrangler,  M.A.  1793, 

Dec,  2{.  Aged  73,  the  Rev.  John 
Stephens,  M.A.  of  Pullan  cottaj^e,  Mont- 
gomery, one  of  Her  Majesty's  justices  of 
the  peace  for  that  county. 

Dec,  ^.  At  Doonas  glebe,  co.  Clare, 
aged  71,  the  Rev.  Thomat  Westmpp, 
M.A.  fortweniy-one  years  Rector  uf  the 
united  parishes  of  Kiltaiilea  and  Killo- 
kennedy,  in  the  diocese  ol  Kilhiloe.  He 
bad  just  been  collated  to  the  living  of 
Doonaa,  but  waa  carried  off  suddenly  be- 
fore he  had  received  induction. 

Dec,  24.  Aged  67,  the  Rev.  WiltUm 
Dutom,  incumbent  of  Eaat  Ardaleyi  netr 


^\A 


Clergy  Deceased. 


Wakefield y  to  which  he  was  presented  in 
1806  by  the  Earl  of  Cardigan. 

Dec.  25.  At  Bath,  in  his  82d  year,  the 
Rev.  Richard  Pollard,  53  years  Perpetual 
Corate  of  Parson  Drove.  His  predeces- 
•ors  were  the  Rev.  Henry  Pujalos,  who 
died  in  1750,  aged  90,  after  being  minister 
00  years.  Next  followed  the  Rev.  John 
Dickenson:  he  officiated  40  years,  and 
died  in  1790.  He  was  succeeded  by  Mr. 
Pollard.  It  is  rather  a  singular  circum- 
■tince  that  one  church  should  be  holden 
153  years  by  three  successive  clergymen. 
Mr.  Pollard  was  of  St.  John's  college, 
Cambridge,  B. A.  1783,  M.A.  1788. 

Dec,  26.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  71,  the 
Rev.  Edmund  Bellman,  Rector  of  Hel- 
mingham  and  Pettaugb,  Suffolk.  Mr. 
Bellman  was  formerly  Fellow  of  Gonville 
and  Caius  college,  B.A.  1795,  M.A. 
1 798.  He  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of 
Pettaugh  in  the  year  1801,  by  his  early 
patron  the  late  Wilbraham  Earl  of  Dy- 
•art,  and  to  the  rectory  of  Helmiiigham, 
which  he  obtained  through  the  same  in- 
fluence,  in  the  year  1812. 

Aged  53,  the  Rev.  John  Robinson  Win* 
•tanley,  \),D,  Vicar  of  the  third  portion 
of  Hampton,  Oxfordshire.  He  was  half, 
brother  to  the  Intc  Rev.  Wm.  Bankes 
Winstanley,  Master  of  the  grammar- 
•cbool  at  Bampton,  whose  death  is  re. 
corded  in  our  Dec.  number,  p.  GOO.  The 
gentleman  now  deceased  was  presented  to 
the  third  portion  of  Bampton  in  1828. 

2>«c.  28.  The  Rev.  «.  G.  Bedford, 
M.A.  for  nineteen  years  Vicar  of  St. 
CJcorge*s  church,  Brandon  Hill,  Bristol ; 
to  which  he  was  presented  in  1824,  but 
afterwards  resigned,  and  was  succeeded 
by  the  late  Rev.  Mr.  Emra. 

Dee.  29.  At  the  rectory,  Templcmore, 
tho  Rev.  W,  A,  Holmee,  D.D.  Chancel. 
lor  of  Cashcl. 

Lately,  Aged  02,  the  Rev.  James  An» 
dnu*,  for  nine  years  ('urate  and  twenty- 
live  Incumbent  of  Whitby,  Yorkshire. 
The  living  is  in  the  gift  of  the  Archbishop 
of  York. 

At  Trcfriw,  near  Aberystwith,  the 
Rev.  Morgan  Davies,  Rector  of  Llanur. 
mon  Dyffryn  Ceiriog,  Denbighshire,  in 
the  gift  of  the  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph. 

At  Howgil),  near  badbcrgh,  Yorkshire, 
aged  48,  the  Rev.  Roger  Clifton  Hadwin, 
Ho  was  of  Christ's  college,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1819,  M.A.  1822. 

Rev.  /.  K.  Hughes,  Perpetual  Curate 
of  Llatigwstenin,  Carnarvonshire.  On  his 
return  homeward  from  Llanberris,  he  had 
a  fall  firom  his  horse  within  two  miles  of 
Conway,  by  which  bis  skull  was  so  dread- 
fully  fractured  as  to  cause  immediate 
death.  He  was  collated  to  his  church 
bj  the  Bishop  of  St.  Aaeph  in  1831. 


CPeb. 


At  Northwood,  Isle  of  Wight,  aged  87, 
the  Rev.  John  Patinuon,  many  years 
Curate  of  that  place.  He  was  of  Queen's 
college,  Oxford.  M.A.  1782. 

The  Rev.  Th<muis  Upjohn,  Rector  of 
Highbray,  Devonshire.  He  was  pre- 
sented to  the  rectory  of  Honeychurch  in 
that  county  in  1832,  and  to  Highbray,  we 
believe,  in  1836. 

In  Oxford-terrace,  Hyde  Park  (the  re- 
sidence of  his  son),  aged  87,  tbe  Rev.  FFi/- 
HamJosevh  Wdfon,  M.A. 

/an.  1.  At  High  Harrington,  near 
Whitehaven,  aged  40,  the  ifcv.  Amos 
Hill,  for  the  lust  thirteen  years  Curate  of 
St.  John's  chapel,  Hensingham.  He  was 
if  Sf'^^.oo^^^^®'  Cambridge,  B.A.  1828, 

Jan.  2.  Aged  48,  the  Rev.  Henry  Free- 
land,  Rector  of  Hasketon,  near  Wood- 
bridge.  He  was  of  Emmanuel  coUeffe 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1817;  and  was  instil 
tuted  to  Hasketon,  which  was  in  his  own 
patronage,  in  1819.  He  has  left  a  vridow, 
and  ten  children  under  fourteen  years  of 
age. 

Jan.  6.  At  Ningwood  House,  in  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  aged  69,  the  Rev.  Thomae 
Bounreman,  for  thirty-five  years  Rector 
of  Brooke  in  that  island,  which  church 
was  in  his  own  patronage. 

At  York,  aged  78,  the  Rev.  John  Gra- 
ham,  for  nearly  fifty  years  Rector  of  St. 
Saviour's  and  St.  Mary  Bishophill  Senior, 
and  Chaplain  of  the  York  County  Asy- 
lum. He  was  presented  to  the  churches 
above  mentioned  by  the  Lord  Chancellor 
in  1796. 

Jan.  7.  At  Whixall,  Salop,  the  Rev. 
John  Murray,  Incumbent  of  that  cha. 
pelry,  and  one  of  the  acting  magistrates 
for  the  county. 

Jan.  8.  At  Woodbridge,  the  Rev.  Tho- 
mas Shenton  Bomford,  Perpetual  Curate 
of  that  parish,  to  which  he  was  presented 
by  M.  C.  J.  Betham,  esq.  in  Nov.  l&il. 

At  Swansea,  aged  77,  the  Rev.  George 
Martin  Maber,  for  nearly  fifty  years  Rec- 
tor of  Merthyr  Tidvil,  co.  Glamorgan. 
He  was  of  St.  John's  college,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1788,  M.A.  1791;  and  was  pre- 
sented to  Merthyr  Tidvil  in  1795,  by  the 
Marquess  of  Bute. 

Aged  80,  tbe  Rev.  William  Powell, 
Rector  of  Shelley,  near  Hadley,  Suffolk. 
He  was  of  St.  John's  college,  Cambridge, 

B.  A.  1788,  M.A.  1794,  and  was  pre- 
sented  to  his  living  in  1B13  by  Sir  W.  B. 
Rush. 

Jan.  10.  The  Rev.  T.  Ley  son  S.  Pen- 
oyre,  of  the  Moor,  Herefordshire,  Rec- 
tor of  Llanvigan  with  Glynn,  co.  Brecon, 
to  which  he  was  presented  in  1821  by 

C.  K.  K.  Tyii*^ 
Jan.  13. 


1844] 


Obituary. 


215 


Peter  Datiet,  Master  of  the  Grammar 
School,  Carmarthen.  He  waa  author  of  a 
'*  Descriptive  and  Historical  View  of 
Derbyshire,  1811,"  8vo.  at  the  period  of 
the  publication  of  which  he  was  resident 
at  Makeney  in  that  county. 

Jan,  14..  The  Rev.  Bulkeley  WiUiams, 
Perpetual  Curate  of  Pentraeth,  Angle- 
sea.  He  was  of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1823. 

Jan,  17.  In  his  70th  year,  the  Rev. 
Henry  Charles  Hobart,  Master  of  Led- 
bury Hospitnl,  a  Canon  Residentiary  of 
Hereford,  and  Rector  of  Beer  Ferrers,  co. 
Devon.  He  was  the  only  son  of  the  late 
Hon.  Henry  Hobart,  M.P.  for  Norwich, 
by  Anne. Margaret,  dau.  of  John  Bria- 
tow,  esq.  He  was  a  nobleman  of  Christ's 
college,  Cambridge,  M.  A.  1798,  was 
presented  to  the  rectory  of  Beer  Ferrerf 
the  same  year  by  Viscount  Valletort;  was 
collated  to  the  Bi8hop*s  prebend  at  Here- 
ford in  J  819 ;  presented  to  the  vicarage  of 
Kempley,  co.  Glouc.  in  1824,  by  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  of  Hereford,  and  resigned  it 
in  1839.  He  married  in  1800  Mary,  dau. 
of  Sir  Thomas  Beauchamp- Proctor,  Bart, 
and  had  issue  two  sons,  George,  who  died 
on  the  9th  May  last,  a  Major  Scots  Greys; 
and  Charies  Hobart,  esq.  born  in  1808. 

At  Hyde-park  place  West,  in  his  70th 
▼ear,  the  Rev.  Henry  Smith,  the  senior  Pre- 
bendary of  Southwell.  He  was  the  second 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  Samuel  Smith, 
D.C.L.  Prebendary  of  Westminster.  He 
was  formeriy  a  Student  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  and  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  in 
1798.  He  was  installed  in  the  prebend 
of  North  Lcverton,  at  Southwell,  in 
1807. 

Jan.  18.  At  St.  Cleer,  Cornwall,  aged 
92,  the  Rev.  John  Jope^  for  sixty-seven 
years  Vicar  of  that  place,  and  Rector  of 
St.  Ives.  This  venerable  gentleman  was 
the  oldest  incumbent  in  the  dioce<«e  of 
Exeter.  He  was  of  St.  John's  college, 
Cambridge,  M.A.  1785.  He  was  pre- 
sented to  St.  CMecr  in  1776  by  the  Lord 
Chancellor,  and  to  St.  Ives  in  1806  by 
the  King. 

Jan.  21.  At  Croydon,  aged  70,  the 
Rev.  George  Kingston,  Rector  of  Syder- 
sterne  and  Barningham  Norwood,  Nor- 
folk. He  was  presented  to  the  latter 
church  in  1800  by  Admiral  Wyndham, 
and  to  the  former  recently  by  Samuel 
Hoare,  esq. 


DEATHS. 

LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 

Dec.  12.  At  Stoke  Newington,  Harriet, 
wife  of  Mr.  William  Smith,  Publisher,  of 
Fleet-street. 


Dec.  13.  Aged  17»  Mary-Hannah, eldett 
dau.  of  Richard  Lambert,  esq.  of  John-st. 
Bedford-row. 

Dec.  14.  At  Fairfield,  Bow-road,  aged 
55,  Robert  R.  Brown,  esq. 

In  Connaught-sq.  Major  John  William 
Pew,  late  of  the  Madras  Army. 

In  Montagu-st.  Russell- sq.  aged  SO, 
John  Henderson,  esq. 

In  Montagu-st.  the  widow  of  Charles- 
Raymond  Barker,  esq. 

In  Upper  Gower-st.  aged  68,  Elizabeth. 
Susanna,  relict  of  Lannoy  Richard  Couss- 
maker,  esq.  of  Westwood,  near  Guildford- 

At  Clapham,  Jane,  wife  of  Peter  Black- 
burn, esq. 

Dec,  15.  Aged  50,  William  Evered, 
esq.  late  of  the  firm  of  Broughton  and 
Evered,  of  Oxford-st. 

In  Charlotte- St.  Bloomsbury,  aged  55, 
Mr.  Michael  Jones,  of  her  Majesty's 
Office  of  W^oods,  Forests,  &.c. 

Dec.  16.  At  Greenwich  Hospital,  aged 
68,  Commander  Edward  Williams  (1805). 
He  obtained  his  first  commission  1796, 
served  as  Lieutenant  on  board  Nelson's 
flag-ship  at  Trafalgar;  and  was  conse- 
quently made  Commander  Dec.  34,  1805  ; 
and  appointed  Commander  of  Greenwich 
Hospital  27  Aug.  1840. 

Dec.  17.  Three  days  after  the  delivery 
of  a  still-born  son,  aged  41,  Sarah,  wife  of 
Joseph  Anderson,  esq.  of  the  Holme, 
Regent*  s- park. 

Dec,  18.  In  Bryanston-sq.  Mary,  relict 
of  Thomas  Cotton,  esq. 

Dec.  19.  Aged  67,  George  Mansfield, 
esq.  of  Oxford-terrace,  Hyde-park. 

Dec.  20.  Aged  70,  Rachel,  relict  of 
Hananel  Mendes  Da  Costa,  of  Bury-st. 
St.  Mary- Axe. 

Mary-Eliza,  wife  of  John-Thomas  Ed- 
monds, esq.  of  George-st.  Hanover-sq. 

Dec.  21.  At  Ashbumham  House,  Grove, 
Blackheath,  aged  80,  Mrs.  Richard- 
son. 

In  Kennington-lane,  Vauxhall,  aged  78, 
William  Drew,  esq, 

Dec,  23.  Aged  88,  Robert  Horn,  esq. 
of  Harleyford-pl.  Kennington-common, 
many  years  of  the  Navy  Office. 

In  Southwick-st.  Oxford-sq.  aged  SS, 
William- Lewis,  only  son  of  William 
NichoU,  esq.  M.D.  of  Ryde,  I.  W.  and 
of  Penline,  Glamorganshire. 

Jane,  eldest  surviving  dau.  of  the  late 
Thomas  Mure,  esq.  of  Warriston,  N.  B. 

Dec.  24.  In  Elm-tree-road,  Regent's- 
park,  aged  65,  John  Goodchild,  esq. 

Aged  42,  Samuel  Parkman,  eldest  son  of 
the  late  Abraham  Mann,  esq.  of  Clapham. 

Dec,  25.  In  Queen-st.  Mayfair,  aged 
81,  James  Paterson,  M.D. 

At  the  residence  of  her  reUitive,  William 
Whittem,  esq.  in  Little  Qaeen-it.  Ian- 


S16 


Obituabt. 


[Fbfa. 


€6tm*B  Inn-fieMf ,  Sarah,  wife  of  Mr.Charln 
Draper,  nirgeon,  of  Kenilwor^,  and  daa. 
of  the  late  Thomas  Webb,  esq.  of  Tid- 
dington. 

la  Moor§^te-st.  Lieat.  Benjamin  Wil- 
liam Vaoghan,  33nd  Madrss  Nat.  Inf. 
third  son  of  Archdeacon  Vanghan,  of 
Madras,  and  Woolston  House,  DcTon. 

At  Oak-cottage,  Old  Brompton,  the 
wife  of  T.  H.  H.  Canty,  esq.  H.  P.  Bour- 
bon Rifle  Reg. 

Dee.  S6.  At  Brompton,  Mary,  relict 
of  Willitm  Neale,  esq.  of  Bory-st.  St. 
James*s. 

Aged  55,  Diana,  wifeof  Mark  Williams, 
esq.  snrgeon,  of  Soley-tcrr.  Myddelton- 
sq.  Her  death  wu  accelerated  by  the 
death  of  her  only  son,  Frederick-Mark 
Williams,  Assistant  Surgeon  R.  N.,  who 
was  lost  on  board  Her  Majesty's  sloop 
Victor,  when  that  vessel  was  wrecked  in 
the  Gnlf  of  Mexico,  6th  Sept.  1843,  and 
all  bands  perished. 

Dec.  27.  Aged  63,  Charles  Frederick 
Spratlin,  esq.  of  the  Examiners'  Office, 
Rolls-yard,  Chancery-lane. 

Dec,  28.  In  Charlotte-st.  FiUroy-tq. 
aged  74,  Sarah,  widow  of  William  Lum- 
1^,  esq.  of  Sidmonth-pl. 

In  the  Tower,  aged  57.  William  Spinks, 
esq.  of  the  Ordnance  Department. 

Aged  8S,  Zachary  Langton,  Esq.  of 
Bedford-row. 

In  Mecklenburgh-sq.  aged  68,  Edward 
Eyton.  esq. 

Lately.  In  London,  Lydia,  dan.  of  the 
late  John  Cnrre,  esq.  of  Ilton-court,  Mon- 
moathsh.  and  sister  of  Mrs  Deere,  Mon- 
tague-house, Bath. 

At  Kensington-terr.  aged  74,  Eliiabeth, 
relict  of  Samuel  Fellowes.  esq.  surgeon. 

Jan.  I.  Alice-Mary:  and  on  Jam.  5. 
Julia,  the  only  children  of  George  Wood- 
ley,  esq.  of  Howland-st.  Fitsroysq. 

Jam.  ^.  In  Upper  Seymour-st.  aged 
76,  Charles  Strwart.  esq.  of  Ardsheal, 
Argyllshire,  N.  B.  male  representatire  of 
the  Stewarts  of  lx>m,  Appin,  and  Ard- 
iheal. 

Aged  61,  Richard  Burman,  esq.  of 
Whitehead's-grore.  Chebca,  and  of  the 
Eichrquer  Office,  Lincoln's-inn. 

In  York.pl.  Chelsea,  Elisabeth.Maria, 
relict  of  A.  H.  Haworth.  esq.  F.L.S. 

Jam.X  ln$loane.st.  Cheasea,aged<l. 
James- Parsons,  youngest  son  of  Oeorge 
Henning,  M.  D.  of  PiHile . 

At  Islington,  aged  48,  Mr.  Tliomas 
Higham,  a  native  of  BramAeld,  Suffolk, 
whose  talents  and  application  had  raised 
him  to  eonaiderable  diatinction  as  an  ar- 
chitectural engraver.  He  was  one  of  the 
artists  employed  in  the  great  national 
plalo,  reprnantlnff  the  Coronation  of  her 
pnient  MajMty,  In  WMtaaaMcr  Abbey, 
U 


Jam.  4.  Aged  63,  John  Robimon  Har- 
rison, esq.  of  Highbury- vale. 

In  Acton-pl.  KingslaDd-road,  aged  77, 
Joaeah  Bnllen,  esq.  43  yean  in  the  aerieo 
of  the  Bank  of  England. 

In  Grove-terr.  St.  John's  Wood,  Mn. 
Lucy  Ann  Sinclair  Sutherland. 

Jam.  5.  Aged  4?,  Anne,  vrife  of  John 
Nokes,  esq.  of  Guildford-st.  Raaaeli-iq. 

In  Golden-sq.  Rebecca-Hannah,  eldaat 
dan.  of  the  Ute  William  Clarke,  caq.  of 
Parmoor-house,  HamUedon,  fineka. 

Jam.  6.  Aged  76,  Mary,  rdict  of  Sir 
George  Hamage,  Bart.  She  vras  his  cou- 
sin, the  eldest  surviving  dan.  of  Lt-CoL 
Henry  Hamage,  of  Belliswardine,  eo. 
Salop.  ;  was  married  in  1791  to  Geoi|[o 
Blackman,  esq.  who  assumed  the  name  of 
Hamage,  and  was  created  a  Baronet  im 
18SI  :  and  vras  left  his  vridow  in  1836, 
having  had  issue  the  present  Sir  George 
Harnoge,  Capt.  R.N.  and  three  other  sona. 

Jam.  7.  In  Weymouth-st  aged  86, 
Mary,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Peregrine 
Bertie,  esq.  and  widow  of  Samuel  Lechi* 
garay,  esq. 

In  Dalston-terr.  aged  70,  J.  A.  A. 
Bames,  esq.  formerly  of  Calcutta. 

Aged  91,  John  Jones,  esq.  of  Upper 
Norton. St. 

Aged  41,  Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Gideon  Acland,  esq.  of  Camberwell. 

In  Gower.st.  aged  49,  Capt.  William 
Compton. 

Jaa.  8.  In  Chester-pl.  Kennington, 
aged  77,  William  Fowler,  esq.  late  of  tte 
Customs. 

In  Ebury-st.  aged  42,  Maria,  wife  of 
Henry  Eaton,  esq.  solicitor. 

At  Ulington,  aged  68,  Sarah,  relict  of 
Robert  Blaason,  esq. 

In  Upper  Montague-st.  Ann- Martha, 
only  dau.  of  the  late  David  Glorer,  caq. 

In  Upper  Seymonr-st.  aged49,  Charlea 
John  Middlcton,  esq.  late  of  the  Bengal 
Civil  Senioe. 

Jam.  9.  At  Peckham,  aged  83,  Jane, 
relict  ofWilliam  Boyd,  esq.  late  of  Plals* 
tow,  Bromley,  Kent. 

In  Miilbaok-st.  Westminster,  aged  54, 
David  Shuter,  esq.  scrivener. 

Jan.  11.  In  Eatonpl.  aged  60,  Capt. 
John  Bernhard  Smith,  R.N.  He  served 
as  midshipman  of  the  Hercule  74,  behig 
the  ilag  of  Rear  Adm.  J.  R.  Dacres,  on 
the  Jamaica  station,  was  made  Lieut.  1808, 
and  Commamlcr  Wl.'. 

.\t  Uimboth,  Edward  Beck,  esq.  late 
of  the  UoyaI  Art. 

•/(in.  l-/.  Robert  Spariing.  esq.  of  Ec- 
clcston>st.  l^mlico. 

At  Kensington,  aged  7 1 ,  John  Bayford, 
esq.  of  DiKtors*  Commons. 

Jam.  13.  At  Deptfoid,  aged  83,  Rich- 
ani  Uughes- 


18^4.] 


Obituary. 


217 


I 

I 


In  Belgrave'sq.  tbe  Kight  Hon*  Anne, 
Countess  dowager  of  Ckre,  Sbe  wm  the 
second  daughter  of  Richard  Chapel  Wha- 
ley,  e£H[.  was  married  in  ITBti  to  the  Rt, 
Hon.  John  Fltz- Gibbon,  aftcrwurda  first 
Earl  of  Clare,  and  Lord  High  Chancellor 
of  Ireland,  and  was  left  a  widow  in  1R02. 
Her  ladyship  leaves  issue  the  present  Earl, 
Colonel  the  Hon.  R.  H*  Fitz- Gibbon, 
Lord  Lieatenaat  of  co.  Limericli:,  and  one 
surviving  daughter,  unooarried. 

Jan,  14.  At  Kingskod,  aged  T2^  retired 
Commander  Charles  ChampiuD,  R*N. 
(1830.) 

KlizAheth,  wife  of  George  Wigg,  es<i. 
of  Mecklenburgb  esq. 

Jmi,  15.  Aged  49,  in  Westbourne-pL 
Elisabethiwifeof  Williaju  Sedgwick,  Esq. 

At  his  residence^  Judd-place  East, 
New.road,  aged  76,  William  Dodd,  esq. 

Stephen  Vertue,  esq,  of  Queen 's-sq. 
Westminster.  Alfred,  his  second  sou, 
died  o&  the  i.ith  Dec, 


ECDS.^ — Dec.  14.  At  Upper  Dean^ 
aged  «7,  Elias  Boswell  Coilett,  esq.  His 
remains  were  interred  by  the  side  of  his 
ancestors  in  Dean  Chitrcb. 

Dec,  2^.  At  Bedford,  aged  81,  Eli. 
nbeth,  widow  of  Wm.  I  sham  Eppes,  esq. 

Berks. — Jan.  14,  At  Warfravc-hill, 
Lieut.. Col.  Raymond  White,  late  of  the 
Enoiskillen  Dragoons.  He  was  appoint* 
cd  Cornet  1824,  Lieut.  1^35,  Captain 
182M,  and  Major  1838. 

Jan,H.  At  Windsor  Castle,  aged  67, 
Capt.  Thomas  Fcmyhoiaghof the 40th regt. 
of  Foot,  Governor  of  the  MilitJiry  KnighLa 
of  Windsor,  [He  died  very  suddenly 
from  dtse,a&e  of  the  heart.]  He  was 
well  known  at  the  British  Moseum  as 
a  genealogist,  and  was  much  employed  by 
William  Salt,  esq.  F.S.A.  in  fonning  his 
Suffordshire  collections.  His  body  was 
deposited  in  the  new  catacombs  at  SL 
George**  Chapel  with  full  military  ho- 
nours, 

Jan.  16.  At  Deaf  Wood,  ag«d  24,  Ca- 
tharine Mary,  eldest  dao.  of  John  Wal- 
ter, esq. 

Bucks.— Drc.  24.  At  Ameraham,  aged 
85,  John  Wellcr,  esq. 

Dtc,  29.  At  Bierton,  aged  H),  SusAnna* 
Mary,  youngest  child  of  the  late  Rev. 
John  Stevens,  Vicar  of  Swalcliffe,  Ox  on. 

Cambridgk. — Dec,  16»  At  Cambridgo, 
aged  TO,  J.  Simpson  Howlctt,  esq. 

Dfc,  22.  At  Cambridge,  aged  84,  Eli* 
jtobetb,  relict  of  the  Rev.  George  Pad  don, 
If  .A.  Vicar  of  PakeAeld. 

/flH.  1.  At  the  rectory,  Westley  Water- 
less, Emily,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Ualsted,  and  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Frederic  C.  Mortlock,  esq.  of  Cam- 
bridge, 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol,  XXL 


CffESMiREt  —  Jan,  4.  At  Dunham 
Massey,  the  scat  of  the  Earl  of  Stamford 
and  Warrington,  in  her  43rd  year,  the 
Lady  Grey  of  Groby,  She  was  Lady  Ka- 
tharine Charteria,  fourth  dau.  of  the  pre- 
sent Earl  of  Wemyss  and  March  ;  waa 
married  in  1824,  to  the  late  Lord  Grey  of 
Groby,  and  left  his  widow  in  1835,  having 
had  issue  a  daughter,  bom  in  18£5,  and 
George  Harry,  now  Lord  Grey  of  Groby, 
bora  in  1827. 

Cornwall. — JDee.  15,  At  Falmonib^ 
iiged  17 1  John,  youngest  son  of  Edward 
Clifton  Came,  esq,  and  grandson  of  the 
ktc  Wilham  Imiea  Pocock,  esq.  of  St* 
MicbaePs  bill,  Bristol. 

Lately,  At  Helston,  John  Rogers,  esq* 
Author  of  "  An ti' Popery.*' 

At  Trehsrrow,  Maria,  wife  of  the  Rev, 
Gilbert  Heatbcote. 

Jan,  4.  Aged  23,  Wilmot*Atine,  wif« 
of  George  Dennis  John,  esq.  of  Penzance^ 
to  whom  she  was  married  only  two  months 
ago* 

Dkrbt.— Dee.  25.  At  Chesterfield, 
aged  61,  Frederic  Lely,  esq.  late  of  Gran- 
tham. 

Dtc,  30.  Aged  4,  Clement  M,  Kings- 
ton, only  son  of  Clement  U.  Kingston, 
Esq.  B.A.,  Grammar  SchooU  Ashbome. 

Jan.  4.  At  the  house  of  her  late  bro- 
ther. Dr.  Forrester,  Derby,  Elizabeth, 
widow  of  Mundy  French,  esq, 

Jun,  13,  Aged  79,  Joseph  Strutt,  Esq, 
of  Derby, 

Devon. — Dec,  11.  At  the  rectory, 
Keiitisbeare,  aged  7B,  Anne,  widow  of  the 
Rev.  Wm.  Roberts,  Vice- Provost  of  Eton 
College,  and  Rector  of  Worplesdon. 

Dec.  1*).  At  Narraroore,  in  the  parish 
of  Lustleigh,  the  residence  of  bis  sister 
Mrs.  Amery,  aged  72^  Peter  Fabiam 
Sparke,  esq.  of  Asbbarton. 

Dec,  IB.  At  Stonehonse,  aged  48, 
Joseph  Taylor,  Esq,  R.N,,  eldest  sou  of 
the  late  CoL  Taylor,  of  Holt  House,  Norfc 

Dec.  23.  At  Plymouth,  aged  27»  Fran- 
ces Darracott,  second  dau.  of  Lieut. 
Thomas  Burdwood,  R,N.,  and  niece  of 
James  Pin  horn,  esq.  Secretary  to  Rear- 
Ad  m.  Thomas. 

/)ee.  21.  At  Heavitrcc,  Haniet,  fifth 
d&u*  of  the  late  John  Davte,  esq.  of 
Orleigh  Court,  and  sister  of  Joseph 
Davie  Baasett,  esq.  of  Watermouth, 

At  Heavitre«,  aged  87 1  Elizabeth,  widow 
of  Capt.  Kingdom,  l&te  of  the  94tb. 

Dec.  22.  At  St.  Thomas*  Exeter, 
aged  60,  Grace,  wife  of  Lieut,  Hewitti 
R.V. 

At  the  rectory,  Dunterton,  aged  84, 
Mary  Royse,  relict  of  the  lie  v.  W,  Royse* 

Dec.  26.     At  Seaton,  near  Airoinster, 
aged  70p  the  Rev.  Jonas  Jagger,  of  the 
Wealcyan  Methodist  Society,    It  waa  hit 
2F 


218 


Obituary. 


[Feb. 


evftom,  for  the  last  20  years,  to  astemble 
on  bia  birthday  12  old  men,  to  whom  he 
always  gave  a  subatantial  Christmas  din- 
ner. On  the  above  day,  as  usnal,  the 
anniversary  of  his  birth  and  day  of  death, 
10  old  men  assembled,  whose  ages  aver- 
aged 79  years. 

Lately,  At  Torquay,  aged  34,  John 
Warren  Howell,  esq,  surgeon  of  Bath, 
late  HonorarySecretary  of  the  Bath  Royal 
Literary  Philosophical  Institution,  and 
Corresponding  Member  of  the  London 
Botanical  and  other  learned  Societies. 

Jan.  1.  At  Barnstaple,  aged  18,  Mary- 
Ann,  wife  of  Capt.  Douglas  Curry,  R.N., 
and  only  child  of  the  late  Charles  J.  H. 
Rowe,  esq.  of  Stratford- on- A  von. 

Jan.  3.  At  Barnstaple,  in  the  house 
of  her  son-in-law,  Thomas  Hutton^  esq. 
Mrs.  Robertson,  relict  of  William  Ro- 
bertson, esq.  E.I.C.S. 

Jan.  4.  At  Tavistock,  Elizabeth,  re- 
lict of  the  late  Rev.  —  Maunder,  many 
years  since  Rector  of  Stowford. 

Jan.  5.  At  Torquay,  aged  76,  Wil- 
liam Clark,  esq. 

Jan.  9.  At  Exeter,  aged  83.  Robert 
Cornish,  esq. 

Jan.  11.  At  Alphington,  aged  26,  the 
Lady  Catharine  Caroline  Parker,  wife  of 
John  Parker,  esq.  Capt.  66th  Foot.  She 
was  the  fourth  and  youngest  daughter  of 
Henrietta-Anne  Countess  of  Rothes,  and 
aunt  of  the  present  Earl.  She  was  mar- 
ried to  Capt.  Parker  in  1841. 

Jan.  13.  Mrs.  Dalton,  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Peter  Beavis,  of  Wcrkleigh. 

Jan.  14.  George  Thomas  Ley,  esq. 
a  clerk  in  the  Public  Business  office  of  the 
House  of  Commons,  third  son  of  John 
Henry  Ley,  esq.  Chief  Clerk  of  the 
House  of  Commons,  and  Lady  Frances 
Ley,  of  Trehill. 

Jan.  16.  At  Heavitree,  aged  77,  Mary, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Tothill,  Rector  of 
Hittisleigh. 

DoRSKT. — Dec.  8.  At  Weymouth,  aged 
3  years  and  a  half.  Clarendon,  and  on  the 
Idth,  aged  5  years  and  3  months,  Joseph 
Derwent,  sons  of  Dr.  Allanby,  M.D. 

Dec.  V3.  At  Weymouth,  aged  61, 
William  Heath,  esq.  He  was  the  last 
Mayor  under  the  old  Corporation,  and  has 
ever  since  acted  as  a  borough  magistrate. 

Dec.  S6.  At  Child  Okt-ford,  Louisa, 
rtlict  of  the  Rev.  John  Davis,  Vicar  of 
Ceme  Abbas,  and  sister  of  the  late  H. 
Ker  Seymour,  esq.  of  llanford  House. 

Lately.  At  Poole,  aged  105,  Mrs. 
Alexander. 

Jan.  3.  At  Weymouth,  aged  74,  Mrs. 
Ann  Harbin. 

Emskx.— Dec.  23.  At  Great  Ilford, 
aged  41,  Sarah,  wife  of  William  Hasle* 
huTkt,  esq. 


Jan.  1.  At  the  rectory,  Stock,  Ma- 
rianna,  eldest  dau.  of  the  lata  John  Edison, 
esq.  of  Kensington. sq. 

Jan,  9.  Aged  47,  Anne-Maria,  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  John  Bygrave,  esq.  of 
Danbury. 

Jan,  3.  At  Walthamstow,  affed  86, 
Richenda,  relict  of  Thomas  How  Master- 
man,  esq.  of  Keston,  Kent. 

At  WestThurrock,  Louisa,  second  dao. 
of  A.  W.  Skinner,  esq. 

Jan.  9,  Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  James 
Windus,  esq.  of  Epping. 

Jan,  13.  Aged  51,  Sarah,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  S.  F.  Rippingall,  of  Langham. 

Gloucester. — Dec,  8.  At  the  house 
of  her  dau.  at  Downend,  near  Bristol,  in 
her  96th  year,  Anne,  widow  of  the  Rer. 
Christopher  Haynes,  Rector  of  Siston. 

Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  James,  esq.  of 
Highfield  House,  near  Lydney. 

Dec.  13.  At  Thombury,  aged  66,  Mrs. 
Macdonell,  relict  of  Major  James  Mac- 
donell,  and  dau.  of  the  late  S.  Woodfield, 
esq. 

Dec.  19.  At  her  grandfather's,  S.  P. 
Peach,  esq.  Tockington,  aged  18,  Emma- 
Atbol,  only  dau.  of  John  Murray  Aynsley, 
esq. 

At  Redland,  aged  16,  John,  second  son 
of  Philip  Vanghan,  esq. 

Dec.  22.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  35, 
Arthur  Frankland,  esq. 

At  Bristol,  aged  43,  Mr.  William 
Prichard,  Secretary  to  the  Bristol  Union 
Fire-office.  He  had  for  some  time  past 
laboured  under  great  mental  depression, 
and  destroyed  himself  by  taking  a  quantity 
of  hydrocyanic  acid.  He  has  left  a  widow 
and  six  children.     Verdict,  *'  Insanity.*' 

Dec.  31.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  60, 
Lieut.. Col.  Cyprian  Bridge,  on  the  re- 
tired full-pay  of  the  Royal  Artillery. 

Lately.  At  Clifton,  Caroline,  widow 
of  J.  A'hmuty,  esq.  of  the  Bengal  Ciril 
Service. 

At  Bristol,  Mrs.  Foy,  mother  of  Mr. 
Foy,  the  Comedian,  and  of  Mrs.  Warren, 
Pianist  and  Vocalist,  of  Portsea. 

Jan.  1 .  At  Cheltenham,  Susanna,  wife 
of  T.  King  Stephens,  esq.  of  Greenfields, 
near  Presteign,  and  dau.  of  the  late  Wil- 
liam Davies,  esq.  of  Little  Strawberry- 
hill,' Middlesex. 

Jan.  7.  At  Cheltenham,  Julia  Wilkin- 
son,  wife  of  Thomas  Allport,  esq. 

Jan.  13.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  54, 
Marianne,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.- 
Col.  Aubrey. 

Hants. — Dec.  14.  At  Winchester, 
aged  15,  Henry-Peers  Trotman,  second 
son  of  the  Rev.  Fiennes  Trotman,  of 
DallinKton. 

At  Winchester,  Robert-Lewis,  youngest 
son  of  the  late  James  Inglis,  esq.  of  Nor- 


1844.]. 


Obituary. 


S19 


wood,  Surrey,  and  grandson  of  the  late 
William  Mason,  esq.  of  Colchester. 

Dec,  15.  At  Lymington,  aged  18,  Hen* 
rietta,  wife  of  Grisorge  F.  St.  Barbe,  esq. 
and  dan.  of  Col.  Cleafeland,  R.A.  of 
Woolwich. 

Dee,  SO.  In  Cold  Harbour,  Gosport, 
aged  4G,  Walter  Toby,  esq.  Commander 
R.N.  (1840.) 

Dee,  87.  At  Sydney  Lodge,  near  South- 
ampton, in  her  77th  year,  the  Most  Hon. 
Urania -Anne  dowager  Marchioness  of 
Clanricarde,  only  sister  of  the  late  Mar- 
quess of  Winchester.  She  was  the  daugh- 
ter of  George  twelfth  Marquess  of  Win- 
chester, by  Martha,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Ingoldsby,  esq. ;  was  married  first  in 
1785  to  Henry  twelfth  Earl  and  first 
Marquess  of  Clanricarde,  who  died  with- 
out issue  in  1797 ;  secondly,  in  1799t 
to  Colonel  Peter  Kington,  who  was 
killed  at  Buenos  Ayres  in  1807 ;  and 
thirdly,  in  1813,  to  Vice-Adm.  the  Hon. 
Sir  Joseph  Sydney  Yorke,  K.C.B.  father 
(by  a  former  marriage)  of  the  present 
Earl  of  Hardwicke.  Sir  Joseph  was  un- 
fortunately drowned  by  the  upsetting  of  a 
boat  in  the  Southampton  water,  on  the 
5th  May,  1831. 

Lately,  At  Christchurch,  George-Mar- 
tin Kemp,  only  son  of  George  Kemp 
Welsh,  esq. 

At  Anglesea  Villa,  aged  86,  Grace,  re- 
lict of  Adm.  Lobb. 

At  Southampton,  aged  68,  Sarah,  wi- 
dow of  H.  Best,  esq.  of  Bo tleigh -grange. 

Jan,  4 .  At  Bevis  Hill,  Southampton, 
aged  66,  Mrs.  Hack,  well  known  as  the 
writer  of  books  for  young  people. 

Jan,  2.  At  Lymington,  aged  18, 
Henry- Worsley,  eldest  son  of  Major- 
Gen.  H.  T.  Roberts,  C.B.,  of  Milford 
Lodge,  near  Lymington. 

Jan,  13.  At  Lake,  in  the  Isle  of 
Wight,  aged  47,  Lieut.  J.  H.  Peel,  R.N. 

Jan,  15.  At  Merston  Cottage,  I.  W, 
W.  J.  Beckingsale,  esq.  aged  67,  for 
many  years  a  respectable  inhabitant  of 
Salisbury. 

Herts.— Dec.  16.  At  St.  Alban's, 
aged  84,  Margaret,  reUct  of  W.  Wade, 
B.D.  Rector  of  Lilly,  Herts,  and  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  W^alter  Serocold,  of 
Cherry  Hinton,  Cambridgeshire. 

Dee,  20.  At  Twyford  House,  aged 
85,  Mrs.  Sophia  Williams,  late  of  Is- 
lington. 

Jan,  3.  At  Abbot's  Langley,  Edmund, 
only  sunriving  son  of  the  Rev.  W.  Lewis. 

Jan,  5.  At  Leavesden,  aged  83,  Sa- 
muel Ward,  esq.  * 

Jan,  16.  At  Bohun  Lodge,  East  Bar- 
net,  aged  47*  George  Knott,  esq.  of  the 
ilrm  of  Booth,  Ingledew,  and  Knott,  of 
Upper  Thames- street. 


Hkrkford.— At  Leominster,  aged  79» 
Philip  Derry,  esq. 

HoNTiNGooN. — Dee,  33.  Aged  48, 
Charles,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Charles 
Blood  worth,  esq.  of  Kimbolton. 

Dec,  S4.  Aged  19,  Owsley  Bickerton 
Rowley,  second  son  of  George  William 
Rowley,  esq.  of  the  Priory,  St.  Neot*s. 

Kbnt. — Dee.  15.  At  Maidstone,  aged 
53,  Charles  William  Parrell,  esq. 

Dec,  n.  Henry,  youngest  son  of 
Fulke  Greville,  esq.  of  Walmer. 

Dee,  l.Q.  At  Lewisham-hill,  aged  9, 
Mary,  dau.  of  William  Mortimer,  esq. 

Dec  22.  Aged  28,  Augustus  Frederick 
Bromley,  of  Meopham,  youngest  son  of 
the  late  Samuel  Bromley,  esq.  surgeon 
R.N. 

Jan,  5.  Aged  46,  Rebecca,  wife  of  Mr. 
George  Walker,  surgeon,  of  Sheemess, 
and  dau.  of  the  late  John  Swift,  esq.  of 
Borstal  Hall. 

At  Tunbridge  Wells,  Sibella,  relict  of 
William  Wilkinson,  esq.  late  of  Well 
House,  Streatham. 

Jan,  11.  At  Tunbridge  Wells,  aged  56, 
Elisabeth,  relict  of  Thomas  Harrison 
Burder,  esq.  M.D. 

Lancaster.  —  Dec,  14.  Aged  60, 
Bulkely  Price,  esq.  of  Withington,  near 
Manchester. 

Dec,  92,  At  Golden-hill,  Chorley, 
John  Silvester,  esq.  eldest  son  of  the  late 
Col.  Silvester,  of  Chorley. 

Jan,  3.  At  Liverpool,  William  Cator, 
esq. 

Jan,  6.  At  Beech-hill,  near  Manches- 
ter, aged  53,  John  Edward  Taylor,  esq. 
Proprietor  of  the  **  Manchester  Guar- 
dian." 

Leicester. — Dee,  16.  At  Ashby  de 
la  Zonch,  aged  81,  Catharine,  only  dau. 
of  the  late  Rev.  Richard  Tillard,  M.A. 
Vicar  of  Wirksworth,  Derbyshire,  and 
relict  of  the  Rev.  Joshua  Smith,  B.D. 
late  Rector  of  Holt,  Norfolk. 

Middlesex.— Dec.  17.  Aged  84,  John 
Foster,  esq.  of  Enfield. 

Dec,  20,  At  Chalk-hill  House,  Kings- 
bury,  aged  53,  Augustus,  eldest  son  of 
Augustus  Manning,  esq. 

Jan,  12.  At  Great  Ealing,  Sarah,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Meyrick  Feild,  esq.  of 
Evesham. 

Monmouth.— Dec.  26.  At  Pontne- 
wydd,  near  Newport,  Jane,  dau.  of  the 
late  George  Conway,  esq.  Pontnewydd 
Tin  works, 

Norfolk. — Dec,  10.  At  Lynn  Regis, 
Rosa,  fourth  dau.  of  the  Lite  Rev.  R.  Bat- 
hurst,  and  grand-dau.  of  the  late  Bishop 
of  Norwich. 

Jan,  3,  AtNewCatton,aged36,  John, 
eldest  son  of  J.  B.  Nettleship,  esq.  of 
Hingham. 


220 


Obitcakv. 


[Feb. 


NomrnAiiPTOif.— *Yor.  8.  At  the  vi- 
range,  \VeIfonl»  aged  69,  Jonmtban 
^'ilkes,  esq.  late  of  St.  Ann*«,  Barley, 
near  Leeds. 

Dec.  17*  At  Northampton,  aged  83, 
Mrs.  Peach,  relict  of  Samuel  Peach,  esq. 
Notts.— Dec.  ^5.  At  Newark,  agMl 
&},  Mrs.  Mary  Pennell,  niece  of  the  late 
Rer.  Davies  Pennell,  formerly  Vicar  and 
Master  of  the  Free  Grammar  School  of 
that  town. 

OxroKD.— Dec.  0.  Aged  (>6,  Mary, 
relict  of  the  Rer.  William  Woolstone,  at 
Adderbary. 

Salop.— Dec.  1.%.  At  Onslow  Hall, 
aged  14.  John,  eldest  son  of  the  Re^'. 
Charles  W'ingficld.  Vicar  of  Llanllwch- 
aiara,  Montgomeryshire,  and  nephew 
to  Col.  Wingfield.  of  the  former  place. 

Dee.  ilti.  At  Whitchurch,  af;rd  *>*), 
Hannah,  relict  of  Willioui  Hunt,  cm].  of 
the  Brades.  Stafford>hirc. 

Dee.  .)0.  At  the  Isle  House,  near 
Shrewsbury,  the  wife  of  the  Uev.  Hum- 
phrey Sandfonl.  and  the  only  child  of  the 
late  Rer.  Gcoree  Holland. 

SoMcasET.— />c.  10.  At  Bath.  Robert 
Brooke.  e$q.  late  of  the  Bengal  Civil  Ser- 
Tii*e. 

Dee.  U.  At  Weston-super-Mare.  Han- 
nah. elde»t  dau.  of  the  late  John  Pro- 
theroe.  esq.  of  Clifton. 

Dec.  lit.  At  Bath.  aged»«0,  the  widow 
of  Christopher  William  jrrine.  esq.  of  the 
Island  of  Tobago,  r.nd  l.an$down -cres- 
cent. Bath. 

At  Bath.  Charles  Henry  Hardy.  M.D. 
former U  of  Brasenose  College,  Oiford. 
M.A.  l>13.  Fellow  of  the  Royal  College 
of  l^y>icians.  and  for  many  }CAn  PhyM- 
cian  tit  the  Bath  I'nitcd  Ho»pitaK 

Dee.  IT.  At  Weston -su|«er-Marv,  aged 
47,  Harriet. PtV»le.  wife  of  John  Howell 
Cook,  e»q.  and  y^Hincesi  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Wollen.  Vii-ar  oV  Bridgwater. 

/Vr.  CI.  .\l  Haselhury.  near  Crew- 
keme.a^ed  4.  Jamrs>B<-thunc,  t^onof  the 
Rer.  Frederic  PusautOT. 

Dfv.  ::.  At  Bath,  aieed  77.  Mary-.\n. 
Ionia,  relit^t  of  Samuel  Palmer,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Cohton.  IV^on.  and  youni^ntt 
dau.  of  the  late  Matthew  S|vnoer.  'c*%\. 
of  Hor»ington,  in  thi»^^)unty, 

Dt\\  ::^,  \t  Widtvml»c,*  B:ilh.  John 
Mowatt  W(V>dward.  e««{.  rlde»t  M«n  of  the 
ble  Christopher  Richard  W ixvl «  arxl .  esq. 
of  KinjnKlown.  Bitstol. 

Dec.  CS.  At  Bath,  the  «idow  of  Col. 
IViTis^tn. 

Dec.  M.  M  Minehe««l.  agtsl  4\\MarT* 
Ann,  r^lii^  of  Che  Re^.  H.  K.  Cainphcil. 
Curate  of  l.ang^«ul  Bndxille. 

Jmi.  .i.  .\t  Bishop'p  Hull,  near  Taun- 
ton, afr4  VI,  Kllen,  third  dau.  of  the  Ret. 
Pr.Stani^, 


STAFFono.— Dee.  13.  At  Sedgtey, 
aged  22,  Charles  Chew  Smith,  organiat, 
son  of  Samuel  Smith,  and  nephew  of  tba 
late  Rev.  Charles  Chew,  Vicar  of  Lock- 
ington  and  Kegworth,  Leiceatenhire. 

Dec.  23.  At  Longden  Green,  near 
Lichfield,  aged  83,  Thos.  IVebb,  eaq.  emi- 
nent as  a  medal  engraTcr. 

Jan.  1.  At  Wolrerhampton,  Mary 
Anne,  wife  of  William  Bamfather,  eaq.  and 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  Sanndert,  of 
Stratford-npon-ATon. 

Jan.  5.  At  Bramshall  rectory,  aged 
76,  Sarah  Young,  relict  of  the  Rer.  John 
Seagrare,  late  Rector  of  Caatle  Aahby, 
Northamptonshire. 

$i-FFOi.K. — Dee.  31.  At  Framlingbam, 
in  her  2:?d  year,  Ellen-Josephine,  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  Joseph  Hammond, 
esq.  of  Pettistree. 

Sraacv.— Dee.  2?.  At  Sutton,  aged 
37.  Capt.  W.  F.  Dn  Pasquier,  of  the  Ma- 
dras Arinr.  

Dec.  '.M.  At  Streatham.  aged  86,  WO- 
liam  Land.  esq.  formerly  of  Greenwicfav 
Kent. 

Dec.  '.'(!.  At  Rtc.  aged  81,  Anne,  relict 
of  Rev.  Wm.  Jacicson. 

Dec.  C7.  In  Ikunes  terrace,  Jane,  wife 
of  Edward  William  Cooke,  and  dau.  of 
George  l^diges,  esq.  of  Hackney. 

Jan.  3.  Aged  t>4.  Edward  ColfiJl  EdHn, 
esq.  of  Stanley-grOTe,  Mortlake. 

Jan.  12.  At  Orove  Houae»  Ham,  aged 
67.  William  Beebe.  esq. 

Jan.  \^.  At  Richmond,  aged  76,  re- 
tired   Commander    John  Gnyon,   R.M. 

Jan.  U>.  At  Thomcroft,  near  Letlicr* 
head,  aced  -1.  Col.  Drinkwater  Bctiinne. 

At  OoTdon.  at  the  residence  of  Mr. 
C.e«i.  PcnMJ.  a<ed  74.  Elizabeth,  relicC 
of  Rev.  James  Wykes.  Rector  of  Easel- 
bffch.  Northamp!on. 

Sisscx.— Dfi-.  I.\  At  Brighton,  agad 
t»-.  l'*hcr  li-anrille  Dovle.  esq. 

DeK'  i:v  At  Brighton,  aged  ^,  Ed- 
war\l-Knatt*hbulI.  youngest  son  of  John 
Brcuohley.  esq.  of*  Wanlisc  How,  Wcit- 
morland. 

Dec.  Ir.  A:  the  residence  of  hit  lOD, 
in  l^«es.  aced  £>7.  John  Laagford,  c«|. 
late  of  E.%st bourse. 

IV.\  >:4.  At  St.  Ijeonard's-on-Sei, 
a^ed  :i.  Fmnra.  <Iiest  dau.  of  Gcoifa 
Baittclot.  esq.  of  Stopham  House. 

Jan,  S.  At  Br.i:hion.  Mrs.  Cathariae 
Vane,  el.lcst  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  Liond 
Wn$ht  Fletcher  Vase.  Bart,  of  Huttou- 
hall.  l^umberland. 

Jjin.  i:.  At  Ma^.hn^IVaceiT.  Lewci, 
acr^l  t«-:.  Lucy.  dau.  of  the  Utc' Timothy 
Ratkrs.  esq.  o!  S:.  IVlerpbcrg. 

.tan.  \,s.  \x  Bnjrht.-^.  Mary,  wife  of 
the  late  Slr|^a  Jaiees  ^Kitb,  cs^. 


18440 


OaiTCARY, 


221 


I 
I 


I 


At  North iatn,  aged  Tfi,  Mr.  Gfi^rge 
Bisbopp.  This  much  reipccted  gentle- 
man  aod  hts  ancestors  have  inherited,  and 
coDAtaDtty  rcjided  upon,  an  estate  at  Nor- 
thiam  during  the  la^t  three  centuries. 

Aged  7 1 ,  WilUam  Scrivenfl,  esq.  banker, 
Hastings. 

Warwick, — Dta.  21.  At  Leaming- 
ton, Bolton  Peel,  esq.  of  Dosthill  Lodge, 
near  Tam worth. 

At  the  house  of  her  son-in-law,  the 
RcT.  S,  Crowther,  Knowle,  aged  81,  Hes* 
ter,  relict  of  the  Rev.  R.  W.  Yates,  of 
the  Etms,  Solihull,  and  only  ehiki  of  the 
late  Rev.  Dr.  Biirnurdiston,  Master  of 
Corpus  Christ!  College^  Cambridge. 

Dw.  24,  At  Leans  in  gtcm,  aged  2G, 
Edwmrd,  eldest  survifing  son  of  the  late 
Thomas  Crookenden,  esq.  of  Rushford- 
lodge,  Suffolk,  formerly  of  Trinity-coll. 
Camb. 

Dec,   35,      At    Birmingham,  Thomas 
A.  S.  Stocker,  esq,  M,D,  late  of  Ludlow. 
Jan,  10,     At  Leamington,  Mrs.  Symp- 
son,  wife  of  Robert  Sympson,  esq. 

WesTUO  ALAND. —  Dtc.  123.  At  Ing- 
mire  Hall,  Kendal,  Thomas  Upton^  esq, 
nephew  and  heir-at-law  of  Sir  John 
Smyth,  Bart,  of  Ashton. 

WW.TS.— />ec.  l.>.— Ill  his  88th  year, 
John  NeAte,  esq.  for  nearly  30  years  de- 
puty high  steward  of  the  h^^rough  of 
Malmesbury. 

Dec,  27.  At  Salisbury,  aged  89,  James 
Sutton,  esq.  a  magistrate,  senior  alderman 
of  the  Ute  Corporation,  and  a  member  of 
the  present  Town  Council. 

WoBCTtSTER,  —  Dee.  19.  Aged  h'2f 
Anne,  wife  of  John  Gotdinghami  esq. 
of  Worcester, 

Lately.  At  Mahern  Wells,  Harriet, 
youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Thos.  Berring- 
too,  esq.  of  Wlnsley,  HerefordHhire. 

At  Worcester,  Susanna,  wife  of  the 
late  Stephen  God.son,  esq,  and  youngest 
dau*  of  the  late  R.  Cokcr,  esq.  of  Map- 
powder,  Dorset. 

Jan,  T.  At  Worcester,  Robert  Hull- 
burton,  esq.  only  surviving  son  of  the  late 
Gen.  Ualibfirton,  of  the  Madras  estab- 
lishment, 

Jan.  9.  At  Hartlebury,  aged  5S,  Geo. 
Lewis,  eaq. 

York.— i>ec,  J  3.  At  Do ncaster,  Fran- 
ces-Elizabeth, widow  of  the  Rev.  John 
Raraaden,  Vicar  of  Arksey,  who  died  lu 
1807,  and  slater  to  Sir  Wm.  B.  Cooke, 
Bart.  She  was  the  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Sir  George  Cooke,  Birt.  of  Wheatley,  by 
Frances,  dau.  of  Sir  John  Lambert  Mid- 
dletoD,  Bart. 

Dec.  IB*  At  the  vicarage,  Onnesby, 
the  residence  of  her  son-in-law,  the  Rcy. 
Thomas  Irvin,  aged  6p,  Phcbe  Uayes, 
wife  of  Capt.  George  Hayes,  R.N. 


Dec  2(i.  At  Bishoi>hlll,  York,  aged  ?3, 
Stephen  Beck  with,  esq.  M.D,  He  gra- 
duated in  1798,  Dr.  Beckwith  bos  be- 
queathed above  40,000/.  to  the  charitable 
instltutious  of  York. 

Ir/i/e/y,  At  Sheffield,  aged  109,  Mrs. 
Gray,  of  BelVs-gardens. 

Wales, — Dec,  10,  Morris  Jones,  esq* 
of  the  Gunrog,  near  Welshpool,  Mayor 
of  that  borough. 

Bee.  17*  Aged  48,  Mory-Fraoces-Fortl; 
wife  of  the  Rev,  Henry  Jones,  Vicar  of 
Northop,  Flintshire. 

/Jee.  \ii.  At  St.  Asaph,  aged  63, 
Richard  Rohert  Jones,  better  known  in 
the  Principality  as  Dick  of  Aberdarou, 
the  eelehrnled  Welsh  linernist.  He  was 
well  kfioitya  to  the  generality  of  the  public 
from  the  peculiarities  of  his  pergonal 
appearance,  but  more  favourably  to  the 
literary  portion  of  England  in  general, 
by  the  estent  of  his  acquirements  in  the 
ancient  and  modem  languages.  He  was 
fortunate  in  Iiaving  for  the  chronicler  of 
a  certain  portion  of  his  life,  of  his  attain* 
mentj,  and  his  peculiarities,  the  author 
of  the  life  of  Lorenzo  de  Medicis,  whose 
biographical  sketch  of  him  will  now  be 
referred  to  with  much  interest. 

Dee.  26.  At  Park-hill,  near  Beaumaris, 
Isleof  Aoglesea,  Ehiabeth-Susanna,  third 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Robert  Williams, 
Rector  of  Beaumaris  aod  Llandegfan. 

Laieitf,  At  Swansea,  Thomas  Thomas, 
esq.  solicitor,  aged  53 ,  Recorder  and  Town- 
clerk  for  the  borough  of  Swansea,  and 
coroner  for  the  county  of  Glamorgan. 

At  Brecon,  aged  7.9,  Hester,  relict  of 
Rev.  Wm.  Williams,  Rector  of  IJyswen, 
Brecknockshire. 

Scotland.— iVof.  29.  At  the  Goynd, 
near  Arbroath,  aged  70,  John  Ouchter- 
lony,  esq.  of  the  Gnynd  and  Tulloes. 

Dec.  13.  At  Inverness,  Major  John 
Barclay,  of  the  Hon.  East  India  Com* 
pany^s  4th  Bengal  Light  Cavalry, 

At  Haughend,  near  Dnnkeld,  Mungo 
Murray,  esq. 

In  Coatcs' -crescent,  Edinburgh,  aged 
71,  John  William  Norrie,  esq.  Author  of 
"  A  Complete  Epitome  of  Practical  Navi- 
gation,*' &c. 

/on.  3.  At  Bath  House,  Ardrossan, 
aged  78,  Mrs.  Mary  Fisher,  dau.  of  the 
late  Alexander  Fisher,  esq.  and  relict  of 
Charles  Macintosh,  esq,  of  Campsie  and 
Dunchattan,  F,R*S,  London. 

Jan.  d.  In  Howe-st.  Edinburgh,  aged 
73,  Robert  Freebaira,  esq. 

Ireland.  —  Dec.  20,  At  Dnblin, 
Eli«abeth,  wife  of  CoL  Mnnro,  Royal 
Art. 

Dee,  :H  ,  A  t  Clonagath ,  Kildare ,  Ann  a 
Beaamont,  wife  of  Weldon  Deverell,  esq, 
and  dau.  of  \^''olfendeD  Kenny,  esq. 


223 


OBrrUABV. 


[Feb. 


At  Tftrbert  (Lower  Shtnoon) » on  board 
the  Fox  frigate,  to  which  Im  wu  attached 
as  mid  ship  mm,  Mr  fiuUeel,  son  of  John 
C  BuUeel,  eiq.  grandsoa  of  Earl  Grey, 
Fleet  House,  Devon. 

Jjoiei^*  In  DubliDt  Arthur  Huxiie» 
esq.  late  Teller  of  Her  Mi^eft^'e  Eit- 
chequer. 

Jan.  10.  At  Dunany  HooM*  aged  81 1 
Prances  Lady  BelLiDgham. 

East  Ikdibs.— ^m^.  i6.  At  Singa- 
pore, aged  24,  Capt.  William  Mao. 

Oct.  14.  At  UmbalLahT  on  his  march 
from  Benares  to  Scinde,  aged  \6,  J. 
Gideon  Jenkins,  Ensign  in  tlie  55th  Reg. 
of  Native  luf*  eldest  son.  of  J.  G.  Jen- 
IclnSp  esc).  of  Radwaj,  Sidmouth. 

Oct,  17*  At  Dacca,  Bengal,  Robert 
BarclA]r  Dimoazii  esq.  surgeon,  49th  Na* 
tire  Inf. 

Oci.  30.  At  Calcutta,  aged  25.  W.  A. 
Tongue p  esq.  of  lOtU  foot,  eldest  son  of 
William  Tongue,  esq.  of  Conibesford  Hall, 
Staflordsbire* 

No9,  L  At  Calcutta,  aged  '21,  Lieut. 
Samuel  Edward  Soejd,  of  the  Bengal 
Eog.  fourth  son  of  tb«  late  Major  Ralph 
Henry  Snejd,  of  the  Bengal  Cavalry. 

Nov.  5.  At  Sttkkur,  in  Scinde,  aged 
96,  W^illiam  Eilice  Pollard,  esq.  of  the 
Bengal  Medical  Serrioei  son  of  the  Rev. 
J.  PoUard,  Rector  of  Bennington,  Hcrtt. 

Nqv*  13.  At  the  Nilgberhes,  Samuel 
StokeSf  esq,  surgeon  Madras  European 

At  Hyderabad,  aged  39,  M,  T.  Chatter, 
ton,  esq.  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  3d  reg. 
of  Light  Cavalry,  Hon,  East  India  Com- 

Eany's  8ervioe,  and  second  sou  of  the 
iU  Mr«  Ricbard  Chatterton,  of  Bath. 

JVotr,  14.  At  Kurnool,  Eliza  Scarlett, 
wife  of  WUliara  C.  Rich,  esq.  46th  Regt. 
of  Madras  Nat.  Inf.  and  dau.  of  John 
Robert  Henry  Jackson,  esq.  of  Swallow* 
^Id-fiL  near  WeUlufton,  Soiotnefesliire. 

Nov.  17.  At  Bolliry,  iged  S6,  Tbo- 
mas  Alexander  Turquand,  Lkot.  Quarter- 
master and  Interpreter  of  the  M  Regt.  of 
Madras  Light  lof.  He  waa  the  only  son 
of  the  late  Cammisairy^General. 

No9.  U,  At  Agra,  aged  37,  EHen, 
wife  of  Capt.  Phjlip  Harris,  of  the  7Uth 
Ri«t.  Bengal  Nat.  W.  eldest  dau.  of  the 
litie  Thomas  Blair,  eaq.  of  Lucan,  Dublin. 

WKrr  Inoiss.~JV«v.  «j.  At  Fal- 
miwtli.  Jamaica,  Mr.  WiUiam  Dyer,  for 
mmj  years  editor  of  the  Jamaka  Corn* 
wall  CoorMirf  and  son  of  tbe  late  Robert 
Dyer»  esq.  mercbant,  BrUtol, 

AaaoAii.  —  /utp  ,, ,  At  Addatdc, 
8<»uik  AustraUa,  eged  46,  Charlei  Fk«d«. 
riek  Burton,  solicitor,  son  of  the  Rev* 
Charles  Burton,  Hector  of  BladignryelM, 
Nortbamptoosb*  aad  Vicar  of 


Julft  19.  At  Wellington,  New  Zea- 
land,  George  Hunter,  esq.  Major  o(  that 
settlement,  late  merchant  of  London. 

Aug.  S4.  At  Bagdad^  on  board  the 
Hon.  East  India  Company*!  steam  ree- 
sel  the  Nitoeris,  aged  32,  George  Augus- 
tus Frederick  Danvers,  esq.  late  first 
Lieut,  of  the  PorUmouth  DivirioD  of 
Royal  Marines. 

Si^pt,  2.  At  Hong  Kong,  Francis  R. 
Foote,  Esq.  Deputy  Commissary  Gen., 
only  son  of  the  late  Vice-Adm.  Sir  Ed. 
ward  J.  Foote,  K.C  B. 

Sept,  14.  On  board  the  sbip  Beulafa, 
which  passing  from  Hong  Kong  to  Cal- 
cuttn,  Robert  Higliat,  esq.  of  Livcrjiool, 
and  formerly  of  Paisley. 

Oct.  13.  At  the  liland  of  8L  Helena, 
having  nearly  completed  bis  90th  year* 
Sir  William  Webber  Doveton,  Knt.  an 
old  and  faithful  civil  senant  of  the  East 
India  Company  for  nearly  half  a  century. 
He  was  knighted  Feb,  3,  IBIj^,  being  then 
one  of  the  Council  at  St.  Helena,  and 
Lieut.-Colonel  of  the  Volunteers  there. 

Nov,  . .  On  his  passage  from  Bom- 
bay to  England,  aged  ^9,  Capt.  Rattray, 
8€th  Reg.  eldest  son  of  the  late  Lieut.- 
Col.  Rattray,  of  the  63d. 

JVbv.  17.  At  GeDoa,  aged  74,  John 
Watts,  esq.  late  of  Cheltenham. 

Not.  2i.  At  Washington,  United  Statest 
Pettus,  eldest  son  of  T.  R.  Harmon,  esq. 
of  Bedford'pl.  Russell-iq. 

Nov.  38*  At  Sierra  Leone,  Capt.  WiU 
Ham  Rhodes,  «d  son  of  the  late  Godfrey 
Rhodes,  of  Stepney. 

Dee.  \K  At  Rome,  aged  28,  Mr.  Sa- 
muel  Redford,  of  Hampton  Court,  artist. 

Dec.  lU.  At  St,  Petersburg,  aged  77, 
Charles  Baird,  eaq.  of  tliat  city,  Mr. 
Baird  was  a  man  whose  enterprise  and 
talents,  exercised  sucoessfiiily,  during  a 
long  life,  in  the  introduction  into  Ruuia, 
and  prosecutiuu  tbere,  of  the  variona  greet 
improvements  of  eugineeriDg  science,  vriU 
cause  him  to  be  long  reoDusmbered  in  that 
country. 

At  Rome,  aged  &2f  George  Cbarlea 
liarrey.  esq. 

Dec.  11.  At  Zante,  Sarabella-MaHa, 
eldest  dan.  of  Pryse  L.  Gordon,  esq.  and 
wife  of  F-  L.  Cbiaranda,  e&q.  Assistant 
Commissary* Geo.  to  the  Forces,  and  late 
Collector  of  the  Customs  at  that  bland. 

At  Bruaseis,  aged  66,  Col.  Wtliiam 
Mayne. 

Detf,  \».  At  Baden-Baden,  Sank 
Henrietta,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Tboaai  JttAor,  esq.  of  Edinburgh,  and 
youngett  niece  of  the  late  Col.  Patrick 
Br«ee,  B.  L  C.  S. 

Her.  86.  At  Bnusela,  Capt,  Mayne, 
eldeai  aoti  of  the  late  Col.  Mayne,  wko 
tarrited  hie  fktber  only  14  days. 


n 


1844.] 


Obituary. 


223 


Vi 


Dte,  86.  At  liU  bhatean  in  Franehe 
Comte,  Greneral  Comte  d'Onay,  one  of 
the  most  distinguislied  officers  in  Napo- 
leon's army,  and  on  the  restoration  em- 
iloyed  by  Louia  XVIII.,  as  GoTomor  of 
Ittoria,  where  he  so  conciliated  the  af- 
fection and  esteem  of  the  inhabitants  that 
on  his  departure  they  presented  him  with 
a  costly  sword,  inscribed  "  Au  General 
Comte  d'Orsay,  Vittoria  reconnoissant.*' 
He  is  succeeded  by  his  son  Comte  Alfred, 
who  has  resided  so  long  in  this  country. 

Dec.  31.  Aged  70,  Gustare  Maximi- 
lien  Juste,  Prince  de  Croy,  Cardinal 
Archbishop  of  Rouen. 

Dee.  89.   At  New  York,  aged  33,  WU- 


Uan,  toil  of  Thomti  Vyw,  6^.  of  Heme- 
hill  Abbey,  Surrey. 

Dec.  30.  At  Nice,  in  his  4th  year, 
Henry,  eldest  son  of  William  Fitiherbert, 
esq. 

At  Florence,  aged  39,  WiUiam  Wanser, 
jun.  esq.  late  of  Hanger-laOe,  Stamford- 
hill,  eldest  son  of  William  Watisey,  esq. 
F.S.A.  of  London. 

Jan,  6.  At  Boulogne-sur-Mer,  agod 
18,  Georgiana-Looisa,  eldeat  dan.  of  Sir 
J.  William  Hort,  Bart. 

Jan.  7.  At  Lisbon,  Francis,  eldest  son 
of  the  late  Francis  Patten»  esq.  of  Roches- 
ter, Kent. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

Ftom  the  Returns  usued  by  the  Regittrar  Oenerai, 

Deaths  Registered  from  Dec.  23,  1843,  to  Jan.  80,  1844,  (5  weeks.) 

Under  15 2313^ 

16  to  60 ^^^idsm 

60  and  upwards        994  (^'* 
Age  not  specified      47  3 
%*  The  district  of  Wandsworth  and  Clapham  (which  up  to  the  present  year  had 
not  been  included  in  the  Metropolitan  Return)  is  now  added,  which  will  account  for 
the  apparent  increase  in  the  number  of  deaths. 


Males 
Females 


2483  i 
2394' 


4877 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  Jan,  20. 


Wheat. 
#.  d. 
51     8 


Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye.     Beans. 

f.    d. 

f.    d. 

t.    d.     t.    d. 

33    7 

18    7 

31     2      30    2 

Peas. 
#•    d, 
3i     I 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Jan.  26. 

Beasts 581       Calven    130 

SheepandLambs   2130      Pigs      9M 


PRICE  OP  HOPS,  Jan.  29. 
Sussex  Pockets,  6/.  2».  to  6/.  lOf.— Kent  Pockets,  6/.  4*.  to  10/.  lOs. 

PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Jan.  27. 

Hay,  21.  12f.  to  4/.  Oe Straw,  II.  5t.  to  U.  12«.— Clover,  3/.  5».  to  5/.  Of. 

SMITH  FIE  LD,  Jan.  29.     To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  Slbs. 

Beef. 2t.    4rf.  to  3#.    4rf.  "     "    ...        - 

Mutton 2i.    Sd.  to  3#.    Sd. 

Veal 3i.  lOd,  to  4*.  \0d. 

Pork 2*.    Sd.  to  4i.    Qd. 

COAL  MARKET,  Jan.  26. 

Walls  Ends,  from  16«.  6d,  to  44f.  6d,  per  ton.   Other  sorU  from  14*.  Od.  to  18#.  6d 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  44f.  6d,      Yellow  Russia,  iSt.  Od. 

CANDLES,  7f.  Od,  per  doz.    Moulds,  9t.  6d. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Brothers,  Stock  and  Share  Broksrs, 
23,  Change  Alley,  Comhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  171. Ellesmere  and  Chester,  64. Grand  Junction,  150. 

Kennet  and  Avon,   81. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  670.  Regent's,  23|. 

Rochdale,  60. London  Dock  Stock,  105. St.  Katharine's,  100. East 

and   West   India,  136.  — —  London    and  Birmingham    Railway,  244i Great 

Western,    111— London  and  Southwestern,  77. Grand    Junction     Water- 
Works,  82^. West  Middlesex,  1 15. Globe  Insurance,  134. Guardian, 

46^. Hope,  7^. Chartered  Gas,  64^. Imperial  Gas,  86. Phoenix  Gas, 

36. London  and  Westminster  Bank,  24.— Reversionary  Interest,  104. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Bharest  •nquire  as  above. 


224 

METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  W.CARY,  Strand. 

From  Dee.  26, 1843,  to  Jan.  25,  1844,  ftoM  inelmive. 
Fahrenheit's  Therm. 

'^^       '         Weather,    5*J  1  i    i    2;?      5         Weather. 


?5  l225 


Dec. 

0 

o 

o 

in.  pts. 

26 

46 

47 

47 

30,38 

27 

44 

47 

45 

,44 

28 

45 

50 

47 

.52 

29 

46 

46 

43 

,48 

30 

42 

44 

41 

.26 

31 

44 

47 

48 

29.92 

Ja.1. 

34 

38 

33 

,58 

2 

32 

36 

26 

,66 

3 

32 

38 

41 

.89 

4 

42 

52 

48 

,57 

5 

42 

52 

52 

.53 

6 

46 

52 

44 

,26 

7 

43 

46 

37 

,57 

8 

47 

43 

38 

.83 

9 

36 

37 

35 

30,  ai 

10 

43 

45 

44 

,24 

slight  rain 
cloudy 
do. 
do. 

Ido.slt.rn.slt. 
do.fr.do.do. 
rain,  snow 
snow.fr.cly. 
cloudy 
do.  foggy 
do.  hvy.  rain 
do.fairsm.do. 
do.  cloudy 
do.  do. 
cldy,  sm.  sit. 
rn.cly.fr.  cly. 


Fahrenheit's  Therm 

. 

•Sfl 

\t^ 

^ 

"§,^ 

a 

II 

-3  E 

» 

1 

o 

o 

0 

in.  pts. 

11 

42 

46 

43 

,37 

12 

43 

45 

42 

,  17 

13 

41 

44 

39 

.04 

14 

38 

40 

35 

,18 

15 

32 

40 

30 

.32 

16 

30     35 

37 

,27 

17 

40 

45 

43 

,24 

18 

41 

4^ 

43 

,24 

19 

44 

47 

48 

29,99 

20 

39 

42 

49 

30.04 

21 

45     47 

47  29,  94 

22  !  41  •  47     37  !    .  95  1 

23 

40     43     39 

30,071 

24 

37     42 

37 

f^\ 

25 

39 

43 

43 

,»i 

cloudy 
do.heavy  rain 
rain,  cly,  fair 
do.  do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 

do. 
do.  fair 

do. 

do. 
foggy,  fair 
cloudy  do. 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 
From  Dec.  29,  1843,  to  Jan.  27,  1844.  both  inetunve. 


7779  pm. 

79  pm. 

78  8Upm 


78  pm. 
7880  pm. 
7981pm. 
7961  pm. 
79  Bi  pm 
SlSOpm. 
82  80  pm. 

80  pm. 


Eju  Silli^ 
£1000. 


15  1871 
16188 

IB9  I    97, 
t8l»9i 
10191 
iOlOl 
S2I<K1 

S4194 

i5i9i| 

86193i 
S7195 


AI70pm 

THfttjpin, 

80  pin. 

79  81  pm. 

9  pm. 


8280  pro. 

8280  pm. 

i   80  pm. 

^648082  pm. 

ms\  prn. 

-MlKipm, 


&} 

m 

&i 

64 
67 
69 
67 
67 
67 
70 
60 
66 
Co 
67 
67 
G5 

67 
67 
65 
65 
60 
G6 
08 
67 


6lpiii. 

64  pm. 

66  pm. 

69  pm. 

70  pm. 
07ptn. 
69  pm. 
69  pm. 
G9pm. 
08  pro. 
67piii, 
68pnt. 

67  pm. 

65  pm, 

65  pm. 

67  pm, 

68  pm, 

66  pm. 
65  pm. 

65  pm. 

67  pm. 

68  pm. 
68  pm. 

66  pm. 
66  pm, 
69pm 


J.  J.  ARNULU  £oglish  and  Foreigo  Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

1,  Bank  Baildings,  London. 

J.  B.  MICHOU  AMD  SOV|  F»IlfTBM|  25,  f  AKLIAMBHT'tTmilT. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

MARCH,  1844, 
By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 

CONTENTS.  »^„ 

MtNoa  CoEEESPONDENCK.^Repnirs  of  Alderton  Church — ProTiocml  Tokeni— 

Miss  Ciith&rioe  Fan  thaw— Cleaning  of  **  scary,"  &c, •..*...•      256 

Lord  Brougham's  Statesmen  op  the  Time  of  Georqe  III. »«..  ,•, S^7 

BaCb  Abbey  Turreti— Holy- water  Stoup  at  Hastings — Font  at  Scraptoft  fwUh 

a  Piafe), ,.,,..,.. ,»,  •......,..      246 

The  ContribatioDS  of  Sir  J  oho  Barrow  to  the  Quarterly  Review    , 246 

Authorflbip  of  the  article  in  Quarterly  Review  on  the  Character  of  Pitt»«  t « .* . .  247 
Oa  the  Etymology  of  North  Mcok    , • 247 

I  French  Scteatlfie  Congress — New  Eoglibh  Archieologicai  Aiso^tion 246 
A  Word  on  the  State  and  Prospects  of  Art .* 349 
Dr.  Rock  and  Dr.  Franks  represeotecl  in  the  Harlot^s  Progress  ? * .  .  •     253 

LoNDi!*rtANA»  No.  VIIL— Site  of  Britiih  Loudon— List  of  Potter*»  Marki  •.  254 
ACTOOHAFHS — in  Spain,   Italy,   Germany,  and  Fraoce — of  Bonaparte  and  of 

Moli^re — Scarce  Publications  by  Irish  CatbolttH  .,».,.,..,,, , ,      257 

On  procuring  sleep  during  pain— Dr.  Btnns  aod  Sou  they    *.•.*»,,« 264 

On  Church  Toweri  and  Spires * « . *..««.« <     285 

Rethosfective  RfiTiBW.^Salt  upon  Salt,  by  George  Withert   , , , . , 269 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

I  Ward's  Borough  of  Stoke -upon- Trent,  273  ;  Pettigrew'a  SuperitltiOttB  in 
Medicine  and  Surgery,  276  ;  The  Viltoge  Cburch,  a  Poem,  279  j  Williamt*! 
Study  of  the  Gospels*  2BCI ;  Moultrie' t  Dream  of  Life,  and  other  PoetHi, 
281  ;  Barbam's  Life  of  Reuchlin,  and  Mia^ellaneous  Reyiewi  »..  .,  283 
LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE  — 
New  Publications,  2H5  ;  UniTersity  of  Cambridge — Royal  Society  of  Litera- 
ture^ ^Ifric  Society    . .  , 291 

ARCHITECTURE.— Institute  of  Britiali  Architects,  292 ;  Oiford  Architec- 
tural Soeiety— Holywell  Church— Iffley  Church,  294  ;  Woolpit^  Suffolk  ,, ,  295 
ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— New  ArchBological  Association,  295; 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  596 ;  Society  of  Antiquaries  at  Ncwcaitle — Du- 
plicate Rosetta  Stone,  2Sd  ;  Roman  Altars  at  Newcastle ^Lake  Mffirit-^ 
Ancieiil  Weapons  found  in  Essex — Cave  Temples  of  India,  299  \  Royal 
VaulU  in  PruAsia,  300  j  Carthaginian  Bust— French  An tiquarian|  Intelligence  301 
HISTORICAL    CHRONICLE.— Parliamentary   Proceedinge,   302;    Foreign 

News,  304 ;  Domestic  Occurrences , , 306 

Promotions  and  Prefermeota,  307  ;   Births  and  Marriages , , ^ ,  , ,      30$ 

OBITUARY  ;  with  Memoirs  of  The  Grand  Duke  of  Saxc  Cohurg  Gotha ; 
Douna  Carlotta  of  Spain  j  Marqness  of  Winchester ;  Earl  of  Plymouth  ; 
Lady  Newborough ;  Hon.  Percy  Jocelyn ;  Sir  Francis  Btirdett.  Bart. ; 
Sir  Robert  Fitawygram  ;  Adm.  Sir  Graham  Moore  ;  Vice-Adm,  Sir  R.  L. 
Pitigcrald  ;  Lieut.* Gen.  Sir  W.  Johnston  ;  Lieut.  Gen,  Sir  Hudson  Lowe  ; 
Sir   F.    W,    Macnaghten ;    General    Bcrtrand  ;    Count   Mazdnghi ;    Rev. 

George  Stephenson  j  John  Barwis,  Esq. ;  John  Bradley,  Esq 31 1— 326 

Clurot  Deceased * 326 

Deaths,  arranged  in  Counties    -...*. » ,  ♦...,*..  . *     327 

Registrar- Generttl's   Returns  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis — Markets— PHcei 

of  Shares,  335  ;    Meteorological  Diary— Stocks „      336 

I      Embellished  with   Represeotationi  of  a  Turret  of  Batk  Arret,  HoLr^WATim 

H  Stoup  in  St.  Clement's,  Hastings ;  the  old  Font  of  ScRArroFT,  co.  L^c«lt€r  j  Afid 

H        of  tw^  Roman  AiTARi  found  at  N«wcaftl«  ia  NorthamberlAiid* 

m 


M1XOB  COKRSSPOSDESCE, 


?!! 


•rru    •-»!    ;t    -J*    rvTain   o^ 

4cn««  IvflSnf  Wn   f  7  narr  7«n  3  m 

MM  is  viK«e  i.iiiBfti  X  i*  «nBe*.  Jaatpk 
JSttld.  Eml.  M.F.  <fr  Ci  ill  i  ■■  IV. 
■<lttig.  «:  tm  «n  art*  <«ic  tc  icfccn 

m4  CMC  6m  ?)qpv4  littfdM  W| 

Orvf  4/  M«  G^€  /i 
tmhm  ^Mrm«U/9*M/Mr  n  if.  '«^:*,m 
'  :•««?  t*  ti«  btcJid:9C.  I  fe>.  i:  a  pco- 
4«!T  to  mprmttsf   vrkBr  ;br 

were  SHKc4  »a<cr  tht  cktfxv  cf  tbe  in- 
cwboK.  ite  mtr.  Mr.  Am(».  Mi 
tiie  whtme  rtmaimtd  —  praccctH 
ci*  bnr  M*i^af  m  rnir  for  iWir  re- 
«qpexA.  TktfT  b%ve  mam  bee*  iiyiini 
M  MftT  v>  tbc  r>rBicr  pTctsowM  eo«U  b» 
eii««««.;«s«t«T  Amu.  «b4  witk  do  otbcr 
dmrntftr^^hLn  thorn  vlxi  kpwoftii&e 
•i:«^  »r^4t^r  kk;f  CBB«<i  pt  rfima  t9  their 

'  S.  T.  w<jwcan  iBromMMfl  rtvpectiaf 
tW  bsiSv  at  fiwmt,  of  Cmfidd  Mi 
Bvy  ffc.  'E4flMD4'«,  m  SoiiDik,  io  tW 
Miatfic  of  tie  1.5ci  centaiy. 

A.  F.  r«flHriu  :  "  To  the  plates  cm. 

<i>ito<  is  p.  803.  ■■  ctniwtd  at  the 
cvpcMo  of  tlie  lata  fUr.  F.  H.  T.  Bam. 
vdD,  Uk  foUovingf  may  be  added — 

'*A  rM^  of  Hardwirk  Hoqm,  the  leat 
of  the  Ktr,  Sir  Tbouiaf  Gerj  CoDua, 


tf  Tnan  Ti  -iuim^mb  Vm.  PreMiB  to 
4*  «i«  i^  KHiaA  vc   Aehoon  mm  tW 

|v  ««K   insafiH   Itr.    E.aM^    CVaiig 
■t'-j  aafc  A'iiAwbtv  n^  PaW  ii'  mm 
~:  II  Tie  UK  af  Cork  aa 


"  View  of  tberooDd  NorDun  Tower  of 
Little  Saihaai  Cborcb,  drawn  bjr  W. 
Twopeny,  e^.  and  ciyafcd  bjr  W.  S. 
WilkiMOD,  and  iiMertcd  in  Mr.  Gage 
Rokewode*a  Hntory  of  Suffolk,  TUngoe 
Hondred. 

"  A  portrait  of  Mitt  Janet  Hurofraj, 
eofrared  in  mczzotinto  bj  Jaroet  Hanrey, 
firoTn  a  painting  br  Samuel  Lane. 

"  Mr.  BamH-ell*!  father  wai  Rector  of 
Mroekley,  not  Braekley." 

'*  A  Corrftpondent*'  would  be  g'ad  if 
any  person  ran  fumitb  from  pepen  of  tbe 
day,  orl^  other  meaoa.  tbe  naaea  of  tbe 
Biibopa  who   aaiiitM  the  Archbiibop 


^^BT  -veictc  0  mi  oifvv 

met  coueem.     TVr  betf  aaabat 
tbe  fviyfce  m  M-.  TVoHa  SlMp^ 
kf«e  cf  sbr  Gcarce  ChKmjmt% 
tioa.  ii  juskc  3  -trsL 

AaOUG 
tfibea^aT  Jifel  Oihorn^ 

^tc^apk.  voaud  be 


Ct?wtu  tarib  ia  tbe  uiiiBt  of  fib- 
fe>-ff  Fevtn V  Lifr,  Vv  &  Bn 


k  not  Ibis  a  wapriic  fcri 
aijertifeiy,  wbicb  k  fN««  m  J« 
a  ffabnmntive,  "  owd  m  Hme  pkoi  Ibr 
barre^i  !aiid.  wbicb  baa  a  poor  oriliB  i 
of  gran  opeo  n.*    Tbe  ippfaflki 
aocb-eatea  cloA  k  obnoMlf  anagfiii 
Afvplrtotbef-  '-rrr-r- 


I    oblige   A    CoaOTAVT 

Tbe  gemu 

."  aaPr. 
wora  av  two 
It  OB  tbe  fiiB^  aai 
lowed  byanagkc 
tbe  vowel  loqg.    It  i 
all  Latin  words  of  tbw  kiad,*  lie.  { 
€f9  DictiooBrT,  p.  301).     WU I 
to  tbe  Latin  laijjigi,  k  tbk  rak  to  bo 
followed    wicboot    esecpiMBy    ki    iKh 
words  as  ^po,  nyoy  fapo,  ke.  ? 

J.  E.  coanviicaKs  i 
tioo  to  bis  emyttimmi  eonvcCM  io  p.  8, 
—chat  tbe  kte  Ree.  Tbooni  iiab»dai 
was  neither  Senior  Wtaagkr  aar  BiMor 
Optime,  bot  9tb  Wraqgkr.  Ii  tfco 
aame  eommonicatioa  tbe  naae  of  tb» 
Regios  Professor  of  Divniiy  ibiidi  b» 
OOiTsnt,  not  (Wpbsnt. 

Errata,  in  p.  18&,  last  Una  but  3.  Ik 
TbeodorMiis,read  TbeodksiiM.  Iia.3Bi 
of  ov  present  annber,  ed.  S,  Bm  1^  ptitf 


of  ov  present  anni 
tbe«'doaiettk"lii 


THB 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


Statemen  of  the  Time  of  George  the  Third.     By  Henry.  Lord 

Broagbam,  3rd  Series* 

THE  pbn  of  this  work  Is  as  follows  :  a  short  precis  or  abridged  Idstory 
in  given  of  the  French  revolutioD  from  its  origin  to  the  termination  of  the 
dreadful  reign  of  terror.*  This  is  followed  by  biographical  sketches  of 
many  of  the  characters  that  appeared  most  prouiincTitly  in  the  course  of  this 
erentful  period ,  as  those  of  Kobespierre,  Djiiiton,  St.  Just^  Sieves,  and  Fouche, 
the  last  of  which  contains  many  anecdotes  of  ioterestj  and  to  ua,  we 
confess,  of  novelty.f  This  portion  is  followed  by  notices  more  or  leas 
extended  of  some  of  the  distinguished  men  of  the  last  century  whose  names 
had  not  appeared  in  Lord  Broygham's  former  volumes  ;  Wilkes,  Lord 
Ellenborongh,  Mr.  Jefferson,  and  the  Marquess  Weliesley,  being  the  most 
coaapicuaoe.  The  appendix  is  entirely  occupied  with  discussions  on  the 
character  and  acts  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  and  of  his  great  rival  and  enemy 
Lord  Bolingbroke.  We  think  we  see  in  the  account  of  Junius  (p,  14H}  a 
little  personal  soreness  on  the  subject  of  anonymous  attacks  sharpening  the 
writer's  pen  ;  but  the  reflections  on  Wilkes's  conduct  aud  character  (p. 
183)  are  constitutionally  sound,  and  the  observations  on  Lord  Sydenham's 
papers  which  are  to  be  found  in  the  chapter  ou  Auiericiin  democracy  (p. 
249)  arc  both  acute  and  just.  Throughout  the  work  the  writer  takes  a 
tecure  ground  for  the  explauatiou  of  his  principles  ^  pohtics  are  not  sepa- 
rated from  morals,  nor  what  is  permanently  good  and  right  permitted  to  be 
sacrificed  to  views  of  immediate  ad  vantage.  It  appears  to  be  Lord  Brougham's 
abject  in  this  and  his  preceding  volumes  to  give  such  personal  recollections 
of  tlie  eminent  men  with  whom  he  has  been  more  or  Jess  intimately  con- 
nected as  may,  in  the  absence  of  a  fuller  history,  afford,  at  least,  no 
incorrect  outline  of  their  characters.  His  biography  is  more  or  less  ex- 
panded according  to  his  kiiowfcdge  and  t^xperience  of  the  person  ;  some- 
limea  appearing  only  as  a  light  etching  or  sketch,  at  ot tiers  taking  the 
fortn  and  huish  of  a  more  eluborate  etigravirig.  We  think  that  lie  has 
come  to  his  voluntary  task  with  feelings  becoming  to  him  both  as  a  states- 
man and  writer  j  his  object  is  to  do  honour  to  those  he  mentions,  either  by 
rescuing  their  memory  from  unmerited  obloquy ,  or  by  btinging  forward 
additional  instances  of  their  ability  and  virtue.  "  lllos  uobilitana  quos 
esaet  dignatus  posteris  tradere/'  \V'e  do  not  say  that  the  work  might 
not  have  been  more  carefuHy  composed,  that  mistakes  may  not  have 
occurred  in  fact,  and  errors  in  reasoning  j  that  souie  circumstattces  of  past 
times  are  revived  and  dwelt  vipoUj  ctiietly  because  they  admitted  applica- 
tion to  the  present ;  that  in  some  instances  the  work  seems  to  drop  the  grave 
and  guarded  tone  of  history  and  assume  too  much  the  form  of  a  party 


•  In  more  than  one  place  allaaiooa  arc  made,  and  applicationt  of  pnst  eveotti  ta 
present  ticaest  which  n^em  chiefly  to  be  directed  against  the  IrUh  e^tatorst  at  ia  pp. 
S4,  71,  and  129  ;  but  the  reaAoniag  U  cogeat  and  rifh>— ^ 

f  For  the  most  curioui  part  of  thia  memoir  of  Poi 
Jtei  of  $tiBhop€.    See  p.  1 17  to  p*  \m. 


ttt  Lord  BfM^tfai*i  SMetmem  [UuA, 

imaplilet ;  aometimes  the  aothor  seems  writing  before  a  mirror,  io  which 
he  sees  his  own  form  and  figure  akNie  reflected,  and  sometimes  we  think 
the  eulogies  of  his  friends  Imr  more  marks  of  the  warmth  of  a  generoos 
heart,  than  the  discrimination  of  a  careful  and  critical  understanding.  But, 
disliking  as  we  do  that  petty  criticism  whose  countenance  is  always  on  the 
groand,  grovelling  and  prying  after  tririal  errors,  we  should  lea»t  of  all 
think  of  employing  it  in  a  work  like  this,  dictated  by  the  generous  feeling 
of  recording  those  rirtnes  and  talents  which  might  otherwise  hare  been 
boried  in  obscority  and  forgetfnlness.  Time  soon  sweeps  away  the  re- 
membrance of  all  that  is  not  preserved  with  care,  Mid  with  that  the  very 
wuh  and  desire  to  recover  it.  We  do  not  know  what  others  feel,  bot 
gnitefol  beyond  measure  should  we  be  to  those,  if  any  such  no ^  exists  who 
would  give  us  a  few  glimpses  of  the  private  life  and  social  hours,  m  few 
tooches  of  the  familiar  conversation  of  those  whose  names  and  memory 
have  shed  a  lustre  on  the  age  that  has  just  passed  away,  and  which  has  cmr- 
ried  with  it  such  treasures  as  are  perhaps  never  to  return.  Hliat  would  we 
not  now  give  for  a  few  mornings  at  Hoi  wood  when  Mr.  Pitt  was  strolling 
through  his  beechen  woods,  with  his  pmning-hook  in  his  hand  ;*  an  after- 
breakfast  conversation  with  Mr.  Fox  on  the  garden  bench  that  overiooked 
the  enchanting  prospect  from  St.  Anne's  Hill ;  a  walk  with  Grattan  under 
his  favourite  limes  ^f  or  a  day  or  two  spent  with  Windham  in  his  phik>- 
sophic  retreat  of  Felbrigg.     Such  familiar  intercourse  with  these  illustrious 

Esrsons  would  not  only  increase  our  admiration  of  their  private  rirtues,  but 
nd  a  double  interest  to  the  contemplation  of  their  public  characters.  Per- 
haps not  all  of  our  readers  arc  aware  how  emineutly  accomplished,  as  private 
men»  are  those  whom  they  alone  know  in  their  political  character,  and, 
only  that  we  are  refrained  from  touchingon  liriog  persons,  we  should  have  plen- 
tifnl  examples  before  us  to  produce.  Such  is  the  purpose  which  we  presume 
Lord  Brougham  has  now  attempted  to  execute  ;  for  what  he  has  done  we 
are  thankful.  It  is  true  he  may  not  be  above  error,  bot  he  wouM  never  have 
attempted  to  write  such  memoirs  and  histories  as  he  has  if  he  had  not 
means  of  writing  them  faithfully.  He  may  be  accused  of  exaggeratton  or 
partiality,  but  the  very  subject  of  his  work  is  such  as  admits  different  views, 
in  as  much  as  the  moral  character  of  actions  depends  on  motives,  which 
cannot  be  discerned  with  certainty,  nor  described  with  exactness.  To 
investigate  human  actions  too  closely  is  often  invidious,  and  to  compare 
historical  deductions  is  more  often  difficult.  Some  judge  by  political 
principles,  some  by  personal  sympathy  or  antipathy.  Some  motives  are 
artfully  conceived  and  complicated,  some  arc  openly  apparent,  and  \ 
purely  accidental.  He  who  writes  the  lives  of  paity  and  political 
must  consider  the  disadvantage  of  his  subject,  and  expect  a  diversity  of 
judgment.  Lord  Brougham  is  well  able,  both  from  his  talent  and  chancier, 

*  In  one  of  hit  works  on  landscape  gardening,  Mr.  Repton  has  printed  a  letter  to 
him  from  Mr.  Pitt,  relating  to  the  relative  irantparencp  of  the  leavea  of  fbrast  trees, 
Ac.  sbewiag  much  cvions  obsenration  on  the  subject — Rsv. 

t  A  walk  in  spring,  Graiian,  like  those  with  thee, 
Bv  the  heath  side,  (who  had  not  envied  me  ?) 
When  the  sweet  limes,  so  fnilof  bees  in  Jane, 
Led  US  to  meet  beneath  their  bonghs  at  noon  ; 
And  thou  didst  say  which  of  the  great  and  wise 
Cottid  they  but  hear,  and  at  thy  bidding  rise, 
Thou  wowd'st  call  up  and  question,  Sec. 

lOds  Rogsn's  ffmmmi4ft.^mm 


1644.] 


of  the  Time  of  George  JtL 


to  b€ar  the  weigbt  of  \m  argumetit^  atid  be  well  knows  tbat  biBtory  does  not 
scemalwayd  to  be  Buflicient  to  tho  rigbt  imcliTstnnding  ofiCsclf^  aud  that  ita 
laws,  which  as  it  seems  ought  to  be  estabhshed  from  its  facta,  appear,  even 
with  a  ful!  knowledge  of  the  facts  before  us>  to  be  yet  inHtJitely  diaputable,* 

We  now,  as  we  turn  over  the  pages  of  the  volume,  pause  when  wa  find 
anythinij;  that  particularly  arreats  our  attention,  either  from  the  interest 
derived  from  the  character  of  the  person  described,  or  from  the  observations 
of  the  writer.  The  only  subject  of  dissatisfaction  to  lis  while  perusing 
tlie  work  has  been  from  our  inability  to  distingoish  between  what  Lord 
Brougham  relates  from  personal  acquaintance,  and  what  he  has  derived 
from  others  ;  and  this  we  say  because  some  of  the  anecdotes  arid  sayings 
liave  that  fainter  colouring  and  less  decided  outline  which  does  not  bespeak 
a  comumnication  at  first  hand. 

The  account  of  John  fourth  Duke  of  Bedford  is  written  with  the 
honoufKble  motive  of  rescuing  his  character  from  the  calumnies  of  Junius, 
and  removing  the  dark  cloud  which  the  bold  accusations  of  that  anonymous 
libeller  had  drawn  over  it.  I^rd  Brougham  indeed  says  **  that  it  is  dis- 
creditable to  the  people  of  this  country  that  they  should  be  led  astray  by 
such  a  guide  ;'  but  we  ask  what  right  had  they  to  discredit  what  thev  bad 
no  ujcans  of  denying  ?  The  p^iges  of  Junius,  like  the  plays  of^Shakspere, 
are  to  some  persons  almost  documents  of  history;  no  counter  statement^  aa 
far  as  we  know,  appeared,  and  history  did  not  stoop  to  notice  or  refute  the 
accnsations  advanced  against  the  actions  of  private  life.  It  would  be  dis- 
creditable to  the  public  to  believe  a/Ver  Lord  Broughauj's  vindication  ha« 
been  published  ;  but,  perhaps,  after  all,  the  people  only  believed,  as  they 
would  the  assertion  of  the  satirist  and  the  jiarty  writer.  He  would  err  widely 
from  the  truth  who  took  the  character  of  Shaftesbury  from  Drydcn*s  verses, 
or  beheved  that  Lord  Hervey  was  the  degraded  character  which  Pope  has 
di'awn.  While  clearing  the  Duke  of  Bedford  from  these  injurious  slanders. 
Lord  Brougham  mentions  another  one  not  less  curious  or  less  incorrect.  In 
1769  the  Livery  of  London  presented  an  address  to  the  sovereign  in  which 
they  closed  a  long  list  of  grievances  with  the  statement  **  that  instead  of 
punishment  honours  had  been  bestowed  on  a  paymaster,  the  public  defaulter 
of  ufiaccoHHled  miitiofts,''  The  elevation  of  Henry  Fox,  the  first  Lord  Hol- 
land, to  the  peerage,  who  was  the  late  paymaster  of  the  forces,  was  here  sig- 
nified. This  weighty  charge,  ccming  from  such  a  body,  and  boldly  addressed 
to  the  throne,  became  a  proverb,  a  bye- word,  a  predicate,  indisputably 
attached  to  hb  name*  We  remember  hearing  it  in  the  early  days  of  our 
life,  and  that  the  name  of  this  nobleman  was  never  mentioned  without  the 
epithet  that  branded  him.  Now  what  appears  to  be  the  truth  ?  for  false- 
liood,  as  Dr.  Whatcly  observes,  generally  rests  either  on  a  partial  or  a 
perverted  truth.  The  money  which  had  ptissed  through  his  hands  as 
paymaster  was  unaccounted  for  in  one  sense,  because  the  accounts  of  his 
office  had  not  been  wound  uji ;  but  they  /tad  been  delivered  in  and  wert 
mder  the  examination  of  the  auditors ;  they  were  declared  nine  years  after 
they  had  closed  ;  but  Air.  Winnington's  were  not  declared  \1\\  fourteen  years 
hfter,  and  Lord  Chatlmm^s,  which  closed  in  1755,  were  not  declared  in 
'1709*  Lord  Holland  also  had  paid  over  in  eight  years  balances  to  the 
kimonnt  of  above  900,000C  arising  froiD  savings  which  he  had  made  in  the 
urns  voted  for  diflfeient  services.    **  It  would/'  says  Lord  Brougham,  "  ccr* 

inJy  not  be  easy  to  furnish  a  more  complete  censure  than  the  calumnious 


*  $e«  Arnold' I  I^^Ttmv 


189  liord  Bfo«ghaBi*i  Sttuumm  {UuA, 

ftMertion  of  the  Livery  thus  reeeiyed.  Bat  it  is  ilto  oertab  thftt  the  caluiny 
hug  torvived  iU  triumphant  refutation.  Even  in  the  later  pc-iiodt  ol 
party  warfare  it  was  revived  against  the  LUustrioos  son  of  its  ob^<  t.  Mem 
of  oar  day  can  well  remember  Mr.  Fox  having  it  often  Aung  in  bis  teeth« 
that  he  was  sprang  frran  the  defaulter  of  unaccounted  millions.**  It  appears 
to  as  that  of  late  years  there  has  been  a  considerable  revival  of  curiosity 
OB  the  suk^ect  of  these  celebrated  letters  of  Junius,  and  the  resolt  has 
been  that  his  moral  character  and  reputation  has  sunk  as  low  as  that  of  the 
most  oontemptiUe  and  scnrriioas  oomposer  of  lampoons  and  hbels  ooold  do« 
while  his  fame  as  a  writer  of  talent,  as  a  keen  and  skilful  satirist,  as  a 
ghMliator  of  first  rate  power  and  energy,  as  a  master  of  the  sharpest  weapons 
of  attack  and  defence,  has  in  the  same  proportion  increased.  More  than 
seventy  years,  we  believe,  have  passed  since  Dr.  Johnson  drew  his  power* 
ful  portrait  of  him,  one  of  the  most  brilliant  and  successful  efforts  of 
his  pen,  and  still  there  is  the  same  unaccountable  mystery  concealing  all 
knowledge  of  the  writer,  and,  apparently,  defying  all  attempts  to  penetrate 
it.  Every  writer  of  talent  at  that  day  has  been  summoned  to  the  bar  of 
criticism,  and  examined  with  an  anxiety  to  estimate  his  pretensions,  and  a 
sagacity  to  detect  his  resemblance  to  the  original,  that  is  without  a  parallel 
in  the  history  of  our  Uterature.  This  has  naturally  led  to  much  over-rehne* 
OPient  and  slendemessof  proof  on  the  one  hand,  and  to  many  most  improbable 
surmises  on  the  other  ;  yet  criticism,  though  failing  in  the  total  success  of 
iier  inquiries,  has  made  some  advances  in  her  work.  If  Junius  was  the 
Mthor  of  the  letter  to  the  Brigadier-General,  which  was  lately  published, 
and  which  we  reviewed  when  it  appeared,  then  both  Sir  Philip  Francis 
and  Lord  Geoi|;e  Sackville  are  at  once  excluded  from  the  oompetitioa* 
The  name  of  Dunning  (Lord  Ashburton)  and  that  of  every  other  member 
ni  the  legal  profession  must  be  also  removed,  because  the  mistakes  oiads 
in  the  use  of  legal  terms  in  these  letters,  prove  that  they  could  n<^  havy 
been  written  by  a  lawyer.  We  also  hsve  long  been  of  opinion  that 
the  base,  malignant,  and  assassin-like  attacks  which  Junius  could  so 
wantonly  and  to  all  appearance  so  willingly,  make,— singling  out  the 
noblest  victims  for  his  knife — the  men  of  highest  rank  and  roputatiaa, 
both  in  the  Senate  and  the  Bar,  accompanied,  as  were  these  attacks  on 
public  character,  with  the  most  unwarrantable  inroads  into  the  privacies 
of  domestic  life, — we  say,  that  the  style,  language,  and  feeling  of  these 
letters,  preclude  the  possibility  of  their  being  written  by  any  sum  of  high 
raftk  or  exalted  situation ;  Lord  Chatham's  name  must  therefore  be  taken  o«t 
d  the  list,  so  must  Horace  Walpole*s*  and  that  of  Burke,  and  Gibbon^ 
and  Gerard  Hamilton,  and  others  which  we  do  not  at  present  recotteot^ 
In  this  way  the  field  of  inquiry  might  be  narrowed  and  mora  emilj 
traversed.  Then  the  inquiry  might  commence  in  the  path  which  wo 
think  is  likely  to  prove  most  successful,  as  to  the  person  connected  with 
the  GreuvUles  who  was  capable  of  such  a  performance.  Thero  is  much, 
too,  that  clings  to  the  name  of  Sir  Philip  Francis  which  ought  eithw  to 
be  removed,  or  more  closely  investigated,  because  on  several  aoooonts  Us 
name  stands  fiill  in  the  road  whero  the  inquiry  is  to  be  made,  having 
equally  powerful  supporters,  and  others  of  equal  roputation,  who  deny  his 
claim ;  for  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  pedestal  on  which  he  is  viewed,  adif- 
feront  inscription  seems  to  meet  the  eye.*    The  testimony  of  hand^writifff 

*  Lord  Broo^fham  aajt,  "  It  It  not  even  tms  that  the  family  of  Lord  HoBand  were 
tlwiji  treatsd  wlA  lespsdt,  sllheugkftem  the  siHria  hat  or  tte  AiMctNf,  whom 


1#44.5  0/  the  nme  of  George  HL  2S 1 

IS  allowed  to  be  fltrong ;  if  so,  his  claim  la  far  in  ndvatfce  (^f  all  otherv  $ 
or  rather,  on  this  one  branch  of  the  argument,  he  stands  alone.  We  have 
lately  heard  that  Sir  Hairis  Nicolas  has  directed  his  inquiries  to  tliisqaeft- 
ttoo,  and  from  his  natural  acutenesa,  his  legal  knowledge,  Im  literary  in- 
formation, and  bis  experience  in  the  investigation  of  truth,  we  may  con- 
I  fidently  look,  if  not  to  complete  success,  at  least  to  a  closer  approximation 
to  it  than  we  yet  have  obtained. 

From  Lord  Brougham's  intimate  and   familiar  acquaintance  with   Lord 
I  Wellesley  during  the  late  years  of  that  great  statesman's  life,  we  certainly 
[expected  a  portrait  more  full  and  rich  in  the  colouring,  and  which  wonld 
ba^e  admitted  us  a  little  more  into  his  domestic  habits  and  manners.     For 
•ome  of  the  last  years  of  his  cxj^teoce.  Lord  Wellesley  lived  in  the  retire- 
jnent  of  Kingston  House,  seen  by  few  but  his  personal  friends;  yet  we 
llmow  that,  notwithstanding  some  weakness  and  infirmity  of  body,  his  mind 
I  was  ever  awake  to  all  that  was  passing  in  the  political  world,  to  the 
conduct  of  statesmen,  and  to  tbe  measures  of  government  j  and,  above  all, 
that  he   never  lost  sight  of  tbe  interesits  of  that  great  empire   whose 
I  destinies  he  once  ruled  with  a  success  that  proved  tbe  wisdom  and  fore- 
sight with  which  they  were  directed*     His  hgbter   botirs  of  leisure  too 
irere  passed  in  the  exercise  of  those  learned  accomplishments  for  which  he 
[was  so  celebrated  in  early  life :  like  all  Etonians ,  be  was  much  attached  to 
I  Ihc  spot  where  be  had  received  bis  education,  and  where  be  bad  formed 
Ibis  early  friendships  with  those  who  were  to  be  the  companions  of  his 
advanced  life,  and  the  future  supporters  of  his  counsels ,  or  rivals  of  his 
f  |>ower.     At  school  he  had  distinguished  liimself  by  the  classical  elegance 
'  of  his  compositions  in  Latin  verse  ;  and  to  the  very  latest  period  of  his 
life,  to  within  a  month  or  two  of  his  decease,  he  found  amusement  in' 
r  exercising  his  talents  in  tbe  same  way  on  any  casual  topic  that  occurred. 
Lord  B  rough  am  says — 

*'  When  Dr.  Goodall,  his  cont«mporary  celebrated  Grecian  wst  not  hy  tay  meang 

md    «ftcrwiird«    Head    Matter,    was   m-  at  the  head  of  the  Etonians  of  his  daj* 

m   1818,   before  the   Edvcatiiw  sad  on  being  Mked  by  me  (ts  cfasinDan) 

!  of  the  U4ms6  «!  Cammatm  to  bum  bis  SQperior,  he   at  once  Htid 

the  alleged   puMing  over   of  Loud  WcUeeley.     Some  of  bit  verBca  in 

PortCD*  in  giving  promottoa  to  King*!  the  '  Mass  Etoneosea^i-  have  great  mcnt« 

'  CoUeget   be  at  ODce   declared   that   tbe  both  ai  examples  of  pare  Latinity  and 


lat  family  patronised,  bring  at  least  connected  wi'h  Jutiias,  if  not  the  real  aatboreof 
theletten*,  it  could  bardlj  be  supposed  that  it  would  ever  be  the  object  of  bis  assidaoui 

'  i(biaie.  *  .  .  The  only  public  man  of  aay  mark  whom  he  spares,  appears  lo  be  Mr. 
Geotfe  GrenTiUe;  but  Mn  Grenville  died  in  Nor.  1770^  before  more  than  half  the 
Vireer  of  Jantus  bad  beeu  accomplished/' 

♦  We  have  beard  also  from  other  aathorities  that  Mr*  Forjon's  abilitiei  were  not 
eonipieaously  diiplsjed  at  Eton.  His  compoiitioiw  in  after-lifb  were  rather  correct 
and  elegant  than  copious  and  flowing  :  be  seemed  to  prefer  an  epigrammatic  neatness 
and  ftuish  in  hia  verse  ;  and  his  Latin  prose  was  adapted  to  the  critical  subjects  be  bad 
to  discuss.     We  remember  a  learned  Pole,  who  conversed  in  Greek  aod  Latin  witb 

^  fluency,   telling  us  that  be   bad  met  with  scTeral  scholars  who  were  ranch  more 

,  mdy  than  Prof.  Porf  on  in  maintaintug  a  conTersatiou  with  him  id  these  tanguageff  ; 

[  Int,  M  a  Uniahed  scholar »  it  is  perhaps  not  too  macb  to  say,  rbat  he  possessed  wo 
many  of  the  highest  qualities  that  be  has  never  been  excelled. — Rav. 

t  Sec  the  aeoond  series  of  tbe  "  Mtisse  Etoueoses/'  in  two  volumes,  published  by 
the  Hon.  Mr,  Berbert,  in  179*^.  In  these  we  find  the  names  of  Pox,  Caottiog,  Frere, 
Wellesley.  In  the  former  series,  those  of  Bryant^  Barnard,  and  Gray.  The  latf  Lord 
Sldmontb  also  amused  himtelf  in  his  latter  years  with  the  composition  of  Latin 
venest  not  a  little  emolous,  we  have  heard,  of  Lord  Wellealey*s  lame ;  bat  we  think 
Ike  few  Litin  eompo«itiona  in  verse  of  tbe  late  Lord  T«iiCerdeB»  e^al  if  not  superior^ 
to  any  from  their  liandf,-^Rav. 


3S2 


Lord  firoiigliam*s  SiaUimen 


[MuA, 


poedeal  talent.  The  lines  on  Bedlam, 
etpeoially,  are  of  distinguished  excellence. 
At  Christ  Church,  whither  he  went  from 
Eton,  and  where  he  studied  under  Dr.  W. 
Jackson  (afterwards  Bishop  of  Oxford), 
1m  continued  successfully  engaged  in  das- 
tieal  studies,  and  his  poem  on  the  death 
of  Captain  Cook  showed  how  entirely  he 
had  kept  up  his  school  reputation.  It 
justly  gained  the  UniTerdty  prize.  In  his 
riper  years  he  retained  the  same  classical 
taste  which  had  been  created  at  school 
and  nurtured  at  college.  At  no  time  of 
his  life  does  it  appear  that  he  abandoned 
these  literary  pursuits,  so  well  fitted  to  be 
the  recreation  of  a  mind  like  his.  On  the 
ere  of  his  departure  for  the  East  he  wrote, 
at  Mr.  Pitt's  desire,  those  beautiful  yerses 
on  French  conquest,  which  were  first 
published  in  the  'Anti-Jacobin,'  and  of 
whioh  the  present  Lord  Carlisle,  a  most 
ftniahed  scholar  and  a  man  of  true  poetical 


genius,  gaye  a  tranalation  of  peculiar  fe« 
licity.*  Nor  did  the  same  taste  and  the 
same  power  of  happy  and  easy  Tersifica* 
tion  quit  him  in  his  old  age.  As  late  as 
a  few  weeks  before  his  death  he  amused 
himself  with  Latin  verses,  was  constant  in 
reading  the  Greek  orators  and  poets,  and 
corresponded  with  the  Bishop  of  Durham 
upon  a  faTOurite  project  which  he  had 
formed  of  learning  Hebrew,  that  he  might 
be  able  to  relish  t]be  beauties  of  the  sacred 
writings,  particularly  the  Psalmody,  an 
object  of  much  admiration  with  him. 
His  exquisite  lines  on  the  'Babylonian 
Willow,  transplanted  from  the  Euphrates 
a  hundred  years  ago,*  were  suggested  by 
the  delight  he  took  in  the  137th  Psalm, 
the  most  affecting  and  beautiful  of  thie 
inspired  King's  whole  poetry .f  This  fine 
piece  was  the  production  of  his  eightieth 
year." 


We  DOW  pass  on  to  the  sister  art  of  oratory,  in  which  Lord  Wellesley, 
when  he  chose,  though  too  rarely,  to  call  forth  his  powers,  gave  fine 
examples  of  a  finished  and  highly  wrought  eloquence.  If  that  speech  of 
bis,  relating  we  think  to  our  policy  in  regard  to  France,  which  is  prefixed 
to  his  Spanish  Despatches,  was  really  delivered  by  him,  it  would  at  once, 
and  by  itself,  place  him  in  the  foremost  rank  of  the  orators  of  his  age. 
Bat  we  must  not  neglect  to  gather  the  few  notices  which  Lord  Brougham 
baa  furnished  :-r 


"In  the  Lords'  House  of  the  Irish 
(ariiament.  Lord  Wellesley  (then  Lord 
Momington)  first  showed  those  great 
powers,  which  a  more  assiduous  devotion 
to  the  rhetorical  art  would  certainly  haye 
ripened  into  an  oratory  of  the  highest 
order.  For  he  was  thoroughly  imbued 
with  the  eloquence  of  ancient  Greece  and 
Rome,  his  pure  taste  greatly  preferring, 
of  course,  the  former.  The  object  of  his 
study,  however,  had  been  priDcipally  the 
four  great  orations  (on  the  Crown  and  the 
Embassy) ;  and  I  wondered  to  find  him  in 
his  latter  years  so  completely  the  master 
of  all  the  passages  in  these  perfect  models, 
and'this  before  the  year  1839,  when  he 
began  again  to  read  over  more  than  once 
the  Homeric  poems  and  the  orations  of 
Demosthenes.  I  spent  much  time  with 
b<tw  in  examining  and  comparing  the 
various  parts  of  those  dirine  works,  in 
estamating  their  relative  excellence,  and 
in  discussing  the  connexion  of  the  great 
passages  ana  of  the  argument  with  the 
..__     But  I  recollect  also 


being  surprised  to  find  that  he  had  so 
mu<£  neglected  the  lesser  orations;  and 
that,  dazzled  as  it  were  with  the  work, 
which  is  no  doubt  incomparably  superior 
to  all  others  as  a  whole,  he  not  only  for 
some  time  would  not  allow  his  full  share 
of  praise  to  .£schines,  whose  oration 
against  Ctesiphon  is  truly  magnificent,  all 
but  the  end  of  the  peroratioo,  and  whose 
oration  on  the  Embassy  excels  that  of  his 
illustrious  rival— but  that  he  really  had 
never  opened  his  eyes  to  the  extraordinary 
beauties  of  the  Philippics,  without  fully 
studying  which  I  conceive  no  one  can 
have  an  adequate  idea  of  the  perfection  of 
Demosthenean  eloquence,  there  being 
some  passages  of  fierce  and  indignant 
invective  more  terrible  in  those  speeches 
than  any  that  are  to  be  found  in  the 
Ctesiphon  itself.  Of  this  opinion  was 
Lord  Wellesley  himself  ultimately  *,  and  I 
believe  he  derived  fully  more  pleasure  of 
late  years  than  he  had  ever  done  before 
from  his  readings  of  those  grand  pro- 
ductions." 


plan  of  each  oration 

Yet  Lord  Wel]eslev*s  style,  neither  epistokry  nor  controversial,  was 
formed  on  the  Demosthenean  model  -,  it  had  more  of  the  flowing  Ionian 


*  See  poetry  of  the  **  Anti- Jacobin,**  p.  S3,  for  both  the  English  and  Latin  verses, 
f  Does  Lord  Brougham  mean  to  convey  his  belief  that  all  the  Psalms  were  written 
by  King  David  ?—Rbv. 


1844,]  of  the  Time  of  George  IIL  233 

robe,  than  that  severe  logicmn,  whose  words  seemed  stamped  m  mcDlds, 
^  and  wlio  was  educated   under  the  eye  of  Athens,  would  have  admitted  * 
We  may  admire,  and  indeed  prefer,  certain  models  of  composition,  and  con- 
sider them  superior  to  all  others^  and  yet  feel  that  the  bent  of  our  own  genius 
leads  ns  in  another  path  ;  the  tender,  the  plaintive,  the  pathetic  Euripides 
was  the  favourite  poet  of  Milton  ;  though  lie  himself  delighted  in  soaring 
to  a  bolder  flight  than  *  sad  Electm's  poet  ever  reached/  Stc*   Lord  VVellesley, 
though  he  studied  the  Athenian  orator  in  his  own  style^  approached  more 
•closely  to  the  ornamental  diction  and   the  rich  exuberance  of  the  great 
I  leader  of  the  Bom&n  bar.     On  this   subject  we  must  again  go  to  his 
^friendly  biographer. 

'*  Tht  excellence  of  Lord  WeUetley^B 

ip«ec!ici  htm  been  meotioned.  The  taate 
[  .which  he  had  formed  from  stwdy  of  the 
i  freat  Greek  exemplars  kept  Llin  above  btl 
j Haiel  aod  vafpr  omameats,  and  madt 
I  Ilim  jealously  hold  fast  by  the  purity  of 
^  our  language  ;  btit  it  had  uot  taugbt  tiim 
,  the  virtue  of  coDciseDcss  ;  aiad  he  who 
lit  Dew  the  irtpi  crrct^j^v  hj  heart ,  and 
lalwaji  admitted  ita  tiameasurable  supe- 
rtioricy  lo  the  second  Philifipic  and  the 
I  ^ro  Miloue,  yet  formed  hii  own  style  al- 
I  together  upon  the  Roman  model.  That 
l^tjle,  iiid^^f  was  couiiderahly  dilfuse ; 
rand  the  imnoe  waot  of  compreBsion,  the 
^■uae  redundancy  of  words,  accompanied, 

^weTer^  by  iubatantial  though  not  aliraya 

need  fill  sense  *  was  obsenrable,  though 
J  >au4;li  lea«  obarrvabte,  in  hit  poetical 
[iplecea^  whicb  genermlly  possessed  Tery 
I  si^h  ezceHeAce.     It  is  singular  to  mark 


the  extraordinary  contrast  which  bis 
thoughts  and  his  expressions  presented  in 
this  retpect.  There  was  nothing  super' 
fluoua  or  roundabout  in  his  reasoning — 
nothing  dilatory  or  fet^ble  in  the  concep- 
tions which  produced  bis  plans.  He  gaw 
his  object  at  once,  and  with  intuitiYe  Ba> 
gacity  ;  he  saw  it  in  its  true  colours  and 
real  dicnensions  ;  he  at  one  glance  espied 
the  path,  and  the  shortest  path  that  led  to 
It  i  he  in  an  instant  took  that  path,  and 
reached  his  end.  The  only  prolixity  that 
he  vtcr  fell  into  wasiin  explaining  or  de- 
fending the  proceedings  thus  concisely 
and  rapidly  taken.  To  this  some  addition 
was  not  UQDaturally  made  by  the  dignity 
which  the  habits  of  vice^regal  state  made 
natural  to  him,  and  the  complimentajT 
style  which,  if  a  very  little  tinctured  with 
oriental  taite,  was  very  much  more  the 
result  of  a  kindly  and  generous  nature.** 


It  would  be  wrong,  we  think,  if  discoursing,  as  we  have  done,  on  the 
talents  of  this  illustrious  person  as  an   orator,  a  scholar,  and  a  poet,  to 
leave  his  still  higher  reputation  as  a  statesman  totally  nn mentioned ;  and 
we  mast  therefore  touch  on  one  subject^  though  a  single  and  insulated 
[one,  both  to  do  justice  to  his  memory »* and  as  by  itself  attended  with  cir- 
cumstances not  a  little  remarkable.     It  was  said  that  Lord  Wellesley  had 
never  given  the  Catholics  fair  play,  and  that  his  successor  for  the  ^rst 
lime  administered  the  government  fairly  and  favourably  to  them.     Now, 
[Lord  Brougham  quotes  a  letter  from  Lord  Wellesley  to  the  Cabinet,  written 
Sept.  1834,  from  which  he  gives  an  extract,  urging  strenuously  the 
klQOst  liberal  concessions  to  the  Catholicsj  and  showing  the  expedience  of 
llMimitting  them  to  the  Bench,  to  the  highest  courts  of  the  law,  and  to  ths 
aPrivy  Council  J  from  which,  though  entitled  by  law  to  admission,  they  have 


•  Thia  pralic  mmi  be  applied  to  Lord  Wellealey'i  earlier  poemi  rather  than  bis 
later.  Very  few  peraoni  when  in  advanced  life  compose  with  the  tame  facility  in  « 
dead  language  ii  they  did  in  their  youthful  days.  The  Latin  poems  of  Milton,  Addison, 
and  Gray,  (and  theirs  are  the  best  we  have,)  wcreall  composed  by  them  when  young.  It 
ia  curious  that  the  foreign  acholari  did  not  value  nor  praiae  Mikon^s  Latin  poetry,  but 
ber  disparaged  it.  Probably  it  was  partly  owing  to  his  poll  lies,  which  they  hated, 
_  Dd  partly  it  was  of  a  higher  mood  than  they  could  reach.  The  best  volume  which 
^  IA«y  have  given  us  is  that  which  containa  the  Poemata  of  Grotiua  ;  some  of  great  ei- 
eellence  and  worthy  of  his  reputation.  Tha  most  classical  production  of  a  PreocbmaDf 
we  thiuk,  are  the  poema  by  Huet,  the  learned  Bishop  of  Avrancbes.  Par- 1 709.— R«v. 
GifiT*  Uaq.  Vol.  XXL  3  H 


S34 


LonI 


beenpncticilljezdndcd.   TUs  reaukibk  docoBcat  Lord  1 

for  the  first  time  Bade  |mbfic;iiid  be  np  tint,  tkiM^  ke  kcU  the  | 

■eil  at  the  tine  the  corretpoDdeDce  peaeed,  be  waa  boC        ' 

witb  any  part  of  it  till  the  preaeat  tiine  (1&43)  ;  be  theft  adda,  tkat  Laid 

Melboarne't  adminiitratioD,  in  1835,  waa  •■ppoited  bj  the  tnalftccift  of 

Lord  Wellealer,  oo  the  groond  •(  their  betay  jvat  to  the  Cathalki,  whoB 

ke  Defer  thought  of  relimng  ^  be  i  " 


fa    the 


;»  rw« 


enforcxiif  the  neeeafttj  dp  ttat 
his  dnire  to  cvfjtbe 


1^ 

) 


If  that  pcflw 


ILofd 


Aat  toy  daM  of  ■«■  omU  nbaif  to 
ratcife  npporti^oB  flaca  giouaaif  win- 
OQt  at  once  dedarirtg  diat  the  bUme  and 
the  praise  were  alike  Ctlielj  bertoved; 
bat  I  waa  not  ontbeftc  occaikms  eirare  ^ 
ike  ertrtfme  to  wrkieA  tkia  /cIkAooJ  mmt 
emrritd,  aa  regarded  Ixird  Wellealey*!  ad- 
auaif  tration :  and  I  waa  not  till  now  ia- 
fenned  of  the  eztraorfioaiy  idf-com- 
Bund  which  my  iDiistriottf  friend  had 
obaerred,  in  ndferiiif  all  nch  inimta- 
tfoDi,  without  aoj  attempt  to  protect  him- 
fdf  from  their  force.  ^  •  •  •  •  •  AU 
the  while  that  the  diaKmiaatonof  ihnder 
were  proclaiming  him  ai  abandoninf  the 
Catholica — him  who  had  been  the  fint  to 
more  and  within  a  hair's  breadth  to  obtain 
tfieir  emancipatioa  in  the  Lords,  the 
gtronf -hold  ai  their  enemies,  all  the  while 
tiiat  ttiey  were  exalting  his  svooeason  at 
his  expense,  by  daily  repeating  the  fidae 
asaertton,  that  thej  for  the  first  time  con- 
eeired  the  jnst  and  politic  plan  of  re- 
BMmng  every  obstmction  arising  from 
rdigioo  to  a  fall  eojorment  of  the  public 
patronage,  all  the  while  that  they  were 
pkring  the  Melbourne  Ministry  upon  a 
pinnade,  as  baring  first    adopted    this 

We  DOW  paM  to  aootber  peraoo  of  emiDeDce  id  bis  day,  both  l^gal  and 
politicaJ,  whose  UleDts  doriog  bis  life  were  always  looked  on  with  raapect, 
aod  whose  persoual  habits  aod  pecoliarities  formed  a  soaroe  of  pobfic 
atoaiemeDt  * 

The  accoant  of  the  lace  Lord  EUcDborongh  appears  to  ns  to  be  fairly 
and  accarately  designed,  DOtwithstaDdiag  that  his  loore  Tigorooaly  drawn 
figure  throws  an  oDpleasing  shadow  over  his  sacceaaor  I^rd  Teaterdea. 
L^rd  Brougham  has  described  liis  admirable  defeoce  of  Hastings,  aod  baa 
gratified  os  by  some  oDpoblisbed  specimeos  of  his  eloqaeBoai  bat  we 
mast  conteDt  oiirselres  in  this  case  with  a  single  brick  as  a  apedmen  of 
the  hoose,  aod  merely  qoote  a  few  specimens  of  him  io  his  lighter  mood. 


^bt  king's 

hei 

oSdal  saporion. 
waa  ddayad  for 
until  dK  Ministry  was  rhsntrd.  i 
Wdlesley  followed  them  faito 
heat  least  waa  not  to  be  Mifd  forte 
Buschaaee.  Tet  for  eight  raia  did  ha 
remain  dent  under  teae  Aaiys,  Ibi 
eight  years  £d  the  Ministry  aiilalsla  Ifta 
saaM  silence  under  the  support  whk^ 
those  charges  brought  them  nay,  wi& 
the  pariiamentary  m^orities  whkSk  thqaft 
diargea  daily  afforded  thcas ;  and  bow  Ibr 
the  first  time  diat  docuBBeatseaa  the  1 
in  which  waa  recorded 
nroof  that  the  charges  were  not 
blae,  but  the  rery  rererse  of  the 
that  the  support  thus  gtren  rested  \ 
a  foundatioa  podtiTdy  oppodte   Io  the 


**  His  Tifforous  nnderstaDding,  holding 
BO  fellowsbip  with  anything  that  was 
petty  or  paltry,  naturally  saw  the  con- 
temptible or  inconsistent,  and  therefore 
in  tnifl  wise  ludicrous,  aspect  of  tbinn ; 
Bor  did  he  apply  any  restraint  on  this 
property  of  his  nature  when  he  came  Into 


stations  where  it  oould  less  fireely  be  in- 
dulged. His  faiterfogatite  exdamatioa 
in  Lord  MeMUe't  case,  when  the  partr^s 
ignorance  of  hating  taken  aeeotuttodatioa 
out  of  the  public  ftand  was  alleged— hi- 
deed,  was  prored  may  be  rcmemlieled 
U  rery  pieturesque,  though  perhaps  taatt 


*  See  the  Twopenny  Postbag,  among  others^— a  clerer  sad  amadng  sstira^— Rbt. 


1644.] 


a/  the  Thm  of  George  III, 


235 


I 

I 


'  Wbat,*  said  he/ftti  offence  againat  theUw 
of  ibelAQd  proToked  bjan  olfencc  agaiatt 
the  LawB  of  taAie!  How  frail  is  the 
tepure  by  which  men  hold  their  reputa- 
tion, if  it  may  be  vroru  down  a&d  compro- 
mised away  bet  ween  the  mi«chieyoa« 
flattery  of  fulsome  praise,  and  the  opea 
enmity  of  mdigoaut  abuse  V  But  it  wai 
observed  with  much  less  correctne*s  that 
his  sarcasms  derived  adventitiout^  force 
from  his  Cumberland  dialect.  From  hii 
maimer  amd  voice,  both  powerful,  both 
emJiteDtly  characteristic ,  they  assuredly 
did  derive  a  cotxsiderahle  and  a  legitimate 
acceaaiou  of  effect.  But  hij»  dialtfct  was 
of  little  or  no  avail ;  indeed,  except  in 
the  pronouncinj^  of  a  few  words,  his  sole- 
cisms were  not  perceivable.  It  was  a 
great  mistake  to  suppose  that  such  pro- 
nunciations as  M  arc  ban  t,  Hartford,  were 
proviocial  ;*  they  are  old  English,  and 
came  from  a  time  when  the  spelling  was 
as  we  hove  now  written  the  words.  He 
was  of  those,  too,  who  said  '  LunDun  *  and 
^  Brummagem  ;'  but  this,  too,  is  the  good 
old  Euglish  dialect,  and  was  always  used 
by  Mr.  Perceval,  who  never  crossed  the 
Trent  except  twice  a-year  going  the  Mid- 
laud  Circuit.  Mr,  Fox,  a  lover  of  the 
Sttion  dialect,  ia  like  maoacr,  always  so 
spoke ;  and  preferred  Coles,  and  Sheer, 
and  Groyue,  to  Cadiz,  Shire,  and  Co- 
run  Da.**f 


pimgent  than  dignified.  *  Not  know 
money  ?  Did  he  see  it  when  it  glittered  ? 
Did  he  hear  it  when  it  chinked  ?'  On 
the  bench  he  had  the  very  well  known , 
but  not  very  eloquent,  Henry  Hunt  bo- 
fore  him,  who,  in  mitigation  of  an  ex^pected 
sentence,  spoke  of  some  who  *  complained 
of  his  dangerous  eloquence/ — *  They  do 
you  great  injustice,  sir,'  said  the  con- 
side^e  and  merciful  Chief-Justice ^  kindly 
wanting  to  relieve  him  from  all  anxiety 
on  this  charge.  Aiter  he  had  been  listen- 
ing to  two  convey ancera  ioT  a  whole  day 
of  a  long  and  moat  technical  argument, 
in  silence,  and  with  a  wholesome  fear  of 
lengthening  it  by  any  interruption  what- 
ever, one  of  them  in  reply  to  a  remark 
from  another  judge  said,  *  If  it  is  the 
pleasure  of  jour  lordship  that  I  should 
go  into  that  matter  * — *  We,  sir,*  said  the 
Chiefs  J  notice,  '  have  no  pleasure  in  it 
any  way/  When  a  favourite  special 
pleader  was  making  an  excursion,  some* 
what  unexpected  by  his  hearers,  as  un- 
wonted in  him,  into  a  pathetic  topic— 
*  A/n*t  we,  air,  ratlier  getting  now  into 
the  high  sentimental  latitudes  V  It  was 
observed  with  some  justice,  that  his 
periods  occasionally,  with  his  manner, 
reminded  men  of  Johnson.  When  meet- 
ing the  defence  of  on  advocate  for  a  libel 
on  the  Prince  Regent,  tliat  it  had  been 
provoked  by  the  gross,  and  fulsome,  and 
siUy  flattery  of  some  corrupt  panegyrist— 

But  let  us  tiirti  from  tlie  C hit' f-Ju slice  of  the  EDglisli  courts  to  Lim  wlio 
held  a  Bitnilar  situation  with  such  singular  houour  to  himself  and  satis- 
factioQ  to  others  in  the  sister  country.  We  must  coufioe  ourselves,  how- 
ever^ to  the  subject  of  his  oratory. 


f*  It  is  fit  that  we  §hotild  t^rn  to  the 
merits  of  Chief  Justice  Busbe  while  in 
the  earlier  period  of  his  life  he  filled  a 
high  station  at  the  bar.  Hia  education 
had  been  classical,  and  he  studied  and 
practised  the  rhetorical  art  with  great 
succesftin  the  Historical  Society  of  Dublin 
University,  on  insttitutioQ  famous  for 
having  trained  about  the  same  time  Lord 
Ptunket  to  that  almost  unrivalled  excel- 
lence which  he  early  attained  ^  and  for 


having  at  a  former  period  fostered  and 
exercised  the  genius  of  G rattan,  and 
Flood,  aad  all  the  tminent  Irish  orators. 
Tlie  proficiency  of  Boshe  may  be  estimated 
from  the  impression  which  Mr.  Grattan 
confessed  that  the  young  man  had  made 
upon  hlm^  Having  been  present  at  one 
of  the  debates  in  the  scene  of  his  former 
studies,  and  heard  Bushe  speak,  hii  re- 
mark was,  *  that  he  spoke  with  the  Upa 
of  an  angel. 't    Accordingly,  upon  being 


*  The  late  Lord  Redesdale  and  his  brother  the  Historian  of  Greece  always  pro- 
nounced this  word  "  Marchant,"  and  ho  It  used  to  be  ipelt,  ai  may  be  seen  in  our 
older  authors r  as  it  cgmea  from  the  French  Marchond,  and  not  the  Lfatin  Mercator. — 
Rfcv. 

t  Mr.  Pox  always  proDouuced  Bordeaux  as  if  written  Bordu.r,  giving  the  j  the  fuU 
aound  as  in  English  ;  and  in  eome  letters  of  his  which  we  posacBs,  in  writing  about  his 
garden  at  St*  Ann's  tlill,  he  mentions  his  taylockn  as  in  blossom* — Rev* 

X  When  Mr.  Grattan  hlmaelf  first  spoke  in  the  English  Parliament,  great  expecta- 
tion was  raieed  from  his  fame,  and  every  eye  was  on  him.  Mr.  Grattan  had  a  peculiar 
habit  when  he  spoke  of  bowing  hia  bead  and  body  forcibly  towards  the  ground,  and  at 
Ant  there  was  a  smile  upon  Mr.  Pitt's  lips,  and  on  others  ;  but  iu  ten  minutei  the  orator 
riveted  their  attentioDi  and  hia  luccesa  was  complete*— Kb  v. 


K       meted  m 


i36  Lord  Brongtiam*!  Ski$9mm  [MhcI^ 


etllad  to  the  btr  in  1790,  he  looa  roM  to  and  ohaate,  tad  otw  nbdiad  loat  «f  lla 

eztcBflive  pnctioe,  md  thii  he  owedes  whole  iiiuiTeriedeadvabiolMB;  bvtnA 

much  to  hii  nice  diecretion,  to  the  tact  pniie  belongs  to  •▼«7  part  of  tliii  oniit 

and  the  qnickneu  which  fonni  a  NUi  apeaker^  oratoiy.    Vfhmhf&r  hm  6mSdam 

Priui  ad?ocate*8  most  important  qoalift-  or  ai^g;nes,  mores  the  feeUngs  or 

cation,  as  to  his  powers  of  speakinf.    Of  ridicule  and  sarcasm,  deals  hi 
law  he  had  a  snfficient  proTision  wit 


anT  re 
did  he 


without    inTective,  he  neter  is,  Ibr  m 
remarkable  store  of  learning;   nor     travagant.    We  hare  not  theoooi 


eter  either  at  the  bar  or  on  the     and  yigoroos  demonstration^  of  Ptankil; 
bench  excel  in  the  black-letter  of  the  pro-     we  hare  not  those 


fessioD.    But  his  merit  as  a  speaker  was     sparingly    introduced,    but, 

of  the  highest  description.     His  power  of    used,  of  an  appUcatioa  to  ^  L^ 

narration  has  not,  perhaps,  been  equalled,     absolutely  msgical  ;*  but  we  have  na  aqfoal 


If  any  one  would  see  this  in  its  greatest  display  of  chastened  abstinaioe,  of  i 
perfection,  he  has  only  to  read  the  in«  late  freedom  fktmi  all  the  TioM  of  lla 
imitable  speech  on  the  Trimleston  cause ;  Irish  sdiool,  with,  perhaps,  a  mon  «ia- 
the  narratifo  of  Li?y  himself  does  not  ning  grace  of  diction ;  nd  all  who  haro 
surpass  that  great  effort.    Perfisct  sim-     witnessed  it  agree  in  ascribing  the  malMt 

none  could  iwiat 


plicity,  but  united  with  elegance ;  a  lucid  V^^  to  a  manner  that  none  c 

arrangement  and  unbroken  connexion  of  The  utmost  that  partial  critidaBi  ooald  da 

all  the  facts ;   the  constant  introduction  to  find  a  fault  was  to  praise  the  saaritf  af 

of  the  most  picturesque  expressions,  but  the  orator  at  the  encase  of  bis  fom* 

nsTer  as  ornaments;    these,  the  great  John  Kemble   described   him   as    *  the 

qualities  of  narration,  accomplish  its  great  greatest  actor  off  the  stsfs ;'  bat  ha  Ibtfat 

end  and  purpose;  they  place  the  story  that  lo  great  an  actor  must  also  hava  Blood 

and  the  scene  before  Uie  hearer,  or  the  highest  among  his  Thespiaa  brathraa  had 

reader,  as  if  he  witnessed  the  reality.    It  the  scene  been  shifted." 
is  unnecessary  to  add,  that  the  temperate, 

For  hit  recoIIectioDS  of  the  late  Lord  Holland,  though  we  oonld  have 
wished  them  to  have  been  more  particular^  for  at  what  point  can  oar  corioeitf 
relating  to  sucii  men  be  satisfied,  we  are  gratefol  to  the  biographer.  When 
he  was  a  boy  at  Eton  he  was  attacked  by  a  very  severe  illneaa,  and  an 
anecdote  is  connected  with  it  that  is  new  to  us.  His  nncle,  Mr.  Fox,  was 
then  in  the  north  of  Italy,  and  the  messenger  from  Devonshire  Hooae, 
commissioned  to  summon  him  home  on  account  of  the  King's  illDeas,  met 
him  at  Boulogne.  Mr.  Fox  had  previously  received  intel&enoe  of  Lord 
Holland's  dangerous  illness,  and  the  alarm  occasioned  by  the  appearance 
of  the  courier  was  speedily  changed  into  despair  by  a  few  wordi  which 
he  dropped,  intimating  "  that  he  must  be  dead  by  this  time."  Great  was 
Mr.  Fox*8  relief  and  joy,  probably  in  more  ways  than  one,  upon  findiiy 
that  the  King  was  the  person  alluded  to. 

"Manyyearsslterthisperiod/'saytLord  who  wm  acquainted  with  the  dreomstanoa 
Brougham,  <*  I  saw  his  banker  at  Vicensa,     of  Mr.  Fox's  alarm;  and  I 


*  '*  Let  no  one  hastily  suppose  that  this  is  an  exaggerated  description  of  Lord 
Plunket's  extraordinary  eloquence.  Whera  shsll  be  found  such  figures  ss  those  wU^ 
follow— each  raising  a  living  image  before  the  mhid,  yet  each  embodyfaig  not  meialT  a 
principle,  but  the  very  anument  in  hand— each  lesTing  that  Tery  argument  literaQT 
taransUted  into  figure  ?  The  first  reUtes  to  the  statutes  of  Umitation  or  to  prescriptha 
tiUe.  <  If  time  destroys  the  eiridence  of  title,  the  Uws  hsTO  wisely  and  humanslj 
made  length  of  possession  a  substitute  for  that  which  has  been  destroyed.  He  oomsa 
with  his  scythe  in  one  hand  to  mow  down  the  muniments  of  our  rights  ;  but  in  tha 
other  the  Uw-giycr  has  placed  an  hour-glass,  by  which  he  metes  out  incessantly  those 
portions  of  duration  which  render  needless  the  eridence  that  he  has  swept  awsy." 
Explaining  why  he  had  now  become  a  Reformer,  when  he  had  before  opposed  ^ 
question,  '  Circumstances,'  said  he,  *  era  wholly  chimged ;  formerly  Reform  caoia 
to  our  door  like  a  felon,  a  robber  to  be  resisted.  He  now  approaches  like  a  craditor ; 
you  admit  the  justice  of  his  demand,  sad  only  dispute  the  time  and  Uie  instalments  by 
which  he  shsQ  be  psid.'"  ' 


1844.] 


cfihe  Time  of  George  III, 


237 


I 


I 


I 


pretcnted  j  *  but  I  If  new  him/  said  the 
C&mbkt,  *  by  tbe  prinU/  Th«  rapid 
journey  honie  to  join  the  fray  iben  rtpog 
in  tbe  IIi>it8e  of  Coinmoiii  Iddtbe  fouud- 
atioa  of  the  liver  com  plain  t^  which  eigh- 
teen years  later  ended  in  dropsy,  and  t«r- 
minttted  big  life  ;  but  be  wa^  relieved 
on  bis  nrrtral  from  nil  anxiety  upon  ac- 
count of  hifi  nephew^  whom  he  found  per- 
fectly rettored  to  health." 


■track  with  the  familiar  notion  of  this 
great  man* a  celebrity,  wbicb  teemed 
to  have  reached  that  remote  quarter  at 
a  time  when  political  intelligence  was 
to  much  less  diffused  than  it  hm  been 
since  the  French  Revolution ;  the  banker 
mentioned  haviog  given  professionally  a 
very  practical  proof  of  hts  respect  for  the 
name  ;  he  bad  cashed  a  bill  for  the  ex- 
pense of  his  (Mr.  Fox'^s)  journey  home, 
though  there  was  no  letter  of  introduction 

We  must  pass  over  the  accoynt  of  Lord  Holland's  political  life,  m  order 
to  make  room  for  an  extract  oii  his  powers  as  a  debatert  whicby  ^^  our 
more  coofioed  experience,  seems  not  remote  from  the  truth. 


**  Lord  Holland's  powers  as  a  speaker 
were  of  a  very  high  order.  He  was  full 
of  argument^  which  be  cotild  pursue  with 
great  Tigonr  aad  perfect  closeness ;  eo* 
pious  in  Illustration  ;  with  a  chaste  and 
pn]%  diction,  ahimnmg;^  like  his  uncle, 
everything  extravagant  in  ^^re  and  un- 
usual ia  phrase;  often,  like  him,  led 
away  by  &q  iugenuity^  and  bke  him  not 
imfi^quently  led  to  take  a  trivial  view  of 
his  subject,  and  to  dweE  upon  some  iEuall 
matter  which  did  not  much  help  on  the 
business  in  hand ,^  but  always  keeping  that 
in  view,  and  making  no  sacrifices  to  mere 
eflect.  Declamation — solemn^  Eustained 
declamation — was  the  forte  of  neither,  al- 
though occasionally  the  uncle  wouJd  show 
that  he  could  excel  in  that  also,  as  Ra- 
phael has  painted  perhaps  the  finest  ire- 
light  piece  in  the  world,  and  Titian  the 
noblest  Undscape.^  Neither  made  any  the 
least  pretence  to  gracefulness  of  action, 
and  both  were  exceedingly  deficient  in 
▼oicer  the  nephew  especially,  as  he  had 
little  of  the  redeeming  qnatity  by 
which  his  uncle  occasionally  penetrat^id 
and  thrilled  his  audience,  with  those  high 
and  shrill  notes  that  proceeded  from 
him  when,  heated  with  his  argument,  he 
overpowered  both  his  own  natural  besita* 
tion  and  the  facnlties  of  his  bearer.  In 
Lord  HoUaod  the  hesitatioo  waa  so  great 
•i  to  be  often  paiofnl ;  and,  instead  of 
yielding  to  the  increased  volume  of  his 


matter,  it  often  made  him  breathless  in 
the  midat  of  bis  more  vehement  discourse* 
He  wanted  command  of  himself ,  andp 
seeming  to  be  run  away  with,  be  was  apt 
to  lose  the  command  over  his  audience. 
The  same  delicate  sense  of  humour  which 
distinguished  Mr.  Fox,  he  also  showed ; 
and  much  of  that  exquisite  Attic  wit,  which 
formed  so  large  and  so  effectire  a  portion 
of  that  great  orator* s  argumentation,  never 
uselessly  introduced,  always  adapted 
nicely  to  the  occasion,  always  aiding, 
and,  as  it  were,  clinching  the  reason- 
ing. Thus  accomplished  as  he  was  for 
the  rhetorical  art,  had  his  health,  and 
a  kind  of  indolence  common  to  all  the 
Fox  family — perhaps,  too,  their  disdain 
of  all  preparation,  all  but  natural  t\o^ 
qnence — ^allowcd  bim  to  study  oratory 
more,  it  is  difficult  to  say  bow  high  a  place 
be  might  have  reached  among  orators. 
Certainly  no  one  could  any  day  have  been 
surprised  to  hear  him  deliver  some  great 
speech  of  equal  merit  with  those  of  the  11- 
luatrioua  kinsman  whom  he  so  much  re- 
sembled. It  was  once  said  by  Lord 
Erskinc,  on  bearing  bim  make  a  speech 
off-hand,  a  great  display  of  argumentative 
power,  *  I  shall  complain  of  tlie  Usher  of 
the  Black  Rod  :  why  did  he  not  take 
Charles  Pox  into  custody  last  night? 
What  the  deuce  business  has  a  member 
of  the  other  House  to  come  up  and  make 
hia  speeches  here?'** 


It  waa  perhaps  to  this  indolence  of  character  to  wbicli  Lord  Broygbam 
alludes,  that  in  literature  we  possess  so  fevF  productions  of  Lord  Holland's 
pen  )  and  yet  bis  life  of  Lope  deVega  possesses  sucU  excellence^  sucb  just* 


•  To  what  picture  does  Lord  Brougham  allude  ?  To  the  one  at  th«  Marquess  of 
Westminster's,  the  View  of  Cadore  ?  Certainly  Titian^s  compositions  in  biDdscapc, 
as  seen  in  the  etchings  of  them,  as  well  as  in  the  paiutings,  are  of  the  noblest  kind  ;  full  of 
grandeur  and  picturesque  scenery  and  poetic  thought,  nothing  can  be  finer.  Wc  also 
number  among  his  fine  designs,  as  seen  io  the  wood  cuts,  a  battle  piece,  in  which  is  a 
warrior  on  horseback,  of  such  surpassing  grace  and  dignity,  that  whenever  the  late  Mr. 
Uvedale  Price  came  to  town  and  visited  the  friend  who  possessed  it,  he  Invariably  said, 
**  Come,  I  must  see  this  noble  i^ur§  of  Titian  again,"  looking  «t  it  always  with  m  ua» 
ftbtted  «dffliration«^Exir, 


838  Lord  Bnwgham't  BMmmm 

neu  of  criticism^  and  correctness  and  ease  of  style  and  hngiiaie,  m  mvst 
make  us  the  more  lament  that  he  has  written  so  little,  who  Cfuld  write  so 
well.  Lord  Brongham  has  mentioned  as  his  other  compositions,  the  In^ 
trodaction  to  Mr.  Tox*s  history,  snd  the  Preface  to  Lord  Qrford's  and  Ijisd 
Waldegrave*s  memoirs— to  which  we  can  only  add  a  oo|)f  of  Ondi 
hexameter  verses  on  a  billiard  table,  or  rather,  we  think,  on  figMng  a 
billiard  room,  printed  by  Lord  Grenville  in  his  Nng«  MetrioB,  Ba( 
though  Lord  Holland,  like  other  men  of  letters,  preferred  d^  oompa 
tivel^  easy  enjoyment  of  reading  to  the  labours  of  conpositkMi,  yol 
studies  were  of  an  extent  that  uiowed  how  mnch  exertion  he  coald  a 
to  satisfy  his  cariosity.  In  the  later  years  of  his  life,  he  read  throngh  the 
whole  of  the  works  of  Erasmus,  extending  to  twelve  folio  ndnmes  of 
closely  printed  Latin  -,  and  we  also  happen  to  know,  that  he  perused  the 
whole  of  Bayle*s  Dictionary,  the  repository  of  so  much  cuiiooa  and  ofasciire 
erudition — in  the  octavo  edition  which  he  procured  for  the  purpose.  He 
was  also  fond  of  transcription :  when  at  Brightouj  he  transcribed  two 
of  the  books  of  Homer's  Iliad,  in  which  employment  he  seemed  to  tel 
much  interest.  "  Now,*'  said  he  to  a  friend  who  mentioned  the  anecdote  to 
us,  and  who  was  in  the  habit  of  duly  calling  on  him—"  yon  ha¥e  j«ft 
come  in  as  I  have  finished  my  task.** 

From  the  account  of  Mr.  John  Allen,  so  well  known  as  the  friend  of 
Lord  Holland,  and  as  a  person  unexcelled  for  his  knowledge  of  the  ooa- 
stitutional  history  of  the  country,  as  well  as  for  his  general  inlelligeoce  and 
information,^— there  are  two  short  passages  which  we  diink  too  curioos  not 
to  bring  to  notice.  The  first  relates  to  the  Reform  Bill  j  and  Loid 
Brougham^  speaking  of  it^  mentions  Mr.  Allen's  opinion. 

**  He  had  originally  been  a  somewhat  hardly  be  brought  to  apprQifa  of  any 
indir^Hn^tit  admirer  of  the  French  Re-  change  at  all  in  onr  ParlUuDaeBtsry  eonsli- 
volution,  and  waa  not  of  the  number  of  tntion.  He  held  the  meaaure  of  1831— 
ita  etUcgiata  whom  the  ezceaaea  of  1793  1839  ai  all  but  revolutionary  i  vagmiailB 
and  1794  alienate  from  iu  caoae.  £fen  of  ita  effects  ontheatructureof  the  Honaa 
the  Directorial  tyranny  had  not  opened  hia  of  Commons ;  and  regarded  it  aa  having  in 
eyea  to  the  evila  of  ita  coune  t  but  a  larger  the  reault  woriud  great  miachief  on  the 
acquuntance  with  mankind,  more  of  what  compoaition  of  that  body,  wAoliMr  It- 
la  termed  knowledge  of  the  world,  greatly  u^  it  wnigkt  Mmv€  Mcurtd  to  ikt  WV§9 
mitigated  the  atrength  of  hia  opiniona,  m  a  pmrip  Meatifre.  Lord  HoUani  M 
and  hia  minute  atndy  of  the  ancient  made  up  hia  ound  to  an  entire  approvalef 
hiatory  of  our  own  conatitntion  com-  the  §ektm9  Mi  afceaaary,  jf  nol  ^  tka 
plated  hia  emancipation  from  earlier  pre-  eotaUty,  mi  Uattfw  ike  Likermipm^t  ^ 
judicea— nay,  rather  eaat  hia  opiniona  ^kick  A§  wot  devoted/  and  he  aapportsd 
into  the  opposite  scale ;  for  it  ia  certain  it,  aa  hia  uncle  had  done  the  ftr  leas  a- 
that  during  the  last  thirty  or  forty  Tears  tenaive  reform  propoaed  by  Lord  Grey  in 
of  hia  life, — ^in  other  worda,  during  all  hia  1797,  which,  leu  aa  it  waa,  tctt  auioh 
political  life,  far  from  tolerating  revolu-  exceeded  any  reform  Tiewa  of  bla  owUf 


tionary  couraea,  or  ahowing  any  tender-     supported  it  aa  a  pmrip  wteuwre  i 

neaa  towarda  innovationa,  he  was  a  re-    far  keeping  iogeiker  ike  Ldber^bodif^mid 

former  on  so  amall  a  scale,  that  he  could     eomeeliiatiMg  ikeir  power.*' 

And  this  is  the  authentic  history  of  this  memorable  act  of  patriotic 
virtue.  Lord  Brougham  cannot  be  mistaken,  for  he  was  then  united  with 
those  in  power,  and  himself  greatly  assisted  in  the  success  of  the  Keform 
Bill.  Such  then  is  the  fact,  and  we  shall  content  ourselves  with  saying, 
Tant  pis  pour  Ui/aki.* 

*  This  surely  wHl  always  remain  a  singnlariy  cnrioaa  page  in  the  poUtioal  hlstotv 
of  the  country,    A  bold  experiment  was  mads  on  the  constttulioni  nd  fandaaMW 


1N4.] 


ofiU  ftme  ofGeorfi  TIL 


239 


I 


The  otbcr  point  relates  to  the  question  which  Lord  Brougham,  after  ex* 
patiating  on  Mr.  Allen's  talents  and  virtnei,  eupposes  might  be  put. 


**  How  it  happened  that  one  of  lib 
great  tulcnts,  lonf  experiencei  and  many 
rare  aceompllshiQcota,  connecteti  oa  he 
WBJ  with  the  leadrng  atateamen  of  hia 
time  (the  MiBbter^  of  the  Crowo  for  the 
taat  tea  years  of  hia  life),  should  never 
hare  been  hron^ht  into  public  life,  nor 
CTCT  b*en  made  in  any  way  available  to 
the  aerrice  of  the  country  ?  nor  can  the 
answer  to  thia  queitioa  be  that  he  had  no 

Sowera  of  public  speaking  ;  and  would,  if 
I  PafliamenC^  have  been  for  the  most 
part  A  ailent  member ;  becanse  it  would 
not  ht  easy  to  name  a  more  unbroken  si- 
tenoe  than  was  for  many  long  years  kept 
bj  such  leading  Wliigs  as  Lord  John 
ifownshead,  Mr.  Hare,  and  General  Fits- 
Patrick,  with  oat  wliom^  nerertheleis,  it 
waft  alwayt  anpposed  that  the  Whig  pha- 
lanx would  haYO  been  wanting  in  its  just 
proportions ;  and  also  because  there  arc 
many  important^  many  eren  high  political, 
offices  that  can  well  and  usefully  be  filled 
by  men  whoUy  unused  to  the  wordy  war  j 
yet  Mr.  Allen  nerer  filled  any  place  ex- 
cept as  secretary^  nay^  under  secretary  for 


a  few  montbi  to  the  Commlssionert  fb^ 
trcflttng  with  America  in  1^06.  Then  I 
fear  we  are  drireBf  in  accounting  tot  this 
strange  faot|  to  the  high  aristocratic 
habits  of  our  government,  if  tlie  phrase 
may  be  allowed  ;  and  can  comprehend  Mr, 
Allen's  entire  exdnsion  from  power  in  no 
other  way  than  by  considering  it  as  now 
a  fixed  and  settled  rule,  that  there  is  in 
this  country  a  line  drawn  between  the 
ruling  caste  and  the  rest  of  the  commn- 
nity — not,  Indeed,  that  the  Intter  are 
mere  hewers  of  wood  and  drawers  of 
water ^  bnt  that  out  of  a  profession  like  the 
harj  intimately  connected  with  poll  tics »  or 
out  of  the  patrician  circles  themselTeSi 
the  monopolists  of  poll ti cat  preferment, 
no  sucli  rise  is  in  oroinary  cases  possible* 
Tbe  genius  of  our  system  f  tery  far  from 
consulting  its  stable  endurance,  ap> 
pears  thus  to  apportion  its  labours  and 
its  enjoyments,  separating  the  two  clossea 
of  our  citizens  by  an  impasiable  line,  and 
bestowing  freely  upon  the  one  the  swea^ 
and  tbe  toil^  while  it  reaerrea  strictly  for 
the  other  the  fruit  and  the  shade/' 


As  a  simple  matter  of  fact  we  believe  the  above  statement  to  be  gene- 
rally true,  and  yet  we  must  recallect  some  remarkable  exceptions — ^Ri chard 
Briiisley  Sbcridan  was  one  s  is  not  tbe  present  Prime  Minister  another  ? 
and  then  the  exception  of  the  law  m  so  large,  as  to  diminiah  ^eatly  the 
fdrce  of  tlie  general  rule.  We  ahoald  say,  not  tbat  such  a  man  m  Mr« 
Allen  would  be  excluded  from  office,  but  that,  if  not  in  a  profession,  he 
would  seldom  seek  it,  and  seldom  be  found  adapted  to  it,  Tbe  law  m 
England  seems  to  supply  from  its  copious  stores  all  the  Parliamentary  abi- 
lity and  constitutional  knowledge  that  is  perhaps  deficient  in  the  rank  of  the 
anstocracy.  Where  else  would  you  go  ?  As  in  France,  to  the  philosophers, 
and  men  of  letters  ?  To  tbe  political  eeonomlstSi  the  tbeoriats,  the  writers 
in  re?ieW8,  and  the  speculators  in  pamphlets  ?  We  see  no  prospect  of  ad- 
vantage in  this.  No  man  can  attain  eminence  in  the  profession  of  the 
laW  without  great  knowledge  and  greater  ability  ;  and  his  is  the  very  know- 
ledge and  the  very  ability  wanted  in  the  eouucil  cihamber  and  in  the 
tenate.  We  fear,  in  such  cases,  the  man  of  letters  and  the  student  would 
in  the  warfare  required,  in  the  act i ire  exercise  of  his  talents,  and  in  the 
conflict  of  debated  counsels,  be  found  deficient  ^  but  the  door  of  admission 
is  wider  than  Liord  Brougham  has  described.  Have  we  not  lately  seen 
one  of  our  merchants  employed  by  Government  on  an  embassy  of  the 
highest  importance  to  the  country,  with  tbe  largest  delegated  power,  and 
almost  ultlimited  confidence  ?  surely  the  ranh^  station,  and  deserved  repu- 

cbangen  introduced,  against  the  opinion  of  the  most  able  experienced  statesmen,  as 
weH  at  those  who,  aloof  from  practical  interference  with  public  affairs,  had  studied  tbe 
lawS|  and  government,  and  institntionSt  and  were  familiar  with  their  structure  i — solely 
for  the  avowed  purpose  of  keeping  a  political  party  together  ;  and  mark  the  resiilt  I 
within  two  or  three  years  after  this  popular  sacrifice  to  the  idol  of  power^  they  lost 
the  confidence  of  the  people,  then  their  majoritiei  in  the  House,  and  then  their  places, 
wMA  Ikl7  had  00  dearly  bought. — Rsv, 


2M  Lord  Broogfaain's  8iiKieime»  l}btdk, 

tation  of  Lord  Ashburton  must  haye  been  oTerlooked  by  Lord  Brooghaa^ 
or  he  woDld  have  qaalified  an  assertioD,  which,  however,  we  grantj  AmImh 
generally  truer  than  it  is  at  the  present  time. 

We  have  no  space  to  enter  into  a  general  review  of  the  character  of  the 
administration  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole  in  the  Appendix  3  bat  the  portnit 
appears  to  us  to  be  just,  as  the  motive  for  introducing  it  is  honoiurabie  lo 
the  writer ;  for  his  object  appears  to  be  that  of  clearing  the  memory  of  Uiii 
ffreat  statesman  from  the  charges  of  peculation  which  were  made  against 
nim.  It  is  well  known  that  he  was  sent  to  the  Tower  upon  an  ac- 
cnsation  of  having  received  900/.  from  a  contractor,  was  expelled  the 
House  of  Commons,  though  neither  impeached  or  prosecoted,  and*  00 
being  re-elected  in  the  same  parliament,  was  declared  ineligible  by 
a  msgority  of  the  House.  It  appears  that  this  money  was  redly  paiiC 
through  Walpole*s  hands,  to  a  friend  named  Mann,  to  whom  Walpole  gave  a 
share  of  the  contract  j  but  Mann  died,  and,  the  notes  being  maae  payable 
in  Walpole*s  name,  a  case  of  fraud  and  suspicion  was  ezdted.  From  this 
act  of  imprudence,  heightened  as  it  was  by  the  factions  spirit  of  the  day 
into  peculation,  Walpole  speedily  and  entirely  recovered ;  for  four  years 
after,  he  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  Treasury,  and  afterwards  became 
the  head  of  the  Government  for  nearly  the  whole  remainder  of  his  fills ; 
nor  was  any  allusion  ever  made  to  it  by  the  very  factious  and  angry  oppo- 
sition by  which  his  administration  was  so  vehemently  assailed. 

The  general  charge  of  peculation,  grounded  on  the  comparisoD  of  hii 
expenditure  with  his  means,  appears  more  difficult  to  meet.  With  a 
fortune  originally  of  about  2000/.  a-year,  and  which  never  rose  to  more 
than  double  that  amount^  he  lived  with  a  profusion  amounting  to  extra- 
vagance,  insomuch,  that  one  of  his  yearly  meetings  at  Houston,  **  the 
congress,'*  as  it  was  called,  in  autumn,  and  which  lasted  six  or  eight 
weeks,  and  was  attended  bv  all  his  supporters  in  either  House,  and  by 
their  friends,  cost  him  3000/.  a-year.  His  buildings  and  purchases  were 
estimated  at  200,000/.  and  to  this  most  be  added  40,000/.  for  pictarea. 
Now  it  is  true  that  he  had  for  many  years  his  own  official  income  of 
3000/.,  with  2000/.  more  of  a  sinecure,  and  his  family  had  between 
3000/.  and  4000/^  more  in  places  of  the  like  description ;  still,  if  the 
expensive  style  of  his  living  be  considered,  and  that  his  income  was  at  the 
very  outside  only  12,000/.  clear,  including  the  places  of  his  sons,  it  is  quite 
impossible  to  understand  how  above  200,000/.,  or  nearly  twice  the 
average  value  of  his  whole  private  property,  could  have  been  accnmn- 
lated  by  his  savings*  His  wife*s  fortune  only  paid  off  his  incom- 
brances;  his  gains  upon  the  fortunate  sale  of  the  South- Sea  Stock  just 
before  the  fall,  could  hardly  account  for  the  sum,  although  he  states  in 
a  letter  to  one  of  his  friends,  that  he  got  a  thousand  per  cent  on  what 
he  purchased.  On  the  whole  we  must  be  content  to  admit,  that  some 
cloud  hangs  over  this  part  of  hie  history ;  and  that  the  generally  prevailing 
attacks  against  him  in  this  quarter  have  not  been  so  snccessfnUy  repobed. 
Lord  Brougham  then  enters  into  the  subject  of  the  chaige  made  against 
the  Minister  for  corrupt  influence  and  open  bribery.  He  remarks, 
''  that  in  those  days,  the  men  were  hr  less  pure  who  filled  the  highest 
places  in  the  state,  and  that  parliamentary  as  well  as  ministerial  influence 
was  pitched  upon  a  lower  scale  than  it  has  been  since  the  oomUnations 
of  political  party  have  proceeded  more  upon  principles  than  personal 
connexions  ;*'  besides,  he  justly  observes,  "  that  the  period  of  Walpole's 
power  was  one  likely  to  introduce  extraordinary  scenes  into  the  po&lical 
2 


1844.] 


of  the  Time  of  Cnrge  III. 


241 


I 
I 


I 


I 


lysteni,  nnct  the  stake  was  not  always  a  Minhiry  ahne,  but  aho  a  Crowik,* 
Lord  Brougham  considers  Walpole's  famciiis  saying,  that  '^all  mt-n  have 
their  price,*'  can  prove  nothing  unless  price  be  defined  ;  and  that,  if  a  libe- 
ral sense  is  given  to  the  word,  the  projxisition  more  resembles  a  truism  than 
a  aueer  j*  and  after  all  comes  the  real  question,  did  he  err  in  hh  low  esti- 
mate of  pohlic  virtue  j  and  was  he  wrong  in  the  mean  opinion  of  others 
which  he  had  formed  ?  Now,  after  recollecting  what  I^ord  Brougham  lias 
ftlready  told  usi  that  parliamentary  as  well  as  mini»tenal  virtue  was  in  Wal- 
pole's  time  pitched  on  a  lower  scale  than  now,  let  os  hear  what  the  atatesman 
of  the  present  century  can  say  to  support  the  statesraan  of  the  lastj  and 
bow  far  he  himself  breathed  a  purer  atmospberei  when  lie  w*as  enjoying  the 
pfttronage  and  dispensing  the  favours  of  the  Crown «  Let  us  liaten  with 
Btteotion  to  what  Lord  Brougham  says  of  the  fruits  of  bis  own  experience. 


"No  one  who  has  been  long  tbf 
dUpenier  of  patrona^  among  large  bodies 
of  hit  fellow  citiKeni  can  fail  to  see  Id- 
fitiitetf  more  numeroni  Instances  of 
•ordid,  i€|ti»bt  greed j,  ungrateful  conductr 
than  of  the  rirtaes  to  which  such  hdteful 
qualities  stand  opposed.  Daily  cxampleB 
eome  before  him  of  the  most  unfeeling 
acrimony  towards  com peti tori, — the  moat 
for-fetched  iqueamish  jealousy  of  all  con- 
flii  ting  claima— UDbliipMng  falsehood  in 
both  its  bratichea,  boaatiog  and  detraction 
— grasping  aelfiihacss  io  both  kiods, 
greedy  pursuit  of  men's  own  breads  and 
cold  caJciilating  upon  others'  blood — the 
fury  of  disappointment  when  that  has  not 
b«ea  dooe  which  it  was  impossible  to  do — 
swift  oblivioQ  of  all  that  has  been  granted 
—  unreasonable  expectation  of  more,  only 
bccaoM  much  has  been  given— not  seldom , 
fafoors  repaid  with  hatred  and  ill  treat- 
meat,  at  if  by  this  unnatural  ouurse  the 


account  might  be  settled  between  grati- 
tude and  pride— such  are  the  secrets  of 
the  human  heart  which  power  soon  dii- 
closes  to  its  possessor  :  add  to  these »  tb&t 
which,  howoTer,  deceires  no  one — the 
never  ceasing  hypocrisy  of  declaring,  that 
whatever  is  most  eagerly  sought  is  only 
coveted  as  affording  the  means  of  terviag 
the  country,  and  will  only  be  taken  at  the 
sacrifice  of  individual  interest  to  the  sense 
of  public  duty  ;  ami  I  derirt  to  bit  undmr* 
Mtood  here,  at  tpeakin^  from  my  own  of- 
ficiat  erp^rienct.  It  is  not  believed  that 
in  our  own  times  men  are  at  nil  worse 
than  they  were  a  century  ago*  Why  thea 
shonld  we  suppose  that  one  who  had  been 
Prime  Minister  for  twenty  years,  and  in 
office  five  or  six  more,  had  arrived  at  bit 
notion  of  human  nature  from  a  mijisn* 
thropical  disposition  rsther  than  from  his 
personal  experience, — a  larger  one  than  I 
possessed  ?*' 


Lord  Bronghani  then  enters  into  the  merits  of  Walpole*s  administration^ 
and  the  beneficial  results  of  his  wieq  and  virtnons  policy,  though  directly 
opposed  to  the  feelings  of  the  country,  and  the  personal  ambition  of  the 
King,  His  remonstrance  against  the  "  petty  Germanic  schemes**  of 
George  \h  were  unremitting ;  and  once  he  had  the  courage  to  tell 
him  how  much  **  the  welfare  of  his  oxvn  dominions  and  the  happiness  of 
Eorope  depended  on  his  being  a  great  King  rather  than  a  considerable 
Elector/'  If  such  a  speech  was  likely  to  be  little  palatable  to  his  electoral 
higbneas,  still  leas  pleasing  must  have  been  the  remark  which  he  ventured 
to  make  on  one  of  the  many  occasions  when  the  im|>lBcable  hatred  of  the 
Duke  of  Brunswick  to  that  of  Brandenburg  broke  out.  '*  Will  your 
Majesty  engage  In  an  enterprise  which  must  prove  both  disgracefnl  and 
disadvantageous  ?  Why,  Hanover  will  be  no  more  than  a  breakfast 
to  the  Piusaiao  army  V  We  must,  before  we  leave  the  history  of  this 
able  minister^  touch  on  one  act  of  his  administration,  which  excited  against 

*  It  has  been  positiTcly  affirmed  that  the  remark  ivM  neter  w«de,  and  that  WaU 
pole,  alluding  to  mme  fr^utiouj  sod  profligate  adversaries  and  their  adherents,  said, 
"all  tAewe  men  have  their  price."  After  all  we  must  recollect,  that  those  who 
tempted  them»  and  gave  them  the  first  taste  for  plunder,  were  the  most  to  blame.  The 
Prioee  of  Wales,  pleased  with  a  speech  of  **  downright  Shippens,**  sent  him  1000/. 
by  hta  Groom  of  the  Bedchamber — R£v. 

Gent.  Mao,  Vol.  XXL  2  I 


S4S 


Lord  Broogham't  Staiemen 


[Mtfch^ 


him  a  clamour,  as  disproportioned  to  the  importance  of  the  subject,  aa 
it  was  utterly  factious  in  its  origin,  and  false  in  its  accosatioo.  It  is 
well  known  that  he  relinquishedy  after  a  violent  struggle.  Us  great  and 
useful  measure  of  the  Excise. 


<'He,"  nys  Lord  Brougham,  <<had 
carried  it  by  majorities,  always  decreasing ; 
and  when  l&iially  the  majority  was  imder 
twenty,  he  gave  it  up  on  ascertaining  that 
the  people  were  so  generally  set  against 
it  that  the  aid  of  troops  would  be  re- 
quired to  collect  it.  '  No  rcTenue,'  said 
diis  constitutional  minister,  'ought  to 
be  leried  in  this  free  country,  that  it  re- 
quires the  sabre  and  Uie  bayonet  to  collect.' 
A  Uamed  and  eminently  narrow-minded 
man,*  hating  Walpole  for  his  rerolution 
principles,  has  not  scrupled  to  record  his 
own  factious  folly  in  the  definition  of 
Bxeiee  giren  in  his  dictionary.  Another, 
a  greater,  a  more  factious  and  a  less  honest 
man,  helped,  and  much  less  impotently 
helped,  to  clamour  down  the  only  other 
part  of  Walpok's  domestic  administra- 
tion  which  has  erer  been  made  the  subject 
of  open  attack ;  though  doubtless  the  ex- 
tinction of  Jaeobitiem  was  the  real  but 
hidden  object  of  .all  these  iuTcctiTes-^I 
BMsn  Dean  Swift,  whose  promotion  in  the 
Church  he  had  prerented,  upon  discover- 
Ing  the  most  glaring  accounts  of  base 
perfidy  on  the  part  of  that  unprincipled 
wit,  and  whose  rCTcnge  was  taken  against 
the  proTision  made,  rather  by  Walpole's 

With  the  following  observations,  which  form  the  concluding  passage  of 
the  life  of  this  statesman,  we  think  there  are  few  who  will  not  agree  ; 
but  it  is  of  more  importance  to  remark^  that  the  feeling  which  the  author 
■o  impressively  inculcates  is  one  that  has  gained  ground,  and  spread  among 
the  community  in  exact  proportion  as  general  intelligence  has  increased  $ 
that  it  has  evidently  followed  upon  the  most  splendid  career  of  victorjr, 
and  the  most  brilliant  exploits  of  war  which  the  national  annals  ever  could 
boast ;  and  therefore  we  must  feel  that  it  has  its  rise  in  the  deep  founda- 
tions of  wisdom  and  religion  ;  that  it  has  nothing  temporary  or  capricious 
about  it  i  and  that  we  may  hope  it  will  spread  through  other  nations  and 
future  ages,  till  it  becomes  the  general  and  consistent  voice  of  humanity. 


predecessors  than  himself,  for  supplying 
a  copper  coinage  to  Ireland,  upon  tmss 
to  the  trader  perfectly  fair,  and  to  the 
country  sufficiently  adTantageous.  The 
Drapief*9  Letteri,  one  of  his  most  famous, 
and  by  far  his  most  popular  produotionsb 
the  act  of  his  life,  he  was  accustomed  to 
confess,  upon  which  rests  his  whole  Iriih 
popularity — and  no  name  e?er  n^ained 
Its  estimation  in  the  mind  of  the  Irish 
people  nearly  so  long, — urged  his  ooontry- 
men  to  reject  these  halfpence ;  it  being, 
the  Tery  reverend  author  solemnly  aaserteo, 
'  their  first  duty  to  God,  next  to  the  sal- 
Tation  of  their  souls  ;'  and  he  asserted.  Im- 
pudently asserted,  that  the  coin  was  wortii 
only  a  twelfth  of  its  nominal  Talue.  Im- 
pudently I  repeat,  and  why?  bcwause  a 
careful  assay  was  made  inunediately  at 
the  English  Mint,  by  the  master  of  the 
Mint,  and  the  result  was  to  ascertain  that 
the  standard  weight  was  justly  proved. 
And  who  was  that  master  ?  None  other 
than  Sir  Isaac  Newton.  The  »^tlumnifrs 
and  the  ribaldry  of  the  dean  prerailed  over 
the  experiments  of  the  illustrious  phi- 
losopher, and  the  coinage  was  withdimwa 
from  circulation.**f 


**  Before  proceeding  to  Walpole*s  great 
adversary,  Bolingbroke,  here  I  may  pause 
to  state,  why  so  large,  as  it  may  appear 
so  disproportioned,  a  space  has  been  al- 
lotted to  Walpole,  the  centre  figure  in 
this  group.  It  is  because  there  is  no- 
thing more  wholesome  for  both  the  people 
and  their  rulers  than  to  dwell  upon  the 
excellence  of  those  statesmen  whose  lives 
have  been  spent  in  furthering  the  useful, 
the  sacred  work  of  peace.    The  thought- 


less vulgar  are  ever  prone  to  magnify  the 
brilliant  exploits  of  arms  which  Mxile 
ordinary  understandings,  and  prevent 
any  account  being  taken  of  the  cost  and 
the  crime  that  so  often  are  hid  In  the 
guise  of  success.  All  merit  of  that  diining 
kind  is  sure  of  passing  current  for  more 
than  it  is  really  worth ;  and  the  eye  is 
turned  indifferently  and  cTen  scornfully 
upon  the  unpretending  virtue  of  the  true 
friend  to  his  species,  the    minister  who 


*  Dr.  S.  Johnson. 

t  See  also  on  this  iulject,  represented  here  in  its  true  colours,  Sir  W.  Scott's  Life 
of  Swift.— Rav. 


18440 


of  the  Time  of  George  IIL 


243 


devotes  all  hu  CAres  to  stay  the  wof«t 
of  crimefl  that  can  be  committed*  the  last 
of  calamities  that  can  be  endured  b^  mao. 
To  hold  up  such  meo  as  Walpole  in  the 
face  of  the  world,  as  the  model  of  a  wise, 
a  iafeand  honest  ntlerr  becomes  the  moat 
•icred  duty  of  the  impartial  historian; 


and,  as  has  been  aaid  of  Cicero  md  of 
eloquence  by  a  great  critic,*  that  statci- 
mau  may  feel  assured  that  he  has  made 
progress  in  the  science  to  which  his  life 
u  devoted »  who  shall  heartily  admkfl  the 
public  character  of  Walpok/' 


Lord  Brougham  comraeocea  hia  account  of  Lord  BolmgbTolce  by  the 
JQSt  observation,  '*  that  few  men,  whose  public  life  was  so  short,  have 
filled  a  greater  space  in  the  eyes  of  the  world  during  his  own  times  than 
Lord  BoUngbroke,  or  left  behind  them  a  more  brilliant  reputation.  Not 
more  than  fifteen  years  elapsed  between  his  first  coming  into  ParUamenfe 
and  bis  attainder  j  during  not  more  than  ten  of  these  years  was  he  brought 
forward  in  the  course  of  its  proceedings  ;  and  yet,  as  a  statesman  and  an 
orator,  his  name  ranks  among  the  most  famous  in  oar  history,  inde- 
pendently of  the  brilliant  literary  reputation  which  places  him  among  the 
first  classics  of  what  we  generally  call  our  Augustan  age/'  Notwithstand- 
ing the  number  and  extent  of  his  written  works.  Lord  Brougham  considers 
that  his  reputation  rests  mainly  on  his  eloquence;  yet,  as  no  reports  of  those 
speeches  were  made  at  the  time,  we  must  entirely  rely  on  the  unanimous 
voice  of  his  contemporaries  and  on  tradition,  for  our  belief  in  the  admira* 
tion  which  was  excited  by  his  oratory.f  Lord  Brougham  adds,  that  "  the 
contemplation  of  this  chasm  it  was  that  made  Mr.  Pitt,  when  musing  upon 
its  brink,  and  calling  to  mind  all  that  fcight  be  fancied  of  the  orator  from 
the  author,  and  all  that  traditional  testimony  had  handed  down  to  us,  sigh 
after  a  '  Sjieech  of  Bolingbroke/ — desiderating  it  far  more  than  the 
restoration  of  all  that  has  perished  of  the  treasures  of  the  ancient  world/* 
Again  he  obsen^es,  *'  This  was  Mr.  Pitt's  opinion,  when,  as  has  already 
been  observed,  the  question  being  raised  in  conversation  about  the  de- 
siderata most  to  be  lamented,  and  one  said  the  lost  books  of  Livy,  another 
those  of  Tacitus,  a  third  a  Latin  tragedy — he  at  once  declared  for  '  A 
speech  of  Bolingbroke/  "  Now,  on  being  informed  of  this  saying  of  the 
illustrious  statesman  to  whom  it  ts  attributed,  the  first  circamstance  that 
strikes  us  is,  that  it  seems  rather  to  be  a  declaration  uttered  in  the  glow 
of  momentary  feeling,  or  in  the  unstudied  ease  of  familiar  conversation, 
than  to  have  proceeded  from  the  deliberate  judgment  of  one  who  had  duly 
considered  the  value  of  the  historic  treasures  which  he  had  rated  so  much 
below  tlie  fancied  value  of  one  brilliant  oration.  Tacitus  and  Livy,  each 
in  his  own  line,  are  the  great  unrivalled  prototypes  of  historical  composi- 
tion ;  even  the  chasm  left  by  the  loss  of  great  parts  of  their  inestimable 
works,  is  such  that  cannot  be  filled  up  -,  every  page  of  such  history  lost,  is 
a  page  deficient  in  the  history  of  man  j  and  can  any  effusion  oT  genius, 
however  brilliant,  can  any  specimen  of  oratory,  whatever  may  be  its  varied 
excellence,  enter  into  a  just  and  rational  competition  with  it  ?  To  this  it 
must  be  added,  that  in  the  loss  of  Lord  Bolingbroke's  parliamentary 
speeches,   little   information   has  escaped  ns  that  cannot  elsewhere  be 


*  aninctilian.  *•  life  se  profecisse  sciat,  cui  Cicero,  valde  placebii  j"  but  why 
**placebii/'   in  the  future  tense  ?— Rev. 

t  In  Queen  Anne's  time  there  were  absolutely  no  reports  of  any  ipecche!*  In  th« 
admimstration  of  Walpole  the  records  of  parUamentttry  eloquence  are  only  hens  &ud 
there  found  like  drops  in  the  page  of  history,  and  the  remains  of  the  speeches  daring 
the  American  contest  are  very  scanty.  The  utmost  Horace  Walpole  attempted  wM 
to  give  a  few  brilliaot  passages,  which  sparkled  more  eminently  conspicttOUl  in  Um 
compaiatiTe  doUneii  of  ilue  remainder  of  the  ontioa.-'EJCT. 


Cwmiwin  wtiimma*} 
rta,  ahMU  (M^ii*  m  paneniay  a  ipcaaM  •(  the  L 
ft  iWutfUKMi  sodt  giftsfl  bhui  nd  kin  ^s  CMfrx  gihrfX  ni  loc  i 
\  faU  af  cmUKct  ycrkai^  ia  wiiick  the  iateikct  and  ktSnpk  if  i 
cw>beiiififii,Mwi»  wiikk  tke  trisafb  fl#  Mccnt  v  vUmk  a  I 
»  any  flCher  etereue  M  thit  IwiBaa  wwt  ^  bar,  had  ki 
miWKrf  mtii  McceM,  we  ccrtainW  i(M«ki  wticipiff^  at  fa 
fcupyciaUieitt  ad  km  WMld  hare  Mfamcrf.  He  wesld  I 
#ftet  Dr.  S ,  Parr  calli  die  ^  forgeoae  dedaaadoa  of  Bofiagbrabe,"  brt  hs 
wmi4  bate  petaeaaed  it  apart  fn»  all  tbe  laaiatinrf  tbat  it  <'  ' 
tbe  aaaaer,  tbe  geatare,  tbe  preaeaee  e#  tbe  maker ;  frooi  1 
aad  beaatifal  coaateoaace.  bis  noble  aad  <fifBiiied  peraoa,  bii  i 
fexiUe  Toice,  bia  gnetfwi*  aad  correct  actum  f  from  aU 
wbidb  leada  aacb  aa  ad<litiooal  power  to  aacccaafol  eloqaeaee,  aad  drivea 
it  at  ODce  into  tbe  bearU  oi  tbe  jlMlng  aad  captivated  arafieace.  Had 
Mr.  Pitt  oalj  coaaidered  aad  coaipared  tbe  pleaaare  be  vaald  bate  de- 
rived froai  tbe  Rooua  biatorica  as  ntre  coaipdaitioaa  of  aea  of  peat 
aataral  geaioe  and  peaetratioo,  aad  tbe  nM»t  perfect  artists  of  tbcir  daai. 
iritb  tbe  pfodaetioa  of  aa  eqaall  j  rare  taieat,  tbat  of  persaa&g  tbe  wilb 
aad  eicitiag  aad  gnidiaf  tbe  passioas  ci  an  aodieoce  iij  tbe  efasioaa  of 
eateoporary  eloi|iieaoe,  coaiiaaadiog  all  tbe  varioos  stores  of  tbe  rick 
anaoory  froai  wbicb  it  is  sapplied,  frooi  tbe  logic  tbat  is  to  pierce  bto  tbe 
deptb  of  tbe  aadentar«diDg  to  tbe  seasibifitv  tbat  is  to  laove  tbe  foaalHaa 
of  tbe  heart  $— bad  his  ompariMm  extended  no  farther,  aad  beea  tbai 
Kmiud,  it  woold  then  have  been  nierely  a  (jnestion  of  taste.  Bat  we  baw 
a  few  words  to  say  aboot  the  lobject,  ta  a  matter  of  fad  which  might, 
INrrbaps,  hare  more  properly  been  prerioosly  iatroduoMl,  and  have  lea* 
4$ied  the  discossion  unnecessary,  llie  first  person  by  whom  this  dSriam 
of  Mr.  Pitt's  was  poblicly  made  known,  we  believe  to  be  the  hte  Lord 
Dudley,  in  some  letter  or  review,  and  probably  also  in  cooremtioa,  and  il 
has  passed  from  him  into  tbe  general  corrency  of  belief.  It  so  happened, 
that  in  conversation  a  few  weeks  ago,  and  before  we  had  reaid  Lord 
Broagliam's  volame,  this  very  iuljpect  was  mentioned  by  os  to  a  friend, 
who  has  lived  in  terroi  of  intimacy  with  most  of  tbe  illostrioos  statesmen 
of  the  past  affe,  as  well  as  of  thoie  distinguished  in  the  calm  walks  of  phi* 
lisophy,  and  in  the  fascinating  attractions  of  art ;  and  we  have  his  aotbority 
for  the  following  assertion,  tbat  he  asked  I^ord  Grcnville  whether  he  ever 
heard  Mr.  Pitt  make  the  declaration  attributed  to  him  ;  to  which  Lord  Gren- 
rille  answered,  that  he  never  did,— that  he  did  not  credit  it — though  be  might 
have  heard  liim  allude  to  the  subject  of  Ix>rd  Bolingbroke's  eloquence.  Of 
BoUngbrpke's  political  conduct,  of  tlic  falsehood  m  his  denials  of  designs 
Ikfourable  to  the  Pn-tender,  of  the  disclosure  of  the  truth  in  the  memoir  of 
Marshal  Berwick,  and  especially  of  the  clear,  undeuiable  testimony  borne 
l|unst  him  by  his  own  conduct  when  in  exile.  Lord  Brougham  hail  given 
•  dear  and  convincing  summary.  "  He  arrived  in  France ;  without  a 
Aqf's  delay  he  put  himself  in  communication  with  the  Pretender  and  his 
;  and  he  at  once  accepted  under  him  the  office  of  his  secretary  of 
What  would  be  said  of  any  man*s  honesty,  who  had  fled  from  a 
lof  tbelt  which  he  denied,  and  feared  to  meet  because  supported  bj 
^  ""**"  BMOi,— if  he  instantly  took  to  the  highway  for  his  support }  * 
i  bis  talents,  captivating  as  were  his  accomplishments,  fitted 


I  UiiBroifhsB'-  ■^-itsHMSt  ftt.  ^  m. 


i^^ 


a/  the  Tim  of  George  III  Ui 

by  nature  and  by  education  to  be  at  once  tlie  d^fcDce  and  ornataent  of  his 
couDtryi  and  eoilnently  to  act  the  statesman's  part,  yet  we  must  reluetanlty 
confess  that  there  were  defects  inherent  in  bis  character  which  made  thii 
prodigality  of  gifts  bestowed  in  vain.  He  was  wanting  in  that  true  wisdooi 
which  is  the  characteriatic  of  the  greatest  minds.  His  ambition  was  low, 
his  policy  crooked  i  \m  aims  personal^  his  passions  violent  and  often  ud* 
governable.  But»  if  his  political  life  was  clouded  with  error,  we  cannot 
pronounce  a  more  favourable  judgment  when  we  follow  bim  to  subjects  of 
still  higher  impoitance.  Whoever  reads  those  works  of  his  on  the  subject 
of  religion  wliich  were  published  after  his  death  by  his  executor  Mallet, 
will  see  at  once  much  to  admire  and  mach  to  condemn.  He  will  be  struck 
by  the  ingenuity  of  the  reasoning,  as  well  as  by  the  beauties  of  the  lan- 
guage ;  he  will  acknowledge  everywhere  the  stamp  of  a  superior  mind  and 
of  au  experienced  writer  j  but  he  will  also  see  an  overpowering  prejudice 
everywhere  drawing  aside  his  pen,  plausible  statements  w*orked  up  with 
great  skill  and  effort^  and  above  alia  profusion  of  second-hand  learning  and 
authorities »  which  bring  neither  pleasure  tier  conviction  to  the  reader.  Yet 
Boltngbroke  must  have  been  a  great  man,  (or  he  made  a  powerful  impres* 
sion  on  the  minds  of  others  who  were  likewise  great ;  he  seemed  to  capti- 
vate all  who  approached  him.  Pope  idolised  him,  called  him  the  genius 
who  presided  over  his  life  and  infused  knowledge  and  elegance  into  his 
pen.  He  was  **  the  master  both  of  the  poet  and  his  song,"  Pope  con^ 
descended  to  versify,  in  one  of  his  finest  poema»  the  sketch  which  Boling- 
broke  had  drawn  in  prose  ;  and  certainly  he  appeared  to  return  the  poet's 
attachment  with  all  the  warmth  and  sincerity  of  the  most  attached  friend- 
ship. He  leaned  over  tlic  chair  of  his  dying  friend  while  the  tears  were 
swimming  in  his  eyes ;  and  we  have  always  wished  to  consider  his  anger 
on  the  discovery  of  the  copies  of  the  Patriot  King,  after  Pope's  death,  as  an 
involuntary  outbreak  of  bis  ungovernable  and  passionate  temperament. 
Lord  Brougham  is  quite  right  in  confining  Lord  Bolingbroke's  learning  to  a 
knowledge  of  the  Roman  writers  ;  with  the  Greek  language  be  appears  to 
hftve  had  no  acquaintance  that  could  be  of  any  use  to  him  ;  it  was  a  lan- 
guage little  cultivated  by  the  wits  and  ftne  writers  of  that  day.  We  do  not 
see  it  appearing  in  the  pages  of  Addison  ;  Pi>[>e  knew  little  of  it,  as  his 
Horner^  and  his  absurd  attack  on  Bentley  in  the  Dnnciad,  show  j 
Arbuthnot;  perhaps,  hiid  a  sprinkling  ^  and  Swift*  in  his  Journal  to  Stella, 
often  talks  of  buying  Greek  authors  at  book  auctions  in  London,  but  how 
mmli  he  b!  .died  them  we  cannot  say.  The  age  of  our  scholars,  of  the 
Jurtius»  the  Marklands*  the  Toops,  was  apfjroriching,  but  had  not  arrived  : 
oue  great  imme  hlled  the  whole  void,  and  from  him  who  bore  it^  tttat  new 
and  brilliant  school  of  cnticism  arose»  which  is  shining  in  such  £»pkndour 
in  the  [trescnt  day.  Of  his  private  life  we  have  nothing  to  add  to  the 
very  just  and  correct  account  which  Lord  Brougham  has  given  vt  it  j  but 
when  he  adds,  *'  The  second  wife  was  one  of  his  choice  ;  to  her  his  de- 
1  meanour  was  t>iamek98,  and  he  enjoyed  much  comfort  in  her  society/*  we 
I  believe  the  general  picture  to  be  correct  j  yet  we  have  read  in  some  French 
I  memoirs*  hints  of  con^irlerablc  uneasiness  his  intriguing  conduct  ocCMStonally 
I  gave  her  j  and  we  rcmcnibur  when  he  was  boasting  to  her.  rathtr  on' 
I  gallantly,  of  his  former  comjuestSj  she  looked  archly  at  him  and  naiJ*  ''  My 
I  Xjord,  you  remind  mc  of  oue  of  those  venerable  old  aqueducts  whose  waters 
I        have  long  ceased  to  How.'* 


^  See  Mem*  ^  Maiateaont  par  Beaiimfilk^  ton.  iU*  p.  10l,«-BiT« 


846  Suhjecti  of  ike  PUe.—Tke  Quarierfy  Review.         [Match, 

BATH  ABBBT   TURRBT8.  parable  work  appear  thus  "  cnitailed 

of  all  fair  proportion,"  and  as  I  am 
In  possession  of  a  complete  list  of  his 
contributions,  I  send  yon,  with  his 
permission,  in  a  general  way,  the  ex- 
tent to  which  his  assistance  has  been 
afforded  to  his  late  excellent  friend 
Mr.  Giffbrd,  one  of  the  best  scholars 
and  most  able  critics  of  the  age. 

The  writer  of  yoar  former  essay 
is  no  donbt  aware  that  a  committee  of 
gentlemen,  consisting  of  Mr.  Canning 
Sir  Walter  Scott,  Mr.  Hookham 
Frere,  Mr.  George  Ellis,  and  one  or 
two  more,  originated  the  Quarterly 
Review,  and  were,  with  the  aid  of 
Mr.  Giffbrd,  the  chief  contribotors  to 
the  first  two  or  three  volumes.  Bat 
as  this  could  not  long  continue  with- 
out further  assistance,  Mr.  Canning 
urged  my  father  strongly  on  this  point, 
who  was  not  disposed,  either  on  public 
or  private  grounds,  to  refuse  com- 
pliance with  a  request  so  reasonable 
from  one  who  had  always  acted  to- 
wards him  with  cordiality  and  kind- 
ness, and,  as  my  father  had  just  pub- 
lished a  volume  on  China  and  the 
Chinese,  he  selected  for  his  first  essay 
of  reviewing  De  Guigne's  Account  of 
the  Dutch  Embassy  to  Pekin,  which 
appeared  in  vol.  ii.  No.  4,  and  from 
that  time  to  vol.  xiz.  inclusive,  instead 
of  9  articles,  which  in  your  catalogue 
are  correctly  ascribed  to  Sir  John 
Barrow,  he  actually  furnished,  as  ap- 
pears by  my  list,  no  less  than  75 
articles,  and  from  the  commencement 
to  the  end  of  vol.  xxxi.  (No.  62)  Uie 
number  he  supplied  amounted  to  134. 
At  this  period  Mr.  Giffbrd's  illness 
obliged  him  to  resign  his  editorship. 

Mr.  (now  Sir  John)  Coleridge  suc- 
ceeded him  for  a  short  time,  during 
which  my  father  continued  as  a  con- 
tributor, and  also  with  Mr.  Lockhart, 
the  present  editor,  but  to  no  great 
extent,  having  only  supplied  from  No. 
62  to  No.  145  for  January  of  the 
present  year,  1844, 69  articles,  the  last 
of  them  being,  as  the  first  was,  on 
Chinese  affairs. 

Thus  then  the  whole  number  sup- 
plied in  the  course  of  35  years  amoniitB 
to  203,  of  which  you  would  not  thank 
me  for  a  detailed  account,  nor  do  I 
consider  myself  entitled  to  give  ttl 
but,  if  the  following  summary  wtt 
answer  your  purpose,  you  an  l# 
liberty  to  inMrt  it  r— 


THE  first  subject  in  the  accompany- 
ing Plate  represents  one  of  the  turrets 
at  the  west  end  of  fiath  Abbey  as  they 
appeared  before  the  late  changes,  when 
pmnacles  were  substituted  for  these 
turrets. 

HOLT-WATBR  STOUP  AT  HASTINGS. 

The  second  subject  in  the  Plate  is  a 
holy- water  stoup  which  was  disclosed 
a  year  or  two  ago,  in  the  mutilated 
state  represented,  at  the  entrance  of 
St.  Clement's  Church,  Hastings,  within 
the  porch.  After  its  mutilation,  the 
recess  in  which  it  stands  had  been 
built  up  fiush  with  the  rest  of  the  wall, 
and  the  whole  thus  attempted  to  be 
obliterated.  We  owe  apologies  to  the 
correspondent  who  favoured  us  with 
the  drawing  that  his  accompanying 
letter  is  now  mislaid. 

THE  OLD  FONT  OF  SCRAPTOFT,  CO.  LIIC. 

•  .     TT  ^^   Walk,  Lei' 

Mr.  Urban,  cet/er,  Fe6. 21. 

The  village  of  Scraptoft  is  four  miles 
from  Leicester.  Its  Font,  which  I  found 
embedded  in  nettles,  was  turned  out  of 
the  church  to  make  way  for  a  ridiculous 
wash-hand. basin  looking  thing  on  a 
high  stone  pedestal.  The  old  font 
was  placed  by  a  western  wall,  and 
served  the  villagers  for  many  years  as 
a  cistern  (Fig,  3).  It  was  lately  re- 
moved from  its  exposed  situation,  and 
placed  in  the  belfry,  where  it  now  re- 
mains, a  receptacle  for  ropes  and 
rubbish.  It  is  of  early-English  cha- 
racter, and  the  mouldings  are  very 
sharp  and  nearly  perfect.  The  church 
has  some  good  parts  about  it,  particu- 
larly two  windows  of  a  Decorated 
character. 

There  are  good  remains  of  an  old 
cross  in  the  church-yard. 

Yours,  &c.  J.  F. 


Mr  Urban  ^^  ^'-  ^^'"^ 

MR.  URBAN,         Qardetu,  Feb.  12. 

IN  your  last  month's  Magazine  you 
have  given  what  the  writer  truly  terms 
an  "  imperfect  catalogue  "  of  articles 
by  various  authors  in  the  Quarterly 
Review,  from  its  commencement  to 
vol.  XIX.  with  an  intention  to  continue 
the  catalogue* 

Now,  as  the  contributions  of  my 
father  Sir  John  Barrow  to  thatincom* 


•    \» 


•  ••• 


1844.1        JirAim  %  Sir  Jmb  3fl-n»  md  ^  l^iirr  ^^tc  ZT 

■MOtoB^  -^Zk.  -r-il  fSBSUS  mm  mxr.iorjr'  frva, 

ToyiBes  and  TrmOs  s  wrr  pB^^  :2i±  sass   u    ini^  nui  ui*   viHtotzz  z£ 

of  tbe  Globe,  RraSai^  mt  Jilchj.       5fi  jj  r-uitssiLmr-  nnimiiiniyi. 

Asalie  l«laad»-.  fce- ■-  7;^  as  rrm  'turn  3zr.i*-fz:   joz  i.j  .i:r-iLii_i 

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S2za&i't£.     i-arx  STTn*piBii  1  rxAi.^ —  w;i:.     i    :.::.-..i  -.rr      n^^.-.j,  ^  "^""" 


■as*  uTuiM*  -rir.  VKT*  friiiii-  i^l  Mt-^s      iii:.«ji'    i   :j^*£  '-[^..     *^* 

Im  seex^aoaurrvt  frill  a.«  -'r.::**-     ~:c  r:  Jir«.j«    >^  *./ ^^..* 


nic  word,  of  the  stmt  mmiiDg  at 
M90U,  bat  addffd  by  a  labaaqiMiit 
stream  of  occapitn. 

Alam.    kmtrr,    nodut    prominens  : 
kmrriehi,  nodotas. 

Itl.  atM,  rotaodof. 

Dan.    ftaorit,  nodaa,  tuber  :    ad{. 
Iraorfeii* 

Isl.  kwddr  :    Suae,    kmw,  glomas, 
Bodot. 

Lapp,  ^fmor,    ^fworm,   syrtia    lapi- 
doea«r— TV  Nort, 

Ettuok. 

fMraary  16,  1844. 


Ma.  UaBAN,  Fib. 

HAVING  promised,  in  coDtinaaUon 
of  my  commanications  to  yonr  ma- 
gazines of  November  and  December 
fast,  a  few  obserrations  on  the  method 
and  arrangement  adopted  bv  the 
Secretaries- General  for  conductmgthe 
bosiness  of  the  "  Congres  Scientinqne 
de  France/'  where,  in  my  homble  opi- 
nion, "  thejr  manage  these  things  bet- 
ter" than  m  England,  I  now  propose 
to  redeem  part  of  my  proflfiered  pledge. 

Bat,  since  comparisons  are  odioas, 
I  will  here  only  remark,  that,  althoagh 
the  committees  of  oar  "British  As- 
sociation for  the  Advancement  of 
Science"  do  annaally  report  to  its 
members  the  progress  of  particular 
sciences,  and  munificently  recommend 
certain  subjects  for  ioTcstigation  and 
consideration  at  their  subsequent 
meetings,  these  subjects  are  mostly 
treated  of  in  essays  fitter  to  be  read 
in  studious  privacy  than  before  large 
aasamblies,  however  well-informed. 
Whereas  in  France  (and  I  believe 
also  in  Italy  and  Germany)  the  ques- 
tions proposed  to  the  several  scientific 
societies  are  so  much  more  numerous 
than  with  us,  that  in  the  first  place 
they  occupy  a  session  longer  than  ours 
by  more  than  twice  the  number  of 
days,  and  the  business  of  each  day 
lasts  from  7  a.m.  to  5  p.m.  ;  secondly, 
these  questions  are  diligently  circulated 
manv  months  previously  to  their  dis- 
cussion, among  all  classes  likely  to 
take  any  interest  in  them ;  but  which 
discussion,  sltbough  vM  voce,  and  a 
little  warmer,  and  therefore  perhaps 
more  entertaining  than  with  us,  being 
generally  founded  upon  written  me- 
moranda, is  conducted  with  the  greatest 
3 


method  and  temper  conceivable.  Hie 
questions  themselves  are  moreover  not 
only  upon  topics  of  natural,  phyaicaU 
mathematical,  and  medical  research, 
addressed  to  the  more  deeply  learned  ; 
but,  relating  also  to  agricnltore,  in- 
dustry, and  commerce,  appeal  so 
strongly  to  the  peculiar  feelings  of  the 
inhabitants  of  those  provinces  where- 
in and  about  the  Congress  takes  places 
that  the  discussion  of  them,  with  others 
on  the  various  subjects  of  historjr  and 
archeology,  moral  philosophy,  htera- 
ture,  and  the  fine  arts,  cannot  but 
humanize  the  minds  of  the  French 
people,  and  beget  a  certain  taste  and 
sentiment,  to  the  want  of  which 
among  us  many  of  our  national  de- 
pravities may  probably  be  attributed. 
Haring  thus  briefly  pointed  out  the 
method  adopted  in  the  scientific  pro- 
ceedings of  the  Continent,  permit  me 
now  to  congratulate  you  on  the  recent 
formation  of  an  Association  for  estab- 
lishing in  England*  a  similar  taste  to 
that  just  mentioned ;  you,  Mr.  Urban, 
having  so  many  years  liberally,  streno- 
ously,  and  almost  solely  fostered  and 
supported,  by  the  information  yon  have 
from  time  to  time  afforded  us  throoi^ 
the  means  of  your  drawings  and  de* 
scriptions  of  the  antiquitiea  and  ardii* 
tecture  of  our  native  land,  what  little 
feeling  has  been  hitherto  developed 
among  us  towards  such  objects  as 
identify  us  with,  and  personally,  aa 
it  were,  introduce  us  into  the  very 
habitations  and  company  of,  our  pre* 
decessors.  And  I  say  congratauUa» 
because  I  am  sure  that  you.  Sir,  cannot 
but  rejoice  in  the  establishment  of  anT 
Association,  having,  in  common  with 
yourself  and  the  Society  of  Antiqnarlea, 
for  its  legitimate  objects  the  investiga- 
tion, illustration,  and  preservation  of 
our  ancient  monuments,  and  by  the 
promulgation  of  a  just  sense  of  their 
real  utility  imbuing  all  classes  with 
that  intelligence,  and  consequent  hap- 
piness and  good  conduct,  which  onr 
Nationsl  Council  for  general  education 
is  now  so  laudablv  endeavouring  to 
effect,  and  under  whose  avowed  guar- 
dianship I  hope  soon  to  see  all  our 
national  monuments  enrolled. 

Yours,  kc.  W.  B. 

*  See  under  oar  Antiqusrisa  Researehes. 
—Edit. 


I8^4.jl 


249 


A   W01J>   OS  TKl   5TATK   AKD   PROftPECTS   OP  AET- 


WHATEVER  may  have  been  done 
for  the  promotion  of  the  fine  arts 
eitLer  by  its  professors  or  by  the  pob- 
liCf  it  will  at  alt  events  be  generilly 
conceded  that  more  has  been  said  in 
our  day  about  the  art  of  painting  in 
England  than  at  any  previous  period 
of  its  history.  The  uninformed,  in- 
deed, are  in  danger  of  running  to  the 
coDcIusion  that  this  art  has,  by  recent 
M)d  sodden  progress,  attained  a  post- 
ttoD  which  it  had  never  reached  here 
in  any  previous  age ;  and  as  it  is  re* 
markable  how  impressions,  either  true 
or  unfounded,  gain  a  hold  of  the  pub- 
lic miod,  it  may  not  be  time  mis-spent 
to  inquire  what  the  present  state  and 
prospects  of  Engli&h  art  really  are, 
whether  the  spirit  of  painting  is  really 
"  abroad  "  in  our  land,  and  to  what 
extent  be  may  have  shed  his  enlighten- 
ing  influence  over  the  mind  of  the 
amateur  and  the  artist.  We  think  it 
right,  however,  to  warn  the  reader 
that  our  remarks  will  not  embrace  the 
aobtilties  of  the  art,  as  an  art,  but 
ahall  be  strictly  confined  to  a  few  prac* 
tical  observations,  with  a  view  to  its 
benefit. 

During  many  years  following  that 
bright  epoch  which  produced  Reynolds 
and  his  contemporaries,  Richard  WiU 
aon,  Hogarth,  Wright  of  Derby,  and 
Smith  of  Chichester,  the  genius  of 
painting*  if  existing  in  England,  must 
tavc  slept  unseen, — and,  by  the  way, 
it  is  a  curious  truth  that  there  has  re- 
peatedly been  a  cessation  of  efort  foU 
lowing  an  era  of  greatness  in  the 
ancient  world  of  art ;  but  the  germ, 
diaseminatcd  by  the  works  of  such 
men^  though  it  may  remain  dormant 
for  a  leasoo,  will  yet  re-appear  here- 
afler  in  various  forms ;  and  now  that 
the  illustrious  men  alluded  to  have 
mingled  with  the  dust  for  half  a 
century,  who  that  possesses  the  most 
limited  understanding  of  the  subject, 
but  may  occasionally,  at  least,  in  the 
pictures  which  yearly  cover  the  walls 
of  the  Royal  Academy's  exhibitions, 
discover  a  glimmering,  sometimes,  it 
nay  be,  so  indistinct  as  to  be  uncertain, 
of  the  genius  of  one  or  other  of  the 
great  painters  we  have  named,  and 
wbo  still  speak  to  the  mind  of  the 
student    in    the   works    which  have 

GasfT.  Mao.  Vot,  XXI* 


secured  to  them  a  great  and  undying 
reputation  ?  Would  that  the  works  of 
our  old  English  masters  were  better 
known,  and  exercised  their  full  and 
legitimate  influence  on  England's 
school  of  painting  at  the  present  day  1 
but  to  this  point  we  shall  return  la 
the  sequel. 

At  the  close  of  the  long  Frcuch  war 
knowledge  of  the  art  was  limited  and 
confined  to  those  few  who  had  fre* 
quest  access  to  the  private  collections 
then  existing  in  this  country*  Much 
has  been  done,  however,  by  the  open- 
ing to  the  public  of  the  National  Gal* 
lery,  and  the  many  really  fine  private 
collections,  especially  those  in  and 
near  the  metropolis*  We  believe 
another  powerful  auxiliary  to  the  in- 
crease of  a  taste  for  the  art  is  to  be 
found  in  the  influx  of  old  pictures  from 
the  Continent  during  the  last  quarter 
of  a  century*  That  the  great  bulk  of 
these  were  worthless,  or  nearly  so# 
cannot  be  questioned,  and  the  number 
of  copies  imported  may  be  guessed  at 
from  the  understanding  in  well  in* 
formed  quarters  Uiat  the  pictures — so 
called — of  many  of  the  old  masters* 
brought  to  this  country,  has  exceeded 
the  number  these  men  are  supposed  to 
have  painted  during  their  whole  career. 
But  we  soon  became  dissatisfied  with 
the  contemplation  of  such  productions* 
Repeated  visits  to  the  great  continental 
collections  created  an  improved  taste 
and  an  increase  of  connoisseurship^ 
which,  as  a  consequence,  led  to  a 
gradual  rise  in  the  class  and  value  of 
the  works  imported.  Our  transatlantic 
friends  have  been  relieving  us  of  our 
rejected  pictures,  and  it  may  be  men« 
tiooed  as  a  fact,  droll  in  itself,  and 
confirmatory  of  our  views,  that  their 
taste,  still  lamentably  behind,  has* 
nevertheless,  advanced  so  far  that  a 
large  consignment  of  ^emi,  sent  out  on 
speculation  to  New  York  last  ycar^ 
were  found  so  far  below  the  improved 
standard  of  American  taste,  that  the  , 
whole  were  reshipped  to  New  Soutli 
Waksp  where,  we  fear,  there  existed 
formidable  obstacles  to  their  meeting 
a  favourable  reception,  ^stagnation  ift  | 
trade  and  want  of  money. 

The  number  of  expositions  of  Ih 
works  of  Imog  paintersi  and  the  se* 
2K 


250 


The  State  and  Prospects  of  Art. 


{wbtA, 


vend  associations  for  the  promotion  of 
the  art,  have  assisted  in  keeping  op  an 
interest  in  a  subject  possessed  of  many 
faacioations,  and  the  refining  influence 
of  which  on  the  mind  is  now  becoming 
better  understood*  and  consequently 
more  highly  valued  in  a  national  point 
of  view.  For  oar  part,  we  feel  satis- 
fied that  there  is  a  growing  relish  for 
trt  in  this  coantry,  and  when  we  keep 
ID  recollection  the  causes  we  have 
stated  as  leading  to  this  result,  to- 
gether with  the  improved  education 
and  increased  intelligence  of  all  classes 
in  the  country,  that  an  improved  taste 
in  matters  of  art  should  exist  amongst 
at  is  no  subject  of  wonder,  however 
difficult  it  may  be  to  define  the  precise 
standard  it  has  reached.  Bnt  perhaps, 
if  we  can  nearly  arrive  to  a  knowledge 
of  the  point  of  excellence  at  which  the 
art  of  painting  itself  has  arrived,  weshall 
be  pretty  near  the  present  standard  of 
public  taste  also;  for,  say  what  we  will 
aboat  the  professors  of  art  formins 
and  leading  the  public  mind,  with  all 
respect  for  those  engaged  in  this  most 
intellectual  pursuit,  we  fear  that,  nnder 
the  present  constitution  of  society, 
much  will  depend  upon  the  proportion 
of  pecuniary  encouragement  conferred 
by  the  public  on  the  various  walks  of 
the  art. 

What  then  is  the  real  position  of 
the  English  school  of  painting  at  the 
present  day  ?  There  is  only  one  other 
with  which  to  compare  it,  and  that  it 
the  national  school  of  France.  The 
advantages  her  artists  possess  in  Paris, 
firom  an  easy  access  to  the  great  gal- 
lery of  the  Louvre,  are  sufficiently  ap- 
parent ;  but  we  are  compelled  to  add, 
that  they  seem  to  have  looked  too  ex- 
clusively to  the  old  masters,  instead  of 
at  the  same  time  keeping  a  steady  eye 
to  nature  for  enlightenment  and  in- 
spiration. That  their  studies  have,  in 
our  opinion,  been  misdirected,  not- 
withstanding all  that  has  been  eo 
unqualifiedly  affirmed  in  favour  of  the 
Government  academies  at  Paris  and 
Rome,  has  been  made  apparent  to  us 
on  visiting  the  spring  exhitMtions  of 
modern  pictures  at  the  Louvre;  for 
the  greater  portion  of  them,  and  more 
especially  of  their  landscspes,  re- 
minded us  (in  a  painful  manner)  of 
the  differfnt  old  masters  whom  the 
artists  had  each  more  or  lest  sla- 
tishly  adopted  at  kit  Model,  thai  of 


their  resemblance  to  anything  to  be 
met  with  either  in  the  tublimt  or 
beautiful  of  nature.  In  a  certain 
facility  of  composition  we  willingly 
concede  the  superiority  of  the  FTendl. 
In  portrait  painting,  too,  they  ara  fkt 
advanced,  and  we  question  wheUier 
England  can  at  this  moment  boatt  of 
talent  in  that  department  eqnal  to  ttet 
of  Cl4nii|)eRfter,  whose  style  it  aa  aim- 
pie  and  unaffected  as  hit  delineatlont 
are  lifelike  and  true.  Bnt  here  oir 
approbation  mutt  ttop.  Yoo  may  be 
occasionally  impressed  with  tlm  «nM> 
abundance  of  mediocre  clevemeat  ws 
exhibit  in  their  repreaentationt ;  and 
this,  after  all,  appears  to  ua  to  be  Hie 
entire  result  of  the  teaching  of  tbe 
F^nch  academhes.  The  Frenoi  ptlot^ 
era  appear  to  us  to  bare  studied  nature 
through  the  medium  of  the  stage;  tad 
the  character  of  their  bittorical  pie^^ 
tures  is  a  certain  number  of  lay  fignrea 
dressed  and  placed  on  the  canvaM  te» 
cording  to  the  principles  laid  down  in 
the  Academy. 

In  simplicity  Of  style*  and  ekvtliMi 
of  aim  and  purpose,  the  artbta  of  Ibit 
country  far  excel  those  of  Fkmnce,  white 
as  colourists  they  are  more  aceom* 
plished.  The  chimera  at  preaent  et» 
isting  In  France,  that  the  grctl  old 
mastere  despised  the  proeeea  or  glatin|, 
is  as  unfounded  as  if  it  had  been  i^ 
firmed  that  thej  were  altogether  de» 
pendent  on  it  for  the  prodnctioa  Hi 
harmony  in  colouring.  A  jndiciove  tie 
of  the  process  is  commendable  and  \m  He 
eflects  miraculous ;  and  this  ibiiiion*> 
we  can  call  it  nothing  else— of  tteyt* 
sent  comparative  disuse  inFhuic»,|p^Ma 
their  pictures  alwaya  aa  opaq«e  tad 
oftentimes  an  inharmoaiotti  apyit 
ance  to  the  eye.  Lookiii|  to  iualll» 
we  trust  we  shall  bear  in  England  leee 
in  future  of  the  French  academy*  Ftr 
our  part,  wt  feel  very  conMcBt  tlMt 
our  artista  stritv  to  attain  eioelleaM 
by  a  path  more  likely  to  condact  ta  ft 
than  that  punned  by  those  of  Fkawc% 
and  simply  for  this  reaaoa -^  tbAI» 
neglecting  not  the  use  of  modela,  or  to 
consult  the  works  of  the  great  paiateia 
of  antiquity,  they  look  more  constantly 
to  nature  as  the  most  unerring  ia* 
structor  ibr  portraying  herself. 

A  comparison  t>etween  whtt  it  aow 
done  here,  with  what  was  produced  <a 
the  schools  of  Italy  or  tlie  Low  Coaa- 
Ui«s,  ia  the  farmer  tliree  and  ia  te 


1844.] 


The  State  and  Proi^ecti  o/ArL 


351 


latter  two  centuries  ago*  iwouid  not  in 
it&elf  Mtist  ys  materially  to  any  con- 
clusion with  regard  to  its  Tuturc  pro- 
spects, bat  it  may  help  us  on  our  way 
to  glance  so  far  as  we  can  into  the 
causes  of  its  former  prosperity,  to  see 
whether  the  tllustdous  masters  who 
then  flourished  enjoyed  advantages 
onltnown  to  those  of  the  present  day. 

It  is  alleged  by  many,  and  especiaily 
bj  the  professors  of  art  themselves, 
that  the  patronage  bestowed  on  its 
practice  was  then  more  encouraging 
than  that  which  they  experience  at 
the  present  day  ;  and  the  (arge  sums 
paid  by  the  church  of  Rome,  by  the 
Italian  nobles,  and  wealthy  merchants 
of  Holland,  are  quoted  in  support  of 
this  opinion.  That  the  church  did 
find  it  for  its  interest  occasionally  to 
give  large  sums  for  works  of  art  of 
transcendent  merit  to  adorn  the  ca- 
thedrals of  Italy,  is  readtly  admitted ; 
but  we  at  the  same  time  affirm,  that 
instances  of  large  prices  being  paid  for 
pictures  were  few  and  far  apart  in 
these  times,  even  with  the  greatest  of 
the  Italian  masters^ — white  in  the  Low 
Countries  they  were  remarkably  small, 
except  in  a  few  cases  of  her  greate&t 
painters.  Albert  Cuyp  was  at  times 
glad  to  get  a  sum  equal  to  20/.  for  a 
picture  which,  in  good  preservation, 
would  now  fetch  lOfMyi.  We  would 
not  have  it  supposed  that  we  allude  to 
these  facta  with  intent  to  undervalue 
an  art  for  which  we  entertain  a  most 
profound  respect;  on  the  contrary,  it 
IS  done  from  a  conviction  that  the 
false  impression  referred  to  has  led  to 
the  exorbitant  prices  affived  to  modem 
plctares  of  very  limited  roeril,  tending, 
is  wa  will  endeavour  to  show,  not 
alone  to  retard  the  public  taste,  bat 
the  advancement  of  art  itself,  as  well 
as  the  pecuniary  interest  of  its  pro- 
fessors. 

The  productions  of  several  artists 
we  could  name,  do  not  remain  unsold 
00  account  of  their  not  displaying 
talent  on  the  part  of  the  painters* 
They  are  duly  appreciated  on  all 
hands;  and  although  not,  it  may  be, 
of  the  highest  excellence,  or  such  as 
any  one  possessed  of  a  moderate  por- 
tion of  acumen  would  give  lOOi.  for, 
would  nevertheless  find  a  market  at 
M. ;  and  if  we  are  correct  in  this 
iqipression,  we  now  arrive  at  the 
4|q€ttioiis — whether  aa  artist  is  not 


better  with  20i.  for  his  picture,  than  to 
be  under  the  necessity  of  carrying  it 
back  from  the  exbibitiou  room  to  his 
studio  for  lack  of  a  purchaser  at  50{. ; 
and  whether  there  is  not  a  reasonable 
probability  of  his  getting  constant  em- 
ployment at  moderate  prices ;  and  if, 
from  constant  practice  and  steady  en- 
couragement, it  is  not  to  be  presumed 
that  be  would  make  such  advances  in 
his  art  as  would  lead  to  an  increase 
both  in  the  value  and  price  of  his 
works?  It  is  reasonably  enough  al- 
leged, that  without  patronage  —  in 
other  words,  without  a  demand  for 
modern  pictures — the  art  cannot  ad- 
vance. But  it  appears  lingular  to  us, 
that  it  has  never  occurred  to  its  prac*' 
titioocrs,  that  a  certain  way  to  create 
patronage  would  be  to  foster  a  taste 
for  works  of  art  by  a  wider  distri- 
bution of  them.  There  is  an  undue 
fear  lest  the  too  extensive  circulation  of 
their  pictures  should  le&sen  their  value 
in  the  maiket.  Constant  employment 
would,  we  humbly  think,  so  far  at  least 
compensate  for  this  ;  and  when  a  rea- 
sonabfy-to-be-eipectedimprtivenientin 
the  quality  of  their  works  took  place, 
this  would  not  in  any  degree  be  felt. 
A  woik  of  art  is  and  indeed  should 
be  taken  at  its  real  merit  and  value 
like  any  thing  eUe.  We  are  con- 
vinced that  the  practitioners  of  art  fall 
into  another  error  to  their  own  dis- 
advantage, in  the  size  of  the  canvasses 
which  Ihey  adopt.  They  seem  under 
the  delusion  that  a  picture  is  of  more 
or  less  value  on  account  of  its  Bl£e. 
We  pause  not  to  disprove  so  abaurd  an 
impression.  We  do  not  object  to 
a  picture  on  account  of  its  being  targe, 
but  it  must  be  obvious  to  the  least 
inttiated  that  the  drawing  of  a  small 
picture  h  most  likely  to  be  correct, 
the  colouring  more  in  harmony,  and 
the  mechanical  department  of  the 
picture  more  faultless.  We  find 
pictures  by  Carle  du  Jardin.  for  in- 
stance, twenty-fight  inches  by  twenty- 
two,  selling  for  a  hundred  pounds, 
w-hile  another  of  equal  condition,  about 
nineteen  inches  by  fourteen,  brought 
some  time  since  at  Lady  StuartS  sale 
in  London  within  a  trifle  of  a  thou- 
sand pounds.  We  know,  too,  that  the 
Italian  nobles  did  not  so  estimate  the 
value  of  their  pictures,  for  many  of 
them  who  would  sell  those  of  large 
dimensions  would  not  be  tempted  by 


4 


252 


The  Stale  and  Pt&specU  a/AtL 


[March, 


auy  price  to  part  with  the  finitihed 
studies  for  these  large  pictures.  Be- 
sides, even  if  large  modern  pictures 
were  the  most  desirable  to  possess, 
▼ery  few  individuals  have  apartmeots 
aufficiently  large  to  show  them  to 
advantage. 

These  things  we  state  as  probable 
causes  for  retardtag  a  taste  for  art, 
«iid«  as  the  artists  themselves  have  the 
power  of  removing  them,  wc  trust 
they  will  take  our  remarks  in  good 
part,  and  dispassionately  consider 
whether  they  are  not  well  founded. 

The  question  that  now  suggests  it- 
self IB,  Has  the  natioo  done  its  part 
in  the  matter  ?  For  ourselves  we 
hesitate  not  to  answer  in  the  affir- 
mative, It  should  never  be  forgotten 
in  considering  this  subject,  that  the 
knowledge  of  painting  possessed  by 
the  English  public  was  recently  very 
limited  in  its  extent,  while,  as  a  taste 
for  the  art  became  extended  from  in- 
creased facilities  of  contemplating  its 
works,  there  was  a  corresponding  in- 
crease in  the  interest  exhibited  for  art, 
while  there  was  certainly  no  apparent 
lukewarmness  in  encouraging  iu  pro- 
fessors. The  purchasers  of  modern 
pictures  were  no  doubt  limited  in 
number,  but  wc  believe  this  is  to  be 
attributed  to  the  high  prices  already 
alluded  to  pulliog  them  beyond  the 
reach  of  people  of  ordinary  means, 
and  not  as  we  thiuk  from  a  want  of 
taste  to  relish,  or  a  desire  to  foster  an 
art,  the  growing  taste  for  which  is 
evinced  by  the  increasing  numbers  of 
all  classes  who  visit  the  National  and 
other  accessible  galleries,  public  and 
private;  and  by  the  fact  that  there 
was  little  short  of  thirty  thousand 
guinea  subscribers  last  year  to  the 
different  associations  for  the  promo- 
tion of  art.  Then  the  spirit  in  which 
Parliament  took  up  the  recommenda- 
tion of  her  Majesty,  to  consider  the 
propriety  of  decorating  the  new  houses 
of  Parliament  with  paintings  in  fresco 
and  in  oil,  shows  that  the  feeling  in 
favour  of  painting  pervades  every  in- 
telligent class  in  the  realm ;  and  it  is 
remarkable  that,  in  an  age  when  there 
ts  much  declamation  in  Parliament 
about  economy  and  retrenchment  in 
the  public  expenditure,  there  is  but  one 
voice  raised  against  an  additional  grant 
for  the  National  Gallery. 

To  th€  natigaal  coUectioo^  wc  ha?e. 


however,  to  urge  as  an  objection,  that 
it  is  devoted  to  the  Italian  and  Spanish 
schools,  to  the  almost  exclusion  of 
figure-pictures  by  the  great  Dutch 
masters.  tVe  are  perfectly  aware 
that  the  hope  and  intention  of  the 
trustees  in  so  doing,  is  to  elevate  at 
once  the  standard  both  of  taste  and 
practice  J  but,  with  all  our  individual 
predilections  for  the  Italian  school, 
we  cannot  shut  our  eyes  to  the  pre- 
ference awarded  in  England  to  the 
"  domestic  and  historical  paintings/' 
and  the  "rural"  in  landscape,  as 
evinced  by  the  greater  attractions  they 
seem  to  afford  those  visiting  our  ex- 
hibitions, as  weil  as  by  the  proportion 
of  this  class  of  pictures  annually  sold. 
We  admit  that  the  aim  of  those  ap- 
pointed to  select  for  the  nation  is  so 
far  praiseworthy,  but  we  are  never- 
theless fearful  that  their  object  may 
be  pursued  against  a  current  of  feeling 
in  the  public  mind,  which  may  be 
arrested  in  its  course  without  perhaps 
being  turned  aside  to  one  more  elevated 
or  useful.  We  wouid  have  a  pre- 
ponderance of  Italian  and  Spanish 
pictures  ;  but  we  are  humbly  of  opinion 
that  the  next  purchase  by  the  trustees 
should  be  three  or  four  fine  examples 
of  the  beat  masters  of  the  Dutch  school- 
The  same  observations  are  applicable 
to  landscape,  and  we  think  there  are 
few  who  will  not  admit  that  the  works 
of  Hobbem a  address  themselves  to  the 
feelings  of  Englishmen  more  than 
those  of  Salvator  or  the  Poussins, 
higher  and  more  poetical  in  sentiment 
though  they  be.  But  we  are,  above 
all,  desirous  to  see  one  or  two  apart- 
ments of  our  National  Gallery  de- 
voted to  the  works  of  England's  own 
great  masters.  U  is  a  strange  truth 
that,  although  every  intelligentEnglish- 
man  has  heard  of  Wilson,  Gains* 
borough,  and  Morland,  yet  to  most  of 
us  the  former  is  generally  associated 
in  our  minds  with  crude  sketches  of 
Italian  scenery,  Gainsborough  with 
market  carts,  and  Morland  with  pigs 
of  every  variety  of  size,  from  the  di- 
minutive to  the  overgrown.  But  how 
many  of  our  artists,  we  ask,  have  seen 
Wilson,  when  worthy,  a4  he  some* 
times  is,  to  take  his  place  beside  the 
old  masters  of  Italy ;  or  Morland,  ia 
one  of  his  carefully  finished  rural 
scenes^  possessing  a  force  and  a  truth 
to  oatore  which  gives  evidence  of  the 


•18440 


T>r.  Rock  and  Dr.  Ftanki. 


253 


greatness  and  origiDailty  of  bis  genius? 
Ask  an  English  portrait  painter  hia 
opiaion  of  Gainaborougli'B  portraits, 
and  we  believe  the  probability  is  con- 
siderable that  he  never  heard  of  him 
in  that,  hia  most  succeasful  walk  of 
the  art*  Only  two  fair  specimens  of 
Wilson  are  accessible  to  the  public* 
and  these  are  so  placed  in  the  National 
Gallery  as  to  be  of  little  avail  for  study, 
Hogarth,  that  perfectly  English  painter, 
is  still  unknown  except  by  prints;  of 
George  Smith  the  same  may  be  affirmed ; 
and  Reynolds  is  almost  a  stranger  to 
the  British  people.  We  ask  the  trustees 
of  the  National  Gallery^ — why  should 
this  be?  The  old  English  masters 
made  nature  their  guide,  and,  in  con- 
templating their  productions,  the  stu* 
dent  would  see  what  has  already  been 
done  by  the  genius  of  his  country  ;  he 
would  learn  also  to  aim  at  rivalling 
performances  which  perchance  he 
might  ultimately  surpass.  Nor  do  we 
throw  out  a  suggestion  difHcult  to  be 
realised  ;  let  Government  lay  aside  a 
thousand  a -year  for  the  occasional 
purchase  of  one  or  more  good  English 
pictures,  and  we  are  inclined  to  think 
that  the  Art-Union  would  not  hesitate 
to  appropriate  annually  a  sum  for  this 
purpose,  and  a0brd  an  example  which 
might  be  followed  by  other  similar 
associations,  and  certainly  by  that  of 
Scotland,  which  was  the  first  of  the 
kind,  and  is  now  possessed  of  a  large 
revenue* 

I  f  then  the  system  pursued  at  present 
in  Germany  and  in  Holland  is  little 
jlse  than  the  practice  of  mechanical 
'ill  in  copying,  or  at  the  best  trans- 
ing  in  the  pasticcio  manner  the 
works  of  some  of  the  great  defunct 
painters — if  the  chief  works  of  an- 
tiquity do  only  lend  our  artists  a 
helping  hand  in  their  stutlies — if,  on 
comparing  the  artiatical  productions 
of  our  own  country  with  those  of 
France,  the  only  other  country  which 
really  now  possesses  what  may  be 
designated  a  national  school  of  paint- 
ing, we  find  therein  little  worthy  of 
imitation  and  much  to  condemn — if  it 
is  evident  that,  whatever  the  standard 
of  excellence  may  be  at  which  art  has 
arrived  in  England,  she  not  only  (with 
all  her  faults)  stands  pre-eminent,  but 
the  course  which  her  artists  follow  is 
far  more  likely  to  lead  to  eminent  sue* 
cees  than  those  puiducd  elsewhere ;  suid 


we  venture  to  hope  that  our  reader 
accompanies  us  in  the  conclusion  that 
our  artists  had  best  continue  to  go  on 
as  they  are  doing,  keeping  in  view  the 
hints  we  have  dropped  as  to  the  effects 
probably  consequent  on  a  diminution 
of  the  size  and  price  of  their  pictures* 
Let  our  artists  be  true  to  themselvea, 
and  we  do  think  that  we  have  more 
than  indications,  we  have  solid  grounds 
for  thinking  that  there  is  a  desire  in 
the  public  mind  to  foster  them  m  their 
present  course,  which  is,  we  repeat* 
more  legitimate  in  its  objects,  and 
more  likely  to  be  satisfactory  in  its 
results,  than  that  of  our  Gallic  neigh- 
hours — more  certain,  in  a  word,  to 
elevate  our  national  school  of  painting 
ticyoDd  that  short  hut  bright  epoch 
which  is  still  the  glory  of  English  art. 


Ma.  Ueban,         SpringfiM,  Feb,  5- 

TN  the  Citizen  of  the  World   (by 

Goldsmith,)    Letter   65,   there    is    an 

account  of  Dr.  Rock  and  Dr.  Franks; 

the  former  is  described  as  being 

**  Short  of  statu  re  f  is  fat,  and  waddles 
as  he  walks.  He  always  wears  a  white 
three-tailed  wig,  nicely  combed^  and  frix- 
zled  upon  each  cheek.  Sometimes  he 
carries  a  caoe,  but  a  hot  never ;  it  is 
indeed  very  remarkable  that  tbis  extra* 
ordinary  personage  should  never  wear  an 
hat,  but  so  it  is — he  never  wears  an  hat. 
He  ii  usually  drawn  at  the  top  of  bis  own 
billif  sitting  iti  hia  arm^choir^  holding  a 
little  bottle  between  his  iinger  and  thumb, 
Burrounded  with  rotten  teeth,  nipperB, 
pUls,  pacquet«i  and  gallypots.*'* 
The  latter  (Dr.  Franks)  is  described  as 
being  "  remarkably  tall,"  and  68  years 
of  age,  and  generally  walks  with  his 
breast  open.  It  has  occurred  to  me« 
that  the  two  doctors  quarreling  may 
be  found  in  the  Harlot's  Progress 
(Plate  5 J  wherein  Dr.  Franks  is  re- 
presented as  a  tall  man  with  a  pill* 
box  in  his  hand ;  while  Dr.  Rock,  in 
the  print,  appeared  to  be  rather  a  large 
man,  holding  a  gold-headed  cane  in 
one  hand  and  a  physic  bottle  in  the 
other*  The  six  prints  were  engraved 
about  the  year  1732  or  1734.  The 
names  of  the  two  doctors  mentioned 
by  Mr.  Nichols  are,  the  lean  doctor, 
Misaubio,  a  foreign  quack  ;  and  his 
fat  opponent.  Dr.  Rock  or  Df.  Ward. 

'^  Is  iktt^  9k  oopy  ot  thia  handbill  to  bf 

found? 


254 


Wat  Brilkk  iMdn  m  Moo^fiddt  ? 


{f/m^ 


My  edition  of  the  Citizen  of  the 
World,  in  2  vols.  12mo.,  1762.  I  be- 
lieve to  be  the/rf/,  probably  aoon  after 
it  wai  written  by  Goldimith.  ai  in 
Letter  93  he  mentioned  the  death  of 
the  "old  King."  i.e.  George  IL.^in 
Letter  65.  that  Dr.  Franks  was  born 
in  1692,  and  that  his  age  was  68  ycart 
3  months  and  4  days,  which  brings  it 
down  to  the  year  1760,  when  th« 
Letters  were  written.  I.  A.  R. 


wa  nMrabr  ■■^^■Bt  I9  h^ 

ba   laiisniBBiMSB  !■    iiJi 
Ael  tUa.  a^  as  a  Hitar  il 


LONDINIANA.      No.    VIII. 

WAS  British  London  in  Moorficlds? 
A  little  pamphlet  has  been  put  forth 
by  the  ingenious  author  of  f)rafmmtm 
AntiquilutU,  No.  I.  which  treated 
on  the  site  of  Anderida.  (already 
noticed  in  these  pages),  as  No.  II.  of 
a  projected  series,  and  proposing  to 
shew  the  origin  and  etymology  of 
London.  The  consideration  of  the 
subject  saems  to  have  brought  the 
author  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
London  of  the  Britons  was  seated  in 
Moorfields— and  these  are  his  reasons : 

**The  earliest  Britons  (whether  of 
Celtic  origin  or  otherwise;  seen  to  have 
formed  their  towns  (for  by  this  general 
name  we  most  csU  those  pieces  which 
they  inhabited  in  sssocisted  companies) 
on  spoU  they  seleeted  from  some  pre- 
existing drcumsUnces  of  oonvenienoe« 
ntilityi  or  security,  on  or  about  the  site. 
We  are  told  thst  long  sloping  declivities 
to  a  river,  and  even  marshes,  were  some^ 
times  chosen We  should  re- 
member that  there  was  from  the  earliest 
times  and  until  a  few  centuries  sgo,  a 
great  marsh  or  almost  a  lake  thst  csme 
up  to  the  northern  wsILb  of  London. 
Upon  or  about  this  marsh,  1  believe,  the 
Britons  founded  a  town  or  settlement, 
which  was  the  origin  and  root  of  London. 
This  spot,  thus  originally  occupied,  wu 
in  after  timer,  andstillis,  called  Moorfields, 
although  now  and  for  ages  past  covered 
with  buildings.*  Thii  marsh  or  fen  must 
have  received  or  was  in  a  great  measure 
occasioned  by  the  water  runuiog  casually 
from  the  higher  grounds  on  the  north, 
and  settling  there.  The  water  thus 
collected  must  have  sometimes  over- 
flowed, and  then  ran  towards  and  into  the 
Thames,  by  some  ohannel  or  channels, 
perhaps  devious,  variable,  and  vncertain, 
but  not  in  any  fixed  or  regular  coarse. 

«  This  is  far  from  being  strictly  correct ; 
the  open  condition  of  Moorfields  is  not 
out  of  the  memory  of  the  present  genera- 
tion. 


Presuming  laA  a 

to  havebecB 

snfident,  it  asay  ba 

the  Britons  wwa 

Boyanee,aad, 

to  remedy  the  ii 

extent.    To  efcel 

impravwsant  ia 

to  sappoaa  that  t^  .    . 

materially  improiad  that 

aftsr^tha  tractioa  «r  th| 

brook. 


ProB  thia  anppoaitioa  tiha 
arriipca  at  the  inference  that  m  l«  tf^ 
British  laagaage  Umim  lipi Mhe  |e 
forn.  fashion^  or  cat  omt^  ftm  BHlaB% 
baring  ao  feahioncd  a^d  imeyed  oat 
this  water-coarse,  called  it  aAv  lUa 
word.  and»  establiahing  tkair 
near  the  inprofed  and  widened 
■el,  atyled  it  Llandaln.  wkiak  te 
Romans  refined  into  XtendMam.    Aa 


author  stays  aot,  he  aays.  to  tnterpnl 

the  termination  dam  (rom  wkiek  ~ 


ka 

considers  the  Roman  dwmm  to  be 
formed.  Now  thia  hypotkcaia  ia  eri- 
dently  gratnitoQs  and  improbable.  We 
have  first  the  aoppoaition  tliat  ^ 
British  colonists  woold  prefer  a  damp 
and  undrained  qnagmiie  wkiek  Ibr 
ages  preserved  that  chararleriatie^  and 
a  nook  somewhat  remote  fram  te 
Thames,  to  the  elevated  groaad  wUck 
overhung  the  river  itaelf«  wkeaee  tkey 
might  launch  their  fiahiag  eoiaclei^ 
hold  intercourse  with  veeaela 
foreign  shores,  or  descry  the  <  _  ^ 
of  enemies.  No  more  most  we'ladalge 
in  the  idea  that  London  waa  tka  Llya 
Dinas.  the  town  of  the  lake,  ar  Liosf 
Dinas.  the  Llongbortb«  or  haian  of 
ships  ;  the  antiquary  ia  called  opaa  by 


this  conjecture,  and  such  it  merelv  ii^ 
to  acknowledge  that  a  moet  labonaaa 
undertaking  was  adopted  to  reader 
habitable  a  spot  of  all  othere  meet  an- 
fitted  for  human  existence,  aad  Ulia  la 
reject  a  neighbourlaa  site  whick  kad 
an  impassable  marsh  to  protect  it  on 
the  north,  a  noble  river  or  mstaary  la 
the  south,  a  stream  on  the  y 
Fleet  river,  and  another  to  tke 
Walbrook. 

Many  Roman  towna  have  eertaialf 
risen  out  of  British  ones  {  bat  we  are 
at  a  loss  to  point  out  any  whick  kad 
their  origin  under  circumataacee  aa 
unlikely  and  ineligible.  The  Romeaaj 
Whittaker  obtenree,  aflectcd  to  kriay 


1^440 


JVai  British  London  in  Mtyorfieldi  9 


Bntith  under  RotD^n  denominattons, 
or  mt  leasts  we  may  add,  to  modify 
them  into  Roman.  Many  names  of 
these  towns  are  Roman,  most  are 
Celtic,  and  some  are  both,  as  Lon- 
dintum  Augusta.* 

The  author  of  the  tract  under  con- 
sideration appears  earnestly  to  desire 
that  MoorfieMs  should  be  deprived  of 
the  accepted  import  of  its  appe1iation,t 
at  sifnifying  a  marshy  tract  of  ground, 
mlthoogh  in  the  passages  we  have 
quoted  he  had  allowed  it  to  he  such. 
When  William  the  Conqueror  gave 
this  spot  to  the  Canons  of  St,  Martin - 
le*Oraiid,  he  said  in  his  grant, 

'*  Dodo  et  concedo  eidem  ecclesite  pro 
redemptioQe  animaniin  prntris  et  matris 
mtm  totam  terram  et  moram  extra  pos* 
tcTulam  qi2K  dicitur  Cnpelcsgate/*  Sic. 

TTie  term  iworant  did  not,  the  easayist 
thinks,  apply  to  a  fen,  but  was  used 
for  ao  abandoned  or  deserted  old  Bri- 
tish settlement  or  village.  The  expres- 
sion of  the  Conqueror's  charter, 

*'  I  do  nat,  he  s&ySt  consider  any  aa* 
ti»ri^  Ibr  eoacloding  that  morr  or  moor 
andeotly  meant  a  aaanh  or  fea*     Soma 

confttsioo  or  obwmrity  haa  evidently  pre- 
Tftiled  with  respect  to  the  meaning  of  the 

(term ;  but  Aov,  or  tckere/ore,  I  ctfaaof 
€JFplam ;  yet  I  repeat  tbnt  it  seems  to  me 
in  ita  origin  to  have  been  applied  to  the 
lite  of  a  Britiih  settlement  or  town,  after 
the  9Ame  had  become  deserted  and  the 

Jbaildings  gone/' 
He  now  proceeds  to  call  to  hia  aid 
the  syllabk  wur,  m  if  it  were  ideoti. 
cal  with  mora  or  laoor,  and  biota  that 
Murdd^^  the  Roman  Muridunum  I 
■oppose^  and  the  present  Caermarthen, 
implies  in  the  British  tongue  the  ruins 
of  a  building.  But  what  obstacle  1 
wottld  ask  is  there  to  the  more  ob* 
vioiis  etymology,  Mur  y  dioa-^,  the 
city-wall*  tudicatiog  the  fortifica- 
tkm  with  which  the  Romans  sar- 
rounded  their  station  Muridunom. 
tlie  other  Terston  would  evidently 
itnpty  thai  the  Romans  built  their  ata* 
tioo  and  named  it  afterwards  from  its 
ruins :  Moreton  Hampstead,  in  De« 
vouihire,    would    according    to    this 

♦  Hint,  of  Maachester. 

f  The  outlines  of  these  ooajectxirca  wtm 
eommmsicated  to  the  Gaot.  Mag,  in  the 
Minor  Corrvapondaaoa  for  Oct.  184?, 
under  the  stgnatiirt  K,  Q,»  thm  adoftvd 
by  the  author* 


theory  derive  ita  name  from  being 
seated,  not  on  Dartmoor^  that  wide 
uncultivated  waste  composed  of  bogs, 
heaths,  and  tors,  but  hard  by  a  ruined 
wall.  The  aaroe  would  be  averred  of 
Moreton  in  Marsh,  of  Kirhy  Moor- 
side,  and  other  places,  to  which  the 
vicinage  of  marsnes  or  open  heaths 
has  evidently  given  their  denomina- 
tion. The  writer  pursues  his  etymo- 
logies I  he  celticises  the  name  of  Lam- 
beth, presuming  that  in  the  British, 
Roman,  and  Saxon  times,  the  river 
Thames  was  crossed  on  foot  by  means 
of  stepping  stones  ^  and  in  the  British 
ton  go  e,  we  are  told,  Uamau  afon  means 
stepping  stones  in  a  river,  Horn  a  leap 
or  stride,  /amta<f  a  stepping  or  striding; 
and  thus  the  strides  and  jumps  which 
the  Britons  here  made  to  pass  the 
Thames  remain  recoHed  in  the  name 
of  Lambeth.  The  deiivation  itself 
wants  a  stepping-stone,  for  it  goes 
over  but  to  one  syllable  half  way; 
what  the  second  syllabic  of  the  name 
really  was«  is  however  a  doubtful 
matter.  In  Domesday  Book,  the  place 
ia  written  Lanchei,  and  seems  to  point 
at  the  site  of  a  church,  llon> 

To  return  to  the  British  settlement 
in  Moorfields*  It  happens  rather  uo. 
favourably  to  its  exiateoce  that  the 
relics  which  are  now  reclaimed  from 
its  boggy  soil  are  not  ancient  Celtic 
axes,  swords,  torques,  arrow  or  spear- 
heads; but  they  are  chiefly  vestigea 
of  the  Middle  Ages,  double- banded 
svrords,  daggers,  and  knives  of  iron; 
ornamented  leather  acabbarda  of  cuir 
bouilli,  and  the  long  pointed  shoes  of 
the  Anglo-Norman  tiroes.  The  tanning 
principle  contained  in  the  boggy  soil 
has  wonderfully  contributed  to  preserve 
these  leathern  articles  in  perfection : 
I  appeal  to  the  museum  of  Mr.  C.  R, 
Smith  in  confirmation  of  the  facta  I 
have  stated.  If,  however,  there  waa 
really  no  British  colony  in  Moor> 
fields,  nor  British  embaukments  and 
canals,  I  myself  observed  some  at- 
tempts  at  an  imperfect  embankroeut 
on  the  rising  ground  nearSt,  MichaePa 
Crooked  Lane,  when  the  approaches 
of  the  preaeot  London  Bridge  were 
constructiDg;  here,  about  seventy  feet 
north  of  Thames  Street,  was  a  line  of 
stakes  of  no  great  size,  rodely  formed 
of  the  larger  branches  of  trees,  whilt 
at  the  bottom  of  the  htlJ  on  the  aouth 
side  of  Thames  Street  were  the  ft- 


25G 


Soman  London-^Samian  Wares* 


[March^ 


xnaiDS  of  an  embankmcDt  of  solid 
squared  timber,  aod  stoat  camp-sheath- 
ing  of  oak*  indicating  a  work  of  the 
Romans^  and  the  limits  to  which  these 
enterprising  and  engineering  colonists 
had  confined  the  flood  tidca  of  the 
great  sestuary  the  Thames ; — and  this 
brings  me  to  the  etymology  offered 
by  the  essayist  for  that  river.  The 
name  of  the  Thames,  he  says^  has 
never  been  accounted  for,  but  he  al- 
lows that  the  first  colonists  of  Britain 
founded  many  settlements  on  the  hanks 
of  the  river  Thames.  The  Roman 
name  Thamesis,  he  says,  is  a  British 
one  refined,  and  be  suggests  that  it 
may  be  formed  on  one  of  these  British 
terms.  *'  Thenedig,  expanded  j  Taeniad^ 
spreading ;  Diettu^  to  spread  ;  Tanedig, 
being  spread^  expanded  ;  Taniad,  ex- 
pansion ;  Tti^fa,  spread ;  Tynu,  to 
stretch." 

It  may  be  fully  conceded  that  the 
popular  notion  that  the  name  is  com- 
pounded of  the  united  rivers  Tame 
and  Isis  is  imaginative^  or  very  re- 
motely approaching  the  truth  ;  for  the 
plain  derivation  seems  to  be,  from  Tqf 
or  Tame  river,*  Uhgue  or  Owse  water, 
which,  compounded  according  to  eu- 
phony, would  produce  Tamme,  whence 
the  transition  to  Tamise^  Thamcsis, 
or  Thames,  ts  neither  violent  or  im- 
probable. I  leave  this  suggestion  with 
nil  due  diffidence  to  the  consideration 
of  competent  Celtic  etymologists. 

Whatever  was  the  nucleus  from 
which  the  Roman  colony  at  London 
grew,  I  have  endeavoured  to  shew  in 
Londintana,  No.  VI. f  what  were  its 
limits  aliout  the  time  of  Vespasian. 
How  great  its  population  must  subse- 
quently have  been  in  the  Roman  times 
is  attested  by  the  tessellated  pavements, 
the  sepulchral  urns,  the  domestic  uten- 
aits  and  fragments  of  Samian  vessels, 
which  are  everywhere  found  buried 
under  the  site  of  the  modern  city  of  Lon- 
don, not  to  mention  those  found  in  the 
settlement  ultra  pontetrtt  which  the 
Romans  had  undoubtedly  established 
in  Southwark« 

Many  of  the  coarser   fictile  vases 


*  Jkm  in  the  Irish  dialect  of  the 
Celtic  is  rendered  ocean.  See  O'Reilly'f 
Dictionary.  Ocean  -  water 'woii  Id  very  well 
ripreti  the  nature  of  this  fmc  tide-rtvcr. 

t  0«it,MH.^^l-XVlLp.  3^ 


were  manufactured  In  Britain  ;  of  the 
red  ware^  commonly  known  as  Samiao, 
I  think  wc  may  fairly  conclude  that  it 
was  imported  from  some  of  those  con- 
tinental  manufactories   of  which  the 
younger  Ptiny  speaks  in  his  Natural 
History*     "Major  quoque  pars  homi* 
num  terrenis  utitur  vasis,  Samia  etiam- 
Diim  in  esculis  iaudantur. ....."     He 

then  enumerates  the  continental  towns 
where  Samian  vessels  were  manufac- 
tured, as  Surrentum,  Arret  ium,  Asta, 
Saguntum,  Pergamos,  and  adds, 
"  Hsec  quoque  per  maria  terrasque 
ultr5  club  portantur/*  —  and  this 
brings  me  to  the  subject  of  potters* 
names,  stamped  on  Samian,  and  aome 
few  pieces  of  other  ware,  of  which  i 
annex  an  alphabetic  list,  being  such  as 
have  come  under  my  own  observation, 
or  are  to  be  found  in  other  collectioas 
or  well  authenticated  reports,  chiefly 
derived  from  the  site  of  Roman  Lon- 
don. 

I  am  aware  that  one  or  two  of  your 
correspondents  may  contribute,  per- 
haps, a  large  supplement  to  this  list ; 
nevertheless,  it  wilt  be  something  to 
have  made  a  beginning. 

Augustalis,*  Calvini. 

Albani-  Of,  Cea. 

Albinj.  Ma.  Of.  Crcs. 

Albuci.  Of.  Cresti. 

AqultanuB*  Demara.  M. 

Argo  F.f  Divicatus. 

Belinicci  M.  Felii  Fecit. 

BritiiDU.  ♦. .  Felic. 

Caiava  F,  O.  Firmonii, 

Cata  sextos  F,  Germanic. 

Of.  Calvi.  ludulciua,: 


•  This  mark  I  have,  I  think,  seen  in 
Mr.  Roach  Smith'a  collection.  It  may 
indicate  that  the  vessel  belonged  to  the 
Pnetor's  palace.  Thus  1  have  a«eii  ves* 
sell  stamped  D,  O.  M.  S.  Deo  Opt^BO 
Maximo  Sacrum.  Mr.  Smith  hat  a  ca- 
rious stamp  denoting  the  capacity  of  the 
vcifld.     Vini  ix. 

t  The  letters  F—  O—  M—  F—  M.  S.  F, 
stand  for  feciti  officina  or  ex  official,  manu, 
or  manu  sua  fecit. 

X  Perforated  on  a  censer  of  earthenware, 
Montfaucon  ia  his  ItaUan  Diary  tays  he 
boaght  two  seals  for  stamiuiig  rartheu 
veaseli,  each  having  a  ring  attached.  One 
of  the  imprcsBCS  ii  Greek,  T*  lOYAIOV* 
^OIBIQNOC  for  Titi  JuUi  Phoebionts ;  the 
other  Latin,  Q,  Sahini  Seundial.  Several 
brooxe  stamps  of  this  kind  art  in  t^e 
BHtith  Mnaeum. 


1844.] 

Licmut  P. 
LvUena. 

LiLoiiiiIui< 

Luppa. 
Mftcer&tQB. 
Mftrti.  If. 

Mixisini.  M. 
Martini.  II. 
Matafi«nfit. 
Ifttdati.  M» 
Mido. 

Of  MoqUqi. 
Morteam.  F. 
Of.  Murran. 


Autographs —  Spain — Ttftfy . 


Of.  Ni^ri. 
Paterai  M. 
on  Pazieoi. 
Of.  Prim, 
Priinllivi, 
Of.  Pompeii. 
Of.  Piid«iitii. 
PotitiAii. 
Of.  Roll. 
Ruffi.  M. 
SecutidL 


Of.  fieveri. 

Tetrid. 

Of.  L.  Coi.  Viril.» 


I  have  mcideQlally  Qoticed  in  this 
commuDication  the  museum  of  Mr.  C. 
Rottch  Saiith,  as  replete  with  re  he  a  of 
high  antiquarlao  iQterest,  anil  I  here 
take  occaaion  to  expreds  the  hope  that 
hit  interestiag  work,  now  in  course  of 
publiealioD,  Collectanea  Antiqua^  will 
largely  embrace  the  itlustratioii  of  Lon* 
dinian  aotiquitiea,  in  which  his  col- 
leclioii  is  so  rich. 

In  concluAioQ,  I  would  observe  that 
it  u  from  tangible  evidence  chh^y* 
oftea  it ro ugly  fortifying  the  conjec- 
tures of  the  etymologist,  that  any  safe 
And  potitive  coQcluaions  aa  to  aucient 
Ro0ma  and  British  sites,  faliea  into 
decay  and  oblivion,  can  be  drawn. 
Yours,  &c.    A.  J.  K. 


Communication  of  J.  R*  continued  from 
p.  160. 

(No,  3.)   AUT00fi4PH8,  &c. 

Maay,  very  many  objects  of  re- 
ftarch,  derive,  we  know,  an  artilicial 
or  arbitrary  estimatign  from  associated 
circumstances,  wholly  irrelevant  and 
eiclusive  of  their  intrinsic  value,  as 
some  books  obtain  favour,  not  for  the 
merit  of  their  professed,  but  of  their 
incidental  contents ;  such  a&  Baudelot 
dc  Dairvars  "Utility  dcs  Voyages/' 
(1680,  vol.)  ft  mere  nutnismatic, 
though  curious  work.  Among  these 
iadulgences  of  fancy,  may  well  be 
reckoned     the     signatures     or    auto- 

*  Ex  officina  Lucli  Cossi  Virilii.— This 
is  the  mark  of  a  very  ancient  potter,  and 
is  fourd  soiaetitnes  in  s  sort  of  Ubel,  and 
at  either  end  of  the  letters  «ix  pellets  thus 
disposed  ']  *  It  wds  found  with  coins  of 
Claadias  sod  Veipasian  at  East  Cheap, 
and.  If  I  remember  rightly,  oq  pottery 
in  the  sepulchres  at  the  Bartlow  HiUs. 

GiifT,  Mao,  Vol.  XXL 


graph  writings  of  personages  of  re- 
nown in  every  direction  of  talent^ 
more  especially  of  authors,  unless  by 
their  abuodance  rendered  of  easy 
supply.  Ths  extraordinary  prices 
era  ulou sly  paid  for  those  of  Shakspere* 
place  them,  tike  his  genius,  beyond  all 
competition  ;  but  other  countries  ftrt 
by  no  means  iodiflferent  to  this  ho« 
mage^orunimpassioned  in  the  apprecia- 
tion of  their  national  celebrities  ;  and 
to  them,  as  our  own  must  be  so  much 
more  generally  known,  1  shall  prefer* 
ably  point  my  observations. 

The  riches  of  Spain  in  this  depart* 
ment   of  taste   or   curiosity   are   ei* 
tensive,  so  far  as  they  may  embrace 
the  original  despatches  of  Cortes,  the 
first  of  which  appears  to  have  been 
lost,  with  those  of  Pizarro,  and  othar 
daring    adventurers  ]    for    Columbus 
bears  a  much  higher  character;  and 
every  document  under  his  hand  must 
be  held  in  superior  estimation,  as  pro« 
ceeding  from   a  mind   of  paramount  | 
powers  of  com binatioD.     The  correal 
pondence  of  the  Duchess  of  Parma» 
in  Italian,  and  of  Cardinal  Graavella  j 
in   Spanish,    with    Philip    U,  on  iht 
wars  of  the  Netherlands,  are  also  of  ] 
deep  interest,  being  wholly  confidential, 
to  the  historian  of  that  proloDged  strife. 
At  that  period,  and  somewhat  earlier^ 
the  records  of  Portuguese  discoveries  j 
and  conquests  are  scarcely  less  prised  t 
and  the  autographs  of  Cervantes  of 
Camoisns,  the   literary   ornaments   oil 
their  respective  nations,  are  treasured  { 
with  the  fondest  solicitude,  though  is  | 
Eoglaod  those  of  the  Spaniard  would  , 
probably  escite  more  ardour  of  acquis  < 
sUion.     Omittiog,  as  far  less  entitled 
to  notice,  the  minor  sovereignties  of  j 
Europe,  Italy  must  engage  our  atten« 
tion ;  for    there,    from    various    co« 
operating  causes,  most  numerous  art 
the  repositories  of  these  relics  of  th§ 
illustrious  dead.     Some  personal  ma« 
moriai  is  preserved  in  their  respect ivt 
states  of  all  the  distinguished  charac 
ters  which  that  peniDsula,  so  fruitful 
of  undying  names,  has  produced,  sinct 
the  days  of  Dante  to  the  preaeot  hour. 
Indeed,  Petrarch  even    believed   thai 
the  pen  of  Virgil  was  found  in  hii 
supposed  tomb  at  Naples*  where,  ac« 
cording  to  the  epitaph  prepared,  wa 
are  told  by  himself  he  was  buried. 

♦*  Msntos  me  genoit:  Calabri  ripuere  i  leatt 
Psrthenope."  [«i 

2  L 


258 


Casar'f  Will-^LUemry  Deceptions, 


[March, 


Petrarch's  credulity  on  sucli  a  de- 
airable  treasure-trove^  if  the  term 
may  be  so  applied,  was,  we  can  readily 
imagiDej  of  easy  seductioD, — Aod  the 
•agacious  MabiUorii  in  his  admirable 
treatise^  de  Re  DipIoinatk&.  gives 
credit  to  the  geDuioencss  of  Coeaar's 
teaiaroent*  discovered  at  FoDtaineblcaa^ 
in  the  lixteenth  century*  by  the  uii' 
fortunate  wiit)Dg*ma£ter  of  Charles 
IX.  and  written  on  the  bark  of  a  tree, 
(in  cortice.)  The  discoverer,  who  was 
birosetr  perfectly  sincere  in  the  belief 
of  the  document's  originality*  was 
Peter  Ham  an,  a  native  of  Blois ;  he  was 
hanged  for  alleged  sedition  in  1569r 
but«  as  he  was  an  ardent  Protestant^ 
the  JQstice  of  his  sentence  may  reason- 
ably be  doubted  under  that  reign.  I 
have  not  seen  this  circumstance  ad- 
verted to  by  the  commentators  of  Shak- 
apere's  JuHus  Cssar,  upon  Antony's 
reference  to  the  Dictator's  Will.  But* 
overlooking  tbe  fabulous  or  doubtful^ 
though  not  wholly  unarmed  with  more 
ample  materials,  1  yet  feel  deterred 
from  the  consideration  of  many  un- 
contested lilerary^  remnants  of  eminent 
Italians,  by  the  restriction  of  my  pre* 
tcribed  plan  in  these  cursory  glances 
(or  "Kleine  Schriften/\as  Niebiihr 
terms  his  short  essays),  I  cannot, 
however,  pass  unnoticed  an  autograph 
receipt  of  Michael  Angeto,  still  in 
existence,  with  an  equally  extant 
sketch  of  St,  Peter's  church,  his  own 
original  design,  enhanced  by  various 
lUustrative  observations,  because  the 
vesiduoos  emanations  of  that  great 
artist's  pen  or  pencil  ore  of  extreme 
rarity*  As  connected  with  the  topic, 
and  not  uninteresting  in  itself,  I  may 
also  add,  that,  so  recently  as  last 
summer,  a  comprehensive  system  of 
literary  deception,  not  dissimilar  to 
those  of  Macpherson,  of  Chatterton, 
or  of  Irelandf  among  ourselves,  was  de* 
tected  at  Rome,*  and  visited  by  the 

*  lodependently  of  literary  coonterfeitf « 
the  onmbrr  of  tnscnptioas  or  of  coins* 
and  other  mrmorinli  of  fir  tire  antiquity, 
which  from  time  to  time  have  been  p^med 
Oil  the  world,  would  ttt  eaoeed  ofdiiiary 
hallef,  if  detailed.  8(NBe  ladeed  have 
beta  tha  pFoductioni  of  tportive  In- 
dttlfeaee*  or  \r*%%  &nd  trtftU  of  Tuaoted 
sagsciti ;  hvA  :h6   io- 


criminal  tribunals  of  that  city  with 
a  severity  of  infliction  unknown  to 
our  laws  for  such  transgression.  The 
delinquent    was   condemned    to    \m* 


taatioas  of  »j 
lUfv  lh«y  li 


imucU    VI    ivu'|»vi«iij    ttl^Ctii* 


Of  the  former  deceptions,  however, 
though  comparatively  of  iimocent  purpose* 
several  most  learned  men  huvc  occaiionaUy 
been  dupes*  h&  the  Jesuit  Kircher  by 
his  own  pupib,  if  we  may  credit  Ni- 
cerOQf  in  the  thirty -second  volume 
of  hw  Literary  Memoirs,  or  even  the 
Jesuit's  owQ  colleague,  our  country* 
man  Nathatiiel  Southwell,  in  hia  "  Con- 
ttauatiou  of  Ribadeatira  and  AJegambe*s 
History  of  the  OrderJ'  (Romae,  1676, 
folio.)  And  Joieph  Scali^er,  a  much 
more  penetrating,  though  possibly  not 
a  profounder  student  ^suffered  his  judgment 
to  be  deluded  by  Muretus»  (M.  A.  Muret), 
who  sent  him  certain  verses,  as  the  dis> 
covered  productions  of  Attius  and  Tral>eas, 
two  old  poets  during  the  first  Cartha- 
ginian war,  but,  in  reality »  Marct*s  own 
fabrication,  and  which  the  hypercritic 
inierted,  as  genuine,  in  his  edition  of 
Terentiui  Varro»  (1573,  avo.)  ScoUger, 
deeply  wounded  in  his  pride  and  over- 
weening pretensions,  on  demonstration  of 
the  imposition  vented  his  irritated  feelings 
in  a  bitter  epigram ,  which  conveyed  im- 
putations, more,  I  am  confident,  of  male- 
Tolence  than  of  truth  ;  for  they  were 
never  proved ;  and  Scaliger*s  dtsn^ord  of 
fact  or  decency  in  his  literary  warfare 
needs  no  other  evidence  than  his  diaaeii- 
tioo  with  Scioppius.    The  epigram  is, 

**QDi  riffid*  flammss  vitaverat  ante  Tholoac, 
Muretui,  fumos  vendidit  lUe  mihi<^' 

Rektive  to  Muret  see  the  Gent.  Mag* 
for  August,  1837.  page  147.  He  hod 
been  one  of  Montaigne's  preceptors,  hi 
conjunction  with  Buchanan  and  others. 
He  was  also  by  birth  the  Gascon  phi- 
losopher's neighbour;  and,  by  general 
acknowledgment,  one  of  the  moot  elegaai 
icholars  of  his  age.  Manage,  who  brieHy 
alludes  to  the  arch  trick  practifed  on 
Scaliger,  the  vainest  of  men.  as  ahove^ 
(Mi-nagiana,  tome  i.  p*  90,)  adds  an 
epigram  composed  by  Muret  on  the  figofe 
of  Bacchus,  placed  over  a  fonntain*  The 
dittich  he  praises  as  beautiful,  which 
induces  me  to  present  it  here  : 
"  Noil  dam  iiatus  iram  cum  me  prope  penlidll 
Igolae 

Ba  illo  Umpliaft  tempore  Bacchus  amo.** 
Tlia  f  opiliif  on  the  oalutiferous  spring  of 
Bourboune  lea  Eaux,  (D^partement  de  la 
tlautfl  Maine,)  one  of  tbe  most  freqaeated 
by  mvalidj  in  France »  is  not  ioCerior  ia 
eptgratnatic  point,  and  it  clearer  in  al- 
luaWa. 


1844.] 


Auiopraphs-^  Germant/'^'France, 


259 


pn^onment  for  life*  His  name  Vfna 
Alberto  Toni,  but,  cavalierly  assuming 
the  nobler  one  of  Couot  Mariano^  he 
had  publialied  during  the  previous 
year,  as  of  recent  discovery,  various 
poems  of  Tasso,  of  Guarmi^  of  Pelrarch, 
and  of  Slrozzi,  with  numeroias  letters 
ascribed  to  historical  natnes,  whjchj 
at  first,  so  clever  were  the  counterfeits, 
were  miKesitalingly  hailed  and  ac- 
cepted aa  genuine.  A  gentleman, 
however,  whose  ancestor  happened  to 
be  most  irreverently  mentioned  in 
these  fabrications,  was  thence  urged 
to  their  closer  inspection,  (for  they 
were  deBantly  exposed  to  public  view  J 
and,  challenging  a  strict  legal  inquiry, 
succeeded  in  establishing  their  spurious 
origin.  All  the  implcmcDts  of  de- 
ception used  in  discolouring  and  im- 
pressing with  the  necessary  indicationa 
of  antiquity  the  paper,  parchment,  or 
vellum,  were  laid  bare. 

Nor  should  we  omit  apassing  allusion 
to  the  innumerable  impositions  prac- 
tised by  Voltaire  and  the  Holbachian 
anti-Christiaa  coosptratora,  and,  still 
more  directly,  the  supposititious  work 
published  in  1803,  " Po(^ie a de  Madame 
dc  Surviile,  (Clotilde  de  Vallon  C holes) 
Po^te  Franc^ais  du  15*  si^cle.'^  re- 
printed in  1625,  and  edited  by  M. 
Vandersbourg,  but  the  most  probable 
fabrication  of  the  lady's  descendant, 
the  Marquis  de  Surville,  and  not,  as 
represented  by  Mr,  D" Israeli,  (p.  483,) 
of  the  editor.  The  Marquis  was 
executed  as  a  returned  emigrant  m 
17J^8,  leaving  the  raanuscript,  which 
bears  proofs,  similar  to  Chatterton's, 
of  modern  composition  ;  for,  divested 
of  the  old  spelling,  it  is  oetrly  the 
language  of  this  day;  and,  not  only 
are  books  cited,  which  could  hardly 
have  been  known  to  the  fair  writer, 
such  as  Sappho,  Lucretius,  not  then 
printed^  &c.  j  but  mention  occurs  of 


*•  Aori/eru  dives  jictat  PactoltiB  urenu  ; 
Ditlor  hxt  aflert  mortalibaa  uodA  aaluteiD." 

These  lines  inicribed  on  a  chrystal  vaic 
sparkling  with  Nature's  limpid  element, 
would,  methinka,  not  inaptly  express  the 
blessingt  derived  and  expected  from  the 
Temperance  movement,  impressed  on  his 
own,  and  offered  in  example,  to  other 
countries,  by  my  ever  honoured  friend, 
whose  regard  I  valcte  beyond  all  the  dis- 
Unetloni  in   the   power  of  royalty   to 


the  seven  satellites  of  Saturn,  when 
we  know  that  the  first  wiia  not  dis- 
covered till  1635,  orabout  two  centuries 
after  the  alleged  date  of  the  poems,  by 
Huygens,  nor  the  last,  till  17B9,  by 
Herachel.  ( See  **  le  Journal  dca 
Savaiis,"  for  April  1824,  by  M.  Ray- 
nouard.)  The  daring  attempt  of  the 
''  Licenciado,  Alonso  Fernaadex  de 
Avellano,  who,  after  the  long  silence 
that  succeeded  the  first  edition  of 
Don  Quixote  in  1605,  ventured  to 
publish  a  second  part  of  that  in* 
imitable  work  in  IfiH,  at  Tarragona, 
in  which  he  treats  Cervantes  as  old, 
lame,  poor,  &c*  (viejo,  raanco,  pobre, 
&c.)  equally  merits  reprobation  i  but 
it  elicited  the  second  part  from  the 
original  author  in  1615.  (See  Vida 
de  Cervantes,  page  xxx.  ed»  1780,  4to, 
§  85,  &c. 

Many  rich  collections  of  auto- 
grapha  exist  in  Germany,  particularly 
in  the  libraries  of  Berlin,  Wiittenberg, 
Dresden,  Manheim,  and  Vienna.  Those 
of  Count  Czemen,  the  Imperial  High 
Chancellor's  son,  of  Herr  Fiichs  Aloisa, 
of  Baron  Hardenbcrg,  of  Count  Osso- 
lenski,  andof  Signor  Franc iaco  Tim oni, 
in  the  Austiau  capital,  are  entitled  to 
especial  attention.  At  Leipzic  the 
purchase  and  sale  of  these  articles  form 
the  professed  trade  of  the  bookseller 
Greffcr.  He  lately  obtained  from  the 
Grand  Duke  of  Lucca  five  hundred 
florins  for  a  letter  of  Luther  to  the 
Saxon  elector,  John,  in  1530,  extend- 
ing to  six  foolscap  pages,  and  two 
hundred  fiorlus  from  the  same  prince 
for  a  letter  of  the  mystic  iheosophist, 
Emanuel  Sweden  bo  rg,  written  with 
his  own  blood  I  at  Dresden, 

But  **  To  kinder  skies,  where  gentler  man- 
ners reigUi  [domain/* 
I  turn  ;  and  France  display i  her  bright 

In  France,  of  course,  a  superabundant 
fund  of  gratification  to  the  curioMS  in- 
vestigator  of  these  monuments  of  de- 
parted fame  will  be  found.  *Ek  ^u6$ 
apx'&i^t&a*  '*  a  Jove  principium  ;'*  and 
I  begin  with  her  renowned  champion. 
In  this  MagazineforOctober  1838, page 
381,  it  is  stated  that,  at  Mr.  Sotheby'a 
sale-room  in  1825,  the  simple  signa* 
tures  of  Buonaparte,  with  the  letter  w, 
as  in  the  original  Itnlian,  produced  each 
five  pounds,  because  of  much  rarer 
occurrence  than  those  of  Bonaparte* 
wbicbf  in  hia  early  Italian  campaigna 


IM 


Sipmium  •/  Bmmfmrft.^M.  Mmtion. 


[MMk, 


of  1796  ud  1797.  he  sdoplcd.  n- 
chiding  the  Towtl,  and  whiek  ooIt 
fiielwd,  M  BQch  Bort  eonmon,  Mch 
A  BiBglc  povBd.*      It  will.  likcwiM. 

*  Hert  I  cannot  k«lp  obMrnng  that 
t«r  Engtiih  writen  geaerallT  pcniit,  u 
^  French  lefitiniiitt  eqiuUy  do.  in  the 
ItdUn  Srtkocraphy  of  tlio  Eoperor'i 
Mtron jmic ;  bnt,  as  tUt  change  ii  allowed 
to  othen,  larely  he  wu  entitled  to  the 
priTflege.  It  conaeqnently  ihonld  bo 
written  according  to  hla  edoption,  Hk« 
thai  of  onr  great  Dake.  vhieh  hei  boon 
altored  from  Wesley  to  Wellciley,  dnring, 
1  boiioTe,  hit  and  hit  brother  the  marqoett't 
ooamaad  in  India  ;  for  hit  early  miiiury 
oommiitioD,  and  the  Irish  pariianenUry 
roll  nnder  Lord  WcttmorUnd,  aniformlT 
exhibit  the  shorter  name,  identical  witn 
that  of  the  professed  reformer  or  rege- 
nerator of  the  Anglican  reformatioo. 
whose  life  hat  been  to  interestingly  writ- 
ten by  Bonthey.  Ultimately,  of  eonrse, 
Ibo  fimily  name  of  Bonaparte  merged  In 
tbo  baptismal  one,  as  that  of  a  sovereign ; 
bnt  the  former  was  ingenionsly  addnced 
on  a  partiailar  oeeasion,  not,  I  think, 
unworthy  of  adrertance.  Dnrina  the 
imperial  sw^,  when  all  Franco  Tied  with 
tmnlatifo  effort  in  the  Tariation  of  homage 
to  her  cherished  idol,  the  late  Protestant 

Cistor  of  Paris,  Panl  Henri  Marrion, 
ndered  his  contribntion  of  incense  In 
rather  a  noTel  form.  It  was  by  a  short 
Latin  address  eommemoratiTe  of  the  an- 
elent  family  Illustration,  though  dimmed 
bj  Sttb«M|aent  casualties,  and  whieh 
oiooed  with  the  following  epitaph  on 
Charles  Buonaparte,  Napoleon's  father, 
whose  memory,  it  truly  recites,  owes  its 

Cesenration  to  the  reflective  lustre  of  his 
mortal  son's  fame. — 

**  Fortunate  pater  t  letales  ezcnte  somnos; 
Cui  dederas  vitam,  te  vetat  ille  mori." 

If.  Marrion,  a  native  of  Leyden.  long 
presided  over  his  church  in  the  French 
capital,  where  he  was  highly  esteemed, 
and,  I  am  gratified,  from  some  personal 
knowledge,  to  feel  authorised  to  add, 
most  deservedly.  His  letter  to  our  Helen 
Maria  Williams, — "  La  Citoyeune  Wil- 
liams,'*  as  distinguished  at  the  time, — 
caused  some  sensation  In  179^>  In  poli- 
tics, however,  he  was  somewhat  the  fol- 
lower of  the  Vicar  of  Bray,  (see  Gent.  Mag. 
for  November  1839,  p.  4G5,)  rather  than 
at  Horace  represents  himself,  the  disciple 
of  Aristlppus,  and  warranted  to  say, '*Et 
mihi  ret  non  me  rebus  submittere  conor.*' 
{Epitt.  lib.  1,  £p.  If  V.  19,)  for  he  never 
railcMl  to  hail  every  ascendant  star,  and 
vnUbrmlj  in  Latin,  of  which  he  had  a 


bt  there  fooiid.  that  for 


Volney't  travtln  nrichnd,  thooipk  a^ 
pnrentiT  apoiM,  bj  tnnnobniiitlliiM 
in  hit  illegible  eemwlp  aad  Ml  iciid 
iBf  twenty  linee  of  print,  tbt  hielir 
Fraderich  Baker  paid  flfty-oM  I 

while  the  wnrk  itatlf  la 

I  tee,  in  thai 

above  to  maay  peace.  (8 
relative  to  a  naea  of  Napoleoa'a 
vonthfol  compotitiaiia  in  manaecripl 
the  Qeat.  Mag.  for  April  184Spp.MlJ 
Racine't  copy  of  Sophaelea,  with  hit 
marginal  notet,  adoma  tbt  Boyal 
Paritiaa  Library  ;  but  I  hnow  not 
whether  the  well-thnnbai  EdiHa 
Princept,  in  Greek,  of  iIm  "^thi- 
opica  "  of  Heliodomt,  (Baailcei  liM^ 
4to.>  which,  afler  twocopiaa  had  beta 
committed  to  the  ilamee,  ha  ipoIbb. 
Urily  retigned  to  hit  profeeaor  at  Pert 
Royal,  the  Benedictiae  Ciaode  Laaei^ 
lot.  observing  with  a  tmile,  *'  that  he 
conld  now  ditpeaie  with  it,  for  ha  had 
it  all  by  heart,"  at  hia  ton  relatae— I 
know  not,  1  say,  whether  that  volmBC^ 
containing  the  Lovet  of  Theagaaet and 
Chariclea,  wat  alto  contaaed  hy  the 
over-acrupaloot  Jantenitt.  If 
served.  like  the  "  Chrittiaaitai  1 
tutio "  of  Servetna,  timilariy 
demned,  moat  highly  indeed 
it  be  priced.  Were  the  avtogiwpht  of 
this  great  poet  equally  rare  with  thole 
of  Shakspere,  the  latt  of  whieh,  tald 


perfect  mastership,  acquired  under  Kaa- 
kenins  and  other  eminent  profeaaora.  In 
1604  he  published  the  above-mentloacd 
flattering  address,  **  Napoleon!,  prlaio 
Gailorum  Imperatori,  temper  Angaato,** 
(4to),  and  in  1814  '*  Elegla  ad  Mntnm  ia 
Borboniorum  ad  Gallos  reditu."  (8vo.) 
Again,  he  presented  to  Lonis  XVIII.  toaM 
gratulatory  verses—*'  In  festit  baptk* 
malibus  lUgii  Burdigala  Dnoit,'*  and  in 
IB24,  on  the  coronation  of  Charlet  X.  he 
celf  brati'd  the  solemnity  in  lineo  headed 
*'  Carolo  Decimo  Gailorum  Regi  in  Fcatit 
Rhemrnsibus. "  His  muse  was,  hoWcver, 
silent  on  the  accession  of  Lonit  Pbllipne, 
an  event  which  he  did  not  long  outlive,  for 
he  fell  a  victim  to  cholera  in  183S';  bnt  I 
have  no  reason  to  suppose  that  this  ex- 
ception to  his  habitual  adoration  of  the 
rising  sun,  (a  dntv  dictated,  I  have  no 
doubt,  by  the  laudable  desire  of  attraetinff 
the  luminary's  genial  rays  on  his  flock,} 
proceeded  from  opposition,  in  princ^le, 
to  the  object  or  result  of  the  Revolattoa 
of  1630. 


1844.] 


Auto§r9fik§  of  MaUire.^Cyrana  de  Btrgerac, 


251 


lA  1841  Tor  166^  J5«.  (iee  Gent.  Mag. 
for  July  1840,  p.  35,  for  mn  account  of 
it»)  was  recently  b«)Ught,  1  lee,  for 
1451,,  they  would  scarcely  be  less 
▼alued»  for  the  French  are  almost  ai 
ftothutiaaiic  as  oaraelves  of  theie  relici 
of  geoias.  The  late  M,  dt  Soletnne, 
proprietor  of  Cyrano  de  Bergerac'a 
dr&JBA,  Le  Pedant  Joui,''  intrinsically 
not  worth  a  franCp  eatimatea  at  four 
napoleons  each  letter  of  the  magic 
wordsi  ascertained  to  be  the  writing  of 
the  &m  of  comic  poets*  scrawled  in 
the  margin  :  "  Ceei  est  k  moi^Mo- 
U^re."  which,  wheo  it  is  known  that 
nothing  in  the  hand  of  Malifere  beyond 
his  ainaple  name  is  eitaut*  or  at  least 
dtacovered,  can  cause  no  surprise* 
As  a  ientence,  however  ihort,  it  is 
iiQi<|Qe«  while  we  can  trace  probably 
a  doten  of  bis  signatores.  The  oldest 
1  beUeve  is  that  at  his  imbappv 
miiriage  \n  February  1662,  with 
Mademoiselle  Armande  Bfjart,  who, 
it  will  be  observed,  was  always  called 
MadfmoitMlk  Moli^re  not  Madame,  a 
title  then  reserved  for  the  noblesse, 
and  Bay le  similarly,  in  his  correspond- 
CBce,  addrettes  his  mother  ll  Mo t/efnoi- 
ttlk  Bayle.  It  Is  now  assumed  by 
every  respectable  married  woman,  as 
our  etgmre  is  by  every  independent 
Englishman. 

Moliere's  signature  again  appears 
two  years  afterwards,  on  the  23th  of 
February,  1064,  in  the  baptismal 
registry  of  his  firsl-born,  a  son,  and 
both  are  under  his  family  name  of 
Pbauelio,  in  the  church  of  Saint  Ger- 
tnafti  TAasterrois,  so  dismantled  by 
the  po|)ifllar  fury,  under  my  own  In- 
dignant  view,  in  February  1831. 
Louis  XtV.  stood  sponsor  to  the  child,, 
for  which  every  lover  of  genius  must 
feel  grateful  to  that  magnificent  m- 
vereigo*  See  Dissertations  6ur  Mo* 
It^re  par  M.  Beffara,  p.  7  (1321,  8vo0 
The  king's  library  possesses  at  least 
four  receipts  signed  by  blm  for  royal 
grants,  and  likewise  in  discharge  cf 
hla  pensian*  After  his  death  the 
widow  made  over  his  manuscripts,  in- 
cluding a  translation  of  Lucretius, 
a  passage  of  which,  lib*  iv.  v*  1154, 
kc,  he  transferred  to  his  Misanthrope, 
Acte  ii*  BC,  5.  and  hia  books,  to  the 
actor  Legrange,  one  of  her  naramours, 
oo  whoae  decease  the  whole  wot  dta. 
perttd,  and*  by  various  casualties,  has 
■      dliappeared  with    tbt   AboTe«iecit«d 


I 
I 


eiceptions.  Several  of  his  papers 
were  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the 
old  theatre,  "  La  Com^die  Fran^aise," 
until  March  1799*  when  they  fell  a 
prey  to  the  fire  which  destroyed  that 
building,  now  replaced  by  L'Od^on 
(Taschereatii  Vie  de  Moliire,  p.  3/7i 
1829,  8vo0  At  the  admiration  of  hta 
cotiDtrymen  for  Moliire  is  acarcely 
inferior  to  ours  for  Shaksperc,  and  aa 
their  rtip«ctiire  autographs  appear 
the  rarest  among  the  ions  of  genius, 
this  length  of  detail  will,  1  trust,  be 
pardoned. 

M.  de  Soleinne's  dramatic  library^ 
by  fax  the  most  curious  in  France,  hat 
just  now  been  brought  to  sale,  under 
the  auctioneer's  hammer,  at  tht 
ustaal  place  of  sale,  "  La  Salle  8yU 
vestre,  rue  dea  Eons  Enfants,  No.  30, 
It  cost  the  late  proprietor  300,000 
francs,  under  very  favourable  circum- 
stances, during  forty  years  of  acquis 
sition,  or  13,000/.  The  catalogue 
composed  by  M.  Paul  Lacroix,  better 
known  as  "  Le  Bibliophile  Jacob/' 
presents  all  the  theatrical  productions 
of  the  East,  of  Greece,  of  Rome,  and 
necessarily  of  France,  from  the  mys- 
teries of  ancient  date  and  uncultivated 
rouse — all,  it  is  said,  without  exception, 
and  unprecedentedly  numerous^ — ^to 
Haeine — the  earliest  and  best  editiona 
of  the  national  dramas  are  there  to  be 
found  ;  the  former  purchased  at  \eTf 
inferior  prices,  such  as  1  recollect  them 
half  a  century  ago,  have  more  thaa 
decupled  in  value  since  that  time  (see 
also  *'  Vie  de  Moliere  par  M.  Taa- 
chereau,"  page  304).  Bnt  what  en- 
hancement of  price  would  not  the 
monogram,  suppose  of  Raffaelle,  Cor- 
regio,  or  Rembrand,  on  a  newly  found 
painting  produce,  or  a  great  name  dis- 
covered to  the  winding  folds  of  an 
Egyptian  mummy? 

Moliere,  the  contemporary  of  Cy- 
rano  de  Bergerac,  owed  more  th&n 
one  obligation  to  this  wild  but  not 
ungifted  writer.  Amongst  other  bor- 
rowed expressions,  that  of  '*  Qu'allalt- 
il  fairc  dans  cette  galere,'*  of  such 
frequent  use  in  books  and  speech,  ii 
traceable  to  the  Pedant  J oue  of  CyranOt 
and  to  be  found  in  the  **  Fourberie# 
de  Scapin,"  Acte  ii,  sc,  11,  under  « 
most  absurd  fiction,  little  creditable  I 
must  say  to  Moliere's  ingenuity  of  in- 
veotion,  which  extorts  a  large  som 
from  a  father  to  redeem  bia  aon  from 


262 


Rousseau, — Works  of  IrlBh  Caihoiies* 


[Marcb^ 


captivity  on  board  a  Ttnisian  ^alietf, 
which  canosity  had  ioduced  htm  to 
visit,  not,  be  it  obierv<?d,  in  Africa, 
but  in  France  1  Voltaire,  in  his  Mr- 
cromegas,  in  ridicule  of  Maupertuia' 
imputed  attempt  or  ad-nce  to  trans- 
pierce the  earth  to  its  c;ntre,  as  like- 
wise Fontene^e,  in  hia  Piuaralite  dcs 
Mondea.  have  adopted  va-loua  thoughts 
from  Bergerac's  "  Voyage  dans  la 
Lune/'  to  which  Swili  again  is  in- 
debted for  the  idea  of  Gulliver's 
Travels.  It  ia  further  observed  of 
this  eccentric  being  that  he  was  the 
first  to  introduce  a  play  in  prose  on 
the  stage,  as  well  as  the  country  pa/ois 
or  provincial  dialects,  although  long 
before  found  in  Rabelais  and  in  Then* 
dore  d'Aubigne's  **  Satire  Menipi^e." 

M,  de  ta  Tour,  the  owner  of 
the  copy  of  Thomas  k  Kempis^  pre- 
sented in  1765  to  Rousseau  by  hia 
friend  Dupeyron,  would  not  dispose 
of  the  precious  volume,  impressed 
with  the  mark  of  the  genuine  per- 
tmmche  (pervenca),  or  rare  periwinkle 

f»lant,  which  the  philosop  ler  congrata- 
ated  himself  on  discovering  in  the 
Ihicketi  of  Les  Charmc^ttes,  for  ita 
weight  in  gold,  although  the  chance 
acqubition  of  M.  de  JaTour  (a  relation 
of  Madame  de  Warens)  for  75  centimes, 
or  less  than  eightpence.*  Rousseau's 
copy  of  Helvetius's  "  De  TEsprit,"  with 
his  numerous  animadversions,  is  in 
the  hands  of  the  Deburc  family,  of 
typographical   celebrity,   from   whom 


*  On  the  7th  March  of  the  same  year, 
Rouasean  addressed  the  satce  corretpond- 
ent :  **  11  faat  quitter  ce  pays  (Moders 
Travers),  je  le  sens ;  U  est  trop  pr^  de 
Geneve ;  on  ne  m'y  laliaerait  jamsis  en 
repott  U  n'y  a  gnin  qa'ao  pays  Catho* 
Uqoe  qui  me  conTienne.'^  A&d  again  on 
the  6tb  of  April,  when  urged  to  accept 
Utttae's  lavitation  to  En^Und,  which, 
hnmmmt,  for  his  own  and  Hume's  mis- 
iottaam,  he  subsequently  accepted,  he 
wrote  to  Marshd  Keith,  **  Toutes  mes 
raisons  eontre  rAngleterre  subsbtent ;  et 
U  aaffit  qu'U  y  ait  des  miatitret  dans  ce 
payt-U  pour  me  faire  craiadre  d'en  ap- 
proeber/'  Yet  in  June  I7(i^  he  had 
oen  obUged  to  iy  fkrom  Franee ;  bat  he 
fyt  much  Huitr  Vt^nly  tht  psrsettttfon  of 
hi.  'lodcoottlrymeo,  as  was 

nn  L  ,  M  iDooasisteney  he  Laahea 

mith  rfi«i«iku  powers  of  sreument  and 
««#    in  hii  **  Lettres  oo  la  Mon- 


no  treasure*  they  say,  could  purchase 
it.  And,  even  without  these  adven- 
titious enhancemeots  (see  Gent.  Mag. 
for  October  1838,  p.  381),  many  a  book 
might  be  named  of  superior  value  to 
the  precious  raetaL  In  December 
1824  a  diminutive  tome,  which  had 
become  mine  for  sixpence,  produced 
under  the  hammer  of  Mr.  Evans,  in 
the  sale  of  a  email  collection  formed 
by  me,  the  sum  of  twenty  sovereigns, 
more  than  doubte  its  weight  in  gold* 
The  title,  descriptive  of  the  suffering! 
of  Catholics  in  Ireland,  under  the 
iron  sceptre  of  Cromwell,  was  "Thre- 
nodia  Hiberno-Catholica,  seu  Epi- 
tome inaudita  et  traoscendentis  cm- 
del  itatis  quk  Catholici  regoi  Hibcrni* 

opprimuntur  • , sub    archityranno 

Crorawello/'  j^^niponti  (Innspruck), 
1659.  The  purchaser  was  Mr* 
Thorpe  ;  but  it  is  now  in  the  library 
of  the  Right  Hon.  Tbomaa  Grcnville^ 
to  whom  it  cost  27^  and  probably 
forms  an  article  In  the  lately-pub- 
lished   **  Btbliotheca    GrenvilUana/'t 


f  Few  classes  of  books  are  now  more 
scarce  than  the  historical  publications  of 
Iriah  Catholics  In  that  age.  Neglected 
abroad,  where  they  coulJ  cicite  litde  ia- 
tercst,  they  were  itcnJy  forbidden  at 
home.  **  Neque  in  ipsoi  modo  auctores^ 
sed  In  libros  quoque  eorum  sxvirum,** 
&i  Tacitui  (AgricoU,  cap.  2)  relates  of 
the  hateful  rule  of  Domitioji.  Thoise  ob- 
scure volumes,  therefore,  became  nearly 
extinct,  when  impartial  j  istice^  in  the  ap- 
preciation of  events r  at  length  demanded 
an  equal  insight  into  the  representation 
on  both  sides  of  alleged  fncts*  To  satisfy, 
however,  this  fair  desire,  was  no  easy 
matter,  for  the  books  could  with  great 
difficulty  be  found.  The  residtr  on  com- 
parison of  authorities,  altered  the  public 
view  of  many  circumatanccs,  for  English 
writers  had  previously  sildom  deigned  to 
cite  an  original  Irish  atithor.  Humci  I 
beUeve,  never  does,  no  more  than  do  Po- 
lybius  and  Livy  a  Cartiaginian  one  on 
the  Punic  wars,  an  omission  so  deq>ly 
regretted  by  the  students  of  historical 
truth,  which  can  never  thua  be  weighed 
in  a  fair  balance. 

Of  the  loag*endured  persecution  of 
Irish  CaUioUca,  a  portion  of  which  torm§ 
the  subataitce  of  Morrison* f  narrative,  and 
of  the  legislative  Union  destined  in  its  pro- 
mise to  modify  or  terminate  all  Inequality 
on  the  score  of  religion,  an  eloquent  Frendi- 
man,  but  Irish  by  descent  and  attach, 
lotnt,  the  Uto  Laily  Tolkndal,  thua  wiiict ; 


1844,] 


Ireland  and  her  Union* 


dis 


The  reader  on  iVia  occaaioa  will  he 
reminded  of  Br.  Harwood^s  anecdote 
(ReTiew  of  the  Classic**  page  xvii.)  of 
the  poor  Scotch  usher,  »o  geoiroosly 

•»  En  jctttnt  les  ycux  sur  la  cflrte,  il  cat 
bien  difficile  dc  nc  pas  reconnfiitre  que  la 
tmtnre  a  plac^  }es  lies  BritanniqucB  pour 
qu'elles  obeUsent  en  soeurs  aux  Ioijb  pa- 
terneUes  du  m^me  souYeraia ;  mua  la 
mtore  ne  Toulait  pas  que  cette  union  fiit 
Achet^  par  dea  siecles  dc  haine^^  de  pil* 
laget,  de  caraoi^ea,  d'tiue  K^gisladon  plus 
Ofheiue  que  le  vol,  et  plus  feroce  que  lea 
combats/'  This  statement  is  alike  accu- 
rate in  its  physical  aud  moral  view.  Ire* 
land,  bound  bj  the  ilea  of  nature,  daily 
and  tistbly  by  the  improvements  of  aci- 
mee  drawn  in  closer  cohesion,,  has  un- 
happily been  estranged  by  oppression  ; — 

**  La  mala  st^oria,  che  sempre  acora 
Li  popnli  suggesti/* 

as  Dante  (Paradiso^  viii*  73)  truly  ob- 
■erres  in  allusion  to  the  murderous  cry  at 
Palermo,  the  capital  of  Sicily  (his  Bella 
Trinacria),  **  MoaA,  mora/^  during  the 
maaucre  of  the  French,  on  the  Sicilian 
Vespersi  ia  1382^  of  which  be  was  con- 
temporary ; — but  the  misrule  of  man  may 
and  most  yield  to  interest,  to  feeling,  and  to 
justice,  while  it  canuot  be  expected  that  a 
convulsion  of  the  elements  trill  remove  us  to 
ft  distance  of  a  thousand  miles,  as  the  beat 
aecurity  for  our  national  independence  in 
Mr.  OXonncira  expressed  opinion  (See 
Gent.  Mag.  for  Oct€  her  1840,  p,37ti).  My 
sentiments,  both  on  the  evils  of  tliis 
country  and  their  proposed  remedy,  the 
Repeal  of  the  Union,  have  been  more 
than  once  consigned  to  theae  pages ,  and 
have  undergone  no  change. 

While  quite  as  anxious  as  the  boldest 
dedaimer  to  redress,  and  indignant  to 
wltnesa,  a  course  of  wrongs  calculated  to 
provoie  in  nunda  reckleas  of  consequences 
any  impnUe  of  resistance,  my  reason,  still 
unseduced  by  the  Utopian  prospects  of  a 
golden  agBi  which  have  dazzled  and  de- 
luded, as  the  promibcd  fruit  of  Repeal^  the 
mass  of  my  countrymen,  interposes  its 
control,  and  calmly  but  unerringly  pre- 
MiDta  the  mcasdre  to  my  contemplation  as 
tbo  entanguined  parent  of  civil  strife, 
because  utterly  hopeless  of  peaceful  con- 
Cttlion,  while  viewed  in  its  result  as  fatal 
to  the  integrity  of  the  empire.  Unattain- 
able^ in  my  conviction,  by  force  or  free 
will,  it  on  the  other  band  behoves  Great 
Britain  to  arrest  its  pursuit  and  redeem 
her  violated  faith,  by  fulfilling,  cordi^ly 
in  spirit  and  unreservedly  in  accomplish- 
ment as  honour  and  policy  with  concur- 
rent command  impoBe  on  her  as  a  duty, 
the  engagements  coatracted  At  tb«  Vmon. 


re raaoe rated  by  Lord  Oxford,  the 
great  Harleian  coUectori  far  the  first 
edition  of  Cicero's  Offices  (U65)« 
picked  up  by  the  old  pedagogue  for  a 
shilling.  But  the  prices  paid  for 
single  plays,  not  only  of  Shakspere's 


It  ia  in  this  snticipation,  warranted  by 
the  example  of  Scotland,  coneiliated  and 
prosperous  on  a  change  of  system ,  after  a 
similar  period  of  sufferings  subsequent  to 
her  Union,  that  I  still  refrain  from  joining 
in   the   popular  demand  of  Repeal ;    fot 
otherwise  it  would  be  difficult   to  with* 
stand  not  only  the  practical  evils  of  which 
we  have   to  complain,  but  tlie  misrepre- 
sentations which  describe  us  in  the  most 
odious  light  to  foreigners.     Of  a  multi- 
plicity of  proofs  I  shall  adduce  only  two, 
because  of  recent  date,  and  from  a  trust- 
worthy quarter.     Thus  Doctor  Scultena, 
Professor  of  Natural  History  at  Manheim, 
in  A  letter  to  Count  Sternberg,  forming 
the  narrative  of  Botanical  Travels  through 
England,  writes   of  Ireland  in  1830: — 
**  I    have    frequently    inquired    of    the 
English  how  it  happened  that  the  botany 
of  so  large  an  island  was  not  more  known 
to   them  than  that  of  GrOenland  or  lee- 
land  ?   To  which  the  only  reply  I  could  ] 
elicit  was,  **  that  Ireland  ^as  a  countrj  f 
of  barbarians,  and  that  a  traveller  was  1e^  I 
secure  on  her  western  coast  than  amidst  j 
the  most  untutored  aavages.^'     And  stilll 
later  by  ten  years.  Professor  Leo,  of  tbtf  f 
University  of  Bonne^  in  his  **  Manual  of 
Universal  History,^*  grounded  on  English 
reports  as  respects  Ireland,  asserts  that 
her  inhabitants,  whom  he  classes  with  the 
Celtic  race,  "are  only  impelled  by  mere 
brntal  instinct  (thieriachen  triehes.)'*    In* 
deed,  Herr  Leo  is  not  much  more  favour* 
able  in  characterising  other  people,  for  ha 
calh»  the  Freocl.,  as  they  are  partly  de* 
siguated  by  Voltaire,  a  nation  of  monkc 
(affcnwolk)  ;  and  be  dares  affirm  of  Loiuil 
XVI.,  **  that  be  woa  justly  punished  bf^ 
God"    (die  gerechfigkeit  Gottea.)     But, 
even  in  the  last  Edinburgh  Review^  No. 
159»  altbough  the  article  on  Ireland  ob- 
viously  proceeds   from    a   friendly  pen, 
**  the  insecurity  of  person  and  property**^ 
there  is  apparently  allowed  ;  whereas,  not^^ 
withstanding  sooje  deplorable  predial  out 
breaks,  fewer  crimes  of  that  nature  occ 
In  Ireland  than  ii  any  state  of  equal  _ 
palation  in  Europe ;  and,  as  long  a  re- 
sident,  no  unobservant  one  I  may  add,  of 
other  countries,  and  a  magistrate  in  my 
own,  1  may  consider  myself  not  iocom- 
petcnt  to  form  or  express  an  opinion  on 
the  sabject.    It  is  hard,  I  repeat,  to  resist 
theae  wronga   and  misstatements,  which 
too  plainly  account  for  the  exiittng  po- 
pular dissatiflfaction. 


«M! 


Sleep  io  bepn^mred  during  pain. 


[Hiroli, 


but  of  othefR^  trftoacend  &]]  com- 
piriftons  of  thla  kind*  In  the  flala  of 
George  Chalmers's  library  (Qent»  Mag. 
for  December  1841,  p*  637),  Mar!owc*« 
•«  Tragedie  of  Richard  Duke  of  York, 
Ice.  ]&9^/'  fetched  13lJ,  or  nearly 
three  poundfl  weight  in  gold  \  m^uy 
timeabeavter  than  the  pyrchneed  object. 
Aod  should  the  reported  copy  of  Ho- 
!  lioahed's  Cbronicies,  a  work  from 
ivbich  Sbakspere  so  ahundantLy  bor< 
rowed,  with  his  signature  and  anno* 
totiona,  prove  genuine,  which  indeed  is 
not  probable^  it  would  be  difficult  to 
tatimate  its  value.  Gradually,  1  have 
no  doubt  that  many  hidden  treasures 
will  emerge  into  light,  particularly 
from  the  repositories  of  private  cor- 
I  f  espondence,  of  which  an  iastance  is 
f  of  most  recent  occurrence^  in  the  dis- 
I  ^overy  of  Feaelon's  letters  to  the 
Princess  Atberline  de  Salm ;  and  I 
need  hardly  add  how  every  word  ut- 
tered by  the  lips,  or  fallen  from  the 
pan,  of  that  accompliihed  prelate, 
IS,  and  deserves  to  be,  appreciated. 
His  origtna!  manuscript  of  Telema> 
chus,  partly  dictated  and  partly  in  his 
I  own  hand,  scarcely  exhibits  a  correc- 
[  ^OQ  o<'  ^^  necessity  of  one. 

The  Royal  Library  of  Paris,  in  this 
a  in  all  other  departments  of  literary 
[  itsearch,  t«  by  t^t  the  richest  in  the 
rorld.     M*  Van  Praet,  who  superin- 
tended it  for  so  taaoy  years,  waa  al* 
ways  happy,  1  observed,  to  display  to 
our  countrymen  the  autographs  of  our 
luceesiive    eovtreigns.       To    present 
Anything  like  an  approximate  view  of 
I  Its  treasures  would  embrace  do  small 
[tolume,  and  I  shall  therefore  only  add 
Ifbat    the    learned    xNf.    Couiin,    late 
JMir^i^^r  of  Public   Instruction,  has, 
I  within     the    past     half-year,    fouo4 
Dong  the  manuscripts  of  Pascal  eri- 
iQce  he  aeeiDs  exultingly  to  adduce, 
'Diat  the  melancholy  ascetic  bad  in  his 
early  manhood  yielded  to  all  the  se- 
ductions, not  indeed  of  dissipated,  but 
faahiooable    life,  aa  example    of 
ange  hf  no  means   surely  of  such 
*  event  In  the  vicissitudes  of  human 
eiiogi.  Yours,  Itc.     J,  R. 

^  7>>  6e  eonfmvid.) 


am  Iba  A 


quatntance  I  have  with  the  work,)  I 
suspect  that  whatever  of  truth  there 
may  be  in  the  Doctor's  theory  la 
much  morelucidly,though  more  hriedy, 
unfolded  by  Coleridge,  in  an  apparently 
forgotten  communication  of  his  to 
Blackwood's  Magazine  for  October, 
1321.  The  circumstantial  quackery 
of  the  theory  is  the  Doctor's  own. 
The  following  extract  appears  to 
contain  the  philosophic  principle. 

*'  By  a  law  commou  to  all  animal  life 
we  are  incapable  of  attending  for  any 
contjauancc  to  an  object,  the  parts  of 
which  are  indistinguishable  from  cseh 
other,  or  to  a  series^  where  the  sucoesaive 
links  are  only  numerically  differeatt  Nay, 
the  more  broken  and  irriuting  (as  for 
ID  stance,  th%fraeHou$  noise  of  the  dashing 
of  a  lake  on  its  border,  compared  with  the 
swell  of  the  sea  on  a  calm  evening),  the 
more  quickly  does  it  axhaoet  our  power 
of  noticing  it.  The  toothache,  where  the 
suffering  is  not  extreme,  often  finds  its 
speediest  cure  in  the  silent  pillow,  and 
ffraJuaiijf  destroy*  our  alteniion  to  ii» 
telf  by  prtv^nting  ut/rom  attetuUng  h 
anything  eiit*  Prom  the  same  cause, 
many  u  lonely  patient  listens  to  his  moons, 
till  he  forgets  the  pain  that  occasioned 
them.  The  attention  attenuates  ai  ita 
sphere  contracts  -,  but  this  it  does  even 
to  a  point,  where  the  person's  own  state  of 
feeling,  or  any  particular  set  of  bodily 
sensatioQS,  are  the  direct  object.  Th^ 
slender  thread  winding  in  narrowor  and 
narrower  circles,  round  its  source  and 
centre,  ends  at  length  in  a  chrysalis,  or 
dormitorj,  within  which  the  spinner  an* 
dresses  himself  in  his  sleep,  sooii  to  coipe 
forth  quite  a  nww  ermim^,** 

The  above  passage,  long  beftin  I 
heard  of  the  lupposed  discovery  of 
Dr.  Binns,  suggested  to  me  a  practice, 
not  unlike  the  one  so  pomDouik 
enunciated  in  his  book,  by  which  i 
have  obtaiued  sleep  when  tabouriag 
under  a  headache,  for  which  the  sole 
remedy  was  a  night's  rest.  Instead 
of  trying  to  divert  the  thoughts  from 
the  p'iin,  let  the  patient  steadily  direct 
his  attention  to  it.  Let  him  wateh 
every  throb  on  his  temples,  aa  each 
begins,  rises  to  a  height,  and  gradu- 
ally diffuses  itself  through  the  nerve, 
only  to  be  succeeded  by  another ;  and 
io  a  short  time  he  a  ill  sink  first  into 
drowsiness,  then  into  repose,  and  from 
e   of  uoconsciousneaa   he    will 


Coleridge   eipreasea    it^  a 


4 


4 


1844.] 


265 


I 


CHURCH  TOWERS  AND  SPIRES. 

**  K  towefi  to  be  complete,  alio  aid  be  tt^rmiaated  by  &  ipire  ;  every  tower,  during  the 
finett  periods  of  pointed  architecture  cither  wiu,  or  was  iateoded  to  be,  ao  Aotahed:  a 
•plre  !§  in  fact  an  oroamental  covering  (o  a  tower ;  a  flat  roof  ia  coutrary  to  efery 
principle  of  the  ityle^  and  it  was  not  till  the  decline  of  the  art  that  they  were  adopted.'* 
Duki$n  HeHeuff  vol.  x.  317* 


Mb.  UrbaNi  Walworth,  Jm,  1, 
I  HAVE  placed  the  above  extract  at 
the  head  of  my  letter  that,  so  far  as  the 
merits  of  Mr.  Pugin  are  concerned 
in  what  follows,  misrepresentation 
nay  be  avoided  by  the  quotation  of 
the  very  words  of  the  canon,  assumed 
to  be  promalgated  by  him,  and  which 
appears  to  have  aroused  a  spirit  of 
controversy  in  the  Oxford  Architect* 
ural  Society,  a  apiritto  be  regretted,  aa 
in  that,  as  well  as  some  other  pro- 
ceedings which  have  taken  place  in 
that  umveraity  of  late,  questionR  of  art 
and  other  subjects  appear  to  have  been 
swayed  by  a  narrow  prejudice.  That 
the  accidental  circumstance  of  Mr. 
Pugii/s  religion  being  different  to  that 
of  the  Established  Church  should  in 
the  present  state  of  feeling?  in  the 
church  and  univergity  cause  him  to 
be  rejected  as  an  architect,  is  a  subject 
of  regret  rather  than  surprise.  Every 
admirer  of  the  Rne  arts  for  their  in- 
trinsic merits  alooc  will  deprecate 
the  narrow  spirit  which  led  to  this 
unworthy  rejection,  and  the  more  so 
when  he  cannot  fail  to  recollect  that 
the  greatest  of  our  architecta,  Inigo 
Jones,  w^  employed  by  the  court  and 
churchmen  w^ithout  objection  to  his 
religion,  and  that  even  Laud  (and 
prejudice  against  the  professors  of  the 
ancient  faith  was  a  failing  of  the 
martyred  archbishop/)  employed  Ca- 
tholic sculptors  to  execute  his  statues, 
as  well  as  a  Catholic  architect  to  de- 
al go  his  buildings;  and,  moreover,  that 
10  the  other  university  in  more  modern 
limes  Rickman  was  largely  employed 
without  objection  to  hia  noncon- 
formity. Considering  all  this,  he  will 
be  apt  to  conclude  that  any  contro- 
versy even  upon  so  harmless  a  subject 
aa  the  architecture  of  spires  and  towers 
which  has  emanated  from  a  society  in 
Oxford,  will  Dot  fail  to  be  tinged  with 
the  hue  of  intolerance. 

Now,  before  the  publication  of  the 
article  in  the  Dublin  Review  above 
referred  to,  a    aimilar   question  had 

GiNT*  Mao.  Vol,  XXI; 


arisen  in  the  Cambridge  Camden 
Society ;  and  here  I  must  pause  to 
say,  thai  this  institution  has  from 
its  commencement  fairly  and  dispas- 
fiionately  bought  for  truth,  rather 
than  the  establishment  or  overthrow 
of  any  theory,  and  on  this  account 
the  results  of  its  deliberations  are  to 
be  regarded  with  the  greater  attention. 
The  question  of  the  finhh  of  church 
towers  had  arisen  in  this  society, 
on  its  superintending  the  restoration 
of  Old  Shoreham  Church,  when 
the  point  under  consideration  was, 
whether  the  tower,  then  and  still  co* 
vered  with  a  low  pyramidal  roof, 
should  retain  that  covering,  or  be 
finished  with  a  pnrapet.  plain  or  em- 
battled. A  paper  is  printed  in  the 
Transactions  of  ihe  Society,  Part  11, 
to  which  1  might  refer,  aa  containing 
nearly  all  that  can  be  said  on  this 
subject;  hut,  as  the  question  has  been 
brougtit  before  the  notice  ofyour  read- 
ers in  a  review  of  the  proceeding*  of 
the  Oxford  Society,  I  am  induced  to 
trespass  on  your  pages  with  some 
further  observatiuos  on  the  same 
subject. 

In  the  paper  referred  to  it  was  at- 
tempted to  be  shown  that  the  spire, 
in  whatever  form,  and  to  whatever 
height  it  might  arise,  from  the  taste 
or  munificence  of  the  builder,  waa 
adopted  as  well  from  the  necessity  of 
a  roof  or  covering  to  the  tower,  as 
an  architectural  finish  to  the  elevation. 
1  feel  some  degree  of  satisfaction  when 
I  iind  an  architect  possessing  so  pro- 
found a  knowledge  of  Catholic  archi* 
tecture  as  Mr.  Pugin.  take  a  simUar 
view  of  the  subject,  and  I  rejoice  to 
see  that  the  moat  extended  view  of  the 
subject  cotifirraa  the  theory,  1  have 
little  doubt  that  a  close  examination 
even  of  perpendicular  towers  will  lead 
to  the  result  that  a  raised  roof.  t\  e.  a 
spire,  is  the  appropriate  finish,  and  that 
a  platform,  if  found  of  coeval  date  with 
the  tower,  constitutee  the  eiception 
and  not  the  rule* 

3M 


266 


Church  Towefs  and  Spires. 


[UuA^ 


It  will  be  conceded  llial  every  per- 
ffCt  architectural  btructcre,  whatever 
may  be  the  stylo,  rou^t  possess  an  har- 
monious and  appropriate  finish  to  the 
elevation,  such  as  to  leave  no  doubt 
that  the  architect's  design  had   been 
completed.     If  four  walls  on  a  square 
plau  were  carried  up  to  a  great  eleva- 
tion, and  then  abruptly  terminated  in 
a  horizontal  line,  the  structuic  would 
be  far  from  satisfactory  to  the  eye, 
nor  would  it  appear  to  be  6nished  ;  a 
iquarc  tower  erected  to  any  height  is 
no  more  perfect  than  when  the  first 
half  dozen  courses  were  laid  ;  whether 
it  is  stunted  like  many  of  our  church 
towers,  or  raised  to  the  elevation  of 
the  Assinelli,  it  cannot  be  called  com- 
plete until  the  elevation  is  terminated 
by  something  that  fhall  appear  to  be 
a  natural  conclusion  to  the  elevation, 
and  show  that  the  design  had  been 
|ierfrrtrd.     Now,  as   the  walls   of  a 
towrr  more   or  less  incline  inwards, 
ihry  would,  if  continued  upward,    in 
the  end   unite   and  naturally  form  a 
p€iinted  termination.   The  architecture 
of   Kgypt  wan   essintiallv  pvramidal, 
and  an  (ibeliAk,  from  the  inclination 
of  its  Hides,  would  hu\r  risen  into  a 
i»vramid   if  carried    iiufficientlv  high. 
The  architect  of  the  Kgyptian 'obelisk 
was  rompi'Uod  from  the  hi/.e  of  the  stone 
(for  the  olielinks  wi-re  monolith>  to  ter- 
minate the  debign  before  it  had  arrived 
tu  this  com-lu^ion  ;  he  therefore  com- 
posed  a   lininh    by    cuuhing   n   small 
l>urtiun  of  tach  bide  of  the  uppir  part 
uf  his  btructure  to  incline  to  a  gifater 
degree,  and  form  a  smaller  pyramid  on 
the  tup  of  his  design  ;  if  he  had  not 
done  this  he  mu!«t  have  truncated  the 
subject,  which  would  ineviiaMy  have 
made  it  unsightly. 

Now,  instead  of  the  obelisk,  let  us 
view  in  the  same  light  an  Knglish 
church  tower  which  has  no  spire.  The 
elevation  will  be  found  tu  \w  composed 
of  several  stages,  the  upper  one  (and 
this  will  apply  to  a  great  number  of 
examples)  is  tne  work  of  an  age  long 
posterior  to  the  lower  stages ;  to  this 
a  sort  of  finish  in  the  shape  of  battle- 
ments  is  added  at  a  later  period,  yet 
still  the  tower  might  receive  the  ad- 
dition of  another  story,  and  still  would 
not  appear  a  more  complete  design 
than  if  it  had  terminated  with  the 
ivork  of  the  first  architect.  However 
lofty  the  tower  might  be  in  itself,  it 


would  appear  to  be  trQncmtcd,  and  to 
require  a  further  addition,  as  must  have 
struck    every   one    who    has   viewed 
Lavenham    and  some  other    SoffoLk 
towers ;  but  when  the  tower  is  finishad 
with  a  roof  or  covering  of  a  pyramidal 
form,  whether  low.  as  in  Old  Shore- 
ham  and  the  old  Norman  towers,  or 
raised  up  into  a  loity  spire  as  the  an- 
cient steeple  of  Rochester  cathedral,  and 
in  a  vast  number  of  country  charches, 
the  eye  is  satisfied,  the  architect  has 
evidently  completed  his  design,  and  it 
is  evident  that  nothing  further  was 
contemplated  or  is  required ;   a  na- 
tural and  easy  termination   is  made 
to  the  structure,  and  at  the  same  tiose 
one  that  as  a  roof  possesses  the  merit 
of  utility.     Old   Shoreham   tower  is 
evidently  a  complete  design :  the  ball's- 
eye  windows  below  the  eaves  of  the 
roof  are  necessary  to  admit  light  into 
the  interior;  they  would  have  been  out 
of  place  if  the  elevation  of  the  square 
tower  had   been  designed  to  he  in- 
creased ;  true,  a  lofty  spire  might  have 
been  raised  on  this  tower  in  lieu  of  the 
present    covering,    but   a   battlement 
would  manifestly  have  been  injurioos. 
Broadwater  church, in  the  samecountf. 
originally  had  a  similar  covering ;  thu 
has  been  removed,  and  a  batUement 
added,  giving  a  most  clumsy  appear- 
ance to  the  structure,  and  destroying 
roost  effectually  the  pyramidal  pria- 
ciple  on  which  every  cruciform  church 
is  designed. 

A  review  of  spires  in  this  country 
will  show  that  the  double  object  of  a 
tinibh  to  the  elevation,  and  a  covering 
to  the  structure,  was  the  aim  of  the 
architict.    The  oldest  spire  I  know  in 
this  country  is  that  of  Sompting,  Sus- 
sex, where  the  uprights  of  the  four 
walls  of  the  tower  take  the  form  of 
gables,  producing  eight  points,  from 
which  rises   a  low  octagon  spire  of 
stone.     This  example    is,    1   belirre. 
unique     in    England,    and,    differing 
as  it  does  in  form  from  every  early 
spire,  it  exhibits  the  same  intention— 
an  harmonious  termination  and  a  roof. 
Pursuing  the  investigation   to  spires 
of  a  more  usual  form,  and  of  more  re- 
cent date,  it  will  still  be  seen  that  in 
all  oges  of   their    construction,   and 
whether  of  stone  or  timber,  and  how- 
ever elevated,  the  original  intention  and 
real  use  of  the  structure  was  never 
lost  sight  of.  although  in  later  ex- 


ISf't] 


church  Towers  and  Spires, 


267 


I 


I 
I 


amplea  the  first  idea  was  rendered 
If  as  apparent  in  consequence  of  the 
UDion  of  the  spire  with  the  tower  bting 
masked  by  a  batUeroeot,  an  uneqiii- 
vocai  symptom  of  incipient  decay  in 
taatr.  The  original  spire  was  a  low 
pyramid  ;  the  first  improvement  on 
this  was  the  raiding  upon  it  an  oc* 
tagon  pinnacle,  not  lofty  in  itself, 
mod  whose  base  was  lees  than  the 
square  roof;  from  this  arrangement 
arose  the  hipped  spire,  which  covers 
a  great  majority  of  oar  church 
towers,  and  which  originally  was 
the  finish  of  a  greater  number;  it 
11  very  common  in  Kent,  and  was  seen 
in  the  most  improved  state  on  the 
ancient  spire  of  Rochester  cathedral. 
Of  its  lowest  for  mi  MicklehaTii  tower, 
Surrey^  is  a  specimen.  Although  the 
exaniples  to  which  I  have  referred  are 
built  of  timb€r  and  covered  with 
Jiliingles  or  lead,  the  same  form  was 
coDBlructed  in  stone,  as  in  several 
Lincoln  spires,  and  a  fine  modern 
specimen  is  to  be  seen  in  the  New 
Camber  well  Church,  where  a  very 
lofty  and  slender  spire  still  retains 
the  type  of  the  early  form  to  which  1 
have  referred,*  True  it  is,  that  spires 
of  the  decorative  period,  in  consequence 
of  the  base  being  encompassed  by  a 
parapet  or  even  a  battlement,  seem  to 
the  eye  to  have  lost  the  original  type 
of  a  roof;  but  a  close  examination  of 
the  structure  will  always  show  that  in 
fact  the  same  prtnclple  of  design  pre- 
Yailcd  to  the  last,  and  that,  although 
for  the  sake  of  making  a  passage 
around  the  base  of  a  spire,  a  parapet 
was  constructed,  it  forms  no  essential 
part  of  the  design,  and  only  ma^ks 
(and  that  not  intentioiially)  the  actual 
cotistfQCtion  of  the  spirel  There  are 
many  spires  in  this  country  con- 
structed after  ^he  decorative  period 
of  English  architecture  had  ceased ; 
Louth  is  a  late  example,  and  many 
of  the  smaller  timber  spires  of  our 
country  churches  may  be  of  a  still 
later  period.  It  is  true  that  the  spire, 
taken  in  Its  common  apptication,  dc- 


f  *  I  regret  having  somewhat  hastily 
stated  In  a  recent  communicatioa  that 
the  tower  was  not  to  have  a  spire.  I  am 
plei^d  to  correct  this  by  saying  that  the 
good  taste  of  the  parishioners  led  to  the 
adoption  of  the  spire,  and  so  completed 

H    It  cbojrcb  of  wtiich  Surrey  may  be  proud. 


clined  after  the  decorative  period  ;  the 
lofty  stone  spires  of  that  age,  from 
their  expense,  could  be  only  erected 
where  liberal  benefactors  arose;  in 
the  vast  majority  of  country  churches, 
the  expense  of  such  a  termination  to 
the  church  lower  forbade  its  erection^ 
but  the  idea  of  a  spire  was  never  for- 
gotten altogether,  although  it  rapidly 
declined  from  its  high  altitude,  and  as 
the  builders  were  unable  to  cover  the 
entire  area  of  the  tower  with  a  spire, 
it  was  retained  as  a  mere  ornament,  as 
in  Watford,  St.  Alban's  (most  need- 
lessly destroyed),  and  numerous  Hert- 
fordiahirc  churches.  In  many  churches 
m  Suffolk  and  Essex  it  became  a  mere 
pinnacle,  as  at  Sudbury  and  Doxford ; 
and  in  some  instances  a  small  spire  was 
placed  on  the  staircase  turret  at  the 
angle  of  the  tower,  as  was  formerly 
to  be  seen  at  Cobham,  Kent.  It 
always  lingered  about  every  design^ 
until  at  length,  when  church  archi- 
tecture verged  to  decay  in  the  Tudor 
age,  it  sank  down  to  its  primitive 
form,  the  low  pitched  roof  of  the 
Norman  tower,  and  rendered  less 
striking  from  its  being  surrounded 
by  a  parapet;  but  the  point  of  the 
shingled  or  tiled  rootV  generally  sur- 
mounted by  a  weather -staff,  may  be 
seen  peeping  over  the  battlements  in 
many  churches  in  Kent  and  elsewhere. 
At  Waltham  Abbey,  built  since  the 
dissolution,  the  apex  of  such  a  roof 
bears  a  cross.  Thus,  architecture  in 
its  old  age  returned  to  the  same  form 
(the  square  tower  and  low- pointed 
roof)  which  had  marked  its  infancy. 
But  it  never  lost  sight  of  this  pri- 
mitive feature— the  tower  with  its 
pyramid — plainly  showing  that  the 
architect  would  have  raised  the  roof 
to  the  altitude  and  dignity  of  a  spire 
if  his  funds  would  have  pennitted. 

This  then  is  the  history  of  the  spire: 
iirat,  it  was  the  low  roof  of  a  square  or 
round  tower;  then,  a  lofty  pyramidal 
roof  of  stone;  afterwards,  the  same  roof 
improved  by  the  taste  and  liberality  of 
the  fourteenth  century  (the  most  mag- 
nificent in  church  decoration  of  all  the 
ages  of  faith,)  until  it  arrived  at  that 
state  of  perfection  beyond  which  it 
could  proceed  no  further.  It  then 
rapid  I V  declined  to  its  former  homblQ 
elevation  and  mere  utility. 

It  may  be  objected  that  there  are 
undottbtediy    many    Btjuare     towers 


Church  Ttmeri  and  Sphti* 


[March^ 


throughout  the  country  of  early  date 
which  are  terminated  by  parapets. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  entertained  by 
any  one  riewing  these  towers,  that  they 
are  unfinished  and  incomplete.  The 
most  unpractised  eye  cannot  fail  of 
being  struck  with  their  want  of  an 
appropriate  termination.  From  the 
examples  which  remain  of  such 
towers  still  possessing  their  ancient 
superstructure^  and  from  the  certain 
knowledge  that  a  vast  number  which 
are  now  seen  without  spires  once 
possessed  them,  it  may  be  fairly 
concluded  that  those  which  are  des- 
titute of  such  a  termination,  either 
once  had  it,  or  have  been  left  un- 
finished by  the  architect.  Winchester 
cathedral  has  a  low  square  tower ;  is 
it  not  the  opinion  of  several  archi- 
tectural critics  that  it  is  unfinished  ? 
Romsey  and  St.  Cross  are  manifestly 
ID  the  same  situation;  the  original 
architects  of  those  churches  left  the 
spire  to  be  added  at  a  fViturc  time. 
St.  Magnus's  cathedral,  in  the  Ork- 
neys, possesses  its  pyramidal  roof; 
and  Chichester,  which,  as  left  by 
the  Norman  builder,  would  have 
appeared  like  Winchester,  received 
in  the  succeeding;  century  a  lof^y  and 
beautiful  spire.  Peterborough  has  the 
low  Norman  central  tower ;  but  your 
architectural  readers  will  not  fail  to 
remember  the  beautiful  design  of  John 
Carter*  for  the  completion  of  this  truly 
magnificent  abbey,  which,  if  it  had  been 
finished  as  that  (iesign  proved  it  ought 
to  have  been,  would  in  itself  have  pos- 
sessed the  finest  group  of  spires  per- 
haps in  the  world.  No  one  who  has 
seen  Wells  cathedral  would  imagine 
that  its  towers  were  finished  struc- 
tures ;  but  if  he  turns  to  Lichfield,  all 
doubt,  if  ever  he  possessed  any,  of 
what  the  termination  of  the  towers  of 
the  former  cathedral  were  intended  to 
be,  will  have  vanished.  Westminster, 
again,  has  a  very  unfinished  look,  in 
consequence  of  the  low  tower  which 
some  modern  architect  has  added  to 
the  roof;  the  original  architect  did 
not  intend  that  his  church  should  have 
a  spire,  so  he  built  no  tower — a  tower 
without  a  spire  never  entered  into  the 
Ideas  of  an  ancient  architect. 

I  have  little  doubt  that  not  only 
ancient  church  towers,  but  even  those 


appertaining  to  secular  structures,  were 
finished  with  the  same  appropriate  co- 
vering. Judging  from  ancient  MS. 
illuminations,  and  some  actual  spe- 
cimens on  the  continent,  there  is  little 
doubt  that  the  gates  of  York,  and  the 
Norman  towers  of  Bristol  and  Bury, 
had  similar  terminations,  and  that 
what  appear  like  embrasures  in  the 
latter  design  were  channels  to  throw 
oflfthe  rain. 

It  is  remarkable  that  the  idea  of 
incompleteness  is  popularly  expressed 
in  Lincolnshire  by  the  term  "  stump" 
applied  to  the  highest  tower  in  England; 
but  when  a  lofty  tower  without  a  spire 
is  viewed  from  a  distance,  the  term  will 
be  considered  appropriate,  not  as  ex- 
pressing the  lowness  of  the  structure, 
but  its  apparent  want  of  completeness. 

But  as  this  letter  has  been  extended 
to  a  great  length,  I  will  shortly  allude 
to  a  class  of  towers  which  once  pos- 
sessed spires  but  have  none  at  present ; 
and  here  I  ask  your  readers  to  search 
themselves  for  evidence  of  the  po- 
sition now  contended  for,  in  the  great 
number  of  towers  which  are  now  to  be 
seen  finished  with  battlements  and  lead 
fiats,  and  to  inquire  how  many  of  these 
towers  once  possessed  their  appropriate 
finish.  Durham,  Lincoln,  Ely,  and 
Carlisle  cathedrals  are  now  without 
spires;  all  of  them  once  possessed 
such  a  finish  or  were  designed  to 
receive  them.  Bodmin  in  Corn- 
wall, Trumpington  in  Cambridgeshire, 
Stone  in  Kent,  and  Bletchingley  in 
Surrey,  show  but  little  indications 
of  their  former  lofty  spires ;  yet,  spite 
of  their  present  appearance,  it  is  un- 
doubtedly true  that  they  originally  were 
thus  appropriately  finished.  Meopham 
church,  Kent,  a  few  years  since,  had 
the  base  of  a  spire  on  the  tower  ;*  to 
see  it  now,  with  its  battlement  and 
parapet,  might  lead  many  to  imagine 
it  never  had  any  other  finish:  and 
Caraberwell  new  church,  not  a  twelve- 
month since,  might  by  mischance  have 
been  completed  with  a  square  tower, 
and  if  the  liberality  of  the  parish  had 
not  allowed  Mr.  Scott  to  have  com- 
pleted his  design,  some  future  Oxford 
Society  would  have  contended  that  hia 
church  was  never  designed  to  receive 
a  spire,  and  that  it  was  quite  perfect 
without  one.     I  ask  your  antiquarian 


*  0«it  Mt§,hMMMxw,  iLAwtlflp.  •^lewia  Gent  Miff.  voLi.zzxz.p.518* 


1844.] 


Relrospectke  RevietD, — Salt  upon  Salt, 


readers  to  review  and  examme  every 
tower  which  haa  no  spire,  and  when 
he  sees  in  how  many  cases  auch  a 
finish  has  been  removed,  and  in  ad- 
d it  too  sees  that  many  churches  once 
possessed  spires*  of  which  the  pre* 
aent  state  of  the  towers  give  no  in- 
dication^ 1  think  he  wtU  not  fail  to 
Arrive  at  the  conclusion  that  every 


church  tower  waa  originally  built  to 
he  terminated  by  a  spire  of  some  sort 
or  other. 

Yours,  &c. 

E.  I.  C. 

P.S.    In   my  next   I   hope   to   say 

something  upon  ChaoceJs,  io  addition 

to    the   remarks   recently   printed    in 

your  pages* 


to 


RETROSPECTIVE  REVIEW: 


Salt  npon  Salt ;  made  out  of  etrtain  infftniofts  vvntn  upon  f  Ae  htf  Storm,  and  the 
death  of  hi*  Hitfhness  ensuinfft  hv  whith  contemplative  object  occasion  iff  taken  to 
ojfer  to  cifnsideratiQn  the  probabw  near  approach  of  greater  Storms,  and  wore 
tad  CoHMequences,     By  George  Withera,  Esq.  1659#  l2nio* 

IT  is  not  our  intention  to  enter  on  the  general  subject  either  of  the  life  or 
writings  of  Withers,  but  merely  to  introduce  to  the  notice  of  our  readers  one 
of  his  poems,  which  is  exceedingly  rare,  and  which  is  connected  with  the 
history  of  the  times  when  it  was  written,*  As  a  politician  we  are  told 
Withers  was  weak  and  inconsistent.  In  hts  youth  he  was  the  admirer  of  the 
monarchy,  and  if  he  forsook  tbe  court  of  royalty  he  did  not  long  remain  with 
the  Parliament  ;  if  he  became  the  eulogist  of  Cromwell  he  at  the  same  time 
spoke  boldly  to  him  of  his  errors.  The  man  who  could  indignaotly  return  to 
the  Protector,  when  in  the  zenith  of  his  power,  the  key  of  hia  private  closet  at 
Whitehall,  given  as  a  mark  of  peculiar  favour,  was  no  common  individual. 
The  Protector  honoured  him  with  fret|uent  invitations  to  his  table  ;  but  Withers 
subsequently  forfeited  his  favour^  In  the  extracts  from  his  *'  Salt  upon  Salt/' 
which  we  have  made,  the  reader  will  see  the  ridicule  and  contempt  which  the 
poet  casts  upon  the  verses  written  on  Cromwell's  death,  and  he  will  recollect 
that  Dryden  composed  "  Heroic  Stanzas  on  the  death  of  Oliver  Cromwell, 
written  after  his  funeral,"  which  were  published  in  IG69,  and  were  subsequently 
joined  to  those  of  Waller  and  Sprat. t  The  first  eriitton  in  1559,  4to.  is  ex- 
tremely rare.  Many  years  after,  one  of  Dryden *«  enemies  reprinted  this 
elegy  with  the  hope  of  making  him  appear  an  apostate;  the  title  being,  An 
Elegy  on  the  usurper  Oliver  Cromwell,  by  the  author  of  Absalom  and 
AchitopheL  (See  Life  of  Dryden  in  Aid.  Ed.  p.  viii )  It  is  singular,  says  Sir 
W.  ScoU,  that  of  those  distinguished  poets  who  solemnized  by  elegy  the  death 
of  the  Protector,  Dryden  and  Waller  should  have  hailed  the  restoration  of  the 


^^oi  ine  f 


I 


^  We  safely  recomniend  tbe  life  of  Withert  in  a  very  iuierestiDg  and  well- 
writtcu  Tolome  <'alle^  tbe  Lives  of  tbe  Sacred  Poets,  by  R.  A.  Wilmot,  Esq.  (voL  I. 
p.  61 — IW'i?,)  and,  hoping  that  another  edition  will  be  called  for,  we  beg  to  direct 
tbe  author's  Bltention  to  what  we  consider  a  very  slifbt  error  be  has  made  in  Altering 
a  poiaage  in  a  poem  by  B.  Barnes,  p.  17,  where  it  is  printed, 

**  Sending  their  iocks  and  caMing  unto  plains/' 

Tbe  author  says,  ^'The  word  in  the  original  it  ^  sending ^^  but  it  seemed  to  me  au 
error  of  the  press/'  and  be  inserts  "^  leading.*^  Uow  came  he  oot  to  Bo#  thiit  (ha 
proper  and  original  word  was  "  tending  ?*^ 

t  The  beit  itania  in  this  poem  of  Dryden^ b  is  tbe  following  : 

His  grandeur  be  derived  from  heaven  atoDe* 

For  be  wa6  great  ere  Fortune  made  hitn  so, 
And  wars,  like  mist«  that  rise  against  tbe  BuUf 

Made  him  but  greater  leem,  not  greater  groir* 


270  Reirotpeciwe  Review.  [Ibreli, 

Stuart  line,  and  Sprat  have  favoured  their  most  arbitrary  aggreaaions  vpon 
liberty.  Whether  Withers  alludes  at  all  to  Dryden'a  poem,  or  to  Sprat's, 
wc  do  not  know  ;  an  examination  of  the  poems  printed  on  Crom wall's  death 
would  doubtless  show  to  whom  the  expressions  he  has  justly  ridiculed  are  to 
be  attributed.  In  one  stanza  Dryden  has  alluded  to  the  atonn,  and  to  the 
stranded  whale. 

Bat  first  the  ocean  as  a  tribute  sent 

The  giant  prince  of  all  her  watery  herd ; 
And  tho  isle  when  her  protectinf  genius  went, 

U|to.i  his  obseqnies  loud  sighs  conferred. 

We  must  resign ;  heaven  his  great  soul  doth  claim, 

In  stoims  as  loud  as  his  immortal  fame, 

His  dying  groans,  his  last  breath  shakes  oar  isle. 

And  trees  ftncut  fall  for  his  funeral  pile 

About  his  palace,  their  broad  roots  are  tost 

Into  tl  e  air  ;  so  Romulus  was  lost. 

So  ne?'  Rome  in  a  tempest  mist  her  king, 

And  fiom  obeying  fell  a  worshipping. 

On  .£ui*s  top  there  Hercules  lay  dead, 

With  ruined  oaks  and  pines  about  him  spread, 

These  his  last  furie  from  the  mountain  rent ; 

Our  dying  hero  from  the  continent 

Ravished  whole  towns,  and  forts  from  Spaniards  reft, 

As  his  last  legacy  to  Britain  left. 

The  ocean,  which  oar  ho||>es  had  long  coafined. 

Could  ^ve  no  limits  to  his  vaster  mind, 

Our  !K)unds  enlargement  was  his  Litest  toil. 

Nor  hath  he  left  us  prisoners  to  this  isle ; 

Under  the  tropic  is  our  language  spoke. 

And  pert  qfFlandert  hath  recfired  our  yoki.* 

The  Poet  then  makes  a  few  personal  observations,  as 

I  am  t  )0  low  a  mark  for  supreme  powers. 
Too  hi;h  to  dread  an  equal  when  he  lowers. 

and  mentions  the  poetical  effusions  of  his  contemporaries  with  contempt — 

For,  having  viewed  most  paper  monuments, 

Wlier*  hy  the  fancy  of  this  age  presents 

His  fuiiiti  to  memorie,  1  find  their  rimes 

Are  A<  (iistrnctcd,  as  if  with  these  times 

Their  authors  sympathized  in  their  wit, 

And  knew  not  what  they  me;iQt,  nor  what  they  writ, 

KIhc  duubtlcsse  none  had  failed  so  in  expresbing 

His  purpose,  ns  to  curse  instead  of  blessing. 

As  he,  whose  poem  elegiiieal 

Is  cloied  up  with  the  name  Jerubbaal. 

Some  10  maliciously  invectives  write 

As  if  thiir  penN  in  juice  of  aconite 

Were  lipt,  or  rather  in  more  venomM  matter, 

S<)  opiKikite  to  that  which  they  who  flatter 

Hide  underneath  their  tongues,  that,  in  the  stead 

Of  showing  hatred  only  to  the  dead. 


This  couplet. 


Under  the  tropic  is  our  language  spoke. 
And  part  of  Flanders  hath  received  our  yoke, 


is  given  in  Martinus  Scriblerus  in  the  chapter  on  battles,  as  an  instance  of  the  figure 
"  anticlimax,"  but  attributed  to  Waller  instead  of  Withert.  See  Warton's  Pope,  vol* 
VL  p.  229, 


1844.]  ,Wither8*8  Salt  uponSaU.  271 

They  living  men  can  poison  through  the  ear. 
When  their  uncharitable  charms  ^ey  hear ; 
For  these  have  not  alone  in  scurrile  verse 
Blur*d  him  with  what  their  malice  could  aspersCi 
True  or  untrue ;  but  also  take  God's  roome, 
Dare  to  pronounce  his  everlasting  doome, 
And  wickedly  with  damned  souls  in  hell 
As  others  do  with  saints  him  paralell. 

•  *  •  * 

Except  obscene  verse,  (and  strong  lines  from  whence 

Are  hardly  screw'd  intelligible  sense,) 

Strains  like  to  this  these  times  best  prize  to  praise, 

And  'tis  a  smart  neat  piece  GPIKION  sayes, 

Which  I  deny  not,  for  it  mounts  as  high 

As  any  English  Pegasus  can  fly, 

And  is  as  well  paid  ;  but  he  feels  the  reins 

Lie  loose  upon  his  brest,  and  overstrains 

To  know  what  best  the  season  doth  befit 

With  his  own  ends  ;  the  author  wants  not  wit, 

And,  I  believe,  takes  much  more  care  than  I 

What  will  best  please,  and  wherewith  to  compile, 

Though  1  have  more  than  forty  years  and  five 

Found  that  my  course  is  not  the  course  to  thrive. 

These  verses,  which  to  make  my  theam  I  choose. 

Are  but  the  sportings  of  their  author's  muse, 

And  seem  to  me  like  knacks  which  in  a  hall 

I've  seen  hung  up  for  flies  to  play  withall. 

These  are  wit's  bubbles,  blown  up  with  a  quill, 

Which  watrie  circles  with  weak  air  doth  fiU, 

Or  like  a  squib,  which  fires,  and  cracks,  and  flies, 

And  makes  a  noise  that  little  signifies.* 

The  Poet  then  alludes  to  his  acquaintance  with  the  Protector* 

I  envie  not  his  fame  who  is  deceast. 

Nor  ought  whereby  it  may  be  more  increast  : 

I  never  suffered  aught  by  his  displeasure. 

But  did  enjoy  his  favour  in  some  measure. 

Which,  He  knows  unto  whom  all  things  are  known, 

I  more  employed  for  his  weal  than  mine  own, 

And  disadvantaged  myself  to  do  him 

Such  sen  ices  as  I  thought  I  did  owe  him. 

*  ♦  *  • 
I  therefo  *e  now  expect  to  be  excused, 
Although  at  this  time  I  have  nothing  mused 
That  may  concern  him  in  the  common  mode, 
For  in  that  place  he  now  hath  his  abode 
Where  he  regards  not  baubles  :  praises  there. 
Or  flatteries  no  whit  regarded  are, 

The  most  inchanting  charms  there  cannot  charm  him, 

Detracters  or  invectives  cannot  harm  him  ; 

To  write  these  truths,  which  might  have  done  bun  shame 

Whilst  here  he  lived,  or  gained  the  writer  blame, 

Ought  now  to  be  declared  as  well  as  those 

From  hence  his  highest  commendation  flows, 

And  that  may  settle  peace  now  being  spoken, 

Which  in  his  life  time  might  the  peace  have  broken. 

♦  Compare  Young,  Sat.  2. 

"  Critics  on  verse  as  squibs  on  triumphs  wait, 
Proclaim  the  glory  and  augment  the  state ; 
Hot,  envious,  noisy,  proud,  the  scribbling  fry 
Burn,  hiss,  and  bounce,  waste  paper,  stink,  and  die,'* 
though  how  squibs  are  enviout  ukd  proud  want!  ezplanatioil* 


.^J'.er  t  i^icy^rK  of  T^  trve  mr  of 


t .'  L.  Tn*>  jora  art  ygiyiMttndl. 

^'xui'.t  e^  uie  tiitvL  f  TTtpmi^  if  ^lert  aid, 
Wl.  -l  I.  ^.'^  !.:a  bercMec  xf  vd  wofbod. 
.-.:.:  um  n'.r  rmL&e*  mtc  (jUCKioL  bnnifiix 
T:..xx^  vijji  *..  IhUMIi^l  frv  ucx  woiud  bave 
Trirr  l:  l^  5-ilil  a  fi::>m.  u  Mui  1&  roar, 

At.:  Lbi  .:  M'T  :tt^i  »;  »:}iiie  vnuid  frvm  ^CBor 
Hc^?  ;.n.»-i  ;»f.-La;t  lz.  rril  ctintt-f^aeBoe. 
V.  .■-•  :Ui.:t-f  *  -u-ixif  ;l  Uit  ppnpit'*  bnda 

H(    -.Lf  I.    r  tei    .nfrtukcei  fruiL   ibc  pamift  of  the  tiae,  i^idi  he  jvidT 


<.  Cii  Lift  AftiT.  nmir  hbhkc  tiu»  i*k  of  mrm. 
At-  :r'.ii-'.!>  trun:  l  :>j;-p.L  t^iibke  a  twtar. 
F. '  l1  lit'  fcLkk-Lfft  i:  ix.r  tieit  |ic.'UB»it 
F^:«  :-:a  ;•!-•  pvt  c:icreiii».  wbi  urt  hrm^ ; 
S.    -'.•:  L:»  fuzirrml  ftkie  ii.-  ru:  t!Yei  fell, 
>.     N.n'^.-».»  hXiL  ht  vt*^  jUbrakcL  : 
N.    :-!  V  Ki'ixrt  :l  a  tffl.;«c  miA  ha  kxng, 

\ztL  ^:    f-.m  .t.:i..  Kt-:*ui<^  iay  ue»d. 

Af  :  i.iJi't  -A;  "tif-iif    vac  ?»Ptr  u  like  to  bmd  ; 

At  :.t  vL.  :t4j^  1  iicAfc  uic  frts*  a  Uior&t  Ace 
•  •  •  • 

T:.^  *.'*.»  •■'  r.urx"*  #.:  ::  KiMpph- 

A»  ?'  .*  f».i.*«  o::*    w'h:  a.  a  t-ira;t  dotk  vritr 

A*  .'  :.-.«:••   :  r.-.^:.  tij-ri-s*  a  fu-vriMLF  Lfbt, 

I  L -••»-»  :  *  z  L  i:77»' ■*:!... ;rc  k-  fir 

A!  I***-:  :-.  t-utiiTt  :;  :.  i  sou-. 

He   »>»^JCif   Lf  -J  Iif   VOIuC  UkKBHtff 

Tll!  z^tTu't  ar  ta*  draii  ww  pftMunnatf. 
ATfC  s^fc^e*  'JuaT  rrparurr  Fpeak  w'hxct  arrer  fltttcra. 
'^.»r  »::it-L»>  a:  tl.  «Tf  otir  ib  wuet  matura 
A»  i--  r-.»::it)frn  0:>t't  ri;'rT.  or  laaT  abftar 
Tu'jb^  w.'i  »:,-.  rr:i«i^r  miMfvp^  iht  tame  : 
.Ssf  ftcfwr#  Ketk  took  %{-Ttrt  t»f  ku  am/ A. 
A%d  r.;.Ki%.f  inrf.'W  fAf  Mtmm  9nrk  4pr  ^r«erk. 
TTkf  dt^th  i,fk^  fTf-ci  Ruifr  ti  ftf^^knr. 
At  rvu  presartHl  tLat  ix.t  rat  did  id<-v. 
F'T  uaturt  xttxrr  bcicd  in  ra^  «i*e  U-»ok. 
(Pi  auT  pnnre't  dfath  hui  vbra  it  abc»ok 
The  uiiJvMv.  to  M«  tbf  aoD  of  God 
Dead  on  tb«  rrow.  vitL  armi  dis;;tlaT«<d  aSroac^. 
And,  fro ic  tLe  rtrtrtnct  iLa:  i»  dwt  to  fuch 
Hifb  DTFtfhet.  thi>  Latb  drtrarM-c  mocb 
CH"  tLi»  kinde.  and  of  »acb  hit  airr  paff»  : 
Of  SQcb  deourablr.  rain,  emptr  fEtnff*. 
Are  moft  of  all  tbew  books  and  tiopbiet  made. 
Wbicb  prinoet  to  efecniiBe  tbem  bare  bad. 

(J^  ht  c— cMid  Ml  tki  mu$  mwmker.) 


873 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


l^e  Borough  of  Sifikr^upan^Treni,  th« 
Manorial  Hisiory  of  NewcQMth' 
frnder-Lyme,  and  notices  of  othfr 
Neighbouring  Places  and  Objects.  Bg 
John  Ward*  Rngal  Svo,  pp,  xvi. 
600.  /ji'iii.  and  l6. 

THE  complexion  of  Topography 
iztust  aecessarily  vary  accordiPKas  the 
placed  described  essentially  differ  m 
their  ch tract er.  There  are  some  lo- 
calities in  which  nnihing  meets  the 
eye  but  ample  fields  rich  with  the 
abundaut  crops  which  have  for  ages 
biessi'd  them  in  bounteous  succesaioD, 
or  the  flourishing  timber  which,  to 
present  appearance,  is  nature's  free 
glH:,  unconnected  with  the  works  of 
man,  or,  perhaps,  the  rocks  and  "bitls 
which  seem  eternal,"  and  are,  indeed, 
still  under  the  dominion  of  nature  un- 
coQtroiied ;  but  the  history  of  those 
places,  though  apparently  uninviting, 
may  teem  with  the  descents  and  me- 
morials of  ancient  and  douridhicig 
houses,  with  the  usages  and  manners 
of  a  long  resident  population,  or  the 
occurrences  and  traditioDs  of  national 
history.  These,  therefore,  form  ex- 
cellent subjects  for  the  antiquarian  to- 
pographer. Oq  the  other  hand,  there 
are  some  places  so  new  and  so  entirely 
the  offspring  of  modern  trade  or  taste, 
such  as  Liverpool  or  Brighton,  that 
the  little  which  is  ancient  about  them 
ii  overwhelmed  in  the  flood  of  modern 
incidents,  and  therefore  likely  to  be 
forgotten  or  neglected  even  if  a  writer 
undertakes  to  become  their  histnnan* 

In  the  volume  of  which  we  proceed 
to  give  some  uccouut,  at  the  first  view 
an  undue  prominence  appears  to  be 
given  to  the  modern  features  of  the 
district  described*  And  yet,  it  may 
be  asked,  what  else  could  we  expect? 
The  over-pouring  torrent  of  modrrn 
commercial  business  and  its  attend- 
ant wealth  submeiges  beneath  its 
•urface  thoie  features  which  are  gene- 
rally most  prevalent  in  the  pages  of 
topography,  and  the  knights  and 
gentry  of  a  former  age  are  lost  amid 
the  busy  throng  from  the  quay  and  the 
exchange, 

Apparent  rari  oantet  ia  gargUe  vaito* 
GiNT.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


The  author  professes,  indeed,  to  deal 
with  history,  and  genealogy,  and  ma- 
norial history ;  nor  do  we  find  that 
his  pages  aie  really  deficient  on  those 
subjects  J  but,  after  all,  there  seems  to 
he  something  of  an  involuntary  defe- 
rence to  present  prosperity  and  modera 
commerce,  which  gives  the  whole 
volume  a  different  aspect  from  that  to 
which  we  arc  accustomed,  and  which 
is  totally  different  to  that  with  which 
Staffordshire  was  first  illustrated  by 
the  bands  of  old  Sampson  Erdeswick 
and  his  followers.  The  title-page 
itself  is  characteristic.  We  have  given 
but  an  abstract  of  it  above ;  but  shall 
now  transcribe  the  whole : 

•♦The  Borough  of  Stoke-upon -Trent, 
in  the  com  men  cement  of  the  rciga  of  her 
most  gracious  Majesty  Queen  Victoria^ 

which  would  seem  to  Imply  that  the 
book  was  only  a  sort  of  '*  Chamber- 
Jayne's  Present  State,"  or  *'  Pigott'a 
Directory:"  but,  have  patience,  for 
"  history  *'  is  to  be  *'  comprised,*' — 
— eompriBinj^  its  History.  Statjatics.  Civil 
Polity^  and  TrAflic,  with  Biogripbical  and 
Genettlogical  Notices  of  Eminent  lodi- 
viduaii  and  Families;  also,  the  Manorial 
History  of  Newcastlf-uoder-Lyaiei  and 
TiieideDtHl  Noricca  of  other  Neighbouring 
Places  and  Objects  ;  byJoHNWAap- 

Thus,  with  true  upstart  importance, 
the  Borough  of  Stoke- upon -Trent, 
now,  by  virtue  of  the  Reform  Act, 
flourishing  in  Parliamentary  dignity, 
is  duly  developed  in  its  history*  its 
statistics,  but, above  all,  in  itsTaAP?rc. 
But  has  not  that  "Traffic"  an  undue 
preponderance?  It  is  a  matter  of 
taste;  but  we  think  it  has.  It  is  ap- 
parent throughout  the  book,  and  it  it 
apparent  in  the  Title  itself;  which 
concludes  in  this  adverli^iing  form  : 

*•  The  Appendix  contains  many  ancient 
and  curious  Charters  never  before  pub- 
lisbed,  and  the  Work  is  embellished  with 
a  V4irietj  of  Plates.'* 

Now,  we  will  tell  our  friend  the 
author  what  would  have  become  hii 
book  better.  Instead  of  this  boastful 
presentment  of  the  "new-blown  dig- 
nity/'  this  BoaovoH  of  Stoke-iapon- 
2  N 


L 


Review. — Ward's  Borough  of  Stoie-upon-Treni.      [March, 


274 

Trent,  his  volume  should  have  been 
entitled  "The  History  of  the  StaflFord- 
shire  Potteries."  By  this  it  would  have 
been  understood  that  his  book  con- 
tained the  history  of  a  district,  well 
known  by  that  name,  once  wild  and 
thinly  peopled,  but  now  full  of  busy 
manufactories.  The  world  at  large 
are  little  aware  that  this  groupe  of 
villages  constitute  "the  borough" 
of  Stoke- upon-Trent,  as  they  generally 
attach  to  the  name  of  borough  the 
sense  of  a  walled  town,  or  a  compact 
little  place  like  our  own  cockney 
borough  of  Southwark.  Let  us  there- 
fore enlighten  the  world  more  fully  : 

**  The  District,  which,  under  the  Re- 
form Act,  constitutes  the  Borough  op 
Stoke-upon-Trent,  comprises  the  se- 
veral townships  of  Tunstall,  Barslem, 
Htnley,  Shelton,  PenkhuU  with  Boothen, 
Lane  End,  Longton,  Fenton  Vivian,  Fen- 
ton  Culvert,  hamlet  of  Sneyd,  and  vill  of 
Rashton  Grange,  which  extend  into  the 
Uiree  parishes  of  Wolstanton,  Burslem, 
And  Stoke-upon-Trent.  The  township  of 
Tunstall  alone  is  in  Wolstanton ;  the 
township  of  Burslem,  the  hamlet  of  Sneyd, 
and  Till  of  Rashton  Grange,  are  wiibin 
the  parish  of  Burslem ;  and  the  remain- 
ing townships  are  within  the  parish  of 
Stoke-upon-Trent.  The  town  of  Stoke 
is  the  nominal  head  of  the  Borough, 
though  not  the  largest  town  ;  but  that 
parish  embracing  within  its  limits  the 
principal  part  of  the  Borough,  the  para- 
mount title  of  Stoke  was  very  properly 
assigned  to  the  associated  District."  (p. 
23.) 

Now  "the  Pot  Trade/'  to  which 
the  Borough  of  Stoke-upon-Trent  owes 
its  voice  in  Parliament,  is  oC  a  growth 
almost  entirely  within  the  last  century. 
In  a  valuable  document  of  the  year 
17C2,  (being  a  Petition  preferred  to 
Parliament  by  the  inhabitants  for  the 
formation  of  adequate  roads,)  it  is 
stated  that  "  the  trade  flourishes  so 
much  as  to  have  increased  two-thirds 
within  the  last  fourteen  years."  It 
also  affords  these  particulars  : 

"In  Burslem  and  its  neighbourhood 
are  near  one  hundred  and  fifty  separate 
Potteries,  for  making  various  kinds  of 
■tone  and  earthenware;  which,  together, 
find  constant  employment  and  support  for 
near  a  thousand  people.  The  ware  in 
these  PotterieM  is  exported  in  vast  quanti- 
ties from  London,  Bristol,  Liverpool, 
Hull,  and  other  sea-ports,  to  our  several 
oobnies  in  America  and  the  West  Indies, 


as  well  as  to  almost  every  port  in  Europe. 
Great  quantities  of  flint-stones  are  used 
in  making  some  of  the  ware,  which  are 
brought  by  sea  from  different  parts  of  the 
coast,  to  Liverpool  and  Hull;  and  the 
clay  for  making  the  white  ware  is  brought 
from  Devonshire  and  Cornwall,  ehiefly  to 
Liverpool;  the  materials  from  whence 
are  brought  by  water,  up  the  rivers  Mersey 
and  Weaver,  to  Winsford,  into  Cheshire ; 
those  from  Hull,  up  the  Trent,  to  Wil- 
lington,  and  from  Winsford  and  Willing- 
ton  the  whole  are  brought  by  land-car- 
riage to  Burslem.  The  ware,  when  made, 
is  conveyed  to  Liverpool  and  Hull,  in  the 
same  manner  as  the  materials  were  brought 
from  those  places.*'  (p.  SB.) 

The  completion  of  the  Grand  Trunk 
Canal,  in  the  year  1777.  was  the  main 
improvement  to  the  means  of  comma- 
nication  above  detailed.  In  the  cen- 
tury between  1738  and  1838,  the  popu- 
lation of  the  present  "Borough"  of 
Stoke-upon-Trent  increased  from  4000 
to  63.000.  The  name  of  Wedgwood, 
which  has  attained  the  highest  ce- 
lebrity in  the  "  potter's  art "  of  this 
district,  was  first  eminent  in  the  person 
of  Aaron  Wedgwood,  of  Burslem,  who 
died  in  1743.  at  the  age  of  76.  Mr. 
Josiah  Wedgwood  (a  cousin*),  the 
founder  of  £truria,  commenced  his 
trade  about  ten  years  later,  and  died 
in  1795,  having,  as  his  epitaph  in  the 
church  of  Stoke-upon-Trent  declares, 
"  converted  a  rude  and  inconsiderable 
manufacture  into  an  elegant  art  and 
an  important  part  of  national  com- 
merce." Our  author  has  given  co- 
pious pedigrees  of  this  family,  which 
has  spread  into  numerous  branches ; 
and,  as  a  further  addition,  a  relation 
of  the  surname  of  Wood  has,  by  a 
singular  contrivance,  named  his  child- 
ren John  Wedg.(Wood)  and  Edmond 
Thomas  Wedg-(Wood),  (see  p.  153.) 
thus  multiplying  still  further  this  great 
Potter's  clan. 

The  Wedgwoods  and  some  other  old 
inhabitants  of  the  district  appear  to 
have  e!»pecially  rejoiced  in  the  Old- 
Testament  names  of  Aaron  and  Abner, 
Daniel  and  Elijah,  Enoch,  Jotiah, 
MoseA,  &c.  and  for  the  females  Han* 
nab.  Sarah,  Thirza,  and  so  on.     OiM 

*  Fourth  in  descent  from  Gilbert,  Ito 
grandfather  of  Aaron  ;  see  Bfr.  Want*! 
pedigrees  in  pp.  199^808  {  Iratift  j^  fOt 
Josiah  has  a  second  line  of  deiOtBl  9 
neonslj  attributed  to  him. 


I 

I 


1844.]       RsviEW»-^Wardfi  Borough  of  Stoke-upcn-Trent. 

of  iU  tlluatriouB  natives  was  Elijah 
Fenton  the  poet,  jsreat- great- u  ode  to 
the  grandmother  of  Sir  Thomas  Fletcher 
FeotQQ  fioughey,  Bart*  Of  htm  we 
t  presented  with  a  portrait  aa  well 
roerooirj  and  also  with  a  fac- 
■imile  of  the  letter  which  Pope  wrote 
^On  his  death  to  the  Rev.  Mr,  Broome. 
We  have  slati'd  that  Mr.  Ward's 
book  is  not  deficient  in  those  puiots 
Lwhich  are  proffered  in  his  title-page; 
PftDd  we  must  now  do  him  the  ju&tice 
to  state  lhat«  on  the  whole,  his  pagea 
are  amply  stored  with  a  great  variety 
of  uaefnl  inforfnation.  There  are  pedi- 
grees of  various  ancient  families,  such 
as  Biddulph,  G  res  ley »  Mai  Hearing, 
Ace.  besidea  those*  which  are  greater 
acquisitions,  because  original,  of  the 
modern  families  of  the  district:  and 
much  interesting  biography  is  intro^ 
diiced^  particularly  a  full  memoir  of 
J  OS  i  ah  Wedgwood. 

We  cannot,  however,  leave  this 
olume  without  entering  our  protest 
||kgaiost  an  eitraordioary  interpretation 
rhich  the  author  has  put  upon  the 
try  iifual  provision  of  timbet*  for  re- 
lira  of  the  Kiog's  castles.  He  states 
bftt  J oho. 


275 


''by  writ  dated  the  28th  Dec.  [1S04  ?] 
directed  the  Bnroni  of  the  Exchequer  to 
allow  the  8l;erilT  of  Smiop  in  hi»  Mceouot 
what  that  fuDi^cionary  had  laid  out  in  re- 
pairing the  kill's  ciistles  6f  w&od,  in  bis 
bftitiwickt  and  also  iu  timber u&ed  ta  forti* 
fytng  his  New  Castle  under  Lyme," 

and  afterwards  remarks  that, 

*•  If  the  building  [New  Castle  umlcr 
Lyme]  had  been  o/  Mlone^  there  would 
doubtlc«s  have  been  sttnitar  warrants  for 
the  in««onry  ;  but  we  con»i(U-r  the  saper- 
ftCructore  to  hate  been  wholly  of  timber 
aod  etad  work,  at  the  form  of  itt  ftiti 
jfrfMtrved  in  ifie  Borough  ArniMt  very 
cleartjf  indieafe» ;  it  I'^ihibitii  projecting 
itories,  gabled  roofs,  and  Ihst  peculiarity 
of  character  which  belongs  to  aiicieot 
timber  maosioas/' 

In  answer  to  tbia  we  aay.  1.  that 
timber  is  often  wanted  fur  repairi, 
when  atone  is  not  ;  and  2.  that  the 
seal  of  Newcastle  (the  device  of  which 
ia  now,  as  in  other  instances,  used  fur 
"the     Borough     Arms;*')      inscribed 

StOlLLVJi  COMVNR    fiVRGENSIVM  NOVI 

CASTfitLT,  repreaentft  not  the  cftbtic 
merely,  but  the  town,  and  therefore 
the  artist  hM  m^erted  %a  tnaiiy  g«blea 


as  his  «kiH  enabled  him  to  represent. 
The  caitle*  we  may  be  sure,  presented 
no  nu^h  features  aa  our  author  ima« 
ginea  ;  andp  however  great  the  quanti- 
ties of  timber  required  for  its  massy 
beama,  ita  bolts,  portculliaes.  and  other 
parts  of  its  interior  construction,  ita 
outward  face  offered  no  parts  easy  to 
be  kindled  by  the  fire  of  a  bediegiog 
enemy. 

In  the  next  page  we  6nd  an  asser- 
tion that  "  Haila  siguiKed  the  keep  or 
donjon,  as  it  still  does  a  priaon," 
quoting  Bailey'a  Dictionary  as  an  au- 
thority ;  but  this  is  aa  great  a  misap- 
prehension as  the  other;  nor  do  we 
find  that  N.  Bailey  partakes  in  the 
error.  Oti  Ihs  contrary,  Bailey  de- 
fines a  Danjon  as  "  a  lower  or  plat- 
form in  the  middle  nf  a  castle/'  and 
Ballium  as  "  a  sort  of  fortress  or 
bulwark,**  So  far  from  being  the  keep 
or  main  portion  of  the  castle,  the  haU 
Hum  was  an  exterior  court.  The  word 
is  now  in  some  places  u?ed  for  a  prison, 
we  conceive,  in  imitation  of  the  Old 
Bailey  prison  of  London,  which  hap- 
pened to  he  placed  in  the  ballium  of 
that  city  ;  in  the  game  way  as  the 
much  more  generally  diffused  name  of 
a  bridewell,  originated  from  the  penl- 
Icntiary  of  Bridewell  near  Blackfriara, 
which  had  been  a  royal  palace  for 
many  centuries,  down  to  the  reign  of 
King  KdAard  the  Sixth. 

We  will  conclude  with  a  few  re- 
marks on  anolher  passage,  in  which, 
on  older  authority,  a  church  formed  of 
timber  is  mentioned. 

*•  Trent  rysith  atte  ¥ij  myks  from  TH* 
cingbame,  no  fjirre  frotn  0  vyllage  caulyd 
Bydulff,  within  haatre  myleoff  the  Temple 
that  wont  to  be  (^a.  doet  ihtB  refer  to  tht 
Bride  Stone* /)  whtre  the  vcric  bed  of 
Trent  ys,  ando  in  greate  aomer  drougbte 
ther  apeyrth  ?erie  mycb  water,  hj  cause 
the  strcme  ys  aervyd  wylh  niHoy  springe s 
resoorting  to  aio  bottome,  although  ecu 
there  dyvcrs  doe  ignoraunllye  callc  yt 
DaTane,  raythcr  aff  foolyshe  custonic  then 
anie  skille,  by  cause  they  eyther  neglect 
or  utterlye  be  ignoraunte  why  yt  was  fvrst 
to  named  ;  the  which  knowledge  be  taken 
hymyLordc  bvchoppe  Lcofwin.  (^<jA 
tt'ia,  biuHup  of  Lkhfield,  died  m  lOijti.  W€ 
are  auite  »"  the  dark  a^tmt  th*  Bt$hop*9 
Etymotogical  JVeaii»e.)  Alto  that  thcra 
bee  one  goodlyke  churcbc  itigh  {thU  wot, 
douLUf*.  Bidduiyh  churvh)  nnd  not  farro 
from  the  foordc,  coostryctyd  of  he»» 
ilone,  iiu"!  the  meadonrc,  whccr  had  Ijecii 


276  Pettigrew's  SiipenHlknu  in  JlSrifeiM 


[M«h. 


■  Chtppdl  of  wattl ji  and  ruff  hewn  tim- 
bret.  Extract  from  an  old  black-ietter 
account  ^f  Sottingkam  Cattle/* 

In  this  passage,  which  we  suspect 
is  really  derived  from  Lcland  or  Holin- 
ahed,  triciogham  is  an  old  orthogra- 
phy (or  cacography.)  fur  Trent  ham,  as 
Camden  has  noticed.  "The  Temple" 
is  not  what  modern  antiquaries  called 
a  druidic  temple,  but  a  houic  of  the 
Knights  Templars,  we  suppose  at  Bid- 
dulph.  The  supposititious  Etymologi- 
cal Treatise  of  bishop  Lvofwin  is  most 
likely  a  charter  of  that  prelate.  >Yhere 
is  the  "  old  black-letter  account  "  to 
be  found  r  we  should  like  to  see  it 
entire. 

The  History  of  Stoke-tipon-Trent  ia 
embellished  with  many  plates,  which 
are  rather  unequal  in  their  execution. 
There  is  a  pleasing  grace  about  the 
landscapes  engraved  by  Mr.  Thomas 
Tavlor  ;  but  many  of  the  others  remind 
us  too  forcibly  of  the  piiuts  we  have 
seen  impiessed  on  plates  and  saucers, 
and  the  subjects  of  some  arc  of  that 
kind  which  is  most  in  place  at  the 
head  of  shop-bills. 

On  Superttifiom  connected  with  the 
IlUtory  and  Practice  of  Medicine 
and  Sttrgerv,  By  Thomas  Joseph 
Petiigrew,  F,R,S.,  F.S.A,,  ^-c.  8ro. 
pp,  167. 

THE  anecdotical  character  of  this 
work  cannot  fail  to  render  it  generally 
acceptable;  while  the  good-sense 
which  pervades  it,  as  di.<«tant  from 
empty  decUroation  as  from  absurd 
credulity,  stamps  it  with  a  tiuc  his- 
toric value.  A  review  of  the  follies  of 
past  ages,  whilst  it  may  cool  down 
into  a  philosophic  calmness  our  indig- 
nation  in  regard  to  those  which  now 
prevail,  ia  also  calculated  to  convict 
with  greater  certainty  the  modern  im- 
posture, and  to  place  it  in  its  proper 
category  as  a  sequel  to  its  by- gone 
prototypes. 

**  Man."  says' Southey,  "  is  a  dupe- 
able animal.  Quacks'  in  medicine, 
quacks  in  religion,  and  quacks  in  po- 
litics know  this,  and  act  upon  that 
knowledge.  There  is  scarcely  any  one 
who  may  not,  like  a  trout,  betaken  by 
tickling."  Mr.  Pettigrew,  after  an 
introdaction,  of  which  this  is  the  text, 
treats  in  succession  of  a  great  variety 
of  forma  ia  which  the  credality  of 


nankind  has  bwa  titiiiMd'  vidi  n- 
gard  to  their  corporeal  iaflnBitict  lai 
diseases. 

The  first  it  Alchymy,  tihc  pnctkeef 
which  he  carries,  mbowm  the  Anh^  In 
the  sages  of  Egrpt,  whoeo  skill  ia  its 
nanipulationa  it  abandantly  tsiliM 
by  recent  discoveries  in  that  laad  eff 
marvels* 

**  M'ithoat  sosM  fciiow1e4|S  ef  <^ 
mistry  the  Egyptians  eoaid  aevsr  han 
excelled,  as  they  have  dose,  ia  the  nakiac 
of  glass,  of  lioen,  in  dyeiaf  •  ia  the  sse  « 
mordants,  &c.  Their  ssaaaftctais  if 
metals,  particalarlj  of  gold,  the  whrii 
process  of  which  is  repraseafeed  is  Ika 
tombs  of  Beni  Hassan  and  at  Ihekni 
into  various  omameDts«  their  gold  irifSi 
their  gilding,  &c.  exhibit  great  abOitjv 
and  could  not  have  been  eflbcted  withoat 
some  knowledge  of  metallnrgj.  Their 
embalmings  also  diftplaj  aa  aeqasiaCasfle 
with  chemistry.  The  EgypCiaa  Baaa- 
scripts  hitherto  discoTered  hsTe  not  af- 
forded any  particniar  light  into  the  esteat 
of  their  knowledge;  bat  aeveral  pspyii 
have  been  found  to  contaia  certaia  fior* 
muls ;  and  one,  a  biliDgaal  Bsaaaaeript 
(bting  Enchorial  and  Greek),  waa  ex- 
amined by  my  late  fricad,  Proffaeor 
Reuvens,  the  conservator  of  the  maseaa 
of  antiquities  at  Leyden,  and  was  fsaad 
to  treat  of  magical  operatiana,  sad  to 
coDtaio  upwards  of  one  noodred  riiwairal 
and  alchymical  formnlK." 

Elias  Ashmole  was  one  of  the  nost 
distinguished  of  our  English  alche- 
mists, and  his  .MercuriophituaAnglicas, 
of  which  Mr.  Pettigrew  gives  an  ana- 
lysis, is  perhaps  the  most  curioos  ex- 
isting rt'cord  of  the  follies,  vain  con- 
ceits, and  astonishing  credulity  of  the 
fraternity. 

To  this  subject  succeeds  Astro- 
logy, which  was  formerly  deemed  to 
be  a  necessary  accomplishment  of  a 
good  physician,  as  Fabian  Withera^ 
a{;rceing  in  sentiment  with  many  other 
authors,  emphatically  declarea  :  *'  So 
far  arc  they  distant  from  the  true 
knowleilgc  of  physic  which  are  igno- 
rant of  astrology,  that  they  ought  not 
rightly  to  be  called  physicians,  but  de- 
ceivers." 

This  leads  to  the  general  subject  of 
Early  Medicine  and  Surgery,  in  the 
history  and  antiquities  of  which  our 
author  pours  forth  largely  from  the 
stores  of  his  professional  reading.  It 
includes  a  catalogue  of  the  several 
sainu  of  the  Roman  calendar  (nearly 


]  844.]        Pettigrew's  Superstitioitt  in  Medkine  and  Surgeij, 


277 


I 


I 
I 
I 


p 


I 


fifty  io  number),  to  whom  influence 
waa  attributed  over  particular  dis- 
eases ;  and  also  anecdotes  of  many 
fouDtainft  and  wells  supposed  to  have 
possessed  peculiar  virtues. 

To  these  succeed  three  chapters  on 
Talismans,  Amu  lets,  and  Charms, 
ioclading  the  child's  caul,  cramp* 
rings,  &c.  &c« 

Next  follows  a  very  interesting  and 
important  chapter  on  the  Intluence  of 
the  Mind  over  the  Body,  to  which,  in 
the  author's  opinion,  are  to  be  re- 
ferred the  various  cases  in  which  talis- 
iziana,  amulets,  and  charms  have  ap- 
peared to  work  their  desired  effects. 

**The  force  of  imag^i nation  and  the 
power  of  fear  exercised  on  the  animal 
ecoaomy,  are  admitted  by  everyone  ;  hat 
the  limits  to  which  their  operations  are 
to  be  assigned  no  one  can  designate. 
Medical  gbservera  constantly  meet  with 
extrBordiaary  changes  produced  upon  the 
body  from  passions  of  the  mind  or  sudden 
emotions.  Jaundice  has  been  known  to 
occur  almost  iastantancouijly  upon  a 
Tlolent  fit  of  anger,  or  withiu  twenty- four 
hours  of  the  receipt  of  bad  intelligence, 
or  tbc  occurrence  of  unexpectedly  severe 
losses.  Tbe  hair  which  was  jet  black 
shatl  in  a  few  hours  lose  its  colour,  be 
deprived  of  its  natural  sccretioDi  and  turn 
gray  or  white*  and  this  may  be  cither 
partial  or  general. 

For  deadly  fear  can  time  outgo, 
And  blanch  at  once  the  hair." 
•  fMarmhn,) 

*'  The  effects  of  fear  upon  the  body  are 
apparent  in  many  other  ways.  Ao  ap- 
proach to  the  door  of  a  dentist  by  one. 
Ubouriug  under  too  that  be  lias  often 
been  found  a  sure  means  of  banishing 
violent  pain .  Fright  has  frequently  cured 
ague  and  other  disorders  of  a  periodical 
character  ;  even  fits  of  the  goat  have  beeo 
terminated  in  the  same  manner.  Paralysed 
muscles  and  limbs  that  were  useless  have 
aaddcnly  been  thrown  into  action ;  and 
hemorrhages  have  as  inBtantaaeously  been 
checked. 

•        «        •        « 

**  Too  little  attention  is  paid  by  phy- 
tidaxiB  in  general  to  the  influence  of  the 
miod  or  the  operations  of  the  passions  in 
the  production  and  removal  of  disease. 
Wo  know  it  is  true  that  some  of  tbe  pas- 
sions  excite,  whilst  others  depress  :  and 
we  see  how  quickly  and  often  how  perma- 
nently changes  are  produced  in  the  offices 
of  dffiertint  parts  of  the  body.  Whilst 
ang«r,  on  the  one  hand,  accelerates  the 
progreai  of  tho  bloo4|  httrrytng  on  tho 


circulation  with  fearful  impetuosity,  to 
the  destruction  of  either  the  brain  or  tho 
organs  contained  within  the  chest ;  grief, 
on  tbe  other,  depresses  the  action  of  the 
heart,  and  causes  serious  accumulations  in 
the  krger  vessels  and  in  the  lungs* 

"Violent  grief  may  be  speedy  and 
fatal  in  its  effects »  but  that  which  ii  slow 
and  continued  is  most  iDimical  to  health* 
It  uDdermines  tbe  strongest  and  best  of 
constitutions,  and  is  the  cause  of  a  long 
catalogue  of  diseases.  The  energy  of  the 
nenous system  is  weakened,  the  functiona 
are  carried  on  in  a  slow  and  an  unequal 
manner,  so  that  in  these  cases  the  body 
and  soul  may  literally  be  said  reciprocally 
to  prey  on  each  other. 

**•  *Tis  painful  thinking  that  corrodes  our 
clay*"  {ArTHtitQngJ) 

In  many  cases,  not  merely  disease, 
hut   instantaneous   death   has    arisen 
from  sudden  mental  affections.  Chaucer 
made  the  observation, 
*'  Man  may  die  of  imagination, 
So  depe  may  impression  be  take/^ 

(Milterea  TaU.) 

and  Mr.  Pettigrew  relates  some  re- 
corded instances,  in  which  persons 
were  deceived  into  death  by  a  sima* 
lated  execution,  or  were  as  fatHy 
frightened  into  it  by  apprehension  at 
if  the  executioner's  axe  had  fallen 
upon  their  necks.  He  might  here  have 
introduced  the  name  of  a  distinguished 
example,  Arthur  Plantagcnet,  Vis- 
count Lisle,  natural  son  of  King 
Edward  the  Fourth  ;  who,  being  im- 
prisoned in  the  Tower  hy  King  Henry 
the  Eighth,  and  anticipating  the  worst, 
unexpectedly  received  an  order  for  his 
release,  tbe  king,  *'for  his  more  satis- 
faction, sending  him  a  diamond  ring, 
and  a  gracious  message  ;  which  so 
overjoyed  him  and  dilated  his  spirits^ 
that  he  died  the  night  following/' 
Cases  of  sudden  death  from  powerful 
emotions  and  unexpected  joys  or 
sorrows  are,  however,  numerous  ;  and 
Mr.  Petti  grew  attributes  them  to  the 
effects  produced  hy  means  of  the 
nervous  system  acting  chiefly  upon 
other  organs,  particularly  those  which 
appertain  to  the  sanguiniferous  system, 
XV here  either  disease  or  a  strong  pre- 
disposition to  it  had  previously  existed. 
He  adds  many  extraordinary  examples 
of  the  effects  of  terror  in  producing 
various  lamentable  injuries  to  the 
human  frame :  and,  by  anology,  it 
may  well  he  conceived  that  their  re« 


b. 


378 


Pettigrew't  SuptntitioHM  in  ilMictM  mi  Swryify.     fl'v^' 


movml  hat  been  tometimeB  occaiiooed 
by  similar  causes. 

Mr.  Pcttigrew's  next  chapter  is  one 
of  the  most  carious.  It  discusses  the 
Royal  Gift  of  Healing,  the  history  of 
which  peculiarly  belongs  to  thiscountry: 

**  The  practice  appears  to  be  one  of 
English  growth,  commencing  with  Ed- 
ward the  Confessor,  and  descending  only 
to  foreign  potentates  who  could  show  an 
alliance  with  the  royal  family  of  Eoglaod. 
The  kings  of  France,  however,  claimed  the 
right  to  dispense  the  gift  of  healing,  and 
it  was  certainly  eiercited  bj  Philip  the 
First ;  but  the  French  historians  say  that 
he  was  deprived  of  the  power  on  account 
of  the  irregularity  of  his  life.  Lauren - 
tins,  first  physician  to  Henry  IV.  of 
France,  who  is  indignant  at  the  attempt 
made  to  derive  its  origin  from  Edward  the 
Confessor,  asserts  the  power  to  have  com- 
menced with  Clovis  I.  The  French  kings 
kept  np  the  practice  to  1776. 

**  If  credit  is  to  be  given  to  William  of 
Malmesbnry,  with  respect  to  Edward  the 
Confessor,  we  must  admit  that  in  England, 
(bra  periodof  nearly 700  years,  the  practice 
of  the  royal  touch  was  exercised  in  a  greater 
or  lesser  degree,  as  it  extended  to  the 
reign  of  Queen  Anne.  It  must  not,  how- 
ever, be  supposed  that  historical  docu- 
ments are  extant  to  prove  a  regular  con- 
tinuance of  the  pracrice  during  this  time. 
No  accounts  whatever  of  the  first  four 
Norman  kings  attempting  to  cure  the 
complaint  sre  to  be  round.  In  the  reign 
of  William  HI.  it  wot^  not  on  any  occasion 
exercised.  He  m&nifested  more  sense 
than  his  predece9>ors,  for  he  withheld 
from  employing  the  royal  touch  for  the 
cnre  of  scrofula ;  and  Rapin  says,  that  he 
was  so  persuaded  he  should  do  no  injury 
to  persons  afflicted  with  this  distemper  by 
not  touching  them,  that  he  refrained  from 
it  all  his  reign.  Queen  Elizabeth  was 
also  averse  to  the  practice,  yet  she  ex- 
tensively performed  it.  It  flourished  most 
in  the  time  of  Charies  II.,  particularly 
after  his  restoration,  and  a  public  register 
of  cases  was  kept  at  Whitehall,  the  prin- 
cipal scene  of  its  operation. 

'*  In  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.,  the  pre- 
sentation of  a  piece  of  gold  was  first 
generally  introduced.  It  probably  de- 
soended  from  a  practice  common  in  the 
time  of  Edward  111  ,  whose  rose-noble 
had  on  one  side  the  kiug*s  image  in  a 
ship,  and  on  the  r>vorse  a  religious  in* 
scription,  *' JrsiUit  au'ein  transiens  ]K*r 
medium  eorum  ibnt."  anil  these  coins  are 
said  to  have  been  worn  as  amulets  to  pre- 
serve from  danger  in  bittle.     Many  t^ins 

this  description  are  to  be  found  in  the 
iMtion  of  the  British  Muioam  and  in 


other  cabinets,  having  sen*. 
Scripture  of  a  holy  dian..ttr,  which 
doubtless  were  emfdoyed  wi:'i  the  sama 
intent.  The  ancel-noUe  of  Henry  VII. 
appears  to  have  been  the  coii*  given,  as  it 
was  of  the  purest  gold.  It  >ras  the  eoia 
of  the  time,  and  not  made  espedally  for 
this  purpose.  It  bore  the  inscription, 
'Per  Cruci  tu&  lalva  nos  xp*<e  rod'e;' 
but  in  the  time  of  Elisabeth  this  was 
altered  to  *  A  Domino  factum  est  istud 
et  est  mirabile  in  oculis  nostris.*  Ailer 
the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  it  was  found  ne- 
cessary to  reduce  the  rise  of  the  coin,  so 
great  were  the  numbers  that  applied  to  be 
touched,  and  the  inscription  was  therefore 
reduced  to  that  of  '  sou  deo  qlouia,* 
which  continued  to  be  the  CMe  to  the  time 
of  Queen  Aone.'* 

Mr.  Pettigrew  pursues  the  annals  of 
the  royal  touch  through  the  reigns  of 
the  several  sovereigns  who  are  re- 
corded to  have  exercised  its  irirtaea« 
and  his  frontispiece  exhibits  the  golden 
angels  conferred  by  Charles  II.  JaoMa 
II.  and  Anne. 

"  In  reviewing  the  whole,  it  is  impos- 
sible not  to  feel  surprise  at  the  extent  of 
the  practice  and  the  length  of  time  that  it 
prevailed.  That  many  persons  so  tondied, 
and  labouring  under  a  scrofulous  dispo* 
sition,  should  receive  benefit,  may  not 
unfairly  be  admitted ;  and  an  explanation 
of  it  is  probably  afforded  by  the  beneficial 
effect  produced  on  the  system  occasioned 
by  the  strong  feeling  of  hope  and  oer- 
taiaty  of  cure.  Such  feelings  sre  celcu- 
lated  to  impart  tone  to  the  system  gene- 
rally, and  benefit  those  of  a  scrofalous 
diathesis,  in  whom  the  powers  are  always 
weak  and  feeble.  According  to  the  ex- 
lent  in  which  the  touching  was  performed 
by  Charles  11.  the  disease  ought,  admit- 
ting the  royal  power  of  healing,  to  have 
been  exterminated,  instead  of  which  we 
find  that  during  his  reign  the  deaths  from 
the  disease  exceeded  those  of  any  other 
period.  Persons,  it  must  be  remembered, 
flocked  from  all  parts  of  the  eountiT  to 
undergo  this  operation;  and  no  memcal 
or  surgical  aid  was  resorted  to." 

Brief  notices  of  Valentine  Great- 
rakes'  cures,  and  of  Sympathetica! 
cures,  complete  this  very  curious  col- 
lection ;  which  it  is  obvious  might  be 
enlarged  in  almost  every  page  by  fresh 
roa-rriaU,  hut  which,  in  its  present 
state,  i^  suflioiently  full  to  interest  the 
reader  without  wearying  hiro,  and  to 
lead  to  other  points  of  useful  inquiry 
as  well  as  historical  curiosity. 


1844.] 


Rbtiew.— r^e  VtUage  Church. 


279 


TU  ViUagt  Church,  a  Poem.    By  the 
Author  qf  the  Phylactery. 

W£  have  given  this  poem  repeated 
rtadiogB,  and  we  shall  read  it  often 
again.  It  it  a  gem  of  the  hue  we 
moat  like,  shining  amid  the  mass  of 
poetical  rubbish  with  which  we  are 
surrounded.  Who  the  author  is  we 
do  not  know,  bnt  we  can  bear  witness 
to  his  knowledge,  talent,  and  poetical 
feeling,  to  the  correctness  of  his 
language,  and  to  the  elegance  of  his 
versification.  We  like  both  the  firm- 
ness of  his  principles,  and  the  tempered 
moderation  of  his  laoguage.  The 
poem  is  dedicated  in  Latin,  D.  Ricardo 
Gulielmo  Penn  Curzon  Comiti  Howe, 
by  the  author,  who  signs  himself 
oMMTv/ior  et  inglorius.  It  was  com- 
menced aboQt  1814,  and  continued  a 
year  or  two  afterwards,  a  few  stanzas 
only  having  been  added  since.  The 
subject  of  the  poem  being  reflective, 
and  the  whole  of  a  moral  and  religious 
cast,  it  does  not  admit  those  effulgent 
bursts  of  eloquence,  those  brilliant 
displays  of  imaginative  splendour, 
which  strike  and  charm,  though 
separated  from  the  passages  that  sur- 
rounded and  sustained  them.  The 
whole  of  the  work  is  written  in  a 
calm  strain  of  tempered  and  har- 
aionious  elegance  ;  and,  though  the 
thoughts  are  highly  interesting,  yet 
the  subject  is  so  linked  together 
with  such  an  equality  between  the 
parts,  as  to  render  a  selection  of  in- 
sulated passages  neither  easy  to  us, 
Dor,  perhaps,  just  to  the  poet  himself. 
But  as  we  roust  give  a  specimen  of 
that  which  we  have  so  highly  praised, 
let  us  begin  with  the  beginning. 

Hope  not,  deludsd  man,  to  rear  thee  bliss 

Upon  the  sands  of  worldly  projects  raised ; 
Comftnt  and  self-respect  thou  still  shalt  miss, 

Of  wisdom's  happier  sons  more  pitied  far 
than  praised. 
Mnt  to  tha  soul  that  op  the  steep  of  life 

StiU  drooping  plods  an  nnremittioi^  pace, 
OaU*d  by  the  load  of  gain,  or  passion's  strife, 

With  cnmbrons  honour  bent,  or  fest'riog 
with  disgrace. 
For  him  the  rarest  Jeweto  of  the  mind 

Of  Sage  or  Bard  reflect  no  predous  ray, 
TVoth  in  her  bed  of  rock  ha  leaves  behind. 

And  casts  the  blaiinf  gems  of  minstrelsy 
away. 

Oh  f  teach  him,  Heaven,  to  wend  Ms  weary  feet 
Among  the  flow'rets  strew'd  by  flincy's  hand  i 
Give  him  tae  lyre's  begniliagehorda  to  beat, 
it  east  Us  kNid,  and  mochkis 


The  road  to  fune,  though  nigged,  is  not  drear, 

Nor  yet  is  every  race  of  plory  run ; 
The  muse  ne'er  whisperM  in  the  poet's  ear— 

"  Nought  is  there  new  on  earth  beneath  the 
radiant  sun." 
What  though  a  thousand  bards  usurp  the 
skies, 

To  spheres  of  endless  harmony  consign'd, 
Yet  strains  unknown  to  mortal  tongue  shall 
rise, 

And  some  last  genius  beam  amid  the  wrecks 
of  mind. 
Grief  is  the  certain  heritage  of  man, 

And  days  of  darkness  are  the  lot  of  each ; 
But  grief  and  darkness  cloud  not  all  our  span 

And  light,  and  joy,  and  peace  are  still  within 
our  reach. 
Cast  then  the  fardels  of  superfluous  care, 

And  seek  the  untrodden  dews  of  lofty  song, 
With  me  to  scenes  more  sanctified  repair, 

And  leave  the  giddy  great  and  more  than 
slavish  throng,  &c. 

Our  remaining  extract  we  make 
from  that  part  in  which  the  poet  is 
contrasting  the  solitary  state  of  the  poor 
half-starved  curate  with  the  blessings 
and  comfort  diflfused  by  a  married 
clergy ;  and  he  concludes  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner,  addressing  "  Woman- 
kind." 
Oh !  bom  to  virtue,  to  religion  dear, 

By  seal  and  quenchless  charity  combined ; 
I  fain  would  raise  thee  to  the  proudest  sphere* 

To  works  of  heavenly  trust,  and  love  to 
human  kind. 
Yes  !  I  would  give  thee  to  the  village  prieet, 

His  toilsome  round  of  usefulness  to  aid, 
The  sick  to  tend,  the  fainting  soul  to  feast. 

And  teach  the  wond'rous  price  for  sin's 
atonement  paid. 
To  thee  the  fait 'ring  lips  of  conscious  youth, 

The  contrite  dupe  of  man's  seductive  wiles. 
Could  vent  her  shame,  and,  cheer'd  by  gospel 
truth,  [in  smiles. 

That  downcast  face  of  guilt  might  rise  again 
Pangs  never  poured  in  man's  unfitting  ear. 

The  bosom-plague  of  sorrow  and  dismay, 
The  brood  of  sin,  and  all  the  host  of  fear. 

Thy  pity  could  extort,  and  chase  the  fiends 
away. 

Thou  toocould'st  soothe  the  mother's  tortured 
breast. 
When  in  the  trying  hour  of  travail  torn, 
With  not  a  friend,  with  not  a  comfort  blest. 
Her  rasged  young  half  fed,  the  future  all 
foriom. 
Compell'd  by  want  e'en  British  mothers  live 

That  steel  their  bosoms  to  the  suckling's  cry, 
Tear  from  their  breasts  the  clinging  babe,  and 
give  [wealth  could  buy. 

To  chance  a  charge  more  dear  than  British 
Nay,  mothers  too,  by  frantic  hunger  fired. 
With  deadly  bane  have  drugg'd  the  nursling's 
life. 
Or,  ere  themselves  in  hopeless  death  expired, 
Dc^  in  its  fDndling  heart  have  plunged  tit 
searching  knife* 


Review.— Williams's  Study  of  the  Gotpeb.         piaitb, 


S60 


Man  tetU  bit  frst*rinf  wound,  but  cui  no  more— 

In  woman  next  to  God  hit  ffDcroui^  lie. 
Life*A  rou^b  turmoilt  and  perils  pre«s  biin  tore. 
And  when  his  day  i»  done  he  bends  his 
flren^b  to  die. 
But  woman,  hov*rin|r  round  the  conch  of  pain, 

I'nbeard.  unweaneU.  jruardian  xigil  keeiHi, 
Betniiles  the  ni^hl.  un«ttn«cious  of  it»  waue. 
And  Iliads  the  blmxlstaiuM  e> e  of  an{:uish  till 
It  klcei^''. 
llark  the  bic  drop»  on  that  con«tiicttM  brow. 
The    wrench    ivuvulMve    and    »u«pende<l 
breath. 
No  respite  thone  tTYuendon*  »tru|x1es  know. 
And  everr  ra»p  andgnMU  i*  harbtnferof 
death : 
Yrt  ID  that  confiicl  v^mam't  lovinc  caxe 

A*«ert«  a  pUof  and  i»o«<r  thM  art  Jcn)e«. 
And.  «hi'ie  tk^  *]^rr*  and  >  o:  the  >pnt  »uy*. 
Her  li^.n,:  iv^rtioa    clainj»s  r..v  qu:*  bun 
l;U  he  die*. 


on  their  side.  And  thU  laadi  v  to  look 
with  especial  interest  on  oar  Lord's  own 
mode  of  expounding  the  SeripCnres.  For 
it  is  rery  clear,  unless  we  have  thit  ftith 
which  is  of  God,  «e  may  be  deedted  ud 
entangled,  not  only  by  eztenial  ciresa- 
cum«unces,  bnt  eren  by  the  letter  of 
Soriprare  itself,  Uking  preeqiCB,  ud 
ficnres,  and  prophecies,  not  seeordinf  to 
the  spirit,  as  unfolded  to  faith  and  obe- 
dience, bnt  according  to  the  false  light  of 
natural  reason.  Now.  there  appear  to  bt 
two  anodes  of  interpreting  and  vnder- 
standios  the  sacred  writings.  Sone  pCT- 
ftonf.  with  a  scmpnlons  and  icligioas 
jealoufT,  would  contend  that  we  shosrid 
consider  nothing  as  binding  on  the  eon- 
scieD.''e  unless  it  can  be  snppoitcd  by 
rjEpress  warranty  in  the  rery  woids  of 
Hok  Scripture  :"or  would,  pertaps.  allow 
as  a'  en  at  matter,  that  this  accepianot 
and  b^::ef  should  be  extended  to  distinc* 
lion*  Icciiimately  and  logieally  drawn  frost 
the  s.^ua J  text-  'While  others  woald  eon- 
fiJcr.  ;^:  the  whole  of  Scriptnre  adasili 
c:  :.:;i.er  ar.d  s^-iritual  interpretations« 
whercbr  irrstcncs  are  revealed  nnto  tho 
=:rr  k.  « .. .^  iJe  led  ca  by  faith  into  all  the 
Tret* u re*  wi.:cii  are  bxi"in  Christ.  Sow, 
':..*  ',x'.'cT  we  »La.l  £nd  sanctioned,  I 
:ii:Tii.  r..^:  rr.\r  ^y  the  Church  Catholieof 
a".,  act*,  aai  :be'pra.-£«  cf  fati«n,  and 
».?■.>:  :*  ar.i  tTinpclisa^  bat  erea  by  Ae 
y»:rs  ii:i.-r::y  cf  oar  Lord  himsrif 
:-  kl,  :ii  ii^:ar  ."w  in  which  he  cites  pas- 
»««  :>.-=  TLf  O.i  Tcsiamenu  they  are 
f..r^  u  ^  :  1.; :  prrre  the  ;>Kat  in  qnesiiBB 
-.r  &  r:i.-ir.  r  :  -  kitisfy  a  raruoal.  BnihlinB 
a  rtr  .-  .;*  i  z,i  rxro-^c*  :»^crcr.  If  we  i 
•rrri-f  ic  :: '*r*U  x  his  iria 
i«f^.  si^.-c*'  :.? -=-*trea»  »  he  j 
rai  T : :  >f  is—.  /  - 1  ce-inac  irsat 

::;-.•    I  .  •  :  -*  :.'t^.-  liix  u  h»  • 
.•.■;!-£:•>    X  :--.'»!<:.    n:re  tr  The  hesrt 
::k:  •::  ift:      w.i*  ::■;  t»ic»  rf tJs  ow* 


'B\  r\f  Rrr.  Uaa'c  VV'..:.am5. 
A  VERY  eciai.rc  wrjrk.  frr  :b.e 
beau:y  c^fihc  :h.  jcb:*  ari  re?.tc:..r.5. 
the  ir^^r.:.;;*  ar..:;u>:  :£**.:-.  rrs,  ari 
the  ::«c  Ca:'.:.  :  r.i:>  :-'.:?.*:  a:.i 
p.-'vert.r.c  :'::?  w^.-  f.  I:  :*  J.^.idi 
:r:o  *fwr,  rva::*  —  ^>-arac:i-.>:  .-  .:.;- 
fe-<rrc*  .-  :-*.i  :V.::  C^.*.>f»:  c;:: 
Lcri  *  IT ar . :>»:a:  .  r.  .■ :'  :  n:s^i .: :  :hf 
rs-e  •*»:"  5c:  rv-ra.     rtfrr-fta:..-;  fu:- 

G'»"*>e. :    r:;r:  .1.    .*:"    ari:*    ;i   :r.e 

G-.t^r^L*  .  ?  *r«  *"*  :■•:  L,Ti**  l^.^is 
ar-i  c  -  »::r;  ari  .a>:T.  .-t:  L.tj"* 
ir.Vf  .*.:■  Jft>r^  w  ii  ;  *  .^ :>.-*:  c* 
T^  cia"*.'*?:  .-:'  -J:  *  w.r».  w  .  >f  \ir 
Wrter  ..=,j»f.>::oi  r  :ii  rra-i-  *  <.-- 
Ararjw-  :x  ::  izu:  ..rr  ::f  *:  :  :  : 
^r*;i  :  *  w-  vrr  a:.:  ^"j  -C  ."- 
t^>M    TOistr^*    w:  .:    r  .>:    ■.-.:. 

eir^TT*  w»  r. .  .   £■:      :.".   i\:r-i.> 

j^n  i*  w,.  1  ^.      .>:  ri    :.■   :;:  i-- 

^>f  a;.'.:.v  »  T.i;:::  .     M     *  :^    a   « 
>rt  .:i    ■   s  :  :•:    i  : .  -  >  »  ;  -  ■ ,   ,-:  i  i  : 
^"*  "j-ki  :j'*     .-•  :.^     *■  ?si*:    L-..  :* 
sxx     ^o.'  v;  :  ii:l  sl  «:..!..    :  n& 
^■"••s   fei^  a  :..—:i     :i^..:z    ..•j-^.-   :. 

??fccia    ui-.     i  ;..  »  =-::^      : .    N.  -  Tv*-    i  r- 

«a*>  5-.v\s  »rx   ,>a:t!    r'  .v.;--***   :.'■   i:-       .,_ 

ae-'wsi.i-x  ^tf  Ns-pcirs  ^jcs"^     si  nn-*.:   .v      .•.■ov-.-  -t--  ^-^  -^vitri   u.  ~a»  aasrvgflf 


z-^z:-^-::  u* 


*tf!.-.-3ii-i  aat 


.:;  I  r»L-:  :/wi*r 


r.  "v.\"~  .  4>> 


ai£  su^ 


;  sfta  ^jc^K-Kn      Su.->  aun  ^ 


1844,) 


REvi«tr.^Moiiltne*8  Dream  qf  Life, 


281 


I 


I 


St.  JobOt  therefore,  shoald  have  selected 
•atrb  discourses  for  distinct  mentiou,  is 
the  more  rcmarkablif  from  the  iilmee  of 
the  other«  re*pccting  discourses  so  rno- 
lIlfTtCoui  ;  it  marks  the  more  strongly  the 
predilection  or  purpo^  of  the  iniod  to 
hA\e  so  diattoctly  noticed  and  rtrmembcred 
wb4t  was  of  such  solemn  intere^r,  uod 
could  not  otherwise  have  beeu  preserved 
from  oblivioQ.  Were  we  to  consider  the 
renpective  styles  of  the  writers  as  a  matter 
of  humaii  conipasition,  St.  Miktlhew^s  gus- 

Sel  is  Gbtroctc-ri^d  by  preapt,  St.  Luke's 
y  narratieet  St.  Mark's  by  human  in- 
eident,  and  St,  John*s  by  doetrine.  Hut 
doctrine  is,  ds  it  were,  the  very  fountain- 
liesd  from  which  precept  and  (narrative 
ft&d  tefttiment  flow;  to  pass  from  the 
odstr  QospeU  to  St,  John,  is  like  passing 
up  the  strtfam  to  the  head  and  source. 
Like  the  eagle,  he  turns  from  the  effecta 
and  deTelopments  of  light  in  objects 
below  to  gai«  upon  the  tun  itself/"  &c.^ 
p.  86. 


77>e  Dream  of  Life  and  o/Aer  Parmi, 
By  Johfl  Moultrie. 

THERE  19  much  poetical  talent  in 
thi5j  volunae,  excellent  feeling,  and, 
generally  speaking,  a  very  correct  and 
eleg&nt  expression.  The  chief  poem 
is  written  in  that  fnmfliar  verse  of 
whi^h  Cowper's  Task  is  a  well 
known  tod  uopular  example.  It 
forma  a  aketcn  of  the  author's  tife» 
divided  into  four  seraj  or  periods.  We 
hmve  read  it  with  no  little  intereat«  and 
shall  maki*  two  extracts  from  it^  the 
selection  being  partly  made  for  the 
merits  of  the  poetry,  and  partly  as  a 
gratification  to  our  feeling*.  Among 
the  •*  Lays  of  the  English  Church  "  are 
some  pieces  of  more  than  ordinary 
merit,  but  we  have  not  room  to  make 
any  quotations  from  rhem.  We  have  no 
fault  to  find  or  blemishes  to  point  outj 
— the  critic's  favourite  occupation*— 
but  only  to  observe  that  a  few,  very 
feW|  of  the  expressions  in  the  Dream  of 
Life  are  a  little  too  familiar,  too 
homely  (we  really  mean  to  say  too  low) 
in  our  judgment.  Cowper  has  avoided 
this;  though  his  poetical  pinions  often 
Dearly  sweep  the  ground,  their  feathers 
are  never  soiled  with  its  stains. 

From  the  Dream  of  Life  we  shall 
make  two  extracts,  containing  pleas- 
ing yet  pensive  recollections  of  two 
frienda  of  the  author,  both  lately 
deceftsed.  nnd  both  eminent  for  their 
Idents,  th^ir  acnuiremeuts,  and  their 

Gewt.  Ma«.  Vol.  XXL 


virtues.  The  one  we  first  quote  is 
sacred  to  the  memory  of  the  late  Mr. 
Nelson  Coleridge. 

•' ^— Turn  wf  nMt 

To  une,  bat  rarely  on  ttie*L'  nitriits  our  ^esC  | 
To  him— thj-  lijinstnan,  once  my  schootfellow. 
And  more  tlinn    most   Of  my  compeen  « 

school 
Or  thy  collatcril  kindred,  to  n«  both 
By  close-knit  hond*  united— in  those  day* 
A  comely  youih.  tho'  premattifcly  prreyi 
And,  Xonf^  e'er  maabood^a  noon  u|Km  his  brow, 
To  wear  the  siAjnle»s  ailver  of  old  ape : 
Gmcpful  tie  was  in  person  and  in  mind. 
Enrich'd  with  eUanical  accomplislinients 
And  stores  of  various  study— apt  to  lean, 
And  with  intense  suaceptibtlity  [proud, 

Of  soul  and  sense  endowed.  Some  deemM  him 
And  jt»  himself  too  confident— in  troth 
*Twas  not  his  nature  to  disa«>ml>]e  powers 
With  which  he  had  been  fifted— nor  the  lore 
To  which  he  hid  atrain'd  ;  and  envrouN  me n. 
Who  Ifated  hlra   for  both,  were  prompt  to 

blame 
That  which  they  could  not  imitate,— Yet  few 
Were  cast  by  nature  in  a  finer  mould, 
Or  arm'd  with  appreliensioni  niore  acute 
And  exquisite,  of  beauty  and  of  InTtb, 
Moral  and  intellectual.— To  create 
Wbj  not  his  province  j  bat  his  mind  received, 
And  treasured,  and  retainM,  with  ready  tact 
The  lessons  by  profoundprmiEds  instiU'd| 
Wljich,  with  expressive  utterance  to  the  taste 
And  apprehension  of  the  world  at  lar^e, 
Ue  skilfully  adapted— hence  his  task 
Was  rightly  chosen,  when  in  after  years 
lie  to  the  teaching  of  that  ma*tcr-mi»d 
Subjected  his  whole  soul,— content  to  shire 
Tiir  ^lory  which  must  rest,  in  time  to  come, 
On  those  outpourings  of  Immortal  thought 
By  hj5  sole  pen  preservM,  or  by  his  toll 
Collected  and  srranfed  ;— lits  was,  In  tnitb, 
A  proud  and  happy  lot,  to  have  imbibed 
These  lessons  while  he  llr'd,  and  after  death 
To  link  bis  own  remembrance  with  the  name 
Of  earthN  profouudest  teacher  j—happier  stflj 
In  that  his  toils  were  sweeicn'd  and  austain'd 
By  such  rich  treasure  of  connubial  wealth 
Afl  ftw  have  e'er  possessed,  Kot  mine  the  tt*k 
To  seiie  and  fix  the  ethereal  lineaments 
Of  that  majestic  spirit  which  illumined 
With  rays  intense  of  intellectual  light 
Corporeal  beauty,  fw  surpassing  aught 
That  to  the  painter**  or  the  poet's  eye 
Imagioation  eter  yet  reve«lM 
(Jf  loveliness  ideal— while  the  heart, 
Unchiird  and  unsophlsticate,  still  throbbM 
With  woman*!  deepest  love.— still  sympathis'd 
With  whatsoe'er  of  human  joy  or  grief 
Demands  or  merits  sympathy— still  sbaf 'tf. 
With  unaffected,  frank  simplicity,        [sports, 
Tlie  interests  and  the  care*,   the    healthfW 
The  mingled  smiles  and  tears  which  mart  thi 

coarse 
Of  ordinary  Uie— soggestiiig  thus 
To  the  discerning  and  observant  mind 
How  far  inventive  phantaay  falls  short 
Of  nature's  actual  banAlworlt  t— lifl^t  wm, 


282 


Review.— Moultrie's  Dream  ofU/e. 


[hbuA, 


Not  in  iucb  strains  is  these,  be  lier  high  praise 
Attempted-nor  let  step  of  mine  invade 
VTith  ruthless  tread  the  still,  sepulchral  gftoom 
Which  shrouds  her  recent  sorrow-for  the 

dead— 
For  kirn  the  jpentle  and  the  pure  of  heart, 
Tlie  icenerous,  the  afTectionale,— from  earth 
At  life's  fnll  noon  removM— for  him  be  tears 
Of  true  and  reverential  sorrow  shed; 
Ptor  Aer,  what  more  can  sympathjr  desire 
Than  those  divine«t  pifts  already  hers? 
fttience  and  fkith  to  bear  the  will  of  Heaven, 
And  power  while  yet  on  earth  to  bmthe  in 

worlds 
Of  pure  celestial  thoopht,  and  cheering  hope 
Of  fhture  bliss  and  memory  of  the  past, 
TO  soothe  the  o'erbarden'd  present." 

In  the  following  verses,  in  which, 
like  as  in  the  former,  the  heart  of  the 
writer  confirms  what  his  pen  has 
written,  there  are  few  we  suppose  who 
will  not  recognise  the  portrait  of  the 
late  Dr.  Arnold  of  Rugby ;  and  who 
will  not  be  gratified  with  the  following 
tribute  to  his  memory.  We  at  least 
can  vouch  for  the  fidelity  as  well  as 
elegance  with  which  the  portrait  is 
drawn. 

Ifeisdead' 

He  whom  all  England  hononrM  as  her  first 
Of  Christian  teachers— he  by  whom  her  yonth 
Were  trained  and  lesson'd  with  most  earnest 

seal. 
And  depth  unknown  of  wisdom  from  above, 
In  Christ's  aU-perfect  rale,  and  uught  to  Uke 
His  yoke  ni^on  them,  and  to  l>ear  his  cross 
As  men.  who  with  divine  and  human  love 
Bifhtly  imbued,  in  intellect  and  heart 
Wen  disciplined,  vkith  heavenly  arms  eqnippM, 
And  knowing  both  the  prite  for  which  they 

strove. 
And  how  it  must  be  won.  sbcuki  in  this  world 
Ffgbt  the  good  fight  of  faith.    Alas !  for  us. 
His  townsmen  and  his  neighboais,  us  whose 

hopes 
ftrental  with  bis  life  were  close  entwined. 
Who  deemed  our  chUtlren's  the  most  blessed 

lot 
By  providence  to  children  e'er  assigned. 
In  that,  by  htm  their  yonnr  intelligence. 
Developed  and  improved,  should  first  expand 
Its  fresh  and  tender  bio&soms :  that  in  him. 
Their  teacher  and  their  guide,  they  should  be- 
hold 
A  model  of  what  Christians  ongbt  to  be. 
Alas '  for  us :  but  not  f<a  us  alone ! 
Briuin '  all  Europe  '  Christendom  itself 
Mourns  his  untimely  loss;— the  Church  be- 
wails 
In  him  the  best  and  bnrest  of  her  Mms  ; 
Him.  if  sometimes  an  emng.  never  foand 
A  weak  or  craven  champion  in  her  cause : 
ForLt'er  «ere  t.nith  and  roodnefs  UmMsi..! 

sought 
Wiih  more  devoted  ferrour  than  by  him  ; 
Nor  oft  have  noblest  intcUcctnal  gifts 


Been  nmctifled  with  loftier  piety 
Than  in  his  bosom  dwelt ;  his  inward  cja 
Clear,  rapid,  comprehenalTe,  at  a  glance 
Discerned,  if  not  the  perfect  fiovm  of  tntfc. 
At    least   her  shadowy   lincaaenta 

straight 
With  stedfisst  gase  he  followed^  in  Ua  cone 
Flaihing  swift  gleams  of  unexpected  Ugkt 
On  whatsoever  sul^ect  of  higli  tlMnght    (fHa, 
Cross*d  or  approach*d  Us  path :  ftr  knana 
The  want  and  woe.  the  ignoraace  and  ain. 
The  bondage  of  corruption,  beneath  wUA 
The  creation.  In  its  angniah  and  wnreet 
Still  groans  and  travaita,  Ibr  whatever  wnog 
The  feeble  soAr  and  the  stnog  indictp 
His  was  the  sorrow  of  a  Christian  aaint. 
His  were  the  projects  of  a  Christian  a^e. 
For  Britain's  helpless  saiilions  ahovo  all. 
Writhing  in  dumb  blind  pain,  vntanghty  vaM* 
With  earnest  heart,  and  biain,  and  t<i^i^ 

and  pen. 
He  toiled  t*  achiere  deUveranco    to  thia  tjI^ 
Through  honour  and  dishononr,  thnogh  re- 
port 
Evil  and  good,  still  constant ;  yet  In  Mi 
Philanthropy  (too  oft  In  feebler  adnds 
Destructive  of  less  Hbcrsl  sjnpatUcs) 
MarrM  not  one  home  afllBCtioB,  hot  — Ka«yp.fft 
And  purified  them  all.    Ko  hsppiu  heartii 
Than  his  e'er  flung  its  wintcr-ereni^  hlsst 
O'er  groups  of  joyous  fhces;  there  was  not 
In  all  the  workl  a  parent,  hasband,  friend, 
More  excellent  than  he.    Nor  was  the  tee 
Of  Nature,  her  mysterioos  tordincas. 
To  him  indifferent ;  flowers,  and  troca,  and 
fruits,  [thi^. 

Beast,   insect,  featherM  fowl,  and  creeping 
Whatever  God  had  made,— the  moontain  ridge 
F.mbo5oming  the  lake,  near  which  he  spent 
His  intervals  cf  rest  fhna  livelr  toO, 
The  primrose  on  the  bank,  the  hawthorn  hc4ge 
With  woodbines  and  wild  raacs  intertwined— 
He  lov'd  them  all :  miycstic  was  his  sool. 
And  gentle  in  his  majesty— alive 
To  whatsoe'er  in  this  material  world 
Reveals  the  presence  of  divinity— 
And  therefore  fuD  of  love.    Alas,  fcr  as; 
Who  knew  him.  who  beheld  and  Mt  the  power 
Of  goodness  which  abode  in  him,  and  yet 
Scarce  loved  it  tUl 'twas  lost.    Atas,  fcr  thee, 
I^wrtown!  in  which  he  sc|^oam*d  fcr  a  tinw. 
And  which  his  scji»am  dignified.    Alas ! 
For  what  thou  art  and  hast  been :    Ichahod, 
Thx  glor\-  hath  departed ! 

\Ve  now  conclode  with  a  specimen 
of  tbe  writer's  poems  in  another  and 
brighter  style. 

Ova  Wbddixg  Dat. 
ifoa. 


1. 
Our  ««sUmc  day  *  our  wedding  day  *. 

And  *tis  a  bneht  and  batany  mora  : 
Ihit  thou.  ala» '  art  Ikr  away. 

And  I  in  heart  anJ  home  forlom. 
This  thirteenth  year  nf  lore  and  pMce, 

With  small  alloy  of  squally  weather,— 
Ah '  ^hv  must  gwd  old  customs  cease  • 

is^koald  find  as.  like  past  rrars,  together. 


1844.] 


Miicellaneous  Reviewi. 


2S3 


But  happier  is  thy  lot  ihan  mine,  [thee, 

For  thou  hast  those  dear  youngliiijg^s  near 

RoiincI    whom    thy   heart-ttrings  twiit  aad 

twine,  [thee, 

Whoae  stniles,  withceaaeleaa  aunshmc,  cheer 
There's  Geran)  with  hl«  calm  grave  eye, 

Anrt  Geoffi-ey*!  che«lca  as  red  o  may  be, 
And  early  pated  saucy  Ty, 

And  Ma^,  the  loveliest  earthly  baliy. 

And  in  the  dear  old  Louse  thou  art, 

My  childhood 'a  home,  my  manhood's  vision , 
Whose  ever>'  chamber  to  ray  heart 

RecalU  past  joys  and  dreams  elysitn. 
And  both  my  parents  lavish M  smiles 

Oa  thee,  their  own  adopted  daughter; 
Aud  Nature's  face  their  eye  beg^uiles 

With  rock  and  hiU  and  wood  and  water. 


Eut  I— about  my  bouse  I  roam, 

My  lonely  house,  my  cheerless  dwelling, 
Which  wears  no  more  the  look  of  horne^ 

Tho*  still  of  home's  lost  comforts  telling^. 
My  children's  toy?  lie  scatter'd  round, 

Their  lioops  and  balls,  and  rakes  and  rattle, 
And  flags  about  the  garden  found, 

M«iiiorial9  brave  of  miMic  battles. 

Hit  gwdeti  I  how  its  borders  look  t 
Rank  weeds  are  trailing  round  the  edges ; 

Th«  pair  who  late  its  charge  forsook^ 
Were  not  exactly  ffunlen  hedges. 


Tlic  roof  is  rent  from  off  the  bower, 
And  sun  and  ittars  and  sky  look  thro*  it ; 

And  thunder-storm  and  summer  showor. 
In  scat,  and  Hoor,  uud  side  bestrew  it. 

VI » 

And  fiincy*a  voice  seems  tuneless  now^ 

AHho*  she  sings  as  sweet  as  evcFj 
And  Jess  has  lost  her  blithe  bo w-woWf 

And  Pam  has  caught  a  nervous  fever. 
Even  Sally's  smiles  no  more  delight— 

Even  Dulcy^s  brow  is  cold  and  cloudei^l  i 
In  short,  whatever  once  lookM  bright, 

Is  now  in  gloom  completely  shrouded* 


At  night,  when  I  to  bedrepair» 

I  find  but  one  poor  lonely  pillow } 
And  round  my  browa  are  fain  to  wear 

For  nuptial  wreath  the  weeping  willow  i 
And  Tiny'e  crib  i«  at  my  side, 

And  for  its  company  I  thank  it ; 
But  it  has  lost  its  crown  and  pride. 

Yea  9  e'en  its  counterpane  and  blanket. 


Oiir  wedding  day !  our  wedding  day  I 

How  dismal  'tis  1  how  dull  and  stupid! 
^Vlas  [  that  wives  from  home  should  stray, 

And  Hymen  prove  as  false  as  Cnpid. 
Return,  return,  thou  spouse  of  mine. 

Bring  all  our  olive  buds  about  thee, 
And  cheer  with  those  bright  smiles  of  thine 

This  heart  so  dreary-dark  without  thee* 


Tki  Life  of  lieuchlifi.  By  Francis 
fiflj'haiit,  N^. — Thii  volume  may  be  read 
with  Jorttn'a  Life  of  Erasmus,  and  other 
hiDgraphies  of  those  illustrious  schulara 
aod  churchmen  who  were  iu&Crumeoital  in 
spreading  the  tight  of  knowledge,  both 
saored  and  profane,  oyer  the  darkened 
twee  of  Europe.  The  Life  of  Rcuchlin 
had  been  written  by  Mai  us,  in  Latiti,  a 
book  of  rare  occurence,  and  by  othert ; 
and  a  tolerably  full  account  of  him  may  be 

t  found  in  D'Aubigne^s  History  of  the  Re- 
formation ;  but,  on  the  whole,  Mr.  Bar- 
ham's  biography  is  the  most  complete, 
rectifying  some  errors,  and  supplying  some 
omissions  found  in  the  others.  There  is 
aUo  in  this  volume  the  most  correct  ood 
copious  account  we  have  met  with  of  the 
history  and  authorship  of  the  thrice 
famous  Epiatol«  Obscurorum  Virorum  ; 
a  work  whose  fume  once  sounded  throagb 
alt  Europe,  but  which— partly  owing  to 
the  language  in  which  it  ia  written,  partly 
to  the  extreme  coarseness  of  its  jokes  and 
wit,  and  partly  to  the  subject  being  no 
longer  of  interest — is  scarcely  ever 
opened  by  scholars ;  but  to  those  whose 
MtomachM  are  not  queaty,  it  will  still  repay 
the  peniaal.  When  Malttaire  edited  this 
book  he  dedicated  it  to  Sir  R.  St^le,  and 


both  the  editor  and  patrou  tootc  it  for  t 
serious  and  genuine  work* 

Rivers's  Rote  Jmatwur'*  Guide,  ^Sd 
Ed* — No  one  would  in  the  present  day 
any  more  think  of  smelling  one  of  the  old 
roses,  than  be  would  think  of  eating  one 
of  the  old  melons,  or  riding  in  one  of  the 
oid  stage  coaches.  We  can  now  have 
roses  all  the  year  round,  gratifying  both 
the  sight  and  smell,  at  once  heautiful  and 
fragrant ;  and  if  we  escape  frosts  and  haiU 
storms  in  June,  for  one  sammer*monch, 
England,  or  at  least  a  small  part  of  it, 
may  look  like  the  valley  of  Cashmeer,  and 
the  Chiswick  gardens  rejoioe  in  the  riche« 
of  their  sestival  bloom.  Mr,  Rivers  will 
be  the  best  guide  on  this  subject  that  can 
be  taken ;  he  understands  all  that  can  be 
said  on  the  Provence  roses,  the  moss,  the 
Bourbon,  the  French,  the  hybrid  per* 
pctuals,  the  Bengal,  bonrsaults,  the 
tea-scented,  the  musk,  the  Macartney, 
cum  muliut  aliiM;  and  if  any  person  wishes 
for  a  telectian  from  this  rose-wilderacM, 
he  will  make  one,  and  has  a  list  for 
that  purpose  (p.  200),  The  book  is  uo* 
ciceptionably  the  best  of  the  kind  that 
ever  was  published,  and  indeed  suppUei 
all  the  information  that  comld  be  detlrsd* 


L 


m 


Uiif$Hmamu 


IP4*c». 


In  a  fly-U»f  of  Mr  oopy  wb  find  tbt  ioU 
lowing  Uam  writun  in  peodl. 

ToMiM      «      •      « 
AtoTfty  tnd  beaatiftil  rose  yon  appHirM. 
AU  blushing  and  btooming  as  heart  couM 
desire; 
No  change  I  expected,  no  teding  I  ttu*d  -, 
Nor  deeiB*d  that  tranaiSorai^d  was  a  thing  lo 
endcar'd 
Prom  my   "  fttttr   L'aiqup "  to  an  old 
«« Yilknr  Biiar." 

Seliet  Puett  from  the  hoems  t^  H\ 
Wonincorth, — A  jadicioni  selection  from 
the  poetry  of  oar  great  Bard,  vbicb  u  de- 
dicated to  the  Queen,  ••  a  volume  ftill 
'*  of  imagea  of  painting  and  beauty,  and  of 
lessons  of  truth  and  loyalty.*'  We  ex- 
tract a  poem,  which  it  among  those  that 
have  been  lately  added  to  the  Poet*s 
works,  and  not  much  known. 

oil  THi  laicTiox  or  rtdal  chapbl. 

WBbTMOaBLAND.* 

Whrn  In  the  antique  age  of  bow  and  spear. 
And  feudal  rapine  clothed  in  iron  mail, 

Came  ministers  of  peace,  intent  to  rear 
The  Mother  Church  in  yon  sequestcr'd  vale. 

Then  to  her  pstron-salnt  a  previous  rite 
Resounded  with  deep  swell  and  solemn  close 

Through  unremitting  vigils  of  the  niglit» 
Till  from  his  couch  the  wished-for  sun  arose. 

He  rose,  snd  Rtraight,  ss  by  divine  commanil, 
They  who  had  waited  for  that  sign  to  trace 

Their  work's  foundation,  g^vc  with  careful  hand 
To  the  high  altar  its  determin'd  place. 

Mlndftd  of  Him  who,  in  the  Orient  bom, 

There  lived,  and  on  the  cross  his  life  resignM, 
And  who,  from  out  the  reicion  of  the  morn 

lasning  in  pomp,  shall  come  to  judg^e  man- 
kind, 
■otanght  Meir  creed— nor  fsird  the  eastern 
•ky. 

'Mid  these  more  awful  feelings,  to  iofase 
nc  sweet  and  natural  hopes  that  shall  not  die 

Long  as  the  sun  his  gladsome  course  renews. 


Por  us  hath  rach  imlipln  visll  c 
Tot  sUU  we  plant,  liko  tftM^  <tf  «Uflr  *HL 

Our  Christian  altar  IMtklU  to  tte  Siif^nn 
^^htfp  tha  SuV-  —  -  •  ■     ^^^  •^" 


That  obfioQa  emblem  girkic  to  tteifv 
OfBCtk  drfotkm»wluck«raBWtott 

That  pymhol  of  thcdagipii^  frWBM 
l^iumphant  o'tr  tha  4$Aaam  «f  Ik 


*  "  Our  churches  invariably  perhaps 
ptand  east  and  west,  but  tckjf  is  to  few  per 
^na  exaeily  known,  nor  thst  the  degree 
of  deviation  from  dtu  east,  noticeable 
often  in  the  ancient  ones,  was  determined 
in  each  particular  case  by  the  point  in  tbe 
Loriion  at  which  the  sun  rose  upon  the 
qay  of  the  saint  to  whom  the  church  was 
dedicated.  These  obserrances  of  our 
anoestors,  and  the  causes  of  them,  are  the 

Ebject  of  these  stanzas."  The  fsct  men- 
»ned  here  by  tho  poet,  and  the  cause,  ii 
pcrfooUy  known  to  persons  conversant 
with  ecclesiastical  anttquitv.  Facta  con- 
poctod  with  the  same  subject,  more  cn- 
jrloas»  fnd  nuch  less  knowui  might  hare 
Vtw  P0l|ito4  pot.-rEKT. 


Jvrtk  the  natTM,  dj4mmft,  end  ^^t* 
qf  Fntk,  Bjf  m  Mfan  La^Kun.  Fes, 
8fN).  m,  xh'.  31^.— The  author  of  the 
Natural  History  of  EotbusiA^m  has  i«. 
marked,  that  ''a  writer  and  9  UjinAn  is 
no  recognised  functiaiury  in  the  Clinrcb ; 
he  may  therdTore  ahoo#e  hui  tt>-lfi  without 
violating anyni! t-s  ^>x  1 1  r i... ^ •  r I e s i -r%  o f  .j r^ .-^e, " 
(p.  21.)  Tlio  Tolnnt  aw  JicfiooT^u 
makes  no  obtrusiTe  profeaai«Mia ;  h  ap. 
pears  to  have  resulted,  aa  Ikr  na  style  ia 
concerned,  from  the  frequent  peraeal  of 
expontions  and  iemona ;  and,  if  it  h^ 
not  openly  professed  to  be  writtca  l|p  a 
layman,  we  should  have  presomc^l  it  to 
be  the  production  of  a  deifymaa.  Tlie 
title,  perhaps,  ia  not  so  denr  ag  {t  ovklbt 
to  be,  for  some  would  lofiBr  that  van 
Indian  layman'*  meant  a  ncfwvindian, 
though  it  probably  means  n  lay  sun  wlio 
has  passed  part  of  hia  liie  in  India.  We 
are  not  aware  that  the  ehaptor  lion  (i^y^ 
of  has  previously  formed  the  pptfloct  of  a 
volume  ;  the  idea  of  gron|Hng  the  aereral 
characters  mentioned  in  it  waa  a  fbrtnnate 
one;  and  the  author  hu  sfitlpfoa^rily 
executed  his  task,  u  we  can  jnirtly  m$ 
after  an  attentive  perasal.  Wo  ir|^,^. 
deed,  that  he  had  learned  to  rnifipriwi 
his  sentences,  ibr  periods  of  twenbrH^ 
lines  (such  as  occur  at  pp.  9  and  69j  Oi- 
ceed  the  powers  of  most  readecf  (o  ftUow 
the  clue.  To  the  errata,  whidi  are  pilt 
numerous,  we  may  add  fdo/ofraiit  f^ 
indolatrous  at  p.  SI 4.  The  author'aicd* 
denoe  in  India  supplies  him  ^th  oecn- 
sional  matter  of  illustration;  and  we 
would  respectfully  invite  the  attentioif  of 
persons  in  high  places  to  the  abuao  al- 
luded to  at  page  126. 

A  Pa$tor*t  Memorial  tfJBm^  fmd  Ma 
Holy  Land.  By  Ike  Bet.  G.  Fiak.  800. 
jjtp,  air.  461. — It  is  curious  that  th^  aio 
two  volumes  of  Travels  in  Palestine  by 
persons  of  the  name  of  Fiski  the  one  0 
memoir  of  an  American  missionary,  tlio 
other  by  the  Vicar  of  Walsall  in  Staibcd- 
ahire,  which  is  now  lying  before  ns.  The 
journey  wu  undertaken  vrith  the  motivo 
of  employina  the  mind  beneficially,  both 
for  the  author  himself  and  his  ito^, 
during  a  time  of  *'  broken  health  and  nn- 
Atoeas  for  the  toila  of  parochial  doty;* 
and  tho  muntm  iras  prjiyippWl  Bf9f 


1844.] 


fftm  Pubiicatwuf. 


iu 


I 

\ 


wed  for  tb«ir  pei:ua«i.  Without  fico- 
iBMiag  tQ  add  much  to  lh£  accoanti  of 
otb^Tfr  it  is  very  pte^singly  written,  a.ad 
coQtmim  cont iderable  iaformatioa.  There 
ii  A  tbort  lilt  of  errata,  to  which  vve  would 
tdd,  p,  lU,  Fevr^  for  Peyrae.  and  at  p, 
1^,  Sir  F,  Henniker  for  Sir  /.  Henin. 
ker«  In  what  s^ase  does  the  author 
mean  tbit  "  Germankus  subdued  the 
Egyptian  empire  ?*^  (p.  108.)  At  p.  119, 
If  hen  he  &&y9  that  in  the  diesert  of  Sue^ 
''  liie  9ke%9  of  ^xvfA  b  positively  neces- 
i«ry,  even  for  men  of  peace/*  he  illujt- 
trpteit  ^ithoul  remarking  it^  the  lan- 
guage of  Luke  xxii.  3G,  '*  He  that  hath 
AO  iword/'  &c-  ^ut  it  would  be  endlea& 
to  quote  ifom  ao  copious  a  TolutDe. 


Atmuat  Supplemerkt  io  WiOich'a  Tithe 

CommiUaiion   Tablet.    Royai  8to. — This 

t»  the  filth  annual  addition  to  Mr.  Wil- 

lich^i   original   tables.      It  appears   that 

**  the  average  prices  for  luat  year  were  only 

50f.  Id.  per  impL  qr.  for  wheat» 

i9r  6d.  ,r  barley, 

Hi.id,  ,,  oata; 

while  the  average  pricea  for  seren  yeori  to 

Chriatmas  laat,  amount  to 

61  #«  2Jr  per  impL  qr.  for  wheat. 

32*.  4d.  ,,  barley  I 

2Ss,4d,  n  oata; 

$nA  each  lOOL  of  rent-charge  in  1B44  will 

amount  to  104/.  3*.  ^d.,  or  U.  8f.  Bd. 

ess  per  cent,  than  last  year. 


I 


Prelimii^rjf  B-fercitaiiom  to  tfu  Ear- 
potition  q/  the  Epi^tfe  to  the  IMre^^t. 
By  John  Oweu,  D.D,  Complete  in  one 
VQiume,  Hvo.  pp,  Jtvi.  750. — The  bulk  of 
Owen's  celebrated  commentary  on  the 
Hebrews,  comprijuing  four  volumes  in  the 
original  folio  editton,  and  sereu  in  the 
nod  era  octavo ,  and  even  four  iji  the 
abridgement  hv  Dr.  Wtliiamfl,  is  more 
calculated  tj  deter  readers  by  its  size, 
th^  to  inYite  them  by  its  copiousness. 
iknd,  aUhnngb  much  must  be  learned  from 
a  work  of  thai  extent,  «till  separate  books 
of  Scripture  are  studied  to  more  advantage 
in  shorter  onr« ;  for  their  chief  utility 
lief  in  consul  ting  them  on  single  texts 
or  passages  where  the  dilution  of  the  sub- 
ject is  leas  prcjudiiush  The  several 
volnmes  of  br.  Owen's  work  were  pub- 
Ushed  at  diSerent   times,  from   lGt)B  to 


16@4 1  and  the  E^ercltatious  (or  E^icur^m^ 
as  tbey  would  now  be  called)  were  pre* 
iixed  to  each  separate  portion.  M  r.  Ormet 
who  is  also  knowu  as  the  biographer  of 
Owen,  remarks  in  his  Bibliotheca 
Biblica,  that  *'  the  Preliminary  Exerci- 
tations  ....  supply  an  immense  mass  of 
learned  information  on  all  the  important 
points  of  the  Jewish  controversy/*  The 
subjects  discussed  are  principally,  the 
geauioeoess  and  authorship  of  the  epistle; 
the  proof  of  Christ's    '  p  ;   the 

nature  of  the  Jewish  bv,  J,  and 

sacrifices ;  the  covenant  uiiu  uthces  of 
Christ ;  nnd  the  Jewish  and  Chrialian 
Snbbatb'f  It  is  only  now  that  they  have 
anpeved  in  a  separate  form,  for  which 
the  student  will  feel  obliged  to  the  pub- 
lisher (Mr.  Tegg),  as  he  is  thus  spared 
the  purchasing  of  the  entire  work,  and 
enabled  to  combine  the  Exercitations  with 
any  other  commentary  that  he  is  in  the 
habit  of  using. 


Lodge*9  Peerage  qf  the  Britith  Empire. 
TAirteetith  Edition, — The  impression  for 
1844  of  this  very  useful  work  has  the 
advantage  of  its  predecessors  not  only  in 
the  accession  of  information  winch  has 
arisen  from  the  course  of  events,  but  from 
the  addition  of  the  country-se^ts  to  the 
names  of  the  alliances,  an  item  of  intor* 
mation  for  which  alooe  it  was  necessary  to 
consult  other  works  of  the  kind.  There 
can,  therefore,  now  be  no  do»ibt  that 
Lodgers  Peerage  couiprises  io  an  un- 
rivalled degree  those  ingredients  which 
can  reasoni^ly  be  expected  in  such  a  work. 
To  this  edition  is  also  prefixed,  for  the 
first  time,  an  Historical  View  of  the 
Peerage,  and  its  several  grades  and  digni- 
ties. The  cuts  of  arms  last  engraved  are 
much  better  than  the  previous  insertions, 
which  formed  a  frightful  mixture  in  the 
beautiful  series  by  Wiliiams  ;  and  we  shall 
hope  to  sec  such  as  those  of  l^rd  Bate- 
man,,  Lord  Hatberton,  Lord  Western,  &4:* 
wholly  superseded  next  year. 


•  The  eleventh  essny,  ''  On  the  Faith 
of  the  Jews  concerning  the  Messiah," 
contains  a  curi<jus  account  of  Armillu#( 
\hv  future  Jewish  Antichrist. 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE 


KIW  PUBLIC ATlON»4. 

Uittory  and  Biography, 

The  Park  Ages:  a  Series  of  Esaays 
Intended  to  illustrate  the  State  of  R«li- 
gloQ  M^d  Literature  io  the  Ninth,  Tenth, 


Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Centuries.  Re- 
printed ^m  the  British  Mngazine,  with 
Corrections  and  some  Additioua.  }\j  the 
Rev.  S.  R.  MiLiTLaKD,  F.R.S.  and  F.S.A, 
dvo.  12#. 
MonastlG  and  Social  Life  io  the  TwsUth 


L 


206 


New  PMbUeaikmi. 


\}twtA, 


Centary,  is  exemplified  in  the  Chronicles 
of  JoceUne  of  Brakelond  (1173.1202.) 
TrtntUted,  with  Notes,  Introduction,  9cc, 
bj  T.  E.  ToMLixs,  esq.  from  the  original 
Latin,  as  printed  by  the  Camden  Society, 
under  the  superintendence  of  John  Gage 
RoKBWODB,  esq.  F.R.S.  Dir.  S.A.  Royal 
8to.  2s, 

Ireland,  Historical  and  Statistical.  By 
G.  Lewis  Smyth.     Part  1.  8ro.     3«. 

Sketches  of  Irish  History,  Antiquities, 
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A  History  of  the  Operations  of  a  Parti- 
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daring  the  War  of  the  American  Revolu- 
tion. Illustrated  by  ten  engraved  Plates  of 
Actions,  &c.    8to.  14s. 

Biographical  Illustrations  of  Westmin- 
ster Abbey.  By  Georgk  Lewis  Smith. 
Part  2  (completion),  royal  8vo.  3#.  6d, 

Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  Mrs. 
Grant,  of  Laggan,  Author  of  "  Letters 
from  the  Mountains,"  &c.  Edited  by 
her  Son,  J.  P.  Grant,  esq.  3  vols,  post 
8vo.   3 Is.  6(/. 

Memoirs  of  William  Smith,  LL.D.  Au- 
thor  of  the  «*  Map  of  the  Strata  of  Eng- 
land  and  Wales."  By  his  Nephew  and 
Pupil,  John  Phillips,  F.R.S.  F.G.S. 
8?o.  7«.  6d. 

Brief  Sketch  of  the  Life  of  the  late 
Miss  Sirah  Martin,  of  Great  Yarmouth  ; 
with  Extracts  from  the  ParliamenUry  Re- 
port on  Prisons,  her  own  Prison  Journals, 
9te.    Post  8vo.  2«.  6d. 

Poliiic*  and  StatUtict, 

Distress  of  the  Nation,  its  Causes  and 
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Letter  to  the  Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Robert  Peel, 
Bart,  on  Free  Trade  and  Finance.  By  a 
Member  of  the  Middle  Temple.     8vo.  Ii. 

How  to  Tax,  and  What  to  Tax  :  with  a 
Word  to  the  Anti-Corn- Law  League.  By 
Ethros.    8vo.  U. 

Com  Laws,  Free  Trade,  and  Coloniza- 
tion considered,  in  a  Letter  to  Richard 
Cobden,  Esq.  &c.  By  a  Manchester 
Man.     8vo.    li. 

Identity  of  Interest  between  Landlord, 
Tenant,  Farmer,  and  Farm-Labourer,  as 
deduced  from  "  Morton  on  Soils.'*  By 
Edm.  J.  Smith.     8vo.  li. 

Ireland  before  and  after  the  Union  with 
Great  Britain.  By  R.  Montgomery 
Martin,  esq.     8to.  10s.  ^d. 

The  Irish  Question  considered  in  its 
Integrity.  By  Viscount  Wellbsley. 
8vo.    6#. 

Hie  Two  Unioiu  Contruted,  tad  their 


Effects  OR  Ireland  tad  Beotliad  Com* 
pared,  in  a  Letter  to  Francia  Jeffray,  oae 
of  the  Lords  of  the  Wwiioii  in  Sootkad. 
8to.     U.  6J. 

Remarks  by  a  Junior  to  his  Senior  on 
an  Article  in  the  Edinburfh  Rerisw  of 
January,  1844,  on  the  Statn  of  Irdand, 
and  the  Measures  for  Its  ImproveaMnt. 
8vo.     U.  6(f. 

The  Year  *98 ;  being  anoUMr  and 
truer  Ballad  Venion  of  the  Erentn  oTtte 
Year  of  the  Great  Irish  Rebellioii.  Poet 
8vo.  6<f. 

Speech,  as  prepered  by  tlie  late  Rt. 
Hon.  Speneer  Percefil,  for  the  DelMte  on 
the  first  Roman  CathoUe  Petition  to  An 
U  nited  Parliament,  13th  May,  1805.  Bf 
DvDLBY  Pbrcbyal,  esq.    8to.    4a. 

The  Monster  Misery  of  Irdand  :  a 
Practical  Treatise  on  the  relation  of  Land- 
lord  and  Tenant,  the  resnlt  of  abore  Thirty 
Years*  Experience  and  Stndyof  the  mWect. 
By  John  Wiooins,  esq.  F.G.S.  FOit 
8vo.     lOt.  Qd, 

The  conduct  of  the  Resident  Landlords 
of  Ireland  contrasted  with  that  of  the 
Absentees,  and  Taxation  as  a  remedy  for 
Absenteeism  demonstrated  to  be  neeea* 
sary,  just,  and  constitntionaL  By  W.  R. 
Ankktel,  esq.  8vo,  U. 

A  Letter  respectfully  addreaaed  to  tiie 
Right  Hon.  Sir  R.  Peel,  Bart  First  Lofd 
of  the  Treasury,  on  the  Restoration  of 
Suffragan  Bishops.  By  the  Rer.  Thomas 
Lathbury,  M.A.    8to.  Is. 

Case  of  the  Ameers  of  Sdnde,  Speechei 
of  Capt.  William  Eastwick  and  J.  Snlli. 
van,  esq.  at  a  Special  Court  held  at  the 
India  House  Jan.  26th,  1844.  8to.  St.  M. 

Peter  Playfair*s  Correspondenee  witt 
the  Editor  of  the  Times  Journal  on  Banki 
of  Issue.  Republished  by  the  Anthor, 
William  Tait.    8vo.  Is.  6J. 

State  and  Prospects  of  Pfcnny  Poatago, 
as  developed  in  the  Evidence  taken  befbre 
the  Postage  Committee  of  1843;  widi 
incidental  Remarks  on  the  Testimony  of 
the  Post  Office  Authorities,  and  an  Ap* 
nendix  of  Correspondence.  By  Rowlakd 
Hill.    8vo.  Is.  G(f. 

Metropolitan  Charities ;  being  an  Ac* 
count  of  the  Charitable,  BenercHent,  and 
Religious  Societies,  8cc.     12mo.  ftt.  6rf. 

Guide  to  Government  Sitoationa; 
shewing  the  Extent,  Nature,  and  Valne 
of  the  Government  Civil  Patronage,  with 
the  manner  of  its  disposal.     18 mo.  Sr. 

Principles  of  Education  Praetieally 
Considered :  with  an  especial  Reference 
to  the  present  State  of  Female  Education 
in  England.  By  M.  A.  Stodart,  An* 
thor  of  "  Every.  Day  DuUes."  5s. 

Wrongs  of  Womsn.  By  Charlotts 
Elizabeth    3  vols.  18mo.  8«. 

Utilitarianiim  Vnmaakcd :  ■  Letter  tm 


1B44,-] 


New  PuhUcalions, 


287 


tbe  Rev.  M,  A,  Gathereole,  on  the  Life, 
Deaths  and  Philosopbj  of  Jeremy  Bcn- 
thiiiDa  ;  forming  a  Supplement  to  the  8th 
urticlc  in  No.  UH  of  the  Edinburgh  Re- 
view. By  the  Rev.  Jorn  F.  Colls^ 
D.D.     «vo.  1*.  64* 

TtaeeU  and   Thpoffraphy. 

Modern  Egypt  and  Thebes*  being  a 
Description  of  Egypt,  mchuling  the  in- 
formatioQ  required  for  Travellers  in  that 
Country.  By  Sir  Gardnrb  Wilkix* 
■ov,  F.R.S.  8cc*  2  vols*  8vo.  with  wood- 
coti  and  a  map,  42». 

Survey  of  the  Holy  Land,  its  Geogra- 
phy, History,  and  Destiny,  (designed  to 
elaeidate  the  imagery  of  Scripture*  and 
demonstrate  the  fullilmeiit  of  Prophecy. 
By  J.  T.  Bannister.  With  nn  Intra- 
ductioR,  by  the  Rev.  W.  Marsh,  D.D. 
8vo.  14#» 

A  Description,  Historical  and  Topo- 
graphical, of  Genoa,  with  Remarks  on  the 
Climate,  and  its  influence  upon  Invalids. 
By  Henry  Joxks  Bunnf.tt,  M,D,,  Re- 
sident Fbyiician  and  late  Assistant  In- 
spector-General of  Hospitals  in  Spain. 
l3mo.  4t, 

Traveller's  Handbook  for  Gibraltar, 
with  observations  on  the  anrrounding 
Country,  By  an  Old  Inhabitant,  IlUis- 
tJ-ated  with  7  Views  and  a  Chart.     -4*. 

Dimniiy, 

Horte  Apocalypticfe,  or  a  Commentary 
on  tbe  Apocalypse,  Critical  and  Histori- 
cal ;  including  also  an  Examination  of  tbe 
Chief  Prophecies  of  Daniel,  illustrated  by 
an  Apocalyptic  Chart,  and  sundry  En- 
graving!  from  Medali,  and  other  extant 
Monuments  of  Antiquity-  By  the  Rev. 
E.  B.  EiLiorr,  A.M.  3  vols/svo.  36*. 

The  Literature  of  the  Church  of  Enij- 
land  indicated  in  pelections  from  the  writ- 
ings of  Eminent  Divines  ;  with  memoirs 
of  their  lives,  and  hbtoricnl  sketches  of 
the  timea  in  which  they  lived.  By  the 
Rev.RrcH  ARD  Cattbrmole,  B.D.  3  vols. 
evo.  ^5#. 

Morning  Exercises  at  Cripplegate,  St. 
OUea's-in-the-Fields,  and  in  South wurk  ; 
toeing  divers  Sermons  preached  A.D.  IttMi 
— 168G,  by  several  Ministers  of  the  Gos- 
pel in  or  near  London.  Fifth  edition » 
carefully  collated  and  corrected,  with 
Notea  and  Translations  by  Jamcsi  Nt- 
CROLSi  Editor  of  Fuller's  Cburch  History. 
6  vols.  8vo.  VoL  I,  12#. 

BtJNYAN*s  Pilgrim's  Progreaa, converted 
into  an  Epic  Poem,  according  to  the  sug- 
gestion of  the  late  Dr.  Adam  Clarke.  By 
C.  C.  V.  G,  Authoress  of  **  An  Anatomy 
of  the  Affections,'*  &c.  With  a  Life  of 
John  Bnnyan,  the  Author,  by  Rorkrt 
HCRD  WSTUKltlLL,  Esq.    WottO.   G#,  bW. 


The  Past  and  Prospective  Extension  of 
the  Gospel  by  Missions  to  the  Heathen, 
considered  in  Eight  Lectures  before  the 
University  of  Oxford,  in  the  year  1843, 
at  the  Lecture  founded  by  John  Bampton, 
M.A*  Canon  of  Salisbury*  By  Antthony 
GttANT,  D.C.L.  aro.   I  Or.  6rf. 

The  Primitive  Cburch  in  its  Episco- 
pacy, with  an  Essay  on  Unity,  and  Coun* 
ftcl  for  the  Present  Times.  By  the  Au- 
thor of  **  Doctor  Hook  well."  Post  8vo.  9f. 

History  of  Chrtstianity,  from  its  Pro- 
mulgation to  its  Legal  Establishment  in 
the  Roman  Empire.  By  W.  Coqre  Tay* 
LOR,  LL.D.  6*.  6 J. 

Gospel  .\nalogies,  and  other  Sermons. 
By  the  Rev.  R,  Govktt,  Jun.  15mo.  7** 

Sermons  preached  at  St.  MichaePs, 
Aberyatwith.  By  the  Rev,  John  Huosrs^ 
the  Incumbent,  8vo,  7«, 

Sabbflth  Companion  i  being  Essays  on 
First  Prineiples  of  Christian  Faith  and 
Practice  ;  designed  especially  for  the  use 
of  Young  Persons.  By  Thomas  Dale, 
M.A.  bV.  6rf. 

Posthumous  Sermonp.  By  the  Rev. 
Henry  Blunt,  A.M.  late  Rector  of 
Streatham.  12 mo.  Cut, 

The  Promised  Glory  of  the  Church  of 
Christ.     By  the  Rev.  Edward  Bickkr- 

STETH.   5*. 

Life  and  Times  of  the  Prophet  Samuel* 
By  ■  Grandfather.  5#. 

Village  Sermons.  By  Arthur  Ro- 
urRTs,  M,A.  Rector  of  Woodri sing,  Nor- 
folk. Vol,  V.  PJmo.  4#.  6d. 

iScripturc  Truths  in  Veree,  for  the  Use 
of  the  Young ;  being  an  attempt  to  ex- 
hibit, in  easy  Descriptive  Poetry,  some  of 
the  all -important  Lessons  contained  in 
the  Old  Testament  Scriptures.     4#, 

The  Service  of  Heaven  ;  being  a  series 
of  Sermons  on  the  Revelation  of  St.  John 
the  Divio c.  By  the  Rev.  Walter  Mil* 
viiL  Wright,  Curate  ot  NaughtOD, 
ISrao.     3i  6d, 

Short  Family  Prayers,  for  every  Morn- 
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vurious  Eminent  Writers.  By  W.  Sol- 
tow,  esq.     IJmo.     3^. 

Occasional  Sermons  on  Doctrinal,  Ex- 
perimental, and  Practical  Subjects.  By 
Abraham  Scott,     li^mo.     .'j#. 

Lectures  on  Tran substantiation,  deli- 
vered at  St,  Stephen's  Church,  Norwich, 
Aug.  1843,  and  containing  an  Answer  to 
Chap,  9  of  Dr,  Wiseman's  Reply  to  the 
Dean  of  Westminster.  By  the  Rev.  E. 
C.  Kkmf,  M.A.     8vo.     2#.  GtL 

Elidba*s  Staff  in  the  Hend  of  Gehaxi, 
and  other  Sermons.     By  the  Rev.  Henry 
HopwooD,  M.A.     l$mo.     2*.  6rf. 
Tbe  Watchful  Provideact  of  God,    Six 


288 


New  PMie9imH9. 


8enn>Ds  f.ir  the  Timei.     By  the  Rer. 
Edward  Daltox.     18mo.     it.  6if. 

An.'ifnt  C'iristianitj  and  the  Doctrine 
of  th."  OxrorJ  Tract*  for  the  TiniM.  By 
thir  Aut!i'ir  of  •*  ^^juritual  De«poti«ni/' 
»ro.     ^;*.  (\d. 

New  Pulpit  Atfistant  ;  oontaininf  Out. 
Unet  and  Plans  of  Sermons  from  variou<« 
Evangelitral  Authorii :  with  Introdaotorr 
Oh^ervationa  on  Preaching^.  Br  a  London 
Mini:ttf*r.     32mo.    'Cm. 

Select  Piecfi.  Practical  and  Experi- 
mental, from  the  Works  of  the  Rev.  O. 
Wins  LOW.    3Smo.     2m. 

Thoughts  for  thobc  that  Mourn.  Ex- 
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Manning,  M.A.     2m, 

The  Way  which  some  call  Heresy  ;  or, 
Reasons  for  Separation  from  the  Esta- 
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tians of  flull.  By  Andrkw  Jvkem.  for- 
merly of  Trinity  Collfg^e,  Cambridge. 
19mo.    2m. 

Appeal  from  the  Church  to  the  Hopeful 
bur  Non- professing  Hearer,  with  suitable 
Rr flections  for  Professing  Christians.  By 
the  Rev.  Henry  EDWAmin,  Ph.  D.,  D.D. 
l«imo.     •>. 

Four  Homilies  upon  the  liicarnation  of 
our  Lord  Jetius  Christ,  commonly  called 
Super  Miiisus  cKf.  By  Abbot  Bernard. 
U.  Gd. 

1'he  Temple  better  than  Gold.  A  Ser- 
mon preached  before  the  University  of 
Oxford,  Jan.  J^,  IK44.  By  J  Garhett, 
M.A.  Profrrii«oror  Poetry,  and  Prebendary 
of  ChirliPhtrr.     «vo.      1».  I»rf. 

Skrtch  of  ihf  PhiloBOphy  of  Puseyism  : 
in  Srvrii  KMsnys.  By  John  Gwytber 
Ui'r.iiP.H,  eM|.  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
Barrifitpr-at-I^w.     8vo.     U.  Hd. 

Objections  to  the  Doctrine  set  forth  in 
Dr.  I>iisey*s  Sermon  preaclicd  before  the 
University  of  Oxford  on  the  Fourth  Sun- 
day after  Easter,  lH4:{,and  entitled  "The 
Holy  Euchariit  a  Comfort  to  the  Peni- 
tent."  By  the  Rrv.  R.  W.  Bosanqiet, 
«vo.     l«.  Cid. 

Sutherland  and  iht>  Suthcrlanders,  their 
Religious  and  Social  Condition,  or  the 
Duties  of  the  Church  and  Chieftain. 
Hvo.  iid, 

Principlf!*  and  Constitution  of  the 
Church  of  Christ,  as  delineated  in  the 
Holy  Scriptures.  By  the  Rev.  H.  W. 
WiLMAMS.   l2mo.   \M,4d. 

CliHrge  at  the  Geueral  Ordination  held 
Dec.  V4,  1H43,  by  Henry  Lord  Bishop 

ri|-  WoRf-KSTEn.   8vo.    U. 

The  Incarnation  considi^rcd  in  its  rela- 
ti<into(iur  Spiritual  Life  and  Duty;  a 
Farewell  Sermon  preached  at  Harrow*on- 
the-Hill.  on  Christmas  Day,  1843.  By 
the  R..V.  w.  F.  Wilkinson,  late  Cnrate. 
19mo.  Cul. 
8 


Songs,  Ballads,  and  otbcr  Poonf.  Bj 
the  late  Thomas  HatkksBatlt.  tXU 
ed  by  his  Widow,  with  a  Memmr  oT^ 
Author.     2  vols,  post  8vo.  2I«. 

Poems.      By  Mrs.   Framcis   Horn- 

BLOWER.   3l.  ad. 

Rhymes  for  the  Nursery.  By  the  An- 
chors  of  *•  Original  Poems."  lUvatntsd 
edition,  with  16  designs  by  Gilbert,  en.: 
graved  by  Wright  and  Folkird.  16^6. 
iM.  dd, 

Acro9ticana ;  consisting  of  AcrosCici, 
and  other  Poems,  adapted  for  TRlentincs, 
Albums.  S.-rap  Books,  &c. ;  to  wbi^  aie 
added,  some  Selections  fktnn  BHtUi 
Poets.     By  Lara.  ISmo.  If. 

XorelM,  7V/et,  ^. 

The  Prairie -Bird.  By  the  Ron. 
Charles  Avgi'stcs  Mvrrat.  3  voli. 
postKvo.  MM.6d, 

Jessie  Phillips,  a  Tale  of  the  Frteat 
Day.  By  Mrs.  Trollops.  8to.  wttb 
illnVtrations.  V2m. 

James  of  the  Hill :  a  Tale  of  the  T^tm- 
bles  of  Scotland,  A.D.  1630.  By  J.  A. 
Cameron,  esq.  3  vols.  post8vo.  3I«.  6kff. 

The  Secret  Passion.  By  the  Asthor  of 
*'  Shakspeare  and  his  Friends/*  &c.  3 
vols,  post  Pvn.  3U.  6d. 

The  Heretic.  Translated  from  Cha 
Russian  of  Lijetchnikoff,  by  Thomas 
B.  Sbaw,  B..\.  of  Cambridge.  3  Tola. 
post  8vo.  Mm.  6<f. 

The  Crock  of  Gold :  a  Rural  Nord. 
By  Martin  Farqubar  Tvpprr,  An- 
thorof"  Proverbial  Philosophy.'*  Crown 
»vo.  10«.  b*(f. 

Hie  Sisters,  or  England  and  Fhmoe ; 
a  Romance  of  Real  Life.  By  HnKKt 
CocKTON,  Author  of  ••  Valentine  Voi," 
&r.  Mvo.  Seventy  Engrarings.  7«.  6if. 

Literaivrf  and  Lanpngt. 

Fasciculus  Inscriptionum  Grwcamm 
quas  spud  sedes  Apocalypticas  Chartia 
mandatas,  et  nunc  denuo  iustauratas,  Ptk- 
f;itionibusque  et  Notis  instmctaa,  edidit 
J.  K.  Bailie.  4to.  lOf. 

iEschyli  Eumenides,  ad  codicum  manu- 
scriptorum  fidem  recognovit  et  notis,  max* 
imam  partem  criticis,  iustrazit  Gulibl- 
.MU8  Lin Av ODD,  M.A.  8vo.  8«. 

Traxinai  of  Sophocles,  with  Notes, 
Critical  and  Explanatory,  adapted  to  the 
use  of  Schools  and  Universities.  By  T. 
Mitchell,  A.M.  8vo.  5«. 

Ancient  Rhythmical  Art  recoTered ;  or, 
a  New  Method  of  explaining  the  Mctrieal 
Structure  of  a  Greek  Tragic  Chorus.  By 
the  late  William  O'Brien,  A.M.  Poat 
8vo.  5«. 

Theogony:  a  Genealogical  Mytiiology 


18M.T 


New  PuUieaiUmi. 


of  Ancient  Greece  and  Rome,  for  the  use 
of  Classical  Schools  and  Readers  of  the 
Classics  in  General.     8to.  3«. 
The  Gleaner.      Bf  Mrs.  C  J.  Par. 

KKRSON.   3  TOls.  post  8tO.    Sll. 

Results  of  Reading.  By  J.  Stamford 
Caldwell,  M.A.  Barrister-at-Law.  8vo. 
10«.  6d. 

Cultivation  of  the  Intellect :  a  Lecture 
delivered  at  the  Mechanics*  Institution, 
Hali&x.    By  P.  J.  Wright.    13nio.  6d. 

Universal  Class-Book :  a  New  Series 
of  Reading  Lessons.  By  Samuel  Maun- 
DBR.     13mo.  5m. 

Practical  English  Grammar,  containing 
a  complete  new  class  of  Exercises  adapt* 
ed  to  each  Rule,  and  constructed  on  a  plan 
entirely  new.  By  Marmaduks  Flower 
and  the  Rer.  W.  B.  Flower,  B.A. 
18mo.  2#. 

Jliedieine, 

Lectures  on  the  Theory  and  Practice  of 
Midwifery,  deliTered  in  the  Theatre  of  St. 
George's  Hospital.  By  Robert  Lee, 
M.D.  F.R.S.  &c..     15«. 

Anatomical  Manipulation :  or  the  Me- 
thod of  pursuing  Practical  Investigations 
in  Comparative  Anatomy  and  Physiology. 
By  Alfred  Tulk,  M.R.C.S.  and  Ar- 
thur Hbnfrby,  A.L.S.,  99. 

The  Influence  of  Climate,  and  other 
Agents,  on  the  Human  Constitution,  and 
an  Account  of  the  Epidemic  Fever  of 
Jamaica.  By  Robert  Armstrono, 
M.D.,  F.L.S.,  Deputy  Inspector  of  Hos- 
pitals and  Fleets,  &c.     8vo.     Ss. 

Phreno-magnet,  and  Mirror  of  Nature ! 
a  Record  of  Facts,  Experiments,  and  Dis- 
coveries in  Phrenology,  Magnetism,  &c. 
Edited  by  Spencer  C.  Hall,  l^nio.  6>. 

Rationale  of  Magnetism,  Animal  and 
Mental,  tested  by  Experiments  of  a  novel 
kind,  and  established  by  Facts.  By  Sam- 
uel Spurrbll.     16*mo.  li. 

Diseases  of  the  Lungs  from  Mechani- 
cal Causes,  and  Inquiries  into  the  Condi- 
tion of  the  Artisans  exposed  to  the  Inhal- 
ing of  Dust.  By  G.  C.  Holland,  esq. 
M.D.     8vo.    49.  6d. 

Practical  Chart  of  Diseases  of  the  Skin. 
By  George  A.  Walker.  Folded  in 
8vo.  doth  case.    3«. 

On  the  Extraordinary  Advantages  to  be 
derived  from  the  Use  of  Pure  Vinegar. 
8vo.    U. 

Law, 

Book  of  Costs  in  the  Courts  of  Queen*8 
Bencli,  Common  Pleas,  and  Exchequer, 
including  the  Crown  and  Queen's  Re- 
membrancer's Office,  also  in  Bankruptcy, 
and  the  Court  for  Relief  of  Insolvent 
Debtors,  in  CouTeyancing  and  Miscellane- 
ous Matters :  with  a  full  Index.  By 
OwiN  RiCHAmoa.    iSmo.    l&t. 

GxNT.  Ma«.  Vol.  XXI. 


Analytical  Digest  of  all  the  Reports  of 
Cases  decided  in  the  Courts  of  Common 
Law  and  Equity,  of  Appeal  and  Niai 
Prius,  and  in  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts,  in 
the  year  1843.  By  Henry  Jereict, 
esq.  Barrister-at-Law.     Royal  8vo.   99. 

Natural  Hittotyf  8fc. 

Natural  History  of  the  County  of  Staf- 
ford, comprising  its  Geology,  Zoology, 
Botany,  and  Meteorology  ;  also  its  Anti- 
quities, Topography,  Manufactures,  &c. 
By  Robert  Garner,  F.L.S.  8vo.  9U. 

Notes  on  Natural  History,  selected 
from  the  *'  Microscopic  Cabinet,"  Illus- 
trated by  Ten  coloured  Engravings  from 
original  drawings  made  by  C.  R.  Goring, 
M.D.  By  Andrew  Pritchard,  M.R.I. 
12mo.     5i. 

The  Book  of  Hardy  Flowers  ;  or.  Gar- 
dener's Edition  of  The  Botanic  Garden. 
By  B.  Maund,  F.L.S.  Imp.  4to.  12  co- 
loured plates,  containing  48  specimens. 
78.  6d. 

Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Pears,  with 
Directions  for  their  Culture,  and  Supple** 
ment  to  Catalogue  of  Fruits.  By  T. 
Rivers,  Jun.     Royal  8vo.     }s.  6d. 

Insects  aud  Reptiles :  with  their  Uses  to 
Man.     Square,  coloured  plates,  St.  6d. 

Conchology.  A  Systematic  Catalogue 
of  British  Land  and  Fresh-Water  Shells, 
for  labelling  collections,  &c.  containing  all 
the  Species  hitherto  discovered  in  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland.     8vo.     6d, 

Agriculture. 

Brief  Remarks  on  some  subjects  con- 
nected with  the  Choice  of  Wheat  for  Seed : 
interesting  to  Farmers,  Corn-Factors,  and 
Bakers.  By  Sir  G.  S.  Mackenzie,  Bart. 
F.R.SS.L.  &  E.  &c.     8vo.  6rf. 

Lecture  on  Artificial  or  Condensed  Ma- 
nures, delivered  to  the  Members  of  the 
Wellington  Farmers'  Club,  Dec.  18,  1843, 
by  T.  C.  Eyton,  esq.     8vo.  6(f. 

Science. 

The  Method  of  Nature ;  an  Oration. 
By  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson.  12mo.4(f. 

Applied  Chemistry,  in  Manufactures, 
Arts,  and  Domestic  Economy.  Edited 
by  Edward  Andrew  Parnbll,  Author 
of  '*  Elements  of  Chemical  Analysis/' 
&c.  Vol.  I.  8vo.     13*. 

An  Enquiry  into  the  Nature  of  the 
Simple  Bodies  of  Chemistry.  By  David 
Low,  F.R.S.E.     8vo.     6*. 

New  Theory  of  Gravitation.  By  Joseph 
Denison,  esq.     12mo.  3«.  6</. 

Elements  of  Arithmetic  and  Algebra, 
for  the  use  of  tj^e  Royal  Military  College. 
By  William  Scott,  M.A.F.R.A.S.  8to. 
16«. 

Year-Book  of  Facts  la  Scieaee  and  Art 
2P 


fM 


Literary  imi  SekWttJk  hiMligence. 


[HtfUA, 


etbiMtiflf^  tbe  ikioft  inaportant  Diteore- 
rfes  tnd  ImproTemeots  or  the  Past  Year. 
By  the  Editor  of  *'  The  Arcana  of  Sd- 
•nee/'  5«. 

ArehiteetMrt. 

Wbalb*!  Quarterly  Papers  on  Archi- 
tecture. Vol.  I.  1843.4,  41  engravingt, 
fliany  eotoared.    Royal  4to.  S4t. 

Wbalb's  Quarterly  Papen on  Engineer- 
ing. Vol.  I.  l(i43-4,  9S  engravingfl  on 
eop|)er  and  wood.     Royal  4to.  S4«. 

A  Paper  on  Monuments.  By  the  ReT. 
JoRW  AnMSTRONo,  Priest  Vicar  of  £z- 
-eter  Cathedral.  8?o.  with  engravings  oa 
wood.  If. 

Fin§  Jrts, 

A  Series  of  Views  representing  the 
Tournament  at  Eglinton.  Drawn  on 
Stone  by  Aubry  and  Soiellot,  from  Draw- 
ings  made  on  the  spot  by  J.  H.  Nixon. 
With  Historical  and  Descriptive  Notices 
by  the  Rev.  John  Richardson,  LL.B. 
Plain,  5/.  5«. ;  tinted,  6s.  6d. 

Illuminated  Illustrations  to  Froissart. 
From  the  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum. 
Royal  8vo.  37  plates.  2/  5#. 

Memorials  of  Westminster  School. 
Part  3  (completion),  with  13  Lithogra- 
phic  Illustrations,  Colombier  4co.  8#. ; 
large  paper,  16#. 

The  Creation  illustrated  by  Six  En- 
gravings on  Steel ;  exhibiting  the  Pro- 
gressive Advance  of  Creation  through  the 
Six  Days,  in  a  series  of  Letters  from  a 
Father  to  his  Children,  briefly  explaining, 
tuited  to  their  young  minds.  By  W.  G. 
Rbind.  5#. 

Spirts. 

The  Boy's  Treasury  of  Sports,  Pm- 
Cimes,  and  Recreations,  with  Four  Hun- 
dred Engravings.  By  Samusl  Wil- 
liams. 13mo.  7«.  6d. 

Backgammon,  its  History  and  Prae- 
tice.  By  the  Author  of  "Whist."  With 
illustrations  designed  by  Kennv  Meadows, 
nd  engraved  by  W.  Linton.  3t.  6d, 

Mutie. 

Mnsle  explained  to  the  World,  or  how 
'te  unde  •^■*'**  Music  and  enjoy  its  Per- 
so  unoer  pj^^j  ^j^^  French  of  Fbancis 
formancc„„.     5,. 

Jambs  f  Service  of  the  Anglo- Catholic 
Church.     8vo.  3t.  6if. 

Introductory  Lecture,  delivered  at 
King's  College.  London,  on  Friday,  Feb. 
S,  1844.  By  John  Hullah,  Profeasor 
of  Vocal  Mttrie.    8to.  1#. 

A  Vtev  H  Pifwiifciii  l»  lOai  by 


Thomas  Wbstoot,  Gent.  To  bo  odltdl 
by  the  Rev.  Gbokok  OLirxft  and  Tit* 
MAN  J0NB8,  esq.  of  Exeter,  in  snail 
quarto. 

The  Military  Antiquities  of  Kent :  fros 
the  Landing  of  Cesar  to  the  attack  of  tha 
Dutch  in  the  Medway.  By  the  Rev. 
Bbalb  Post,  B.C.L.  8vo.  lUustnted 
with  many  plates. 

The  first  united  edition  of  Sift  Thomas 
BftowNB*8  Religio  Medici  and  Christia* 
Morals,  the  latter  work  having  been  writ- 
ten as  a  continuation  of  the  former.  Tit 
*'  Religio  Medici  *'  seems  to  have  been  a 
favourite  book  of  Cowper's ;  and  the  pre- 
sent editor  (M.  Pbacb)  gives  a  ooUec« 
tion  of  parallel  passages  firom  **  Tha 
Task.'' 


Britannia, — Under  this  title  a  work 
of  some  interest  has  been  published  at 
Frankfort-on -  the-Maine.  It  is  a  selection 
from  the  works  of  the  English  poets  ift 
chronological  order,  from  the  Earl  of 
Surrey  to  the  present  time,  rendered  into 
German  verse,  and  printed  with  the  ori- 
ginal English  text.  The  German  lady, 
Louise  von  Ploennies,  who  has  produceid 
this  work,  has  executed  it  with  great 
spirit  and  fidelity,  giring  an  additional 
testimony  of  her  fismiliarity  with  our  lan- 
guage by  an  English  poem  to  the  memory 
of  Mrs.  Hemans. 

Tk€  Atlat  Newtpaper  pHtet  for  literal^ 
essays  have  been  adjudged  :  100/«  to  Mr. 
S.  Laing  of  Cambridge  University ;  501. 
to  the  initials  B.  C.  E. ;  and  25/.  to  Mr. 
Baines,  junr.  of  Leeds. 

The  Haymarket  Piay^Prise. -^The 
number  of  plays  sent  in  to  Mr.  Webster 
to  compete  for  his  premium  of  500/.  for 
the  best  have  amounted  to  only  one  hun- 
dred and  seven.  Of  these  six  were  too 
late  ;  the  remaining  101  are  submitted  to 
the  decision  of  the  nmpifss  who  have  ac- 
cepted ofBce. 

—  The  library  of  Mr.  Black,  late  editifr 
of  the  Morning  Chirmicle,  was  February 
16th  submitt^  to  public  competition 
at  Sotheby's  rooms,  Wellington -street, 
Strand.  The  catalogue  contained  the 
titles  of  between  three  and  four  thousand 
volumes,  embracing  the  works  of  the 
most  distinguished  ancient  and  modern 
authors. 


AMtrotmmieal  BoeMy,  Feb,  9.— At  the 
aimiversary  meeting  the  following  noble- 
men and  gentlemen  were  elected  officeri 
and  comoU  for  tha  year : — Preeident,  F. 
Baily,  Esq.  F.R.S.— F2«e  Premdentt,  0. 
B.  Airr,  Esq.  MJL.  Astronomer  Boyd 
A.  DeMo^gaiiyBf%.»  BtT.R.  r 


1044.1 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


M.A..  the  Ri^t  Hon.  Lord  Wrotteiley* 
M.A.— 7V#a#iirfr,  6.  EisKop,  Esq.— Se- 
trtU»it$,  T.  Galloway,  Esq.  M.A.,  Rev. 
R.  MaiD,  M.A. — Foreign  ,S ecrWary,  Capt, 
W.  H.  Smyth,  R,N.  Cttmcil,  S.  H. 
ChrUtie,  Esq.  M.A.,  G.  Daihnd,  Esq., 
B.  DoHkin,  Esci-,  Rev.  G.  FUhar,  M,A*. 
J.  Lee,  E*q.  L.L.D.,  E,  Riddle.  Esq., 
Capt.  J.  C.  Ron,  R,N.,  M\  Huthctjord, 
Esq.,  Lieut. -CoL  Sabine,  Lieut.  W.  S, 
Stratford,  R.N.  [Those  ivhoie  namefl 
are  printed  in  itaUct  were  not  in  the  last 
Couaoai.] 


viriVKmiiTY  or  cambhidoe. 

John  Barnes,  esq.  of  the  Middle  Templei 
has  aigoi^ed  to  the  Vice-Clittncellor  hii 
intetition  to  place  the  sum  of  20001  ^  3  per 
cent.  Coaiolidated  Bank  Annuitiefl,  ujjaii 
trust,  for  the  foundatioti  of  a  ■choUnihip, 
to  be  called  "  The  Tbotuas  Barnes  8cho- 
Unhipi"  in  memory  of  his  brother, 
Thomas  Barnes,  M.A.,  deceased,  late  of 
Pembroke  college,  and  to  take  effect  upon 
the  decease  of  his  sister,  Anne  B  a  roes. 
The  Vice-Chant*ellor,  the  Regius  Profes- 
sor of  Divinity,  the  Regius  Profesjior  of 
Civil  Law,  the  Lucasian  Profcsior  of  Ma- 
tbematics,  and  the  Public  Orator,  to  elect 
the  scholars  bj  the  followjog  rule: — *'  In 
his  eligendis  prscipua  ratio  semper  ha- 
b«ntur  iDgemi,  doctniiiE,  virtutis,  et 
inopiff ;  ut  quo  magis  quiiique  ex  eligea- 
donun  numero  his  rebus  uutccelkr,  eo 
magis,  ut  Kquum  sit,  preeferatiir.'*  Tlie 
candidates  to  be  undergraduates  in  their 
first  year,  educated  on  tbe  foundation  of 
Christ's  Hoipiul.  St.  Paul's  i>chool,  or 
the  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  in  the  city 
of  London,  and  the  scholarship  to  he 
tenable  for  four  years. 


&OYAL   SOClXTr  or  LITERATUBB. 

Jen.  3d.  The  following:  papers  were 
nad  : — L  **  Account  of  Inicriptiona  at 
Delphi,'*  transmitted  from  AtlieriH  by  Sir 
G.  Wilkinson,  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Hamil- 
loo.  Tlieie  ioscriptiomi  are  of  the  same 
geoerel  teoor  as  ten  inscriptions  from  the 
Walls  of  the  tfooi*  of  Apollo  at  Delphi, 
publiahed  by  Col.  Leake  in  Travels  in 
Northern  Greece,  vol.  II.;  but,  with  one 
exception,  are  unknown  in  EIngland,  nor 
Is  any  one  of  thcra,  with  the  safoe  ex- 
eeptton,  to  be  found  in  fioeckh*s  Corpus 
loicriptionnm  Grccarum.  As  far  as  they 
are  yet  known  they  are  confined  to  two 
subjects,  1 ,  privileges  granted  to  foreigners 
by  the  Delphi ;  *2  the  liberation  of  «lave4. 
The  inscriptions  from  Ddpbi  hitheito 
published  are  chi«fly  of  the  second  and 
third  centaries  before  the  Cbri»tJaa  era, 
Snd  shew  that  the  cui»toiDs  to  wbirh  they 
had  prcraUed  through  a  long  tttc- 


ces&ion  of  «ges  i  one  of  these  doaomciitBri 

published  by  Boeckh,  prove«»,  by  the  mMPOft 
of  the  archon,  Titus  Flsvius  Pollianus, 
that  the  same  usages  also  continued  ta^ 
exist  two  or  three  centuries  later  than  the 
dates  just  mentioned. 

It  was  observed  by  Col.  Leake  that  Sir 
G.  Wilkinson  most  have  had  no  small 
difficulty  in  making  these  numeroui 
transcripts,  as  the  originals  were  en- 
graved on  parts  of  the  temple  liable  to 
iojury,  on  a  kind  of  stone  much  roor^ 
perishable  than  those  marbles  which  have 
preserved  so  many  Greek  inscriptions :  A 
similar  observation  is  due  to  the  laboui* 
employed  by  the  Colonel  himself,  in  re- 
transcribing  Sir  Gardner's  hajilily  written 
copies  in  a  clear  cursive  character. 

2.  **  Observations  on  the  i^npia-fiaT^ 
of  Euclid,  as  desiTtbed  in  the  prefdce  to 
the  seventh  book  of  the  msthematical 
collections  of  Pappus  Alexa&drinnsi'*  by 
Mr.  J.  O.  Halliwell.  Some  account  of  th« 
class  of  geometrical  propositions  called 
"  porisms  '*  was,  on  a  former  occasion, 
submitted  to  theSoriety  by  Mr.  HalUwell, 
and  has  been  printed  in  the  4th  voL  of 
its  Transactions,  The  present  comtnuni- 
ration  contained  a  more  detailed  accoutit 
and  stricter  definititm  of  Tro/>icr^aTa,  with 
notices  of  the  light  tbrown  on  this  obscure 
subject  by  Dr.  R.  Simson  in  the  earlier  ' 
part  of  the  la^^t  century,  by  Lord  Broughaoi 
in  the  Philosophical  TrausactioDs  for  179d| 
by  Mr-  Gompeitiin  a  tract  published  some 
yearif  bince,  and,  lastly,  by  the  writer's  i 
friend  M.  Chasles,  one  of  the  ablest 
geometers  of  the  day. 


THB    AtraiC   fiOClKTT* 

Two  fresh  numbers  of  the  jElfHe 
Society's  publications  have  been  issued 
to  the  members.  The  first  consists  of  a 
further  portion  of  TAe  HomiUt*  »J  Aiffrtc, 
edited  and  translated  by  Mr.  Thorpe,  and 
contains  Homilies  for  the  fourth  and 
eleventh  Sundays  after  Pentecost^ — the 
Nativity  of  St,  John  the  Baptist — ^on  the 
Passion  of  the  Apostles  Peter  and  Psul^^ 
on  the  Nativity  of  St.  Paul  the  Apostle^ — 
the  Passion  of  the  Blessed  Martyr  Law- 
rence— on  the  At'sumptiou  of  the  Virgin 
Mary.  The  second  is  the  lirst  portion  of 
the  Potfry  of  the  Codea:  VercfUrmiMi 
and  contains  the  Legend  of  St.  Andrew, 
edited  and  translated  by  Mr.  ICemble.  with 
a  most  interesting  introdyction,  in  which 
the  Editor  points  uatthevttlue  of  the  poem, 
and  the  sourceH  froin  which  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  poet  derived  the  legend.  W« 
piopoRe  on  some  future  occasion  to  nottos 
at  greater  length  ihc^e  importaiit  conlri* 
butions  to  the  early  history  uf  our  lat>»** 
end  literature ;  but  must    now  9 


S92 


Arekiteeture. 


[Marcli^ 


onndTes  with  the  expreulon  of  our  hopes* 
fliat  a  Society  established  for  so  laudable 
aa  object  as  that  of  preserving  the  literary 
of  our  Anglo-Saxon   forefathers 


may  be  so  patronised  by  all  scholars  and 
friends  of  literature,  that  that  great  and 
patriotic  object  may  be  fully  accomplished. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


INSTITUTE   OF  BRITISU   ARCHITECTS. 

Jan,  8.  C.  Barry,  esq.  R.A.  V.P.  in 
the  chair. 

A  communication  was  read  from  W.  M. 
Higgins,  esq.  "  On  the  recent  restoration 
of  the  spire  of  St.  Stephen,  at  Vienna." 
—It  proceeded  to  state,  that  the  ancient 
church  of  St.  Stephen  is  supposed  to  have 
been  founded,  in  the  year  1 144,  by  Heiu- 
rich  Jasomirgott,  afterwards  the  first 
Duke  of  Austria,  one  of  the  twenty- three 
children  of  Agneseus,  to  whom  the  Klos- 
temenburgh  owes  its  foundation.  The 
church  seems  to  have  been  several  times 
injured  by  fire,  and,  in  1519,  by  severe 
earthquakes,  which  did  great  injury  to  the 
buildings  in  Vienna  and  the  vicinity,  and 
on  these  occasions  to  have  been  partly  re- 
built, and  much  enlarged.  The  tower,  as 
built,  or  restored,  in  1519,  in  process  of 
time,  deviated  out  of  the  perpendicular  to 
a  considerable  eitent.  An  iron  bar  was 
carried  through  it  as  an  axis  for  the  sup- 
port of  the  spire,  which,  having  a  con- 
siderable tendency  to  vibrate,  might  be 
considered  as  an  elemnnt  of  destruclion, 
rather  than  of  strength  ;  consequently  the 
thin  wall  of  the  lower  portion  of  the 
spire  was  reduced  almost  to  a  ruin,  and  at 
length  became  in  such  a  dangerous  con- 
dition, as  to  require  rebuilding.  The  re- 
moval of  the  old  spire  was  commenced  in 
August,  1839,  and  in  the  fullowiug  spring 
all  the  condemned  part  had  been  removed. 
The  mode  of  construction  adopted  in  the 
restoration  was  novel  and  ingenious  ;  the 
slight  masonry  of  the  spire  being  sup- 
ported by  means  of  a  framing  of  vertical 
iron  ribs  fastened  ;  at  their  lower  extremi- 
ties,  to  a  cast  iron  plate  or  base,  and 
united  to  each  other  at  intervals  by  hori- 
aontol  rings  of  rolled  iron.  These  rings 
are  made  to  project  from  the  inner  sur- 
fi^e,  so  OS  to  admit  of  a  person  ascending, 
with  the  assistance  of  ladders,  to  the  top 
of  the  spire.  All  the  wrought  and  rolled 
iron  employed  in  the  construction  of  this 
iron  skeleton,  the  weight  of  which  was 
only  123  cwt.  was  prepared  in  the  govern- 
ment works  at  Neuborg,  in  Styria.  The 
east-iron  plates  or  rings  were'  furnished 
from  the  government  iron  works  st  Marie- 
sell.  In  the  autumn  of  1842,  when  the 
whole  of  the  masoory  of  the  spire  had 
been  completed,  the  upper  portion,  con- 
fitting  Mtirely  gf  iron  worki  wat  fixed. 


This  also  was  attached  to  a  strong  cast- 
iron  circular  plate,  similar  in  construction 
to  that  below.  This  portion  of  the  fram- 
ing, with  the  other  iron  work  employed  in 
the  spire,  weighed  about  80  cwt.  so  that 
the  entire  weight  of  iron  was  shout  203 
cwt.  The  new  portion  of  the  spire  was 
connected  to  the  old  by  means  of  an 
arrangement  of  iron  work,  very  appro- 
priately called  "  anchor  fastenings.**  The 
portion  of  the  spire  restored,  (via.  from 
the  gallery  of  the  tower  to  the  top  of  the 
cross)  is  about  182  ft  the  cost  thereof 
being  about  130,000  gulden,  of  which 
sum  15,500  gulden  were  expended  in  tak- 
ing down  the  old  spire,  and  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  necessary  scaffolding. 
Objections  have  been  raised,  at  Vienna, 
to  the  extensive  use  of  wrought  iron  in  the 
reconstruction,  from  sn  apprehension  of 
injury  arising  from  the  dilatation  of  the 
metal  under  changes  of  temperature;  it 
appears,  however,  from  csreful  experi- 
ments made,  that  the  expansion  of  a  bar 
of  wrought  iron,  40ft.  in  length,  under  an 
alteration  of  40^  Reaumur,  is  not  more 
than  three  lines,  even  in  a  horizontal  po- 
sition, and  would  be  less  in  a  vertical  po- 
sition, in  consequence  of  the  pressure  of 
the  upper  parts  on  the  lower ;  and  the  op- 
posite effect  would  increase  with  the  dimi- 
nution of  temperature,  the  effect  being 
still  less  when  a  number  of  pieces  are 
united,  forming  a  system  (as  in  the  iron 
work  of  the  spire),  than  when  the  same 
length  is  in  a  single  piece.  It  further  ap- 
pears, that  Bolingcr,  the  mechanical  en- 
gineer, found  the  dilation  of  one  of  the 
iron  ribs,  between  the  temperature  of 
summer  and  winter,  to  be  only  one  line, 
and  that  of  the  iron  framework,  when  com- 
pleted and  exposed  to  the  direct  rays  of 
the  sun  before  it  was  covered  by  the  ma- 
sonry, to  be  imperceptible. 

Jan.  22.  T.  L.  Donaldson,  esq.  in  the 
chair. 

Mr.  Poynter  made  some  remarks  on  a 
plan  and  section  of  the  transept  of  Min- 
chinhampton  church,  in  Gloucestershire, 
presented  by  Messrs.  Foster  and  Son,  of 
Bristol.  The  transept  was,  he  said,  a 
very  curious  one  of  the  14th  century,  and 
it  was  most  remarkable  that  the  roof, 
although  supported  by  atone  joiata,  waa 
built  aa  if  it  were  of  timber.  The  traaaapt 
wai  not  large,  bciof  S9  ft.  long  and  15  It. 


wide,  aod  the  roof  wa*  carried  by  six  stone 
libe  ;  the  height  to  Ihc  crown  of  the  arch 
beiD§39ft*  The  appearance  "was  very  jr- 
regiilar,  the  windows  also  being  narFow. 
The  toof  was  originally  covered  with 
atabs  of  stone,  but  is  now  tiled, 

[The  other  papers  read  at  this  iDeetin^ 
have  been  noticed  in  our  last  Magazine.] 
Ftb,  5.     W.  Tite,  V,P.  in  the  chair. 
A  paper  was  read  by  Mr,  J.  J,  Scoles, 
on   the   pyramids    at    Abou-Roashi   and 
those  to  the  southward,  including  thoaeia 
the    Faiyounit   and   on   an   an;hed   tomb 
existing  in  the  vicioity  of  GiJEeht  shown  in 
the  third  volume  of  Coh    Vyae-a  work. 
There  appeal  red  to  be  Ihirly-nine  pyramids 
in  Middle  and  Lower  Eg^ypt,  all  of  wbicli 
have  been   explored   by  Mr,   IVrring,  at 
the   expense   of  CoL   Yyse.      They   are 
situated  on  the  western  side  of  the  Nile, 
chiefly  on  the   Desert  Hills,   occupying 
a  space f  measurinRf  from   north  to  fiouth, 
of  fifty-three  English  miles.     The  prinei* 
{iaI  py  rami  da  alluded  to  are  di^irin^uished 
by  the  names  of  Gi7xdi,  S.iccara,  Daslioor, 
aad   MeydooQi    and    have   a    remarkable 
correspondence  in  their  general  arrangc- 
meots,  their  sides  being  plared  true  to  tlic 
cardinal  points,  with  one  exception^  the 
entrances  bcing^  on   the  north  side,  and 
having  luctioed  pa5saQ;es  leading  to  variouis 
apartments  ;  which  pas^^ageg^  to    a  con- 
aiderabk  way  down,  bavc   been  filled  up 
with  aolid    blocks  of  stone  or  granite  to 
the  exact  size  of  the  apertures-     Four  of 
these  pyramids  are  constructed  of  crude 
or  anburned  bricks,  formed  of  loanit  Nile 
earth,   and  chopped   straw.     In  making 
the    excavations    necessary    to  elucidate 
thdr  construction,  Mr,  Perring discovered 
that  the  foundation  of  some  of  the  py- 
ratnida  wa^  formed  by  levelling  the  atony 
surface  of  the  desert  with  fine  sand,  con- 
fined by  stone  walls  stirronadio^  thcbaac^ 
and  on  the  sand  was  built  the  pyramid. 
Wood,  forming  the  ceiling  of  one  of  the 
sepnkhrnt   chambers,    and   consisting   of 
oak,  laroh,  and  cedar,  was  found  m  the 
interior  of  a  pyramid   at    Saccara  in   a 
wonderfiil  st^te    of    preservation.      The 
walls  of  some  of  these  i^epulchral  ehamberfl 
were  lined  with  a  bhtish -green  porcelain  ; 
and  remains    of   colouriog,  gilding,  and 
other  emb«ltistiment5,  showed  the  mag- 
nificence of  the  builders  of  these  tnausolea. 
The  arched  tomb    near  Gizeh  was   con- 
Btructed  of  stone  beautifully  worked,  and 
the  joint*  were  scarcely  perceptible.  From 
hieroglyphic*  inscribed  an  this  monument, 
it   appears   to  have   been    constructed  in 
the  reign  of  Psammcticlms  II.,  about  600 
yeara  before  Chri?tt  and  is  probably  one 
of  the  oldest  stone  arche«  known  ;  but  Mr. 
Scolca  seemed  to  have  some  doubt  as  to 
the  high  onti^iuty  of   this   §ud  other 


similar  archei,  from  the  circumstance  that 
the  arch  was  not  used  hy  the  Greeks,  and 
also  that  it  was  little  used  by  the  Egyptians 
at  a  later  period, 

Feb.  19,     T.  L.  Donaldson,  esq.  V,P. 
in  the  chair* — Drawings  by  F,    Cathcr- 
woody  esq.  of  the  architectural  auticiuitiei 
discovered  in  the  ruined  citica  in    Central 
America   were    exhibited  and  described. 
The  drawings  exhibited  tend  to  prove  that 
a  higher  degree  of  civilization  existed  an- 
ciently on  the  American  continent  thati 
historians  have  been  willing  to  concede* 
One  of  the  most  siiigulflr  facts  necessary 
to  be  kept  in  mind,  when  considering  the 
arts  of  this  people,  is,  that  they  had  no 
knowledge  of  the  use  of  iron  tools,  hut 
used  copper  tnstniinentSf  hardened  by  the 
admixttire  of  tin,  or  some  other  available 
metal,  and  with  such  tools  their  buildlnga 
of  stone  and  sculptures  in  granite  were 
worked.     The  Indians,  besides  a  perfect 
knowledge  of  stone  cutting,  and  laying 
stone,  were  well  acc|uaintcd  with  varioua 
kinds  of  mortar,  stuccoes,   and  cements  ; 
and  large  massea  of  excellent  concrete  are 
found  in  many  of  their  buildings.     They 
were,  in  fact,  60  far  as  the  mechanic^ 
part  went,   accomplished  masons.     Their 
painting  is  superior  both  to  their  archi- 
tecture and  sculpture,  and  in  nowise  inferior 
to  tliat  of  the  Egyptiansi  and  they  went 
even  a  step  beyond  them  in  the  blending 
of  colours,  approaching  more  nearly  to 
the  paintings  found  at  Pompeii  and  Her- 
culaneum.     In  one   of  the   rooms   of  a 
targe  building  arc  paintings  covering  the 
entire  walls,  from  the  floor  to  the  celling. 
The   figures  are  not  more  than  6  to   8 
inches  in  height^    but   most   interesting 
subjects  are  represented,  abounding  with 
life,  ammatiou,  and  nature.     Mr.  Cather- 
wood  noticed  the  peculiar  style  of  the 
buildings  of  Ccntrel  America  and  Ynca- 
tan.     The  pervading  type  of  the  architec- 
ture consists  in  first  constructing  mounds 
or  terraces  (called  by  the  Indians  teoc&Ui), 
and  on  the&e  placing  the  sacred  edifices 
and  palaces.     These  teocatii  are  found  in 
great   numbers  ;    they  are   frequently  of 
large   dimensions,  of  a  pyramidal  form, 
but  do  not  terminate  in  a  point,  tike  the 
Egyptian  structures.    They  have  on  their 
summits  ptatforms  of  sufficient  extent  for 
the  temples,  which  contained  the  statues 
of  the  deities,  and  in  front  was  conspica- 
ously  accn  the  sacrificial  stone  or  altar, 
convex  on  its  upper  surface,  so  as  to  rais« 
the  chest   of    the   human  victim.     The 
buildings  arc  generally  long,  1ow«  arched, 
and  of  a  single  story,  a  mode  of  construc- 
tion frequently  adopted  by  the  SpAniarda, 
on  account  of  the  shocks  of  earthquake  to 
which  mony  parts  of  the  country  are  ex* 
poBod,    Another,  imd  not  lets  diftingtiiih* 


I 


I 


I 


I 


I 


I 


J 


SM 


ArthiUciur9, 


lag  §mUut,  if  the  tfehad  roont  found  la 
alnott  all  these  bnildingt.  Theae  •rchet 
faiTambly  conaiit  of  atonoa  OTerkyiiif 
each  other  from  opposite  walli,  until  the 
Init  meet  over  the  centre  of  the  room,  or, 
what  b  fltill  more  coounonljr  the  case, 
when  the  laat  atonea  approach  within 
•bont  19  inchea  of  each  other,  a  flat  atone 
m  laid  on  the  top,  covered  either  with 
•oUd  maaonry  or  concrete :  the  jointa  €i 
thoae  atonea  arcall  horiaontal.  The  rood 
have  a  alight  inclination,  to  throw  off  the 
jiin,  and  are  cemented.  Thia  form  of 
arch  appeara  at  firat  eight  original,  and  ia 
•0  aa  regarda  the  Indiana,  bat  the  aame 
principle  waa  adopted  in  the  carlieat  timea 
in  the  Old  World,  and  would  probably 
•nggeat  itaelf  to  any  people  requiring 
■tone  roofa  over  apacea  too  wide  to  fa€ 
oorered  by  flat  atonea.  Aa  regarda  ana- 
logiea  in  architectural  omamenta  the  aame 
argument  may  apply.    That  moat    fre- 

2ueDtly  met  with,  and  perfectly  alike  in 
ireeoe  and  in  Yucatan,  ia  one  Ukely  to 
be  found  wherever  rope-making  waa  un- 
deratood — and  what  people  ao  barbaroua 
aato  be  unacquainted  with  thia  aimple 
and  primitive  proceu  ?  Other  ornamenta, 
offering  remarkable  coincidencea  of  form, 
might  be  adduced,  but  the  aame  reaaon- 
i«g  will  apply  to  them  all. 

OXrORD  ▲nCHlTBCTUAAL   tOCIBTY. 

Ftb.  14.  The  Rev.  the  Rector  of 
Eseter  Colloge  in  the  chair. 

A  volume  entitled,  **  Remarkaon  Way- 
tide  Chapela,''  by  J.  C.  Buckler  and  C 
Buckler,  esqrs.  waa  received  from  the 
authora ;  and  the  following  hooka  were 
reported  aa  added  to  the  library :  Go- 
thiache  Roaetten  aua  der  Kirche  zu  Dobe- 
ran,  4to.  Rostock,  1838.  L* Architecture 
Gothiqoe  aur  lea  borda  du  Rhin,  de  la 
Labn  et  du  Mein,  par  L.  Lange*  folio, 
Francfort,  1833.  Stained  Glaaa  of  the 
new  Church  of  Notre  Dame  at  Munich, 
large  coloured  platea,  by  F.  H.  Eggert, 
royal  folio.  Munich,  1843. 

A  paper  was  read  by  Henry  Addington, 
eaq.  of  Lincoln  College,  on  the  church  of 
St.  Peter-in-the-East,  Oxford.  Thia 
church  is  well  known  to  have  been  cur- 
rently attributed  to  Grimbald,  in  the 
time  of  Alfred ;  but  Mr.  A.  shewed,  by 
oomparison  with  other  buildings,  that  the 
cddeat  parts  of  the  preaent  atructnre,  com- 
prising the  crypt  and  the  chancel,  are  late- 
Norman  or  transition  work,  of  about  the 
aame  age  as  the  choir  of  Canterbury,  the 
erection  of  which,  in  1 175-84,  ia  re<XMrded 
by  Gervaae.  The  Lady  Chapel,  on  the 
north  side,  was  built  by  St.  Edmnnd  of 
Abingdon,  the  founder  of  St.  Edmnnd 
HnU,  about  A.D.  1S40,  and  ia  in  the 
artr--EngM<h  9(^\»i  th9  lurehti  QP  tha 


north  iUe  of  the  Btvie  appear  1<i  h«  «ftf» 
aameage.  The  windowa  of  the  noHkaMi 
am  good  Decorated  work,  w:  h  tewipf 
traeery  approaching  to  Flaaib<'..ant.  fW 
tower  ia  alao  of  the  foartoeniU  oaatnrf* 
with  a  parapet  added  in  tha  ifiseath.  A 
flne  ParpeiMUenlar  window  at  tha  sarth 
end  of  tha  Lady  Chapel  waa  inaarteJ  bf 
Vincent  Wykinii,  Vicar,  in  143S ;  aao- 
thar  fine  window  af  tha  aaaaa  atjla,  mtd 
tha  porch,  are  probably  of  tha  aaaie  pe- 
riod ;  the  room  over  tha  parch  baa  a  afeoaa 
vaulted  roof  of  not  vary  common  wmatraa 
tioa.  The  preaent  atata  of  tha  dinrah 
and  churchyard  ia  worthy  of  ; 


HOLY  WILL  CHUnCB,  MBAm  OXVOIW. 

The  restoration  of  thia  duuah,  iriikk 
baa  recently  takan  place,  has  greatly  las* 
proved  it.  The  chnroh  oonaists  af  a 
chancel,  nave,  with  north  and  sowth  aialas, 
and  tower  at  the  west  end,  piereed  witih 
arohea  on  the  sides.  The  present  anranga* 
ment  of  aeata  in  the  nave  and  aialea  fonns 
a  striking  contrast  to  the  miaeraUa  paws 
by  which  the  church  waa  till  latalj  da- 
formed.  The  aeata  are  low,  substaiatial, 
and  for  the  moat  part  nninriosed ;  thay 
have  square  enda  finiahed  with  a  mo«M- 
ing;  the  book-boarda  are  horiaotttaL 
There  ia  an  avenue  in  the  centre,  and  ona 
in  eachaiale ;  the  roof  ia  plain ;  thearehas 
CD  the  north  side  of  the  nave  were  Mlt 
about  seven  yeara  ago ;  thoaeon  tha  aoalh 
are  new  ;  the  columna,  capitala,  and  baass 
circular,  and  vary  handaome.  The  capitals 
and  bases  have  been  copied  from  aiMksit 
specimena  found  among  the  rnina  of  tha 
(diurch,  and  are  of  the  time  of  Henry  lU. 
which  ia  alao  the  age  of  the  tower.  A 
atone  pulpit  ia  attached  to  the  pier  af  tha 
chancel  arch,  on  the  aouth  side,  ap- 
proached by  atone  atepa  from  the  floor  af 
the  chancel.  A  prayer-deak,  fisdng  north, 
ia  placed  on  the  aouth  side  of  tlM  nave ; 
and  a  lectern,  iacing  west,  on  the  north 
aide.  Both  are  near  the  chanad  arch. 
No  improvement  appears  yet  to  have  been 
made  in  the  interior  of  the  diancel.  The 
preaent  altar-piece  ia  too  narrow;  tha 
aeata  alao  occupy  too  much  apaoe,  and, 
for  want  of  a  screen,  have  an  imperfeot 
appearance.  The  seats  and  roof  ara  of 
deal,  stained  in  imitation  of  oak.  The 
whole  of  the  work  has  been  well  and  snb- 
stantially  executed. 

IFPLBT    OHUmOS. 

This  sacred  edifice  haa  lately  baaa  re- 
paired. The  opening  of  the  westam  door 
has  been  walled  up  for  the  first  time  siAoa 
the  diurch  was  b«dlt;  and  a  window,  in  a 
late  style  and  of  poor  design,  inaaitad  far 
the  pwyosa  oT  gliiaf  Upii  to  #  vaat^y 


ia44j 


Antt^narian  Reicnrch^B, 


whieh  ti  formed  by  mean*  of  a  acre  in  in 
the  iaterior.  Tbe  iriudowa  and  ftrrhen  ia 
IIm  fible  over  the  west  door  \\a,we  h^^n 
well  restored.  The  open  «etfU  iu  Ibe 
lower  purt  of  the  church  «re  Aolid,  but  a 
diffc^rent  form  has  been  adopted  witbin 
the  area  of  Che  toiver.  Tbe  cbancel  con- 
■i«t8  of  two  divisions,  formed  by  clustered 
pillars  Bupportiiig  tbe  grotas  of  the  roof, 
and  between  them  wa&Jix«d  the  sicent  to 
the  altar;  but  tbe  lioes  are  now  so  far 
ehmged,  that  the  sedtlia  are  cut  off  from 
eoviBitinicAtion  with  tbe  altar.  Tbe  ori- 
ginal perf<;ction  of  the  chaacel  jh  consi- 
derably impAired  by  the  application  of  a 
row  of  trefoil  arches,  supported  upon 
splendid  pillara  against  tbe  east  walL  The 
pulpit  is  placed  on  tbe  sontb  side  of  the 
arch  opening  to  the  tower,  A  perfect  oak 
iereen,  as  old  at  the  early  part  of  tbe  fif- 
teenth century,  was  unhappily  removed 
from  tbe  chancel  about  twenty  years  since, 
together  with  the  remaini  of  the  rood-loft, 
and  two  of  the  stall -seats  for  tbe  clergy. 


WOOLP1T,  SUFFOLK. 

The  open  roof  of  this  fine  eccl^iasttc^I 
structure  bai  recently  undergone  complete 
restoration,  and  is  now  fiiiiRhed,  with  its 
appropriate  niches  aud  figurrj,  in  a  «tyle 
which  it  is  hoped  will  afTord  an  example 
to  be  followed  in  tbe  many  structures  of 
SiAilIc  where  restoration  is  so  much 
Beaded.  Tbe  tout  ensembU  is  ^ne.  The 
clerestory  is  divided  by  tbe  roof  into  ten 
bays  by  eleven  pairs  of  principal  fnitneii 
and  trusses.     These  frames  are  formed  of 


three  stories  of  balforchei  or  sptndfitok 
Bopporting  horizontal  titnhers  or  hammer 
beam».  The  end^  «f  these  be>4mi  are 
finished  with  tbe  figures  of  angels,  Tbe 
bays  are  highly  ornamented  with  star 
Tudor  moulding*.  Tbe  cornice  is  charged 
with  fignreii  of  angels  also,  and  boasesv 
The  compartments  are  difided  by  Tudor 
mouldings.  This  work  has  been  com* 
pleted  by  Mr,  H.  RiQgbom«  of  Ipswich, 
whose  talent  in  ecclesiastical  carving, 
though  highly  appreciated  in  tbe  locality, 
is  not  ao  eitensivefy  known  as  it  deservet 
to  he. 

Id  case  all  oar  readers  may  not  fully 
understand  the  meaning  of  an  *^  ope  a 
roof/'  such  roofs  being  mostly,  though 
not  altogether,  con6ned  to  Suffolk  and 
Norfolk,  we  add  a  slight  description.  An 
''open  roof**  is  a  timber  roof  without  tie- 
beams,  tbe  outward  thrust  or  pre»f(ure 
being  counteracted  by  tbe  skilful  arrange- 
meot  of  the  internal  frame -work,  such  as 
tbe  roofs  of  Westminster  Hall,  tbe  Hall  of 
Eltham,  and  Crostby  HalJ.  Many  of  these 
roofs  adorn  the  churches  of  Suffolk,  as  Cor  ' 
instance  St.  Mary's  Bury,  (now  in  progreti 
of  restoration,)  St.  Margaret's,  St.  Mary 
Key,  and  St.  Mary  Stoke,  Ipswich,  Had* 
leigh,  Framli  ogham,  Stonham,  Ik  worthy 
Ra tt leaden,  Tostock,  Rougham,  Tudden- 
ham,  near  Ipswich,  Wetherden,  &c. 
Several  of  these  roofs  now  mentioned  have 
also  been  repaired  by  Mr.  Ringham,  te 
the  great  benefit  of  the  structure!,  tad  t<» 
the  satisfaction  of  thoae  who  f^fenuoe 
antiquity. 


ANTiaUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


ItftW    ARCn.VOLOGtCAL    AfliOClATlON. 

We  have  g^reat  pleasure  in  announcing 
the  formation,  under  tbe  most  powerful 
aud  promising  auspices,  of  a  new  society, 
lobe  called  tbe  **  BriOah  ^irchefohfiiajl 
Jttaocitktion  for  the  encQuraytment  and 
pri>ieeution  of  reteafcHeM  into  the  arts  and 
monumetiti  of  the  fatly  and  middle  ayen^ 
yurtictilariy  in  Mn^UnS.**  It  is  to  be 
under  the  direction  of  a  central  committee 
resident  in  London  ;  and  among  ita  Patrons 
are  already  ranked — the  Marquesa  of  Nor- 
thampton, President  of  the  Royal  Society  ; 
tbe  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  K.T.  President  of 
the  Society  of  Antiquaries ;  the  Earl  uf 
Powia  ;  Lord  Albert  Conyngham  ;  the 
Lord  Bishops  of  Durham,  Salisbury, 
Norwich,  and  Lichfield  ;  Lord  Stanley  of 
Alderley;  Sir  E.  H*  Alderwn,  Baron  of 
the  Exchequer ;  Mr.  Hnllam,  and  Mr.  W. 
R.    Uamitou,    Vice-Preaideoti    of    the 


Society  of  Antiquaries.  Tbe  members  of 
the  Committee,  as  at  present  arranged^  are 
T.  Amyot,  «aq.  F.RS.  Treas.  S.A.;  C. 
F.  Barnwell,  M.A.  F.R.S.  F.S.A.  late  of 
the  British  Museum  ;  Edward  Blore, 
DX.L.  F.S.A.  ;W.  Broraet,  MD.  FS.A.; 
tbe  Rev.  J.  B.  Deane,  M.A,  F.S.A,  ;  C. 
L.  Eostlake,  R.A.  F.R.S.  RS.A.  ;  Sir  H. 
Ellis,  F.R.S.  Sec.  S.A.  ;  E.  Hawkins^ 
P.R.S,  F.S.A.  Keeper  of  the  Antiquitic«» 
Brit.  Mus. ;  T,  W.  King,  esq.  F.S.A. 
Rouge  Dragon  Pursuivant  \  Sir  F,  Mad. 
den,  K.lh  F  R  S.  F.S.A.  Keeper  of  the 
MSS.  Brit.  Mus.  ;  T.  J,  Pettigrew,  eaq. 
F.R.S.  F.S.A.  Treawreri  Ambrose  Poyn, 
ter,  esq.  Hon.  Sec.  R.L  Brit.  Arch. ;  C. 
Roach  Smith,  esq.  F.S.A.  Honoroiy 
Secretary :  T,  Staoleton,  esq.  F.S.A.; 
Albert  Way.  esq.  M.A.  Dir.  S  A. ;  SirR. 
Weatmacott,  R  A.  F.S..\.  Professor  oC  i 
Scolptare  R.  Aead. ;  C.  Wington,  eeq. ; 


296 


^fitiqHartan  Reiemvief. 


CMareh* 


and  Tbomas  Wrigbt,  esq.  M.A.  F.S.A. 
CorrespoodiQg  Member  of  the  Institute  of 
France,  &c. 

The  want  of  such  an  active  institution 
of  this  kind  has  long  been  a  reproach  to 
the  country,  and  caused  the  irreparable 
loss  of  many  a  precious  relic  of  antiquity. 
Its  professed  objects  arc  "  to  investigate, 
preserve,  and  illustrate  all  ancient  monu- 
ments of  the  history,  manners,  customs, 
and  arts'of  our  forefathers,  and,  in  further- 
ance of  the  principles  with  which  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London  was 
established,  to  render  available  the  re- 
searches of  a  numerous  class  of  lovers  of 
antiquity  who  are  unconnected  with  that 
institution.**  The  means  proposed  are, 
"1.  By  holding  communication  with  cor- 
respondents  throughout  the  kingdom,  and 
witn  provincial  antiquarian  societies ;  as 
well  as  by  direct  intercourse  with  the 
CamiU  det  Arta  et  Monumenti  of  the 
Ministry  of  Public  Instruction  in  France, 
and  with  other  similar  associations  on 
the  continent  instituted  for  the  advance- 
ment of  antiquarian  science.  3.  By  hold- 
ing frequent  and  regular  meetings  for  the 
consideration  and  discussion  of  com- 
manications  received  from  correspondents 
and  any  other  persons.  3.  By  promoting 
careful  observation  and  preservation  of  an- 
tiquities discovered  in  theprogressof  public 
works,  such  as  railways,  sewers,  founda- 
tions of  buildings,  &c.  4.  By  encouraging 
individuals  or  associations  in  making  re- 
searches and  excavations,  and  affording 
them  suggestions  and  co-operation.  5.  By 
opposing  and  preventing,  as  far  as  may  be 
practicable,  all  injuries  with  which  ancient 
national  monuments  of  every  description 
may  from  time  to  time  be  threatened.  6. 
By  using  every  endeavour  to  spread  abroad 
a  correct  taste  for  archsology,  and  a  just 
appreciation  of  monuments  of  ancient  art, 
so  as  ultimately  to  secure  a  general  in- 
terest in  their  preservation.  7*  By  col- 
lecting accurate  drawings,  plans,  and  de- 
scriptions of  ancient  national  monuments, 
and,  by  means  of  correspondents,  pre- 
serving authentic  memorials  of  all  anti- 
qnities  which  may  from  time  to  time  be 
brought  to  light.  8.  By  establishing  a 
journal  devoted  exclusively  to  the  objects 
of  the  association,  as  a  means  of  spreading 
antiquarian  information  and  maintaining 
a  constant  communication  with  all  persons 
interested  in  such  pursuits.  9.  By  Uking 
erery  occasion  which  may  present  itself  to 
solicit  the  attention  of  the  government  to 
the  conservation  of  our  national  monu- 
ments, and  to  the  other  objects  of  the  as- 
sociation.*'—Exertions  are  being  made  to 
issue  the  first  No.  of  The  Britith  Archie- 
ological  (^arterljf  Journal,  which  will  be 
a  record  of  all  the  proceedings,  towards 
9 


the  end  of  March.  No  fixed  plan  of  pe- 
cuniary contribution  has  as  yet  been 
arranged.  On  the  contrary,  it  is  at  pre- 
sent voluntary ;  but  we  understand  it  is 
Eroposed  to  hold,  at  ^pointed  times,  a 
[istorical  Congress,  something  afler  the 
manner  of  the  British  Associatioo,  on 
which  occasion,  we  presume,  there  will  be 
some  call  for  the  '*  sinews  of  war."  It  is 
proposed  that  the  assemblage  should  be 
made  at  some  place  remarkable  for  its 
historical  monuments,  and  other  objoots 
of  antiquity ;  and  we  believe  that  Canter- 
bury or  Winchester  will  be  fixed  npon  for 
the  present  year. 

SOCIETY    OF   ANTiaUAJUXS. 

Feb,  1.  Thomas  Amyot,  esq.  in  the 
chair. 

Albert  Way,  esq.  Durector,  exhibited 
some  specimens  of  Egyptian  hieroglyfAles, 
printed  from  a  set  of  moveable  types  (up- 
wards of  300  in  number)  by  the  honse  of 
Didot  of  Paris. 

Mr.  C.  J.  Richardson  exhibited  draw- 
ings of  a  stone  rood-screen,  with  an  honr- 
gUss  and  frame  still  attached  to  the 
pulpit,  in  Compton  Bassett  church,  Wilts. 
The  screen  is  a  beautiful  specimen  of  the 
late  Perpendicular  Gothic.  They  were 
accompanied  by  a  drawing  of  the  font  at 
Yatesbury  church,  in  the  same  county,  a 
curious  and  rich  specimen  of  the  orna- 
mental style  of  the  end  of  the  twelfth 
century. 

Mr.  Way  exhibited  a  rubbing  of  a  fine 
and  interesting  monumental  brass  from 
the  church  of  AUhallows  Barking. 

Mr.  C.  R.  Smith  communicated  a 
drawing  and  description  of  an  early  mo- 
numental slab  of  granite,  found  on  the 
cliff  of  Camsew,  in  Cornwall.  It  bears 
an  inscription,  slightly  damaged,  which  is 
as  follows,  and  appears  to  commemorate 
two  persons : 

hic 

GEMV 

RxavixviT 

CVKAIDO 

nio 

TVMVLO 
lAClT 
VIXIT  AK 
NUB 
XXXIII. 

Dr.  Bromet  exhibited  some  drawings  of 
Newark  Priory,  in  Surrey,  and  a  few  an- 
tiquities lately  discovered  there;  among 
which  were  an  inscribed  thumb-ring,  the 
matrix  of  a  seal,  and  two  enamelled  ar- 
morial badges,  supposed  to  have  been 
worn  by  the  retainers  of  the  personages 
whose  arms  they  bear. 


Antiquarian  Researehet, 


297 


I 


Sir  Henry  Ellis  read  extracts  from  the 
minutff  of  the  Priry  Council,  from  the 
32J  to  the  ;l4th  Henry  VIIl. 

Peb.  15,     Lord  Yiscouni  Malion,  V.P; 

Albert  Wsy»  esq.  Director,  exhibited  a 
nibtiing  or  a  connneinorative  engraved 
tlab,  represciQting  Sf.  Loui<i,  King  of 
Fflncef  and  two  of  Iub  st^rjennts-at-arms, 
formerly  placed  in  the  monastery  of  Sajnte 
Catharine  du  Val  at  Parit,  founded  by 
those  ofliceri  in  pvirBURnc«  of  a  tow  made 
by  tbetn  at  the  battle  of  Borines  in  1^14. 
It  WAB  remoTed  at  the  Revolution,  and  ia 
pmerved  in  the  royat  eatacombs  at  St« 
Denis.  It  ia  richly  glided  and  painted  ; 
ita  date  the  earlier  part  of  the  XVth 
century.  Engraved  by  Lenoir,  in  Mus^c 
des  MouumenB  Fraa9ais,  voL  i.  p.  W. 

Two  long  ipoon -shaped  instruments, 
and  two  thin  plates,  all  of  gold»  were  ex- 
hibited. They  were  brought  from  South 
America,  aud  used,  it  it  believed^  for  or- 
nament in  the  hair, 

Albtn  Murtin,  esq*  of  Hilton,  Dorset- 
shire, exhibited  to  the  Society,  through 
the  medium  of  Mr,  Kempe^  some  articles 
of  antiquity,  a&d  original  drawtoga  by  hie 
o  vu  hand  of  ftesco  paintfogs  ;  the  latter 
prt^aerved  in  the  Maseo  Borbonico  at  Na- 
ples. We  describe  tliem  in  the  order  as 
exhibited. 

No.  I  of  this  collection  is  a  head  scalp - 
ture  in  Ro»to  Anticha^  from  the  remains 
of  the  Temple  of  Apollo  at  Cutnw.  It 
represents  Ihe  bearded  Bacchus,  the  mode 
of  diiptayiug  thiei  divinity  aa  conqueror  of 
the  East.  Tbc  countenance  is  youthfttU 
the  hair  disposed  rotind  the  forehead  in 
enrla  somewhat  reiemblinf  a  wrwith  of 
rosea,  and  a  straight  lock  of  hair  is  de- 
pendent on  each  tide  of  the  bend.  The 
eyes  are  hollowed  out,  probably  for  the 
reception  of  jewels. 

No.  2  if  an  elegantly -formed  bronxe 
rtac,  bronght  from  Pompeii;  it  has  evi- 
dently been  cracked  by  the  action  of  in- 
tense beat,  and  is  covered  with  crystals 
of  blue  sulphate  of  copper,  Mr.  Kempe 
remarked  that  the  sttlphureou*  exhalstlonK 
which  aroKc  from  the  earth  and  pervaded 
the  atmosphere  at  the  lime  of  the  tremen- 
doua  eruption  of  Vesuvius,  which  destroyed 
Hercnlaneum  and  Pompeii,  in  the  l^th 
year  of  the  Chriitian  era,  were  so  powerful 
thct  they  suffocated  the  elder  PtiTiy  on  the 
leashorr  at  Stabia,*  supposed  to  have  been 
at  Castella  Mare,  about  four  miles  from 
Pompeii. 

No.  3  is  a  copy  of  a  group  of  divinities 
from  a  fresco  painting,  taken  fr^m  an 
apartment  in  Hcrcalaneum  \  it  represents 


Tacitus,     Letter    XVL 


•   Pliny    to 
BookV). 
QiifT.  Ma^*  Vol*  XXI 


Hercules,  Flora,  TellttS,  tnd  other  my* 
thological  characters. 

No.  4  is  a  copy  of  a  fresco  from  Pom  petit 
representing  a  satyr  dancing  with  a  goat  | 
a  very  exprcisivo  and  humorous  compo* 
jiition. 

No.  5.  Another  fresco  from  Pompeii, 
representing  Atalanta,  from  the  well- 
known  group  of  Meleuger,  Atalanta,  and 
attendants. 

No.  6  IB  from  a  fresco  pHinting  at 
Pompeti ,  representing  Justice.  The  figure 
has  alt  the  simple  grandeur  of  altitude 
which  the  late  Mrs.  Siddons  could  so  well 
portray- 

Nos.  7  and  8  arc  ornamental  bord«n 
from  chambers  In  Pompeii. 

No.  8  is  a  carefnl  drawing  of  the  re- 
mains of  the  temple  of  Venus  at  Baiie. 
The  structure  is  of  Roman  brick  ;  this 
was  formerly  covered  with  white  marble. 

No,  9  is  a  view  of  the  Street  of  the 
Tombs  at  Puzfooli.  They  were  srated  on 
A*  branch  of  the  Appisn  Way,  and  were 
buried  at  a  remote  period  by  one  of  those 
convulKtons  of  the  earth  so  prevalent  in 
this  volcanic  district.  The  tombs,  which 
are  larger  than  these  of  Pompeii,  were,  at 
subsequent  times,  dug  out  and  rifled  of 
their  contents.  They  have  now  the  ap« 
pearance  of  caverns  on  cither  side  a  hollow 
way.  The  drawings  of  Mr.  Albin  Martin 
display  considerable  power  as  au  artist, 
combined  with  the  strictest  truth. 

Sir  Henry  ELHa  communicated  from  the 
Cottonian  MS8.  a  project  for  amendinf 
the  sewerage  of  the  city  of  London,  from 
the  waters  near  St.  Agtiet  le  Clere,  dated 
«t)  April,  1605, 

Thomas  Bateman,  jnn.  eeq.  of  Bake- 
well,  commnnicated  a  description  of  m* 
veral  barrows  in  Derbyshire,  opened  by 
htm  during  tlie  summer  of  1843,  accom- 
panied with  numerous  drawings  of  the 
relics  discovered  in  them.  It  was  found 
thttt  moat  of  them  had  been  opened  before, 

Feb.  ^i.     Mr,  Hamilton  in  the  chair. 

William  Staunton,  esq.  of  Loogbridge- 
honte,  near  Warwick,  exhibited  an  ori- 
ginal appointment  by  Letters  Patent  of 
the  Duke  of  Somerset  as  Protector  of 
Edward  the  Sixth.  It  i*  of  a  different 
date  to  those  before  knofim ;  and  is  sign- 
ed by  all  the  privy  coutieti,  hut  appeara 
never  to  have  received  the  great  seal.  It 
is  supposed  to  have  been  preser? ed  among 
the  muniments  of  the  l^hiffm  family,  de- 
scended from  the  Attorney-General  of 
that  period. 

John  Gough  Nichols,  esq.  P.S,A.  com- 
mnnicated  a  paper  on  the  andeot  Amity 
subsistiiig  between  tine  Companies  of 
Goldsmiths  and  Fishmongers  of  London, 
and  their  consequent  partkipatlon  of 
ooat^armour.  This  latter  oiroiutiataiioe. 
2Q 


298 


AHtiquarian  Reitanhtt, 


[Much, 


which  it  mentioned  by  Stowe  in  con- 
nexion with  the  former,  teems  tcarcely  to 
hM?e  been  undentood  by  him,  inasmuch 
as  there  is  no  community  in  the  arms  of 
the  Companies,  and  he  offers  no  other  ex- 
planation of  it.  Mr.  Nichols  points  out 
several  private  coats,  principally  of  citi- 
zens, and  some  certainly  Fishmongers, 
in  which  fish  are  found  as  charges  in 
combination  with  the  leopard's  head  of 
the  Goldsmiths,  and  he  therefore  con- 
cludes that  the  participation  took  place 
in  those  private  coats.  The  circumstance 
occurred  at  an  early  period,  probably  in 
the  reign  of  Edward  II.  and  therefore 
long  before  the  incorporated  College  of 
Heralds  could  legislate  on  blazon. 


■OCIETY    OF    ANTiaVARIBS    OF   NEW- 
CASTLE. 

Feb.  5.  The  thirty-first  anniversary  of 
this  society  was  held,  on  which  occasion 
the  chair  was  taken  by  John  Clayton,  esq. 
when  the  usual  statement  of  accounu  was 
read,  after  which  the  report  of  the  council 
was  read  to  the  meeting.  It  stated,  in 
substance,  that  further  delay  had  been 
ezperienced  in  the  appearance  of  the  Pipe 
Rolls,  but  it  was  exi>ected  that  members 
who  had  subscribed  to  the  work  would 
shortly  receive  their  copies.  The  me- 
morial presented  to  the  Town  Council 
respecting  the  Brand  manuscripts  re- 
mained unanswered.  Successful  opera- 
tions had  been  carried  on  in  exploring 
Roman  stations  at  Risi ogham  and  Wal- 
wlck  Chesters :  Mr.  Shanks  had  en- 
riched the  society's  ctillectiou  with  various 
objects  of  antiquity  found  at  the  former 
place,  and  Mr.  Clayton  had  contributed 
to  the  Transactions  an  account  of  his  dis- 
coveries at  the  latter.  The  council  having 
found  that  there  were  sufficient  papers, 
with  those  contributed  during  the  past 
year,  to  forma  concluding  psrt  to  vol.  III. 
of  the  Transactions,  have  determined  to 
print  them,  and  an  interesting  part  will 
be  published.  Great  attention  has  been 
psid  to  the  elucidation  of  the  discoveries 
mentioned  above  by  plates,  &c.  Uy  the 
efforts  of  sundry  iudividusi  members,  se- 
veral gentlemen  have  joined  the  society, 
but  such  exertions  must  slill  be  kept  up 
in  order  to  secure  such  a  fund  as  will  en- 
able the  society  to  carry  on  the  measures 
for  which  it  was  originally  formed.  The 
following  gentlemen  have  become  mem- 
bers during  the  year,  namely,  P.  H. 
Howard,  esq.  M.P.  Corby  Castle  ;  Wm. 
Sydney  Gibson,  esq.  Newcastle ;  the  Rev. 
W.  F.  Raymond,  Archdeacon  of  North- 
umberland; Dr.  Bcsley,  Vicar  of  Long 
Benton  ;  Rev.  Edward  Hussey  Adamson, 
Incumbent  of  St.  Alban's;  11.  Ingledew, 
esq.  Newcastle;  J.  Straker,  esq.  Point 


Pleasant ;  George  Walker,  eiq.  erclutect, 
Newcastle.  Whust  these  acgnieitiftni  haTO 
been  made,  however,  the  MdeU  have  to 
lament  the  deaths  of  Meain.  Bnddle  mod 
Uewiuon,  and  the  resigiutioii  of  Cbria- 
topher  Blackett,  esq.  At  this  mectjng 
Charles  Roach  Smith,  esq.  was  elected  aa 
honorary,  and  Mr.  Ions  HewitMiB  an  or- 
dinary member.  The  yarioos  pesents 
received  during  the  year  were  laid  upon 
the  table  for  the  inspection  of  the  nem- 
ben ;  and  the  following  geatlemeii  were 
chosen  officers  for  the  ensuing  year: 
namely,  Prendent,  Sir  J.  E.  Swinbnme, 
Bart.  F.S.A.  X^iee-PrtridenU,  C.  W. 
Bigge,  esq. ;  Sir  C.  Monck,  Bart ;  and 
the  Rev.  J.  Hodgson.  Seeretmriet,  John 
Adamson,esq.  F.S.A. ;  and  Henry  Tomer. 
e»a.  Council t  J.  H.  Hinde,  cs(^.  M.P. ; 
John  Clayton,  esq. ;  John  Fenwid^eeo.; 
Rev.  James  Raine ;  Dr.  Headlam ;  R.  R. 
Dees,  esq.;  H.  G.  Potter,  esq.;  Dr. 
Charlton;  £.  Chamley,  esq.;  W.  Dick. 
son,  esq. ;  Thos.  Bell,  esq. ;  and  M.  A. 
Richardson,  esq. 

DU  PI.  I  CATC   nOSETTA  STONX. 

We  rejoice  to  announce  the  most  im- 
portant discovery  which  has  probably  erer 
yet  been  made  in  the  records  andliteratnre 
of  ancient  Egypt.  Every  reader  is 
acquainted  with  the  htstonr  of  the  cele- 
brated Rosetta  Stone,  and  the  bftppjr  snr* 
mise  of  Dr.  Young,  that  the  trilingnal 
inscriptions  on  that  interesting  monument 
were  three  versions  of  the  same  snlject. 
Following  out  this  idea,  mutilated  as  all 
the  Egyptian  part  of  the  stone  is,  hefbnnd 
that  what  remained  and  could  be  deciphered 
was  identical  with  the  Greek  text.  Hence 
our  grand  key  to  the  translation  of  the 
hieroglyphic  characters  and  hieratic  writ- 
ings found  among  the  relics  of  Egypt,  on 
rocks,  on  the  walls  of  buildings  of  every 
kind,  on  mummy-cases,  and  on  ptpyri; 
and  it  is  evident  that  whatever  could  extend 
or  add  to  this  key  must  be  of  the  utmost 
value. 

It  was  interpreted  that  the  Rosetta  in- 
stription  had  also  been  set  np  in  other 
temples  ;  and  the  learned  expressed  a  hope 
that  in  the  course  of  time  one  or  more  of 
them  might  reward  the  research  of  sealons 
antiquaries.  That  ho|>e  has  been  ftdfiUed. 
Dr.  Lepiint  hag  ditewered  another  copy  qf 
the  Rouetia  inscription  at  Meroe  !  :  !  The 
hieroglyphic  portion  is  unusually  perfect, 
and  so  we  are  informed  is  the  other 
Egyptian  writing.  Now,  then,  the  three 
legends  may  be  compared  throughout ; 
and  we  hesitate  not  to  say  that  this  is 
likely  to  create  a  great  revolution,  bv  a 
vast  accession  to  our  means  of  knowledge, 
in  the  literature  and  history  of  the  country 
so  truly  called  the  cradle  of  mankind. 


1844.] 


Antiquarian  Reuarehet. 


299 


Wc  believe  tkat  Dr,  Lepsius  U  dii-ected 

completely  to  explore  all  this  upper  di. 

YitioQ  of  the  country,  aod  will  not  rcviait 
•  C«iro  till  that  is  accomplished,  probably 

•bout  Aprit  After  some  repose  the  ci- 
I  peditioD  will  proceed  to  Syria— (Zrfftfrfl»*v 

nOHAK  ALTARg   AT   NEWCASTLE. 

Ma.  Urban, — Theaccoropariyiog  draw- 
inpi  represent  two  Roman  altars,  dug  up 
within  two  months  on  the  ootaidc  of  the 
itation  of  Po^vs  Mlu,  In  its  wentern  aub- 
Tirbs.  They  had  been  used  in  the  founda* 
tiona  of  White  Friar  Tower  (one  of  the 
towcra  of  the  town  wall  of  Newcastle),  the 
removal  of  which  led  to  the  discovery  of 
I  tbcM  f«maioa.     The  firtt  is  dedicated  to 


limm 


I  iilvsnus,  bat  the  name  of  the  dedicator  is 
unknown  to  m,  m  the  lower  part  of  the 
i  ftltar  has  been  eborn,  probably  aa  early  as 
,  the  reignof  Edward  I.  when  it  ia supposed 
L  |he  tower  was  erected^ 


.^ssi 


The  other  ia  of  neat  workmanship,  and, 

I  like  the  other,  about  sixteen  or  seventeen 

I  in  height,  hut  uninacribed. 

Tbeie  idd  to  the  convineing  evidence 

lllfeady  deduced  of  Newcastle  having  been 

f  1  Roman  station* 

It  ia  probable,  too,  that  we  may  not  err 
in  asti^ing  a  still  earlier  date  at  the 


period  of  its  first  occupation,  as  about 
three  years  ago  there  was  found  near  the 
same  spot  a  British  coin  in  a  coffin-Bhap«4 
chamber^  a  few  feet  below  the  present  sur- 
face. 

Relics  of  all  kinds  doubtless  lie  hidden 
throughout  the  town,  until  some  fortuitooa 
circumstance  brings  them  to  light. 

Netccoiih,        Geo.  B.  Ricua&dsom, 


LAKE    MtZatS. 

M.  Linant,  who  fills  a  high  post  ss  en* 
gineer  in  the  service  of  the  Pacha  of 
Egyptf  has  published  a  memoir  clearing 
up  a  point  which  has  long  been  a  subject 
of  great  perplexity  amongst  learned  men 
— the  site  of  the  ancient  Lake  Moerisi 
described  by  Herodotus  as  an  artificial 
lake  3600  stadia,  or  360  geographical 
miles,  in  circumferejice,  receiving  the 
waters  of  the  Nile  during  the  inundation^ 
and  flowing  back  again  as  the  water  fell. 
Whilst  surveying  the  valley  of  FayQm,  in 
the  Libyan  hills,  as  engineer  in  the  service 
of  the  Pacha  of  Egypt,  M.  Liuant  one  day 
perceived  something  like  the  transverse 
section  of  a  mound,  on  the  top  of  the 
bank  on  both  sides  of  a  ravine,  and  com- 
menced an  investigation  which  led  him  at 
oocc  to  the  discovery  of  a  great  dam,  ob- 
literated in  many  places,  but  still  so  fre- 
quently triiceabte  that  its  general  outline 
may  be  determined  with  certainty.  It 
enclosed  an  area  of  about  150  square 
miles.  M«  Linant  shows  clearly  that  the 
outline  which  he  has  traced  coincides  per- 
fectly with  the  sites  of  Crocodilopolis,  for 
example,  and  the  Labyrinth,  connected 
with  it  by  the  ancients.  He  has  also 
pointed  out  the  remains  of  the  two  pyra- 
mids in  the  Lake  described  by  Heradotui. 


AXCIBNT  WKArON8  FOUNU  IN  ISSBX* 

There  have  lately  been  found,  under  the 
bottom  of  a  deep  ditch  in  Rayne,  in  Essext 
a  number  of  celts,  and  parts  of  spear  * 
heads,  in  bronze,  evidently  ancient  Britiah, 
together  with  a  quantity  of  copper  ones  ; 
the  celts  (heads  of  a  sort  of  battle>axe)  are 
of  various  sizes,  and  all  more  or  less  in* 
jured,  and,  with  the  ftmgments  of  spear- 
heads, amounted  to  18  in  number.  The 
celts  bad  originally  all  been  cast  lu  diife- 
rent  moulds.  Seven  of  them  are  to  be  de« 
posited  in  the  Walden  Museum :  the 
others  remain  with  a  private  collector. 


TBB   CAVIS   TBlfPiKS    OF   IKUIA. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Royal  Asiatic 
Society  on  the  3d  Feb.  Mr.  J.  Pergosson^t 
memoir  on  the  Cave  Temples  of  India, 
(already  partially  noticed  in  p.  IBS,)  waa 
concluded. 

Mr.  Fergnsson  divides  all  the  care- 
temples  of  lodia  into  fire  clasaet*    The 


30O 


A  hiiq uarian  Renarcfiei. 


[MtrcU. 


Urtt,  or  moti  uad^Qi,  be  teroai  viharai  qt 
montctic  cifemf.  TbesCi  tlxougk  one  in 
obje<^  And  arraDgtsmeotj  ^re  Tcrf  variouft 
to  execution.  In  the  itimplest  iDitaucts 
they  are  natural  cavertia  somewhat  en- 
larged ajdd  iiDpro¥ed  by  art ;  in  more  ela- 
borate eJLamples  they  are  exie&ded  to  a 
square  cell^  with  a  porch  ;  and  Uitly,  to 
AQ  «st«niive  ball,  lupported  by  niaisy 
columnif  ■urroaiuied  by  cetia  for  the 
abode  of  the  pri««t,  mid  baTing  opposite 
the  entrance  a  deep  reoesit  or  aanctwyt 
in  which  are  uauolly  placed  alatue*  of 
Buddha  and  bia  attendanu.  By  far  the 
majofity  of  Buddhist  excavatioDs  are  of 
this  cUsc ;  and  the  woAt  ppleodid  of  tbeae 
trt  at  Ajauta  :  there  «re  aUo  tine  apeci- 
meatf  at  EUora  and  Saiaette. 

The  aecond  elaaa  ia  th«t  of  the  chaifya 
cuTei.  Tbeae  are  the  teaiples  of  the 
Buddbiwts  i  and  oae«  at  leaatf  ik  aiUt'hed 
to  every  iiet  of  cavea  in  India.  The  plan 
and  arrangeiDBnt  of  tbeae  is  axactly  alike  ; 
And,  unlike  the  vihura*,  the  olde»t  differ 
in  nothing  from  the  moat  modern,  except 
m  si^e.  They  have  all  an  external  porch, 
§jBk  internal  gallery  over  the  entrancCt  and 
a  nave  or  centre  aisle,  at  lea»t  twice  as 
long  as  broad,  covered  by  a  vaultf  with  a 
leaii-domt;  over  choHya,  or  dayhopi.  The 
whole  interior  i»  surrounded  by  a  riorronr 
Aiale,  separated  from  the  nave  by  roatisy 
columns,  and  roofed.  The  most  perfect 
chaitya  ctixt  m  India,  and  in  Mr.  Fcr- 
gusAon^s  opinion  the  most  ancient^  it  that 
at  Carlee* 

These  two  rlas&es  comprise  the  Budd- 
hist caves.  The  third  claas  ore  the 
Urabminieal  ca¥es.  Thei^e  are  copies  of 
Buddhist  tikarat,  and,  until  closely  ei^ 
aisined,  appear  as  though  they  werf 
Buddhist  caves  appropriated  to  Brah- 
minical  use.  A  nearer  acc|uaiatance« 
however,  shows  much  did'crence  in  At* 
t«U.  They  are,  moreover,  never  sur- 
rounded by  cells,  the  oionastic  state  not 
being  adopted  by  tlie  Brahmuns ;  and  the 
walls  are  sculptured.  And  never  painted^ 
as  in  the  viharu  caves.  Tl^e  fineai  spe- 
cimens are  at  Ellora  and  Elepbauta. 

The  fourth  class  are  n-*^  .....r,...-!.. .  «».  ^  . 
they  are  imitations  of  bi  1, 

U  the  rock  they  are  ct     i  liy 

higher  than  the  tempk  itM^lf,  thc^y  louk 
ai  though  they  were  built  in  piu  Thus 
they  e^n  never  he  properly  aeen,  and 
have  an  ioiignificant  spprjtmnce.  They 
are  in  worse  taste  than  cither  of  the 
classes  tpeutioned,  although  of  coii^der* 
Able  tntereist  to  the  ant)«iuarT.  The  far- 
funed  KyUi  at  Ellora  is  of  this  elasa. 

The  tifth  class  are  the  /tflntf  caves, 
which,  unless  it  com  prebends  the  Jndnt 
9^hm  group  at  EIIqiVj— #nMtt«r  of 


uncertainty, — contains  but  few  spedmens, 
anil  these  of  smiill  importance >  They 
consiit  of  a  number  of  ooloisal  figures  e«t 
iu  the  rock,  and  aometiines,  but  not 
alwayi,  with  a  screen  left  ftAoding  befofv* 
thus  constituting  a  chamber.  The  adrip- 
ture  i»  rude,  and  in  had  taste. 

in  connection  with  the  subject,  Mr. 
Perguason  made  some  remarks  on  the 
religions  of  lndi«.  He  is  of  opinion  that 
previous  to  the  appearance  of  Sakya  Muni, 
in  tlie  lijilh  century  before  Chrijit,  there 
CJciited  in  India  a  Brahminirai  religion,  a 
sort  of  fire-worship,  very  different  from 
modern  BrfLbminism  ;  and  that,  eontem* 
porary  with  it^  there  was  a  Buddhistienl 
religion,  differing  but  little  from  it.  Kings 
and  people  went  from  one  to  the  other 
without  difficulty  or  excitement;  ond  in 
the  descriptions  left  by  the  Greeks,  and 
in  native  records «  we  find  it  diflicalt  to 
distinguish  between  them.  He  is  also  of 
opinion  that,  from  the  period  of  Asoka, 
n.c.  '250,  to  the  fifth  ceotuiy  of  our  era, 
Buddhiim  was  the  prefaiung  faith  of 
Northern  India,  while  firahminism  ruled 
in  the  south ;  and  that  during  this  par> 
tioijiation  of  territory  that  polytheistie 
HrahtniniAin  waii  aiabomted  which  now 
]ire\ailh  tlinikiL'hout  India.  He  concludes 
that  rb  ive-diggers  of  lodiawere 

Buddin  ere  altcrwards  imitated 

by  the  ilraiimiiiA  ;  and  as  to  their  an- 
ti fruity,  tlial  none  are  to  old  as  the  date 
of  Asoka.  Mr.  Fcrgusson  finished  by 
deploring  the  continued  destruction  of 
these  remains,  and  more  particularly  ol 
the  paintings,  from  tlie  injuries  of  the 
climate,  from  their  incrustation  by  Ifae 
soot  from  the  natire  cooking- ftraa,  and  by 
the  more  destructiire  propanailiea  of  £a« 
ropcan  curiosity-fanciers,  who  seldom 
vi^it  a  temple  without  carrying  off  a  head 
or  two,  picked  out  of  the  wall,  which  is 
utusUy  eruahed  to  powder  before  reaching 
its  de fit! nation. 

These  observations  elicited  from  the 
meeting  a  resolution  to  use  all  possible 
means  to  get  copies  made  of  some  of  these 
paintings,  and  e»)iei  ially  those  of  AjJinta, 
which  were  more  particuhirly  alluded  to 
by  Mr.  Fergusson. 


aovAL  vAtLTs  IX  rauaara* 
The  King  of  Prussia,  during  a  visit  to 
Quidtinburg,  at  the  end  of  Norembeft 
inspected  the  v suits  under  the  chapel  of 
the  castle «  which  are  formed  entirely  In 
the  sandstinic,  and  which  are  said  to  pre« 
serve  fur  sgt-s  the  bodies  which  ore  buried 
in  them.  His  Majesty,  having  deter- 
mined  to  asoertain  the  fact  by  nis  OWB 
observstion.  ordered  the  tomb  of  Henry  I* 
who  died  to  £>.lt>f  to  be  opened  ;  but  hia 


i8440 


Antiquarian  Reiearches, 


301 


I 


I 

I 

I 


I 


rem&lna  were  eiitij^ly  JHed  op^  teaviag 
no  features  disoernible,  and  the  Teatmeots 
were  all  reduced  to  dtiat.  The  King  then 
inspecred  that  of  the  celebrated  Couotest 
of  Komgsmsrkt  mother  of  Marshal 
Sajte,  who  was  btuied  in  172«.  Her  body 
WW  in  an  astooishnigly  perfect  state,  in. 
lomuch  that  the  beaut jr  fur  which  she  wn^i 
m  oeUbrated  was  itill  apparent.  Her 
larmeoUt  coiuistinf  of  a  robe  of  lilver 
bi^cade,  a  cap  in  the  fashion  of  Mary 
Queen  u1  Scott,  of  white  velvet,  trimmed 
with  silver  uod  pearU,  white  ailk  itock- 
iogSf  aud  white  laHa  ahoe^t  were  all  as 
freah  and   hriliiaat  as   wlieci   they   were 


CAttTMAGINtAlf  BUST. 

A  butt  of  Piiriaa  marble  in  ^ood  pre. 
■ervattOD,  aud  of  excelleot  style,  as  it  ti 
said,  ba«  recently  been  dug  up  at  Cber« 
chell,  io  Afrieni  supposed  to  be  that  of 
Ptolemy,  son  of  Uie  aecood  Juba,  and  last 
iDOg  of  Mauritaoia  Tiogitana,  wliich  is 
fllliabk  as  bein^  unique.  Cherehell  in 
Hie  a&eient  Ccsarea^  the  capital  of  that 
kinfiotii.  The  bust  i»  a  portr^iit  of  a  man 
io  tbe  freahness  of  youth ,  with  the  royal 
fiUafe  0«t  his  brow;  and  has  a  strikiog  re- 
lemblaoce  to  the  likeness  on  tbe  coins  of 
the  Ptolemy  in  question.  Jt  is  destined 
for  the  Royai  Muieum  at  Paris. 


FAKNCH    ANTIQUAKIA^N    1  NrKLLlGKHCl. 

The  Miaistor  of  the  Interior  haa  iaamsd 
a  circular  to  the  preCocta  of  departmoiita, 
enjoining  them  not  to  allow  pJaatef-caata 
to  be  taken  of  scul[>tured  work  in  any 
public  monumeut  under  their  control 
wJtiMNIt  capeciul  authorisation ;  it  having 
Imm  iofllld  that  much  damage  has  been 
eauaed  by  careless  persons  tu  operations 
of  thia  nature.  The  method  of  copying 
inscriptious  and  inciaed  work  by  rabbings 
is  now  wideJv  praodaed  iu  France,  though 
introduced  there  only  two  years  ago  by 
ooe  of  the  Euglish  correspoudeuts  of  the 
Comit^  Historique.  The  Freiuih  method 
of  naiog  atroo^  unsized  paper,  wetted  and 
tmpresced  into  the  cavities  of  inscriptions, 
&c.  by  meaos  of  a  fine-haired  brush,  is 
alao  practised,  and  in  ^iome  casein  it  is  a 
better  method  than  the  former.  The  only 
objeetion  to  it  is  tbe  length  of  time  ii  re- 
quires, and  perhapa  lis  want  of  portability. 
Jt  applies,  bowerer,  to  objects  in  low 
relief  much  better  than  the  black-lead 
method.  We  have  seen  a  beautiful  series 
of  Greek  mediafval  ioscri|itioos  and  scalp* 
tuns  thus  copied,  and  brought  home  by 
Mastic  Didrofi  and  Dunuid  when  Ibey 
Tjiitfid  tliAl  oBaatnr. 

Tbe  Cooute  Hiat^riqiM  has  loudly  d«* 


dared  itself  againat  the  practice  of  puttiug 
UD  the  diaUplates  of  ^locka  on  the  fronts 
of  medieval  churches.  lunumffrable  in- 
stances have  occurred  iu  which  the  fine 
effect  of  a  front  of  the  1 3th  or  14th  cen- 
turies hag  been  much  spoiled  by  an  inap- 
propriateappeudiiof  thi«!  kind.  '*  Clocks," 
the  Comit^  ob^en-e,  *'  are  better  suited 
to  the  fronts  of  town -halls  and  mayoriea 
than  to  ecdesiaitical  buildings/*'  It  would 
be  a  desirable  thing  if  the  old  peafs  of 
bells  eoQld  be  re-established  in  all  the 
churches  of  France  ;  In  this  respect  at 
leastf  though  tbe  buildings  of  England 
are  deficient  In  others^  the  churches  have 
a  title  to  superiority. 

M.  Dupasquierjr  profesaor  of  architect 
ture  at  the  Ecole  la  Martiniere  at  Lyons^ 
haa  opened  a  class  for  workmeo  (masons, 
sculptors,  carpeaters,  louthf^,  £u:.}  who 
are  desirous  of  studying  the  works  of  art 
and  the  methods  of  the  middle  ages*  It 
ifi  well  attended. 

The  epitaph  of  an  Englishman,  named 
Andrew  Young  (oh.  tG57},  has  been 
lately  discovered  under  the  whitewash  of 
the  church  of  Notre  Dame  at  Calais, 

In  the  church  of  Saint  Blaise  at  Aries 
there  have  been  recently  brought  to  light 
a  quantity  of  small  earthenware  horos 
and  pots  placed  in  the  wall  of  one  of  the 
nompaitments  of  tbe  nave  for  acoustic 
purposes;  they  date  back  to  about  1?B0. 
Numerous  churches  in  Spain  have  heeti 
observed  by  Baron  Taylor  to  have  their 
▼aultixm^  formed  of  various  kinds  of  pot* 
tery  ;  and  abundant  specimens  have  been 
deposited  by  him  in  the  Ceramic  Museum 
at  Sdvrea. 

A  cast  of  the  scull  of  Jean  sans  Pear, 
Duke  of  Burgundy,  has  been  preaented 
to  the  Comit^  Histortque.  The  scull 
was  found  in  1841  in  the  church  of  St. 
Benigue  at  Dijoo,  and  bore  the  traces  of 
the  death -won  ud  inflicted  on  the  Duke 
at  the  fatal  bridge  of  Montereau, 

A  Gaelic  tomb  has  been  lately  laid  open 
near  Louviers  io  Normandy.  Under  a 
large  Druidic  stone,  was  found  a  number 
of  skeletons  arranged  as  the  radii  of  a 
circlet  with  the  feet  inwards.  Along 
with  them  were  o  small  axe -head  in  jade, 
a  boue-haodle  fitted  for  a  wooden  one 
larger  si2e,  and  «  bone  hammer. 

The  cathedral  church  of  Koyon  and 
the  churobe»  at  Laon  and  Chalans  sur 
Marne  are  stated  to  be  exceedingly  rich 
in  incised  slabs  and  sepulchral  inooumenti 
of  all  kinds.  A  notice  on  tUoic  uf  Noyon 
(extending  in  a  series  from  tbe  13  ih  to 
the  end  of  the  IBth  century)  has  been 
drawn  up  by  one  of  the  members  of  the 
ecclesiastical  aemioary  at  Beauvala. 


302 


HISTORICAL   CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


Fib.  1.  Her  Majesty  this  day  opened 
tbe  Setsion,  and  delivered  the  following 
Speech. 

**  My  Lordt  and  Otntlemtn, 

**  It  affords  me  great  satisfaction  again 
to  meet  you  in  Parliament,  and  to  have 
tbe  opportunity  of  profiting  by  your  as- 
•istance  and  advice. 

'*  I  entertain  a  confident  hope  that  the 
general  peace  so  necessary  for  the  happi- 
ness  and  prosperity  of  all  nations  will 
continue  uninterrupted.  My  friendly 
rdations  with  the  king  of  the  French, 
and  the  good  understanding  happily  esta- 
blished l^tween  m^  Government  and  that 
of  his  Majesty,  with  tbe  continued  assu- 
iinces  of  the  peaceful  and  amicable  dis- 
positions of  all  Princes  and  States,  con- 
firm me  in  this  expectation.  1  have 
directed  that  tbe  treaty  which  I  have  con- 
dnded  with  the  Emperor  of  China  shall 
be  laid  before  you,  and  I  rejoice  to  think 
that  it  will,  in  its  results,  prove  highly 
advantageous  to  the  trade  of  this  country. 
Throughout  the  whole  course  of  my  ne- 

r«iations  with  the  Government  of  China, 
have  uniformly  disclaimed  the  wish  for 
any  exclusive  advantages.  It  has  been 
my  desire  that  equal  favour  should  be 
shown  to  the  industry  and  commercial 
enterprise  of  all  nations. 

<*  The  hostilities  which  took  place 
during  the  past  year  in  Sinde  have  led  to 
the  annexation  of  a  considerable  portion 
of  that  country  to  the  British  possessions 
in  the  East.  In  all  tbe  military  opera- 
tions, and  especially  in  the  battles  of 
Meanee  and  Hyderabad,  the  constancy 
and  valour  of  the  troops,  Native  and 
European,  and  the  skill  and  gallantry  of 
their  distinguished  Commander,  have 
been  most  conspicuous.  I  have  directed 
that  additional  information  explanator)-  of 
tbe  transactions  of  Sinde,  shall  be  forth- 
with communicated  to  you. 

**  Gentlemen  of  the  Home  of  Com^ 

MOIU, 

«•  The  Estimates  for  tbe  ensuing  year 
will  be  immediately  laid  before  you. 
They  have  been  prepared  with  a  strict 
rmrd  to  economy,  and  at  the  same  time 
with  a  due  consideration  of  those  exigcn- 
dea  of  the  Public  Service  which  are  con- 
nected with  the  maintenance  of  our  ma- 
ritime strength,  and  the  multiplied  de- 
mands on  the  Naval  and  Military  Esta- 
bilahiiienta  from  the  various  parts  of  a 
idddj-csttiiM  Enpira. 


<<  My  Lordt  and  Ocnihmen, 

'<  I  congratulate  vou  on  the  improved 
condition  of  severai  important  branchea 
of  the  trade  and  manufactures  of  tbe 
country.  I  trust  that  the  increased  demand 
for  labour  has  relieved,  in  a  correspond- 
inff  degree,  many  classes  of  my  faithful 
subjects  from  sufferings  and  privatioDS, 
which  at  former  periods  I  have  nad  occa- 
sion to  deplore. 

**  For  several  successive  years  the  an- 
nual produce  of  the  Revenue  fell  short  of 
the  Public  Expenditure.  I  confidently 
trust  that  in  the  present  year  tbe  public 
income  will  be  amply  suffident  to  deftiy 
the  charges  upon  it.  I  feel  assured  that, 
in  considering  all  mattere  connected  with 
the  financial  concerns  of  the  country,  yoit 
will  bear  in  mind  tbe  evil  consequenoea 
of  accumulating  debt  during  tbe  time  of 
peace,  and  that  vou  will  finmv  resolve  to 
uphold  that  public  credit,  the  mainte- 
nance of  which  concerns  equally  tbe  per- 
manent interests  and  the  honour  and  re- 
putation of  a  great  country. 

'*  In  the  course  of  the  present  year  the 
opportunity  will  occur  of  giving  notice  to 
the  Bank  of  England  on  the  subject  of 
the  revision  of  its  Charter.  It  maybe 
advisable  that  during  the  Session  of  Psr- 
liament,  and  previously  to  the  arrival  of 
the  period  assigned  for  the  giving  of  such 
notice,  the  state  of  the  law  with  rmrd 
to  the  privileges  of  the  Bank  of  Enr. 
land,  and  to  other  Banking  Establiah- 
ments,  should  be  brought  under  your  con- 
sideration. 

<*At  the  close  of  the  last  Session  of 
Parliament,  I  declared  to  you  my  firm  de- 
termination to  maintain  inviolate  the  Le- 
fislative  Union  between  Great  Britain  and 
reland.  I  expressed,  at  the  same  time^ 
my  earnest  desire  to  co-operate  with  Par- 
liament  in  tbe  adoption  of  all  such  mea- 
sures as  might  tend  to  improve  the  sodal 
condition  of  Ireland,  and  to  develope  the 
natural  resources  of  that  part  of  tbe 
United  Kingdom.  I  am  resolved  to  act 
in  strict  conformity  with  this  decUraHon. 
I  forbear  from  observations  on  events  in 
Ireland,  in  respect  to  which  proceedinga 
are  pending  before  tbe  proper  legal  tri* 
bunal. 

"  My  attention  has  been  directed  to 
the  state  of  the  law  and  practice  with 
regard  to  the  occupation  of  land  in  Ire- 
land. I  have  deemed  it  advisable  Co  in- 
•tScnte  eitensive  local  inqniriet  into  % 


1844.] 


Proeeedinffs  in  Parliament. 


I 


fubjeol  of  to  much  importance,  and  hare 
unpointed  a  Coonmi&fiton  with  ample  au- 
XhoTky  to  conduct  the  requisite  investi- 
gmtion. 

*''  I  recommend  to  your  early  consider* 
ition  ttte  cimetmenU  ut  present  in  force 
in  Ireliind  concerning  the  Kcgistrution  of 
Voters  for  Members  of  Pitrliameiit.  Vou 
will  probably  find  thai  a  revision  of  the 
Law  of  Registration  p  taken  in  cotyunc- 
tton  with  other  causes  at  present  tn 
operation,  would  produce  a  material  di- 
minution of  the  number  of  county  vo* 
terSf  ttnd  that  it  may  be  advisable  on 
that  account  to  consider  the  state  of 
the  law,  wilb  ■  view  to  an  extension  of 
the  County  Franchise  in  Ireland. 

**  I  commit  to  your  clelibcrnte  consi. 
deration  the  various  important  questions 
of  public  policy  which  will  necessarily 
come  under  jour  review,  with  full  con- 
fidence in  your  loyalty  and  wisdom,  and 
with  an  earnest  prayer  to  Almighty  God 
to  direct  and  favour  your  pfiforis  to  pro- 
mote the  welfare  of  all  classes  of  roy 
pcopTc." 

The  Address  was  moved  in  the  Housi: 
OF  LoBps  by  Lord  Etdxmy  and  seconded 
by  Lord  Hilff  which  after  a  brief  debate 
was  piJtscd  without  any  amendment. 

Feb.  8.  Lord  Broupham  moved  the 
second  reading  of  the  Uuke  of  Rich- 
mond's Bill  fur  discontinuing  certain  ac- 
tions which  had  been  commenced  under 
several  statutes^  for  the  prevention  of  ex- 
cessive Gamino,  and  to  prevent  for  the 
future  the  brit^gtng  of  such  actions.  Lord 
CmnpheH  and  the  Bithop  ftf  London  were 
tn  favour  of  the  Bill,  but  the  Bishop  of 
Exeter  opposed  it. —  Rend  a  second  time^ 
and  a  third  on  the  following  day, 

Feb*  \^,  Th£  Earl  of  IZr>o»  moved  the 
thanks  of  the  House  to  Lieut.- General 
Sir  C.  Napier,  and  to  the  ofRccrs  and 
nicn^  for  their  decisive  victories  in  Slvdl'. 
The  Earl  of  Ancktand  seconded  the  mo- 
tion, ftnd  the  Duke  of  Welling  ion  pro- 
nounced •  very  bfgb  eulogium  on  the 
generalsbip  and  bravery  of  bir  C.  Napier. 
— Carried  unanimonsiy, 

Feb.  13.  The  Marquess  of  Normanby 
moved  a  resolution  expres<ivc  of  the  in- 
tention of  the  Hou«e  to  inquire  into  the 
cases  of  discontent  in  I&fland.  The  prin- 
cipal speakers  were  Lord  IVhamelifef 
Lord  hoden,  JMarquess  of  C tan  near de^ 
Lord  Devon,  SiC.p  when  the  debate  was 
uf^ourued. 

House  or  Commons. 

Fei  J .  The  Speaker  having  read  the 
Queen's  Sii€«?<^h,  Lord  Clive  moved  the 
Address,  which  was  seconded  by  Mr. 
Otrdwell'  ^'^'  ^-  <^^«'/*''*^  '"*'**^'*  »•" 
iaifll4fn€nt  dcclaffttory  of  ibc  detennina. 


tton  of  the  House  to  inquire  into  grier* 
anees  previously  to  granting  supplies, 
which  was  lost  by  29  votes  to  2S5 ;  and 
Mr,  ffume  moved  the  inserrion  of  several 
paragraphs^  referring  to  tbe  Corn  Laws, 
the  distresses  of  the  working  classes^ 
public  establishments,  &€,»  whicb  were 
rejected  by  2:35  votes  to  49. 

Feb.  5.  Mr.  Oladitane  moved  for  a 
committee  to  revise  the  standing  orders 
on  Railways.  Not  less  than  66  pri- 
vate Bills  connected  with  Roads  had  been 
given  notice  of  for  (be  present  leission, 
and  he  therefore  thought  the  present 
time  favourable  for  demanding,  in  ex- 
change for  the  facilities  applied  for, 
that  tbe  public  should  receive  greater  ad- 
vantages than  they  now  enjoyed.  Mr. 
Labouchere  approved  of  the  appointment 
of  a  committee.  Sir  R.  Peel  said  Parlia* 
ment  bed  granted  extensive  powers  to 
existing  Companies,  and  he  did  not  qties* 
tion  the  right  to  control  those  Companies^ 
but  he  ihooght  a  great  difierence  ought  to 
be  made  between  new  and  old  Companies. 
He  thought  the  Companies  would  do  welt 
to  consider  the  edl^ct  that  might  yet  be 
produced  by  the  adaptation  of  the  prin- 
ciple of  the  Atmospheric  Railway.  A 
Committee  was  then  appointed. 

Feb,  ti.  On  liie  motion  for  a  Com- 
niittcG  of  Supply,  Mr,  S.  Crauford 
moved  a  resolution  aflSmiing  the  necessity 
ot*  an  exam  i  nut  ion  into  the  com  po§  ition 
of  Che  Houiic,  beloie  voting  the  supplies, 
Mr,  Witiiama  seconded  it«  On  a  divi- 
sion, there  were  for  tbe  origi"Bl  motion 
13Q— 'for  Mr.  Crawford's  2^,  majority 
118, — The  House  then  went  in  com. 
mitteci  and  resolved  uminimoosly^  ^'  That 
a  supply  be  granted  to  Her  Mfljcsty.*'  — 
Sir  James  Graham  brought  in  a  Bill  "  for 
regulating  the  employment  of  Children, 
Young  Persons,  and  Women,  in  Fa€- 
TOftiES,"  which  was  read  tbe  first  time. 

Feb,  8,  Lord  AMhleu  moved  an  address, 
praying  **  that  Her  Majesty  will  be  gra- 
ciously pleased  to  take  into  ber  consider- 
ation the  situation  and  treatment  of  the 
A^f£Kas  OF  SiNDH ;  and  that  she  will 
direct  their  immediate  restoration  to  ti- 
bcrty,  ond  the  enjoyment  of  their  estates, 
or  with  such  provision  for  their  future 
maintenance  as  may  be  considered  a  just 
equivalent.^'  The  motion  gave  rise  to  a 
long  debate,  but  xvns  ultimately  nega- 
tived by  a  majority  of  202  to  58.  The 
Ameers  receive  an  annual  allowance  of 

Feb,  10.  Sir  Jsmet  Graham  brought  in 
a  Bill  for  the  further  Bmrndment  of  the 
Laws  relating  to  the  Pooa  in  EiigUnd, 
and  said  be  would  state  briflly  the  alrera- 
tion 6  proposed.  As  (here  wus  contidef- 
able  diiference  of  opinion  on  the  abolition 


304 


ForttgH  N€W9» 


\WUK&9 


of  the  Oilbfrt  Unloiif,  be  ilioiiW  not 
now  •bolijih  ihfm,  but  would  move,  on 
inotbrr  r?iy,  for  a  lelect  commit  lee  to 
inquire  into  their  operation.  The  bat- 
tiHy  law,  in  its  prepent  shape,  bad  oc- 
eosioned  great  dinuitifffaciion  in  Wales 
and  in  the  north  of  England,  and  he  had 
introdared  into  this  Bill  a  provision,  by 
which,  on  spplication  being  made  within 
forty  days  from  the  birth  of  the  child, 
there  should  be  power  given  to  two  ma- 
glatrates  to  make  an  order  of  maintenance 
on  the  putative  father,  operating  not  only 
■ltain«t  his  goods,  but  againstt  his  person. 
This  order  would  proceed  upon  the  oath 
of  the  mother,  fottified  by  some  corrobo- 
rative evidence. — Another  subiect  which 
needed  the  interference  of  Parliament, 
waa  the  want  in  large  towns  of  stmie 
'place  of  refuge  for  destitute  persons,  who 
now  had  no  shelter  but  under  walls  and 
'porticoes.  He  would  propose  to  esta- 
ntish  asylums  where  such  persons  should 
receive  not  only  ahf^Iter,  but  food  at  night 
and  food  in  the  morning,  on  condition  of 
working  for  four  hours.  The  fiill  was 
read  a  Arst  time. 

Fe§.  18.  Sir  IMert  Peei  moved  the 
thiinks  of  the  Hou«e  to  Msjor-Gen.  Sir 
Charles  Napier,  G.C.B..  tor  the  eminent 
skill,  enerf^,  and  gallantry  displayed  by 
hire  in  the  recent  Milptaby  Operationb 
IN  SiNDK,  particularly  in  the  two  deci- 
sive battles  of  Meanee  and  Hydrabad. 
The  previous  question  was  moved  by 
Mr.    Shmrmtm    Crawford;     when    the 


House  divided— Ayn  161.  Noet  a  Tte 
resolution  was  then  paiaed, 
tne  ofle 


conveying  thanks  to 

armyen(^ged  in  the  aame  campdfn. — 
Mr.  CkrUtie  moved  the  appmntneat  of 
a  Select  Committee,  "  to  consider  the 
expediency  of  reeogiitsing  the  Pctmjca- 
TiOK  or  Deiatii.  under  the  plceasre  ef 
the  House."  The  Hoom  divided,  Ar^ 
37.  Noes  Si. 

Feh.  13.  Lord  Jokn  Mn$§ii  moved 
for  a  Committee  of  the  whole  Hovse  to 
consider  the  State  of  Iaelaitd.  Hc 
mentioned  the  principal  events  since  the 
Union,  and  that  it  waa  an  abnainf 
symptom  that  three  millions  of  people 
should  be  desirous  for  its  repeal.  He 
deprecated  the  allowing  of  meatings  to 
go  on.  and  then  suddenly  isaning  s  Pro- 
clamation sgainst  tbem.  He  alM  repro- 
bated the  striking  off  the  muaei  of  ten 
papists  from  the  jury  list.  &c.*- Sir /«■••» 
Gmkmm  defendeid  the  condnet  of  the 
Government  with  reference  to  the  Reperi 
Prosecution.  Eight  Catbolica  were  stnMk 
off  the  jury  list  merely  because  they  were 
Repealers.  The  offence  of  wbiA  the 
traversers  were  found  guillv  waa,  lor 
holding  a  meeting,  not  in  itaelf  iUcgel*  for 
an  illegal  purpose. — The  debate  waa  tt^ 
sumed  on  the  14th,  i5th,  16th,  I9tb, 
SOth,  )ilst,  22d,  and  S3d  of  Februrj, 
and  at  an  early  hour  on  the  morning 
of  Saturday,  Feb.  84ch,  the  House  dl- 
vided,  Ayes  285— Noes  3M,  majority  99. 


FOREIGN   NEWS, 


raANcc. 
According  to  the  French  budget,  three 
years  of  profound  tranquillity  have  brought 
with  them  increased  wealth,  a  flourishing 
commerce,  and  an  income  which  already 
more  thun  balances  the  expenditure  of 
the  nation.  At  a  late  sitting  of  the 
chamber,  Messrs.  Larocfafjacquelin,  Bcr. 
nrer,  De  Valmav,  De  Laray.  and  Blin 
die  Bourbon,  the  Lvgitimifst  Deputies  who 
went  to  London  to  pay  homage  to  the 
Duke  de  Bordeaux,  tendered  to  the  As- 
sembly thu  resignation  ol  ilieir  scat!«, 
which  was  accepted. 

•PAIV. 

Another  revolution  has  broken  out  in 
this  unhappy  country.  It  first  appeared 
Ht  Alicnnte.  The  provincial  regiment  of 
Valencia,  stationed  in  the  town,  joined  in 
the  insurrection,  which  waa  directed 
against  the  government.  The  cry  of  the 
insurgents  was  '<  Lon^  live  the  conttitu- 
tinnHl  queen,  down  with  the  ministen." 
10 


The  military  commander  and  poUlfcal 
chief  were  surprised  end  arrested  bj  the 
custom-house  carabiniera.  The  eoundl 
of  ministers  at  Madrid  immediately  cave 
orders  for  the  arrest  of  the  leaders  ofthe 
Progrcssista  party,  and,  among  othere^  of 
several  deputies.  A  laigc  body  of  troopi, 
under  Brigadier  Cordova,  were  directed 
to  leave  Madrid  for  the  disturbed diatrieta. 
Attempts  at  insurrection  took  pleee  on 
the  2Qth  Jan.  at  Alcoy,  Elche,  Coean- 
toina,  and  Muro,  but  were  prottpdj 
checked  by  the  troops  and  the  inkabitanle. 
Carthagriia  followed  on  the  8nd  Feb.  the 
movement  of  Alicante.  The  governor  end 
several  chiefs  were  arrested  Sj  the  inaur- 
gents.  This  news  caused  the  moat  livtl j 
enthusiasm  to  break  out  in  Murda,  in 
favour  of  the  government.  Twentv  "  aua- 
pected  conspirators**  were  shot  at  Valencin 
by  General  Roncali ;  and,  in  retalletioo, 
Colonel  Ruis,  of  the  insument  bend,  shot 
a^  greater  number  of  RoyeuiMa  at  Morale, 
in  AUomte,  too,  even  shot  the 


1844.] 


Foreign  Nevit, 


SOS 


messenger  wbo  took  to  him  the  summons 
from  General  RoncftU  to  Burtender  j  and 
further  threatens  ro  put  to  dt-arh  ten  for 
every  one  that  Bhatl  be  ihot  by  the  troops 
opposed  to  him.  The  Mndrid  Gazette 
of  the  8ih  Feb,  contains  n  decree  of  the 
Queen^  restoriiig  to  her  mother  the  pen- 
•ion  of  which  she  had  been  deprived  by  tbe 
governtnefU  of  E'?portero,  Mud  a.  letter  to 
tbe  Minister  of  War,  from  General  N«r- 
¥ftez»  deehnlng  the  post  ot  Cttptniri-Gene- 
ral  of  the  army,  to  which  he  had  been 
inised.  The  ground  of  his  refu^nl  Is  ii 
desire  to  a%*oid  an  imputBiion  of  Bmbitioti. 


Di<*tyrbflriceB,  which  are  likely  to  be  of 
the  mo!it  serious  rons.eqtience,  have  broken 
out*  The  Septeoi brine  party  have  long 
been  engaged  in  con*piriitg  to  overturn 
the  present  order  of  llu'ngs  ■  nnd,  to  fur- 
ther their  object,  have  raised  coustiderMble 
Rtims  of  money,  with  the  view  of  hrtbrng 
the  army.  The  principal  mover  in  this 
revolytioiiary  Attempt  is  Count  Bomfim, 
formerly  minister  of  war.  Orders  were 
dispntehed  to  F-ro  to  arrest  newrly  hnlf 
of  the  officers  of  tlie  oth  bottaliort  nnd 
artillery  stationed  at  thut  pbee ;  and 
iimilar  orders  were  also  sent  off  to  other 
towns.  The  iib  eavHiry  at  Torres  Novas 
openly  declared  themselves  bustile  to  the 
ministry.  The  garrison  nt  Elves  is  fiaid 
also  to  have  revolted,  and  tbot  the  gover- 
nor, Lisbon  ifl  in  a  state  ot  high  excite* 
inent,  with  troops  under  arms  every 
night. 

CANADA. 

The  United  Legislature  has  been  diS' 
solved,  Sir  Charles  JMetcalfe  having  found 
it  impossible  to  proceed  with  the  refrae> 
tory  body.  In  his  parting  address  he 
tbankfl  tbero  for  the  measures  that  have 
received  the  royal  anscnc,  and  adds  that 
on  some  of  the  other  measurea  pro* 
pounded  the  prerogative  of  the  Crown  is 
tfTectedf  and  they  have  been  reserved  for 
the  coosidemtion  of  the  government  at 
home, 

RUSBtAf  6tC. 

The  Russian  Cabinet  has  made  con* 
cessions  in  the  Grecian  question,  which 
by  their  conciliatory  nature  will  advance 
the  general  peace,  Ruaaia  now  udheres 
to  the  opinions  put  forth  by  the  other 
great  European  Powers  which  hwve  re- 
cognised the  new  order  of  new  things  in 
Greece.  Important  conceasiont  have 
equally  been  mtirle,  it  is  stated*  by  the 
Emperor  on  the  subject  of  the  arrears  of 


the  Greek  loan.     An  mperial  ukate  hat 
been  received  in  Lithuania  to  transport  { 
the  Jews,  amounting  to  36t000  familieip 
to  a  distwnce  of  twtflve  leagues  from  their 
residences;    so    tbat  I50,om)  pernons  of  I 
all  agcN  are   at  ibis  moment  in  the  midfC  | 
of  all  the  rijiotirs  of  a  Lilbuaninn  winter. 
The  king  of  Wurtemburgb^  on  the  othecj 
hand,  has  ordered  a  grant  to  be  made  19] 
the  Jews,  for  keeping  up  iheir  places  of 
worship,   frcboolsi  and  bo^pitala,   in  ihc 
same  way  as  those  granted  to  other  reJi«  \ 
giou"?  sects.      The  preamble  of  the  A<!tj 
declares  that  all  ciiiiens^  of  w  batever  per- 
suaiionf   have  a   right    to  share   in    tbf 
benefitti  of  the  government,  aa  they  alt 
contribtJte  to  its  support. 

en  IN' A. 

On  the  25th  of  October,  the  Spanish, 
Dduiitu  and  part  of  the  French  factoriet 
were  destroyed  by  fire  ai  Cwnton,  The 
British  Consulate  was  also  burnt,  and 
nearly  30o0  Ctiinese  houses. 

On  the  9tb  Ort.  the  Supplementarj  | 
Treaty  was  signed  by  the  Briiisb  and 
Chinese  ministers.  It  secures  the  open- 
ing of  Fooeboo,  Amoy,  Ningpo,  and 
Shangbae*  under  the  siime  regulations  aa 
teuton,  Thia  treaty  will  be  sent  to 
England^  Some  American  gentlt^men 
having  gone  up  the  country,  the  English 
plenipotentiary  wrote  to  the  Chinete 
commissioner,  assuring  him  of  bis  anxiety 
to  prevent  such  a  trespass^  and  that  orders 
would  be  issued  to  apprehend  all  foreign- 
ers who  dared  again  transgress, 

INDIA. 

Tbe  Gwalior  chiefs  finding  tbemselvei 
placed  between  the  brigndea  of  General 
V^aliant  and  General  Grey^  have  surren- 
dered themselves,  A  part  of  their  teni- 
tory,  which  indented  inconveniently  into 
the  Companv's  dominions,  is  to  be  ceded 
to  the  British.  The  Sikh  chiefs  are  kept 
on  their  good  bebaviour,  from  apprehen* 
sinn  of  our  invading  their  territories.  The 
British  army  of  exercise  is  still  watching 
the  progress  of  events  there,  a  lid  ready  to 
act  the  moment  it  becomes  requisite. 

The  Affghan  government  is  as  feeble 
as  ever  in  the  hands  of  Dost  Mabomed, 
wbo^e  reported  deuth  by  assassination 
appears  to  have  been  incorrect.  Akbtir 
Khan  has  returned  to  Cabul  from  Jelli- 
labad.  The  three  nephews  of  Ynr  Ma- 
bomed at  Herat,  have  quarrelled  with 
their  uncle,  joined  the  two  sons  of  th« 
late  Sbah  Kamran  against  him,  and,  being 
victorious,  $uccc?eded  in  shutting  up  Var 
Mabomed  in  tbe  fort. 


4 


GiKT.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI 


3  R 


DOMESTIC  OCCURREXCES. 


The  rra!  of  Mr.  0'Conne^l  wrM  ocWn 

for  an  il].*^»\  cor.*&r»ry  ••  for  the  p«r- 
po««  of  e5r<tir.2  rt^cffrt  in  tb«  cofMci. 
turion  of  Irr.'tui  bv  o'her  tlun  rons^rv- 
tioft«I  0t«3ir.4."  ro^rrenrv*!  on  Mofwbj, 
Jan.  15.  Ill  rbr  CooT  of  Q-ketn\  Benck 
■C  DuU:n.  before  Ck'-^f  Ju*n4-«  Fen. 
hC^AThrr.  Mr.  JiMfir*  Burr>in.  Mr.  Jih- 
tire  Cnmpron,  »r.4  3lr.  Jusnce  P«nia. 
Tbe  Drputj  Clerk  of  the  i'ruwa  e^lH 
oo  the  rr«Ter«er«  to  nxii^  i'lfo  couR  in 
the  tfAio^^r.g  Offer: — Daniel  OToonell. 
Jl>^n  O'Cjfinrll,  Jokn  Grar.  Thomas 
S'erU.  R.rrj«ni  B«frert.  the  'Her.  Tbo. 
in«*  Tirrriry.  Crarirt  G-  DurTr,  Tbofiiat 
M.  Ittv.  ft'i'l  trc  RcT.  Fe:rr  J«me»  Tvr. 
reil;  •k«-n  Mr.  C'«nc«rr)i  •t»ted  the  de- 
rente  of  tbe  g<-nrlraun  Uk  lufned.  Hie 
fir«r  dty  «■■•  rofiMfoed  in  rkallen^nf 
tbejariir*.  but  tbe  next  Burn-nc  ^jury 
«■•  •Morri,  con«i»tiii7  of  the  fulio«ing 
^r' tlv'fBerk : — Jarr.e«  H4fTitIrcn.  foreman, 
E'lrtird  R/>p-r,  Eli^imrd  CUrke,  Francii 
VmtAkr.t',  J<A:n  (.'rokff,  Hrnry  Flynn, 
Hrnrjr  T^-oTff^m.  Au«ton  Floyd,  John 
Rik'bv,  R<i*>e:t  Har.na,  Wiliiaio  Loof- 
!leM/Wi!:uT.  O  d. 

Tbr  Clerk  of  (be  Crown  then  ffate^ 
th«C  the  I mver«rr«  *l  rbe  Imt  ttuod  indicted 
forh^Tir^r.  on  the  I3ch  Feb.  last  [1847. 
in  rhv  p4ri«h  of  sit.  M^rk,  in  tbe  riij  of 
DtiMin.  entered  into  a  concpimry  in  tbe 
manner  a^  set  out  in  tbe  indictment.  Tbe 
plradiiiit*  Were  opened  by  Mr.  Napier, 
who  \TmA  io<iuM-ed  by  (he  A:tomey.Ge- 
seral,  Mr.  CutM-k  Smith. 

The  ra«e  'or  the  Crown  waa  dosed  oo 
tli«  elerentb  dify  of  tbe  trial  Tbe  tM-elfth 
day  wiia  entirely  occupied  by  a  brilliant 
but  very  dikcuraive  speech,  delivered  by 
31  r.  Sbeil.  at  coun«el  fcr  Mr.  John 
O  Connell.  Tbe  next  day,  Mr.  Moore, 
Q.C.,  addressed  tbe  jury  in  favour  of  (be 
Rrv.  Mr.  Ti*mey ;  and  «aa  followed  by 
Mr.  Har.b<:II.  Q  C,  oo  brbaif  of  Mr. 
R<*y ;  on  the  ff »urteerith  day.  Mr.  Fits- 
gibbon  app^rtd  a«  adromte  for  Dr.  Gray, 
and  duriii((  hit  upcecb  mad«  permmal  re- 
flretiGnt  on  the  Attorney- General,  which 
were  fto  irritatinir  to  the  feeling*  of  that 
gentleman,  that  he  addressed  a  challenge 
to  Mr.  Fitz^ibbon,  which  tbe  latter  at 
once  reported  to  the  court.  This  occm- 
•ioried  considerable  iiitemiptiun  ;  and 
Mr.  Fitxgibbon  occupied  the  whole  of 
tbe  following  day.  On  (be  sizteen(h  day, 
Mr.  Whiteside  mude  a  speech  which  was 
bfghly  admired,  on  behalf  of  Mr.  Duffy; 
and  on  the  seventeenth,  Mr.  M*Donougb 
spoke  for  Mr.  fiarrett,  and  Mr.  Heon 
for  Mr.  S(eele.  On  tbe  nineteenth  day 
Of  the  trial,  Monday,  Feb.  b,  Mr.  O'Con- 


O^tte 


ictwncj. 


•cQi 

behntf.     Outbc 

oi^vcd  iv  tbe  McMC 

fine,    tbe    Sooncor. 

reply,  aad  bra  speccb  «h  ( 

the  two  fuCflwiaif  Anm.     Oa  tb*  f  t1j» 

third  day.  tbe  Cb^f  JmOcb   iiiBMiiiiJ 

his  cbafgc  to  tbe  jary,  wbich  mm  mm^ 

riaaed    oo    the    twvwcyUinrtb,   and   oft 

elevea  o'clock  at  'V*'  '^  J*T  VCB 

ready  to  cxw  tbcir  fwdict.     Froa  ccr- 

tun  uifomuatic9»  bawvar,  tbis  «■■  dc 

ferred  to  Moad«y.  Febu  12.     TW  w. 

diet  wws  very  roimmimam.  baC  iia  yiiri 

•eate  is  that  tbe  pasTies  «m  Gaillj  of 

the  several  coaats,  arkb  i    ~  " 

tioa«  to  a  ponioa of  the  1      __ 

Jhc.  17.  8c  Etbeldf«da-i 
Ely.plare,  ;tbc  aacicM  inainri 
of  the  awcrtpohtu  pa  law  af  tbe  I 
of  Ely.)  of  wbicb.  aatil  wiibia  tba 
few  weeks,  the  Ree.  J.  Ed««^  If  .A^ 
of  King's  Collcfc  Laadoa.  m  iha 
maister,  was  opens<  for  the  | 
of  tbe  Charch  btargy  ia  tba  WcU 
page.  Tbe  Rev.  Joba  R. 
lite  curate  of  Lampecer,  basbcs 
by  tbe  Lord  Bisbop  of  Lamiam  ta  tba  ba. 
ciuabency. 

Four  orders  ia  eoaadl.  dMad  Jib.  SI. 
carry  into  eflcet  tbe  raroaMMsdaliaaa  of 
the  ecelesiaaticBl  aoMiwiaasf  vitb  n* 
gaid  to  tbe  deanery  of  llaadaff  tba 
archdeaconry  of  1  hndaff ;  acv  anMia. 
conries  of  Monaioaib,  MoatgOMcry,  { 
and  a  new  an  hdaacoa  of  fiaa^.  tei, 
offices  of  arcbdaaeoa  of 
Anglesca  bctpg  seaantcd  froai  tbt  I 
rie  of  Baagor,  aod  no  \nm 
bishop  of  that  ace. 

/ea.  SO.  PortBTO  Ho 
ban.  was  dcstro>cd  by  6re,  wbicb  I 
out  io  tbe  bedroom  of  Lady  SeHaa  Kvr. 
So  rapid  was  tbe  prggrsai  of  tbe  f 
that  scarcely  a  vestige  of  tbt  i 
furniture  cuuld  be  saved;  a 
picture*  were  rescued,  bat  nany  otbcia 
were  destroyed.  Mr.  Karrwasaboatcs- 
pending  30,0011/.  in  baildipg  ■idiliut  to 
the  house,  under  the  directioaB  of  WdliMi 
Walker,  Esq.  architect,  of  Mnangbaa. 

Cahir  Castle,  tbe  taoaUir  eeaC  of  Load 
Glengall,  is  now  oecapitd  by  a  • 
meat  of  tbe  dep6t  of  the  idd  li 
£intry,  the  staff  of  the  Tipptiary  i 
and  artillery,  and  ia  fully  provii 
and  capabie  of  boldii^  600  naa.  __ 
is  tbe  only  fortified  rcaidcooi  ia  tba  1%. 
urior  of  Ireland.  Cabir  is  the  oeatra  of 
tbe  province  of  Monster,  and  is  of  aqaal 
distance  Iron  Ijmmdkt  Coritt  m4 
Watafford. 


bi^crboblbgr 


nii 


307 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


■BiRirfS  rom  Titi  ykaa  1844> 

Bedj.—G-  J.  Sollivan,  of  Lea^n^ve,  mi|. 
Berks.— E.  M.  Atkins,  uf  HiiiiCstOD  Lisle,  m^. 
BackB.— John  Bamcs,  of  Chorley  WwmJ,  esq- 
Cunbnd||>:e»hire&ncl  tlantinipjoniitifre — Robert 


Hutchinion  Lewiu,  of  March, 
;orow&ll— llenr>  Lewit  S 
OMtle.  10  St.  ive«»  flaq. 


Coraw&ll— llenr>  Lewit  Steptieoft,  of  Trefenna 


^0^*1 


Camb— Oeorfe  Uuriioni  of  Liathwaitet  nq. 
Chesliire— Oeor;;e    WilbniiiUD,   of    Delaine  re 

Uouae,  esq. 
l>erhyabir«— Sir  J,  R.  B.  Ckrt,  of  Streftou-en- 

1«-Fiek)9.  B«ft. 
0evo&— Henry  Cartvniflit,  at  Forde  Hotiae, 

eaq, 
Dorset— John  Fliiyer,  of  Weat  StaJford,  esq. 
Uurbain— Menry  Witham^  of  Lartinjrton,  ea*i. 
EasejL— Staiaes  Brocket  Brocket,  of  Spamabail, 

in  Wllllurale  Spaiu,  esq. 
Glauceatershl re— Joseph  I'orke,  of  Forthanip- 

ton  Court,  e^q 
Heret— T.  O.  demons,  of  Hynde  Park,  esq. 
Uertlbrdaliire- Frederick    Caas,    of    Uttlf- 

;rove.B«at  Bajrnet,  esq, 
Kent— jtr  J,  H.  Elawley,  of  Ley  bourne  Ormnft, 

Bart. 
LAncaster— Jotm  Powtten   HindJe,  of  WooU- 

Ibld  Park,  esq. 
Ldcentensib.— Lord  Archibald  Alr<^rnoa  Henry 

9t.  Manr.  of  Burton-ou  tht'-Wold*. 
Line— EIi»n.  C,  T.  CUffbriK  of  lrnh«m. 
Monitj.— Widt&iu  JoDe«f  of  ClytUa  House,  esq^ 
Norfolk— Sir  Julio  Peter  Boileau,of  Kettehn^- 

haiit.  [tart 
Northamptonshire— Sir  Henry  Edwmrd  Leigh 

Dryden,  of  Canons  Astiby^  lUirt 
Northumberland— )u) ward  John  (^Itinjrwood, 

Of  Qurton  Bouse  and  Lilburn  Towrr*  esq. 
Not ta— Charles  Paget^  of  Ruddioirtofi,  esq. 
Oafordab.— Waller  Strickiaiid,  of  Cokethorpe 

Park,  esq. 
Rutlatidfthire— poatponed, 
Shropshire-- J «  C,  B.  Borough,  of  Chetwynd 

Park,  esq. 
Somersetshire— John  Fowoea  LiattreU,  of  Ihio- 

•ter  Caatle,  esq, 
nilTDrdshirt?— fUlpU  Sneyd.of  Reel  Hail,  esq. 
Jljathatnptan— Joli  n  Thumaj  Wadditi^on,  of 
^Piryford  Lodjre.  WiiK  hearer,  esq. 
Boffofk— ^^ii  fbilip  Tjruke,  of  NacLoo,  Bart. 
8orrey— William  istraban.  of  AAtiurat,  esq, 
S«ase\— Edw   Hussev,  of  Scot  bey  Castle,  esq. 
Wanricksbire— Sir    FraAcis  SbuckburKb,  of 

Shock  burgh  Bart. 
Wilta— Georjfe  lid  ward  Eyre,  of  Warreiw,  esq. 
Wore-— John  Kicliards,  of  Waa*ell  Grove,  esq. 
York.— Timothy  Button,  of  Clifton  Caatle,  isaq. 

WALES. 

Aac^eaea— Edmund  Edwmrd  Meyrick,  of  Ccfn- 

cochf  eaq 
BrrooDahir^— flowen  Gwyn,  of  Abercrave,  e*q. 
CardtKaii,'^.  P.  A,  L  Philippa,  of  Mabot,  e^. 
Garm.— K.  A.  ManaeKof  Llanddanv/f  esq. 
Qbih.— ioho  Price,  of  Garth-y-Glo,  ^. 
Denbtfrhabire— Henry    Warter    Meredith,    of 

Ftntrcbychan,  Wrexham.  e»q 
IKal,— air  It  Pulestoot  of  Rntrxl.  Bart. 
mUMUfSn.- J.  B.  Prycv.  of  IhifTryn,  esq. 
Merioneth.— D.  W.  Griffith,  of  Syt^ua,  e«q. 
Hoatc.— John  Owen,  of  Broadway,  esq. 
Pemb.-W.  C.  A.  Phibppa,  of  St.  Biidc*s  Hill, 

«*q. 
BAdnor^-i-DaTid  JamM,  of  Prcatfi^,  c«q. 


Oazbttb  Fbomotionb, 

Jan.  27.  Mr.  Gladwin  John  Richard  W>ii, 
ftfd.  Page  of  Honour  to  the  Queen  Downi^'er. 
— Giamorfan  Milttta,  Thomas  dmitht  esq.  ut 
be  Lieut. -Colonel. 

Jan.  39.    Henry  John  Baker  Tower,  of  Ele* 
mare  Hall.  co.  Durtiani,  Lieur,  4th  IJrasrK)!! 
Guards,  eldest  son  and  heif  apparent  of  Henr» 
Tower,  esq.  by  jBabeilii  Jiiditii,  only  ilau.  ana 
heir  of  Geonre  Baker,  lateijf  Elernore  HalU  esq, 
to  take  the  name  of  Baker  onty,  and  War  tbt 
arms  of  Baker  in  the  lirst  quarter.—Cbarle*  . 
Richard  tlf^^Sen,  esq.  Barriater-at-Law,  to  b«  ] 
Her  Majesty's  Attorney  General  in  the  lilc  of  j 
Man,  Hw  James  Clarke,  ewi.  resijfoed.  T 

Jan.  31.    Francis  Ellis,  esq    George  Denni^  ' 
csii  and  H,  9.  Hod^aon.  esq    to  be  Alembefi  , 
of  Her  JdajeatyV  Hon.  Corps  of  Gentlemen  at* 
Anns,— John  Edward  ComwaUi*  Earl  of  Strad- 
broke  to  be  Lord  Lieutenant  and  t  uatu»  Rom- 
lorum  of  the  county  of  Swflbtk.— The  Key. 
Ht-nry    Mo^eley,  AM.   Profeaaor  of    Natural 
Philosophy  and  Astronoruy,    and    the    Hev,  1 
Fredefick  Charles  Cook.  A.  M.  to  be  two  of  i 
Her  kl^esty*!  Inspectors  of  S^boola  f 

Feb  2.    JWlh  Foot.]  "  -Col.  A.  Ril 

Trevor,  from  the  93tr  IJeut.-Colo-'l 

nel.— Koyal  NewfbunJ  ,nie».  Lieut**'] 

Col.  R   Law,  from  ha;  .cheii,  to  b#l 

Lieut -Colonel.— Un»f  i   r   R.   La>«.4 

from    Royal  Newfbun  imies,  to  lM| 

Lieut.-C^jlonel.— Statf,  .-iitk^*  on  K.  Pilkinfto%| 
from  the  17th  Li|fht  l»ni^oon»,  to  be  ^lafTSdJ^I 
jfwjn  of  the  First  Claw,  Hee  St.  John,  prM 
niotcd  ;  A.  Crocker,  rent  to  be  Aaaislant  Su^J 
eeoo  to  the  Forces,  e?ee  Youo^i  deceased.  I 

Feb.  9.  John  Franci*  Davis,  e^q.  to  be  Hif" 
Majeiity's  Pkni wtentiary  ai^j  Chief  Superin- 
letident  of  BriiUh  Trade  iti  CTima,  and  atso 
Governor  and  tommander-inCbief  of  the 
colony  of  Honif  Konc ;  John  Walter  Hutmei 
esq.  to  be  Chief  Ju!»tjce  \  l\w  Hon  F.  W.  A. 
Bruce  to  be  Seneiary  to  the  Gov«^rnnient ; 
Brevet  Major  William  Cain  to  be  Pnlice  Ma- 
Riatrsle.  SheritT  and  Provoat  Marshal ;  Robert 
Ihindas  Cay,  esq.  W.  S.  to  be  Renutrar  of  the 
Supreme  Court ;  Ate^andi-r  Gordon .  esq,  to  be 
Survpynr  Gei^eral ;  and  William  Tedttf  r,  rsq. 
Lieut.  R.  N.  to  be  HarlHiur  Mastir.  «f  Hnnf 
Kotiff -Major  Henry  Creawicke  Rawliiison, 
Ut  Ek>mba>  Gren.  to  i*e  a  CM*. 

Feb.  10.  North  Glouct^btir  Militta,  Oipt. 
Sir  M.  Hickd  Beach,  liart.  t,.  I. 

Firb,  l€*  J  at  or  Grenadier  I 
and  Capl.  the  Hon   A.  F   l-^i  1 

Lieut, 'Colonel.— Cape  Mounttd  Hilhuitii.  bre- 
vet  Major  A.  B,  Armslroni?,  to  be  Major.— 
Uunattached,  to  he  Lieutenant  Colonel,  with- 
out purchase,  brevet  Colonel  R.  H.  Mnphcr- 
aon,  from  Major  halfpay  7itt  Foot.-lo  b« 
Majors  without  purchase.  Brevet  Colonel  R. 
Uuetlyn,  from  3«th  Foot;  Brevet  Lieut,.CoL 
J.  Jones,  from  iJth  Lii^ht  Draic. ;  Brevet  Lt.- 
CoL  *?ir  J.  S.  Liliie,  from  3l«t  Fo<h  ;  Brevet 
M^or  R.  Kelly,  from  40th  Fo<»l -Brevet  To 
be  Majors  in  ttie  Army,  Capt.  J.  John-^tone,  of 
IWh  Fr»ot  ;  capt.  F.  H.  Hart,  of  »0«h  Koot- 
HospiUl  Statf!  Staff  Sunfeon  of  the  FirstC  ass, 
G.  Barclay.  M  D.  to  •«ave  the  local  rank  of 
Deputy  Inapector  General  of  Hospitals  in 
China.  « 

Feb  17.  The  Leiceatershire  Yeomanrv  Ca- 
valry to  be  desifnatod  *'Th«  PriAct  Aibcrt*i 
Own/* 


308 


Pre/erMmti.-^Birihi. 


IhimK 


Ffb,  19.  LIrat.-CoL  £dw.  Saunders,  C.B.  of 
fbe  Benfat  eatabl.  to  accept  the  tecond  clast 
of  ike  order  of  the  Doorant'e  empire. 

P^.  90.  Herbert  Davics,  a  miuor  of  the 
aiH^  of  eiiftiteen  months,  uton  of  C<ipt.  D,  ^. 
Diariear  Fm.  Gd»  ,  in  compliance  wiih  tbe  will 
of  Herbert  Evans,  of  lli(r:m)<'jul,  co.  Ou-difran, 
tso.  to  t!ike  the  da  me  of  Cvans  aftcc  DivicSf 
ftDd  bear  thearuf  of  Bvans  tn  the  fimt  quarter. 
—Sir  Edw.  O.  B.  Lvtton  Bulwer.  of  Riieb- 
wortb,  CO,  Hertford,  Bart,  in  compliance  with 
the  will  of  his  matlii^r  Etiubetb  llarb&ra  But' 
lecr  Lytton,  to  take  tUe  name  of  L}  tton  after 
Bulvrert  and  bear  the  arcua  of  Lytton  in  tlse 
Arst  t|UArtcr. 


Rev,  T.  G*  SmytUea,  Cioderfotd  New  Cburcht 

Forest  of  Dean. 
Rov.  A,  Stead,  0\  lo^dean  R.  Sattex. 
R€V.  R.  WilliamsKrti.SrittonColdfteld  R,  Warw. 
Rvw  C.  F.  n.  Wood,  Penmark  V.  Ulaoaoffr^ 


Membtn  returned  to  terre  in  PartiamcnL 

Devhf£.—W,  H.  Ladlow  Brure^.  esq. 
Tipp^rarf  Co.— Nicbotas  Maber,  eaq. 
frifu  (ATorfA).— T.  II  S,  Sotheron,  esq. 


£CCLCSIA«T1CAL    pRKrKaUBNTS. 

E«v,  W.  Wade,  to  be  Deaii  of  the  Dtocese  of 

Glasgow, 
Rer.  CT  B.  Clougb,  to  the  new  Archdetcoury 

of  dt.  Asaph. 
Rev.  T.  WUliam»,   to   tbc  Arcbdeacoorr  of 

Uandaif. 
B«v.  H.  Hardinr,  to  be  Preb.  of  Lichfietd. 
Rev,  P.  U,  L.  Wjod,  to  the  Preb  of  Si,  OeoiYe, 

Middlehatn,  Yorkshire. 
Rer.  W.  P,  M  a<(jf  rave,  to  the  Bttbop'a  Canonry 

tn  Hereford  CM  hcdraK 
Rer.  U.  Allen,  Patcham  V.  Saasei. 
Key,  M.  Amphlett,  Mavesyn  Ridware  P.  C. 

near  Ruifeley. 
Rer.  J,  Askew,  Ashchurch  P.C.  Glooc. 
Rev.  W.  Ci.  Barker,  Matlock  Bath  R.  Oerfa. 
Krv.  C.  RasMtftt.  Monknash  P.C.  GIsiq. 
Rev.  J.  W,  Brooks,  St,  Mary  V,  Nottingham. 
Rer.   N.  K.    l>ennys,    Eaat    Blachiugtoo    R. 

Sosscx. 
Rer.  J.  Dykes,  Bridekirk  V,  Cumberland. 
R«tr.  K,  B.  Elltnaa,  Wsrtlinf  V.  Sa*»e3i. 
Rev.  R.  KrrioKtOQ,  Mitfonl  V,  Nurtriiinib. 
RtV*  E.  C.  Evans,  Ford  l\C,  Hcrefordithire, 
Rev,  H.  Formby,  Ruardeau  P.C.  Heref. 
Rev.  W.  Goodwin,  St.  Benedict  PX.  Xorwicti. 
Rev.  T.  Griath.  Utifkwr  V,  Merionethshire, 
Rte.  C,  3.  Graeber,  Westport,  Carry  Rivell, 

P.C.  Sooiersct. 
Rer.  J.  R.  Hall,  Frodihaiu  V.  Cheshire. 
Mev.  G,  C    Hawkins,  portion  of  DamptoD  V, 

OxfordsUire. 
Rev,  J.  Hayos,  Wybanbury  V,  Cheshire. 
Rav.  ¥L  Hobhouse,  St.  Ive  A,  Cornwall. 
R«v.  C  V.  Hodf  e,  Clarhorou^h  V.  near  Ret- 
ard. Nottn,  ^ 

R«f.  H.  Hop.       "  " r.C,  Sosaeji. 

Rev*  Dr,  Uii!  Liierpool. 

Rev.  J.  Jack  iOblk. 

Rev.  T.   Jon  -v.    ^u   I  OM^T,i:itjric"a,   C^mWAlt, 

and  Hflwys  Rho<  P,C.  Carnsrvou. 
Rev,  G.Xinr.  Worstead  V.  Norfolk. 
Jiet.W,  M.  Kiuwjj,  Rotberlield  Grays  R,  Oaf. 
IBev.  T,  I'.   Kni^Hr,    Allhallows  on  the*Wslls 
y    R.  Exeter, 

IWitv  }   M'Cornijc'k,Creaton  R.  NV^sh. 
[Jlkiv.  J    Murran,  Pjrct^ttibe  R.  Sussex. 

ei    A.  A.  <**kc».  ^fewtf»n  V,  Suffolk. 
M   Paddon,  Hifh  vv  ^'   Bocks, 

.  J.  Palmer.  I»ovm1»I  lerahirr. 

.  J.  Parker,  Ua»ybi  .^jk 

.  a  Piaraon,  pr Sonotk. 

.J^Rms,  Ua/r  .roke. 

«T.  O«8imoc>x  ijonat  V.  8t«(r. 

.  R.  Sklpaey,  6t.  i  uumu  t  .0.  RiaboptweAr* 

mottlh. 
R«T.  U.  9ailt]i,  Ritliet  Itankw  V.  WMit« 


C  ft  A  PLAINS, 

Rev.  J.  Saunders  to   H.  R.  H,  the  Duke  of 
Cambridge. 


Civil  pREif^eAMENTS. 

Rev.  T.  Jackson,  M,A.  to  be  Principal  of  the 
National  Society's  Training  School*  Cbelaet. 

Itifv.  G.  SUde,  A.M ,  to  be  Master  of  the  3daD. 
Chester  Free  Graimnar  School. 

BIRTHS. 

Jan,  S.  At  Naples,  the  wife  of  W.  C.  Grant* 
es<].  late  of  the  First  Dragoon  Guard$,  s  dait. 

IS.  At  the  PaUce^  Rjpon,  the  wife  of  the 

Rjg-ht  Rev.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Rxpon,  a  din* 

17.   At  Frittenden,  Kent,   Lady  Han|tt 

Moore,  a  son. — -30,   At  St,  l^eonanPs  Wm^ 

Mrs.  Harcotirt,  a  dan. 24.  At  Wimbledon* 

the  wife  of  Col-  P.  E.  CrB|fi*>,  C,  B  .  of  the  «th 
JLegt.,  and  Aide-de-camp  to  ber  Msjesty,a  dau. 

At  Deenc  Park,  co.  NVn.  La<ty  Aurusta 

Jtarini^^  a  f*on. ^27.   At  Chippenham    Park, 

Cambridj^e,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Aujruetus  J. 

Tbarp,  a  son, 3».   .41  Dover,  the  wife  of 

Capt.  Manners,  R.N.  a  son. 

Latfly.  At  Abbott's  Ann,   the  wffe  r>f  the 

Hon.  and  Rev.  S,  Best,  a  son. \'  '• 

clere.  the  wife  of  B.  Cnrtia,  esq.,  a  son 

Lady  Eliiabeth  Dutton,  of  BiUu 

a  son. — -In  Upper  Se^-mour-st. ,  LAdy  ii:iii4>», 

a  dao. At  V^tley  Cji?(tle.  near  Cove  n't  ry,Lailv 

Mary  Hewitt,  a  son.- — In  Motcombe-st.,  BeU 
iniive-sq.t  the  Hon-  Mrs,  Jas.  .Vorton.a  dan. 

In  uroaveijor^pl,  Urly  Mahon,  a  tlan, 

In  Cavendiih'Sq.  the  wife  of  Kdwanl  Maiorf- 
banks,  e*q.  a  son.- — The  Hon.  Mrs.  Cliarles 

Cost,  a  dan, At  Edioburrh,  the  wife  of 

LJent.-Col  Sir  John  Campbell,  itart.  a  son  And 
heir.— At  Moriiint^tou-house.  Fulbani,  Mrs. 

Thornton  1>owd,  a  son.^ \l  l^onfford^fove, 

Lftdy  l^)  lejjfh,  s  son. In  Ireland,  the  wifb 

of  J.  U'flrien,  M.P,  a  son. In  IreUnd,  the 

Coontesa  of  Hclraorc,  a  dan. ^In  llel|;rave- 

%f.  L^*tv  tlsrolitie  Turner,  a  dan,^ At  Jtam, 

:^     '"     '  "    M",  Lady  Jane  Ram,  a  son, — —At 
vh,  Oxford,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 

I  >an. .\t  Dillington  House,  I  he 

*i.  ri  Mti.  t>ee  Lee.  a  dan. —At  Shernfold 

Park,  Frant.  ^ti.nsex,  the  wife  of  the  tloii. 
Percy  Ashburnhsm,  adau. 

Fe6.3  At  U>nirlordCastIe.n«  1  ,   the 

Viwoonless  Foifceitone.  a  dan  i  >W. 

rood  HouAe,  the  Marchionm^  .  ,  ut€ 

Princess  Mary  of  Baden,  a  son.  stifi-born. 

10.  In  Sprinj^'ii^Lnleos,  the  wife  of  Richard 
Britisley  Sheridan,  esq.  a  dau. — -.^t  Pakeo* 
ham  Lodge,  the  wife  of  Thoaias  Thornbill,  Jun, 

eso.  a  d»*i 11    In  Sti«<»et-sq.  the  Hon.  airs. 

John  Gellibrand  HTitrljAni,  a  son.  —  \n  f^rk- 
St.   IliiT  wife  of    T  I   I  en. 

Guards,  a  sun. ^-  rjJt^ 

rut]   of  FT;ftftTf?1  

!  ■,  ;fr  uf  Mir     K^, 

^M  At  Becca, 
i)ir«h*in^  a  »Ott, 

A  t  M I . rT,i  t ,  M  M  M  u  I ,   M ,'  ^   II tip*-  J ohostone. 

A  dau. IT.   At   Hiuaforl,    the    CoiintfM   Of 

Reetive,  a  son  and  heir. At  Le^rrar^,  tht 

wife  of  T.  Ketnble.  e*4j.  a  •un, \ 

Lady  MordAQOt,  a  dait, — is.  At  i 
ner,  Wcttoifiiittr,  the  wife  of  C.  Fr> 

son. 19.  tn  Great  Georre^t.  the  Hou^  Mrs. 

f  Titbot,  a  son 21.  At  WhiMMdl-ptaCiu 

i^j  iameai »  dau,  ' 


^'"^^^'■■■-■^ 


1844.] 


Marriage*. 


MARRIAGES. 


Attff.  5,  At  Valpfiraiso,  Jolin  C.  Srark,  e»q. 
to  Josephiiie<Ro»frrto.eIdefit  daii^  of  Gro«venor 
Banatcr,  esq.  IJeut.  Hoyal  Navy, 

Dee.  12,  At  CbRrlottc  Town.  Prince  Ed ward*¥ 
IiUnd,  tb<?  Hoii.Chkf  Justice  Jarv is,  to  Kliia- 
l>i?th,  dftu.  of  the  late  Hon.  Robert  GrAy. 
Senior  Member  of  lier  Majesty  »  Coiiincil,  and 
for  manv  years  one  of  the  I^uisiie  Jiulst*"*  t>f 
the  Snprpmc    Court,   and   Treaaurer  of   the 

(^^jloiiy. At  tjie  CathiNlral,  OIcuHu,  Lieut, 

Rlcli&rd  Fraa^  GrindaU,  of  the  II.  E.  1.  C,  6irh 
Native  Inf.  to  Stuanoa-Morinj^,  youitgtfst  dau. 
of  Jtme5<  Bate,  esq.  Claremout  Grove^  near 
Excter- 

ao.  At  CoVimbo,  G«jr|^  CTrabbe,  t^i.  to 
Kltcn.  ehlest  dnu.  of  Capt.  Bik-s,  H.C*  3,,  o( 
Hackney. 

33.  At  St.  John's,  Kew  Bninffwick*  Cobourj 
CciTiH|?ton,  rsq.  of  Her  Majesty's  Customs  at 
this  Poi  r,  youngest  *oii  of  t'apt.  Wtn.  Ilenn 
Cornn&lont  l»tt  liarrack  Master  of  Weymouth 
and  DorcJiestcr  (England),  to  Catharine,  eldest 
dftii.  of  the  late  J&mefl  Heedi  esq.  of  Partridge 
IftUnd. 

Jtm.  10.  At  Tow  in,  the  Rev.  Marm.  C^wrkin, 
B.iL  Perpetual  Curate  of  Norton,  near  Gku- 
cestefi  to  Annct  youiif est  dau-  of  the  Late  Thoj». 
htmiSt  esq.  K.N.  of  Machynlleth. 

11.  At  Charlton,  Kent,  John,  youni^est  son 
of  W.  Philpot,  e*q.  of  Faversham,  to  FrancfH, 

third  dau.  of  Cant.  Iloxer,  R.N. At  l»art- 

inouth,  IJdirard  llenley,  esq.  to  .^nn,  dau.  of 
the  iBle  Rev,  ThoaW5  Mends,  Vicaj  of  Uulhe- 
ton,  D^von. 

13-  At  BrUtoU  Henry  Shaw,  e»q.  fifth 
ton  of  the  late  Bernard  Shh\\>  esq.  of  Rotind 
Town,  CO.  1)ul)lin,  Ireland,  to  Martha,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Jaitiea  Cockaine,  of 
CUtlon.— At  C'hi]'|>en,hamr  William  Kemm, 
esq.  of  Cor?ihni  1.   "       -■    -  -infest 

ilan.  of  f  Urry  <  ''Aw. 

15.  At  Leajcn  _  ultcr, 
cw^.  M.D.  eldejii^iTi  >>\  uie  i^cv,  juseitu  Jiioger- 
son  Cotter,  Rector  of  Donoujfhmore,  to  Hen- 
rieilA,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Tliomas  Hoaret 
Rector  of  Castletown  Roche,  Ireland, 

16.  At  Exeter,  Francis  Ridout  Ward.  e»t|- 
KCtiund  son  of  Richard  Brirkflnle  Ward»  esq  of 
firiMtul.  to  Khia-Wei  '  Idest  dan.  of 
Williaiu  Adaui9  We;  '  the  former 

ul(C(i^ At    HoTfne    i  ,   Notts,   the 

Rev.  R<j1  t       V  nti-i'i  rru:iM  John  xMiles, 

fiq*  of  U'  nierset,  to  MaryEllen. 

eldest  dau  Jamei  Cleaver,  Rector 

of  Holme  lii'trvinnut.' At  CAniliridfce,  the 

RfY.  W.  H.  WaJker,  B.  0.  Rector  of  Hn:Jilinff, 
Notts*  to  Catharine,  third  dau.  of  J.  E.  >Vd. 
avn,  ef4). 

17.  At  Dristoh  Samuel  Broom,  esq.  jjun.  of 
Drayton^grove,  Worceetert hire^  to  Maria,  dau. 
of  Joeeuh  Talbot,  csu.  of  Biahop-at.  Bristol. 
—At  1 1  and*  worth,  WiUiiuii  Tredwell,  eaa.  of 
Stivichail,  near  Cbveutr)',  to  Martha,  eldest 
dau.  of  Antouy  Gremtore.it,  e»q.  of  Woodlands, 
near  HandsiKrortli. 

18.  At  UuckUur^t-park,  Francis  George 
Hasttn]^  Ru9»e11,  e«q.  eldest  son  of  Lord 
Williatn  Russell,  to  Lady  RUialKth  Sackvtllc 

\Ver*t,  eldest    dau.  of    Karl    DrTawarr. At 

Marylctione,  Capt.  D  Anna- 

jjusannah,  dau.  of  t)i'  r^  e«q, 

of  Jersey At  Ha.  \.    Col. 

Huyh  Percy  Dairiaon,of  .SwarliJii  1  rflrW,  North- 
umberland, to  the  UoQ.  Caroline  .North  Grmves* 
ifcoud  dan.  of  the  Ute  and  sialer  of  the  present 

Lord  Graves, At  Taunton,  Henry.]:.di/iard, 

elder  BOD  of  the  late  tieary  E4l^ard  j^wift,  of 
8t.  John's  Wood^  to  garah-l>awr»,  younger 
dan.  of  the  late  W .  House,  esq.  of  BridioTater. 
'^At  W&R  ham  stow,  Charles,  yontii^rat  soa 
of  '^maa  l^rvYroiD^,  esq.  of  Uadtey^  Middl«- 


ftex,  to  FAuny-Ellefi,  rl '  ncnrf  | 

Berthon,  e*Jq.  of   ih*  i-stoir, 

At8t.  Itinera*  CU. ..,,»....  .H4;enia]ip 

wq.  R.N.  to  Jane  Carr,  second  dau.  of  WiJi-  ] 
kini  G.  Terry,  cyo.  late  of  the  1st  Life  Gaarda. 

ao.  At  Malta,  Robert  Arbouin  Hunter,  esq,  J 
only  son  of  Jmneson  Hunter .  esq.  of  l>ondoi|^J 
to  FAnnV'M&ria,  third  dau.  of  SamI,  Chri»tiaj^  1 
esq.  of  Malta.  ^  l 

42,  At  Exeter,  Henry  Mayne.  c»q.  4Mk| 
re^rt.,  to  Rebecca-Jane,  widow  of  Samson  NlQr  I 
eoHs  Yule,  esq.  L 

23.  At  Allerion  Park,  Yorkshire,  the  seat  of  J 
the  Rt.  lion.  William  Lord  Stourton,  Richju«1 
Peter  Carrington  Smyihe,  esq.  Ueut.  Sth  re^ 
of   Hossnrs,  and  eldest  sou  of  Sir  Sdwar 
Jo)feph  Smvthet  Bart,  of  Acton  Biimell,  co,  < 

Salop,  to  the  Hr  '    ■' '^  Stourton,  dan.  < 

Lortl  .Stourton  -orife's,  Hanorer-I 

square,  Jaineii,  llulme    llUl,  cQ^m 

Perth,  esq.  to  ttiriHuaii,  Luiest  dau.  of  the  ktB  ' 
iMvid  Krskiiic,  esq.  of  Klambsfar,  BeiiAl. 

24.  At  l.laiairifnn>  John,  son  of  Thomu 
Hicham,  e»q.  of  -  ^  -•-  *  ri,  South  Carolina* 
Ciiited  ytates,  ,  Kent,  to  Letitia, 
dau.  of  Col.  V^  r,  late  of  Green« 

fo rd  M au or  H »*•  •  s . A t  Preston* 

the  Rev,  J.  U  I. A.  to  Margare^J 

eldest  dan. of  < i  < rd  Walmsley,  wi^i* 

of    Preston, ai    ^f.    .>i art in-in*t lie- Fields, 

Thomas  George  Smith,  esq.  of  Dooirhty  st. 
Meekleuburffh  sq,  to  Margaret,  elder  dou,  of 
the  late  John  htm,  e^q.  M.D. — -At  Bames, 
Lord  Aberdour,  eldest  sou  of  the  late  Earl  of 
Morton,  to  Helen,  «l?»n.  of  the  late  James  Wat- 
son,esq,  •  '  ,  in  Mid  Lothian.— M 
Cox*s  Hv '  t  rcet.  by  special  liceoM, 
Lucy,  oo>  !'^'  late  James  ThomsoQt 
«M|.  of  Bog^ie,  1 11  esi  I  ire.  to  Robert  DavidAon, 
esq.  surgeon,  of  Parliament-street.  The  bride 
was  given  away  by  his  Grace  the  Duke  of 
Suiherlnnd. 

23.  At  Fakcnham.Suffolk,  Nathaniel  Cotton, 
esq.  eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  N,  Cotton,  or 
Thomby,  Northatnptonsh.,  to  Caroline- Mar- 
garet, eldest  dau.   of  Tl*omas  Kersey,  eitq,  of 

Fakenham. At  Clifton,  the    Rev.   Satnuel 

Vere  Daahwood,  of  Stanford  Hall,  Notting* 
hamshtre,  to  Elixabeth-Edith.  eldest  dau,  of 

Lieut. 'Cot.    E.  Hawkshaw,  of  Clifton. At 

St.  Georre^s,  Hanover*»q.  Capt.  A.  Blenner- 
basActt,  lateof  the  3Sth  regt.,  to  Lucy^Aim, 
yocn'»^est  dan,  of  the  late  Major-Gen.  Douglass, 
of  Great  Baddow,  Essex,  formerly  Ach.-Gen. 
to  Her  Majesty'?.  Forces  in  the  Went  Indies. 
' — -At  Ptndton-le-Fvlde,  I^ncashire,  Frede- 
ric, son  of  I  oh  Murton,  R.M.  to  Blary,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  lliomas  Wilson,  eaq.  of  PouL 

ton. At  Liscard,  John  Holt  Bikes  Stubbs, 

M.D.  late  tlMt  regt.  to  Alice,  aeconddau,  of 
John  Wilson,  esq.  of  River  View,  dcacttntbe, 

Cheshire At    Doacaster,  the  Rev.  Julian 

Robinson,  MA.  to  Harriet,  third  dau.  of  the 
Rev,  John  ^harpe,  D,D.  Vicar  of  Doucaster 

and  Canon  of  York, At  Babworth,  Notts. 

the  Rev.  William  I»arkin«)n,  Rector  of  Uin- 
genhoe,  Essen,  and  fiou  of  John  Parkinson, 
esq.  of  Leyflelds,  to  Georgia ri a,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  Charle-*  Martin,  iitJiers' 

Hall. At  Brighton,  the  l:  »fliths, 

chaplain  of  Bombay  e9tal)l;M  i  rancea, 

fourth  dau.  of  Capt,  C,  MonJoLk.  ll.li.T.C.S. 

formerly  of  Cambridge, At    Edinburgh, 

Alexander  Rowauil,  esq.  M.D.  of  Montreal,  to 
Margaret,  dan,  of  the  late  Thomas  Kincaid, 
esq.  merchant  of  I^ith, 

27.  At  fe^t.  Pancras,  Charles  Henry  Becking, 
ham,  esq.  to  Magdal<ene,  widest  dau.  of  .ilex- 
ander  Fraaer.  esq.  artist.- — At  Hands  worth, 
James  Patrick  Moirhead,  esq,  to  Katheriite- 
Etiaabeth,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Matthew 
Robinson  Boulton,  esa.  of  Soho,  dtafloidallirf. 
and  Tew  Paik,  Oxfordahire, 


310 


Mm4ttfittg€9m 


«.  At  OAinflborooch^hc  Bsr.  J.  H.  WilUa. 
M.A.  Rector  of  Soath  wiibui,  mnd  Vtear  or 


,  Um  Itv.  Allfm  ffMdir  ^ 
0fH.M.S.Ocna.toJcmiBalT^^' 
the  late  Bcr. ««-  ■-•'-^^^'  ^ 
Fufc,  Kent.-      „. 
wardB  accordiiif ... 


t. At  St.  MtfTfefiar    rL^ISSif 

mtinff  to  the  rites  of  \  \Si5SS^ 


Bole,  to  lluTiet-Anne,  only  dan 
O.  Dodda,  D.I>.  VJcarofCorriofliaiB,  Lincoln- 
fhire. 
to.    At  Garden  Reach  Cottafe,  Archibald 

Hamilton,   ejm.   of  Orbiaton,   to   EUtabeth,  .^...=„_  .«  ^ 

iocond  dau.  of  Che  late  Rer.  John  Jamieaon.  Tbelton  Hall,  Noriblk,  to  BUca.  ^  M»jnL? 

of  B«llB  Hill. — At    BrUton.  Amoe,  eldcat  of  Roftn  Radios,  eaq.  of  Nottlii»*^IS  %! 

■on  of  the  late  Arooa  Swaitland,  eaq.  of  Ken-     R8t*a  Park. At  St.  GcomSLnS^^Mll.^l' 

■inc.  Kent,  to  Marla-flarah.  eldeat    dao.  of  Qie  Rer.  Richard  QwUyB^  if JLlMmThZiiA 


John     Kirknian,  etq.   of  Stockwell    

Rnrrey. At   Fratinr,    Baaei,    the    Rct. 

Rnrer  Uawion  DoAeM.  M.A.  of  Downinf 
ODnege,  Cambrldfe,  and  Lamanh  Rectory, 
onlv  son  of  the  Rer.  If.  D.  DnfBeld,  Cknon  of 
Middleham,  Vicar  of  iStebbinf ,  and  Chaplain 
to  Hia  Royal  Hiifhoeaa  the  Duke  of  Oambridge. 
to  Harriett,  dau.  of  Mr.  J.  M-  Simaon,  fomerly 
of  Cknn  Hall,  Great  Clacton,  and  rrand-dan. 
of  the  late  Ralph  Simaon,  cent.,  of  Wickham 

Hall,  near  Sudbarj. At  St.  Pancraa,  Henry 

Valentine  Craaaweller,  eaq.  Civil  Engf.  to  Caro- 
line Hall,  dan.  of  the  late  John  Pink,  eaq.  of 
Drax  Hall,  Jamaica. 

SI.  At  Ail  Souta  Charch.  Lanyhtm-pl.,  the 
Rev.  Charlea  L.  Royda,  of  Kirameridi^e,  Doraet, 
to  Catharine,  dau.  of  Henry  Hoyle  Oddie, 
eaq.  of  l*brtlaiid-pl.  and  Colney  Hoaae.  Herts. 

At  llallfftx,  Courtney  Kenny  Clarke,  eaq. 

of  Haurh-end.  to  Delia  Prieatley  Edwards, 
eldest  dan.  of  H.  L.  Edwarda,  eaq.  of  Pje 
Neat. At  Dry  Drayton,  Franda  Oflley  Mar- 
tin, eaq.  to  Mary,  the  fifth,  and  the  Kev. 
Robert  Beauchamp  To«rer,  rector  of  Moreton, 
Baaex,  to  Josephine-Roae,  the  youngeat  dan. 
of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Smith,  of  Dry  Drayton, 
Ckmbridipeshire. 

I»«le/jr.  In  London,  Prancla  William  Raper, 
eaq.  of  the  Audit  Oflce.  Someraet  House,  to 
Rebecca  Linxee,  dau.  of  Samuel  Oilea,  eaq.  R.N. 

of  Sussex -ter.  Old  Drompton,  Middlesex. 

At  the  Rectory,  Hooton  Roberts,  J.  Machill, 
eaq.  of  Pudsey.   Surgeon,  to   nrancea-Jane, 

Bmni^t  dau.  of  the  l&v.  A.  W.  Eyre,  Vicar  of 
omsea. At  the  Baptist  Chapel,  Mill-at. 

Bveshani,  the  Rev.  John  Dotheridre  Caaewell, 
Minister  of  that  place,  to  Klisa  Townshend. 
only  dau.  of  Thomas  White,  esq.  late  Mayor  of 

that  borouifh' At  Hanley  Caatle.  John 

Ainslie,  esq.  of  Hiintinrdon,  co.  of  Haddinf- 
ton,  Scotland,  to  Cordelia,  dao.  of  the  late  Rev. 
G«K»rKe  Homaby,  Vicar  of  Turkdean,  Gioo- 

ceatervhire At  Oiarlton,  Kent,    John 

Philjpot,  es*!.  of  Faveraham,  to  Frances,  dau. 

of  Captain  Boxer,  R.N. At  Waterford, 

Frederick  Kirkpatrick,  esq.  M.D.  of  Temple- 
at.  Dublin,  to  Susan,  third  dau.  of  the  late 

Oeorre  Ivie,  esq  of  Waterford. At  Binenr, 

near  Wells,  Jonathan  Wybrants,  eaq.  M  U.  of 
Oakbill,  to  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  Robert  Bath, 

eaq.  of  Whitnel. At  Bath,  the  Rev.  M.  Ro- 

bart  Seymour,  to  Maria,  relict  of  the  late  Baron 
Browne  Mill. —  At  Dartmouth.  Fxiward  Hen- 
ley, esq.  to  Ann,  lUu.  of  tbe  late  Rev.  Thomaa 
Mends.  Vicar  of  Hulbeton,  Devon,  and  aister 
of  the  late  Rev.  Joiwpli  Menda,  Rector  of  Hal- 

len,  Somersft. At  Kiiion,  the  Rev.  James 

Bpnated,  M.A.  of  Queen^s  Coll  Oxford,  and 
Chaplain  to  the  Hon.  East  IndU  Company  on 
the  Benral  KsUblishment.  to  Susan;  fburth 
dan.  of  the  late  Rev.  D.  M.  Cuat.  MA.  RMtor 

of  Stainton-le-Ht.  and  Vicar  of  Sedborrh. 

At  Worcester,  Willium  Barneby,esq.  of  CUter 
Park,  Hereford.ihire,  to  Marj,  second  dau.  of 
the  late  Richard  Barneby,  esq.  of  Worcester. 
-■:— At  Wootton,  Walter  Strickland,  esq.  of 
Gokethorpe  Park,  Oxfurdahire,  to  Katharine, 
third  dau.  of  Thomas  ThomhiU,  eaq.  of  Wood' 
leya,  in  the  aame  co. 


iOwinym, 

LMventone,  only  aoa  of  the    ^ 
Owlllym,  eag.  of  Bmcr.  UacMhli*, 


tate^Bicii«« 


^  R^don  HaU,  SoiWk,  and  iSff?^t& 

R.  Childa,   eaq. ^At  Aabbutoa.  ^-^ 

Caonter,  eaq.  to  Jaac-nrancw,  yoar^ 
of  the  late  Jamea  Woodley,  eaq.  of  H 

At  Chelaca.  the  Hon.  fTW.  Xq^ 

num.  to  Mrs.  Mary  IngHa  HamlltoB  fiv^T 

At  Hampat(td,IUcBrd  BMchcrSL  «Sr 

Hampatead,  to  Henrietta,  tUcat  ii»»  21^1:? 
CoaflBO  Melvill,  eaq.  sSretary  to  £  '^^ 

Baat  India  Company ^At  UiutuwS 

auttertnick,  of  the  38th  Regt.  MaAru 


Elixabeth,  dao.of  the  Utc ViceSdSi. ttiF Sjgfe 
Hon.  liord  Henry  Panlet,K.aB.       ***»«« 

Feb,  2.  At  AU  Soola',  Lan^huii.p|.  Ctertea 
Fkrebrother,  eaq.  8.C.L.  of  Trinity  CdIL  Cp 
Ibrd.  eldeat  aon  of  Alderman  FkHHttothsr  k# 
the  Moat  Honae,  Stockwell.  Surrey,  to  SbS^ 
Sophia,  aecond  dau.  of  the  Rav.  JohB  n 
Hoffhes,  M.A.  of  Trinity  and  AU  8ool?OMiL 
an?  Rector  of  St.  Clement*8.  Ozftntl— ^S" 
Ferdinand  Hacault,  of  the  Miaiatry  of  Fnl£ 
Worka  at  Bmaaela,  to  Oatherine,  aecond  dan 
of  tbe  late  R.  Gilbert,  eaq.  formeriy  of  t£ 
Royal  Navy,  and  aiater  of  the  lata  Hmmm 
Gilbert,  eaq.  of  Cotton  Hall,  StaflbrdahiraT^ 

Feb.  i  \t  St.  Mary'a,  Bryanaton-aq.  ttxibmi 
WilUam  Peacock,  eaq.  of  Wyndham-pi.  Btm! 
stone-aq.  to  Cbarlotte-Blliabcth,  eUaat  dMTor 
Hnrh  nrkin,  eaq,  of  Montan-aq.  apd  aI! 

hurst  Lodge.  Kent. ^At  StOeorR'a,  hSb. 

over-aq.  John  Hugh  Gray,  eaqu  ot  Bifglitoa.  to 
Ann- Walter,  youngest  dan.  of  the  lala  Hmmwr 
O8bom,eaq.  of  Small  Heath,  Warwickah.       ' 

Fed.  5.   *'  *-    ^        '•  -   --    - 

dau. 
deen. 


'eb.  5.  At  Aberdeen,  Georva  Auldjo  Baaoii 
.  Accountant,  Bdinbnrirh.  to  Marvarec.  obIw 
.  of  Cai>t.  Skene,  of  LoulaviUe,  Saar  Abcr- 
n. 
Feb.  6.  At  St.  Pancraa,  Albert  Pkmart,  en. 
youngeat  aon  of  Louis  Pamart,  eaq.  of  Boa* 
loffne-aur-mer,  to  Matilda,   second  dka.  of 


William  Oliver,  esq.  of  Fitxroy-ao.- 


Of 
AtSt. 


Marv's,  l^dini^ton,  Charlea  Mam.  eUest  aoa 
of  Charles  Worthington,  of  Everuey,  Huita. 
eaq.  to  Helen- Bury,  youngest  dao.  or  tha  laS 
Henry  Hurle,  esq.  of  ISedford-row,  and  Ram*. 

bury,  WilU. At  Shaw,  the  Rev.  Caleb  Wl|. 

liama,  M.A.  Incumbent  of  Shaw,  near  Melk- 
aham,  third  son  of  Tliomaa  Wilfiama,  eaq.  of 
Cowley  Grove,  Middleaex.  to  nmny-BlinbcCiL 
third  dao.  of  the  Rev.  Thomaa  Ueatbcota.  tf 

Shaw  Hill  Houae,  Wilta. At  Preatbwy. 

Gtouceaterahire,  Franda  Swanton  BnrlodL 
esq.  to  Emma,  widow  of  the  late  William  John 
Pitt  Goodrich,  eaq.  of  Uncoln'a-lnn. 

Feb.  7.  At  Ayleabury.  the  Rev.  John  Rad- 
clyflTe  Pretyman.Vlcarof  Avleabury,  to  Amelia, 
third  dau.  of  Thomaa  Tlndal,  eaq.  of  the  aama 

place. ^The  Rev.  C.  S  Escott,  Rector  of  Ut- 

teafbrd,  Someraet.  to  Sarah  Ann  Young. 

Feb.  8.    At  High  Uttleton,  Someraet,  Mi 


Frederick  Sprye,  ItM.F.  aon  of  the  Rav. 


_ At  Clapham,  William  Steele,  eaq.  of 

Brixton  Hill,  to  Mary,  only  dan.  of  the  late 
Vobart  Bromley,  aaq.  of  Oapten  Riaa. — ^At 


tfidor 

Sp?w.'vicir  of'  Ugbp^iiij^/bevonTto  Min 
Langford,  of  Montvale  Houae.  in  the  fimncr 
CO.  aideat  of  taa  two  dan.  and  eo-hdra  of  tha 
lata  Richard  Langfbrd,  taq.  of  MoSnto! 


OBITUARY. 


Tbs  GftAKD  DarE  OF  Saxe-Cobuag 

AKJ>  Goth  A, 
Jm,  30.  At  Saxe  GotUa,  »ged  60, 
bii  Serene  Highness  Ernest  Frederiik 
Anthony  CHmHcs  LouU,  Duke  of  SMJconjft 
LftHftgnive  of  Thuringen,  Miirgrave  of 
MtftMien,  Prince  of  Coburg  and  Gotfaai 
K.G.  and  G.aB. 

He  WHS  born  Jan.  2,  1784,  the  eldest 
son  of  Fmni-is  Frederic  Anthony,  reign- 
ing Duke  of  Saxe  C'oburg  mid  Sastldd, 
by  AuguUa  Caroline  Sojihta,  eldi'st 
d«ui(hrer  of  Henry  ^-Itb  reir^tiing  Count 
Reuss  von  Ebei%dorf.  His  Serene  High- 
iirs«  WIS  uncle  and  ialher.in  Jaw  of  her 
Mnjesty  Queen  Victoria,  hrother  to  lb« 
King  of  the  Belgians  and  the  Ducbrss  of 
Kent,  uncle  to  the  King  CcinsorC  of 
Portuj^l,  to  the  Duches«  of  NemcwirSf 
to  Prifiee  Augustus  the  husband  of  the 
PHncens  Clementine  of  Orleans,  and  to 
the  Prince  Lfojiold,  who  has  been  some- 
times  named  ^^s  the  future  consort  of  the 
Queen  of  Spain. 

He  succeeded*  in  1806,  hit  father*  John 
Frederick,  under  the  title  of  Dtike  of 
Saxe.  Coburg  an  dSsalfeld,  At  that  period 
Oermany  Wiis  subject  to  the  control  of 
Napoleon ;  who,  when  be  found  that  the 
hereditary  Prince  Ernest,  the  bte  Duke  of 
Coburg,  wai  at  the  Prussian  head- quarters, 
issaed  a  prockmatlon ,  dedanng  him 
his  pnrticfuar  enemy,  and  caui-ed  formal 
possession  to  be  rakeu  of  his  territories, 
AU  the  property  belonging  to  the  ducal 
family  nvas  seized ,  aod  a  very  heavy  con* 
tribuiJon  imposed  on  the  country,  which 
had  already  suffered  by  the  passage  of 
the  French  vrnf. 

It  was  not  till  the  peace  of  Tilsit  that, 
by  a  particular  stipulation,  the  house  of 
Saxe< Coburg  Saali'eld  wus  reimCated  in 
its  possessions.  Duke  Ernr«.t  then  re- 
turned to  his  dominions,  where  he  found 
the  finances  dilapidated  by  the  French 
aiuliorities,  and  hiii  country  to  the  last 
dtgree  im(>overished  by  the  devastation 
of  the  combined  armies,  to  which  it  had 
been  subjeoTed  by  the  ambition  and 
tyranny  of  Napoleon.  He  applied  htm. 
self  with  sedulous  seal  to  restore  order 
and  proap«ricy  to  his  distracted  subjects. 
Thoogh  he  wtf  not  able  to  effect  all  that 
be  desired,  be  was  the  instrument  of  con- 
ferrii^  great  and  lasting  benefits  on  his 
Mflbnag  people.  He  thus  gained  their 
eCMifidcfice  and  love,  bv  sharing  in  theif 
offlSctiont  and  sympatniting  with  them 
wider  ealamitieB  he  had  not  had  tbe  power 
to  remove. 


L~ 


Af^er  the  battle  of  Letpaic,  tbe  issue  of 

which  struck  so  severe  a  blow  to  the 
power  ol  Napoleon,  Duke  Ernest  joined 
the  allies,  and  took  the  command  ot  m 
portion  of  tbeir  army.  That  combined 
army  pursued  its  victories  until  the  Em^ 
peror  of  France  was  compelled  to  capitu^ 
late. 

In  tbe  year  1B55,  Frederick  IV,,  Duke 
of  Saxe.Gotha,  died  without  is»ue,  Soa)« 
differences  arose  between  lti$  heirs  as  to 
the  right  of  «urces«ion.  The  King  of 
Saxony  undertook  to  mediate  betivcen  the 
disputants ;  and  was  successful,  The 
Duke  ol  Coburg.  it  was  arranged,  should 
relinquish  Saalfeld,  and  iecei^e  Gotha  in 
its  atead.  Tliat  arraiigemetti  was  carried 
into  effectf  and  from  that  time  the  Duke 
of  Cobiirg  aitsumfd  the  fiyle  and  title  of 
6axe*Cobuig  and  Gotha,  insteud  of  Suxe- 
Coburg  and  Saalkld.  At  the  same  time 
he  removed  his  residence  from  Coburg  to 
Gotha.  The  Grand  Duke  chut  resided, 
and  at  length  died,  in  (he  cirv,  and  witbiii 
the  vi-alla  of  the  pxliice,  in  woieh  his  truly 
grciit  ancestor,  Ernest  the  Pious,  also 
lived  and  died,  and  irom  which  his  tJtl« 
was  derived. 

The  Duke  married  first,  July  31, 1817. 
Princess  Louisa  Dorothea  Paulina  Char. 
lotte  Frederica  Augusta,  only  child  of 
Augustus  Emiliui  Leopold,  late  reixntng 
Duke  of  Saxe  Gutha  and  Altenburg. 
That  lady  having  died  on  the  3Dtb  August^ 
1831,  the  Duke  married  secondly.  Dee. 
23 1  1832,  Pnucess  Antoinetta  Frederics 
Augusta  Mary  Anne,  daughter  of  Duka 
Alexander  Frederick  Churles  of  Wur- 
temburg.  This  Udy  survives  him  without 
iseue^  By  bis  former  lady  fa«  bad  issue 
only  two  children  I  Ernest  Augustui 
Charles  John  Leopold  Alexander  Edward^ 
bis  successor;  and  His  Royal  Highriest 
Prince  Francis  Albert  Augustus  Chartei 
Emmanuel,  married  Feb.  10,  lAiO,  to  ber 
Majesty  Victoria,  Queen  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland. 

The  present  Duke  wmb  bom  in  1818, 
and  married  in  1842  Princess  Alcjuindrina 
Louisa  Amelia  Frederica  Eitzabeth  So- 
phia, eldest  daughter  of  I^opold,  Grand 
Duke  of  Baden. 

The  Duke*s  funeral  took  place  on  tbe 
3d  Feb.  in  the  church  anorhed  to  the 
paliice  at  Gotha,  amid  salvo*  of  artillery 
and  the  solemn  Colling  of  bells.  The 
body  lay  in  state  tbe  day  previous  in  one 
of  the  principal  apartments  of  the  Palace^ 
and  was  vifited  by  several  thousands  of 
persons  from  all  parts  of  the  dukedonii 


312        Donna  Canittta  of  Spain,^^MarqueM  of  VTineieiter.      (Mnreh, 


ill  testifying  their  deep  regret.  After 
the  service  wss  chanted  over  the  coffin, 
which  WES  carried  up  to  the  aJtar  by 
twelve  gentlemen  of  the  court,  M.  Jacobi, 
the  court  chaplain,  delivered  an  affecting 
discourse,  reminding  his  bearers  of  the 
iDiuij  virtues  of  their  late  Sovereign. 

Donna  Carlotta  op  Spain. 

Jan,  29.  At  Madrid,  Donna  Carlotta, 
wife  of  Don  Francisco  de  Paula,  Infant 
of  Spain.  Her  death  took  place  after  a 
•erere  attack  of  measles,  which  termi- 
iiated  fatally  on  the  third  day. 

Donna  Carlotta  vna  sister  to  the  pre- 
■ent  King  of  Naples  and  to  the  Queen 
Christina,  and  consequently  aunt  to 
Queen  Isabel  of  Spain.  She  played  a 
prominent  part  in  the  intrigues  which 
preceded  the  death  of  Ferdinand  VII., 
and  was  a  most  powerful  agent  in  under- 
mining the  influence  of  the  first  wife  of 
Don  Carlos  and  of  the  Princess  de  Beira. 
It  was  mainly  through  her  aid  that  Queen 
Christina  was  enabled  to  gain  that  great 
iscendancy  over  the  mind  of  Ferdinand 
which  induced  him  to  revoke  the  Salique 
kw,  and  proclaim  his  daughter  Isabel  suc- 
cessor to  the  throne.  The  Minister 
Calomarde,  during  her  absence  in  Anda- 
lusia, had  induced  the  dying  King  to  re- 
yoke  his  will,  and  restore  the  succession 
of  Don  Carlos,  when  she  slapped  his  face 
on  the  pakce  stairs,  and  called  him  bribon 
and  earqio.  She  continued  to  the  death 
of  the  King  the  fearless  enemy  of  the 
Carlist  party,  and  to  her  exertions  the 
exile  of  the  Princess  de  Beira  and  retreat 
of  Don  Carlos  from  Madrid  to  Lisbon 
was,  in  a  great  degree,  to  be  attributed. 

How  far  Donna  Carlotta  was  induced 
to  take  a  forward  part  in  those  intrigues, 
by  speculating  on  the  advantages  to  be 
derived  by  her  own  children,  cannot  be 
exactly  known,  but  it  appears  that  no 
doubt  on  that  head  existed  in  the  minds 
of  Queen  Christina  and  her  ministerial 
advisers.  After  the  death  of  the  King 
the  influence  of  the  princess  gradually 
diminished,  until  an  open  breach  was  pro- 
claimed between  her  and  the  Regent. 
The  violence  of  her  temper  and  coarse- 
ness of  mind  and  manners  contributed  to 
this  result,  as  much  as  the  avowed  patron- 
age  which  she  bestowed  on  the  ultra- 
liberal  factions  that  hovered  about  the 
Spanish  court  immediately  after  that 
avent.  Donna  Carlotta  then  threw  off 
all  restraint,  and  she  and  her  not  over- 
wise  husband,  the  Infant  Don  Francisco^ 
became  the  rallying  point  of  the  discon- 
tented,  so  much  so  that  a  change  of  cli- 
mate was  recommended,  and  they  and 
their  children  emigrated  to  France.  The 
political  changes  that  took  place  rince  the 
11 


revolution  of  La  Granja  did  not  advance 
her  interests,  and  even  the  Regent  £a- 
partero  kept  her  and  her  husband  in  check, 
and  barely  permitted  a  short  residence  at 
Madrid. 

For  the  last  three  years  Donna  Car- 
lotta  centered  all  her  wishes  and  intrigoea 
in  one  point,  which  was  acceptable  to  a 
large  number  of  the  people  of  Spain. 
She  withdrew  all  claims  for  herself  and 
Don  Francisco,  and  endeavoured  to  pro- 
mote a  marriage  between  her  son,  the 
Duke  of  Cadiz,  and  the  young  Queen, 
his  cousin.  Her  talents  for  intrigue  and 
her  steadiness  of  purpose  had  on  tbia 
subject  an  ample  field  of  display,  and  ahe 
used  them  so  successfully  that  the  project 
was  seriously  listened  to  in  more  than  one 
quarter.  It  was  even  acceptable  to  many 
Spaniards,  as  il  excluded  all  foreign  claim* 
ants,  annihilated  the  pretensions  of  Don 
Carlos  and  his  children,  and  removed  the 
objections  of  Louis  Philippe  to  a  mar* 
riage  not  in  the  Bourbon  line. 

The  death  of  Donna  Cariotta  adda 
much  strength  to  the  influence  of  Queen 
Christina  at  Madrid,  as  her  husband,  Don 
Francisco,  is  quite  unequal  to  carry  on 
the  intrigues  which  she  so  ably  originated 
and  as  vigorously  followed  up.  The  dia- 
contented  will  no  longer  find  in  a  princeaa 
of  the  blood  and  mother  of  the  possible 
if  not  probable  King  Consort  a  rnllviiig 
point,  and  the  Liberals  in  general  will  aee 
that  it  is  their  interest  no  longer  to  op* 
pose  the  p;ood  and  solid  system  of  govern- 
ment which  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the 
Queen  and  Queen  Mother,  grown  wise 
by  much  adversity,  will  see  the  prudence 
of  establishing. 

Donna  Cariotta  was  in  her  d4th  year. 
The  decided  traits  of  her  countenance  cor- 
responded with  the  vigour  of  her  mind. 
Her  person  was  not  graceful,  as  ahe 
shewed  early  in  life  a  tendency  to  that 
family  embonpoint  which  has  cminged  the 
once  elegant  form  of  Queen  Christina, 
and  which  disfigures,  almost  to  deformity, 
the  shape  of  their  younger  sister,  the  wife 
of  the  Infant  Don  Sebastian. 

In  the  opinion  of  many,  the  chances  of 
the  Duke  of  Cadis  becoming  King  Con. 
sort  are  improved  by  the  decease  of 
Donna  Carlotta,  as  the  nature  of  her  in* 
fluence  over  him  was  a  constant  source  of 
apprehension  at  Madrid. 

Thr   Marquess  of  Winchbstba. 

Nov,  29.  In  Cavendish. square,  in  hia 
79th  year,  the  Most  Hon.  Charles  In- 
goldsby  Burroughs  Paulet,  the  thirteenth 
Marquess  of  Winchester  (1551),  and 
Premier  Marquess  of  England,  Earl  of 
Wiltshire  (1550),  and  Baron  St.  John  of 
Basing  (1539);  and  a  Privy  Councillor.  . 


1844.] 


The  Earl  qfPlt/moulh.—Lady  Newbonugh. 


SIS 


His  lordship  wat  born  Jan.  3iK,  1T65, 
the  cMer  son  of  George  the  tweUth 
Mwrquesa  of  Winchester,  by  Martha 
daughter  of  Thomtn  Ingoldsby,  tsr]., 
tnd  succeeded  to  the  peerage  on  the 
deuth  of  his  father,  Aprii  22,  IHOO,  He 
WHS  appointed  Gruom  of  the  Stole,  mid 
■warn  n  Pfivy  Councilor  March  3<}^  1812; 
md  retained  that  oUSee  until  tbe  deMth  tA 
William  the  Fourth.  His  lordship  as* 
Btimed  the  name  of  Burroughs  before 
Pliulel  by  roy:il  ii cense,  dated  Aug,  16, 
163§i  in  compliance  with  the  will  of 
Dime  Sflmh  Snlusbury,  of  OfHey  Plaee, 
Herti,,  Upper  Harley.atreet,  und  Brsnds- 
burv,  Middleaex, 

The  Marquess  of  Winchester  married, 
July  31 »  1800,  Anne  second  daughter  of 
the  late  John  Afidrews,  esq,^  of  Sbotney 
HrtU,  Northumberland  ;  and  by  that  lady, 
who  di^d  Mi^rch  21,  lBl-1,  he  had  ig§ne, 
four  sons  and  two  daughters:  1.  John^ 
ttow  Murque»3  of  Winchester ;  2,  The 
Rew  Lord  Charles  Pautet,  s  Prebendary 
of  Salisbury  and  Vicar  of  WeIle.«bourf»e, 
Warwickshire;  he  married  in  1831  Caro- 
line iMar^'aret  third  ditughter  of  the  Ijiie 
Sir  Jobn  Rninsdei^  Bart,,  iitid  bus  issue 
three  surviving  aans;  3.  Lord  George 
Pay  let.  Captain  R,N,,  who  married  in 
1835  Georgmci,  daughter  of  thelati' Gen. 
Sir  George  Wood,  K.C.B.,  of  Atter- 
•hnw  Pttik^  Surrey,  and  has  issue  two 
tons ;  4..  Lord  William  Paul^t,  Lieu- 
tenant. Colonel  of  the  6^th  Foot,  nn- 
^  married;  5,  Lady  Annahella,  married  in 
1827  to  Capt.  William  Ramsden,  K.N. ; 
•econd  son  of  the  late  Sir  John  HitmR- 
den,  Bart.;  6.  Lady  Cecilia,  married  in 
1642  to  Sir  Charles  dcs  Voeux,  Bart.  ;and 
7.  Lord  Frederick  PauJet,  Captain  in  the 
CoJdftremii  Guards,  who  is  unmirried. 

The  present  Marquess  was  bom  in 
18D1,  and  is  unmarried.  He  is  Colonel 
of  the  North  Hants  Militia. 

Tbe  body  of  the  late  Marquess  wai 
conveyed  to  Amport,  in  Hampshire,  for 
interment. 


The  Earl  or  Plvmoutk. 
Dec,    B.      At    his   bo u^    jrt   Brook- 
«treer«  aged  7J,  the   Right  Hon.   Henry 
Windsor,  eighth  Earl  of  Plymouth. 

His  Lordship   was  born  tbe   1st  Feb. 
1766,  the  fifth  son  and  youngest  child  of 
Other^Lewis,  tbe   fourth    Earl,    by   the 
Hon.  Cvtharine   Archer,  eldest  daughter 
of  Thomas  first  Lord  Archer.     He  »uc- 
'  ceeded  to  the  peerage  on  the  dealh  of  his 
brother  Andrews,  the  seventh  Earl,  un- 
married, Jan.    19,   1S37.      He   married. 
[•July  12,  17a8>  Anne,  daughter  of  Tho- 
I  mat  Copaon,  esq.  of  Sutcon  Hall,  Lei- 
eticershtrc;    but    bad    no    issue.      The 
Qkstt.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI* 


ear!dom  of  Plymouth  hai,  consequentlfp 
become  extinct. 

It  wa*  fir^st  bestowed,  in  the  year  1682, 
on  Thomas^  seventh  Lord  Windsor,  who 
was  fifth  in  descent  from  Andrew  Wind- 
sor, sumrnoncd  to  Parliament  by  writ  in 
1629.  The  Bnroiiy  thus  created  fell  into 
abeyance  in  1799,  on  the  dnarh  of  Other- 
Archer  tbe  aixtb  Earl  of  Plymouth,  only 
son  of  Other- Hickman  fifth  Earl,  thi 
eldest  brother  of  the  peer  now  deceased, 
between  bis  sister  Muria  Marchioness  of 
Downshire,  and  Lady  Unrriet  Clive,  wift 
of  the  Hon.  Robert  Henry  Clive,  both 
of  whom  have  several  children. 

The  family  traced  iheir  descent  from 
Willium  Fitz-Other,  who  was  casfellan 
of  Windsor,  at  the  time  of  the  Norman 
Survey,  and  vvho^^o  descendant  William 
de  Windjnor  married  tbe  celebrated  AHee 
Piers,  the  concubine  of  King  Edvvnrd, 
was  snmmoned  to  Parliament  by  King 
Richufd  the  Second,  and  made  Lieute. 
naiit  of  Ireland. 

Lady  NF.waofioL'GH. 

Lateitf,  At  l^iris,  aged  about  70,  the 
Right  Hon.  Maria  -  Stella  -  Petronilla 
dowager  Lndy  Newboroogh,  and  Baro* 
ness  Steinberg:  mother  of  tbe  lace  and 
present  Lords  Newborough. 

Her  ladyship  was  tbe  reputed  daugbttr 
of  Lorenzo  Chmppini  and  the  Murcheaina 
Modigliani.  She  became  the  second  wife 
of  Thomas  first  Lord  Newboroiigh,  who 
died  on  the  12th  Oct.  1H07  ;  huvtng  had 
i»sue  by  her  Thomas- John  his  succestor, 
who  died  on  the  J5th  Nov.  1832;  and 
Spencer- Bui keley  tbe  present  and  third 
lord.  Her  ladyship  was  re-married  on  tb« 
I  Ith  Sept.  1810  to  tbe  Baron  Steinberg. 

Lady  New  borough  was  a  lady  of  very 
eccentric  character,  and  laboured  under 
the  deluF^ion  that  she  was  the  legitimate 
daughter  of  the  Duke  of  Orleans,  the 
father  of  the  present  King;  and  that  when 
an  infant  she  was  exchanged  for  Louis 
Philippe,  who  the  declared  was  the  ton 
of  a  gaoler.  She  published  several  pam- 
phlets branding  Louiti  Philippe  as  an  im* 
pOAtor,  and  the  police  more  than  once 
were  desirous  of  setiding  her  out  of  tbe 
country;  but  Louis  Philippe,  well  know- 
ing that  she  was  mad,  refused  to  allow  to 
much  importance  to  be  attacbed  to  her 
nvin,;ii,  itnd  she  contrnued  to  reside  in 
the  Hue  de  Rivoli  in  the  full  enjoyment 
of  all  her  eccentricities,  one  of  which  was 
to  open  an  upper  room  of  ber  apartment 
for  all  the  sparrows  of  the  neighbourhood, 
who  were  there  provided  daily  with  food. 
The  residence  of  Lady  Newborough  waa 
well  known  from  this  circumstance,  for 
hundreds  of  sparrows  were  bov«rin^aboat 
tbe  pbiceit  ail  hours  of  tbe  day* 


The  y^  P^^  J999fyk.Sh  JMMii  AifdM;  JBorf. 


SI4 

Lateh  probjb^y  '•"  />«•.  I'^IJ'.  At 
Edinbu^ch.  rbe  Hc>n.  P^rnr  Jor^'rn.  D.D. 

He  wan  r^e  fi'cond  »i»n  of  Ruben  firrt 
Ewi  of  Rc^er-  He  «rj#  con«rfTited  to 
tk«  »«*  ot  hVnw  ard  Lrrirhiin  on  the  Sd 
ol  Sept.  IH^>  i**  C'hnft  i'burrb  catbe- 
dm\  l>ub ::n :  m^*  triP*-«ted  to  the  we 
of   tiocber  in    ItftW:   •^    depnted  in 

We  9h*\\  nor.  we  tbink.  be  comiderrd 
M  iirproperW  omip^inf  o«r  p«ge«.  if  we 
wvwrtYin  tbem  ll^e  foitewiny  intenpft- 
Wf  and  not  unproDtabie  record  of  tbia 
miibappT  but  apparentlT  repentant  tms- 


An  indiTidnal  died  bere  a  fbort  tioM 
rincv  wbo  obtained  an  unennabte  cele- 
britT  more  tban  twenir  jew^  aco.  Tbii 
wMtbe  Bifbopot  Ciocber.  w  bo  was  in. 
dieted  for  an  arnatwml  criow.  con  mitred 
in  St.  Jame»'«.  Lordon.  in  1«2.  for- 
feited bail  and  fled,  waa  decraded  from 
bit  r<rle*:a*tical  difnify.  and  baa  nerw 
aini-e  been  beard  ol  tiii  row.  He  kept 
bou<e  at  No.  4.  Sal-^sbu'r.p'ace.  £din. 
baicb.  under  tbe  artumed  naxe  of  Tbo- 
mat  Wil<on,  to  wbicb  be  removed  foor 
mrf  a^,  bavinc  pnenowW  retided 
■I  Gaacow.  His  mode  off  livnc  wa«  ex- 
tremely  prirate.  warre'r  anv  Tnttors 
brii^  'known  to  enter  bi«dweuir<:  ba: 
h  WB«  remarked  that  t't*  pc«t  omMon. 
all  J  brottKbt  bim  let  ten  «caLe'i  w:ih  eoro- 
•et*.  Hit  fa«ya»f»  «a*  wonder-ul'f 
preferred.  It  wis  on-i  Known  :o  one  cir 
taro  indiTid»is  in  tbe  rrijrbboa^bood. 
vbo  kept  ifce  wrrvt  n.i  arrer  bit  deaib. 
Tbe  appiotwn  tcr  !r:er-r«nt  wvf  reia^e 
m  tbe  name  ol  TbooM*  ^'Atez^.  Tbciv 
waaapUte  apon  tbooodia.  «b-<ab«bad 
fat  prepared  tom^  reart  before.  b«t  w::a. 
•■c  anr  aaso  opoo  it.  It  bore  a  Laba 
iBfttripcior.  puparid  i«ar«  herbrp.  the 
teaae  af  w^xb  «ai  ta  foLowt.—*  H«r« 
kc  tbe  leamiBf  of  a  creas  R'«?ef . 
hf  fiacev  wboav  bope  reart  «a  :*«  atoe:ai 
mauira  a'  ^^  L«^  -'e'ut  t'ar?9c.'  He 
«at  rery  aBix»at  to  c«*orat  ^:«  tr^w  aaw. 
baaiac  toK  it  earvfaUy  ob^.terated  nom 
bra  bcoka  a-'«d  ar:x'!e«  of  fs-rz-.u-?.     Ho 

Cr«  uw(nKfw%f  tbat  is  burai  tsoaid 
m  tbe  aeareae  e«rY^rL-d.  :bai  n 
aboaad  big  coad-Pted  ;■  :be  e-«ae  ?ra?e 
i*d  pia*n  mav^pr.  a-*«d  at  «.«  :•*  :Se  mora. 
inc.  Ht*  d:«e«twr»  aere  i^amr  -fd  wrti 
tair^  ia  :Ve  »?eeoca  c^  :•*  crvti^d 
U»  bodv  arm  d*^wa  to  ?a«  Xew'  Cev«. 
Irr  ia  a  Wofw  mrz^  immt  K?nv.  r^N  cwd 
bv  ftw  miWfaerf  ^a  a  «iae>atfr«e  CRtcb.  •? 
•riea  im  rW  matr^^np.  Socft  ^aa  rSp 
abararo  aaa<  ^ambar  deark  a?^  rV^  at  j«' 
ibo  HoSk  aa^  Ker.  Perev  J^eiia.  *^ 
aaa  M  a  piar.  abv  laaac  'rbv  <««'v  «a«;a 
•f  biailiPviitoMMipif  tbtfiaac.'  Md 


beM  one  of  t&e  bigfccM 

nitie*  of  the  empire."— <FVhb  tkt 


Sn  Feawos  BrBBcrr,  Rasr. 

Jaa.  23.  In  St.  Ja 
in  two  dart  of  complethif  bm  Tdch  yw. 
Sir  Francis  Harden,  tbe  fifth  Amt.  ar 
Foremark,  co.  Derhe  (1618),  11.^.  fw 
North  Wiltabiro. 

Sir  Francia  Bardcna 
Jan.  17^1.  tbe  eldeat  aoa  af 
Burdett.  Esq.  (arbo  died  ia 
of  bit  father  Sir  Robert. 
Baronet.)  br  Elcaoor.  divfhttf  wmi  9^ 
beim«  of  tTiliian  Jones,  eaq.  mi  Bmm^ 
burr  ^lanor.  co.  Wilta. 

He  wma  cdoeated  at  WetfmfaMar 
Scbonl.  and  tbence  went  to  Oifbai;  haC 
be  onlr  spent  two  vean  af  the  oniaMtop, 
proceeding  apon  a  coBDaental  to«r  ta  Ifet 
jcar  17901  He  thus  encored  an  appar. 
tanitr  of  witnetainf.  if  not  tbe  rue,  rt 
least  a  considerabie  portion,  of  tbe  pvm. 
frem  of  tbe  French  rerolotion.  He  rcu 
anicd  tomewbai  tinctnrcd  with  Freacft 
principiet.  and  had  learned  to  look  upon 
the  tbea  exsabag  aiate  of  the  repreaen- 
latifv  branch  of  oer  Lefitlanve  with  feel. 
inc«  of  luui  dimpprubaiwii.  Bat  al. 
tboofh  be  went  both  to  arhool  aa4 
roL-ece.  aad  tbcafh  be  nnoyad  the  ad. 
f«r?a«e  of  ferfica' travel,  m  be  moat,  t» 
fose  ex*e«.  be'conadcred  aa  tbe  eOar  af 
tbe  ccVbrand  Jobn  Horne  Tooke,  Aa 
weiUkaown  author  of  the  INveniooa  af 
Pariev.  who  diaiuiiiied  with  the  rah 
of  tew  mesoir  qmte  as  oftca 
.i*:fal  qgesnoRS  as  apOQ  moec 
phiioioar.  apcD  the  piimitiia 
amaku^  failr  aa  often  as  apoa  tha'primi- 
tiTe  woHs  m  anr  ciira  kaamipe.  1> 
t^  iostmetioaa  of  Pane*  lloraie.  thta, 
we  may  impose  90  foac!  p.auoa  of  Aa 
reforsBi-^  Vpoit  wfcirh  rscroaed  fl«th 
amrcea  t^aaerco  apaa  30  pahfcc  an  of 
Sir  Frawss  Bardrci. 

He  caxe  back  :e  Eswad  ia  ITMLaad 
>>s  ::e  jc:  .:  Ajctbi:  :-  :ha:  laar  he 
BM.— <d  :i<  T>ir*eK  dufirar  "of  the 
wc:..C9ew?  Mr.  Coarse  tac  laakcr.  aad 
faster  :.«  F-afteea  Slarc^Moeaa  of  BaDe. 
aad  Sciaaa  Ccwatcm  or  Gar'^dfmd.  VIA 
r*3  4  !jdT  be  leteiied  a  a!Te  fvrrmr.  He 
Mcfiifaei  TO  **o  harooircrT  ««  Ae  ( 
«f  i^  «-i-««:her.  Ftr  fi.  i79T. 

1-   »?»  Sr:   Fn 
Pmijas-'-::  asi, 
rwoH^T  k-:ow^   M   vabi^e  sfr.  ho 
bimic-?  i-cer  :*o  »Mcaai?T  a/  i 
aponrveo  s  :)«  ikuue  ac  Camaaeaa  ai 
:^  r«or9«eo;»rt«  of   «ff^  af 
n?oic*s  wise*,  a  a<=9Kr  loviw 
rrf^fue^rij  :»e  tbaoaos  a<f  ka 


limii 


OatTvax-'^ir  Francif  Burdetl,  Bart, 


9U 


I 


Puke  of  Newcastle »  returned  to  F»r] la- 
ment for  Borougbbridge,  Mi  colleague 
being  Mr.  Scott,  afterwards  Lord  Eldon. 
In  tEose  days  th«  idea  of  inducing  tbe 
Hoy«e  of  CommoDa  to  reform  ittdf  wai 
of  »4>  theoretical  a  cbaracter,  and  »o 
diitaut  in  it$  protpect  of  realization^  that 
none  but  the  most  sanguine  could  tbink 
of  enl«rtainiug  mch  a  |iro;ect;  but  tbe 
young  member  for  Borougb bridge  ventured 
to  persuade  bimaetf  that  even  he  mtgbt 
live  to  participate  in  tbe  fame  of  baving 
actively  contributed  to  tbe  consummation 
of  fo  grettt  ati  event,  Tbia  led  to  bia 
being  a  frequent  ipeaker  iu  the  Hou&e  of 
Commons,  But  his  public  life  was  by  no 
□leans  confined  to  tbe  place  wbicb  he 
occupied  in  Parliament :  the  builings  nt 
Covent-gardcn  j  tbe  King's  Arms  in 
Fiiiljice^yurd  ;  the  great  room  of  (be  Crown 
and  Anchor  Tavern ,  in  tbe  Straud^ — it 
was  amidiht  the  democratic  movements  of 
which  thet^e  localities  were  the  scenes, 
that  Sir  Francis  Burdett  eiitabJiabed  his 
popularity  and  eitended  his  tume.  Few 
men  wbo  ever  aimed  at  playing  the  part  of 
a  "  tribune  of  tbe  people"  have  been  better 
QusUtied  than  tbe  subject  of  Ibis  notice 
for  enacting  a  bigber  character.  Of  ex- 
tensive reading,  redued  taste,  and  great 
natural  powers,  be  yet  cotidescended  to 
court  the  '*  most  sweet  voices'*  of  tbe 
multitude,  and  be  did  so  with  almost  un. 
rivalled  success.  His  gentlemanlike  and 
prepossessing  exterior  won  lavour  for  him 
tbe  moment  be  presented  bimnelf  to  a 
public  afisemhiy.  He  bad  all  tbe  energy, 
tbe  appearance  of  g04>d  faith,  and  tbe 
passionate  fervour  so  indispensable  to  a 
populitr  orator*  His  cousciousneBs  of 
rectitude  never  seemed  to  desert  him  ;  bis 
felicity  of  illustration  was  even  more  re- 
markahte  than  bis  readiness  of  reply,  and 
those  faulti  of  what  is  property  called 
style  fof  which  he  might  often  be  con- 
victed) were  not  rarely  noticed  during  the 
beat  of  debute  or  amidst  the  excitement 
of  a  public  meeting.  >ieitlier  wei^c  many 
of  b^s  imperfect  modes  of  e^preaVion  re* 
corded,  for  in  his  jipcecbeii,  as  repotted, 
bis  vigorous  thougbtf,  bis  forcible  and 
exprea&ivc  phrases,  were  arranged  in  he- 
coming  order,  and  puri^ed  from  &ome,  at 
leastf  of  their  grammuticul  inuecuracies. 
Id  speaking  be  scarcely  axur  tinished  a 
seriteoce,  but  let  one  run  into  tbe  otbrf 
in  a  manner  so  inartiBcial  and  immetbo. 
dical  that  a  verbatim  account  of  what  be 
said  would  never  have  Ijeen  tolerated  by 
toy  reader  of  new^papcrs^  He  was^ 
aeverthdess,  one  of  the  most  effective 
public  speakers  of  whom  England  could 
ooast ;  and,  at  one  time,  one  of  the  most 
popular  men  in  the  country. 
Qn  ibie  13cb  Feb.  l^QQ,  be  opposed 


the  continuance  of  the  Habeas  Corpui 
Suspension  Bill  as  a  measure  fraught  with 
danger  to  the  liberties  of  the  people,  and 
subversive  of  their  con$titutioriuI  rights. 
On  tbe  9th  of  April  in  the  following  year 
he  entered  at  considerable  length  into  the 
measure  called  **  tbe  Sedition  Bill,''  and 
proposed  conciliator}^   measures    to    sp. 

Eease  the  discontents  in  Ireland.  In  1808 
e  oiTered  himself  as  a  candidate  for  the 
county  of  Middlesex  tn  opposition  to  the 
former  member  Mr.  Mai ihvs ring.  He 
thought  be  bad  long  enough  sat  for  the 
obscure  town  of  Borougbbridge,  tind  that 
the  tirue  had  at  trngtb  arrived  when  be 
might  fairiy  offer  himself  for  a  metro- 
poliLart  county.  This  attempt,  after  a 
contest  of  fitieen  days*  duration,  lerml- 
nated  as  follows  : 

Oeorife  fiyng,  esq.  ,  .  ,  .  S84S 
Sir  Francis  Burdett  .  ,  .  3£07 
W,  Mainwaring,  esq.  .  .  .  2936 
The  election  was  subsequently  declared 
void,  on  account  of  some  mij^condurt  on 
the  part  of  theSherifis,  for  which  they  were 
committed  to  Newgate,  and  on  a  new 
election  in  August,  1804,  be  was  defeated 
by  Mr,  Mainwaring,jun. pollmga  n^sjority 
of  five  votes,  282©  to  2823  In  the  year 
IftOI,  the  Rev,  John  Home  Tooke,  in 
the  teeth  of  his  perpetual  sarcasm snguinst 
rotten  boroughs,  bad  entered  the  House 
of  Commons  as  member  for  Old  Sarum, 
on  tbe  nomination  ot  Lord  Cumellord. 
An  attempt  was  made  to  exclude  bim  on 
account  of  his  being  a  clergy  man,  and  an 
Act  was  subsequently  brought  in  declaring 
tbe  future  ineligibility  of  persons  in  holy 
orders  to  sit  in  Pttrtiament,  and  Mr. 
Tooke  retired  from  Parliament  at  its  next 
dissolution.  As  might  be  expected,  Sir 
Francis  Burdett  took  an  active  part  in 
tbe  discusMons  to  wbicb  thin  measure 
gate  rise,  strenuously  supporting  the 
rights  of  bis  quondam  instructor. 

At  tbe  next  gefieral  election  in    1606 
Sir  Francis  Burdett  again  became  a  can* 
didnte  for   Middlesex;   but  was  defeated 
by  Mr.  Mfllit^h,  the  poU  beiug,  for 
WtlUam  Mellish,  esq.      .     .     3,2t3 
Geori^e  Byng,  esq.       .     ,     .     2,301 
Sir  FrancJs  Burdett    .     .     .     1,197 
Thenceforward  be  resolved  to   spend 
no  more  money  in  contested  rlecrions, 
which  resolution  be   for  a  considerable 
time  wait  en»bled  to  observe.  Sir  Francis 
was  at  this  period  a  person  of  great  influ- 
ence  in   the   city  of   Westminster,  and, 
%vben  a  vacancy  in  its  representaiiou  oc- 
curred by  tbe  death  of  Mr.  Fox,  be  pro- 
miiied  bis  support  to  Mr.  Faull,  of  wbicb 
that  gentleman  so  far  availed  bim«!elf  aa 
to  announce  his  friend  in  an  advertise. 
metit   M  cbftirtnao  of  an  electigueemig 


6bititaby.— Sir  I'Voiictf  Burdeti,  Bari. 


316 


dinner  without  bii  consent  or  knowledge. 
For  thi<  ibuse  of  fHendsbip  Mr.  Paul! 
WM  obliged  to  apologize  to  the  company; 
and,  atter  toroe  ang^  communications  be- 
tween him  nnd  Sir  Francis,  a  duel  ensued, 
in  which  both  parties  were  severely 
wounded,  and  there  having  been  no  me- 
dical gentleman  present,  and  but  one  car- 
riage on  the  spot,  it  became  necessary  to 
remoye  both  the  combatanu  to  town  in  the 
Mme  yehicle  with  as  little  delay  as  pos- 
sible. 

The  election  for  Westminfter,  at  this 

Siriod,  terminated  in  placing  Sir  Francis 
urdett  at  the  head    of   the  poll,   the 
numbers  of  which  were  as  follow : 

Sir  Francis  Burdett    .     .     .  5,131 

Lord  Cochrane       ....  3,708 

B.  Brinslry  Sheridan      .     .  2,615 

John  Elliot,  esq 2,137 

James  Paull,  esq 269 

His  opposition  to  the  Government  of 
the  day  was  formidable  and  unceasing ; 
and  hia  political  enemies  took  advantage 
of  the  ven'  earliest  opportunity  which 
bis  want  of  discretion  gave  them  to  make 
hit  conduct  the  subject  of  legal  proceed- 
ings. Earlv  in  the  year  1810  he  ad- 
dressed  a  letter  to  his  constituents,  in 
which  he  denied  the  power  of  commit- 
nent  for  libel  that  the  House  of  Com- 
mons had  recently  exercised  in  the  case  of 
Jdr.  John  Gale  Jones.  Sir  Francis's 
letter  was  brought  under  the  notice  of  the 
House,  and  a  resolution  was  agreed  to, 
declaring  that  the  publication  of  this  do- 
cument was  a  gross  breach  of  their  pri- 
▼ileges.  A  resolution  immediately  fol- 
lowedf  that  the  hon.  Baronet  be  com- 
mitted to  the  Tower.  Thereupon  the 
Spealcer  issued  his  warrant;  but  Sir 
Francis  Burdett  refused  to  surrender 
himself  to  the  custody  of  the  Serjeant-at- 
Arms,  and  addressed  a  letter  to  the 
Speaker,  denying  the  legality  of  the  vote 
or  the  warrant,  and  declaring  that  he 
would  submit  to  nothing  but  force.  After 
a  lapse  of  two  days  the  Serjeant-at- 
Arms,  accompanied  by  messengers,  po- 
lice-officers, and  a  military  force,  suc- 
ceeded in  breaking  into  his  house  and 
conveyed  him  to  the  Tower,  escorted  by 
a  large  body  of  infantry  and  dragoons. 
On  the  return  of  the  military  some  lives 
were  lost  amongst  the  mob.  The  proroga- 
tion of  Parliament  put  an  end  to  his  im- 
pritonment.  It  was  the  wish  of  his  sup- 
porters throughout  the  metropolis  to  at- 
tend him  in  procession  from  the  Tower 
to  bis  own  house ;  but  he,  recollecting  the 
excitement  which  prevailed  at  the  time  of 
his  committal,  quitted  the  place  of  his  im. 
prisonment,  proceeded  privately  by  water 
to  Westminster  Bridge,  and  that  leadvrf 


[Hftidif 


home  without  occasioning  any  ditturbanee 
of  the  public  tranquillity. 

He  lost  no  time  after  his  liberation 
from  the  Tower  in  bringing  an  action 
aninst  the  Speaker,  the  Serjeant-at- 
Arms,  the  Constable  of  the  Tower,  &c. 
but  in  these  proceedings  he  was  not  soe- 
cessful. 

On  the  23d  of  February,  1813,  ha 
made  a  proposition  for  a  new  Regencjr 
Bill,  which  he  recommended  with  consi- 
derable ability ;  but  it  was  not  successful. 
Propositions,  however,  unconnected  with 
Parliamentary  reform,  constituted  rather 
the  exception  than  the  rule  of  bis  puMIc 
conduct.  But,  of  course,  he  warmly 
supported  every  measure  of  what  was 
called  the  Liberal  party,  till  towards  the 
close  of  Lord  Grey*s  administration. 

In  the  year  1819,  when  nuiny  livea 
were  lost  during  the  disturbances  at  Man- 
chester, Sir  Francis  Burdett  addressed  a 
letter  to  his  constituents  on  that  lamenta- 
ble event,  and  on  the  meeting  of  Par- 
liament brought  the  subject  under  the 
consideration  of  the  House  of  Commons. 
This  effort  of  his,  however,  was  attended 
with  no  beneficial  result,  and  for  the 
letter  he  was  prosecuted  by  the  At- 
torney-General,  found  guilty  of  a  libel, 
and  sentenced  to  three  months'  impri. 
sonment  in  the  King*s  Bench  and  to  pay 
a  fine  of  1,000/. 

It  was  in  the  year  1837  that  he  ceased 
to  be  member  for  Westminster.  The  loaa 
of  his  seat  for  the  western  portion  of  the 
metropolis  was  occasioned  oy  his  unwill- 
ingness to  go  forward  with  the  Whig 
Ministry  of  that  day  in  what  they 
termed  a  '*  carrying  out  of  the  Reform 
Act.'*  Their  supporters,  of  course, 
charged  Sir  Francis  with  the  grossest  in- 
consistency, while  those  who  differed 
from  them  in  politics  pointed  to  his  high 
position  and  almost  princely  fortune  to 
show  that  he  could  not  have  been  ac- 
tuated by  any  motives  of  sordid  interest 
or  even  of  personal  ambition.  It  was 
contended,  that,  though  he  bad  long 
struggled  for  Parliamentary  Reform,  yet 
that  be  never  desired  to  see  the  prero- 
gatives of  the  Monarch  or  the  privilegea 
of  the  House  of  Peers  in  the  slightest 
degree  invaded ;  that,  though  he  strenu- 
ously supported  what  was  called  Roman 
Catholic  Emancipation,  yet  he  never  re- 
commended that  all  securities  for  the  es- 
tablished  Church  should  be  surrendered. 
Upon  grounds  such  as  these  it  was  held 
that  Sir  Francis  Burdett  bad  been  guilty 
of  no  inconsistency  whatever.  He  sup- 
ported reform  up  to  a  certain  point,  and 
taid  that  he  ahould  then  take  hit  atand. 
»r*  -  ji  I'-'-J  that  would  bt  itro- 
}  '^  Ui  iftna  ftf 


1844.]         Sir  Robert  Fitzwygram.^^Adm*  Sit  Graham  Moore,         313 

North  Wiltshire  he  joined  the  Conier^- 
tivepufty,  and  continued  to  support  it  till 
the  cIo<e  of  the  last  se^^&ton. 

He  WHS  a  ihati  of  very  ancient  deicciit, 
the  possessor  of  &n  old  baronetcy^  the 
owner  of  £1  splendid  fortune,  the  repre- 
•entntive  cvfaf^rcEit  county,  the  head  of  an 
bonoumble  fiimily;  a  mun  most  carefully 
edueated,  of  coni»idcra1jle  nttainments^  of 
great  natural  endowments  and  of  very  po- 
pular tjilents,  of  getieroys  feelings  what- 
ever may  Iw  thouglit  of  his  wisdom  anil 
discretion^  of  diprjificd  maoners,  of 
winning  address,  invested  wit!i  almost 
every  personal  advantage*  and  prompted 
by  tbe  mo^t  benevolent  impulses  i  it  can 
occislon  therefore  no  i^urpriBe  that  be 
should  have  enjoyed  a  remarkable  degree 
ofpopularity. 

Sir  Francis  Burdett  married,  Aug.  5, 
17f^3,  Sophia  youngest  daughter  of 
Thomas  Cant  Is  ^  esa.  of  Wcsr  minster, 
banker^  by  whom  he  bad  i^sue  one  aon* 
now  Sir  Robert  Burd«tt,  and  6vc 
daughters. 

The  youngest  of  these  ladies  was  se- 
lected by  tbe  late  Duche»s  of  St.  Albania 
(the  teiMmd  wife  and  widow  of  bur  grand- 
father  Mr.  Coutls)  lo  be  the  principal  in- 
bcritrijf  of  her  large  property^  and  she 
eonaequenily  took  the  surname  of  Coutts 
before  Burdett, 

Lady  Burdetfi  who  had  for  ninny  years 
been  a  great  invalid^  died  in  St.  JaDies*s. 
placet  on  the  ]*ith  Jan. 

Her  remains  had  been  removed  for  in- 
terment in  Wiltshire  on  the  morning  of 
Monday  the  2^d  Jan.  On  that  day  Sir 
Francis*  who  hud  for  some  time  been  til, 
appeared  much  worse,  and  on  tbe 
foUowing  morning  he  breatbed  bis  ltist» 
Their  bodies  were  interred  together 
at  Ramsbury,  in  Wiltshire,  on  Wi^d- 
nesday,  Jan.  31.  The  cavalcade  left 
Hungerfordat  ten  o^cIock  in  the  morning* 
The  hearse,  containinfj;  the  body  of  the 
late  Baronet,  and  followed  by  a  mourn. 
ing-coacb  conveying  the  chief  mournert  Sir 
Robert  Burdett,  Cupt.  Francis  Burdctt^ 
and  Sedley  Burdett^  ts,q*  bis  nephew;  a 
mourning -coach  containing  Lord  Dudley 
Stuart,  Otvvay  Cave,  esq.  and  Viscount 
Saiidon;  ancf  two  other  mourning- 
coaches,  contBtning  Sir  Edmund  Ar»tro. 
but,  Colonel  North,  tbe  He  v.  A.  Mey. 
rick,  and  other  personal  friends  of  the 
deceased.  The  late  Baronet's  private  car- 
riage was  succeeded  by  a  long  string  of 
carriages  belonging  to  the  gentry  ot  tbe 
county.  The  road  between  Hungerford 
and  Kam^bury  was  thronged  with  (Specta- 
tors, and  at  a  short  difitunce  from  the 
former  town  the  pro'ces&ion  was  met  and 
preceded  by  about  thirty  of  tbe  deceased 


Baron et'i  tenantry  on  horseback,  attd  at*l 
tired  m  deep  mourning, 

Sm  Robert  FtrzwYGnAM,  Bart. 

Dee.  17.     At   Brighton,  aged  70,  Sir  ' 
Robert    Fitzwygram^  Knt.  and  Bart,  of 
WHithamstow  House,  Esscx(l805)«a  De- 
puEy*Lieutenant  of  Essex,  and  D.C.L. 

Sir  Robert  Fitzwygrum  was  bom  Sept» 
25,  1113,  tbe  eldest  son  of  Sir  Robert 
Wigram  the  first  Baronet,  by  bis  first 
wife  Catharine,  daughter  of  Francis 
Broadhurst,  of  Mansfield,  co.  Notts,  esq. 
He  was  one  of  the  la^t  of  the  belrs 
apparent  of  Baronets  who  claimed  the 
privilege  of  Knighthood  during  his  fa. 
tber's  fifettme,  which  was  conferred  upon 
him  by  the  Prince  Regent^  May  7,  is  18. 

He  was  returned  to  Pailiament  for  the 
borough  of  Fowey  in  KSOG ;  and  a^er- 
wards  represented  Lostwithiel  and  Wex- 
ford, altogether  sitting  in  Parliament 
for  nearly  twenty-live  years.  During  the 
Duke  of  Portland's  administration  he 
was  offered  a  seat  at  the  Admiralty  Board, 
but  declined. 

In  1832  he  assumed  the  name  of  Fits- 
wygram  instead  of  that  wbieh  bad  been 
borne  by  his  father,  and  which  is  still 
retained  by  tbe  rest  of  bis  family  (in- 
cluding the  Vice- Chancellor  Sir  James 
Wigram) — a  fanciful  alteration,  and  we 
think  not  in  good  taste,  whether  we 
consider  tbe  usual  import  of  name* 
of  that  form  in  modern  times,  or  tbe 
original  meaning  of  the  word  Fitz,  which 
was  not  permanently  attached  to  any  one 
patronymic,  but  in  each  generation  was 
applied  to  tbe  name  of  the  immediate 
father,  as  it  is  still  in  Russia  and  some 
other  countries. 

Sir  Robert  Fitzw^gram  married,  Aug* 
3,  1812.  Selina,  daughter  of  Sir  Johti 
Hayes,  of  Clare ^  in  Ireland,  Bart.,  by 
wiiom  be  had  issue  five  sons,  1,  Sir 
Robert,  bis  successor,  bom  in  1813  i  2. 
George  Augustus  Frederick,  to  wbom 
King  George  IV.  and  the  Duke  of 
Clarence  stood  spotisora ;  3.  Frederick 
Wellington,  to  wbom  the  Duke  of  Yorf  " 
and  tbe  Duke  of  Wellington  stood  spon* 
sors  ;  4.  Fitzroy;  and  5.  Loft  us ;  and 
two  daughters,  Selina  Frances  and  Au* 
gusta  Catharine, 

Admihal  Sia  GiiAHAM  Moons,  G.C.B. 

Nov.  24.  At  Brook  Farm,  Cobham, 
Surrey,  Admiral  Sir  Graham  Moore, 
G.C.k,  G.C.M.G. 

Sir  Graham  Moore  was  tbe  third  son 
of  James  Moore,  esq.,  M.D.  surgeon  to  . 
the  2d   Life  Guards,  and  an  author  of:| 
some  celebrity,  by  Miss  Simpson,  daugb* 
ter  of  Professor  Sitopson,  of  Glasgoir  j 


I 


ai9 


0am»A9,Y.t7rJdm'  Sir  Graham  HiMrt,  O.C^. 


CMph1>. 


univeriity,  and  a  brother  of  the  gaUant 
Lieut.- General  Sir  John  Moore,  who 
fell  at  the  battle  of  Corunna,  Jan.  16, 
1809.  He  entered  the  naval  service  at 
an  early  age ;  was  a  Lieutenant  in  1790 ; 
and  at  the  commencement  of  the  war 
with  the  French  republic  commanded 
the  Booetta  sloop,  at  Newfoundland, 
from  whence  he  proceeded  to  the  West 
Indies.  His  promotion  to  the  rank  of 
Poat- Captain  took  pface  April  2,  1791, 
and  in  that  year  be  commanded  the 
Syren,  of  92  guns,  in  the  North  Sea. 

On  the  9th  May,  1795,  Captain  Mooif 
iMisted  at  the  capture  of  ten  vessels  Uden 
with  ship  timber  and  naval  stores,  escorted 
by  an  anued  brig  and  a  luner ;  this  convoy 
had  sought  protection  under  a  battery,  th« 
fire  of  which  was  soon  silenced  by  the 
British,  but  not  before  the  Syren  had 
had  2  men  killed  and  2  wounded. 

Cuptain  Moore*s  next  appointment  was 
to  the  Melampus,  of  42  guns  and  267 
men,  stationed  off  the  French  coast.  On 
the  13th  Nov.,  1796,  he  drove  on  shore 
and  destroyed,  at  the  entrance  of  Barfleur 
harbour,  TEtonnant  corvette,  of  16  guns, 
and  the  same  day,  in  company  with  the 
Childers  sloop,  captured  rEtna,  after- 
terwards  the  Cormorant,  of  20  guns. 
Early  in  the  following  year,  the  Melam- 
pus iormed  part  of  the  squadron  sent  to 
escort  the  rrincess  of  Wirtembeig  from 
Hmrwich  to  Cuxhaven. 

On  the  23d  Jan.,  1798,  Capt.  Moore, 
being  on  a  cruize  to  the  westward,  feU  in 
with,  and,  aiter  a  short  but  close  action 
captured,  la  Volage,  French  corvette  of 
22  guns.  Shortly  after,  on  the  dav  suc- 
ceeding the  artiun  between  Sir  John  B. 
Warren  and  M.  Bompart,  off  the  coast  of 
Ireland,  in  which  the  Melampus  had  but 
one  man  wounded,  Captain  Moore  was 
ordered  by  the  Commodore  to  proceed  (o 
St.  John*s  Bay  in  search  of  a  French 
frigate  which  had  been  seen  standing  in 
there  on  the  preceding  night.  At  lOh. 
30m.  p.if.,  he  discovered  two  sail,  and 
alUr  an  hour's  chase  closed  with  the 
neareHt,  which  sustained  the  Melampua* 
fire  for  20  minutes,  without  offering  the 
least  resistance,  and  then  surrendered. 
She  proved  to  be  La  Kesolue,  of  40  guns 
and  500  men  (including  troops  embarked 
on  board  her  for  the  purpose  of  joining 
the  rebels  in  IreUnd),  10  of  whom  were 
killed  and  several  wounded.  Her  com- 
paoion,  the  Immortality,  of  42  guns,  waa 
afterwards  taken  by  the  Fisguard.  On 
the  15th  April,  1799,  Captain  Moore 
captured  Le  Papillon,  French  privateer, 
a  fine  vessel  oF  14  guns  and  150  men.  In 
the  succeeding  vear  the  Melampus  was 
ordered  to  the  West  Indies,  where  she 


coBtinufd  daring  the  ramaii.te  of  thf 
war. 

Soon  after  the  renewal  o'  hoatilitief 
attiBst  France,  ia  1803,  Ca|.  ub  Moora 
obtained  the  cominand  of  tl  e  Indefitfa* 
sable,  of  46  guns,  in  which  >liip  he  waa 
foraome  time  employed  on  C:Uaniiel  acr* 
vice.  In  Oct.  1804,  having  htm  de- 
tached irom  the  Channel  fleet  to  cniiie 
for  the  treuure-ahips  then  expected  from 
South  America,  when  off  Cape  St.  Maiy, 
in  company  with  the  Meduaa,  Amphioa, 
and  lively  frigatea,  they  diacovarea  four 
sail,  which  formed  the  liae-of-battU 
$hciid  on  the  approach  of  the  Bciciah 
Muadron,  and  continued  to  ateer  for 
Suiis,  the  van  ahip  carrying  a  broad 
pendant,  and  the  ona  next  her  a  Bear- 
Admiral's  flag.  A  close  eB|fgement 
ensued,  when  in  leaa  than  ten  muutea  La 
Mercedes,  the  Spaniah  Admiial's  second 
aatern,  blew  up  alongside  the  Amphioa. 
la  half  an  hour  more  two  othera  atruck: 
and  the  fourth,  having  in  vain  attempted 
to  escape,  was  captured  before  aunset. 
The  lading  of  the  firixes  was  of  immense 
value  in  sold  and  silver  bullion,  and  riiA 
merchandixe,  destined  for  the  service  of 
Fiance. 

Captain  Moore  was  next  employed  aa 
commander  of  a  squadron  aent  to  escort 
the  royal  family  ot  Portugal  from  Liaboa 
to  Bnxil;  on  which  occasion  ha  waa 
directed  by  Sir  W.  Sidney  Smith,  under 
whose  command  he  had  been  for  aomc 
time  serving  off  the  Tagua,  to  hoist  a 
broad  pendant  after  paaaing  Madeira,  ia 
order  to  give  him  greater  weight  and  con. 
sequence  in  performance  of  the  imnortant 
ana  unusually  delicate  dutiea  connded  to 
him.  The  British  squadron,  conaiatiqg 
of  the  Marlborough  li,  (to  which  ship 
Gpptain  Moore  had  been  appointed  ia 
the  preceding  summer,)  London  96,  ^pd 
Monarch  and  Bedford  74's,  with  8 
Portuguese  ships  of  the  line,  four  frigatesu 
two  brigs,  and  a  schooner,  accompaniea 
by  a  large  fleet  of  merchant  veaselay 
reached  nio  Janeiro  in  safety  on  the  7th 
March,  1806,  after  a  passage  of  14  weeks. 
Previous  to  his  return  from  thence  he 
was  invested  bv  the  Prince  Regent  of 
Portugal  with  the  insignia  of  the  order  of 
the  Tower  and  Sword,  revived  by  H.R.H. 
immediately  on  his  arrival  at  Braxil,  to 
cdebrate  his  departure  from  Lisbon. 

In  the  autumn  of  1809  the  MarlbonNU[h 
formed  part  of  the  force  employed  unto 
Sir  Richard  Strachan  at  Flushing;  and  at 
the  dose  of  the  same  year,  when  it  waa 
deemed  necessary  to  evacuate  the  isbpd 
of  Walcheren,  Capt.  Moore  waa  charged 
with  the  destruction  of  the  basin,  arae^i 
and  aea  defeooes  of  th»t  plfce. 


He  fu^eqofiitlf  ttnred  as  Cvptnin  of 
tbe  Cbinnel  >leet,  under  Viscount  Keith. 

On  tlie  lit  Au^.  fSM,  he  obtait>ed  the 
eotnmond  of  cbe  Hojal  Sovcreigti  yacht, 
which  hftd  become  vacant  tiy  the  general 
promotion  that  took  place  it  tbtt  period  j 
and  in  Jan.  1812^  wat  appointed  to  the 
Chatham r  a  new  74,  in  which  shfp  he 
continued  dll  Aog»  1 9th  followinfr  when 
be  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Rear- 
Admiral,  and  soon  after  bois^ted  his  ^«% 
a«  Commander  in. Chief  in  the  Baltic. 

Sir  Graham  Moore  was  nominated  a 
K.C.B.  Jan.  2f  1BI5;  in  the  spring  of 
1816  he  iucceeded  Lord  Henry  PauleC 
at  the  Board  of  Admiralty,  where  he  re- 
imtined  till  the  demise  of  Sir  Tkomas  F. 
Fremnntle,  and  tben  retigned  his  seat  for 
Ibe  purpose  of  assuming  the  command  in 
the  Mediterranean,  for  which  station  he 
sailed  in  the  Rochcfort,  of  8()  guns,  on 
the  llth  Auf,  18^1  afKl  was  in  I  he  same 
year  made  a  Grand  Gross  of  the  Ionian 
order  of  St.  Michael  and  St.  George. 
Hi«  promotion  to  the  rank  of  Vice. 
Admiml  took   place    Aug.    19th  in  the 

f  receding  year,  and  to  that  of  Admiral  in 
837.  In  1936  he  waa  advanced  to  the 
grade  of  a  Grand  Croia  of  the  fiath.  He 
was  appointed  to  the  cbief  command  at 
Plymouth  in  )83d.  and  held  it  until  last 
year,  when  be  left  the  ttation  in  a  very 
delicate  fitate  of  health. 

Sir  Graham  Moore  married,  March  9, 
\%\%  Dora,  dmifrhter  of  the  late  Tbomii 
Eden,  o\  Wimhiedon,  e*q.  and  niece  of 
William  6rAt  Lord  Auckland.  He  hat 
left  an  only  eon«  Commander  John 
Hoore,  late  Lieutenant  of  the  Atgle,  who 
waa  promoted  to  h\%  present  rank  a  few 
d*y«  before  bivi  gallant  fathers  death. 


Vfcfi.  An.  Sm  R.  L,  Frr7oejiALJ>,  K.CH. 
j0n.   17.     At   Bath,  ag«d  68,   Vice* 
Admiral  Sir  Robcn  Lewis    FittteraM, 
K.C.H. 

Thin  officer  wasdescended  from  a  voungcr 
branch  of  the  very  ancient  ana  noble 
house  of  Lein^tcr,  ieated  at  Mount 
Opbaly,  CO.  Kildare,  and  iiettTfy  related 
to  the  Earl  of  Kingston. 

He  entered  the  Royal  Xavy  in  March 
1786,  as  a  midshipman,  on  board  tb€ 
Wtnchelfiea  frigate,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Pellew  (afterward*  Vifcount  Exmouth), 
with  whom  he  ferved  <m  the  Newfound- 
laiid  station  tor  a  period  of  three  years. 
He  afterwards  joined  the  Centiirion,  oQ, 
btttrine  the  flag  of  Rear.Adm.  Pbilip 
SMfitm.  at  Jamaica ;  and,  during  the 
w««t  India  cvmpai||n  in  I7&I,  servfd 
wMer  &tr  John  Jervis,  in  the  Boyne,  ot 
9d  gvna,  from  which  be  was  promoted  to 
fb«  fink  of  Lieutenant,  in  the  Avenger 
•too^  of  war*    Soon  after  hia  ftfum  ^ 


England,   Lieut,  Fitt^'ernld  obtained  an 
appointment  to  the    London*  a  second 
rate,   carrying   the  flag    of    Rear-Adm, 
Colpoys,  and  in   her   he  atsisted  at  the 
capture  of    three    French   line- of  ^battle 
ships  of  rOrient,  June  23,    1795.     HiiJ 
advancement  to  the  rank  of  Commanded] 
took   place   in    Feb.    1797.     He  tubseAj 
qtiently  commanded  the  Vesuvius  Uomb^l 
and  in   that  vessel  assisted  at  the  boTO4  1 
bard m en t  of   Havre  by  a  squadron  undet  j 
Sir   Richard  J.  Stracban,  and  at  the  dei 
struction  of  is  Confiante,  of  36  guns,  arWl  j 
a   French   national  cutter,  in  May  1790^1 
He  returned  to   England  from  theMeij 
diterranean  in  the  Tonnant,  a  French  80 1 
gun  ship,  taken  at  the  battle  of  the  Nilei] 
His  post  commisvion  bc^re  date  Dec.  24|| 
1 796.     During  the  latter  fiart  of  that  wii  J 
he  commanded  the   Triton  of  88  gum,  i 
which  ship  he  captured  a  French  ves« 
from    Guadaloupe,  laden   with    colonial  | 
produce.     The   Triton  was  paid  offal] 
Plymouth,  April  9,  I8C«. 

Soon  after  the  renewil  of  hottilitieMJ 
Capt.  Fitigerald,  whose  health  woul4| 
not  allow  him  to  serve  afloat,  was  ap^f 
pointed  senior  officer  of  the  Sea  FeiKJ 
dblea  in  the  fsleof  VVigbt^mnd  previoii«l] 
to  the  disAotution  of  that  corps  he  heli 
the  chief  command  of  the  district  between] 
Kidivelty  and  Cardigan. 

In  July  Ifilti  he  wai  elected  Govemofl 
of  the  Roynl  Naval  Asylum  ;  hut,  thjj 
power  of  ttomination  being  afterwards  ] 
oontidered  not  to  rett  wtth  the  Cornel 
miftiioners,  the  appointment  did  not  tnk#| 
place.  He  became  a  retired  Rrar#1 
Admiral  in  1885,  and  in  J 840  was  recalled! 
to  active  rank,  and  made  a  Vice-Admirdfl 
of  the  Blue.  He  waw  created  K.G^H^I 
in  1B3S. 

Vioe.Adin.  Fitzgerald  married  in  Ao^l 
1800,  Jane,  a  daughter  of  Richard  Welc 
e«q.  formerly  Chief  Jiiatice  of  tbe  islan 
of  Jamaica,  and  sister  to  the  lady  of  djfl 
George  Thomaa,  Ikrt  bf  whom  be  badj 
five  sons  and  four  daughtcri,  besidet  tif 
other  rbildr«n»  who  died  young.  MM 
only  brother,  an  officer  in  the  3d  regimenlrl 
of  Guards,  atde>de-camp  and  equerry  tA\ 
H.R.H.  the  Duke  of  York,  died  in  18'^ 

Lt.-Gik.  Si*  W.  JoHi«STO)f,  K.G.B, 
Jon,  2^.     At  Southampton,  in  bia  79 
year,  Lieut. -General  Sir  Willinm  JohiMl 
ston,  K  C.B.  Colonel  of  tb«  68(h  Re^  ' 
ment. 

Sir  William  entered  tbe  army  at  En 
«ign  In  tbe  l»th  Foot,  on  the  3rd  o»  Jun 
179^1  ;  served  at  Gibraltar  ttntil  Oct: 
1703,  when  he  embark*'d  for  Toulon,  nnd 
wae  preaeitC  at  the  action  of  the  hefghfi 
wbeji  General  0*Hara  was  made  prisoner. 
Ho  iobat^iiently  •tnrtd  ti%  Corsica,  And 


320    LieuL^Oeiu  Sir  Hudson  Lawe.-^Sir  F.  W.  Maenaghten.    [March, 


WM  pretent  at  the  capture  of  Bastia  and 
Calvi,  in  which  affair  he  was  wounded. 
He  became  Lieut,  on  the  7th  of  Jan. 
179i,  and  Captain  in  Smithes  Corsican 
icgiment  on  the  4th  of  April  of  the  fol- 
lowing year.  He  accompanied  the  expe- 
dition to  Tuscany  in  1797,  thence  re- 
turned to  England,  and  was  placed  on 
half  pay  in  1 796.  He  served  in  Ireland 
during  the  Rebellion  with  the  Yeomanry 
corps.  He  was  promoted  to  a  Majority 
in  the  68th  Foot  on  the  27th  Feb.  1800, 
and  served  in  the  expedition  against  the 
Banish  and  West  India  Islands  in  1801. 
He  attained  the  rank  of  Lieut.-Colonel  on 
the  25th  of  April,  1808,  and  Lieut.- 
Colonel  in  the  68th,  July  13,  1809.  He 
commanded  that  regiment  at  the  siege  of 
Flushing,  and  afterwards  in  the  Peninsula. 
He  received  a  medal  and  two  clasps  for 
Salamanca,  Vittoria,  and  Orthes ;  in  the 
battle  of  Vittoria  he  was  severely  wounded. 
Sir  William  was  made  full  Colonel  on  the 
4th  of  June,  1814;  Major- General  on  the 
27th  of  May,  1825  ;  and  Lieut.- General 
on  the  28th  of  June,  1838.  Sir  William 
was  made  a  K.C.B.  in  1837,  and  was  ap- 
pointed Colonel  of  the  68th  on  the  6th  of 
April,  1838. 


Libut.-Gbk.  Sir  Hudson  Lowe. 

Jan,  10.  Of  paralysis,  Lieut.- General 
Sir  Hudson  Lowe,  K.C.B.and  G.C.M.6., 
Colonel  of  the  50th  Foot. 

Sir  Hudson  Lowe  was  an  Ensign  in 
the  East  Devon  Militia,  and  served  as  a 
Tolunteer  with  the  50th  Regiment  in 
1786  and  1786;  nearly  sixty  years  a^o. 
In  Sept.  1787>  he  was  appointed  Ensign 
io  that  regiment,  and  Lieut,  in  Nov. 
1791.  He  served  at  Gibraltar  six  years, 
and  subsequently  at  Toulon  and  in  Cor- 
siea.  He  was  present  at  the  attack  of 
tbo  Martello  towers,  the  storming  of 
Convention  Redoubt,  and  the  siege  of 
Btstia  and  Calvi. 

Whilst  holding  the  ranks  of  Lieutenant 
and  Captain  he  had  in  succession  the 
following  situations: — Regimental  Pay- 
master, Assistant  Paymaster- General, 
Deputy  Judge  Advocate,  and  Assistant 
Inspector  of  Foreign  Corps.  He  next 
served  in  Portugal  two  years,  and  at 
Minorca  one.  He  had  then  the  command 
of  a  corps  of  Corsicans.  He  served  in 
the  expedition  to  Egypt,  and  was  in  the 
reserve  under  Major.  General  Moore. 
He  was  present  in  the  principal  occur- 
rences of  that  campaign,  and  subsequently 
appointed  Secretary  of  a  Board  at  Malta 
for  the  adjustment  of  claims  ;  he  received 
a  majority  in  the  Corsican  Rangers,  was 
ante-dated  the  5th  of  July,  1800,  and,  in 
1802,  was  reduced  to  half-pay. 

In  April,  1803,  ho  received  a  majority 
12 


in  the  7th  Foot,  and  was  appointed  per* 
manent  Assistant  Quartermaster. General 
in  the  Western  district.  He  was  after- 
wards sent,  at  the  desire  of  Lord  Hobart, 
on  a  secret  expedition  to  Portugal,  and 
subsequently  on  a  similar  mission  to  Sar- 
dinia. He  raised  and  completed  the  corps 
of  Royal  Corsican  Rangers,  of  which  he 
was  appointed  Lieut.-Colonel  Command- 
ant, in  June,  1804.  He  served  in  Naples 
under  Sir  Jumes  Craig,  and  afterwards  in 
Sicily;  he  was  detached  with  five  com- 
panies to  Capri,  and  was  stationed  there 
two  years  and  a  half.  The  French  at- 
tacked this  post  with  3,000  men,  and  after 
a  resistance  of  ten  days,  the  walls  being 
breached,  the  guns  dismounted,  and  amu- 
nition  expended,  Lieut.-Colonel  Lowe 
evacuated  it,  by  a  convention,  which  gave 
the  right  of  free  departure  with  anna  and 
baggage. 

In  the  expedition  to  the  Bay  of  Naples, 
under  Sir  John  Stuart,  Lieutenant- Colo- 
nel Lowe  commanded  the  first  line  of  the 
advance ;  he  was  present  at  the  attack  and 
capitulation  of  Ischia.  In  the  expedition 
to  the  Greek  Islands  he  was  selected  to 
act  as  second  in  command  to  Col.  Os- 
wald :  he  was  at  the  attack  and  capitula- 
tion of  Zante  and  Cephalonia,  and,  sub- 
sequently, appointed  Commandant  and 
Chief  of  the  Provisional  Government  of 
the  latter  island. 

He  was  Quartermaster-general  to  the 
British  army  in  Flanders.  In  January, 
1818,  be  received  the  rank  of  Colonel, 
and  the  Colonelcv  of  the  Royal  Corsican 
Rangers:  the  4tb  of  June,  1814,  that  of 
Major. General.  In  1814  the  honour  of 
knighthood  was  conferred  upon  him,  and 
in  1815  he  was  appointed  to  have  the 
custody  of  the  Emperor  Nepoleon  at  St. 
Helena,  in  which  charge  he  continued 
until  the  Emperor*s  death.  This  is  the 
event  in  his  life  which  may  secure  him 
immortality.    By  the  French  be  will  be 

Damn*d  to  everlasting  fame ; 
but  it  has  never  yet  been  proved  that  he 
exceeded  his  orders  or  overstepped  his 
duty.  His  great  crime  was  that  his  vigi- 
lancy  and  fidelity  prevented  Napoleon's 
escape. 

He  was  appointed  Lieutenant- General 
in  July,  1830,  and  obtained  the  colonelcy 
of  the  50th  Foot,  Nov.  17,  1842. 

Sia  F.  W.  Macnaohten. 

Nov,  22.  At  Bushmilis-house,  co. 
Antrim,  in  his  82d  year,  Sir  Frands 
Workman  Macnsghten,  Knt.  and  Bart., 
formeriy  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  India. 

He  was  the  second  son  of  Edmond 
Macnaghten,  esq.  of  BeardiTiUe,  co.  An- 


18140 


OiiiTUAiiT. — General  Bertrand* 


321 


trim,  by  felt  f^cond  wlf^^  die  daogbtCf  of 
John  i^lhnston^,  esq,  of  Belfast. 

Sif  Fmiici"*  Mi«cn»fjhteR*s  father  wii%  fit 
tbe  fipge  of  Derry.  It  fcerni  Mninge  to 
Mate  titis  of  one  upon  whom  the  gmve 
bus  hardlf  do*ed^  but  such  vvd«  the  fiipt. 
Sir  Friif>cis's  fiith^T  (then,  pt-rtiiinly, 
**  itothinjf  biit  a  boy/*  tboiigb  n  brave 
one,)  ted  hu  tenttiitA  into  the  towfi  of 
Prote^tBTJt  IVrry,  nnd  truly  did  hi*  duty. 
It  is  also  remarkfitjle  that  he  connniied  a 
bftcbelor  until  he  reached  the  eighty- 
second  year  of  his  a|;e — ^an  iige  vrhen 
|ieopfe  are  apt  to  faney  that  the  faculties 
slumber.  And  iO  the  y{>\mg  relatives  of 
the  old  gentlcnmn  thought,  and  did  not 
wb»«per  stifficicntly  low  when  they  «poke 
of  Wfhat  they  would  do  with  hi»  property 
when  he  wai  gone.  Tbii  made  him  re- 
•otve  to  merry.  The  frtiits  of  hifi  ratr- 
rjage  were  two  tons,  both  of  whom  b« 
IJred  to  lee  of  age. 

Sir  Frsncffl  was  afipointed  a  Judge  of 
the  Supretne  f  lourt  Mt  Madras  in  J809, 
tnd  thereupon  knighted.  He  was  re« 
moved  to  Calcutta  in  1815,  and  retired 
tiom  the  bench  in  18^5.  He  waf  CTe<»ted 
iJ  Baronet  tn  1826.  He  hud  assumed  th« 
» iditional  name  of  Workman  fn  1809. 

Few  men  hud  ever  an  opportunity  of 
becoming  to  welt  ncquuinred  with  the 
eomplicated  a^airs  ot  the  vant  and  per- 
plesing  empire  where  he  ma  long  lemded 
ftf  Sir  Francii  Macnughten ;  and  {t\\\  in 
deed, are  po§sea5ed  of  his  clear,  perrepiive, 
and  investigHting  mmd.  Not  nil  the  lap- 
ping in  Etf9terri  luxury  hnd  abated  his 
activity;  and,  on  returning  to  his  native 
country,  he  pitched  his  t*'nt  where  his 
dwelling  overlooked  the  Gi*ni'fl  Cause- 
way, exercising  a  princely  hospitality, 
and  delighting  to  drive  hi«  ponies  along 
tbe  wild  lea  «hore,  pointing  out  it«  mag- 
nifieefiee  to  his  guest§,  and  ble^fted  by 
many  whom  he  met,  and  who  were  de^ 
penaent  on  bis  bounty.  He  patrontaed 
•cieiwe,  and  mu*t  have  left  behind  him 
•ome  raann«criptj  both  eunoua  and  ?olii. 
able. 

Sir  Francii  Mae  n  ugh  ten  WM  in  every 
eenae  of  the  word  a  remark  able  man  \ 
retaining  bis  faculties  clear  and  unclouded 
at  tbe  late  period  to  which  hi*  life  waf 
prolonged,  endefinng  and  endeared  to  his 
large  tamrly,  a  devoted  husband,  an  aiTec- 
tiofiite  father,  and  a  iincere  friend.  The 
tragic  end  of  hi«  son  Sir  WiUiam,  of 
wboce  utoni^bing  acquirement*'  ^nd  ele- 
fltud  rank  Sir  Francin  was  not  a  liti)'* 
prtHld,  »o  Ktruck  the  venerable  man,  that, 
though  he  lingered  and  rnllied,  the  weigbt 
of  the  affliction  pressed  him  to  hit  grave. 
Previonsly  to  that  occurrence,  Sir  Francis 
promised  to  lire  aa  long  as  bit  father  bad 
d«nie«     He  wna  up  and   out  at  etrly  as 

GiNT.  Mao,  Vol.  XXL 


eeven  in  the  morning,  the  fir»t  at  break- 
fast, blending  tale  and  anecdote,  legend 
and  information,  together,  with  an  urbn- 
nity  and  cheerfufne!i*  which  could  not  be 
surp.ifsed  by  the  beautiful  and  higbly-edif* 
CQted  family  (turrounding  bi«  table. 

He  murnVd  in  1787  the  clde«t  daugbflj' 
of    Sir  Willia«i    Diinkin^    of    Clofhe' 
Ju'fge  of  the  Supreme  Conrt  i-  f     '•'*:! 
The  present  Baronet,  Sir  Edtr-  «  j 

M'Nagliten,  was  born  ifi  the  ; 
and  wa«  some  time  a  Adasief  in  Chimcerjf 
in  the  Supreme  Gonft  at  Calentta :  he 
married  in  18^  Mnry^  only  child  ot  John 
Gwaikin,  esq.  and  has  is«ue.  The  hile 
Sir  William  Hay  Macnugbttn,  asAiisui^ 
iinted  inCabul,  wa«  the  second  son  of  tb^ 
deeeaied, 

QCNBAAr.  BsRTftAKD. 

Jon.  31,  At  C'hateaurotix,  hid  nattvt 
town,  General  Bert  rand,  the  faithful 
friend  of  the  Emperor,  the  companion  of 
his  labours  and  ot  hr^  long  exile. 

**  When  serving  as  a  national  guard  ( 
the  1 0th  of  AugnVf,  1793,  Bertrarid  place . 
bim»elt  in  a  bntnliun  which  w*ii«  proceedljj 
i»tg  vctlontarily  to  the  TuUeries  to  defen#^ 
the  King.     Hes^^rvedsubseqnently  in  thi 
corpft  ot   engineers,  and    passed   r»pid 
through  the  grade*  ;  was  in  the  expedid 
tiofi  to  Egypt,  where  be  fortified  seve 
places,   merited   the  confidence    of    Ih 
fie neral -in -chief,  Bonaparte,  and  receive 
almost  at  the  same  time  the  commission 
of   Lieutenant-colonel    and    General   < 
brigade.     After  the  battle  of  Au*terlit«^l 
in  which  General  Bertrand  covered  him^l 
self  with  gtory,    Napoleon  admitted   hitip| 
nsnong-^t  the  numherof  his  aides-de-camp. 
He  equally  distinguished  himself  at  Spun* 
dau,  at  Fnedland,  and  piinei pally  in  tht  J 
coniitrtiction  of  the  bridgea  over  the  Daifl 
nube,  which    were  destined  to  facilitate  I 
the  passage  of  the  French  army  to   Wa»  f 
gram.     T' '-  -  -«« 'tign  nnd  that  of  Rusaii  I 
disptaypi  and  bravery  in  sncbl 

a  lighf,  M  rmeror  appointed  hiftf  j 

Grand  Marshal  of  the  Pabice  after 
death  of  Marshal  Doroc.  His  sue 
were  the  same  at  Lutxen,  Bautaen,  an 
LeipsTC;  and,  if  he  experienced  ^omtfj 
checks  at  the  passage  of  the  Elbe  ag?iin« 
Biueher,  we  must  ascribe  them  tj  tbil 
fortune  of  our  armies,  which  waa  begin*  I 
ing  to  totter.  It  was  Bertr^ind,  however^ J 
who  covered  our  retreat  after  the  sanguUl 
naiy  battle  of  Hannatu  Iri  these  twd"! 
oircumstanees,  ond  those  which  followed! 
the  depitrture  of  the  Kmpcror  Irom  Parji^j 
Connt  Bertrand  thought  only  of  savin 
the  remnant  of  our  army»  and  almo 
always  saw  his  efforta  and  arrangeroentii 
crowned  with  all  the  success  which  it  watt! 
potaible  to  hope  for  in  tbe  midst  of  luell 


d22         Joneph  Cowni  Mazzinghu — Rev.  George  Stephenson.      [Mlurcli, 

burnt,  be  wrote  from  oiemorj  in  an  in- 
credibly short  space  of  time  new  orches- 
tral parte,  which  gained  him  great  credit. 
Ue  composed  several  successful  operaa 
for  Covent  Garden  and  Drury  Lane,  the 
Blind  Girl,  the  Exile,  Chains  of  the 
Heart,  Ramah  Droog,  Free  KnighU, 
Paul  and  Virginia,  the  Turnpike  Gate, 
&c.  in  which  he  was  assisted  by  the  late 
W.  Reeve,  esq.  Many  of  lus  songa, 
&c.  obtained  an  extraordinary  popula- 
rity, and  please  at  the  present  day.  Hia 
adaptations  of  pieces  from  Sir  Walter 
Scott's  poetry  elicited  from  the  author  a 
letter  ot  thanks  couched  in  very  compli- 
mentary terms. 

Few  composers  have  enjoyed  a  longer 
or  more   general  popularity.    He  eom- 

EMed  with  an  extraordinary  fadlitr.  A 
vourite  author  of  King  George  III.  and 
his  immediate  successor,  (tne  former 
monarch  went  twice  in  one  week  to  wit- 
ness the  performance  of  his  opera  **  The 
Chains  of  the  Heart,*')  be  was  entrusted 
by  George  IV.  with  toe  superintendence 
ot  the  concerte  at  Carlton  House  and  the 
Pavilion, — a  welcome  visitor  at  the  town 


ditastrous  events.  On  his  return  to  Paris 
in  1814,  General  Bertrand  was  appointed 
Aide- Major- General  of  the  National 
Guard,  performed  that  campaign  of 
France  so  astonishing  by  its  successes  and 
reverses,  and  followed  Napoleon  to  the 
ialand  of  £lba.  On  his  return  with  the 
£mperor,  on  the  20th  March,  he  served 
bim  with  his  accustomed  devotedness. 
After  the  fatal  sffairof  Waterioo  he  never 
quitted  Napoleon.  He  followed  him  to 
flia  last  exile,  partook  of  and  softened  bis 
misfortunes,  and  thought  only  of  return- 
ing to  France  when  he  had  received  hia 
last  breath. 

**  It  was  with  joy  that  General  Ber- 
trand saw  the  revolution  of  Jul;^,  and  the 
triumph  of  the  national  colours  illustrated 
by  so  many  victories.  It  was  with  pro- 
found emotion  that,  ten  years  later,  he 
saluted  the  ashes  of  the  Emperor,  which 
bad  been  brought  across  the  ocean  by  the 
Prince  de  Joinville,  and  saw  France 
award  to  this  great  shade  brilliant  and 
unanimous  homage.  The  name  of  Ge- 
neral  Bertrand  was  associated  in  this 
homage  with  that  of  the  Emperor,  as  the 
finest  model  of  honour  and  fidelity.  It 
will  remain  united  with  it  to  all  posterity. 
History  has  rarely  recorded  a  devotedness 
so  pious,  a  fidelity  so  firm,  so  pure  and 
noble  a  memory.  It  is  comparatively  little 
to  become  illustrious  by  one's  own  labours, 
and  to  have  served  France  truly.  General 
Bertrand,  by  his  worship  of  genius  and 
misfortune,  bas  raised  himself  to  the  same 
height  in  which  hovers  the  glory  of  Na- 
poleon. This  glory  will  shield  him  from 
oblivion  .♦ '— ( A/eMo^er.) 

Joseph  Count  Mazzinghi. 

Jan,  15.  At  Downside  College,  near 
Bath,  in  his  80th  year,  Joseph  Count 
Mazzinghi. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Tommaso 
Mazzinghi,  a  native  of  Italy,  and  member 
of  a  numerous  family,  lineally  descended 
from  one  of  the  most  ancient  houses  in 
Tuscany,  which  at  different  periods  of  her 
history  had  furnished  Florence  with  con- 
suls, gonfaloniers,  and  senators,  and  the 
knightly  orders  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem 
and  St.  Stephen  of  Tuscany,  with  several 
distinguished  members. 

His  musical  ability  very  soon  displayed 
itself,  and  is  said  to  have  been  first  no- 
ticed in  eariy  childhood  by  bis  aunt,  the 
wife  of  a  gentleman  of  the  name  of 
Wynne.  His  talents  were  cultivated  to 
such  purpose  that  at  the  early  age  of 
nineteen  he  was  regarded  as  qualified  to 
bold  the  important  office  of  director  at  the 
Opera  House.  When  the  building  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  in  1789,  and  all  the  music 
of   Paesiello's  opera,    *<  La  Jjocanda," 


and  country  residences  of  the  highest 
nobility,  (the  late  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire, Lord  Cholmondely,  Earl  of  Lei- 
cester, &c.  &c.)~his  productions  popular 
with  all  classes, — nothing  was  wanting  to 
render  his  career  eminently  successful. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Musicians  for  fifty- seven  years,  and  was 
highly  respected  by  bis  professional 
brethren.  The  general  characteristic  of 
bis  compositions  is  the  pleasing  flow  and 
popular  nature  of  his  melodies.  In  many 
respects  his  habits  were  eccentric.  An 
eye-witness,  he  had  seen  a  great  deal  of 
the  more  imposing  and  splendid  features 
of  wealth  and  fashion,  and  was,  perhaps 
for  that  ver^  reason,  himself  a  man  of 
plain  and  straightforward  habits. 

He  was  bom  25th  Dec.  1 765,  was  twice 
married,  and  has  left  a  son  and  a  daughter 
surviving  him ;  the  latter  married  to 
Baron  French,  a  Florentine  banker.  He 
was  interred  in  the  Catholic  Chapel  at 
Chelsea  on  the  85tb  Jan.  upon  which  oc- 
casion was  performed  Mozart's  cele- 
brated requiem.  His  remains  had  been 
attended  in  solemn  procession  on  the  pre- 
vious evening  from  bis  residence  in 
Cadogan  Place,  with  all  the  impoaing  ce- 
remonies of  the  Church  of  Rome,  (torches 
lighted,  priest  in  his  pontifical  robes,  &c.) 
a  sight,  it  is  believed,  rarely  witnessed  in 
this  country  in  the  public  thorougbfrrea 
since  the  epoch  of  the  Reformation. 

Rev.  GEoacB  Stephenson,  M.A. 
Jan.  27.    At  the   Parsonage   House, 
Bisbopwearmouth,  the  Rev.  George  Ste- 


18440 


Obituahv.— iitfu,  George  Siephemon, 


32i 


Shetisoii,  M,A.  Hector  of  HedmarsbBll, 
rst  Incumbent  of  St*  Tbom&s^  CUurcb, 
Bisbopvvearmoutli,  and  one  of  tbe  olcit'Bt 
inagiscrateA  for  tbe  coynty  of  Durham. 

He  was  the  son  of  tbe  Her.  George 
Stephenson,  Vicar  of  Ijong  Benton^  in 
Nonhumberknd,  and  Ciimte  of  All 
S&inUV  Nevvcaj*Lie-upoti-Tync;  was  born 
in  that  town  on  tbe  Kith  April,  1759, 
placed  in  early  Ufe  at  the  Oram  mar 
School  there,  matriculated  on  tbe  2(Hh 
March,  1776,  a!»  a  Commoner  of  Lincoln 
college^  Oxford^  vvrs  subsequently  chosen 
exhibitioner  of  that  college  on  Lord 
Crewe's  foundation,  and  on  the  25th  July, 
1783,  elected  Fellow  of  Magdalen  col- 
lege, in  tbe  sunic  university.  He  wa^ 
ordained  to  the  curacy  of  Long  Newton^ 
in  tbe  county  of  Durham,  under  the  Rev* 
Sir  Henry  Vane,  Bart.  LL.D.,  (grand- 
father of  tne  present  Marehioneas  of  Lon- 
donderry/) then  the  rettor  of  that  parish ; 
and  fir^t  commenced  his  ministry  in  Sun- 
[i^Bfl^nd  a£  one  of  the  Curates  of  St.  John's 
'CJbapel;  soon  afterwards  was  appointed 
Curate  of  Bishopwearmoutb  ;  and  on  bis 
marriage,  whereby  he  vacated  bis  Fellow- 
abip,  was  presented  by  the  President  and 
Fellows  of  Magdalen  college  to  tbe  rec- 
tory of  Saltfieetby,  in  Lincolnshire,  which 
he  resigned  many  years  ago.  He  held 
tbe  curacy  of  Bishopwearmoutb  for  a 
period  of  forty-five  years,  during  which 
there  were  four  §ucccssivc  and  distin. 
gtilahed  rectors,  the  Rev.  Henry  Egerton, 
ALA.  f brother  to  Bishop  Egerton,)  tbe 
Venerable  Archdeacon  Paley,  D.D.,  the 
Rev.  Robert  Gray,  D.D.  (afterwards 
Blsbop  of  Bristol,)  and  the  Honourable 
and  Kcv.  Gerald  Valerian  Wellesley, 
D.D,,  the  present  rector,  and  brother  to 
the  illustrious  Duke  of  Wellington,  by 
all  of  whom  he  was  held  in  bigb  esteem. 
He  enjoyed  from  Faley,  at  the  close  of 
the  mortal  career  of  that  celebrated  author, 
tbe  gratifying  mark  of  confidence  of  being 
constituted  by  bis  will  the  editor  aiui  dia- 
tributor  of  his  Paraebial  Sermons,  an 
evidence  of  tbe  estimation  of  that  great 
mail  which  procured  for  bim  tbe  notice 
of  the  revered  Bishop  Barrington,  who, 
ever  ready  to  distribyte  bi;^  patronage 
UDongat  the  deserving  parochial  clergy  of 
his  diocese,  conferred  on  Mr.  Stephetison 
in  1809  tbe  vicumge  of  Kelloe,  and  in 
1814  tbe  more  valuable  rectory  of  Red- 
marshal  L  Bishop  Gray,  during  tbe 
twenty-one  years  be  beld  the  rich  and 
responsible  rectory  of  Bisbopwearmouth, 
■Iso  entertained  a  deep  sense  of  his  per- 
sonal charsctcr  and  public  usefulness, 
which  be  evinced  by  a  devoted  friendfihip 
and  eoiistant  intimacy;  and  on  his  eteva* 
tiofi  to  the  episcopal  bench,  hi  the  beau^ 
tif^l  and  pataetic  discourRe  by  which  he 


took  leave  of  his  parishioners,  that  amiable 
prelate  referred  to  the  deceased,  who  read 
prayers   on    that    occasion,    in    terms  of  i 
ardent    and    honourable    afifection  ;    de* 
signaling  bim,  to  use  bis  own  expressive 
language,  as  *^  that  highly  valued  f ritnd«  | 
who  lb  rough  a  Bucccssion  of  rectors  hai  | 
laboured  in  various  ways  for  your  ad« 
vantage :  who  has  conspired  wirh  mc  ia 
almost  every  de^iign,  and  baa  been  emi- 
nently useful  amongst  you/^     His  »uc» 
cessor,   the  present   rector,  appreciating  j 
tbe  claims  of  his  services  and  cbamcteri  I 
prevented  his  removal  from  the  scene  of  j 
bis  long  labours   by  appointing  bim,  in  [ 
1829,  first  Incumbent  to  the  New  Churck  \ 
(St.  Thomas*),  Bishopwearmoutb,  which 
he  beld  with  tbe  rectory  of  Redmarshall  ] 
to  tbe  time  of  bis  death,  diligently  per* 
forming,  during  tbe  winter  months  at  the  I 
former,  and  during  the  summer  montbi 
at  the  latter  place,  the  duties  oi  bis  sacred 
office,  so  long  as  the  infirmities  of  bis  agej 
would  permit. 

Mr.  Stephenson  was,  during  the  ex« 
ercise  of  his  sacred  functions,  the  autboti 
of  a  Companion  to  the  Altar,  with  an  ad*  | 
dress  to  young  persons  after  contirmi 
tion,  and  an  exhortation  to  persons  lur*l 
ther  advanced  in  years  to  come  to  tbA| 
tacmment  of  the  Lord's  Supper  ;  a  «e 
of  Sermons  on  the  Romish  Church,  witkl 
two  others  on  the  Doctrine  of  tbe  Trinity,  I 
together  with  Sermons  on  various  occa*  j 

Being  at  tbe  time  of  his  death  the  1 
senior  clergyman  of  the  diocese,  cnteringl 
it  upwards  of  sixty  years  ago,  nearly  the  f 
whole  of  which  long  period  he  has  been  | 
one  of  the  officiating  ministers  in  Sunder-  | 
land,  discharging  amidst  that  vast  popu- 
lation an  extent  and  multiplicity  of  pa-  I 
rocbial  duty  that  rarely  falls  to  the  lot  of] 
any  individiul  clergyman,  and  admitting  f 
by  tbe  sacred  rite  of  baptism  within  Cbel 
pale  of  the  Church,  in  tbe  case  of  very] 
many  families^  no  less  than  three  suc«f 
cessivc  generations,  the  lamented  de*| 
ceased  may  be  truly  said  to  have  been  as*  1 
sociated  with  the  earliest  recollections  of  j 
the  oldest  and  youngest  of  its  inhabitants. 
Indeed,  this  lengthened  connection  with  J 
tbe  town  of  Sunderland,  united  with  m\ 
striking  ckrical  appearance,  great  kind- 
ness of  heart,  polished  courtesy  of  man*  J 
ners,  an  ogreeable  freedom  and  liveUneiii 
of  conversation,  and  a  general  araiabihtf  \ 
of  cbaracter,  constituted  him  a  pleasing  | 
trpecimen  of  tbe  parochial  clergy  of  the 
last  century  j  inspiring  feelings  ot  vcoera* 
tion  for  bii  office,  and  respect  for  hie  I 
person*  As  a  preacher,  although  itotj 
distinguished  by  any  powers  of  eloquence,  I 
there  was  an  unpretending  plainness  of  | 
style  and  deUvcry,  a  clearness  in  state* 


3S4 


OaiTDAar.— JoAn  Barm$,  B»q. 


[M-ch, 


OMiit,  a  toiuiinMs  and  strict  ortbodozj 
is  all  hit  dUcourses,  that  suited  them  to 
a  general  eongregation.  As  a  magistrate, 
1m  was  active  and  impartial »  dignified  and 
inteUigent ;  whilst  his  amenity  of  disposi- 
tion tempered  with  mercy  the  severities 
of  justice,  and,  in  deciding  the  multitude 
ol  petty  squabbles  incident  to  a  large  po- 
pulation, contributed  to  subdue  strife  and 
extinguish  animosity. 

He  died  after  a  short  illness  of  lens 
thaD  a  month's  duration,  in  the  happy 
consciousness  that  be  bad  not  a  single 
enemy,  wishing  pesceand  hsppinessto  all 
men,  and  in  the  certain  hope  of  the  glo- 
rious immortality  brought  to  light  by  the 
Ooi^l.  The  death  of  such  a  venerable 
minister  of  religion  could  not  taice  place 
without  exciting  strong  feelings  of  interest 
and  sympathy  m  the  public  mind,  which 
were  manifested  at  his  funeral,   by  the 

rial  closing  of  most  of  the  shops 
Bishopwearmouth  and  Sunderland, 
throughout  the  line  of  the  procession  to 
Sunderland  church,  where  tne  interment 
todL  place  on  Wednesday  the  31st  Jan. 
and  by  the  attendance  of  the  eleigy, 
mayor,  magistrates,  and  the  principal 
infaiabitants,  without  distinction  of  classes 
OP  parties,  who  followed  his  remains  to 
|be  grave. 

Mr.  Stephenson  had  issue,  with  two 
daughters,  a  son,  Oeoi^ge,  a  solicitor,  who 
ia  mceased,  leaving  a  son  now  on  the 
foundation  of  Christ's  Hospital,  London. 


John  Barwis,  Esq. 

Not,  17.  After  a  lingering  illness, 
affed'68,  5ohn  Barwis,  Esq.  of  Langrigg 
Hall,  (^berland. 

Tbfs  "gentleman,  descended  from  an 
ancienl  and  very  respectable  family  in 
Cumberlfintl,  was  u  native  of  Wiltshire, 
and  tbe  only  son  of  Dr.  William  Barwis, 
a  physician,  established  at  Devizes,  by 
Miss  Lawson,  a  Cumberland  lady.  Mr. 
Barwis  was  unhappily  deprived  of  both 
his  parents  at  a  very  early  age,  and  at 
a  period  when  bis  father,  though  eminent 
for  skill  and  ability,  was  still  struggling 
with  the  pecuniHry  diflScuIties  which  too 
often  beset  a  first  estublishment  in  the 
medical  profession.  Tbe  son,  however, 
fortunately  found  a  second  parent  in  his 
unde  the  Rpv.  John  Banvis,  M.A.  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  and  Rector  of 
Kitoo  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  who,  being 
without  children  himself,  and  looking  on 
bis  nephew  as  the  representative  of  the 
family,  not  only  obtained  for  him  an  ex- 
cellent classical  education  at  the  seminary 
in  Soho  Sauare,  then  conducted  with 
ffreat  celebrity  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barrow, 
but  sent  him  to  Queen's  College,  Ox- 


ford, where  he  waa  admitted  a  scholar  om 
Michel's  foundation  in  May  1703. 

Mr.  Barwia  passed  through  hie  aca- 
demical course  with  eredit,  securing  tke 
approbation  of  his  seniors,  and  the  af- 
fectionate attachment  of  his  contempo- 
raries— an  attachment  which  he  retained 
unabated  through  life.  Above  all,  he 
was  distinguished  for  highly  honourable 
sentiments,  a  firm  and  xeflooa  frieiidahip, 
and  an  unflinching  integrity. 

He  took  hU  B.A.  degree,  Feb.  tt^ 
1797,  and  that  of  M.A.  March  U,  1800, 
and,  having  chosen  the  profession  of  the 
Law,  entered  at  Gray's  Inn,  Mav  10, 
1707,  whence  he  removed  to  the  Middle 
Temple,  Dec.  1800.  Being  calle^to  the 
bar,  Nov.  83,  1804,  he  practised  in  the 
common  law  courts,  and  went  the 
Weftern  Circuit  until  the  Spring  of  18 IS. 

At  this  time  he  waa  appointed  by 
Walter  fir«t  Marouess  of  Ormonde,  agent 
of  his  estates  in  Ireland,  which  office  for 
a  period  of  twenty-two  years  be  executed 
with  a  firmness  tempered  with  such  kind 
forbearance  towarda  the  tenantry,  as  to 
retain  their  good  will  in  the  midst  of  the 
^neral  agitation  and  disaffection  prevail- 
ing: at  tbe  time  in  tbe  eountrv,  togetlier 
with  the  greatest  zeal  and  fidelity  to  the 
interests  and  wishes  of  the  Marqueaa. 

He  resided  in  Kilkenny,  and  was  an 
active  magistrate  of  that  county  and  of 
the  adjoining  one  of  Tipperary.  He  was 
called  to  the  Irifrh  bar  in  tbe  tamevaar. 

In  1818,  Mr.  Barwis  married  FVandia 
the  youngest  daughter  of  tbe  Rev.  John 
Gurch,  M.A.  of  AU  Souls'  ColWe,and 
registrar  of  the  University  of  Oxford^ 
by  whom  he  had  eight  children,  namdy^ 
four  who  died  young,  and  two  soqs  aiid 
two  daughters  surviving. 

In  1($34  he  relinquished  tbe  Ormonde 
agency,  and  removed  from  Kilkenny  to 
Dublin,  where  ho  practised  for  a  short 
time  at  tbe  bar;  but  in  the  ioUowing  year 
returned  with  his  family  to  England,  and 
took  a  house  at  Woodstock,  near  Ox- 
ford, in  order  to  renew  his  acquaintance 
with  a  numerous  circle  of  friends,  formed 
both  lit  college  and  in  after  life. 

The  Rev.  John  Bar%\is  had  died  in 
1888,  leaving  to  his  nephew  the  ^mily 
estate  at  I^ngrifrg,  subject  to  the  life  in- 
terest of  the  tesutor*s  widow,  and,  that 
lady  dying  in  1840  at  the  advanced  age  of 
90,  the  subiect  of  this  memoir  went  to 
reside  at  the  Hall,  the  seat  ot  hia  ances- 
ton.  He  was  shortly  afterwarda  made  a 
magistrate  of  the  county  of  Cumbccland, 
and  took  a  sealous  and  active  part  in 
ouelling  the  disturbances  which  arose  in 
Wietou  in  1848.  Here  he  was  enabled, 
in  his  private  sphere,  to  make  himself 
generally  useful  and  esteemed ;  and  firom 


1844.] 


OniTVKtLy.^John  Bradley^  Esq. 


38ii 


ilia  htg'h  prindplei  and  lianoumble  feelings 

sria  justly  beloved  lu  a  tru«;  friend  and 

Chrotiao  geiitleoian.    Aitrong  proof  and 

'  JDstance   of  ibis   strict   principle  which 

I  firoroptcd  lU  bin  action>,  it  would  be  well 

to  iDention,  a«  it  bean  the  hj^beit  tciti- 

monjr  to  such  a  cbamcter.     It  bos  been 

^  ifitimated  above  that  Dr.  WiiliAm  Bamis 

^  4Jed  under  same   pt^cuniary   embarrajiii- 

jgienu.    In  tact,  be  was  encumbered  uiih 

debt 8 1  which  bis  loti  from  a  very  early 

[  j>enod  of  life  had  firmly  re:i'olved  to  dj«» 

I  ^arge  uhcnever  hi«  own  circumsrimi'ea 

\  ^faottld  enable  him  so  to  obey  the  divitia 

'  precept    of    honouring    bii    futher    ntid 

IDotber.     Aj  soon  therefore  ai  he  canit; 

into  fiOh^eHiiion  of  his  patrimonial  estatet 

lie  ict  himself  to  perform  a  t»hk  nnderefl 

difficult  by  the  dtAper^ion  and  (lumber  of 

the  representJitives  of  those  vvith  whom 

y  the  debts  had   been  co*i  traded ,  and  hav- 

I'SciK  Btill  a  young  family  to  provide  for. 

This    honourable    conduct  whs  acknow- 

\  i edged  in  ihe  ^i\mt  high  and  noble  apirit 

hy  a  baudiinne  p  resign  fat  ion  of  plate  from 

I  one  of  the  repreacututives^  who  fell  such 

\  act  worthy  of  the  higbesi  cstf  em  and 

^approbation. 

But  it  was  to  bis  character  a«  a  truly 
Chnstiai]  benefactor  and  zealous  friend 
l^to  the  Church  th^t  the  ener^'v  atid  per- 
[fererance  of  Mr.  Barwis  m  a  cause  utill 
Doreeaakedi  will  endear  ln»  memory  to 
Pl^terityr ««  well  as  to  those  vi  ho  lived 
IJieurand  around  Iiim. 

Shortly  alter  the  commencement  of  hi& 

I  lesidertce  tit  Lungrigg  Hall,  he  becnme 

j  #ye-witnc*»5   to  the  bmeii tabic  ^Ute  of 

liidestitution  of  church  acroinmodiition  in 

1  the  aidjoining  parish  ol    Holme  Cuttram^ 

l»  perfjetuai  curacy  \n  the  arcbdeiiconry 

l#nd    diocese    ot    Cariiile,    and    in    the 

puirunu^^e   of  the    CbanctUur,    Masters, 

Like*  of  thtt  University  of  Oxford,  the  im- 

propriittors,      riis  j»  irish,  >itu>ited  at  the 

^Jloith  vtcbt  eiui  of  the  county,  extending  Jd 

I  mi  let  t  ttud  in4    idiug  ^4,i)i)0  acrc<%  of  Und, 

ontains  3500  inhahitant*,  for  which  great 

(■aiirober  6tnce  the  iieformiition  there  hiid 

een  only  one  ihurch*  the  Abbey,  quite  at 

the  foutli  end  u(  the  pn»ish,  pie&ervcd  in 

Lftny  fit  st4te  for  divine  service,  although 

rJbti'oi^e  that  pel  iud  church  iiccom (nodal ion 

id   been  much  more  ample.      Feeling 

hat  scarcely  so  lamentable  ijodgUnng  art 

tpstiince  of  ipirituiil  debtttntton  bnd  ever 

been  witnessed,    Mr.    Bar  his   undertook 

the  tank  ol  laying  it  befcvre  the  jiublic,  and 

with  such  diligeiice  and  xual,  that  a   part 

of  the  good  work  i«  at  pre  lent  in  a  great 

■tate   ol    forwardness.      1 1    iippeared   de* 

firable  that  three  cbapcU  of  ease  should 

be  erected  r  and,  find  tug  that  the  re  mains 

^  a  eborcb  at  N'eu'tou  Arloth  might  b« 

restored  at  an  expense  of  750/.  by  bit 


advice  the  committee  determined  to  begiD 
by  adopting  that  pian,  and  before  the 
occurrence  of  the  lingering  illnci^M  which 
occasioned  his  Umented  death  he  ex*  - 
perienccd  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  thii 
portion  of  his  exertions  in  aftate  of  actual 
progress.  Fresh  funds  have  since  been 
obtained  from  various  sources  frulbcient 
to  warrant  the  committee  in  entcrtairang 
the  uio^t  sanguine  hopes  of  being  able 
to  erect  two  other  edifices  in  the  tovvn. 
ships  of  Holme  St.  Cutbbert  and  Holme 
Low,  andf  xvitb  the  assistance  of  the 
university  of  Oxford,  to  provide  a 
sufiic'icnt  endowment  for  two  ndditional 
curates  to  supply  that  pa^iortif  super* 
intendcnce  so  long  tteeded  by  this  large 
and  hitherto  nedected  populatior}. 

Although  Mr.  Barwin  was  not  per- 
mitted to  witness  the  entire  success  of 
bis  indtfatigiible  exertions  tn  so  excellent 
and  holy  a  cau#e,  yet  the  knowledge  of 
hnying  been  in^itru mental  in  a^ordina 
bcneitt  where  it  was  £0  much  needed 
must  have  given  him  a  ^ratiticatiou  wbicb 
a  less  sncre^l  2eal  could  not  have  inspired, 
ntid  in  the  cause  wbicb  be  advocated »  »nd 
the  work  which  he  commenced,  be  has 
left  a  nume  which  could  not  have  b«:ea 
engraved  on  a  more  pure,  and,  tet  u« 
trust,  a  mure  laadng  mormnient.  Uniting 
^n  unHinrbtng  sense  of  honour  and  duty 
to  high  Christian  principlea  of  virtue 
and  integrityt  together  with  affectionate 
warmth  rnrely  equnllcd  towards  his  nu 
nterous  relatives  and  friendit,  he  leaves  a 
character  which  may  be  admired  and 
imitated,  we  caniiot  say  i^iir^iasi^edp 

Among  bis  intimate  InendtJi  Mr.  Barwis 
numbered  the  lute  Viscount  Sidmouth| 
Chief  Justice  Bubbe,  Lord  Gilford,  Sir 
llobert  Grant,  Dr.  Alatou,  Dr.  Jenner, 
(who  first  introduced  vaccmutioo^)  Ite.^ 
&LC,  \  and  the  following  «»tiU  survive  hims 
sevcnd  of  whom  were  his  early  ii>«ociater 
and  his  lasting  and  siucere  finrnds^ :  Sit 
Benjamin  Brodte,  Sir  John  btoddarl, 
Peter  Brodie,  esq.  Hotieit  Wray^  esq.  J, 
F,  Burrell,  esq.  the  Hev.  Dr/Baiidiuel, 
Ur.  Btiss,  ibc.  dfrc. 


John  BaAoij^iYt  CiQ- 
Nop,  1^.     In  Fall  J^UU,  John  6radle|, 
esq.  uf    that  plure    and  of   Great  31aJ* 
vern,  Worcf^tershlre, 

Mr.  Bradley  was  horn  on  the  20th  of 
November^  17B6,  in  the  parish  of  Build* 
wafi,  Shropshire;  near  wf  '  '  his 
father  resided  on  a  furm  ctii:<  "hI- 

Ite*.      He  was  descended,  b,  cr's 

side,  from  an  old  Shropktiire  lamily 
named  Addenbrooke,  di«tingui!<b*d  for 
their  adherence  to  the  interests  of  the 
Stuarts,  and  for  their  r**adinesi  to  aid  ill 
tbetr  rcitaraUun  to  the    throne— bopea 


320 


Clergy  Deceaud* 


[UuA. 


wbich  «rere  annihiltted  in  174«5,  on  the 
field  of  CuUoden.  The  last  repreten- 
tfttire  of  this  fmmilj  was  Col.  Adden^ 
'  brooke,  Cfaamberlain  to  tbe  late  Princets 
Charlotte.  On  bis  death  manj  of  the 
colonel's  papers  devolved  to  Mr.  Brad- 
ley, as  his  nearest  relative,  and  among 
them  were  found  some  curious  original 
documents  relative  to  Montgomery  Cas- 
tie  and  Lord  Herbert,  of  Cberbury, 
which  were  communicated  to  our  Maga- 
zine, with  some  notes,  by  our  correspond- 
ent A.  J.  K.|f  Mr.  Kempe),  an  old  and  in- 
timate friend  of  Mr.  Bradley.  Their 
intimacy  had  been  hereditary,  for  their 
respective  grandfathers,  Mr.  Nicholas 
Kempe,  of  Chelsea,  and  Mr.  Thomas 
Addenbrooke,  had  been  on  tbe  most 
friendly  termn. 

Mr.  Bradley,  from  an  early  period  of 
his  life,  exhibited  considerable  talent  for 
drawing.  He  was  admitted  a  student  at 
tbe  Royal  Academy  on  tbe  7th  January, 
IdH.  About  the  same  period  he  became 
acquainted  with  that  excellent  artist  and 
antiquary,  the  late  Charies  Stothard, 
F.S.A.,  and  imbibed  from  him  a  taste  for 
subjecU  of  antiquity.  In  March,  1814, 
31r.  Bradley  published  two  carefully 
executed  and  coloured  prints  of  the 
figures  of  Henry  VII.  and  Elixabeth  bis 
Queen,  fiom  St.  Margaret's  Churchy 
Westminster;  in  1815^  two  elaborate  and 
interesting  prints  in  the  same  style,  repre- 
senting the  court  of  Henry  VI.,  and 
that  of  bis  Queen  Margaret,  from  the 
old  tapestry  preserved  in  St.  Mary's 
Hall,  Coventrv. 

He  painted  several  miniatures,  and 
made  a  sketch  of  her  present  Majesty 
Queen  Victoria  when  a  child,  and  resi- 
dent  for  a  time  with  her  mother  at  Great 
Malvern. 

He  published,  from  time  to  time,  nu- 
merous lithographic  views  of  tbe  scenery 
and  antiauities  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Great  Alalvem.  In  tbe  year  18J{7,  be 
met  with  a  serious  accident  by  jumping 
off  a  stage  coach  which  be  thought  was 
about  to  upset ;  this  occasioned  an  injury 
to  bis  ancle  wbich  be  felt  through  life. 
In  tbe  autumn  of  that  year  he  married 
Miss  Marianne  Woo<]yatt,  of  Hereford, 
at  which  place  he  bad  been  remaining  for 
recovery  of  bis  health. 

He  pasted  the  latter  end  of  the  year 
1843,  with  Mrs.  Bradley  and  bis  children, 
in  the  picturesque  neighbourhood  of  Guild- 
ford,  where  he  made  numerous  sketches. 
A  short  time  after  his  return  to  town 
he  was  seized  with  cold  and  fever  of 
typhoid  character,  which  in  the  short 
space  of  aeven  days  led  to  a  flital  result. 
Mr.  Bradley  was  a  man  of  most  abste- 
mious babiu,  calm  and  chfittiMi  temper. 


His  death  had  all  the  suddemiew  to  his 
friends  of  accident,  for  his  coaatifti— 
and  general  health  promised  a  fife  of 
long  duration.  Mr.  Bradley  appeared 
conscious  of  his  approacfaing  end,  and 
met  tbe  decree  with  resignation  to  tbe 
will  of  the  Almighty. 

He  has  left  bebmd  him  an  aniaUe 
widow  to  deplore  his  loss,  (and  who  can 
be  consoled  done  by  those  consideimCkMH 
which  support  a  Christian  in  the  hour  of 
trial,)  a  daughter  sixteen  vears  of  ago^ 
and  a  son  in  his  infancy.  His  two  a«- 
viving  brothers,  resident  in  Pall  Mall, 
have  long  carried  on  a  respectable  boai- 
ness  as  diina  manufacturers  to  her  Ma- 
jesty and  other  members  of  the  Royal 
Family.  Mr.  Bradley  was  interred  OM 
Nov.  18,  in  the  Cemetery  at  Keniall 
Green. 

CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Oct.  22.  In  the  Mauritius,  in  hit  40tk 
year,  tbe  Hon.  and  Rev.  JEdw&rd  CSMrlar 
Gifordt  brother  to  Lord  Clifford. 

Dee,  21.  Aged  53.  tbe  Rev.  mOimm 
Johnson  Rodber,  M.A.,  Rectorand  Lec- 
turer of  tbe  united  parishes  of  St.  Mary- 
at-Hill  and  St.  Andrew  Hubbard,  Loo- 
don,  and  SecreUry  of  the  Incorpoiated 
Society  for  Building  and  Eiuarwing 
Churches  and  Chapels.  He  was  for- 
roeriy  Curate  to  the  Rev.  Fynea  Clinton, 
whilst  minister  of  St.  Maigaretl,  Wert- 
minster.  On  the  formation  of  the  so- 
ciety above  named,  in  1819,  (aee  Gent. 
Mag.,  vol.  xcix.,  i.  499),  Mr.  Biamwell 
was  appointed  Honoraiy  Secretary,  and 
Mr.  Kodber  Sub- Secretary,  and  ho  ac- 
tively and  zealously  performed  the  dndct 
of  bis  office  for  nearly  twenty-five  yean. 
Tbe  society  originated  in  a  great  msosuro 
from  the  christian  benevolence  of  the  late 
John  Bowdler,  esq.,  and  Mr.  Rodber  ia 
succeeded  in  his  office  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Bowdler.  Mr.  Rodber  married,  Sept. 
1,  I822,il8abella.Mary,  daughter  of  Mr. 
J.  Dunn,  the  eminent  tailor  in  Bedford- 
street  ;  and  was  presented  to  his  dtj 
living  in  1826. 

Dee.  31.  The  Rev.  -John  Turner, 
Rector  of  Hagley  with  Frankley,  Wor- 
cestershire, to  which  be  was  presented  by 
Lord  Lyttelton  in  1801. 

Aged  ao,  tbe  Rev.  C.  B.  Howari, 
M.A.,  Colonial  Chaplain,  and  Surrogate 
to  the  Bishop  of  Australia.  He  waa 
instituted  in  1833  to  the  perpetual  curacy 
of  Hambleton,  in  tbe  parish  of  Kirkhamt 
Lancashire. 

Tbe  Rev.  Jamei  Jonew,  for  twenty 
years  Vicar  of  Mathry,  PembrokesfairOi 
in  tbe  patronage  of  the  Bishop  of  Stf 
Daiid'a. 


18440 


CUrgy  Deceased, 


327 


ThM  Rev.  William  John  Trati^t  ALA. 
Rector  of  Lidgmtc,  Suffolk.  He  was  af 
Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1830, 
M.A,  183-,  and  was  presented  to  his 
living  wit  bin  these  few  years. 

Jan.  10.  At  Tor,  neor  Torqimy, 
aged  Bl,  the  Rev.  Alexander  Piaii, 
Lecturer  of  Watford,  Herts.  He  wm  of 
Queen**  rot  lege,  Camb.  LL.B.  1797. 

Jah.  16.  At  Broughton.hall,  Oxford- 
■hire,  aged  45,  the  R«v.  William  Otltton^ 
M«A,  of  Thcescombe,  Gloucestershire; 
second  son  of  the  Ute  Edward  Fmncis 
Colston,  esq.  of  Filkini-lmll,  Oxford* 
sbire.  He  was  of  Trinity -hall,  Cambridge, 
LL.B,  1822. 

At  York,  aged  78^  the  Rev.  John 
Graham,  Rector  of  St.  Saviour's  and  St. 
Mary  Bishop-hill  Senior,  and  Chaplain 
of  the  York  County  Asylum. 

Jan,  17-  At  Milan,  aged  1*6,  the  Rev. 
Edward  LeathcM^  Rector  of  Reedbarn  and 
Freethoqie,  eldest  son  of  ibe  Ute  Rev. 
Edward  Leathes,  Rector  of  those  parishes 
and  of  South  wold  and  Lcmpenhoe,  in 
Norfolk.  He  was  of  Trinity  college, 
Cambridge^  B.A.  17^9;  and  was  insti- 
^  tuted  to  his  living  in  1801. 

Jan.  21.  At  Croydon,  aged  70,  the 
I  Rev.  Gcftrgt  Kin  ff  it  on,  Rector  of  Syder- 
I  itone,  near  Fakenhnni,  and  of  North 
[Bamingham,  Norfolk,  He  was  pre.^ented 
[to  Xhn  Utter  in  IBOO,  by  Admiral  Wynd- 
[tuD,and  Co  the  former  recently  by  the 
I  Marquess  Choi mondeley.  At  an  inquest 
[  Miaa  Mary  Williamsoni  at  whose  house 
[be  lodged,  said  that  he  bad  latterly  been 
I  very  neivous  and  excited,  on  accoynt  of 
[  bis  having  received  a  cammynicalion  from 
I  the  Bishop  of  Norwich,  requiring  him  to 
I  feturn  to  his  parish  in  Norfolk,  or  else 
I  give  up  bis  livings.  She  thought  this  had 
[SaiCetied  his  death. 

Jan.  22,  The  Rev,  Marmaduke  Wil* 
Hector  of  Redgrave  with  Bates- 
p,  and  of  Nowton,  Suffolk.  He  was 
I  of  St,  PeterV  college,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
\  1793,  ALA.  1802  ;  was  presented  to 
[jUdgrava  in  the  latter  year,  by  Mr,  WiU 
n,  and  to  Now  ton,  in  180* » by  the  Mar- 
^  qnens  of  Bristol. 

Jan.  23.     At  Llanyblodvvel  Vicarage, 

the  liev.  James  Ehnne,  D.D.     Dr.  Donne 

presided  thirty-sijc  year$  in  the  Grammar 

School  at  Oswestry  in  Shropthire.    While 

^  be  firounded  his  pupils  in   human  letters 

ivith  diligence  and  success,  be  was  mott 

earefnl   to   make   the  knowledge  of  the 

Word  of  God  the  basts  of  his  instructions. 

KcUgion,  pure  and  undcliled,  was  mingled 

with  every  branch  of  education  imparted 

1  ftt  hit  school.      He  was  fervent] v  attached 

to  tlio  Apostolic  Church  of  England.     He 

IwM  Mttemed  wherever  he  was  known, 

ltn4  greatly  beloved  by   his  pupils  and 


family,  who  tvOl  sybscribe  witli  their 
hearts  upon  his  monument  that  he  was  a 
good  man.  In  the  latter  years  of  bia 
lite  Dr.  Donne  resided  in  the  Vicarage 
of  Llanybludwel,  a  beautiful  spot,  de* 
scribed  by  tlie  Rev.  R.  W.  Evans  as  the 
♦'  Rectory  of  Valchead.'*  Here  he  gave  bis 
pari«ihionera  and  friends  an  example  of 
unaffected  piety  ;  and  here  he  died,  as  he 
bad  lived,  in  the  true  faith  and  fear  of 
God,  "full  of  joy  and  peace  in  believing.'* 


DEATHS, 

tOKDON    AND    ITS   VICINITY. 

A'ep.  \'^,  At  Camherwcll,  aged  77 » 
Mrs.  Agnes  Robbins,  mother  of  the  Rev, 
William  Robbins,  Rector  of  Heigh am^ 

Nov.  IT.  Mrs.  Mary  Frances  Porter, 
widow  of  Stephen  Porter,  esq,  barriiter- 
at4aw,  late  of  Staples4nn,  London. 

Jan.  10.  Aged  73,  Peter  Talioiai'dini 
esq.  formerly  of  Argyll -st. 

Jan.  14.  In  London,  aged  IT,  Julia- 
Rosioa,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Jamea 
Cooper,  of  Ugley,  Essex. 

Jan.  17.  At  the  residence  of  her  son 
in  London,  aged  57,  Mrs.  Harriet  Church, 
late  of  Downside,  Somerset,  widow  of 
the  Rev.  William  Chiu*ch,  of  Hamptoa, 
Middlesex. 

Jan,  17.  In  Great  Portland -st,  aged 
!^0,  Eleanor^Jane,  dau,  of  the  late  N.  J, 
N.  Buckle,  esq.  of  Glonceater. 

At  Briitonliill,  aged  7.9,  Mrs.  Maryan^ 
widow  of  Ciipt.  R,  Maryan,  of  tlie  East 
Essei  Militia. 

At  the  Platt-housc,  Putney,  aged  68, 
Susannah,  widow  of  Benjamia  Boviil,  esq* 

Jan,  \9,  In  Upper  Montagu-st. 
Mary,  wife  of  Sir  John  Dashwood  King, 
Bart.,  of  West  Wycombe  Park,  and  Hal- 
ton-house,  Bucks.  She  was  the  dau.  of 
Theodore  Henry  Broadhead,  esq.  was 
married  in  1789,  and  has  Idt  issue  five 
sons  and  two  daughters. 

Jan,  20.  In  the  Old  Kent  Road, 
aged  29,  Adelaide,  wife  of  H.  Blundell, 
esq.  and  only  aiater  of  Mrs*  W^  Ncwby,  of 
Cambridge. 

Jan.  '21.  Aged  B3,  Edward  Bower* 
bank,  esq.  of  Sun-st.  Bishopsgate-st. 

In  Kentish  Town,  Mary,  relict  of  Ro- 
bert Crickmore,  etq.  of  Brockdiah  Place, 
Norfolk, 

At  BrixtoQ-hlll,  aged  80,  Mary,  relic  I 
of  Samuel  Chandler,  esq. 

Jan.  ^.  In  Great  Portland-at.  aged 
GJ,  Henry  Rod  well,  esq.  formerly  of  East 
Harling,  Norfolk. 

Jan.^,  In  Great  Portland -st.  aged 
87,  Captain  George  Robertson  Aikman* 
He  was  the  senior  commander  of  the  Hon. 
East  India  Company'^s  late  maritime  serr. 

In  Old-st.  aged  66,  Edward  W  eller,  esq. 
ofWeUer-hoiuc,ThorotQii-beatb,Croydoft« 


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18440 

Lately, — A^d  53,  Wm.  Bennett,  eiq. 
erf  ParringKlon.  house, 
b         At    WArgrave-JiUli    Lieut,-CoL    Ray- 

■  mond  Whitef  Iste  of  the  Inniikilkna. 

I  CAiimiiJOGK. — Dec  2    Ag«d  (i6,  Add, 

■  yoaagejt  daughter  of  thr  late  Rot.  Hcnrj 

■  Turner,  B-D.  Rector  of  Newmarkets 

Jan.  UK  At  RoyitoD,  Elizabeth,  wife 
of  Wortham  Hitchi  «&q.  and  eldest  d«ugh- 
tar  of  the  late  Eov.  Jarnet  Uitdi»  Rector 
of  Weaterfteld. 

(Aged  13,  Tfcho,  eldest  son  of  Tycho 
WiQ^,  esq.  of  Thoroey  Abbejr. 
A^ed  1A4f  Jonathan  Fison^  esq.  of  Horn- 


.  W.  Aged  64,  Sophin,  wife  of  Wil- 
Uftm  Sampler,  etq.  of  UiiLon-huU. 

Fell*  1.    Amabel-CharlotLe«  iufant  dau* 
Q#ayuj«a  Wager  Watwin,  esq.  of  Wrat- 


Cwsnnin.t.—Jan,2l.  At  Hill  House, 
West  Kirl»y,  aged  29,  Mr.  Robert  DaiiL*. 
tet,  only  son  of  tlie  late  Rev.  Robert  Ua- 
Ulster,  Mimstcr  of  All  Sainta^  Church, 
Liverpool, 

»Jmt,  9b\  At  Combtrmere  Abbey,  aged 
HH,  Robert  Gibbio^tr  Mq^  of  Glbbinga 
l>ove,  CO*  Limerick. 

/on.  31.  Ellon,  wife  of  Jalm  Balkdey 
Johoaoot  esq*  at  Mortlake  Uuuse^  CuH' 
gletoo. 

Caattw^ti..— IpaIp/j^.  At  Falmoutb^ 
Tbomai  Mtxgerald,  ceq.  Purser  R*N.ng4* 

Feb>  8.  At  Ptjnmerer  near  Falmouth, 
Lieut  Pasauifbajii,  R.N. 

Dsvoif.^^eii.  17.  At  Stoke  Hou»e^ 
near  Dartmouth,  aged  60,  Thomas  Charles 
Steoart  Corry,  esq. 

Jan.  m.  At  Soutbemhay,  Exeter, 
Catbarine-Anoe,  dait.  of  the  late  John 
Bradford,  Rector  of  Idcford  and  Upton 
Pyna, 

Jam,  Sb,  At  Mount  Veroon,  Exeter, 
aged  92.  Sarah,  widow  of  Abrahira  Toul- 
mio,  eft<|.  of  London* 

Jan,  2b\  At  Stoke  Fleming,  near  Tlart- 
mouth,  agf^d  73,  George  Graham,  esq. 
formerly  of  New  Bridge-At.  London. 

At  Miilfteld  House',  near  Durtmouth* 
aged  47,  George  Martin,  caq.  only  son  of 
Bd*"^^'^  IV,.,,. — ,  xiai^tin,  esq.  of  I'pper 
Sey  n-sq.  JUindon, 

A'  oml  c^Rashleigh,  only 

child  of  the  Rev.  Nutcorobe  Gould. 

/oa.  27.  At  Thonrertou,  aged  70, 
Jamca  Tkomas,  eaq.  of  Bidwdl  House, 
a  Terj  eminent  agriculturist. 

At  Pi^vottUa,  agid  %6,  Dorothea^  wid^w 
of  Geo.  Qiof«B  fiUot  Vinieombe.  of  the 
Royal  Maiiiwa. 

Jmt,  S9.  At  Teigumouth,  Bg«d  23, 
William  Browne,  esq.  M.D.  of  the  Bast 
India  C^ompany^s  Service. 

Pt^,  itJ.  At  Donkevwell,  near  Houi- 
ton,  in  the  serenth  year  of  her  age,  Sarah* 

Q^NT,  Mac.  Vol.  XXL 


329 

EUMbeth,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Rev* 
James  Temple  Mansel,  curate  of  Dutiket- 
well  and  Sheldon .  She  waa  bom  at  Mon- 
mouth, March  11th,  1«37. 

Lately.  At  Haslar  Hospital,  Lieut, 
Alexander  Schank  Wright,  R.N.  son  of 
Rear -A  dm.  Wright,  aod  grandson  of  the 
late  Admiral  Schank,  of  Barton  Ho  use » 
Dawlifth. 

At  Uearitree,  Ann,  widow  of  the  Ro?* 
Edward  Iloulditcli. 

Pelf,  5,  At  Plymouth »  aged  54*  JoIlh 
Crocker,  esq. 

FefK  6.  At  Ottery  St.  Mary,  aged  54, 
John  Wreford,  caq.  of  Tipton. 

At  Tiverton  I  ngetl  64,  Lewis  Smale 
Tucker,  esq.  formerly  Collector  of  bar 
Majiisty*s  Gftvcnues  at  Gibraltar. 

At  Barnstaple,  aged  B3,  John  Pyko, 
esq.  formerly  of  tUo  North  Devon  Bank. 
and  father  of  the  Rev.  John  Pyke,  Rector 
of  PiMracombe. 

Feb,  9,  Al  Croditon,  at  an  ttdvaaced 
age,  Thomaa  Hugo,  esq, 

Feb.  10.  MaHtt,  wife  of  G,  W.  Gro?«, 
egq«  of  Exeter,  solicitor. 

i-*eA.  11.  At  his  father's  restdeDce» 
Mount  Boone,  Dartmouth,  George  Augus- 
tus Scale,  E.N.  late  of  H.M.  ship  'Vlllut- 
trious,'*  son  of  Sir  John  H.  Seale»  Bart. 
and  M,P.  for  Dartmouth, 

At  Ex  mouth,  aged  7,  AugU5ta*Caroliaer 
youngest  dsu,  of  Capt*  Stupart,  R.N. 

BoMAMT*  ^Laltiy.  Agod  d6,  Jolu 
Keiidle»  esq.  of  Hatcblandt  Netherbury. 

Jam*  lb\  At  Danhury,  Adckide-Har* 
riet,  youngeat  dau*  of  tbe  Rev.  Thomaa 
P.  Bridges. 

Eaasx.-^/an.  S8.  At  Saffron  Waldeo, 
aged  64,  Jdhn  Flskei  esq*  formerly  of 
New  inn,  Strand. 

Jfin.  30.  At  Great  Uford«  aged  62j 
Thomas  Har?ey,  esq. 

Gloucestkr. — Jatt.  15.  At  Ncwn- 
ham,  aged  7<i,  John  Wait,  estj. 

JitH,  16.  In  Lodge-st.  Bristol,  Elinor. 
relict  of  Capt,  P.  Lowe. 

Jan.  91,  At  FUton,  aged  60,  Lydia, 
relict  of  Jeboiada  Daudo,  esq.  of  Bristol. 

Jan,  '2*2,  Euuic^e,  wife  of  the  Rev, 
Thomas  F.  Jenningf ,  Chaplain  of  Bristol 
Gaol*  and  eldest  dau.  of  the  iat'^  Thorn  a* 
Shorlaod,  esq.  of  Yeovil,  Somei^t. 

Jam,  Se.  At  Clifton,  aged  86,  Capt. 
Dalby,  R,N. 

At  Cheltenham,  Maria,  relict  of  tlie 
Rev«  Charlea  Jeryis,  late  Incumbent  of 
Cheltenham,  Rector  of  Ludtleoham,  Kent, 
and  Chaplain  to  the  Duke  of  Co  rub  ridge. 

£a/Wjr.      At    Dvih  nn  Park,  Mied  97, 
Mrs.  Douglas, 
and  sitter  of  t]< 

At  Cheltenham,  t,h 
Chisbolioe*  eaq.  M,r 

AtCMtMhiim,!! 
f 


330 


Obituaet. 


[BiKraiy 


At  Frampton-on-SeTern,  aged  76,  Thoc. 
Barnard,  esq. 

At  Gloucester,  aged  21 ,  Frances  Maria, 
third  dan.  of  the  late  Clement  Chadbom, 
esq.  of  Newnham. 

Ftb,  9.  At  Clifton,  aged  74.  Juliana, 
wife  of  Samuel  Fred.  MiUbrd,  esq. 

Ftb,  3.  At  Bristol,  aged  63,  Young 
Sturge,  a  highlj  valued  member  of  the 
Society  of  Friends. 

Fbb,  4.  At  Clifton,  aged  76,  the  Hon. 
Valentine  Alicia,  relict  of  the  Hon.  Sir 
Francis  Burton,  G.C.H.  and  sister  to  the 
Right  Hon.  Lord  Cloncurry. 

Feb,  5.  At  Bristol,  aged  84,  David  Da- 
Tie8,-M.D.  He  was  for  upwards  of  50  years 
ffurgeon  of  St.  Peter's  Hospital,  having 
been  elected  to  that  office  in  April,  1785. 
In  1790,  a  vote  of  the  Corporation  of  the 
Poor  recorded  their  approbation  of  his 
■errices;  and,  on  his  retiring  from  the 
office  in  1837>  he  received  from  the  Guar- 
dians of  the  Poor  another  gratifying  and 
valuable  testimonial  of  their  sense  of  his 
services. 

Feb.  8.  At  Bristol,  aged  69,  Eleanor, 
relict  of  Capt.  John  Morley,  of  the  Hon. 
East  India  Company's  Service. 

Hants.— iVbv.  20.  At  Elvetham,  aged 
16  years,  George  Arthur,  second  son  of 
the  Hon.  Frederick  Calthorpe. 

/en.  15.  At  Bittern  Manor  House, 
Southampton,  Lewis  Shedden,  esq.  of 
Eastonton,  late  Capt.  15th  Hussars,  and 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Col.  John  Shedden, 
of  Lymington. 

Jan,  \6,  At  Ashmansworth,  aged  81, 
Richard  Hule,  esq. 

Jmt,  23.  Anne  Payne,  widow  of  Thomas 
Dorsett  fiirchall,  esq.  of  Wickham. 

/m.  25.  At  Winchester,  aged  71, 
Charles  Hawthorne,  esq.  of  Reading,  for 
upwards  of  30  years  a  magistrate  of  the 
town  of  Basingstoke. 

•/«•.  28.  At  Ventnor,  Isle  of  Wight, 
aged  24,  Charles  Ellis,  only  son  of  the 
late  Ellis  Shipley  Brewin,  esq.  of  the  Pa- 
ragon.  New  Kent  Road. 

At  Carrington,  aged  20,  Milford  John, 
eldest  son  of  Richard  Jennins,  esq. 

Lately,  At  bis  retfideace,  near  South- 
ampton,  the  Hon.  Charles  St.  John, 
youngest  brother  of  Viscount  Bolingbroke. 

At  Southampton, aged  86,  Mrs.  Sechige- 
ray,  sister  of  the  late  Lady  Bertie. 

Feb.  2.  At  Warren  Cottage,  Ryde, 
Isle  of  Wight,  aged  57,  Samuel  Cham- 
bers, esq.  late  of  Brixton  Hill. 

At  Ivy  HaU,  Isle  of  Wight,  in  his  84th 
year,  William  Cox,  esq. ;  he  was  much 
respected  for  his  benevolence,  and  has 
bequeathed  200/.  to  the  British  and  Fo- 
reign  Bible  Society,  in  London. 

Feb,  5.  At  Portsmouth,  of  lockjaw, 
Ensign  Prior,  of  the  59th.    He  wu  out 


in  a  small  boat,  wild-duck  ihootiDg,  when 
by  some  accident  his  gun  discharged  itaelf, 
and  its  contents,  including  the  wadding, 
lodged  in  the  back  part  of  his  thigh. 

Hkrts.-Vch.  25.  At  Abbot's  Lang- 
ley,  William  Bagot,  esq. 

Feb.  1 .  At  Hoddesdon,  aged  85,  Mar- 
garet, relict  of  William  Christie,  esq. 

Huntingdon.  ^iVotr.  21.  At  God- 
manchester,  aged  S.**,  Martha,  relict  of 
the  Rev.  Mr.  BailiiTe,  formeriy  Vicar  of 
Rotherham,  Yorkshire,  and  mother  of 
Mrs.  Peter  Haslop,  of  this  town. 

Jan,  21.  At  Barham,  aged  82,  the 
widow  Ball,  who  for  years  was  supposed 
by  the  poorer  classes,  and  others  equally 
ignorant,  to  possess  tiie  power  of  witch- 
craft. 

Jan.  27.  At  his  father's  house,  at  St. 
Neot's,  aged  31,  Robert  Day,  esq.  late  of 
Bury  St.  Edmund's. 

At  St.  Neot's,  aged  82,  A.  M.  Dtmell, 
esq.  formerly  of  Hail  Weston. 

Kent.— Z)ec.  27.  At  Sellinge,  aged  21, 
William  Wiseman,  fourth  son  of  the  lato 
Arthur  Clarke,  esq.  of  BishopsgateChureh- 
vard,  formerly  a  pupil  at  the  Infinnary, 
Northampton. 

Jan,  17.  George  Comport,  esq.  third 
son  of  the  late  Thomas  Comport,  esq.  of 
White-hall,  IJoo,  Rochester. 

Jan,  21.  At  Woolwich,  Mrs.  Barlow, 
wife  of  Peter  Barlow,  esq.  F.R.S.  tad 
formerly  of  Norwich. 

Jan.  22.  Aged  77,  EUen-Elixab^i, 
relict  of  Col.  Gwyllym  Lloyd  Wardle,  of 
Hart*s  Heath. 

Jan.  24.  At  the  house  of  James  Scott, 
esq.  Clay  Hill,  Beckenham,  aged  74, 
Thomas  Bentley,  esq.  of  the  Hermitage, 
Higham. 

Jan.  30.  At  Heme  Bay,  Mary-EUsa- 
beth,  relict  of  William  Davis,  esq.  of 
Mitcham,  Surrey. 

At  Sandgate,  aged  5,  Edward-Shaw, 
eldest  son  of  Edwanl  George,  esq.  M.D. 

At  Dover,  aged  59,  Martha,  relict  of 
the  Rev.  Edward  Winthrop. 

Feb,  2.  In  New-road,  Rochester,  aged 
75,  EUiward  Boys,  esq. 

Lancaster. — Jan.  25.  At  Liverpool, 
aged  66,  Ann,  relict  of  William  Peill,  eaq. 
and  mother  of  the  Rev.  J.  N.  Peill,  Rec- 
tor of  St.  Botolph*s,  Cambridge. 

Jan,  26.  At  Bootle,  near  Liverpool, 
aged  43,  Robert  Pacy,  esq.  late  of  Bio  de 
Janeiro. 

Leicester.— >/iffii.  25.  At  SouthMd 
House,  Leicester,  aged  47,  Eliiabeth- 
Hayward,  wife  of  W.  Betts,  esq. 

Lincoln. —Jan.  27.  At  Somerley, 
near  Brigg,  aged  71,  Edward  Weston, 
esq.  formerly  Capt.  in  the  11th  Light 
Dragoons,  with  which  he  served  in  the 
campaigns  of  1793  in  Fltnden. 


1844,] 


Obituahy. 


331 


MiDDLfisvx.— Jan*  26.  Ciiarle^i  third 
•on  of  the  Ute  Edward  Dyer.of  Shepperton 
G recti,  and  nephew  of  Capt.  Sir  Thomas 
Dyer,  Bart.  R.N.  of  Portsmouth. 

Jan,  21.  At  Ealiag,  near  Brentford, 
Aged  71,  Lady  Carr,  She  was  Jane, 
■econd  daughter  of  Sir  Thomai  Spencer 
Wilson,  Bart.;  wa5  married  first  in  IT&O 
to  the  Right  Hon.  Spencer  Perceval, 
(third  son  of  John  2nd  Earl  of  Et^roant,) 
first  Lord  of  the  Treaanry,  and  Chan. 
ctth>r  of  the  Exchequer,  who  was  assu^si- 
natcd  by  Bellingham  in  1812  ;  secondly, 
in  1815,  to  the  kte  Sir  Uenry  Win,  Carr, 
KX.B.  who  died  ia  1 H2] ,  By  her  first 
mamafe  the  had  tweke  children,  and  haa 
left  more  than  thirty  grand  ohiJdren. 

Feb.  2,  At  hi*  father's,  ChArles  Henry 
Skrine,  esq.  Commoner  of  Wadham  col- 
lege^  second  and  youngest  son  of  the  Rer. 
John  Harconrt  Skrine,  of  Teddington. 

NoMFOLK. —  Nop,  17-  After  several 
years  of  painful  illaes§,  EUzabeth.ftan- 
n&h,  wife  of  John  Tweedaie,  \LD*  of 
Lynn. 

Nov,  29,  Aged  65.  Sarah >EUz4ibetht 
wife  of  Saomel  Paget,  e<q.  of  Yarmouth, 

2)ec.  4.  At  M&ttiahall,  Catharine,  the 
wife  of  William  Bodham  Donnei  esq. 

Bee.  C.  Grace,  the  wife  of  Robert 
Palk,  esKi*  Commander  R.N. 

Jan*  6,  At  Great  Yarmouth,  in  her 
B4th  y^ar,  Mrs,  Jane  Moyae  ;  and  on  the 
10th,  aged  ^0,  her  iister,  Mrs-  Harmcr, 
widow  of  the  late  Robert  Manner,  esq.  of 
Becclea,  and  motlier  uf  the  late  Capt. 
Hanner,  R.N.,  whose  Umented  death 
took  pkce  A  short  time  since  at  China, 

Fro.  4,  Aged  7  •»  James  Barnham,  esq. 
of  Norwich,  many  years  Major  in  the  First 
or  West  Norfolk  Militia,  and  a  Deputy 
Lien  tenant  for  this  county. 

rei,  11.  At  Swaifham,  aged  a7t  John 
DngmoreT  esq. 

Nqbtrampton. — Dec,  IT.  From  a 
fall  from  his  horise  when  hunting  with  the 
Pytchley  hounds,  aged  ^1,  the  Rt.  Hon. 
William  Adrian  Lord  Inverurie,  Lieut. 
17th  Light  Dragoons ;  son  and  heir  appa- 
rent of  the  Earl  of  Klntorc.  His  next 
brother,  Francis -Alexander,  now  Lord 
Inveniric,  was  born  in  1828, 

Jan,  2^2,  Aged  61,  Eliza*  widow  of  Rev. 
Charles  Pryce,  Vicar  of  Wellingborough, 
Northamptonshire,  and  one  of  the  Prc- 
beodariea  of  Hereford  CathcdrmL 

Fe&,  8,  At  Northampton,  aged  36, 
Henry  Becke,  esq.  solicitor. 

OKroRD,— Uec.  31.  At  the  Vicarage, 
Banbury,  in  his  40th  year,  Amor  Rich 
SandersoD,  esq.  M.D,  whose  extensive 
and  accurate  knowledge  of  the  resources 
of  medical  Bcience,  combined  with  great 
■agacity  and  judgment  in  the  application 
af  theoOf  eminently  qualified  him  for  the 


duties  of  a  physician;  and  whose  kindll- 
uess  of  temper,   and   nnweared  henevo* 

lence,  rendered  hifo  no  less  valuable  at  a 
neighbour  and  a  friend. 

Jan,  13.  Aged  38,  Mary- Elisabeth, 
wife  of  Robert  Aldworth  Newtan,  esq.  of 
Fifield  House,  Benson. 

Jan,  I6\  At  Oxford,  aged  @3,  Sir  Jo* 
seph  Lock,  He  was  adntitted  to  the 
Council,  as  Mayor*s  child,  by  R.  Weston » 
esq.  in  the  year  1766,  and  took  hts  seat  as 
Chamberlain  in  consequence.  He  served 
the  oSice  of  BoiUa*,  in  17d3,  with  Mr«  J. 
W.  Thorp.  He  was  Mayor  In  the  year 
1813  and  1829,  in  the  last  of  which  he  waa 
elected  Alderman  in  the  room  of  James 
Adorns,  esq. ;  and  was  knighted  by  the 
Prince  Regent,  in  1814,  when  tho  Allied  < 
Sovereigns  visited  Ojtford, 

Salop — Jan.  29»  At  Severn  House, 
aged  76,  Hannah,  relict  of  William  Rey- 
nolds, esq. 

SoMeasGT,— 2>0c.  30.  At  Ruishworth, 
Anna,  wife  of  John  Bryan,  esq.  R.N. 

Jan,  16,  At  the  rectory,  Saltford, 
near  Bath,  aged  ?2,  Susan  Eliza,  only 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  J.  Wtghtman,  Rector  of 
that  parish. 

Jan,  17 »  At  Winscombe,  aged  75, 
Mrs.  Whalley,  rehct  of  Col.  WhaUey,  of 
Winscombe-court,  a  descendant  in  tho 
fifth  degree  and  representative  of  Sir 
Nicholas  Hyde,  Chief  Justice  of  England, 
temp.  Charles  I. 

JcH,  18.  At  Bath,  Alice,  wife  of  Jamea 
Whiting,  esq.  of  Carshalton,  Surrey. 

At  Bath,  Emma,  dan.  of  the  late  Wil- 
liam M  it  ford,  esq.  of  PiUbill,  Suaiex. 

Jan.  2U,  At  Widcombe,  aged  71  • 
Charles  B.  Brome,  eiq. 

Jan.  2i,  At  Bath,  aged  58,  Gajnor» 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  John  Williams,  esq. 
of  Peniorthuchaf,  Merionethshire, 

Jan,  26,  J,  F.  Barnard,  esq.  senior 
surgeon  of  the  Walcot  Dispensary,  which 
institution  he  founded  in  18^9* 

Jan.  27.  Mr.  W.  C.  Manners,  the 
celebrated  musical  professor  of  Bath. 

Jan,  3L  At  Milverton,  Elizabetbt 
relict  of  John  Cridlaod,  esq,  of  Spring 
Grove  House. 

Lately.  At  Blackford-lodge,  near 
Wells,  Elinor-Catharine,  wife  of  William 
Atkins,  esq. 

At  Bath,  at  an  advanced  age,  the  Count* 
ess  Nugent,  relict  of  the  lote  Count  FcUr 
Nugent,  Knight  of  the  Military  Order  of 
St.  Louis. 

Feb.  I,     At   Bath,    aged    88,   Sanoel 
Kelson,  esq.  of  Beckington,  and  Midaomer  ^ 
Norton. 

Feb.  5.    At  Lynchiield,  Bishop's  Lyd« 
ard,  Elizabeth  M,,  relict  of  Thomas  Maletl 
Charter,  esq.  -   .    ^ 

Feb.  8.    Aged  69*  Lucy,  relict  W  W  " 


k 


3SS 
Rev. 


Obitvabt. 


(■UNAt 


VdWMt   Lnttnll,    k 
•nd  Mia 


Feb,  10.  At  Wellington.  ig«d  35,  tbe 
widow  of  Che  lite  W.  S.  Farson,  esq. 

SuTFOLK.— ^^.  91.  At  ClKtoworth. 
Rebeccm,  relict  of  the  Re?.  J.  Gee  Serfth. 
miny  jmn  Rector  of  that  parish. 

At  Ipiwicb,  aged  77.  Suian.  relict  of 
Giwtaia  HaileaTK.N. 

Mr.  95.  At  Ipiwich,  in  her  73d  year, 
flarah,  rriict  of  W.  Bolt,  esq.  of  Ahiiig. 
don*itreet,  Westminster. 

Nw.  S6.  At  Shadowbosh.  Poalingford. 
aged  80,  Colonel  Weston. 

^09.  97.  At  Ipswieb,  aged  6i,  Sophia, 
aldett  daughter  of  the  late  Rer.  Williaaa 
Walker,  Rector  of  Stuston. 

Dec.  12,  At  Bcccles,  in  her  85tfa  year, 
Bfn.  MaryTayh>r,  widow  of  the  Rct. 
Henrey  Taylor. 

Jan,  16.  At  Uandford  Lodge,  Ipswich, 
-nged  61,  Mn.  Dykes,  relict  of  Philip 
Dykes,  esq.  of  Wiekham  Market. 

Jan,  16.  At  Mendksham,  aged  70. 
Thomas  Frands,  gent. 

/en.  19.  At  Mildenhall,  aged  ?4. 
Richard,  the  youngest  son  of  Wotton 
Isaacson,  esq. 

J<an.  91.  At  Ipswich,  aged  Hi.  Anne, 
nliet  of  the  Rer.  Chas.  Davy,  Rector  of 
Barking,  and  second  dan.  of  the  late  John 
Areemau,  esq.  of  Combs. 

Jan,  39.  CaroUne  Matilda,  wife  of  the 
Rer.  lliomas  West,  and  yonngest  dan.  of 
the  late  Rer.  J.  Ilodgkin,  Rector  of 
Elmswell. 

Jan,  96.  Aged  81 ,  Mrs.  Marianne  Lay- 
ton,  youngest  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Andrew 
Layton,  for  ^^8  years  Rector  of  St.  Mat- 
thew's Ipswich,  and  sister  to  tbe  late  Rct. 
Wm.  Layton,  Rector  of  tbe  same  parish, 
and  also  of  Hehnley,  in  tbe  county.  Of 
the  Rer.  W.  Layton,  who  died  Ptb.  19. 
1831,  a  memoir  will  be  found  in  Vol.  CI. 
i.  373. 

Jan.  99.  At  Ipswich.  ajB^ed  T 1 ,  Eliza- 
beth,  relict  of  Thomas  Cobbold,  esq.  for- 
merly  of  Catton,  Norfolk. 

JFM.  10.  After  only  a  few  days  illness, 
at  East  Dereham,  Hesther-Hildesley  and 
Cttherine  Thomasin  Dickens,  the  only 
two  surriring  sisters  of  Lieut..General 
Sir  S.  Dickens,  of  Copdock  House  near 
Iptwich. 

'SuarnvT.  —  Oct,  10.  IMiss  £mma 
Gibion,  of  Bradston  Brook,  Shalford. 
In  her  will,  which  was  proved  in  NoTem- 
her,  1643,  in  the  PrerogatlTc  Court  of 
Osiiterbury,  are  the  following  legacies. 
Three  per  Cents  Reduced :— -To  the  So- 
ciety for  Promoting  Christian  Knowledge, 
960/.;  to  tbe  Society  for  Promoting 
Christian  Knowledge  among  the  Jews, 
BOOf . ;  to  Christ's    HoepMf,  500^. ;    to 


the  Sociely  for  IVnpagiting  thu  Owjiii  in 
Fbrrign  Perta,  500/. ;  to  the  Chardi  M li- 
eioHry  Society,  2MW.;  to  theSoynl H«- 
mane  Society,  9S0/. ;  to  the  Ilsaf  mH 
D«Bb  Aayhnn,  9501. ;  to  the  Refofe  for 
the  Destitoto.  950/. ;  to  the  Roy«lMirte 
SoeteCy.  950/. ;  to  the  MidiiMBi  Hoe- 
pitnl.  9SOi. ;  to  the  female  Oiftaai', 
950/. :  to  the  Qoeen**  Lyinf^n  He^pitol, 
950/. :  to  the  Widows*  Prted,  8601. ;  to 
the  Indigent  Blind  Society,  99BI.^  to  the 
Orphan  Clefgy.  950/.  ;  to  the  Msfdalsw 
Hospital,  950/. ;  to  the  Adnlt  Orphan 
Society,  950/. ;  Total,  5/100/. 

Jam'.  99.  At  Bgham.  i«ed  «0,  Capt. 
Richard  Storer,  lato  of  the  5l8t  Beg. 

Jan,  99.  At  Okted,  aged  86.  Mary, 
relict  of  John  FOrtesene,  esq.  formeriy  of 
Cook  HiU  HaU,  Woraesta^iiw. 

LaUfy.  At  Riehinond,  Bfary-Cbv- 
lotte,  wife  of  Arthnr  Senndcfe,  esq.  aid 
only  dan.  of  the  late  Col.  Jaa.  Moifaa. 

M.  6.  Sophia,  wife  of  the  Bew.  Chwlii 
Bowles,  Vicar  of  Woking. 

SussEX.—ZVc.  14.  At  Bantonyr  AiB- 
ess,  the  eldest  daughter  of  the  lato  Tho- 
mas Gould,  esq.  of  Nord|Bwe  Plaoe. 

D9C.99.  At  Hastings,  the  R%ht  Hon. 
Patricia  Baroness  Kenrington.  Her  Laiy- 
ship  was  dsnghter  of  Richard  ThOHiaa, 
esq.  and  married  Lord  Kensingtop  in 
1797,  by  whom  she  has  had  a  fuaHy  of 
14  children,  eight  of  whom  are  Irriog. 

Jan.  19.  At  Chiohesler,  aged  74, 
Elisabeth,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Rowland 
Dner. 

Jan,  20.  At  Hastings,  sged  49,  Athel- 
Ketorab-Murra?,  wife  of  the  VeMffnhto 
Sir  Herbert  Oakley,  Bart.  Aichdeaeoa  of 
Colchester  and  Dean  of  Booking,  and  t^ 
cond  dau.  of  Lord  Cbacies  M array  Ayas- 
ley,  formerly  Dean  of  Booking. 

Jan,  22,  At  Hastings,  i«ed  58,  Ri^ard 
Addison  esq.  solicitor,  of  "' 
fiquare. 

Jan,  93.     At  Brighton,  aged  68, 
widow  of  Thomas  Sj^ding,  esq.  of  Kea- 
tish  Town. 

At  Brighton,  aged  59,  John  Leigh 
Penn,  esq. 

At  Glynde,  Pyne,  wife  of  the  Hon.  Go> 
neral  Trevor,  (brother  to  Lord  Deere). 
She  waft  the  second  daughter  of  the  Hon. 
and  Very  Rer.  Maurice  Croebie,  Dean 
of  Limerick,  was  married  first  to  the  kte 
Sir  John  Gordon,  Bart. ;  and,  that  mar- 
riage having  been  dissolved,  secondly,  in 
1606,  to  the  Hon.  H.  O.  Treror.  hj 
whom  she  leares  issue  two  sons  and  three 
daughters. 

FtA.  1.  Aged  73,  Charles  Sashy,  eeq. 
of  Rodmell. 

/M.S.  At  Prinsted  Lodge,  aged  30|» 
Maigaret-EUiabeth,  wife  of  T.  J.  «. 
Barrow,  eiq.  LftiDt.  R.N. 


18440 


Ob1T0ARY. 


333 


Feb.  6.  At  Wamham  Ccttrt,  sgcd  56, 
«iiry  Tredcroft,  esq. 
Warwick. — Jan.  17.  At  the  r«i deuce 
rCvpt.  Rattmy*  ueer  Warwioh,  aged  29^ 
P^iUiaea,  tblrd  son  of  the  late  CharlcA 
attimy,  etq.  M.D.  of  Daventry,  Lieut. 
^Of  Her  Majesty's  R.N, 

At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Prancia  Riifford, 

er,  of  St6urbrtdge. 
Jan.  ^9.     At  Learn iogtoo,  Sarah,  wife 
rSumitel  £dge,  esq.  or  Broom(ieh1»  near 
^  If  anobeater. 

Wo«tw^»R-*-^«iw,  15,     Lydia-Anne, 
au.  of  John  Owon,  eaq.  Worcester. 
Jan.   '^8.      At    Netherlofi*    ag«d    10, 
Frances -M Dry- Ann,  dan.  of  Sir  Edmttnd 
f-e,  Prideatix,  Bart. 

Jan.  ^.     \t  Barbone,  near  Worceater, 
I  80.  EliaabetHi  relict  of  George  Lom- 
priere,  e«q. 

Lately.  At  WomtUCT,  inmea  Halstou, 
I  ieac|. 

At  JUtoa-ballf  OialMrftleyi  A&ne,  wife 

n  Watkioa,  «aq.  of  Beoltford- 

sealerahire. 

ft*.   8,      Charlotte,  wife  of   William 

r,    esq,    of    Wordsley-hufise,    oear 

Howbridfe. 

C4NIK*  —  Nov.  ^.       At   the  Staiths, 

llnilerwelU  "ear  Whithy ,  in  his  4-lth  y«ar, 

fCiieiit  Thomas  EUwarda,  R.N.  second  son 

9f  the  latf  Mr.  John  Edwards,  of  Thorn- 

doQ-hiU. 

Jun,  I.     At  W>8tow»  Mrs.  Stuart,  re- 
Bot  of  the  late  Rc^.  Henry  Stuart,  Hector 
of  Donyhind,  and  vicar  of  Steeple  Bump- 
lte«d«  both  In  Essex. 
Jan.  ^1 .   At  Routhf  one  week  after  her 
nflnetaent*  Matilda,  wife  of  Edward  Wil- 
I  lam  Smithy  esq.  and  only  dau.  of  the  late 
^oL  Matihcll,  of  Beverley, 
Jan,  25.     At  Scarborough  >   Cbarlolte- 
>  Henriettii,    wife    of    Henry  WiUoughhy 
,e*q. 
.4km.  9^     At  Spring-bank,  Harrogate, 
Plfrs.  Ewart,  relict  of  William  Ewart,  esq, 
f^  Liverpoolf  n  A  aaotker  to  the  Member 
for  Dumfries 

At  Moor-houfes,  near  Martha m,  Mr. 
^•Georgo  Whartiji).  Uitc  of  Laverton,  near 
Tirkby  MalzearJ^  at  the  patriarchal  age 
l^f  IH,  Until  within  the  last  two  or 
I  tlbree  years  he  retained  hid  mental  and 
I  •pbyaical  faculties  in  an  extraordinary  way, 
l<fllid  erer  showed  a  disposition  to  ooDceal 
I  8g€  fh>m  inquirers.  He  rememberad 
irben  a  lad  being  present  with  his  mother 
f  at  the  opening  of  one  of  the  first  Wcaleyan 
|«cbapelsin  Loudon,  when  he  hc-arJ  John 
I  Wealey  preach  the  opcniue  sermon. 

Wal«s.— Jot.  14.    At'Mavcifordweat, 
48,  Anna   Maria,  wife  of  Thomas 
^ftokthig,  esq* 

Jm^,  SS.    At  HaveffardwMt^  the  Rev. 


Josiab  Hill^  Wesleyan  minister.  Mr- 
Hill  had  laboured  in  the  minijitry  fifty 
years ;  be  was  highly  popular  in  his  day, 
and  was  well  known  and  highly  respected 
in  Bristol ;  he  was  aa  intim£te  friend  of 
the  late  Rev,  Robert  Hall,  and  of  the  late 
celebrated  John  Foster. 

Jan,  06.  At  Tenby,  aged  7^,  John 
Wedgwood,  eaq.  of  Seabridge,  Stafford, 
ahire. 

Lately.  At  Coed  Coch.  Denbighihire, 
aged  67,  Mary,  wife  of  John  Lloyd 
Wynne,  esq. 

At  Pembroke  Dockynrd,  Isaac  Noott, 
R.N,  surgeon.  He  was  distinguished  for 
his  war  services  ;  served  in  the  boats  of 
the  Meleager,  at  the  capture  of  a  privateer 
off  Cuba  (laod);  was  aorgeon  of  the 
Tweed  at  the  taking  of  Martinique,  1809  ; 
and  of  the  Blake,  on  the  coast  of  Catalo. 
nia,  in  1^12,  and  the  following'  year.  Mr. 
No(>tt  was  one  of  the  suO'erers  from  the 
explosion  of  a  shell  on  board  the  Meden 
tteam-vesaelf  off  Alexandria,  in  1840, 
having  been  severely  wounded  on  that 
occasion. 

At  his  seat,  Bodhilin,  in  the  eo.  of 
Montgomery^  in  bis  69th  year^  John 
Humphreyi»  esq.  only  brother  of  Rear- 
Adm.  Sir  U,  Devonport. 

Scotland,— /on.  IS.  At  Edinburgh, 
aged  '27,  Eiiuibeth  Carre  Rtddell,  second 
duu,  of  the  late  Thomas  Riddetl,  esq. 
younger,  of  Cnmiestr^wn,  Roxburghahire, 
and  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  that  county* 

Jan.  iti.  At  Edinburgh,  agedG9,  retired 
Commander  Thomas  Innes,  R.N.  (1839). 

Jan.  'Jl.  At  West  Park,  near  Elgin, 
Lady  Pennel  Grant,  of  Grant,  sister  of  the 
Right  Hon.  the  E;iri  of  Seatield.  Lady 
Grant  inherited,  iu  a  high  degree,  the 
amiable  and  virtnoua  dbpositionri  of  her 
noble  family.  Retired  and  nnobtrustve  in 
her  habits,  her  chief  enjoyment  eontitted 
i»i  the  exercisi'  of  social  virtues  and  cbHa- 
tian  benevolence. 

Lately.  At  Fodderty,  aged  74,  Major 
Mackenaie.  He  was  au  eminent  agricul- 
timst,  and  may  be  said  to  have  introduced 
the  modem  scientific  system  of  culture 
into  Rosa«shirc,  and  first  applied  lime  to 
the  soil. 

The  Earl  of  Kin  tore  has  met  with  ano- 
ther painful  bereavement  in  the  deatli  of 
one  of  his  daughters,  an  intereadng  child, 
about  10  years  of  age.  who,  while  amnaing 
herself  near  the  top  of  the  btaircase,  at 
Keith  Hall,  fell  over  the  balustrade  and 
alighted  on  the  basement  floor,  a  very 
great  height.  She  was  taken  up  in  a  state 
of  insensibility,  and  died  in  little  more 
than  an  hour* 

Irei.and.^A'W.  21,  From  a  wound 
received  when  ibooting  near  Caille  M»c- 


a34 


OBITCAmT. 


[March, 


garrett,  tged  19,  the  Hon.  Henrj  George 
Monck  Browne,  yonnger  son  of  Lord 
Oranmore. 

Jwa.  15.  John  Richards  Hatchell,  esq. 
barrister-at-law,  and  on  the  1 8th,  Snsan, 
onlj  son  and  eldest  daughter  of  George 
Hatchell,  esq.  of  the  Priory,  Rathfam- 
ham,  coonty  of  Dnblin,  and  grandchildren 
of  the  late  Right  Hon.  John  Philpot  Cnr- 
ran. 

Jan.  9n,  At  Belfast,  the  Hon.  Maria- 
AmabeUScott,  wife  of  Capt.  George  C.  D. 
Lewis,  Royal  Eng.  and  dan.  of  the  late 
and  sister  of  the  present  Lord  Polwarth. 

Lately.  Aged  104,  James  Skelton,  esq. 
M.D.  fither  of  the  Irish  faculty. 

In  his  80th  year,  the  Very  Rcr.  An- 
drew Ktzgerald,  for  many  years  President 
of  the  Catholic  College  of  Carlow.  He 
was  a  student  at  Lonyain,  and  afterwards 
professor  of  theology  in  the  college  of 
Sacro  Corpo  in  Lisbon.  Haring  taken 
the  TOWS  of  St.  Dominic,  he  returned  to 
his  native  country  about  the  beginning  of 
this  century.  He  soon  became  professor 
of  theology  in  Carlow  College,  and  sub- 
sequently president. 

At  Louth,  aged  81,  Hesther  Francis, 
widow  of  Sir  Wm.  Bellingham,  Bart.  She 
was  a  dan.  of  the  Hon.  and  Rcr.  Robert 
Cholmondeley,  son  of  George  third  Earl  of 
Cholmondeley :  was  married  in  1783,  and 
left  a  widow,  without  issue,  in  1826. 

East  Indies.  Lost,  last  May,  in  the 
Bay  of  Bengal,  aged  26,  Captain  George 
Reid  Barclay,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Lieu- 
tenant G.  Callas  Barclay,  R.  N.  of  South- 
town,  near  Yarmouth. 

Nov,  6.  At  Barrackpore,  James-Athill, 
the  eldest  son  of  Augustus  Turner,  esq. 
1st  Regiment  Bengal  Native  Infantry. 

Nov,  26.  At  Bangalore,  five  days  after 
giTing  birth  to  a  son,  Elisa,  wife  of  Lieut. 
H.  F.  Gustard,  6th  Madras  Native  Inf. 
and  eldest  dau.  of  Stefford  North  cote, 
esq.  of  John-st.  Bedford-row. 

At  Mussoorie,  aged  38,  Capt.  George 
Ellis,  of  the  Bengal  Art.  fourth  son  of  the 
late  Lieut. -Col.  Robert  ElUs,  25th  Light 
Dragoons. 

Dtc.  10.  At  Colaba,  Bombay,  aged 
72,  Mr.  Lewis  Andrew  Collett.  He  spent 
51  years  of  his  life  in  India. 

Lately,  General  Cunninghame.  He  had 
been  in  the  service  half  a  century,  and  was 
promoted  to  the  local  rank  of  Lieut. -Gen. 
28th  June,  1838  (the  Coronation  brevet). 

Wbst  Indivs.^Oc/.  26.  In  the  Ber- 
mudas, aged  20,  Thomas,  eldest  son  of 
Samuel  Shalders  Beare,  esq.  of  Norwich. 

In  November  last,  at  Ballynure,  Ja- 
maica, Mrs.  Powell,  relict  of  Thomas 
Powell,  esq.  formerly  of  Henly  Grove, 
Westbury. 


Laietjf.  At  Kingston,  Jamaica,  Lieut. 
John  Alex.  Butcher,  of  the  3d  West  India 
T^g,  He  served  in  the  expedition  into  the 
interior  of  Africa  in  1837,  and  tnbee- 
quently  commanded  the  advanced  guard 
of  an  expeditionary  force  at  the  Cartorboa 
territory. 

Enagn  Thomas  Smith,  of  the  2d  West 
India  Regiment,  son  of  the  respected 
barrack -master  at  Chatham. 

Dr.  Hosack  (1807),  who  aenrwi  in  the 
Peninsular  vrar. 

At  sea,  on  his  pattage  hooM  from 
Antigua,  aged  23,  Hislop  MacGnfor 
Murray,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Migor 
Wood. 

Anno  AD. — Nov.  3.  At  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope,  Charles,  third  son  oi  Uie 
Rev.  Charles  Hughes  Hallett,  of  Higfaaa, 
Kent. 

Dee,  23.  At  Milan,  North  America, 
in  his  31st  year,  James  Jarman,  youngest 
son  of  Jarman  Patrick,  esq.  of  Norwich, 
and  formerly  of  Wiggenhall  St.  German's. 

Dec.  27.  At  Paris,  Charlotte,  rdict  of 
Col.  William  Spencer  Thursby,  second 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Eusebius  Isham, 
Rector  of  Lamport,  co.  Northampton. 

Jan,  1.  At  Madeira,  aged  29,  Thomas 
Hills  Robinson,  esq.  of  t^B  Middle  Tem- 
ple, Barrister-at-Law,  elder  son  oH.  the 
late  George  Robinson,  esq.  of  the  Royal 
Arsenal,  Woolwich. 

Jan.  8.  At  Malta,  aged  25,  Anna,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Dendy,  of  Dorking, 
Surrey,  and  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rer. 
William  Sandford  Wapshare,  Rector  of 
Chitterne,  WUts.  Also,  Dec.  28,  at  Malta, 
Heathfield,  youngest  son  of  the  Rev.  8* 
Dendy,  aged  15  months. 

Jan,  13.  At  Venice,  Lewis  Garland, 
esq.  eldest  son  of  the  late  Peak  Garland, 
esq.  of  Sandridge  Lodge,  Wilts. 

Jan.  19.  At  Florence,  aged  31,  Charlaa 
Alexander  Lushington,  esq.  He  marriad 
Mrs.  Camac,  of  Hastings. 

At  Gibraltar,  aged  71 ,  Edward  Prichard, 
esq. 

Jan.  21.  At  Boulogne-sur-Mer,  aged 
86,  Ann,  relict  of  Capt.  Donat  Finncane. 

Jan,  24.  At  Vienna,  aged  23,  her  Im- 
perial Highness  the  Archduchess  Mari»- 
Carolina-Augusta  of  Austria,  eldest  dan. 
of  their  Imperial  Highnesses  the  Arch- 
duke and  Viceroy  Rainier  and  the  Ardi- 
duchess  Elizabeth .  She  was  to  have  boeft 
married  in  March  next  to  the  Prince  of 
Savoy  Carignan. 

Jan.  27.  Four  days  after  the  birth  of 
a  son,  the  Grand  Duchess  of  OldenlMing. 
Her  Royal  Highness  was  a  daug^iter  of  vSm 
late  KiDg  of  Sweden,  Gustavus  IV.  8hn 
was  born  June  22,  1807,  and  manM  4 
Grand  Dnke  of  Oldenberg  May  ^  im. 


1844.] 


Obituary, 


3S5 


Aged  €3»  M.  Cliarlea  Nodier,  a  dis- 
tiiiguished  tnetiiber  of  the  French  Aca- 
demy,  and  Chief  Librarian  of  the  Arsenal. 
Hia  death  makes  a  third  vacancy  in  the 
Academy. 

Jan*  *i^.  At  Paot  Basses  Pyrcaees, 
aged  24,  Harry  Craven  Hughes ^  third 
Borviving  aon  of  the  late  Rev,  George 
Uaghes^  of  Marden  Ashi»  Essex. 

Lately.  At  Bucnoa  Ayres,  in  conse- 
quence of  fnlliug  from  his  horse,  Lieut. 
Allen,  R.N.  (184 J)  of  the  **  Daphne.*^ 

At  Madrid^  aged  91,  the  mother  of 
General  Mtna. 

Near  Paris,  William  SadUer  Brurire, 
esq.  forroerly  of  Jcaus  college.  Cambridge, 
He  took  the  degree  of  B.A.  1637. 


At  Paris,  Mr.  Beaii,  Proprietor  and 
Editor  of  the  Liverpool  Albion.  He  waa 
first  brought  proiuinenrly  before  the  pub- 
lic by  Mr,  Canning,  as  a  reporter  of  that 
atatesEnan's  speeches  in  Liverpool, 

Aged  nearly  ^4^  Mr.  S.  CottercU,  one 
of  the  victims  slain  in  the  affray  at  New 
Zealand,  son  of  Mr.  F.  Cotterell,  of  Bath, 
a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends.  It 
is  stated  on  the  be«t  authority  that  he 
took  no  part  In  the  affray,  cxeept  as  an 
**  unarmed  peacemaker;'*  that,  during 
the  whole  of  his  aojoum  in  New  Zealand, 
he  was  on  the  best  terms  with  thenatLve4t, 
and  acquired  sullidcnt  of  the  natire  lan- 
guage to  be  enabled  to  converse  with  the 
'*  Maories"  on  religious  subjects. 


r 


Males 
Females 


|'«|43.9 


14319 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

From  the  Rilurnt  ittued  hy  the  Registrar  General, 
Dbatrs  REGiBTEaED  from  Jan.  27  to  Fed.  17,  lS4i,  (4  weeks.) 

Under  15,...,...  1823^ 
15  to  60. 
GO  and  upv^-ards 
Age  not  specifie 
The  disfrict  of  Wandsworth  and  Claphum  (which  up  to  the  present  year  bad 
not  been  included  in  the  Metropolitan  Relurn)  is  now  addtfd,  which  will  account  for 
the  apparent  increase  in  the  number  of  deaths^ 

AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  Feb. SO. 


Wheat. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

s,    rf. 

M.      d. 

x.     d. 

*.    d. 

»,     d. 

55    7 

34  10 

20    2 

34    0   1 

28     9 

PRICE  OF  HOFS»   Feb.  23. 
Sussex  PockctF,  6/.  Off.  to  6/.  Ifw— Kent  Pockets,  6f.  4*.  to  lU.  \5t, 

PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,    Feb.  m 

Hay,  2/.  lOjr.  to  3/.  16* Straw,  H.  6i.  to  1/.  lOt.-^Clover,  3/.  3*.  to  5/.  Of. 

SMITH  FIELD,  Feb.  23,     To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  SIbs. 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market*  Feb.  23. 


Beasts..,. 580       CfUves     89 

SheepairdLauibs    2040      Pigs      283 


Beef ...2#.     6rf.  to  ar.  lOJ. 

Mutton.. 2i.    %d.  to  t^,     6d. 

^Veal 3j.    Sd,  to  4».  lOi* 
Pork...., 3#.  Orf.  to  4i.    4d, 
COAL  MARKET,  Feb.  23. 
Walls  Ends,  from  lb*.  Od.  to  t9f.  3d,  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  \3$,  9d,  to  18«.  9<f. 
TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  4^U.  6rf.      Yellow  Russia,  42#.  6  J. 
CANDLES,  7#.  Orf.  per  doz.     Moulds,  9t,  6d. 
L                                   PRICES  OF  SHARES. 
P         At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Brotiiehs,  Stock  and  Share  Brokcra, 
23,  Change  Alley,  ComhilL 
Birmingham  CauaJ,  17L Ellcsmerc  and   Chester,  65. Grand  Junetion,  155. 
Kcnnet  and  Avon,   9^. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  650.  Regent*s,  244* 
Rochdale,  60. London  Dock  Stock  '^^i                     i.*Hn<*'«  UO. Eaat 

and   West    India,  138,  London  Great 

Western,  32  prem. London  m  Water. 

Works.  65. West  AT- ^1"--  -  ■"-^, 

48, Hope,  8. Cl.^ 

-London  iind  Westju  i     i 

For  Pr! 


396 

METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  bt  W.CARY,  Straiid 

FhMi  Jan.  86,  to  FA.  25,  18U,loM  inchuha. 


Fttbri'Dheit'H  Tberm. 


inn.      •   ' 
^     41 
«7  .  43 

88  ;  47 

89  .  42 
do  ,48  = 
31     36 

F.l.  33 

2  ■'  29 

3  I  33 

4  33 

5  32 

6  33 

7  ;:« 

8  35 

9  [36  , 
10  I  36  • 


47 

48  1 
63  I 
50| 
58  i 
39  I 
37 
33 

35  ! 
37 

•U); 
43  ! 
•U 
U| 
49 


"  iii.pU. 
43  30,86 
45  .  ,86 
48  ,89,88 
50  ,99 
48  :  ,86 
35  .    ,87 


Fahrenheit's  Therm. 


I    We^beiw 


30 
33 

35| 
35| 
32  . 
35} 

37 
3B  - 
35  . 


.65 
,52 
,95 
.56 
.44 
.56 
.89 
.37 
.81 
,50 


I  cloudy  fair 
ido.tlightraio 
'  hvy.  nin  cl. 
cloudy,  fair   || 
do.do.rii.slt.ji 
tn.  storm,  mJ 
cloudy,  feir  >< 
constant  sn. 
cloudy 

I  snow  and  cl. 
jcloudy 

!do.  &ir  jj 

I  do.  rain,  fairj! 
lair,  cloudy  ;j 
do.do.  sn.m.  I 
'si.  rain,  (air  || 


n  !  35  37 
18  !  33  ,  34 

13  >  86     38 

14  .  36     4^ 

15  i  44     46 

16  !  43     46 

17  43     48 

18  43  .  45 

19  45  i  49 

80  I  33     40 

81  35  49 
88  .  38  36 
83     35     40 

24  :  43     4o 

25  I  55     50 


«» 


•     in. 

33 

87 

87 

37 

38  ;89, 

38  ;30, 

44  :89, 

36  ,  , 

33|  , 

35i  , 

39  , 
47  , 
301  . 
45,  . 


73  ijcloadyv  fior 
98  1^0.  do. 

00  i.do.  do. 
04  do.  do. 
96  do.  alL  i«ia 
04  ido.  ftir 
09  do.  do. 
81  jdo.  al.  rain 
35   do.  do.do. ir. 

79  do.  &ir 

.*J0    f^Lsn^wilbm, 
50   do«do,  m.  fvJr 

74  fr.tn.Hitbni. 
87    do,  sLrain 

80  |QQn&t«iiido.f. 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 
P)rom  Jan.  89,  to  Ftb,  86,  1844,  both  ineiusive. 


2& 
30 

31 
1 


10 


g-^ 


PI 


yi 


195| 
195 


961 

98| 

9B| 

98i 

981 

98 

881 

ob} 

98 

9H1 
%A 
98| 

1931    08i 


31031 

igsi 

d]93|1 
71!^ 
i)l93 
193 
198i 


131193 

13193} 

14 

15 

16 

17 

19 

SO 

81 

28 

g.1196 


193ir  98| 

194  I  981 

194  381 

195  m 
195  98| 
]94|;  9Sf 
195il  m 


974 
97| 
97| 

97| 


^ 
§^5 


mi  im 

m  — 

974  ' 

971   

f)7i   ^— 

flTf  , 

071   

971  im 
97|   10311  lorii 
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70  60  pm 

71  70  pm 
71  TDpm 
70  78  pm 

70  TSpm 
69    7tp« 

71  fl9ptt 

71   mpt^ 

69    mfmu 


J.J.  ARNULL,  English  and  Foreign  Stock  and  Share  Broker* 

3^  Baak  Chambera*  Lothbwy. 

J.  9.  KIOBOLt  Am  SOV,  nilfTBM,  85,  FA»HAilBIIT»WMlT« 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

APRIL,  1844. 
By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 

CONTENTS.  rAOK 

Minor  Correspon pence AUtrton   Church,    WilU.— All    Saints  Chtireh, 

Hiutiitgs. — Tlie  Lounger's  Common  Place  Bouk. — Genealogical  luqmriea    338 
The  Ltfk  %xd  Writings  of  thk  latk  William  Taylor  or  Norwich  . . .     339 

Johnsonian  Passagiers  in  Lnngborne'a  Solyman  and  Atmena 3$1 

The  Election  of  Popes— Suctns  V.^Pioub  Frauds— Moaheira'g  notice  of  St. 

Etlgius— Mr,  Somhpy  and  Mr.  Cbarles  Butler 363 

Early  I^ndoii  on  the  banks  of  the  Wall-brook— Anderida—Bur)'  Hill,  Surrey— 

Norbury  and  Stithbnry,  ♦ 366 

Early  Editions  of  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress— Relics  of  Bunyan    368 

The  Pottery  called  Saraiao  Ware — ^ Potters*  marks  found  in  London *  > .      3(t9 

St.  Leonard's  Hospital,  Tickhill,  co.  York  (mth  a  Viftr) 373 

The  Early  History  of  Dorking  and  Capel,  co.  Surrey  . , , 3T4 

Out«rard  Coufes«ionf  and  the  usual  form  of  Coufes&ionals.. .  ••.,  *.., .*      375 

The  Druidieal  Antiquities  of  Kent — Ciicsar's  contest  with  Caawallon  shown  to 

ha?e  been  on  the  hanks  of  the  Medway ..«.,......,.,.... 877 

Tankard  com  memo  rat  it  b  of  Sir  Edmund  Bury  Godfrey , , . . .      380 

Effigy  of  a  Noble  Youth  tit  Haccombe,  co.  Devon  (wUh  a  Plate) 381 

On  the  rules  for  finding  Eojter— the  Mctonie  Cycle, , 382 

Superatitions  of  the  Zetlanders— Trow — Troll— Droll , , ,  *     383 

Advertisements  in  1745— Perri wigs — Library  of  Sir  Chnstopher  Wren , , .     394 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

The  Bowes  Correspondence,  3fej5  ;  Taylor's  Antiquitifs  of  King^s  Lynn»  388  ; 
Shaw's  Alphabets,  Numerals,  &c.  3B9  j  Hngo*s  Hints  for  Railway  Tratel- 
Icrs,  3J>0^  Sterling's  Strafford,  a  Trageily,  392;  TUe  Baptistery,  393; 
Buckler's  Remarks  on  Wayside  Ctiapels,  394  ;  Custine'B  Empire  of  the 
Czar,  397  ;  White's  Ecclesiastical  Law,  399;  Mijtcellaneous  Reviews..  ♦,  399 
LITER AHY    AND  SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE. 

New  Publications,  401  ;   Literary  Fund— Booksellers'  Provident  Institution 

—  City  of  London  School — Sir  B,  Brodic «••*«..»....  , 406 

ARCHITECTURE.— Institute  of  British  Archiiecti,  406;    Oxford  Architec- 

tural  Society,  407  ;  Cambridge  Camden  Society   . , , , 40H 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— Society  of  Antiquaries,  409;  Numismatic 

Society  , I  * ,,......      4lt» 

HISTORICAL    CHRONICLE.— Proceedings  in  Parliament,   411;    Foreign 

News,  412 ;  Donaestic  Occurrences    , , . , •  • * . . .      414 

Promotions  and  PrefermentSt  415;  Births  and  Marriages 416 

OBITUARY  ;  with  Memoirs  of  the  Marqoess  of  Hastings  ;  Viscount  Sidmouth  ; 
Lord  DougLis  ;  Lord  Wallace;  Vice^Admr  Sir  Edward  Brace;  Col,  Sir 
William  Thorn  ;  Lt.-CoU  Driukwater  Bcthunc  ;  Charles  B*  Sheridan,  Esq, ; 
Michael  Fryer,  Esq. ;  John  Moricc,  Esq- ;  Francis  Nicholson,  Esq.;  Rev, 
C.  11.  R.  Rodes;  Mr.  John  Wright ;  Mr,  Duru*et;  Mr.  Wrench,.  ..   419—439 

DsATHfi,  arranged  in  Counties    * .. ,. ,,, 439 

Registrar-Generars  Returns  of  Mortality  in  tbe  Metropolia — ^Markets— Prioef 

of  SK«w»»-  44*^  •  ^f^fiHiroToeical  Diary— Stocks  ••,•..•     448 

Ki  **  Haccowbi,  CO*  Devon ;  and  of  St. 


33S 
MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE, 


L.  mmim,  m  rvplf  to  Mr.  Jamxt 
TBOiif«y  'p.  2^*>.  cQorenuBf  the  al- 
leged macilatioo  of  the  monnmenU  im  tW 
diarrb  of  Ald^ru^o  Utelj  p«Ued  dovB  >ai 
rehmiit  bj  Mr.  TkomKm,  that  h«  (U; 
wrote,  M  he  itated.  from  the  informiiiaB 
of  aooCher  penon.  aad  that  be  catmmkj, 
am  be  DOW  mftdentandf «  used  too  tlroa^ 
«i  expref  sioa  when  be  sM^rrted  that  those 
Booameota  bad  beat  **  cai  ' 
■■rilatrd  ia  a  oMst  dkfraccfal 
Haviai^  made  thia  apolofj  for  a 
cxaggcrafed  ftattmeof,  ll  fttll  complaiM 
than  mmfdknreh  ahoold  bfoemtirfif  pmiied 
down,  when,  i/  cbwch  accoMinodatiai  vaa 
i«|oired,  aa  aiale  or  a  traaiept  sifbi 
casilj  be  added,  aad  that,  ia  thia  caie, 
tbc  example  of  what  baa  been  doae  at  the 
eborch  of  G  ri  ttletoa  wai  near  at  baad.  Aa 
to  replaeiai^  monnisenta  **  aa  near  to  the 
fpraier  potitiooa  aa  covld  be  roaveaieatly 
dime/'  we  aU  know  the  difiemltT  that 
•Cteada  nch  wholeaale  removab,  not  to 
•cation  the  deftn&ction  of  all  old  aaao- 
datioot  of  locaKty.  More  merit  ia  ae- 
qnired  b j  jadieioaa  preaerratioo  aad  cba* 
ncteriatic  additiona,  if  reqvired,  to  am 
ancient  bnildiog,  than  by  nmainf^  vp  a 
aew  edifice  in  order  to  become  the  archi* 
iect  of  the  whole.  IVe  have  no  objection 
to  the  *^  «di6caTit "  if  the  architect  deatrea 
it ;  what  we  vehemently  do  and  •ball  ever 
protest  agaioat,  ia  the  "  dimit.*' 

In  reply  to  the  inqoiry  in  p.  256  we 
are  informed  that  a  abort  accoant  of  Misa 
Catherine  M.  Fanihawe  was  inaerted  in 
the  Obituary  pablitbed  by  Longman  and 
Co.  for  1834.  It  haa  a  misprint.  "  On 
the  death  of  Minnet,**  shoald  be  '*  On  the 
death  of  the  Minaet."  She  etched  a  few 
more  than  14  plates ;  bat  none  were  for  aale 
except  one  of  a  rery  aged  woman,  of  which 
a  oonsidembie  nomber  were  diaposed  of 
amongst  and  by  her  friends  for  the  benefit 
of  the  person  represented. 

We  are  informed  by  W.  S.  W.  that  the 
boly-water  stoap  at  Hastings  engraTcd  in 
onr  last  number,  is  not  at  the  entrance  of 
8t.  Clement's  bat  in  the  porch  of  All 
Saints  Church.  <*  In  the  chancel  of  the 
fame  church  there  are  three  aedilia  of  the 
perpen'itcoUr  style  in  good  condition,  and 
a  piscina  broken  ao  aa  to  expose  the  dnct. 
The  roof  of  the  belfry  (which  is  on  the 
ground  floor,)  '%%  somewhat  peculiar.  On 
a  amall  stone  over  the  entrance  to  tha 
porch  that  contains  the  stoup  is  a  small 
cross.  There  is  a  tradition  that  parts  of 
this  church  were  built  before  the  Con-* 
quest.  I  found  no  trace  of  such  antiquity 
when  I  visited  it  last  autumn.  It  seems 
to  have  been  rebuilt  at  an  early  part  of 
the  15th  or  at  the  end  of  the  14th  century. 
There  are  tome  fragmenta  of  painted  panel 


iaapcv  BortkecaBt  csd  of  tkc  Bor6i 
aide,  which  may.  perhaps,  hare  once 
part  of  tke  rood  screes." 

F.  R.  S.  iaqaires  who  was  the  coaqmler 
of  the  *-  I»afcr's  Coaaum  Place  Book.* 
athirdeditioaof  whach  was  pabhahed  in 
1 90S.  la  tl»e  article  *'  Manoa  L'Escant.*' 
lie  deaoibca  himself  as  baring  bcea  n:uier 
■mflar  etrcsmstaaoes  aa  her  lover,  aad 
that  the  object  of  all  his  hopes  aad  liean 
ra  aa  wordless  as  Maaoa,  and  evca  oat- 
stripped  her  ia  tUgitJoaa  enormity.  In 
ToL  •?,  part  ?,  of  the  Geatieasaa*9  Maga. 
aae,  pa«e4l6,  ia  a  letter  respectiag  the 
aafhtir  if  the  liacs  commcscuiig 
^  Who  e'er  like  aw  with  treaahii^  an* 

goiah  briaga,** 
who  ia  there  aaid  to  be  Dr.  Hawkeavrorth, 
and  that  they  were  vrrittca  oa  hia  wife, 
bat  abe  survived  him.     Our  correspondent 
reqaesta  farthertaforsatioa  oa  the  subject. 

A.  U.  &  woald  fca  obbged  for  aay 
geacslogical  asaiftamre  or  iaforwwtMMi 
respecting  the  following  famiHra,  aamdy  : 

I.  Engaine.  In  1200  Titaiis  Engain 
Bade  partitioB  vrith  Wm.  de  Cantelnpe 
of  the  manor  of  Badsasandfield,  in  SaJTolky 
as  heirs  of  Wwu  de  CarteaaL  Row  was 
|hif  heirship,  aad  to  what  branch  of  the 
Coartnay  £uiily  did  thia  Wm.  de  Car- 
tenai  belong  ?  Thia  Yitalia  ia  stated  to 
hare  marrwd  Roeae,  one  of  the  three 
and  en-heirs  of  the  hooor  of  Moat- 
Who  was  this  Roeae  ?  no  sw- 
'ia  giren  in  any  printed  worka  of 
refercBce* 

3.  Roos,  of  Gedney,  Lincolnahire.  temp. 
1400.  One  of  this  family  married  a  Roch> 
ford,  aad  an  heiress ;  snbseqaently  a  Til- 
■ey :  how  was  thia  family  connected  with 
the  Roos  of  Belroir  ? 

3.  Cheney,  of  Fen  Ditton,  Cambridge- 
shire,  temp.  1480.  Hia  heiress  married 
a  TQaey ;  to  vrhat  branch  of  the  Chenev 
^■ilydidhebeloag? 

4.  fiwglu  idnt^  Bargh,  of  Gains- 
boniigh»  stated  to  descend  from  Hubert, 
a  yoanger  aoa  of  Habert  Earl  of  Kent ; 
bat  no  pedigreo  is  pren.  Can  this  be 
supplied? 

5.  Wilaon,  of  Merton,  Surrey,  temp. 
ICOO.  This  fiuaily  is  ia  exittenee  aa  Lord 
Pqacrs.  Fkom  whom  and  whence  were 
^e  early  branch  deaceaded,  and  how  con- 
nected with  the  Wilsima  of  KnighUhorp, 
Leioestershire,  whose  inheritance  lately 
fell  to  Lord  Bemers  ?  How  are  the  ex- 
i$ting  branches  bearing  the  same  name 
connected  with  the  Lord  Bemers  ? 

BsRATA.— In  pp.  157  and  158 /«w  Preston, 
rMd  Prascott ;  ia  p.  169  /w  Pariaet,  read 
nu-isot ;  and  ibid.  I.  21,  for  encore,  read  en- 
cor.— In  Loodiniana,  No.  VIII.  p.  356,  for  the 
younger  Fliay,  read  the  elder  Pliny.  P.  399, 
line  S,/ar  Bntish  coin,  read  British  urn. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


A  Memoir  of  the  Life  and  Writingts  of  the  Inte  William  Taylor  of  Norwich » 
By  J.  W,  Robberds,  RG,S.  2  vols, 

THESE  volumes  contain  the  life,  drawn  at  foil  length,  of  a  pcnnn  as 
little  known  to  tlie  world  in  jreneral  as  he  was  highly  esteemed  b)  his  own 
circle  of  friends,  aiid  by  those  select  few  who  are  couversanf  with  ibe 
literttturc  of  tlieir  country,  past  and  present.  His  provincial  celt^brity  was 
great  indeed,  and  he  may  be  said  to  have  formed  the  brightest  star  in  the 
brilliant  constellation  of  the  Taylors.  He  p4)ssessed  a  i^reat  variety  of 
attainment,  extensive  knowledge  rather  than  profound  learning,  a  poetical 
genios,  iind_,  we  think,  also  a  critical  taste  and  feeling  of  a  hiji^h  class* 
His  viev\s  were  original,  his  mind  natnraJly  strong,  much  exercised  by 
study  and  reflection,  and  the  various  weapons  of  his  intellectual  armoury^ 
were  kept  always  bright  and  sharpened  by  use.  He  passed  his  life  in 
reviewing  the  works  of  other  writers,  though  able  to  rank  in  the  foremost 
class  of  literature  himself.  But  he  had  no  literary  vanity*  and  the  thief 
reward  of  his  labours  was  derived  from  the  pleasure  found  in  the  exercise 
of  his  faculties,  80  he  deliglited  in  working  diligently  year  after  year 
under  ^ound  j  only  a  certain  small  number  of  friends  and  otwervers  knew 
iu  what  direction  his  subterranean  labours  lay  j  but  at  intervals  he  appeared 
on  the  surface,  built  up  some  httle  graceful  inoiiunient  of  his  skiU»  as  his 
book  on  Synonyms,  and  then  dived  down  again,  shovelUng  and  turning  a 
vast  deal  of  dirt  and  rubbish  aboot  in  reviews  and  magazines,  yet  lighting 
up  these  dark  and  mysterious  chambers  with  the  radiations  of  his  own 
original  genius  We  were  born  rather  too  late  to  recollect  much  of  his 
criticid  prodyctious,  or  to  sympathize  uith  the  various  authors  who 
sniarted  under  bis  pen  ;  but  the  few  s{>ecimeTis  which  the  editor  has 
given  are  in  every  way  favourable  to  Mr,  Tayloi*8  high  reputation^  and 
prove  him  to  have  been  a  very  acute  and  accomplished  critic.  In  novelty 
of  remark,  in  acuteness  in  detecting  the  defects  of  a  8tor\',  in  taste  in 
estimating  its  merits,  in  power  of  pointing  out  where  the  pectdiar  strength 
or  weakness  of  the  writer  lay,  in  force  and  vigour  of  style,  in  variety  and 
richness  of  allusion,  we  think  that  Mr.  Taylor  does  not  fall  short  of  »om€ 
of  the  roost  celebrated  crrtftsmfn  in  the  present  day;  but  he  wanted 
their  more  temperate  expression,  their  cooler  judgment,  tfielr  greater 
knowledge  of  society,  and  their  t>ecoming  deference  to  public  feeling  and 
dpinion.  Mr.  Taylor  coold  sometimes  discuss  a  subject  with  all  the  di«- 
pawkmate  judgment  and  the  dialectic  accuracy  of  Aristotle  ;  at  others  he 
seemed  only  to  delight  in  the  wayward  and  uncertain  flightiness  of  the  worst 
newspaper  school  of  criticism.  Right  or  wrong,  of  hia  unbins;fed  opinion  he 
never  makes  a  sacrihce,  while  his  judgments  are  generally  fallowed  by  ndc- 
qnate  reasons.  His  observations  on  Mr.  Sotithey's  poems,  as  given  iu  the 
present  very  interesting  correspondence,  are,  for  the  most  part,  satisfac 
tory  to  U0t  atid  were  seldom^  we  think,  rejected  by  the  author  hiia«elf :  they 


340  Life  and  JVriiMgi  of  the  laie  [April, 

proceed  from  a  mind  habituated  to  consider  the  principles  aud  anderstand 
the  laws  on  which  the  productions  of  the  poetical  art  are  foaDded.  He 
had  the  true  feeling  and  knowledge  of  the  poetical  critic  and  connoisseur; 
with  a  sagacious  eye  he  saw  all  deviations  from  nature  and  truth, 
whenever  presented  to  him.  In  such  cases  he  shews  no  want  of  sobrietv 
of  thought  ;  his  views  aie  discriminating,  decisive,  and  to  the  point.  But 
then,  as  if  tired  with  the  oppression  of  his  dull  sojourn  u|ion  earth,  be 
flies  upward  at  once  into  the  regions  of  the  air.  and  there,  amid  the  flas'hes 
of  his  own  imagination,  gambolling  in  a  grotesqne  creation  he  has  reared 
around  him,  he  seem »  to  amuse  himself  with  the  wonder  and  excitement 
that  ho  is  raising  in  the  crowd  below.  There,  lord  of  the  realm  he  moves 
in,  he  revels  at  will  amid  airy  speculations,  plausible  conjectures,  bold 
paradoxes,  ingenious  and  novel  theories,  and  even  such  strange  and  por- 
tentous heresies,  on  the  most  awful  subjects  that  lie  on  this  side  of  the 
grave,  as  never  issued  but  from  the  rank  hotbed  of  a  Teutonic  brain.  In 
this  way,  sometimes  a  brilliant  shower  of  rockets  was  seen  by  its  startled 
readers  exploding  in  the  still  and  tranquil  atmosphere  of  the  Monthly 
Review,  or  some  new  hyfiothesis  was  advanced  amidst  the  flashes,  and 
sparkles,  and  scintillations  that  illuminated  far  and  wide  all  the  pages  of 
Sir  K.  Philips 's  Magazine.  In  vain  the  more  cautious  proprietom  ex- 
postulated and  remonstrated,  hoping  to  arrest  the  fatal  progress  of  their 
impetuous  contributor  by  their  control,  and  trusting  that  at  their  will, 

**  Et  mioax,  quodtic  roluere,  pootu 
Unda  recumbit.** 

No  !  in  vain  they  strove  !  he  had  the  talisman  of  eloquence,  and  his  magic 
structures  rose  at  his  conrnand,  and  no  mortal  power  could  dissolve  them. 
Yet  tiie  friendly  owners  of  the  work  bore  with  his  eccentricities  for  the 
sake  of  his  talents.  In  him  they  felt  they  had  a  critic  equal  to  the  en- 
counter of  any  task  they  could  command  ;  and,  whenever  the  prey  was 
noble  and  worthy  tlie  chase,  they  let  fly  the  bird  of  iK>weiful  pinion,  and 
gave  him  his  own  scope  for  flight,  that  he  might  carry  through  the 
crowd  of  alarmed  and  angry  authors 

**  The  terror  of  bis  beak  and  lightning  of  his  eye.'* 

Those  fond  vagaries  of  a  fertile  brain,  and  of  a  somewhat  singular  and 
wayward  mind,  instead  of  disappearing  as  youth  de|)arted,  seemed  to  gain 
strength  with  ad\*ancing  life,  looked  to  every  friendly  quarter  for  support, 
and  advanced  with  a  more  n'solutc  deBancc  of  opposition.  Some  of  his 
friends  were  alarmed,  some  disgusted,  and  one  unhappily  ap|>car8  to  have 
been  alienated,  whom  he  knew  the  longest  and  loved  the  best.  Once  he 
tried  to  engage  Mr.  Soutliey  in  his  toils, — but  he  knew  the  friendly 
heresiarch,  then  his  host — laughed  him  ofl*,  and  promised  to  engage  with 
him  on  the  top  of  Skiddaw.  Among  Iti^  theol^Mns — lemnuis — what  shall 
we  call  them?  for  in  his  ouii  mind  he  assumed  the  truth  of  what  he 
advanced  for  discussion — sonic  of  the  following  appear  to  be  the  fore- 
most :  that  the  Iliad  and  Odyssey  were  written  by  Tliales.  who  called 
himself  Homer,  as  Macpherson  called  himself  Ossian  ;  that  Wilkes  wrote 
Junius's  Letters  ;  that  Shakespeare  made  his  first  appearance  in  London 
under  the  name  of  Ciiristoplier  Marlouc;  that  Sesostris  was  Joshua,  and 
Nebuchadnezzar  aud  C'yrus  were  the  same  person  ;  that  Protestantism 
did  not  imi)rove  civil  liberty,  but  brought  on  fanaticism  and  tyranny ;  that 
the  Phoenix  was  an  allegory  under  which  was  concealed  the  philosophy  of 


18440  JViiliam  Tayhr  of  Norwich,  34 1 

^metg  ;  tlmt  there  were  two  Hebrew  writers  of  the  name  of  Daniel,  one 
of  vvlioui  ivns  tlie  finest  uriter  of  odes  in  the  uorld  ;  mui  lastly,  as  the 
bead  Bud  front  of  pr»radoxical  and  he resi radial  ofl'ence,  that  Zachary  wrote 
i\w  two  fir^t  chapters  of  St.  Luke,  and  meant  to  ht)ld  himself  out  as 
the  fathet  of  Jesus  and  of  John  the  Baptist  ;  and  lastly,  that  Jesus  Christ 
wrote  the  wiijdom  of  Solomon  after  the  Crocifis.ion,  and  translated  the 
aj>ocryphnl  Ecelesiasticns  from  the  Hebrew  of  his  gruudfather  Hillel, 
and  that  Panthebm  was  his  theology.  Alas  !  thai  so  strong,  ^o  sounds  so 
vigorous  a  mind,  and  so  good  a  hearty  should  hax^e  been  led  astray  into 
Buch  strange  and  dangerous  paths,  aud  wasted  its  strength  in  endeavour- 
ing to  bestow  life  and  reality  on  such  foul  and  shapeless  formsj  thinking, 
by  its  ov\u  plaaiic  power,  to  give  them  vitality  and  endurance,  and  pro- 
cure them  admission  aud  ackiiowk'dgiJ?-ent  nmorg  the  severe  and  jealous 
body  of  historic  tnitli  ;  but  there  is  a  far  fairer  (iicture  of  his  mind  in  other 
parts  of  the  book  ;  and  mneh  we  think  of  this  objectioDiihlc  liberty  or 
licentiousness  of  thong^ht  arose  from  t!ie  circumstances  iu  which  he  was 
placed  ;  MIS  religion  allowed  him  unlimited  freedom  of  inquiry — ^it  shocked 
no  prejudices,  it  opposeti  no  tenuts,  it  ran  contrary  to  no  habits  of  calm 
and  cautious  reverence  whieh  others  are  used  to  bring  to  the  study  of  the 
Scriptures.  The  claim  to  liljerty  of  tliought  is  the  very  existence  of 
dittsent,  and  Mr.  Taylor  was  an  Unitarian.  Mr.  Taylor  also  had  lived  in 
Germany,  and  lie  says  that  *'  we  have  no  conception  of  the  intensity  of 
German  in  fidelity.''  Nor  do  we  think  the  comparatively  confined  circle 
of  a  provincial  town  to  have  been  favourable  to  the  discij  line  or  de- 
velopenieut  of  Mr,  Taylor *s  meutal  powers  and  habits.  The  enlarged 
society  of  the  metropolis  would  soon  have  swept  half  these  mouldy 
cobwebs  of  the  brain  away.  For  him  it  might  have  been  more  fortunate 
had  he  been  placed  in  a  larger  field,  amid  more  numerous  companions  and 
rivals  of  Lis  fame,  especially  there  where  the  asperities  of  our  solitary 
Judgment  are  more  than  lu  any  other  ])!ace  softened  down  by  inter- 
course, and  the  sirtgularities  of  private  opinion  corrected  by  the 
knowledge  and  wisdom  of  a  more  extended  aud  enlightened  society. 

But  we  must  now  hasten  to  the  more  pleasing  part  of  our  task,  of  giving 
a  short  narrative  of  Mr.  Taylor*s  life,  such  as  may  induce  some  of  oor 
readers  to  turn  to  the  larger  and  ex[»anded  view  of  it  they  will  find  in 
the  original  jjublication  j  aud  then  we  shall  add  some  extracts  from  the 
very  interefttiug  correspondence  between  him  and  Mr.  Southey,  with  those 
observations  of  our  own  that  may  tend  to  explain  the  literary  allusions  aud 
anecdotes  ;  for,  indeedi  only  considered  in  a  literary  point  of  view,  those 
letters  are  vtiry  valuable,  being  the  productioo  of  two  very  able  and  accom- 
plished men,  both  of  great  literary  ardour  and  extensive  acquaintance  with 
ixjoks.  There  is  also  a  spirit,  an  ease,  and  a  freedom  m  Mr.  fjouthey's  part 
of  the  correspondence  that  makes  its  perusal  very  gratifying  j  a  plciising  and 
uuafiected  tune  that  suems  to  slide  into  our  confidence  and  esteem,  though 
turning  so  much  on  his  own  feelings,  prospects,  and  pursuits  ;  while  the 
entire  frauknesi  of  Mr.  Taylor*9,  and  the  unbending  and  genuine  sincerity 
of  his  remarks  and  criticisms  on  the  productions  of  his  friend's  genius^ 
ahew  that  their  friendship  was  founded  on  a  confidence  that  the  roost 
extreme  diflVrcnce  of  opinion  on  important  subjects  did  not  afiect,  and  which 
speuka  most  favourably  of  the  temper  and  disposition  of  both  parties.  Men 
of  little  abilities  aud  poor  acquirements  cannot  endure  to  have  anything 
pared  offj  even  by  the  tender  and  timid  band  of  friendship;   but  geniasi 


! 


348  Li/k  mid  Wrkmf$  qftkikU  tAprll, 

rich  iu  its  owD  resources,  can  afford,  like  Antony, '' to  drop  plates  from  hi 
pocket/*  and  not  feel  itself  the  poorer. 

The  father  of  William,  or,  as  he  chose  to  call  himself,  iVUhdm, 
Taylor  was  a  respectable  manufacturer  at  Norwich ;  his  mother, 
Sarah,  the  second  daughter  of  Mr.  John  Wright  of  Diss  in  tht  oounty 
of  Norfolk.  Their  son  was  born  in  that  city  on  the  7th  Not.  1765  } 
he  was  an  only  child,  and  being  destined  to  become  a  partner  is  his 
father's  business,  which  was  principally  an  export  trade,  particular  atten- 
tion was  paid  to  his  acquiring  a  perfect  knowledge  of  the  languages  most 
used  in  communicating  with  the  foreign  correspondents  of  the  house.  At 
an  eariy  age  he  was  placed  under  the  Rcf.  John  Bruckner,  pastor  of  the 
French  and  Dutch  Protestant  churches  in  Norwich,  author  of  the  Thforie 
du  Syst^me  Animal,  and  of  some  Observations  on  the  Diversions  of 
Purley,  printed  in  1790,  under  the  name  of  Cassauder.  He  grounded  his 
pupil  in  the  elements  of  the  French,  and  in  the  general  principles  of 
language.  William  Taylor  then  entered  into  the  academy  of  the  Rer.  IU 
Barbauld,  minister  of  the  Presbyterian  congregation  at  Pajgrave,  near  Diss* 
the  husband  of  a  lady  whose  name  is  so  honourably  distinguished  in  litera- 
ture,* both  as  a  poet  and  an  essayist.  Amongst  Taylor's  companions  at 
school  was  Frank,  afterwards  Dr.*  Sayers,  and  this  early  acquaintance  led 
to  an  after  friendship  which  lasted  during  the  lives  of  the  respective 
parties.  In  1779  he  quitted  Palgrave  before  he  had  completed  his  foar* 
teeuth  year,  and  made  his  first  excursion  to  the  continent.  He  was  ac- 
companied by  Mr.  Casenave,  who  conducted  the  foreign  correspondence  of 
his  father's  house  ;  and  in  his  company  he  travelled  through  the  Nether- 
lands, France,  and  Italy,  stopping  weeks  and  months  in  some  plaoes> 
partly  to  perfect  himself  in  the  language  of  the  countries,  and  partly  to  be 
instructed  in  those  commercial  negotiations  which  were  to  be  his  fbtare 
occupation.  His  attention  to  these  points,  and  his  general  observations, 
are  recorded  in  a  correspondence  he  maintained  with  his  father  and  mother. 
He  wrote  both  in  French  and  Italian,  and  the  short  specimens  given  in  the 
biography  shew  an  extraordinary  quickness  of  apprehension  in  the  pro- 
ficiency he  had  attained  in  so  short  a  time,  considering,  too,  that  he  was 
only  in  his  boyhood.  In  January  1781  he  returned  to  England,  and  in 
the  following  April  left  Norwich  in  company  with  Mr.  Schwarts,  a  foreign 
merchant.  They  first  visited  the  manufacturing  towns  in  England,  and, 
then  embarking  at  Margate,  reached  Ostend  the  following  diay.  They 
remained  a  few  weeks  at  Brussels,  and  in  July  arrived  at  Detmokl  in  West- 
phalia, where  it  had  been  arranged  that  William  Taylor  should  pursue  hb 
study  of  German,  under  the  care  of  Mr.  Roederer,  a  native  of  Alsace,  who 
was  a  Protestant  minister  of  that  town.  He  read  Lavater  and  admired 
Klopstock,  and  by  the  end  of  the  year  had  acquired  such  facility  in 
writing  German  that  Mr.  Roederer  complimented  him  with  the  title  of  the 
Ger!!:jn  Pliny.  He  returned  to  England  by  way  of  Cassel,  Goettingen, 
and  Weimar,  with  letters  of  introduction  to  Angelica  Kaufmann,  Goethe^ 
and  Schloetser  ;  but  no  notice  is  given  of  his  interviews  with  any  of  them. 
He  proceeded  to  Berlin  and  Dresden,  and,  soon  after  embarking  for  Eng* 

*  But  not  in  the  late  edition  of  BoswelTs  Johnson,  see  to),  vi.  p.  S8,  wlierB  the 
note  of  tlie  editor  it  ai  follows :  "  Mist  Letitia  Aikin,  who  married  Mr.  Barfoaahl, 
and  pullishfd  Easy  Lessons  for  Children,  &c.  &c.  C.*'  Poll  justice  is,  however, 
done  to  bcr  by  a  master's  hand,  in  the  Memoir  of  Sir  James  Mackintosh,  vol.  i.  P. 
441.8.— Rev. 


1844.] 


IFiWtflM  Tayhr  of  Norwich* 


94i 


land,  arrived  at  NorwicU  in  October  of  tbat  year,  William  Tnylor  was  novir 
seventeen  yearn  of  age,  and  after  bis  return  he  applied  !iimse)f  asMduously 
to  tbe  labours  of  the  counting- bouse  ;  but,  accustomed  to  rise  early*  be 
devoted  the  morning  hours  to  study,  before  the  business  of  the  day  com- 
menced. There  were  several  perfons  of  talent  and  literary  reputation 
then  residing  at  Norwich,  araong  whom  may  be  menlinned  Di\  Enfield, 
Sir  James  Smithy  Dr,  Lubbock,  Mrs.  Opie,  Dr  Middleton,  and  others. 
The  parents  of  Wlliam  Taylor  were  originally  Presbyterians,  subsequenlly, 
according  to  no  imiisnal  progression,  Unitarians  :  and  in  this  communitjf 
he  was  trained  np  :  his  chief  intimacy  was  with  bis  early  friend  Sayers, 


"  U  was  noir/^  he  uys,  m  bb  Life  of 
SiycrB  (p*  3cLt,)^  **  tbat  our  frieadsUlp  be- 
caint!  trntj  inttrnse.  Id  his  soctetj  were 
alfrnys  found  both  ioBtruction  atid  de^ 
lifht;  at  tbii  ttme  1  first  fancied  my 
aodety  wu  become  of  value  to  bim.  I 
ooald  describe  Paris,  and,  what  be  more 
delighted  to  hear  about,  Rome  and  Nuplr 9. 
The  literature  of  Germany,  then  altuoft 
unknown  in  England,  I  bad  perraitioei*/ 
studied,   and  wai  eager  to  diiplay  i  and 


frequcntlj  I  tramlated  for  his  amusement 
such  passages  as  appeared  to  oie  remarka- 
ble for  sio^laritj  or  beauty,  \Vc  read 
tbe  same  Eogltsh  books,  in  order  to  com- 
ment tbem  when  we  met.  My  moro- 
iag  walk  was  commoolj  directed  to 
Thorpe  ;  we  prolouged  the  stroll  on  the 
then  uniu closed  heath,  and  be  frecjucntly 
returned  with  me  to  Norwich,  dined  at 
my  father's  Uble,  and  took  me  back  to 
tea  with  his  mother.*' 


Taylor  says  of  Savers  that  be  was  then  *' decidedly  tbe  bolder  theologian 
of  tbe  two;  a  relation,"  be  adds^  *'  which  was  afterwards  to  be  reversed.'* 
Though  be  was  now  taken  as  a  partner  in  his  father's  business,  and  bis 
interest  in  its  welfare  of  course  pro|>artionally  increased*  yet  nothing  could 
detach  him  from  tbe  pursuit  of  \ih  studies  j  be  read  tbe  best  writers  in 
poetry,  history,  travels,  |ihilolog\%  metaphysics,  and  theology*  He 
added  a  knowledge  of  SSpanisb  to  his  other  languages*  In  a  visit  he  paid 
to  Edinburgh  he  IxTame  acquaitited  with  Sir  James  Mackintosh,  who,  ia 
one  of  bis  letters,  humorously  describes  Taylors  fondness  for  paradox 
both  in  tbe  formation  of  bis  style  and  in  tbe  tenor  of  his  opinions," 

*•  I  an  still  truce,"  be  mTitca,  *♦  Wil- 
liam Taylor  by  his  Armeuian  dreas,  gUd- 
Itig  tbrou($h  the  crowd,  in  Annual  Re- 
ficws.  Monthly  Maj^azines^  Atheuieums, 
lke»  rousing  the  stopid  public  by  paradox, 
or  eorrecrtiDf  it  by  naefal  or  seasonable 
tntlb.  It  is  true  that  be  does  not  speak 
tbe  Aroieaiaa,  or  any  language  but  the 
T^ytorian :  but  I  am  so  fond  of  bia 
▼i|X)ur  and  originality,  that  for  his  sake  I 

Iq  1788  Taylor  paid  a  iecond  viait  to  Edinburgh,  where  bis  friend 
Sayers  was  there  studying  iu  tbe  School  of  Medicine,  but  who  now  re- 
turned and  settled  in  Norwich,  and  who  soon  afti-r  published  bis  Dramatic 
Sketches  of  Northern  Mythology,  dedicating  the  volume  to  Taylor  as 
•*  the  ofl'ering  of  an  attachment  early  forraed  and  uninterrupted,*'  which 
was  always  prized  by  Taylor  ns  '*  the  dearest  and  proudest  trophy  of  bis 
life."  In  the  year  1788  the  centenary  of  the  Revolution  was  celrhrated 
generally  in  England,  and  a  meeting  held  at  Norwich  for  that  pnrf><*«^r  led 
to  the  formation  of  a  local  •*  Revolution  Society/*  oi  which  the  Tavl.irs, 
both  father  and  son,  were  active  supporters,  and  this  love  of  liberty  led 
William  Taylor  to  France  in  1790.  On  landing  at  Calais  he  kissed  the 
land  of  liberty,  nmpleclitur  teilurem*  and,  arriving  at  Paris,  fuuud  himself 
'  at  the  well'head  of  philosophical  legislation/'  and  he  observer  "  that  for 


have  studied  and  teamed  hit  laogiaage. 
As  tbe  Hebrew  Is  studied  for  odc  book^ 
so  u  the  Tayhrian  by  me  for  cue  author. 
He  never  deigns  to  write  to  me  but  ia 
print.  I  doubt  whether  be  baa  manj 
readers  who  ao  much  understand,  relUh, 
and  tolerate  him,  for  which  he  ought  to 
reward  me  by  aoiue  of  bi$  manuscript 
esoterics.*' 


I         ai  me 


341  Uife  €Md  Wrkhf^  c/Ae  bit  [April, 

tLLs  Ikud  it  vras  reierred  to  o?er  the  finest  spectacle  trhich  ^te  mind  of  Deity 
can  coLtcmpIate,  that  of  a  nzLtioo  of  heroes  obe}-iEie  by  choice  a  seoatc  of 
ares  *  After  this  ne  Lear  iiiiie  of  his  poetical  opiciocs,  for  the  Norwich 
Rev*/  rl>>D  Scoety  silently  expired,  and  Taylor's  enthusiasm  was  Iraried  in 
the  ^r-.int:  grare,  at  least  Le  t4>-*k  no  promineLt  or  conspicuoos  part  in  politics 
after  this  time.  His  literary  character  in  his  natire  town  was  now  in 
high  r*  pDte  :  he  was  zealoos  in  the  formation  of  the  XiTwich  Pablic  Library 
in  17*^4.  of  which  he  was  SGbscqoently  appointed  president.  He  belonged 
also  t')  two  societies  established  in  1790,  called  "  the  Toscolan  *  and  '-  the 
SpecnlatiTe.'  In  the  year  following,  in  cooseqoenoe  of  the  Norwich  trade 
btirg  in  a  declining  state  from  the  alteration  in  the  commerdal  relations 
CD  the  CoDtinfLt.  William  Taylor  persuaded  his  father  to  withdraw  their 
capital  and  retire  from  business.  The  property  they  took  with  them  ap- 
peared sufficient  to  ^npply  the  comforts  and  eren  elegancies  of  Hie,  and 
William  Taylor  wu  now  at  fall  liberty  to  stroU  aboot  Pkmassns,  and  bathe 
in  the  Heliconian  waters  as  he  pleased.  The  6rst  prodnctioD  of  hb  pen 
was  also  one  of  the  most  popular,  liz.  his  Translation  of  Burger's  ballad 
of  Lenore  ;  it  was  written  in  179i>,  though  not  printed  till  1796,  when  it 
appeared  in  the  Monthly  Magazine  for  March.  It  was  heard  with  ad- 
mirationmhen  re«.d  in  Dngald  Stewart's  house,  and  Mrs.  Barbanld  sa\^  that 
it  maJe  Walter  Scott  a  poet.*  The  same  pi^m  was  translated  by  Scott 
himself  under  the  title  of  William  and  Helen,  aLd  by  the  Hon.  W.  Spencer. 
It  appears  to  oi  that  Taylor's  is  on  the  whole  the  best  translaiioo,  bot 
that  each  of  the  three  has,  in  some  separate  stanzas,  esceikd  his  corn- 
pet  itors.f  Taylor  was  by  far  the  best  Geriuan  scholar  of  the  three  ; 
Waiter  Scott's  acquaintance  with  the  Teutonic  literature  and  language 
was  ^>ct  slight.  Mr.  Ta\lor  also  translated  Lessing's  Nathan  the  Ulse, 
and  n.^tlic's  Iphi^enla  in  Tauris,  the  former  in  1791,  the  latter  in  I793» 
bet  V'th  for  pnvite  distribution  ;  they  were  both  subsequently  printed  in 
tl'*  Hi^M-ric  Surrey  oi  German  Poetry.  He  now  engaged  with  Dr. 
CirrntLs  as  a  cotitributor  t-i  the  Monthly  Review,  beginning  with  a  pane- 
gyric on  hi*  friend  Saycrs's  Disquisitions  in  April  1793.  He  showed  talents 
so  SL[ierior.  and  iLf«.*r:Lati«>ik  so  extensive,  that  his  future  assistance  was 
eagerly  ir.\;ted.  aii  we  have  a  o>nsidenibIt  correspondence  between  him 
and  Dr.  Grifrths.  .'hich  senes  to  show  the  stvle  and  manner  in  which  a 
proprietor  *^i  a  Review  or  Magazine  corrcs{K>n<is  with  the  editor,  and  the 
rery  har-dsome  miDccr  in  which  he  usua'ly  cc^mphaients  him  on  his  articles. 
For  this  Rcvie.v  acd  fc»r  "tLvrs  Lc  continued  to  write  for  the  long  period  of 
thirty-one  years.  ar.d  i*.  tJ.a!  time  he  was  author  of  1.730  original  paper*.; 
Hazhti  says.  *•  The  >r\le  i-l'  |'hiIos4iphical  criticism  which  had  been  the 
boa?t  of  the  Ff^ii-i:  iri:**  Review  **?.$  6rst  ijitri>1uced  into  the  Monthly  Re- 
Tiew  ab*>ut  1 7.*'.'  in  a  *«.  r'.t :  of  artit  Irs  by  Mr.  William  Ta\lor  of  Norwich."§ 


•  Sr^  >■:  n'i   M:k-.   P  -zi*.  I'.'O.  p.  3  :   L:v*hm's  Life  of  Scx.t:,  i.  p.  235  ;  awA 
Eij.l  Hill*  Wis-e:  ia  Sijr.i.  p.  Jo«j.-^Ret. 

*  R.jirdi-i  ti*  o:-ferc-:  .pi-.:--     a  the  ZLzr.-.i    :.'  :he  tnn>*.it:oof,  see  Taylor** 
L:*  .      -I'^i-iC    :.r::r*  '>,!:::=.  p.  31--!  •.—Re\. 

:   >!  n---T  Reti-w.     rros:  ]n<J  to  IT.O ilK* 

Cr.:.cil         ..  frv.ax  1<'0J  to  iTi^ 61 

forl-^-y 3 

Aoniul  Rf T-ev.       fronc  l^^O.^  to  I -07 3*^1 

Monthlj  Ma<xzi».  fivcc  ITi*^  lo  1S:4 7^ 

Monthly  Rerjnr.     from  IflO  to  1?::4 330 

i  See  Uttlict't  Spirit  of  the  .Vge.  p.  30e. 
1 


1844] 


Wiiliam  Tayhr  of  Norwich. 


345 


The  Moiitbly  Magazine  was  commenced  in  J796,  uncler  the  aofiplce^  of 
Dr,  Aikin,  tlirough  wlioni  tlie  co-operation  of  William  T;iylor  was  obtaiiied. 
Here  nnicli  of  bis  Geimati  criticism  appeared,  and  Iiere  liis  *^  Synonymes  '* 
wtrc  printed  in  their  earbest  form.  It  was  in  1798  that  Mr.  Taylor  made 
the  acqnaintance  of  Mr.  Sou  they,  who  was  then  on  a  visit  at  Yarmouth* 
He  passed  soine  dayii  at  Norwicli  at  Mr,  Taylor'^  bouse,  and  tbere  met 
Or.  Sayerii  and  others  of  tbe  Xorwieh  literati  j  a  correspondence  then 
commenced  betxveen  them,  which  continued  at  shorter  or  longer  intervals, 
till  Mr*  Tavlor'a  death,  and  which  forujs  as  valuable  as  it  is  to  us  an 
uuexpected  contribotion  to  the  literary  history  of  Mr-  Southey's  life.*  In 
J 80*2  Mr.  Taylor  agaiu  visited  Paris,  in  company  with  his  young  friend 
Henry  Souihey,     He  wmtcs  :  — 


those  of  other  dtizeas^  but  whatever  be- 
loogE  to  the  public  ia  worthy  of  a  great 
nfttion.  I  a  priv'ttte  luxury  «r  publje 
luxury  the  more  hftppy-mn king  possession? 
Private,     Then  vivat  LoodoQ/* 


* '  Paris  is  more  beamtiful  thau  before  : 
one  misses  here  and  there  nn  equeatrmn 
itatue,  hut  in  general  tlie  taste  and  mag* 
Dificence  of  the  public  edifices  far  9ur|Misa 
Ihose  of  London.  The  houses  of  the 
MilliaJes  may  not  be  cliBtingui»Uahle  from 

On  bis  return  be  accepted  tlie  editorship  of  a  weekly  paper  called  the 
''  Iris/"  then  to  be  established  at  Xnrwich, 

In  1803  Mr.  Taylor,  who  seemed  to  be  boni  to  be  a  re  vie  we  r,t  engaged 
with  the  Critical  Review.  In  twelve  months  be  reviewed  more  than  sixty 
leaditjg  publications,  being  nearly  a  third  part  of  the  whole  contents.  The 
bankruptcy  of  the  concern,  however,  took  place  befure  be  bad  receii'cd  any 
other  remuneration  of  his  labours  than  the  fame  they  brought  Iiiin.  Among 
the  extracts  which  the  editor  occasionally  gives  of  those  passages  which 
he  considers  more  especially  creditable  to  the  writer,  and  worthy  attention, 
we  have  stumbled  on  qhq  which  we  extract  for  a  certain  curiosity  of  ob- 
servation on  an  interesting  snbjectj  whether  it  be  true  or  not.  He  ia 
speaking  of  the  importuDce  of  the  mercantile  classes. 

'*Nor  is  commerce  less  favourable  in 
detail  to  ibe  best  intereats  of  society,  than 
on  the  collective  scale  of  estimation, 
Coromercial  men  can  afford  to  make  early 
and  disinterested  marriages.  They  mutt 
put  to  haaard  wa  much  more  than  a  irife^s 
dower,  that  it  i«  less  important  to  their 
prosperity  to  wed  a  fortuae,  than  to  wed 
a  capieal  unencumbered  with  settle  men  t« 
and  joi  n  tares*  \ll2at  ia  the  consequence  ? 
ThaC  the  most  accomplished  and  men- 

At  the  close  of  1804  he  lost  at  once  the  occupation  afforded  by  the  Iris 
and  the  Critical  Review  ;  but  he  and  Sou  they  continued  to  be  the  Gog 
aud  Magog  of  the  AunuaL  The  follovving  criti(|ue  on  Southey's  Kehama, 
in  a  letter  to  the  poet,  we  think  has  fairly  pointed  to  the  main  defect  of 
that  otherwise  beautiful  aud  interesting  poem. 


torious  women  in  the  conotry  are  every* 
where  the  wives  of  merchants ;  the  women 
who  arc  selected,  not  for  their  property 
but  their  properties.  The  domestic  hap- 
piness und  inierior  elegance  which  result 
are  obvious ;  whoever  compares  the  farni^ 
lies  of  our  city  gentlemen  with  those  of 
our  country  gentlemen  must  he  struck 
with  the  far  superior  character  of  the 
former.** 


*  It  appears  by  a  letter  in  1799  from  Mr,  Southey,  that  his  destiny  at  that  time 
**  was  London  and  a  lawyer's  office!"*  and  in  1800  *'  it  was  suggested  to  him  to  try 
hii)  fortune  at  the  East  Indian  bar  J*'  where  success  could  not  be  dotibtful. 

f  Mr.  Southey  say&r  ^*  Much  as  I  dislike  reviews  for  the  mijrcA<V^  they  inenitably 
ddf  yet,  as  they  will  continue  to  exist,  it  is  of  conseqaence  to  occupy  the  post."  ii.  16* 
Ue  gives  in  another  place  a  good  prudential  hint  to  the  publishers  and  proprietors  of 
reriifWB,  p,  26G :  "  It  is  bad  policy  In  Longman  not  to  pay  such  a  price  a4  to  make 
exertion  incumbent,  and  enable  hii  authors  oiwayf  to  afford  it**' 

Gbnt.  Uaq.  Vol.  XXL  2  Y 


"I 

takt  xi:  -zisr 


trsL       Tbsr:     it- 

Ttt  a«  yen  JM  -mlTnc-u  n  ii:  2a- 

a  Grtcx*-fr«a  sjcm  ;i:  jl  s  a  *:;«  x*- 

Ik  Lis  y..^:n^<r    p.  2:  ?  . 


the  De-eri-T.  bv  Hi-ry  R.Cli^tocv^f ,  e*^.  «  Norrici.     TW  w^^ 
dedkatoi  to  Mr  ^HriiM.       *  *** 

Tt«<  wiHL  it^-:->r}  icL.^^«<ir*  to  be  »  iotc  oz^UBBed  br  a  i 

of  swL  titit^  ^i  i.;-->:=r;i-^,  b-it  tbeir  cttii-^^i-c*  fonjwd  ii«  U^ 
Mr.  TijKT  uy»  Llmsc::. — 

•DC  us*  tie  si*i<r.:ci  ;:'  p-T'rr  r.rs:;i 

ri^'t*    *z.i     -Tvii-i-sx    trc«j.L»4*n :     u 

Id  1S*''J  aLd  1>!0  Le  wij  jtli:  irrltirjr  for  tLf  Mc^tHy  Mauruia^ :  be 
ako  renewt^i  Lis  coll^xIo:.  with  tbc  Critical,  in  aa  inilrsis  of  Prof.  Pko- 
liu'  Cofcmentiry  od  tlie  Ntv  Testament,  in  iiLich  be  the*  boidlT  adraaccd 
bit  ovzi  latit&diLaruD  opitioLs.  "  We  are  not  excisavrly  deroled  to  tke 
dogmas  of  any  sect.  We  respect,  »e  renerate  tbe  true  Cbrittiaa  •  bat 
Trinitarian^,  Arlao*,  znd  SocihiaLS  are  alike  iodifferent  to bs.  Wc  1o%'y  Done 
of  their  iLvidious  oi^tiDCtiorj?,  their  sectarian  and  ucbrotLeriy  names/'  &,c 
Bot  tht?  blast  of  the  war- 1  mm  pie  t  called  bis  brethren  the  Unitarians  to  their 
dnty,  and  his  article  « as  pronoanced  by  authority  to  be  ••  ehominaSleS* 
This  Ta\  U*r  answered  in  a  letter  to  the  editor  of  the  improred  version  j  bot 
bi^  secood  oflfcoce  »a.s  worse  than  bis  brst,  for  bis  pamphlet  vas  reeetred 
with  an  oatcry  of  horror,  and  its  pages  coosigned  unread  and  ■nconsidered 

*  S«c  Tol.  iL  p.  2'iis,  wbm  Mr.  Soatfaey  uiaamki^f  the  juCioe  of  tbb 


I 


1644.]  mUiam  Taylor  of  Noru>ki.  U7 

to  tbe  flanie«.  He  is,  however,  defended  by  his  biographer,  apparently  on 
the  ground"  that  Christianity  is  made  an  eii^ioe  of  iutolerable  eviJ,  aud  that 
he  is  a  t»eiiefactor  of  mankind  who  cao  discero  tlic  wisest  means  of  effect* 
ing  a  change  that  uinst  oi^e  day  take  place;"  though  we  consider  tliat 
Tayior*s  object  was  to  cxaraiue  the  historical  tlocumetitij  on  which  Chria- 
tiaoity  rests,  and  not  to  observe  on  the  mode  of  the  application  of  its 
ductrines  to  society.  In  1810  appeared  the  three  ToIuiucBof  tlie  *'  Talea 
of  Yore,*'  being  translations  from  IVeaaao,  VVieland,  and  other  forei^ 
writers;  and  this  led  to  \m  engaging  strain  as  a  writer  for  the  Munthly 
Eeriew, 

Wc  roust  rapidly  pass  over  tbe  remaining  part  of  onr  narrative.  Ill 
1811  Mr.  Taylor'ii  family  sulfered  various  heavy  pecuniary  loases,  do  as  to 
oblige  them  to  alter  their  mode  of  living,  and  remove  to  a  smaller  esta- 
blishment. At  this  time  he  also  obser\'es,  that  **  the  sunset  of  Norwich 
had  arrived,  and  that  tlie  society  is  not  what  it  has  been.  Some  of  ns  are 
too  ill  and  srnne  too  poor  to  convene  one  another  as  formerly.'*  Mr. 
Taylor  was  disappointed  in  his  hopes  of  obtaining  a  situation  in  the  British 
Museum,  vacated  by  Mn  Douce,  whose  retirement  wc  recollect,  and  with 
whose  temper  the  confinement  and  Bnl)ordinacy  in  that  establishment  did 
not  agree.  He  then  thought  of  collecting  and  republishing  some  of  hia 
periodical  elusion  a  in  a  division  of  classes,  which  he  effected  in  part*  In 
April  1812  his  mother,  who  had  been  blind  for  more  than  twenty  years,  died. 
She  appears  to  have  been  a  most  amiable  persou,  and  her  son's  attention 
aiid  attachment  to  her  were  most  warm  and  unintermitted.  "  If  iJeasure 
or  dnty  led  her  beyond  the  well-known  paths  in  which  she  could  move 
unattended  and  free  from  danger,  his  u  as  the  hand  that  most  usually  sop- 
ported  and  guarded  htr,  and  with  the  most  aaaiduoua  tenderness  guided  her 
steps  from  every  incumbrance  and  obstruction.  Seldom  wjia  there  a  Sunday 
morning  in  which  they  were  not  seen  thus  proceeding  together  through  tho 
many  streets  that  lay  between  their  dwelling  aud  their  place  of  public 
Sabbath  worship/'  After  her  death  be  seems  to  have  fuUeiitnto  his  former 
manner  of  life  aud  occupation,  bis  love  of  literature  and  his  attachment 
to  criticism  having  become  a  kahit  of  lAc  intelitcl,  that  prevented  hia 
brooding  over  his  real  or  fancied  calamities,  **  By  employment  in  the 
morning,  aud  by  smoking  after  meaU,  my  thoughts  are  much  diverted  from 
ray  various  miseries.  Candide,  more  than  Seneca  or  Boethius,  is  a  conso- 
latory book  tinder  teaming  adversities;  it  stocks  the  imagination  with 
pictures  of  worse  accidents,  which,  by  the  contrast  of  their  ob&curity, 
lift  one's  own  shade  into  uiczzotinto,"  In  1 8 14  ap[>eared  his  "  Englisb 
Synonymes  Dii«chminated/*  bei«g  a  corrected  colkction  of  papers  pre- 
viously inserted  in  the  Magazines.  It  was  not  much  noticed  by  the  public, 
and  it  was  unmercifully  pillaged  by  a  Mr.  Crabb,  who  probably  thought 
he  might  poach  without  deti-ction  on  a  neglected  manor. 

In  tbe  year  l8Ua,  when  Mr.  Taylor  was  in  his  fiftieth  year,  his  con- 
stitution first  gave  symptoms  of  wesikuess  and  approaching  decay  j  a  few 
giaMM  of  wine  were  too  strongly  stimulative  to  his  nerves  ^  a  cutatieooa 
entplion  appeared,  which  was  followed  by  a  fit  of  the  gout.  Abstinence 
only  produced  depression  of  spirits  ;  yet,  though  nature  was  weakened,  a 
life  protracted  for  twenty  years  longer  proved  that  lier  i>owcrs  were  not 
exbauited  ;*  and  that  his  mind  was  iu  its  old  vigour  was  shown  by  soroe 

•  He  writes  to  Mr.  Southey.— **  You  wiU  find  me  altered  ;  my  iccth,  mv  rrci 
deeay,  aad  by  the  time  1  am  eixty»  whkh  wiU  bapp«u  this  Olympiad,  I  ihaU  b9  tm 


d 


348  Lift  Md  tFriting$  of  ihe  late  [April, 

sound  and  jnst  critiques  on  Mr.  Sonthey*s  poem  of  Roderick,  which  he 
bad  just  received :  and  of  which  he  did  not  fear  to  say,  that,  next  to 
Paradise  Lost  and  the  Faery  Quene,  we   shall  rank  Roderick  as  third 
among  our   epic   poems.     In   1817,  his  early  and  attached   friend   Dr. 
Sayers  died  5  he   appointed  Mr.  Taylor  one  of  his   executors,   leaving 
him  all  his  papers,  and  a  legacy  of  500/.     In  1819  he  lost  his  father 
at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-seven.     After  this  event,  he  thought  either 
of  visiting  Germany,  or  of  mixing  with  the  literary  society  of  London  5 
but  local  attachments  and  old  habits  prevailed,   and    he  settled   again 
in  his  old  routine  of  life— his  pipe,  his  book,  and  his  pen;— the  noontide 
walk,  the  social  dinner  table,  and  the  after-dinner  conversation  followed 
with  Kttle  variation  the  round  of  each  succeeding  day.     He  grew  indolent 
and  disinclined  to  the  regular  occupation  of  renewing ;  for  a  contribator 
like  Mr.  Taylor  in  a  Review  or  Magazine  is  like  a  shaft-horse,  and  must 
draw,  while  an  occasional  writer,  like  a  leader,  is  under  looser  control, 
may  keep   the  traces  loose,  and  pull  only  when  he  likes.     Still  he  could 
write  with   vigour^    and   his  old  acuteness   had   not  forsaken  him.     He 
observes  on  the  versification  of  Mr.  Southey*s  Vision  of  Judgement, — 
«•  There   is  always  one  advantage  in   novel  forms  of  versification,  that 
words  require  to  be  stationed  in  new  combinations,  and   thus  produce 
original  associations  of  ideas ;  it  is  like  changing  partners  at  the  end  of 
a  country  dance,  or  sowing  flower-seeds  on  the  paths  of  tririality.'*     In 
1823  he  published  his  Life  of  Dr.  Sayers,  which  occupied  him  six  years, 
for  the  task  it  appears  was  one  of  some  delicacy  -,  and  a  friend  told  Mr. 
Taylor,  "that  he  thought  his  Life  of  Sayers  was  SLperJidious  life,*'  mean- 
ing that,  regarding  Dr.  Sayers's  religious  opinions  in  different  periods, 
his  biographer  had  not  told  all  the  truth,  and  this  Mr.  Taylor  admitted. 
About  the  year  1825  Mr.  Taylor  resigned  his  old  and  favourite  occupa- 
tion.    After   his   review  of   Duplessis-Momay*s    "Memoirs,"   his   bio- 
grapher informs  us,  nothing  new  seems  to  have  flowed  from   his   pen. 
In  1826  he  made  a  journey  to  Scotland,  and  on  his  return  visited  Mr. 
Southey  at  Keswick.     His  only  remaining  literary  effort  was  the  publica- 
tion of  the  Historical  Survey  of  German  Poetry,  that  issued  from  the  press 
in  three  successive  volumes,  from  1828  to  1830.  It  contains  in  our  opinion 
much  useful  and  much  very  entertaining  information,  though  it  is  acknow- 
ledged to  be  but  roughly  executed,  and  though  the  Edinburgh  reviewer* 
computed,  '*  that  in  round  numbers  fifteen  hundred  might  be  given  as  the 
approximate  amount,  not  of  errors  indeed,  yet  of  mistakes  and  misstate- 
ments in  the  three  octavos  /'  and  he  called  it  somewhat  uncourteously, 
still  more  unjustly,  "  a  general  gaol  delivery  of  all  publications  respecting 
Gkrman  poetry."     After  1830,  Mr.  Taylor's  bodily  and  mental  powers 
rapidly  declined,  and  the  rest  of  his  life  is  little  else  than  a  melancholy 
blank.  In  1833  he  found  himself  unable  to  speak  at  a  meeting  of  the  Public 
Library.     The  last  production  of  his  pen  is  a  letter  to  Mr.  Henry  Reeve, 
dated  in  July  1834.     His  decease  took  place  on  the  5th  of  March    J 836, 
having  died  to  literature,  to  friendship,  and  to  society,  long  before  he  died  to 
nature.     He  was  buried  in  the  same  grave  with  his  parents  in  the  Octagon 
Unitarian  Chapel  at  Norwich ;  and  bis  memory  has  been  honoured  and 
his  talents  done  justice  to  in  a  very  sensible  and  discriminating  letter  from 
Miss  Aikin  to  the  editor,  which  closes  the  work,  and  which  in  a  small 
compass  delineates  the  striking  features  of  Mr.  Taylor *s  mind. 

•  TIm  ttnUnm  wm  Mr.  Thomif  Ciurljle. 


]844.] 


William  Taylor  of  Norwich* 


Hf 


We  sliftll  DOW  give   some  extracts  from  tUe  Letters,  for  the  suke  of  the 

literary  opinions  and  information  in  them,  and  add  such  notes  of  our  own 
as  vvc  detm  necessary,  or  at  least  usefid,  to  the  explauation  uf  the  text. 
Mr,  Southey  writes. 


P.  2f>9.  **  Have  yon  seen  a  poem 
caUed  Gebir?  It  appean  to  me  the 
mirftriilous  work  of  a  madinan.  }ta  in* 
tellig^ible  passages  arc  ilasfacfl  of  iightntug 
at  iiiiiltiigliC,  Like  a  picture  in  whos4! 
obfcurc  col  OUT)  nj^  a  o  plan  ii  discoverable ; 
but  in  orerj  distinct  touch  you  fle«  the 
ma<^tcf-haQd." 

P.  IIQ}  ♦  * '  Browne's  Travels  diiappoiated 
me.  That  a  man  should  go  so  far  and  se« 
so  little  I  And  ia  the  Critical  there  ii 
the  puff-«up«rlatire  upon  hk  mvtagve 
narrative.  Park  interested  mefarmorc."* 

P.  A02.  '*  Vou  give  mca  more  favour- 
able account  of  Mackintosh  than  I  have 
bceo  accustomed  to  rcwive.  Coleridge 
haaaeen  much  of  bim  at  the  Wedge  woods*. 
He  descrihea  him  as  scute  in  argument, 
more  skilful  in  detecting  the  logical  errors 
of  his  adversary  than  in  propoundiDg 
truth  himself, — a  man  accuatouicd  to  the 
glodiatorehip  of  conversation, — a  literary 
fcncer,  who  parries  better  than  he  thrusts. 
I  fluspcct  that  in  praising  Jeremy  Taylor» 
and  in  overrating  him,  he  talks  after  Cote- 
ridge,  ft  ho  it  a  beatheo  in  literature,  and 
ranks  the  old  Bishop  among  his  demi- 
gods. 1  am  not  enough  conversnnt  with 
bis  writings  to  judge  how  accurotely  you 
apprerinte  hira.  The  *  Holy  Living  and 
Dying*  everybody  knows,  and  it  has 
splendid  parts.  His  'Ductor  Dubltantium' 


I  procured  just  before  my  departure  from 
Briitol,  and  it  lies  in  my  unopened  bag- 
gage. What  Coleridge  values  in  these 
old  writers,  is  their  structure  of  paragraph ; 
where  sentence  is  built  upon  sentence  with 
architectural  regularity,  each  resting  upon 
the  other,  like  the  geometrical  stain  at 
St.  Paul's.  In  Davy's  verses  I  see  aspira- 
tions after  genius  and  powers  of  language, 
all  that  can  be  expected  in  so  young  a 
writer.  Did  I  promise  more  ?  But  il  h 
my  common  fault  iisually  to  overrate  what- 
ever I  am  newly  aec^nainted  with*  To- 
wardiK  the  close  of  the  *  Sons  of  Geuius  * 
there  are  some  fine  stanxas,  but  as  a 
whole  it  is  tedious  and  feeble — but  it  was 
the  production  of  eighteen.  Davy  is  a 
surprising  young  man,  and  one  who  by 
his  unai^isumingness,  his  open  warmth  of 
character,  and  bis  alUpromisin^  talents, 
soon  conciliates  our  affections.  •  * 
Perhaps  it  ia  the  consciousnesi  of  a 
garrulous  tendency  in  writing  that  impels 
me  with  such  decided  and  almost  ex- 
elusive  choice  to  narrative  poetry.  The 
books  of  the  'Italia  Li  be  rata 'f  which 
I  read  at  Norwich  did  me  more  service 
towards  correcting  this  fault,  than  any 
other  lesson  could  have  done.  In  *  Madoo* 
I  think  I  have  avoided  it,''  StC, 


Of  bis  own  j>o€ms  Nf  r.  Southey  thus  speaks, 

are  parts  of  the  poetry  which  I  cannoi 


P.  371.  *' The  justice  of  your  prniae 
(of  Thalaba)  I  of  course  believe,  however 
ill-qualified  to  judge.  Your  censure — 
there  is  a  fault  of  story — a  want  of  suf- 
ficient concatenation  of  events — perhaps 
inevitable  from  the  subject —yet  I  have 
found  no  lack  of  interest  in  the  readers, 
who  have  followed  the  story  breathlessly. 
Nor  do  I  see  more  motive^ — human 
motive — for  Huon  than  Thalaba.  The 
poem  compares  more  fairly  with  *  Vathek' 
than  with  any  exi&ting  work,  and  I  think 
mav  stand  bv  its  aide  for  invention.  There 


hope  to  surpass,  yet  I  look  with  more  pride 
to  the  truth  and  the  soul  that  animates 
^  Joan  of  Arc/  There  is  the  individual 
Robert  Southey  the  re,  and  only  his  imagi. 
nation  in  the  enchanted  fabric.  For  this 
also  1  build  the  hope,  the  confidence  of 
my  own  immortalUy  upon  *  Madoc,'  be- 
cause in  a  story  as  diversified  as  that  of 
Thalaba  human  characters  are  well  de- 
veloped, human  incidents  well  arranged^ 
because  it  will  be  as  new  in  the  epic  as 
this  is  in  the  rooiance,  and  assert  a  bolder 


•  Regarding  Mr.  Browne  the  traveller,  who  was  murdered  in  Fertia,  it  is  conjectured 
not  without  knowledge  of  the  Government,  but  concerning  whose  death  nothing  haa 
been  accurately  known,  see  some  interesting  account  in  the  life  of  Professor  Ten- 
nant,  who  was  very  partial  to  his  society  when  Mr-  Browne  in  the  intervals  of  his 
journeys  stayed  in  London.  He  was  so  delighted  in  his  converiiation,  that  he 
mentions  when  in  an  evening  he  knocked  at  Mr.  Browne's  door  at  the  Adelphi,  he 
nsed  to  feel  quite  uneasy  lest  be  should  he  from  home. — Rbv. 

t  See  vol.  L  453.  Southey  writes,  **  I  have  read  Cowper's  Odyssey  and  Trissino  to 
core  my  poetrj  of  its  wheyishuess ;  kt  me  preicribe  the  Vulgar  Errors  of  Sir  Thoma* 
BrowG«  to  y^n  for  a  Uki?  r«iacilj.*' 


iSO  L^'fmdWfUm^B^tktkU  {AvA. 


aa:  1   -    .Y-x-^LJLTT  3x:  xa»  >Km  ascncd  ttM  nbsjcel,  of  wU^  the  ftrat  part,  if  ke 

w:.^  --  -  .v.-    :  -:  as-  iT.*i  =»  i:iofi-  «er  ksT«  health  nd  ttability  caoub  to 

*t.- :   .   ..v^          ■'.-.  JT  -   _:  I-  =^  ▼---•-  rr:^n«  anj  ihinF,  will  be  the  deadi-blov 

f^     v-      :>--..-:.      -:-  1.C   .  ;i-::x=-  ?f  H.bbef.   Locke,  and  Home  ;  for  the 

I  ■  -               .   J-   :■         -   r   -   -.^   f.r  r«T  Urttr  ^f  vboB  ib  particmlar  he  feds 

w:.:     : -L*   .  ~     >.":->-  nj    =A2rt  ;  :ie   aij*t    hrfcteoa*    contempt.       I    am 

1  ii;  !  ;.-.   -.  *  >    r- :-r-:-    '   t  >-??re  crirrKi  thatVoa  nerer  met  Coleridce- 

w    -.  .*  .    ,.  ..    ^  ^•_.    ^^^   -,.r-.  ,2  .^rber  men  whom  I  have  ever  kam 


^■■'< 


1-vr.T-s      \  trr  rztrt  chndrra  to  him.  and  Tct  an  it 

"  «^  •  -      ptls«^  ^T  t  total  want  of  moral  itwmrth. 


•    «  V^f     :;:'xr;''*: 


^     vrtrt 


'^■•:  :--  -TT  -fWi-ip.      He  w:J    leare  nothiof     behind   1^  to 

v-.Nx:.*    ^*:    V  :-.--•  C :  ^  i^   ▼••     jasT.fr  tisf  opinion  of  his  friends  to  the 

-  ,  ;^,       .^.^  .,  ^rt     W7r,i  Z  T-t  lauiT  of  hit  seatterai  poe^ 


»^  *-:-.  tail  a  man  of  feeiinr  wiH  see 

wv*    *    :    !    ^i:-.:    .^   :-^    rarr-r    rf     tii:  :b«  wthor  wai  capable  of  execntiBK 
Ctf-nr  • '^^  .-8^      r.^  i-«  :  ':yr^  i  «-.-ri  js     tif  CTTA:ei$  wortf."'  &c. 

>•-  >N.::?%  w-.^r*  :."  ^z* 'ri^Tvi   >a  th^  latter  men tioning  that  he  was 
c:.  :^  :.  ..  v:;-.  ri  jc  rifi^Ll.  i  I>raT:ao  s  Ba:de  of  AziDConr. 

r    *'  ^  i»    -reartx^    IVirr.-ia  =  Coieridce  and   I   hare    oUcm    talked  of 

U  *.  ri  T  ^  ?>sak.-T   VMH  .vc  i  wrrt  a  ^^«er  makiac  a  rrvas  woik  on  g">g^rii  'Hpiaian.  * 

pv.'.  "i\M.  \i<  . -c  V  -.-^ttft:     -.X  :W  acTt  b«i  Coienice  onlj  talks,  ^id.  poor  feUow  • 

k.i  Y      -  *"i  i--    ^"   au&  ac   \*n    TK>rci   ^-tf  he  wili  doc  do  that  loa^,  I  fcar ;  — H  then 

V  .71^'^  «  •'••  ^  i  ■»  '^  ^•'  »<^    r-*^  1  thai]  ke|:ia  in  mj  tan   to  feel  an  old 

« .*^  ..        V  r.f^  :.*  «.&if  :!m  iK>rt»  x»Mr  man. — to  talk  of  the  ace  of  Httlc  i 


—   :^^  -^  — ^---        —  -"  — »—  '^  ••-*  -«*  **■  iniM,  ■!«>■,  and 

^;>ft.^->«^  v.ftv'^fr«\^.-rx^  rsk;  T^ini  c\'«!pUiB    hke  Oaaaa.     It  peovokea  me 

tJL.i   ^.<  :>■'«  w^  :i   Yz-s%>f^i.*  aiy      It  whn  I  hrar  a  set  of  pnppim  vdpanc  at 

t>  s.r   -.~rt.- .    .=  ?▼   .-r^-f^  :%«:   'r*:  b  tW  kan.  cp»  vhorn  he.  a  fraat  good-natnivd 

«&■!>  .V  .  ■  :  -  V     >•    Kr^^).  :»>r-v  ^m  naie^f.  if  be  came  ap  to  them,  wonld  mat 

j>>?c   .r  •^.-■r.'    S».":    :o  v.-*^k.     %*  ;   hi^r  bA  ap  kif  iec  aad  pass  on.     It  Tezca  and 

h*.i  -  :  ?  kr  -  ••  >  -  TTf-*  ■  r:  .-Ktre^  ttx^s.  w.  fn«re»  B»e  to  the  heart  that,  when  he  is 

c»r".— :    T*  .  ■    ».  i^vr    t-"^:   :i«mc  k*  p*^-  «»  «  be  wilL  aobod j  viU  believe 

^v:-i  x.».:y^  :  -T'  px^  r.-:   rr-.-wr.  a»i  w^i:   &  m:nd  coes   with  bun, — how  ia- 

}<^r«x->  ::;«:  -  nr   rwa  ii.-^..?ri  ^^  fa::!.  ic::.^;T  aad  tra   tbonaaod-thonsand-fold 

£;i.r    :.,..-^c  .  .^7^:  :.•    >f  ciij-naji.'xi.  the  sifbucst  of  his  gmeration,**  &c 

M:.  >--::  i  ^    .  ::.:  >i:.  r  1*::^:.  s^ikirx  of  the  bairen  and  nnprodoctiTe 

"  Y.  -  w.l  i  k.-   r«    :  «:  ry.  tt :  v"»c  t*^«  crt  Jrrf  rrp«tit>on. aad  Iwaatmoner. 

will  i.tp  re'  ■  >Ui.v  ."  V  i.  :•  t  ■-  w:r>f  r.»  Os.:f  !  coi^l i ^i»i »wae k iad f cnUemaa who 

imrw  I -ten-,  vr.r   1  i'^-n:!  Sf  \Ci  la  ba#  a:;  aB;'>iTi:a  to  be  a  poet,  and  woaM 

edition  :he  rx  :•«:  m&L.     >7t  p>.v  Sx«k#  ray  zst  wyI!  for  writiac  kirn  up  above  all 

make  their  ow:i  f.rru^vf.  ^kt  ny.  irjiK  :  ike  IHrv^an.  &c.  of  the  daj  !** 

Again,  (p.  \7*'^.,  >fr.  S«>atbcy   auntkHis  his   higb  conception  of  Mr. 

Coltn'JffC "^  j^cniu* 

•'  t'.liridz?  U  r?ia5  inroDeTcaibirt  to  do  b?VT*,  wc^nli  be  a  more  serioos  Ion 

winti.:  f  T  L:»  Ltilrb.     1  kodw  DvI  vben  to  :he  worid  of  literatnrr,  than  it  ever 

anr    '  u*  works  w\\\  apjiear.  a&d  tremble  f^fferti  from  tbe  wreck  of  ancient  science^" 

Wt  -.r.'iri.rly  d  :ith  tb-.uli  leave  r.e  \.c. 

tin:  t  ■  <  '.!  puttior  i  -rttber  ihe  fragments  P.  -••w.     ••  Mr  dreams  of  fatnre  work 

of  Lie  iu^*jtnMli ;  wiiich  in  lober  tnub,  I  are  in  : his  order ;  when  *  Madoc*  is  off 


*  Sec  Or.  SaTers's  poems  in  the  choral  part«  of  Moina  and  other  places.  Mr, 
South' .  i.'i]  ."ovt.']  rr.'jch  on  Dr.  Sayeri'i  first  sketch  in  Tbalaba.  in  the  greater  variety 
and  hfyr.u  It.  i.«:  ^ave  \ft  hii  uniu.eiued  metre,  which  SirEgertoa  firrdget  we  remember 
vyir  '  i  !•!  b'-ir.  Mr.  SoutLcy  reviewed  Sareri's  works  in  Quarterlv  Reriew, 
.    i.  l..-.i...     Ki.v. 

t  Oil  Mr.  \\t*l/Kwood,  the  patron  of  Colerid^,  see  an  interesting  note  in  Cole- 
ridfji:'«  Friend,  vol.  I.  p.  J4''.. — Rkv. 

i  Wc  h'/jic  and  trust  that  thig  prophecy  U  not  09rr«ct|  Hid  that  Mr«  Gitcn,  tlw 


JVIlHam  Taylor  i>f  NoTitnck 


myhandsttofiniilithe  *  Curse  of  Kchftma,' 

of  which  two  bookg  and  a  half  arc  done  ; 

then   to  write  a  Persian  romance  bnilt  on 

^^  the  Zendavcsta ;  tben  a  Runic  ooei  and 

^IperbiLps  one  upon  what  Pinkerton  calla 

~  fechatnaniflm  i  and  lastly ^  if  I  can  find  do 

better  English  hero,  none  to  make  the 

personage  of  an  heroic  poemt — to  write 

a   nraiance  in  honour  of  Kobin   Hood. 

All  this  is  much  j  yet  if  I  have  ten  years 

of  life,  and  such  comfort  as  1  have  hither- 

I  to   had,  I  trust  I  shall  accomplifh   this, 

nd  yet  work  hard  for  money  meantime, 

ind  finish  a  History  of  more  labour  than 

Dj  EnfUshman  before  me  has  ever  yet 

bought  due  to  history.     But  I  will  ncrer 

l.ifaiii  write   in   blank  verse,*  or  Id  any 

llegnlar    rhymes.      Hexameters    are  far 

,  and  Say  en 'a  metre  best  of  all ;  its 

arieties  keep  the  poet  awake  as  well  ss 

be  reader,     I  can   improve   *  Thallaba/ 

r^ou  shall  httTe  the  two  Jh^)  bat  1  shall 

never  exceed  it/'  6te* 

Mr.  Tuylor  writes — 

'      P.  597.    **  Dr.   Parr  and  Macklatoih 
have  been  in  Norwieh — 

'  Ceu  duo  nubigenwi  qnum  Tertice  montis 

ab  alto 
Descendant  Centauri/ 

They  are  both  very  dajtzling  men.  One 
scarcely  knows  whether  to  admire  mo^t 
the  oracular  significance  and  compact 
rotundity  of  the  single  sentences  of  Parr, 
Of  the  easy  flow  and  glittering  expansion 
of  tbe  unwearied  and  UMirearying  eloquence 
of  Mackintosh.  Parr's  far-darting  hyper* 
holes  and  gorgeous  tropes  array  the  frag- 
meiiCa  of  bis  conversation  in  the  gaudiest 
tdxuk*  M«ddiito«h's  cohesion  of  idea  and 
cleamesa  of  intellect  give  to  his  sweeps  of 
disciLssion  a  more  iostnictive  importance. 
P^rr  ha.^  the  maimers  of  a  pedajit,  Mack- 
intosh of  a  geatkmaa.     Of  conrfte  people 


•  •  se  a 

**  Have  you  seen  a  volume  of  Lyrical 
GaUadSf  &c.  ?  They  are  by  Coleridge 
and  Wordsworth,  but  their  names  are  not 
affixed,  Coleridge's  ballad  of  '  The 
Ancient  Mariner'  is,  I  thiak,  the  clum- 
siest attempt  ot  German  sublimity  I  ever 
saw.  Many  of  the  others  are  very  fine ; 
and  some  I  shall  re-read,  npon  the  same 
prieciple  that  led  me  through  Trisaino, 
whenever  I  am  afraid  of  writing  like  a 
child  or  an  old  woman." 

P,  253.  *'  Jtidging  by  what  I  hear  and 
feel,  I  do  not  think  the  *  Oberon'f  will  be 
popular  in  England »  at  least  not  in  So> 
theby'a  translation.  It  only  diverU ;  it 
does  not  kindle  the  imagination  i  it  doea 
not  agitate  and  make  the  heart  beat, 
tike  the  wonders  of  Ariosto  and  Tasso. 
Wieland's  opinion  of  the  effect  of  story  is 
contrtwy  to  all  experience;  witness  tho 
'  Thebaid/ — witness  the  *  Henrkde.*  '* 


in  general  look  np  to  Parr  with  awe»  and 
fed  esteem  for  him  rather  than  love, 
while  Mackintosh  condliates  and  fat- 
cinates.  In  this  feeling  I  do  not  coincide 
with  others  wholly.  There  is  a  lovhigness 
of  heart  about  Parr,  a  susceptibility  of  tho 
affections,  which  would  endear  him  even 
without  his  Greek.  But  admiration  is,  if 
I  mistake  not,  yet  more  gratifying  to 
Msckintosh  than  attachment ;  to  personal 
partialities  he  inclines  less.  His  opinions 
are  sensibly  aristocratized  since  the  pub- 
lication of  his  *  Vindiciie  ;*  but  they  retain 
a  grandear  of  outline,  and  are  approaching 
the  manner  of  the  constitutional  school. 
Mackintosh's  memory  is  well  stored  with 
tine  passages,  Latin  and  English,  which 
be  repeats,  and  his  taste  in  poetry  inclinea 
to  metrical  philosophy  rather  than  pathoe 
or   fancy.  J     Milton,  Dry  den,   and   Pope 


Py  executor  of  Mr.  Coleridge,  is  preparing  for  publication  Mn  Coleridge's  great 
igical  work ;  we  also  have  had  the  privilege  of  seeing  at  another  person's  a 
collection  of  his  manuscript  essays  and  notes  on  Scripture,  which  appeared  to  us  to 
too  great  value  to  be  kept  from  the  public  treasury  of  literature.  Certainly 
is  no  single  family  in  Eoghind  to  whom  literature  is  so  much  indebted  as  to 
f  Coleridge.— Rut. 
f'et  after  this  he  wrote  **  Roderick*'  in  blank  verse  ;  a  species  of  verse  surely 
to  be  asteemMl  the  noblest  we  poweii,  and  also  admitting  greater  variety  of  styles  than 
any  other*  as,  for  in^Unce,  of  Paradise  Lost,  Cowper's  Task,  Thomson's  SeasonSf 
Rogers's  Italy, — all  formed  on  different  plans  of  versification,  and  all  appropriate  to  the 
subject — Eav. 

t  The  late  Dr.   Gooch  thought  no  orber  poem  equalled    Southey's    'Madoc*  in 

amusiveness  but  *  Oberon.'     Mr.  Taylor  bos  said  (p.  251),  ♦♦  The  great  merit  of  the 

I        '  Oberon'  lies  in  its  furnishing  an  ad«i[|nate  cause  for  events  merely  marvelloaa  in  the 

^^  romance."      Mr.    Sothebf*s  translation  was  reriewed   by  Mr.  Taylor  in  Annual 

H  Review,  toL  V.  c.  9.— Rev. 

t  It  appears  that  Sir  James  Mackintosh  never  read  Spenser  till  he  was  re  taming 
from  India,  and  during  the  Tt>yag«.    See  Memoin ,  voL  IL  p.  242*~^Kkv. 


352 


Ltfe  and  WrUings  oftAe  hde 


tApril, 


hare  alone  finfficient  good  sonsio  to  please 
him.  Virgil  he  OTrrratc::,  I  think,  and 
Cicero  tuo.  Style  and  again  style  is  the 
topic  of  his  prai>e.  C'art>le:>s  writini^,  re- 
dolent of  mind,  is  better  than  all  the 
Tarnii^h  of  compoiiition,  nirrcly  artful.  I 
WHS  sur]>ri^ed  to  tin.i  him  a^rree  with  the 
Freurh  in  thinking  Bossuet  vrrj  elo- 
quent ;*  and  still  more  so  at  his  rating  lo 
very  hij^h  the  panegyric  mysticism  of 
Bibhop  Jeremy  Taylor.  There  are  indeed 
exquisite,  more  than  platonically  beau- 
teous passages,  but  they  are  scattered 
thinly,  like  the  apparitions  of  angels  in 
pious  story." 

P.  :«,  vol.  II.  (Mr.  S.)  "  1  am  historify- 
iog  toth  riribtUt  and,  should  any  circum- 
stances bring  or  send  my  uncle  to  England, 
should  in  all  likelihood  put  my  first  volume 
to  press  next  winter,  ^fe  JMtdice*  I  am  a 
go<id  poet,  but  a  better  hiatorian ;  because, 
though  I  read  other  poets  and  am  hum- 
bled, I  read  other  historians  with  a  very 
ditTereiit  feeling.  Tliey  who  have  tahnts 
want  industry  ur  virtue ;  they  who  have 
industry  wont  talents-  One  writes  like  a 
French  sensualitit,  another  like  a  Scotch 
icoundrel.t  calculating  how  to  make  the 
most  per  sheet  with  the  least  expense  of 


labour;  one  like  t  skre,  another  like  t 
fool.  Now  I  know  myself  to  be  free  froa 
these  stamioal  defects,  and  feel  that  where 
the  subject  deserves  it  I  write  with  a 
poet's  feeling,  wiibont  the  lightest  af- 
fectation  of  style  or  oniameiit»  going 
always  straightforward  to  the  meaning  by 
the  shortest  road.  My  golden  rule  is  to 
relate  ertrytking  as  briefly,  as  perspicm- 
ously,  as  rememberably  as  poMioley*'  Ace. 

**  I  have  jnst  read  Walter  Scott*8  poea 
(Lay  of  the  Lut  Minstrel)  with  great 
delight:  his  phrascologr  is  aometinct 
polluted  with  modem  DarbariaoUf  and 
sometimes  obscure  from  a  sort  of  Vina* 
tural  syntax  which  be  seems  to  like ;  Imt 
it  is  a  delightful  poem,  and  I  am  ashamtd 
to  think  that  I  should  speak  of  its  fSralti, 
which  are  so  infinitesimally  little  in  coa« 
parison  with  its  beauties.  Hia  concep- 
tion of  story  is  singularly  happy  in  this  as 
in  his  ballads ;  of  character  there  is  as 
much  as  such  limits  would  admit.  His 
images  are  often  good,  and  sometimes, 
though  rarely,  quite  excellent.  I  half 
envy  him  one  about  the  foam  of  a  turbid 
torrent  in  the  first  canto.* 't 


Of  two  of  his  own  epics,  Mr.  Soutbey  thus  speaks — 


"  ThalaU  is  a  male  Joan  of  Arc  ;  and 
Mr.  Hurbauld  thought  Joau  of  Arc  was 
modelled  upon  the  Socinian  Christ.  He 
was  nli^t.lkt■n.  Kurly  admiration,  almost 
aih)raiion  of  L'-ouidas,  early  principles  of 
sti>ii'ism,  derived  from  the  habitual  study 
of  E])ictetus,  and  the  French  Revolution 
at  its  height  when  1  was  just  eighteen — 
by  these  my  mind  was  moulded.*' 


**  In  classing  '  Madoc  in  Wales'  with 
the  historical  plays  of  Shakspeare,  yon 
bestow  the  highest  praise,  and  what  I  feel 
to  be  the  most  appropriate.  It  has  the 
historical  verisimilitude,  and  the  drmmatie 
truth.  The  other  part,  which  is  em*  ge» 
neritt  you  over  and  underrate.  It  ia  below 
Milton  and  Homer — ^infinitely  beloa  ' 


*  Uut  Hossuc't  and  Pascal  are  the  two  most  eloquent  writers,  we  mean  in  the 
higher  eloquence  of  sublime  thoughts  in  simple  language,  in  the  French  tongue. 
*'  To  prove  that  all  that  is  sublime  and  touching  in  eloquence  may  be  expressed,  I  refer 
to  a  single  and  short  work,  the*  Hist.  Universelle'  of  Bossuet."  S<^  Best's  Three 
years  in  Italy,  p.  174. — Rkv. 

t  Mr.  Soutliey  has  elsewhere  written  in  equally  strong  language  his  opinion  of 
Robcrti^on's  HiHtorics,  especially  of  his  America  and  Charles  the  Fifth  (see  Sonthey*s 
Brazil.  I.  *:(>!);  Annual  Review,  by  ditto,  IV.  4(;7  ;  and  Omniana,  I.  141  ;)  but  had 
he  not  a  word  to  spare  in  praise  of  the  inimitable  grace  and  elegance  of  Hume  ? — Rby. 

t  The  passage  alluded  to  is — 

*•  Each  wave  was  crested  with  tawny  foam. 
Like  the  mane  of  a  chestnut  steed.'* — I.  xxviii. 

We  have  often  thought  that  this  passage  was  shadowed  from  some  lines  in  the  old 
romance  of  Guy  of  Warwick. 


'*  Raynburn  had  grete  doubt  to  pass 

The  water,  so  deep  and  brode  it  was ; 

And  at  the  last  his  stede  did  leap 

Into  the  broad  water  deep. 

Tliirty  fathom  he  sank  doun, 

Then  cleped  he  to  God,  Raynburn ; 

God  him  heipe,  his  stede  was  good 

And  bore  him  over  that  hedeous  flood."-*Riy« 


18440 


mUiam  Taylor,  of  Norwich, 


353 


for  both  arc  unapproachably  above  my 
•trench  of  wing;  it  is  b«toir  Toaso  in 
splendour  aod  iti  structure  of  fable,  nbore 
him  in  ori^n&Uty,  attd  equal  In  feeling 
even  to  Spentcr.  With  the  others  I  will 
DOt  admit  compariioti«  Virgil  and  Ca- 
rooeai  are  laaguage-maxters  of  the  furtt 
order — nothing  more  (   and  the  Meanab 


— pardon  me  if  I  say,  that  of  what  you 
admire  to  that  poem  at  least  nine- tenths 
appear  to  me  bubble  and  btndder  and 
tympany— just  what  I  should  produce 
for  a  mock  heroic,  and  could  produce 
with  facility?  there  ia  one  uniform  sub- 
atitutjou  of  Mk  for  mblimty,'*  &c. 


In  October,  1805,  Mr.  Soothey  writes — 


**  I  have  been  at  Edinburg^h,  and  there 
seen  Jeffrey,  When  he  was  invited  to 
meet  me,  he  very  properly  sent  me  the 
bjeeta  (of  hia  review  of  *  Madoc*)»  that  1 
might  see  him  or  oot,  according  to  my 
own  feelings  :  ihia  WM  what  he  could  not 
well  uvoid,  but  it  was  not  the  leas  gen* 
tlemanlike.  I  met  him  in  good  humour, 
being  by  God's  blessing  of  a  liappy  temper: 
lutving  fcen  hiro,  if  were  impoatihte  to  be 
mngry  with  anyihinff  »o  dtminufwe.  We 
talked  about  the  question  of  taste  on  which 
we  are  at  iiaue.  He  ia  a  mere  child  upon 
that  subject :  I  never  met  with  a  man 
whom  it  was  lo  easy  to  check* mate/* 
a  •  •  • 

*'  The  Scotch  society  disappointed  me, 
at  it  needs  must  do  a  man  who  loves  eon- 
penaii&n  iujtead  of  diMeH4rMion.  Of  the 
three  facultica  of  the  mind*  they  seem 
exclusively  lo  value  judgment.  They 
have  QOtliiDg  to  teach,  and  a  great  deal 


more  to  Icirn  than  I  should  oh(K»Be  to  be 
at  the  troubk^  of  instructing  them  in<  I 
had  hapfuty  an  admirable  companion  ib 
my  schoolfellow  EJmaiey,  or  I  shouM 
have  hungered  and  thirated  for  my  folios." 
•  *  «  * 

**  1  passed  three  days  with  Walter  Scott, 
an  amusing  and  highly  estimable  man. 
You  see  the  whole  extent  of  his  powers 
in  the  *  Minstrel's  I^y,"  of  which  your 
opinion  aeema  to  accord  with  mine— a 
very  amusing  poem ;  it  excites  a  novel- 
like  interest,  but  you  ditcortr  nothing  on 
after  perusal.  Scott  beara  a  great  part  in 
the  Edinburgh  Review,  but  does  not 
review  well.  He  ia  editing  Dryden — very 
carelessly;  the  printer  baa  only  one  of 
the  late  common  editions  to  work  from* 
which  has  never  been  collated,  and  is  left 
to  make  conjectural  emeDdatioos,  This 
I  learned  from  Ballantyne  himaelf  in  hia 
printing- office,*'* 


Mr.  Taylor's  opinion  diflera  considernbly  from  that  of  his  correflpondcnt 
on  the  subject  of  Scott's  poem  ;  he  writes  in  answer— 


**  My  opinion  of  the  *  Minstrel 'a  Lay' 
doet  not  coincide  with  yours  t  I  do  not 
ihiiilt  that  it  eidtea  and  keeps  alive  '  a 
aoffl^like  interest,*  The  incidents  are  to 
jmyoacleas^  that  I  experience  ^m  them 
a  iuccesiion  of  dt^ppointments.  The 
poem  struck  me  as  a  rimed  imitation  of 
*Tha!aba;'  as  possessing  similar  local 
merits  of  high-wrought,  lominously-co^ 
loured  description  ;  as  falling  into  similar 
faults  of  disconnected,  Lndcpendent,  uniu- 
teliigibly  successive  incident ;    as  having 


lyrical  and  eniditional  merit,  but  neither 
order,  cUmu,  nor  entirety  of  fable. 
There  ia  a  want  of  homogeneity  in  the 
manner  or  style,  which  resembles  what 
the  masons  call  rubbish-waUing^  where 
fragments  of  anciently  hewn  and  sculp* 
tuned  stone  are  built  in  with  modern 
brickbats  and  the  pebbles  of  the  soiL 
Nor  do  I  like  storiesf  like  Pilpay's  fable^ 
in  ntiti  qf  6oxet,  oue  within  another — a 
minstrel  singing  a  atory,  and  in  that  story 
more  minstrels  singing  more  stories,"  &c» 


To  the  other  part  of  his  cor rcspoo dent's  letter,  Mr,  Taylor  answers  as 
foUoivs  : — 


*•  I  have  not  seen  the  Edinburgh. 
Jcifrey^s  great  merit  lies  in  a  command  of 
example ;  whatever  he  is  reviewing,  a  book 
or  a  asmile —  whatever  he  ia  dif cussing,  an 
episode  or  an  epithet — he  can  instantly  find 
up  every  analogous  and  comparable  in- 


stance in  the  whole  treaauryof  ages  and  lan- 
guages. Hi«  taste  is  book-made,  super* 
induced  by  the  theorists  and  by  authority; 
not  the  result  of  feelings  nor  of  that  art  of 
appreciation  which  is  acquired  by  trying 
experiments   in   composition    and    after- 


*  This  statement  needs  some  observation  and  correction.     The  ftrat  time  thai  the 

present  writer  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting  Sir  Walter  Scott  waa  at  breakfast  at 

r  FimlieOi  in  the  house  of  the  late  Richard  Hcber,  esa.,  and  Walter  Scott  came  for  the 

I         express  purpose  of  seeing  and  borrowing  dl  Mr.  Hcber'a  early  editions  of  Drydeu*i 

1        poema  in  order  to  collate  them.^-Kxv. 


354 


lAft  and  Writmf$  of  ihe  late 


[April. 


wards  applying  to  others  the  principles  em- 
ployed in  self- approbation  or  condemna- 
tion. To  be  a  good  critic,  a  man  must 
hare  served  his  apprenticeship  to  art. 

"  Schiller's  •  Wilhelm  TeU  T— oh,  why 
is  not  ( 'oleridge  at  home  to  translate  it  ? 
except  that  one  has  two  storms  in  one 
lake,  rather  too  long,  load,  and  provi- 
dential, it  is  an  admirable  tragedy;  the 
strictly  historic  drama,  comprehending  a 

Mr.  Soutbey  says— 

P.  124.  "  '  Madoc*  is  doing  well  in  all 
but  in  the  sale.  If  you  do  not  know  the 
current  value  of  epic  poetry  at  the  present 
time,  I  can  help  you  to  a  pretty  just 
estimate.  My  profits  upon  this  poem  in 
the  course  of  twelve  months  amount  pre- 
cisely to  three  pounds  seventeen  shillings 
and  one  penny.  In  the  same  space  of 
time  Walter  Scott  has  sold  4500  copies  of 
his  '  Lay,'  and  netted  of  course  above  a 
thousand  pounds,"  &c. 

P.  131.  *'  George  Ellis  dined  nt  Long- 
man's to  meet  me  for  the  first  time.  1 
liked  him  less  than  I  expected,  and  yet 
my  expectation  was  not  very  high  ;  a  little 
too  much  of  the  air  of  high  life,  a  little 
too  much  of  the  conversationist,  eyes  too 
small,  a  face  too  long,  and  something  in 
his  manners  which  showed,  or  seemed  to 


whole  great  event  in  a  few  intensely  in- 
teresting scenes — the  characters  Tariovs, 
discriminate,  national— it  is  worthy  of 
the  only  competitor  Shakspeare  haa  yet 
had.  Schiller  has  less  ethic,  bat  more 
pathetic  merit  than  Shakspeare ;  his  ideas 
are  more  heroic  and  colossal :  when  they 
quit  mere  nature  it  is  in  the  right  direc- 
tion." ace. 


show,  that  it  was  a  condescennoii  in  him 
to  be  a  man  of  letters.  This  opimon 
may  be  uncharitably  formed,*  and  it  u 
very  likely  that»  with  my  inside  fall  of 
fog  and  phlegm,  as  it  then  was,  I  may 
have  seen  him  unfairly  through  a  misty 
atmosphere;  but  there  is  certainly  that 
something  about  him  which  would  always 
make  me  greet  a  man  with  a  distant  bend 
of  the  body,  and  a  smQe  that  lay  no 
deeper  than  the  muscles  which  fashioned 
it,  instead  of  a  glad  eye  and  a  ready  shake 
of  the  hand.  You  are  right  in  wbat  yon 
say  about  the  preference  of  talenta  to  in- 
tegrity ;  but  there  must  be  a  certain  quan- 
tity of  right  thinking  and  good  feeling 
about  a  man,  and  manifestly  about  himy 
to  make  his  society  desirable,"  &c. 


The  following  is  a  good  specimen  of  Mr.  Tay1or*s  style  and  manner. 


P.  144.  **  A.  Aikin  sent  me  the  new 
edition  of  Milton's  Prose  Works.  In- 
stead of  meddling  with  Symmons's  bio- 
graphy, which  was  almost  my  whole  duty, 
1  have  reviewed  Milton's  pamphlets  one 
by  one,  as  if  they  were  new  publications.f 
It  is  pleasant  to  get  out  of  the  modem 
shrubberies  in  perpetual  flower  into  the 
stately  yew-hedge  walks,  and  vased  and 


statued  terraces,  and  fruitful  walls  and 
marble  fountains  of  the  old  school  of  ora- 
tory. Such  things  are  not  made  without 
a  greater  expense  of  study  and  of  brain* 
than  modern  method  requires,  and  yet 
there  is  a  something  of  stiffness  and  inuti- 
lity to  censure  there,  and  a  something  of 
aptness,  grace,  and  convenience  to  applaod 
here,"  5cc. 


A  Strange  instance  of  wrong  guessing  on  the  authorship  of  a  book  occurs 
in  the  following  passage. 


P.  188.  **  Can  you  tell  me  who  wrote  the 
history  of  the  Severambiant  t    I  suppose 


everybody  knows  but  myself ;  but  I  am  ill 
versed  in  literary  anecdote  and  history  of 


*  Mr.  G.  Ellis,  notwithstanding  this  portrait,  was  a  most  amiable  and  delightftil 
companion  and  converser.  His  specimen  of  the  early  English  poets  is  executed  with 
great  taste  and  critical  judgment ;  but  he  was  only  superficially  acquainted  with  the 
Saxon  language,  and,  in  his  Introduction  on  that  subject,  has  made  some  mistakes. 
It  is  much  to  be  lamented  that  he  did  not  execute  the  task  he  undertook,  of  writing 
the  life  of  his  friend  Mr.  W.  Windham,  for  which  he  collected  large  materials ;  in  his 
hands  it  would  have  been  a  most  interesting  biography.  While  the  press  is  loaded 
with  the  cumbrous  lifes  of  ordinary  persons,  how  readily  would  we  exchange  them  all 
for  a  fevr  pages  by  a  master  hand  on  such  men  as  Mr.  Pitt,  Lord  Grenville, 
Mr.  Grattan,  Marquess  Wellesley,  and  Mr.  Windham.  We  have  not  forgotten  Mr. 
Amyott*s  pleasing  biographical  sketch  of  the  last. — Rev. 

f  One  of  the  finest  of  all  Milton*s  prose  writings  is  that  on  the  Liberty  of  the 
Press,  which  Thomson  the  poet,  who  also  wrote  a  fine  poem  called  "  Liberty,"  had 
the  courage  and  good  taste  to  edit ;  bat  in  hit  day  "  Liberty  "  was  but  the  angry  cry 
of  a  disappointed  party. — Riy, 


miliam  Taylor,  of  Norwich, 


I 

I 
I 


•Inglc  Ijooka  ;  the  book  is  to  me  curioua. 
Wieland  jifeals  Troia  it  bo  often  tliat  it 
must  bave  been  a  favoiiriLe  in  bis  library  ; 
if  I  bad  to  impatc  tlie   book  by  guc^ss,  I 

Mr.  Sou  they  writes  : 

P,  12:1.  '*  1  bad  almost  forgotten  to 
■ay,  that  tbe  reaaoa  why  you  bave  not  re- 
ceived a  copy  of  my  Specimens  ist  that  it  i« 
delayed  for  bo  me  cancels.  Sad  work  liaa 
been  made  in  it  by  Bedford  if  be  has  (be- 
tween ourselTea)  played  tbe  very  devil^ 
cbanjB^ed  my  SelcctioDS^  mutilated  my 
Sketcbea,  interpolated  tbem^  superseded 
them  with  hh  own,  and^  to  crnwn  tbe 
wbolCt  omitted  iir>  many  authors,  that  I 
am  obliged  to  make  n  snppIenieDtarj  to- 
lume.  When  it  cornea  to  you  to  be  re- 
Tiewed,  you  can  fiud  enough  matter  in  tbe 
preface  to  serve  you  for  a  text :  it  is  nn 
Outline  of  our  pnettcal  bistory/* 

?.  1J:^9.  "  Are  you  sure  that  Ellis  is 
not  really  and  rightly  quoting  Leyclen^ 
who  may  have  given  your  matter  in  bia 
own  words?  I  bave  not  the  hook  to 
refer  to  J  but  you  are  aware,  I  suppo§c* 
that  there  is  a  Dr*  Leydeiii  a  very  odd 
fish,  but  A  man  of  great  antiijuarian 
knowledge  and  great  geaiui,  if  be  did  but 
know  wh«t  to  do  with  it.''t 


would  fix  on  Maurice  Ash  by,  the  trana- 
lalor  of  Xeoupbon^s  Cyropsediu,  as  the 
author.*"* 


m 


p.  '204,  "  Do  you  knowi"  asks  Mr, 
Taylor,  **  whether  the  *  Persiles  and  Sigia* 
munda  '  of  Miguel  de  Cervontea  Saavedra 
is  worth  epitomising  ?  I  presume  it  is 
posterior  Co  the  Don  Quixote,  by  tbe  pre- 
face, which  is  all  I  have  yet  read  of  it.'*§ 

P.  225.  •*  Had  Middleton  been  now  at 
Norwich,  it  is  possible  that  you  might 
have  seen  Coleridge  there,  for  M.  called 
upon  him  i»  London.  It  has  been  his 
humour  for  time  past  to  thiok«  or  rather 
to  call,  the  Trinity  a  philosophical  and 
moat  important  truth,  and  he  is  very 
much  deLighted  with  Middkton^s  work 
upon  the  subject.  Dr.  Sayers  would  not 
6iid  him  now  the  warea  Hartleyan  that  he 
has  been  ;  Hartley  was  ousted  by  Berkeley, 
Berkeley  by  Spinoza,  and  Spinoza  by 
Plato  :  when  last  1  saw  him,  Jacob 
Bebmeti  had  some  chance  of  coming  in. 
The  truth  is  that  be  plays  with  systems, 
and  any  nonsense  will  serve  him  for  a  text, 
from  which  be  can  deduce  something  new 
and  surprising,  "^'jl 


♦  Mr.  Southey  answers — **  Of  the  Sevcrambians,  I  know  nothing.*'  Of  this  Hia- 
toire  des  SeYerambei,  the  3d  ed,  was  in  ITU*-  Morhoff,  in  his  Polyhiit.  Lit.  says  that 
Isaac  VoBsius  was  the  author;  but  the  author  of  the  Recuctl  d«  Literature,  1770^ 
ISmo.  p.  43,  says*  **  II  sc  trompe,  c'est  un  certain  V^lon  ministre.'*  See  also  Scott's 
Life  of  Swift,  p.  343  j  The  Suffolk  Letters,  i.  p.  203.  It  was  translated  into  English 
in  17^7.  Hume  calls  it  an  agreeable  romance.  Ste  his  Essay s«  II-  p.  248.  Tbe 
Monthly  Rev,  (1823)  asserts  that  Baylc  wrote  the  work,  and  tliat  Mandcville  trang. 
lated  it  into  English.  A  Mons.  D'AIlaia,  Denys  Vairasse,  was  connected  with  the  history, 
the  Arst  part  of  which  appeared  in  1G75,  But  it  is  an  English  work  ;  the  first  part  was 
published  in  English  two  years  before  the  appearance  of  tbe  French  tirst  part^  which 
bears  on  its  title,  Traduite  de  I'Anglois,  though  no  English  edition  of  the  2d  part  is 
known  previous  to  the  French.  See  on  tbe  subject,  Marchand,  D.  Hist.  L  ID.  Morhoff, 
Polyh.  1.  74.     Chaudon,  Diet.  Hiat.  I.  p.  204.  Watt's  Bibl.  Brit.  L  p.  2L— Rbv. 

t  ilr.  Bedford  formed  his  Selections  for  Mr.  Southey*s  volumes  almost  entirely 
from  Mr,  R.  Hcber'a  poetical  library  at  Pimlico  ;  and  we  have  heard  Mr.  Hrbcr 
meution  tbe  very  carcies.^i  manner  in  which  this  duty  was  performed.  Not  only  should 
tbe  Selections  of  Specimens  be  revised,  but  a  largo  catalogue  of  additional  names 
sboultl  be  inserted, — Rtv. 

X  Or.  Lcyden's  power  of  acquiring  languages  was  so  extraordinary,  that  IvordMinto 
said  that  he  had  the  gift  of  tongues.  He  wrote  his  **  Scenes  of  Infancy,'*  in  rivalry  of 
his  countryman  T.  Campbell^s  Pleasures  of  Hope.  A  few  of  bis  smaller  poems,  of 
which  we  possess  one  or  two  nopublished  ones,  shew  feeling  and  genius,  aa  that  to  an 
Indian  Gold  Coin  ;  but  his  Mermaid,  in  the  Minstrelsy  of  the  Scottish  Border,  is  tawdry 
and  unnatural.  Wc  remember  breakfasting  with  him  when  be  visited  Oxford  at  Re- 
ginald Heber's  rooms,  at  Brazcnnose  ;  when  the  host,  who  was  apt  to  be  a  little  absent| 
having  made  one  or  two  practical  blnnden  before,  at  length  stood  close  to  Leyden, 
spouting  poetry,  with  a  kettle  of  boiling  water  in  bis  hand.  Leyden  started  upf  crying, 
"  What  scene  of  death  hath  Roscius  now  to  act  ?*' — Rav. 

§  The  tale  of  the  Gyjisey  Girl  (Gilanella)  wc  consider  the  beBt  of  CerTsntes*  minor 
pieces,  and  in  that  opiuioa  we  are  confirmed  by  the  authority  of  Mr.  Borrow,  who 
says  it  is  the  most  popular  in  Spain  of  all  the  works  of  Cervantes  ;  it  is  rare  to  find 
an  individual  who  hag  not  read  it.  It  stands  tbe  first  in  that  collection  of  beautiful 
fictions,  called  Novelos  exemplarcs,  &c.     Sec  Trav.  in  Spain,  L  81.— Rev. 

0  ho.  amusing  poaiage  on  the  cbaogCB  of  opinion  which  take  place  In  a  nund  both 


i 


356 


Life  and  WriiinfB  of  the  laU 


[April, 


P,  232,  **  Wordsworth's  pamplilct 
Qpon  the  cursed  Cintra  CoQvention 
(Mr>  Soutfaey  writeB)  will  be  in  tbat  struin 
of  polidcaJ  moridity  to  wbich  Hutchiu- 
fon,^  and  Milton,  and  Sidncj  could  hav€ 
»et  tbeir  hands,*  •  •  #  Both 
Coleridge  and  Wordsworth,  powerfully  as 
they  can  write,  and  profouadlj  as  they 
usually  think «  have  been  betrayed  into 
the  same  fault, — that  of  maklDg  things 
easy  of  comprehension  in  themselves  dif* 
ficatt  to  be  comprehended  by  their  way 
of  stAtiog  them  :  instead  of  going  to  the 
natural  spring  for  water,  they  seem  to 
like  the  labour  of  difgtiii^  wells.  The 
Tower  of  Babel  character  of  your 
Engll»b  oflends  them  grieirouBly;  the 
hnrdneas  of  theirs  appears  to  me  a  leas 
excusable  fault/* 

P.  346.  **  Among  the  new  acquaintance 
whom  I  made  in  London  was  Butter,  the 
CaiboHc,  whom  you  know — a  man  of  sia- 
gulmly  gentle  mind  and  manners;  but 
neither  in  intellect  nor  in  knowledge 
answerable  to  his  repatatioOf  nor  to  the 
opinion  which  I  had  been  led  to  form  of 
him.  Upon  some  parts  of  the  history  of 
his  own  Church,  on  wbich  1  expected  to 
acquire  information  from  him,  I  was  dis- 
appointed to  discover  how  much  less  he 
knew  than  I  did  myself.  I  dioed  with 
him,  enjoyed  his  claret,  coreted  some  of 
his  bookfi,  and  came  away  believing  him  to 
be  a  thoroughly  amiable  man,  and  appa- 
rently a  Tery  happy  one.  He  gave  me  his 
*  Life  of  Ft-n^lon*  and  the  note  upon 
Quietism,  which  he  has  smuggled  into 
priTate  circulation.  What  must  his  opi- 
nion be  of  his  own  Chnrch  when  he  conid 
feel  it  necessary,  or  at  least  prudent,  not 
to  appear  poblicly  as  the  author  of  any 
thing  fto  harmless  ?  He  also  made  me 
.  read  his  uncle  Alban  Butler's  account  of 
the  stigmata  of  St.  Frands*— a  point  nptm 
which  any  Catholic  may  be  crucified  in 
argrtment.  His  favourite  dream  is  of  a 
re -union  of  the  Church,  Two  things,  1 
conceive,  most  precede  this  measure,  St, 
Pierre^  a  perpetual  peace  and  a  aniverssl 
kqpMfe.    The  pei^^etntt  peace  1  do  not 


bclicre  to  be  nntttainable — ^the  other 
hardly  seems  desirable,  and  may  fairly  be 
supposed  impossible/^  dec. 

P.  345.  '*  Sir  James  Mackintosh  wrot» 
to  me  bitcly,  and  complains  heavily  of  Dr. 
Parr^s  attacking  his  Little  sketch  of  Pox's 
character,  and  adopting  a  preface  which 
intimates  that  he  *  had  made  his  peace 
with  Mr.  Pitt,,  and  b<id  bis  reward  in  his 
present  appointment.'  Both  the*e  as- 
sertions, he  adds,  are  false,  and  Dr.  Parr 
ought  to    have   known  that   they  were 

BO,"  «£C,+ 

P.  349.  **  In  the  last  No.  [of  the 
Quarterly]  I  bad  an  article  on  the  new 
system  of  Education,  from  which  all  the 
stings  we  re  drawn  be  fore  it  went  to  the  press. 
I  am  enlarging  it  for  separate  publication, 
with  an  enistlc  dedicatory  to  the  editor  of 
the  Edinbiirgh  Review;  it  will  convict 
that  review  of  gross  and  wilful  falsehood. 
SrQuokamf  It  seems,  is  the  man  whom  the 
Lord  hath  thus  delivered  into  my  hands ,  and 
the  devil  shall  not  deliver  him  out  of  them. 
It  will  be  a  heavier  blow  to  the  review 
than  that  which  they  have  received  from 
Coplcstonc ;  inasmuch  as  this  goes  di- 
rectly to  the  moral,  or  rather  Immoral, 
principle  upon  which  it  is  conducted— 
the  principle  of  lying  point-blank  when- 
ever it  serves  their  purpose,'*  &c. 
•  mm  * 

"  In  the  course  of  the  busincsi  [h'» 
brother's  promotion]  I  was  led  to  an  ac- 
quaintance with  CrokeTt  a  man  of  pleasant 
manners,  lively  talents,  and  remarkable 
quickness.  The  manner  in  which  Jeffrey 
speaks  of  the  Battle  of  TaJaTera,t  in  his 
reviewal  of  Bcott*s  Vbion,  is  a  good  tpe- 
cimen  of  the  honcstf  of  Jeffrey's  cHti- 
cism," 

P.  415.  **  The  Laureateship,  without 
my  knowledge,  was  asked  for  me  by 
Crokcr  and  given  by  the  Prince » becanse, 
ho  said,  he  had  beard  that  Mr.  S.  had 
written  well  in  snpport  of  the  Spaniards. 
The  Marquis  of  Hertford  and  Lord  U- 
Terpool  meaotime  bad  taken  coonsel  to- 
gether concerning  the  disposal  of  the  »•• 
cant  dignity  upon  the  principle  of  detur 


4 


iBCgiiMitirt  and  philosophkil,  in  the  parroit  of  truth,  through  its  deepest  ttefmm* 
WCf  bowsrer,  belleve  that  Mr.  Coleridge  could  have'given  a  very  different  aeoomt  of 
thnse  ebanns.    Midbdleton'n  book  onthe   Greek  Article  is  ■  first-rate  work  in  critt* 


KT  HwifMton^    We  1 
h*i  wna  tilt  llMtt  nail 


Mr.  Canning  a&y  that 
»ost  eloqjuent  political  trael 


•  Is  HntcUnMA  n  i 
ttOt  pnniihltit  of  Mr.  Words«ortii*i 
sinee  the  days  of  Burke. — Rnv, 

t  This  passage  refers  to  Dr.  Parr's  work,  called  Philopalris  Varvicensis,  being  n 
«oUectlOB  of  the  characters  of  Mr.  Pox,  which  app<^red  after  his  death  in  papers*  m«* 
fUBMii  1^.  That  by  Sir  James  Mackintosh  vras  in  the  Bombay  Courier.  Dr.  Pirr*i 
diief  erilidsin  on  this  memoir  Is  on  the  term  **  debater ''  instead  of  *'  orator/'  which 
Sir  J.  M.  ipBliis  to  Mr.  Vox.    See  ^  164, 259,  of  thai  work.^Env , 

t  kfombf  Mr.  Cfokir,-<*EiT. 


1844.] 


Wilham  Taylor,  of  Norxvich^ 


357 


di^niori  i  and,  fixing  upon  W.  Scott«  thej 
wrote  aad  offered  it  to  him.  Wheo  the 
Ptinoe  WM  mfonDed  of  this  he  was  dis- 
pieued,  tnd  said  thst  hU  pleasure  oo^ht 
to  bafe  been  consnlted  ;  be  had  given  it 
to  me  and  I  should  hare  it.  Upon  thia 
Croker  of  course  interposed,  obierving 
that  he  wai  upon  friendlj  terms  with 
Scott,  that  Seott  and  I  were  friends,  and 
that  for  the  sake  of  all  tbree  the  business 
muit  be  allowed  to  rest  where  it  was.  A 
letter  toon  came  to  me  tnm  6cott,  telling 
me  he  bad  refused  it,  as  not  tbinking  it 
becoming^  in  him,  who  held  two  lucrative 
professional  situations,  to  accept  of  the 
only  thing  whicb  seemed  exclusiirely  to 
belong  to  a  man  of  letters  ;  and  he  urged 
me  to  take  the  office,  if,  as  he  liad  soli- 
cited,  it  should  be  proffered  to  me.  It 
would  raise  Scott  in  your  opinion  if  you 
saw  the  frank  and  handsome  manner  in 
which  he  refuses  the  office,  considering  it, 
ai  a  mark  of  honour,  was  more  due  to  me 
than  to  himself.  Upon  this  I  wrote  to 
Croker,  expressing  my  unwillingness  to 
write  versos  at  stated  times  on  stated  sub- 
jects, like  a  school-boy  exercise  i  but 
saying,  that  if,  on  great  public  occasions* 
it  was  understood  that  I  should  be  at  li- 
berty to  write  or  to  be  sUentj  as  the  spirit 
moved,  in  that  case  the  appointment 
would  become  a  mark  of  honour,  and  as 
such  1  should  gladly  accept  it  At  the 
same  time  it  was  not  for  me  to  propose 
terms  to  the  Pnnce ;  but  I  left  him  to 
judge  how  far  such  a  reformation  was 
practicable,  and  in  what  manner  it  might 
be  clfocted«  He  told  me  that  at  some 
fitting  opportunity  he  would  suggest  to 
the  Prince  that  it  would  be  for  his  honour 
and  for  mine  to  drop  the  regular  odes.  I 
am,  however,  less  solicitous  about  this 
than  I  was  at  first,  and  that  for  two 
reasons.  First,  because  the  office  it  of 
greater  value  than  I  immediately  perceived. 
It  was  raised  for  Ben  Jonsou  from  100 
marks  to  lOD/.,  and  a  tirrce  of  Spanish  ca* 
nary  wine.  A  compensation  of  26/.  has 
been  established  for  tbe  wine ;  and  the  va> 
nous  deductions  reduce  the  whole  net  in- 


eome  to  about  90/.  But,  coming  as  a  god* 
send,  I  disposed  of  it  accordingly,  and,  by 
adding  to  it  )  2/.  a  year,  have  converted  it 
into  a  Hfe-policy  of  3000/.  It  is  paying  a 
cheap  price  for  this  legacy  to  write  one  or 
two  odes  in  the  year.  And  secondly,  I  am 
not  averse  to  the  task,  considering  the 
state  of  foreign  and  domestic  affairs,  my 
own  views  and  feelings,  and  tbe  tone 
whieb  I  feel  myself  able  to  support.  In 
me,  of  all  men,  it  would  have  been  cow* 
ardice  to  have  refused  the  appointment  $ 
and,  if  I  were  not  to  write  as  Laureate,  it 
might  seem  as  if  I  shrank  from  censurOf 
or  was  aij.hamed  of  writings  But  I  take 
the  laurel  as  an  honour  wbich  is  my  due^ 
and  OS  such  I  will  wear  it.  You  have 
here  the  whole  Iiistory  of  a  most  unex- 
pected occurrence  in  my  life.  *  •  » 
Davy  is  gone  to  France,  anticipating,  be- 
fore he  went,  the  censure  which  be  was 
conscious  of  deserving.  Mackintosh  has 
brought  back  from  India  a  diseased  liver, 
and  a  reputation  which  I  do  not  think  he 
will  be  able  to  support  either  in  parlia- 
ment or  in  his  intended  historical  labours,* 
I  met  him  at  Holland  House  and  at  Ma* 
dame  de  Stael's.  The  latter  personage  ia 
the  most  remarkable  and  the  roost  inte- 
resting of  all  my  new  acquaintance,  I  am 
retarned  to  a  world  of  occupation." 

P.  516.  **  I  wish  you  could  mountaineer 
it  with  ni  for  a  few  weeks,  and  I  would 
press  the  point  if  Coleridge  alio  were 
here :  but  even  without  him  we  could 
make  your  time  pasi  pleo&antly;  and  befit 
is  Wordsworth  to  be  seen,  ome  qf  tht 
witdetl  qf  ail  wild  beutta^  who  is  very  de« 
sirous  of  seeing  you.  •  Sir  Ywaine  '  will 
easilybe  made  to  fit  a  modern  dress.  I  wish 
you  could  see  certain  versions  of  Chaucer 
which  Wordsworth  baa  executed,  solely 
with  a  view  of  making  them  easily  intel- 
ligible, and  using  no  words  that  appear 
more  modem  than  Chaucer's  own  age ; 
ho  has  lucceedcd  admirably.  If  you  are 
disposed  to  work  upon  old  materials,  that 
work  of  Ritson'c  f  will  supply  you  with  se- 
veral subjects ;  so  perhaps  would  *  Bit 
Tristram/  if  tbe  exceeding  brerity  of  iti 


*  A  prediction  rather  haidlj  delivered,  and  certainly  not  verified;  but  Sir  J.  Mack* 
intosh  returned  from  India  with  an  enfeebled  constitution,  which  never  recovered  ;  his 
parliamentary  oratory,  admirable  in  matter  and  language,  was  oolilly  delivered,  and 
partook  too  much  of  the  lecture-room.  The  memoirs  of  him  by  his  son,  though  never 
popular,  are  valuable  storehouses  of  phfloBOphical  criticism,  bo^  OH  books  sod  men ; 
and  we  only  lament  that  any  omissions  are  madeftrom  theoriginal  mumacript,  especially 
where  the  subject  was  p&rticulnly  voluable.^ — 'Ebv. 

f  Ritson^s  Ancient  English  Metrical  Romanceti  3  vols.  1603.  In  this  work  the 
romance  of  Orfeo  and  Heurodeis  was  published  from  a  bad  MS.  and  the  Bodld&n  MS* 
of  K*  Bom  is  in  many  respectfi  prcrcrable  to  the  Harleiao,  from  which  Kitsoa  printed. 
On  the  M&  of  the  Erie  of  Thoulou,  see  Brit.  Bibliogr.  IV.  p.  1)5.  Rjtson  thought 
that  DO  English  romance  existed  prior  to  Chaueer  that  WM  not  tnukslatcd  ^om  th« 
Fxcnchi  hut  K*  Hora  i»£nglLsh  gruwth,-'Ri.\'« 


I 


358  Lift  and  WrUrngs  of  the  late  [Apiil, 

stjle  l>e  not  an  objection,  and  its  nncouth     aer, — these  form  the  poetical  trinity  of 
language  too  great  a  difficulty.     If  I  ever     England,  and  these  are  at  an  nnapproach- 


write  an  English  epic,  it  Kill  probably  be  able   distance  from  all   their 

some  Round  Table  story.     Shape  me  any  With  reference  to  these  poets,    I   place 

thing   like  a  groundwork   out  of  *  King  Dryden  at  the  head  of  the   second- rates. 

Arthur,'  aud  eris  mihi  magnua  Apollo,  I  admire,  but  do  not  lore  him ;   he  can 

But  I  do   not  like  you  to  be  employed  mend  a  rersifier,  but  could  nerer  fbrm  a 

upon   translations ;  were  it  not  shame  if  poet.     His    moral   imbedlitj    kept   him 

the  King  of  Spain  should  mint  old  plate  down :  with  powers  for  paintinf ,  he  chose 

when  he  has  the  mines  of  Potosi  at  com-  to  be  a  limner  by  trade ;  instead  of  amead- 

mand  ?     *    •    Surely  Dryden  is  not  in  ing  ages  to  come,  he  was  the  pimp  and 

the  first  class ;  Shakespere,  Milton,  Spen-  pander  of  his  own." 

Mr.  Sodtbey  writes, 

P.  522.  *'  I  have  commenced  my  cam-  Wordsworth  who  chooses    to    add    one 

paign  against  the  authors  with  a  resolution  article    more  to  the    nine-and-thirty  is 

to  censure   for  the  future  as  gently   as  brother  to  William   Wordsworth,f    has 

possible ;  in  fact  your  remark  has  risen  in  lately  married  Lloyd*s  sister,  and  is  settled 

my  conscience,  and  I  fairly  confess  that  on    his    liring    between    Yarmouth  and 

the  pride  of  saying  a  good  thing  is  but  a  Norwich.     1  do  not  know  him,  but  know 

bad  motire  for  saying  an  ill-natured  one.  that  he  is  a  good  man,  yery  stndioas,  Terj 

You,  perhaps,  have  sinned  on  the  other  sincere,  thoroughly  bigoted,  and  holdiog 

side  ;    Pinkerton   and    Maurice  are  in-  in   thorough  contempt  all  persons  who 

stances.     It  is  well  that  the  last  escaped  differ  from  his  own  orthodox  standard, 

my  hands ;  he  is  the  worst  putter-together  William  Wordsworth  is  very  desirous  of 

of  a  book  *   of  all  men    living    except  seeing  you  :  pray,  pray,  come  up  to  us  if 

Valiancy.      Dr.   Sayers's  essay  will  in-  (as  we   have  reason  to  hope)  we  should 

terest  me.     We  have,  however,  a  school  remain  here  next  summer,*'  &c. 
of  poetry  of  our  own ;  and,  of  the  present         II.  141 .  *'  The  ode  from  Oldham  t  i*  too 

race  of  poets  and  poetasters,  very  many  late  for  the  Specimens,  unluckily ;  for  what 

discover  no  traces  of  German  tSHte.    The-  we  could  find  of  him  was  good  for  little." 

Of  Raynal's  history  Mr.  Taylor  thus  speaks — 

II.  172.  *'  He  calls  the  Abbd  Raynal's  rashly,  and  he  who  inquires  after  him  will 

work  an  able  compilation :  we  think  other-  usually  find  that  much  was  narrated  as 

wise.    The  information  it  ofTera  concerning  true  which  is  wholly  invented  and  ficti- 

the  West  Indies  may  be  more  trustworthy  tious,  that  more  was  already  known  than 

than  that  concerning  the  East  Indies,  but  his  pretended  diligence  collected,  and  that 

he  who  asserts  after  the  Abb^  Kaynal  risks  his  declamatory  inferences  are  politically 

*  We  have  heard  Mr.  Southey  say  that  the  late  Dr.  Stanier  Clarke  understood  the 
art  of  getting  up  a  book  better  than  any  penon  he  knew  :  he  was  alluding  to  his 
edition,  we  think,  of  Falconer's  Shipwreck. — Rev. 

t  The  late  Master  of  Trinity ;  more  peculiarly  eminent  in  his  three  sons,  one  Head 
Master  of  Harrow,  the  other  of  Winchester,  and  the  third,  had  he  lived,  would 
probably  have  been  the  best  (ireek  scholar  in  England  ;  we  refer  to  his  review  of  Uie 
Persse  of  ^^schylus  in  the  Philological  Museum,  No.  II.  Of  such  a  brotherhood 
of  scholars  a  father  may  be  juAtly  proud. — Rev. 

X  To  Oldham  Pope  is  indebted  for  several  lines,  none  of  which  have  been  noticed 
by  the  commentators :  take  for  example  the  couplet  from  Oldham's  poem  of  the 
Lamentation  for  Adonis, 

Kiss,  while  I  watch  thy  swimming  eye-balls  roll, 
Watch  thy  last  gasp,  and  catch  thy  springing  soul. 

Comp.  Eloisa  to  Abelard, 

See  my  lips  tremble  and  my  eye-balls  roll, 
Suck  my  last  breath,  and  catch  my  flying  soul. 

(Jray  was  also  indebted  to  his  lines, 

"  Judge  of  thyself  (alone),  for  none  there  were 
Could  be  so  just,  or  could  be  so  severe," 

For  *'  And  justice  to  herself  severe.'' — Ode  to  Adversity.  And  Goldsmith  has  imitated 
and  improved  a  fine  passage  in.Oldham's  **  Letter  to  a  Friend,"  which  is,  however,  too 
long  to  extract.— Riv, 


1844.] 


WilUam  Taylor,  of  Norwich. 


S59 


unwUe.  The  Abbe*  Rayniirs  is,  id  the 
titermrj  worlds  a  dropt  book ;  hit  ia- 
tcliigefipc  h  deriviiiire^  and  hu  iouroes 
mu^t  aU  be  rcconsujted,*' 


together  with  sufficient  akill ;  bat  there  is 
little  character^  little  pasBion^  little  in. 
terestp  little  poetry.  We  were  told  of  bis 
antiqtianan  researches  for  the  coE^tume, 
and  behold  there  is  nothing  aiitiquariaa 
about  the  work  \  and  hi**  Saxons  Lave  a 
Druid  for  their  priest-  The  philoBophy 
of  the  poem  b  truly  curioui,  aod  lameDt* 
ably  characteriatic  of  the  age,"  &c. 


'*  JcfTery  talks  of  having  written  a  crush- 
ing review  of*  The  Excuraion*'  I  desired 
my  informant  would  tell  bim  that  he  might 
as  eaaily  etush  SUddaw/^ 


**  From  the  Pope  to  Lucirn  Buonapnrtc, 
the  Pope's  poet.  His  Charlemagne  has 
lowered  him  in  my  estimation,  and  almost 
induced  me  to  think  that  tbe  great  dif- 
ference between  him  and  the  rest  of  his 
fauitlyr  is  merely  that  he  ha«  been  the 
best  politieal  calcaluCor*  The  stanza  is 
well  constructed  ;  for  this  I  give  him  great 
credit,  Tbe  story  is  perfectly  free  from 
the    ordinary  vice  of  imitation^  tiud  put 

That  Mr.  Taylor's  literary  labours  were  most  constant  atid  uninterniittcd 
will  be  eafilly  gathered  frtuu  thf  foregoing  narrative  and  extracts  ■  be  eeema 
never  to  have  lost  a  day  j  the  mass  of  worka  read  and  reviewed  by  liiin 
was  immeDse,  and  when  we  add  to  these  vviiat  he  perused  m  order  to  bring 
finfficieiit  knowledge  to  his  various  tasks,  uiul  what  besides  uas  gathered 
into  his  mind  beyond  the  limits  of  \m  allotted  labours  for  ihe  gratiticution 
of  his  private  cnriosity,  the  whole  seems  such  a  massive  and  ponderous 
load  as  few  students  would  be  able  and  willing^  to  bear;"*  but  orderj  and 
regularity,  and  carcftii  disposition  of  our  time,  can  achieve  wonders  ;  and 
of  his  habits  of  life  liis  biograplier  has  given  us  an  «t musing  sketch. 

*  The  performance  of  these  tasks  was      no  admirer  of  natural  scenery^  and  to  take 


the  result  of  a  most  methodical  distribution 
of  his  time  ;  he  rose  early,  and  his  studies 
usually  engaged  his  undivided  attention 
till  noon,  when  it  was  bis  almost  daily 
practice  at  all  seasons  to  bathe  in  the 
river^  at  a  subscription  bath-hou^e  con- 
structed on  the  bank  of  the  stream  near 
its  entrance  into  the  city.  After  this  be 
tuvariublj  exercised  himself  by  walking, 
for  which  purpose  he  always  selected  a 
road  on  tbe  western  side  of  Norwich, 
leidtng  to  the  bridge  over  tbe  Weusuin  at 
Helle4»doii.  For  a  public  thoroughfare  in 
the  vicinity  of  a  targe  population  this  was 
a  comparatively  unfrequented  and  retired 
way  ;  it  passed  through  a  quiet  rural 
district^  affording  agreeable  prospects  over 
the  niurrow  valley,  where  the  bright  river 
winds  through  a  lawn  of  meadows,  bounded 
on  the  south  by  the  hamlet  of  lleighnm, 
and  on  the  north  by  a  range  of  bolder 
slop-e*,  on  which  the  villsge  of  Hellesdon 
is  situated  ;  at  one  end  the  Tiew  is  closed 
by  distant  glimpses  of  the  city,  surmounted 
by  its  ancient  castle,  and  at  the  other  tbe 
dark  line  of  Costessey  woods  skirts  the 
horizon  \  on  this  road  he  was  seen  almost 
every  day  for  many  years  between  the 
houra  of  one  and  three*     Professing  to  he 


his  chief  delight  in   *  towered  cities  and 
the  busy  hum  of  men,*  he  was  once  asked  i 
why  he  always  made  choice  of  so  secluded 
and  solitary  a  walk.    Tbe  quaint  reason 
which  he  assigned  for  his  preference  was, 
that  on  this  rood  no  fit  of  indolence  could 
at  any  time  shorten   his  allotted  term   of  1 
exercise,  as  there  were  nomeaus  of  crossdng  f 
the  river  al  any  nearer  point,  and  he  watl 
therefore  compelled  to  go  round  by  the 
bridge,  which  was  about  three  miles  distant 
from  his  residence  in  Surrey  Street.     In- 
deed  it   must  be  owned    that  he  never 
seemed  to  regard  tbe  objects  around  him,  ^ 
but  pursued  his  course  in  deep  meutal 
abstraction^    conversing   the   while   most 
animatedly    with    himself.       There    waa 
so  me  thing  lingular  too  in  his  appcaraDce  : 
his  dress  was  a  complete  stilt  of  brown, 
with  silk  stockings  of  the  same  colour  ;  ia 
this  quaker-like  attire,  with  a  full  cambric  ' 
frill  protruding  from  his  waistcoat,  and  ' 
armtid  with  a  mot>t  capacious  umbrella  in 
defiance  of  the  storm,  '  muttering  his  way- 
ward fancies  he  would  rove,*  and  fixed  the 
astonished  gaze  and  curious  attention  of  the 
few  passengers  whom  he  met.     Sometimes 
he  extended  his  walk  to  the  adjacent  village 
of  Drayton,  where,  on  a  gcnUe  eniitieace. 


•  Th«re  is  a  curious  passage  in  Burke's  "Letter  to  a  Member  of  the  National 
Assembly/'  on  the  superior  industry  of  the  French  to  ours.  "In  England  we  canniti 
work  so  hard  as  FreQchmeo.  Frequent  relajxation  is  necessary  to  us.  You  ar#  1 
naturally  more  intense  in  your  application.  I  did  not  know  this  part  of  your  natural 
character  till  I  went  into  France  in  1773.  At  present  this  your  dispos^ition  to 
labour  is  rather  increased  than  lessened,  to  your  Assembly  you  do  not  allow  your- 
lelves  a  recess  even  on  Sundays^  We  have  two  days  in  the  week,  besides  the  fettiTfJi i 
and  besides  five  or  lix  months  in  the  summer  &nd  autumn/'  (kc«  p.  6T« — li£v. 


360  Life  a$id  fFrHmgi  of  tie  hie  WilUm  IVqfbr.         [April 

■tood  the  moolderiDK  ^^1*  of  an  ancient     ruina    snggcsted  to  him    the    foUoving 
•tnictare,  on  whose  orif^in  cTen  tradition     ioaitation  of  an  Italian  aoanet  hj  Crei- 
has  no  fable,  and  whit  h  is  now  only  known     sembini  which  he  inserted  in  an  earlf 
hj  the  name  of  Uiayton  Lodfe.'    These     number  of  the  '  Iria  :* 
■  I  asked  of  Time,—*  \llio  reared  jon  towery  hall, 

>^'hich  thon  art  levelling  with  its  native  soil?' 
He  answered  not,  but  spamed  the  cmmbiing  vali* 

And  sprang  on  sounding  wing  to  further  spotL 
I  asked  of  Pame,— *  Thou,  who  canst  tell  of  all 
That  man  achieres  bj  wit,  or  foree,  or  toil—-* 
She  too  sunds  mate,  th'  un pointing  fingcn  faU^ 

Prom  the  vain  search  her  wandered  e3rei  recoU. 
I  entered.     In  the  vault  Oblivion  stood, 

Stopping  with  weeds  the  rifta  where  snnheams  ahiae ; 
From  htoiic  to  8tone  the  giant-spectre  strode. 

*  Caniit  thou  reveal,*  I  auked,  *  with  what  design — * 
A  voice  of  thunder  filU  the  dim  abode, — 

*  Whose  it  has  been,  I  rure  not, — now  'tis  mine.* 
*  From  these  rambles  he  alwnys  returned     versation  Party,  a  small  and  select  meeting 


pnnctually  at  three  oVlock,  and  devoted     of  both   sexes,   intended,    as    the 

the  remainder  of  the  dav  to  the  pleasures  denotes,  to  imitate  on  an  inferior  acale  the 

•«/?f' **^"     ""  ""^^y  ^^^^  •*o»»«»  ei^l^cr  Conversazione  of  Italy  ?  but.  as  the  parties 

onwriuimng  a  small  company  at  his  own  were  brought  together  expressly  to  talk, 

of  it*  T'    *'**'^^^8  ^^^  ^east  •  at  that  of  one  the  true  English  disUkc  to  be  agreeable 

wr»r!i"   ^^    1*     ^"convcrsatianal  powers  on     compulsion    frequently     tied    their 

were   now   in  their   fullest  vigour;   the  tongues,   and  the  evening   would    often 

Siitv  of  *       ^^^^^  "^  P"^'  "*^  ^*^«  P~-  *^*^«  been  duU  if  William  Tkyhir's  col- 

nttem  f  **"'^**°°^^*^™®^"' •  "°P^*"^^  loquial  resources  had  not  enlivened  the 

deflorr  1  *J  !^**d»«d  eloquence  dimmed  or  hour.     Still  even  he  was  not  always  at 

waafrl?     J**"  ^"K*»tneM;    their  course  his    ease  on   these  occasions;   althon^^ 

SDarhr            natural,  their  flow  lively  and  punctiUously  polite  to  females,  be  seemed 

flutiei*?^'-  ^^^  ™^^*  °'  '*«*<^  ^^*'     ^  ^^^  ^***^  "*■  '**^*^  °^  ■'^^y  "^  ""^ 

halo  ^  ^^^  ^^'"^  ^^^^"^  *  prismatic     train  of  thinking  were  not  calculated  to 

leami'^^^  r  *^*  ^^^^  '°'™  ^^  "^^^^^  "»*^*^  ^*™  '"^  ***^P*  ^^  g«lhmtry.  Some. 
qiiaUtT^  directed  the  light  to  fall.  Tliese  times  his  amusing  anecdotes  and  UvsIt 
eble  e^*  ^  '  ****"  everywhere  an  accept-  descriptions  were  eminently  snccesslhl, 
^oapitart^"**"!**'  ***^  ^^^^*^  ^"  generous  and  when  these  failed  he  would  read 
*o   awuW  °^^  ^^  "°^-*^^  intercourse     passages  from  some  new  and  popnlar  work ; 

others  |>*^°'','^*Po«^»"g  disnositions  in  he  read  well,  but  poetry  with  a  peculiar 
•«>Kaireinr  ^  ** J^  "**  almost  daily  dinner  tone,  adopting  the  foreign  CdniUemm  as 
•ocietiea       I*-*  ^^^^  various  clubs  and     far  as  the  accentuation  of  our  Isngnsfe 

Amonir   n^     *^**   ^^   regularly    atteuded.     and  the  taste  of  his  audience  woold  per- 

W     li  n»ay  be  noticed  the  Con-     mit." 

ambiUo  *^^^  ^"^^  ^  *^^  ^'***''  **"*  ^**^^  vohiuiea  been  published  in  a  lets 
the  \nnA^  manner,  had  the  editor  given  us  a  plain  and  brief  statement  of 
•^spond  *"^  Incidents  in  Mr.  Taylor's  life,  followed  that  with  the  cor- 
Kteratuit"*^^!  ^^^i^^"  ^""  »"^  ^^^'  Soulhey.  which  is  full  of  elegant 
letter  m-H^  k  '^^^^^^  composition,  and  closed  the  whole  with  Miss  Aikin's 
*o  be  8ai  1  ^  contains  in  a  very  graceful  composition  all  that  is  necessary 
the  accoto  '^^^''^^*"8  *^c  intellectual  powers,  and  modes  of  thinking,  and 
^'^veraial  ,  ^**^*"*^V^'*  of  t^»e  subject  of  this  memoir,  omitting  all  the  con- 
'^form  n  I  ^^''.'P^ion  about  Malthus's  theory,  and  corn  laws,  and  Charch 
Volume  \v  r^'*ff'®"*  liberality,  and  then  comprised  the  whole  in  a  single 
^is  frifliji^  "»"ik  he  had  done  more  judiciously  as  regards  the  reputation  of 
®ftcct  of  i\^  *"^^^  successfully  for  the  sale  of  his  work.  As  it  is,  the 
the  excenf '^  ^'bole  is  heavy,  and  the  chief  attraction  to  most  readers,  with 
the  Laurcar^-^f  ^'"'  '^'^y*^*^'®  friends,  will  be  the  warm-hearted  letters  of 
^hich  bri  rl^/  ^^  simplicity  and  confidence,  and  of  that  literary  enthusiasm 
^^^  Patb  »  ?'^^  ^"^  embellishes  the  morning  of  life,  but  as  we  proceed  on 
^**t«ily  (]i*^!^^'^^'y  ^<^l^  behind  us,  fades  and  lessens  to  our  vicw«  and  then 
^  "*«^PpeaiB. 


16440 


Langhome  nn  miiator  of  Johnson. 


Mb-  Urban, 
I  THINK  if  Ihe  following  e^ilracla 
wbich  I  «end  you  were  read  aloud, 
most  pereons  who  hoard  theru  would 
imagine  they  were  taken  from  John> 
9on'»  Raaselaa;  such  appears  to  me 
in  be  the  re^embtaoce  tii  the  style  and 
I  he  turn  of  eicprf&sion.  They  are, 
however,  to  be  found  in  a  I  ale  called 
Solyman  and  Almetia,  by  Dn  Jobo 
Langborne,  which  I  presunoe  to  be 
but  tittle  known,  and  which  should 
have  been  noticed  by  the  critics  as  a 
direct  imitation  of  Johnson's  popular 
work  of  fiction.  Rasselas  appeared 
in  1759,  Laogborne'fl  story  in  17G"2. 
It  was  dedicated  to  the  Queen, 

Yours.  &c,    J,  M. 

*'  *  My  son/  tfaid  Ardavan,  '  let  not 
four  curio*ity  interrupt  your  happi- 
Desa.  All  that  nature  can  give  you  is 
In  the  valley  of  Irwan.  Here  you  are 
cherished  by  the  eye  of  affection,  and 
indulged  with  ali  the  bounties  of  the 
eternal  sun*  Travel  i^  often  danger- 
ous, and  always  inconvenient.  Your 
knowledge  of  men  may  be  purchased 
'"experiencing  their  treachery,  their 
[cruelty,  and  their  pride;  the  un* 
IWispectiDg  innocency  of  your  heart 
rill  expose  you  to  the  deiigns  of  the 
setfieh,  and  the  insolence  of  the  vain ; 
you  will  wandiT  from  place  to  place 
only  for  amusement;  as  your  heart 
can  have  no  connexions  that  time  or 
interest  have  rendered  dear  to  you, 
you  will  be  little  affected  by  anything 
you  see,  and,  what  is  more  than  ik\\, 
your  virtue  will  be  endangered  ;  when 
you  b<!hold  the  universal  prevalence  of 
vice,  and  when  your  eye  is  attracted 
by  the  flowery  paths  in  which  she 
teems  to  tread,  you  will  find  it  difiicuU 
to  withstand  the  force  of  exarapUv  and 
the  blandi&hments  of  pleasure.'  So- 
lyroan  humbled  himself  and  replied, 
'  Prince  of  the  sages  that  dwell  be- 
tween the  rivers,  Ut  your  ear  be  patient 
to  the  words  of  youth.  Can  Ardavan 
doubt  the  integrity  of  the  heart  which 
his  precept*  have  formed  to  virtue,  or 
fear  that  Sol y man  should  become  the 
slave  of  vice  ?  I  am  not  a  stranger  to 
the  manners  of  men,  though  1  have 
mixed  but  little  among  them  ;  nor  am 
I  unacquainted  with  the  temptations 
to  which  I  shall  be  exposed,  nor  un- 
prepared to  withstand  them.  Travel 
may  be  attended  with  some  incon- 
Gent.  Mag.  Vqk.  XXJ* 


venience,  but  it  has  many  advantages. 
Next  to  the  knowledge  of  our&elves, 
most  valuable  ia  the  knowledge  of 
nature  ;  and  this  is  to  be  acquired  only 
hy  attending  her  through  the  variety 
of  her  works.  The  more  we  behold 
of  these,  the  more  our  ideas  are  en* 
larged  and  extended,  and  the  nobler 
and  more  worthy  conceptions  we  must 
entertain  of  that  Power.  w*ho  is  the 
parent  of  universal  being,*  *'  &c. 

•  •  •  • 

"  In  five  days  he  arrived  at  Ispahan. 
The  beauty  and  magnificence  of  that 
extensive  city  engaged  his  attention 
for  many  days.  He  was  now  asto* 
nished  at  the  stupendous  efforts  of  in- 
dustry, and  now  delighted  at  the  elc* 
gance  of  art.  But  by  these  he  thought 
himself  rather  amused  than  instructed  ; 
and  he  perceived  that  day  after  day 
departed  from  him  without  being  dis- 
tinguished  either  by  the  acquisition  of 
knowledge,  or  the  practice  of  virtue ; 
he  therefore  frequented  the  places  of 
public  resort,  and  endeavoured  to  form 
such  connexions  as  were  most  likely 
to  promote  both,"  &c. 

•  •  •  • 

"  '  All  the  good  things  of  life/  an- 
swered I  he  merchant,  '  are  complicated 
w^ith  evils,  If  wealth  be  not  desirable 
because  it  may  lead  us  into  luxury,  or 
inflame  us  with  pride,  no  more  would 
the  sanguine  cheerfulness  of  health, 
lest  it  should  betray  us  \nio  licentious- 
ness. There  are,  it  is  to  be  feared, 
many  whose  manners  arc  depraved  by 
riches;  but  there  are  likewise  many 
who  employ  them  in  the  diffusion  of 
knowledge^  or  the  relief  of  ignorance/  " 

ace. 

•  •         •         • 

"'The  love  of  harmony/  replied 
the  merchant,  '  is  in  man  a  natural 
passion  ;  there  is  something  metrical 
and  numerous  In  his  motions,  his  ac- 
tions, and  his  words,  and  he  has  al- 
ways endeavoured  to  reduce  the  last 
to  a  kind  of  poetical  measure,  even 
when  the  art  of  writing  was  unknown 
or  unpractised.  The  art  of  poi'lry  in 
Great  Britain  has  of  late  years  been 
brought  to  great  perfection ;  the  lan- 
guage of  the  country  is  both  nvivout 
and  harmonious,  and  calculated  (0  ex- 
press the  tender  and  «u!»lirTii%  in  both 
which  ijpecies  of  writing  we  havepoeta 
that  have  never  been  excelled »  Though 
the  EngUsh  are  in  general  of  a  lest 
3  A 


362 


Langhone't  Spfymim  mi  AlmetU. 


[April, 


■prightly  tarn  than  their  neighbours 
the  French,  yet  in  the  active  powers 
of  imagination,  in  the  Bights  of  fancy, 
and  the  strains  of  humour,  their 
writings  are  by  no  means  inferior. 
Hence  the  English  poetry  is  not  only 
harmonious,  but  sentimental  and  pic- 
turesque, abounding  with  strong  images 
and  lively  description.  My  country- 
men have  attempted  every  species  of 
poetry, and  have  excelled  in  each.'"  &c. 

•  •  •  « 

"  When  the  dawn  of  the  morning 
broke,  Solyman  and  the  merchant, 
with  the  most  grateful  acknowledg- 
ments of  the  hospitality  with  which 
they  had  been  entertained,  left  the 
cottage  of  Arden,  followed  by  the  kind 
wishes  of  their  host  and  his  admirable 
family.  They  travelled  for  some  days 
through  the  southern  provinces  of 
Persia,  without  any  remarkable  occur- 
rence or  any  other  entertainment  than 
such  as  could  be  found  in  the  diversity 
of  prospects,  and  the  different  labours 
of  men.  Sometimes  they  aroused 
themselves  with  the  contemplation  of 
those  places  which  history  had  marked 
out  as  the  scenes  of  great  events,  and 
sometimes  had  occasion  to  reBect  on 
the  perishable  monuments  of  human 

magnificence,"  &c. 

•  •  •  • 

"'Heavens!'  said  Solyman,  'what 
madness  must  possess  mankind  to 
lodge  unlimited  power  in  the  hands  of 
any  one  humau  being  !  When  the 
decree  of  justice  must  be  issued  by 
numbers  united,  there  are  many  means 
of  restraining  partial  or  illegal  sen- 
tences. Self-interest,  revenge,  envy, 
and  every  other  cause  of  perverting 
justice,  would  then  operate  fully  when 
opposed  by  public  shame,  divided  in- 
terests, and  the  open  appearance  of 
equity.  But  what  comfort  can  you 
receive  from  useless  declamation?  I 
can  help  you  to  the  means  of  deliver- 
ance from  this  wretched  prison  ;  and 
I  think  that  you  are  restrained  by  no 
principle  of '  duty  from  embracing 
them,  for  it  is  impossible  that  divine 
power  should  enforce  obedience  to  the 
decree  of  injustice/  "  &c. 

•  •  •  • 

"  To  find  that  the  bands  of  music 
at  court  consisted  only  of  women  gave 
him  no  disgust.  'There  (said  the 
traveller)  the  ladies  are  in  their  proper 
sphere.    Let   them  cultivate  all  the 


soft  and  engaging  graees,  let 
employ  themselves  in  the  embelliah- 
roents  of  art  and  the  eicorsioDs  of 
fancy ;  but  let  them  not  Interfere  in 
the  important  concerns  of  government, 
Dor  raise  those  to  the  places  of  power 
whose  accomplishments  are  suited 
only  to  their  taste/  "  &r. 

•  •  •  • 

" '  You  have  seen,  my  friend,  (said 
she,)  almost  everything  in  Delhi  that 
is  worth  the  attention  of  a  stranger ; 
but  I  suppose  you  do  not  make  it  yoar 
business  as  a  traveller  merely  to  attend 
to  what  is  uncommon  or  magnificent, 
not  merely  to  explain  the  different 
operations  of  nature,  and  the  manners 
of  men.  Travel  must  afford  you  many 
opportunities  to  relieve  the  indigent, 
to  comfort  the  afflicted,  to  inform  the 
ignorant,  or  to  rescue  the  oppressed* 
Within  my  morning  walk  there  is  a 
cottage,  the  inhabitants  of  which  i 
call  my  people;  they  are  all  poor* 
To  those  that  are  able  to  labour,  I 
propose  rewards  for  the  greatest  in- 
dustry ;  and  those  who  are  incapaci- 
tated by  age  or  sickness  I  take  under 
mv  own  protection,'  "  &c. 

•  •  •  • 

" '  Is  it  possible,'  said  Solyman, 
'  that  you  can  think  the  condition  of 
celibacy  happier  than  that  of  marriage  ? 
Undoubtedly  the  principal  happiness 
of  mankind  depends  on  the  intercourse 
of  society,  and  the  connexions  of 
friendship.  Marriage  is  nothing  else 
but  a  state  of  friendship,  in  which  the 
friends  by  uniting  their  interests  have 
a  constant  and  uninterrupted  enjoy- 
ment of  each  other.  Nature  aids  the 
union,  and  reason  approves  it.  Can 
any  condition  bid  fairer  for  happiness 
than  that  in  which  the  mutual  delights 
of  friendship  can  only  be  torn  from  us 
by  the  hand  of  death?'  'There  may 
be  some  truth,'  answered  she,  'in 
what  you  observe ;  but  there  is  an  in- 
constancy in  human  nature  that  makes 
it  dangerous  even  for  two  friends  to 
enter  into  any  connexion  that  cannot 
be  broken ;  and  an  unaccountable  ca- 
price, that  makes  us  quarrel  with  our 
nappiness,  because  we  are  sure  of  en- 
joying it.'  '  Were  we  deterred  from 
every  pursuit,'  said  Solyman,  '  by  the 
apprehension  of  those  inconveniences 
which  the  foibles  and  frailties  of  our 
nature  might  bring  upon  us,  we  should 
never  be  either  virtaoas  or  happy*  but 


1844.] 


The  Election  of  Popes.Sixiui  V, 


i)63 


might  [angiiiRh  away  otir  liveA  in  soli* 
tary  and  uosocial  iotlolence.  To  avoid 
the  inconveDieDcea  of  bumaQ  iacon- 
stancy,  marriage  ia  surely  the  best  in- 
atituttOD  in  the  world  \  far  what  could 
be  more  likely  to  fix  the  inconstant 
than  the  habitual  ioterrourse  of  kind- 
ne^a  and  good  of£c€s,  than  that  grali* 
tude  which  is  due  to  the  long  exercise 
of  affectionate  tenderness,  and  those 
dear  pledges,  which  must  depend  for 
happiness  and  f.upport  on  the  unani- 
mity of  their  parents  ?'  "  &c.* 

Ma,  Uhban, 

THE  hiatorian  Ranke  Has  ques- 
tioned, or  indeed  rejected  as/afirifoiw, 
the  received  account  of  the  election  of 
Pope  Sixtus  V.  ;  and  the  subject  has 
been  treated  by  your  Cork  corres- 
pondent^  as  determined  by  that  writer. 
Hanke  haa  certainly  shown,  that  eome- 
thing  of  a  similar  artifice  wa*  attri- 
buted to  Paul  ItL,  and  that  Atuise 
Conlarttii,  in  bis  Relatione  delta  Cortc 
di  Rom  a,  from  1632  to  1635,  a  peaks 
of  the  aame  kind  of  deception  as  being 
atill  practised  by  ambittuua  cardinals. f 

In  your  Magazine  for  August  last, 
p,  \bi,  I  had  ventured  a  supposition, 
that,  as  leti  was  a  Protestant,  tbia 
atory  would  not  have  been  adopted 
nmoog  Romanists  upon  bis  authority 
only,  and  that  it  must  have  come  from 
some  other  source.  Supposing,  for 
argument's  sake,  that  it  were  apocry- 
phal, the  probability  ia,  that  it  ori- 
ginated with  the  Spanish  party,  who 
persecuted  his  memory,  "  the  Inquisi- 
tion of  SpEtin  having  received  witnesacs 
to  prove  that  the  infalUbk  oracle  of 
the  law  was  a  favourer  of  heretics." 
(Llorente,  p.  351,  c,  xxvii.)  There  is 
an  anecdote  in  the  Thuana,  which, 
though  obviously/a&iif^i/jf.  was  incha^ 
racter  with  the  belief  of  the  age,  and 
would  find  many  minds  disposed  to 


I  may  add  that  Langhorne  was  a 
I  of  gcnios,  and  an  elegant  poet*     We 

>  iadcbtcd  to  him  for  the  first  collected 
edition  of  Colli Qs*s  Poems.  Mr.  Words- 
worth, we  know,  baa  expre&aed  his  ap- 
probation of  Laaghorne'a  plaintive  story, 
Owen  of  Carron. 

f  A  similar  feigaiDg  of  inflrmHy,  ia 
ord<?r  to  escape  trouble  or  publicity,  wos 
attributed  to  reigning  popes,  iiccordiog  to 
Sir  Henry  Wotton.  (Gent,  Mag*  Sept* 
1941,p.  S5:i) 


credit  it.  The  essence  of  the  story  ttjj 
that  he  sold  his  soul  to  the  devil,  oiif 
condition  of  enjoying  the  popedom  fori 
b\%  years^  and  was  cheated  out  of  onsf 
of  them  by  a  quibble.  It  is  also  givenl 
in  Constable's  Table-Talk,  page  1 13.  J  J 

But  it  further  appears,  that  the  story  1 
of  Montallo's  election  is  contemporary  I 
with  himself,  ior  it  occurs  in  a  life  of  1 
him,  written  only  the  year  after  his  j 
death,  but  of  which  the  historian  was  [ 
ignorant.  In  an  article  on  Ranke,  \\%\ 
the  Church  of  England  Quarterly  Re* 
view,  for  April  1841,  this  account  \%\ 
given  of  the  memoir,  after  arguing  ia  j 
favour  of  Leti's  general  credibility: 

**  There  ia  now  on  our  tabic  a  well  | 
written  Italian  MS.  the  title  of  which  w^j 
copy  :  *  Vita  del  Sommo  Poutifico  Sij[tus  | 
V.  composto  da  un'autore  annnimo,  e  di-  j 
cats  al  merito  Subliojo  deP  Sigrior  Anto»] 
nio  Nati  Romano.  L'Anoo  MDXCl.*  l%\ 
is  in  folio,  and  containa  one  hundred  and] 
eighty-three  folia.  It  is  anonymous,  as  it  1 
professea  to  be,  but  its  dedication  is  soma  I 
warrant  of  credibility.  Now,  upon  exami*] 
nation,  it  appears  that  much  of  Leti'aj 
history,  and  even  the  account  of  Sixtus*s| 
election,  oolnctdes,  in  whole  senteoo 
and  nearly  verbatim,  with  this  MS," 


X  *'  The  SpaaiarilB,  who  dialiked  Sixtaal 
V.  circulated  a  report  that  he  had  sold  I 
himself  to  the  devil,  on  condition  of  hial 
enjoying  the  popedom  for  aix  years.  Af*| 
ter wards,  said  they,  it  happened  that  a  J 
young  man,  aged  nineteen,  committed  ft] 
murder  in  Rome,  and  his  judges  rcpre*  I 
seated  to  the  Pope,  that,  though  guilty,  1 
his  execution  could  not  take  place,  the  I 
law  requiring  twenty  years  of  age  before  ft  j 
capital  piiniahment  could  be  indicted,  f 
The  Pope,  vexed  at  thia  diaappointmeul  j 
of  the  ends  of  justice,  answered,  without  j 
thinking,  '  O,  if  that  is  all,  I  will  kud^ 
him  one  of  mine.'  At  the  end  of  firftj 
years,  Sixtu^  fell  sick  ;  the  devil  appeared*  \ 
and  told  him  be  waa  come  to  carry  him  ] 
off.  Sixtos  told  him  hia  time  was  noil 
come,  AS  only  five  years  out  of  the  ai»f 
bad  elapsed  \  but  the  devil  reminded  hiiili 
of  his  promise  on  the  execution  of  the  I 
young  man,  and  immediately  put  an  end  j 
to  bis  life,"  He  may,  in  a  moment  of) 
bitter  jocalarity,  have  used  those  words, 
when  some  criminal  endeavoured  to  abelter 
himself  under  a  plea  of  minority.  *'  II 
moutra  une  rigucur  extreme  dans  lea 
moyens  qu'il  employs  pour  procurei-  IftJ 
surety  publique  .  .  *  .  La  people  Romaia] 
brisa  la  statue  qu'on  lui  avoit  elev^e  :  1«1 
ft^vdnt^*  do  Sixtfl  lui  avoit  rendu  odieux***  j 
(De  Feller,  DiCT.) 


364 


Pious  Frauds* 


[Aprilt 


Having  read  this  account.  I  took  the 
liberty  of  nmking  some  further  inquiry 
of  the  writer  of  the  review  tlhe  author 
of  the  History  of  the?  Council  of  Trent, 
and  of  the  Literary  Policy  of  the 
Church  of  Rome,)  who  has  obligingly 
given  mt  the  information  I  wlshct). 
The  MS*  resembles  that  from  which 
he  printed  the  Acta  Concilia  Tridentitii 
of  Paleotto,  though  apparently  more^ 
modern,  and  mure  unilurm  in  thedtyle 
of  wntiog.  On  comparirig  it  with  the 
Italian  of  Leti,  the  language  afipears 
almost  the  same«  though  sometimes 
varied.  Concerning  the  election  of 
Sixtua,  I  may  add,  a*  a  specimen  of 
the  narrative,  that  the  anonymous 
biographer  says,  it  was  a  gfeat  plra- 
6ure,  in  the  coucluvc,  lo  see  Montalto 
andare  con  il  mho  batttofirelh,  tpuiando 
ad  ogni  panan,  9o»pir(imio  a  causu  de 
dohri.  And  the  conclave  judged  his 
reign  would  be  *hort  (if  he  were 
chosen)  mentre  per  h  uue  incommudifa 
flton  li  lajtcimana  Ubero  il  rttpirot  ^'C. 

I  formerly  quoted,  in  illustration  of 
such  pretences,  the  words  of  the  ex- 
queen  of  Sweden,  Cbrislina, — "  II  est 
permls  de  trompcr  lea  Fnnemis  comme 
il  est  permis  de  les  vaincre/'  (Pen- 
ti^es.  Cent,  xi.  61*  6ee  Gent.  Mag. 
Sept.  1841,  p.  253.) 

This  aphorism,  however,  suffers  hy 
comparisna  with  one  of  Avyar,  a  fe- 
tnak*  Indian  sage,  **  Do  not  deceire 
even  thine  own  enemy."  (Asiatic 
Researches,  vol.  vti.  p,  356,  8vo.  cd. 
1503.)  But  Christina  lived  in  an  age 
of  lax  casuists,*  from  whom  she  might 
have  learned  the  precept  of  the  De- 
cretals, **  Simu latin  utilis  est.  et  in 
tempore  assumenda/'f  to  which  the 
language  of  Seneca,  **  Simulatio  nihil 
proficit/*  (Kp.  79,  in  Hue)  raay  serve 
as  an  antidote.  These  erroneous  ethics 
may  be  traced  in  turn  to  those  of  the 
fourth  century  (see  Moaheim,  cent  iv, 
2,  iii.  IC)  hi  which  period  we  are  so 
Hi  ten  referred  as  the  golden  age  of 
Christianity.  One  particular  kind  of 
ileception,  namely,  feigning  one's  self 
Ui  be  a  heretic  in  order  to  discover 
Jieretica,  condemned  by  Augustine  in 
hh  •ecood  Book,  or  Treatise  Om  Ljfhg, 

*  See  particularly  MiUot,  Hist.  Mod. 
3il  epoch,  Tii.  5* 

t  Dec.  Pam  '/,  Cam.  2?.  ttarst.  ?, 
f.  '2ti5,  cd*  Piris,  toMH.  (Quoted  in 
^inithey'i  Yiadiciie,  p.  au.) 


(see  Clarke's  Succession  of  Sacred  Li- 
terature, vol.  ii.  p.  23.)  re-appears  in 
the  fourteenth  century,  recommended 
by  the  Dominican  Eymeric.  it  occure 
in  his  Guide  to  Inquisitors,  '*  a  maa^ 
terly  work,  (says  Dun  Antonio  Puig- 
blanch,)  whose  authority  in  the  (nqui* 
sition  may  be  compared  to  the  Decree 
of  Gratian  in  the  other  ecclesiastical 
courts  ;  a  work  in  short  \vhich  has 
served  as  a  model  for  all  the  regula- 
tions which  have  h«en  in  force  in 
Spain,  Italy,  and  Portugal,  and  as  aa* 
thority  for  all  who  have  written  on  the 
subject/'J  The  second  of  his  precau- 
tionst  as  he  gently  terms  them,  is  the 
counterpart  of  the  fraud  which  Au- 
gustine reprobated. 

**  Habeai  inqubitor  unum  de  compH- 
cibui,  sen  ulium  verc  nd  lidem  conversumt 
et  de  qtio  betie  coatidere  possit  illi  capto 
non  int^ratum^  et  pennittat  iUum  intrare. 
et  faciat  quod  il)e  1iX|Uiitur  sibi ;  et  si 
opus  fueriC  Jingai  te  de  »ecia  nut  adhuc 
e99e,  scd  metu  abjurassCf  vel  Terifatein  in* 
qui^itori  prodidisse.  Et  quum  bsreticus 
Cftptus  canltdent  in  eo*  intrct  quodiun  sero 
protrahcndo  locutioncs  cam  e<Jdem,  et 
tandem  Jingai  nimis  esse  tarde  pro  re- 
cessa^  et  remaneat  in  carcere  cum  eodem, 
et  de  Qocte  pariter  cotloquontur,  et  dic4iit 
sibi  mutuo  quie  commiscruut,  iUe,  qui 
superiatravit,  inducente  ad  hoc  captum  ; 
et  tunc  sit  ordinatum,  quod  steriL  extra 
carcercm  in  loco  congruo  cxp1orantefi,etis 
auscultantes,  et  verba  colligenteSi  et  si 
opus  fueritf  notarios  com  eisdem.*'  (Di* 
rector,  loquidt.  part  lil.  n.  1U7.) 

Had  this  occurred  only  as  an  in* 
stance,  it  would  excite  less  disgust  and 
horror,  than  it  does  as  a  rule  for  Judicial 
practice,  in  which  shape  it  became  a 
KTrjyka  tt  an  for  bigotry  and  cruelty. 
How  appropriate  is  the  comment  of 
MelancthoD  on  the  words  of  the  deca- 
logue, non  dicaM  faUum  (ctiimoHium, 
*'  Violant  enim  hoc  prajcrptum  .  *  .  . 
omnes  qui  hypocrisi  sua  insidiantur 
aliis,  et  non  ingenue  ostendunt  f[urid 
tentiuDt,  etquttiis  ^it  natufn,'*  though, 
if  he  had  thought  of  Eymeric'i 
mendacious  precaiUion,  he  would 
surely  have  spoken  more  vehemently. 
(Loci    Commuacd,     vol*    i.  p.    I36« 


%  loqntsition  Unmasked,  (Inqnliidon 
tin  Mascara,)  tranvkted  by  VVahoa,  vol. 
L  p.  8i7«  The  ortgin&l  work  was  sup* 
preaicd  in  1  did,  by  ^  inu  nisi  tor- gejieml, 
Don  FkvBciaoo  Xaricr  Mier  y  Cainpillaf 
with  the  approbation  of  Fcrdioaod  VI L 


1 8^14] 


Moskeitns  notice  of  St*  Eligius, 


365 


eil.  ErlangfP,  1828.)  This  hand  ex- 
plifcins  a  remark  of  Voltaire's  on 
the  Proviocial  Letters^  allufiin!^  to 
the  extravagant  opinions  of  certain 
Jesuits.  "  On  les  aurait  dJterri^es 
musii  bien  chez  dcs  casutdti^s  domini- 
coins  et  franciscaiQ'^ ;  mais  c'etait  aux 
skills  Jeanilea  qti*on  en  voulaiL" 
CSiecte  de  Louis  XIV.  c.  37-)  The 
double  fraud  of  first  feigning  one'i 
self  ahcretic,  and  then  pretending  that 
it  ia  too  late  to  leave  the  prisoner's  cell, 
equals  any  of  the  abominatmna  that 
Pascal  has  exposed.  The  hypocrisy 
which  assumes  the  appearance  of 
virtue,  shows  at  least  a  reluctant  re- 
spect for  tt,  hut  that  which  puts  on  the 
mask  of  error  is  of  the  very  basest 
kind. 

2.  Having  partly  acquiesced  in  the 
charge  of  omisaloo  brought  against 
Mosheim  (Gent.  Mag*  August,  p,  152) 
I  would  now  mention^  that  it  was 
done  in  ignorance  of  the  defence  which 
Southey  has  introduced  into  his  Vin- 
dicim.  The  passage  ia  a  curious  one, 
as  shewing  the  progress  of  misconcep- 
tion, and  coneequently  of  misrepre- 
sentation, although  unintentionaL 

'*  I  nm  called  upon  (says  Southey,  re- 
plyiDg  to  Mr,  Charles  Butler,)  to  aotiee 
here  the  mlsreprtscntfttioa  concerning  St. 
Rligius,  wbirh  Dr.  Liiigupd  has  d«tfcted, 
and  which  you  have  bruaght  fom'ard  in 
the  strongest  light." 

After  pointing  out  that  it  was  evi- 
dentlif  unintentional,  he  thua  proceeds  : 

"  It  originated  with  Musheim,  an  au* 
thor  whose  erudition  it  wouhl  be  super- 
fluous in  me  to  commend,  and  io  whose 
Jideiityf  as  far  as  my  researches  have  lain 
in  the  flame  track,  lean  ttenr /nil  tesiu 
iftony.  Cnntnisting  m  hU  text  the  primi- 
tive Christians  with  those  of  the  seventh 
century,  he  says,*  Hhe  former  taught  that 
Christ,  by  his  sttfrerinG;s  and  death,  had 
made  atonemfut  for  the  siiia  of  mortals  ; 
the  latter  seemed  by  their  superstitious 
doctrine  to  exclude  from  the  kingdom  of 
heaven  such  a«  had  not  contribuied  by 
their  olTerings  to  augment  the  riches  of 
the  clergy  or  the  church.^  And  in  sup- 
port of  thu  statement  he  adduces,  in  a 
note,  the  pa!<SR4;es  from  St.  EUgius 
wherein  that  prelate  exhorts  his  hearers 
to  redeem  their  own  souls  by  offering  gifts 
and  tithes  to  the  churches,   presenting 


*  English  TraaalatioD,  vol  ii«  p*   21, 
2nd  edition. 


lights  to  the  sacred  places  in  their  neigh- 
bourhood, and  making  oblations  to  the 
altar,  that  at  the  last  day  they  miifht  ap- 
pear securely  before  the  tribunnl  of  the 
Eternal  Jtid|[e,  and  say,  *  Give  unto  ua,  O 
Lord,  forwc  have  given  unto  thee*'  **  (P, 
60,  61. 

After  remarking  that  the  bistory  of 
the  Mortmain  laws  shews  to  what  an 
extent  the  clergy  abused  their  in- 
fluence over  the  minds  of  men,  Mr. 
Southey  continues : 

**  The  passage  from  Eligius  is  strictly  in 
point  to  the  assertion  in  the  t^fxt ;  aud 
Mosheim  cannot  he  accused  of  garblini; 
the  original,  because  he  hoa  not  slicwn 
that  these  exhortations  were  accomp  tnied 
with  others  to  the  practice  of  christian 
virtues.  To  have  done  this  would  have 
been  altogether  irrelevant ;  hut  hy  not 
doing  so  he  has  misled  his  translator 
[Mnclaine] ,  who,  supposing  that  St.  Eli- 
gius  had  required  nothing  more  than 
liberality  to  the  Church  from  a  good 
christian,  observes,  that  he  roakes  no 
mention  of  other  virtues.  The  in  lii  re  pre- 
sentation on  his  part  was  plainly  unin- 
tentionitl,  and  it  was  equally  so  in  Robert- 
son, wbo  followed  htm  ;  and,  however 
censnrable  both  may  be  for  cOQimenCing 
thus  hastily  upon  an  extract  witliout  ex. 
aminiog  fhe  context,  Mosheim  is  clearly 
acquitted  of  all  blame."  (P.  61.) 

That  riobertsoo  should  fall  intn  this 
error,  Mr.  Urhan,  is  easily  accounted 
for,  after  reading  a  passage  about  him 
in  the  Walpoliana,  which  appears  to 
be  juit,  though  a  recent  article  in  the 
Quarterly  Review  (No.  144)  has 
shaken  the  general  character  of  that 
miscellany. 

**  His  introduction  to  the  History  of 
Charles  V.  abounds  with  gross  mistakes. 
In  tneotioning  the  little  intercourse  among 
nations,  in  the  Middle  Ages,  he  says,  a 
prior  of  Cluny  expresses  his  apprehen- 
sions of  a  journey  to  St,  Maur.  He  sup- 
poses the  prior's  simplicity  a  standard  of 
the  mode  of  thinking  at  that  time.*' 

Mr.  Southey  has  a  note  on  the 
writings  of  St.  Eligius  of  some  lite- 
rary interest.  The  quotations  alluded 
to  are  nut  made  from  a  connected  dis- 
course, but  m^  fragments  takmfroma 
collection  of  fragments,  from  what  Eli- 
gius'  biographer,  St.  Audoenus,  gives 
as  the  substance  of  his  sermons.  £ii. 
gius  himself  made  up  his  sermons  of 
passages  from  older  writers,  especially 
frotn  St*  C&caarius.     Sec  the  whoJa 


366 


BmHy  Lomdm  m  the  hmUa^fiU  WdOrmk. 


n&Up  mud  the  references  mud  ciutioos 
in  it,  page  61,  62. 

Bot  if  MacUioeaad  Robertsoo  have 
erred  io  raifaly  commentiog  opoo  Mot- 
beim's  text,  what  shall  we  sar  of  Mr. 
Charles  Butler,  who  brooght'  forward 
the  charge  of  misrepreseDtatloD  agai&st 
Mosheim  so  iodifoaDtlT?  since  he  has 
attacked  Mr.  Son  they/  for  a  passage 
which  Hmot  io  be  /<mmd  io  the  edition 
of  his  book  to  which  he  refers.  Per- 
ceiviog  that  the  common  account  of 
Bishop  Gardiner's  death  was  contro- 
verted, Mr.  Soothey  at  once  omitted  it 
in  the  second  editioo  of  bis  "  Book  of 
the  Chorch,"  preferring  to  do  soa^  he 
bad  not  the  immediate  means  of  in- 
Testigating  it.  This  was  being  hyper- 
caadid,  for  he  was  not  boond  to' omit 
a  passage,  unless  satisfied,  by  exami- 
nation, of  its  not  being  admissible. 
Yet  Mr.  Butler  says,  "  Kba,  however, 
have  retained  it  in  your  second  edi- 
tion!" Can  rashness  or  even  aiai* 
daeiif  (your  correspondent  knows 
whence  the  term  is  derived)  go  beyond 
this?  Mr.  Southey  says,  that  aAer 
referring  to  the  secood  edition,  to  see 
if  his  directions  had  been  followed  by 
the  printer,  he  found  "  That  the  pas- 
sage was  not  there.... and  that  Mr. 
Butler's  assertion  so  positively  made, 
so  pointedly  applied,  was  (what  shall 
1  say)  like  maoy  other  of  his  asser- 
tions." (Vindicise,  preface,  p.  x.xi.) 

So  false  an  assertion,  however  ac- 
counted for,  must  shake  our  coufideoce 
in  Mr.  Butler's  accuracy,  particularly 
where  argument  professes  to  be  founded 
on  fact. 

Yours,  &c.  Cydwbli. 


Mr.  Urban,  March  11. 

IT  is  some  consolation  to  roe  to  find 
that  the  little  pamphlet,  upon  the 
origin  and  etymology  of  London,  is 
not  thought  to  be  so  insignificant  and 
trifling  as  to  be  passed  over  without 
notice,  and  that  it  has  excited  the 
attention  of  your  very  able  correspond- 
ent A.  J.  K.  I  am  not  surprised  or 
chagrined  at  his  observations  upon  it, 
which  are  natural  enough  when  we 
consider  the  speculative  ("gratuitous," 
as  he  ssys)  quality  of  its  contents; 
yet  1  should  much  wish  that  any  one 
who  may  peruse  and  feel  interested 
in  those  observations  would  read  as 
well  the  whole  of  my  pamphlet,  which 
is  short  enough.    My  principal  object 


[Apfil, 

in  potting  it  forth  was  a  dcsii«  of 
obtaining  and  eliciting,  from  compe- 
tent aothoffities,  their  ideas  upon,  nod 
even  against,  the  tnbiect;  hoping  it 
sight  not  be  beneath  their  notice. 

Al!  the  etymologica  of  the  nmtne  of 
London  are  nnsatisfactory^and  scarcely 
worth  considering.  This  1  have  loog 
thoQght.  Indeed,  the  attempU  of  our 
best  antiqoariet  to  account  for  namn 
of  places  have  not  been  amongst  their 
happiest  coojectnres.  Ttiey  seem  to 
have  forgotten  that  this  was  a  popu- 
lous coontry,  and  inhabited  many 
centohes  before  the  Romans  co«» 
qoered  it ;  and  thus  they  lose  si^t  of 
the  lact  that  the  names  of  places,  by 
iar  the  greater  part,  are  of  very  early 
origin,  and  remain  in  a  great  meaaore 
unaltered.  By  bearing  this  in  mind, 
I  have  satisfactorily  traced  the  names 
of  several  places  (hitherto  most  ab. 
sordly  etymologised)  to  the  British  (I 
should,  perhaps,  say  the  Welsh)  Ian* 
goagc. 

In  placing  early  London  on  the 
banks  of  the  Wallbrook,  extending 
from  the  Thames  to  MoorfieUs,  I 
think  1  am  fortified  by  other  circam« 
stances  than  those  I  have  adverted  to 
in  my  essay,  which  I  purposely  made 
as  concise  as  possible.  I  feel  bound 
now,  however,  to  resume  the  subject, 
which  1  shall  shortly  do  in  some  shape 
or  other. 

In  the  mean  time  will  A  J.K.  allow 
roe  to  suggest  that  the  Conqueror's 
charter  to  St.  Martin's- le-grand  may 
have  expressed  "totam  terram  et 
sierasi,"  and  not  moraai.  Can  this 
now  be  ascerUined  ? 

In  identifying  siore  with  the  British 
word  "  MUR,"  I  did  not  intend  to  hint 
io  the  remotest  manner  that  MURDDYN 
had  any  relation  to  the  Roman  aw* 
ridmnum.  I  am  prepared  with  much 
stronger  instances  (at  least  in  my 
opinion)  to  induce  a  belief  that 
"  more,"  in  the  name  of  a  place,  was 
need  to  express  the  site,  or,  in  legal 
language,  the  toft,  of  a  British  settle* 
ment  or  village. 

Does  not  A.  J.  K.  in  speaking  of 
the  open  condition  of  Moorfields  not 
being  out  of  the  memory  of  the  pre- 
sent generation,  confound  that  locality 
with  Finsbury  Fields  ?  My  idea  with 
regard  to  Moorfields  is  that,  strictly, 
it  was  confined  to  what  was  hereto* 
fore  the  marsh  or  fen. 


1844.] 


Afiderida* — Bury  HUl,  Surrey* 


i€T 


With  regard  to  Anderida,  tbc  sub- 
ject  of  my  other  pampbletp  I  mtist  say 
that  Camden  has  placed  it  at  New- 
enden  without  having  any  aittfmriftf 
for  BO  doing,  and  it  appears  to  me 
that  what  has  sioce  been  qututeJ  as 
atdhoritief  for  hia  so  doing  are,  if  I 
may  so  express  myself,  pj?  poat  facio  : 
his'  notions  on  that  head  were  c]uite 
as  gratuitouB,  1  think,  as  any  assump- 
tion of  mine  with  respect  to  LobcJoo 
ha3  been. 


r 


WtTU  reference  to  my  com  muni- 
cation  on  the  subject  of  the  Novfrcte 
of  the  Romans  (which  appeared  in 
your  Magazine  for  August  laat)^  t  am 
anxious  to  submit  to  you  some  addi- 
tional particulars  to  estahlisb  the  fact 
of  Bur  if  Hill,  near  Dorking,  having 
been  a  station  or  camp  of  the  Romans. 
I  have  reasons  for  believing  it  to  have 
been  a  stronghold  of  the  Britons  prc- 
viouaty,  but  I  shall  not  labour  that 
point  here. 

The  Roman  road  from  Arundet 
(Anderida)  towards  Loodun*  which 
was  not  formed,  as  f  have  before  said, 
until  the  time  of  Honorius  and  Area- 
dius>  passes  near  Bur^  Hill;  and  I 
am  strongly  of  opinion  that  that  po. 
sition  was  the  principal  station  of  the 
Romans  for  the  protection  of  that 
road.  Ilie  camp  was  approached  by 
a  way  that  went  out  of  the  Roman 
road,  through  a  farm  near  the  Home- 
wood,  called  Portei'idgesjrom,  Tthink, 
the  Roman  words  Porta  Agger  is, 
Me  gate  of  the  road  or  causeway,*  and 
passed  between  two  burrows,  on  land 
isow  corruptly  named  Barraa  lands,  but 

*  This  road  was  moat  flabstantiallj 
made,  and  was  in  fact  a  causeway  raised 
above  the  aorface.  An  unusual  quantity 
of  materials  was  employed  for  the  ptirposej 
See  Gibson's  additions  to  Camden  in 
Sinrcy  and  Sussex.  It  pusscd  through 
the  whole  width  of  the  forest  of  Andreds- 
wald,  of  which  the  soil  was  excessively 
deep  and  miry.  Aad  see  same  account 
of  it  in  Mauniug  and  Bray's  Surrey,  in 
the  Appendix,  3rd  volume.  The  Agger  is 
J  visible  ou  Micklchani  and  Lcther* 
liead  Downs.  Some  year^  ago  the  in* 
habitants  ou  the  Une  of  this  road  in  the 
lower  part  of  Surrey  had  a  remarkable 
tradition  concerning  it,  namely^  that  it 
was  made  by  soldiers,  who  handed  the 
itoacs  from  one  to  the  other  in  baskets. 


two  centuries  ago  called  **  The  two 
Barrotcfs,*'  This  was  a  usual  ap- 
proach to  Roman  camps.  The  name 
of  Hamstpd  seems  to  have  been  ap* 
plied  to  Bury  Hill,  as  some  adjoining  ! 
lands*  and  an  obsolete  manor  there, 
are  so  called,  and  a  small  stream,  be* 
tween  Porteridgesand  Bury  Hill,  has  a 
little  bridge  over  it,  which  seems  to 
have  been  called  Hambridtje,  or,  as  it 
is  written  in  Henry  lll.'s  time,  Ham- 
hrecht.  It  is  singular  that  attached 
to  old  camps  we  find,  frequently,  the 
distinct  names  of"  Bury"  and  "  Sted." 
My  opinion  is,  founded  on  much  ob- 
servation, that  whenever  a  camp  was 
formed  or  used  by  the  Romans,  as  and 
for  a  station,  the  terra  **  »ted^'  is  ge- 
nerally found  attached  to  it,  or  is  now 
transferred  to  some  place  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity,  and  which  I  derive 
from  their  ''  Stativa/' 

The  situation  of  Bury  Hill,  in  re- 
lation to  the  Roman  road  in  question, 
is  a  strong  circumstance  in  favour  of 
its  having  been  the  principal  station 
for  guarding  it,  which  became,  in 
those  days,  a  necessary  precaution, 
by  reason  of  the  invasions  by  the 
Franks,  Saxont,  &c.  on  the  southern 
coast. 

There  are  two  places  at  no  great 
distance  from  Bury  Hill,  one  to  the 
north  and  the  other  to  the  south,  re- 
spectively  called  Norhnr^f  and  Suth- 
bury,  probably  from  such  their  relative 
position  to  Bury  HilL  Norbury  is  the 
well-known  and  splendid  eminence  at 
Mickleham,  heretofore  tlie  seat  of  the 
late  Wna,  Locke,  esq.  now  of  IL  P. 
Sperling,  esq.  Suthbury  is  that  gentle 
eminence  on  the  Homcwood  upon 
which  have  of  late  been  erected  two 
excellent  houses,  of  antique  appear- 
ance, by  Miss  Arnold*  The  name 
has  been  corrupted  into  Subbaries^  or 
something  like  it ;  hut  I  have  docu- 
ments of  great  antiquity  in  which  it  ia 
written  Suthburriff. 

Soon  after  this  famous  road  waa 
made  the  Romans  abandoned  Britain, 
and  Burybill  was  named  by  the  Saxons 
Middleton  (now  contracted  to  Milton), 
from  its  having  been  the  middle  or 
main  station  on  the  Roman  road,  or 
from  its  lying  about  midway  between 
Norbury  and  Suthbury. 

Yours,  &c,  J.  ^ 


Early  ediiioNS  of  Butty  an  s  Pitgrims  Progress^  [April, 

Europeati  language  has  iU  vcraioa 
of  the  Pilgfioi's  Pragreas,  and  the 
astoaisbtng  spread  of  ihe  English 
tongue  thfGUghaut  the  whole  globe 
carried  with  it  the  populur  allegory  of 
John  Buiiyan.  Being  peculiarly  cal- 
culated for  ihe  VVeliih  character  U 
was  aoon  translated  into  the  ancient 
British  language,  and  e&tabli:»heJ  itself 
a^  second  in  estiinatioo  to  the  Holy 
Scriptures  throughout  the  principality. 
Not  only  has  it  made  its  quiet  way 
into  landa  wherc^of  the  humble  author 
never  heard,  but  many  remote  natioat 
can  now  read  it  in  their  own  tonguea ; 
for  it  has  been  lately  tranalate<l  into 
the  modern  Greek,  Armenian,  Tamul. 
Malay*  Burmese*  and  Chinese,  and 
more  recently  it  has  received  the 
honour  of  being  rendered  into  the 
Hebrew  !  whiUt  in  iti  native  land 
numberless  commentators  have  nccii* 
pied  their  ingenuity  upon  its  pages, 
and  it  ha$  been  versified  by  more  than 
one  admirer  ;  but  hitherto  it  has  not 
been  paraphrased  into  blank  verse,  for 
which  Lti)  simplicity  and  long  quotations 
from  holy  writ  seem  peculiarly  fit.* 

The  practice  of  encumbering  this 
work  with  explanatory  notes  was  well 
rebuked  in  the  case  of  a  poor  and 
illiterate  woman,  to  whom  one  of  these 
editions  wa^s  lent  by  a  gentleman,  wht>, 
inquiring  afterwards  if  she  understood 
it,  received  hr  answer  that  sb«  per- 
fectly comprehended  the  Pilgftio'i 
Progress,  and  hoped  in  due  time  to 
understand  the  **  uplanafory  note*  !*' 

The  other  ed»tiou  I  wi^h  lo  dctcriba 
is  in  large  Bvo.  the  joth  cditioii^ 
"adorned  with  curious  sculptures  en- 
gra^ren  by  J.  Sturt,"  London,  printed 
for  W»  Johnston  in  Ludgate  Street, 
]750.  The  blackjetter  heading  ts 
continued  throughout  this  volume*  and 
the  marginal  references  and  notea, 
which  are  very  numerous  and  in  italics, 
ai  arc  likewise  all  the  proper  namea 
and  quotations  from  Scripture,  and 
the  poetry,  give  it  a  curious  aod  odd 
appearance;  but  Sturt's  sculptures  %tt 
truly  "  curious, "  perspective  hdng 
entirely  discarded  throughout  all  of 
them,  and  the  figures  ctad  in  grottsqaa 
dresses,  and  placed  in  strangely  con- 
torted positions.     One  passage  in  dhe 


Ma.  Urbak,  Fth.  10. 

AS   the   atteotioQ  of  your    readers 
bas  lately  been  directed  to   Bunyan's 
Pilgrim's  Progress,    1    hope   you   will 
ilow  mc  to  occupy  one  page   in  your 
Magazine  by  describing  two  uncom- 
mon   editions    of    that    fine    English 
allegory  which  I  possess,  with  a  few  re- 
marks upon  the  numerous  translations 
and  paraphrases.      Early  editions  of 
tills  work  are  very  rare,  having  been 
literally  read  to  pieces  by  the  com- 
monalty amongst  whom  it  was  che- 
rished immediately  after  its  Qrst  pub* 
lication  ;  and  the    ruins  and   tatt(^red 
fragments    whence    successive    gene- 
rations have  been  instructed  may  still 
occasionally    be   found   in  old    farm- 
houses, &c.  with  Tusser's  Husbandry, 
and  the  Practice  of  Piety »      The   lirtit 
edition  I  have  Is  a  thick   1 2 mo,  called 
the  25th,  printed  for  J,  Clarke,  at  the 
Golden  Ball  in  Duck  Lane,  1738  ;  this 
is  adorned  with  extremely  rude  wood- 
cuts printed  with  the  letter  press,  and 
evidently  of  older  date,  having   pro- 
bably been  used  for  several  previous 
editions  j  to  this  is  appended  the  l6th 
edition   of  the   2nd   part,     with    the 
addition   of  five   cuts,   aod  a   notice 
"that  the  third   part  suggested  to  he 
John    Bunyan's    ts    an    iropo^ture/' 
The  13th  edition  of  this  condemned 
third  part,  with  the  life  and  death  of 
Bunyan,  1738,  is,  however,  bound  up 
with  the  volume  by  some  former  pos- 
sessor,   who    has   valued   the   whole 
highly;    its    handsome    binding  con- 
trasting its  homely  paper  and  printing 
very  strangely^  The  universal  appluuse 
that  immediately    followed    the    pub* 
jication  of  the  ^rst  part  ohews  how 
little  authors  should  rely  solely  upon 
the  judgment  of  friends.     This  is  ad- 
verted  to  by   Bunyan  in   his  quaint 
phraseology  ;    after    stating   that    his 
Pilgrim  had  found  his  way  into  France 
and  Flanders,  and  the  newly  discovered 
land  of  America,   and   that  the  wild 
Irish  and  Scotch  could  read  his  work 
in  their  own  tongue  cGairlic).  a  very 
unusual  occurrence,  by-thc-bye,  in  the 
Jitcraturn  of  his  period,  he   revels  in 
the    recollection  of  the   tim«    when, 
having  submitted  bia  MS*  to  his  frieoda. 

Some  said,  Juboi  print  it  \  others  said 

not  so  I  [no  ! 

Soma  said  it  might  do  good  i  otlierB  said 

and   aince  that  period  ilmoat  ercry 
4 


*  We  had  scaroelj  received  this  Wtler 
before  a  metrical  version  was  pttbliahed* 
Sm  onr  bat  Number,  p»  ]?d7.— Enir. 


1844,]  The  Pilgrim*^  Process* — RtHa  of  Bunyan, 


369 


^.(anoBymous)    editor's   atldresa  is  re- 
parkable  :  "  The  story  ai  BaUAm  acid 
fclefaosaphat^  written   by  S.  John  Da* 
F'&iBScene,   a  Greek  father,  hath  been 
BufficientLy  applauded,  und^  nideed,   it 
bad  its  peculiar  beauties    and  excel- 
lencies*    Dr.  Patrick,  Bishop  of  Ely, 
wrote  a  much  more  voluininous  work 
under  the  title  of  the  Pilgrim*  but  the 
colouring  is  very  faint,   and   it  waQta 
all    that   simple   plainnesEi   which   so 
pathetically  strikes  the  heart/'  he. 

A  writer  in  the  last  monthly  account 
of  the  Church  of  England  Society  for 
promoting  Christianity  amongst  the 
Jews,  after  announcing  the  translation 
of  this  popular  work  into  Hebrew, 
thus  proceeds  :  "  The  most  industrious 
scholars  have  laboured  to  trace  in 
earlier  books  any  hints,  allusions,  or 
even  phrases,  which  might  possibly 
have  afforded  a  groundwork   for  the 

*  PUgrira's  Progress**  Curious  coin- 
ciileoces  have  been  thus  elicited  ;  hut 
it  avails  nothing  to  seiect  some  few 
and  unconnected  words  or  single  tdeaa 
from  Dante  and  Spenser,  the  former 
of  which  Bunyan  could  not  possibly 
have  read  as  it  was  not  then  translated 
into|£ngUsh,  and  the  latter  waa  very 
unlikely  to  come  into  his  hands,  (We 
might  go  tack  to  Peter  de  Blois  in  the 
twelfth  century  for  the  term  Vanity 
Fair,  who  inveighs  against  the  '  vani- 
tatis  nundinas'  in  one  of  his  letters.) 
His  personages  and  occurrences  were 
pourtrayed  from  actual  daily  life^  and 
had  he  depended  upon  others  for 
materials  to  be  arranged,  or  even  a 
subject  to  be  developed,  he  would 
never  have  conceived  ao  clearly,  nor 
therefore  have  described  so  vividly,  his 
varied  and  truthful  details.  For  the 
formation  of  his  bold  and  homely 
diction  we  are  indebted  to  the  author's 
long  perusal  of  our  national  version 
of  the  Bible,  his  black-letter  'Book 
of    Martyrs,'    and    his    worm-eaten 

*  Luther  on  the  Galatians/  The 
main  outline,  therefore,  is  the  pa- 
triarchal state  of  pilgrimage  spi* 
ritualized  ;  the  characters  are  those  of 
common  experience  in  all  ages,  and 
the  feelings  expressed  were  those  of 
his  own  greatly  exercised  passions  as 
led  on  from  sin  to  holiness  by  the 
Spirit  of  God."  The  translator  hat 
succeeded  in  producing  a  work  ac- 
ceptable to  many  of  the  scattered 
nation,  and  which  is  already  \n  the 

Gbnt.  Mao,  Vol,  XXI. 


hands  of  Christian  Hebrews  within 
the  holy  city  Jerusalem,  if  not  beside 
the  waters  of  Jordan  and  Tiberias, 
with  other  localities  of  that  land  of 
promise ;  and  far  may  it  spresd  to  the 
Euphrates,  to  central  Asia,  or  wherever 
else  the  people  of  Israel  are  found  ; 
may  prosperity  attend  its  march,  and 
may  the  pious  call  of  the  author  to 
such  as  delight  in  the  teaching  or 
elucidation  of  allegories,  and  who 
likewise  desire  to  understand  their 
own  state  of  progress  as  pitgrim»>  be 
abundantly  answered  in  [srael  i 

I  shall  close  this  communication  by 
stating  that  some  years  since  1  had 
the  pleasure  of  carefully  examining 
for  severai  hours  the  identical  copy  of 
Fox  which  cheered  the  long  years  of 
Bunyan's  impriaonment  in  Bedford 
jaiL  His  numerous  marginal  notes 
were  continued  throughout  the  whole 
three  black-letter  folio  volumes,  and 
were  all  extremely  characteristic  of 
the  writer,  whose  hand- writing  waa 
not  difficult  to  read,  and  superior  to 
what  his  station  in  life  warranted  ;  at 
the  commencement  of  each  volume  the 
autograph  of  "  John  Bunyan  "  appeared 
in  large  capitals*  No  doubt  was  ever 
expressed  of  these  having  been  hia 
companions  in  prison  ;  and  I  have  also 
seen  a  massy  oak  chair  with  his  M 
initials  L  B.  1072,*  carved,  or  rather  ■ 
embossed,  upon  its  heavy  frame,  which 
certainly  appeared  a  proper  and  ca- 
pacious receptacle  for  the  sturdy  and 
"  ingenious  dreamer,"  as  he  is  de- 
signaled  by  Cowper.  Several  other 
memoriats  of  this  extraordinary  man 
are  kept  with  great  care  in  the  town 
of  Bedford,  F.  M. 


Mr.  UrbaNi  City, 

ACTING  upon  the  suggestion  of 
your  correspondent  A.  J.  K.  in  the  last 
number  of  your  Magazine,  I  have 
added  a  few  potters*  names  to  his  list; 
and  as  many  of  your  readers  may  not 
have  seen  the  Samian  vessels  to  which 
he  atludes,  I  have  thought  it  not  irre- 
levant to  introduce  a  short  notice  of 
them. 

These  vessels  are  discovered  from 
fifteen  to  twenty  feet  below  the  pre- 
sent level  of  modern  London,  among 
undoubted  remains  of  Koman  occiipa- 

*  Engraved  in   Fisher* e    Plates^  iltns- 
irative  of  Lysoos*!  Bedfordshire. 
aB 


370 


TU  Raman  Pottery  called " Samiam  Ware" 


[April, 


UoQ ;  aod  throogb  the  instinmentality 
of  the  commiBBioners  of  sewers,  or 
rather  of  their  serrants  the  "  navi- 
gators,"  (who  are  much  more  anxious 
to  preserve  them  than  their  superiors 
themseWes,)  these  silent  records  of 
past  ages  find  their  way  into  private 
museums  and  collections. 

Rapid  strides  are  being  made  to- 
wards the  completion  of  the  drainage 
of  the  metropolis,  and  probably  in  the 
course  of  a  few  years  there  will  be  no 
occasion  for  the  extensive  excavations 
at  present  necessary  for  the  purpose 
of  forming  sewers ;  consequently,  I 
think  that,  although  of  late  many 
rensains  of  Roman  London  have  been 
discovered,  they  ought  in  every  in- 
stance to  be  recorded  while  we  yet 
have  the  advantage  of  such  aid  to  an- 
tiquarian research. 

From  the  numerous  fragments  of 
this  ware  which  have  been  observed  on 
the  sites  of  Roman  cities  and  towns, 
it  has  been  reasonably  conjectured 
that  it  is  the  identical  Samian  spoken 
of  by  Pliny  and  other  authors  as  used 
by  the  Romans  at  their  meals,  and  for 
other  domestic  purposes ;  it  is  indeed 
expressly  stated  that  the  ware  made  of 
Samian  earth,  and  which  came  from 
the  island  of  Samos,  was  much  es- 
teemed by  them  to  eat  their  meals  out 
of,  and  to  display  upon  the  board  ;* 
that  it  was  in  common  use  we  have 
authority  enough,  in  fact  we  find  it 
proverbial,  in  the  same  manner  as  we 
at  tha  present  day  make  use  of  the 
simile  "  as  brittle  as  glass." 

*'  M.  PUcid^  pulta."  «  P.  Metois 
credo,  ne  fores  Samic  fient."f 

Again, 

**  Vide  quKso,  ne  quia  tractet  iUsm  indi* 

ligent." 
'*  Scis  ta,  at  confringi  vts  cito  Samiam 

8olet."J 

That  this  description  of  ware  was 
manufactured  in  Britain  as  some  have 
supposed,  is  very  improbable.  Remains 
of  ancient  potteries  have  indeed  beebi!^ 
discovered  in  various  parts,  of  th4« 
coarser  black  vessels;  at  Caistor  ia 
Northamptonshire  were  seen  potttni' 
furnaces,  in  which  the  vessela'  re- 
mained as  placed  by  the  makers  for 
baking.§  and  Mr.  C.  R.   Smith  has 

•  Pliny. 

t  PUat.  Mennch.  A.  8,  Sc.  8. 

t  lb.  Bacch.  A.  S,  Sc.  2. 

S  Dorob.  of  Antonin.  identified,  Artii. 


traced  innumerable  vestiges  of  pot- 
teries, throughout  the  Upchurch 
marshes,  and  along  the  banks  of  the 
Medway,*  but  all  of  the  coarse  black 
ware. 

We  have  historical  evidence  to 
prove  that  the  Samian  was  transported 
into  foreign  countries,  and  that  most 
nations  under  heaven  used  them  at 
their  tables  ;t  and  there  is  little  doubt 
but  that  they  were  of  foreign  manu- 
facture. Similar  fragments  are  found 
at  Rome  and  its  vicinity,  and  indeed 
throughout  Europe,  some  apparently 
from  the  same  moulds.  Two  of  these 
Samian  bowls  are  engraved  in  Mont- 
faocon,  and  are  placed  among  the 
"Batterie  de  Cuisine,"  and  speak- 
ing of  the  ware  he  says,  *'  C'est  fort 
creux,  et  pent  avoir  servi  k  mettre  des 
sausses  ou  de  la  bouillie."| 

**  At  tibi  Ueta  trahant  Samic  oonvivia 
testae, 
Fictaqae  Comana  labrica  terra  rota."§ 

It  is  very  likely  the  appellation  of  Sa- 
mian was  given  indiscriminately  to  all 
vessels  in  common  use  at  the  table,  of 
whatever  colour  or  make,  for  the  Sa- 
mian "fictilis  fidelia,"  mentioned  by 
several  authors,  was  a  jug  or  pitcher 
of  white  ware,  in  which  the  wine  was 
put  out  of  the  larger  amphora. 

'*  Tamet  alba  fidelia  vino.'*|| 

It  held  about  a  gallon,  and  was  often 
filled  with  the  favourite  beverage 
mulled  wine. 

**  Molsi  congialem  plenam  tibi  £kciam  fide- 
liam."ir 

The  "pocula  Saguntina,"  and  drink- 
ing-cups  from  Surrentum,  Asia,  and 
PoUentia  may  be  included. 

The  general  forms  of  the  bright  red 
Samian  are  bowls  and  dishes  or  pa- 
terse  of  various  sizes,  and  of  consider- 
able thickness,  to  bear  the  constant 
wear  to  which  it  was  subjected  in  being 
so  repeatedly  moved  on  and  ofi"  the 
board ;  unlike  the  Athenian  vases, 
which  were  for  ornament  only,  and 
the  chief  excellence  of  which  consisted 
in  their  extreme  lightness.  Some  co- 
louring matter  must  have  been  used 
to  give  it  the  beautiful  coralline  ap- 
pearance it  now  (even  after  the  lapse 

*  CoUectan.  Antiq.  C.  R.  Smith, 
t  Pliny.        t  Vol.  5,  p.  184  and  144. 
§  Tlbollos.  II  Pers. 

1  Plant. 


The  Roman  Pottery  called  '' Samian  Ware,*' 


of  BO  roaDy  eentaries)  pOBsesaea 
throughout  its  substance  : 

**  £x  luto  Satnio  La  rabrem  colorem  Ter- 
tentc/*» 

ind  it  is  exUaordtnary  that  It  shotitd 
still  retam  the  uniform  high  polish  oq 
its  surface.  In  exainining  the  numer* 
oua  fipecimens  I  posaeas«  there  appears 
such  a  similarity  in  the  colour,  scarcely 
varying  a  shade,  that  it  is  probable 
these  red  vessels  were  transported  from 
one  particular  spot,  and  that  the 
knotv ledge  of  the  art  in  colouring  and 
manufacturing  them  was  confined  to 
the  potters  of  the  island  of  Saraos. 

Pottery  was  looked  upon  with  greater 
veneration  and  respect  than  vessels  of 
gold  or  silver,  and  generally  used  at 
their  sacrifices.  Tertulliao  speaks  of 
the  Samian  vessels  as  still  in  use  at 
their  religious  ceremonies;  and  Plautus, 

**  Ad  rem  diTinain  quibus  est  opaa  Samiis 
TAsifl  utitur/'t 

It  was  the  custom  among  Ihe  Ro- 
mans to  give  an  entertainment  to 
commemorate  the  death  of  their 
friends,  at  which  a  display  of  plate 
or  earthenware,  according  to  the  cir- 
cumiCaDces  or  distinction  of  the  de- 
ceased, was  placed  about  the  room  ; 
and  we  find  Cicero|  speaking  of  the 
stoic  Quiotua  Tubero,  who,  on  the 
death  of  Africanus^  furnished  out  a 
dining  room,  in  which  were  placed 
wooden  beds  with  goatskin  covers, 
and  a  sideboard  of  Samian  vessels,  as 
if  they  had  been  commemorating  the 
death  of  Diogenes  the  cynlc^  and  not 
the  great  African  us* 

The  Romans  doubtless  in  their  en- 
tertainments made  a  great  display  of 
the  more  precious  metals,  but  the 
Samian  ware  was  in  general  use 
among  all  classes. 

'*  Quibus  divitiiB  domi  matt  scaphis  et 

caQtbsrii 
Battolii  bibmiit :    at  nos  noitro  Ssmiolo 

poterio 
Tamen  viTimas.**$ 

It  is  said  that  Agathocles.  king  of 
Sicily,  used  these  Samian  vessels 
always  at  his  feasts  ;  his  partiality  to 
them  no  doubt  arose  from  the  circum* 

♦  Btiacos. 

f  Ciptiv.  Act  9,  M*  S. 


Fro  Moreaa. 
I  Plant.  Stich. 


A.  5,  le.  4. 


stance  of  his  father  haviag  followed 
the  trade  of  a  potter* 

**  Fama  eat  fletilibua  cisaasse  Agathode 
a  T^e, 
Atqae  Abscum   Samio  ssepe    onenuse 
luto/'* 

A  ftrong  cement  called  signina  was 
made  from  fragments  of  Samian  pot- 
tery, which  were  ground  into  powder 
and  tempered  with  lime  j  this  red 
cement  is  seen  on  some  tessetated 
pavement  (found  last  year  in  Wood 
Street)  between  tesserx  of  baked  white 
clay.  Pavements  were  also  made  of 
powdered  tiles  mixed  in  the  same 
manner,  so  likewise  was  the  mortar, 
which  gave  it  that  red  appearance 
to  w^hich  Fitzetephea  alludes,  when, 
speaking  of  some  part  of  the  Tower 
of  London  which  then  stood,  he  says — 
"  The  mortar  is  tempered  with  the 
blood  of  beasts," 

l*his  ware  was  probably  more  es- 
teemed and  more  generally  used 
among  the  higher  classes  in  Britain 
than  at  Rome  [  the  common  black 
pottery,  made  at  a  small  cost  in  the 
various  manufactories  of  England,  was 
used  by  the  lower  orders ;  and  the 
Samian,  from  the  distance  it  waa 
brought,  and  consequent  increase  of 
price,  was  comparatively  rare;  as  a 
proof  of  this,  bowls  and  paterne  are 
found  which  had  been  broken  and 
fastened  together  again  with  leaden 
rivets. 

Some  of  the  patterns  with  which 
this  ware  is  decorated  are  exceedingly 
beautiful  and  interesting,  illustrating 
their  mythology,  and  the  different 
games  they  were  accustomed  to  cele- 
brate :  gladiatorial  combats  ;  confiicts 
between  men  and  beasts;  field  sports; 
and  musicians  represented  playing  on 
the  plectrum,  double  flute,  and  instru- 
ments many  of  which  are  now  un- 
known. In  many  the  pigmies  are 
seen  warring  against  their  inveterate 
enemies  the  cranes,  who  invaded 
their  corn  fields.  The  patterns  formed 
of  the  vine,  its  tendrils,  leaves,  and 
fruit,  are  tastefully  grouped.  On  others 
are  seen  basso  relievos  of  the  heathen 
deities.  Mercury,  ApoUo,  Venus,  &c., 
modelled  from  existing  statu es« 

In  general,  the  ornaments  are  raised 
from  the  surface  of  the  bowl  j  the  clay 

*  Attsoniiaa. 


878 


Samian  Pottery  fonnd  m  London. 


[April, 


lo  tht  flrit  iniUDCt  was  thaped  by 
btioff  thrown  on  the  wheel,  and  the 
flgurts  aAerwardt  moalded  in  relief 
on  tht  exterior}  in  a  few  instances 
these  flgnres  appear  to  have  been  cast 
In  a  mould  furevious  to  their  being  af- 
fixed to  the  bowl.  Mr.  C.  R.  Smith 
|iosstsses  a  beauti^il  specimen  of  this 
Yariety. 

The  potters'  names  are  in  most  cases 
Impressed  across  the  centre  at  the 
bottom  of  the  interior  of  the  vessel ; 
and  it  is  remarked  that  many  dis- 
tovered  in  London  correspond  with 
others  found  in  different  parts  of 
£ngland,  and  even  in  France.  Among 
the  names  on  the  annexed  list  are 
•evtral  which  agree  exactly,  even  in 
the  peculiar  monogram  and  precise 
Ibrmation  of  the  type  adopted  by  one 
particular  artificer.  VTALIS  (Vitalis), 
this  stamp  has  been  found  on  Samian 
paterw  IVom  Crooked  Lane,  Queen 
Sbreel.  Cheapside.  and  in  a  tumulus 
M  the  Bartlow  Hills.  OF  RVFIN 
Immi  been  observed  on  the  same  war« 
ftwBi  Lombard  Street,  Crooked  Lane, 
Laid  Lane,  and  other  parts  of   the 

U  is  probable  these  larger  onsa* 
Mettled  veesels  w«re  used  to  place  tba 
■Mat  and  substantial  part  of  the  meal 
ln»  while  the  small  plain  Samian  cups 
«f  the  same  red  ware  w«ff«  tboee  d^ 
aetibed  as  the  mHmmm  or  salt- cellar, 
aftd  m^Hkmhm  oc  viMgar-cup.  wbkk 
w«re  put  on  tb«  board  to  dip  lb* 
iKtiiee  and  viands  iuio^  or  to  bold 
fkblee^  sauceei,  Itc.  to  gtv«  a  rel»b 
t«  the  other  portioai  of  th«  repast. 
tW  aitetabulum  was  SMd  as  a  Bstasnre. 
dbottl  the  same  a*  ibe  ssoderA  ^*  left 
ta^AiUr  the  ctatbtts  or  ImiW  Md 
^V  «f  <^  r^*^  ^  acetabeitua  v  ^  « 
Mtt»  tb«  ufftsa  about  three  gailomi 
lb«»  ptnis»  aad  the  ampAwn  abo«l 
saettt  galbMs^  Tbe  Romana  divided 
te  sextarua  or  pi4a(  into  tweiv*  sq^sil 
fMrts,.  caUea  cyaibi.  tkereliMt  ^  ^ 
(  «€  otpis  were  calM 


<^cv«cbi  tiMr 


were  put  stones  or  other  objects, 
which  were  removed  from  one  to  the 
other  by  sleight  of  hand,  or  abstracted 
altogether,  to  the  great  astonishment 
and  amusement  of  the  spectators,  who 
found  the  stones  under  diflfereot  cups 
from  those  which  they  expected. 
These  persons  were  called  acetabularii, 
because  they  played  with  the  ace- 
tabulum. 

In  the  following  list  I  have  confined 
myself  entirely  to  those  stamps  in  my 
own  possession,  and  which  are  all  im- 
pressed on  the  red  Samian  ware,  and 
the  places  where  they  were  found  are 
printed  in  italics. 

W.C. 

Aistivi.  M.  CWMT-imr. 

Aetemi.  M.  reversed,  Lad^imme. 

BohUi.  M.  QiMm-<hw#,  sad  C.  R. 
Smith*s  list.* 

Crsni.  lh<Ayyife-s#rsirf,  C.  R.  Ssutii's 
list. 

Ceria.  Di/fe. 

Csi  M.  S.  reversed,  Qneta  ifreel. 

Decimi.  IrfHi-lsae. 

JaL  Nassidi.  Lmt^imme. 

or.  Jacan.  Ct^td  Imfund  Qaeta  tirtti. 

Ijirinisa.  P.  Qmwm  sfrtsT* 

LapeLM.  I  erf  teas. 

lliccio.  Ci'twd  fsat. 

or.  Mafia.  Jhiiyijsfr-sfrsrf,  Lorn- 
bard-strcet^t  Crooked.lHae.| 

OMtivi.  Qaw  sfrerf, 

OdrwL  Lad-imm^ 

Omoos.  Lad  Isae . 

Oftcm.  Qatf  sfretrf. 

our 
or.] 


Ctl 


cupe  maT  not  be 
a  it  s^ywa  iIm 


tW  was  ef  tike 


or.  PstricL  Qmtm  wirtwi^  C  B. 


or.    Rafia.    Lad  Imw. 
Laasbard  irrtef, 
l.ip«L  r  p.  Qaamtitui, 

CMked^^HM.  C.  R.  &  fisc 
Silviaas.  P.  Lai^Jama. 


aMiltan^ie»  tvisatis^  ^fec.  accorwag  %a 
jbea— kie 


af 
af 

dua 


.  M.  Sw  P 

^yib.}    CR-SLim 

»r.  F>  giliptfiii  ift  iif 

OLT^m.  lad  lamr 
Xin. 


.  VrMr. 


374 


Dorking  and  Capel,  co.  Surrey. 


[April, 


•*Thi9  made  Jolin  Leftwul/'  clearly 
indicates  the  name  of  the  founder  or 
builder;  for  we  have,  or  had,  examples 
of  SQCh  inscriptions  at  Brougham 
Caatle,  for  Roger  de  Cljford,  temp. 
Ei!w.  I.,  and  at  Windsor  Castle,  for 
William  Wykeham,  bishop  of  Win- 
chester, temp*  Edw.  HI* — (Vide  your 
vol.  Lxv.  part  L  p.  95).  The  cnriouB 
carved  oak  doorway,  and  the  arches 
with  their  pillars,  which  support  the 
projecting  upper  floor  of  the  building. 
arc  well  preserved^  and  delineated  in 
the  drawing  I  send  with  this  brief 
account.  C.  S.  B. 


M  a.  Urban,  Jan,  IS. 

TO  correct  a  great  error  which 
exists  in  Aubrey's  History,  or  Collec- 
tions for  a  History,  of  Surrey,  and 
which  has  misled  antiquariea  and 
many  topographical  writers,  is  one 
reiion  for  my  troubling  you  with 
this.  That  work  was  published  after 
hia  decease^  about  ]7I9<^  in  5  volumes; 
but,  being  badly  digested  and  arranged 
for  the  purpose,  it  contains  many  in- 
accuracies in  some  shape  or  other. 

In  the  account  of  DoaKtNo  therein 
given,  it  is  stated,  that  '*  the  church 
here  was  built  by  one  Ewton,  who 
endowed  it  with  lands  of  considerable 
Talue,  which  yet  bear  his  name ;  and, 
as  it  is  supposed,  founded  it  upon  the 
demolition  of  the  castle  by  the  Danes/' 
And  also«  that  "over  against  this 
church,  in  a  meadow  called  Btnham 
CoMtle  meadow,  stood  once  a  fortress, 
dcfitroyed  by  the  Danes,  of  which 
nought  remains  now  but  a  large 
ditch«"  And  further,  that  in  "  a 
coppice  called  Slackkawea  was  another 
castle,  said  to  have  belonged  to  the 
Ewtons,  demolished  with  the  other 
near  the  church,  and  nothing  now 
but  the  moat  and  tome  few  bricks 
remain/' 

These  statementa  of  Aubrey  have 
been  inserted  in  many  topographical 
works,  in  the  accounts  they  give  of 
Dorking,  as  applying  to  that  place, 
and  the  inhabitants  there  have  sup. 
posed  them  to  be  true,  although  they 
have  never  been  able  to  trace  any- 
thing at  all  to  corroborate  the  par- 
ticulars  thus  given.  Several  years 
ago  I  discovered  that  they  were  re- 
ferable  to  CAf»EL,  the  adjoioiog  parish 
to  Dorking  (and  in  ancient  times  a 
ptf t  thereon  ;  anJ^  from  inteaiigation 


and  ancient  documents  in  my  pot^ 
eesBioQ,  I  am  enabled,  I  believe,  to 
explain  Aubrey's  account ;  which,  even 
when  applied  to  Capel,  is  not  un- 
mixed with  fiction  or  romance. 

The  facts  seem  to  be  these  : — In  the 
reign  of  Henry  the  Third,  there  lived 
in  that  part  of  Dorking  (now  forming 
Capel)  one  Maurice  Niger ,  as  he  U 
termed  in  deeds  of  that  time,  but  pro* 
bahly  called  in  English  Blacky  who 
resided,  it  is  presumed,  at  a  mansion 
then  probably  the  Blackhawes  (or 
Blackhagh*)  of  Aubrey,  but  which 
then  stood  upon  lands  calted  Etcekene, 
now  corrupted  to  Ewtons.  This 
Maurice,  it  is  presumed,  built  the 
church,  and  then  assumed  the  name 
d€  Exeekene.f  as  he  is  so  catted  in 
many  deeds  a  little  subsequent  to 
those  before  mentioned ;  and  by  the 
name  of  Eteekene  (or  Eitek^n  and 
Ewkyn)  was  so  much  of  Dorking 
parish  as  became,  by  some  arrange- 
ment, appropriated  to  the  new  church 
or  chapel  (Capel  I  a)  called  for  about 
two  centuries  afterwards.  The  church 
thus  erected  was  at  least  six  mi  tea 
from  the  parochial  one  at  Dorking 
(at  that  time  a  very  extensive  parish)^ 
and  therefore  a  very  necessary  accom- 
modation for  the  inhabitants  of  tht^ 
southern  part  of  that  parish.  Although 
the  parish  of  Ewekene,  and  the^vilj  of 
Ewekene,  are  mentioned  in  deeds  of 
the  Hth  and  ISth  centuries,  in  de- 
scribing lands  in  what  is  now  the 
parish  of  Capel,  at  the  end  of  the 
15th  the  name  of  Ewekene  was  die* 
continued,  and  that  of  Capel  general!^ 
adopted  for  this  tract.  The  coppice ' 
called  Blackhawes  by  Aubrey  is  near 
Capel  churchyard  ;  and  it  is  believed 
that  some  remains  of  building  are 
there  to  be  traced.  Many  years  ago 
the  spot  was  pointed  out  to  me* 

To  further  identify  the  acconntl 
given  by  Aubrey,  as  aforesaid,  wii]ii| 
Capet,  It  should  be  mentioned,  thalj 
otcr  against  Capel  church  (that  1$, 


*  HAG  A,    a    house— S^tjroa.     In   oMi 
charters  it  seems  to  be  written  hagk*        -I 

t  AboQt  tbi«  period,  Oakte>aod  cbap«I«J 
about  three  miles  from  CspeU  was  foaode4l 
by  John  de  la  Halt,  who  wss  a  oonteai^l 
porsry  of  Maurice  Niger  or  Mavriea  i 
Ewekene.  Hale  Han*e  is  at  the  fool  { 
Oakwood  hill.  For  an  accodat  of 
chapel*  tee  Maaaiof  and  Bray's  SttiTty# 


18440 


Capet f  CO,  Surrey, — Oatward  Confess ian. 


a75 


the  o]>poaite  side  of  Ibe  road)  is  a 
small  field,  with  a  house  or  two  on  it, 
■111 J  called  Beimel* $  Caa/le  (not  Ben- 
ham),  but  why  or  wherefore  I  cannot 
explain.  How  the  term  castte  came 
to  he  applied  to  what  I  conceive  was 
in  those  days  merely  a  respectable 
residence,  I  am  unable  to  say  (unless 
it  were  to  such  as  were  eurronoded  by 
moats) ;  for  I  believe  nothing  according 
with  our  ideas  of  a  castle  ever  existed 
there.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that 
Bennet's  should  be  Bonet's,  aa  one 
Robert  Bonet  was  certainly  living  at 
the  same  time  as  Maurice  de  Ewekene, 
and  was  in  all  probability  a  neighbour. 
There  is  a  farm  in  Capel  still  called 
Bonel's. 

As  to  what  is  said  by  Aubrey  about 
the  Danes,  he  may  have  collected  it 
from  some  source  to  which  he  attached 
credit,  although  it  could  not  be  literally 
true ;  at  the  same  time,  w^e  may  be 
certain  that  the  tradition  of  the  visi- 
tations of  these  savage  invaders  in 
these  parts  continued  for  many  agea, 
especially  when  we  consider  the  prox- 
imity of  ibis  place  to  Ockley,  where 
they  were  so  signally  defeated  in  the 
ninth  century* 

1  presume  that  the  ecclesiastical 
registers  of  the  diocese  do  not  go  hack 
far  enough  to  show  any  record  of  the 
foundation  of  the  chapel  or  church  at 
Capel  as  above  stated,  either  with 
reference  to  the  mother  church  at 
Dorking  or  otherwise*  Capel  ia  a 
perpetual  curacy* 

This  subject  induces  the  recollection 
of  its  being  now  about  twelve  cen- 
turies since  the  conversion  of  the 
south  Saxons  (the  then  inhabitants 
of  this  tract)  to  Christianity,  when  I 
doubt  not  a  church  at  Dorking  was 
erected^  or  a  previously  existing  one 
re- established.*  Six  centuries  after 
that  important  event,  the  church  at 
Capel  was  founded ;  and  at  about  the 
Jike  distance  of  time,  another  church 
has  arisen  midway  between  those  of 
Dorking  and  Capel:  of  course,  the 
new  one  on  the  Home  wood  is  alluded 
to.  Thus  gradually  (although  slowly 
in  this  instance)  is  the  sure  word  of 
prophecy  fulfill ing. 


*  As  Dorking  undoubtedly  waa  a  Roman 
station  in  the  Uter  period  of  their  empire, 
this  presmuptioD  is  not  onfotmded. 


It  may  not  be  uninteresting  to  insert 
here  what  was  said  of  Capel  in  l649i 
upon  a  survey  of  the  manor  of  Dorking 
(within  which  Capel  lies)  in  that  year. 

**  The  parish  of  Capel  is  more  naturally 
prone  and  apt  to  produce  wood  than  corn 
and  grass ;  and  in  ynur  fathers  days  was 
so  ill  cultivated,  that,  had  not  the  inhabit- 
ants supplied  their  want  of  corn  from  the 
neighbouring  markets,  they  might  have 
eaten  acorns  instead  of  bread ;  but  now, 
ba%'i[)g  lately  learned  the  art  of  improving 
their  land  with  lime  and  chalk,  they  ore 
BO  far  from  needing  corn  from  others, 
that,  besides  their  own  provision,  they 
are  able  daily  to  supply  the  markets  with 
a  plentiful  store  of  wheat,  oats,  and  peas ; 
and  woodf  which  io  that  place  was  for- 
merly of  small  value,  and  little  worth, 
will  (if  they  proceed  in  the  destructioa 
thereof)  in  a  few  years  become  more 
scarce  than  com  was  in  former  times.^' 

Since  this,  mnch  more  has  been 
done  towards  the  destruction  of  the 
wood  there,  and  yet  much  still  re- 
mains. In  fact,  the  lower  or  southern 
part  of  Capel  (which  adjoins  Sussex) 
was  within  the  immense  forest  of 
Anderido,  called  by  the  Saxons  An» 
dredswald,  which  some  ancient  writers 
say  was  120  miles,  and  others  150 
miles  in  length*  Its  breadth  here  was 
from  Capel  to  the  South  Downs, 

Notwithstanding  the  unfavourable 
account  of  Capel,  as  given  above  (now 
nearly  two  centuries  since),  it  is  cer- 
tain that  many  ages  before  that  period 
(when  it  was  the  soothern  part  of 
Dorking)  several  landholders  and  sub. 
stantial  yeomen  resided  there  on  their 
own  estates';  and  from  which  they 
took  their  names,  as  appears  by  very 
old  deeds. 

Yours,  Sec.  J.  P, 


Mb.  Urban,  Cork,  Feb,  18. 

IN  your  Minor  Correspondence  for 
Feb.  p,  114,  E*  L  C,  asks,  "Can  any 
of  your  correspondents  inform  me  what 
ia  meant  by  outward  confesaion  ?  and 
where  the  places  which  Bedyll,  the 
agent  of  Cromwell,  wished  to  wall  up 
in  order  to  prevent  outward  confession 
for  all  comers,  were  situated  in  the 
monasteries  }'* 

Confessionals  for  the  public,  or  out- 
ward confession p  were  and  are  always 
in  the  body  of  the  church  ;  but  in  the 
instances  here  referred  to  they  were 
iu  arched  recesses  of   the   wall   for 


970 


The  uiwtl/orm  of  Confessionals, — Ahhey  of  Caen.         [April, 


silence  and  secrecy.     This  ia  by  no 
tneans  osuaU  and  scarcely  any  exist  at 
I  this  day.     One,  I  believe,  still  does  at 
^  Florence  in  the  church  of  the  Knights 
of   St.    John     of   Jerusalem,     ("  La 
Chiesa  del  Cavalieri/')  constructed  iu 
white  marble ;  but  I  do  not  think  that 
any   vestiges   of  them  are  otherwise 
tUible   in    England,   or    in   the  con- 
tinental monasteries.       Outward  con- 
feMions  are  contradistinguished  from 
[  those  of  the  inmates  or  friars  them- 
[  selves,  which  were  per  formed  in  the 
!  interior  cloisters,  while  the  other  con- 
I  feasionals  were  accessible  to  all  comers, 
f  mnd  chiefly  frequented »  of  course,  to 
use  Bedyirs  wordt,  "  at  certen  tymes 
of  the  yere;'*  that  is,  at  Easter,  Christ- 
mas, and  other  festivals.     Soiaetimes, 
OD  justifying  grounds,  confessions  are 
heard  in  the  sacristy,  or  even  private 
apartments,  as  for   invalids,   &c.   or 
where    domestic  chaplains    form    an 
suthoriaed  o6Sce  of  the  household ;  but 
Vihe  canonical  ordinance  requires  that, 
for  public  use,  the  confessionals  should 
be  in  the  open  church,  where  they  B.Te 
to  be  aeeo  placed  against  the   waJI, 
tlKMigh  occasional  ty   separated   by   a 
baloatrade  from  the  nave,  as  observed 
by   the   Rev.   Dr.   Dibdin    at    Cain. 
(See  Typographical  Tour,  vol.   L   p. 
170,  ediL  ia29*) 

Bedyll't  object,  we  may  well  con- 
ceive, was  to  delude  altogether  from 
public  view  thoae  resorts  of  devotion, 
which  coold  scarcely  fail  to  excite  in 
many  beholders  deep  and  sensitive  re- 
colkctioaa  of  past  habits  and  dutiea, 
id  diabardeaad  conscience,  or  ina- 
parted  co— oJatioMa,  and  tlioa  revive  a 
4cairv  for  the  old  form  of  worship^ 
'*  Itlqae  ctiaai  adveiaaa  Mtmmm  pro- 
futurum,  at  vtloti  e  coaapecto  tolkereii- 
tur.*'  MMM  doqbtltta  hia  calcutatioa  ia 
wstiiaf  vpthaaei 
still  ffgtgtlBd  tifl 


BoriaJa  of  poaaiUy 

\  aon  ofacticea  i  aa 
hia  nthcr-ca-law 


CWH— piatMig  Iha  coMotal  of  Irelaad, 
aUcr  hmmg  achicvtd  ttas  of  fititaia. 
ia  ofdar  to  rtttov*  knm  the  latter  tht 
Mtt  oC  har    aaiahhoaKa 


ridi  m^  aa^iict. 

**  TV  Ahhay  <C  St.  Sfcph^^" 

Ome.  ha  ttfa,  ^  oaalaiM  a  food 

ber  of  iiyiiifmiii,  aad  tf  oaa  iif 

glaawlbfthtimtm^iwwia 


kneeling  tn  the  act  of  coofession  to  the 
tame  priest.  '  C'est  un  pcu  fort,' 
observed  our  guide  in  an  under  voice, 
and  with  a  humorous  eipression  of 
countenance  !  Meanwhile  Mr«  Lewis, 
who  was  in  an  opposite  direction  in 
the  cathedral,  was  exercising  his  pen- 
cil in  the  following  delineation  of  a 
similar  subject/*  There  are  few,  I 
believe,  who  have  not  seen  con- 
fessionals at  home  or  abroad  ;  and  to 
every  one  that  has,  I  may  appeal  10 
proof  of  the  complete  separation  of 
firo  perioat  kneeling  to  the  sojae  prieat« 
(the  italics  are  the  reverend  doctor*!,) 
and,  consequently,  of  the  perfect  pro- 
priety of  what  so  scandalized  the  sen- 
sitive divine  ;  for  two  penitents  cannot 
be  heard  at  the  same  time,  or  one  hear 
what  the  other  may  say.  The  coo- 
fessiooal  is  divided  into  three  parts  ; 
the  priest  seated  in  the  middle  opena 
a  sliding  aperture  to  hear  one  peniteot, 
on  the  conclusion  of  whose  confesaton, 
he  turns  to  the  other  side  and  bends 
his  ear  through  the  opposite  aperture, 
after  closing  the  first,  and  thus  hears 
all  comers  in  succession,  each  wholly 
independent  of  and  secluded  from  the 
other.  The  ejaculation  of  the  reverend 
doctor's  attendant,  therefore,  referred 
to  the  foreigner's  ridiculous  mtsappre* 
hens  ion  of  what  daily  paaaed  oadar 
his  own  eye  as  of  regular  practm. 
Mr.  Lewis's  little  sketch,  offered  to 
illustration,  only  presents  part  of  a  coo- 
fesaional  (for  it  ia  oatfoimlir  tripanitie)* 
with  only  one  penitent.  Iodoed«  tvo 
coold  not  poaaibly  find  worn  urn  tkm 

Just  pfevMHia  to  thb  aiacooceptiott 
of  the  Icamcd  writer,  in  tefeteaca  to 
the  chnreh  itaelf,  he  says  that  aaa  of 
the  adjoining  towers  had  beea  sack 
tnjured  **  by  the  devaalatioaa  of  llie 
CaleiaMla«  who  ahaoloHtly  aappcd  Ifaa 
Iboadation  of  the  towef  with  the  hopa 
ofoverwhtlmfeBf  the  whale  fea 
hat  a  part  oaly  of  their 
ofegect  was  aceompiiahtd.''  Sach  ia 
the  laofaag^  of  aa  Aagfkan  diriae  00 
the  coDJatlafthtii  lavied  id%»aMt»| 

Ocir  dntafiaf  Halaidacedhf  hia. 
la  teet.  thence  of  <^ 

iadiiOTMiiatfly 


1844.] 


Druidieai  AHt'tquilics  of  Kent, 


377 


I 


Not  only  old  L^land,  a  contemporary, 
btit  Mr.  Tliomn*  Wright,  no  objection- 
able authority  oo  such  a  ctrcunistancc, 
in  his  late  publicatioD,  "Three  Cliap- 
tera  of  Letters  relating  to  the  Sup- 
pression of  Mooa&terica/'  printed  for 
the  Camdeo  Society,  shew  that  Eng- 
land waa  not  backward  in  these  acencs 
of  destructioD.  See  in  particular  the 
ruioofthe  noble  abbey  of  Lewes  in 
Mr.  Wright's  collection. 

Oyr  sovereigns  continued  to  main- 
tain their  coDfessora  a$  part  of  their 
official  attendants  until  a  late  period, 
and  the  Lutheran  princes  atill  have 
them.  It  ia  singular  that,  amidst  the 
aberrations  of  Catholic  priests  during 
the  French  Revolution^  no  revelation 
of  ft  confessiooal  secret  is  known  to 
have  occurred. 

Yours,  &c.      J.  R, 


Mr.  Urban, 

DURING  some  late  reaearchea  I 
have  been  making  into  the  druidieai 
vestiges  in  the  kingdom,  I  have  neces. 
sarily  closely  examiocd  Cicsar*^  ac- 
count of  his  invasion  of  Britain,  atid  I 
am  now  convinced  thai  he  never  crossed 
the  Thames  at  Coway  Stakes/  nor 
marched  to  St.  Alban's.  Perhaps  the 
following  remarks  may  lead  to  further 
research,  and  incline  some  of  your 
able  correspondents  to  investigate  the 
subject.  My  opinion  is,  that  Ca*sar, 
unaware  of  the  di Terence,  miscalled, 
or  perchance  mistook,  the  Med  way,  in 
lib.  v«  c,  iviii.,  which  runs  into  the 
Thames,  for  the  Thames  itself. 

After  the  conquest  of  the  Britishf 

*  Camden,  Horsfidd't  Hist,  tif  Lewes. 

t  <  *  Ipse  noctu  progressusmiUk  passu  tun 
cireiter  itii.  hostium  eopiat  cofispicatua  est. 
I  Hi  ecjuiutu  at4)ue  easedis  ad  flumen  (the 
Stour)  progres«l,  ex  loco  superiore  uojstros 
prohiberr,  ct  prnlium  couimittere  coepc* 
rutit.  Reptdii  ab  equitatu,  se  in  sjlvas  ab- 
diileruDt,  loeutn  nacti  tgrt^i^  et  tmturd 
el  optre  muni  turn  ^  quem  domcstici  belli,  ut 
videbiitur,  ciLus4  jam  aati^  preparavemnt: 
crebris  arboribus  tuecisis  omncs 
introituaerantpneclust  * .. .  Atmilite^  le- 
gion Is  vti.  testndioe  facU,  et  aggere  ad 
muuittones  adjecto^  locuta  ceperunt, 
cosque  ex  sylvis  expu)erunt,  paucis  rut- 
neribua/'^ — Lib.  v.  c.  viii.  For,  had 
Ctasar  croised  the  Thames,  he  would  not 
then  have  totally  omitted  to  mention  his 
previous  pasaage  of  the  Med wrsy,  a  river 
of   much  greater  extent  and  magaitudo 

Gewt.  M^o.  Vol,  XXL 


fortress  at  Chartham  Downs,*  Cseaarl 
marched  by  the  great  Br  itish  track  way  ,1*  I 
which  led  to  the  grand  Druid  a1tar»  J 
at  present  vulgarly  called  Kit's  Coty- 
house.!     It  is  now  a  well-ascertained  1 
fact,  that  long  prior  to  the  advent  of] 
the    Romans   the    Britons    had   good! 
roadd   intersecting   the   country  from] 
one  Druid  temple  to  another;  thcs^j 
roads$  were  not  constructed  straight,  * 
like  those  that  superseded  thcra  some 
two  centuries  after,  but,  contrariwise, 
frequently  diverged  to  the  towna  con- 
tiguous. 

The  druidieai  erectiont  on  the  banks 
of  the  Med  way  were  as  magnificent  and  1 
imposing  as  any  in  the  world  ;  ther« 
might  be  found  every  appliance  and] 
ornament  that  their  religion  demanded 
to   awe  and   at  arm    its   superstittoua 
votaries.     Prominently,  on  the  brow 
of  the  hill,  stood  the  altar  from  whencti 
the   Arch'Drnid,    whilst    o6fering    ttfl 
heaven    the    victim's    reeking    heartjj 
declared    the    decrees    of    fate.      B/1 
the  side  of  this   cnoMtECH    titood  a 
MBiNiowra.lf  at  times  used  as  a  gor- 
sedd,    to     explain     the    law    to     th^ 
assembled  thousands.     At  the  foot     ^ 
the  bill,  in  the  deep  recesses  of  the 
sACaeo  UROVE,  was  reared  the  holy 
OF   iioLiEs,1[  with    the   lustra ti no 
apftixoa  adjacent  to  a  kutvabn. 

Arrived  at  the  ford,**  Caesar  found 


than  the  Stour  ;  for  the  Med  way  was  not 
then  confined  within  its  present  honks, 
bnt  occttpied  the  valley,  rendering  it  one 
vast  qwai^ire. 

•  Douglas,  Nenia  Antiq.  Vide  account 
of  the  opening  of  the  tumalui  contaioitig 
the  remains  of  Q.  Lsbertus  Dams, 

t  Fosbroke,  ii. 

t  Thorpe,  Castamale  Rof.  68  ;  et  Cole- 
brook,  Arcbael.  ii. 

$  The  RooianSi  when  they  could,  used 
these  roads  j  iu  Kent,  however,  ihey 
deviated  from  the  ford  and  crossed  the 
river  at  Rochester. 

H  **  About  a  coit's  cast  from  this  monu- 
ment Ueth  another  great  ttone,  much  part 
thereof  ia  the  ground,  as  fallen  down 
where  the  same  hath  been  affixed.''— 5/iMf». 
**  The  demand  of  a  few  square  feet  for  the 
growth  of  corn,  in  a  country  with  milHorjs 
of  acres  of  waste  land,  would  not  permit 
its  preservation.*' — Old  England,  p.  l.i» 

t  Thorpe,  Cust,  Rof.  p.  (JH, 

*  ^  The  nigh  t  before  t  he  passage  of  th  is  ford 
Crbst  encamped  at  **  Debtling,  where,  a 
few  years  since,  some  entrenched  embank- 
ments were  discovered  at  a  dtstauee  of 

30 


378 


!%€  BrUkh  Hkiorg  of  Kent. 


[April, 


fhe  Britons  in  great  force  determioed 
to  dispute  his  passage,  to  render  which 
more  difficult,  they  had  driven  sharp 
stakes  into  the  bed  of  the  river.*  Here 
Cssar  was  necessitated  to  fight  a  ter- 
rific battle,  and  at  length  his  legions, 
wading  through  the  water  up  to  their 
necks,  forced  the  ford.  Adjacent  was 
the  townf  where  dwelt  the  Cenlmapi, 
in  whose  territories  were  comprised 
^  holy  Ames  just  enumerated.  An 
immediate  consequence  of  the  victory 
was,  that  this  tribe  yielded  allegiance 
to  the  conqueror,  and  sent  in  their 
adhesion  to  his  standard. | 

Caswallon,  the  British  leader,  incon- 
ieqnence  of  the  desertion  of  some  of 
his  allies,  then  retreated  to  his  own 
town  and   fortress,   (the  remains  of 

about  two  miles,  In  the  direction  of  Bred- 
hurst;  they  formed  nearly  a  square,  with  a 
doable  vallum  on  the  north  side."  Lam- 
prey's Maidstone. 

*  "  Cstar,  cognito  oonsilio  eorum^  ad 
fiumen  Tamesin,  in  fines  Cassivellaunl, 
eiercitam  duxit ;  quod  flumen  uno  omnino 
loco  pedibus,  atque  hoc  sgrdy  trantiri 
potest.  E6  quum  yenisset,  animum  ad vertit 
ad  alteram  fluminis  ripam'magnas  esse 
copias  hostium  instmctas.  Ripa  autem 
erat  acutia  sudibus  pnefixls  munlu ;  ejus- 
demque  generis  sub  aquft  defixae  sudes 
flumine  tegebantur.'* — Lib.  v.  e.  xiv. 
It  does  not  appear  that  the  stakes  were 
shod  with  metal,  or  in  fact  anything  else 
hut  **  sharp  stakes,''  which  in  process  of 
thne,  by  the  action  of  the  current,  would 
necessarily  be  swept  away. 

t  **  Elesford,  the  ford  of  Eccles,  an 
ancient  village  near  Aylesford,  called 
Aiglessa  in  Domesday  Book.  Tradition 
still  speaks  of  its  having  been  a  strong 
and  populous  town,  the  cottages  occupy- 
ing its  site  being  chiefly  built  of  stones 
firom  the  foundation  of  its  primitive 
honacM.^'—AUporfi  Maidatone,  p.  17.  A 
British  town,  although  very  populouSf 
was  little  more  than  a  wood  with  a  num- 
ber of  straggling  villages  in  it,  and  sur« 
rounded  with  a  ditch  and  earthwork.— 
CsBsar,  lib.  v.  c.  zvii.  The  houses  were 
rather  circular  huts,  half  buried  in  the 
ground,  formed  of  wattled  poles  driven 
faito  the  earth  around  a  circular  hole, 
fMtened  together  at  top,  and  covered 
with  sods,  grass,  or  reeds  to  exclude  the 
rain.  Strabb  says,  "  The  forests  of  the 
Britons  are  their  cities ;  for,  when  they 
have  inclosed  a  very  large  circuit  with 
felled  trees,  they  build  within  it  houses  for 
themselves,  and  hovels  for  their  cattle.** 

X  C«sar. 


which  still  exist  in  the  shape  of  an 
oval  near  Dartford,)  in  the  centre  of 
his  tribe's  territories  (the  Cassii^), 
where  he  was  followed  by  Cxsar,  and 
again  defeated.    For 

"  Treason,  like  an  old  and  eating  sore, 
Consumed  the  bones  and  sinews  of  his 
strength.*' 

This  British  town  was  extremely  large, 
as  its  boundaries  may  now  be  traced, 
extending  into  no  less  than  five  parishes, 
Wilmington,t  Dartford,  Bexley^  Sut- 
ton-at-Hone,^  North  Cray. 

Cesar  then,  c.  xvii,  says  ''that 
from  them  (the  Cenimagni)  he  had 
intelligence  that  he  was  not  far  from 
the  capital  of  Caswallon,  which  was 
situated  amidst  woods  and  marshes, 
and  whither  great  numbers  of  men  and 
cattle  were  retired."  This  description 
precisely  applies  to  this  spot,  which  is 
guarded  in  its  front  by  the  marshes  of 
the  Darenth,  and  in  the  rear  by  those 
of  the  Cray.  "Thither  he  marched 
with  his  legions,  and,  although  the 
place  appeared  to  be  exceedingly  strong 
both  by  nature  and  art,  he  resolved  to 
attack  it."  Now,  within  but  a  short 
distance  of  the  road  by  which  Ctesar 
marched  from  Elesford  (the  capital 
town  of  the  Cenimagni),  which  road 
is  still  in  existence,  and  partly  used  to 
this  day,  stands  a  most  conspicuous 
artificial  circular  moand,  at  present 
covered  with  trees  and  shrubs,  and 
called  Rae.hiliWood.§  This  was  un- 
doubtedly the  position  to  which  Csesar 
alludes  as  admirablj  defended  both  by 
nature  and  art,  ana  certainly  still  ex- 
hibits a  splendid  specimen  of  early 
British  military  architecture  and  skill. 
Even  Hasted, II  but  a  slight  observer 
of  these  subjects,  says,  "  In  the  woods 
hereabouts  there  have  been  found 
quantities  of  bricks  and  other  building 
materials,"  which  he  hints  to  have 
been  "perhaps  the  remains  of  de- 
population, occasioned  by  the  wars  be- 

*  Id.  ibid.  V.  e.  SI.  Segonaz,  one  of 
the  four  ehiefli  of  Kent  enumerated  by 
Cttsar,  doubtless  governed  the  Segontlad. 
By  analogy^  Caswallon  ruled  the  Cassii. 

t  In  a  laeadow  at  no  great  distance 
from  Ruebill  are  several  tumuli. 

t  The  British  road  runs  by  Gold 
Harbour  Farm  in  this  parish. 

%  On  the  southern  side  of  Dartford 
Heath. 

I  Hastedi  L  234. 


18440 


Conteit  qf  Casar  and  CoimaUan. 


379 


ween  the  houses  of  York  and  Lan- 
caster." Had  this  hypothesis  been  at 
all  foanded  in  fact,  tradition  would 
mo8t  certainly  have  handed  down  some 
legendary  tale  of  the  annihilation  of  a 
town  so  recently  as  the  wars  of  the 
Roses.  But  Hasted  has  himself,  in  the 
preceding  page,  utterly  disproved  his 
own  supposition,  by  stating  that  the 
nuuior  of  Ruehill  *  or  Rowhill  "  was 
in  the  reign  of  King  Edward  I.  in  the 
possession  of  the  family  of  Gyse,"  and 
concludes  the  paragraph  by  giving  its 
descent  through  the  different  lords  to 
1778,  when  he  published  his  History 
of  Kent.  That  Uiere  are  great  quanti- 
ties of  Roman  "  bricks  and  other  build- 
ing materials,"  and  nearly  one  hundred 
finely  formed  British  excavations  or 
pits  scattered  through  these  woods,  I 
have  the  confirmatory  assurance  of  S. 
Landale,  Esq.  a  fellow  labourer  in  the 
archaeological  vineyard,  who  has  re- 
peatedly noticed  them  whilst  there 
shooting,  and  who  moreover  informed 
me  that  I  should  find  amass  of  Roman 
brickwork  in  a  cart  lodge  at  Hook 
Green  Farm  (a  building  not  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  from  Rue  Hill).  It  is  there- 
fore most  probable  that  a  Roman  man- 
sion was  there  erected  some  years  after 
the  conquest  of  Kent  \  since  the  city 
of  the  Cassii  was  not  at  once  destroyed 
after  the  victories  of  Aulus  Plautius, 
(A.D.  43,)  but  by  degrees  fell  into 
decay  after  the  divergence  of  the  road 
from   the    sea  coast   into   the  better 

^  Ruehill  is  evidently  s  corruption  of 
the  Celtic  word  Tyrru,  which  is  from 
Twr,  a  heap,  an  accamulation.  Thus  its 
modern  name,  with  the  merest  alteration, 
has  descended  to  onr  time  in  utter  defiance 
of  the  various  languages  imported  by  the 
different  masters  of  the  land,  Romans, 
Saxons,  Danes,  and  Normans.  The  name 
too  is  expressive  of  an  accumulatioB  of 
material,  or  formation  of  an  artificial 
mound  or  earthwork.  This  mound,  firom 
its  great  altitude,  was  in  the  present 
century  selected  by  Government  and 
used  as  a  position  for  the  site  of  a  tele- 
graph. Adjoining  to  this  mound,  but 
quite  detached,  is  a  smaller  earthwork  or 
fortilage,  on  the  summit  of  which  is  a 
deep  round  excavation  like  a  well,  which, 
a  labourer  on  the  18th  of  March  last  in- 
formed me,  at  the  bottom  extended  for 
some  distance  and  was  strongly  arched ; 
it  had  then  been  but  a  few  weeks  before 
wattled  round  to  prevent  accidents. 


formed  and  more  direct  Watling  Street, 
aided  by  the  establishment  of  tne  sta- 
tion of  Noviomagus  (Dartford),  which 
by  degrees  attracted  and  absorbed  the 
aborigines,  aod  gradually  caused  the 
desertion  and  final  total  abandon- 
ment of  the  British  city. 

However,  after  the  fall  of  his  fortress 
of  Tyrni,  Caswallon,  like  a  skilful 
strategist,  changed  his  tactics,  and  in- 
cited £e  chiefs  in  Cesar's  rear  to  attack 
the  camp  on  the  sea  coast.*  Caesar 
was  now  compelled  to  retrace  his  stepi« 
and,  as  in  the  year  before,  was  in  such 
haste  to  embark  and  return,  that  he 
crowded  his  men  (nothing  loth)  into 
what  ships  he  had  and  sailed  awa;r*t 

According  to  the  best  expositors 
upon  Caesar's  Commentaries,  he  could 
not  have  been  more  than  thirty -two 
days  in  Britain.  From  this  we  must 
deduct  sixteen  required  for  the  repa- 
ration of  the  ileet  after  being  damaged 
by  the  equinoctial  tides,  and  to  which 
Caesar  had  to  return  from  Chattham 
Downs  after  fighting  his  first  battle 
with  the  Britons.  Thus,  Caesar  had 
only  sixteen  days  left  for  his  incur- 
sion, conquest,  and  return ;  hence  it 
becomes  almost  a  physical  impossi- 
bility for  Caesar  to  have  marched  so 
far  as  Coway  Stakes,  through,  to  him, 
an  entirelyunknown,wild,inhospitable, 
and  bitterly  opposed  country,  where 
every  minute  and  hour  of  the  day  he 
had  to  encounter  the  vexatious  and 
irritating  skirmishing  of  the  4000 
Essedarii,t  (who  never  remained  long 
enough  to  be  beaten,)  that  Caswallon 
had  purposely  retained  to  harass  his 
foes.  Besides,  he  not  only  had  to  re- 
move day  by  day  the  maieriel  of  his 
invading  forces,  but  also  to  construct 

*  Although  the  Segon^ci  had  made  a 
peace  with  Caesar  (Ub.  v.  c.  xxi.)  yet 
Segonax  joins  (lib.  v.  c.  xxii.)  Cingetorix, 
CarmiUus,  sndTaximagulus,  inCaswallon*s 
confederacy  to  destroy  the  Roman  in- 
vaders' fleet. 

t  Tscitus,  writing  more  than  a  century 
after  Caesar,  distinctly  says,  that  even 
Caesar,  the  first  who  entered  Britain  with 
an  army,  although  he  struck  terror  into 
the  ulanders  by  a  successful  battle,  could 
only  maintain  himself  on  the  sea  coast  ;— 
that  he  was  a  discoverer  rather  than  a 
conqueror.  In  fact,  that  he  only  saw  a 
small  portion  of  the  isUnd. 

%  Lib.  V.  c.  six. 


380 


Tankard  ecmmemcrating  Sir  Edmund  B,  Godfrey.        [Aprils 


a  camp,*  which,  although  only  an 
earthwork,  yet  was  necessary  to  be 
done  by  his  wearied  legions  during 
day-light,  otherwise  they  would  have 
been  subjected  to  a  night  attack 
similar  to  that  Q.  Laberius  Durusf 
met  his  death  endeavouring  to  repel. 

1  also  think  it  most  probable  that 
the  state  of  the  Trinobantes  was  in  the 
hundred  of  Hoo,  because  how  other- 
wise could  it  haTe  been  possible  for 
Cssar  during  his  advance  into  the 
country  to  have  received  ambassadors, 
who  had  then  to  return  and  collect 
forty  hostages,  and  procure  from  per- 
chance north,  east,  west,  and  south, 
sufficient  corn  for  the  sustenance  of 
the  Roman  troops,  if  it  had  been 
situate  at  a  greater  distance,  and  across 
a  mighty  river  like  the  Thames.  Now 
it  is  quite  clear  that  the  extremely 
brief  stay  of  Cssar  utterly  precluded 
him  from  delaying  his  march  to  wait 
for  supplies.  The  road  by  which  the 
supplies  even  reached  Ctesar  is  still 
in  existence  near  Higham. 

Yours,  &c.  A.  J.  DuNKiN. 


Mr.  Urban,  Biihoptom  Lodge, 
YOUR  well-known  care  for  the  pre- 
servation of  antiquities,  assures  me 
that  you  will  admit  the  present  com- 
munication, which  I  deem  may  be  in- 
teresting to  many  as  connected  with 
the  history  of  a  man  publicly  known 
in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  the 
Second. 

In  the  possession  of  William  Iluges- 
sen  Hugessen,  esq.  of  Stodmarch 
Court  in  the  county  of  Kent,  and 
Ripon,  in  the  county  of  York,  is  a 
curious  silver  tankard,  presented  by 
King  Charles  the  Second  to  his  ancestor 
the  celebrated  Sir  Edmund  fiury 
Godfrey,  who  was  murdered  in  1678. 
It  records  his  haviog  been  knighted  for 

*  Sed  eo8  fagieotes  loogibs  Cbsht 
peraequi  vetuit,  et  qai>d  loci  natnram  ig- 
norabat,  et  qa5d  magnk  parte  diei  con- 
samptif  muoitioDi  castrorum  tempos  re- 
lioqoi  volebat.    Lib.  v.  c.  viii. 

t  Q.  Laberius  Dams  was  buried  at 
Chartham  Downs.  Mr.  Fagg  in  the 
eighteenth  century  opened  the  barrow, 
and  was  rewarded  by  fiuding  many  relics. 
(Douglas,  Nenia  Brit.)  £o  die  Q.  La- 
berius Dnrus  tribanus  mil.  interficitur : 
illi,  pluribos  submissis  cohortibus,  re* 
pellentur. 


his  public  services  during  the  Great 
Fire  in  1666,  having  previously  re- 
ceived this  cup  from  the  Privy  Council 
for  his  exertions  in  counteracting  the 
progress  of  the  Plague  in  the  preced- 
ing year.  On  the  front  are  engraven 
the  arms  of  the  royal  donor,  and 
below  those  of  Sir  Edmund.  On  a 
compartment  on  the  right  is  a  rude 
representation  of  the  great  Fire,  with 
this  inscription : 

Tir  reverk  ReipublicK  Natus, 
Cum  urbem  Im*anis  vastabat  Ignis, 

Dei  ProridentiA  et  virtute  sua 
Flam*anmi  medio.  Tutus  et  Illustris. 
Deinde  cogente  Rege 
[Rude  Illustration  of  the  Fire.] 
(At  merito)  emicuit  E^ues  Auratus 
E.  B.  G.  T**'  16(MJ. 
Ctetera  Loquentur  Pauperes  et  Trivia. 
On  the  left  compartment  is  a  reprc- 
sentation  of  the  Plague  of  London  in 
1666,  with  the  following  Latin  inscrip- 
tion: 

Ex  Dono  E.  B.  G.  Militis, 

Irenarchae  Seduli,  Integerimi ; 

Quern 

Post  egregiam  in  fuganda  peste  pnestitam 

operam 

Carolos  secondus  semper  Augustus 

Assensu  Procerum  a  secrctis  Coucilijs 

In  Perpetuam  tantK  Pietatis  Memuriam 

Argenteo    donavit    Ocnophoro,    et  vcre 

Regio, 

Hoc  Amphorte  modo  insignito. 

[The  Plague.] 

Gratia  Dei  et  Regis  Caroli  secundi 

Pestis  alijs,  sibi  salus. 

E.  B.  G.  1665. 

The  weight  of  this  curious  relic  is 

2lbs.  6oz.  Uie  height  six  inches. 

It  may  not  be  amiss  to  state  the 
way  in  which  it  came  into  the  Hu- 
gessen family,  who  have  for  several 
centuries  resided  in  the  county  of 
Kent.  James  Hugessen,  a  native  of 
Dunkirk,  the  founder  of  the  family, 
was  born  in  1557>  and  died  at  Lin- 
stead  Lodge  March  24th  1637  ;  James, 
his  son,  was  High  Sheriff  of  the 
county  17  Ch.  I.  as  was  also  his  son 
Sir  William  Hugessen,  Knt.  who  died 
1675  :  from  this  Sir  William  descended 
John  Hugessen,  esq.  of  Stockbury  and 
Stodmarch,  who  married  Amye,  dau. 
and  heiress  of  William  Courtborpe, 
esq.  of  Stodmarch  Court,  by  Amye  bis 
wife,  dau.  and  heiress  of  Peter  God- 
frey>  esq.  of  Hodiford,  who  was  brother 
and    heir   to    Sir  Edmund,    son    of 


d 


I 

ft. 


1844.]  Effigy  in  the  Chapel  at  Haccombe,  co.  Devon. 


381 


Thomas  Godfrey,  esq.  of  Hod i ford, 
who  was  second  sod  of  Thomas  God- 
frey, esq.  of  Lydd.  This  John  Hu- 
gessen  had  issue  two  sons  and  one 
daughter,  of  whom  William,  the  eldest, 
died  s.p.  1801.  John,  the  second  son, 
died  unmarried,  and  Elizabeth  married 
at  Canterbury  Feb.  8th  1761,  Robert 


Spratt  of  Stodmarch,  esq.  by  whom 
she  had  issue  William  Hugessen 
Spratt,  esq.  who  assumed  the  name 
and  arms  of  Hugessen  by  sign  manual, 
and  is  now  the  representative  of  the 
family  and  possessions  of  the  Hugessen 
and  Godfrey  estates. 

W.  D.  B. 


EFFIGY  OF  A  COURTENAY  AT  HACCOMBE,  CO.  DEVON. 
{With  a  Plate.) 


THE  elegant  effigy  represented  in 
the  annexed  plate  is  in  the  private 
chapel  of  the  Courtenays  at  Hac- 
combe in  Devonshire.*  It  is  of 
alabaster,  scarcely  more  than  two  feet 
long,  and  rests  on  a  small  table  mo- 
nument. It  is  evidently  of  the  four- 
teenth century,  and  the  representation 
of  a  youth  who  had  not  assumed  arms, 
a  change  in  the  life  of  a  young  noble- 
man which  generally  took  place  about 
the  age  of  fifteen.f  He  wears  the 
attire  of  peace,  and,  in  respect  to  cos- 
tume, assimilates  with  the  youthful 
effigies  of  William  of  Windsor,  son  of 
King  Edward  the  Third,  in  West- 
minster Abbey,  and  of  William  of 
Hatfield,  another  son  of  that  monarch, 
in  York  cathedral. 

The  head  of  the  Courtena.y  family, 
during  the  whole  of  the  long  reign  of 
Edward  III.  was  Hugh  second  Earl 
of  Devon.  He  died  in  the  last  year 
of  that  king,  and  was  buried  in  Exeter 
cathedral,  having  married  Margaret 
Bohun,  daughter  of  Humphrey  Earl 
of  Hereford  and  Essex,  and  grand- 
daughter of  King  Edward  the  First. 
By  this  lady  he  had  a  family,  the 
number  of  which  even  exceeded  that 
of  their  royal  cousins,  the  floorishing 
progeny  of  King  Edward  and  Queen 
Philippa.  The  Earl  of  Devon  had 
eight  sons  and  nine  daughters.  The 
latter  were  mostly  suitably  married. 
The  former  were  as  follow  : 

1.  Hugh  Courtenay  le  Fitz,  who  wu 


*  The  drawing  and  etching  were  both 
made  by  Mr.  Robert  Stothard,  who  was 
told  that  it  represented  one  who  woold, 
had  be  lived,  have  become  Earl  of  Devon. 
It  had  escaped  the  notice  of  the  Messrs. 
Lysons. 

t  See  the  major  part  of  the  depositioiit 
in  the  Scrope  and  Grosrenor  Contro* 
Tcrsy, 


one  of  the  founders  of  the  Order  of  the 
Garter,  bat  died  in  1348  or  1349,  and 
was  buried  at  Ford  Abbey  in  Dorsetshire  \\ 
leaving  one  son,  Hugh,  who  was  summoned 
to  Parliament  in  1370  ;  but  also  died  be- 
fore his  grandfather,  Feb.  20,  1374. 

2.  Thomas,  Knight  of  the  Shire  for 
Devon,  who  also  died  before  his  father. 

3.  Edward,  whose  son  Edward  suc- 
ceeded his  grandfather  as  third  Earl  in 
1377. 

4.  William,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

5.  John,  Knight  of  the  Shire  for  Devon 
2  Rich.  II. 

6.  Philip,  of  Powderham,  ancestor  of 
the  present  Earl  of  Devon. 

7.  Sir  Peter  Courtenay,  K.G.  buried  in 
Exeter  Cathedral. 

8.  Humphrey. 

To  none  of  these  sons  can  our  effigy 
belong,  unless  it  be  to  the  last,  of 
whom  we  have  nothing  but  the  name. 
The  others  all  attained  to  man's 
estate.  It  may,  however,  represent, 
if  not  a  brother,  a  youthful  son  of  one 
of  them,  or  even  of  one  of  their  sisters. 
Should  the  means  of  more  precise  in- 
formation be  in  the  power  of  any  of 
our  readers,  wc  shall  be  thankful  to 
receive  it. 


Mr.  Urban,     Lief^ld,  March  18. 

A  RESIDENCE  of  someyears  in  this 
cathedral  city,  hallowed  by  proud  as- 
sociations from  Saxon  times  even  to 
our  own  day,  having  led  roe  to  collect 
materials  for  "  the  life  of  saint 

CHAD,  THE  FIRST  BISHOP  OF  LICH- 
FIELD ;  together  with  some  notice  of 
his  contemporaries  and  times,  and  an 

t  See  a  memoir  of  him  in  Beltz*8  Me- 
morials of  the  Order  of  the  Garter,  p.  31. 
Dugdale  and  most  other  writers  have 
erroneously  supposed  that  his  fitber  the 
Earl  was  the  K.G.  Dogdale  hm  • 
attributed  to  a  single  penon  vnf 
belonging  to  the  tiro  Hi^jlifl 


ist 


On  ike  ruk$far  finOMff  SuOer, 


CApiU. 


account  of  the  rtljgioo  ancientlf  pro* 
feMed  by  the  British  and  IrUh ;  io 
whose  form  of  doctrine  Saint  Chad 
was  educated ;"  I  felt,  in  progress  of 
the  collection,  unavoidably  obliged  to 
dwell  on  the  different  bearings  of  ths 
ewUrovergy  about  the  due  time  far  cele* 
brating  Maater,  which  so  amazingly 
disturbed  the  churches  in  Britain 
during  the  seventh  century,  and  in 
the  decision  of  which  Saiat  Chad'f 
eldest  brother  bore  such  prominent 
office. 

In  defence  of  my  remarks  on  this 
subject,  I  hold  it  unnecessary  to  cita 
illustrious  examples  i  since  it  can 
acarceiy  be  doubted  by  those  who, 
perceiving  the  civilising  influence  of 
Christianity  in  all  nations,  have  paid 
but  even  moderate  attention  to  its 
rise  and  establishment  in  our  own 

florious  island,  that  the  modem 
Snglish  layman  is  as  much  indebted 
for  the  peace  of  his  station  in  society 
to  the  fruits  of  Saxon  missions,  as  the 
churchman  is  for  his;  and  that,  io 
consequent  gratitude,  collecting  ade- 
quate materials  for  the  life  of  almost 
any  eminent  Saxoo  who  lived  in  Saint 
Chad's  day,  it  must  be  impossible  to 
avoid  the  examination  of  a  subject 
which  has  since  then  been  so  exten- 
sively debated  as  the  Saxon  coAtro* 
versy  about  Easter. 

In  thus  alluding  to  this  celebrated 
controversy,  however,  my  object  1$ 
merely  to  acknowledge,  or  explaia, 
that  the  study  of  its  history  naturally 
led  to  a  more  extended  view  of  our 
moveable  feasts ;  from  which  view  re- 
iulted,  amongst  others,  the  present 
remarks  on  tbe  rules  fob  finpfin^ 

BASTSR. 

Now,  with  regard  to  tjiese  mles, 
TBI  KBTONic  CTCLs,  being  peculiarly 
distinguished  as  a  cycle  of  ^oite  mm^' 
here  for  popular  calculation  of  lunar 
periods,  is,  for  verjr  obvious  reasons, 
of  eminent  servica  in  determiniog  the 
moveable  feasts  of  the  church.  Aod^ 
although  astronomers  have  unavoidably 
pointed  out  certain  discrepancifs, 
which,  as  in  the  present  year,  must 
occur  between  stnctly  astronomical 
and  merely  general  rules,  for  finding 
the  date  of  the  full  moop  next  after 
the  vernal  equinox,  and  consequent 
day  of  Easter,  it  must,  oa  dua  consi- 
deration, be  obvious,  that  oikw  than 
general  rules  cannot  ba  adopted  for 
determining  SAaTU  9AJ,  g»  WAiAdM 


rast  of  the  mofcable  feasts  depend. 
But,  at  the  same  time*  it  must  be  al- 
lowed that  diese  general  rnles  ought 
to  be  as  correct  as  the  nature  of  the 
caaa  will  admit  of. 

It  has  just  bean  noted  that  the 
preaaot  year  fornishaa  an  instance  of 
discrepancy  between  astronomical  and 
general  calculation  for  finding  the  date 
of  the  fo\\  moon  which  happens  upon, 
or  next  after,  the  twenty-first  day  of 
March.  That  is,  the  general  rule 
adopted  in  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  points  to  the  second  of  April 
as  tne  date  of  the  Paschal  full  moon 
for  the  year  1844,  whereas  the  exact 
date  is  shown  by  astronomical  cal- 
culation to  be  the  third  day  of  this 
month.  And  although  the  following 
Sunday,  as  Easter. day,  is  not  affected 
in  this  particular  instance,  yet  modem 
instances  have  occurred  in  which  the 
feast  of  Easter,  as  determined  by  the 
received  general  rules,  has  been  affected 
by  an  error  of  a  week. 

Thus,  to  quote  such  high  authority 
as  that  of  a  truly  learned  bishop,^ 
''By  exact  computation  the  first  of 
April,  1798,  should  have  been  Easter 
Sunday,  whereas,  by  the  calendar 
prescribed,  it  was  not  celebrated  till 
the  Sunday  ttfter.  Also,  the  twenty- 
ninth  of  March,  1818,  should  have 
been  Easter  Sunday,  instead  of  the 
twenty-second  of  March  ithe  Sunday 
6^ore],  as  found  by  the  prescribed 
mode  of  calculation." 

Other  instances  of  this  kind  might 
be  given.  But  they  are  trifles  when 
compared  with  the  many  and  extensive 
errors  that  may  occur  at  some  future 
period  I  so  that,  without  prophecying 
a  revival  of  the  Whitby  controversy, 
it  can  scarely  be  thought  unfair  to 
point  oyt  why  and  where  our  "rules 

roa  THE  MOVEABLE    FEASTS "   are   UOt 

correct. 

In  the  age  of  Pope  Gregory  the 
Thirteenth,  when  the  Gregorian  style 
was  first  adopted,  the  length  of  the 
solar  year  was  estimated  at  365  days, 
6  hours,  49  minutes,  and  16  seconds ; 
this  estimate  having  been  founded  on 
the  observations  of  Copernicus  and 
others,  the  then  highest  authorities; 
and,  consequently,  by  counting  ninety - 
■even  leap  years  instead  of  a  hundred 


♦  See  Bishop  BrinUey's  SlamiBts  o 
Aatroaomy,  ISactiQa  9d3. 


1 844.]        The  Metcnk  C^cte,^ The  Trtmi  of  ihi  Zetkndttn; 

in  four  centuries,  this  being  really  the 
esaenci?  of  the  Gregorian  styl«»  it  -wm 
computed  that  the  solar  measure  of 
time  thai  gained,  but  gained  very 
slowly,  on  the  civil  roeoaure. 

Now  modern  calculation  has  shown 
that  the  reverse  of  thig  ts  the  fact,  and 
this  to  such  extent  that,  instead  of 
losing  on  the  true  measure  of  time, 
the  dregorian  style  gains  rather  more 
than  a  day  in  four  thousand  years. 
Besides  which,  the  estimate  of  the 
Metonic  Cycle  differs  from  that  adopted 
by  the  reformers  of  the  calendar,  and 
thus  considerable  error  may  occur  in 
process  of  time  in  the  received  auLES 

FOB  FmniNO  BA9TBR. 

The  data  used  in  conitructing  thefol* 
hwing  tabh  are  these ; 

A  xETo?}ic  CTCL£  IB  eatimat«d  at 
6,039.68865  daya  i 

NiMETaaif  aoLAK  rsAtta  at  the 
same  whole  number  of  days,  and  such 
decimal  fraction  as  makes  the  measure 
of  A  AOLAR  CBNTuav,  amouut  to 
36,524*224  days  j 

And,  in  estimating  civil  timb,  one 
day  is  omitted  from  the  amount  shown 
by  the  Gregorian  style^  in  a  lapse  of 
four  thousand  years,  whereby  the  civil 
measure  of  time  very  nearly  approxi- 
mates the  solar  measure* 

These  exact  data  arc  adopted  for 
facility  of  calculation,  aa  well  as 
because  they  so  very  nearly  approxi- 
mate the  most  accurate  estimates  of 
time.  Thus,  the  solar  year,  in  the 
present  account  being  365  days,  5 
llOiira,  48  minutes,  and  49,536  seconds, 
differs  less  than  a  quarter  of  a  second 
from  the  most  approved  estimate. 
And  nearly  the  same  may  be  said  of 
the  number  adopted  as  the  measure  of 
the  MetonicCycle.  While  the  facility 
of  the  calculation,  to  omit  notice  of 
the  known  utility  of  decimals,  is  this: 

Popularly  speaking,  the  Metonic 
Cycles  anticipate  solar  time  uniTormly, 
and  therefore  their  advance  or  gain  on 
ioUr  time  is  a  plain  question  of  plain 
anthmetic,  white  the  differences  be- 
tween the  length  of  solar  and  civit 
centuries  is,  perhaps,  as  easy  a  calcn- 
lation.  And  from  these  the  advance 
or  gain  of  the  Metonic  Cycle  on  civil 
time  must  accurately  result,  because 
this  advance  is  invariably  its  advance 
on  solar  time,  plus  or  mm  mi,  as  the 
case  may  be,  the  diiference  batween 
the  solar  and  aivil  roaaaarti, 

Youff f  kt,    J*  A* 


S8S 


1  TabI 
M 
C 

B.C. 

40.. 
39.. 
38.. 
37- 
36.. 
35 

e  to  thouf  r; 

ftonk  CyeU 
Dayi, 

....     -67 
...,    IBS 
..,,    2-03 
....    1-70 
....   2*38 
....  3*06 
....   3-73 
....  3'41 
....  4-09 
-..  4*77 
.i..   6*44 
....   §13 
....   5*80 
....   6*47 
....   715 
..«,   6*83 
....   7*51 
....   8*18 
....   8*86 
....   8*54 
....   9*21 
....   9  89 
....10-57 
....10*25 
,...10-92 
,...11-60 
....12*28 
....11*95 
. . , .  12-6.1 
....13-31 
....13-99 
....13*66 
....15'34 
....I5*0f 

\0  antieipatton  </  the 
on  eipii  etnhtrin, 
C           Days. 

B.C. 

6 15*09 

5.1 4,..  15*37 

4 1605 

3 16*73 

2 1740 

34.. 
33.. 

32.. 
31>< 

C 

C.t. 

1... 

Daji. 
.  ..18'76 

30.. 

2... 

.  *.  19*43 

29.. 

3... 
4... 

*,.  20*11 
..,19*79 

t7. . 

5... 

...20*46 

«6.. 

6,.. 

**«2ri4 

S&.. 

7**t 

.  ,.21*B2 

94 

8... 

.4.21*50 

23.. 

22.  • 

9,.. 
10... 

...2217 
.,.32*85 

21.. 
20,, 

11... 
12.,. 

..23*53 
, , ,  23*20 

19.. 

13,.. 

,  ,.23'88 

t».. 

14... 

, . .  24*56 

17.. 
16., 

15.. 

15... 
16.., 
17... 

...25*24 
.,.24*91 
. . .  25*59 

14., 

18*. . 

...  26*27 

13.. 
12.. 

19.., 

-.,26*94 
,  • .  26"63 

11.. 

21... 

...  27*30 

10 

22... 

...27-98 

9,. 

23.., 

...  28*65 

8,. 

24... 

,  • .  48*33 

7. 

«5... 

...29*01 

Ma. 

Urban, 

Market  Bomortk, 

Kmh    in 

AT  p.  165,  voL  I.  of  the  Life  of  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  by  Mr.  Lockhart,  in 
one  of  the  five  very  interesting  journals 
kept  by  the  poet  on  his  "  lighthouse 
tour,'"  as  he  calls  it.  mention  is  made 
of  the  superstitions  of  the  Zettandera. 
"  Witches,  fairies,  3tc."  he  observet» 
"  are  as  numerous  as  ever  they  were 
in  Teviotdale/'  "  The  latter,"  he 
continues,  "are  called  irows,  probably 
from  the  Norwegian  dw'drg  (or  dwarO, 
the  d  being  readily  converted  into  I. 
The  dwarfs  are  the  prime  agentu  in 
the  machinery  of  Norwegian  super* 
atition.  The  tn>t^»  do  not  differ  from 
the  fairies  of  the  Lowlands,  ai  sightan 
of  the  Highlanders.  They  steal 
children,  dwell  within  the  intciior  of 
green  hilts,  and  often  carry  mortals 
into  their  recesses.  Some,  yet  alivt, 
pretend  to  have  been  carried  off  ia 
this  way«  and  obtain  credit  for  thft 


384      Troll,  cmd  DroU.-^Perriwigg.'^Library  of  Sir  C.  Wren.    [AprU, 


marvels  they  tell  of  the  subterranean 
habitations  of  the  irows.  Sometimes, 
when  a  person  becomes  melancholy 
and  low-spirited,  the  trows  are  sup- 
posed to  have  stolen  the  real  being  and 
left  a  moving  phantom  to  represent 
him.  Sometimes  they  are  said  to 
steal  only  the  heart,  like  Lancashire 
witches." 

Local  superstitions  are  never  mat- 
ters of  indifference  to  the  poet  or  the 
philosopher,  to  the  antiquary  or  his- 
torian, for  they  are  at  once  elements 
and  symbols  of  national  character. 
No  wonder,  therefore,  that  they  never 
escaped  the  attention  of  one  who  so 
pre-eminently  united  each  of  those 
characters  in  his  own  person.  But 
my  only  object  in  citing  the  above 
passage  is  to  venture  another  ety- 
mology for  the  word  trow, 

I  need  scarcely  observe  that  it  is 
evidently  too  far  removed  from  dwdrg 
or  dodrg,  for  that  to  be  the  legitimate 
derivation.  The  fact  is  that  the  com- 
mon word  for  demons  and  witches  in 
the  northern  languages  is  the  very  ex- 
pression from  which  the  Zetlanders 
have  obtained  their  trows.  Droll  is 
the  Swedish  name  for  these  imaginary 
beings,  and  trolla,  the  verb,  is  '*  to  use 
witchcraft."  Troll-pacha  is  the  Mac- 
beth ian  witch  or  sorceress,  and  trolldom 
the  arts  which  she  uses.  The  Lap- 
landers have  the  same  term.  TYullet 
is  with  them  to  bewitch,  and  their 
enchanter  or  sorcerer  is  trulles  almats, 
a  man  of  witchery,  which  the  Danes 
call  a  trold  karU*  Trold,  indeed, 
signifies  with  them  any  frightful  or 
portentous  being.  But  with  the  Ice- 
landers the  troll  is  the  very  giant  or 
ogre  who  carries  off  men  and  children, 
and,  for  all  we  know,  makes  broth  of 
them  for  their  refectories  within  the 
green  hills,  or  devours  them,  "Eyteara 
Tf,  adp)^at  T€,  Koi  dcTia  fxv€\6€VTa, 

*  In  the  Swedish  translation  of  the 
Heims  Kringla,  by  i'eriugtikiold,  the  word 
triilkarl  and  compounds  of  the  word  troll 
are  used  to  express  the  sorcerer  or  magician 
and  his  artti.  The  corresponding  term  in 
the  Icelandic  for  the  former  is  Knugan- 
m;inn  andScid-madur,  (**troldmand,"  Dan.) 
The  Icelanders  call  the  arts  of  sorcery 
fiOlkynfri.  I  have  just  observed  in  an 
advertisement  that  the  Sa^^as,  called  the 
Heinis-kringla,  have  been  translated  by  Mr. 
Laing,  the  intelligent  traveller  in  Sweden, 
and  will  he  publiriied  next  week. 
0* 


Our  word  droU  and  the  French 
word  drdle  are  both,  no  doubt,  from 
this  source.  Manage  derives  the  latter 
from  drauculus,  the  diminutive  of 
draucus :  "  Ou  plut6t,"  he  continues, 
"de  tropuhu,  dans  la  signification 
d'un  homme,  qui  fait  le  beau,  qui  se 
pique  d'etre  ^l^gant  en  la  personne," 
&c.  In  the  close,  however,  he  men- 
tions that  M.  de  Caseneuve  actually 
ascribed  to  it  the  very  etymology  which 
I  have  already  affixed. 

Yours,  &c.     Arthur  B.  Evans. 


Mr.  Urban, 

I  SEND  you  two  extracts  from  the 
Daily  Advertizer  of  Oct.  26,  1748, 
which  you  may  deem  sufficiently  curi- 
ous to  be  noticed.        Yours,  J.  A.  R. 

**  Perriwigs  made  in  a  Method  quite 
new«  and  contrived  to  keep  so  close  to  the 
Head,  that  no  Wind  can  move  them,  and 
yet  may  be  eas'd  or  loosenM  at  pleasure ; 
the  Caul  by  this  contrivance  never  shrinks, 
and  those  who  like  to  keep  their  heads 
warm,  it  is  done  by  this  method  effectually 
by  John  Piestlby,  at  y*  farthest  house 
in  Fountain  Court,  Cheapside. 

**  Note. — Strong  cut  Wigs  for  riding 
(of  any  colour)  that  will  stand  the 
weather,  vrith  foretops  that  will  neither 
fall  nor  separate."  ,  .  **  I  likewise  make, 
in  the  best  manner,  Ladies  riding  Wigs 
and  dressing  Curls;  to  be  disposed  of 
either  by  myself,  or  by  my  Spouse,  who 
cuts  Ladies  hair  very  genteely,  and  has  a 
liquid  that  strengthens  y*  Curls  and  gives 
a  fine  gloss  to  the  hair,  without  the  least 
injury.*' 

**To  be  Sold  by  Auction,  by  Mess'. 
Cock  and  Langford,  in  y*  Great  Piazza, 
Covent  Garden,  this  and  y*  following 
evening,  '  The  curious  and  entire  Li- 
hraries  of  y'  ingenious  Architect,  Sia 
Christophkr  Wren,  Knt.  andCHRis- 
TOPHBR  Wren,  Esq.  his  son,  late  of 
Hampton  Court ;  both  deceased.  Con- 
sisting  of  great  variety  of  Books  qf  Archi- 
tecture, Antiquities,  Histories,  &c.  in 
Greek,  Latin,  French,  and  English  ; 
together  with  some  few  lots  of  Prints. 
The  raid  books  may  be  viewed  at  Mr. 
Cock's  in  y«  great  Piazza  aforesaid,  till  y 
time  of  sale,  which  will  begin  each  even- 
ing at  5  o'clock  precisely.  Catalogues  of 
which  may  be  had  gratis  at  >'  place  of  sale 
aforesaid. 

•*  Note. — The  Curious  collection  of 
Coins  and  Medals,  Bronzes,  Marble,  and 
other  Antiquities,  will  shortly  be  exhibited 
to  Puhlick  Sale,  timely  notice  of  which 
will  be  given  in  this  Paper." 


385 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


Th«  Cott^spondencB  of  Robert  Bowet, 
of  A»ke,  Etquire,  ifte  Amba8§ador  of 
Qmepu    Eliiabeth   in   the    Court    of 
Scotland*     Published  by  the  Suriee$ 
Society,  ^m,  pp,  5S6. 
THE  editor  of  the  preaeot  volume 
has   biiatowed   extremely   little   pains 
upon  hts  work.     The  Introductioa  is 
a  very  poor   one,   iind    is    in   levcral 
respects  iQaccurate.     One  half  of  the 
volume  was  printed  before  the  writer  of 
the  letters   cootaioed  ia  it  was  iden- 
tified, and,  following  in  the  footsteps 
of  some  previous   mtsUken   authors, 
the    editor,   despite   many    war  Dings 
which  occurred  in  the  progresd  of  his 
work,  weut  on  through  at  least  two 
hundred  pages,  attributing  the  letters 
to  a  wrong  peraon.      Again,  the  work 
ia  derived  from  two  sources,  one,  the 
MS.  collections  in  the  British  Museum, 
principally  the  Scottish  Correspondence 
in  the  Cotton  MSS.  entitled  Caligula; 
the  other,  a  MS*   book  in   which  the 
writer,  Robert  Bowes,  is  satd  to  have 
entered   his  letters.      The  letters  de- 
rived from   the  first  source,  which  fill 
about  half  the  volume,  are  all  printed 
in  the  orthography  of  the  period,  but 
the  great  majority  of  those  from  the 
Bowes  Letter- book  are  in  modera  or- 
thography.    This  important  diflFerence 
is  unnoticed  and  unexplained  by  the 
editor.     If  the  Bowes'  book  is  indeed 
a  contemporaneous  MS.  there  cannot 
be  any  such  variation  in  the  ortho* 
graph y  of  different  parts  of  it  as   is 
presented  in  the  printed  book.     If  that 
variation  does  not  exist  in  the  original, 
why  should  it  have   been   introduced 
into  the  printed  hook  ?  or  why,  in  the 
same  volume,  should  the  Cotton  MSS. 
be  printed  according  to  one  system  of 
orthography,    and    the    Bowes    MS. 
partly    in   the   same    and    partly    in 
another.     Soch  patchwork  editing  in- 
troduces doubts  and  difficulties  which, 
if  not  avoided  by  the  editor,  should 
certainly  have  been  cleared   away   by 
notes  and  explanations.    But  there  are 
no  notes,  no  explanations.    Through 
588    closely  printed  and  most  unin- 
viting pages  the  patient  reader  is  left 
to  thread  his  way  without  the  leaat 
G»KT*  Maq.  Vol,  XXL 


assistance  from  the  editor.  DiMculties*  | 
historical  philological,  critical^  meet 
him  at  every  turn,  but  he  muat  clear 
them  up  as  he  best  can,  or  must  leav#  J 
them  uncleared.  The  editor  never 
helps  him*  This  is  very  unsatis- 
factory* It  lowers  the?  historical  value 
of  the  bookp  it  is  unjust  to  the  Society^  , 
which  pays  the  expenses  of  printing 
and  editing,  and  it  gives  rise  to  many 
suspicions  under  which  the  editor  it 
sure  to  suffer.  The  occurrence,  for 
instance,  of  doubtful  words  is  certain« 
if  the  words  remain  unnoticed  by  the 
editor,  to  create  doubts  as  to  hii 
accuracy.  Many  such  occur  in  the 
present  volume*  We  have  no  means 
of  referring  to  the  originals,  but  if  we 
were  to  do  so  we  heinously  suspect 
that  "his  own  house  at  Abirdone."  (p. 
84,)  would  be  found  to  be  **  his  own 
house  at  Abirdore  i*'  that  "  her  plea- 
sure is  that  you  should  be  willed  to 
folde  the  way  of  perswasion,"  (p*  HI,) 
would  read  **  her  pleasure  is  that  you 
should  be  willed  to  koide  the  way  of 
perswasion  ;"  that  *'  I  thing  ita  matter 
more  easy  than  profitable,"  (p.  236)  ; 
'*  such  articles  as  shall  please  4er 
Mq;e»ty*9  addren  to  be  ministered  to 
him/'  (p.  250)  ;  *'  seraynaaiste,'*  (p, 
391)  ;  '*  By  thought  be  saw,  he  said," 
(p.  420) ;  and  many  other  passages^ 
would  not  be  found  to  be  accurately 
printed.  If  they  are,  the  editor  should 
have  told  us  so,  and  have  pointed  out 
tlie  obvious  inaccuracy  of  his  MSS. 
When  we  next  meet  the  editor  we 
hope  we  shall  be  able  to  speak  of  his 
labours  in  better  terms  ;  on  the  present 
occasion  we  have  little  to  thank  hin 
for  ;  and  now  let  ua  turo  to  the  book 
itself. 

The  letters  range  from  1577  to  1583, 
during  which  time  the  writer  of  most 
of  them,  Robert  Bowes,  a  younger  eon 
of  a  well-known  family  in  the  Nortli, 
was  employed  by  Queen  Elizabeth's 
government  as  manager  and  agent  of 
the  English  party  in  Scotland.  His 
correspondence  is  full  for  the  years 
1580,  1582.  and  1593,  and  contains  a 
blunt  account  of  the  course  of  events 
from  the  arrival  of  Eam^  St«wart  ia 
3D 


Review.— 7%tf  Bowa  Correspondence, 


386 


Scotland  out  of  France  to  the  King's 
emancipation  from  the  thraldom  of 
the  Gowry  conspirators.  At  the 
opening  of  the  period  embraced  by 
these  letters  James  was  a  boy  eleven 
years  of  age,  and  the  Earl  of  Morton 
was  Regent  of  the  kingdom.  Upon 
the  arrival  of  Esm^  Stewart  the  King, 
attracted  by  his  graceful  manners  and 
the  polish  of  an  education  in  France, 
instantly  became  attached  to  him  with 
the  foolish  fondness  which  at  all  times 
formed  part  of  his  character.  The 
Lord  d'Aubign^,  as  Esm^  Stewart  was 
termed,  became  his  continual  asso- 
ciate, his  principal  confidant,  and  the 
nucleui  of   a  French    party,    distin- 

Siished  by  opposition  to  the  Earl  of 
orton  and  to  England.  Honours  in 
profusion  were  quickly  heaped  upon 
this  first  and  best  of  James's  favourites, 
and  the  present  volume  contains  a 
narrative,  in  letters  written  at  the  time, 
of  the  way  in  which  he  rose  in  spite  of 
all  the  opposition  of  Kirk  and  Regent, 
by  strides  rather  than  by  steps,  to  the 
summit  of  power  in  Scotland.  The 
ministers  of  the  Kirk  kept  such  strict 
watch  upon  him  and  his  agents  "  as 
they  cannot,"  writes  Bowes  (p.  17), 
"  open  their  pack  in  any  corner,  but 
their  wares  will  be  seen  and  published 
in  pulpit."  The  excesses  of  the 
Scottish  pulpit,  the  personal  abuse  of 
D'Aubign^  and  the  papists,  and  the 
way  in  which  John  Dury  and  his  co- 
adjutors sought  to  control  king  and 
people,  state  as  well  as  church,  are, 
indeed,  strikingly  exemplified  in  these 
pages.  If  the  editor  had  added  an 
index,  it  would  have  been  easy  for 
historical  inquirers  to  refer  to  them  ; 
as  he  has  not  done  so,  we  beg  to  indi- 
cate that  there  are  passages  relating 
to  the  conduct  of  the  clergy  at  pp. 
136,  140,  150,  159«  183,  344,  375, 
398,  442,  536. 

But  no  opposition  availed  to  keep 
down  the  aspiring  D'Aubign^,  who 
was  soon  created  Earl  (p.  15)  and 
afterwards  Duke  of  Lennox  and  Lord 
High  Chamberlain.  Bowes,  who 
watched  his  growing  greatness  with  a 
jealous  eye,  and  did  all  he  could  to 
throw  impediments  in  his  way,  was 
fain  to  hope  that  "his  weak  cask 
might  haply  burst  at  length,  with  the 
abundance  of  this  strong  liquor  so  fast 
poured  into  him"  (p.  85) ;  but  still 
the    favourite    increased    in    power. 


[April, 


helped  on  by  his  unscrupulous  assist- 
ant and  sharer  in  the  royal  favour. 
Captain  James  Stewart,  afterwards 
Earl  of  Arran,  and  by  the  strong  anti- 
English  feeling  which  not  even  Bowes's 
cunning,  aided  by  Elizabeth's  bribes, 
and  all  the  fiery  eloouence  of  the  Kirk, 
could  keep  down.  In  order  to  attain 
to  the  full  height  of  power,  and  to  its 
exercise  without  a  rival,  the  favourites 
were  at  length  urged  on  to  the  accu- 
sation and  judicial  murder  of  their  un- 
popular adversary  the  Earl  of  Morton. 
Bowes's  letters  furnish  a  valuable  ac- 
count of  the  commencement  of  this 
iniquitous  proceeding,  but  not  of  its 
conclusion.  Stewart's  violence  before 
the  council,  when  "  with  the  privity 
and  especial  commandment  of  the 
King,"  and  in  bis  majesty's  presence, 
he  brought  his  accusation  against 
Morton,  and  his  conduct  afterwards 
to  Mr.  John  Cragge,  who,  "in  his 
sermon  on  the  Sunday  following,"  in- 
veighed greatly  against  false  accusa- 
tions (p.  159)»  are  characteristic  of 
the  rudeness  of  the  men  and  of  the 
time.  The  feeling  against  England 
ran  so  high  at  that  time  in  Scotland, 
that  "  it  was  thought  as  dangerous  to 
confer  with  an  Englishman  as  to  rub 
on  the  infected  with  the  plague."  (p. 
160.) 

But  the  wheel  soon  turned.  A 
hiatus  of  a  little  more  than  twelve 
months  occurs  in  the  Correspondence 
at  p.  176,  and  when  it  is  resumed  we 
find  the  scene  altogether  changed. 
The  brief  reign  of  the  comparatively 
amiable  Lennox  was  at  an  end,  and 
the  young  king,  then  at  the  age  of 
sixteen,  had  been  forcibly  seized  by 
Qowry  and  the  English  party  (pp.  178, 
179).  The  possession  of  the  person 
of  the  sovereign  carried  with  it  the 
royal  authority,  and  the  unhappy  boy 
was  compelled,  upon  tKe  dictation  of 
his  new  masters,  to  order  the  banish- 
ment of  those  who  had  been  of  late 
his  cherished  friends.  The  stratagems 
by  which  Lennox  contrived  to  delay 
his  departure  from  Scotland  for  many 
months,  in  the  vain  hope  that  some 
attempt  would  be  made  on  his  behalf 
by  his  friends,  are  related  in  these 
pages  from  time  to  time  as  they  oc- 
curred, in  a  way  which  renders  them 
extremely  valuable  for  historical  pur- 
poses. In  the  end  Elizabeth  lent 
spurs  of  gold  to  this  flying  enemy.  H  e 


1844.] 


Review,^  J7ic  Bowes  Correspondence, 


3«7 


was  allowed  to  pass  through  Engkiid, 
BXkd  was  laodetl  iix  France,  where  dia- 
appDititcd  ambition  and  the  frowns 
which  those  m  authority  bestowed  on 
hia  unaucces!»ful  endeavours  in  their 
behalf  (p.  468) «  soon  hurried  him  into 
the  grave.  The  volume  before  ua  is 
full  of  incidents  cozmected  with  this 
iute resting  personage.  That  be  had 
many  faults,  and  was  mixed  up  with 
some  glaring  crimes*  is  unquestionable* 
But  his  faults  and  the  crimes  in  which 
he  participated  brought  upon  htm  a 
puuiehment  which  w^as  greater  than 
he  could  bear.  Worn  out  by  the 
Btorms  of  states  the  want  of  gratitude 
in  his  friends,  and,  aa  he  perhaps 
thought,  the  faithlessness  of  the  King, 
his  gentle  spirit  sank  under  the  sudden 
reverse  of  hia  brilliant  fortune.  That 
James  was  not  altogether  faithless  to 
him  is  clear,  from  many  passages  in 
this  volume  (pp.  182,  186,  305),  and 
from  the  result. 

The  neict  twelve  months  is  a  period 
of  great  importance  in  the  life  of 
James.  During  all  that  time  he  was 
in  the  hands  of  the  Gowry  party,  and 
was  occaaionally  treated  by  them  with 
considerable  harshness.  At  6rst  he 
exhibited  many  tokens  of  alarm  at 
their  conduct  towards  him,  "  let  fall 
some  tean,  and  also  showed  great  fear 
to  be  hardly  dealt  withall"  (p.  202}  ; 
his  timid  nature  was  soon  overborne  hy 
such  harsh  speeches  as  that  of  the 
Master  of  Gltmis.  "  Let  him  weep," 
aaid  that  hard  man  ;  "  better  children 
weep  than  bearded  men."  Awed  into 
submission,  the  youthful  monarch 
became  a  profound  dissembler,  and 
for  nearly  twelve  months  this  boy  of 
sixteen  contrived  to  seal  up  the  eyes 
of  all  around  him,  not  even  excepting 
Mr.  Bowes.  During  thtt  period  the 
volume  before  us  is  the  very  beat  his- 
torical  authority  for  the  actual  con* 
duct  of  James.  Bowes  was  frequently 
with  him,  and  reports,  do  doubt  faith- 
fully,  hia  conversations  and  opinions, 
which  amounted  not  merely  to  an  ac- 
quiescence^ but  an  approval  of  the 
then  state  of  things.  At  length,  upon 
a  summer  excursion,  he  suddenly 
called  around  him  the  heads  of  the 
Lennox  party,  declared  that  he  would 
not  be  led  "  by  any  three  earU  or  other 
number  of  persons,"  hut  would  be 
known  to  be  *'an  universal  king.  In- 
different  to  them  all,"  aad  thus,  m  an 


instant,    accomplished   another    great 
revolution  in  the  government  (p.  479). 

The  present  volume  shews  that  this 
step  waa  preceded  by  that  not  unusual 
precursor  of  political  convulsions,  a 
general  feeling  of  insecurity  and  an- 
ticipation of  some  approaching  change 
(pp.  450,  452*454,464,466).  Bowet 
even  spoke  to  the  King  upon  the  sub- 
ject, who  gave  him  "  all  the  satisfac-  \ 
tion  that  in  words  may  he  found  ;  so,*'  ! 
remarks  the  ambassador,  "as  all 
things  presently  remain  in  good  quiet-  j 
n  ess, ' '  The  h  i  sto  ry  of  th  i  s  transaction  , 
memorable  in  the  history  of  Scotland, 
and  moat  important  in  the  considera- 
tion of  the  personal  character  of  James, 
is  fully  illustrated  in  the  present 
volume.  Bowes  was  completely  out- 
witted, and  James  gained  hia  end, 
ruining  the  party  who  had  kept  him 
in  thraldom,  and  recalling  to  his  coun- 
cils the  friends  of  Lennox  and  his  old 
aasociate  Arran.  Had  Lennox  lived, 
but  a  few  weeks  longer,  he  might  have 
returned  to  Scotland  in  triumph. 

Astonished  at  this  sudden  convul- 
sion, the  English  government  sent  the 
veteran  Walsingham  into  Scotland  to  • 
endeavour  to  regain  their  lost  influ- 
ence. His  many  inirmities  detained 
him  on  the  road  far  longer  than  Bowes 
desired,  and  at  his  coming  he  found 
that  little  could  be  done  with  Jamca 
himself.  He  laid  schemes,  however, 
for  another  CQUf  d*etat,  in  the  midst 
of  the  preparations  for  which  Bowet 
was  recalled,  and  the  volume  closes. 

It  is,  beyond  doubt,  a  valuable  ad« 
dition  to  our  historical  materials,  and, 
as  such,  a  publication  creditable  to 
the  Society.  It  should  have  had  an 
Index,  without  which  few  readers  will 
be  able  to  turn  it  to  much  advantage* 

Besides  the  direct  historical  matter  i 
to  which  we  have  alluded,  the  book 
contains  many  incidental  allusions  to  j 
subjects  of  interest.     Amongst  them  j 
we  may  notice  that  it  contains  a  men-  < 
tion  (not  the  latest  we  have,  for  it  is  j 
said  to  have  been  seen  by  Charles  II.} 
of  the  coffer  or  silver-gilt  casket  whick 
contained    the  letters    between   Mary- 
Queen  of  Scots  and  Bothwell,  then  in  J 
the  hands  of  the  Earl   of  Gowry  *Cpp* 
236,  2iO,  253)  ;  a  notice   of  a  present  J 
of  "  fower  casts  of  Scottish  fawcons*^ J 
Cp.  2) ;  the  breaking  out  of  a  '*  nc^l 
disease"  at  Edinburgh  in  the  summer | 
of  1560  similiLr  to  that  we  aow  ter 


RKTiiWi^Taylor's  AMpdHa  tfKi^B  Jtymi. 


S88 

inflneoza  (pp.  84,  90«  91*  100).  It 
affected  three  or  four  Uiousand  people 
in  Edinburgh  at  one  time.  At  p.  169* 
we  have  a  mention  of  certain  caricature 
pasquinades  set  np  in  Edinburgh ;  one 
of  an  ox  warning  the  Earl  of  Argyll  to 
baste  his  return  unto  his  country;  the 
other  of  a  pard  advising  Lennox  to 
fteek  another  country,  seeing  that  the 
ftidm  hath  no  seat  for  him.  lliere 
are  many  personal  traits  of  James, 
and  allusions  to  the  practice  of  torture, 
(pp.  276,  435,  467.  539.)  and  othef 
peculiarities  of  the  age  and  country. 

TV  AnttquitieB  qf  KiM*$  Ljftm,  Mr- 
folh  Bf  William  Tiylor,  auihar  nf 
"AtmaUqf  St.MarffChery."  Roptti 
8iH).  30  Fiatei. 

WE  are  very  happy  to  notice  this 
httik  evidence  of  the  antiquarian  taste 
itad  zeal  of  Mr.  William  Taylor,  who 
many  years  ago  made  himself  known 
as  an  artist  by  his  illustrations  of  the 
diurch  of  St.  Mary  Overy,  in  South- 
wark,  before  either  the  restoration  of 
its  Lady  Chapel  had  added  to  its  fame, 
or  the  destruction  of  its  Nave  had 
iftxed  upon  its  parishioners  an  eternal 
dlserace.  Mr.  Taylor  is  now  resident 
at  Lynn,  one  of  those  scenes  of  earlv 
prosperity  in  commerce  which  still 
retain  many  interesting  memorials  of 
tiie  past,  not  yet  crumbled  away  under 
the  hand  of  time,  nor  obliterated  bv 
the  more  summary  processes  of  a  self- 
Btyled  improvement.  Lynn  Is  espe- 
cialtv  famous  for  its  magnificent  se- 
pulchral brasses  of  some  of  its  ancient 
merchants,  and  for  its  civic  cup,  said 
to  have  been  the  gift  of  King  John. 
The  former  are  on  too  large  a  scide  fot 
tlie  size  of  Mr.  Taylor's  book.  Indeed, 
they  are  already  sufficiently  repre- 
sented in  the  Works  of  Gough  and 
Cotman;  besides  which,  we  may 
mention  that  "the  peacock  feast,'* 
and  the  rural  or  romantic  subjects. 
Which  occur  as  borders  or  friezes  in 
tile  brass  of  Robert  Braunche,  have 
been  engraved  in  a  large  folio  size  by 
Mr.  Robert  Stothard.  The  cup  has 
been  recently  well  represented  in  Mr. 
Bhaw's  "Ancient  Furniture,"  &c.  Mr. 
Tkylor  gives  a  clever  etching  of  it  on  a 
smaller  scale.  He  has  also  presented 
US  with  the  brass  of  Walter  Cony, 
(bb.  1479).  whose  handsome  timber 
house,  destroyed  in  1816,  was  ex- 
bibiud  to  oar  reftden  in  our  Mag«tine 


[April, 


for  March  1843,  and  of  which  Mr. 
Taylor  has  published  another  view, 
and  also  a  plate  of  details.  His  other 
subjects  are  furnished  chiefly  by  the 
church  of  St.  Margaret,  the  chapel  of 
St.  Nicholas,  the  church  of  All  Saints 
at  South  Lynn,  and  the  chapel  of  Our 
Lady  on  the  Mount.  The  various 
features  of  these  edifices,  and  some 
other  ancient  buildings  in  the  town, 
form  together  a  very  interesting  col- 
lection. 

Of  the  letter-press  we  need  not  say 
much,  as  we  presume  it  is  chiefly 
derived  fh>m  Mackerell's  History  of 
the  Tbwn,  together  with  extracts  from 
the  ecclesiastical  and  other  records, 
which  seem  to  have  been  largely  pre- 
served.  The  latter  have  not  always 
been  transcribed  with  the  care  that 
we  should  applrove,  and  therefore 
require  some  caution  and  some  ex- 
perience in  the  reader— as,  for  in- 
stance,  the  omission  of  the  contraction 
er  or  or,  owing  to  which  we  have 
corpaxes  for  corporaxes  in  p.  120,  a 
iupaltare  for  superattare  in  p.  122,  and 
manly  for  manerly  in  p.  120.  For  the 
same  reason  we  are  obliged  to  regard 
with  some  suspicion  of  a  misreading  a 
passage  in  p.  118,  relating  that  in 
1438  there  was  some  uneasiness 
among  the  parishioners  of  the  town 
"  upon  account  of  one  Ifo&t€  remaining 
in  ae  south  wall  of  the  cross  aisle  of 
St.  Margaret's  church,  for  a  long  time 
hid  with  stones,"  which  is  understood 
to  refer  to  a  consecrated  wafor  acci- 
dentally concealed. 

Respecting  the  chapel  of  Our  Lady 
oh  the  Mount  (a  structure  very  sin- 
gular in  its  design,  being  octangular 
in  Its  outward  form,  with  an  interior 
and  a  clerestory  in  the  form  of  a 
cross),  we  will  state  Our  opinion  that 
it  did  not  exist  before  a  resolution 
passed  tiie  town  council  on  the  29th 
of  Sept.  1482 :  "  that  Robert  Currance 
shall  have  licence  to  bilde  a  chapell 
upon  the  mount  called  the  Lady  hvlle, 
vrith  seche  grounde  as  shall  be  lenil." 
Is  not  the  mention  of  the  ground  suffi- 
cient proof  that  the  upper  chapel  was 
not  then  built  upon  the  lower,  as  sug- 
ffested  in  p.  113?  The  form  of  the 
head  of  a  doorway,  particularly  in  a 
lower  story,  is  no  criterion  of  age; 
nor  do  we  think  that  the  outer  arch  of 
the  recess  is  of  a  different  age  to  the 
inner*   It  i$  merely  conatructionaU 


1844.] 


RsviKW.— Bbfiw's  Alphubeti,  NumtraU,  ifc. 


tm 


Mr.  Taylor  has  in  Ihii  work  pursued 
a  design  which  we  ihoutd  like  to  ie€ 
more  geoe rally  followed  by  artists 
reaident  in  provincial  towns*  They 
have  It  in  their  power  to  perpetuate 
many  intereidng  but  fast  decaying 
memoriab  of  the  past ;  and  we  can 
conceive  no  more  suitable  occupation 
for  their  leisure,  nor  any  better  cal- 
culated to  haad  down  their  own  names 
wtth  credit  to  posterity.  We  are  happy 
to  aee  that  Mr.  Taylor  proposes  another 
volume,  of  correa'poodent  form,  to  be 
entitled  *'  Village  Rambles  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Lynn/'  and  intended 
to  illustrate  the  ruins  of  Castleacre, 
Castleriaing,  and  the  ecclesiastical 
antiquities  of  the  Hundred  of  Free- 
bridge. 

AlpkAbptt,   Nmneralt,   and  Dwitet   of 

iht  MiddU  Agew,     By  Henry  Shaw. 

F,8.A.     Royut  Sm,    Part§  L  tn  T/. 

IN  every  attempt  towards  the  re- 
storation of  art,  it  may  be  observed 
that  success  has  never  been  attained 
by  mere  imitation,  or  by  designs  in 
the  supposed  spirit  of  ancient  works. 
This  IB  fully  demoastrated  by  the 
wretched  failure  of  the  Strawberry- 
Hill  Gothic,  and  other  like  attempts 
from  that  time  to  ibisi  baaed  only  on 
a  mod  era  notion  or  impression  of  that 
style  of  architecture.  The  like  may 
be  said  of  the  whole  chain  of  historical 
painters,  in  respect  to  their  costume 
and  other  accessories.  They  convey 
to  us  their  own  ideas  on  those  matters, 
and  that  is  all  Whilst  afraid  of  fol- 
lowing their  authorities  too  closely, 
which  they  need  not  be,  designers  are 
ever  ready  to  exhibit  their  own  in* 
vention,  and  to  "  snatch  a  grace" 
which  is  indeed  far  beyond  the  reach 
of  their  art.  But,  to  attain  accuracy 
of  style,  it  has  been  proved  that 
architects  not  only  require  original 
examples,  but  perfect  working  draw-^ 
ings  and  models;  nor  are  these  suffi- 
cient until  a  due  classification  and 
chronological  arrangement  of  examples 
has  settled  the  laws  ander  which  the 
parts  or  features  thus  collected  may 
be  placed  in  juitapo^ttion,  and  enter 
into  the  composition  of  an  integral 
design. 

By  hi  a  previous  works  on  what  may 
be  styled  the  chronology  of  art.  Mr, 
Shaw  has  reodered  important  servicea 


to  the  architect,  the  historical  painter, 
the  decorator*  and  the  manufacturing 
artist.     Id  his  new  undertaking,  which 
we  now  notice,  he  is  about  to  supply 
a  species  of  information  which  was 
previously  not  readily  acceasible,  and 
the  want  of  which  we  have  continually 
had  cause  to  lament  in  instances  where 
the  gaudy  colours  of  a  highly  embla- 
zoned altar-piece,  or  the  iiluminated 
title-  page  of  a  gaily  printed  book,  or  ^ 
the  mimic  black-letter  of  a  longdrawa 
epitaph,  had  doubtless  given  the  great- 
est satisfaction  to  their  respective  de« 
signers,  and  perhaps  also  to  the  inex- 
perienced   multitude  \    we   may   even 
add,  where,  in  stained  glass,  the  pic- 
tured designs  were  most  appropriate 
and  admirable^  but  the  attencJant  in* 
script  ions  poor  and  locongruoui*  There 
is  an  accuracy  and  precision  tn  ancient 
art  which   no  superficial  observer  at  { 
once  detects ;  but  it  is  characteristic, 
and  the  modern  imitation  that  wants  it  { 
must  be  pronoKinced  a  failure.     There  • 
is  also  a  gradatiou«  and  progress  of] 
fashion   in  point  of  time,  which  it  ia  i 
neces«ar>'  to    observe.     How   seldom  i 
does   a   shield  of  arms,  placed  on  ft  ^ 
''Gothic"    monumental    tablet,    har- 
monize with  its  general  style  I     The 
monument  is  Gothic,  but  the  shield  ia 
modern*     How  constantly  is  it  9(uck  | 
o»»  instead  of  inserted  in  the  design  I 
Yet  it  IB  many  years  since  a  chrono-  , 
logical  series  of  shields  was  given  by  { 
Mr*  Repton  in  the  Archseologia ;  and 
the  least  attention  to  ancient  examples 
would  show  that  the  armorial  insignia 
used  to  be  worked  into  tbe  design. 

In  retpect  to  inscriptions,  we  may  i 
now  look  for  great  improvement.   The 
highly  finished   examples  Mr.  ShaW 
gives   from   the    monuments  of  King 
Henry   HI.,   King    Richard   H.,   and  i 
Adam    de   Walsoken,   at    Lynn,    are  I 
enotigh  to  waken  a  sloven  to  diligence* 
From  manuscripts  and  ancient  printed  | 
books    Mr.    Shaw    has    collected 
variety  of  alphabets,  to  each  of  whidl  j 
its  date  is  assigned.    Their  great  value 
lies  in  their  perfect  accuracy  of  repre-  i 
sentation^  in  assistance  of  which  they  j 
have  been  engraved  in  various  stytea  | 
of  art,  and  many  of  them  arc  splendidly 
coloured.     The  book  is  very  beautiful 
in   itself,   and  invaluable   aa   an  au* 
thority. 


ago 


Rbvibw,— Hugo's  HinUfor  Railway  TrnvtUers,         [April. 


Hint$  and  R^tiiota  for  Hmko^ 
Traoellert  and  othert  ;  or  a  Jounuf 
to  The  PAalaitf*    By  Minor  Hugo. 

HUGO  is  like  one  of  the  old  jesters, 
who  conveyed  a  good  deal  of  sense  in 
a  joke.  He  looks  at  oar  social  sys- 
tem— he  tees  it  in  a  state  of  confusion 
— the  rich  afraid  of  the  poor  —  the 
poor  eoTioQs  of  the  rich — land  veraui 
money— all  professions  gorged  with 
multitudes  thronging  to  gather  the 
spoils — trade  reduced  to  iroall  and  an- 
certain  gains — labour  hard,  and  wages 
low — leagues,  political  and  social,  in 
every  quarter,  of  men  banded  together 
to  pull  others  down  and  raise  them* 
•elves  up  I — all  this,  and  more,  Hugo 
sees,  comments  ]on  it,  aa  others  do, 
and  proposes  his  own  remedy,  which 
is  a  certain  improvement  on  the  '•  In- 
dustrial System  of  Fourier,"  a  system 
associative  and  co-operative*  in  which 
the  strength  and  power  of  individuals, 
being  accumulated  and  brought  to  act 
together,  can  perform  much  more  than 
when  in  a  state  of  insulation  and  divi- 
sion. Such  a  system  is  at  work  in 
France,  at  Citeaui,  near  Dijon  (v.  vol. 
)•  p*  92),  as  the  author  says,  success- 
fully ;  and  such  he  recommends  as  the 
only  remedy  for  the  present  disordered 
state  of  the  public  body.  To  collect  the 
grounds  and  workings  of  the  system, 
we  must  ref«r  the  reader  to  the  book 
itself;  and  we  can  only  give  a  few 
extracts  on  various  subjects  as  they 
fall  tinder  consideration,  being  all  of 
them  greater  or  a  mailer  branches  of 
the  one  great  trunk,  the  social  system 
of  the  country,  and  its  manifold  pre- 
sent evils,  and  with  the  mistakes  alike 
of  the  rulers  and  the  ruled. 

'*  Sunday   NawspAPxas.  —  l/ook  in 

the  Sunday  Newspapers — thoie  records  of 
vice — those  pandereri  to  the  crimes,  the 
luitSr  and  every  evil  p anion  of  the  age — 
those  sure  and  faithful  pilots  to  the  re- 
gions of  undying  rrmorse^those  teachers 
whose  instrQctions  will  appear  in  eharsc- 
ters  of  everlasting  ftatne  upon  the  hearts 
of  their  pupils  when  time  itself  shaU  be 
no  more," 

**  SaavAKT-oiats.^The  very  girl  who 
hlaoks  TOUT  grate  and  deans  yonr  hall- 
floor,  who  rises  early  day  after  day^  and 
late  takes  rest,  in  sickness  and  in  health, 
and  all  for  the  sake  of  her  employer, 
would,  if  fortune  were  to  smile  upon  her, 
f»d  ihfl  were  suddenly  to  be  poBiessed  of 


great  wealth,  in  all  pr&bability  tee  ^on^  m 
ike  eowm  qfone  tktrt  weei^  kneeimg  at 
her  feeif   a  suitor  for    ker  hand   and 

heari,*' 

"  Pdbhc  Schools. — I  once  knew  a 
boy,  whose  parents  were  people  of  high 
study  and  religious  sentimentSt  who  was 
found  in  his  father's  garden  staoding  be- 
fore a  mound  of  turf  he  had  nused,  on  which 
was  a  fire,  in  which  the  lad  wis  doing 
his  best  to  bum  m  mottte  be  had  got  poa- 
session  of;  and  on  t>eing  asked,  what  in 
the  name  of  everything  comical  he  was 
doingt  he,  in  the  most  unsophisticated 
manner  possible,  answered  that,  *'  he  was 
offering  up  a  sacrifice  to  the  goddess  Mi- 
nerva." Now  the  boy  had  a  strong  ten- 
dency to  reUgion,  he  thought  he  was  act- 
ing most  righteously  I  and  he  was  as- 
tonished to  find  that  he  was  not  to  prac- 
tise what  he  was  taught  (in  the  classical 
BUthori),*' 

*'  Ditto. — I  firmly  believe,  that  in 
these  unhappy  regions,  where  endless  woe 
and  mificry  eternally  exist,  thousands  upon 
thousands  will  hereafter  be  found  who 
trace  their  wretchedness  to  the  date  of 
their  beinia:  sent  to  school.  *  •  *  If 
a  record  could  be  kept  of  the  words, 
thoughts,  and  actions  oi  the  teachers  and 
the  taught  of  all  our  public  eemiuarie^ 
and  universities  for  one  tinifle  day  onty^  I 
believe  a  volume  of  crime,  of  horror,  and 
of  depravity,  would  be  unfolded  to  our 
view,  to  which  the  world  has  seen  no  pa- 
rallel, and  a  state  of  mutual  degradation 
divulged,  compared  to  which  that  of  a 
savage  would  be  purity  itself  J ' 

*' Empty  Churches. — In  the  metro- 
polis it  is  the  fashion  for  the  rector,  or 
the  principal  lecturer,  to  preach  in  the 
morning  and  eveningt  and  he  attracts  the 
congregation ;  in  the  aftemooo,  the  cu' 
rate  or  the  sab-lecturer  takes  the  duty, 
and  who  goes  to  hear  him  ?  It  would  not 
answer  to  have  a  very  talented  or  parti- 
cularly shining  preacher  in  the  afternoon, 
for  who  would  then  go  to  hear  the  prin- 
cipal ?* 

**  Public  Companies^ — ^Take  the  le- 
gifilative  enactments  for  the  last  ten  years, 
and  I  do  not  henitate  to  say,  that  railway 
companies,  banking  companies,  insurance 
ditto,  and  private  capitaliets,  have  done 
more  to  benefit  the  country,  at  a  time  of 
almost    unexampled    distress,   than   the 

♦  We  doubt  this  being  generally  the 
fact.  The  reason  of  the  City  churches 
being  tittle  frequented  arises  simply 
from  an  alteration  in  the  habits  of  the 
inhabitants,  who  have  either  small  coun- 
try-bouses as  tradesmen,  or  houses  at  th^ 
W§8t*esd  at  merchantfli-oEsr, 


4 


4 


1844,]         Review. — Hago*8  Hints  for  Railteay  TraveUers, 

lirhole  of  tlid  legislntiTe  body  and  its  pan- 
derons  machinery  united  ;  and,  if  the  le- 
gislaturti  ciu  not  open  their  eyes  in  time, 
antl  to  some  pnqiose,  I  can  tell  them  that, 
i  the  course  of  one  quarter  of  a  century 

lliftice,  the  railway  companies,  and  joint 

I  tttock  GompanieSi  will  govern  the  gotem  - 

Imtnl  of  this  empire  :  and  it  behoves  our 

I  rulers  to    be  wise   in    time,   and   eecure 

Itbeir  infloence  and  prerogative  while  yet 

>  there  u  time.*' 

*  Trade. — According  to  the  present 

I  lystem  of  society,  yoa  cannot  gain  a  tin' 

(fie   shilling  without  ahstraciing  juat  ao 

[  much  from  the  pocket  of  your  neigh bouj-, 
and  for  that,  niae  tinoes  out  of  ten,  he 

I  never  receives  one  half  of  the  value  of  that 

k  shilling  aa  an  equivalent.     The  maxim  of 

[  erery  oae  Is,  from  tJie  Premier  to  the  re- 

^ttiler  of  fartliing  rash-lights — buy  at  the 
cheapest  and  sell  at  the  dearest  markets 
you  can  ;  or,  in  plain  Eoglish,  cheat  and 
oveiT^ck  your  neighbour  in  every  trana- 

laetioii  If  f&r  as  your  wits  will  enable  you  ; 

[l»ut  take  every  possible  precaution ^  that 
lie,  the  neighbour  aforesaid ^  doea  not  re- 
pay you  in  your  own  coiu.     And  this  is 

I  •  true  and  faithful  epitome  of  the  rules  of 
A    society    of   rational    and    responsible 

^  beings,  professing  christians,  who   hope 

[  for  b&ppincsB  here  and  glory  in  the  world 
to  come/* 

*'  Clergy.  —  *  Do  unto  ot^iers,*  &c. 
•  Love  thy  neighbour  as  thyself,*  &o,' — 1 
doubt  if  any  clergyman  would  endure 
being  told  that  he  did  not  act  up  to  the 
precepts  He  advocated  ;  and  I  am  sure 
tbat  hifl  own  experience  must  tell  him  that 
be  was  perfectly  aware  the  thiDg  was  im- 
possible under  the  existing  system  of  so- 
ciety. If  yott  were  willing  indeed  to  ful- 
fil this  precept  to  the  letter,  people  would 
take  you  for  an  insane  person,  and  if  you 
were  in  trade  you  wonld  soon  be  ruined, 

"  Pauper  Education — Mischievous 
in  a  high  degree,  unless  followed  up  by 
some  ample  provision  i  giving  them  ideas 
and  withes  you  know  can  never  be  rcalijeed, 
like  showing  a  child  some  dainty,  offering 
it,  and  then  eating  it  yourself/* 

**  Crossing  the  Atlantic.  —  Mr, 
Etzler  conceives  it  will  ere  long  be  prac- 
ticable to  cross  the  Atlatitic  Ocean  from 
Holyhead  to  New  York  in  three  dayt,  or 
fffur  at  ihtfarihtit.  Recent  discoveries 
on  liie  nature  of  the  tides  and  winds, 
which  have  been  the  resttlts  of  experi- 
ments made  at  Plymouth,  have  tended 
certainly  to  confirm  Mr.  Et«ler*«  doc- 
trine.** 

"  FaiK  TuADi.  —  You  who  are  now 
6ghtinf  for  free  trade  are  in  the  aitnAtioa 
of  a  man  who  attacks  his  own  shadow ; 
and  before  that  shadow  falls,  if  yoti  go  on 
with  your  scnseleta  boxing,  you  must  fall 


3dl 


yourself;  and  then,  true  euoiagh,  ycm 
are  both  down  together,  and  I  calculate 
you  will  be  the  suflerers,  audi  Hud  the 
bertb  you  have  chosen  hard  enough  and 
cold  enoQgh  to  your  bearts*  content.  The 
same  applies  to  your  Anti-Corn  Laws 
agitation:  destroy  the  Corn  Laws*  and 
you  break  yonr  own  shins  moflt  effectoallyi 
and  ten  to  one  but  yom  knock  the  legs 
from  imder  your  body»** 

**  Solo  IE  as, — ^Will  you  be  pleased  to 
state  your  objection  to  the  employment 
of  our  home  troops  in  divisions  on  go- 
vernment works,  taking  up  the  spade  and 
pickaxe  instead  of  the  musket  and  sabre, 
six  months*  duty  being  allotted  to  each 
division  alternately ;  and  whetheri  if  all 
our  soldiers  worked  in  this  manner  in. 
alternate  squads,  brigades,  ^c*  would  our 
men  be  Ie«s  fit  for  fighting,  if  fighting 
were  indispensable  ?  Would  they  be  less 
disciplined  than  if  half  their  time  were 
passed  in  heer-houseSp  Mid  lounging 
about  the  streets  of  our  towns?'* 

*♦  Tutors  and  Young  Ladies.— 
The  young  lady  takes  to  botany,  and  every 
tutor  is  instinctively  a  botanist.  Botany 
leads  to  poetry — poetry  to  albtuns — al- 
bums to  little  pink  notes  — and  little  notes 
to  the  upsetting  of  every  thing.  For 
these  tribes,  Like  detonating  powder,  not 
only  go  off  themselves,  but  make  every 
thing  else  gQ  o^.— The  tutor  ^o«  off 
nobody  knows  where ;  the  young  lady 
go€t  off  to  her  room  drowned  in  tears  ; 
the  mother  goet  off  in  all  kinds  of  hys- 
terica ;  and  the  father  jroe«  off  to  his  study, 
consign iog  all  tutors  to  everlasting  perdi- 
tion \  the  brother  gotM  off  to  the  stables 
and  mounts  his  pony  for  a  ride  ^  and  se< 
veral  servants  go  off  for  not  telling  tales  : 
and  such  are  the  goingt  off  of  a  private 
tutor,  produced  by  his  golngt  on. 

'*  Trade, — Fair  trading  is  at  an  end. 
The  trader  will  openly  tell  you  It  is  the 
sure  road  to  ruin.  He  scruples  not  to 
confess  the  fact  ;  and  if  he  be  conscien- 
tious enough  to  attempt  such  a  course 
every  band  is  raised  to  crush  him  ;  every 
foot  to  trample  bim  in  the  dust.  Oh  t 
that  fellow*!  too  honest  to  thrive,  says 
one  i  let  bim  try  it,  that  *s  all,  is  the 
advice  of  another ;  and  the  honul  man 
finds  there  ii  no  place  in  society  for  him ; 
be  bowi  hii  bead  to  her  decreet,  and 
meekly  struggles  on*  At  every  turn  man 
jostles  with  his  fellow,  and  the  prevailing 
expression  of  every  countenance  which 
pervades  the  features  of  each  is  one  of 
contempt,  ridictile,  fuipioloft,  or  indif- 
ference. 

*'  Tbeatrks*  —  This  nlacne-spot  of 
society — the  licensed  school  of cvrry  toaili- 
some  vice — of  blaspbejuyand  (;cirruption-^ 
where  iniquity  is  held  up  as  a  pattern 


999 


RiTiKW.— Sterling's  Strafford. 


I 


[April, 


I  Ar  fmitatioa  ;  wlitre  ▼Ukitit,  tiuerea,  uid 
ia«tikrers  iu%  eztoll«d  ji«  heroes  i  wbere 
Fibftoeiittj  Ktid  indeceacf  are  AppUuded 
lit  markf  of  taWnt  mod  wit  t  How  maof 
»  tiiere  livinf  UBOBf  m  who  luiTe  retton 
f  evM  th*  ds7  on  wUeh  thev  w«re  firitt 
1  til  enter  tfaii  liouse  of  S mtmn — this 

^Rxirr  ov  Lakd. — An  aere  of  land, 
a  raitway  hotel  huUt  tbrrMMi,  will 
r  a  rent  of  i|OOOI.  a^year  i  and  one 
room  only  (a  Tefreahment  room)  will  l«t 
for  1,900/.  t  yet  ilont,  on  Ibe  firit  eitab* 
Uvhment  of  r«Uwaya,  hii  f«atw«d  Co 
pmdiflt  tiieb  loiaitjei  of  nwwmM  M  IIwm, 
would  he  not  have  been  lodc«d  on  at  a 
m«ra  iruionary  dreaaaar  ?** 

*'  Pbmale  La  ion*  —  Meiara,  SilT«r 
■B^  Co*  who  hava  carried  on  a  targe  buii- 
nMi  in  tkli  trade  daring  the  tait  half  ceo- 
tVf  (the  shirt. makini^  trade),  stated,  that 
fa  the  year  1794  they  pud  for  mak- 
i9g  a  fuU-froQted  shirt  from  'it,  4d.  to 
$f«  ^d, ;  they  now  pay  for  cotton  shirti 
fcnypence  t^^doz0n  f  /—Mr.  DaTiea^  of  Step> 
ney :  On  an  aTerage,  women  cannot  earn 
more  tlian  Se.  6d.  to  3«.  and  4«.  p«r 
week  i  and  to  do  thii  tliey  most  work  very 
dose.  Harriet  RutbweLl,  a  widow  with  a 
diild  dependent  npoii  ber  for  suppart^  u 
now  paid  %d.  enoh  for  making  ahiita.  She 
was  to  have  reod?ed  U.  Stf,  from  a  lady 
fof  euii  lUfl;  but  a  linendraper  had 
IflMd  t»  gat  thmu  made  for  (kf .  each/' 

•«  EnoOATiQir.— Tell  na'oot  thii  by 
education  you  can  so  iiayfiPi  tha  vEads 
of  the  people  thst  tbey  wiU  hntn  tlie  fin 
sAo/».  HeoMnber  tbo  remarkable  words 
of  the  greatest  geoeralf  one  of  the  most 
•aUghtenad  rtalenaaa  of  thiaor  any  other 
Mi  lU  D«k«  of  Wdliutaii^-who»  in 
■llaiion  to  tha  ti^fMt  of  edncation  in 
Iiidia«  nid«  *  fUtt  otre  what  use  yon 
Dwka  of  odaeitio* «  if  you  can  provide 
for  the  incressing  wants  of  a  hii^hly  edn. 
cated  and  enlightened  race,  well  t  6ttt  if 
noi^  yoH  Aft  only  making  to  many  cietftr 
deinit  P  A  truer  aaotenoe  was  never  at<* 
tand  by  aoy  human  berog,  or  ooe  mora 
■ailad  to  the  present  condition  of  £ng- 
Iiad*  or  any  oiher  country.  ** 

Thus  far  we  havr  accompanied  our 
traveller  in  his  railway  journey  j  and 
the  rest  of  his  wo^  bill  we  must  leave 
to  others  to  decipher.  The  motto  of 
hia  work  is  really  this,  "  Combination 
it  belter  than  insulation."  Not  only 
pull  :!!rongly»  but  pull  toytih^r,  A 
society  can  undertake  that  with  profit 
which  would  entftil  loss  on  indivi- 
duals. How  tliis  theory  is  to  be  put 
la  practice  his  work  i«  intended  to 
show. 


Strafford;  a  Tnagtdy,    By  John  SUr- 
ling. 
THE  subject  of  this  tragedy  being 
laid  in  times  comparatively  modern^ 
no  deviation  from  historical  truth  in 
the  main  facts  can  be  admitted ;  and  of 
course,  from  the  same  cause,  all  super- 
abundant agency,  so  willingly  called 
in  by  the  tragic  muse,  to  assist  her  in 
the   dominion    she   exercise*   oo    the 
passions,  is  also  excluded.  The  success 
of  the  piece  must  therefore  rest  oo  a 
welt-arranged  plot,  in  which  the  suc- 
cession of  events  should  at  once  be 
natural  and  yet  surprising,  and  by  the 
characters  of  the  drama  being  drawn 
by  aiirm  and  decisive  pcocfl.     Such  is 
the  historical  drama,  aa  distmguished 
from  the  poetical  or  imaginative  i   and 
to  this  class  the  present  production  be> 
longs.     Mr,  Sterling  has  chosen  a  pe- 
riod of  great  events,  perhaps  unequalled 
in  English  history,  both  for  the  im- 
portance of  the  subject  in  debate,  the 
abilities  of  the  conflicting  parties,  the 
anxious  prolongation  of  the  struggle, 
and  the  unavoidable  and  fatal  term  in  a* 
tioD.      Lord   Strafford    is  one  o(  the 
most  dramatic  characters  in  our  hiiitory. 
He  poaaeased  many  of  those  qualities 
which  form  the  hero;  which  at  once 
captivate   our   imagination   and   inte- 
rest  our  feelings.      His  greatness  of 
character  remained  to   the  last ;    his 
own  rashness   brought  him   into  the 
toil*,  and  the  unrelenting  ferocity  of 
bis  enemies  was  only  satisfied  by  hia 
death.  There  were  also  great  men  oo  the 
other  side  ;  patriots  of  noble  mould  and 
high  ambition  ;  of  masculine  eloquence 
in    debate   and   unblemished  and    ro- 
mantic courage  in  the  fleUl — and  there 
werv*  fanatics  too  of  all  grades,  and 
men  half  crazy  with  political  visions, 
and  religious  zeal ;  of  such  great  variety 
and  admixture  of  character  was  the 
picture  of  social  and  private  life  com- 
posed,  and    such    therefore   are   the 
plentiful  material  on  which  the  dra- 
matist may  draw.     And  yet,  on  further 
view,  we  should  perceive  that  some 
disadvantage  would  arise  from  the  fact 
that   it   would   be   difficult  to   make 
much  addition  to  the  impression  which 
the  real  personages  of  history  have,  as 
it  were,  stamped  on  our  recollection, 
without  Incurring  the  danger  of  a  false 
and  exaggerated  feeling.     The  history 
of  these  times  is  almost  poetic;   the 
real  penoot  are  ^uite  dramatic  cha- 


I 


18440 


Review.— rAe  BnptisUry, 


S93 


racters ;  and,  If  the  additional  toucli 
which  the  moJern  poet  makea  to  the 
oriffinftl  portrait  be  oot  altogether  true, 
anH  in  peifect  barmony  with  the  whale, 
then  U  he  at  once  weakening  our  im- 
pression, imposing  on  con6dence«  and 
leaving  the  impressive  trulh  of  history 
for  the  weaker  fabrications  of  fiction, 
\n  mony  respects  we  think  the  present 
author  has  not  fallen  ahort  of  the  point 
he  aimed  at,  viz^  that  of  producing  a 
drama  interesting  and  elTecuve  :  and 
the  chief  defect  is,  that  too  much  is  said 
and  too  little  done .  The  plot  moves  on 
slowly  and  heavily,  and  is  not  relieved 
by  any  turna  or  changes  of  fortune, 
for  that  of  the  supposed  safety  ofStraf* 
ford  in  the  iifth  Act  is  not  sufficient. 
We  aUo  object  to  the  murder  of  the 
page  \n  the  fourth  Act,  which  evidently 
takes  place  for  the  sake  of  the  effect  to 
be  afterwards  produced  by  the  blood 
on  the  tables  an  incident  not  fit  aEl  iu 
harmony  with  the  tone  of  feeling  per- 
vading the  rest  of  the  drama.  The 
most  difficult  part  of  the  whole,  and 
that  which  would  call  forth  the  utmost 
energy  of  the  author  to  make  it  effect* 
ive,  is  undoubtedly  the  scene  between 
the  King  and  Strafford,  in  the  fifth  Act. 
The  part  of  Lady  Carlisle  in  her  inter- 
view with  Charles  should  w^e  think  be 
revised  and  much  altered.  We  give 
one  extract  from  the  third  Act,  where 
Strafford  m  conamitted  to  the  Tower  : 

»•  Alone,  Ant!  in  the  Tow<?r !  h  it  »  dream? 
And  can  this  mijfbty  bulk  of  couotless  beloff 
CIi4nf  e  In  its  aspect  like  a  tmnkUnf  mote, 
Thnt  gfUnces  utid  i*  iron*  7  or  ts  It  not 
That  the  jfrett  All  around*  shone  thro*  by  Oed, 
Ami  arched  more  firmly  thau  with  blocks  of 

bra«fli, 
lly  biH  vriise  will  abides  unchingeftbte 
In  reason'*  flt'cl  eternity  of  j^rood? 
While  i?e  vain  accidents  of  the  pure  e«sence, 
Yqqt  prostrate  man,  falJs  on  the  soil  of  time, 
Wbosie  bfp  is  but  the  le«vin|^«  of  a  feast 
Enjoyed  for  ever  In  unfadioj^  halls 
By  star^crowned  spirits— yet  why  crowned? 

They  need  not 
TIm!  jtbtter  furbished  on  oor  cheap  oatent ; 
But  we.  the  dust  Iwneatb  their  chariot  whecb. 
Amidrylcavea  blown  tram  their  unwitlieriHi 

jjanlens, 
Whirl  and  are  wasted  into  nothiofneaSp 
And  all  that  seems  to  wane  and  wax  around  tis 
With  ceaseless  iteration,  is  the  mist 
Blown  in  one  storm  of  Heaven^derided  f^ncy 
If  so,  then  welcome  here  the  end  of  all, 
And  wear>^  Went  worth  biy  thee  dtwti  And  die. 
Yet,  if  all  be  but  vision  and  deceit, 
dtralTord  among  the  fli^nres  of  the  show 
Must  pas*  away  no  meaner  tljin  he  came. 
Geht.  Mao,  Vol,  XXl. 


An  hour  a^ne  I  was  the  foremost  man 

Of  all  this  latuh  ftud  now  perhaps  uo  hegjf^ar 

In  a  fre«  ditch  would  change  his  lot  with  Straf* 

ford, 
Nor  he  with  any  liviiij  souU  poisesaiog 
illmselif,  when  all  they  tbou|fht  was  he  ij  ltei:l. 
Yet  startling:  is,  the  thing,  and  l  conld  Uugh 
To  know  this  is  the  Tower*  and  I  am  here,"  &c. 


TWe  Baptistery,  or  the  Way  of  Eternal 

Life.  By  the  Author  of  The  Cathedral, 

Fart.  IT. 

THE  Baptistery  was  so  beautiful  a 
poem,  or  rather  collection  of  poemB, 
all  connected  with  and  foiming  part 
of  one  great  subject, — ^that  it  was 
with  no  slight  pleasure  we  opened  the 
present  volume, which  isjustpuhliiihed^ 
and  forms  the  conclusion  of  the  whole 
work.  It  ia  quite  equal  to  its  pre- 
decessor. It  poesesses  the  same  high 
tone  of  religious  feeling,  the  same 
power  of  awakening  grave  and  sad, 
and  yet  sweet  and  soothii^g,  thoughts 
in  thL*  mind  of  the  reader, — the  same 
true  poetical  epirit^ — in  one  word,  it  is 
the  very*  egseoce  of  poetry.  In  read- 
ing the^e  holy  fitrains,  we  forget  for 
the  tinoeour earthly  abode, our  thoughts 
are  borne  away  into  the  uoseen  world, 
wc  seem  to  pierce  through  that  veil 
which  separates  mortality  from  im- 
mortality, we  feel  that  this  earth  ia 
but  our  resting-place,  and  that  Heaven 
is  our  home. 

Where  excellence  abounds,  it  is 
difficult  perhaps  to  make  a  selection, 
but,  among  the  poema  which  compose 
this  volume,  that  one  entitled  ''The 
Voices  of  the  Dead,"  and  the  one  im* 
mediately  succeeding  it,  called  "The 
Music  of  the  City  of  God/' strike  us 
as  particularly  beautiful.  In  order  to 
enable  our  readers  to  judge  for  them- 
selves, w^e  will  extract  some  passages 
from  each,  and  we  arc  sure  that  after 
perusing  them  our  praise  will  not 
appear  misplaced  or  exaggerated* 

The  following  eattract  is  from  "The 
Voices  of  the  Dead/' 
"  The  Churchyard  ,***tis  the  spot  of  ifroaiul 
Which  lies  the  two  icmt  worlds  betweeiit 

The  livinir  and  the  dead  i 
The  living  by  the  graves  are  seen, 
The  dead  in  foneral  fetters  woatid. 
Their  bodies  in  the  windiog'-sheet, 
Their  soals  among  the  spirits  led. 
Til  here  the  dead  and  liv^lng  meet. 
It  is  au  awful  spot,— to  stand 
^Hth  either  world  on  either  band. 
What  coantless  paths  do  hittier  end, 
FuU  of  heart'breakiaff  histories, 
3  E 


4 

n 
4 


4 

4 


394 


Reyiew.— -Butler's  Remarks  on  Wayside  Chapels,        [Aprils 


With  all  the  sorrows  that  attend 
The  snnderini^  of  a  thousand  ties ! 
The  sorrows  that  snnrived  the  dead 
Soon  in  the  grave  beside  him  laid  ;— 
And  sorrows  of  his  dying  bed, 
Here  wrapt  alike  in  death's  calm  shade. 
What  coantless  paths  do  here  begin 
Tb  pass  the  eternal  place  within  I 
What  spirits  here  beyond  the  veil, 
The  disembodied  sonl  have  met ! 
O  what  are  thoughts  which  are  with  thee, 
Who  hast  escaped  from  the  net, 
Which  round  thy  path  the  fowler  set. 
Who  hast  broke  forth,— for  ever  free  ! 
It  is  an  awf\il  thing  to  stand 
With  either  world  on  either  hand, 
Upon  the  intermediate  ground. 
Which  doth  the  sense  and  spirit  bound. 
Woe  worth  the  roan  who  doth  not  fear. 
When  spirits  of  the  dead  are  near. 
We  send  our  thoughts  with  them  to  dwell. 
But  still  the  wall  impassable 
Bars  us  around  with  sensual  bond ; 
In  vain  we  dive  for  that  beyond ; 
Yet  traverse  o*er  and  o'er  the  bound, 
Walking  in  the  unseen  profound, 
Like  flies,  which  fain  would  break  away 
Into  the  expanse  of  open  day, 
They  know  not  why,  are  travelling  still 
On  the  glass  fence  invisible  ; 
So  dwell  our  thoughts  with  the  unseen, 
Tet  cannot  pass  the  bourn  between. 
My  spirit  doth  within  me  sink, 
When  thus  I  stand  upon  the  brink. 
And  labour  with  them  to  converse. 
Hid  in  the  boundless  universe. 
O  'tis  a  fearful  thing  to  be 
Within  your  silent  company  I 
This  outer  world  doth  seem  to  fail. 
And  stoutest  heart  turns  pale ; 
Your  very  stillness  seems  to  din, 
And  wake  a  deeper  noise  within."    P.  79. 

Our  second  extract  shall  be  from  the 
poem  entitled  "The  Music  of  the  City 
of  God." 

**  Harp  of  the  heart,  sweet  poesy. 
In  secret  spirit  lying, 
Something  within,  whate'er  thou  art. 
Which  hope!*  and  memories  bringest  nigh, 

And  in  our  inmost  being  hast  a  part,— 
Still  to  some  unseen  hand,  or  gales  of  heaven 
replying,  [grieve 

Whetlier  by  tuneful  sounds  afar  that  seem  to 

On  some  autumnal  quiet  eve ; 
Or,  tourhM  by  some  electric  chain  within, 
Yoor  magic  chonls  awaken  and  begin ; 

Bnt  not  with  them  to  end. 
Till  with  wild  harmonies  our  l>einr  blend. 
Hail,  soun<lH  which  the  deep  spirit  move. 
Until  the  present  sterns  as  nought 
In  the  realities  of  sterner  thonsrht ; 
Around  us  come  the  dead  and  dying. 
And  all  the  silent  heart  with  pensive  scenes  is 
sighing. 

"Ye  distant  strains  that  All  the  thoughtless 

street. 
Upon  a  sammer  ereniiif  sad  and  iweet ; 


Where  some  wild  songstreii  channts   bar 
descant  lone, 
Or  wilder  music  wakes  the  tuneful  bell. 
While    loitering    groups    are    gathering,  or 

pass  on. 
How  little  do  ye  know  with  what  a  gale  it  lUla 
Upon  some  solitary's  cell, 
And  all  the  past  recalls. 
While  dearest  friends  that  now  are  gone 

Do  seem  to  live  again. 
Hid  in  deep  worlds  that  are  in  yon  sad  strain ; 
Then  all  within  in  sadness  dwells. 
And  memory  there  unseen  her  story  tells ; 
Till  he  who  seem'd  an  nnblench'd  eye  to  bear 
On  the  sad  tokens  of  life's  waning  year. 

And  all  things  passing  by,— • 
His  heart  is  heaving  with  a  sigh. 

His  eye-lid  hath  a  tear. 
Lo,  all  around  your  vision  now  is  stealing. 
Where'er  we  turn  their  dim-veiled  forms  re- 
vealing; 
With  thoughts  of  those  once  loved  and  near. 
Whose  early  years  with  ours  were  blended^ 
Whose  memories  have,  with  all  things  dear. 
Deep  in  the  heart  descended  ;— 

«  «  •  « 

"  Now  they  are  gone,  but  we  remain. 
Our  love  for  them  is  mixed  with  pain ; 

Our  wonted  haunts  know  them  no  more ; 

But  they  are  on  the  unseen  shore ; 
And  draw  us  after  them,  as  with  a  silent  chain ; 

Thus  all  we  loved  make  wings,  and  leaTe  us 
to  deplore. 

**  They  make  them  wings  and  fly  away. 
And  fUrer  still  they  seem  aa  we  behold  them 
flying ;  [stream. 

Like  that  bright  bird,  that,  glancing  on  the 
His  fairest  plumes  in  parting  doth  display. 
Or  when  on  woodland  hills  the  autnmnal 
gleam 
Is  calmly  lying; 
And,  while  in  golden  stillness  it  reposes, 

Tlie  autumnal  gale  is  sighing. 
And  'tween  the  withering  l>oughs  some  ancient 

tower  discloses ; 
While  on  ourselves  we  feel  that,  year  by  year. 

The  autumnal  hand  is  stealing, 
And  through  the  alter'd  brow,  tum'd  pale  and 
sere,  [vealing  j 

The  autumn  of  our  age  its  aspect  stern  r«. 
When  evening  shades  their  solemn  gloom  are 
flinging 
O'er  valleys  once  so  bright  and  (air. 
And  stilly  seen  upon  the  bilent  air. 
Some  bird  his  homeward  way  to  woodland 
heights  is  winging."— p.  97. 


Remarks  on  Wayside  Chapels,  with  o&- 
servations  on  the  Architecture  and 
Present  State  of  the  Chantry  om 
Walcpfield  Bridge,  By  John  Cheaeell 
Buckler  and  Chas.  Buckler,  Areki* 
tects.     8ro.  pp.  63. 

THE  piety  of  our  forefathers,  while  it 
produced  the  cathedral  and  the  abbey, 
did  not  eipend  itaelf  on  thtte^  the  mon 


I 


1844*1         Hevikw* — ^Butlcr^s  Remarks  on  Waynde  Chapels. 

magrtificent  roemoriala  of  their  fmih ; 
it  lined  the  bigbwaya  with  humbler 
temples,  and  placed  them  at  tbe  en- 
trances of  towna,  raised  over  gates,  and 
attaciied  to  the  piers  of  bridges.  These 
structures  have  for  the  most  part  pe- 
riahed  with  the  loss  of  their  revenues  ; 
tbe  wayside  chapel,  in  common  with 
tbe  abbey,  is  now  only  known  by  ita 
rijtos.  The  preseat  state  of  the  build- 
ings, where  any  remains  are  left,  is 
pictureaqucly  described  by  the  authors* 
"The  walls  are  roofless  autl  brokeo^  the 
cracks  and  chasms  serving  to  channel 
away  tbe  water  from  tbe  moss-grown 
summit.  The  interior,  which  could 
once  afford  rest  to  the  weary  and  a 
pittance  to  tbe  distressed,  is  now  too 
desolate  to  be  sought  as  a  shelter  by 
cattle  :  no  marvel  then  that  travellers  ia 
later  days  have  neglected  to  turn  a 
few  paces  out  of  the  way  to  visit  these 
ancient  relics  j  they  would  find  thenti 
not  Altogether  uninteretiting,  but  over- 
grown with  briars,  and  half  filled  up 
with  heaps  of  old  rubbish.  The  ruins 
of  a  viliage  cbnrch,  environed  by  the 
graves  and  monuments  of  mortality, 
present  a  less  dreary  aspect  than  these 
forlorn  structures." 

Tbe  more  immediate  subjects  of  tbe 
work  are  those  wayside  chaprls  at- 
tached to  bridges,  many  of  which  have 
reached  our  days,  and  which  in  general 
possess  very  pleasing  features.  The 
practice  of  erecting  such  chapels  was 
universal,  and  they  remain  among  the 
most  striking  evidences  of  the  by>gone 
ages  of  faith.  **  Entering  Stia,  a  small 
town  among  the  Apennines/'  writes 
the  author  of  Moret  Caiholici,  '*  1  &aw 
a  little  chapel  on  the  end  of  the  bridge, 
on  which  was  an  inscription  to  tbia 
cflFect : — '  Here  is  the  bridge  to  enter 
Stia,  and  here  is  the  chapel  of  our 
Bieased  Lady ;  may  it  prove  to  us  a 
bridge  to  heaven  !* " 

The  well-known  chapd  oq  Wake- 
field bridge,  Vorkshire,  owes  its  pre- 
servation in  part  to  its  possessing  a 
romantic  interest  from  its  presumed 
connexion  with  the  barbarous  murder 
of  the  youthful  son  of  the  duke  of  York 
by  the  Lord  Clifford]  the  architecture, 
however,  bespeaks  a  period  antecedent 
to  the  wars  of  the  Hoses,  and,  inde- 
pendent of  any  historical  interest, 
it  is  one  of  those  precious  gems  of 
art  which  calls  for  attention  by  the 
exceUeace   of  its  decoratioo.     "  To 


395 


gain  possesaion  of  the  building,  for 
the  aake  of  recovering  it  to  Church 
services,  has  long  been  a  favourite 
object  with  the  Rev*  Samuel  Sharpe, 
vicar  of  Wakefield,  and  the  suc- 
cessful result  of  his  exertions  has 
been  tbe  means  of  placing  the  re- 
storation under  the  superintendence 
of  tbe  Yorkshire  Architectural  So- 
ciety." The  authors  of  the  pre^ient 
essay  produced  a  series  of  accu- 
rate drawings  for  the  restoratioa 
of  the  chapel,  and  the  work  be- 
fore us  arose  out  of  the  observations 
which  they  deemed  it  necessary  to 
make  for  the  elucidation  of  their  de- 
signs. On  the  authority  of  the  archi- 
tecture, the  age  of  the  building  is 
ascribed  to  the  beginning  of  tbe  four* 
teenth  century^  in  the  reign  of  King 
Edward  IL  ;  the  authors  support  their 
opinion  by  the  following  judicious  re- 
marks. 

**The  curvilinear  forms  throughout  the 
detail  of  the  chapel  would  alone  afford 
decisive  evidence  of  its  age.  All  tlie  per- 
pendicular shafts  stop  St  the  i^pringmg 
line  of  tbe  arches  and  tracery,  and  thence 
im mediately  curve  off  to  form  the  diflTerent 
patterns.  This  particular  constituted 
one  of  the  chief  characteri sties  of  the  most 
magnificent  of  all  the  styles  of  pointed 
architecture,  and  led  to  the  prod uc lion  of 
many  glorious  designs,  ia  which  wonder- 
ful taste,  ingenuity,  and  skill  were  ex* 
hibited  on  vrindows  and  other  oruainent^t 
features*  The  style  her©  spoken  of  cam- 
meneed  in  the  reign  of  King  Edward  L 
and  was  superseded  in  that  of  King  Ed- 
ward IlL  by  whose  powerful  patronage 
William  of  Wykehara,  bishop  of  Win- 
chester, was  enabled  fully  to  exercise  bia 
genius  as  an  architect,  and  in  whose 
works,  which  were  dbtingubhed  by  atatell- 
ness  of  character  and  magnificent  pro^ 
portions,  the  curvilinear  form,  as  a 
leading  character,  was  abandoned  for  the 
straight  or  rectiUuear,  extending  un- 
interruptedly into  the  arches,  and  sepa- 
rating thetn  into  spaces,  within  each  of 
which  a  pattern  was  formed,  the  whole 
beautifully  arranged  and  connected,  and 
made  to  compose  a  fymroctrical  design.'* 
P.  33. 

The  minute  examinatioo  of  tbe 
building  which  the  authors  have  frooi 
time  to  time  made,  led  them  to  the 
conclusion  that  at  some  period  far 
beyond  memory  a  general  restoratioa 
of  the  exterior  of  the  chapel  had  been 
undertakeo ;  tbe  parts  tbeu  restored 
were  of  coarse  workmaadbip  and  in 


396 


Review.— Butler's  Remarks  on  Wayside  Chapels.        [April, 


feeble  imitation  of  those  features  which 
had  fallen  down  ;  still  it  is  pleasing  to 
bear  that  up  to  1 800,  when  the  last 
repair  of  the  structure  took  place, 
great  pains  had  been  taken  to  pre- 
serve the  building,  and  that  in  con- 
sequence sufficient  remained  to  enable 
the  authors  to  perfect  their  very  elabo- 
rafe  drawings  for  the  restoration  of 
the  structure.  There  is  a  striking 
peculiarity  in  the  form  and  tracery  of 
the  windows,  and  in  one  of  the  wood 
engraTings  is  given  designs  for  the 
restoration  of  the  beautiful  flowing 
lines  of  one  of  the  side  windows, 
the  whole  of  which  is  a  new  design, 
although  carefully  formed  in  accord- 
ance with  the  decorative  features  of 
the  building,  and  very  creditable  it  is 
to  the  genius  of  the  Messrs.  Buckler. 

The  beauty  of  the  chapel  is  not  con- 
fined to  the  architecture  alone.  The 
sculpture  of  the  west  front  is  of  the 
most  elegant  and  tasteful  description. 
The  statues  which  ornamented  this 
portion  of  the  structure  have  perished, 
but  the  sculptures,  wrought  in  the 
solid  blocks,  have  escaped,  and  shew 
in  five  divisions  subjects  derived  from 
the  inspired  narratives  of  the  sacred 
life  of  our  Saviour.  These  sculptures 
were  wholly  worked  after  the  parapet 
was  built,  and,  as  was  not  unfrequently 
the  case,  left  incomplete.  "  The  first 
in  order,  but  the  one  reserved  to  the 
last  for  the  sculptor's  art,  was  designed 
for  the  reception  of  the  representation 
of  the  Annunciation.  The  block  is 
slightly  roughed  out  for  the  figures  of 
St.  Gabriel  and  the  blessed  Virgin ;" 
but  the  sculptor  has  never  completed 
the  subject.  It  was,  perhaps,  left  for 
a  master  hand  to  finish  the  repre- 
sentation of  this  sublime  mystery. 
A  parallel  is  then  drawn  between  the 
Wakefield  subjects  and  some  ancient 
sculpture  once  existing  over  the  altar 
at  St.  Mary's  or  New  College  at 
Oxford,  and  now  left  neglected  to 
moulder  in  the  cloister,  and  which 
was  illustrative  of  the  same  five  pro- 
minent mysteries  as  those  selected  for 
the  edification  of  the  devout  at  Wake- 
field. Two  of  the  Wakefield  subjects 
are  engraven  on  wood,  and  feelingly 
exhibit  the  beauty  of  the  sculpture: 
one,  the  resurrection  of  our  Lord,  is 
treated  with  great  dignity ;  the  Roman 
soldiers  watching  the  tomb  are  in  the 
•rmour  of  the  time,  but  the  stylt  of  the 


sculpture  is  so  good  that  in  its  ex- 
cellence the  spectator  forgets  the  in- 
congruity of  the  costume,  which  in- 
dicates the  commencement  of  the  reign 
of  Edward  III.  Irt  the  other  subject 
engraved,  the  statue  of  our  Lady,  is 
an  exquisite  piece  of  workmanship. 
"The  design  appears  to  have  been 
composed  with  reference  to  the  as- 
sumption of  the  blessed  Virgin,  and 
to  have  been  chosen  along  with  the 
other  subjects  from  among  the  fifteen 
mysteries  selected  for  meditation  as 
the  devotion  of  the  rosary.  The  in- 
troduction of  the  empty  tomb  bears 
allusion  to  the  pious  belief  of  her 
bodily  translation  ;  two  angels  are  re- 
presented behind,  and  the  figures  set 
one  at  each  side  of  the  tomb,  St.  Mary 
being  distinguished  by  a  crown." 

We  trust  this  publication  is  but  a 
sample  of  the  beauties  of  Wakefield 
Chapel  given  as  an  earnest  of  a  larger 
work  on  the  subject.  It  introduces 
to  us  a  young  architect  of  great  pro- 
mise, to  whom  we  may  look  forward 
as  one  destined  to  carry  on  the  great 
work  of  church  restoration,  which  is 
now  scarcely  beyond  its  infancy. 

We  cannot  close  our  notice  of  this 
little  work  before  us  without  extracting 
two  pieces  of  information  which  are 
worthy  the  notice  of  our  readers. 

PLASTER   CEILINGS    IN   NORMAN 
CHURCHES. 

"  Attention  should  be  directed  to  tlie 
facS  because  it  is  not  generally  known, 
at  least  by  English  antiquaries  who  have 
described  the  ecclesiastical  architecture  of 
that  part  of  France  (Normandy),  that 
many  of  the  noblest  parish  and  monastic 
churches  which  seem  to  present  stone  roofs 
groined  in  keeping  with  the  pillars ,  by 
which  the  ribs  are  supported,  and,  with 
the  rest  of  the  design,  are  of  plaster  on 
wood  framework,  most  probably  of  sub- 
sequent date  to  the  fabric,  but  so  well 
combined,  and  remaining  in  most  cases  so 
free  from  injury  and  decay,  as  to  have 
escaped  common  observation.*' 

NORMAN  ALTARS. 

"  As  the  remains  of  Norman  altars  are 
very  rare,  it  may  be  well  to  observe  that  a 
curious  relic  of  this  kind  and  age  is  pre- 
served in  the  garden  of  the  rectory  house 
at  Dunham  Magna,  in  Norfolk.  It  con- 
sists of  a  large  portion  of  the  top  stone, 
five  inches  in  thickness,  furnished  with 
mouldings,  and  enrich' 
dented  star  ornament* 
meatured  about  5  ft  9 


1844.] 


Review. — Custlne's  Empire  of  the  Czar. 


397' 


i  ft.  1  in.  in  widths  and  was  impressc^l 
v^tth  the  fwti  (iinatl  crosscflJ' 

Wc  ftre  certain  such  |jQrticulara  as 
these  arc  always  interesttng  to  our 
antiquarian  readers;  wkli  tbta  view 
we  made  the  extracts,  and  with  them 
we  close  our  review^  adding  our  hope 
that  A  grcftter  portioo  of  equally 
curious  matter  will  he  given  at  some 
not  very  distant  time  from  the  rich 
stores  of  the  Messrs.  Buckler. 


The  Empire  cf  ihe  Czar,  or  Obterva- 
vaiiona  o»  the  Sociai^  Paliticul,  and 
ReliffiouB  Stale  and  Prospeds  of 
Russia,  made  during  a  Jountey 
through  that  Empire,  b^  the  Mar- 
quis de  Custine,  IVanttatedfrom  the 
French,  Stw.  3  vols, 
THIS  is  rather  a  singular  hook,  but 
it  will  well  repay  the  labour  of  perusal. 
It  contains  a  considerable  quantity  of 
curious  and  interesting  information, 
some  of  which,  from  ihe  peculiar 
facilities  which  the  author  seems  to 
have  possessed,  it  would  not  he  easy  to 
meet  with  elsewhere.  The  author  be- 
tmys  his  country  in  every  page  of  the 
work.  There  is  a  certain  largeness  of 
speakirig — if  we  may  use  such  an  ex- 
pressioti — which  few  travellers  belong' 
ing  to  any  other  nation  would  allow 
themsetves  to  indulge  in*  Let  us  not 
he  thought,  however,  that  we  wi^h  to 
charge  the  aothor  with  any  kind  of 
exaggeration  by  what  we  have  said  ; 
far  from  it.  We  only  mean,  that  his 
descriptions  are  rather  too  long,  and 
he  displays  a  little  too  much  vanity 
and  egotism.  This  is  shown  by  the 
circumstance  that  he  is  more  fond  of 
giving  the  reader  hia  own  opinions 
than  of  confining  himself  to  a  relation 
of  facts  and  adventures  alone.  Some 
travellers  present  their  readers  with 
a  bare  chronicle  of  what  they  have 
seen  and  heard  ;  the  author  of  the 
work  before  us,  on  the  other  hand, 
iadulges  them  more  frequently  than  is 
perhaps  necessary  with  the  sentiments 
of  M.  de  Caatine*  Notwithstanding 
all  thi»,  we  are  inclined  to  think — and 
it  19  a  painful  reflection — that  these 
Yolumes  contain  a  more  accurate  ac- 
count of  the  stale  and  condition  of 
Russia  than  almost  any  other  work  of 
recent  date.  The  author  has  pene- 
trated through  that  superficial  glitter 
and     gorgeoua     array    which    have 


blinded  the  eyes  of  too  many  trav tellers 
to  the  imperfections  and  defects  of 
this  great  empire*  and  has  shown  it  as 
it  really  is*  To  do  this  in  the  case  of 
Russia  requires  many  and  favourable 
opportunities  of  observation,  conside- 
rable penetration,  and  a  courage  aad 
determination  not  easily  to  be  daunted ; 
all  these  M.  deCustine  appears  to  pos* 
sess,  and  the  result  is,  a  work  w4iich 
those  who  are  desirous  to  know 
Russia  as  it  really  is,  and  not  as  it 
w^outd  fain  impose  itself  on  the  world 
to  be,  will  do  well  to  consult. 

Russian  civilisation  appears,  if  we 
may  judge  from  this  work,  to  be  Ultlc 
more  than  a  thin  and  artificial  incrus- 
tation, laid  over  what  is  beneath  only 
the  rude,  and  in  many  cases  little 
more  than  the  semi -barbarous,  cha- 
racter of  that  mixed  race  of  which  this 
singular  empire  is  composed.  To  use 
the  forcible  expression  of  M.  de  Cys- 
tine, as  it  is  rendered  by  his  translator, 
''  the  Russians  arc  drilled  and  disct- 
plined  Tartars."  This  imperfect  civi* 
lisation  is  particularly  remarkable  in 
the  internal  economy  of  this  people. 
Whilst  all  which  meets  the  eye  of  the 
pasatng  visitor  in  the  palaces  and  man- 
sions of  the  higher  ranks  is  splendid 
and  gorgeous  in  the  extreme,  those 
apartments  which  are  devoted  to  the 
domestic  use  of  the  family  are  fre- 
quently devoid  of  what  would  be 
looked  on  not  only  as  comforts,  but  as 
the  actual  necessaries  of  life,  in  the 
more  cultivated  portions  of  Europe, 
The  object  throughout  the  country 
appears  to  be,  to  dazzle  the  eye  of  the 
stranger,  and  to  allow  him  to  see  only 
what  is  excellent,  w^hibt  all  defici- 
encies are  guarded  from  his  sight  with 
jealous  care.  We  had  oo  idea  until  we 
had  read  this  book  of  the  extraordinary 
political  condition  of  Russia.  Mad  it 
been  the  work  of  a  writer  iy( liberal  opi- 
nions, we  should  have  been  inclined  to 
doubt  the  truth  and  fidelity  of  the  pic- 
ture ;  but  M.  de  Cystine  is  a  friend  of 
order  and  monarchical  govern ment,and 
hisaccount,  therefore,  claims  uur  credit. 
Not  only  is  freedom  of  action  denied 
to  the  Russians,  but  freedom  of  speech, 
as  well,  and  the  consequence  is  that 
the  whole  nation,  according  to  our 
author,  seems  to  be  acting  a  part,  the 
resalt  either  of  fever,  or  of  what  may 
be  termed  a  species  of  self*deluBion. 
Under  this  singular  kind  of  restraint 


* 


I 


I 


A 


S98 


M%$G€lUmmmi  Bmews. 


[April, 


Dot  odIv  are  do  UDtoward  eveats  which 
occar  ID  coDDectioD  with  the  state 
allowed  to  be  made  the  subject  of  cod- 
▼ersatioD^  but  those  which  affect  in- 
dividuals as  well  lie  under  the  same 
species  of  prohibition.  The  author 
iDstances  a  case  in  point  of  the  latter 
kind,  which  bears  him  out  in  his  cod- 
closioDs.  No  display  of  earoestness 
or  CDthusiasm,  nothing,  in  short, 
which  caD  interrupt  the  smooth  and 
UDroflBed  surface  which  society,  it 
leems,  iu  Russia  must  present,  is  per- 
mitted. But,  if  such  are  some  of  the 
features  peculiar  to  the  condition  of 
the  higher  classes,  the  state  of  the 
Russian  serfs,  according  to  M.  de 
Cnstine,  is  miserable  in  the  extreme ; 
liable  to  receive  violent  usage  not  only 
at  the  hands  of  their  owners  and 
masters,  but  also  from  those  of  their 
own  class  who  are  superior  to  them 
either  in  age  or  some  accidental  cir- 
cumstance of  situation,  they  submit 
to  this  treatment  without  murmuring 
or  complaint,  and,  after  the  infliction 
of  what  is  too  often  a  capricious  and 
cruel  punishment,  will  resume  their 
accustomed  cheerfulness  and  polite- 
ness of  demeanour.  We  hope  for  the 
credit  of  human  nature  that  the  author 
has  exaggerated  this  part  of  his  pic- 
ture, a  circumstance  not  unlikely  to 
occur  from  the  kindly  and  humane 
feelings  which  he  evidently  possesses. 
This  politeness  and  cheerfulness  appear 
to  be  habitual  with  the  Russian  peasant, 
and  form  some  of  the  redeeming  points 
in  a  character  which  in  every  class 
appears    too    much    impressed   with 


deceit  and  dissimulation.  The  spirit 
of  chivalry,  which  has  imparted  so 
much  of  frank  and  honourable  feeling 
to  the  rest  of  Europe,  appears,  as  the 
author  well  observes,  to  have  stopped 
short  at  those  races  of  which  the 
Russian  people  is  composed,  and  the 
vacant  space  has  been  filled  up  by  a 
deceitful  and  intriguing  spirit  bor- 
rowed from  the  Byzantine  empire. 
This  opinion  may  be  correct  or  not ; 
at  any  rate  it  is  an  ingenious  theory, 
and  is  certainly  borne  out  by  facts. 
The  dissimulation  of  the  Russian  cha- 
racter in  diplomacy  is  well  known, 
and,  according  to  our  author,  their 
superior  skill  in  the  science  results 
from  the  fact  that  whilst  they  conceal 
what  is  taking  place  in  their  own 
country  they  take  advantage  of  the 
openness  and  candour  of  their  neigh- 
bours, who  are  thus  dealing  with  them 
at  unequal  odds. 

We  wish  our  limits  would  permit 
us  to  speak  at  greater  length  of  what 
this  very  clever  book  contains;  we 
trust,  however,  that  what  we  have 
said  will  be  sufficient  to  give  our 
readers  some  idea  of  its  nature.  We 
cannot  dismiss  it  without  noticing  one 
feature  in  its  pages  which  gives  us 
much  pleasure,  it  is  the  sincere  respect 
with  which  the  author  always  speaks 
on  every  subject  connected  with  re- 
ligion.  If  this  may  be  viewed  as  a 
symptom  of  improvement  which  is 
taking  place  in  the  moral  condition  of 
his  countrymen,  we  need  not  say  with 
what  ffreat  and  cordial  gratification 
we  hail  it. 


JBeeie9iaiiieal  Law,  The  Oomtitutumt 
^fOtho  I  vnih  Notes,  By  John  William 
White,  l^q,  qf  Doctore'  Commons,  Proc- 
tor, 8ro. — A  general  interest  in  ecclesi- 
astical antiquities  (extendioe  even  to  the 
lay  members  of  the  Church)  has  lately 
displayed  itself  in  England,  and  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  present  pamphlet  is  one 
of  the  many  signs  which  indicate  its  ex* 
istence.  It  is  a  reprint,  in  a  oollected 
and  more  convenient  form,  of  a  series  of 
articles  which  originally  appeared  in  the 
British  Magazine.  The  ancient  legative 
constitutions  of  which  it  is  a  translation, 
with  the  latter  canons  of  Othobon,  and 
the  Provinciale  of  Lindewood,  may  be  con- 
sidered the  decretals  of  the  Anglican 
Church,  and  af  ffoch  they  aroi  in  fiwti  at 


the  present  Jay  the  leading  text-books  of 
ecclesiastical  law  in  this  country.  They 
are  the  subject  of  constant  reference  in 
the  Consistorial  Courts,  and  form  the 
basb  of  all  decisions  relating  either  to  the 
constitution  of  the  Church  or  the  disci- 
plinary government  of  its  members.  And 
it  is  to  a  strict  adherence  to  the  principles 
derived  from  them  and  other  similar  au- 
thorities that  the  excellent  interpretation 
and  administration  of  the  canon  law  by 
the  English  ecclesiastical  judges  are  to  be 
exclusively  imputed.  The  contrast  at 
the  present  day  between  the  £svoured 
condition  of  this  law  in  England,  and  its 
circumscribed  and  debased  state  on  the 
Continent,  has  been  frequently  remarked 
by  the  piofeiaon  of  the  Roman  Catholic 


1844.] 

the 

in  this  respect.  Tht 
which  tbcae  CjlilBTi  ■■  of  Oiho  were 
oompoaed,  saj  Ve  f  ijigfi'  is  a  fcv 
words.  Tbe  aiegwLu-  icair  •€  ffae  £■(. 
lUh  Clmcb  dniof  ffae  rncB  of  He«rr  IIL 
had  attracted  Ac  aStoatxPB  of  Ac  pviili'f 
and  aoeorfiafiT,  in  1216.  Greforr  EL 
appointed  Carfcaal  Otho  kb  ~ 
parieg  AmgBt,  wiA  the 
sion  of  it  aiming  the  Clnreh 
of  EngUad  to  n  paritr  of 
that  of  the  Coatinmt.  A  oovncfl  vw 
held  at  London  in  the  aane  fcar,  at  vhieh 
aU  the  Engiiih  hiahope  MUted  nnder  the 
presidency  of  the  l^pte.  and  the  rcHlt 
appeared  in  the  paasing  of  tventy-eiKht 
constitntions,  adapted,  in  the  o|nnion  of 
their  enacters,  to  the  exigencies  of  the  tinea. 
At  a  snbseqnent  period,  thongh  the  date 
is  unknown,  these  eonstitations  ftwnd  a 
diligent  commentator  in  John  de  Athored. 
a  priest  of  Lincoln  Cathedral,  hnt  eon- 
ceming  whom  nothing  else  is  known. 
His  glosses,  thongh  mndonbtedly  the 
work  of  a  canonist  of  learning  and  aerit, 
are  considerably  inferior  in  deameaa  wad 
utility  to  the  Taloable  commentaries  of 
the  able  and  discriminating  Lindewood 
on  the  ProTincial  Constitntions. 

The  present  pamphlet  contains  n  trans- 
lation of  all  the  Constitntions  of  Otho,  h«t 
without  the  preambles,  for  which 
howerer,  we  confe«  we  see  so 
reason,  especiaDy  in  so  small  a 
The  translation  recommends  itadf  to  the 
reader  by  its  scmpnloos  aeevney,  sad 
the  closeness  and  simpfidty  of  its  style. 
Each  chapter,  also,  is  aeesmpanied  by 
useful  and   interesting  notes,  which  ex- 
plain tbe  more  archaic  forms  and  nsages 
referred  to  in  the  text. 

The  Book  qf  Common  Prayer ^  with 
Plain-Tune,  Pari  JL  Omiahtin^  the 
pMalteTf  or  Pgalme  of  David,  pointed  a$ 
they  are  to  he  eung  or  eaU  in  Chmrehee, 
with  the  eight  Gregorian  Tfmet  t  the 
Burial  Service^  with  the  mneieal  notation  ; 
with  an  yfppendiJt  0/ Ancient  htueie^  ifc. 
Small  4/o.~This  Tolome  completes  tbe 
magnificent  illustrated  edition  of  the 
Common  Prayer  with  the  mosical  ao- 
Utlon,  Ittttrlr  brought  out  by  Mr.  Bsms, 
which  we  had  the  pleasnre  of  ooddng 
a  few  months  since.  The  execation  of 
tbe  typographical  part  and  the  omaaeatal 
work  i«  eciually  tasteful  and  beautiful 
with  that  of  the  former  foinme,  and  it  is 
enriched  also  with  an  Ap^sMttf  of  evloiis 
and  '  '  ^'"'~  '"  ~  ^  * 
invcsi 
the  editor^ 
he  has  done  full  Jwtice,  by  hl« 


riimd  anAonfT  of  the  plain-sonr  in  Mar-, 
heck's  pnhfication,  and  of  that"  giTcn  in 
the  ptmtnft  work  ;  an  aceonnt  of  certain 
fiftenkiei  which  oecnr  in  the  adapcalioB 
of  FlaB-song  to  English  words,  princi. 
pally  wiA  reference  to  the  use  of  the 
Gregnrian tones fer the  ftalms  :  andare- 
print  of  snch  pottions  of  the  music  to 
the  rnsamanifia  oftoe  and  borial  serriee, 
by  Maiheeh,  as  hare  been  omitted 
or  altnnd  tosmt  die  prcaent  Book  of 
Conuaon  Pknyer. 

Tie   WhUe  Mmek;    a  Remaace.    Bg 
Mre,    Hmmmou,    Amihereee    of  **  Om- 
slcnrr,'*  "  Rmgiamd  Caeiie,"  ire.ife,  8e«. 
3  Polv. — Mrs.  Thomson  is  an  indefatigable 
writer,  and,  what  is  more  to  the  purpoae, 
she  always  eontrires  to  write  weU.     She 
has  selected  a  period  of  history  for  the 
aeene  of  the  present  tale  which  has  not 
often  been  employed,  we  beliere,  for  a 
similar  parpose.    Most  of  the  eminent 
persons  who  figured  during  the  reign  of 
Wilfiam  the  Third,  she  has  contrived  to 
introduce,  and  made  to  phy  a  part  in  her 
story.     In  doing  this,  she  has  displayed 
eonriderabk  ingenuity  and  skill,  and  hM 
contrired  to  let  each  personage  exhibit 
himself  in  what  artists  would  term  good- 
keeping.    To  do  this  weU  is  a  great  art 
in  what  may  be  termed  historical  fiction, 
and  it  was  his  singular  ability  in  this  part 
of  his  works  which  imparted  one  among 
■Mny  great  charms  to  the  exquisite  fictioni 
of  8cott.    The  hero  and  the  heroine  in 
the  White  Mask  are  both  rery  well  drawn 
•wi  weU-sustained  characters ;  of  the  two 
we  think  we  like  the  hitter  best ;  there  it 
M  artlessness  and  pathos  about  her  whidi 
jre  intereating  in  a  high   degree.    The 
Umnteas  of  Tyrconnell  and  Lord  Castle- 
mame  are  good  delineations.     We    are 
■orry  we  cannot  say  quite  so  much  for 
•ome  of  the  rehtires  of  the  latter,  who 
tre  represented  as  infesting  his  house,  and 
PjiyiDg  the  part  of  hungry  depend«S^ 

^lif^huK  T""^'  ^"^  •^^^  it  is  a  kind 
^e  which  does  not  possess  mudi  In. 

fi^rmont  on  Boetrine,  DieeimHma   and 

Ajubly  our  doty  to  «jr,  that  it  U  one  th.t 
itigktioD  ud  tttnr^^aSput^    fan,^!ST"*""'  ^  •*''^  to  be  cMt- 


Ln  "~~T"'«"  «™  pwiie*  to  be  cu«> 
Wljr  re^M  .  gaid«  to  the  aothor'.  tImw 
OB  doctnoe,  and  pntieaUrW  m  to  wM 
«•  »M  oa  the  Otaey  0*  the  iwrtawi* 


400 


MisceUaneous  Reviews. 


[April, 


and  thea  the  sixteenth  sermon  should  be 
perused.  The  subjects  of  these  discourses 
maj  be  called  leading  ones,  those  that 
form  the  broad  and  strong  foundation  of 
religious  belief  and  faith  :  as  original  sin — 
saner ification  of  life — grace;  and  there  are 
also  others  which  we  hare  read  with  satis- 
faction for  the  propriety  as  well  as  pietjr 
of  the  sentiments,  such  as  the  XlXth. 
The  Daily  Service,  and  the  following  on 
the  Church  of  England  Societies.  AU 
thongh,  in  the  present  divided  state  of  the 
Church,  every  one  of  its  ministers,  and  per- 
haps members,  has  some  side  to  which  he 
leans  with  greater  approbation  of  the  mind 
than  to  others ;  yet,  in  the  present  case,  we 
see  no  violent  or  unbecoming  boasting  or 
confidence  of  the  author  in  the  rectitude 
of  his  own  judgment  (as  we  have  met 
with  in  other  cases),  and  no  [uncharitable 
censure  of  others  ;  but  moderation  appa- 
rently formed  on  a  candid  study  of  the 
subjects  which  are  under  controversy,  and 
CD  a  conviction  that  truth  itself  is  only 
to  be  followed  by  us  in  company  with  the 
Christian  virtues  of  brotherly  kindness, 
and  of  personal  diffidence,  accompanied 
by  the  constant  reflection,  that,  though 
wa  may  differ  from  our  brethren  in  some 
things,  we  muti  agree  with  them  in  far 
many  more. 

Ditcounei  addretted  io  an  Atienthe 
and  Intelligent  Congregation.  By  Rev. 
J.  Grant,  .4,M. — The  author  informs  us, 
that,  though  he  is  "  incapacitated  in  almost 
every  way  from  discharging  his  customary 
duties,  but  chiefly  by  his  lato  paralytic 
affection,  deprived  of  the  power  of  arti- 
culation," he  still  remembers  his  flock 
with  warm  affection,  and  desires  to  leave 
with  the  chief  members  of  it  the  accom- 
panying testimony  of  his  long  intercourse. 
The  impression  is  small,  chiefly  designed 
for  those  to  whom  the  work  is  particu- 
larly addressed.  The  discourses  them- 
selves we  think  written  in  an  inte- 
resting, impressive,  and  often  eloquent 
style  ;  the  subjects  are  well  chosen  ;  and 
there  is  a  clearness  in  the  manner  in 
which  the  author  conducts  and  illustrates 
his  arguments,  that  fastens  the  attention 
and  satisfles  the  judgment.  Grieving,  as 
they  must  do,  fur  the  severe  affliction  of 
their  minister,  the  present  volume  must  to 
his  congregation  be  a  most  acceptable 
remembrance  of  him  ;  for  in  it,  **  though 
absent  from  them  in  the  body,''  his  voice 
of  affection  and  monition  is  still  heard. 


Two  TreatUei  on  the  Church ;  thefint 
by  T.  Jackson,  D,D.  second  by  Robert 
Sanderson,  D,D.  S(c,  Edited  byW,  Goode, 
A,i\I, — This  publication  has  been  called 
forth,  the  editor  informs  us,  by  the  doc- 
8 


trine  set  forth  by  the  Traetarians,  that 
the    controversy    now  going   on  in  the 
Church  of  England  is  a  contest  between 
the  Catholic  and  Genevan  schools  of  doc- 
trine.    This   he   denies ;    and  observes, 
that  the  points   in  issue  are  points   in 
which  Luther,  Calvin,  and  Arminius  were 
agreed  ;    being  the  great  varieties  which 
distinguish  the  orthodox  Protestant  theo- 
logy from  the  corrupt  creed  of  Rome. 
As  the  controversy  is  at  present  more  par- 
ticularly directed  to  the  doctrine  respect- 
ing the  nature  and  constitution  of  the 
Church,  the  editor  has  republished  a  trea- 
tise on  the  subject  by  Dr.  Thomas  Jackson, 
he  being  allowed  by  Dr.  Pusey  to  be  **  one 
of  the  best  and  greatest  minds  our  Church 
has  nurtured."     This  very  argumentative 
and  admirable  discourse  is  followed  by  one 
of  Bishop  Sanderson's  on  certain  parti- 
culars relating  to  the  Church ;  and  lastly 
by  a  letter  from  Dr.  John  Cosin,  after- 
wards Bishop  of  Durham,  to  Mr.   Cor- 
dell,   on  the   subject  of  communication 
with  the  French  Protestants.    We  recom- 
mend this  volume  to  the  perusal  of  all 
persons  who  are  engaged  in,  or  interested 
in,  the  discussion  of  these  important  sub- 
jects ;  and  we  advise  that  the  introdoc- 
tory  remarks  by  the  editor  should  be  care- 
fully perused. 

Men  and  Women,  or  Manorial  Rights, 
By  the  Author  qf  *'  Susan  Hopley.*' 
Svo.  3  vols. — We  had  expected  better 
things  from  the  author  of  '*  Susan 
Hopley  ;'*  not  perhaps  that  the  work 
before  us  is  much  inferior  to  its  prede- 
cessor in  point  of  literary  talent ;  the  de- 
ficiency to  which  we  allude  is  rather  one 
of  a  moral  kind.  We  do  not  believe  that 
such  a  state  of  society  as  that  represented 
in  this  tale  could  ever  have  existed  in  this 
country  in  modern  times,  or  that  such  an 
individual  as  the  baronet,  who  fills  so 
prominent  a  place  in  its  pages,  would 
nave  been  allowed  to  pursue  his  vicious 
and  wicked  career,  supposing  him  even  to 
have  attempted  it,  which  it  is  quite  im- 
probable  that  any  one  in  his  station  should 
have  done.  Why  then  should  a  writer, 
who  is  so  well  able  to  delineate  moral 
excellence  as  in  the  instance  of  **  Susan 
Hopley,"  and  also  it  cannot  be  denied  in 
some  of  the  characters  in  the  present  tale, 
go  out  of  his  way  to  invent  an  improbable 
state  of  things,  and  attempt  to  describe 
characters  who,  bad  as  human  nature  may 
be,  are  certainly  much  worse  than  its 
average  standard  of  evil  ?  To  display  in- 
vention and  power  of  writing  at  the 
expense  of  injuring  the  tone  of  mind  of 
the  reader,  and  deteriorating  that  fine 
moral  sense,  which  in  the  case  of  the 
young — the  most  firequent  readers  of  such 


New  Pubiicaliom, 


works — it  ought  to  be  an  especial  object 
to  ppeserTC  uncorrupted^  is  surely  ea  ei- 
hibitioii  of  taletit  which  an  author  ihould 
be  aautiouft  of  risking.  We  would  ear- 
nestly recommend  the  nuthor  when  he 
next  appears  before  the  public  as  a  writer 
of  fiction,  and  be  \m  evidcnUy  very  capable 


of  etcelling  in  that  pntbi  (o  correct  the 
faults  to  which  we  have  alludedi  and  alio 
to  avoid  that  strain  of  coarie  humour  and 
those  rash  obflervations  upon  grave  and 
important  Bubjecta  which  ore  much  too 
frequent  in  the  preient  work. 


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Soliloquies:  or,  the  Documents  of 
Christian  Perfection  of  the  venerable  and 
famous  Father  Paul,  of  St.  Magdalen, 
1674.  Translated  into  English.  IBmo. 
i9.ed. 

Tbe  Meditations  of  Msrcus  Aurelins 
Antoninus :  with  the  Manual  of  Epictetus, 
aa^  a  Summary  of  Christian  Morality. 
Freely  translated  from  the  original  Greek 
by  H.  M'CoBMAC,M.D.     12mo.  9t.  6d. 

Moments  of  Thought  on  Subjects  Spi- 
ritual, Ezperimeataly  and  Practical.    By 


SAHUELAxKXASrpSltBBADSHAW.   l2mQ, 

God'a  Pastoral  Care  o(  hU  People,  a^ 
•et  forth  in  Psalm  93  :  &  Course  of  Lee 
turei  delirered  during  Lent  ltt4'!.  By 
tlie  late  T,  E,  Hankinson,  M.A,  Edited 
by  Ijjs  Widow.     2#.  6d. 

The  Chlld*a  Book  of  Horailiei.  By  a 
Member  of  the  Charch  of  Englaod.     29, 

l^rueFs  Ordinances  ExomiDed  ;  tu  re- 
ply to  Charlotte  EUz  beth's  Letter  to  the 
Right  Rev,  the  Bbbop  of  Jeruualctn,  By 
MosBS  Maagoliouth,  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin*     Rvo.     2j». 

The  Sacrament  of  Baptiam,  its  Nature, 
Deiign,  and  Obligatious.  By  the  Rev* 
WtLtiAitf  IC.  TwKEDiE.     lf»mo.     \t.  Gd, 

Experience  of  the  Truth  the  Preaerva- 
tivc  anninat  Error  :  a  Serroon  preached  at 
the  General  Ordinatbo  held  by  the  Lord 
Bishop  of  Winchester,  Dec.  17.  1843. 
By  Thomas  Brock,  M.A.     8to,     1*, 

The  Church  the  Body  of  Chrijrt  edifying 
itself  in  Love  :  a  Bermoii  preached  in  the 
CatUtdral  of  Barbadoes*  By  Cuabxes 
La  wsoN ,  M  .A,  Archdeacoa  of  Barbadoes, 
8ro.     la* 

Union  in  Glory.  A  Letter  to  the  Hoo, 
and  Rev,  B.  W*  Nod.  By  one  of  the 
Congregation.  Also  the  Mystery  of 
GodUneaa,  or  Tbou^ti  on  Tim.  lU.  16. 
I2mo.    4d, 

A  Funeral  Sermon  preached  at  Bread- 
fall,  on  the  Death  of  Sir  Geor^  Crewe, 
Bart.  By  Hinry  R.  Cukwe,  M.A.  8vo. 
If. 

An  Eiamlnation  of  a  Pampblft  enti- 
tled •*  The  Tendeoey  of  Church  Princi- 
pies  so  called  to  Romatusm."  By  the 
Rev.  F,  Close,  A.M.  8vo.   I*. 

An  Examination  of  the  Opinions  and 
Practices  of  the  new  sect  uaaally  deno* 
Biuteil  Plymonth  Brethren.  By  Crvai aw 
Thomas  Rust.  12mo.   )a. 

Lectures  on  certain  High  Church  Prin- 
ciples, commonly  designated  by  the  term 
Puscyiam.     By  Thob.  Maoge,  8vo,  3»* 

The  Antichrist  of  Priesthood  i  or,  the 
Sobveriion  of  the  System  of  Popery  and 
of  Puaeyism  by  the  Light  and  Force  of 
Divine  Truth,  &c,  with  Proofs  that  the 
Second  Order  of  Minii^ters  in  the  United 
Church  of  England  aud  Ireland  it  a  Prea-' 
byterf  and  not  a  Priesthood.  By  th«  Rev. 
RcaiKALD  Rabktt,  M.A.  Bvo.  2#.  6d. 

Outline  of  Coagregationaliiai  ;  with  aa 
Hiatorical  Sketch  of  ita  Eiac  and  Progreai 
in  the  town  of  Andover,     By  thiC  Rev.  J. 

i.  PtABiALL.   29,  Cd. 

Fifty  Tracu  on  the  Errors  end  Evils 
of  the  Church  of  England.  By  the  Rev. 
William  Taoav,  of  Winchester.  12ni0. 
2i. 

Popcfj  at  Madeira  ;  or,  an  Account  of 
th«  Feftecatioii  of  Dr,  Kalky  sjad  other 


Poetry, 

King  Alfred  :  a  Poem.  By  John  FtT*. 
CHETT.  Edited  by  Robert  Roscoe.  (i 
vols.  8vo.  3/.  3#. 

The  Poetjcaj  Works  of  Cbarlea  Church- 
til »  with  copious  Notes,  and  a  Life  of  the 
Author.  By  W.  Tooite,  F,R.S.  3  vols, 
Portrail^.  15*.     (Aldine  Poet*.) 

The  Biiptidtcry ;  or,  tlta  Way  of  Eter- 
nal Life.  By  thr  author  of  **  The  Cailia- 
dr*l/'  Pttrt  4,  or  vol.  IL  8fo.  140  en- 
gravio^s.     7*.  Gd, 

The  Minor  Pornos  of  Schiller;  or  the 
Second  and  Third  Periods,  with  a  few  of 
those  of  earli«T  date.  Traosl^ited,  for  the 
most  part,  intu  the  same  metre's  with  the 
original,  by  Joua  HeB-mxh  ME»iVAt,K, 
c*q.  F.S.A.  7#. 

My  Souvenir;  or,  Poem*,  By  Caro- 
line D£Cn£SPl6^fTt  With  TratiaUtiona, 
«fc.  7a. 

Zareefa ;  a  Tale ;  and  other  Poeioa. 
By  the  author  of  **  Cephalus  and  Pro* 
cris,*'  •'  Thfi  Prophecy."  &c,  (5#. 

O'SuJliyaUi  the  Bandit  Chief:  a  Le- 
gend of  Killarney,  in  Six  Cantos.  By 
ViscoraCT  MASs«»SgNK  and  J^BaiLAan. 
Bvo.  5t. 

Richelieu  in  Love;  or^  the  Youth  of 
Charles  the  First :  an  Historical  Comedy, 
in  Five  Acta,  as  accepted  at  the  Royol 
Haymurket  Theatre,  and  prohibited  by 
authority  of  the  Lord  Cham  her  Lain.  With 
a  Preface  explanatory.  8vo.  4#.  Sd. 

The  Vision  of  Isaiah  concerning  Jeru- 
salem, from  Chapter  40  to  th*!!  eud,  ren- 
dered into  Ver»e.  according  to  Bishop 
Lowth^i  TnufiUtioo.  It.  G<f. 

The  Pear)  of  PeriaUn ;  or,  the  Last 
of  the  Magi^  a  Poem.  By  OaonoE 
Aldkr.  author  of  **  The  Prince  of  the 
Mountains."  2a.  6<f. 

Village  Carpenters ;  Poetical  Remarka 
on  '*  Songs  and  BalJad*  for  the  People,  by 
the  Rev.  John  M.  Nealc,  B.  A.**  By  Tao- 
MAs  Wbay,   12mo.  U. 

The  Buccaneer,  and  other  Poena.  By 
RiCHAiLO  Hkmby  Daka.  S4mo,  la. 

A'of e/#,  Takt,  ife. 

The  White  Mask.  By  Mrs.  TitoM- 
ftox.  3  vols,  post  Hvo.  3U.  6d, 

The  Old  Dower  House  ;  a  Tab  of  By* 
gone  Days*  By  the  author  of  **  The 
Young  Prima  Donna/'  &c«  jl  voU.  post 
«vo.  1U.  6<f. 

Fortunes  of  the  Falconers.  By  Mr». 
GomooN,  3  vols.  evo.  3 If.  6«f. 

Chatsworth ;  or,  the  Homaoee  of  m 
Week,  Edited  by  the  author  of  *'  Tre- 
moioe."  ^'De  Ycie/'  %c.  a  vols.  9vo* 
3l#.  ad. 


I 
t 

I 


404 


New  Ptiblications. 


lApriU 


Blanclie  CresBiaghanj.     By  M.  K.     'J 

TOlft.  [H)li  ByO.    34f. 

Life  and  Adventures  of  MicUael  Ama« 
strong,  the  Factory  Boy.  By  Francbs 
Tkollopb,  fttttboress  of  *^  Jessie  Phil- 
lipg,"  &c.  8yo.  12*. 

Honour!  a  Talc.     Post  8vo,   lOv,  6d. 

Amy  Herbert.  By  a  Lady.  Edited  by 
the  HcT.  W.  Sewell,  B.D.  Fellow  of 
Exeter  College.  3  voU.  9». 

Margaret  \  or,  the  Pearl.  By  tlje  Ret. 
Cha&ies  B.  Tayler,  M.A.  author  of 
"  May  You  Like  it.*  &c.  G$, 

The  Bondmaid.  By  Fredkbiea  Bre- 
MBR.  Tratiatated  from  the  Swediah  by  M. 
L.  Putnam,   l2mo.  3*.  6rf. 

The  Strange  Planet,  and  other  Sfcoriei. 
By  the  author  of  '*  Aids  to  DcTclopment/* 

i8fDo.  at. 

The  TelUTale,  and  the  Week  of  Idle- 
ness. By  Mi«9  Leslie  ;  and  Girls  ia 
their  Teens,  or  Tales  for  Young  Ladies. 
By  Miss  CoaNER.  2«.  Bd, 

Tales  of  the  Early  British  ChrLstiaos. 
By  Anna  Maria  Sargeant,  It.  Grf. 

The  most  Delectable  History  of  Rey- 
nard the  Pox,  and  of  his  Son  ReyDardioe. 
A  revised  version  of  an  old  Romance.  2*, 

Literature  and  Languaffe, 

The  Royal  Dictionary,  English'  and 
French,  and  French  and  EnglUh ;  com- 
piled from  the  Dictiouaries  of  Johnson » 
Todd,  Ash,  Webster,  and  Crabb  t  from 
the  last  edition  of  Chambaud,  Garner^ 
Rnd  J.  Descarrieres,  the  aixth  edition  of 
the  Academy,  the  Complement  to  the 
Academy,  the  Grammatical  Dictiouary  of 
LsTeaux,  the  Universal  Lexicon  of  Boisle, 
and  the  standard  Techoological  "Works  in 
either  Laognage.  By  Professors  Plkming 
■nd  TiBBiNs.  VoL  L — English  and 
French,  royal  4U).  3U.  6d. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare. 
By  J.  Payne  Colli er»  esq.  F.S.A. 
B  Tols«  Bvo.  Vol.  1»  containing  the  Life, 
and  a  History  of  the  English  Stage,  com- 
pleting the  edition »  \'2f. 

The  First  Part  of  Nevr  lUnstnilions  of 
the  Life,  Studies,  and  Writings  of  Shake- 
speare :  being  Prolusions*  Genealogical 
and  Biographical,  on  the  Family  of 
Shiluapeare,  and  other  Families  con- 
aeeted  with  him.  By  the  Rev.  Joeepb 
HtTNTER,  F.S.A.     evo.    a#.  6rf. 

A  Grammar  of  the  Icelandic  or  Old 
Norse  Tonf  lie.  Translated  from  the  Swe- 
dish of  £iA»jinj«  Ra^e,  by  Georos 
Werbr  Darrkt,  M.A.     8vo.  Ts.  M. 

The  Literature  of  Germany,  from  its 
earliest  period  to  the  present  time,  his^ 
torically  developed.  By  Faans  L.  J. 
TuiMM.    Edited  by  WiUiua  Henry  Fam. 


Medicine, 


An  Essay  on  the  Tongue  in  FonctionaJ 
Derangement  of  the  Stomach  and  Bowels, 
with  some  obser^'ations  on  the  To  nine's 
Aspect  in  Organic  Di*i?ase  of  the  Ltings. 
By  Eowabld  Williams,  M.B.  Cani&b. 
Bvo*     5#. 

Prize  Essay  on  the  Nature  and  Objecta 
of  Medical  Scieoce,  and  the  Principles 
upon  which  its  Study  and  Practice  ought 
to  be  founded.  By  Philip  Benrt 
Williams,  M.D.  Ed.     Bvo.     2#. 

On  the  Nature  and  Management  of 
the  Horse r  in  HcJiltb  and  Dii^ease.  By 
William  Roper,  Surgeon,  T.CD.     3#. 

The  Hand*Book  of  Farriery;  being  m. 
CompeDdium  of  Veterinary  Science.  By 
James  Joce.     %$,  6d* 

Law, 

New  Practice  of  Attorneys  lu  the 
Courts  of  Law  at  Westminster.  By  Joitx 
Frei>erick  Arch  bold,  esq.  Barriatcr- 
at-Law.     2  vols,  12mo.  32s. 

The  New  Chancery  Practice*  By  Hv* 
BERT  Aycrbodrn.     l9mo.  14f. 

Precedents  of  Mortgages,  &c.  Bf 
Rolla  RoubE,  esq.  of  the  Middle  Tem- 
ple, Barrister-at-Law.     ISmo.  8«. 

The  Nature  and  Forms  of  Actions,  and 
the  Rules  anil  Principles  of  Pleading,  ici 
a  Series  of  Questious,  with  Aoswersj*  il- 
tustmted  by  Exam|iles  and  Notes,  f^j 
the  Hon.  D.  G.  Osborne,  M.A.  Speciml 
Pleader.     12 mo.  7*. 

Digest  of  the  Laws  relating  to  Pawn- 
brokers ;  with  an  Appendix,  containing 
the  Pawnbrokers'  Act,  a  Table  of  R«teR, 
fitc    By  John  M'Glarban.  8to.  li?j.  ^. 

Supplement  to  a  ^*  Manual  of  the  Law 
of  Scotland,  Civil,  Municipal,  Criminji], 
and  Ecctcsiastjcal  T'  containing  Altera- 
tions and  Additions  which  have  taken 
place  in  the  Law.  By  John  Hitt^ 
BtiRTON,  Advocate.     l«mo.  1#.  C^. 

Natural  History,  ^T* 

Coloured  Illustrations  of  British  Birdi^ 
and    their    E^gs.       By    H.   L.    Meyer. 
Vol.  2,  «vo.  m  plates.     '21,  1^.  64^. 

Transactionft  of  the  Iifaotogieal  Society 
of  London.  VoL  3,  Part  S,  4to.  Pkia, 
IGf.  6d.;  coloured,  IH*^  Bd, 

Geological  Observations  on  the  Tol- 
c«nic  Islands  visited  during  the  voyage 
of  H.M,S.  Beagle;  together  with  aonM 
brief  Notifies  on  the  Geology  of  Australia 
and  th«  Cape  of  Good  Hojie  :  being  the 
Second  Part  of  the  Geology  of  the  Voy. 
age  of  the  Bejigle,  under  the  command  of 
Capl,  Fitsroy,  R.N.  during  the  year» 
183'2  to  IH'SG,  By  Cif  ajllsk  Darwix* 
M.A.  F,R,.S.     «vo.   liU,  Gd, 

Th«  Tr«c  Lifter ;  or,  a  New  Method 


184-4,1 


New  Fublications. 


405 


I 


of  Transplanting  Forest  Treea.     Bf  Col. 
Geoiicc  Gbeenwooo.    8vo.    T*. 

Lianieus  and  Jussico;  or^  the  Rise 
ftnd  Progress  of  Systematic  Botnoy  ;  a 
Tijpukr  Biography,  with  an  Historical 
lutroductioa  and  Sequel     ^4. 

AgricuHtir€, 

The  Vuloc  of  Landed  Property  de- 
monstrated by  PractU!Al  Deductions  and 
lilnstrmtions,  lending  especially  to  faci- 
litate the  V  111  nut  ion  of  Estutes  a^  iippU- 
cable  to  the  purposes  of  Agriculture.  By 
Layton  Cooke,  esq»  Land  Surreyor. 
Royal  8vo,  '2/.  2*. 

Thorough  Draining  in  Principle  and 
Practice  :  its  ad^antagea  aod  simplicity  as 
applied  to  a  Dead  Level :  addressed  to 
the  Owners  and  Occupiers  of  the  Soil  in 
the  parta  of  HoUand,  in  the  county  of 
Lincoln,  and  the  great  Level  of  the  Fcna, 
By  JoaN  Clahke.   ISmo.   It.  firf. 

Practical  Hints  to  Practical  Men  on 
New  and  Old  Manner*  ;  with  an  explana- 
tion of  the  Author's  Discovery  of  the  Go- 
Teming  Principles  of  Vegetable  Growth. 
By  J.  D.  HtiMPiiRBY9.  8to.  U* 

Illustrations  of  the  Theory  and  Prac- 
tice of  Ventilation,  with  remarks  on 
Wirmingi  exchi»ive  Lighting,  and  the 
cocnmunication  of  Sound.  By  David  B. 
Rkid,  M.D,  F.R.S.E.  8vo,   Ui*. 

On  the  Connection  of  Geology  with 
Tcrre*tritt)  Magnetism.  By  Evan  Hop- 
kins, C.  E.  F.G.S.  8vo.   iO*.  Gd, 

An  Elementary  Treatise  on  Mechanics. 
By  AxnitEW  Skaulb  Hart,  LL,D.  Fel- 
low of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  8vo.  6*.  Gd. 

Diurnal  Register  :  with  a  few  Remarks 
on  the  Barometer,  Symptcsometer,  and 
Thermometer.     By  Janrt  Tayloh.  G#. 

Electrical  Expcnmcnta.  ByG.FaANCiB, 
F.L-S,  feTo.  3#. 

A  Letter  to  Professor  Liebig,  on  some 
Misrepresentations  contained  in  the  se- 
cond edition  of  his  work,  '*  Aaimal  Che- 
mistry.'* By  G.  Kemp,  M.D.  »vo.  U.Gd. 

ITsefol  Arts  employed  In  the  produc- 
tion of  Food.  fcp.  2*.  6rf. 

Uaefnl  Arts  employed  in  the  production 
of  Clothing.   *#.  6<^. 

Smeaton  and  Lighthouses  :  a  Popular 
Biography;  with  an  Historical  Introduc- 
tion and  Sequel.  S#. 

The  Writing- Desk  and  Its  Contents 
taken  as  a  text  for  the  familiar  illuatration 
of  many  important  facts  in  Natural  His* 
tory  and  Philosophy.  By  Tromas  Grif- 

A  Word  or  Two  on  Port  Wine,  shewing 
how  and  why  it  is  adulterated.  By  One 
residing  in  Portugal  for  Elcfcu  Yeart« 
9to.  U. 


The  Artisan  :   a  Monthly  Journul  of 

the  Operative  Arts.     Vol.  L  4to.  I3f. 

Architecture* 

Guide  to  the  Architectural  Antiquitiea 
in  the  Neigh  ho  iirhood  of  Oxford.  6vo. 
7#.  6d. 

Remark*  upon  Way-side  Chapelt :  with 
Observations  on  the  Architecture  and 
Present  State  of  the  Chantry  on  Wake- 
field Bridge.  By  John  CiicssELt  Bucit- 
LKR  and  Charles  Buckxex,  Architects, 
8to.  '2s,  6*/, 

A  Letter  to  the  Rct.  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  of  Wcstmingtcr  on  the  intended 
AlteratioQS  in  the  Interior  of  Westminster 
Abbey.  By  a  Clergyman  qv  thk 
CiiiTRCU  OF  Enouand.  B?o,  l«. 

Fm€  Arit, 
Scraps    from    Nature;     conaisting    of 
Seventeen   Plates.     By  Robert  Brako- 
ARD.     Folio,  prints,  2U. ;  proofs,  42#. 

Sports, 

Wild  Sports  in  Europe*  Aaia,  and 
Africa,  Illustrated  by  Drawing*  tiken 
from  Nature.  By  Lieut.-CoL  E.  Napier. 
StoIs.  post  8to.  SU. 

Chess  Studies,  comprising  One  Thou- 
sand Games  actually  played.  By  George 
Walker.     Medium  Hso.  10#.  Ud, 

Munc. 

The  Psalter  and  Canticles  in  the  Morn- 
ing and  Evening  Serrices  of  the  Church 
of  England,  diYided  and  pointed  for 
Chanting ;  with  Prefatory  Directions. 
By  John  Calvert,  Choir  Master  at  the 
Temple  Church.  4*  Gd, 

Simple  Psalmody ;  consisting  of  Tunes 
adapted  to  the  Old  and  New  Versions  of 
the  F§&lms  of  David  :  together  with  Re- 
sponses^Sanctuses,  and  Doxologies, print- 
ed throughout  with  the  Sol-Fa  syllables, 
for  the  use  of  Schools  aud  Village  Choirs. 
Selected  and  edited  by  Thomas  Buck- 
ley, Chorister  of  York  Minster.  Royal 
BvQ,  3#,  6d, 

Prepcrinff/^tr  Publication* 

A  History  of  liluminated  Books  from 
the  IVth  to  the  XVIIth  Century.  By 
Henrv  Noel  HrvPHREYs.  I  Illustrated 
by  a  Sericf  of  Specimens,  consisting  of  an 
entire  page  of  tbe  exact  size  of  the  Ori- 
ginals, from  the  most  celebrated  and 
splendid  MSS,  in  all  the  great  Libmriea 
of  Europe,  superbly  printed  in  Gold,  Sil- 
ver, and  Colours.  To  he  published  in 
Monthly  Parts,  each  containing  three 
Plates.  ImjMJrial  4io.  12#. ;  imjHf rial  folio, 
21s. ;  a  few  on  vcllnm,  42i,  Part  1  on 
May  1. 

The  Pencil  of  Nature  :  a  Collection  of 
gentune  specimens  of  the  new  ftrt  of  Fho* 


406 


ArdiHtetiire. 


[April, 


togrmpbj,  in  most  of  its  branches,  from 
Plates  actnallj  obtsined  by  the  Action  of 
Light,  executed  with  the  greatest  care, 
entirely  by  optical  and  chemical  processes. 
Bj  H.  Fox  Talbot,  esq.  To  b«  pab- 
Ushed  in  10  or  19  Montblf  Parts,  oacb 
containing  Four  Plates,  with  DescriptiTt 
Letterpress.  4to.  15f. 

Researches  on  Light :  An  Ezamtaation 
of  all  the  known  Phenomena  connected 
with  the  Chemical  Influence  of  the  Solar 
Bays ;  embracing  all  the  published  Photo- 
graphic Processes,  and  many  new  Dia* 
coferies  in  the  Art,  &c.  By  Robbbt 
Hunt,  Secretary  of  the  Boyal  Cornwall 
Polytechnic  Society.  8vo. 

The  annual  general  meeting  of  the  14- 
terary  Fund  Society  was  held  on  Wed- 
nesday March  13,  Mr.  B.  B.  Cabbell, 
V.  P.  io  the  chair.  The  reports  read  to 
the  meeting  showed  that  the  pnblie  ara 
beginning  to  appreciate  the  Talna  of  the 
Institution,  and  also  that  the  Committee 
have  responded  liberally  to  the  claims 
made  npon  them  for  assistance.  During 
tiie  past  year  the  sum  of  1,145/.  has  been 
applied  to  the  relief  of  distressed  authors 
in  yarious  departments  of  literature  and 
science,  and  the  total  sum  actually  ap- 
plied to  these  benerolent  purposes,  from 
the  foundation  of  the  charity  in  1788, 
now  amounU  to  30,328/.  Of  the  sum 
Toted  during  the  last  year  there  were  six 
grants  of  50/.  each,  four  of  40/. ,  one  of 
35/.,  six  of  30/.,  two  of  t5/.,  fourteen  of 
20/.,  four  of  15/.  and  eight  of  10/.  Since 
the  last  meeting  the  Duke  of  Sutherland 
has  presided  at  the  anniversary  dinner, 
and  the  Marquess  of  Northampton  has 
consented  to  occupy  the  chair  at  the  en- 
suing anniversary  on  the  8th  of  May. 
The  attendance  of  members  of  the  com- 
mittee had  been  so  rmlar  during  the 
paat  year,  that  no  seata  had  been  vacated 


by  non-attendanoe,  so  that  there  ware 
no  vacancies  to  be  supplied*  The  Mar- 
QOMs  of  Lansdowne  was  re-elected  presi- 
dent, and  the  vice-presidents,  council, 
•ommittta,  and  other  officera  were  alao 
re-elected. 

At  a  general  meeting  of  the  Dooktellert* 
Provident  Institution  on  Thursday,  the 
I4th>  Mr.  Cosmo  Orm.e  in  the  chair,  it 
waa  stated  that  the  society  possesaea 
nearly  13,000/.  of  funded  property,  with 
a  prospect  of  increase.  A  resolution  waa 
passed,  enabling  the  board  of  directors  to 
grant  temporary  or  permanent  assistancB 
to  members  and  their  widows,  under  car- 
tain  regulations!  and  a  sum  not  exceed- 
ing six  pounds  for  funeral  expenses. 

City  of  London  School.  The  corpora<> 
tioD  having  devoted  the  fine  of  400/^aid 
some  years  ago  bF  Mr.  Thomas  T«gg, 
booksdler  and  publisher,  to  be  excused 
from  aervinff  the  office  of  Sheriff,  towarda 
the  establishment  of  an  exhibition  to  one 
of  the  vniversities,  for  the  benefit  of  pupila 
of  the  above  school,  Mr.  Tegg  has  mani- 
fested his  approval  of  such  an  appropria- 
tion by  recently  osaking  an  addition  to 
the  fund  of  100/, ;  and  in  return  the  com- 
mittee of  the  school  have  ^^reed  that  tha 
exhibition  shall  in  future  be  designated. 
«  The  Tegg  scholarship,  or  exhibiUon.'^ 
Mr.  Tegg  has  also  accompanied  his  gif| 
with  a  number  of  valuable  books  for  the 
library. 

Sir  B.  Brodie. — Prince  Canino  (Chariea 
Buonaparte^  and  Sir  Benjamin  Biodia 
ware  elected,  on  the  19th  of  March,  oor<« 
responding  members  of  the  Royal  Academy 
of  Scimces  at  Paris,  Prince  Canino  for 
the  zoologipal,  and  $ir  Benjamia  for  t^ 
swfical  arctioB. 


ARCHITECTURE. 


nrrriTUTB  of  beitxbb  AmenfTECTB. 
March  4.  WiUiam  Tite,  esq.  V.p.  in 
the  chair.  A  paper  was  read  '*  Oa 
the  Architectural  ffomendature  of  the 
Middle  Agrs,*'  by  the  Rev.  R.  Willis. 
This  paper  is  a  portion  of  a  work  on 
which  Prof.  Willis  lias  been  for  some  time 
engaged,  and  in  which  he  proposes  to 
ascertain  the  architectural  terms  of  the 
middle  ages,  and  to  trace  the  origin  of 
many  technical  words  in  use  at  the  present 
day.  The  Itinerary  of  William  of  Wor- 
cester contains  many  examplea  of  anoh 
terms  M  were  in  um  in  tb#  filUeaft  MR* 


tvy,  especially  in  a  detailed  deacrfptlon 
of  the  churches  of  St.  Stephen  and  St. 
Mary  Redcliffe,  at  Bristol—but,  although 
thia  doc«ment  has  long  been  in  print, 
nobody  has  hitherto  carefully  compared 
the  descriptions  with  the  existing  build- 
inn — a  proceas  to  which  they  have  been 
submitted  by  Prof.  Willis  with  satisfac- 
tory results,  the  coincidence  being  found 
peifect.  With  regard  to  the  terms  ap- 
plied to  the  members  of  classical  archi- 
tecture in  the  jpresent  day,  few  are  found 
of  daasical  origin  in  Any  language  in  Eu- 
rope, the  architecti  and  writera  of  $hf 


1844.] 


Arehiticfurt. 


40r 


Reaafiiatief  liif'ing  ifeneralty  applied  the 
temii  in  common  use,  with  the  exception 
of  Albert!,  who  affecletl  to  call  everythinij 
bf  a  new  namff  itid  invented  for  him  self 
A  Latin  nomenclature  which  haa  never 
been  Atlnptffd.  Of  th«  Vitmmn  terms 
few  hfive  been  retained,  since  h\s  e^rlf 
trftnAlatorn,  being  for  the  mcist  part  prme* 
ticil  men,  and  writing  for  practical  men, 
hate  nfitnrally  made  nse  of  their  own  me- 
dfftval  words,  applying  them  to  the  classi- 
cal moaldingfl.  In  factf  the  namea  of 
motildingj  to  be  picked  otit  of  VitrntnuB, 
who  has  not  written  expreaily  on  the  sub- 
ject,  are  neither  complete  nor  T«ry  intel- 
ligible^ and  a  difitiniticiin  is  to  be  midtf 
between  the  name*  he  applies  to  mould*' 
jn^rs  derived  from  tbfir  form  *nd  thow 
which  are  due  to  their  place  or  mode  of 
combination.  These  terms  Prof.  Willii 
calU  the  teefjona/  tad  funethnal  nnrnes^ 
and  much  obictirlty  haj  rented  upon  the 
words  vaed  bj  Vitfnviui  from  inattentiod 
to  thli  point.  The  Doniemilature  in  use 
in  England  at  the  present  day  is  of  a  very 
mixed  character,  and  has  arisen  from  the 
different  media,  Italian,  Fre&eh,  or 
Dutch,  through  which  a  knowledge  of  the 
great  masters  reached  ua  during  the  se^ 
▼eateenth  centuiy. 

OXFORD    AmCHltECT^aAL   SOOIftT, 

FeA.  58.  The  Rev.  the  Rector  of 
Eieter  Cnllegie  in  the  chair.  Drawing* 
of  a  Lectern  in  Bljth burgh  church, 
Norfolk,  a  Poors'  Box  in  Cawston  church, 
Norfolk,  and  n  »lnguiar  early  English 
Piscina  across  an  angle  in  Btyford  Church, 
Norfolk,  were  presented  by  the  Rev, 
R.  M.  White,  D.D.,  of  Magdalene  coll. ; 
and  engravings  of  the  church  a»d  j^chool 
of  Garsington,  Oxfordi^hire  (the  wood- 
blocks), by  the  Rev.  the  Prewdent  of  Tri- 
nity College, 

A  letter  waa  rttid  from  the  Rev.  G* 
Costar,  Archdeacon  of  New  Brunswick, 
acknowledging  n  present  of  the  publica- 
tiona  of  the  Society  and  eiprt^ng  a  warm 
interest  in  its  proceedings.  The  Chair- 
man took  this  opportonity  again  to  call 
the  attention  of  the  Society  to  the  subject 
of  designs  for  wooden  churcbea  for  tha 
Colonies. 

A  communication  was  rend  from  C. 
Winston,  efq.  on  the  Chape!  at  Roael,  in 
the  istand  of  Jersey,  a  small  and  interest- 
ing early  structure,  which  had  long  been 
desecrated^  and  has  lately  been  restored 
with  much  care  and  skill  by  the  proprietor, 
Mr.  Lcmpriere,  under  the  direction  of 
Mr.  Winston.  A  nnmber  of  drawings 
illustrating  the  chape!  in  vanoos  staget 
of  the  work  were  banded  round  the  room. 

Mr.  Parker  also  read  a  description  of 
BfiMilaifligU  Charcbr  Berkt ,  a  small  oblong 


structure,  mostly  of  Decorated  work,  with 
a  good  east  window,  baring  a  cinque- 
foiled  inner  arch  ;  and  a  bell-gable  for 
two  bells  at  the  west  end.  This  pApeff 
was  also  illustrated  by  drawings. 

A  drawing  of  a  rood-screen  in  Swordet- 
Ion  Church,  near  Norwicfat  was  pre- 
iented  by  W.  H.  Stanton,  esq.  Exerer 
college,  and  a  short  account  of  it  read. 
This  roodJoft  is  connected  with  tbe  roof 
by  a  boarded  partition,  which  appeart 
be  contemporary  with  it ;  other  instABoe#] 
of  tbe  same  arrangement  were  mentioned. 

Tbe  chairmau  called  the  attention  of 
the  meeting  to  the  British  Arcbeologicol 
Aeoociation.  lately  eRtablisbed  in  London, 
and  recommended  it  to  the  notice  of  the 
members  as  likely  to  be  a  useful  ceutral 
point  of  communication  for  ail  the  local 
iodeties. 

Marck  13.     A  paper  was  read  by  Mr. 
Addiogton  on   the  churchy  bostpital,  and 
school  Bt    Ewelme,   Oxfordshirv.     Tbeitf  i 
were  all  built  in  the  reign  of  Henry  Vf^j 
by  William  De  la  Pole,  Duke  of  Suffolk^  J 
and  Alice  his  widow,  daughter  of  TUomae  j 
and  Matilda  Chaucer,  who«e  rich  tombf  1 
are  in  the  chapel  belonging  to  the  hospital] 
on  the  south  side  of   the  chancel.     Tht 
church  is  a  good  apecimen  of  the  Perpen- 
dicular style,  and  has   been  carefully  re* 
Stored,  chiefly  by  the  late  Dr.  Bmton  j 
\Xa  most  prominent  features  are  the  font 
with  its  fine  pyramidical  cover,  and   the 
richly  panelled  doors  and  porchea  ;  the 
chapel  of  the  botpitat  is  also  highly  in* 
teresttitf  ;  tbe  decorations  have  been  care- 
fully  restored  under  the  direction  of  tbe 
present   master,  Dr.  Kidd.     The  church. 
ia  fitted  with  open  seats,  in  the  old  styles] 
and   it  is  gratifying  to  observe  that  the 
present  incombeDt  is  following   up   the 
work  BO  well  begun  by  Dr.  Burton.    Tbe 
hospital  and  sehool-house  are  good  ei- 
amples  of  tbe    brick- work    of  the  15th 
eentury,  and  would  be  useful  as  examplei  1 
for  parsonage  bouses,  ice*    This    pa  perl 
was  illustrated  by  a  number  of  drawings^  ' 
ieveral  of  which  were  the  originals  pre. 
pared    for     Skeltou^s     Oxfordshire,    by 
Mackenxie,  which   were   kindly  lent  for 
the  occasion  by  the  Rev.  U.  Welles  ley. 

Mr.  Rooke  of  Oriel  college  read  m 
short  account  of  the  desecrated  chapel  in 
Broad-street,  Oxford,  usually  called  St, 
Katharine's,  but  which  Mr.  Rooke  shewed, 
from  the  sculptures  remaining  o\4-r  the 
door  representing  the  Annunciation,  must 
have  been  dedicated  in  honour  of  tbe 
Virgin  Mary. 

Mr.  Feild,  the  fiiihop  elect  of  Nevr. 
foundlaod,  who  waa  present,  reqtiested 
that  any  practical  information  r>n  the 
subject  of  wooden  ehurchos  might  b% 
forwarded  to  him. 


408 


Archiiecture 


CAMBRTDOS  CAMDEN  SOCIBTT. 

Feb.  U.  The  Report  from  the  Com- 
mittee on  re-assembling  alter  the  vaca- 
tion stated  a  further  increase  of  members 
and  employment,  especially  in  the  con- 
lideration  of  designs  for  new  churches, 
forwarded  for  examination  bj  architects 
or  building  committees;  the  receipt  of 
namerous  presents  of  books,  &c.  and  of 
about  forty  church  schemes. 

The  Committee  of  Restoration  of  St. 
Sepulchre's  church,  Cambridge,  haying 
at  length  brought  their  labours  to  a  close, 
on  the  last  day  of  the  past  year  handed 
it  over  ready  for  dirine  service  to  the 
parish  authorities.  By  the  extent  and 
character  of  the  works  far  exceeding  their 
first  expectations,  such  as  the  enlargement 
of  one  aisle,  the  entirely  new  erection  of 
another  (whereby  the  accommodation  has 
been  extended  bejond  the  actual  necessi- 
ties of  the  parish),  the  addition  of  a  bell- 
tnrret,  breaking  up  the  unsightly  uni- 
formity of  the  rest  of  the  building,  the 
tntire  fitting  of  the  church  with  open 
feats,  and  other  necessary  furniture, 
canred  in  oak,  and  the  insertion  of  the 
beautiful  east  window,  none  of  which 
additions  were  included  in  the  original 
undertaking,  the  Committee  have  involved 
themselves  in  a  debt  of  at  least  1600/. 
which  they  have  incurred  in  avowed  reli- 
ance  on  the  public  sympathy,  and  which 
they  have  nothing  to  trust  to  now  but  the 
public  assistance,  and  especially  the  active 
eo-operatton  of  the  members  of  this  society. 

Mr.  G.  Place,  architect,  of  Nottingham, 
exhibited  some  very  beautiful  sections  and 
elevations  of  the  chancel  of  All  Saints, 
Hawton,  Notts,  which  elicited  the  warm 
approbation  of  the  members  present. 

An  elaborate  paper  on  Stone  Vaulting 
was  then  read  by  C.  J.  EUicott,  esq.  B.A. 
of  St.  John's  College,  in  which  he  inves- 
tigated the  rules  of  construction  and  the 
chronological  developement  of  that  kind 
of  roof,  supporting  his  views  by  reference 
to  very  numerous  examples. 

^.  A.  Paley,  esq.  M.A.  Hon.  Sec.  read 
part  of  a  paper  on  the  Mouldings  of 
Pointed  Architecture,  illustrated  by  a  very 
large  collection  of  full-sized  sections  of 
bases  and  capitals. 

March  5.  It  was  announced  that  the 
Committee  have  entered  into  an  arrange- 
ment in  connection  with  Mr.  Butterfield 
for  the  publication  of  a  series  of  working 
drawings  of  church  ornaments  and  details, 
which  will  be  drawn  by  that  gentleman 
under  the  superintendence  of  the  Society, 
and  issued  by  Mr.  Van  Voorst,  of  London, 
in  periodical  numbers,  consisting  of  sheets 
of  quarto  size. 

.  The  Society  received  as  presents  from 

^e  Rev.  J.J.  Smith,  a  valuable  series  of 

►rking  drawing!  of  St.  Mary,  Newport, 


rAprii, 

Essex;  and  several  interesting  sketchei 
from  C.  R.  Manning,  esq.  and  Mr.  PUce 
of  Nottingham. 

A  paper  communicated  by  the  Rev    W 
Airy,  M.A.,  Trinity  CoUege,  conUined  ai^ 
account  of  observations  as  to  the  orieota. 
tion  of  25  churches  in  Bedfordshire.    The 
facts  thus  adduced  seemed  to  show  satis 
factorily  that  the  theory  of  Festival  Orien- 
tation could  not  be  supported  by  the  ex- 
amples of  the  churches  in  this  district 
The  Rev.  H.  Goodwin  made  seTeral  rel 
marks,  showing  the  imporUnce  of  paTinc 
close  attention  to  the  dates  of  buildings  is 
taking  these  observations.      Mr.    Airr^b 
tabular  arrangement  of  the  results  of  his 
investigations  was   recommended  as  the 
best  form  for   registering  the   facts  re- 
ported in  connection  with  this  subject" 
The  table  presented  in  paraUel  columo^ 
the  dedication,  date  of  dedication,  festi- 
val, place  of  sunrise,  real  bearing  of  the 
church,  day  of  wake  or  parish  feast,  and 
observations. 

A  paper  was  then  read  by  the  Rey.  P. 
Freeman,  M.A.,  Fellow  and  Tutor  of  St! 
Peter's  College,  on   the    history  of  the 
church  of  the  Holy  Sepulchre  at  Cam- 
bridge.    He  deduced  the  origin  of  round 
churches  from  the  existence  of  circular 
temples,  such  as  the  Pantheon,  to  which 
Constontine's  church  of  the  Resurrection 
bore  a  great  resemblance.    He  then  de- 
scribed the  symbolism  of  the  Pantheon 
and  quoted  the  Venerable  Bede  with  re- 
spect to  the  vaulting  of  round  churches. 
The  church  of  the  Holy  Sepulchre,  in 
Cambridge,  is  the  oldest  of  the  four  re- 
maining in  England.     It  was  consecrated 
in  the  year  1101,  seventeen  years  before 
the  institution  of  the  order  of  the  Knights 
Templars.     No  evidence  remained  that 
the  church  was  ever  connected  with  that 
order ;  and  in  the  course  of  the  excava- 
tions in  the  interior  nothing  was  found  at 
all  resembling  the  sepulchral  remains  in 
the     Temple     Church,     London.      The 
church,  therefore,  was  probably  founded 
by  some  one  interested  in  the  recovery 
of  the  Holy  Sepulchre,  and  for  the  pur- 
pose  of  providing  constant  prayers  for  the 
success  of  the  Crusades.     It  was  shown 
by  examples  that  the  name  "  Jewry/*  tn- 
ditionally  used  for  this  parish,  arose  proba- 
bly from  the  circumstance  that  the  model 
of  the  Holv  Sepulchre  existed  within  it. 
The  legend  that  the  Venerable  Bede  once 
lived  in  this  parish  is  commemorated  by  a 
stained  glass  votive  window,  representing 
the  saint  in  the  restored  edifice. 

F.  A.  Paley,  esq.  M.A.  Hon.* Sec.  pro- 
ceeded to  read  the  latter  part  of  a  paper 
on  the  mouldings  of  capitals  and  bases, 
illustrated,  as  was  his  former  paper,  by 
fall- sized  sections. 
Adjourned  to  Taeiday,  April  30th. 


409 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


SOCIKTY  or  ANTIQUARIES. 

Feb.  29.  T.  Arayot,  esq.  Treasurer, 
in  the  choir, 

Aq  account  was  read  of  some  remaias 
found  at  Stowting^  Key'*  They  were 
identified  a.s  Snion^  aad  prove  the  sput  to 
have  bceo  a  Saxon  buriol^^place. 

This  paper  was  followed  by  one  from 
T.  J.  Pettigrew,  esq.  RR,S.  and  F.S.A. 
eoQtamitig  remarks  on  the  t^xtracU  from 
the  old  En|2;IIsh  medical  manuscript  it 
StockhoifUi  commimicated  by  George 
Stephent,  esq.  (ai  mentiotird  in  our 
Feb.  number,  p.  163,)  and  which  Mr. 
Pettigrew  illustrated  by  extractsi  from 
several  similar  manuscripts  preserved  m 
the  British  Muscnm.  He /stated  that 
EngUsh  treatises  on  modidne,  or  rather 
ei^llectionsof  medical  receipts,  are  common 
in  mantwcnpta  of  the  fourteeuth  and  fif- 
teentll  century.  They  were  chierty  fuEindcd 
upon  the  popular  Latin  poem  of  the 
School  of  Salerno,  the  H^gimsn  SanilaiUf 
compuHcd  in  the  eleventh  century.  The 
Stockholm  pnem  relatea  chiefly  to  the 
virfoes  of  herbs,  which  had  so  lar^e  a 
fliore  in  the  common  medicine  of  the  day, 
and  which,  in  order  to  he  effective,  were 
to  he  galliercd  under  certain  infliicncet»  of 
the  planets.  Belief  in  the  particular  effects 
of  certain  positions  of  the  celestial  bodiea, 
not  otily  in  the  core  but  also  in  the  pro. 
ducHon  of  diseases,  was  very  prevaleot, 
and  9o  coniinttes  in  many  parts  of  the 
world,  particBlarly  in  the  East.  \  cer- 
tain knowledge  of  astronomy,  or  rather 
of  aitrology,  was  necessary  to  the  phy- 
sician, because  he  was  guided  by  it  in  the 
time  and  manner  of  letting;  bloond,  and 
other  operations.  Evil  spirits  were  be- 
lieved also  to  exercise  an  eitensiire  agency 
in  producing  di^eates,  and  various  methods 
were  employed  to  drive  them  away  from 
the  patient.  Betony,  goldilower,  pim- 
perneKle,  motherwort,  vervain,  henbane , 
and  other  plants,  were  very  efficient  for 
this  purpose.  Some  of  the  remedies  are 
of  a  singular  nature.  For  dropsy,  th rice- 
three  earth -worms  with  their  heads  cut 
off,  immersed  in  holy  water  in  which 
sugar  or  liquorice  is  to  be  dissolved,  are 
r^ommended  to  be  taken  daily  for  nine 
days.  Numerical  and  other  charms  are 
very  common  in  these  treatises.  Charms 
were  particularly  employed  against  ve- 
nom, tooth -ache,  jaundice,  hemorrhage, 
fevers,  epilepsy,  Ike, ;  and  Mr.  Pettigrew 
accounts  for  thetr  being  in  many  cases 
efficadous  through  the  inflaence  exerted 
by   the    mind  over  the  functions  of  the 

Gest,  Mao,  Vol.  XXI, 


body^  and  thiti  efficacy  was  of  cotirse  in 
proportion  to  the  ignorance  of  the  age  in 
which  they  were  used* 

March  7.     Mr.  Amyot  in  the  chair. 

An  important  memoir  was  read,  on  the 
origin  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter,  by  Sir 
Harris  Nicolas,  K.G.M^G.  The  circum- 
stances  have  been  already  discussed  by 
this  author  tn  his  History  of  the  British 
Orders  of  Knighthood  ;  but  he  has  been 
induced  to  go  over  the  ground  again »  in 
consequence  of  the  discoveries  he  has 
made  in  the  royal  household  books.  We 
must  reserve  the  particulars  to  a  future 
opportunity. 

March  14.  Lord  Viscount  Mahon,  V.P, 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected 
Fellows  of  the  Society  :  Dr.  Bamett, 
M.D.  of  Chcsham  Place  ;  James  Dcnrden, 
of  the  Orchard,  Rochdale,  esq.  formerly 
of  St.  John's  collegei  Cambridge,  and 
barriiter-at-law  ;  the  Rev.  Abr^diam 
Hume,  of  Liverpool;  and  James  Nicholson, 
esq.  of  Thelwall  llall,  near  Warrington. 

It  was  announced  that  the  second 
volume  of  the  Great  Rolls  of  the  Ex- 
chequer of  Normandy,  edited  for  the 
Society  by  Thomas  SUpleton,  esq.  F.S.A. 
and  which  completes  the  work,  is  now 
ready  for  delivery, 

Mr.  E*  B.  Price  exhibited  rubbings  of 
two  remarkable  sepulchral  braases. 

Albin  Martin,  esq.  exhibited  a  col- 
lection of  glass  vessels  popularly  called 
lachrymatories,  discovered  in  the  Elysian 
fields  near  Naples,  and  several  ancle  fit 
lamps  of  terra  cotta  from  a  burinl  place 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  CumK.  Also 
sketches  in  oil  of  the  following  classic 
localities :  the  plain  in  which  Pompeii 
and  Stabia  were  situated  ;  Fuzxuoli,  the 
ancient  Puteoli,  where  St.  Paul  landed 
on  his  way  to  Rome  after  his  shipwreck 
at  Melita;  the  site  of  the  villa  of  Lucul- 
lus  ;  view  of  the  Lago  d'Agnano,  near 
the  Lucrine  lake,  still  remorkable  for  its 
warm  sulphureous  baths.  The  exhibition 
was  accom]ianied  by  a  paper  by  A*  J, 
Kempe,  esq.  F.S.A.  shewing  that  the 
vessels  inform  of  a  tear  were,  probably, 
genuine  tear  bottles,  and  that  the  practice 
of  depositing  lamps  in  tombs  was  con- 
tinued by  the  Romans  after  Christianity 
had  been  embraced,  and  burning  of  the 
dead  disused. 

The  remainder  was  then  read  of  Sir 
Harris  Nicolas's  paper  above  meotioned. 

March  31,     Mr.  Amyot  in  the  chair. 

Atnong  the  presents  received  was  a 
handsome  work  on  the  ancient  srchi- 
ZG 


410 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


[April, 


tectnre  and  monuments  of  Saxony,  en- 
titled, Denkmale  der  Baukunst  det  Mit- 
telalters  in  Sachsen.  It  was  accompanied 
with  a  letter  from  the  author,  Dr.  L. 
Pnttrich,  stating  that,  having  studied  what 
has  been  published  with  regard  to  similar 
remains  in  England,  he  had  obserred  a 
great  correspondency  with  those  of  Ger- 
many. His  volumes  consist  of  numerous 
plates  in  lithography. 

Edward  Blore,  esq.  F.S.A.  presented 
eiterior  and  interior  views  of  the  ancient 
rvfectory  at  Great  Malvern,  which  appears 
to  have  been  wholly  constructed  of  wood^ 
including  the  windows,  which  were  square- 
beaded,  but  had  very  elegant  tracery. 
The  roof  was  high  pitched,  and  hand- 
somely ornamented.  Tliis  very  curious 
structure  was  wantonly  demolished  in 
1841  by  a  speculative  tradesman,  and  it 
is  believed  no  other  representatioDS  of  it 
than  Mr.  Dlore*s  have  been  preserved. 

J.  A.  Cahusac,  esq.  exhibited  some 
antiquities  found  at  Stony  Stratford,  con- 
listing  of  three  spears,  an  arrow-head,  and 
two  Roman  coins,  one  of  them  of  the 
emperor  Constantine. 

H.  C.  Harford,  esq.  communicated  an 
account  of  some  ruins,  supposed  to  be 
Roman,  excavated  at  Preston,  near  Wey- 
mouth ;  and  exhibited  several  of  the  re- 
mains found  there,  consisting  of  great 
iron  bars,  swords.  He,  We  believe  the 
discovery  to  be  the  same  as  that  described 
by  Mr.  Wame  in  our  Feb.  No.  p.  185. 

John  Gough  Nichols,  esq.  F.S.A. 
communicated  some  remarks  on  a  Patent 
appointing  Edward  Duke  of  Somerset 
Governor  of  King  Edward  the  Sixth, 
Protector  of  the  realm,  and  Lieutenant 
and  Captain. general  of  the  wars.  This 
important  document,  which  is  now  in  the 
possession  of  William  Staunton,  esq.  of 
Longbridge  House,  near  Warwick,  bears 
the  sign-manual  of  the  King  and  of  sixty- 
two  other  persons,  and  Mr.  Nichols  shewed 
that  it  received  the  signatures  of  the 
peers  in  the  House  of  Lords  on  the  laat 
day  of  the  first  session  of  King  Edward's 
Parliament.  It  appears  never  to  have 
passed  the  great  seal,  its  progress  having 
Deen  stajed  after  the  breaking  up  of  the 
Parliament.  Its  most  remarkable  feature 
is  a  clause  declaring  the  tenure  of  the 
Duke's  high  office  to  be  terminable  at  the 
King's  pleasure  expressed  in  writing  under 
the  great  seal ;  whilst  in  the  patent  under 
which  the  office  was  actually  held,  and 
which  is  printed  in  Burnet's  History  of 
the  Reformation,  the  term  of  the  Duke's 
regency  was  to  be  commensurate  with  the 
King's  minority,  which  the  late  King's 
will  bad  fixed  to  the  age  of  eighteen. 


NUMISMATIC  80CIBTT. 

#>d.  22.  Lord  Albert  Conyogham, 
President,  In  the  chair. 

Read,  1.  A  paper  by  Samuel  Birch,  esq. 
on  some  unedited  coins,  chiefly  of  Asia 
Minor. 

The  chief  of  these  are  as  follows  : 

(1)  Pergamut  and  SardU. 

Obv.  nEPrAMHNON  KAI  2APMA. 
NON.  A  bearded  male  figure  on  the 
right,  crowning  another.  Rev.  CEB AC- 
TON   KE«A.\IQN     rPAMMATEYON. 

Figure  in  a  temple.    Brass. 

The  two  figures  represent  the  people  of 
Pergamus  and  Sardis  in  alliance.  The 
reverse  relates  to  the  ereetion  of  a  temple 
to  Augustus,  an  event  recorded  by  Tacitus. 
The  epoch  of  this  coin  Mr.  Bireh  thinks 
is  that  of  Domitian  or  Nerva. 

(S)  Bagtt  Lydia.  A  town  of  which 
little  is  knoiai. 

Obv.  Effigies  and  titles  of  Severus.  Rev. 
Em  TAIOY  APXONTOC  BAPHNON. 
Horseman  darting  a  javelin  at  two  bearded 
barbarians ;  before.  Mars ;  behind,  Pallas. 

This  coin  is  probably  Intended  to  record 
the  campaign  of  Sererus  in  the  East, 
when,  with  his  sons  Gets  and  Caracalla, 
he  conquered  Seleucia,  Babylon,  &c.  and 
entered  Parthia.  The  Caius  who  was 
archer  under  Severus  appears  on  the 
contemporaneous  eoins  of  Geta. 

(3)  Four  coins  of  Blaundus  in  Lvdla. 

Buundns,  of  which  little  was  known, 
was  previously  ascertained  to  have  been  a 
colony  of  Macedonians ;  one  of  these  un- 
edited coins  shews  that  it  was  also  of  the 
Phoenicians.  Another  of  them,  struck 
under  the  archonship  of  Anrelius  Timo- 
theus,  offers  the  myth  of  Hercules  and 
Geryon  in  an  Asiatic  version. 

A  coin  of  Aphrodisias  Cari»  presents 
on  the  reverse  a  philosopher  seated,  and 
extending  the  right  hand  as  if  speaking ; 
legend  A«PO^..CIEQN. 

This  coin,  Mr.  Birch  observes,  enables 
tis  to  add  another  personage  to  the  Greek 
iconography.  The  figure  seated  appears 
to  represent  Apollonius  of  Aphromsias, 
scattered  notices  of  whose  works  are  all 
that  have  been  preserved.  He  was  proba- 
blr  the  high  priest  of  this  city.  The 
otner  coins  brought  before  the  Society  by 
Mr.  Birch  are  of  EumeniaPhrygice,  Hiera- 
polis,  Aesanes,  and  Dionysopolis  Phrygis, 
TYberiopolis  Phrygia,  Meonia  Lydise, 
Tkbse  Cariie,  he. 

2.  A  letter  from  W.  B.  Dickinson,  esq. 
in  further  elucidation  of  some  points  in 
his  former  communication  on  Afirican 
Ring  Money  and  Jewel  Currency. 

Mr.  John  Wilkinson  was  elected  a 
member. 


PROCEEDINGS 

Hat/SB  OF  Loftj)«. 

t,.f'**  ^^'  ^^^  ^^^^^^  ^^  Richjnond's 
Bill  to  iiiilemnify  witfieaaes  g'vi'ig  evi- 
dence on  Che  Gambling  Aeti  Bill,  wm 
rend  a  third  time  bnd  passed. 

March  I.  Lord  Brftutjhttm  moved  for 
copies  of  tbe  corre«poiiderice  wiiieh  htid 
takijn  place  between  the  British  mi&aion- 
mea  and  the  Government,  aince  the  lute 
prc>ceedm|i«  of  the  Frei?cb at  Tahiti.  To 
this  the  Earl  of  Aherdttn  at&ented,  and 
roiimfked  that  the  disavowal  of  the  pi  o* 
ceediri^fsof  M.  Dn|ietit  Thotiars  by  the 
trench  Govenimem  was  entirely  spun- 
taneous,  and  did  not  proceed  from  any 
remonstrance  from  England. 

March  II.  On  the  presentation  of  a 
petition  from  Somerietshire  by  the  Eart 
of  Radnor,  praying  fof  the  removal  of  all 
duties  on  the  necessaries  of  life,  the  Duke 
ol  Weiimff(on  said,  that  he  had  not  at  all 
changed  his  opinion  on  the  subject  of  this 
petition,  "I  voted  for  the  Coun-Law 
^aaid  he),  and  J  earnestly  tevomrnend  your 
LordshipR  to  leave  it  as  it  is,ar»d  maintain 
that  sysrein  whieh  it  is  the  objeet  of  the 
corn4aw  to  carry  into  eiecution," 

HotTiK  or  CoimoKs. 

Ft&,  23.  The  Poor  J*aw  Amendment 
Bill  was  reod  a  second  time, 

Fad,  86,  In  a  Committee  of  Supply^ 
the  Houte  voted  that  3<j,000  men  be 
employed  in  the  Navy  till  March,  1&16, 
and  a  sum  of  1,700,476/.  for  the  payment 
of  WB^es. 

Fet.  29.  liord  Wortletf  brought  in  a 
Bill  to  '*  facilitate  the  Inclosure  and  Im- 
provement of  CoMJioNS  and  Lands  held 
in  eommon;  (he  eichan^e  of  landif»  and 
the  division  of  intermixed  lands  ;  to  pro* 
vide  remedies  for  the  defective  eiecu. 
tioiis  and  for  the  non-execuiions  of  the 
pow«fi  of  general  and  local  Inclosure 
Acte,  and  to  provide  for  the  revival  of 
•urfi  po^vers  in  certain  caies.*'  His  Lord- 
thip  Baid  ibat  the  reault  of  the  measure 
would  he  to  provide  increase<I  employ- 
ment for  the  agricultural  poor ;  while  at 
the  same  time  the  future  recreations  of 
that  class  would  be  attended  to.  The 
fiuantity  of  waste  land  in  England  is 
l,3j8.il&  acres,  and  in  Wale^  5'*'  ^l  'i 

Maixh  4.     In  a  C^mmlt*^- 
it  was  proposed  that  th- 
sist  of  l(M),2«Ji5  •* 
reduce  thii  oui 


dvad  by  114  to  Id.  The  Tott  waa  then 
agreed  to,  as  wa«  also  the  sum  naoeuar/ 
for  the  maiiiienane«  of  this  fore*. 

March  6.  Mr.  W.  Wtliuim*  moved 
**  that  no  motiofii  if  opposed,  aball  be 
brought  on  and  diseusaed  in  ibis  liouae 
after  mtd-nigbL^'  The  motion  was  nega* 
tived  by  a  majority  of  116  to  16. 

March  G.  In  a  Committee  on  the 
County  CoaoKEaB*  Bill,  it  wus  ugreed 
that  coroners  should  receive  one  shilling 
per  mile  for  tfavelling  expeuseit,  instead 
of  nine  pence. 

March.  H,  The  Chane*lior  qf  the  Rx- 
chequer  ro^^e,  and  after  c:ipbiining  that  a 
lit  opportunity  now  occurred,  in  eonse* 
quence  of  the  Uirge  amount  ot  unemployed 
eapitat,  for  the  reduction  ot  ihc  iiiteret^t 
on  the  National  Debt,  »aid — Tbe  debt  we 
have  to  deal  with  on  this  occasion  amounts 
to  nearly  jtr^5(J,lKJO.0Oar  and  consists  of 
four  several  kinds  of  stock.  The  firtt  ia 
the  3^  per  cent,  stock,  originally  created. 
in  1818,  which  i&  the  foundation  of  stoclcl 
of  this  deMtription,  and  amounta  tO 
iflO,U(X»,(KM),  The  next  is  the  reduced 
3\  per  cents.,  being  a  stock  which  waa 
first  eetablialted  in  17(iO,  originally  as  a 
four  per  cent,  stock,  addad  to  at  varioui 
nerioda,  and  reduced  to  3^  per  cent,  in 
16S4,  when  Lord  Hipon  was  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer.  It  amounted  to 
j£'<57,aOO,UOO.  The  next  in  the  H  per 
cents. »  originally  founded  in  17Hi,  at  5  , 
per  cent.,  and  which  has,  in  the  gradual 
prepress  of  the  country,  the  growth  of  ' 
capital,  and  confidence  in  our  own  re- 
sources,  undergone  two  several  reductions 
— one  in  1822.  when  Mr.  Vansittart  waa 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  from  5  per 
cent,  to  i ;  and  the  other  in  1830,  when 
I  had  the  honour  of  holding  the  oihce  I 
now  till,  and  when  it  w*as  further  reduced 
to  34  per  cent.,  at  which  it  hus  ever  since 
remained.  The  last  fttock  is  the  one 
called  the  old  ^\  per  cent.,  which  was  an 
Irisb  stock,  created  in  17tH7,aiid  had  been 
from  time  to  time  augmented  to  the  aunt 
of  i;l4»(K)0,UUU;  the  whole  amount  of 
these  stock*  was  jt^4£r,HU),0U0,  or,  in 
round  numbers,  nearly  the  amount  I  at 
first  stated.  I  have  recommended  that 
fl:>:  same  rule  should  hv  applied  to  all 
«tjockfi.  and  that  the  ridtu  tion  of  \ 
he  made  at  once  u|>an  the 
^^fy  holder  of  jtlOOJ 
'  b«  ttllowed  a  Wu$  j 


4 


412 


Proceedings  in  ParliamCfit. 


[April, 


sum  in  a  new  3|  pev  cent.  Ktotk,  upon 
which  34  per  cent*  interest  wotild  be  ptiid 
until  the  1 0th  of  Oetober,  l&St,  HTid  from 
that  date  the  interest  would  be  only  3  per 
cent.,  with  ii  guarantee,  however,  thut 
there  should  be  no  further  reduction  for 
30  years  from  that  period  ;  the  arrange 
ment  to  be  curried  out  as  usual,  the  holders 
being  allowed  a  limited  time  to  exprets 
their  dissent.  If  lie  sycceedtd  in  carry- 
ing out  this  financial  operiition,  he  calcu* 
Inted  upon  effecting  ati  immedtnte  saving  to 
the  public  of  £624tKK>a  ycur,  nnd  a  firrtber 
saving  of  £625/X)IJ  ill  1864;  making  a  total 
laving  of  £l,250,(XM>a  year,  without  any 
disturbance  u(  the  public  interests,  and 
^vitbout  any  augmeiitution  of  the  cupital 
of  tbe  debt.  It  was  al&o  bis  intention  to 
effuntixc  the  paymentj^  of  the  dividends  at 
each  quarter  of  the  year,  so  as  to  prevent 
thutdemngement  tn  mane tary affairs  which 
tbe  present  inequality  contjfiually  occa- 
sions.— Mr.  F.  Baring  felt  great  sutisfac- 
tion  in  concurring  with  the  proposition. — 
Sir  J.  R.  Rtid,  Mr.  P.  M,  Stewart,  Sir 
/.  Ea^thope,  Mr*  WHHams,  and  other 
MemK^rs,  also  expressed  their  gratitica. 
tion  at  the  proposition. 

March  1 1 .  Oti  a  report  of  supply^  on 
tbe  resolution  for  tbe  payment  of  pensions 
to  Officers*  Widows  being  read,  Mr.  /Jiin- 
com^e  moved  for  a  copy  of  any  letter  or 
correapondence  that  had  psssed  between 
the  Secretary-at-War  and  tbe  widow  of 
tbe  late  Lieut. -Colonel  Fawcett,  relative 
to  tbe  withholding  of  u  pcn§ion  from  that 
kdy,  a  proceeding  he  characterised  as  a 
great  hardship, — Sir  H,  Uardingfi  de- 
fended tbe  rt'tusal  of  tlic  pension,  not 
u^n  general  grounds,  but  upon  the  spe- 
cial circumi^tuiice!)  of  the  ciinv,  piirticnlarly 
the  near  relationship  of  tbe  nartie^^  the 
slightiics!^  of  the  anront,  and  the  preei- 
pitaucy  of  the  hoable  meeting.     Those 


circumstances  continued  to  torm  in  hi* 
mind  a  Hiifficicnt  reason  for  the  resolution 
he  had  taken.  Her  Majesty  had  now 
authorized  bim,  with  a  view  of  repressing 
the  practice  of  Duelling,  to  introduce  sn 
alterution  in  the  next  articiea  of  war, 
which,  he  trusted,  would  effectually  dis- 
courage it.  Tbe  main  scope  of  that  alter- 
ation was,  to  enjoin  that  apologies  «bouId 
be  frankly  made  and  frankly  accepted » and 
that,  when  the  matter  coy  Id  not  otberwtac 
be  accommodated,  it  f^hould  be  referred 
to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  regiment. 
J f  this  kind  of  arbitrament  vi^ere  estub* 
lished  in  the  army,  he  try  Med  that  a  like 
recourse  would  be  adopted  in  private  life* 
and  that  this  crime  and  folly  would  Ns 
inally  at>olished.  He  must  confess »  how^ 
over,  that  tbe  remedy  would  apply  only 
to  cases  between  officers  being  both  on 
whole  pay, 

March  12.  Mr,  Cobden  moved  for  a 
S4?lect  committee  to  inquire  into  the  efTecta 
of  Protective  duliej^  on  Imports  upon  the 
interests  of  the  tenant  farmers  and  tbe 
farm  labourers  of  this  country.  Mr.  (J tad' 
stone  opposed  tbe  motion  on  the  ground 
thac  the  subjects  were  so  many  and  hetc* 
rogeneous  that  no  Committee  ecu  Id  u^e* 
fully  deal  with  tbem.  After  some  dis- 
cussion, a  diviiiton  took  place,  A  yea  133, 
Noes  224. 

March  13.  The  Commons  iKci-osnuL 
Bill  was  read  a  second  time  after  a  divi- 
aion,  Ayes  70,  Noes  23. 

March  18,  In  Committee  on  the  Fac- 
TOHiF.s  Bill  a  division  took  place  on  th«> 
qufstion  whether  tbe  word  "  night  *' 
should  lie  (akento  mean  from  eight  in  the 
evening  to  six  on  the  following  moniitig, 
or  from  iix  in  the  evening  i  the  Cuui- 
mittee  divided  in  favour  of  six  by  a  ma- 
jority of  161  to  i.sa 


FOREIGN   NEWS. 


FEAKCE. 

In  the  Chamber  of  Deputies  on  the  2d 
of  March  a  long  debate  took  place  rela- 
tive to  tb«  fort i Heat ion»  of  l^ris.  The 
srgnitientt  of  tbe  motion  may  be  thus 
8tniiini?d  up.  In  1S41  a  law  was  made 
for  the  fortification  of  tbe  capital,  allow- 
ing  a  continued  wall  and  detach^  forta 
in  connection  with  that  wall.  Not  with* 
atanding  thi«  provision,  detached  fortSf 
not  in  connection  with  I  he  tncrinic,  have 
been  erected^ some  (if  theni  ot  immense 
extent,  and  r«" -i*  *  ""»  mily  of  stopping 
an  enemy  ui  -  on  the  eapiulf 

but  of  holdir  ik  and  overawing 

tb«  capital  i\M*M*      lh«  fort  of    Yin. 


cennes,  for  instance,  is  as  Urge  is  t  town 
of  the  third  order,  and  it  has  cost  21 
millions  of  francs.  Others  o(  tbe  de^ 
tached  fortJi  bave  beeti  con»trueted  with- 
out  any  dependence  on  the  city  wall, 
and  the  whole  prcients  a  comhiniitioii  of 
offensive  works  which  oui  bave  no  other 
object  bat  to  hold  ihe  citiacna  of  Paris  in 
control.  Marshal  SouU  labotired  to  show 
that  nothing  had  been  done  illegally,  and 
that  tbe  consent  of  the  Chamber  had 
been  obt^ned  for  all  the  detached  forts« 
lie  affected  to  prove  that  tbi^e  fortt 
were  in  communi<Mtion  and  dependent 
on  tbe  encttntt,  and  that  their  value  wma 
comeqiieiit  on  Um  wbol«  ayiteni  of  dc* 


1844.1 


Foreign  News, 


413 


Teiiee  wh'icb  hud  been  orgariiaedf  in  case 
a  foreign  enemy  should  succeed  m  ad- 
van  dug  near  the  capitaL 

SPAIN, 

The  rocBKures  udopted  by  tbe  Sparjiah 
Govemraeut  for  tbe  suppression  of  tbe 
irtsurrcctioti  are  likely  to  prove  success- 
ful.  Arrestf  continue  tbroiigbout  tbe 
kiiiKdotn.  Gfuenil  RonciiH  bad  opened 
II  b[ittery  of  21  puns  on  v^licant,  which 
fidll  held  oyt,  I'he  Junta  of  Cartbagcna 
bud  declared  that  town  to  be  in  u  state  of 
siege,  and  bad  ordered  all  the  inbabitjint^ 
not  semnK  in  the  milkia  to  deliver  up  their 
arms.  The  attempt  of  the  Eoglisb  and 
French  Consula  to  brinis^  about  an  accom- 
moditttori  between  tbe  Junta  of  Cariha- 
gena  and  tbe  Government  had  ftiiled,  Tbe 
Queen *a  troops,  4^300  in  n umber,  were 
pOHted  half  a  league  from  Carthapena. 
Queen  Isabella,  accompanied  by  General 
Ntirvaez,  two  minister's  of  Rtnte,  and  tbe 
corps  diplomatique t  &c.j  were  to  leave 
Madrid  on  the  0th  Marcb,  to  meet  the 
Queen  Mother.  Queen  Christina's  re- 
ception at  Barcelona  on  tbe  4-tb  was  a 
triumph ;  there  was  great  eutbusinsm, 
and  tbe  town  was  magnificentty  iUumi- 
imtcd . 

PORTUGAL. 

Tbe  insurrection  at  Lisbon  is  at  an 
end.  The  insurgents^  finding  themselves 
wholly  unstipported,  crosscJ  tbe  frontiers 
into  Spaif^  where  orders  bad  been  issued 
to  disarm  and  move  them  inwards, 

LT KITED  STATES. 

A  dreadful  accident  occurred  on  the 
28th  Feb,  on  board  the  Princeton  frigate, 
near  New  York,  during  a  pleuiture  ei^- 
cursion,  and  when  the  T resident  and 
nearly  400  gueaCs  were  on  board ;  in  firing 
a  large  gun  it  exploded  at  the  breach* 
and  killed  the  Secretary  of  StatCi  the 
Secretary  of  tbe  Navy.  V,  Maxey,  eiq. 
Commodore  Ken  yon,  and  a  Mr.  Uard> 
ner,be&idea  woutKling  many  others.  Cap- 
tain Stockton  had  invited  a  party  of  3(X1 
or  4^^)  Indies  and  gentlemen  tooocompany 
him  on  a  pleasure  eiicursion  to  the  Poto> 
niae,    for  the  purpose  of  witneA^iiig  the 

IicrformnHce  ol  the  Princeton,  which  bad 
icen  coniitiucted  on  an  improved  princi- 
ple, wbicb  carries  a  large  Patxhan'a  piece 
of  ordnance,  capable  of  delivering  a  ball 
of  ^IW  lb,  weight.  On  tbe  second  dis- 
charge of  the  gun  it  burst,  killing  or 
wounding  all  who  stood  to  leeward  of  it, 

INDIA. 

Our  armiea  have  entereii  the  territories 
of  Scindia  "  as  friends  and  atltcs  of  the 
Maharajah,"  with  a  determintitiou  to 
* '  protect  bis  rights  and  respect  his  per- 
son/* but  an  cc^ual  determination  to  ^*  in« 


siat  peremptorily  upon   the  adoption  of 
permanent  meai^ures  for  tbe  establishment 
of  order    upon  tbe  frontiers,  and  the  Ju- 
ture  security  of  our  subjects.*'     To  justify 
English  interference  in  tbe  affairs  of  an 
allied  power,  the  Governor- General,  by 
proclamation,  reminded  tbe  peopleof  India 
of  the  treaties  entered  into   between  bis 
predecessors  and  tbe  Inte  Maharajah,  in 
conformity  with  which  we  were  bound  to 
disenthrall  bb  helpless    successor  from 
tbe  complication  of^  violence  and  intrigue 
by  which  he  was  hampered,  not  less  than  ' 
to    punish   the   insults  which  had  been 
offered    to    the    representatives    of    our 
Government   by  tbe  turbulent   chieftains 
of    bis   distracted   kingdom.     An   army, 
under  the  command  of  Sir  Hugh  Go  ugh, 
in    purausnce    of    this    policy,    entered  < 
Gwaltor,  with  a  two-fold  object — first,  to  I 
chastise  tbe  faction  of  the  Dada  Kha«galt  y 
Walla  and  tbe  insurgent  chiefs;  secondf  ] 
to  throw  over  the  imootent  minority  oH 
the  yoting  Mabarajsh  ttie  shield  of  British  ( 
protection.     On  the  29th  of   Deceinhcr  j 
two  severe   battles   were  fought,  one 
Mahurajpoor,   the  other  at   Puuniar,  \n\ 
both  wbicb  our  forces  proved  victorious.  ^ 
In  tbe  former,  between  the  Commauder- 
in* Chief    nnd    tbe  Mahratta  chiefs,   tbe  ^ 
Anglo-Indian  troops  amounted  to  15,01  K)  i 
men,  of  whom  3,000  were  cavalry,  with 
40  guns,      Tbe   Mahrattas  are   said  to 
have  bud  I7,0(X)   men,  of  wbotn   3,000 
were  cavalry,  with  100  pieces  of  artillery^ 
The  condict  terminated  with  a  lofs  on  | 
tbe  part  of  tbe  enemy  of  '3,Wi}  men  and  < 
m  gtins!     The  Hririsb  bad    IM   killed  | 
Bud    some    600    wounded.      Among  tbe 
former  were  Brigadier  Churchill,  Colonel  < 
Sanders,  Major  Oommelin,  Lieuteniintfl  \ 
Newton  and  Leatb,  and    Ensign   Bray.j 
In  the  battle  in  which  General  Grey  wag] 
tbe   victor,  be  w*tts  opposed  to  1^,000  dt\ 
tbe  enemy's  troops,  with  from  21-  to  30  f 
gun?,   with  a  force  of  7,00tJ  men  and  18  ( 
gunf .     The  enemy's  cannon  and  equip- 
ments fell  into   General    Grey's   bands,  j 
His  loss  was  31]  killed  and  181  wounded. 
Among  tbe  former  were  Captainih  Cibber,  J 
Stewart,  and  Magratb.     The  loss  of  the^ 
Mabrnttas  is  supposed  to  have  been  be*  J 
iween  *2,(XX)  and  3,000,     The  British  lose  1 
is  ascribed  to  the  strength  of  tbe  enemy's  ] 
position,  and  to  tbe  number  of  his  guns,  j 
It  must,  however,  be  conceded,  that  t\\.%\ 
determination  with  which  the   iVlabrattu 
maintained  the  conflict  greatly  tended  to  \ 
tbe   result.      Never,    ptihaps,    at    leascJ 
within  the  last  44;  years,  did  an    Anglo„  j 
Indian  army  march  into  tbe  territories  ofl 
a  sovereign  professedly  and   hereditarily | 
our  friend,  to  experience  so  resolute  ani|4 
desperate  a  resistance  as  that  which  thf:! 
Pindaree  subjects  of  our  royal  aUy,  under  ^ 
ihe  cofptnand  of  European  tacdciAns,  op* 


Foreign  Newt.^^Domesfh  Occurrences. 


414 


posed  to  our  g;illant  soldiers.  Our  army 
18  to  be  withdrawn  after  receiving  the 
submieiion  of  the  chiefi,  and  money  to 
defray  the  expenses  uf  the  campaign,  A 
force  sufficient  to  protect  the  person  of 
the  Mabarpjab  and  to  chastise  the  lawless- 
ness  of  the  marauding  hordes  which 
infest  the  frontiers,  will  be  officered  by 
English  commanders. 

TURKEY. 

On,  the  9th  February,   Sir   Stratford 
Canning  delivered  to  the  Turkish  Minis- 


[Aprily 


ter  for  Foreign  Affiurs  »  oopy  of  a  des- 
patch from  his  Government,  requiring  the 
Porte  to  abrogate  the  law  in  virtue  of 
which  Christians,  who  have  profesied 
Mahometanism,  are  put  to  death  if  they 
a^n  embrace  Christianity.  At  the  same 
time,  the  Porte  was  threatened  with  the 
withdrawal  of  the  countenanee  and  pro. 
tection  of  the  British  Govemmenl  ahould 
it  venture  to  reject  the  demand.  Two 
days  after  a  communication  to  the  aame 
effect  was  made  to  the  Turkish  Onbinei 
by  the  representative  of  France. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES, 


Feb,  G,  The  opening  of  the  South- 
Eastern  Railway  between  Folkest4>ne 
and  Pover  was  celebrated  by  a  dinner 
ffiven  by  the  mayor  and  corporation  of 
I)over  to  the  chairman  and  directors  of 
the  company.  This  portion  of  the  line 
presents  some  of  the  most  pleasing  views 
that  are  to  be  witnessed  in  railway  tra- 
velling ;  for  the  greater  part  of  the  dis- 
tance  U  runs  close  to  the  coast,  alternately 
passing  into  deep  cuttings,  over  high  em- 
bankments, rumbling  through  dreary  tun- 
nels, and  anon  gliding  by  the  side  of  bluff 
cliffs  into  a  fine,  bright,  and  calm  sea  view. 
Passing  over  the  viaduct  on  the  London 
side  of  the  Folkestone  station,  the  first 
thing  that  attracts  attention  is  the  Folke- 
stone viaduct,  consisting  of  19  arehes  of  .'JO 
feet  span  each,  with  six  feet  piers  between 
them  ;  it  is  105  feet  high  to  the  surfuce 
of  the  rails,  and  was  built  by  Messrs. 
Grissell  and  Peto.  We  next  arrive  at 
the  Martello  tunnel,  of  about  three  quar- 
ters of  a  mile  in  length.  This  is  suc- 
ceeded by  the  Warren  cutting,  which  is 
the  heaviest  cutting  in  the  whole  line. 
In  some  portions  it  is  120  feet  deep,  and 
10  exceedingly  undulating,  that  in  the  ex- 
tent of  1U()  yards  you  emerge  frtim  a  cut- 
ting uf  130  feet  deep  to  an  embankment 
of  45  feet  in  height.  This  portion  of  the 
line  is  exreedinglv  romantic.  The  Ab- 
bott's  Cliff  tunnel  shortly  succeeds  this 
tremeudous  cutting  i  it  is  one  mile  and  a 
quiirter  in  length,  and  was  built  by  the 
((iii|wny  without  contraot.  It  is  gene- 
rul:y  considered  one  of  the  finest  speoi- 
mens  of  tunnel  brickwork  in  the  kingdom. 
On  leaving  the  Abbot's  Cliff  tunnel  you 
enter  on  the  sea  wall,  which  haa  been 
about  four  years  in  construction  i  it  is 
three  quaitcrs  uf  a  mile  long,  and  between 
60  and  70  feet  in  height.  The  wall  at 
the  (use  is  about  )i3  feet  thick,  and  6  feet 
0  inrheii  at  the  top.  The  foot  of  the  wall 
is  washed  by  the  sea,  while  on  the  other 
aide  the  cliffs  rise  to  n  height  of  nearlv 
400  feet  abort  thf  ndlvfty.    Tbt  grouB) 


where  the  blast  of  the  Round  Down  took 
place  last  year  is  then  gone  over.  Thia 
ground  is  now  a  level,  covering  a  apnee 
of  about  seven  acres.  The  Snakspenre 
tunnel,  three  quarters  of  a  mile  in  extent, 
is  then  entered.  A  timber  viaduet  of 
8000  feet  in  length  succeeds,  and  the  line 
enters  Dover.  The  distance,  about  all 
miles,  was  accomplished  in  13  minutea. 
Upon  the  directors  stepping  from  tbo 
carriages,  they  were  heartily  welooraed 
by  the  mavor  of  Dover,  who  presented  to 
them  an  address,  which  was  briefly  replied 
to  by  Mr.  Baxendale,  the  chairman  of 
the  company.  The  authorities  and  the 
directors,  preceded  bv  a  military  band 
from  Canterbury,  ana  the  band  of  tbe 
national  guard  of  Boulogne,  then  walked 
in  procession  to  the  theatre  to  dinner, 
where  accommodation  was  provided  for 
about  300  persons.  The  gallery  vi'aa 
filled  with  ladies.  The  mayor  of  Dover 
presided,  supported  by  Mr.  Baxendale. 
Mr.  Richards  (the  deputy  chairman  of 
the  company),  the  mayor  of  Calais,  tho 
deputy  mayor  of  Bouloffne,  the  French  and 
Belgian  Cousuls,  Mr.  Rice,  M.P.,  Capt. 
Tyndale,  Mr.  Davis,  Mr.  Hawkea,  &e. 

M^rch  2.  Manchester  was  visited  by 
a  contiagrution,  which,  both  for  rapidity 
and  the  extent  of  destruction,  haa  been 
unequalled  in  that  town  for  many  yeara. 
It  was  discovered  in  the  basement  story 
of  Mr.  William  iiryan'a  warehouse,  9, 
George-street.  There  was  a  fresh  breeie 
(W.  by  S.)  which  carried  the  flames  to* 
wards  Vork-street,  and  the  whole  of  the 
great  pile  or  block  of  buildings  in  which 
the  fire  originated  was  speedily  enveloped 
in  flames.  This  was  the  result  of  the 
construction  of  tbeae  warehouses,  moat  of 
which  were  lined  with  wood  The  build- 
ings destroyed  were  about  GO  3rards  in 
length  by  io  in  width,  and  were  seven 
storicfi  above  the  ground.  The  loss  of 
property,  at  the  lowest  computation,  is 
estimated  at  100,000/.,  but  which  ia  stated 
to  have  betn  iuUy  intured. 


415 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


GaZETT£    pROMOTlOUa. 

Jaii.VK  Montromerystilr^  Yeomimry  Ca- 
valry.  iiir  Walkin  wi]|i»m8  Wvnn,  Burt,  lo  b« 
Ueiil,-L'oL  Coinmantlant.— Hifiiry  Afkjtphiia 
Proctor,  esq.  to  be  Mn^or, 

Feb.  U.  Frederick  Purefoy  Ho4fe,  estf  to 
be  one  at  the  Hon.  Corps  of  6enll«m(*D^ftt> 
Armji^  Wr»  Price. 

March  L  15tb  Foot,  Mnjnr  lHoiK  Ellin  to  N? 
MAlor.— Brevet,  Lt.-(;ol,  Edw.  Hay.  of  llJi^ 
K,  I.  Co.*9  depot  nt  Warley,  tO  liBre  the  tem- 
porary rank  of  r'oloriH- 

March  4,  Chark>5  Gmtith&mt  of  Kctton»  esq. 
to  lie  Ubrriffof  Riitlaii(]shiri% 

sulatlJnri 
torf^sidr: 
grfffor,  ♦- 
Eilfour,  • 
Tlioni,  es.  1 

ftnce  of  L...    , ^,     ,.   J    ,, 

e»q,   to  be  Con  >nrk»  jiiid  fffr  the 

Orewund,  to  r*  ife.— Henry  Cr  en - 

wicke  KawlJitfiiu  i  onf  ul  at  jJrtjpljtd. 

March  1,  Rii'i^  Rjiwson,  c^tq.  to 

be  Treasurer  r  nd  of  MauhiluK: 

Gc«trifc  Williaiii^  L,  ..  .  ,^q.  in  lit  Proroft 
Marsnat  for  the  Virgin  islands]  and  JJaniel 
H.  O.  Gordon,  eaq,  to  be  Trt-aanrer  for  the 
Yirsin  la  lands. 

Mnrck  8.  1st  West  India  Eedmeiit,  Major- 
Oen.  Sir  G.  T.  N»pier,  K.C.U.  to  he  Colonel, 

^'  'ert  Nickle. 

K.M  t  T    R.N.  ami 

FJl.   ^  i,.^i.  .,..  ;.,.,.,  M.D.  and 

IC-CH*  IH'P.  lujfijectorof  Army  Hosxntali,  add 
Gen  r  CO  Phil  it)  Lee,  eaq»  Lieut,  ot  the  Yeomen 

V  nh,  of 

Cl  It  and 

!i(-M i,.,_>,  ^,_-,,r, .-,....,,.,,  ,..v   iJatha. 

i!i  ,  hr  to  the  late  ??ir  John  !<t.  Aubyn,  of 
ri    ,'  .1,  I  ,  llart,  in  rt-urard  in  thf  nipmorv  (if 

l.ir-  i luutfu-r,  rhf-  Kev,  John  ]«.*•.- -f-*"'  -^^ 

AtilM,  II,  M,   r,il....  M,.'   nAnie  of  St.    ,\ 

Mol-  -•-  I  lii.  :irn,i  In  ,'.r  ihe  arras  r.- 

in  <i  irUr,— Ur,   Frami-    im^M..^ 

to  '  If    PtiysiciAns  of  ILR.U.  the 

J/.i*»'»  iir.  i..  W.  W.  Pendarves,  e*q.  to  be 
Ltcur.'O  lionet  CommandaAt  of  the  Royal  Cora- 
wall  mid  Devon  Mlneri, 

March  30.    Knlrht*'rf     «■■■"".    m  -t.  esq. 

SMter  R.N,~G.  W.  fo  be 

Mor  of  the  Glouct  )  Ca- 

Tafry. 

MarchOH.  ai8t  Foot,  Major  R  T.  U.  Pat- 
toon  in  Ihp  r^i*»iit-OiUni«»l :  hri^r*^  MijOT  J. 
C.  Vr"      •     '      "-■  -      -   »    '^     ^     '«      -   " 

Mm  I 

fiar-l    1   >-M  .,, 
Con."  -M..  iji.  ■. 

bn.L'.  I.  vv 

esq-  1^'''    '1^   --  " 

nia-H--i^r   .-  . 
Lieui,  <i'  I.-  :-\ 

tlU:    II  H,:  I.,     m'    -L:.  -SVC. 

to  b*  Governor  and  Conuniader-in-Ctiief  of 
lh£  BahAJua  Is  land  a, 


K.4;.ll*  to  tike 


Mfmhtr  f€iurmd  /»  #env  in  PAr/iVitn^-fi^ 

LofidoRiteirjf  Co.'-Thoiiiaa  Datctoh.  e»q. 

Natal  Pabpeamsmts* 

Comtnftnder,Cbar)^i  Tyler  fl«l3^,*o  be  Cint 
in  ihti  retired  liat — J.  F.  C.  Hamilton,  mate 
of  the  Si.  Vincent,  to  the  rank  of  Lieut,  for 
service*  in  China. 

ApfMitii$nent*.--€*iitAin  F.  W.  BMthey  (ia»y) 
to  command  th«  Firefly  steam-teftsel.^ 
Lienlenant  W.  C.  Chamberlain  to  commihod 
tb«  Dfmrf. 

Cwtft  ernm-rf,— Cormoander  F.  C*  Hyer  to  Ift 
Inspectinif  Commaiidrr  of  the  Clfldni  Db- 
trkt. 


EcCLKSlAgTKrAL    PltEFFRMBKtf. 

Hev.  E.  Field,  to  be  Biaho|i  of  Ncwfbondlandi 
Kev,  W.  Clive,  to  be  Archde-acou  of  Mont- 

Ifomery* 
Rev.  J,  Jn»i'»s  1'^  Ji-  Archdeacon  of  Ansleaea. 
Rev. /.  r  0  Archdeacon  of  the  la 

of  Man  if  Amirea«t. 

Rev.  J.  M,  :  .1 .. . ..  ,  to  be  Chancellor  of  1 

daff. 
Rev.  W.  f.  Cbllcott,  to  be  Prcl»endary    of 

Fn^f' -i  .i*  <^'.rdana,  In  SaHaburr  Catheclral. 
R<'\  to  be  IVebendary  ofLombc  fa 

.^  "liedral. 

Kev    ii.  .,,.i.^iida,  to  be  a  Minor  Canon  of  Nor> 

wich. 
Rev.  J.  Barlow,  Guildford  R.  Surrey. 
Rev.  Mr,  Barlow,   Sbalfordcuin-Bnimley  V. 

Surrey » 
Rev.  R,  Hflrton,  8t-  OeofTe*s  »►  Unblin, 

Rev*  K.  H-^-i-   '    - M-itravera  R,  Dorset, 

Rf-v.  T*  h  r»  R,  Smwea. 

Rev.  J,  A  iiryA.Leedt. 

Rer.A.  B^f.  .  ^, Hi  pley  E,  Surrey  g 

Hf>v.  8.  Brklfe,  8t.  Matthew  PC.  Deonuirl^l 

hill,  CnraberwetJ. 
Rev.  A.  Broadley,  Brftdpole  V*  r>orMt. 
Rev.  R.  Bryan,  Cbeldoti  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  J.  C^roiUri*'f  Hi.*h*ip»tone  V.  Suaaex. 
Rev.  F.  Col     ^*    ■^"-  *^  r.>...-.,T», 
Rev.  J.  r  n 

Rev.  J.C  rnwalL 

Rev.  C^  c;«'nMjv.,Mtr,  ,-,   I.V  M.,.u  R.  fitUjogftiJ 

g-atc,  Ijondon.  J 

Rev.  J.  C.  CronthwafTe,  Ri,  Andrew  BubbmrA^ 

and  St,  V -  M  "'  '*''    l^mdou. 

Knf,  U.  I  IS  K,  Wiocheater. 

Rev.  J.  I*  ilR,  Durhatn. 

Rev.  G.  Far,.>,  *  u,  ,un,  I  a:,  Wilts. 
Rev.  W.  B.  Fry,  Milruane  H.  near  Ncnaeb. 
Rev.  J.  W,  Gtinninr,  Fast  Bolrlre  P.C  Haiita. 
Rev.  i.  Harrison,  BaU>keane  V.  I.etn»ter.         i 
Rev.  J.  HaliiweU,  Chhst  Cburch,  Wringrton  J 

IM;  SomcfsH.  ' 

Rev.  K.  F.  Hod)if*on,  Uolton-cum-Beckeriiif 

R.  Unccdnfiilure. 
Rev.  H.  Jones,  Holvw#ll  V,  Flintshire. 
Rev.  J.  B.  O.  Jf  r,        "    •    '  -     " '^    *      l^tea* 
Rev.  J.  Kenwf.i 

R<'V.  O.  KlniT,  *-r  U. 

Rev.  J.  M    '■■-  i.i.H, 

Rev.  J.  I?  tif. 

Rev,  M.  H  Uof»ct. 

Rev.  i.  UvrrJrm,    itiMi 

Rev.  M r.  Price,  W ink  I  R,  Siirrry* 

Eer4  O.  RAy*  Stuiierfi 


416 


Prefermenis.^^Births. 


[April, 


Rev.  J.  Richmnlson,  St.  JamcsN  R.  Heywood, 

near  R()cIi(IaI<'. 
Rev.   F.  T.  Scott,    Eaatbridge  R.  and  V.  of 

West  Hvthe,  Kent. 
Rev.  R.  Scott,  Duloc  R.  Cornwall. 
H»'\.  G.  Smith,  Cantley  V.  YorkBltire. 
R**v.  J.  H.  Sutton,  St.  Marv's  Uishophill  R. 

^ork. 
Rev.  G.  T.  Spring:.  Hawlini?  R.  GIouc. 
Rev.  R.  Townley,  St.  Matthew  P.C.  Liverpool. 
Rev.  C.  Tucker,  Washford  l*>'ne  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  J.  Turner,  Lancaster  V.  Lane. 
R4'v.  T.  Wetttmorland,  jun.  Sandal  Ma^a  V. 

Yorkshire. 
Rev.  T.  F.  Woodham,  St.  Peter  Cheesehill  R. 

Winchester. 


ClIATLAINB. 

Rev.  C.  T.  Barlow,  to  the  Viscountess  dowager 

Torrinirton. 
Rev.  H.  Roys,  to  the  Ben^ral  Presidency. 
Rev.  P.  J.  Butt,  to  the  Karl  of  Besborou^h. 
Rev.  J.  Horsley,  to  11  is  Ruyal  llifphness  the 

DukeofCambridK^e. 


Civil  Preferments. 
Dr.  Paris  to  l>c  President  of  the  Collei^e  of 

Physicians. 
II.  A.    Merewcther,  esij.  to  bo  Recorder  of 

Devizes. 
Rev.  J.  Harrison,  M.A.  to  \h*  Master  of  the 

Kndowetl  Granmiar  Sirhool,  Anduver. 
Rev.  J.  Hill,  M.A.  to  l>e  Head  Master  of  the 

Royal  Naval  Schools,  Greenwich. 
Rev.  Mr.  \V.  B.  Monk,  to  be  Head  Master  of 

Ihilwirh  (\>IU^e  (iramniar  School. 
F.  Metcalf.  B.A.  to  he  AssisUnt-Master  in  the 

('ity  of  London  School. 
Mr.  V.  B.  Kibbans,  to  be  Head  Master  of  the 

Grammar  School  at  Wrexham. 
Rev.  G.  Slade,  M.A.  to  l>e  Master  of  tlic  Man- 

cheater  Grammar  ScIuk)1. 


BIRTHS. 

Feb.  10.  In  Upwr  Seyniour-st.  Portman  sq. 

tl»e  Baroness  of  Mom*or%o,  a  dau. 11.  At 

Tartarai^han  Rectory,  the  wife  of  the  Hon.  and 

Rev.  Francis  Clements,  a  son. 17.  At  Ilead- 

fort-house,  co.   Meath.  the  Countess  of  Bec- 

tive,   a   son    and   heir. At  Walton,    Lady 

Mordannt,   a   dau. 19.    At   Briichton,    the 

wife  of  John  B.   I»usada,  e!M|.  of  Oakfield- 

lod|^,  Sussex,  a  son. 'iO.  At  the  house  of 

ber  mother,  Mrs.  Forrest,  Southampton,  the 
wife  of  Andrew  Saunders,  es<|.    of   Downes- 

houae,  Rling,  a  son  and  heir. 22.  At  Wilton- 

pi.  London,  the  wife  of  William  Kdmund  Pole, 
esq.  barrister-at-law,  a  son. 26.  At  Hole- 
brook-house,  ne-ir  Wincanton,  the  wife  of  J. 

Rveleirh  Wyndham,    esTj.    a   dau. At  the 

Rocks,  Uckficld,  the  wife  of  R.  S.  Streatfeild, 

esq.  a  son. At  Tavistock,  the  wife  of  C.  V. 

Bndi^man,  esti.  a  dau. 27.  At  the  Manjuis 

of  BristoPs,  Kemp-town,  BriKhton,  the  Lady 
Georffiana  K.  C.  Grey,  a  son. 

Lately,   in  Cliester-S4|.  the  Hon.  Mr«.  Chas. 

Stuart,    a   son. At    Grace    Dieu    Manor, 

Leicestersh.   the    wife    of  A.   L.    Phillipps, 

esq.  a  dau. In  Perthshire,  the  wife  of  the 

Hon.    W.     II.    Drummond,    a     son. In 

York-pi.  Portman-s<i.    Blrs.  James  de   Sau- 

maret.  a  son. At  Huntsmore  I*ark,  Berks, 

Ijady  Sophia  Tower,  a  dau. .Vt  Charleville, 

Indv  Geonriana  Croker,  a  dau. At  lieadinfi^, 

the  wife  o?  lieut.-Col.   Dunn,   a  dau. At 

Ke)  fonl-houae,  Frome,   the  wife  of  W.    H. 

Shepiuird,  esq.  a  dau. In  South-st.  Gros- 

veiior-s(i.  Mrs.  Edw.  Baf^t,  a  dau. In  Uill- 

>t.  tlu>  Hon.  Mrs.  Nup^ent,  a  dau. At  Pau, 

lhoMif«>of  Ueul.-Col.  P.  Douglas,  a  son. 

lit  r.inon-Ht.  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Geo.  Hope,  a  son. 
10 


In  York-st.  St.  James*s,  the  Countess  of 

Uxbridre,  a  son. At  Wolverhampton,  the 

wife  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Monckton,  a  son  and  heir. 

At  Heath  hall,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Smith,   a 

dau. At  Calverton,  Bucks,  the  Hon.  Mrs. 

Perceval,  a  dau. At  Mome  Park,  Vis- 
countess   Newry,  a  son. At  Elm  Pftrk, 

Limerick,  Lad>'  Clarina,  a  son. In  Upper 

Seymour-st.    Portman -sq.  the  wife  of  T.  F. 

Maitland,  esq.   a   dan. At   Shirenewton, 

near  Chepstow,  the  wife  of  Wm.  Uollis,  esq.  a 
son  and  heir. 
March  1.   At  the  Provost's  Lodire,  Eton  col- 

lej^e,  the  Hon.  .Mrs.  Hodgson,  a  "son. ^TTie 

wife  of  Theodore  Davis,  ewi.  of  Tickenham 
House,  a  son. — 2.  At  Aldboronirh  Lodre. 
Yorksh.  the  wife  of  Basil  T.  Woodd,  esq?  a 

dau. At  Derby,  the  wife  of  Ranald  umt- 

win,  esa.  M.D.  a  son.— 4.  At  Maidstone,  tlie 
wife  of  Lieut.-Col.  Griffiths,  a  son. 

MARRIAGES. 

A'or.  SO.  At  the  British  Legation,  Rio  de 
Janeiro,  James  Edward  Le  Breton,  esq. 
vounjrer  son  of  the  Rev.  Philip  Le  Breton,  of 
London,  to  Eleanor-Ann,  dau.  of  Joseph  Dick- 
inson, es(|.  of  Headingley.  near  Leeds. 

Dfc.  12.  At  Calcutta,  Lieut.  Richard  Francis 
Grindall,  of  the  8th  Bengal  Xat.  Inf.  eldest  son 
of  the  late  R.  F.  Grindall,  esu.  Bennl  Civ. 
Serv.  and  grand.son  of  Adm.  Sir  Richard  Grin- 
dall, to  Susanna-Moring,  youngest  dau.  of 
James  Bate,  est},  of  Fjieter. 

19.  At  Vellore,  Capt.  Henry  Temple  Hillyard, 
of  the  14th  Madras  .Vat.  InfC  third  son  of  the 
late  Charles  Hillyard,  esq.  of  Upper  Clapton, 
to  Henrictu,  youngest  dau.  of  Mi^or-Gen. 
Gibson. 

91.  At  Bombay,  Rol»ert  Brown,  esq.  M.D.  to 
Anna- Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  Sir  James  Rivett 
Camac,  Bart. 

37.  At  .Malta,  Comin.  Erasmus  Ommanney, 
R.N.  son  of  the  late  Sir  F.  M.  Ommanney,  to 
Emily-.Mar>',  eldest  dau.  of  Samuel  Smith,  c»q. 
of  her  Mi^esty^s  dockyard. 

Jan.  2.  At  Reading.  Thos.  Frederick  Sow- 
don,  es(|.  of  Reading,  to  Caroline-Annabella, 
second  dau.  of  Col.  Williams,  of  Belle  Vue, 
near  Reading. 

3.  At  Bath,  the  Rev.  John  Chandler,  of 
Witley,  Surrey,  to  Caroline-Mary,  eldest  dan. 
of  the  late  Rev.  John  Brownlow,  of  Green 
Park,  Bath. 

6.  At  Hackney,  the  Rev.  George  Christopher 
Hoilgkinson,  M.A.  of  Trinity  coll.  Camb.  to 
Isabella- L)dia,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  William 
Spence,  e.sq.  of  Upper  Glouccster-pl. 

9.  At  Guernsey,  Thomas  Nurse,  esq.  M.D. 
son  of  John  Henry  Nurse,  esq.  of  Baroadoes, 
to  Margaret,  tliinl  dau.  of  Joseph  Collings, 

esq.  of  the  Grange. At  Bangor,  Thomas 

James  Maude,  esq.  of  Abingdon-st.  youngest 
son  of  the  late  Rear-Adm.  William  Maude,  to 
Louisa-Emily,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  John 
Hamer,  Vicar  of  Baneor. 

18.  At  Dublin,  the  Rev.  Armitage  Forbes,  son 
of  Arthur  Forbes,  esq.  of  Trewstone,  co.  Meath, 
and  Craig-a-vad,  co.  l)own,  to  Charlotte- Emily, 
dau.  of  Edward  Litton,  esq.  Master  in  Chan- 
cery. Dublin,  late  M.P.  for  Coleraine. 

Feb.  0.  At  Glasgow,  the  Rev.  Charles  Fitz- 
gerald Ross  Smith,  Incumbent  of  Clirist 
Church.  Mile-end,  to  Mary,  dau.  of  the  late 
Richard  Mu&grave  Lowr>'.  esq. 

7.  At  Aylesburv,  the  Rev.  John  RaddiflTe 
Pretyman,  Vicar  of  Aylesbury,  to  Amelia,  third 
dau.  of  Thomas  Tindal,  esq. 

8.  At  St.  Mariin*s-in  the-FIelds,  Henry  Brad- 
dick  Yule,  R.N.  son  of  the  late  Comm.  John 
Yule,  R.N.  to  Frances-Rebecca,  youngest 
dau.  of  C^pt.  Byrne,  fonneriy  of  the  Scots  Fu- 
sileer  Guards,  and  grand-niece  of  the  late  Earl 


1844.] 


Marriage*. 


41^ 


of  CrtwfortiuDd  Unrtify* At  SMinondliiim, 

Glurlf's  T.  ThoniipH.on,  esi|.  of  Di*gr  to  Kmoiii* 
8*rati,  driest  stirviTiiiif  diiu.  of  the  tnte  E,  D. 

Alston,  escK  of  P*lip-iivt?,  Suffblk, At  MIJ- 

verton,  T.  II,  Cobb,  esq*  of  Uanbnry,  to  Mar- 
g:»ret,  youni;«it  tUia,of  th(?  I«te  Rowlniwl  Pany, 

eii|.  of  Uvf»r(K)ol. At  lUilford,  John  Dy- 

moke  Elliott,  «oti  of  the  lute  lie  v.  Williun 
Kriiottj  Rwtor  of  Mableihorr- •  '  -,.  .,i..,h,  to 
June.  f^ldt'Ht  cUu,  of  John    J  -q,  of 

Noltln^hiim. At  W\^h  Li  ir«irt» 

M^Jnr  Pmlcrick  Sprye,  R.M.i  .^ ,h.  Itev. 

John  Sjjrvf,  Vicar  of  UKbonuigrh,  l>evoii,  fo 
lifi«i«  l^niffonl,  elder  of  till]  tn^'o  Uau.  jind  ro- 

.K At   K^ 

1 3rt»rf«rei-.\ 

'—   ."-  ' ."'  .».t  Ji*nder  Wilsvti.  i  -|. — 

At  Keadinir,  Hobert,  Mm  of  C.  Tetnpie,  esq. 
of  Lini'oln'?!  inn,  to  Itabel-Saun,  youni^st 
dim,  of  the  Ntf  Capt.  Yoanif,  of  tbe  All^ftoy 
8ta«T,  Ulo  of  Wig-bt. — — At  Grcut  Builwortli, 
Thomas  L«ch«  &lA<isii\  cs*].  Cant.  Ii.N'.  to 
Charlotte- Hester^otily  dmu.  of  Edwanl  Vena* 
blei  Townahend,  e*i].  of  Wjnch&m  HnlU  Che^ 

shire- At  Tavistock ^  Blizabetb,  oaly  dau.  of 

Uke  aev.  Wilbani  Hooker,  to  T.  Edi^combe 
Ptnon,  eiq.  of  Utieoln's-iDn-AHdi  and  Upper 

Clmnion, At  Taunton,  thA  Rev.  Menr\  John 

Duller,  Rector  of  West  I»»rlev»  Wimlonie, 
ypnn^»t  son  of  the  late  Jaiucs  Ituller,  esq. 
Clerk  to  Her  Majesty ^s  Privy  Coancll,  to  Mary 
Theodofta  Rickanla,  eldest  daa.  of  the  late 
Joliu    Uk'kards,  est\,  of    Ailstoii   Hdl,  near 

Hereforl. At   Camberwcllf  Clirijftopher 

PritMTc*  vMu  of  Peck li am,  to  Frances- Dower, 

youn^^t  clau.  of  A,  Mackenrot,  esq.  of  Cadit. 

At  Keosiiif  ton.  John  S*.  Dai  ley,  ©wi,  a# 

It....,  .i...,i^    near  Edinburgh,  to  Rmma-Mar' 

i  dan.  of  HiouiaB  dc  Vere*  esn*  of 

n-creacent. At     Kendal,    John 

V»i..,i.iiiui,  t**q.  of  Yemlaml  Convert,  co-  Lnno^ 
tn  Hunnftb,  eldest  daij.  of  the  late  Wro.  Wil- 
son, e<iq.  of  Kendal. 

teb.  10.  At  Alt  Sonls%  LaDirham-pt.  the  iUr, 
Sir  John  Hubart  Calme  Seymour,  Bart,  <for- 
ttierly  nf  Totbill,  Plymouth^)  to  Maria-Louisa, 
yoiin-  "  '  f  the  late  Charles  gmitb,  es^|. 
and  tate  Sir  diaries  Sudtli,  Bart. 

ofJS  1  X. At  8t.    Martin-in-the* 

Fjeld!^,  niiiinifi  Henry  iiaplef on,  e^i.  of  Bed> 
font,  to  Ann-M«ia,  second  dau.  of  Josqili 
fffanby,  esq.  of  Middle  Scotland,  v ard,  White- 
haJJ. 


mail.   K.N 

Oflli 

Nort 
1,1.  A I 


II.  At  St.  ClcorK«'it  the  Hon,  Capt.  I>cn. 

"  "'     reconn  son  of  Lord  l>efiQiaj},  to 

i  itau.  of  J.  Watta  Ru«seJI,  G»q. 

i-mlsh.  aod  of  Beggin  Room, 

n.', 
iMPcrajs,  Henry  F^noil  BaitcllcJ- 
dor,  e4i|.  to  Amelia*  secnnd  dan.  tut  Hie  late 

Gcor|rc  tiht^heard,  (^q,  of  Galldftird^st. 

At    Lewi^ham,   Wttliaui  Fisher,  of   Camdea 

Town,  rldi^st  son  of  the  late  WllHam  Ptsher, 

e«f).    of   Muswetl   UiU,  to  Francca-Caroline, 

laii,  nf  Samiiei  Trmvers,  esq.  of  Sy- 

-At  Bearborough,  the  Rev.  Charleat 

A .  •emm!  -^on  of  the  late  Charter 

■'  '     :.,  Mi'idlesek,  to 

U  Maliisf,  esq.  of 

u  Ai  Lyme  licifi^,  tK^netahire,  Wm. 
Hayier  Hussey,  esq.  of  the  A7tti  K^.  third 
ton  of  John  tiossey.  ««q.  of  Lyme,  to  Sarili* 
Aniif  djiu.  of  John  Iiul,  im.  of  tbt  saxno  place. 
15.  At  St.  Oeorgp-the-Majtyr,  ttueen-^iq. 
John  Tonjes,  esq,  of  Uortimrr-irt.  to  Jane, 
only  dau.  of  Robert  i^ibley,  esq.  of  Great  Or- 

muml  At, At  HilltnrdoB,    near   U]Lhridg«'. 

John  Htmter,  esq.  of  Upper  Hottoway,  iecoud 
immni  W,  Hunter. eaq.  to  HAry-Anne,  eldest 
I  jtei  of  the  late  w.  RU^r,  esq.  of  AJbion-^t. 
'fll^e  Pkrk,  Antncrly  €ii  Letmfnfton  gpi< — - 
GitNT.  Maq.  Vol.  XXt. 


At  Dorking^,  Thomw  0<»Ofre,  third  son  of  J 
Charle*  Barclay,  esq.  of  Bury  HUt»  to  Kmily.l 
second  d»u.  of  the  Rev,  Jamest  Jrtyce,  Vicar  ofJ 

Dorkinr. At  Hackney,  William  Sliftrp>j  ejwK  ] 

A.U.  of  Briirton.  to  Eliza,  elde^^t  tbiu.  of  J,  J 

Ballance,  esq,  oi   Clapton. At    WldforiL  | 

Arthur,  fbunh  son  of  Charles  Tween,  esq.  or  I 
Ware.  Hert»*  to  Jane,  vount^est  dtu.  of  thi  f 
l*teRand?«»  v..^^.^    .....  ,.r.h..  Tn,...r  T,.r>,.. 

AtDii 

rington,  > 

Kent,  to  .Muii..«,  ..^.x,,  - 

Rev.  Wm.  Uoodatl,  ot  Die 

AtToprliflfe,  Wm.  ttnll 

of  Thri*k,  to  Ann,  eldest  dri 
RtcbardMiiit,  esq.  fltir^eon,  ai 
Ikirroby^  esq.  of  Ui'shforlb,  i 
Itti  c k I aiul ,    near    l*over,    Ik...,     i ..,..,  . 
oldest  son  of  Henry    Potts,   esq.    or    <iisn*  i 
yr-afon,  Denbighsh.  and  of  ChesttT,  to  C<*-  1 
cilia-Ann,  y^ru nicest   dau.   of   iviajor  Martin, 
of    But^klaikd   House,  ond   liie^e  of  the  latt  ^ 

Riirht  Hon.  8ir  W.  Orant. At  St,  Mm%%»  i 

retV  LtJlhbury,  K.  J,  Hilln,  esq,  of  the  Is!  J 
\Ve«t  India  Rri^t,  to  ratharine,  dan,  of  WiUiani  | 
Ewen,  esq.  of  Uuxted.  8ustet,  i 

17.    At  Lvmlnater,  S^u&seiE,  Robert  ?'<"«■"  k 
Bfoiriilow  iUshbrooke,  em],  Oapt. 
Fusilier  Guards,  eldeat  ion  of  Cm.  1 1 
M,P„  of  Rnshbrooke  Park,  9v,^-'' 
Marta,  second  dau>  of  ThoTii  i 

Lymiaster.— At  Ripon,  Sti 
Mayor  of  Rjpon,  to  Mr*.  Mttiy-.inu   jhui?-,  k4  \ 
iHtudley. 

lt».    At  A>i*"kUM'k»  House,  PcrlhshTre.  Rdraf  i 

Walter  Gnr'      '  tde?*t  bod  of  ^"*' ~1 

airland,  *-■  Istow  HaH,  \ 

ofWoodri  !-iifn„toAiii  i 

dau         '   "  -       i"*q.     of    -Vim  vviti   K-., 

an  I  .i5n.— At  Peier^ 

»h;ii;  1-   M.I).,  of  Rich.  I 

mond,  ifj  .-!iii-»«,    itiu.  .M   jtobert  T1    ' '  '         r, 

At  St.  Janea^s,  Wwitminster,  i 

VvM.  Stranffewaya,  to  AaMlta,  thirii 

ward  Marjori  bank  H.eftq. AtKfu 

Sam.  nuocotnbe  Du  Pn^*  Vicar  of  I  \ 

of  tlK*R«»vT.  r>ii  Pr'=,  R<^tnr  of  \ 

to    M--    ^--  ' ^- '  ■'  ' 

Re\ 

and 

Ati*nu.r- 

Byron  Car 

late  Rev.  1 
».    AtJfr-. 

to  Man- Ellis,  rl 

Stevens,  R.N.— 

esq.  of  Walton,  i 

dtn.  of  the  lale  N 

eao.  oi  Doctors'  • 

nvn,  WestmiosttT,  j  ^ 

»taiR»rd,  Dorset,  to  C 

ces,  eldeet  dau,  of  Gt^'  ; 

— -At  St.  Benet**,  t.i 

R,  Wheeler,  ew.  to  Mfi! 

Charies  West  Wheeler. 

lodge,  Hania.^ AtCaiiuni«rif,  >»  i*.    wum-, 

pstj,  of  Tol worth  Court,  to  Klixabeth  Frtince*. 

dau,  of  the  late  Dr.  Wm.  roleutan,  of  Ulech- 

insiey. 
n.     At  Chelscia,  the  Rev,  Jelfcry  Ektns* 

BC.L.,  RiTtnr  of  Sampford,  Esse^.  to  Phil*- 
iitmi  dau.  of  the  late  Georr« 
—At  Paatofi,  Charles,  tinli  , 
V.  J,  W.  B.  Brtyer,  Rpctof  of 

?.q    Arihnr  ^ 

■■■■  ■     f 


eldeM  dau.  of  tli 
esq, At  Lyiur 


418 


Marriages, 


[April, 


thf  1 

irt,  fi^iq.  of  Corsairtly, 

Wiii: 

"itN 

ik'«t  (Uu.  of 

2< 
ant, 

37. 

At  >i 

At 

Infill 

i.tii 

le  73d  H 

,V  .trill    .,1 

J  Kith* 

Al  1 
old. 

I'm 

St.  < 

,,  of  Tei^H' 
of  Kttifr»rd 

••—  At 

Moh' 
to  tU. 

rfolkt 

St.  Jobn's   coi 
Ihtrd  fJjiu.  of  fit 

Charle?* 

Hlilwr^n 

tfi  A- 
rpriilir 

t 

Th,  ■ 
,\tii 

Ibe  late  i%mrl^ 

cr 

elUr^l  (laii.  of  < 

"t.   j-'Tf iiii<in-Mi.- — -j\t 
Murid,  rldcjjt  son  of 
.  K..|   r»f  Kly,  to  Clara. 
"   "           1    of  Pantbii' 

1   I L  O.Rob. 

^Hamilton. 

i.  R.K,»and 

ofAshford 

t  t»urt.  8a lop. 

Lntrty,      At 
('jkf.  of  Genoa, 
lat**  Francis  Pi*» 

Sir 

will' 

■■r  t\)>'    iJtn- 

ca- 
'n,M 

ncrkeiiwell, 
IVmitle,  to 

Ma 

PHI, 

dau.  i*r  1 

his   Hobler. 
1 1  onic  Welldt 
,,  nf  Piprrr- 

Btirku^ 
EM*- 

Pr 

itf    tt 

Ell. 
of  J 

Han. 
JViirrAl,    At 

ln-U'llii 

f  William  NVvtn  Wal- 

VViiITarf*,  r^i\.  nf  l\,\\  u  ■ 

^,  Wij,  forraerl^  ftf 


Fol«?y. 

381  At  Bovrnfss^  Hiudermenn,  WjlUain  B. 
Funsonby.  ■■-<  i  i-^f  — ,  of  th**  Uie  Cwpt, 
PtJnsofiby.  J!|?fkkL  Cuuiber- 

Uind»  to  A  lu.  uf  Cnpt  Jones 

sikflltoiif  Ui,    .,    »,. »i    Morton,   Marru^t 

eldest  BOti  oi  Marcus  s^yuiiot,  e»q.  of  UaUy- 
mover,  co*  ArmaKti,  to  Ann,  eiac-it  dau.  of 
Wiiljam   Parker,  esq.  of  Httuthonw»   House, 

near  Itounio.  Lincolnshire. At  St.  Pancraa 

Nt'W  ClmTch,  Edward  H.  \Valk.*r,  *»•»].  of  Don* 

caster,  to  Mary-Saniiv        '      '  Jamc<s 

Green ual^h,  t^itq,  ofV  sq, 

99.    At  Hijrhftni  Fen  ,^n. 

OfBelton,H*itland»t^>  i 
lti«  Iste  Rev.  G.  W.  M 
PterrBr««*-^A t  A  rdw  1 1 
OfG"-'" K   v.-\  ,^,^,„   ,^,,^ 

CO-  '■'  of  Mir  Tho- 

niB  ro.  Carlo w. 


ost  duu.  if 
Glouci*si< 

♦.    At  ^r^ri      n# 

cori  ' 

dau.  „^  i^ 

5,     At  I 

son,  e»ii,  1 

of  I 

esil- 

c*4.  ,-.  1. 
mi'rJy  t  , 
Marv'H.    I 

Sfir 

y  i -.« 

man-^. At  i 

phli'tt,  €**].  ser 

A  m  pi  1 1  fit »  of  : 

llaotior,  »&nn- 

(Inu.  of  Ueorffr 

Sl.  Pnncras  NVv^.  4  uiii,.-,  ir.  ,*..i,^.  . 

Middlesex,  to    Harriet*    ^idow    af 

Drown i ng^t  caq,  of  EnfieUU At  St. 

l)one»  ThbmoA  I3yer  Thbdton  Djcr, 
Madrnji    Nal.  Inf.  to  Mariaonette  f' 
Elixa,  widim  (if  the  Lite  Capl.  f.   VfJ 
phreySf  ^" ,  «i^      ^  -■  v. 

G.   At  ii^ttm,  Henry 

eVdeitf  HHi  I  Winne  Fry,  e* 


lie,  tUeJ 

aw 


I  ill  ATI        * 

Margv^ ) 
Mundoii  I 

ITULtl.  e«U-  ill  I  iJici-ii  1, 

of  W.  Whitfield,  esq 

7.    At  airiwleluin  I 
J,    W.   Steele,    of   hm-^,r 
YorkiilK  to  Mary -Anne,  dati.  of  the 

VVilliain  Swaune.  of  l«»MoKt<»fi, Atjj 

amptou,  J.  HornSy,  f        '       *    Tloyalf 

Pr<Hilrr»ca,  third  tlai;  i^ton.i 

Po]yg:on     H^iu**-,     ^ 

Georjc«S,   Han 

Clareinout-pl. 

Kcclinjir,  of  CV. 

eldest  dau.  o/  liii-  uur  in 

Aiilii^ua. A!    ?*t,    Jan.. 

Geor?^  Adam  Younip,  «n|   i  f  J 

sq.    of    HersttnoiM 
j]a-lx)ui«ia,  MNT'ond  dAu.   of   Oi 
■*«.   ftf  Mimw^'M  HilL 


i»t.  Jatne'fS*  Wtttrolii«ter.    AH 

rr,]    of  f  Jifc**oh-itTj,   tirar  N'wwirh, 


ilD 


OBITUARY. 


1'hk  Marquf.83  of  HArriNos. 

Jttn.   13.  At  Sotjtbaoiptoi},  in  bJs  36th 

yt'iir^  t!i<'  Most  Hon.    George  Augustus 

FrjtnejH  Riivvdoii  Hjt*'ti»igs,  second  Mur- 

qut-bfiof  lio^itiiigs^  Earl  R4iwdoTi,tind  Vis- 

I  €uiiiitLoudoun(18I6),titidBKruti  Htiwdoti 
(178.1) ;  Btt rort  Botrcmux  (1306),  Hunger* 
lord  (1426),  JVIolitres  (1445),  and  Has. 
titi|;s  (ti4i[),  ill  the  Peerag^r  of  EiiKlnnd 
rand  tbe  United  Kingdom  ;  Biiron  Lou* 
douu  (liitti).  Earl  of  Loudoun,  Biirmi 
Tnrrinzenn  and  JVIaudiliue  (1633},  in  the 
jjeenige  of  Scotland ;  Baron  flBwdon 
(17.^1),  unrl  Earl  ot  Moini  (l7Gl)  in  tbe 
peenige  of  Ireland;  a  Baronet  of  England 
(1(K>5);  Hereditary  Governor  of  Repton 
Si'bool,  &c.  &c. 

His  Lordsbip  was  born  in  St.  Jaunes's 
Place,  Westminster,  on  tbe  lib  Feb. 
1806,  tbe  younf^er  of  tbe  two  only  aonu  of 
Francis  then  Earl  of  Moiru,  And  after* 
wari^s  Marque^Ti  of  Haitmg»,  K,G.  and 
G,C,B.,  by  Flora  Miud  Cainpbcl1»  in 
her  own  right  Countesa  of  Loudoun.  He 
was  baptized  with  ^reat  pomp  on  tbe  Tth 
April  lollou'in^,  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
uftervvardjj  King  George  the  Fourth,  being 
one  of  the  sponsors. 

Wbilet  still  in  his  minority  lie  succeeded 
to  tbe  various  dignities  centered  in  bis 
&ther/  on  the  2tith  Nov,  1826,  and  on 
the  death  of  bis  mother,  Jan.  9,  IB40,  he 
inherited  tbe  earldom  of  Loudoyn  with 
its  attendant  Scotch  titles. 

It  is  an  extraordinary  occurrence  that 
thi»  family,  in  three  successive  genera' 
tions,  should  have  added  to  its  honours 
by  marriage  with  Peeresses.  First,  Lord 
Hawdon  (himself  a  new  Peer  of  tbe 
kingdom  of  Ireland,  but  an  old  Baronet) 
married  Lady   Elizabeth    Hastings,  who 

'  oa  tbe  death  of  her  brother  Francis 
tenth  Earl  Huntingdon,  in  1789|  became 
Barone^is  Hastings^  he.  Ncxl^  tlje  iirst 
Marquess  of  Hastings  married  the  Coun- 
tess of  Loudoun;  and  thirdly,  his  son, 
the  Marquess  now  deceased,  married  the 
Right  Hon.  Barbaru  Yelvcrton,  in  her 
own  right  Barone«6  Grey  de  Ruthyn, 

Ht»  marriage  with  tbi»  lady  took  place 
on  the  1st  August,  1831;  and  Ms  lord* 
ship  has  left  issue  two  sons  and  three 
daughters;   1.  Reginald *SerIo  now  Mar- 

*  Tbe  andent  bnrouiea  of  Newmarcb, 

Peverel  of  r^^uttitiglmai,  Kfocis  of  Cad- 
bury,  and  Uoiuec,  are  sometimes  added  to 
tboHC  above  named  ;  but  they  are  not  at* 
tnbuted  to  tbe  Marquess  in  Nicolttft's 
Synopsis  of  tbe  Peerage, 


nueasof  Hristings,  Wrn  in  1832;  J.  Lady 
Edith  Mund ;  3.  Liidy  Bertha  Selgardc ; 
4-  Lady  Victoria  Mary  Louiwi ;  and  5, 
Lord  llenri^  Wcyslurd  (Jlnirles  Planta- 
genet  Hastings.  Tbe  widowed  Mar- 
chioness expects,  in  addition,  to  give  birth 
to  a  posthumous  cbiJd. 

In  consequence  of  indisposition  the 
Marques«,  early  in  December,  was  ad* 
vised  to  leave  Donoington  Purk,  Leices- 
tershire, for  the  Hampshire  coast,  in  the 
aTtticipation  that  a  change  of  air  would 
prove  beneficial  to  bis  health.  His 
Lordship  having  contituted  more  or  less 
unwell,  increaBcd  symptoms  of  a  se- 
rious character  induced  his  removal  from 
Bournctnoittb  to  Southampton,  where  bis 
death  occurred.  The  Marchioness  con- 
stantly attended  tbenobie  invalid  through* 
out  his  illness. 


Viscount  Sidmouth. 

Feb.  15.  At  the  White  Lodge,  Rich- 
mond Park,  (the  grant  of  a  generous  and 
appreciating  Sovereign  to  bis  faithful 
minister  42  years  before,)  in  his  67th  year, 
the  Right  Hon.  Henry  Addington,  Vis- 
count  Sidmouth,  of  IJp  Ottery  in  th*; 
county  of  Devon,  a  Privy  Couitcillor, 
Deputy  R^tnger  of  Richmond  Pnrk^  High 
Steward  of  Reading,  one  of  the  Elder 
Brethren  of  tbe  Trinity  House,  a 
Bencher  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  D.C.L.  and 
F.S.A. 

Lord  Sidmouib  was  born  on  the  SOth 
May.  1757,  the  eldest  son  of  Br. 
Anthony  Addington,  a  physician  of  great 
practice  in  tbe  early  part  of  the  reign  of  1 
George  the  Third,  who  had  attained  in- 
deed to  such  professional  eminence  that, 
even  after  his  retirement  from  practice, 
he  was  called  in  to  visit  the  King  during 
bis  Majesty's  illness  in  1783, 

Tbe  death  of  this  eminent  statesmoni 
at  tbe  advanced  age  of  87,  is  calculated  \ 
to  recall  our  thoughts  for  a  moment  from  < 
the  alLab&orbing  politics  of  the  day,  and 
to  fiji  them  forcibly  and   touch ingly  on 
those  momentous  ev^entf,  now  fast  fading  ] 
from    our   recollection,    in   which    as   n 
public  cbanictei'   be   once    bore    a  dis* 
tinguisbed  pnrt.     Hisi  lord'^bip  wus    the 
only  remaining  link  of  the  chain  which  j 
connected  tbe  political  hiHlury  of  the  past  ' 
gencrutioTi  with  thai  of  the  present.     He 
was  the  last  survivor  of  that  hand  of  un- 
compromising    patriots     whom    Dtvints 
Providence  raisid   up   to  encounter  tbe 
shock  of  tbe  French  Rt volution,  and  to 


120 


Obituary.—  Vi$count  Sidmouth. 


[April, 


rescue  this  country  from  tbe  evils,  po- 
litical, moral,  iiut\  religious,  which  that 
evi'iit  brought  upon  every  other  nation 
in  J'iurope.  Tlirouirh  the  coniidential 
intiniiiey  with  which  Dr.  Addington  was 
lionoured  by  the  Karl  of  C'hathum,  Lord 
Sidniouth  becnine  at  a  verj*  early  age  the 
friend  of  William  l*itt.  This  circum- 
stance  nRturuUy  led  to  his  entrance  on 
political  life. 

lie  had  been  educated,  tirst  at  ^Vin- 
Chester,  where  he  aetpiired  the  friendship, 
which  he  retained  through  life,  of  his 
tutor  that  eminent  scholar  George  Isaac 
IJuMtingford,  afterwards  Uishon  of  Here- 
ford ;  and  subserpiently  at  lirazennosc 
College,  Oxford,  which  he  entered  on  the 
Ikh  .Ian.  1774,  took  the  degree  of  JJ.A. 
Feb. '^ti,  17 7H,  and  in  tin- year  177}<  obtained 
the  Uachelor's  Prize  for  nn  Knglish  essay 
on  the  "  A flinity  between  Painting  and 
Writing  in  jioint  of  composition  ;"  and  it 
is  worthy  ol  record,  that  in  the  ro«;trum  of 
the  theatre  on  that  occasion  a  fiieiulship 
commenced  between  him  and  the  late 
Marquess  Wellesley,  which  terminated 
only  at  the  dccea^'C  of  that  eminent  states- 
man and  scholar.  i\Ir.  Addington  pro- 
ceeded -Al.A.  Nov.  Is,  17K),  and  on 
leaving  the  university  kept  terms  at 
Lincoln's-Inn,  where  he  was  called  to 
the  bar  May  1 1. 1 7^1',  intending  to  follow 
that  prf'fi'-ion  ;  but  the  a«'»un;ption  of 
the  rein<  of  Government  by  his  illustrious 
IVicnd  s]»eedily  dis>ii>:ited  >uch  vitws,  and 
at  ihi'  general  eleelion  which  succeeded 
Mr.  I'j'xN  iind  Lord  North's  discomfiture 
on  their  eelibrated  Kast  India  Hill,  -Mr. 
Addinirton  rcpaind  to  Londim  to  follow 
the  foituniM  ot  -Mr.  Pitt,  and  began  to 
take  an  r.etive  j»art  in  public  alfaiis. 

In  tlie  y«':iv  I'lrrl-,  '\'.\  con«i.f|WOMCe  ol 
tie  I  -tiiiniiioii  in  which  his  broiher-in- 
hiw,  .I.inu>:  Sulttiii,  es'j.  of  New  Park, 
wa-.  held  by  ll.e  ii.e.ibitjuits  of  Devize-", 
Ml.  AdiI'::Lton  wa-  nn:i!iiiiiou»>ly  re- 
turnt.d  to  Pariianii nt  as  a  representative 
of  rl.Tit  borou.i,'li ;  a»iil  >.inh  wa^  the  iiini 
ati.icl-.i;.;  nt  ol  hi"  coii'-tituei.t!  that  with- 
(Mit  iiiioii'iii  liiMj  "iipo'iiioii,  or  ineuiiii'g 
any  exji<  i.'-v ,  l.-  niiiaiiud  il>eir  mcniber 
dw:  i:u'  the  whole  cot'i-e  of  hi«*  jiailia- 
ii:u.tJiry  c;iretr,  a  ptiind  i.-l  uIm'Vi  twenty 
ytai.i. 

iWloic  hi  biianie  a  nu  nilui  of  the 
Il;Mi-^'  it  had  b.  »u  Mr.  Addinuton's 
habit  I'j  Jittrrjii  il"  ileb.it*:.  with  the 
gn:'  -I  nv'ul.iiiry.  and  m>  atti-ntive  was 
111  r.,,  n  aiiil  .ilN'i'.. -.vd*-  Jo  it*.  fo:m-  and 
l-lat'-.i-e,  tl  at  M\ .  Pill  e«.  ly  ii;!;.:»Jirul  to 
|.:.l  ,  :i  v.i  h  tl:  .:  I..  -.!;i.i.;.i  rij,  liiiy  WW  ihe 
« I...  .  lit  tin-  1!«  iii»*.  \(  i'oiii:ii..ly  in  May 
I",-:i.  »  :>  I.iiid  iiu  i.viiii'-i  v.ir..'iii^  the 
■  ii. .  '...  :  l.^i'-  lor  a  "at  in  the  eali.ni  I,  Mr. 
.V'  -n.-ton  W.I-  el-.-eted  Spi  j»ker  by  n  large 


maiorityovcr  his  opponent.  Sir  Gilbert 
Elliot.  There,  however,  tbe  oppoeition 
ceased,  and,  from  that  raomeiit  until  his 
n«sumption  of  the  seals  of  Government 
in  March  1801,  he  experienced  not  only 
the  utmost  respect  and  obedience  in 
deference  to  his  office,  but  also  the  most 
marked  and  friendly  personal  attentions 
from  all  tbe  great  rivals  of  tbe  day.  As 
this  was  one  of  the  most  arduous, 
hotiourable,  and  important  occupations  of 
his  life,  HO  was  it  one  to  whicn  he  wu 
wont  to  look  back  with  greater  com- 
])lacency  than  to  any  other.  Those, 
should  any  yet  remain,  who  remember 
him  when  in  the  chair,  will  bear  testi- 
mony that  no  Speaker  ever  enjoyed  more 
fully  the  confidence  of  the  house  than  he 
did.  His  sound  old- English  principles, 
from  which  no  change  of  times  and 
seasons — no  fancied  expediency— could 
induce  him  ever  to  swerve,  his  honesty, 
fearlessness,  and  truth,  the  suavity,  frank- 
ness,  and  dignity  of  bis  manners,  and  his 
])eifeet  command  of  temper,  the  nature 
also  of  his  education,  his  friendly  social 
disposition,  the  natural  flow  of  his  con- 
versation, and,  perhaps,  also  the  similarity 
of  his  jiosition  in  life  with  their  own — this 
combination  of  attaching  qualities  ren. 
dered  him  a  peculiar  favourite  with  the 
class  ot  English  gentlemen  who  con. 
stimied  n  majority  o^  the  house  over 
which  he  presided.  In  these  days  of 
comparatively  small  things  it  is  diflicult 
adequately  to  estimate  the  magnitude  of 
the  questions  whieh  oiTUpied  the  attention 
of  the  L«'gislature — when  the  trial  of  War- 
ren Hastings,  whieh  called  forth  a  richer 
display  ol  talent  and  eloquence  than,  per- 
haps, any  (ithir  single  event  ot  modern 
time'',  employed  its  nsornings,  and  the 
monientons  bubjeei  of  the  French  Re- 
volution engrossed  it»  midnight  hours. 
The  .struggle  ilun  was  not  for  tariffs, 
or  taxes,  or  chiiinutes.  but  for  the  most 
inq)oriant  rtligiou^  and  political  principles, 
inv«>lv!i'g  nothing  les-.-  tlun  the  existence 
of  nation'i,  the  security  of  the  bands  which 
h«  111  siM-iety  together,  the  piotection  of 
the  weak  fVoni  the  nggrn^ions  ot  the 
slmiig,  the  ]»nblie  uKiinit-n.iiice  of  religion, 
nay,  the  veiy  aiknowleduMuent  of  the  ex- 
istericc  of  a  <  ind.  Nor  were  minds  w  anting 
equal  to  the  d<.fe[H\-  of  sueh  momentuus 
iiiMTt'St-.  •*  'Piii'e  Wtie,  inifrt'tl,  giants 
iri  those  day^,"  and  it  is  a  m>»l  convincing 
proof  of  ttje  inknowb-'dged  merits  and 
eniini  nee  ol  tl.r  ••ubjeel  I'l  tlii-  nicmuir 
thut  1  e  -hutsld  have  luen  Mh.ete«l  by  Pitt 
til  pu.-iiie  nver  tin  deiibr:atii<n'i  ut  Mich 
iiua,  uM'.i  tliaf  .-.t  the  ivpiiation  i.f  twelve 
yiai-  hf  »-lii'iil.l  only  liave  rrliMqui^hed 
thi'*  Irn-t  at  tin'  i  iniLs!  conin-.an  !  ot  his 
S«»vereii.ij,  to   oeenjiy   the   highest  oflice 


Obituajiy.— Fwrottfl/  Sidmouth 
in  a  Sovereign'!  power  to 


184^0 

whtcb  it 
b«9tow. 

The   cfanrflcter  and   conduct  of  Mr. 
lAddington  from   tbat   perioct   belong   to 
ly^torx;    and   when    the    suitable    timer 
KiO  eagerl?  to  be  desired  by  f'vcry  hoticfit 
[and  oprigDt  staCiMioian)  for  disci o^in^  to 
filie  world  tbe  rctil  motivea,  courac,  ntid 
I  limits  of  bii  policy  ehull  have   urriTcd, 
[  the  tliirtv-etght  montbii  of  hl«  brief  ftd- 
^inini^triLtiori  will  be  found,  it  it  believed, 
rto  euiitnin  Qh  mnny  proofs  on  the  part  of 
[tbc  prime  rntniatL'r  of  nttacbment  to  his 
Boverelgu,  of  devotion  to   hit  country, 
I  and  of  an  ardent  love  of  pence  combined 
^Vfitb  a  ftrrHf  vigilant,  and  umromproiDising 
%nee  to  the  endleis  encrotchmentf 
r§  foreign  enemy,  at  could  be  found  in 
r«ny  other  portion  of  the  annds  of  tlut 
'  country.     It  19  not  however  the  province 
of  penodical  literature  to  anticipate  the 
f  oftice  of  the  historian,   by   pronouncing 
I  judgment  on  the  miniNter  who  guided  tbo 
I  BOunciif  of  the  atate  at  thai  most  ovent- 
[  fu)  CI  i  sis  I  before  the  facts  which  alone 
I  conduct  to  an  impariial  decision  shall 
^liBve   been   fully   disclosed.     It  will   be 
aufficient  to  observe  io   this  place,  that 
[  Mr.  Addington  assumed  th«  Government 
f  at   a    time  when  the  nation   was    dis* 
Jieartened  and  exhausted  by  a  protncted 
>  and  (on  the  part  at  least  of  bar  allies), 
most   unfuccussful  wor.     Under    these 
circumstance*  the  pubUc  were  clamorous 
for  peace,  and  Mr.  Addington  had  the 
inarit  to  obiain  for  thcin  that  blcs»ing^ 
on  tcrmi  which  were  admitted  by  a  great 
maiority  both   wtthin    and  without  the 
walls   of  pHrliameiU    to   be    favourable 
beyond  expectation.     It  soon  appeared, 
however,  tbat  it  state  of  peace  was  jn. 
compatible  w'tb  the  policy  of  tha  Arst 
consul  of  France,  who,  aa  has  ainoa  a|>- 
peared,  conaidered  success  in  war  eaaential 
to  his  political  existence,     liencc  ensued 
a  series  of  aggressiions   on   the  part  of 
Napoleon  which  at  length  compelled  the 
British  Government  to  declare  war,  be- 
cause, ai  Mr.   Addington   explained   to 
the    fiou9e  of    Commons,  "it   was  no 
longer  possible  with  honour   to  remain 
at  peace." 

in  this  opinion  the  FaHiamenl  and 
whole  country  concurred;  and  it  baa  been 
well  observed  that  the  contest  was  re* 
newed  with  a  ganaral  conviction  of  its 
necessity,  and  a  consequent  unanimity 
of  effort,  unknown  during  the  prcviout 
struggle ;  nor  wns  this  the  only  good  re- 
suit  of  the  minister's  policy.  Brief  as 
was  the  opportunity  of  repose  afforded 
by  the  peace,  it  stm  was  found   highly 

It    "  '  '   '    r  -  *'      '    :rnge  and 

trcngtb, 
1  ..^  .-_  ,  ^::i  .  :..i\>li«lay. 


4!21 


ing  the  foundations  of  IbcMie  gigantic  cf* 
forts  which  enabled  succeeding  ministeft 
to  conduct  the  renewed  contest  to  a  suc- 
cessful termination.  The  first  import* 
ant  event  was  Napoleon's  tbreatcried  in. 
vasion  of  this  country.  The  war  htid  now 
become  desperate^ England  bad  bitberto 
fought  for  victory ;  she  had  now,  aa  it 
appeared,  to  struggle  for  existence  s  the 
efiorts  however  which  she  made  under  her 
brave  Kiog  to  preserve  her  lacred  soil 
inviolate  from  boadla  aggression  seem  to 
have  been  fully  sufficient  for  the  purposei 
since  Mr.  Addington  had  at  that  time  in 
England,  including  militia  and  volunteers^ 
about  a  million  of  men  under  arms. 

Unexampled  however  in  magnitude  at 
the&e  preparations  were,  Mr.  rttt  never* 
tbeless  oonsldcred  Cbem  insufficient ;  and 
in  conaequeooe  united  himself,  on  tbia 
solitary  occasion,  with  Mr.  Fox,  for  the 
purpose  of  opposing  the  Government. 
It  is  not  our  present  intention  to  enter 
upon  the  motives  which  led  to  Mr.  Ad* 
dington*$  resignation.  We  ahali  only  re* 
mark,  that  the  chief  power  in  the  state 
was  never  with  bim  an  obiect  of  ambi- 
tion, and  tbat  be  bad  only  assumed  it 
originally  at  bis  Soveivign's  earnest  da* 
sire  I  postponing,  on  this  as  on  ali  otbac 
occasions,  his  personal  inclinations  to 
bis  sfrRaa  of  public  duty.  When  thera* 
fore  circumstances,' of  which  to  apeak 
more  particularly  now  would  be  prema. 
ttire,  convinced  him  that  it  bad  become 
bis  duty  to  retire,  be  resigned  the  helm 
of  state  with  much  more  latiafaction  thati 
moat  men  probably  would  have  experi- 
enced on  assuming  it. 

The  prevailing  cbarscteristii^  of  Mr. 
Adding ton'»  government  were  tbote  of 
bis  whole  conduct  throughout  life,  firm* 
nassj  consistency,  honour,  and  truth.  Ue 
manifested  an  inflexible  tenaciousness  of 
puqiose,  combined  ^^itb  the  utmost  gen* 
tleness  of  temper,  suavity  of  mannerSp 
kindness  of  di<(position,  and  integrity  of 
heart.  Added  to  this  he  was  so  remark- 
ably exempt  from  the  sensation  of  fear« 
that  his  friends  believe  he  never  bad  felt 
what  it  was. 

TheK  qualities  singularly  cootnuted 
with  those  of  the  Macbiavetian  piditician 
of  France  with  whom  he  bad  to  deal* 
Fortified,  however,  by  bis  own  eterlitm 

Crtnriules,  the  British  Minister  shewed 
imself  no  unefiual  match  for  his  crafty 
antagonist,  who  obtninrr!  m,  ndranlMa 
over  bim  either  in   tl  tioiia  for 

the  peace   or  in  those  ct'dodtiM 

war. 

The  course  which  Mr,  Addington  pur- 
sued after  hi;)  roignatiou  was  moderaie 
and  dignified,  furnishinig  en  eaunple,  fv 
luable  in  proportion  to  Ita  nrify,  t^  alt 


I 


filtori*  ii|ii(i«Am(*r^  At  Uiin  tiiuc,  unci 
UifttufiJHMd  liin  (loiilN'Ml  rjirt^cr,  lie  not 
only  I'mviuUy  tthNtiiituul  from  nil  fnetiods 
D|*|HiHifioM,  but  iut  lull  It  (o  W  III 6  duty 
tu  hiifi|if)irt  i\w  Govt'Tiiment  o\  ll>i»  tlay  in 
JH^  i»vtiry  ini'tiHurv  thmt  mi^ht  urn*- 
III  tbeiii,  of  wbich  he  ('mild  con. 
luUily  oft|irnvi*, 

Ih'  litid  been  hoiioyicfl  with  tb«*  oppeU 
111(101101(110  Ktii^''i»  FiifMiil,  tuK!  his  tk*. 
yoUni  mid  revi*irmiul  nttuchim*Jit  to  thiit 
]mtrii>ti(?  itihl  I'liiiNtiiiii  IVince  imide  him 
i|]wuy«  ri'dtly  to  mirriJliH^  jjnvute  i  net  inn - 
tbn  lit  tliuoiill  111  bin  King  iinri  Countrv. 

In  olHMllriHiif  t(i  ««trli  piintipleN^  he 
•citric |itt^i|  tilTii  (%  liiiil  liiii'iiint;  n  member  of 
Air,  l*ttt'h  fj^tivnitumntr,  ns  Vienidcnt  of 
tti4i  Cyoiiitril,  in  Juil  iBn/i^  nil  vvhlfh  oe- 
cuiioii,  111  ritnujvo  dillknltirft  witiuh  nt?<^d 
not  lu^rtHu'  t'jipUnned.  bu  ri'lui^iHiiily  iic. 
^uptt^d  II  iiii<rHgi%  ttiid  tiiidc  ii  It  mil  itd  Unt 
lo  thttt  UauM'  over  whioh  bu  had  long 
■o  iihly  prt'§jdcd,  nnd  ivbit'b  wus  the  cbier 
iriit  ot"  hi»  pfipiibinty,  lie  resigned  the 
Preaidrntublp  in  July  following. 

Lord  Sidnionlb  uIho  uccepted  olTiee^ 
illcr  Mr.  l*itf'H  dtnilli^  a6  Luid  Privy 
■eal  wilh  Mr.  Fox  *ind  Lord  Grt*fi- 
▼JHt?  in  Fi'b,  MW,  und  in  Oct.  tol- 
lowin^  he  ngiiin  hci'ume  President  of 
th«  L'onncii.  In  March  1907  be  gave 
pJAce,  us  ht»  b«d  done  before,  to  Earl  (uf- 
tcrwurdn  MMrnnus*)  Ciimdin :  but  in 
^prij  IH\2  hv  beeiiitTti  ii  iViird  time  Lord 
Prwident  under  Mr.  Pi?reevttL 

It  WAS  not,  however,  uulil  the 
formation  of  Lord  Liverpoot's  govern- 
tticiU  ufter  Mr,  Pcrtevul's  tragienl  denth 
in  the  Mme  year  that  ht*  ugain  took  u 
very  prominent  pBit  in  public  aifmrs. 
He  Chen*  tit  the:  piirticuinr  ri'qtiest  of 
Lord  Liverpool,  accepted  the  urduous 
And  re^ponflible  position  of  Sccretiary  of 
State  lor  tb<;  ^lome  Departmcritp  in 
wbicb^  durinf^  ten  veurA  of  unusiual  ex. 
citement  in  the  lield  of  domestic  polilics, 
be  exhibited  wisdom  und  moral  coyrage 
of  tbe  highest  order.  Throughout  that 
period  be  lived  in  n  perjietual  Btorifi, 
repressing  efery  attempt  to  create  dis- 
turbance, and  fo  clog  the  wheels  of 
government,  with  con^tmit  vigilutice  and 
um*ompromi»ing  6rmne»« ;  no  sooner  did 
aeditiiNi  anywhere  uppear  thun  it  wsa 
iinmidiately  crushed.  It  will  rendily  be 
imagined  that  such  rigour  ot  udministra- 
tion  frequently  cxpo«ied  him  (u  afttieks 
and  accttsatiorti ;  but  thene  he  cither 
calmly  ditregnrded  or  repelled  in  the 
spirit  of  f^ONsinous  rectitude.  Fre<^ucnt 
were  the  atfempt*  made,  in  the  been - 
ttouHne<^s  of  liberty,  to  evude  or  resi»t  the 
kwn,  and.  by  means  of  numerotiily  at- 
!  ni'ditiwn  iDWMings*  10  spread 
and  cOBfiiitoli  tkfougb  tiitf   Isnd. 


These,  in  evcfj  imm 
him   with   Brmmmm  ( 

inileiribilitx.  The  Imm 
was  plain,  at  in  dm  tiwia  «f  llit  |«^ 
ditea  and  tiie  yruittfBti—  ut  Bam^ 
others  at  York,  was  cttplMvd  ta  ib. 
dieate  ber  o«m  an^temy,  tm  odmr  ». 
fitanees,  where  tbi*  was  wm^fKmSkmMt^  \§ 
hesitated  not  to  mff\j  to  tlie  It^idmm 
for  the  necesoary  poorgfm  to  b«I  dpta 
evils  rigatiist  iwbid)  the  eaisCiM  iww  |i». 
vided  no  adequate  reoscdj.  Of  i^  «iB 
that  passed,  some  w<e«e  ooljr  tcfHiMj^ 
but  others,  we  believe,  stiQ  tomObmt  a 
portion  of  mir  mnitiial  |«w,  aai  <■. 
operate  in  protecting  tbe  peaogfal  ^Mf 
ilffainst  the  turbulent  and  tjmMiicBl  lev. 
The  most  decisive  of  all  l^ofA  Sci* 
mouth's  measures  as  Hoiite  Secretarraai 
bis  dispersion,  in  August  l%\9^  mt  lie 
great  meeting  st  Mjincheater,  fata  mnwA 
of  the  leaders,  and  bia  aubae<|iiefi.f  4H^>aei 
of  the  maf^stratea  who  act^  oa  tfeaC  m* 
casion.  For  this  proceeding,  tho^^  It 
occasioned  the  imallest  possible  baa  al 
life,  and,  by  putting  an  end  te  iaek 
meetings  for  the  future,  was  tbe  Ri«aat 
of  averting:  most  serious  evils,  be  tnu 
loudly  and  bitterly  ariHigiied,  botb  sn  aad 
out  of  Parliament,  by  those  wbo  tin 
stood  little  either  of  the  cbar«cter  of 
man  they  attacked,  or  of  tbe  m^^i 
of  the  danger  from  which  his  pronipf 

vigorous    interference    had    rescued 

country.  But,  whatever  redeetioDi«  g^ 
persons  may  have  east  upon  bis  coi 
on  this  occasion,  it  commanded  tbe 
contidence  ol  his  sovereign,  his  colle__ 
and  that  branch  of  the  legislature  to  wl 
be  now  belonged.  He  himself  also 
with  satisfaction  upon  it  on  a  deb! 
review  in  after  years;  and  when^ 
subsequently,  a  totally  diflferrnt  i 
was  pursued  at  Bristol,  and  inebiiali-d 
wretches  were  permitted  unrbeckcd  to 
gather  numbers  and  boldness,  inttil  ibry 
proceeded  to  plunder  and  de§trof  palaeea, 
public  buildings,  and  private  houses,  and 
at  lej>grh  perished  in  untold  numt)er»  bj 
the  swords  of  the  military,  or  in  the  con- 
rttigrtttions  which  their  own  hands  had 
kindled,  how  must  his  mir>d  have  been 
struek  with  the  contrast  between  tbU 
awful  sacrittce  of  life  und  properly,  mn4 
the  protection  ulforded  to  both  at  JdaA* 
chc§teT  by  bis  own  wise  and  timely  ttitcfr 
ference. 

The  other  leading  event  of  his  lofi. 
ship's  administnition  at  the  Home  Olllet^ 
\vn9  the  fiingutnary  pbt  formed  by  Thfa« 
tlewood  and  others,  in  the  ftpnng  of  JMl^ 
to  aiiAssimife  the  whole  of  the  ICitt|c*a 
ministers  when  assembled  at  a  eabitiet 
dinner.  But  we  will  not  dwell  on  this 
insane  and  bloody  project.     Tbrgugh  tbe 


18440 


OBITtABY.*— KlVcOUW/  Sidmonih^ 


vigilance  of  tlio  Home  Secrctiiry,  and  slili 
more  thrmij;h  (Jod's  inerfiful  interfrreiice, 
it  WAS  providentially  f]ii»tmted«  mid  the 
df^^tnii'tiuii  wbii!lii  those  wicktid  men  hnd 

{H'epiired  foi-  utliera  fell  upon  th«ir  own 
teads. 

The  buhjeet  of  this  memoir  wnf*  now 
BdviiiidiijbC  lit  years,  nearly  foily  uf  which 
hv  hud  passed  in  the  public  service  ot  \m 
cuuiiti  J  \  (jbeying,  therefore,  that  admo- 
f  lit  ion  from  wHhin^  which  prompts  ua  to 
interpose  some  interval  of  leisure  between 
the  duties  oi  a  public  life  and  our  fiual 
prej>amtions  for  eternity,  tnid  leeling 
perfmpi*  the  approaches  of  age  hefore 
they  had  become  perceptible  to  others, 
he  resolved  at  length  to  withdraw  into 
the  privacy  of  domestic  life,  and  in  1822 
tendered  to  the  King  hi^'i  resignation, 
which  WttH  grnciousty  but  reluctantly  ac- 
cepted. Still,  however,  at  the  express 
dcisire  of  his  mftjesty,  and  the  earnest 
request  of  Lord  Liverpool,  lie  retained 
hits  seat  in  the  cabinet,  thm]^h  without 
ofliee,  for  two  years  longtr,  and  then,  in 
1821,  retired  finiiily  from  official  lile» 

It  is  pot  our  iiitention  to  foHow  the 
venerahle  ititesraan  through  the  twenty 
year^  of  calm,  di|;nified»  (hrititian  retire- 
ment,  which  be  was  permitted  to  enjoy. 
To  the  last,  be  took  ihtit  deep  interest 
which  a  true  patriot  must  ever  take  in 
the  welfare  of  big  counU'y,  lamenting  over 
all  inva»ionB  of  it6  constitution,  rejoicing 
at  its  prosperity,  and,  in  its  adversity* 
always  looking  lor  ward  in  search  of  a 
hngbler  prospect ;  for  he  was  one  of  the 
mu^t  sanguine  of  men,  and  nottring  could 
ever  induce  bini  to  det^portd.  Fruin  his 
fiuburbun  retirement  in  Richmond  Park 
he  continued  to  pay  ctirefnl  attention  to 
bib  duties  U8  a  peer  of  Parliament,  giving 
hi;;  persotMii  attt^ndnnee  on  all  important 
qitestionsi  a*  long  as  health  permitted, 
nnd  afterwards  to  the  iai«t  entrusting  hta 
proxy  to  his  old  and  vnlued  liiend  nnd 
col  league,  l^id  Oextey.  In  thi^  manner 
he  particiTiated  mo^^t  usefully  in  that  pro- 
longed, arduous,  and  siK-cesHful  struggle 
in  defence  of  the  British  conslilotiun, 
which  haf^  entitled  the  l!oy*»e  of  Lordn  to 
the  gratitude  of  the  existing  generation, 
and  the  admiration  of  posterity.  His 
vote  on  every  occa»iion  waa  governed  by 
a  consistent  adherence  to  established 
principles;  for,  like  bis  royal  master 
(jeorge  the  1  bird,  he  entertained  a  rooted 
dislike  to  the  doctrine  of  expediency,  in 
every  lorm.  Hence,  as  each  momeutous 
que«(tion  arose,  it  was  easy  for  those  who 
kovvv  him  well  to  aulieipute  what  his 
decision  upon  it  would  be.  Thuf:,  no 
tnie  was  surprised,  when,  in  oppo<^ition 
to  some  of  the  most  valued  nnd  honoured 
of  \m  Immrr  coUeapics,  be  reiisted  the 


Horn  an  Catholic  Relief  Bill,  even  to  the 
last  division  upon  the  Third  Reudinc^. 
It  WHS  during  the  discussions  on  that  Bit], 
that  he  made,  as  is  believed.  Ins  last 
speech  in  Parltameiit,  It  was  ueeivcd 
with  the  attention  and  rei^pect  it  ^vell  de* 
served,  but  inadt  nupariicnlar impression  j 
and  indeed  it  must  be  admit  ted  ihut  bis 
oratorical  powers  did  not  fully  e<|nal  his 
other  qualifications,  or  place  bmi  on  a 
par  with  those  distinguished  masters  in 
the  practice  of  eloquence,  amongst  whom 
bis  earlier  years  were  passed.  He  wns 
himself  fully  conscious  of  the  absence  of 
tids  faculty,  and  frequently  regretted  it, 
for  no  man  was  ever  more  alive  to  the 
atiractions  of  oratory  than  he  was.  He 
had  for  twelve  years  presided  over  en 
assembly  which  included  such  a  consteUa- 
tion  of  eloquent  men,  as  the  world  pro- 
bnbly  had  never  before  contained,  und 
a  taste  fovmed  on  those  models  could  not 
easily  be  pleased.  Hence  be  was  dis- 
satisJied  wilb  his  own  oratorical  powers ; 
and  to  this  feeling  the  disinclination  he 
shewed  to  engage  in  etforts  of  that  de- 
scrijition  in  ay  possibly  be  attributed. 
Thus,  bis  motives  being  mi  sunder  j^tood 
for  want  of  sufBcient  explanation,  hia 
character  as  a  statesman  has  not  received 
that  justice  from  contemporary  history 
which  impartial  posterity  will  undoubtedly 
award  to  it. 

Three  facU,  exemplifying  hia  disinter- 
estedness and  contempt  of  sordid  lucre, 
must  not  remain  unnoticed.  One  is,  that 
eight  years  before  bis  death  he  voluntarily 
resigned  a  pension  of  3fMX>/,  per  annum, 
which  was  secured  to  him  by  Act  of 
Parliament,  and  which  he  might  with 
perlect  propriety  have  retained  till  his 
death ;  hut  which,  feeling  that  from 
altered  circumstances  he  did  not  particu- 
IttrJy  require  it,  he  thought  it  right  to  re- 
linquish. The  'iecond  sbiill  be  related  in 
(he  words  of  a  highly  respected  felloif 
stilt esman  still  surviving,  which  are  re- 
corded ill  the  Annual  Register  for  1807, 
pnge  119,  in  the  report  of  the  debate 
that  arose  in  consecpience  of  the  pre- 
sumed intention  of  the  Crown  to  grant  to 
the  new  prime  minister,  Mr,  Perceval.  , 
the  ofiice  of  Cbancellor  of  the  Duchy  of 
Lancaster  for  life.  **  Lord  Henry  Petty 
said^A  recent  and  very  renmrkable  case 
had  occurred  in  corroboration  of  bis 
opinion,  that  the  Crown  ought  to  have  i 
been  advised  to  limit  its  power  *»»rd  pre- 
rogatives of  rewarding  eminertt  >ervicefl 
by  granting  places  tor  life.  On  an 
arrangement  that  was  then  propo>^ed,  this 
very  place  wasoflTered  to  Lord  Sidrnouili^  j 
who  had  rendered  considerable  services  j 
during  bis  long  and  rm  fitorious  di.Hcharge  1 
ol  his  duties  as  .Sinaker  of  fhe  Hutise  of| 


Ontrv^HY.^'Lord  Douglas. 


424 


Commop-a.  Lord  SidmODth  declined  it. 
sayinc  hf  cuilii  not  lirine  him«elf  to  be 
in!>trumor>tai  in  alioriittinc  frum  thi'  ('ru\Mi 
the  moB*:«  of  rewardiiiir  ^iUtiT  pufilic 
ven'ii*e«  !hati  lie.  a.«  vol,  had  been  ab!e  to 
pertorm.' 

The  third  fact  i«  siiffiriciitly  ixpIdincJ 
in  the  preface  to  tlu-  fi»IIo\niik'  Imip-, 
which,  though  printed  ;inonymijii»ily. 
obtained  coii!»idcra)>]e  cirnilation  at  th«' 
period  of  hi"!  re^iirnatioii  o(  t!ie  L'<*veni- 
ment  in  I^U  : 

Lin  ft  uh   ^tr.   .ItliliiitjtoM'*  Jlts'tjnii'u,it     fiii'l 

or  Prrratff. 

JjttothfT-  yrviU.iXr  liail  t?i.-  rNj-i,'  -»":n, 
Pn"»Uilrr,  1  Ixtw  to  that  wl.n-..'  i"..i;r-«  i^  rtui— 
And  n«*viT  di.t  tli-  rtaiiiiiiir  irJ-  ^f  •fa> . 
When  weMwani  liarti- 1  \,i-.  «l—'riT;ilii»_»  ray, 
From  III*'  va«*t"'iiii.iri-  of  thr  -kit  ■«  n-tire. 
With  hhfhtrr  syU  wUnr,  "T  wiili  |Minr  lire. 

Jjord  Sidniouih  mi'dx  <^i](-iii!\  dcrlineil 
both  uti  LiirMoin  and  thj  <  >r'iiT  at  *]\e 
Garter.  fiTtTcd  to  Li"  at'H'j>!uiici'  by  hii 
gracioiio  ••ovirti^n. 

Lord  Sidniouth  wa^  twice  i.  .rried  : 
first,  to  Ursula- !Marv,  d.iujrh'rr  and  co- 
heirc««>  of  Ix'oiiaid  liuniiiunid,  di  <'hciin). 
CO.  Surrey,  esq.  ;  »h»*  died  June  '2:i  IHll  : 
■iid,  secondly,  Jnly  'J*.*,  I^'^.'i,  to  the  Hon. 
l^lurianni*.  widow  of  Thoni:i>>  Town  send, 
of  Honin^rton  Paik,  (o.  Warwirk,  c<ii. 
and  only  dauf^htir,  and  nt  Ii/nprh  hcirc>s, 
of  his  old  Iriend  Sir  William  Scott,  ihe 
latu  Lord  Slowell.  Tlii>«  iady  uKti:  W3< 
his  nn^jortunc  to  surxivi-,  >lii'  dy'w.,:  on 
the  '-^liih  .April,  I  SI?. 

'I'he  f)r!»l  Lady  Siil.iii)ii;h  h.-id  e'::Iu 
childn-n.  (d  wliorn  one  mi:i  and  four 
dan^htei<i '^nrvivL'.;  \iz.  1.  tlie  iioii.  IK-rny 
Addingtoii.  wlio  died  in  I^:^.'>,  uLcd  -J?; 
3.  n  Nrm  wlio  died  an  infant  in  ITV';  ■!. 
the  Hi>;ht  lion.  Wiiliani-L-  irpurd  now 
ViHCOiint  Sidmotiih;  1.  tlie  Ilnn.  .Mury 
Aiinu  Ursula  Addington,nnniiii lied;. J.  tiie 
lion.  Francos,  iiianied  in  l^'^il  to  tlic 
Hon.  and  Very  Kev.  <ieiirj;e  I*ellew, 
Dean  of  Norwich,  and  has  i^^ue;  0.  the 
Hon.  Chiulotti',  man  ill!  in  IKiS  to  the 
lli'V.  Horace  (fojc  CniriejT.  a  *.on  who 
died  an  infant  in  W.*^  ;  :tnd  S.  the  Hon. 
Harrier,  inaim-d  in  is.'js  to  Tlninia.o 
Jlarkcr  \VaII,es<j.  'I'he  prc*ent  \i-einnit  is 
ill  holy  ordeis  ;  and  mairicd  in  |s;>(»  Mary, 
diiUKlifer  of  llitr  l;it(;  Ki.v.  John  Vonn^', 
Heclnr  of  'I'Iioijh-,  Northamptonshire,  hy 
whom  li-    has  thveii  cliildr<-n. 

U'»- • ;  II  heic  ehfM' our  brief,  but,  we 
hope,  '  .ilnl  ru-firtliif  tlii-^vetcan  states ■ 
mull  til  ti.i-  olileii  time,! Ill-,  valiud  associate 
mid  madjnlor  of  the  meat  leaders  l>oth 
i»l  Ihe  pit*-!  and  the  existing,'  race  of 
itolUleiiiiiN.ihi^  tl.elust  (until  now)  remain- 
iiin  bilk  of  the  <hain  which  once  united  two 
BMeh  Uifully  <litrcrcnt  aeras  and  syBtwns  us 
II 


[April, 


those  of  Georpc  IIL  and  Victoria  J,    The 
period,  iifrhap*.  has  not  cren  yet  arrived 
when  full  justice  can  be  rendered  to  the 
ptibhe  character  of  this  piouis  and  upright 
minister.     For,  enjojmir  a.*:  we  now  are, 
the   blespi?..'*  iiurcha^ed   by  our  rat  hers" 
dopLrate  life-stnigde^,   and  accustomed 
to    deal   only  with   the   petty   ni:«chief. 
makers  (,f  thi«  coinp.iiativeH'  pacific  age, 
we  ran  form  no  adequate  conception  of 
the  ditficuliiis  mcuuntered  by  him   who 
puded    the   ves'sel    of  the   state  at    that 
moment   of  ].«.ril.    wl:..  n    the   surface    of 
society    throughout   t!:e   civilized    world 
was  he:ivin^'  in  ti  rr;lir  fermentation.      But 
the  tin:e  v,  ill  cnnie  w!.Ln  the  «print:s  and 
motives  of  L«i:d   Siiimoiifh's  policy  will 
be  ki!oi\n,  and  eo!isiiJcred  iji  connection 
with  the  rireiim.-tances  by  which  it  wa* 
necessarily  intlnenred,  and  thi.ii  biro  priii- 
ciples  and  con.Iuct.  in  the  fultihnent  of 
most  arduous  dut:e'«  under  difficu!tie<i  the 
mo^t  .-•.•paUinj.  will  be  appreciated  and 
record. d  as  they  deservi-.     It  will   then 
b^'  udiriited  thiit.althoiiirh  he  was  not  the 
^•nati'st  in  thnt  croiinc  of  nolle-minded 
men    which    ni.ide  tl'.c  ape  in   which  he 
tlourishid   ior   evi  r   memorable,  he  still 
posjesseil   niinuti:us  fjualities  of  a  very 
high  order  in  theins<.lvts,  and  ]}eculiarly 
iiuitcd  to  tlu^^e  tr\in^  and  perilous  tinu'j«, 
which  enabled  him  to  render  most  e^siential 
services   to  Iiis  country.     But,  although 
his  public  chdractrr  cannot  probablr  be 
cor.sidcicd   quite  entitled  to  the  epithet 
ffreaf,    it    is    universally    admitted    that 
in    private  life  he  possessed  every  qua- 
lification    entitlinq    him    to   the  appelia- 
tion  ot  f/ood,  and  calculated  to  win  oriT 
and  hind  to  him^cIt  the  hearts  of  all  who 
knew  him.      It  was  impossible,  indeed, 
to  Ih.'  in   !ii<    socii  ty   and  hear  his  con. 
versatitui    without  lovinp  and  respecting 
hinij    :in<i,  ulthuu^h  Intferly   those   who 
eiijovi  >l  tiji>  ar!vani;:;Ki  were  com par.il ively 
few,  tiieie  is  not  one  of  tiiat  privile^'ed 
niim!).  r  who,  <mi  reflecting'  up<»n  his  many 
public  aiiil    yet    mmc   numerous   private 
virtius,  would  not  unite  heartily  in  the 
exclamation  ~ 

•*  lie  was  a  m.m,  tale  frmfur  all  in  all. 
We  m.'er  >l;a!!  look  ujim  hi>  like  at;ain." 


LoKI)    Doli^LAS. 

Jun.  27.  A»  I5««thweil  <'astle.  Hamil- 
ton,  a^'ed  70,  liie  Hi^ht  lion.  Archibald 
Douglas,  secr.nd  H.iion  Douglas  of 
Douglas  Castle,  co.  Lanark. 

His  lordship  w.ts  born  in  London, 
March  -iJ,  I77.'>,  the  eldest  son  of  -Archi- 
bald first  Lord  Dou<^'las  of  the  creation 
of  l7fH.>,  by  his  first  wife  Ludy  Lucy 
(rraham,  daiigiiter  of  William  second 
Duke  of  Montrose.  He  was  formerly 
Colonel  of  the   Forfarshire  militia,  and 


J844.] 


OBiTVAXt^^Loti  Douffki.-^L9r4  Wallace. 


425 


lucceeded  bis  fiither  in  the  peerage,  Dee. 
£6,  1827.  His  lordship  was  a  Conser- 
vative  in  politics,  and  voted  with  the  ma- 
jority against  the  Reforon  biN,  which 
ousted  Lord  Grey's  ministry,  May  7, 18S8. 

It  would  be  almost  impossible  t«  speak 
too  highly  of  the  deceased  nobleman's 
generosity  and  goodness  of  heart.  In  Us 
lordship  the  really  deserving  have  lost 
a  kind  patron — the  poor  a  genereue  hene- 
faetor — and  those  of  his  own  househeM 
(where  be  was  venerated  and  beloved  as 
a  parent)  an  indvlgeat  aad  most  be- 
nevolent master.  Over  the  villages  of 
Douglas  and  Bothwell,  and  indeed  the 
whole  county,  a  deep  gloom  has  been 
cast  by  the  demise  o(  bis  lordship,  al- 
though the  melancholy  event  was  looked 
forward  to,  for  some  time,  with  feelings 
of  alarm.  His  lordship  had  been  long  in 
delicate  health,  and  was  assiduously  at- 
tended during  his  illness  by  Dr.  Wfaarrie, 
of  Hamilton,  and  occasionally  by  Dr. 
Burns,  of  Glasgow. 

Lord  Douglas  was  mtmarried.  The 
heir  to  the  title  and  estates  is  his  lord- 
ship's brother,  the  Hon.  Charles  Douglas, 
born  1775,  who  is  also  a  bachelor,  and 
bns  long  been  in  a  bad  state  of  health. 
Their  only  other  surviving  brother,  the 
Hon.  and  Rev.  James  Douglas,  Rector 
of  Broughton,  Northamptonshire,  and  of 
Marsh  Gibbon,  Bucks,  is  married,  but 
has  no  issue. 

In  connection  with  the  late  peef'a 
demise,  it  may  not  be  out  of  place  to  give 
a  brief  sketch  of  his  lineage,  and  bis  pro- 
pinquity  to  the  last  peer  of  the  ancient 
and  noble  Scotish  House  of  Douglas. 
Sir  John  Stewart  of  GmndtuUy  (brother 
and  successor  of  Sir  George  Stewart  of 
Balca^kie,  who  inherited  the  estate  of 
Grandtiilly,  and  second  son  of  Sir  Thomas 
Stewart,  of  Balcaskie,  created  a  Baronet 
of  Nova  Scotia  on  the  2d  of  January, 
1083),  married  for  his  second  wife  the 
Lady  Jane  Douglas,  only  daughter  of 
James  second  Marquess  of  Douglas,  by 
whom  he  had  two  sons  (twins)  — Sholto, 
the  younger,  who  died  in  infancy,  and 
Archibald  Stewart,  the  father  of  the  re- 
cently deceased  peer.  This  gentleman, 
on  the  demise  of  his  uncle,  Archibald 
Duke  of  Douglas,  without  issue,  the  SIst 
of  July,  1761  (when  the  dukedom  ex- 
pired), was  returned  heir  of  line  and  pro* 
vision  to  that  nobleman ;  but  the  giiar* 
diuns  of  James-  George  Duke  of  Hamil- 
ton, then  a  minor,  who  had  inherited  his 
Grace's  Marquisate  of  Douglas,  dis- 
puting the  return  on  the  ground  of  Mr. 
Stewart's  birth  being  surreptitious,  and 
the  Scotish  Courts  determining  in  favour 
of  Hamilton,  an  appeal  was  made  to  the 
House  of  Lords,  who  reversed  the  judg- 

Gent.  Mag.  Vol.  XXI. 


ment  of  the  Court  of  Session,  on  the 
27th  of  February.  1769.  This  suit, 
which  was  so  well  known  as  the  *'  Great 
Douglas  Cftuse,*'  not  only  iu  this  king, 
dom,  but  over  all  Europe,  was  one  of 
the  HKMt  extraordinary  ami  most  interest- 
ing eiPer  litigated.  Persons  are  only 
recently  decMsed  vrho  remembered  tha 
deep  exritement  which  the  great  plen 
occasioned  in  the  Middle  and  Upper 
Wards  of  Lanarkshire,  where  it  was  dis- 
csssed  and  commented  on  to  the  exclu- 
sion of  every  other  topic,  and  indeed  no 
event  since  the  battle  of  Bothwell  Brig 
had  taken  such  a  bold  on  the  minds  of  the 
farmers  and  peasantrv.  Like  that  me- 
morable event  in  bcotish  story,  the 
Douglas  cause  is  the  subject  of  frequent 
allusion  at  the  rural  firesides  of  Lanark* 
shire  even  yet.  The  plea  of  Sir  John 
Stewart  was  that  his  twin  sons,  by  Lady 
Jane  Douglas,  were  bom  at  the  house  oiP 
a  Madame  le  Bnin,  on  the  IO(h  of  July, 
1748,  in  the  Faubourg  St.  Germdin  at 
Paris,  her  ladyship  being  then  in  her  51st 
year,  and  the  verity  of  Mr.  Stewart's 
oescent  was  stamped  by  the  judgment  of 
Lord  Mansfield,  and  the  other  legal 
members  of  the  House  of  Lords,  which 
confirmed  him  in  the  possession  of  the 
Douglas  estates.  It  may  be  mentioned 
that  the  feud  between  the  Hamiltons  and 
the  Douglases  has  now  passed  away,  and 
a  kindly  feeling  has  arisen  in  its  place. 
This  was  beautifully  exemplified  in  Sep- 
tember last,  when  the  heir  of  Hamilton 
conveyed  the  Princess  Marie  of  Baden  to 
the  palace  of  his  ancestors,  as  his  bride, 
and  on  which  occasion  the  Douglas 
tenantry  joined  in  the  triumphal  escort, 
shoulder  to  shoulder,  with  those  of  Ha- 
miltoti.  This  mark  of  respect  was  ac* 
corded,  we  believe,  with  the  full  con- 
currence of  Lord  Douglas  ;  and  the  cir- 
cumstance was  beautinilly  alluded  to  by 
Sheriff  Alison  in  bis  address  at  the 
banquet  which  followed.  Subsequent  to 
the  decision  of  the  House  of  Peers,  Mr. 
Stewart  assumed  the  surname  of  Douglas, 
and  was  elevated  to  the  peerage  as  Baron 
Douglas  of  Douglas  Castle,  on  the  9th 
of  July,  17dO.  A  memoir  of  him  will  be 
found  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for 
Feb.  1828,  p.  177. 

Lo&o  Wallace. 

Feft.  23.  At  bis  seat,  Featherstone 
Castle,  Northumberland,  aged  75,  the 
Right  Hon.  Thomas  Wallace,  Baron 
W^lace  of  Knaresdale,  co.  Northumber- 
land, a  Privy  Councillor,  D.C.L.,  &c. 

Lord  WaUace  was  sixth  in  descent  from 

Thomas  Wallace,  who  purchased  Unds  at 

Asbolme  in  the  parish  of  Halt  whistle  la 

Northumberland  in  1637.     Hit  father^ 

31 


\2h 


Obxtcary. —  Lord  H'allace. 


.TV,-'.*:.':.     ?ryn:C 

y    bv   y„:i.:.i<:.-j   ' 

of    KT.-».*e?'ia,v   a 


SO'  r :  M-.  J  .'.'.:;.=; 
fct  Ij:  rr. ;.'..:.  ::.  « 
itih  :-.rr..:y  \,r..t*::' 

'If.o.-?  •-'/:.':.  ::.  1T»V>.  Ht  c'.'.tzrw^Tfi'i  '[«:- 
tari.i;  r«..'"»r--  >'•'.'•  :?'.!:c;*or  ^-.r.  •  At:orTi<rv- 
g*-i.«:iiVi  K  f  .'  Gt^rje  tr.e  1  .'.:rd.  arid 
d:«d  :■•  r:.e  l.'Vrr  offite.  irj  IT^i"  By 
Ki-  ".•■t-:  E.  z»l>t:rM  o'.iy  ria'ii'-'.Ttr  M.d 
ifri.'T--!  r*r  Trorra*-  ^:rri;.-:o;.,  ot  C^rletori 
h'l.  .r,  C<jrrJi':'!iiri'i.  i— f^.  riV  £.:£4b«r*L. 
di'j.-r.t- :  h'A  ro-h^ir--*  of  John  Pa:'.i-  >:» 
or  M'i«««':;*ve  La".i.  t«'^.,  i-t  had  ii'-uc  i':.e 
f't%''-rr;4M  r.rA-  (i-.ti-td,  arid  or*e 
da'j.'ri*<:r.  wLodiitd  uiirr.arritd  in  I7C?^. 

lie  Wis  born  a?  Brfcri.jiton,  in  Curn- 
U-rUr.d,  in  \\.<:  vf-ar  iToO.  At  a  very 
C'dsly  ri^i;  r.t:  \\%i  j.Iiiced  fct  Ktort,  and 
aff«.r  pa-'in;:  tLro'Ji;h  '.r.at  pcLo'jI,  was 
rt'i.o. id  'o  rhri-vhijrc'j,  Oxford.  w;.*?re 
bi/  '.t  .f  tf.e  toffri.por^ry  ai.  i  ao-o«.'iate  ot 
tbf  id»«:  Kar!  of  Liverpool  nr.d  Mr.  Tan- 
iiiff,  fit.'i  whin?  hif  Wi-  f-rrmUd  .M..A. 
M'.ffb  IS  JT'jM,  aiid  IJ.I.L.  Jj.y  j, 
r<f».'j.  ill'  orijifi  .1  desrinaliori  had  bttn 
to  th*' bar,  but  ihi>  iva-  CH:!y  i:bjii(iOri<:d 
for  St  ••...r  iii  l':iii;ii.'.i-rir,  to  wiiicij  he  W4i«i 
cliO-iTi  lor  ^i.-;irf.|*<r.rid;  at  the  u'vM.ral 
tl<r'ion  in  iTf.H'.  IJii  -iib-t-qu'iit  tlfc- 
titj'i"  «i.rr.  for  PfiiiL)ii  I7l><^i,  tor  lliudon 
i*-4iv  for  >i:n|r«f-h».:'y  lM!7,  fur  AWy- 
inoiir't  1^12.  fur  r'oi-k>  irnoutii  !<!.{,  and 
foi  \V#yinoiith  ISl**.  I^iO,  ui.d  lh-^«J. 

Al'h  .u-.'h  rKv  |M/itiral  ronntrtioiis  of 
hi^fi'i.'T  Itiid  bi*"n  aniori^'  thi*  ptr-ons 
wl.o  had  itftt'd  with  J..ord  Nuitli,  and 
hfri  iwitrf'^i  r:iki-n  u  |iH;t  in  th<-  rouiiti^n 
Hdniii..-frai:r>;i,  it  wa-  ji-.  a  sujiportcr  ot 
Mr.  Tiir,  ;iiid  utfui-hi'd  to  \i\>  |iMnriiilt.'S, 
that  h<-  fir-t  appcarod  in  public  life,  and 
by  till  in  iii-«  whole  po'.iric.il  <'uiii*.('  hcemfj 
to  h;ivf  bi.i-n,  with  the  exception  ot  a 
fcln^rh-  in<«t!nirr',  iiilliienri'd.  'i  his  fXtn-p- 
tioii  is  to  bi'  ffjund  in  thi*  opinion  cnter- 
taini'd  byliirnof  (In- rxpeditriry  of  npcal- 
in.i^    tl.i*    dinquiiht'initiuns    iitbi'tin?    the 


*  U'iillaro  wns  n  coniprtitor  at  the  bar 
with  l>iiniiii:i.'.  lie  \\{i*«  on  Iii-  way  to 
Fxlmoiirh,  fur  the  beii«'t>  ot  lii-^  hiaiih, 
when  the  hittiT,  w  ho  iiad  ;n^l  iircn  rn  ated 
J^ord  .-\»>hbiiir(iii,  :ind  he  uriivrd  at  the 
ranie  inn  fur  thr  ni::ht.  I.iiid  A.  \\.i*i  on 
hi<:  ri-turn  fioii  |-'alrnoiith,  iinbt  nelirrd  in 
lie^ifh  by  111"  vi'.il  iImti-  :  l>nt  b»-:5jrd  an 
intMvirv.  with  hi-  oM  livji).  I'lii  y  ^p<-nr 
thi-  evihir;:;  t«»u'etliei"  in  u  uay  lii:.;h'y 
ei>iivi,!i'(i;y  til  both  :  but  paiti-<l  ir<  vi-r  to 
iiiii't  a^'iiiii,  for  rl.ey  intth  d:t d  within  a 
vi-ry  sImuI  imn*  attrr  tins  ii.rifview, 
Lonl  Ashlnirlon  in  I.inroin'>i  Inn  Field«, 
•Mr.  Wnlliiee  at  Kxeler,  vtlieri-  lie  was 
bulled  Nov.  JO,  17K1. 


[April, 

Rorr^an  C»:ho:i« :  to  ite  remo%^  of 
iLh^  ce  •.;  is  ever  «tTonff:r  idver**,  lad 
m  o:.;.o*.::..^.  to  :r.  a«  -^ell  wh^e  in  iht 
Ho'j-r:  cf  Comrr.on*  *».  §ub*ec-jie-.'iv  in 
tLe  Ho'i-e  ot  O.rds  his  vore  it  Kuad 
uri::«/rir..y  rtrorded. 

T^e  vrtca'iuu*  ^cateof  his  health  cox. 
pe.--.d  L-.m.  dur.i.z  iKtf  two  tr*:  winter* 
a::er  Lc  berame  a  member  o:  the  Hobf« 
of  fJommo'.«,  !o  stek  the  benefit  of  i 
southern  cu mate,  arid  it  was  not  until  late 
in  the  sef-iyn  of  1792  that  hi<  parha- 
nientarj-  a:tendar;ce  btrcame  at  all  regular. 
Towards  the  do-^e  of  that  year,  the  di«." 
lurU-d  and  criiic«*l  state  of'  the  coun trr. 
owii./  to  the  dani-erous  excitement  per- 
vadirijT  many  part*  of  it,  led  to  the  sudden 
re-a'i-^-nibiing  of  Parliament  ;  and  Mr. 
Wallace  was  seconder  of  the  address  iii 
the  Hou-ie  of  Commons  on  that  meiuora- 
ble  oreafcion. 

In  July  1797,  he  was  appointed  to  a 
•fesit  at  the  Admiralty,  from  whence  be 
ui:s  rtinoved.  in  May  ISITJ,  to  become 
or.e  of  the  <  ornini^sioners  fur  tlie  AdUiri 
of  Indiii.  While  in  the  latter  situation, 
he  tf^o'fi  an  active  part  in  the  \-ariuu$  quesi 
tions  le'.atinu'  to  the  commerce  and  po- 
litical aiFair-}  of  India,  and  in  the  defence 
of  the  policy  and  conduct  pursued  by 
Lord  W.IItsley  in  the  administration  of 
our  Ea^ti-rn  po*-e«*ion«.  and  fiarticulaily 
of  I'ne  traJi'aetion-*  in  the  C^rnatic,  which 
formed  a  prominent  object  of  attack  and 
di'>rn'>Mo:i  in  tl.i.-  House  of  Commons. 

When,  in  ti;e  year  1^0 1,  in  confe- 
qn^nee  of  the  obstacles  ]ire«ier.ted  to  the 
propo--d  repeal  of  the  Catholic  disabiij. 
lieo,  .Mr.  Pitt  f fit  it  neecsary  to  retire 
fio:n  the  iidniiniiitration,  Mr.  Wallace 
co:t!inue<i  '':it  his  express  instance)  to  hold 
cfTire  nndcr  his  siienssior,  and  was  soon 
after  eailid  to  h  seal  in  the  Privv  Cuuiiril 
(M.»y-^l.  iMil,.  Wtipn  apain'.Mr.  Pitt 
ri-nined  the  situation  td  minister  in  IMi^, 
^Ir.  W'ailace  made  a  part  of  the  (lovern. 
nicnr  then  torrned.  which  was  eventually 
di'>«<>lv«.ii  by  the  de.ith  ot*  that  illui^triuus 
stati-nim,  in  JunU'ny  li^O<),  and  wast  sue 
CLTiJcd  by  (he  united  adinini«.trariori  of 
Mr.  Fox  and  J^ord  (in-nxille.  Mr.  Fox 
survisrd  hi*.  Kreu".  liviil  but u few  months* 
a  tew  iMoniliH  inon-  put  an  end  to  the 
adinirii'-Mation  ;  and  the  eollpai;ue«  ot  Mr. 
Put  wtM*  rMalhil  to  (he  (!:reerion  of 
jniliiii  i.lh.ii^.  ot  V.  hirh  ihey  rimtinued  in 
ji(i>,.t»v:f.,,  under  -uree->iv«*  niin:sroi>>  till 
till-  yrjir  l'*-^7:  Mr.  Wallace  hiving,  in 
IW)^.  nrmind  Willi  hi*  polilie.d  triiiid^ 
to  t'lli  I",  II  "i^'iii  il  it  in  isiO,  and,  in  the 
yiiir  l''!'',  t>eriirne  ni^aiii  a  Tnemt)cr  of  the 
Ciov«'rinn«  III  as  Viee- l*ie«.i<lenl  of  the 
CiJin.iiitifi'  of  the  Privy  (.'ouneii  for  the 
nianagemiMit  of  Trade. 

A  progressive  btdte  of  diitress,  which 


18440 


OaiTtTARV. — Lord  Wallacf, 


42? 


htid  for  pome  tim?  Wen  felt  by  tbe  com- 
mercial ami  mULimfacturittg  iitter^pgts  of 
the  country,  becftine  alarmingly  tigg^ra* 
vriteil  ill  the  year  1820,  and  in  the  course 
of  the  session  of  that  year  gnve  rise  to 
vnrioys  petitions  representing  the  iiitya- 
tioii  of  those  interests,  and  elniming  for 
them  the  fttteniion  aud  protection  of  Ihe 
legislHtore.  Amongst  these,  the  mot»t 
remarkable  in  point  of  importance  was 
thiit  of  the  merchants  and  traders  of  tbe 
city  of  London,  presented  to  the  House 
of  Commons  by  Mr.  Aletander  Baring 
(now  Lord  Ashburton,  tben  at  the  bead 
of  one  of  the  most  eonsidemble  mcrcftn- 
tile  eKtabUsbments  of  the  metropolis), 
whicb,  in  de«eribing  the  depression  and 
diffieulties  they  laboured  under*  dwelt 
forcibly  on  the  caiBes  to  which  they  were 
to  be  referred,  and  ascribed  them  in  n 
great  mensure  to  the  eiclusive  character 
of  our  commtdrcinl  policy,  and  tbe  pro- 
hibitory and  restrictive  provisions  with 
which  it  was  loaded,  afTecting:  as  well  (he 
prosperity  of  Britt«fh  trade  and  naWgntion^ 
as  limiting  otir  iniercourse  with  foreign 
nations. 

Tbe  result  of  this,  and  other  petitions 
to  the  (tame  effect,  wae  tbe  appointment 
of  committees  by  the  respective  Houses 
of  Purliament  to  consider  tbe  state  of  our 
foreign  trade,  mtd  I  be  beat  means  for 
maintainirtg  and  improving  iL  Tbe  com- 
mittee appointed  by  the  House  of  Com- 
mons included  mo»t  of  thoj^e  di embers 
who  were  engaged  in  commercial  pursuiUt 
and  were  distinguished  for  their  ability 
and  intelligence,  without  reference  to  tbe 
poiiiictti  party  with  which  they  might  be 
connected.  In  the  cbair  of  this  com- 
mittee Mr«  Wallace  bad  the  bonour  of 
being  placed* 

The  proceedings  of  this  committee 
were  extended  through  several  nuccessive 
sessions,  and  tbe  whole  system  of  our 
foreign  tmde,  and  tbe  numerous  impedi. 
ments  and  restrictions  to  which  it  wa§ 
subject,  and  which  tended,  by  confining 
its  freedom,  to  obstruct  its  prosperity, 
came  under  revisiion  ; — amongst  tbe  latter, 
none  appeured  more  prejudicial  in  their 
operation  than  those  imposed  by  the 
KiAV ignition  Laws,  which  bad  subsisted, 
with  little  alteration,  since  tbe  time  of 
their  enactment  in  the  reign  of  Ch»rles 
the  Second,  The  principles  of  vindrcttve 
exclu!«ion  by  which  these  laws  bad  been 
dictated  were  marked  by  enactments 
which  pressed  with  great  but  unequal 
severity  on  our  intercourse  with  different 
foreign  countne!>,  and  added  to  the  feel- 
ings of  jealousy  with  which  tbe  com- 
m«jice  and  naval  power  of  Great  Britain 
bad  long  been  ?iewed.  The  importaitt 
rhati^e  of  circumstances  following  the 


transition  from  war  to  peace,  deprived  us 
of  the  advtinCages  derived  from  our  naval 
strengtb,  and,  by  opening  the  sea  alike  to 
all,  stimulated  generally  the  spirit  of  com- 
mercial enterpri«>e  nnd  competition,  and 
rendered  it  essential  to  tbe  maintenance 
of  our  best  interests  to  admit  some  change 
in  our  policy,  and  to  remove  or  mitigate 
the  adverse  feelings  of  surrounding  nationa 
by  some  judicious  and  £«fe  relajcations. 

Another  serious  cause  of  complaint 
was  the  inconvenience  to  which  the  mer. 
can  tile  transactions  of  tbe  country  were 
subjected,  from  the  confufiion  and  un- 
certainty of  tbe  laxvs  nfrecting  our  navig*- 
tion,  not  less  from  the  multiplicity  than 
tbe  diversity  of  statutes  passed  at  curious 
penods  of  our  history,  and  under  every 
variety  of  circumstances — some  obsolete, 
some  contradictory,  yet  all  holding  their 
places  on  tbe  statute-book,  sustained  by 
severe  penalties,  nnrj  capable  of  being  at 
any  time  called  into  operation  ;  lo  that 
no  specidaiion  or  enterprise  could  be 
undertaken  without  a  liability  to  great 
and  most  discouraging  risks. 

A  third  obstruction,  from  tbe  removal 
of  which  it  appeared  great  advantage  to 
tbe  tfdde  of  the  country  and  its  foreign 
commerce  might  be  reasonably  antici- 
pated, was  the  insufficient  scope  allowed 
to  our  u'arebousing  system,  and  to  the 
free  admission  of  merchandise  of  every 
description  from  all  parts  uf  tbe  world, 
for  the  purpose  of  re-ei^portation. 

In  the  investigations  which  took  place 
in  tbe  committee,  connected  with  these 
and  many  other  subjects,  and  in  tbe  sug- 
gestion and  application  of  tbe  measures  of 
reUef  from  restraints  so  injurious  to  tbe 
national  interests,  an  active  and  leading 
part  necessarily  fell  upon  Mr.  Wallace. 
The  report  explaining  the  principles  on 
which  tbe  inquiry  had  been  conducted, 
and  embodying  the  first  reeommendationa 
of  tbe  committee,  was  laid  by  him  on  tbe 
table  of  the  House  of  Commons,  before 
the  end  of  the  session  of  18^ ;  and  it 
becume  bis  duty  afterwards  to  introduce, 
and  carry  th roughs  the  legislative  measures 
intended  tu  give  them  effect.  Other  re- 
port*, as  well  as  measures,  afterwords  foU 
lowed,  all  proceeding  on  the  same  princi. 
pies  and  directed  to  the  same  objects  ;  of 
giving,  in  tbe  first  instance,  every  degree 
of  freedom  and  facility  to  British  trade 
and  na^dgtition  of  which  it  was  suscepti- 
ble, and  relieving  our  Ifitercouise  with 
foreign  states  from  every  restriction  not 
suntained  by  clear  and  adequate  benelit  to 
this  country. 

The  Navigation  Laws  had  long  been 
tbe  object  of  almost  fujwrstitiows  re- 
ference, and  the  scrupulous  mainrcnance 
of  tbcro  b«d  b«en  looked  upoa  u  tb« 


4S8 


OttnuKt.-^Lord  tVattaee. 


[April 


•eenrity  of  onr  eommercial  and  iwrtl 
greatnesf.  That  the  proposition,  there- 
tore,  of  any  material  change  in  thett,  or 
relMxation  of  their  principle,  should  be 
received  without  opposition,  was  not  to 
be  expected;  the  House  and  the  pubHe 
feeling  were,  however,  in  favour  of  the 
recommendations  of  the  Committee,  «nd 
the  bills  for  giving  effect  to  them  pasted 
through  Parliament  in  the  eonrse  of  the 
ensuing  session.  By  the  consolidation  of 
the  useful  provisions  of  many  acts,  and 
the  partinl  or  total  repeal  of  several  hun- 
dred statutes,  the  laws  touching  navigs* 
tion  were  simplified  and  redoced  to  ft 
narrow  compass,  and  thus  became  easily 
known  to  all  whose  transactions  were  to 
be  governed  by  their  observance ;  this  too 
was  umongKt  the  first  of  those  tndMares 
of  consolidation  which  have  been  subse- 
quently applied  with  so  much  benefit  to 
the  laws  relating  to  other  subjects. 

The  improvement,  and  almost  unlimited 
expansion  of  the  warehousing  systeM, 
threw  wide  our  ports  to  the  unrestrained 
admission  of  the  produce  and  manufae- 
tares  of  every  country  for  re-exportation, 
and  opened  the  way  to  Great  Britain  to 
reap  the  benefit  of  hef  unequalled  com- 
mercial and  political  advantages,  and  to 
become  the  emporium  of  the  world. 

In  the  interval  between  the  session  of 
IB22  and  that  of  the  ensuing  year,  cir- 
cumstances  occurred  which  occasioned 
the  retirement  of  Mr.  Wallace  from  the 
Boaril  of  Trade  (where  he  was  succeeded 
by  JVlr.  Huskisson).  On  the  motion 
made  soun  after  the  commencement  of 
the  session  of  1823  in  the  Hou«te  of 
Commons,  for  the  rc'appointment  of  the 
Committee  of  Foreign  Trade,  his  retire- 
ment wns  adverted  to  with  strong  expres- 
sions of  regret  on  the  part  of  several 
members,  and  most  honourable  testimony 
was  borne  to  his  merits,  the  services  ren- 
dered by  him  to  the  commerce  of  the 
country,  and  the  estimation  in  which  they 
were  held.  This  was  followed  by  ad- 
dresses from  many  of  the  principal  trading 
towns  in  different  parts  of  the  kingdom, 
conveying  the  same  sentiments,  and  at- 
suranccs  of  the  public  regret  produced  by 
his  retirement.  Of  these,  the  most  dis- 
tinguished and  gratifying  was  that  re- 
ceived from  the  merchants  and  traders  of 
the  city  of  London,  which,  in  the  course 
of  a  very  few  day!*,  received  the  signatures 
of  nearly  all  the  leading  commercial  and 
banking  establishments  of  the  city,  and 
Whs  presented  to  him  at  his  hou^e  by  a 
deputHtion  consisting  of  the  Lord  Mayor 
ftnd  nineteen  meml>ers  of  the  House  of 
Commons  (including  the  members  for  the 
cit))  connected  with  the  trade  of  the 
lBcuopulif»  together  with  the  bttdt  of 


ftrionfl  pnf>lie  eompiniefl.  This  higlify 
gratifying  testimony  of  reelect,  of  which, 
tmder  similar  drcumstancet,  there  ar* 
few,  if  any,  examples,  wtt  conveyed  in 
the  following  terms ; — 

**  We,  the  undersigned,  mercbanta, 
bankers,  ship-owners,  and  others,  con- 
nected  with  the  trade  of  the  port  of 
London,  do  hereby  express  our  deep 
regret  at  your  resignation  of  the  office  of 
Vice-President  of  the  Board  of  Trade. 

**  Whatever  differences  of  opinion  may 
have  existed  touching  the  policy  of  some 
parts  of  the  measures  relating  to  our 
trade  and  navigation,  which  you,  Sir, 
have  aticcessfully  advocated  (and  it  would 
be  in  vain  to  expect  unanimity  where 
local  interests  are  involved),  none  are 
entertained  of  the  ability,  persevering 
industrv,  and  laborious  attention,  you 
have  shown  in  the  discharge  of  your 
public  duties. 

<*  In  conveying  to  you  this  record  of 
our  sense  of  the  important  services  ren- 
dered  by  you  to  the  general  commerce  of 
the  United  £mpire,  we  express  a  hope, 
that,  notwithstanding  your  retirement 
from  public  office,  you  will  continue  to 
sfiTord  to  the  commercial  interests  the 
advantages  of  your  experience,  practical 
research,  and  assistance,  in  the  removal 
of  those  further  burthens  and  useless 
restraints  with  which  our  trade  and  navi- 
gation are  still  encumbered. 

<•  London,  l4th  February,  ld2l" 

The  irregularities  and  abuses  existing 
in  the  collection  and  management  of  the 
revenue  in  Ireland,  had  excited  the  atten- 
tion and  anxiety  ojf  the  government  for  a 
considerable  time  antecedent  to  Mr. 
Wallace's  retirement  from  the  Bonrd  of 
Trade,  and  the  matter  was  felt  to  be  of 
io  much  importance,  that  a  commission, 
appointed  and  nained  by  act  of  Parliament, 
vested  with  very  unusual  powers^  was 
thought  necessary  for  the  investigation 
and  correction  of  them.  The  duty  of 
presiding  in  this  commission  was  assigned 
to  Mr.  Wallace,  and  its  recommendations 
were  followed  l^  many  important  reforms 
«-the  abolition  of  the  separate  existence 
of  the  revenue  departments  in  Ireland, 
and  their  consolidation  with  those  of 
England,  where  the  chief  re  venae  autho- 
rity was  hereafter  fixed ;  the  removal  of 
tarioua  duties  which  had  been  proposed 
tinder  the  name  of  countervailing  and 
union  duties  for  the  reciprocal  protection 
of  the  manufactures  of  the  respective 
countries,  and  which  only  operated  to 
restrain  and  encumber  the  free  inter- 
change of  productions  between  the  two 
parts  of  the  kingdom  in  a  manner  pre* 
judicial  to  both ;  the  inprovenitnt  tf  tbt 


1844.] 


Obituart.— Z<^if  Wallace, 


429 


ai4  mini  strut  ion  of  the  revenue  law;  afid 
Ibe  almost  total  aiipprei»«ion  (so  long  as 
the  regululioP!!  sugf^ested  by  the  commt»- 
lioii  were  adhered  to,)  ot  tbat  prolific 
»ottrce  ot  disorder  and  outrapi;,  thfl  illicit 
distillation  of  tpirits,  a«  ^vell  in  IreUnd 
as  in  Seottandf  to  which  country  the 
powers  of  the  euminission  bad  been 
extended. 

During  the  inqniri^s  of  the  cominiMioll 
in  IrflHtul,  the  obf^ervation  of  Mr.  Wal> 
laee  could  not  tail  to  be  attraetfd  to  the 
irrent  pntcticat  iijt^n  leniences  ariiiing  out  of 
the  difference  ««bst«tiiig  between  the  cur- 
rencies in  which  the  transaetiona  of  the 
two  countries  were  carried  on  i  and,  accord- 
ingly,  one  of  his  first  objects  on  hi«  re- 
turn to  Engknd  was  aft  endeavour  to 
effect  their  ii^^similation.  For  this  pur- 
pCH^e  a  meni^nre  wan  prepared  by  bimf  and 
In  Mity  1825  submitted^  in  the  form  of  a 
btll,  to  rhe  consideration  of  the  House  of 
Commons  :  it  Wun  received  with  some 
expressions  of  diffidence  of  its  taceess, 
but,  eventnally,  pntsed  tfarongh  both 
HtJu»e!4  of  Parliament  without  any  reaJ 
opposjition.  The  conseqiienees  of  carry- 
ing it  into  execurmn  in  Ireland  were  at 
lirfit  uncertain*  but  it  wns  happily  ac- 
comph*«hed  uitbout  enconnterini^  any  of 
the  diiiicuUtefi  that  were  anticipated  ^  its 
8uccei««  has  lonj^  been  eitabtished^and  the 
facilities  and  advantages  that  in  all  com* 
merciiihif id  pecuniary  transactions  between 
the  ditiferene  parts  of  the  kingdom  have 
rej^ulted  from  tt,  are  now  juatly  felt  and 
appreciated* 

In  Oct*  182.%  while  Mr.  Wallace  W4s 
in  helsnd^  the  office  of  Master  of  the 
Iklint  became  vacant^  sad  was  offered  to^ 
and  iicccpted  by,  him.  Hia  attention  was 
much  be  it  owed  on  the  improvement  of 
the  coinitge  during  the  period  he  held  tbat 
sitUHtion,  which  continued  until  the  la- 
mented event  which  deprived  the  country 
ol  the  valuable  services  of  Lord  Liver- 
pool, and  caused  a  change  of  adminiitni- 
tion  in  May  (b27. 

Ill  the  construct  ion  of  the  succeeding 
ad  mini  stmt  ion,  which ,  after  some  deUy, 
WHS  entrusted  to  Mr.  Cunning,  very  flat. 
tering  indurements  were  known  to  have 
been  held  out  to  Mr.  Wallace  to  become 
a  part  of  it ;  but,  under  the  impref»imt 
prevalent  at  the  time,  that  the  repeal  of 
the  CHtholic  di»quttti6citiioug  was  in. 
volved  in  the  succew  of  that  ndministia- 
tion,  he  fell  it  his  duty  to  decline  them. 
The  death  of  Air  Canning  was,  in  a  few 
niontbti  fuilowed  by  a  new  ministry 
under  the  Buke  of  Wellington,  and  in 
the  course  of  the  arrangements  for  the 
formation  of  that  ministry,  Mr.  Wallace 
wai,  on  the  ^d  Feb.  It^,  uiied  to  iba 


pterage,  the  announcement  of  which  ap* 
peered  in  the  same  Gazette  with  thosa  of 
the  ministerial  appointmenlaw 

The    title    be    aasumed    WM     Baroa 

Wallace  of  Kn  ares  dale. 

Knaresdale  Hall  i«  deacribed  by  Mr, 
Hodgaon  in  his  History  of  NwrihuM»ber* 
larHl  m  **  a  gentWman't  place  of  tkoaaveia* 
tee  tit  h  century,  now,  and  for  a  long  ttinn 
fiiice,  occupied  by  the  farmer  of  ibo 
adjoirnng  grounds,  and,  consequently,  de- 
spoiled of  mai»y  appendages  to  ib«  dignitf 
it  wuH  wont  to  asaume  while  it  was  the 
sent  of  the  lord  of  (he  fee  of  Knaresdaler 
and  its  fontiffuous  demesnes.' ^ 

or  Featherstone  Castle,  formerly  called 
FeatbrfsronehHUgb,  and  the  ancient  teat 
of  tbe  family  ot  that  name,  a  beautiful 
engraving  was  presented  by  Lord  Wallace 
to  Mr.  Hodgson's  History.  It  is  partly 
an  ancient  border  tower,  but  the  prineipal 
apartmenti,  including  a  gullery  sixty  Icet 
in  length,  "  have  been  either  entirely 
built,  or  so  altered,  that  they  may  fatrly  be 
called  the  work  of  tbe  [late]  possessor " 
*'  Besides  the  charms  of  hospitality, 
courtesy,  and  conversationf  (adds  Mr. 
Hodgson,)  which  grace  tbe  entertaining 
rooms  of  Featherstone  Caatle,  their  walls 
are  on  nil  sides  animated  with  woiks  of 
art  and  enidition,  and  that  ease  and 
dignity  prevail  which  youth  desires  as  the 
lot  of  age.'' 

At  no  tinie  in  bis  life  bad  Mr.  Wallace 
been  a  frequent  speaker  in  Parliament, 
ebiefly  contining  himself  to  subjects  con* 
nected  with  tbe  business  of  the  ufiices  be 
held,  and  the  measures  at  difTcrcnt  times 
brought  forward  by  him,  or  in  the  dikcui. 
sion  of  which  it  was  hia  duty  officially  to 
engage.  After  taking  his  sent  in  tbe 
Hou»e  of  Lords,  the  state  of  bis  health 
induced  him  to  devote  much  of  his  time 
to  the  retirement  of  his  country  residence; 
and,  without  taking  an  active  part  in  tbe 
discussions  that  have  arisen^  he  in  a  great 
measure  contented  himself  with  mani  test- 
ing by  his  votes  his  unswenring  and  un. 
abated  attachment  to  those  political  prin. 
ciples  wbicb,  from  his  first  appearance  in 
public  life,  have  governed  his  conduct|, 
and  now  form  the  bond  of  the  Con- 
servative party. 

Lord  Wallace  married,  Feb.  16,  IBU, 
Jane  dowager  Vist*ounteM  Melville,  who 
hud  been  the  second  wife  of  Henry  lirvt 
Vi*^count  I\Ielvillc,  and  previously  Lady 
Jane  Hope,  «ixth  daughter  of  John  second 
Earl  of  Hopetonn,  This  lady  died  without 
i«isue,  June  9,  18^9,  ond  was  bttriod  in  a 
new  mausoleum  attached  tu  tla^  cliapei  at 
Featherstone  Canie,  consecrated  by  tbe 
Bishop  of  Carlisle. 

The  peerage  eon  f  erred  on  LordWalUce 


430     Vice-Adm,  Sir  Edward  Brace.— Lt.-Col.  Sir  Wm,  Thorn.    [April, 


has  become  extinct.  His  male  heir  is 
John  Wallace,  esq.  of  the  Madras  civil 
service,  eldest  surviving  son  of  his  uncle, 
the  late  John  Wallace,  esq.  of  Golden - 
square,  Westminster,  to  whom,  how- 
ever, his  lordship  has  bequeathed  the  sum 
of  1000/.  only,  leaving  hisestates  (including 
those  which  had  been  in  his  family  from 
the  reign  of  Charles  I.)  to  Col.  the  Hon. 
James  Hope,  next  brother  to  the  Earl  of 
Hopetoun,  and  nephew  to  his  late  lady 
the  dowager  Viscountess  Melville. 

Vice-Adm.  Sia  Edward  Brace. 

Dee.  26.  At  the  Admiralty  House, 
Sheemess,  aged  70,  Vice- Admiral  Sir 
Edward  Brace,  K.C.B.,  K.  St.  W., 
Chas.  III.,  and  St.  M.  and  L.,  Com- 
mander-in-chief at  the  Nore. 

This  officer  was  a  son  of  Francis  Brace, 
esq.  of  Stagbatch,  co.  Hereford  ;  and  en- 
tered  the  royal  navy  the  15th  April,  1781. 
During  his  active  service  he  was  engaged 
in  several  gallant  actions,  and  evinced 
marked  gallantry  and  intrepidity  in  the 
eapture  of  the  Loire  frigate,  in  1796.  In 
1808,  when  in  the  command  of  the  Vir- 
ginie,  he  captured  after  a  severe  encounter 
of  an  hour-and-a-balf  the  Dutch  frigate 
Guilderland;  and  in    1811   he  rendered 

ricular  services  while  employed  in  the 
Alban*s,  on  the  coast  of  Spain,  es- 
pecially  at  the  defence  of  Cadiz,  for  which 
ne  received  the  order  of  Charles  III.  of 
Spain;  and  subsequently  in  1814,  then 
commanding  the  Berwick,  he  ably  dis- 
tinguished himself  in  all  the  operations 
which  led  to  the  surrender  of  Genoa.  At 
the  battle  of  Algiers  he  was  in  sole  com- 
mand of  the  Impregnable,  bearing  the 
flag  of  Admiral  Sir  D.  Milne,  and  for  the 
bravery  and  skill  he  displayed  on  that  oc- 
easion  be  was  rewarded  with  the  decora- 
tions of  St.  Wilhelm  of  the  Netherhinds 
and  St.  Maurice  and  St.  Lazarus  of 
Sardinia.  In  Oct.  1834,  he  was  nomi- 
nated a  Knight  Commander  of  the  Bath. 
On  the  retirement  of  Admiral  Sir  Robert 
W.  Otwa^  from  the  naval  command  at 
the  Nore  in  Dec.  1841,  the  deceased  was 
appointed  to  that  station.  His  commis- 
sions were  dated  as  follows: — Lieute- 
nant, 15  March,  1792;  Commander,  30 
June,  1797;  Captain,  22  April,  1800; 
Hear- Admiral,  22  July,  1830 ;  and  Vice- 
Admiral,  28  June,  1838. 

On  the  2d  Jan.  the  mortal  remains  of 
this  highly  respected  and  meritorious  of- 
ficer were  removed  from  Sheemess, 
to  be  conveyed  to  the  family  vault  at 
Fareham,  in  Hampshire. 


LT..Cor.oNEL  Sir  William  Thorn. 
JV(99.  29.    At  Neuwied,  on  the  Rhine, 


of  apoplexy,  Lieut.- Colonel  Sir  Wm. 
Thorn,  K.H.  formeriy  of  the  25th  Light 
Dragoons. 

This  officer  entered  the  army  at  the  age 
of  eighteen,  March  17,  1799,  by  the  pur- 
chase of  a  cornetcy  in  the  29ch  Light  Dra- 
goons. That  corps  having  been  sent  in 
the  preceding  year  to  India,  he  joined  it 
soon  after  its  arrival  in  that  country  ;  and 
in  1801  was  promoted  in  the  same  regi- 
ment to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant.  In  this 
capacity  be  served  under  Lord  Lake, 
Commander-in-Chief  in  India,  through 
the  whole  of  the  Mahratta  war,  which 
broke  out  in  the  middle  of  1803,  and 
finally  terminated  with  pre-eminent  lustre 
near  the  altars  of  Alexander,  on  the  banks 
of  the  ancient  Hyphasis,  at  the  commence- 
ment of  1806.  In  all  the  achievements 
which  were  performed  under  the  personal 
observation  of  his  Excellency  during  that 
arduous  contest,  Lieut.  Thorn  bore  an 
honourable  part,  especially  at  the  memo- 
rable battle  of  Laswaree,  Ut  Nov.  1803, 
where  his  corps  particularly  distinguished 
itself  by  its  repeated  and  gallant  charges ; 
and  after  having  had  one  horse  killed 
under  him  at  the  commencement  of  the 
action  in  the  morning,  and  another 
wounded,  he  was  himself,  towards  its 
close  in  the  evening,  severely  lacerated  by 
a  grape  shot,  which  fractured  the  lower 
part  of  his  face  in  the  very  moment  of 
victory.  After  discharging  for  some 
years  the  duties  of  Adjutant  and  Riding 
Master  to  his  corps,  he  was  promoted  to 
a  troop  in  1807,  and  appointed  Brigade- 
Major  to  the  cantonment  of  Bangalore 
in  the  Mysore  country,  whither  the  25th 
dragoons  had  been  sent  on  the  departure 
of  the  19th  regiment  from  India.  This 
appointment,  though  highly  honourable, 
brought  with  it  a  very  heavy  charge,  as 
he  was  the  only  staff  officer  to  ten  dif. 
ferent  corps  of  cavalry,  infantry,  and  ar- 
tillery, then  stationed  at  Bangalore, 
which  was  at  that  rime  the  Potsdam  of 
India,  where  daily  brigade  or  line  exer. 
dse  in  all  the  great  field  manceuvres  was 
practised  without  interruption.  Here  he 
continued  until  the  expedition  against  the 
Mauritius  in  1810,  when,  a  detachment  of 
cavalry  being  ordered  on  that  service,  he 
volunteered  with  his  troop,  an  offer  which 
was  readily  accepted  by  Gen.  Hewit,  the 
Commander>in- Chief,  accompanied  by  a 
flattering  mark  of  the  approbation  of  Go- 
vemment,  in  declaring  that  the  staff  situ- 
ation  at  Bangalore  should  remain  open  for 
him  to  resume  at  his  return.  After  the 
capture  of  the  Isle  of  France,  on  which 
occasion  he  received  the  thanks  of  Major- 
Gen.  Sir  J.  Abercromby,  Capt.  Thorn 
proceeded  on  the  important  expedition 


1844,] 


Obituaby,— X^-Co^  Drinkwaitr  Bethutif. 


431 


against  Jftva,  being  nominated  Brif^de- 
Mrjo?  to  the  division  under  Co!»  Gilles- 
pie ;  uiid  in  the  brilliimt  aHah  on  tlie  1 0th 
Aug.  1811,  when  ihe  fitmng  ndvaiiced 
position  of  the  French  oC  Welfcrvreeden 
WAS  carried,  he  was  apairi  wounded  by 
grape  shot  ;  but,  though  still  suffering 
from  its  effeels,  he  wua  present  with  the 
ad VII need  brigade  forming  the  mnin  attack 
at  tlie  memorable  storm  of  the  French 
fortified  lines  of  Cornells^  defended  by 
two  hundred  and  eighty  iiieces  of  CRunon, 
on  the  26th  of  the  sume  month,  and  for 
bis  services  received  the  public  thanks  of 
the  Commander-in-Chief,  Sir  Samuel 
Auchmuty.  On  the  completion  of  the 
conqtiest  of  thfit  valuable  island,  he  w^^ 
ftppointed  Dep.  Quartermaster. General 
Ho  the  British  forces  sPrviuj^  in  Java  and 
its  dependencies,  with  the  brevet  rank  of 
Jlkla^or* 

The  year  following  be  proceeded  with 
Ihe  expedition  aiecuinst  Palimhang  in  Su^ 
matm,  wliere  the  Sultiin  had  committed 
iuch   atrocious;  outra^cH  upon    the   Eu- 
I  ropean  lettlers  as  called  for  a  severe  re- 
tahution  in  order  to  prevent  the  recur- 
rence of  similar  injuries,  and  to  provide 
effectuully  for  the  security  of  our  posses- 
iiotii»  in  that  remote  region.     In  tbts  pe- 
rilous enterprise  M*ijor  Thorn  uceompn- 
nied  that  intrepid  little  bund^  who,  with 
their  ^llHtit    CommandLT    MHJor-Gen, 
GiUe*j>ie,on  the  night  of  the  "^^ih  April, 
auceessfully  surprised  the  fortre<iS  of  Fa- 
limbangr  defended   by  two  hundred  and 
forty- two   pieces  of  cannon »    of  which 
they   held  possession  till   re-inforced  by 
the  retiminaer  of  the  British  troops  in  the 
morning.     On   the   termination   of   this 
expedition,  3»Jajor   Thoni  was  employed 
in  the  heart  of  the  islaml  of  Java  against 
the  strong;  fortress  of  Djocjocarta  ;  wbich 
WW  carried  by  assault  alter  a  severe  con- 
test on  the  20tb  June  the  hume  year»     In 
this  service  be  obtained  the  public  appro- 
bation of  the  supreme  (Jovcmmcnt,  and  of 
the   Commander-in-Chief^    Sir   G.   Nu- 
gent, as  well  as  of  the  local  a  nth  on  ties, 
civil  and  military.     After  making  a  tour 
through  the  tuland  with  a  view  to  the  im- 
provement of  the  geogrnphy  of  that  v  ilu- 
ftble  acquisition,   Abjor  Thorn  rcttirncd 
to  Europe  for  ibe  recovery  of  his  hettltb, 
which  bad  suffered  much  from  his  ext-r- 
tions  in  a  long  and  very  varied  iftervicer 
and  from  the  elTeets  of  a  tropical  climate. 
Not with«»tiinding  these  circumstances,  the 
interest  lie  took  in  that  momentous  erisii 
of  European  politics,  united  with  profes- 
sioMut  '/iMil,  incited  him  to  hapten  to  ihe 
Continent,  and  mareii  as  a  volunteer  witli 
the  British  army  to  Fari^. 

[Je  fefterwards  employed  himself  in  ar- 
ranging  the  notes  taken  by  him  of  bis  mi- 


litary career,  and  as  the  result  gave  to  the 
world  two  important  works,  one  entitled 
"  Memoir  of  the  Conquest  of  Java,  with 
the  subsequent  operations  of  the  British 
forces  in  the  Orientul  Archipeltipo,  ko. 
1815  ;'*  and  the  other,  '*  A  Memoir  of  the 
war  in  Indm,  conducted  by  General  Lord 
Lake,  Comraander-in-cbief,  and  MHJor- 
Gen.  Sir  Arthur  Wellesley*  Puke  of 
Wellington,  4to.  1818/'  both  illustrated 
with  numerous  cngraviogs. 

He  was  promoted  to  t  be  local  rank  of 
Lieut. -Colonel  on  the  Continent  Oct* 
13,  1823. 

Lt.-Col.  DaiNKWATEa  Bethune,  C.B. 

Jnn,  16,  At  Thorncroft,  T>ear  Lether, 
bead,  aged  81,  Lieut  ^-Colonel  Drink- 
water  Belhune,  CLB, 

Colonel  Drinkwater  was  born  near 
Lntchford,  in  Cheshire,  on  the  9ih  June, 
1 702.  H  e  was  t  h  e  e  !d  es  t  o  f  t  h  ree  h  rn  t  hers , 
the  youngest  of  whom,  Sumiiel-Ireton, 
was  drowned  while  a  boy,  bnthing  in  the 
Irwell,  near  JManchester,  where  \m  father 
then  resided.  The  second,  Thomas, 
followed  Ilia  elder  brother's  example,  in 
adopting  the  prof  ess  iori  of  armt>«  He  at- 
tained to  the  Tank  of  Major,  but  was  un- 
fortunately drowned,  on  UiA  return  from 
the  West  I*»dies,  ifi  1797,  John^  the 
eldest,  and  the  subject  of  this  memoir, 
entered  the  army  in  1777,  at  the  early  age 
of  fifteen.  He  received  his  first  commis- 
sion in  the  7s?nd  Regiment  of  the  Line, 
or  Royal  Mancbesrer  Volunteers,— a 
corps  of  1000  men,  raised  in  tbree  months 
at  the  expense  of  ibe  town  of  Manchester, 
when  the  news  reached  England  of  the 
surrender  of  General  Burgoyne  at  Sara- 
toga.  Immediately  on  its  completion, 
the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Gibmltar. 

In  Jtine,  1779.  the  Spnniards  com- 
menced their  famous  siege  Rud  blackade 
of  that  fortress,  which  was  continued  by 
them  with  unintermittingspiritduringmore 
than  four  years.  On  this  occasion  the 
practice  of  accnrate  observation  for  which 
Colonel  Drinkwater  was  peculiarly  re- 
markable first  c*ime  into  use.  Although 
so  young  un  ofHcer— ^ilmosi  a  boy  from 
school^he  had,  from  the  time  of  his  lirst 
landing  at  Gibraltar,  adopted  the  plan  of 
keeping  a  faithful  record  of  every  particu- 
lar connected  with  his  military  service. 
From  these  memoranda,  compilid  from 
observations  daily  noted  down  fin  the 
spot,  and  subsequently  enriched  Uy  the 
communications  of  hi'«  military  (fiends, 
he  WHS  enabled  to  pubtish,  on  Li^  return 
home,  that  graphic  History  of  the  Siege 
of  Gibraltar,  which  U  full  of  information 
to  Iwth  the  military  and  generul  reader, 
and  which  has  beeJi  long  looked  upon  a« 


432 


OMxntaC€j—Lt.-Col.  J)n»kmUr  Bethtm, 


[Apia. 


ft  standard  woik  in  the  militaiy  histoiy  of 
Great  Briuiq.  It  is  still  more  remark- 
able, wbeo  considered  as  the  work  of  a 
young  man,  who  bad  barely  comjileted  bis 
twenty .firat  year  at  the  conclusion  of  tbe 
tiege.  The  work,  which  was  dedicated, 
by  permission,  to  tbe  King,  attracted 
ffreat  attention  on  its  appearaooe,  aod 
UB  mediately  brought  tbe  author  ieto 
notice,  as  an  officer  of  high  proniae. 

At  the  termination  of  hostilities  in 
1783,  by  which  time  be  had  risen  to  the 
rank  of  Captain,  the  72nd  Regiment  re- 
turned  to  England,  and  was  diiibanded. 
The  interval  from  1783  to  1787  >va8 
chiefly  employed  by  Captain  Drinkwater 
in  preparing  bis  book  for  publication,  and 
superintending  the  issue  of  three  editions 
of  it,  which  were  rapidly  called  for. 

In  1787  he  purchased  a  company  in  the 
2nd  battalion  of  the  1st  or  Koyal  Hegi- 
ment  of  Foot,  then  stationed  at  his  old 
garrison  of  Gibraltar.     He  joined  his  re> 

S'ment  there  only  two  days  before  Lord 
eat h field  quitted  tbe  Rock,  and  bad  the 
gnratitication  of  receiving  on  tbe  spot  tbe 
Governor's  public  thanks  for  the  able 
manner  in  which  he  had  commemorated 
tbe  services  of  the  garrison. 

Capt.  Drinkwater  continued  with  his 
regiment  at  Gibmltar  uutil  1793,  with 
the  exception  of  a  short  leave  of  absence 
to  England  in  1789,  during  which  the 
fourth  ond  last  edition  of  his  History  of 
the  Siege  was  published. 

During  his  second  stay  at  Gibraltar, 
be  planned  and  carried  into  execution  the 
measures  for  establishing  tbe  pfarrison 
library.  This  institution  bus  since  be- 
come very  important,  and  has  been  the 
m(»df  1  fur  forming  similar  ebtublinhmsnts 
in  many  of  the  Briti.«ih  foreign  garrisons. 

In  1793retnforri'ments  were  wanted  at 
Toulon,  then  leoently  occupied  by  the 
naval  i'orre  undt*r  Lord  llood.und  M>i'}or» 
Gen  O'Hara,  being  appointed  Governor 
of  Toulon,  embarked  from  Gibraltar, 
taking  with  him  (he  l^t  and  18(b  Regi. 
mentK,  and  a  dfischment  of  Artillery  and 
Engineers.  Ou  bis  arrival  at  Toulon, 
(yitpt.  Drinkwater  whs  selected  by  him  as 
his  Military  Secretary,  and  ak<fr  the  un. 
fortunute  capture  ot  Gen.  O'Hara  he 
continued  to  liold  the  «amc  office  under 
MHJor.  General  David  Dundas. 

On  the  evacuation  of  Toulon,  the 
British  forces  landed  in  Corsica,  whither 
they  h«<l  been  invited  by  the  celebrated 
Paoii,  t!:un  at  the  head  of  the  party  op- 
posing the  French  interest.  Upon  the 
Annexation  of  Cofsica  to  the  British  do- 
minions, Sir  Gilbeit  Elliot  (afterwards 
Earl  of  Minto),  who  bad  been  one  of  tbe 
Aoyal  CoQimissioiiersaC  Toulon,  was  ap. 
1  Viceroy.  CapC  DriukiTAter  was 
18 


dispatched  by  him  on  a  special  miasioa  to 
Leghorn,  to  receive  and  settle  the  daiast 
of  the  Toulonese  emigrants,  and  oa  bia 
return  to  Corsica,  from  this  aerviee,  wat 
appointed  Secretary  of  the  Military  De* 
Mrtmenc,  and  Deputy  Judge- Advocate. 
In  this  situation  be  became  aaaociated 
with  the  Ute  celebrated  diplomatist  Coiut 
Pooo  di  fiorgo,  who  took  •■  medre  part 
in  the  annexation  of  Corsiai  to  Great 
Britain,  nnd  was  named  Secretary  of  8tale 
and  President  of  the  Council. 

Ill  1794  Capt.  Drinkwater  enceeeded 
by  purchase  to  the  Minority,  and  in  the 
following  year  to  the  Lieutenant.  Co- 
lonelcy, of  his  regiment. 

In  1796  the  British  Government  hav- 
ing decided  to  relinquish  their  possession 
of  Corsica,  the  Viceroy  and  his  suite,  in- 
cluding Lieut..  Colonel  Drinkwater  and 
M.  Pozzo  di  Borgo,  visited  Rome  and 
Naples,  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  on  foot 
the  British  interest  at  those  courts.  On 
the  ad\'ance  of  Bonaparte,  they  sailed  for 
Gibraltar,  and  thence  to  England,  in  the 
Minerve,  commanded  by  Capt.  Cockburn 
(now  Sir  George  Cockburn),  and  carry, 
iog  the  pendant  of  Commodore  NcImni. 
On  their  passage  home,  the  Alinenre 
joined  tbe  fleet  under  Sir  John  Jervis, 
and  conveyed  to  him  news  of  the  position 
of  the  combined  French  and  Spanish  fleet, 
which  immediately  brought  on  the  actioa 
off  Cape  St.  Vincent.  The  Minerve  was 
detained  until  after  the  battle,  and  acted 
as  repeating  frigate,  which  enabled  Co- 
lonel Drinkwater  to  witncu  that  cele- 
brated  engagement.  Thinking,  with 
others  of  Nelson's  friends,  that  sufficient 
credit  bad  not  been  given  to  him  tor  his 
share  in  the  success  of  that  brilliant  day. 
Colonel  Drinkwater  published  a  narrative 
of  the  action,  to  which,  however,  be  did 
not  put  bis  name,  fearing  to  be  thought 
presumptuous  in  undertuking  to  gi%*e  an 
account  of  n  naval  engHgemi'nt.  Thia 
account  possesses,  in  tbe  highest  degree, 
the  KHme  clcHrness  and  accuracy  of  detail 
which  marked  his  previous  publication. 
Nelson  showed  his  sense  of  tbe  manner 
in  which  this  narrative  was  written,  by 
an  exelsmHtion  which  he  used  on  meeting 
the  author  after  the  battle  of  the  Nile, 
**  Drinkwater,  we  wanted  you  with  iisj" 

On  Colonel  Drink  water's  return  to 
Kngland,  he  was  urged  by  5lr.  Pitt,  to 
whom  he  bad  been  recommended  in  the 
strongest  terms  by  Sir  G.  Elliot,  to  un- 
dertake  tbe  arrangement  and  settlement 
of  all  tbe  complicated  accounts  which 
had  arisen  out  of  the  occupation  of  Toulon 
and  Corsica.  For  this  he  wms  better  qua- 
lifled  than  any  other  person,  having  been 
intimately  acquainted  with  almost  every 
detaU  of  both  services.    He  undertook 


1844.] 


Obitoahy.— CAarfc*  BriniUt/  Sheridan,  Esq. 


488 


» 


this  labonoui  duty  reluctnntly,  as  it  led 
to  his  going  on  hill t- pay,  and  finflliy  relin- 
quishing the  miJitary  for  the  civjl  depart- 
meiu  of  the  Army. 

In  J 799  he  was  appointed  Coininis- 
wry-Gerreral  of  Atreoiints  to  the  Army, 
then  setting  out  on  the  expedition  to  the 
Helder,  and  on  bis  return  fron^  Holland, 
was  requested  by  Mr.  Pitt,  in  18(X),  to 
go  out  to  the  We^it  Indies,  at  the  head  of 
the  CoramisMon  of  Inquiry  into  the  ex- 
penditure there.  Being  then  murriedp  he 
declined  this  appf)]ntinent,  as  nUo  two 
offers  from  Lord  Hohart,  to  go  either  to 
the  West  Indieji  for  the  purpose  of  (giving 
vip  the  ceded  Danish  I^iands^  or  as  Au- 
ditor-Oeneml  to  Ceylon. 

In  1801,  Colonei  Drink  water  was  in* 
troduced  to  hh  Royal  Hfghneas  the  late 
Duke  of  Kent :  shortly  afterwards  be  ac- 
cepted an  honorary  appointment  fn  the 
Duke's  household,  und  vms  for  many 
years  valued  by  bis  Royid  Highnesi,  us 
one  of  bis  most  attached  nnd  trustworthy 
friendf.  This  Intimaey  continued  unin- 
terrupted to  the  time  of  the  Dtike'a  la- 
men  tf"!  death  in  \%2\. 

In  iHOa^  on  the  organization  of  Volun- 
teers tbroup^bout  the  country,  Lient.- 
Colo^L-l  Drinkwater  took  charge  of  a 
corps  in  his  own  neighbourhood,  und  was 
afterwards  appointed  to  the  eoiiimand  of 
a  Volunteer  Brigade,  with  the  local  rank 
of  Colonel. 

In  1(^05  be  wit  nomiruiled  one  of  the 
Parliaroefitary  CommiMfioiient  of  Military 
Inquiry;  and,  on  the  appointment  of  Sir 
Hiidebmnd  Oakes  to  be  Goyernor  of 
Malta,  succeeded  him  as  Chairman  uf  the 
Gommission.  This  inquiry,  embracing 
e?ery  branch  of  military  expenditure,  con- 
tinued until  1611.  Un  the  change  of 
Admin  i«iJiition,  in  1B07,  Mr.  Windham 
offered  him  the  situation  of  Under  Se- 
cretary of  .State  in  the  War  and  Colonial 
Department ;  which,  however,  he  declined 
accepting.  In  l&ll  he  was  selected  by 
the  Frinee  Regent  to  succeed  Sir  W\U 
lou^hby  Gordon  as  Commissary- General; 
but  Mr,  Perceval  having  placed  his  Pri- 
vate Secretary,  Mr.  Herries,  in  that 
office.  Colonel  Drinkwater  vva»  appointed 
one  of  the  Comptrollers  of  Army  Ac- 
counts ;  in  which  office  he  contiuoed  for 
twenty. five  years.  He  waa  Chnirmfln  of 
the  fioord  when  the  office  w  i^l 

in  lSi35.  He  wn«;  then  com 
tire  into  private  life,  after  «^  1.^,1-,  of 
public  perviee  continued  ftUno?^t  without 
mterruption  for  fifty. nine  yeurs,  during 
which  DC  gained  the  respect  and  esteem 
of  ail  with  whom  he  became  officially 
connected, 

Dtiring  the  laat  year  of  his  life  be  was 

Gbnt,  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


afflicted  by  the  total  lots  of  his  sight ;  but 
tlie  ofj^e^nal  vigour  of  bis  mind  continued 
unabiited  nlinost  to  the  close  of  his  career. 
Only  a  few  years  ago  be  published  a 
second  edition  of  his  Narrative  nt  the 
Battle  of  St.  Vincent,  with  additional 
anecdotes  of  Nelson,  in  aid  of  the  fund 
for  the  Nelson  Testimonial ;  and,  within 
a  month  of  his  deathi  he  was  engaged,  at 
the  age  of  eighty-one,  in  reviewing  the 
materials  which  he  had  collected  for  a 
new  and  enlarged  edition  of  his  History 
of  the  Siege  of  Gibraltar.  It  is  believed 
that  he  was  then  the  last  survivor  of  the 
garrison  of  1779, 

t^olonel  Drinkwater  took  the  name  of 
Beth  line,  after  his  retirement  from  pub- 
lic life,  on  the  death  of  his  brother-in- 
law,  whose  property  hi§  family  inherited. 


CffAttLES  B.  SHriLrDAM,  Esq. 

Nuv,  29.  At  his  house  in  Bolton- 
street,  Piccadillyi  Charles  Bdnsley  She- 
ridjm,  esq. 

Mr.  Sheridan  was  the  second  son  of 
the  late  Eight  Honorable  Richard 
Brinsley  Sheridan^  and  on)y  child  of  his 
second  marriage  with  Esther  Jane,  dangh^ 
ter  of  the  late  Very  Reverend  Newton 
Ogle,  D.D.  Dean  of  Winchester,  and  of 
KIrkley,  in  the  county  of  Northumber. 
land.  He  ^rai  bom  in  Hertford-street, 
May  Pair.  Jan.  Ittb,  1790.  His  early 
«ducat!on  was  attended  to  with  the  ut- 
most care,  and  he  was  for  some  time  under 
the  private  tuition  of  the  Rev.  Edward 
Baker,  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oatford. 
On  the  decease  of  Mr.  Baker,  the  Rev. 
Charles  Williams,  then  Fellow  of  New 
College,  and  now  Fellow  of  Winchester 
College,  was  selected  to  succeed  him  in 
that  capacity,  Mr.  Sheridan  was  even* 
tnally  sent  to  Winchester,  and  shorily 
after  obtained  the  gold  medal  for  a  copy 
of  English  verses  ol  very  great  merit  for 
his  age.  He  remained  there  for  three 
or  four  yeari,  and  was  then  placed 
under  the  care  of  the  present  Bishop  of 
London,  with  whom  he  com  '      ifll 

he  wtnt  to  Trinity  Cnllcgf 
Mr*  Sheridan  entered  the  urn.,  >...,  ,.ith 
the  reputation  of  very  considerable  abili- 
ties, and  in  the  cour&e  of  one  or  more 
examinations  gave  proof  that  that  opinion 
was  not  ill-founded  \  but  the  nature  of 
the  univemity  studies,  then  almost  ex- 
clusively devoted  to  mntbematics,  and  the 
<icath  of  his  mother,  which  bad  put  him 
in  possession  of  a  competent  fortune, 
joined,  it  must  be  confessed,  to  some  want 
of  steady  appliearion  on  his]  part,  stifled 
all  exertion,  and  Mr.  Sheridan  left  his 
college  without  attempting  to  graduate. 
He  soon  alter  proceeded  on  a  continental 

3   A 


Obituary.— ilficAdrf  Fryett  Esq* 


434 


tour,  Hiid  paflBcd  Rome  time  with  an  iiiti- 
mHt<*  friend  in  visiting  Italv,  Corfu,  and 
Athens.  During  Ihh  rcsidoncc  at  the 
latter,  he  imbibed  a  hurror  of  Turkibh 
rule,  and  eventually  embarked  most  ar- 
dently in  tho  Philhellenic  cauKO,  lending 
the  ashihtance  of  his  pen,  and  very  largely 
that  of  hi<i  purse,  to  forward  its  advance- 
ment. Jn  \H'^i)  he  published  a  small 
volume  entitled  **  Songs  of  Greece," 
being  traiiNlationfl  from  the  liomaic,  and 
occasionally  contributed  articles  for  the 
Edinburgh  and  Westminster  Reviews. 
The  cause  of  Poland  pos^i  scd  no 
warmer  advocate,  and,  up  to  the  day 
of  his  fatal  illness,  be  devoted  his 
time  and  his  money  most  zealourtly  in  its 
aid.  The  ehtate  at  Polesden  in  Surrey, 
which  hud  been  purchased  by  his  father 
on  his  hecond  marriage,  and  settled  on 
Mrs.  Sheiidan  and  her  issue,  connected 
him  with  Surrey  polities,  and  although 
he  hold  the  greater  portion  of  the  pro- 
perty he  reserved  one  farm,  in  virtue  of 
which  franchise  he  took  an  active  part  in 
the  closely  contchted  elections  for  the 
wehtern  division  of  that  county. 

I  lis  speeches  were  frequently  excellent, 
and  delivered  with  remarknble  iluency. 
1'hc  whole  bent  of  his  mind  was  liberal 
in  the  most  enlarged  heiise,  and  on  no  oc- 
casion did  he  give  more  eloquent  utterance 
to  hiN  feelings  than  when  {lictuiing  the 
wiongM  iind  wretchedness  of  the  country 
ot  Ills  ancestors — Ireland.  He  possessed 
very  Krcal  eonversatioiial  powers,  and  nar- 
rated and  enibellislud  a  storv  with  the 
most  divetting  drolleiv.  We  do  not 
believe  that  Mr.  bheridan  ever  had,  or 
could  have  had,  an  enemy.  In  the  part 
which  he  took  in  public  life  he  never 
{ave  ofTeiice;  and  in  piiv.ite  life,  amongst 
liis  friends,  and  in  the  circle  of  his  own 
relatives,  it  was  hardly  possible  to  be 
more  Kt'"*'r»dly  or  more  justly  beloved. 
There  was  a  noble  disilltere^tedlless 
in  his  chaiacter,  to  which  all  selfish 
considerutioiiH  were  hsicritieed.  His  cha- 
ritable feelingH  towaids  Imn  fellow  men 
of  all  ^radatioiiK  in  huciety,  and  his 
anxiety  to  relirve  any  one  wlio  merely 
appeared  Co  be  in  want,  exposed  i)im  not 
unfrequently  to  the  impositions  of  worth- 
less a]>plicaiits  tor  his  bounty.  The 
generositv  of  his  heart  was  only  equalled 
by  the  delicacy  with  which,  towards  those 
ill  hiri  own  Class  of  life,  he  gave  the 
assistance. 

Mr.  .Mheridiin  was  never  a  vt-ry  strong 
man,  ai.d  his  appearance  indicated  a  man 
of  far  more  advanced  age,  yet  until  within 
the  last  year  he  seemed  to  enjoy  perfectly 
good  health,  lie  had  of  late  complained 
at  timei,  and  it  is  now  more  than  pro- 


[April, 


t 


bable  that  a  severe  iUnett  of  iciiricC 
fever,  which  he  bad  in  his  youth, 
and  which  caused  a  slight  deafness  io 
one  ear,  may  have  debiliuted  his  con- 
stitution, and  prevented  the  eserdse 
of  that  energy  so  necessary  to  ensnre 
success  in  life,  and  which,  with  his  pow. 
erful  abilities,  aided  by  an  illustrioos 
name,  would  have  commanded  it.  Uis 
last  attack  was  awfully  sudden,  resulting, 
according  to  his  mediod  attendants,  from 
a  disease  of  the  brain  of  long  ataoding ; 
and,  after  remaining  a  week  in  m  state  of 
insensibility,  he  sank,  apparently  without 
the  slightest  pain. 

He  was  buried  at  Old  Windsor,  pear 
his  mother,  to  whom  he  was  devotedly 
attached,  and  who  died  at  FVqgmore, 
Oct.  27.  1817. 

To  his  many  attached  fHends  his  loss 
has  left  an  irreparable  blank.  That  one 
who  never  failed  to  impart  delight  and 
cheerfulness  to  their  society  should  be 
thus  suddenly  and  prematurelv  cut  off  in 
the  midst  of  them,  is  a  painful,  though  it 
may  be  a  salutary,  \'isitation.  The  recol- 
lection of  his  many  endearing  qualities, 
here  perhaps  but  too  feeblv  expressed, 
will  embalm  his  memory  in  their  minds. 

Michael  Frvea,  Esq. 
Fc/>.  2().  Aged  70,  Michael  Fryer,  esq. 
highly  distinguished  for  his  mathematical 
attainments.  He  was  for  many  years 
secretary  and  lecturer  to  the  Literary  and 
Philo^ophicHl  Society  of  Bristol,  and 
more  recently  librarian  to  the  late  John 
Hutton,  esq.  of  Marf>ke  Hall,  near  Rich- 
mond. He  was  employed  by  London 
booksellers  in  editing  various  mathema- 
tical woiks,  but  to  tew  of  which  he  put 
his  nume.  An  oiiginal  work  of  his  own, 
entitled  *'  An  Introduction  to  the 
(Jeonietrical  Analysis  of  the  Ancients," 
affords  proof  both  ot  talent  and  research  ; 
and  while  at  Bristol  he  proposed  pub. 
lishing  a  general  history  of  mathematii*s, 
for  which  he  po-seshcd  ample  materials, 
lint  from  want  ot  due  encouragement  the 
hcheine  was  ultimately  abandoned.  A 
work  quirt>  congenial  to  his  tiiste,  *'  A 
Synopticjil  Tuble  of  data  for  the  construe* 
tion  of  Triangle*!,"  similar  to  LawsunU 
and  J«e)bournc*K,  but  much  more  Cfm- 
pU'luTisive,  urcupied  him  cccasion-illy  for 
niiiny  yeiir<>,  luni  in  foitunately  left 'in  a 
st.iti*  iiiiiriy  eoin])l(te  for  piiblic.it ion. 
Ihiiiiig  his  whole  life  he  was  an  ardent 
and  dii'k'ciit  euilcctor  ot  mathcmHticHl 
book>,  Hiid  he  leaves  hi  hind  him  a  library 
coiitaiiiin;:  many  scHree  and  valniiblc 
woiks  on  thi*  various  branehes  of  mathe- 
matical hciencc. 


IS-l'L]         John  Morice,  E$q.i  F.S,A. — Francis  Nicholson ,  Esq. 

John  Moricf,  Esq,  F.S.A, 

March  JO.  In  Upper  Gower-street» 
ill  bis  76th  year*  Jcbn  Morice,*'sq.  F.S.A. 

Thisgeiulemuii  vim  tUt  third  son  of  the 
Hev.  Dr.  Morice,  Rector  oF  >\llhallows, 
Hread-streett  London,  and  one  of  the 
King's  ehaplAiriB.  He  vrm  for  many  years 
Clerk  to  the  ComInittet^  of  Shipping  in  the 
Kmt  India  Company^A  fiervicei  from 
which  he  rcHrcd  on  thefnil  ponEJion  some 
ycMir^  ago.  He  carried  with  him  tibe  re* 
spect  iind  esteem  of  ttie  Compiiny,  for  his 
striet,  honounibleT  and  viduulile  discharge 
of  the  dtiries  of  bis  situation.  After  his 
letirement  he  found  habitunl  resources, 
esjjecially  in  augmenting  hh  vain  able  H- 
brnry,  and  he  was  well  known  to  the 
book^elleit  as  a  purchaser  of  new  costly 
works*,  particularly  those  descriptive  or 
iltustrNted*  His  illustrated  copy  of  Clut- 
terburk's  History  of  Hertfordsbire  is 
pairtiuiilEirly  valuable,  containing  many 
ongiiial  drawings  by  Buckler  and  otker 
artists.  He  look  an  interest  in  many 
charitable  societiesi  to  which  he  contri- 
buted liberally* 

A  sincere  member  of  the  Established 
Church  and  supporter  of  good  govern- 
ment, and  of  tbe  taws  which  ensure  the 
pence  and  order  of  society,  he  wa«  nn  ex- 
II m pie  to  ul)  who  knew  tim  of  firmness 
anrl  consistency*  Though  feeble  from 
childhood,  and  brought  up  and  educated 
at  bome»  ibrough  fear  of  the  exertion^  phy- 
sicul  and  mental,  attending  a  public  icbool, 
he  i^ruduatly  acquired  »  certain  degree  of 
health  which,  by  regytarity  in  all  bis 
habits,  economical  use  of  the  powers  of 
mind  and  hody^  and  tbe  enjoyments  of 
easy  sociability,  be  prolonged,  with  many 
comforts,  to  a  greater  age  than  tbitt  often 
attained  by  the  vigorous  and  robust.  He 
departed  with  perfect  composure  after 
not  many  days^  illness. 


435 


Fhancis  Nicholson,  Esq. 

March  6.  At  his  bouse  in  Char- 
lotte-aireet,  Portland  Place,  aged  91, 
Francis  Nicholson,  esq*  the  eminent 
paiTiter  in  water  colours. 

Mr.  Nicholson  wft*  born  at  Pickerinc,  in 
Yorkshire,  on  the  I  kh  Nov.  lloli,  I'be 
name  of  Francis  Njchiilsoa  was  that  of  his 
great -grund hither,  giimdfather,  and  father, 
tbat  of  hib  second  sun,  ajid  now  of  bis 
grandson.  The  first  mentioned  was  a 
trooper  in  the  Parliamentarian  army^  the 
third  mnn  that  entered  the  town  of  Dun- 
dee in  lliat,  and  tbe  first  tbat  escaped 
alive.  He  ufterwards  returned  to  Pick. 
cring,  and,  with  diDiculty  in  rc8f>ect  to 
his  identilication,  CKiatdtiihed  his  right 
to  some  properly  there. 

From  Pickering  Mt,  Nicholson,  after 
twice  visiting   London,  went  to  reside  at 


Whitby  in  17S3,  where  he  remained  until 
1*792,  About  1787  be  was  married  at 
^faltQ^  to  Mi^g  Sally  Blancbard,  and  in 
1789  he  firsit  exhibited  in  the  Royal 
Academy  *•  A  View  of  Castle  Howard.** 
Upon  leaving  Whitby  they  went  to  reside 
at  Knaresborough,  then  at  Eipon,  and 
from  thence  removed  with  their  family  to 
Weybridge  in  Surrey*  After  a  ^hortitay 
at  the  latter  place  they  settled  in  London, 
and  Mr,  Nicnolson  practised  as  nn  artist, 
cbicdy  in  water  colours,  at  tbe  following 
residences :  No*  ^^  Polygon,  SomersTown ; 
No*  JO,  Upper  Tich field  Street,  (now 
Cirencester  Pkce) ;  No.  I,  Greot  Ches- 
terfield Street;  and  No.  5ir,  Charlotte 
Street,  Portland  Place,  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Society  of  Painters 
in  Water  Colours,  the  first  exhibition  of 
which  Society  opened  on  tbe  22nd  April, 
1805,  in  Lower  Brook  Street,  Grosvenor 
Square. 

These  particulars  we  glean  from  ft 
catalogue  of  the  contents  of  Rosamond's 
Bower,  Fidham,  printed  for  private  cir- 
culation. To  what  follows  we  can  bear 
testimony. 

Eminent  as  was  Mr.  Nicbolton'a  po- 
sition as  an  artist,  he  was  no  less  dis- 
tinguished for  bis  practical  knowledge  of 
mechanics,  raueic,  (building  clocks  and 
organs  with  bis  own  hands,)  optics,  cbe- 
mistry^  and  electricity  :  and  it  was  this  sci- 
entific knowledge  whicb  must  give  hii 
works  permanent  value.  It  was  Mr. 
Nicholson's  practice  to  paint  upon  nn- 
bleaehcd  naper,  and  to  use  water-colours, 
the  dumlility  of  which  his  experience  had 
estttbtisihed.  Some  of  his  experimental 
drawings,  made  between  fi vcand-twenty 
and  five-  and-lhirty  years  ago,  are  as  fresh 
and  beautiful  as  they  were  when  executed, 
and  for  vigour  have  not  been  excelled, 
much  as  the  art  of  water-colour  painting 
baa  advanced  in  England  of  tate  years. 

After  this  succesaful  achievement,  Mr, 
Nicholson  devoted  his  time  and  attention 
to  the  advancement  of  lithography,  hf 
which  process  he  executed  several  hundred 
drawings ;  but  ao  rapidly  did  bis  publi- 
cations disappear,  having  been  consumed 
in  schools  as  subjects  to  copy  from,  tbat 
even  impressions  of  his  works  on  stone  are 
now  rarely  to  be  met  with,  and  it  would 
proliahly  be  impossible  to  form  anytbing 
like  a  complete  collection  of  them. 

In  the  Foreign  He  view  (1820)  we  find 
the  following  account  of  Mr  Nicholson's 
exertions  to  diifusc  n  love  of  art  by  means 
of  ibc  lithographic  process;—*'  To  the 
honnur^ible  labours  of  a  few  artistJ,  who 
stood  isolated  from  tbe  great  body,  Enf - 
land  is  indebted  for  the  advances  which 
the  art  (of  titiiography)  has  hitherto  made  ; 
for  print  era,  however  skilful,  without  the 


436 


Obituaby.— JBfv.  C.  H.  ft.  Rode9,  MJi. 


[April, 


lid  of  clever  draftsmen,  could  not  have 
effected  much.  At  the  head  of  these 
artists  is  Francis  Nicholson,  the  eminent 
water-colour  painter;  the  number  of 
drawings  on  stone  made  by  him  cannot 
W  estimated  at  much  under  ei^hthundred; 
and  bis  indefatigable  efforts  m  the  cause 
oi  lithography  deserve  particular  mention, 
when  the  uncertain  practice  of  early 
printers  is  considered,  by  whom  designs 
were  generally  injured,  ana  very  frequently 
totally  spoiled,  before  a  single  impretaion 
had  been  obtained.*' 

About  the  year  1822  Mr.  Nicholson 
published,  as  a  record  of  his  experience, 
a  valuable  work  on  the  Practice  of  Draw- 
ing and  Painting  Landscape  from  nature, 
in  water-colours  (ito.  Murray),  which 
rapidly  passed  into  a  second  and  an  en- 
Imed  edition,  now  out  of  orint. 

With  this  publication  he  appears  to 
have  taken  leave  of  this  popular  braneh 
of  the  fine  arts,  and  for  the  remaining 

Crtion  of  his  long  and  honourable  life, 
viog  acquired  a  competency  by  the  es- 
•rcise  of  bis  profession,  Mr.  Niclu^soB 
turned  his  attention  to  oil-painting,  and 
amused  himself  by  executing  in  different 
vehicles  various  favourite  subjects,  in 
•one  instances  painting  over  in  oil  the 
most  admired  water-colour  pictures  which 
ha  possessed,  and  trying  numerous  other 
experiments  to  enable  him  to  arrive  at  the 
most  desirable  means  of  accuratelv  record- 
iqg  with  truth  the  sublime  or  the  beau- 
tilul  effects  of  nature. 

This  devoted  love  of  art  burned  brightly 
to  the  last  hour  of  his  life  in  Mr.  Nichol- 
son. Within  a  very  few  days  of  his  death 
be  was,  at  his  earnest  desire,  helped  up 
on  a  table  to  retouch  a  dark  cloud  in  a 
ikvourite  picture  of  a  shipwreck,  which 
he  wished  to  brighten.  The  incident  is 
quite  poetical,  but  it  is  not  the  less  true. 
And  it  is  curious  that  the  Ust  picturt 
which  he  painted — ^he  whose  mind  had 
loved  to  studv  the  tumult  of  waters,  and 
to  dwell  on  the  effects  of  storm  and  mist 
•—should  be  a  gorgeous  sunset,  which 
touched  every  oogect  with  a  bright  and 
glorious  ray  of  light. 

In  his  works,  indeed,  we  knew  not 
which  most  to  admire,  the  taste,  tho  na- 
ture, or  the  genius.  His  landscapes  were 
truth  in  subject,  the  greatest  talent  in  art. 

Mr.  Nicholson's  portrsit  has  been  fre- 
quently painted  both  by  himself  and  by 
other  artists.  His  daughter  Mrs.  Crofton 
Croker  possesses  a  very  interesting  pic- 
ture in  oils,  which  he  painted  of  himself  at 
the  age  of  eighty-two.  From  one  by  the 
late  Mr.  James  Green,  about  1B18,  there 
is  a  private  lithograph  by  M.  Gauci ;  and 
a  fine  likeness  by  John  Jackson,  R.A. 
about  1825,  was  also  copied  on  a  itone 


by  M.  Gauci,  but  has  not  hitherto  been 
printed  from. 

An  autobiography  was  found  among 
Mr.  Nicholson's  papers,  full  of  curious 
matter  respecting  art  and  artists,  which 
we  hope  Mr.  Crofton  Croker  his  executor 
may  find  time  to  publish.  The  pictures, 
drawings,  and  sketches  of  Mr.  Nicholson 
have  been  announced  for  sale  by  Christie 
and  Manson. 


Rev.  C.  H.  R.  Rod£8,  M.A. 

F$b.  22.  At  his  seat,  Bariborough  Hall, 
Derbyshire,  in  bis  52od  year,  the  Rev. 
Cornelius  Heathcote  Reaston  Rodes, 
M.A.  of  St  John's  Coll.  Cambridge, 
and  a  Magistrate  for  the  county  of 
Derby. 

He  was  bom  Sd  March,  1792,  and  was 
son  of  the  Rev.  Philip  Acklom  Reaston, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Bariborough,  by  Eliza- 
beth his  wife,  elder  daughter  of  John 
HeathoDte,  aso.  and  ffranddaughter  of 
Cornelius  Heatncote,  M.D.  who  married 
Frances,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Francis 
Rodes,  third  Baronet  of  Bariborough, 
High  Sheriff  of  NotU  in  1671,  through 
whom  therefore  the  late  Mr.  Rodes  was 
enabled  to  claim  a  blood  rebdonship  with 
this  ancient  and  knightly  family,  seated  at 
Bariborough  for  so  many  generations. 
The  first  whom  we  find  described  of  that 
place  was  Sir  Francis*  Rodes,  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleaa  in 
the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  fifth  in 
descent  from  William  de  Rhodes,  who, 
acquiring  the  manor  of  Stavely  Wuod- 
thorpe,  in  the  county  of  Derby,  by  roar- 
riaae,  established  his  residence  there. 

Mr.  Justice  Rodes  married  twice.  By 
his  first  wifef  he  had  issue  Sir  John 
Rodes,  High  Sheriff  of  Derbyshire,  36tb 
Elizabeth,  whose  son.  Sir  Francis  Rodes, 
Knt.  was  created  a  Baronet  by  King 
Charles  the  First,  14th  Aug.  1641. 

The  maternal  ancestor  of  the  late  Mr. 
Reaston  Bodes,  vii«  Frances  Rodes,  who 
maniod  Gilbert  Heathcote  above  men- 
tioned, was  great-granddaughter   of  the 


•  This  distinguished  Judge  built  the 
pvesent  Bariborough  Hall,  and  on  the 
chimney  piece  in  the  entrance  hall,  which 
ia  alaborately  carved  in  stone,  is  the  in- 
aeription,  "  Francis  Rodes  serviens  suae 
Raginm  ad  Legem  Anno  Dom.  1584. 
iEtatissoflB50." 

f  By  his  second  wife,  Mr.  Justice 
Rodes  bad  issue  Sir  Godfrey  Rodes,  who 
settled  at  Great  Houghton,  co.  York, 
and  was  father  of  Sir  Edward  Rodes, 
KnL  and  of  Elizabeth,  third  wife  and 
widow  of  theiU.fated  Earl  of  Strafford. 


1844.] 


Obituaey,— Ma  John  Wright. 


43; 


Biroiiet  juit  named.  The  miild  line  of 
tbe  hmWf  fiuling  in  1743^  by  the  death  of 
Sir  Jobn  Eodes,  Dart,  writbaut  Ufiue^ 
Barlkirou^h  and  tbe  otber  estates  de- 
volve upon  bis  great *iieph«w,  Gilbert 
tiaatbcote,  c«%.  who  thcretipon  ai- 
turned  the  surname  and  aims  ot  Eodet. 
H«  died,  bowever^  uii married  in  I7li8, 
wbi^n  tbe  property  paired  to  biji  nepheWr* 
Corneiius  Ueuthcotc,  «sq.  who  al«o  took 
tb£  name  of  Rodes,  but  died,  like  hia 
^redeceMor,  unmarhed|6tb  March,  1825, 
nlMtfaupoa  bo  waa  succeeded  by  his 
nepbeWf  the  late  Mr.  Eeasion  AodeSi 
then  Mr.  Et^astoiu  This  ^nttenuui,  in 
iron(«equif(ice,  aftsiinied  by  sign  manual, 
20lh  K\in\f  IS^,  the  additionitl  surname 
and  armfi  of  Rodea.  He  received  hk 
tfarly  education  at  tbe  Qnunmar  School  of 
ReptoD,  near  Derby,  under  the  late  Dr. 
Sleath,  from  whence  be  proeeeded  to  St. 
John's  college,  Cambridge,  where  be 
graduated  B.A.  in  IBH,  and  MJ^.  In 
Ibis.  Soon  afterwards  be  entered  into 
holy  orders,  hot  be  bA»  not  for  noany 
yeart  past  held  any  preferment  In  the 
Churehni  Mr.  RodM  married,  al  St. 
George'i,  Hanover  Square,  iBth  Jiin«, 
)SS5,  Anna  .  Maria  -  Harriet,  youngest 
daughter  of  William  Goisipi  esq.  of 
Hatfield  House,  co.  York,  but  has  left  no 


For  some  time  paat  he  had  been  luf- 
faring  from  ill  health,  and  only  btely  re» 
turned  from  a  tour  on  tbe  Continent,  He 

was  a  line  Hpeeimen  of  tbe  upright  hoa- 
pituble  English  gentleman,  and  | 
of  talents  of  a  very  high  oi4cr. 


Ma.  Joijj*  WaicHT. 

Ftk,  25*  In  Oh nabnr^ 'Street,  Eegent^s 
Pirk»  aged  73,  Mr.  John  Wright. 

Ma  was  tbe  son  of  a  clerk  to  a  manuf«c- 
tnrlAf  house  in  tbe  cit^  of  Norwich,  and 
tMS  a|iprent]ced  to  his  uncle  a  Mr,  J. 
Hiper,  a  silk-mercer.  Habits  of  husineas 
f««re,  however,  uniuitable  to  hia  taste;  and 
he  early  evinced  a  disposition  to  litcrnry 
pursuits.  Upon  tbe  cxpiiKtion  ot  bis 
apprenticeship,  he  went  to  London,  and 
was  there  eowed  as  foreman  or  super. 
intendent  at  Mr.  Hookbani's  rooms  in 
Bond-strecty  where  he  made  tbe  ac- 
quatntance  ol  many  distinguished  litemry 
men  ol  the  time.  He  afterwards  entered 
into  butinesa  on  bin  own  Hccount  as  a 
bookseller  in  Piccadilly ;  and  at  bis 
house  Wfti  concocted  I  be  celebrated  work 
entitled  '*  Tbe  AntijaiJobin/'  ajid  many 
of  tbe  articles  were  there  written.  He 
inlroiluced  Mr.  John  Gilford  to  Mr. 
Canning  und  to  Mr.  Frere  aa  the  editor 
of  the  publication.  As  a  puUiaiiciv  llr. 
Wright  was  uoaticceailul :  M  Wiiited  tbe 


necessary  capital;  and  he  was  obliged^ 
therefore,  to  abandon  the  trade.  He  be- 
came  acquainted  with  Mr.  Cobbctt,  who 
flpeculated  upon  tbe  publication  of  a  "  Par- 
liamentary History  ;'*  and  Mr.  Wright 
wrote  the  whole  of  this  work,  no  part 
whatever  of  it  proceeding  from  the  pen 
of  Mr.  CobbeCt.  They  disagreed ;  a 
lawsuit  was  the  consequence ;  and  tbe 
work  merisred  into  **  Han(iard*§  Parlta- 
mentary  Debatet ,"  of  which  Mr.  Wright 
became  the  editor,  and  had  some  shares 
In  the  work. 

Mr.  Wright  was  also  the  author  of  a 
*'  Life  of  Mr.  Huskisson/*  which  be 
publisbed,  together  with  tbe  speeches  of 
that  statesman p  upon  bis  own  account; 
and  this  speculation  was  attended  with 
eonaiderable  loss,  and,  indeed,  involved 
him  in  difficulties  from  which  be  never 
got  perfectly  emancipated. 

Pie  was  employed  as  a  sub-cditor  to 
many  works  nubtSaked  by  Mr.   Murray 
and  Mr.  BenUey,  of  whidi  we  may  par- 
ticularly   mciitioii    Croker^s    edition   of 
fioswell's  **  Life  of  Johnson,*'  «'  Byron's 
Works    and    Illustnitions/'     **  Crabbe*» 
Works/'    **Tbe    Chstbam   Correspond- 
ence," and  **  Walpole's  Letters.*'  upon 
which  work  he  was  engaged  at  the  time 
of  bii  decease.     But  Mr.  Wright's  chief, 
and  untortunutely  unfinished,  publication 
consists    of    *<  Sir    Henry    (javcndisb'a 
Debates  of  tbe  House  of  Commons  during 
tbe   Idtk  ParUament  of  Ureat  Britain, 
and  commonly  known  as  tbe  *  Unreported 
Parliament.'  '*    The«0  were  found  smong 
the   Bridgewater  MS 8.   in   tbe   British 
Museum,  written  in  short- band,  to  which 
Mr.   Wright  formed  a  key,  transcribed 
the  debates,  and  printed  them,  together 
with  **  Illustrations  of  the  Parliamentary 
History  of  the   Eeign  of    George    the 
Tbirtl,"  drawn  ft^m  various  impubUshed 
letters,   private  joumals,    memoirs,   flee. 
In  this  very  important  work  be  did  not 
meet  with  the  support  be  deserved,  though 
it   is  tidmitted   on   all  hands  to  be  ably 
executed.     Lord  Bronghsm  has  given  his 
testimony  to  Mr.  Wright's  ability  in  his 
late  volume  on  the  statesmen  of  George 
II L  and  also  in  his  place  in  Parliament; 
and  to  this  ikobleman,  Hudson   Gnrney. 
esq.  (to  whom  he  was  also  much  indebted 
for  liberal  acts  of  regard),  an»l  a  very  few 
others,  Mr.  Wright  was  indebted  for  tbe 
means   of  carrying  on  hi*    publication. 

He  was  a  man  of  amiab!*-  '"  t*  mid 

strict  probity.     His  aecu  vena 

value  to  all  his  labour».  irred 

at  tbe  church  of  St.  Afiii^i' l^f^e,  and 
attended  to  the  grave  by  hi"*  Jnends,  Mr. 
Pettigrcw,  Mr.  Graham,  Mr.  Todbonlef| 
Mid  Mr*  Beale.    (Liitnry  Gnutte,) 


438 


Obitctart. — Mr.  Duruiet. — Mr,  Wreitch, 


[April 


Mr.  DuRUBiT. 

Nov,  6.  After  a  few  months*  illness, 
in  his  52d  year,  Mr.  Duniset,  of  the 
theatres  royal  Drury  Lane  and  Covent 
Garden. 

This  gentleman  was  bom  in  London. 
Having  evinced  some  degree  of  musical 
taste,  he  was  placed  as  an  indentured  pupil 
with  Domenico  Corn,  the  composer  of 
the  beautiful  music  in  the  opera  of  **  The 
Travellers/*  and  when  a  boy,  was  intro- 
duced on  the  Drury  Lane  boards,  in  a 
melo-drama  entitled  <*  The  Siege  of  St. 
Quintin.**  At  the  destruction  of  Drurv 
Lane  theatre  by  fire,  he  was  drafted  witn 
the  company  to  the  Lyceum. 

In  the  year  1810,  Mr.  Duruset  pro- 
cored  an  engagement  at  Covent  Garden 
theatre,  and  soon  after  obtained  the  pa- 
tronage  of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire, 
which  doubtless  was  of  considerable  ser- 
vice to  him  in  the  prosecution  of  bis 
musical  studies.  His  performance  of 
Cymon  may  be  taken  at  the  highest 
standard  of  his  vocal  and  histrionic  abili- 
ties ;  the  song  of  *'  You  gave  me  last 
week  a  young  linnet,**  he  executed  de- 
lightfully,  and  he  looked  the  character  of 
the  imbecile  to  great  perfection. 

As  a  singer,  he  possessed  a  pleasing 
organ,  and  was  an  accomplished  musician  ; 
and  as  a  performer,  where  the  opportunity 
was  afforded,  always  displayed  a  degree 
of  quiet  humour  which  was  highlv  enter, 
taining.  He  carried  this  playful  humour 
into  society,  and  combining  it  with  the 
agreeable  qualities  uf  voice,  an  amiable 
disposition,  and  the  manners  of  a  gentle- 
man,  was  ever  most  welcome  where  such 
recommendations  could  be  justly  appre- 
ciated. Mr.  Duruset  was  an  ardent  lover 
of  the  angle,  and  the  placid  enjoyments 
connected  with  that  pursuit.  His  loss  is 
truly  felt  by  a  great  number  of  admirers 
and  friends,  sincerely  attached  to  him  for 
his  unassuming  deportment,  various  ta- 
lent, and  kindness  of  heart. 


Mb.  Wrench. 

Nov.  23.  At  his  lodgings  in  Pickett, 
place.  Strand,  aged  65,  Mr.  fienjamin 
Wrench,  comedian. 

This  gentleman  was  descended  from  a 
respectable  family,  and  was  a  native  of 
London.  His  grandfather  was  Sir  Ben- 
jamin  Wrench,  an  eminent  physician ; 
and  his  father  held  a  lucrative  situation 
in  the  Exchequer,  and  died  when  the  sub* 
ject  of  our  memoir  had  scarcely  attained 
his  seventh  year,  leaving  the  care  and  tui- 
tion of  three  sons  and  a  daughter  to  an 
affectionate  mother.  Mr.  Wrench's  bro- 
thers were  placed  in  the  army,  and  the 
elder  was  accidentally  killed  in  the  neign- 
bourhood  of  Ediobuiigb,  by  a  fall  from 


bis  horse ;  the  other  served  for  some  time 
in  the  44th  regiment  of  foot,  at  Malta, 
and  is  still  living. 

It  was  understood  to  be  the  desire  of 
Mr.  Wrench's  father  that  he  should  be 
educated  for  the  Church  ;  but,  like  many 
other  wearers  of  the  sock  and  buskin, 
imbibed  an  early  love  for  the  dramu  from 
reciting  classical  fragments  at  school.  His 
first  theatrical  essay  (professionally  con- 
sidered) was  at  Stamford,  in  Lincolnshire, 
where  he  exhibited  such  strong  symptoms 
of  talent,  and  was  so  particularly  success- 
ful, that  he  shortly  afterwards  procured 
en  engagement  from  the  famous  Mr.  Tate 
Wilkinson,  then  Manager  of  the  York 
Theatre,  and  the  rapid  progress  which  he 
made  in  improvement,  under  the  auspices 
of  that  gentleman,  led  him  to  an  engage- 
ment  in  Edinburgh,  where  he  played  a 
variety  of  characters  in  tragedy  as  well  as 
comedy,  but  his  success  in  each  was  truly 
flattering.  About  this  time  Mr.  Eiiiston 
Quitted  the  Bath  Theatre,  and  Mr. 
Wrench  was  invited  by  the  proprietors  of 
that  establishment  to  visit  Bath,  and  be- 
come the  locum  tenent  of  that  meritorious 
performer ;  and  he  remained,  during  two 
years  in  that  pkce,  under  the  particular 
patronage  of  Lord  Wilmot  and  the  Hon. 
Mrs.  Hartopp. 

An  offer  from  the  manager  of  the  York 
Theatre  tempted  him  to  quit  Bath  ;  but, 
finding  that  his  health  was  somewhat  im- 
paired  by  excessive  fatigue, he  relinquished 
that  situation,  and  was  returning  to  Bath 
upon  increased  advantages,  when  the  offer 
of  an  engagement  from  the  proprietors  of 
Drury  Lane  Theatre  met  him  in  London ; 
and  upon  the  representation  of  the  nature 
of  that  offier,  the  proprietors  of  the  Bath 
Theatre  released  him  from  his  treaty  with 
them.  While  Mr.  Wrench  remained  at 
Bath  his  gentlemanly  demeanour  gained 
him  the  goodwill  of  all  who  came  within 
the  circle  of  his  action  ;  and  on  the  first 
night  that  he  played  at  York,  Tate  ViiU 
kinson  (who  was  never  proverbial  for 
being  prodigal  in  compliments)  came  hob- 
bling into  the  dressing-room  at  the  con- 
clusion of  the  play,  exclaiming,  **  Where 
is  Mr.  Wrench?"  and,  on  finding  him, 
said,  "  I  am  come,  sir,  to  tell  you  that 
you  have  a  great  deal  of  roast  beef  about 
you ;"  and  then  quitted  the  room  with  a 
significant  look  that  seemed  to  imply — 
"  There*s  a  passport  to  fame  and  fortune 
for  you,  young  man,  and  now  use  it  as  an 
impulse  to  your  powers.'* 

Mr.  Wrench  made  his  first  appearance 
on  the  Drury  Lane  boards  Oct.  7,  1809, 
in  the  charucters  of  Belcour  in  the  *'  West 
Indian,"  and  Tristram  Fickle,  in  "  The 
Weathercock."  His  reception  was  very 
flattering,  notwithstanding  the  applause 


Obitdarit. 


I 


which  Bannister  bad  previmisly  met  with 
in  tbe  farrc,  and  wbo  was  the  odgiiml 
Tmtrain  Fickle  in  Loudon  ;  and  it  wai 
remarked  by  Mr.  BaniUHter^  who  wnt  «t 
that  time  pr«veiiteil  from  acting  by  a  bad 
hand,  that  be  never  witnessed  a  first 
jip  pea  ranee  which  \ras  so  promising.  Mr. 
Wrcncli  nfterwards  pertormed  Archer, 
Bt^iiedickf  DiddltT,  &{.%  Sic. 

Subsequently  he  belonged  to  the  A  del- 
phi  for  many  yeviv&^  where  be  was  seen  to 
great  advantage  in  seveinl  admirable 
vaudenlles  translated  from  the  French- 
and  in  the  lummer  season  be  usually  per- 
formed at  the  Lyceum* 


DEATHS. 

LONDON    AND    ITS    VICINITY. 

Jan,  10.  Id  CavendiBh-aq.  Charlotte, 
fiecoutl  dan-  of  the  late  Thomas  NorcliJffe, 
esq.  of  Langton-hall^  Yorkshire. 

J*tn»  14.  In  CharluS'St.  Middlesex 
Hospital,  Mr.  Charles  Fiuwilliara,  come- 
dian ;  brother  to  Mr.  Edward  Fitxwilliam, 
the  voealiflt. 

Jnn.  17.  Aged  BS,  Capt.  John  Howard 
Kyan. 

Ja/f.  18.  At  Clap  ton  r  aged  88,  Ann, 
relict  of  Edw.  Austin,  esq. 

JuH.  19.  Aged  84,  Ann,  relict  of  EJ* 
word  HoHinahead,  esq.  of  Kcnuington. 

Jan.  22.  In  Montagu -pi.  aged  71r 
Edward  Wall  is,  esq. 

Aged  (j(i,  Mr.  Francis  Piakney,  hook* 
seller,  of  the  Military  Library,  Charing 
Crosfi. 

At  CamberweU, aged  HI,  Hantmh,  relict 
of  James  BeoBOQi  esq.  of  Upper  Clopton. 

Jan,  ^.  In  Tysoe-street,  Wilming- 
too-fiq.  of  consumption,  aged  27,  Eliza, 
the  wife  of  Mr.  David  Craven. 

Feb,  G,  In  Cftmbridge-terr.  Hyde-park, 
aged  70,  Lady  Barton. 

Feb,  7.  In  Thaycr-st.  aged  26^  Louisa* 
JobnatouCf  widow  of  Lieut. 'Col.  Suejd, 
of  the  Madras  army* 

Ffb.  9.  In  Momlugton-creic*  Hamp* 
stead-road,  aged  3G,  Mary,  dau.  of  the 
Late  Rev.  S.  Crowther,  vicar  of  Christ 
ChurKih,  Newgate. St. 

At  lAliDgton^aged  74,  Robert  Ha«e,  esq, 

Fi^lf.  II.  Ill  Windsor terr,  aged  71* 
Eliza,  relict  of  John  Gibson,  esq.  of  the 
17th  Drag,  and  sister  of  Co).  Nickle,  K.H. 

In  the  Crescent,  Americft-aq,  aged  3<», 
El ixaheth- Sarah,  wife  of  Randall  Ulynes, 
e«(|. 

Felt,  12.  On  the  Terrace,  in  the  Tower, 
agedlHly  Robert  Porrett,  esq. 

til  Woburn-pl.  aged  65,  Marf  p  the  wife 
of  John  Finch,  esq. 

Feb,  13.  In  Sloane-st.  aged  90,  Abra- 
ham Lalunde,  esq.  brother  of  the  late 
Gen.  Lalande,  Hon.  East  India  Co.*a  senr. 


u 


Feb.  14.  In  FiDsbury-plaee  aged  60, 
John  Marpolc,  esq*  surgeon  R.N.  of 
Newtown,  Montgameryshire. 

In  Park -St.  Grosvenor-square,  aged  7^ 
Isabel  I  a  -  Margaret  -  Alicia  *  Elknor,  only 
dau.  of  the  Hon.  H.  Butler  Johnstone* 

In  Percy-8t.  Bedford-sq.  aged  33, Theo- 
dore von  Hoist,  historical  painter. 

In  Cbester-^t.  Grosvenor^pl.  Eleanor, 
wife  of  John  Key,  esq. 

At  Islington,  aged  9o,  Henry  Allen, 
esq.  surgeon,  son  of  James  Allen,  esq.  of 
Macci  cell  eld. 

Feb.  15,  In  Amndel-at,  Eiiia,  eldest 
dan.  of  the  late  Thomas  Chapman,  esq.  of 
Richmond. 

Feh,  16.  In  So  nth  wick -street,  Hyde- 
park,  Susanna,  eldest  dan,  of  the  late 
Capt.  Henry  Leigh,  of  East-pL  Lambeth. 

James  Webster,  esq.  formerly  of  Pall 
Mall  and  Brompton-sq.  and  subsequently 
one  of  the  Supcrinteiidents  of  Factories. 

In  Manchester-sq.  aged  35,  the  Right 
Hon.  Edmond  Henry  Pcry,  Viscount 
GlentworCh^  eldest  son  of  the  late  Viscount 
Glcntworth,  and  grandson  of  the  Earl  of 
Limerick.  He  married  in  1B36  Eve- 
Maria,  2d  dau.  of  Henry  Villebois,  esq. 
but  ha£  left  no  issue.  His  next  brother, 
William  Henry,  born  in  1815,  now  be- 
comes Lord  Glentworth. 

In  Norfolk-cresc.  Hyde-park,  aged  23, 
Catharine- Ann,  wife  of  John  Mackenzie, 
esq. 

Feb.  18.  Buried  at  St.  Bride's,  Fleet- 
8t.  aged  43,  Charles  Cole,  a  well-known 
character.  He  was  5  feet  7  inche*  in 
height,  and  of  extraordinary  bulk,  weigh- 
ing nearly  24  stone.  He  had  been  ct^ok 
at  the  Rainbow,  Flect-st.  nearly  14  years. 

Feb.  10.  At  South  Uttjhith,  aged  74, 
Mrs,  Prudence  Lncas,  sister  of  M,P. 
Lucaa,  esq.  Alderman  of  London. 

Ffb.  20.  Aged  34,  WiQiam  Fraser, 
eaq.  youngest  son  of  the  late  John  Fraser, 
esq.  of  the   Sii  Clerks'  Office. 

In  the  Peck  ham  Workhouse,  Mr,  Rob- 
son,  the  projector  of  the  Poi»t  Office  Di- 
rectory. He  once  moved  high  in  commer- 
cial credit,  but,  after  the  loss  of  his  for- 
tune, was  compelled  to  seek  parochial  aid. 

Feb.  23,  In  Sackville-st.  Elizabeth, 
wife  of  J.  W.  Proot,  esq.  of  Lincola's- 
inn,  Barrister- at -Law. 

In  George- St,  Portman^aq.  Elizabeth. 
Caroline,  only  dau.  of  C.  Derby,  esq. 

At  Brompton,  aged  71.  Eli^isibeth, 
relict  of  T.  Tyerman,  esq.  of  Hoflei-st. 

Feb,  25,  In  Beroard-st.  Ruk.  ll-sq, 
John  Percival  Beanmont,  esq.  Ul^  Cnpt. 
30th  Rcgt. 

At  W'alworth,  aged  64,  Mary,  wife  of 
Rich.  RoiIey,esq.  of  EarPaWood,  Rci^.  i^% 

In  Great  Ormond-st.  aged  7  1,  Um  'it 
GlenD,  esq.    He  held  the  iiiuatiou   ui 


J 


440 


nrasic-inaster  to  C1irist*8  Hospital  for 
nearly  40  jean. 

At  Stepner,  aged  41,  Mrs.  Chariotte 
Staager,  second  dan.  of  the  late  Capt. 
John  Fox,  of  the  Hon.  East  India  Com- 
pany's Senrice. 

FH.  27.  Benjamin  Milb,  esq.  of  Park 
Tillage  Eaat,  R^eat's  Pkrk. 

/M.  98.  William  Huberte  Gjde,  eaq. 
of  the  Middle  Temple. 

Aged  28,  Henry  Bdmnnd,  eldeat  son  of 
Henry  Thompson,  esq.  formerly  of  Chifl- 
wick. 

Aged  93,  Peter,  eldest  son  of  Peter 
DiTey,  esq.  of  Snssex-pl.  Regent^s  Park. 

Feb,  29.  In  Wobum-pl.  Mary,  dan. 
of  the  late  Henry  Goodman,  esq.  of  Great 
Alie-st.  Goodman *8-field8. 

At  Peckham  Rye,  aged  78,  Vincent 
Figgins,  esq.  the  eminent  type-founder. 
He  was  the  apprentice  and  successor  to 
Mr.  Joseph  Jackson,  an  eminent  letter 
founder  (of  whom  there  is  a  character  in 
this  Magazine  for  1792,  pp.  92,  166,  649, 
and  a  portrait  in  the  toI.  for  1*96,  p.  728.) 
Mr.  I^ggins  was  for  several  year:)  a  com- 
mon councilman  for  the  ward  of  Farring- 
don  Without,  was  an  amiable  and  worthy 
character,  and  was  generally  respected. 

At  Highbury  Park,  aged  77,  David 
Hitchcock,  esq. 

At  Highgate,  Sarah,  wife  of  the  Rev. 
E.  Over,  late  Curate  of  that  parish. 

At  Park-road,  Regent's  Park,  aged  53, 
Charles  Carpenter  Bompas,  esq.  seijeant- 
•t-law,  senior  of  the  Western  Circuit. 
He  died  very  suddenly  from  inflammation 
of  the  bowels.  He  was  called  to  the  bar 
at  the  Inner  Temple  Nov.  24,  1815,  and 
to  the  degree  of  serjeant-at-law  in  Trinity 
term,  1827. 

Lately,  At  Wandsworth,  at  an  ad- 
vanced  age,  Joseph  Gattey,  esq. 

In  Piccadilly,  aged  89t  Charles  Sam- 
ion,  esq. 

In  Allsop-terr.  New-road,  aged  91, 
Mrs.  Fanny  Uorton. 

A/areh  1.  At  St.  John's  Wood,  aged 
66,  Harriet- Ann,  only  dau.  of  the  late 
E.  Armstrong,  esq.  of  Percy-street,  and 
Forty-hall,  Middlesex,  sister  of  the  late 
Rev.  W.  A.  Armstrong,  Rector  of  South 
Hykham,  Lincolnshire,  and  Gen.  G.  A. 
Armstrong. 

In  Bri<%e-Bt.  Blackfriars,  aged  53,  Eli- 
zabeth, relict  of  Henry  Downer,  esq.  of 
Rocky -hill,  Maidstone. 

March  2.  In  Ebury-st.  Pimlico,  aged 
89,  Anne,  relict  of  John  Walter,  esq. 

In  St.  James' 8-square,  at  an  advanced 
age,  the  Right  Hon.  Catharine  dowager 
Countess  B«mchamp,  widow  of  Willijun 
first  Earl  Beauchamp.  She  was  the  only 
daughter  of  James  Dean,  esq.  and  was 
left  a  widow  in  1816,  hafing  had  issue  the 


Obituabt.  [April, 

late  and  present  Earis,  the  dowager  Covn- 
tess  Longford,  and  several  other  children. 

March  3.  James  Sidebetham,  esq.  so- 
licitor,  of  Hatton  garden. 

Aged  60,  Mary,  widow  of  G.  W.  Pren- 
tice,  esq.  and  formerly  rdict  of  M«jor 
Leach,  of  the  30th  foot. 

At  the  house  of  hia  brother-in-Uw,  aged 
63,  Thomas  Haddan,  esq.  of  Linie-street- 
square. 

In  New  Broad-street,  aged  81,  George 
Kinloch,  esq.  of  Kalr,  Kincardineshire. 

Aged  85,  Ann,  widow  of  Thomas  Bet- 
teswortb,  esq. 

March  4.  At  Camberwell,  Jane,  wife 
of  Daniel  Britten,  esq. 

Aged  23,  James  John  Markby,  of  the 
Secretaries'  Department  in  the  General 
Post  Office,  eldest  son  of  James  Markby, 
esq.  of  Aberdeen-pl.  Maida-hill. 

March  5.  At  his  chambers  in  Pami- 
val's-inn,  aged  27,  William  St.  John  St. 
Aubyn,  esq. 

Ann,  wife  of  Samuel  Brandram,  esq.  of 
Cumberland- ten*.  Regent*8-park. 

In  Finsbury-sq.  aged  87,  Rachel  Norsa, 
relict  of  Moses  Norsa,  esq. 

March  6.  Aged  44,  Henry  Lowe,  esq. 
of  Southampton -buildings,  Chancery- 
lane,  and  North  Cray,  Kent. 

In  Gloucester-pl.  Elisabeth,  relict  of 
Francis  Lloyd,  esq.  of  Leaton,  Salop,  and 
Domjay,  Montgomeryshire,  and  M.P.  for 
the  latter  county. 

At  Putney,  aged  79,  Richard  Lee,  esq. 

March  7-  Aged  SO,  George  M'Mnrray, 
esq.  of  Warinn-town,  Ireland. 

March  9.  In  Wohnm-pl.  Rnssell-sq. 
at  her  uncle's  the  Yen.  Archdeacon  Potts, 
aged  69,  Sarah,  dau.  of  the  late  John  Ra- 
vel Frye,  esq.  of  the  Island  of  Montaerrat. 

March  10.  At  Croudi-end,  aged  66, 
Israel  Thomas  Coleman,  esq.  of  the  firm 
of  Sir  C.  Price  and  Co.  King  William-st. 

March  12.  In  Grosvenor*pl.  Thomas 
Strangways  Homer,  esq.  of  Mells-park, 
Somerset. 

In  Bedford-sq.  aged  22,  Elizabeth  Mi- 
riam,  dau.  of  Pfaineas  Nathan,  esq. 

March  13.  At  his  son's,  Clapton,  aged 
62,  William  Purnell,  esq.  late  of  Bristol. 

Beds.— Fe*.  9.  At  Bedford,  aged  84, 
Frances,  widow  of  John  Macartha  Sharpe, 
esq.  Solicitor-(}en.  of  the  Island  of  Gre- 
nada, and  sister  of  the  late  Sir  Peter 
Payne,  Bart. 

Feb.  21.  Aged  85,  Robert  Elliott,  esq. 
of  Goldington  House,  near  Bedford. 

March  1.  At  Bedford,  aged  80,  Thomas 
Gumey,  esq. 

March  2.  At  the  vicarage,  Poddlngton, 
Emily,  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Brereton. 

Beaks. — Jan,  18.  Aged  54,  William 
Bennett,  esq.  of  Ftfringdon  House. 


1844.] 


Obitvart. 


441 


Feb,  3S.  At  Fyfield,  at  the  resideoce 
of  her  sister,  Mrs.  Bame8»  Sarah-Jane, 
youngest  dan.  of  the  late  D.  Black,  esq. 
and  wife  of  Frederick  Roach,  esq.  of  Ar- 
reton,  I.  W. 

Mareh  I.  At  Southern  Hill,  near 
Reading,  Maria,  widow  of  the  Rev.  J. 
C.  Wright,  Rector  of  Walkem,  Herts,  and 
Fellow  of  Eton,  and  dan.  of  William 
Ogle  Wallace  Ogle,  esq.  of  Cansej  Park, 
Northumberland. 

March  7.  At  Eton  College,  aged  83, 
Mrs.  Cordelia  Kitchen. 

Bucks. — Feb.  6.  At  Chesham,  aged 
29,  Jane,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Osborne  Rey- 
nolds, Curate  of  Chesham. 

Cambridoe. — Feb,  10.  At  Wisbech, 
South  Brink,  aged  75,  John  Sculthorpe, 
esq .  He  was  many  years  in  the  commis- 
sion of  the  peace  for  the  Isle  of  Ely,  and 
a  Deput  j-Lieut.  of  Cambridgeshire. 

Feb.  21.  At  Ely,  Capt.  Christopher 
Beauchamp,  of  the  Cambridgeshire  Militia. 

Feb.  24.  At  Wisbech,  aged  80,  Thomas 
Pulvertoft,  esq.  formerly  of  Spalding. 

At  Wisbech,  aged  96,  Mrs.  Clark, 
widow  of  Wm.  Clark,  esq.  formerly  an 
attorn  7  at  Wisbech. 

Chf.shirb. — Jan,  4.  Aged  37,  Henry, 
sixth  son  of  Randal  Hibbert,  of  Godley,  esq. 

Feb.  7.  At  Thelwall  HaU,  near  War- 
rington, in  the  64th  year  of  her  age,  Lucy, 
the  beloved  wife  of  Peter  Nicholson,  esq. 
She  was  born  at  Warrington,  4th  Nov. 
1 780,  and  was  the  only  daughter  and  sur- 
viving child  of  William  Eyres,  esq.  of  that 
place.  By  her  husband  and  family,  and 
by  a  large  circle  of  friends  who  knew  and 
enjoyed  her  friendship,  the  loss  of  this 
lady  will  be  long  and  painfully  felt.  To 
the  warmest  and  most  affectionate  heart 
she  united  a  singular  clearness  of  judg- 
ment, and  an  intellect  of  the  highest  order, 
and  the  charm  of  her  society  and  conver- 
sation was  heightened  by  an  intuitive  dis- 
cernment of  character  very  rarely  to  be 
met  with.  In  the  domestic  relations  of 
life,  as  a  daughter,  wife,  and  mother>  she 
was,  it  may  truly  be  said,  alike  a  pattern 
of  exemplary  duty  and  goodness.  Mrs. 
Nicholson  was  married  on  the  24th 
August,  1809,  and  has  left  issue  two  sons 
and  two  daughters.  Her  remains  were 
interred  at  Thelwall  on  the  1 1th  Feb. 

Cornwall.— Feft.  13.  Hebe-Elisa- 
beth, relict  of  Edmund  Prideauz,  esq.  of 
Hex  worthy. 

Feb.  25.     At   Leskinnick,   near  Pen- 
zance, aged  77,  Thos.  Foster  Barfaam,  esq. 
March  5.   At  Launceston,  aged  89,  W. 
Derry,  esq. 

Devon. — Jan.  17.  At  Barnstaple, 
aged  83,  Mrs.  Robertson,  relict  of  W. 
Robertson,  esq.  of  the  Hon.  East  India 
Company's  Service. 

Gent.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI. 


Feb,  9.  At  Barnstaple,  aged  65,  Su- 
sanna, widow  of  Capt.  George  Richardson, 
of  the  Hon.  East  India  Company's  Serv. 
Feb.  15.  At  Totnes,  aged  86,  John 
Cole,  esq.  for  many  years  an  alderman  of 
the  old  corporation. 

Feb.  16.  At  Brentor,  Mrs.  Isabella 
HolweU  Holwell,  of  Devonshire-place, 
widow  of  the  Rev.  Edward  Ofspring  Hol- 
weU, Vicar  of  Plymtree. 

Feb.  19.  At  Barnstaple,  aged  17, 
Emily,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Robert 
Weldon  Grace,  esq. 

At  Newton  Abbot,  aged  33,  Elizabeth- 
Mary,  fifth  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Wm. 
Hole,  formerly  Rector  of  Belston,  and 
niece  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Hole,  of  Wool- 
fardisworthy. 

Feb.  23.  At  nfracombe,  aged  62,  T. 
J.  Armiger,  esq.  many  years  connected 
with  the  London  Hospital  and  Eastern 
Dispensary. 

At  Teign  Villa,  near  Teignmouth,  aged 
68,  Sarah,  wife  of  William  Kempe, 
esq. 

Feb.  26.    At  his  residence,  Coombes* 

head,  aged  57,  Edward  Chamberlain,  esq. 

Feb.  28.     At  Sidmouth,  aged  89,  Mr. 

Charles  Sanderson,  late    Lieut,  in  the 

South  Devon  Militia. 

Lately.  At  Bndleigh  Salterton,  Ed- 
mund Williams,  A.  B.  son  of  the  Rev.  D. 
Williams,  of  Overton. 

At  Dawlish,  aged  74,  Ann  Cove,  sister 
of  the  late  John  Cove,  esq.  of  Green, 
Bishopsteignton. 

March  1.  At  St.  Leonard's,  aged  81, 
Anne,  relict  of  Wm.  Ashe,  esq.  of  Ash- 
grove,  CO.  Cork,  and  second  dau.  of  the 
late  Sir  Emanuel  Moore,  Bart,  of  Ross* 
Carberry,  in  that  county. 

March  5.  At  Torquay,  aged  12,  Maria- 
Harriott,  dan.  of  Major-Gen.  H.  Ro- 
berts, C.  B.  of  Milford-lodge,  near  Ly- 
mington. 

March  6.  At  Exeter,  Thomas  Jackson, 
esq.  surgeon  R.N. 

March  9.  Aged  67,  Ridiard  Ware, 
esq.  of  Newport,  Barnstaple,  formerly  of 
Crook,  North  Tawton. 

March  11.  At  Cadhay  House,  Ottery 
St.  Mary,  Mary,  wife  of  John  Collin, esq. 
and  only  dau.  of  the  late  Philip  Gell,  esq. 
of  Hopton,  Derbyshire. 

At  Exeter,  F.  A.  Femandes,  esq.  for- 
merly a  Spanish  merchant  in  South  Ame- 
rica, and  afterwards  of  Corunna. 

Dorset. — Jan.  15.  At  Lyme  Regis, 
aged  80,  Miss  Charlotte  Pyne,  of  West 
Charlton,  Somerset. 

Jan.  19.  At  Weymouth,  aged  84,  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Fonblanque. 

F^b.  13.     At  Chilcomb,  aged  72,  Ro- 
bert Stong,  esq. 
Feb,  22.  At  Bradford  Peverd,  aged  71, 
3  L 


442 


Obitvahy. 


CApril 


Jane,  relict  of  the  Rev.  Sydenham  Sabine, 
of  IbbertoD. 

Feb.  23.  At  Sherborne,  Mrs.  Owen, 
widow  of  the  Rev.  Wm.  Owen,  formerly 
Rector  of  Rjme  Intrinseca. 

March  1 .  Aged  G9,  at  her  brother's, 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Warren,  Vicar  of  Tol- 
pnddle,  near  Dorchester,  Sarah-Johnson, 
wife  of  Mr.  Lewis  Jeanneret,  of  Dod- 
dington  Grove,  Kennington,  Surrey. 

March  3.  Lieut.-Col.  White,  of 
Swanage. 

March  4.  In  her  3d  year,  Catherine- 
Sophia- Frances,  only  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
Henry  St.  Andrew  St.  John,  Vicar  of 
Hi  ton. 

Essex.— />6.  4.  At  Little  Waltham, 
Elizabeth,  widow  of  William  Napier,  esq. 
Feb,  16.  At  Colchester,  aged  83,  Char- 
lotte,  wife  of  Love  Albert  Parry,  esq. 
formerly  Her  Majesty's  Ordnance  Store- 
keeper at  Harwich. 

Feb,  23.  Aged  69,  Mr.  Child,  of  Bel- 
champ  Walter,  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Thomas  Child,  of  Biddleston,  Suf. 
folk,  and  grandson  of  the  late  Dr.  Child, 
of  Lavenham. 

Ftb.  i.>4.  At  Walthamstow,  aged  8J), 
James  Hall,  esq. 

Feb,  29.  Suddenly,  on  the  Eastern 
Counties  Railway,  aged  61 ,  Mr.  Thomas 
Gainsborough,  of  Islington. 

March  4.  At  Great  Yeldham,  aged  4B, 
Mary- Alicia,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Henry 
Paxton,  of  that  parish. 

March  7.  At  Gosfield  Hall,  aged  78, 
Ann,  relict  of  Thomas  Millward,  esq. 
late  of  Jamaica. 

March  8.  Aged  80,  Thomas  Howard, 
esq.  of  Romford. 

March  12.  At  Brentwood,  Caroline- 
Mann,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Richard 
Landon,  of  Richmond,  Surrey,  and  Rec- 
tor of  Vange,  Essex. 

Gloucester.  —  Feb,  2.  At  Clifton, 
aged  74,  Juliana,  wife  of  Samuel  Frederick 
Milford,  esq.  and  dau.  of  the  late  William 
Ainge,  esq.  Barri8ter-at-Law,and  Bencher 
of  the  Middle  Temple. 

Feb,  8.  At  Holywell,  aged  82,  Ann, 
dan.  of  the  late  Ven.  and  Rev.  John 
Clarke,  M.A.  many  years  Master  of  the 
Grammar  School,  Guilsborough. 

At  Kingsdown,  aged  70,  Eleanor,  relict 
of  Capt.  John  Morley,  of  the  Hon.  East 
India  Company's  Service. 

At  Cheltenham,  Sarah-  Harriet,  youngest 
and  last  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  Dr. 
Bumcy,  of  Chelsea  College.  She  was  well 
known  as  the  authoress  of  **  Clarentine,** 
"The  Shipwreck,*'  "Country  Neigh- 
hours,"  &c. 

I'V^.  14.  At  Warmington  Grange,  near 
Cheltenham,  aged  42,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Gist. 
She  was  Marianne,  only  dau.  of  the  late 


and  sister  to  the  present  Lord  RoManore* 
and  married,  1824,  Samuel  G.  Gist,  esq. 
She  has  left  200/.  to  be  given  in  public 
charity  in  the  parishes  with  which  she  was 
connected,  viz.  50/.  to  the  poor  of  KiDg- 
stoD,  Ireland,  and  50/.  to  Mabon,  Ireland, 
20/.  to  the  Lying-in  Hospital,  Tewkes- 
bury, 5/.  to  the  poor  of  Broadway,  5/.  to 
the  poor  of  Wormington,  5/.  to  Didbrook, 
and  5/.  to  Winchcomb.  The  remaining 
60/.  will  be  appropriated  to  charitable  pur- 
poses in  the  parish  of  Cheltenham. 

Feb.  15.  At  Cheltenham,  aged  84,  Ann- 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  George  Adam  Asbew, 
esq.  of  Paliinsbum  House,  Nortbomb. 

Feb,  20.  At  Clifton  Hot  Wells,  aged 
74,  Migor  John  Birch,  late  of  65th  R^t. 

/>6. 2 1 .  At  Cheltenham,  aged  40,  Capt. 
George  Camie,  late  of  the  97th  Regt. 

Feb,  22.  At  Bridgend,  Bristol,  aged  91 , 
Mrs.  Davies,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Aomas 
Davies,  Rector  of  Coity. 

March  5.  At  Fairford,  aged  72,  C. 
Crouch,  esq. 

March  9.  At  Farmhill,  near  Strond, 
Elizabeth-Anne,  wife  of  Joseph  Cripps, 
jun.  esq. 

March  10.  At  Cheltenham,  Major 
George  Henry  Hutchins,  late  of  the  Ben- 
gal Army. 

At  Cheltenham,  aged  27,  John-Bn- 
chanan,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  John 
Kedington  \Miish,  Minister  of  Christ 
Church,  Gloucester. 

At  Cheltenham,  Mary,  relict  of  Henry 
Heyman,  esq.  of  Dancer's  HiU,  Middlesex. 

March  12.  Cecilia,  sixth  dan.  of  the 
late  Sir  Bethel  Codrington,  Bart,  of 
Dodington. 

Hants.— ./an.  18.  At  Ventnor,  I.  W. 
Charlotte-Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of  M^or 
G.  A.  Ramsay,  of  Hill  Lodge,  Enfield. 

Feb,  7.  At  Portsmouth,  Anna- Maria 
Williams,  sister  of  the  late  Colonel  Sir 
Richard  Williams,  K.C.B. 

Feb,  18.  At  Southampton,  Ellen, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  William  Tinker, 
esq.  of  Littleton  House,  Wilts. 

Feb.  20.  Aged  72,  George  Stone,  esq. 
of  Yarmouth.  I.  W.  and  of  Chislehurst. 

Fe6.  21.  At  Portsmouth,  John  Spice 
Halbert,  esq.  Purser  R.N.  formerly 
Secretary  to  Admirals  Sir  Roger  Curtis, 
Bart,  and  Sir  Richard  Bickerton,  Bart, 
while  those  distinguished  officers  were 
Commanders-in-Chief  during  the  late 
war.  He  was  a  Magistrate  of  Portsmouth, 
and  also  of  the  co.  Southampton. 

Feb.  23.  Eliza- Ann,  wife  of  Benjamin 
Browning,  esq.  M.D.  of  Newport,  I.W. 

Feb,  24.  At  an  advanced  age,  Col. 
Moncrieflfe,  formerly  Col.-Commandant 
of  Portsmouth  Division  of  Marines. 

Feb.  20'.  lliomas  Heather,  esq.  a  Ma- 
gistrate and  Alderman  of  Portsmouth, 


IH44.] 


ObitujirV* 


%4$ 


IW.  28.  Thomfts  Yardt  e«q,  of  Buck- 
[kiida,  Ryde,  L  W. 

Lately.  At  PorUmoutli,  ag(sd  83^ 
Dorothea,  widow  of  Gen.  Vinicombe»  E.  M* 

At  Southampton  I  Charles  G  roll  am «  eaq. 
Deputy  Com mb^ary  •General,  uad|  a  few 
days  nfterwarda,  Ann,  his  wife. 

March  i.  At  Ventnor,  L  W.  Richird 
Waldegravc,  cso,  of  Sun^st* 

At  Ventnor,  1.  W.  aged  18,  Georgina- 
£U2aihcth,  dau.  of  James  tlarrey,  esq.  of 
the  Commercial- road,  Lambeth,  and  of 
Seething  Wella^  Kingston. 

March  4*  At  Stnbbington-lodge,  near 
Portsmouth,  aged  82,  WUllora  Grant, 
eaq^  banker,  of  Portsmouth,  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace  aad  Deputy-^Lieutenant  for 
Hants. 

At  Westhill,  Freshwater,  K  W.  aged 
30|  Henry-Tbomaa,  fifth  son  of  R.  fl. 
Cfozier,  esq. 

March  7 .  Aged  GS^  Harry  NojeSf  esq. 
of  Thruxtoii. 

March  10.  At  Yarmontb,  L  W,  .iged 
7D,  Mrs*  Love,  relict  of  Capt.  Love,  11. N. 
and  mother  of  Capt.  U.  Ommanney 
Love,  R.N. 

Ubilts.— fV£.  12.  At  Ware,  aged  79i 
Misa  Ann  DickiaaoDt 

Ftb.  16.  Aged  SO,  Johti  Field,  esq. 
of  Chamber*  Bury. 

Fi;b,  '^'d.  At  Cheshunt,  aged  60,  Sarah, 
relict  or  Francis  Salgcld,  esq. 

At  Watford,  aged  80,  Dorothy,  relict 
of  Mr.  Robert  Houseman  Artnitstead,  of 
the  Victualling  OtKce,  Deptford. 

Aiarch  4.  At  St.  Albaa*s,  aged  8.1, 
Hannah,  widow  of  the  Rev.  John  Paylor 
Nicholson,  A.M.,  Rector  of  St.  Albania 
Abbey  Church. 

March  10.  At  Broxboume,  aged  87, 
Philip  Egertou  Ottey,  esq.  formerly  of 
the  Navy  Office,  and  a  magibtrate  for 
Middlesej^. 

Hereford. — Ftb.  8.  At  Brockhamp- 
ton  Park,  Laura,  wife  of  Pulwar  Craven, 
esq.  She  was  second  dan.  of  George  Van- 
sittart,  esq*  of  Biiham  Abbey,  for  many 
years  M.P.  for  Berks,  was*  married  in 
\%i\^3,  and  baa  left  issue  three  soqk  and 
one  daughter. 

Feh,  10.  At  Bodcnbum,  after  giving 
birth  to  a  son  aud  heir,  Henrietta,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Henry  Arkwrigbt,  Vicar  of 
Bodeaham. 

HuNTiNcooK. — F**,  10.  Aged  12, 
William -Andrew,  and,  aged  10,  Thomas, 
aecorid  and  third  sons  of  Thomas  Peter 
Fernie,eiq.  surgeon,  of  Kimbolton.  They 
were  both  drowited  whilst  skating  on  a 
fish-pond  in  the  Duke  of  Mancheater^s 
park. 

Feb.  14.  At  Great  Staughton,  aged  94, 
Samuel  Parker,  esq. 

Ftb*  S@t    At  Huntingdon,  Maria |  dati. 


of  the  late  Rev.  Mr*  Cranwcll,  Rector  of 
Abbott^B  Ripton. 

March  h.  At  Buckden,  aged  87,  Ann, 
widow  of  RadclyffL'  Sidcbottom,  esq, 
formerly  of  Sutton  Court  House,  near 
Chiswick,  Middlesex,  one  of  the  Benchers 
of  the  Middle  Temple. 

Kent. — Ftb,  5.  At  Canterbury,  Emily* 
Frances,  second  dan.  of  the  Rev.  George 
W^ftUace. 

Fib.  IK  At  Tunhridge  Wells,  aged 
92,  Jane,  relict  of  Mark  Morky,  esq.  of 
Doctors*  Commons,  and  sbter  to  George 
1st  Baron  Harris,  of  Serin gapataro. 

Kf&.  13.  At  Eocbester,  aged  96,  Eli- 
zabeth,  relict  of  Mujor  William  Conyers, 
R.M. 

Feb,  IC.  At  Milton  next  Gravesend, 
Bged  35,  James  Readj  esq.  of  the  Royal 
Marines. 

Feb.  17.  At  Chiddingstone,  Maria, 
wife  of  Henry  Strcatfeild,  esq. 

Feb.  18.  At  Chm-Iton,  Dover,  aged  44, 
Agnes,  widow  of  the  Rev.  C.  H.  B.  Baze- 
ley.  Rector  of  Southchurch,  Essex. 

FeA.  ^0.  Aged  83,  George  Chapman , 
esq.  of  the  Dane,  Margate. 

At  Sydenham,  Charlotte,  widow  of  Mr. 
Edward  Wicken,  of  Deptford. 

Feb.  22.  At  Charlton,  Mary,  wife  of 
Henry  Longlands,  esq. 

Feb.  24,  At  Shooter* a  Hill,  aged  84, 
Susanna. Richardson,  wife  of  Henry  Gur* 
ncy,  esq.  of  Woolwich  Common, 

Feb.  ^Ze.  At  Maidatone.  Frederick. 
Chas.-Blakeney,  son  of  Lieut.-Col.  Grif- 
fiths. 

Feb.  21).  At  Maidstone,  aged  82,  John 
Pout,  eaq.  for  nearly  half  a  century  an 
eminent  medical  practitioner  at  Yalding. 

Lately, — At  Tun  bridge  WeQb,  Ann, 
relict  of  Samuel  Shuts,  esq.  of  Pemhilli 
Isle  of  Wight. 

March  3.  At  Tunhridge  Wells,  aged 
51,  Mary- Hosier,  wife  of  Thomas  Walter 
Reeves,  esq. 

March  5.  At  Tunhridge  Wells,  aged 
66,  Jabcz  BeynoQj  esq.  late  of  Grace-' 
church*  St. 

March  6.  Aged  44,  Henry  Lowe, 
esq.  of  North  Cray. 

March  11.  At  Dover,  aged  63,  John 
Smith,  esq.  Barrister-at-Law.  He  was 
called  to  the  bar  at  the  Inner  Temple, 
Feb.  U.  1825. 

Lancastcii. — Jfln.  21.  At  Liverpool, 
Grace,  widow  of  Archibald  Brown,  e9q» 
of  Glasgow. 

Feb,  16'.  At  Wairington,  after  a  very 
abort  illDcss,  aged  53 »  Mr,  Joseph  Cros- 
field,  one  oi  the  leading  tnembers  of  the 
Society  of  Friends  in  that  town.  His 
remains  were  interred  in  the  cemetery 
adjoining  the  meeting- bouM  at  Warring* 
COD,  on  the  20tti  jnitaot, 


444 


MiDDLVSEX. — Jan.  18.  At  Gilford 
Lodge,  Twickenham  Green,  aged  89» 
Richard  Ancell,  esq. 

Jan,  21.  Aged  87,  Eliiabeth,  relict  of 
Jacob  Rooke,  esq.  of  Brentford  Butts. 

Feb.  10.  At  Grove  House,  Twicken- 
ham, aged  83,  Diana,  widow  of  Major 
Thomas  Harriott,  of  West  Hall,  Mortlake, 
Surrey. 

Feb.  11.  At  Isleworth,  aged  74,  MiBS 
Mercy  Drinkwater. 

Lately,  At  Hampton,  aged  7,  Gilbert* 
Hylton,  son  of  Sir  W.  G.  Hylton  Jolliffe, 
Bart. 

March  9.  At  Harrow  Weald,  Ann- 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  the  Rer.  E.  I.  Apple- 
yard,  and  only  dau.  of  the  late  George 
Jackson,  esq.  of  the  Chancery  Office,  and 
of  Bushey  Heath. 

Monmouth. — March  9.  At  Chepstow, 
aged  88,  Mary,  relict  of  Wm.  Spear,  esq. 
of  Monkton,  Dorset. 

March  10.  At  Frog  House,  near  Mon- 
mouth, Helen  Montagu,  third  dan.of  the 
late  Arthur  Wyatt,  esq. 

Norfolk. — Jan.  13.  At  Caister,  near 
Great  Yarmouth,  aged  31,  George,  eldest 
ion  of  George  Rising,  esq. 

Jan,  22.  At  Yarmouth,  aged  85,  Mrs. 
Peterson,  who  for  more  than  half  a  cen- 
tury was  engaged  in  the  instruction  of 
yonth. 

Feb.  11.  At  Swaffham,  aged  88,  John 
Dugmore,  esq. 

Feb,  13.  At  North  Walsham,  aged  72, 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  Thos.  Shepheard,  esq. 

Feb.  14.  AtThorpc-next-Norwich,  aged 
59,  Comm.  William  Hubbard,  R.N.  who 
was  on  board  Admiral  Collingwood*s  ship 
at  the  battle  of  Trafalgar.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  Commander  in  1838. 

Feb.  20.  At  Holt,  aged  68.  Mrs.  Proud- 
foot,  wife  of  J.  R.  Proudfoot,  esq.  late 
Capt.  and  Adjutant  of  the  Wrekin  Militia. 

Feb.  22.  At  the  residence  of  her  son, 
aged  i)G,  Anne,  widow  of  Charles  Kitson, 
esq.  Deputy  Registrar  of  the^  diocese  oif 
Norwich. 

Feb.  25.  Aged  4G,  Elizabeth,  wife  of 
Benjamin  Barnard,  esq.  of  Great  ElUng- 
ham  Hall. 

Feb.  26.  At  Cossey,  aged  07,  Marga- 
let  Gilbert,  wife  of  Richard  Mackenzie 
Bacon,  esq.  editor  of  the  "  Norwich  Mer- 
cury," and  mother  of  the  proprietor  of 
the  **  Sussex  Advertiser.** 

March  3.  At  Hingham,  aged  67,  John 
Bayfield  NettleNbip,  esq. 

Northampton.— ^ed.  20.  At  Pole- 
brook,  Diana,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Rer. 
Euseby  Isham,  Rector  of  Lamport. 

Feb.  27.  At  Northampton,  aged  34, 
Harriet,  only  aistcr  of  the  Rer.  Frederic 
Py»h,  of  Queen's  college,  Cambridge. 


Obituary.  [April, 

Lately.  At  MiltOB,  aged  eight  mofiitlis, 
the  Hon.  Margaret  Mary  Fits-William, 
youngest  child  of  Viscount  Milton« 

Notts. — Feb,  9.  Sophia-Franoet,  wife 
of  Thomas  Wright,  esq.  of  Upton  Hall, 
and  mother  of  the  present  Sir  Richard 
Sutton,  Bart.  She  waa  a  dan.  of  Charles 
Chaplin,  esq.  was  married  first  to  John 
Sntton,  esq.  who  died  in  1801,  and  se- 
condly in  1804  to  Mr.  Wright. 

March  1 0.  At Watnall,  aged  58 , Caroline^ 
wife  of  Lannoelot  RoUeston,  esq.  M.P. 
and  sister  to  Sir  Qeorge  Cbetwynd,  Bart. 
She  was  the  only  dau.  of  Sir  George  the 
first  Baronet,  by  Jane,  dan.  of  Richard 
Bantin,  of  Little  Faringdooi  esq.  and 
was  married  in  1808. 

Oxford. — Jan.  21.  At  Cane  End, 
aged  63,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  William  Van- 
derstegen,  esq. 

Lately.  Aged  74,  Mr.  Monday,  the 
well-known  bookseller  of  Oxford. 

Feb,  14.  At  Linden  House,  Heading- 
ton,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  William  Henry 
Butler,  esq. 

Feb.  27.  At  Banbnry,  aged  52,  Lyne 
Spurrett,  esq. 

SALOP.'-Fe^.  19.  At  Ludlow,  Allen 
J.  Nightingale,  esq.  Assistant  Ceoimis- 
sary-general. 

Somersetshire.— Dec.  27.  AtChel- 
wood,  aged  81,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Warner,  sis- 
ter of  the  Rer.  Richard  Warner,  Rector 
of  that  parish.  In  affection  for  her  rela- 
tives  and  friends,  in  good  will  to  all  man- 
kind, and  in  charity  to  the  poor  and 
afflicted,  to  the  utmost  of  her  ability,  the 
character  of  this  excellent  woman  shone 
conspicuous. 

Feb.  8.  At  West  Quantozhead,  aged 
69,  Lucy,  relict  of  the  Rev.  A.  Fownes 
Luttrell,  Rector  of  East  Quantoxhead, 
and  Vicar  of  Minehead. 

Feb.  10.  At  Bath,  Catharine,  relict  of 
James  Gladell  Vernon,  esq.  of  Hereford-st. 
and  Great  Marlow,  Bucks. 

Feb,\\.  At  Bath,  aged  71,  Ann,  relict 
of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Stuckey,  of  Wootton 
Bassett. 

At  Bath,  George  Edmund  Hay,  esq. 

Feb,  15.  At  Bath,  Lieut.. Col.  Charles 
Henry  Balnes,  of  the  East  India  Co.'s 
Service. 

Feb.  19.  At  Pitminster-lodge,  near 
Taunton,  Marianne  Grant,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  James  Elliott,  M.A.  and  youngest 
daughter  of  the  late  John  Calvert  Clarke, 
esq. 

At  Hinton  St.  George,  Elizabeth,  re- 
lict of  Thos.  Mott,  esq.  and  eldest  dan. 
of  the  late  Thomas  Bateman,  esq,  M.D. 
of  Yarmouth. 

Feb.  ':i.  At  Bishop's  Hull,  near  Taun- 
ton, Sarah,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Everard. 


1844.] 


Obituaby. 


445 


Feb,  24.  At  StuplegroTe,  netr  Tftoa* 
ton,  aged  69»  Mn.  Fowler,  relict  of  Chu. 
Fowler*  esq. 

March  2.  At  Hinton  St.  George,  near 
Crewkeme,  aged  77,  Mr.  John  Jamea. 
He  was  for  upwards  of  60  jeart  in  the 
service  of  the  late  and  present  Earl 
Poalett,  and  during  the  last  S4  years  the 
home  steward. 

March  3.  At  Bath,  aged  83,  Eliiabeth, 
relict  of  Edward  Eari,  esq. 

March  b.  Aged  74,  Edward  Frere, 
esq.  of  Bitton  rectorr,  near  Bath. 

At  Bath,  the  residence  of  her  son,  G. 
B.  Clapcott,  esq.  aged  BO,  Elizabeth, 
relict  of  John  Clapeott,  esq.  of  Keinstoa, 
Dorset. 

March  10.  At  North  Perrott  paiion- 
age,  aged  51,  Mary,  wife  of  the  Rer. 
Henry  Hoskins,  and  dan.  of  the  late  Rev. 
William  PheUps,  of  Montaeute. 

Staftord.— Fe6. 12.  At  Stone  Houae, 
near  Rugely,  aged  67*  Mary,  dan.  of  the 
late  Thomas  Hill,  esq.  of  Dennis,  near 
Stourbridge. 

Lately,  Aged  70,  J.  Best,  esq.  Row- 
ley  HaU. 

Suffolk.— F«^.  28.  At  the  resMenoe 
of  her  son,  Naughton  rectory,  Catharine, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  J.  B.  Wright,  Ute  of 
Tuddenham,  near  Ipawioh. 

Feb.  99.  At  Sudbury,  Mrs.  JonM, 
wife  of  William  Brazier  Jones,  esq.  and 
only  sister  to  William  Wright,  esq.  of 
Eyston  Hall,  Beiehamp  Walter,  Essex. 

Laicip,  Aged  82,  Jemima,  wife  of  the 
late  Charles  Lamprell,  e#q.  of  Little 
Bradley. 

March  3,  Aged  53,  George  Kilner, 
esq.  of  Ipswich. 

March  10.  At  the  residence  of  her 
father  the  Rev.  Edward  Jermyn,  Carlton 
rectory,  near  Lowestoft,  Sarah  Theophila, 
wife  of  the  Rey.  John  A.  Ashley,  of  Wood- 
hall,  Hilgay,  Norfolk. 

SuRRBT.— /(SM.  6.  Elizabeth,  wife  of 
Laurence  Redhead,  esq.  one  of  the  jus- 
tices of  the  peace  for  Surrey. 

Feb,  12.  At  Surbiton  Hill,  near  King. 
ston,  aged  55,  Lieut.  Francis  Brodie,  R.N. 

Feb,  14.  At  Streatham,  aged  25,  Wil- 
liam  Thomas  Hutchins,  B.A.  of  Woroea- 
ter  college,  Oxford,  and  Vinerian  Law 
Scholar,  eldest  son  of  William  Hutchins, 
esq.  of  Hanover-square. 

Feb,  15.  At  Carshalton,  aged  78,  Har- 
but  Ward,  esq. 

At  Shalford,  near  Guildford,  aged  76, 
Charles  de  St.  Lea,  esq. 

At  Herron  Court,  Richmond,  aged  40, 
G.  C.  Holford,  esq.  youngest  son  of  tiie 
late  T.  T.  Holford,  esq.  of  York-pl.  Baker- 
St.  and  Kilgwyn,  Landovery,  South  Walea. 

Feb,  26.  At  Carshalton,  aged  22,  Lieut. 
John  LiddfU  Aitkes,  3d  Bmbvf  mt. 


eldest  ton  of  the  lata  J.  Aitken,  efq. 
E.  L  C.  Co's.  service. 

Suaasx. — Feb,  11.  At  Brighton,  aged 
8,  MaryoCharlotte,  second  dau.  of  the 
late  Rev.  Robert  Anderson. 

Feb,  18.  At  Brickwall,  Anne,  wife  of 
Thomas  Frewen,  esq.  of  Brickwall  House, 
Northiam,  Sussex,  and  of  Cold  Overtoil 
Hall,  Leic.  last  surviving  dau.  of  Wm. 
Wilson  Cams  Wilson,  esq.  of  Casterton 
Hall,  Westmoreland. 

Feb.  24.  At  Brighton,  aged  35,  Qeoigt 
Thomas  Spalding,  esq. 

Lately,  At  Brighton,  aged  70,  the 
widow  of  John  Trotter,  esq. 

At  Hastings,  Emma  Kemp,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Kyrle  Ernie  Aubrey  Money,  late 
curate  of  Weobley,  Herefordshire. 

March  1.  At  Brighton,  aged  65,  Tho- 
mas Chapman,  esq.  late  of  Wandsworth. 

March  3.  At  Newick,  aged  32,  Tho- 
mas Baden  FDwell,  esq.  eldest  son  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Baden  Powell. 

March  4,  Aged  42,  John  Binns  Wood, 
esq.  of  Brighton. 

Warwick. — Jan,  30.  At  Lapworth, 
aged  83,  Mr.  John  Mortiboys.  He  was 
Master  of  the  Free  School  of  that  place 
about  60  years. 

Feb,  12.  At  Southam,  aged  78,  Wm. 
LUley  Smith,  esq. 

Feb,  17.  At  Henley-in«Arden,  Mary, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Poyntz  Stewart  Ward. 

Fib,  93.  Aged  37,  Thomas  Hardcastle, 
esq.  of  Warwick. 

At  Leamington,  aged  73,  Charlotte^ 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Warde. 

WoRCBSTXR.— J<m.  7.  At  Worcester, 
Robert  Haliburton,  esq.  only  surriviog 
son  of  the  late  Gen.  Haliburton,  Madras 
establishment. 

Wilts.— 1^6.  16.  At  Devizes,  aged 
85,  Miss  Christian  Mortimer. 

March!,  At Manningford,  Mary-Do- 
rothea, eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Francis  B. 
Astley,  and  niece  to  the  late  Sir  John 
Astley,  Bart.  This  gentle  being  was  ex* 
oellent  in  every  relation  of  life  :  her  reli- 
gion was  undefiled,  her  charity  unbound- 
ed, and  her  brief  existence  spent  in  works 
of  utility  and  goodness. 

March  19.  At  Quemerford,  near  Calne, 
aged  86,  Mary,  widow  of  Mr.  Shiter  Beale. 

York. — Feb,  14.  At  Masham,  aged  88, 
Roger  Bolland,  esq. 

Feb,  16.  At  Leeds,  Mellena,  wife  of 
George  Wibon,  M.D. 

Feb.  18.  At  Scarborough,  the  wife  of 
William  Harland,  M.D. 

Feb,  20.  Jane,  second  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
John  Shackley,  Vicar  of  Osbaldwick. 

Feb.  25.  Aged  80,  Mr.  James  Priest- 
ley, cloth  manufacturer,  Birstal.  He  was 
nephew  of  the  late  Dr.  Priestley ;  but,  m 
pr^of  thit  h«  hud  not  to  experioiioo  tiie 


Me 


Obituary. 


[April, 


some  ainount  of  Tidssitude  u  his  cele* 
br«tf  d  uncle,  he  was  born,  baptized,  and 
died  in  the  sAme  room.  He  has  left  be* 
hind  him  a  brother,  in  his  d5th  year»  and 
A  mater  id  her  83rd. 

Walks.— Jo«.  12.  At  Aston  Hal[» 
Hawarden,  ai^ed  3,  Sophia -Harriet-Rigbyf 
riitb  dau,  of  Capt.  T.  E-  Cole,  R.N. 

Feb.  17.  At  Plasgwynant,  co.  Carnar- 
Ton,  a^d  7?,  Daniel  Vawdrey,  esq. 

March  5.  At  Ruthin,  John  IloberU, 
ttq*  solicitor. 

March  12.  At  Tynewydd,  near  LIaq- 
dilo,  aged  108,  Ruth  Evanfl,  She  re- 
tained all  her  faculties  to  the  k§t,  and 
hardly  ever  Huifered  a  day*B  illness*  She 
had  one  daughter,  twelve  grand- ebildren* 
thirty 'eight  great  grand-children,  and  ten 
great-great- grand' children r  all  now  Uvingt 
with  the  exceptioQ  of  her  daughter,  who 
died  a  month  ago,  aged  89. 

Scotland.— -/on,  6.  At  Perth,  James 
Hosack,  M.D.  late  Siirg^eon  to  her  Ma- 
jesty ^s  Forces, 

Jan.  13.  At  Springrale,  near  Glasgow, 
Mr.  John  Johnston,  Re^tident  £ng.  on  the 
Edinburgh  and  Glasgow  Railway. 

Jan,  17.  AtGourock  House,  Renfrew- 
abire,  aged  70,  Margaret,  relict  of  Charles 
Steuart  Parker,  esq.  of  Fairlie. 

Ftb.  7.  At  fiaraasie  Bank,  near  Troon, 
Matthew  Strang,  esq.  Merchant,  Provost 
of  KilmarDock. 

Fib.  21.  At  Holland  Lodge,  Newing- 
toOi  Edinburgh,  aged  49,  George  Glen, 
Ciq.  late  of  Brompton-row. 

Feb.  13.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  76,  Mias 
Charlotte  Ogilry,  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  John 
Ogih-y,  Bart,  of  Inuerquharity^. 

litKLAND.— /an.  24.  At  Satntfield 
Lodge,  Down,  Anna- Eliza,  wife  of  Wil- 
liam Blackwood,  c»q.  and  only  surming 
dau.  of  the  Rev.  W.  Jex  Blake,  of  Lamas, 
Norfolk. 

Feb.  4.  At  Limerick,  the  Hon.  Mrs, 
Masn^,  relict  of  the  Hon.  G.  E.  Massy, 
of  Rifersdale.  She  was  Elizabeth,  dau. 
of  Michael  Scanlan,  esc].  of  BnAsiaaiie, 
CO.  Limerick;  was  married  in  1791.  ftud 
lef^  a  widow  in  Jan.  184?,  having  had  issue 
the  present  Hugh  Massy,  esq.  Lieut.  John 
Manr,  4Bth  Foot,  and  three  daughters. 

Fti.  5.  John  Richards  lUtchell,  esq. 
B«rri4ter*at-Law,«ndon  the  l8tb,Susan, 
only  son  and  eldest  dan.  of  George 
H«t«bell,  esq.  of  the  Priory,  Rathfarn- 
llHni  00-  Dnblio,  and  grand- children  of 
the  ltt«  Right  Hon*  John  Phtlri>>i  C  nrTi... 

F^b.  12.     At   Dnbiin,  Eli 
only  dau.  of  the  late  Hon.  v 

J  ebb. 

F^b.  90.  At  Carrichmacrosa.  Dr.  Ker- 
aao,  for  S6  yeart  Rooiati  CalboUo  Bishop 
ofClogfaer. 

#VA.  29.   At  D«bUOp  Sehitti«Bft*Eloia. 


Aliaga,  wife  of  P.  W.  Kelly,  cjiq.  her 
Majesty's  Consul  for  Carthagtna  dc  Co- 
lombia, second  dau.  of  the  late  Marquis 
of  Suzeo  and  Condes,  of  Lurigaucho. 

Feb.  29.  At  Cork,  aged  IT,  Miss  Anna 
Delacour,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Treasurer  of 
the  County.  Her  death  was  eaosed  by 
hydrophobia,  from  the  bite  of  a  pet  dog. 

Lafelsf,  At  Coleraine,  Tipperary,  aged 
0!>,  Thomas  Price,  esq.  of  Arduiay, 

March  1.  At  Frescati,  near  Dublin, 
aged  SO,  Jemima,  wife  of  John  PLunkett, 
esq.  of  that  city,  and  youngest  dau.  of 
Richard  Steele,  esq.  of  H  iinter-»t.  London, 

March  8.  At  Carnaville,  co,  Meath, 
aged  113,  Mrs.  M'Mabon. 

March,  20.  Aged  about  40,  the  wtlft 
of  John  Tuthill,  esq.  of  Rapha^  near 
Nenagh,  and  sister  to  the  Hon.  Judge 
Jackson.  She  accidentally  fell  from  a 
window,  whilst  poshing  out  some  French 
blinds. 

Jersky.— Dec.  27.  At  Sr,  Hclier's, 
aged  37*  William  Henry  Stiell,  esq.  son 
of  the  late  Wm.  Stiell,  esq.  of  Home 
Park,  Hampton  Court. 

GuEKNi^EY. — Feb,  35.  At  Guamsey, 
aged  81,  Thomas  PriauU,  esq. 

March  3.  At  Clifton,  aged  71,  C&* 
tharine,  relict  of  Anthony  Priaul^,  ci<\* 

East  Iti^pies. — Not.  6.  At  Bombay, 
aged  25,  Elizabeth^Mary,  wife  of  Capt. 
C.  H.  Burt,  64th  Bengal  Nat.  Inf.  eldeat 
and  only  snrdring  dau.  of  G.  Williams, 
esq.  of  Portland-terr.  Regent's  Park. 

Nov,  29.  At  Trichinopoly,  aged  1^, 
Wm.  Edwards  Pascoe,  esq.  12tb  R«gt. 
M.N.I,  youngest  son  of  the  late  James 
Pftscoe,  esq.  of  Penzance,  and  of  Kingg> 
bridge,  Devon. 

Dec,  24.  At  Bhooj,  in  Cntch,  Capt. 
John  Daviea,  of  the  Bombay  Army,  fourth 
son  of  the  late  Solomon  Davies,  eaq.  of 
Epsom. 

Dec.  29.  Killed  in  action  before  Gwa- 
lior,  aged  23,  Lieut.  Charles  Ncwtno, 
16  th  Bengal  Grenadiers,  son  of  John  New* 
ton,  esq.  of  Tnnbridgc  WelU,  formerly 
of  Sunth  Lambeth. 

At  Mabar^jpoor,  aged 21,  Lieut.  Henry 
Stanger  Leathes,  Snd  ion  of  Thomia 
Leathes  Stanger  Lettliot,  «iq,  ol  SUmIl* 
well-pi.  and  of  Dalebcad  0tU>  CumJier^ 
land. 

Jan,  1.  At  Camp  Danuila,  M^or  George 
Russell  Crommelin,  C.B.  1st.  Native  Inf. 
from  a  gun-shot  wound  received  when 
heading  his  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Ma^ 
haraj{>oor,  on  the  29tb  Dec. 

Jan.  19*  At  Octacamund,  aged  54* 
Ui'len  Isabella,  wife  of  Hugh  Cheape, 
esq.  M.D.  Madras  Medical  Serrice^  end 
second  dau.  of  Capt.  W.  G.  Burn,  for* 
mrrly  of  Eseter. 

Lat*i^»  Ax  NeaiDporei  Bengal,  Egbert 


1844.] 


Obituary. 


447 


James,  younger  son  of  Richard  Fisher, 
esq.  of  Hamilton- terr.  St.  John's 
Wood. 

Abroad. — July  21.  At  Adelaide, 
South  Australia,  aged  49,  N.  P.  Leyi, 
esq.  late  of  Balbam-hill,  Surrey. 

Sept,  13.  At  Sydney,  New  South 
Wales,  aged  24,  Timothy,  son  of  Chas. 
Curtis,  esq.  of  Solihull,  Warwickshire. 
He  was  drowned  by  the  upsetting  of  a 
boat  in  Sydney  harbour. 

Oct.  5.  At  Australind,  Western  Aus- 
tralia, aged  19,  Robert  Gordon  Bemey, 
son  of  William  Hamilton,  esq.  her  Ma- 
jesty's Consul,  Boulogne-sur-Mer. 

Dec,   ..     At  St.   Helena,  Lieut.-Col. 


John  Alexander  Weight,  late  Command- 
ant  of  the  St.  Helena  Reg.  East  India 
Co.*8  Service. 

Dec,  10.  At  St.  Petersburgh,  aged  77, 
George  Sherriff,  esq.  late  of  Daldersee, 
Falkirk. 

Jan,  9.  At  Rome,  aged  18,  Harvey 
Ferguson,  eldest  surviving  son  of  John 
Montgomery,  esq.  of  Benvarden,  co.  An- 
trim. 

Jan,  11.  At  Mannheim,  in  Germany, 
aged  71,  Capt.  Wm.  Payne,  formerly  of 
Nutwell,  near  Lympstone. 

Jan,  15.  At  Obeonzeun,  near  Ansbach, 
aged  33,  Charles  Henry  von  Lang,  M.D. 
eldest  son  of  Dr.  Lang,  of  Newman- st. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

(Including  the  District  of  Wandsworth  and  Clapham.)     ] 
From  the  Returns  issued  by  the  Registrar  General, 
Deaths  Registered  from  Feb.  24  to  March  16,  ISU,  (4  weeks.) 

Under  13 1750- 

15  to  60 U15I 

60  and  upwards       1020  i 
Age  not  specified 


Males 
Females 


^^•^Ul89 


4189 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  March  16. 

Wheat. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

Peas. 

t,    d. 

i.    d. 

i,    d. 

*.     d. 

t.     d. 

*.    d. 

56    3 

33    3 

20    1 

33    7 

30    7 

31     1 

PRICE  OF  HOPS,  Feb.  23. 

Sussex  Pockets,  6/.  Qs,  to  6/.  12«.^Kent  Pockets,  Ql,  3s,  to  8/.  \0s. 

PRICE   OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,   March  22. 

Hay,  21.  \bs.  to  3/.  16f Straw,  \L  Zs,  to  M,  10«.— Clover,  3/.  5«.  to  5/.  Qs. 

SMITHFIELD,  March  22.    To  sink  the  Offal—per  stone  of  81bs. 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  March  22. 

Beasts. 624      C4ilves    138 

SheepandLambs   3200      Pigs      320 


Beef 2*. 

Mutton 2*. 

Veal 35, 

Pork 2*. 


\d.  to  3f.  \0d. 
%d,  to  4r.    6<f. 
8^.  to  As,  \Qd, 
Sd,  to  4i,    4J. 
COAL  MARKET,  March  22. 
Walls  Ends,  from  \os.  Od.  to  2U.  Od,  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  13f.  9d,  to  17/.  6d. 
TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  43*.  6rf.      Yellow  Russia,  42t.  6d. 
CANDLES,  7s,  Od.  per  doz.    Moulds,  9s.6d. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  Brothers,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 
23,  Change  Alley,  Cornhill. 

Birmingham  Canal,  171. Ellcsmere  and   Chester,  65. Grand  Junction,  156. 

Keiinot  and  Avon,   9^. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  650.  Regent':*,  24J. 

-  Rochdale,  62. London  Dock  Stock,  108. St.  Katharine's,  1 124. Kast 

and    West    India,  138.  London    and   Birmingham    Railway,  236. Great 

Western,  .'36^  prem. London  and  Southwestern,  82^. Grand  Junction  Water- 
Works,  85. West  Middlesex,  J21. Globe  Insurance,   140. Guardian, 

48. Hope,  8. Chartered  Gas,  66. Imperial  Gas,  86. Phoenix  Gas,  35J. 

London  and  Westminster  Bank,  25.— Reversionary  Interest,  105. 

For  Prices  of  all  other  Shares ,  enquire  as  above. 


448 

METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  W.CARY,  Strand. 
F\romRb.  26,  to  itarth  25,  1644,  ioM  inclutivt. 


Fklireiilieif^  Therm 

m 

Fahrenheit's  Therm. 

^ 

ii     a 

3^||1|  ^ 

1^;  e 

i  — 

|l    1 

W^enther. 

3  s 

II'   § 

PN 

1 

r    Weither, 

Feb.J    "^ 

« 

"  jti.pu. 

"  1  « 

o 

b.  pts. 

\ 

W 

40 

53 

S3 

m,22 

beH.Eb.fa.cL 

la 

39  1  47 

37 

.51 

rr.r.wkfabs.t. 

S7 

^ 

45 

^5 

,44    fdrpdoudy 

13 

40     45 

37 

,93 

do.Rn.withr. 

28 

40 

46 

41 

f9,  56    do.  do.  rain 

14 

41      45 

43 

,B6 

doudv.  rain 

S9 

40 

49 

4e 

,  61  |do.da.sUm. 

15 

45     50     45 

,4dl,nun,  fidr 

HJ. 

45 

55 

4d 

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J.  B,  mcuoLM  AMD  towi  VBummi,  $^^  "tkXkAMMxn^igttxKt^ 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

MAY,  1844. 
Bv  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


CONTENTS. 

MiNOn  Correspond KKCX — Lady  Mary  Coke, — Diapatchei  and  Lettere  of 
Lord  NeboD.— Cbarlei  Lloyd. — The  Veraons  of  Sudbtiry. — Hansard'i  P»r- 
liameotary  Debate*. — Seal  of  Neatb  Abbey.  .»...♦,..,••. 450 

MKMOtftS  AND  CORRKSI'ONDEXCE  OF  MrS.  GrANT  OF  LaOOAN.  .  ...•..,.,,       451 

On  the  Developement  of  the  Anglo^  Saion  Ealdordoni  „ , , , ,      473 

TEe  Early  Editions  of  **  The  Pilgrim's  Progress  " 482 

On  the  Preservotioii  of  Ancient  7^1  otmments. — Corniish  Antiquitiei. 483 

The  Mpinoirs  of  Foucb<?* — Proouticiatton  of  Bordeaux. — Ortho|ip^pby  of  Places. 
—The  Work*  of  Erasnius. — J.  L.  Stunica, — Epiatoltt  Obscuronitn  Viro* 
riini. — Phil]|)  Yon  Hutten. — Anecdote  of  Scrircrim  and  theimprisonroeatof 

Bamveldt  and  Grotiu.i  » ,  • , 490 

On  Pat^metiU  of  Figured  Ttlea,  particularly  those  at  Great  Malvern   (with  a 

Plate) 49S 

The  Effigy  of  Edward  son  of  Sir  Hugh  Courteoay  at  Haccombe,  co.  Defon, . , .     496 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

HifQtefs  New  Illustrations  of  the  Life*  &c.  of  Shakespcarej  497;  Grcsley's 
Anglo-Catholieismt  503  ;  Paget*?  Sermons  on  the  Duties  of  Daily  Life,  5tM  ; 
De  Vere's  Search  after  Proserpinet  505  ;  Mrs,  Yates's  Antumn  in  SwtCzer- 
landf  507  ;  MisccUaneons  Re?iews. ,.... ,«., ,      SOB 

LITERARY    AND  SCIENTIFIC   INTELLIGENCE. 

New  Publications,  511  j  University  of  Dublin — Uiuversity  of  DnrhAm,  515; 
Astley  Cooper  Prize  , , ♦ 516 

ARCHITECTURE.— Consecration  of  St.  John's  Churchy  East  Chiilcliorst, 

516  ;  New  Churches., 517 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES.— Society  of  Antiquaries,  518;  British  Ar- 
chaeotogical  Association,  521  ;  Cambridge  .Antiquarian  Society,  5?3 ;  Nu- 
mismatic Society,  52*1 ;  Roman  Aotiqnitiefl  near  Cambridge,  i^. ;  Tlie 
Porcelain  Tower  at  Nanking,  525  ;  Pomander  of  Mary  Queea  of  Scots,  &c.     525 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE.— Foreign  News,  527;  Domestic  Occurrences. «     5?7 
Promotions  and  Prcfemients,  5i28 ;  Births  and  Marriages  , , 5S9 

OBITUARY  ;  with  Memoirs  of  The  Eariof  Lonsdale  j  Lord  William  HiU;  Don 
AugUBtin  Arguelles ;  Sir  Henry  Halford;  Lieut. -Gen.  Sir  G.  H,  B.  Way; 
Vicc-Adm.  Dickson;  Major-Gen- Nedharo  ;  Major-Gen,  Goodman  ;  Major- 
Gen.  Ileriot  ^  Robert  Batefoo,  Esq.;  Robert  Philips,  Esq.;  Jeremiili 
Hsrman,  Esq. ;  Francis  Hobleri  Esq.;  Miss  Sarah  Martin;  TfaorTaldjwn ; 
Rev,  James  Carlos  ;  George  Lackington,  Esq ,  53S — 549 

Clergy  Dkcbaskd , 549 

Dkatus,  arranged  in  Counties »,. , .•     551 

Registrar-General's  Returns  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis — Markets  ^Prices 

of  Shares,  559  ;   Meteorological  Diary— Stocks  ,...,.. 560 

Embellished  with  two  Plates  of  the  Figured  Tiles  in  Grkat  Malyckn  Church, 
W^orccstershire. 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


Mr,  Lsonabld  Cqks  requesU  a  further 
•ccmiDt  of  Lady  Mary  Coke  to  whom 
Horace  WftJpole  dedicated  in  a  few  verse* 
Ihe  frerond  edittOQ  of  the  Cattle  of  Otranto. 
She  was  the  younffeBt  danghter  of  John 
the  greit  Duke  of  krgjle  and  Greenwich, 
who  commanded  at  the  battle  of  Sberriff^ 
muir^  was  celebrated  by  Pope,  and  the 
patron  of  JeaBte  Deans.  She  married  ia 
spriui^  1747»  Lord  Coke,  eldest  son  of  the 
Earl  of  Leicester,  nod  Horace  Walpole  in 
a  letter  to  Sir  Horace  M&od  of  the  12Ch 
of  Jaatiary,  17 48,  mentions  hii  ilJ-trent- 
meot  of  ber.  Subtequentlj,  on  the  17Cb 
Nov.  1749*  it  appears  «he  a  wo  re  the  peace 
againit  him.  lie  died  in  176:2  without  sue- 
ceediog  to  the  title  of  Earl.  She  is  be- 
lieved to  have  sanriTed  the  centenary  &n- 
niTersary  of  her  father* s  great  victory,  and 
to  have  died  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Cbelacft  about  1820;  but  particulari  of 
th«  list  half  ceotnry  of  her  career  are 
wanting,  and  onr  correspondent  has  been 
unnble  to  trace  her  death. 

Sill  HARai**  NrcoLAja  having  m- 
Dounced  his  intention  of  publishing  **  the 
Despatches  and  Letters  of  Lord  Nelion/' 
he  will  feel  much  obliged  for  authentic 
copies  of  any  letters  or  other  papers  written 
by  the  great  naval  hero ;  or  by  being  in- 
formed in  whose  poisession  any  8Ueh  do" 
cuments  may  happen  to  be. 

The  British  and  Foreign  Revieir,  XVII. 
232,  corrects  an  error  into  which  th« 
QuArterly  Review,  LXXHL  iQ,  4:4.  baa 
fallea  regarding  Mr.  Lloyd,  mentioned  in 
tbe  Life  of  Wm.  Taylor  of  Norwich,  1. 
«t7.  From  Tsylor^s  Life,  I.  'JT-I.  Charles 
Lloyd  is  evidently  meant,  the  author  <>f 
**  Lines  on  the  Past,"  and  a  **  Letter 
to  the  Aotijacobin  ;*'  but  DriL  uid  For. 
fUYiew,  XVIL    23^t    a<)«i  ^  »ote   in 


Lord  Byron's  Works,  %^1L  277,  make  bim 
the  translator  of  '*  Allieri^s  Tragedies,*' 
which  would  appear  directly  at  variance 
with  the  account  given  in  the  second  toL 
of  Wfttt's  Uih1tothec4  Britannica,  under 
"  Charles  Lloyd/*  Watt  makes  the 
author  of  **  Lines  on  the  Fast,**  **  Letter 
to  Autijscobiu,*'  &c.  &c.a  totally  distiikct 
periou  (though  both  of  the  same  nUD«) 
from  the  *'  translator  of  Alfieri's  Tra- 
gedies.'* Eitbcr  a  reference  to  some  work , 
or  a  short  account  of  Mr.  Charles  Lloyd, 
would  oblige  L.  L.  H* 

A  Genealogist  inquires  where  he  can 
meet  with  a  peiligree  or  acoouot  of  the 
branch  of  the  Vernon s  of  Sudbury^  le* 
presented  by  the  late  eminent  antiquary, 
the  Rev.  Pr.  Edward  Vernon,  the  R«eU»r 
of  St.  George's,  Bloomsbury. 

With  reference  to  the  passage  to  oar 
memoir  of  the  lata  Mr.  John  Wright, 
(p.  437,)  respectiag  Cobbett's  Par- 
liamentary  Debates,  where  it  is  ttated 
that  "  the  work  merged  into  HaoMffd'a 
Parliamentary  Debates^  of  which  Mr. 
Wright  became  the  editor,  and  had  some 
shares  in  the  work,"  Mr.  T.  C,  Hak- 
SARD,  consider! og  that  it  is  calculated  to 
convey  an  imnreasion  that  the  publkatloii 
is  a  joint  stocK  coucem,  sayi,  '•  It  is  very 
true  that  at  an  enrly  period  there  were 
several  partners  in  the  work,  aod  amon^ 
them  Mr.  Wright  t  but  it  has  be«o  for  a 
very  long  period  my  exdusife  profMrty/  * 
Mr,  Ct.  G,  FaANCift  tnquirea  for  an 
imprcstiou  of  Ihe  Seal  of  Neatb  Abbey. 

Errata,— Page  1S9  2nd  eol.  I,  19,  far  ih§ 
»ord  afterwards,  remd  Ikther  of  {Lord  Abtfw 
cromby).  V.  Ml,  1.  tl,  f»r  sugiiestl  f««rf  mgw 
geCtl ;  tod  column,  1.  1$.  Ibr  OtrnmOk  rt«4 
Btttawoik  P.  €44.  1.  it  muB  Ibot,  ^  Beale 
rt^  Usala. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S   MAGAZINE. 


Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  iWry.  Orant  of  La^gan,    Edited  by  her 

Son.   3  voh* 

AMONG  tlic  papers  found  at  tlie  deatli  of  Mrs.  Grant  of  Laggan  in 
J  838  wm  a  brief  sketch  of  the  earlier  part  of  ber  life,  whicli  she  began  to 
write  in  1825.  It  contained  a  ^-lew  ofthtj  principal  incidents  of  it  from 
her  birth  ill  1755  to  1806,  when  it  terminated.  The  present  volumes 
contain  lier  correspondence  from  1803  to  1838,  during  the  greater  part  t»f 
which  time  she  resided  at  Edinburgh.  In  1816  she  became  knov^n  to  the 
pobltc  as  the  author  of  the  Letters  from  the  MonntainB.  Her  infancy  waa 
paaaf^d  in  America*  In  1768  &lie  returned  with  her  parents  to  Scotland. 
In  1779i  being  then  Miss  Macvicar,  she  married  a  yonng  clergyman  named 
Grant,  a  name  a  ht  tie  more  brief  and  en  pb  on  ions  than  her  own.  He  died 
in  1801  of  decline,  leaving  ber  with  a  family  of  eight  children.  Of  these, 
howeveri  m  they  grew  np,  many  a  beautiful  Aower  was  cut  ofTand  destroyed 
by  the  same  fatal  disease  which  bad  deprived  her  of  a  hnsbawd.  Her 
eldest  son,  a  promising  young  soldier,  died  in  India  ;  the  last  of  her  daugh- 
ters was  lost  toiler  in  1827^  Mrs.  Grant,  for  the  last  twelve  years  of  her 
life,  received  a  pension  of  100/,  a  year  from  George  the  Fourth  j  and  Sir 
William  Grant,  the  Master  of  the  KoMs,  left  her  by  will  an  annuity  of  the 
same  amount.  She  died  Nov.  1838  in  her  84th  year.  Herpi'rson  is  thna. 
described  by  one  wlio  visited  her  in  1829.  "  I  have  seen  Mrs,  Grant  of 
Laggan.  She  is  a  venerable  ruin.  She  is  so  lame  as  io  be  obliged  to 
walk  with  crutches^  and  even  with  their  assistance  her  motions  are  slow 
and  languid*  Still  she  is  not  only  lesigned  but  cheerful  j  her  confidence 
in  divine  goodneijs  has  never  failerK  1  think  I  shall  never  forget  that 
venerable  countenance,  so  marked  by  suffering,  yet  so  tranquil^  so  in* 
dicative  at  once  both  of  goodness  and  greatness  j  the  bro.id  and  noble 
forehead  above  all,  relieved  by  the  parted  grey  hair,  exceeds  in  interest 
any  feature  of  youthful  heanty  which  it  has  yet  been  my  fortune  to  tjehold* 
Her  conversation  is  original  and  characteristi<%  frank  yet  far  from  rude, 
replete  at  once  with  amusement  and  instruction.  She  frequently  among 
friends  claims  the  privilege  of  age  to  speak  what  she  calls  truth  ;  what 
every  one,  indeed,  must  ucknowiedge  te  be  such  in  its  wisest  and  most 
attractive  form,'*  &c  Mrs*  Grant's  Letters  from  the  Mountains  contain 
her  correspondence  with  ber  friends  from  1773  to  1804,  which  is  con- 
tinned  in  tlie  present  volnmes^  so  that  united  they  form  an  autobiography 
both  full  and  authentic.  All  subjects  considered  interesting  to  the  writer 
or  her  friends  are  treated  of  as  they  arise,  and  the  more  important  eveuta 
of  her  life,  and  the  circumstances  of  the  times,  and  anecdotes  of  her 
acquaintances,  and  anxieties  regarding  her  children,  are  mixed  up  with  the 
common  incidents  and  ordinary  topics  of  the  day.  If  the  present  writer 
does  not  possess  the  charms  of  Madam  Sevignc's  style  and  expression,  she 
excels  her  in  the  change  and  variety  of  her  subject,  and  she  possesses  the 
aame  warmth  of  feeling  without  the  per|>ctual  and  too  elaborate  profession  of 
it .  To  her  personal  friends  these  volumes  must  offer  most  grateful  recol- 
lections of  past   friendship  3   to  the  public  they  preseui  a  portrait  of  the 


452  Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  [May, 

author  by  ber  own  bands,  and  with  the  colours  fresh  from  the  ))allet.  All 
the  domestic  scenes  and  home  sketches  are  drawn  with  tenderness  and 
afiection  3  and  she  paints  the  manners  of  social  life  and  the  passing  events 
of  the  day  with  great  delicacy  of  judgment  and  strength  of  colouring, 
while  ber  opinions  of  others  are  regulated  by  generosity  of  temper  and 
feeling.  They  are  the  letters  of  a  welUbred  gentlewoman,  as  well  as  of  a 
sensible  observer  and  accomplished  writer.  While  she  was  satisfied  and 
pleased  with  a  retired  and  contemplative  life,  she  also  enjoyed  the  delight 
of  a  polished  and  intellectual  society. 

In  describing  those  she  admired  or  loved,  her  warmth  of  friendship  has 
jnst  tinted  the  likeness  with  that  colouring  that  makes  it  more  pleasing 
without  detracting  from  its  truth.  These  letters  will  show  that  the  writer 
poyessed  both  strength  of  understanding  and  justness  and  delicacy  of 
taste,  while  it  will  also  be  observed  that  the  bereavements  she  experienced 
in  many  ways,  though  borne  with  fortitude  and  resignation,  gave  additional 
seriousness  to  her  views,  and  a  peculiar  tenderness  to  her  expression.  It 
is  an  old  observation  that  women  excel  in  letter-writing,*  and  that  their 
ideas  and  observations  are  given  with  a  natural  ease  of  expression  and 
elegant  familiarity  of  phrase  which  men  rarely  possess.  Now  if  this 
observaUon  is,  as  we  believe  it  to  be,  true,  we  might,  perhaps,  trace  it  to 
this  as  to  one  of  the  causes,  that  they  are  not  accustomed,  so  mnch  as  men  are, 
to  make  a  distinction  between  written  and  spoken  language,  or  to  require  that 
when  we  take  the  pen  in  hand,  as  when  we  put  on  a  dress  suit,  we  should 
at  once  alter  our  manner  and  appearance,  assume  a  more  majestic  look, 
walk  with  a  statelier  step,  and  wear  an  aspect  of  superior  dignity  and 
importance.  Those  persons  whose  letters  are  submitted  to  the  press 
are  generally  authors  who  are  conversant  with  literature,  who  have 
formed  their  manner  from  books  rather  than  conversation,  and  who,  besides 
having  acquired  what  we  may  call  a  prinled  style,  may  be  afraid  that  any 
relaxation  might  be  deemed  debasement,  and  the  masculine  character  of 
their  writings  sink  into  weakness  or  vulgarity.  But  such  a  practice  would 
be  the  very  destruction  of  letter- writing,  which  is,  in  fact,  nothing  but 
good  conversation  written  down.  "  Utinam  et  verba  in  usu  quotidiano 
posita  minus  timeremus  "  is  advice  the  letter- writer  would  do  well  to 
remember.  "  When,'*  says  an  elegant  and  philosophical  writer, f  "  a  woman 
of  feeling,  fancy,  and  accomplishment,  has  learned  to  converse  with  ease 
and  grace,  from  long  intercourse  with  the  most  polished  society,  and  when 
she  writes  as  she  speaks,  she  most  write  letters  as  they  ought  to  be  written, 
if  she  has  acquired  just  as  much  habitual  correctness  as  is  reconcilable 
with  the  air  of  neghgence,"  &c.  But  to  return  to  Mrs.  Grant  and  her 
Tolumes.  The  topics  of  her  correspondence  are  very  miscellaneous,  touching 
on  all  that  was  most  important  or  pleasing,  in  what  she  saw,  heard,  or  read. 
These  subjects  would,  we  think,  lose  much  of  their  interest  in  such  detached 
extracts  as  we  could  make,  and  when  separated  from  all  that  accompanies 
them.    Take  one  trifle  out  of  the  heap,  and  like  a  single  leaf  it  is  blown 

*  "  When  you  except  a  few  men  of  dlstingiiiflbed  talents,  ladies  both  write  and 
ipeak  more  agreeably  than  scholars.  If  you  ask  me  the  reason  of  this,  I  must  inform 
Tou  that  the  easy  and  natural  excursions  of  the  imagination  are  seldom  checked  in 
ladies,  while  the  enslaved  pupils  of  colleges  and  schoob  in  tender  youth  are  forced 
into  awkward  imitations,  or  dreary  ungrateful  tracts,  where  genius  or  beauty  never 
were  seen,"  &c.  See  the  very  elegant  essay  called  *'  Clio  ;  or,  a  Discourse  on  Taste,** 
by  Mr.  Usher,  p.  9S,  concerning  whom  see  Watt's  Bibliotheca  Britannica. 

t  Sir  James  Mackintoih. 


Mn.  Grant  o/Laggmi, 

away  and  lost;  wc  have  tbouglit  it  best,  therefore,  to  confine  ourselves  to 

those  portions  of  the  coircspondeuce  wliich  contain  iitforination  oo  literature 
and  anecdotes  of  literary  persons  ^  Kiidcin  euini  cshc  in  nostris  Scriplo- 
ribusj  aut  inerlissima^  segniticC  est,  aut  fjistidii  delicatissimi.  Our  own 
remarks  \vc  wish  to  be  considered  a^  \'\^\xH  reflected  from  the  text  rather 
than  assuming  an  importance  from  any  little  original  info*  miitiou  they  may 
contain.  For  tlic  volumes  themselves,  he  who  opens  them  for  aiunsement 
will  find  himself  also  receiving  instruction.  When  l!ie  Sirens  invited 
Ulysses  to  their  island  they  not  only  oflfered  the  attraction  of  melody  of 
voice  and  variety  of  song,  but  they  promised  also  to  open  to  him  their 
ample  stores  of  knowledge,  and  to  siitlsfy  his  desire  of  tnformatioui 

We  shall  now  commence  the  extracts,  andj  in  order  not  to  break  in  upon 
the  narrative  of  the  author^  place  our  own  observations  at  the  bottom  of 
the  p^e. 

Vol.  [.  p.  52.  '*  Richmond  and  its  whole  neighbourhood  U  certainly  a 
cluster  of  beauty,  wliich,  after  all,  one  can  hardly  call  rural,  consisting  of 
the  houses  of  pleasure,  and  grounds  adjoining,  belonging  to  numberless 
noble  and  wealthy  families*  I'here  arc  no  views  here  (except  that  ex- 
quisitely luxuriant  one  from  Richmond  Hill)  that  would  much  please  Mr. 
Brown ;  that  is  to  say,  they  have  no  bold  and  jsiriking  features,  and  w^ould 
make  no  figure  in  a  landscape,  Richmond  Park  too  is  very  beautiful,  and 
has  an  agreeable  wildness  that  relieves  the  eye  after  the  very  tame,  the 
very  rich,  country  that  surrounds  it.  Every  walk  we  t;ike  seems  to  be 
crowded  with  departed  wits  and  beauties.  I  meet  Swift,  Arbuthnott 
Addison,  and  Pope,  about  Ham  and  Twickenham  everyday  in  idea.  They 
are  beautifid  walks  no  doubt ;  but,  if  I  durst  say  so,  1  like  my  own  sweet 
Woodend  better.  Tlie  self-same  rich  scenes  pall  upon  my  eyes  }  but  the 
silver  I'hames,  meandering  through  the  most  charming  meadows,  decked 
with  the  noblest  trees  one  can  possibly  behold,  always  delights  me/*  &c.* 

P,  lhil>*  "  1  sent  you  a  copy  of  Paley's  Sermons  :  they  are  very  charac- 
teristic of  the  author^  liaving  nil  his  power  of  argument,  energy  of  thought, 
and  purity  of  doctrine,  with  his  careless,  inelegant,  and  unfinished  diction  ; 
lliey  are  much  run  after,  I  suppose  because  they  are  scarce,  and  were 
printed  in  the  face  of  his  dying  prohibition  ;  he  did  not  think  them 
sufficiently  accurate  or  polished  for  the  public  eye/'t 


n 


*  Mtb.  Graat  lias  well  described  the  iJsociatioDS  with  departed  geDiiis  which  th<: 
neighfaouihooil  of  RiehnioDd  and  Twickenli&Di  must  awaken,  more,  pcrhapv,  than  any 
other  1i>cmlit]r  we  could  mentioa  ;  hut  novr  the  natural  bfa*jttes  of  the  fipot  aloue 
remain.  The  genius  loci,  who  still  hovered  oTer  the  land  of  soug,  depart<^d  for  ever 
when  Strawberry  Hill  was  deprived  of  its  eiquiitte  treasures.  Last  autumn  the  walb 
whose  mirror!  had  refltxlcd  "  Wortley'a  eyes  ^'  were  atript  of  Iheir  tapestried  orDameuts. 
Thb  is  the  Uteat  ravage  which  the  spoiler  could  make.  But  Pope's  roonumeni  to  hia 
mother  still  atanda  amiditt  his  ruined  gardens,  to  be  aold  to  the  highcitt  bidder.  It  waa 
on  Richmood  Hill  that  the  ejres  of  him  whoae  hand  ia  now  writing,  tirst  opt-oed  to  the 
light  of  day^  the  noble  landscape  stretching  over  many  a  province  lying  below  ;  and 
he  who  gazea  on  it  will,  perhaps,  recollect  with  pleasure  that  its  beauties  have  bccu 
immortalised  abkc  by  the  poetry  of  Akenside  and  the  pencil  of  ReynoldM, 

'f  There  is  so  much  right  and  so  much  wrong  m  Palcy's  works^  so  much  original 
and  to  much  borrowed,  so  much  that  is  happy  in  illustration  and  so  much  defective  in 
argument,  ao  much  that  may  be  admitted  with  confidence  and  so  much  that  must  be 
received  with  caution,  that  an  edition  of  his  works,  with  proper  iotroductioni  and  notes, 
would  bt  of  much  f^TTicei    TvQ  of  Mi  illu^tnitigns  so  well  knowa  tad  ea  mucli 


454  Memoir  tmd  Corr$$pondince  of  t^J* 

P.  194.  "  Talking  of  geniua  leads  me  Daturally  to  congratulate  you  on 
the  awakened  brotherly  feelings  of  that  Theodore  (Theodore  Hook)  for 
whom  I  know  your  sisterly  concern  is  restless  and  extreme.  You  may 
believe  I  rejoice  over  the  capture  of  this  shy  bird,  for  his  own  sake  as  weU 
M  yours.  You  will  teach  him  for  his  own  good  to  make  a  due  distinction 
between  living  to  please  the  world  at  large,  and  exerting  his  powers  in  a 

S'ven  direction  for  his  own  benefit,  and  the  satisfaction  of  his  real  friends, 
f  a  person  depending  merely  on  talents  and  powers  of  pleasing  what  ooore 
brilliant  example  can  be  given  than  Sheridan  ?  and  who  would  choose  to 
live  his  life  and  die  his  death  }  *  I  talk  of  his  death  as  if  it  had  already 
taken  place,  for  what  is  there  worth  living  for  that  he  has  not  already 
outlived  ?  and  who,  that  ever  knew  the  value  of  a  tranquil  mind  and  spotless 
name,  would  be  that  justly  admired,  and  as  justly  despised,  individual  ? 
And  if  the  chieftain  of  the  clan  be  such,  what  must  the  tribe  be  ^'  of  those 
that  live  by  crambo  clink  "  as  poor  Bums  called  those  hapless  sons  of  the 
Muses,  who,  without  an  object  or  an  aim,  run  at  random  through  the  world, 
and  are  led  on  by  the  unfeeling  great  and  gay  to  acquire  a  taste  for  expennve 
pleasures  and  elegant  society,  and  then  left  to  languish  in  forlorn  and 
embittered  obscurity,  when  their  health,  and  their  spirits,  and  their  means 
ebb  together.  Raise  then  your  voice  of  truth  and  affection,  and  outsing 
all  the  syrens  that  on  the  coast  of  idleness  strive  to  attract  Theodore  by  the 
songs  of  vanitv,  pleasure,  and  dissipation  ;  teach  him  to  love  those  that  love 
bim,  independent  of  all  that  flatters  or  pleases,  for  himself,  and  make 
auxiliaries  of  all  those  kindred  among  whom  you  are  now  placed,  to  make 
bim  know  something  of  more  value  than  empty  admiration,    &c. 

P.  198.  "  I  called  on  the  Duchess  of  Gordon  yesterday,  she  and  I  having 
a  joint  interest  in  an  orphan  family  in  the  Highlands,  which  creates  ■ 

applauded,  and  that  were  deemed  original,  we  have  found  in  the  course  of  our  reading 
in  preyious  works.  That  of  the  **  Watch  *'  in  Natural  Theology,  is  taken  from  *'  La 
veritable  Usage  de  Contemplation  de  PUnivers  pour  la  conviction  dea  Ath^  et  det 
lacredules,"  by  Bernard  Niewentyt,  translated  by  Chamberlayne,  and  published  under 
the  title  of  the  ^'  Religious  Philosopher."  That  of  the  comparison  of  *'  rivers  mailed 
out  without  any  source  to  flow  from,  and  running  where  there  is  nothing  to  receive 
tiiem,  when  viewed  in  a  map  of  a  district  or  small  detached  territory ^  separated  Arom 
the  adjacent  country,'*  to  the  partial  and  narrow  views  we  have  of  human  life ;  for 
tkis  he  is  indebted  to  Tucker's  Light  of  Nature.  Bishop  Wataon  says  with  some 
truth,  '*  Palev  in  all  his  publications  had  the  art  of  working  up  in  a  very  great  degree 
of  other  men  s  labours,  and  of  exhibiting  them  to  the  world  as  novelties  of  his  own. 
The  perspicuity  with  which  he  kas  arranged,  and  the  elegant  language  in  which  he  has 
explained  many  abstruse  points,  are  his  own,  and  for  these  I  give  him  great  praise.'* 
Tide  Mem.  of  his  own  Life,  vol.  IL  p.  ^Q6.  We  have  heard  that  when  the  Bishop  of 
Durham  (S.  Barrington)  gave  Palev  his  preferment  he  said,  **  I  give  you  this,  Doctor 
Palev,  not  for  vour  Moral  Philosophy  nor  for  your  Natural  Theology,  but  for  your 
Evidences  of  Christianity  and  your  Hons  PaulinsB.*'  Yet  this  is  hardly  agreeable  to  the 
language  of  the  Dedication.  The  Horc  Pauline  is  certainly  his  ofiut  magnMm,  The 
passage  in  Paley  which  Dr.  Parr  so  much  praised  and  so  often  quoted  as  iHlime,  is  the 
last  pa^^e  of  the  fifth  book  of  the  Moral  Philosophy,  beginning  **  Seriousness  is  not 
constraint,' '  &c.  We  could  point  out  those  works,  and  the  parts  of  them,  which  should 
be  consulted  and  used  as  commentaries  on  Paley*s  different  works,  with  the  cautions  they 
afford,  and  the  modifications  they  suggest,  but  it  would  extend  too  far  the  limits  of  these 
notes. 
*  Poor  Sheridan  !  we  know  it  from  his  own  mouth,  died  heart'broieii^  and  iai 


destitution.    '*  TeU  Lady  Bessborough  (he  said  to  a  friend  the  day  before  h»  4iid)        jm 
tiiat  the  eye  «he  said  was  so  bright  will  lose  none  of  its  brightneai  whea  it  looks  ea        -^^ 
the  lid  of  n\y  coffin.''     In  justice  to  him  it  must  be  recollected  that  neltkir  HMc 
adversity  of  liis  party,  nor  the  slights  he  received  from  them»  nor  the  teosf tattal  fi^ 
poverty,  ever  shook  his  adherence  to  his  public  principles  and  ttttffkmtatSt     Wii 
pnbUc  character  wuineoniiptibiSyWhtaaUbesidt  was  in  XBns«  .•u- 


kind  of  buBiness  between  us.  Slie  had  ii  prodigioas  levee^  and  insisted  on 
my  sitting  to  see  tlicm  out*  that  we  might  afterwards  have  our  private  dis- 
cussian.  Among  other  characters  at  her  levee  I  saw  Lord  Lauderdale,  who 
made  me  start  to  see  him,  almost  a  lean  slippered  pantaloon,  who,  the 
last  time  1  saw  him,  was  a  fair-haired  youth  at  GL^sgow  College.  He  was 
really  like  a  memenfo  mori  to  me*  Had  1  mneh  to  leave  I  would  have  gone 
home  and  made  my  will  directly.  More  gratified  I  was  to  see  Sir  Brooke 
Booth  by,  though  he  too  looked  so  feeble  and  so  dismal  that  one  would  have 
thought  Lim  just  come  from  writing  those  sorrows  sacred  to  Penelope,  whicli 
you  have  certainly  seen.  Being  engaged  to  dinner  1  could  stay  no  longer. 
The  Duchess  said  that  on  Sunday  she  never  saw  company,  nor  played 
cards,  nor  went  out ;  in  England,  indeed,  she  did  so,  becauMt  every  one  eUe 
did  ihc  same,  but  she  would  not  introduce  those  manners  into  this  country. 
1  stared  at  these  gradations  of  piety  growing  warmer  as  it  came  northward, 
bnt  was  wise  enough  to  stare  silently.  She  said  she  had  a  great  many 
things  to  tell  me,  and  as  1  was  to  set  out  this  morning  I  must  come  that 
evening  when  she  would  be  alone.  At  nine  I  went,  and  found  VV^alter 
Scott,  whom  1  had  never  before  met  in  society,  though  we  had  cKchanged 
distant  ciWlitics,  Lady  Keith,  Johnson *s  Quceney,  and  an  English  lady, 
witty,  and  fashionable  looking,  who  came  and  went  with  Mr*  Scott.  No 
people  could  be  more  eiisy  and  pleasant,  without  the  visible  ambition  of 
shining,  yet  animated  and  seeming  to  feel  at  home  with  each  other,  I 
think  iVir,  Scott's  appearance  very  unpromising  and  commonplace  indeed, 
yet,  though  no  gleam  of  genius  animates  his  countenance,  much  of  it  appean 
iu  his  conversation,  which  is  rich»  varioiis,  easy^  and  animated,  without  the 
least  of  the  petulance  with  which  the  faculty,  aa  they  call  themselves,  are 
not  unjually  reproached/'  &c. 

P.  232.  '*  What  do  you  think  of  the  new  novel  of  Coelebs  in  Search  of  a 
Wife?  I  think  there  is  considerable  ability  displayed  in  it ;  the  principles 
are  such  as  every  one  who  professes  genuine  Christianity  must  acknow* 
ledge  as  just,  and  regard  as  sacred.  But  to  theologians  such  a  book  is 
unnecessary,  and,  for  tho^c  who  must  needs  be  caught  by  amusement,  there 
is  not  enough  ^  and  if  the  intention  was  to  excite  the  curiosity  of  strangers 
to  religion,  and  lead  them  to  serious  reflection  tlirongli  the  avenue 
of  amusement,  there  certainly  should  have  been  more  story  and  chanicter, 
more  display  of  xvit  and  fancy,  and  less  of  uhat  is  calculated  merely  to 
instruct.  Against  this  criticism  tlie  general  reception  of  the  book  may  be 
weighed.*  What  is  universally  read,  must  have  some  very  powerful  at^ 
traction,  and  the  voice  of  the  people  in  such  an  instance  may  be  at  least 
called  the  voice  of  Apollo ;  and  certainly  we  have  not  known  a  book  go 


*  Ccdeba,  The  populu-ity  of  this  work  was  tupporteJ  by  the  name  of  the  author 
for  ft  while,  bat  tocNa  declined,  becaate  it  wu  written  oo  a  pi&n  that  in  never  l^t  one 
io«tAncc  wftfl  attended  with  succeaa, — that  of  uoaveying  instruction  directly  through 
fictitioua  representation  ;  tiamg  the  story  of  the  uovc!  merely  as  the  shell  to  contain 
the  moxiins  of  wisdom,  lessons  of  inslniction,  and  dictates  of  prudence,  which  ii  tome* 
thing  like  the  attempt  to  make  physic  palatahle  by  presenting  it  in  an  embossed  and 
golden  cnn.  The  exception  we  alluded  to  is  that  of  John  sou's  **  Rasselas/'  but  the 
moral  instruction  there  given  was  the  most  generally  interesting,  as  chiefly  relating 
^^    '  nf  Ufet  and  management  of  those  habits  and  talents  which  tit  men 

of  its  duties  ;  while  at  the  same  time  the  imagery  in  which  it  waa 
•nd  attractive  kind  to  allure  and  delight  the  imagination,  for, 
"< ,  new  aeenery  doet  •■  much  for  a  new  book  as  for  a 
*  ekganoe  of  a  masler' t  haod ;  and  yet  it  is  gmdiiallj 
•lure  of  th«  put  ag«. 


I 


I 
I 


456  Memoir  and  Ccrrupondtnce  of  iMa/, 

BO  8000  through  so  many  editions.  One  reason  may  be,  that  it  has  a 
separate  charm  for  every  class  of  |>eople.  Why  the  pious  and  serious — 
who,  though  a  quiet,  are  still  a  numerous  class — read  it  need  not  be  asked. 
Cariosity  and  the  abilities  displayed  by  the  writer,  attract  very  many  -,'  and 
a  great  number  of  both  sexes  who  have  no  character  at  all  read  it  merely 
because  Coelebs  is  in  search  of  a  wife.  Johnson,  the  majestic  moralist  of 
the  last  century,  did  more  good  to  the  cause  of  religion  than  half  the 
divines  of  the  age,  I  mean  their  writings.  When  people  are  disposed  to 
delight  in  devotional  treatises,  their  hearts  cannot  be  estranged  from  their 
Maker.  'They  that  are  whole  need  not  a  physician;'  but  the  book, 
Bopposing  it  to  have  a  moral  and  religious  tendency, — the  book,  I  say,  that 
does  most  good  is  that  which  is  most  read  ;  and  how  many  thousands  were 
allured  by  the  splendour  of  Johnson's  diction,  and  the  weight  of  his  repu- 
tation, to  read  in  his  works  what  they  never  attended  to  any  where  else, 
and  to  learn  from  him  that  the  best  talents  are  best  suited  to  the  noblest 
purposes,  and  that  wit  and  infidelity  are  by  no  means  so  nearly  allied  as 
many  suppose.  His  works  form  at  least  a  lofty  avenue  to  the  temple  of 
Truth,  in  which  no  one  can  walk  long  or  steadily  without  wishing  to  reach 
the  sacred  fane  which  terminates  the  sublime  vista." 

P.  236.  ''  I  have  got  a  new  book  lately,  which  you  must  have  seen— 
Gertrude  of  Wyoming.  It  is  very  provoking  that  Campbeirs  democratic 
hoof  should  invariably  and  unnecessarily  protrude  itself  through  all  the 
beautiful  drapery  in  which  he  knows  so  well  to  clothe  the  children  of  his 
rich  poetic  fancy.  Why  should  Waldegrave,  a  Briton  bom  and  educated, 
and  married  to  the  daughter  of  an  Englishman, — Waldegrave,  who  had 
only  for  three  months  tasted  the  sweets  of  Transatlantic  liberty, — why 
should  he  be  seized  with  such  an  unnatural  rage  of  antipatriotism,  as  to 
light  the  banner  of  revolt  against  his  native  Sovereign,  and  the  glorious 
land  of  which  he  had  the  honour  to  be  a  native,  and  in  which  he  had  the 
happiness  to  receive  his  intellectual  nurture  ?  My  annoyance  at  all  this» 
and  at  certain  strange  omissions,  obscurities  and  inversions,  does  not 
prevent  my  seeing  and  feeUng  all  the  charms  of  this  exquisite  poem, 
which  unfolds  new  beauties  at  every  renewed  perusal. 

'*  Closed  were  hit  Gertrude*!  lips,  yet  still  their  bland 
And  beautiful  expression  seemed  to  melt 
With  love  that  could  not  die,"  &c. 

Was  ever  any  thing  so  exquisitely  refined,  yet  so  sweetly  natural  as  this 
stanza  throughout  ?  Nothing  less  than  merits  supereminent,  the  Irresistible 
enchantment  of  genius  the  most  i>owerful,  arrayed  in  diction  of  chastened 
sweetness  and  polished  elegance,  could  make  me  forgive  his  flagrant 
violation  of  truth  and  national  character,  when  he  introduces  **  poor 
Scotia's  mountaineers"  as  arming  in  the  provincial  cause.  Glowing  with 
the  love  of  their  native  land,  and  full  of  ancient,  venerable,  perhaps 
useful  prejudices,  they  all  to  a  man  armed  in  the  cause  of  Britain,  whether 
right  or  wrong.  If  taking  the  other  side  were  a  virtue,  *tis  a  virtue  they 
have  no  claim  to,  and  will  not  thank  Campbell  for  bestowing  on  them," 
&c.* 


•  The  defect  in  Campbell's  Gertrude  of  Wyoming,  as  relates  to  the  story,  is,  that 
it  is  so  extremely  inartificial  as  to  be  little  more  than  a  beautiful  lyrical  effusion — a 
picture  of  pleasing  sentiments  and  elegant  images,  without  much  connexion.  The 
defect  in  the  language  is  in  too  great  a  variation  between  ornament  and  plainness. 
Every  poem,  like  a  piece  of  music,  ahould  be  set  in  a  certain  key.     See  how  Milton 


Mrs*  Grant  ofLag^an^ 


457 


1844*] 

P,  248.  "  Mr.  Henry  MackcDzie  of  the  Exclicquer,  othermse  CAlled  the 
'Mali  of  Feeling/  is  one  of  our  nearest  neighbours*,  .  .  Walter  Scott 
and  the  foniiidabic  Jeffrey  have  both  called  on  me,  not  by  any  mcaiia  as 
a  scribblhvg  femj^le,  but  on  account  %}i  links  formed  by  mutual  friendfl. 
You  would  think,  by  tbeir  appefirance,  that  the  body  of  eac!»  was  formed  to 
lodge  the  soul  of  the  other.  Having  met  them  both  formerly,  tlieir  ap- 
pearance was  not  any  thing  new  tome — btit  Jeffrey  looks  the  poet  all  over — 
the  ardent  eye,  the  nervous  agitation,  the  visibly  quick  perceptions,  keep 
one's  attention  constantly  awake,  in  expectation  of  flashes  of  the  peculiar 
intelligence  of  genius.  Nor  is  that  expectation  entirely  disappointed,  for 
his  conversation  is  in  a  high  degree  fluent  and  animated.  Walter  Scott 
again  has  not  a  gleam  of  poetic  fire  visible  in  his  countenance,  which 
merely  suggests  the  idea  of  plain  good  sense.  His  conceptions  do  not  strike 
you  as  by  any  means  so  rapid  or  so  brilliant  as  tliosc  of  bis  critic  j  yet  there  is 
much  amusement  and  variety  in  his  good -humoured >  eaay,  and  unaffected 
conversation/  &c. 

P*  253.  *'One  of  oar  nearest  neighbours  is  Mr,  Henry  Mackenzie.* 
You  have  probably  seen  him  as  the  *  Lounger/  Some  call  him  the 
Scottish  Addison  j  but  that  is  too  high  praise,  for»  though  he  has  mueti 
dehcacy  of  deliiieation  in  moraJ  painting,  he  totally  wants  humour  or  wit, 
or  whatever  you  call  that  gay  and  playful  faculty  that  assumes  so  many 
shapes  to  dazzle  or  to  please,  and  pleases  most  when  it  pretends  least « 
and  this  is  the  salt,  the  incorruptible  principle^  without  which  a  |K»rioiJical 
work  can  never  live  long.  This  may  be  the  reason  why>  notwithstanding 
there  lined  s  entiments  and  elegance  of  expression  which  distingui'sh  it, 
one  never  takes  up  the  *  Lounger' but  when  one  feels  inclined  to  lounge. 
But  to  return— Mr.  Mackenzie  is  married  to  an  excellent  woman,  in 
abihties  at  least  his  equal,  though  the  cares  of  a  large  family  have  always 
kept  her  in  the  shade  of  privacy.  Their  sons  and  daughters  are  ac- 
complished and  informed  young  people  j  and  their  house  is  the  resort  of 
the  best  society  in  one  sense »  that  is,  jH;ople  of  fashion  with  cultivated 
minds-  Lord  Webb  Seymoor,t  Lady  Carnegie,  Lady  Minto,  and  othert 
equally  distinguished,  1  have  met  witli  there.  .  •  .  To-moirow  \V^aIter 
Scott's  Lady  of  the  Lake  comes  forth  in  all  the  charms  of  novelty,  and 
nothing  else  will  be  spoken  of,"  &c, 

P.  2tJL  **  Do  you  know,  notwithstanding  my  wrath  for  his  manifold 
literary  offences,  I  think  1  shall  be  forced  to  like  the  arch-critic  himself 
{Mr*  Jeffrey.)     He  is,  what  indeed  1  knew  before,  the   most  affection- 


attended  to  this,  how  Young  neglected  it.  The  poems  of  Thomson  and  Goldsmith 
were  iltcred  in  liter  editions,  oa  the  ground  of  a  more  fmrmoniout  uniformity  o/ 
Btfh. 

*  For  Dome  ftccoont  of  Mr.  U.  Maakenzie,  the  author  of  the  Man  of  Feeling,  &e. 
gee  Soott'i  Lives  of  Ihe  Novelist*,  vol.  11.  p,  149  ;  Loekhart's  Life  of  Scott,  voL  VU 
p,  148.  The  itory  of**  Le  Roche"  ia  the  gem  of  the  Mirror.  Pinkertoo  remarkly 
**  that  it  is  odd  the  editor  shoQid  admit  bo  odd  a  blunder,  as  *  Serious  Letters  to  th« 
Mirror/  Was  he  iguorant  thit  a  man  may  be  a  8pectator,  or  Guardian,  bnt  nol 
a  Mirror?  We  obacrve  both  to  the  Mirror  and  Lounger  more  ScoUicitmu  than 
we  should  have  expected.  Even  the  writings  of  Lord  Hailes.  a  critic  by  proff8Sion« 
arc  not  free  from  them.  The  **  Alan  of  Fe^^Hnp*'  U  the  production  of  geniua  and  tenal*  j 
hility,  but  IL  Mackeniie's  fame  as  a  writer  of  pathos  must  he  founded  on  Julia  de 
Roubign(\ 

t  Of  that  very  intereathif  and  estimable  person,  Lord  Webb  Seymonr,  bo  little 
kaown,  and  whose  virtnea,  talenti,  and  acquirementf  were  onl^  to  he  seen  in  the  shade 
of  a  retired  and  private  life,  the  reader  maj  consult  the  Lite  of  Mr.  F.  Horaer,  la 
which  publication  in  fact  hia  name  waa  made  known  to  the  worid  for  the  fint  titne. 

Gent.  Maq.  Vol.  XXI.  3  N 


458  Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  fMay, 

ate  relation  possible,  and  truly  good-natnred  in  society,  though  so  petulant 
on  paper.  He  sometimes  calls  on  me,  and,  being  in  the  same  circle,  I 
meet  with  him  wherever  I  go.  He  has  a  brother  lately  come  from  America, 
a  widower  like  himself,  and  they  reside  together.  I  was  asked  with  Mary 
to  the  first  dinner  they  gave  there  ;  it  was  by  no  means  a  literary,  or  what 
Mrs.  A.  would  call  an  intellectual,  one.  All  was  ease  and  good  humour, 
without  discussions  or  debates  of  any  kind  j  indeed  the  party  were  rather 
relatives  and  friends  than  savans.  I  might  except  perhaps  a  little  dis- 
cussion on  the  Lady  of  the  Lake,  for  which  I  augur  a  very  favourable  review. 
I  hope  you  are  all  as  much  pleased  with  it  as  we  are.  There  are  some 
stnrdy  critics  here,  however,  who  deny  Walter  Scott  the  merit  of  being  a 
poet  at  all,  and  call  all  that  delights  us  jingle  and  jargon.  The  public  at 
huge  is  an  excellent  judge  of  poetic  merit  -,  some  very  fine  things  indeed 
are  too  much  refined  for  its  great  wide  ear  3  but,  when  it  is  much  and  long 
pleased,  there  must  be  excellence,  and  all  that  remsdns  for  the  critic  is  to 
trace  that  pleasure  to  its  source,  and  discriminate  the  lights  and  shades 
that  needs  must  exist  in  whatever  is  human,*'  &c. 

P.  278.  "  My  time  is  at  present  much  occupied,  but  I  shall  avail  myself 
of  a  short  interval  of  leisure,  to  tell  you  what  I  am  sure  you  will  be  in- 
terested in  hearing — the  particulars  of  the  final  interview  between  the 
Prince  of  Wales  and  the  late  Bishop  of  London  (Dr.  Porteus),  which  have 
lately  been  communicated  to  me  from  a  source  which  appears  to  me  quite 
authentic.  Among  other  good  people  with  whom  my  informant  is  intimate, 
is  Mr.  Owen,  minister  of  Fulham,  who  was  in  a  manner  the  Bishop's  parish 
cleigyman,  and  long  his  chaplain.  He  even  gave  my  friend  an  account 
of  this  interview,  as  the  Bishop  gave  it  to  him  two  days  before  his  death. 
It  seems  his  Royal  Highness  had  sent  out  a  summons  for  a  great  military 
review  which  was  to  take  place  on  a  Sunday.  The  Bishop  had  been 
confined,  and  did  not  hope,  nor  I  suppose  wish,  ever  in  this  world  to  go  out 
again.  He  ordered  his  carriage,  however,  upon  hearing  this,  proceeded  to 
Carlton  House  and  waited  on  the  Prince,  who  received  him  very  graciously. 
He  said,  "  I  am  come.  Sir,  urged  by  my  regard  to  you,  to  your  father,  and 
to  this  great  nation,  who  are  anxiously  beholding  every  public  action  of 
yours.  I  am  on  the  verge  of  time,  new  prospects  open  to  me,  the  favour 
of  human  beiugs  or  their  displeasure  is  as  nothing  to  me  now.  I  am  come 
to  warn  your  Royal  Highness  of  the  awful  consequences  of  your  breaking 
dovm  the  very  little  that  remains  of  distinction  to  the  day  that  the  Author 
of  all  power  has  hallowed  and  set  apart  for  himself."  He  went  on  in 
pathetic  terms  to  represent  the  awful  responsibility  to  which  the  Prince 
exposed  himself,  and  how  much  benefit  or  injury  might  result  to  the 
immortal  souls  of  millions,  by  his  consulting  or  neglecting  the  revealed  will 
of  the  King  of  kings  ;  and,  after  much  tender  and  awful  exhortation,  con- 
cluded with  saying,  "  You  see  how  your  father,  greatly  your  inferior  in  talent 
and  capacity,  has  been  a  blessing  to  all  around  him  and  to  the  nation  at 
large,  because  he  made  it  the  study  and  business  of  his  life  to  exert  all 
his  abilities  for  the  good  of  his  people,  to  study  and  to  do  the  will  of  God, 
and  to  give  an  example  to  the  world  of  a  life  regulated  by  the  precepts  of 
Christian  morality.  He  has  been  an  object  of  respect  and  veneration  to  the 
whole  world  for  so  doing.  If  he  has  done  much,  you,  with  your  excellent 
abilities  and  pleasing  and  popular  manners,  may  do  much  more.  It  is  im- 
possible for  you  to  remain  stationary  in  this  awful  ciisis  -,  you  must  rise 
to  true  glory  and  renown,  and  lead  millions  in  the  same  path  by  the  power 
of  your  example,  or  sink  to  sudden  and  perpetual  ruin,  aggravated  by  the 


18440 


Mn,  Grmi  of  La^gan* 


4M 


great  numbers  whom  your  fall  will  draw  \\\\\\  you  to  the  same  destruction  ; 
and  now,  were  I  able  to  rise,  or  were  any  one  here  wbo  would  assist  uie, 
I  should,  with  the  awful  feeling  of  a  dying  roan,  give  my  last  blessing  to 
your  Roynl  Highness-"  Tlie  Prince  npon  this  burst  into  tears,  and  foil 
on  his  knees  before  the  Bishop,  who  bestowed  upon  him  with  folded  hands 
his  dying  benediction  :  the  Priuce  then,  in  the  most  gracious  and  affecting 
mauner,  assisted  lum  himself  to  ^^o  down,  and  put  him  into  his  carriage. 
The  Bisliop  went  home,  uever  came  out  again,  and  died  the  fifth  day  after. 
On  hearing  of  his  denth,  the  Priuce  shut  liimself  up,  and  was  heard  by 
his  attendants  to  sob  as  under  deep  aflaiction," 

P.  281.  **  1  must  tell  you  that  we  have  read  Mrs.  Montagos  Letters. 
Mary  thinks  tliem  extremely  amusing;  I,  too,  am  amused,  but  there  18  a 
visible  hardness  in  her  character,— sue li  a  total  absence  of  the  amiable 
romance  of  early  life,  and  such  an  ungraceful  harshness  on  some  occasions, 
and  petulance  on  others, — 'I  cannot  conceive  how  she  has  made  such  very 
desirable  things  as  good  principlcj  sound  sense,  brilliant  wit,  and  much 
intelligence  and  early  usage  of  the  world  so  little  pleasing  j  there  is 
everything  to  admire,  but  nothing  gentle,  graceful,  or  attractive,  I 
greatly  dislike  her  style.*  Female  wit  has  generally  a  kind  of  gay- 
elegance  that  rajikcs  its  manner  recammend  its  matter :  there  must  be 
something  wanting  when  it  pleases  me  so  little,  who  am  so  delighted  witli 
everything  of  that  nature.  1  cannot  say  how  much  Mrs,  Carter's  kind  of 
humour  amuses  me  5  and  Gray's  letters  charm  me  beyond  measure :  his 
wit  is  of  such  a  grave,  odd  kind,  it  takes  one  by  surprise,"  &c. 

P.  283*  *'  Now,  as  to  '  Se{f -Control ;  it  is  not  Miss  Hamilton's,  nor  is  it 
the  work  of  any  one  of  the  many  it  is  ascrityed  to.  The  secret  has,  as  yet, 
been  carefully  concealed,  and  all  curiosity  eluded  ;  but  I  am  fixed  in  the 
opinion  that  it  was  born  in  Orkney  :  I  sli  ill  not,  however,  anticipate  your 
judgment  in  any  respect  regarding  this  work,  so  much  admired  by  some 
and  condemned  by  others.  In  this  literary  city  it  occasions  as  much  con- 
versation  as  a  new  island  in  the  Clyde  could  do  at  Greenock," 

P.  283.  "  Southey,  who,  I  think,  writes  the  articles  in  the  Quarterly 
Review  about  the  Methodists,  is  not  far  wrong.  They  do  a  great  deal  of 
good,  as  he  allows  j  but  both  the  good  and  evil  peculiar  to  their  tenets 
are  more  obvious  in  England  than  here  :  indeed,  their  tenets  are  radically 
good  J  'tis  their  cheerless  gloom,  their  spiritual  pride,  and  their  sectariam 
bigotry  that  are  bad.  If  their  clergy  love  pleasure  less  than  otliers,  tbey 
certainly  love  power  more,  and  organize  their  modes  of  preserving  it  with  aa 
much  diligence  as  ever  the  Jesuits  did.  Yet  the  Jesuits  did  much  good 
among  the  subdued  and  wretched  savages  in  Paraguay ;  and  the 
Methodists  do  a  great  deal  of  good  among  the  ignorant  and  profligate 


♦  Mffc  Gni&t's  obBervfttiona  on  the  style  wad  character  of  Mri,  Montigu's  letter* 
appear  to  us  to  be  just  ■  they  are  clever,  but  not  natural.  Some  manuicript  Ictteri 
of  hers  were  published  in  the  Censara  Literariflt  to],  i.  p.  87  ;  ii.  178,  and  come  in  thfl 
third  Tolnmc,  It  ii  not,  we  believe,  generally  known  that  no  leaf  a  person  tha a 
Conycrs  Middlcton  supcrintcoded  her  education.  A  alight  sketch  from  the  inimitablft 
pencil  of  Madame  du  Dclland  on  thia  learned  lady  ia  sufficient.  *'  Je  toia  quelquefois 
Madame  Monla^,  jc  ne  la  trouve  pas  trop  pedautc,  moia  die  fait  taut  d'efTorta  pour 
bien  parlcr  notrclanguef  que  sa  conversation  eat  pcniblc.  J^aime  bien  raicux  miladi 
Lucan,  qui  ne  a*eniharMte  point  du  mot  propre,  ct  qui  Ic  fait  fort  bien  entendre,  Ac. 
Mad.  dc  Montagu  »*cit  tret  bien  comport^c  il' Academic  ;  c'est  uoe  fetnme  raisonaWe, 
cnuuyeuse  sans  doutc^  mail  bonne  femme  ct  trca  poUc/*  The  aUu»ioa  to  her  be- 
bBTiour  *t  the  Acadcmie  WM  Qtk  tccouat  of  m  Emy  of  Voltair^'i  >gwst  gl^ak^ipear^  | 
being  read  there. 


■ 


460  Memoir  and  Correiponience  of 

populace  ill  England.  For  bucIi  converts  their  austere  discipUne  is  b«t 
suited  i  they  drive  them  as  far  ii&  possible  from  their  woated  hauuts,  le«t 
the  evil  spirit  should  regain  possession  of  the  berdj  and  urge  them  down 
the  precipice.  They  do  not  show  the  extremes  of  their  extravagance  to  ni 
in  Scotland  j  our  people  are  too  enlightened  to  l>ear  it.  They  answer 
many  good  purposes  :  *  to  goad  the  prelate  slurabering  in  his  stall/  and  to 
shew  all  other  teachers  of  religion  liow  necessary  it  is  to  move  the  human 
mind  by  its  two  great  binges — hope  aad  fear  i  the  said  mind  being  very 
little  a^octed  by  moral  essays/'  &c^ 

P.  285.  **  I  am  pleased  that  you  not  only  found  much  amusemeut  in 
reading  Miss  Seward's  letters,  but  have  candour  enough  to  own  yon  did  j 
for  it  is  the  fashion  to  rail  at  her  as  vain  and  absurd.  Her  bad  taste  &nd 
self-opinion  are  too  obvious  to  escape  detection  from  any  person  that  cao 
thiuk  or  see :  yet,  though  these  prominent  faults  make  her  less  estimable  u 
a  woman  and  less  admirable  as  a  writer*  I  am  not  sure  that  they  detract  much 
frimi  the  entertainment  we  derive  from  her  letters.  Her  literary  vanity  iu 
particular  appears  naked  and  not  ashamed^  with  a  most  amusing  na'ttr^i^.  Thf 
singular  artlessoess  of  so  artificial  a  character  gives  the  idea  of  something 
unique  and  anomalous  that  we  know  not  how  to  define,  nor  eiacUy 
wliether  to  admire  or  despise.  Talent  and  sincerity,  however  disguised, 
must  have  their  attractions  ;  and  Miss  Seward  had  both  in  no  como^Qn 
degree.  She  furnishes  arras  against  herself  by  her  open  avowal  of  to 
marty  feelings  and  opinions,  that  others  would  carefully  conceal.  She 
wants  art,  but,  on  the  other  hand,  she  totally  wants  delicacy  and  even 
that  refinement  of  mind  which  isiilmost  the  necessary  consequence  of  high 
cultivation.  Witness  the  gross  flattery  which  she  gladly  received  ajid 
liberally  bestowed.  Perhaps  it  is  wrong  to  call  it  flattery  j  her  adulators, 
who  for  the  most  part  were  male  aud  female  coxcombs  of  the  first  mag* 
nitude,  very  probably  thought  all  they  said.  Her  coarseness  and  her 
laxity  of  religious  principle  she  inberitedj  I  fear,  from  her  clerical  father 
and  house wively  mother  ^  this  was  nursed  in  a  card-playing  provincial 
tov%n,  where  she  was  the  one  eyed  queen  of  the  bliud^  having  no  superior 
to  li>ok  up  to,  and  her  mind  exasperated  by  all  the  uudcrworkings  of  petty 
envy  and  nuvlignity.  Her  intimacy  with  Darwin,  however  innocent,  waa 
fatal  to  her  in  different  res{>ects  ;  his  false  brilliancy  aggravated  her  false 
taste,  aud  to  the  tottering  fabric  of  her  religious  principle  he  gave  the 
last  blow.  I  believe  that  the  friendship  between  her  aud  Saville  was  as 
pure  as  that  betwixt  you  and  me  ;  every  person  of  sense  and  candour  that 
ever  knew  them  thought  so,  and  the  strain  of  their  letters  proves  it  incon* 
testably.  Saville  was  a  man  in  the  highest  degree  virtuous,  pious,  simplCt 
aud  sincere  j  their  friendship  was  inherited  and  begun  with  her  father. 
Having  now  spoken  so  freely  of  Miss  Seward's  faults,  let  me  do  justice  to 
her  merits  also*  She  was  respectable  for  her  honour  and  integrity,  and 
the  length  and  t^trvngth  of  her  attachments.  Could  there  be  a  better 
daughter,  a  warmer  friend,  or  one  that  had  more  ham c •feelings  and  homc- 
enjuyments?  Her  criticisms  and  descriptions,  over-adorned  aa  they  are, 
still  convey  to  the  mind,  in  the  most  lively  manner,  one  of  the  fin»l  charms 
of  hunmn  existence,  an  enlarged  capacity  of  enjoyment,  and  a  keen  and 
,«taUed  relish  for  all  iUht  is  capable  of  delighting  in  external  nature  ar 
.the  wider  world  cf  intellect  j  riowcrs  of  enjoyment  to  buoyant  and  lo 
•  ftctivc  communicate  their  impulse  to  alower  faculties,  and  for  the  momctit 
'Invigorate  and  exalt  them.  « .  When  yon  tell  me  yon  ire  not  tired  1  ihalL 
periiapa^  tell  you  more  of  Miu  Seward*"  ' 


I 

I 


I 


18440 


Mfi,  Grant  o/Luggan. 


m 


P*  308,  **  You  ask  luy  opinion  of  Mrs.  Hannah  More*8  last  publicatioii 
(Practical  Piety),  Very  favoorable  indeed  it  is  j  not  that  I  think  anything 
new  remains  to  be  said  on  the  most  important  subject  she  treats*  Yet  i^ 
by  throwiBg  those  new  and  clear  ligliU  upon  useful  and  well-kaomi  truths, 
which  she  is  so  capable  of  producing,  the  young  are  allured  to  serious  cott* 
sideratiot),  and  the  old  reminded  of  duties  which  the  tide  of  worldly  carca 
is  apt  to  overwhelm,  much,  very  much,  may  be  done  by  her  respected 
agency,  I  think  there  is  no  iudividual  now  living  to  whom  Xhe  cause  of 
religion  owes  so  much,  IIi?r  arguments  on  the  subject  of  prayer  are  cal- 
culated to  carry  conviction  to  the  reason  and  contrition  to  the  heart.  1 
have  lately  read  again,  with  new  delight,  her  Strictures  on  Female  Educa- 
tion. There  has  not  yet  been  any  work  published  on  that  beaten  subject 
more  calculated  tu  do  good  :  genius  of  the  first  order,  excellent  sound 
sense,  profound  and  practical  piety,  and  thorough  knowledge  of  the  pre-* 
vailing  manners  and  characters^  give  value  and  ought  to  give  eiiicacy  to 
that  admirable  work/"  &c. 

Vol  U.  p,  29,  *'  You  ask  me  what  I  think  of  Rokeby,  I  think,  in  the 
ftrst  place,  that  it  is  the  Border  Minstrel's  Odifssey  j  that  is  to  say,  there 
is  in  it  a  higher  tone  of  morality,  though  less  of  the  glow  and  rapidity  of 
inspiration  that  hurried  you  rjong  in  his  former  productions r  The  de'* 
scriplions  are  beautiful,  and  correctly  true  to  nature,  for  you  know  that  I^ 
having  traced  all  the  scenes  under  the  conduct  of  their  enthusiastic  owner, 
can  judge  pretty  accurately  of  the  resemblance.  Mr,  Morritt,  who  li 
himself  a  poet,  looks  on  the  Tees  and  the  Greta  with  a  lover's  eye,  and 
delights  in  pointing  out  the  be»uties  of  the  valleys  through  which  they 
wander.  There  cannot,  however,  be  a  Uiorc  powerful  illustration  of  Mr. 
Jeffrey's  theory,  of  the  necessary  connexion  between  8cenei7  and  senti- 
ment to  give  inanimate  beauty  its  full  effect,  than  the  comparatively  feeblo 
impression  left  on  the  mind  by  description  so  5ne  In  itself  and  so  true  to 
its  original,  for  want  of  those  legends  and  poetical  associations  by  whick 
our  Scoltish  glens  and  mountains  are  not  only  consecrated^  but  in  a 
degree  anioiatod.  Ohs^ervc  how  rich  the  notes  of  Scott's  former  poemB 
are  in  allusions  to  traditions  and  quotations  from  local  poetry !  fiut  where 
is  the  local  jwetry  of  England  ?  Granville  and  Pope,  of  very  late  years, 
have  celebrated  Windsor  and  the  Thames  j  our  own  countryman  Thomson, 
too,  hung  a  wre^^th  on  Richmond  Hit] :  but  what  other  place  in  England 
can  be  mentioned  that  awakes  one  poetical  recollection  ?*  Milton's  verj 
self  has  not  sanctified  a  single  spot  j  and  S]>enser's  localities  were  all  in 
Ireland," 

P.  36,  "  I  have  dismissed  my  cold,  and  have  at  present  no  other  illness 
but  that  of  being  sick  of  Madame  de  Siael,  from  whose  ubiquity  there  19 
ao  escaping.  8hc  appears  to  till  every  place,  sod  the  mania  regarding  her 
seems  epidemical  ...  1  consider  Mad.  dc  Stael's  Delphi ne  a  very 
bad  book ;  and  i  should  be  apt  to  insist  on  the  author  doing  penance  in  a 


*  Mrs.  Grant  forgot  to  mtatioa  Jnfo^a  t»oem  of  £df«  Hill ;  Croive^B  finer  fv^tm  of 
LewcsdoD  HIU;  Djer't  Groiigar  Hilli  fro  d«*ervedly  popular;  among  the  cM«r  poflfei 
ire  th«  DAtnea  of  Drayton  and  Deuham.  both  of  whom  d«acrib«d  local  ■ceii»rjt  md 
ill  tbe  {iKieBi  day  there  tre  Word^^vorth'B  SonoeU  to  tho  River  DuddeOf  Hce.  W« 
Bl^  htn  mcatloa  that  the  «tory  of  the  Muld  of  Nethcrcombc,  introduced  into  the 
JM  Mlitkn  9f  L«^c«doo  Hill,  wia  not  wriUen  by  Mr.  Crowf^,  but  by  bi$  soo,  aud 
might,  perhaps,  have  been  better  ^ored*  Mr.  Orator  Croir«  rerkwid  Skee'f  RlijiiMi 
on  Alt  la  Cumberland*  a  Reriew. 


U2 


Memoir  and  Correspondence  of 


white  sheet  like  Jane  Shore,  at  St.  PaoVs,  before  I  would  forgive  her  for 
writing  it**  All  this  I  say  to  qualify  the  inclosed  eu!ogy%  and  to  assert 
my  decided  principle,  that  there  is  much  danger  in  allowing  talent  to 
atone  for  dangeroos  opinions.  I  think  the  Bride  of  Abydos — as  every  bride 
should  be — very  beautiful ;  but  the  nnri^-alkd  Giaour  is  still  more  so. 
Now,  as  I  cannot  say  anything  nearly  so  good  myself,  I  shall  conclude  by 

quoting  a  letter  I  lately  received  from  Miss -,  on  the  subject  of  Lord 

Byron  and  De  Stael.  *  Madame  de  Stael  entered  at  one  door  of  the 
Loudon  Theatre  just  as  the  Edgeworths  exited  at  the  other  :  I,  too,  warn 
exiting,  but  just  contrived  to  get  one  sight  of  her,  w  orth  a  dozen  of  cofnmon 

ones  y  I  need  not  say  contrived,  for  the  D s  kindJy  pressed  me  to  meet 

her  at  their  house,  the  day  after  her  arrival ;  and  as  the  only  guest  besides 
was  Lord  Byron,  and  as  they  drew  each  other  forth  in  perfection,  I  never 
listened  to  a  dialogue  so  thoroughly  entertaining.  The  present  sentiment*, 
political  and  religious,  of  Cbilde  Harold  and  Mad*  de  Stael  are  as  com- 
pletely in  contrast  as  her  torrent  of  eloquence  and  his  cold  sarcastic  wit,** 
&c. 

P.  40.  **  Mr.  Jeffrey  has  married  Miss  Wilkes,  a  young  lady  from  Ame- 
rica, About  two  years  and  a  half  since  1  received  a  note  from  him,  apoto* 
gizing  for  a  short  invitation,  aud  entreating  that  I  would  come  next  day 
to  dine  with  some  American  friends.  I  had  been  much  obliged  to  him 
for  similar  compliauces,  so  set  out  readily  and  met  these  strangers.  One 
was  a  dark  gloomy-looking  man,  another  his  wife,  the  plainest,  worst 
dressed  woman  I  had  seen  ^  and  the  third  was  a  gay,  fashionable  lookiJig 
girl  of  seventeen.  These  were  M.  Simond,t  a  Frenchman^  who  left  Lyons 
during  the  revolutionary  horrors,  and  went  to  America,  where  he  married 
Miss  Wilkes,  niece  to  the  patriot  j  Mrs.  Simond  his  wife,  and  Miss  Wilkes 
niece  to  that  wife.  Simond,  though  very  unlike  a  Frenchman^  being  re- 
served, fastidious,  and  philosophic  in  the  highest  sense  of  the  phrase,  i«  a 
man  of  talent^  great  refinement,  aud  agreeable  conversation  when  be  does 
converse.  His  wife  is  a  person  that,  after  the  unfavourable  impression  of 
her  unpromising  eiterior  was  got  over,  I  liked  exceedingly  ;  most  candid, 
most  disinterested,  moat  benevolent,  with  a  cultivated  mind,  plain  manners, 
and  continual  good  humour.  Flow  it  came  to  pass  I  know  not,  but  so  it 
was,  that  she  li^-ed  much  with  the  noted  Mrs.  Montagu,  and  all  her  opt* 
nioDS  were  formed  in  that  school.  The  party  besides  consisted  only  of 
Mr.   Henry    Mackenzie   (the  Lounger),  his    daughter.   Miss  Elizabeth 


I 


I 


*  Let  ui  bear  wh&t  the  Comte  Segor  saji  of  this  work,  to  which  the  motto  prefixed 
isemi  Uttle  in  barmonirt  ^'  tJa  bomme  doit  savoir  brayer  l*opinton ;  une  fpmme  t*y 
soomctln.*' — '*  Je  met  daas  uae  claate  a  part  le  Romaa  de  Dtipkimt:  la  latte  dca 
opltiiana  anr  oet  crnvrafe  %ale  peot-^trc  eelie  def  defauts  et  des  bcttut^  domt  ii  four* 
mSXhr  Sm  Seyar  snr  let  FeniDet,  vol.  11 L  p.  25^.  We  belLete  that  the  chanctcr  of 
Cttriebea  fa  Delphliw  wmm  ioteaded  for  Madame  Necker  Saasanre,  the  biographer  and 
eoudn  of  Mad.  de  Stael,  Mad.  de  SUel  coufeued  tbat  Delpbiae  was  intended  foe 
Aertelf,  a  la  beaat^  pr^t, 

f  TbU  M.  Simood  baa  giren  in  bis  intereatiiig  TraTeU  in  Switzerland  tome  i 
dotct  and  account  of  Mad.  de  Stael:  he  tnentioni  ber  letters  from  Paria  to  ber  i 

which  Mr«  Boaitettea  said  wer«  written  witb  more  spirit,  ease.  elo<)iicDce,  and  __, 

Deas  of  obserratioa  than  any  thing  of  bera  erer  ptibliibed,  aad  regrets  the  cwnfjait  oC 
M.  Necker,  who  burnt  them.  See  toL  K  p.  282,  Ac.  He  mentioni  among  other  tnMm 
of  character,  tbat  at  Coppet,  while  Mr,  Bonatettea  waa  walking  in  the  groaads,  lia 
was  struck  witb  a  iwitcb  from  behind  a  tree ;  taming  rotind,  be  saw  MadcnolMlle 
Keeker,  then  a  child  of  6te  or  lix  jreara  old,  laughing,  who  paid,^^  Msttaa  fSttt 
qaeje  me  serre  de  la  main  gaucbe,  et  j'essayoia," 


I 


1844.] 


Afr*.  Grant  of  iMtjfgan, 


4U 


Hamilton,  and  myself;  and  we  all  did  wonderfully  well.  These  strangert 
remained  for  some  time  in  Edinburgh,  making  excursions  round  it^"  &c< 

P.  48,  '*  I  am  glad  AL  de  Stacl  ha?i  left  Eiigbiid  :  prudery  apart,  I 
never  reiisjhcd  the  worskip  paid  to  a  Minerva  so  much  more  tktin  pcpiivo* 
cal  in  conduct.  Far  am  I  from  wishing  to  limit  tluit  mercy  ukich  keeps 
the  gates  of  accepted  penitence  open  to  tliose  who  Lave  erred  most  deeply: 
yet  such  is  my  impression  of  tire  rectitude,  deep  feeling*  and  honourable 
shame  that  belongs  originally  to  the  female  character,  and  revives  with 
renewed  force  wlieu  fi^lk^n  woman  endeavours  to  regain  the  height  from 
which  vice  has  precipitated  ker: — so  perfectly  do  I  comprehend  what  such 
a  person  must  feel,  from  one  or  two  instances  which  liavc  come  within  my 
own  observation,  that  1  have  no  faith  in  a  triumphant  Magdalene  sitting 
on  tke  tripod  of  inspiration  to  deliver  oracles  to  ker  admirers,  or  mounting 
the  throne  of  literary  cmiuence  to  dictate  to  her  implicit  worshippers*  A 
real  female  fn^nitent  aspires  to  no  suck  distinctions :  humihty  is  the  lirst 
frnit  of  real  penitence  ;  and  that  penitence  which  has  to  expunge  a  public 
scandal  given  to  the  world,  aggravated  by  volumes  of  t!ie  most  pernicioui 
sophistry,  would  plunge  into  the  depths  of  retirement  if  it  produced  the 
necessary  effects  of  deep  and  sincere  remorse.  Tke  habits  of  that  vice 
wkick  is  fed  and  supported  by  gratified  vanity  are  very  obstinate,  yet  not 
indelible.     It  is  not  mere  rhapsody  to  say. 

Let  lieiiven  seize  it,  a]l  at  ODce  *ih  fir'd ; 

Not  touched,  but  wrapt,  not  wake  a 'd,  but  ingpir'd. 

But  what  is  Madame  de  Staels  religion  when  you  examine  it  ?  That 
poetical  German  devotion  that  seeks  tlicatrical  effect  and  strong  sensation  j 
that  wiskes  to  forget  immutable  justice  in  divine  benelicence  j  tkat  seeks 
God  more  in  his  works  than  in  his  word.nnd  worships  more  as  imagination 
pictures  liim  than  as  he  has  revealed  himself; 

As  wise  afi  Socrates,  if  such  they  were^ 
As  wise  as  Socrates  might  justly  stand 
The  dcfiuition  of  a  modem  fool, 

Tke  enthnsiasm  that  she  supposes  essential  to  devotion  is  certainly  more 
tkat  of  tke  imagination  ikan  of  the  heart.  Yet  1  will  allow  tkat,  even  tn 
Bgurative  and  fanciful  manner,  the  suffrage  of  a  person  so  distinguished  tn 
favour  of  religion,  is  desirable  x  we  ongkt  never  to  forget  tke  declaration, — 
*  He  that  is  not  against  us  is  with  us."  ...  1  certainly  did  not  set  out  with 
the  intention  of  wandering  so  far  after  Madame  de  Stack  but  [  certainly 
did  grudge  a  little  the  homage  paid  lier  wlien  in  England,  wiihout  at  tke 
same  time  detracting  from  the  superiority  of  her  talents  and  ac(|mre- 
inentB,'*  &e. 

P.  60,  ''  I  hope  yon  have  read,  or  will  read,  Wavericy.  I  am  satisfied 
from  internal  cvidetice  tkat  Walter  Scott,  and  no  otker^  is  the  author  of 
til  at  true  and  chaste  delineation  of  Scottish  manners,  such  as  they  existed 
at  the  time  he  assigns  for  his  drama.  I  am  afraid,  as  you  only  saw  fine 
and  great  people  in  Scotland,  that  much  of  this  truth  of  painting  will  be 
lost  on  you.  He  is  not, however,  just  to  the  Highlanders;  and  the  speci-* 
mens  of  Highland  mannets  which  he  gives  are  not  fair  ones.  He  makes 
them  on  different  occasions  ready  to  assassinate,  without  their  well  knowing 
why,  tliose  who  displease  their  chieftain.  This  is  unfair  and  unjust.  A 
Highlander,  in  old  times,  was  much  too  ready  te  use  his  dirk  in  a  quarrel 
man  to  man,  and  held  life  much  too  cheap  in  skirmiskea  about  cattle,  6te., 


464  Memoir  tmd  Correiponimce  of  [May, 

bnt  no  people  on  earth  bad  snch  a  horror  at  assassination.  Of  taking  the 
life  of  another  without  risking  one*s  own,  there  is  no  example  even  in 
the  sad  history  of  the  insurrection  of  Forty-five  ;  and  of  murder,  they  have 
BQch  a  horror,  that  they  even  scruple  to  use  the  term.  But  the^iconse- 
qnences  of  a  party  brawl  they  do  not  account  murder/*  &c. 

P.  69.  "  Have  you  seen  Wordsworth's  new  poem.  The  Excursion  > 
There  is  much  beautiful  writing  in  it,  and  much  piety ;  but  his  piety  has 
too  much  of  what  is  called  Pantheism,*  or  the  worship  of  nature,  in  it. 
This  is  a  kind  of  German  piety  too ;  they  look  in  the  sun,  moon,  and 
flowers,  for  what  they  should  find  in  their  Bible.  The  corruptions  of  the 
haman  heart,  however,  require  a  deeper  and  more  radical  cure  than  can  be 
found  in  contemplating  rocks  and  sditary  glens  :  these  remedies  for  the 
disorders  of  the  heart  must  produce  their  chief  effect  on  very  sensitive  or 
imaginative  minds.  .  .  .  Wordsworth,  they  say,  talks  incessantly  ;  his 
conversation  has  the  perpetual  flow  of  a  stream, — monotonous  in  sound  and 
endless  in  duration.  I  was  quite  surprised  to  hear  this  at  first,  imagining 
that,  meditating  so  much  as  he  does  among  lakes  and  groves,  he  had 
almost  forgot  the  sound  of  his  own  voice  :  but  I  fancy  he  is  rather  like  the 
late  Dr.  Moore,  who,  I  was  told,  was  always  speaking  when  he  was  not 
writing,  lliese  lake  poets,  having  their  attention  entirely  withdrawn  from 
the  world,  and  what  is  passing  in  it,  consider  every  thing  that  passes  in 
their  own  minds  of  such  paramount  importance,  that  it  must  all  be  com- 
municated, and  considered  worthy  of  attention,*'  &c. 

P.  61.  'M  now  proceed  to  tell  you  that,  though  I  hear  some  people 
impute  Waverley  to  Boswell,  the  son  of  Johnson's  biographer,  who  is  un- 
questionably a  man  of  genius,  I  still  continue  fixed  in  the  opinion  that  it 
is  Walter  Scott's.  I  know  his  style  of  speaking,  thinking,  and  observing 
80  well,  that,  were  he  himself  to  swear  as  hard  as  Lord  Cochrane  that  he 
did  not  write  it,  I  uoold  not  believe  him.  The  arch -critic  (Mr.  Jeffrey) 
and  I  had  a  discussion  on  it,  when  the  book  first  came  out  -,  he  perfectly 
agreed  in  opinion  with  me,  going  on  surer  ground,  if  possible,  than  internal 
evidence,  though  of  that  he  felt  the  full  weight.  He  says,  he  knows 
every  man  in  Scotland  capable  of  producing  a  work  demonstrative  at  once 
of  l^rning  and  genius,  and  knows  only  one  mind  equal  to  this  work,  and 
his  impress  is  on  every  page.  Miss  H.,  a  friend  of  ours,  dined  on  Friday  at 
William  Erskine's  ;  he  is  the  fidus  ^(^aies  of  Walter  Scott :  the  poet  and 
his  mate  were  there,  as  also  the  laird  of  Staffa,  and  other  chiefs.  In  the 
evening  there  were  two  cantos  of  the  unpublished  Lord  of  the  Isles  read 
in  the  author's  presence.  Miss  H.  heard  them  praised,  and  thought 
them  worthy  of  the  applause  they  received  :  she  is  a  spectator  in  large 
companies,  but  a  shrewd  and  intelligent  observer,  and  carries  much  away, 
not  indeed  of  poetry.  This  is  the  bard's  great  work,  national  work  I  may 
Bay  J  for,  behold  !  is  not  the  battle  of  Bannockburn,  the  Leipsic  of  Scotland, 
^-recorded  therein  ?  If  his  success  equals  my  hopes,  we  shall  crown  him 
with  thistles  and  add  the  rampant  lion  to  his  coat  of  armour.  I  am 
dazzled  with  the  extract  yon  give  from  your  friend  Mr.  Sotheby,  who  has 
awaked  the  sleeping  Muse  of  Tragedy.  Joanna  Baillie's  are  fine  dramatic 
poems,  but  will  not  suit  the  stage  :  our  critic  was  near  sharing  the  fate  of 

*  This  accusation  of  **  Pantheism  **  has  been  brought  agahist  Thomson  in  his  Sea« 
sons,  as  well  as  against  Wordsworth,  in  both  cases  we  think  quite  erroneously,  by 
taking  single  insulated  passages  and  poetical  expressions  ;  a  mode  of  interpretation 
perhaps  of  all  most  fruitful  of  enror. 
2 


J844. 


Mr^,  Grant  of  Lapgan^ 


465 


I 


Orpheus,  for  his  censure  of  her  in  the  Edinburgh  Review  ;  the  ladies  here 
were  enraged  beyond  measure.  It  should  have  been  more  gently  ex- 
pressed, but  was  far  from  wrong.  Your  lines  fiotu  *  Ivan*  are  admirable, 
.  ,  .  Prpy  tell  me  more  of  Mr.  Sotheby's  cliaraeter  and  history,  I  received  a 
present  two  days  since  of  *  Discipline,'  a  new  work  by  Mrs.  Bruuton, 
anthor  of  Sclf-Coutrol»— J  now  know  and  like  her,  but  ana  not  sure  I  shall 
like  her  book/'  i^c. 

P  78,  **  What  has  most  interested  me  of  late,  has  been  a  visit  from 
Campbell,  the  sweet  Bard  of  Hope.  Vou  must  know  his  euclianliug  Ger- 
trude, his  Exile  of  Erin,  aud  other  nncqualled  Ijrics-  1  wish  I  could  share 
with  you  the  satisfaction  I  felt  in  seeing  him  cheerful,  happy,  artd  nuiver- 
sally  welcomed  ami  caressed  in  his  dear  **  Queeu  of  die  Nortir/'  from 
which  he  had  been  so  long  banished,  by  the  necessity  of  seeki ug  the 
bread  that  perisheth  elsewhere.  He  is  oue  who  has  suflTered  much,  from 
neither  understatidiu|;  the  world  uor  being  understood  by  it.  He  en- 
coantered  every  evil  of  poverty,  but  that  of  being  ashamed  of  his  circum- 
stances,^— in  that  respect  he  was  nobly  iudiffererit  to  opinion,  and  his 
good,  gentle,  patient  little  wife*  was  so  fiugaL  so  simple,  and  so  sweet- 
tempered,  that  she  disarmed  poverty  of  half  its  evils  This,  I  fear,  waa 
not  the  case  with  the  Bard  of  Hope,  whose  morbid  seusibility  wars  with 
the  kiud  and  generous  part  of  his  character,  and  who  began  the  world 
under  the  influence  of  those  violent  discontented  opinions  that  seem  to 
accuse  Heaven  of  iiijostiee,  because  the  wealth  of  mind  is  not  accompanied 
with  those  advantages  which  fat  contented  ignorance  often  attains*  aud 
very  jnstly.  because  it  patiently  labours  for  them.  Poor  Burns  had  a  great 
deal  tiTO  much  of  this-  ...  It  is  time  (  should  tell  you  the  Bard  is  now  come 
to  Scotland,  after  an  absence  of  thirteen  years,  to  receive  a  legacy  left  hitn 
by  a  grand  uncle.  You  cannot  think  how  much  every  one  is  delighted  : 
though  you  did  not  care  for  (^ampbell,  it  would  charm  you  to  see  people 
rejoice  so  cordially  in  his  acquisition.  He  has  visited  me  several  times,  and 
is  so  amusing  and  so  original ;  his  admiration  of  other  people's  genius,  too, 
is  so  generous,  Scolt,  though  of  different  opinions,  he  regards  with 
fond  and  high  admiration  :  so  it  seems  does  Lord  Byron.  Truly  great 
men  must  have  a  congenial  attraction  for  each  other.  The  great  English 
morahst  is  only  an  exception  that  confirms  the  rule.  After  being  starved 
for  30  years,  married  to  Tetty,  and  afflicted  with  perpetual  il!  health,  it 
is  more  wonderful  that  any  benevolence  remained,  than  that  all  suavity 
should  have  been  dried  up  with  Johnson,"  Ac. 

P,  1 19.  *'  What  fihull  J  tell  you  of  literary  novelty  from  this  scribbling 
city  ?  The  last  subject  of  discussion  is  a  new  poem  by  Dr,  Thomas 
Brown,  and  called  the  '  Wanderer  of  Norway.*  You  do  not  know  Dr- 
Brown  }  Well,  then,  he  fills — worthily  they  say — the  chair  of  the  bene- 
volent philosopher  Dugald  Stewart.  He  has  great  fertility  of  mind,  and 
delightful  variety  of  intelligence  and  playfulness  in  bis  conversation,  which, 
in  the  long  run,  conquers  the  prejudice  resulting  from  a  manner  so  affected 
and  so  odd  that  there  is  no  describing  it.  His  lectures,  I  am  told,  are  beau- 
tiful ;  he  published  poems  long  ago,  but  they  were  too  metaphysical  for 
common  use  or  ordinary  comprehensions.*     He   is  the  very  best  of  sons 


*  Dr.  TboinAi  Brown  dird  of  decline  at  KeastDgtOQ,  we  believe,  when  not  muck 
above  40  years  old.  We  tbink  ii  Ufe  of  Uim  has  been  published.  His  Lectures  wiB 
be  ititl  read  for  tbcir  philosophical  scuteness  aud  their  elegance.  Hit  poetrj  haa 
long  since  pasaed  to  the  repositorj  of  the  dead.     Sir  James  Mackintosh  aaid  of  hia 

Gent,  Mac.  Vol,  XXI.  3  0 


466  Mtmoir  and  Onretpimdmce  of  CM*S^ 

tad  brotbers.  This  description  is  meant  to  introdnce  the  first  thing  thai 
meets  yoor  eye  in  case  yon  see  the  poem  ;  it  is  a  dedication  to  his  mother. 
• ...  I  shoald  have  told  yon  that  '  The  Wanderer  of  Norway '  is  founded 
on  the  hard-fated  Mary  Wolstencroft*s  beautiful  letters  from  that  country^ 
to  which  her  rich  though  gloomy  imagination,  her  deep  feelinffs^  and  the 
dark  mist  through  which  her  bewildered  mind  seems  wandenng,  give  a 
painful  interest,  not,  I  should  think,  to  be  heightened  by  poetry,*  &c. 

P.  148.  *'  I  am  quite  of  your  opinion  as  to  the  too  uniform  splendour 
of  Felicia  Hemans.  She  keeps  us  hovering  constantly  on  the  wing,  like 
birds  of  paradise,  for  want  of  a  perch  to  repose  upon.  This  cannot  be  said 
of  the  honest  Lake  poets.  You  may  there  find  obscure  and  languid  places 
where  you  may  not  only  pereh  but  nod  till  some  of  those  beautiful  passages 
which  redeem  the  poppy-covered  waste,  occur  to  wake  you.  Did  ever  I 
ttU  yon  of  one  of  said  poets  we  have  in  town  here,  indeed  one  of  oar 
intimates,  the  most  provoking  creature  imaginable  >  He  is  young,  hand* 
some,  wealthy,  witty ;  has  great  learning,  exuberant  spirits,  a  wife  and 
children  that  he  doats  on,  (cireumstances  one  would  think  consoli- 
dating,) and  no  vice  that  I  know,  but,  on  the  contrary,  virtuous  feelings 
and  principles,  yet  his  wonderful  eccentricity  would  put  anybody  but  his 
wife  wild.  She,  I  am  conrinced,  was  actually  made  on  purpose  for  her 
husband,  and  has  that  kind  of  indescribable  controlling  influence  over  him 
that  Catharine  is  said  to  have  had  over  that  wonderful  savage  the  Czar 
Pteter.  Pray  look  in  the  last  Edinburgh  Reriew,  and  read  the  favourable 
article  on  John  Wilson's  City  of  the  Plague, — he  is  the  person  in  question ; 
and  had  any  one  less  in  favour  with  them  built  such  a  city  in  the  regioo 
of  fancy,  and  peopled  it  in  the  same  manner^  they  would  have  plagued 
him  most  efifectuaily,'*  drc. 

P.  1 63.  "  I  must  not  omit  an  anecdote,  better  than  my  own,  about  kissing 
hands.  A  young  lady  from  England,  very  ambitious  of  distinction,  and 
thinking  the  outrageous  admiration  of  genius  was  nearly  as  good  as  the 
possession  of  it,  was  presented  to  Walter  Scott,  and  had  very  nearly  gone 
through  the  regular  forms  of  swooning  sensibility  on  the  occasion.  Eieing 
afterwards  introduced  to  Mr.  Henry  Mackenzie,  she  bore  it  better,  but 
kissed  his  hand  with  admiring  veneration.  It  is  worth  telling  for  the 
sake  of  Mr.  Scott*s  comment  *,  he  said,  '  Did  you  ever  hear  the  like  of 
that  English  lass,  to  faint  at  the  sight  of  a  cripple  clerk  of  session,  and 
kiss  the  dry  withered  hand  of  an  old  tax-gatherer  ?" 

P.  200.  "  Most  of  our  great  towns  are  so  fortunate  as  to  have  some 
piece  of  light  sandy  ground  in  the  vicinity,  which  produces  onlv  furze  and 
broom,  and  becomes  valuable  from  its  very  defects,  affording  always  a  dry 
walk.  The  links  of  Edinburgh  are  also  the  gymnasium  of  the  city,  the 
place  for  boyish  sports  and  manly  exereises.  Here  the  ymppinschaws 
were  held  of  old  )  and  here  the  good  citizens  pursue  the  flying  ball,  in 
the  ancient  mode  of  the  golf.  On  the  south  side  of  these  links  are  the 
frugal  villas  of  the  hist  race  of  the  Edinburgh  citizens,  the  old  castle  of 
Merchiston,  where  Lord  Napier  formed  his  k)gurithms,  the  shaded  modest 
dwelling  where  Robertson  wrote  his  history,  another  very  near  it  where 
Adam  Smith*  composed  the  works  that  perpetuate  his  name,  and  several 

work  on  Cause  and  Effect,  **  that,  in  his  humble  opinion,  it  entitled  Brown  to  a  place 
veiT  yery  near  the  first  among  the  living  meUphysfcians  of  Great  Britain." 

*  It  is  much  to  be  lamented  that  Dngald  Stewart,  from  some  motiye  perhaps  of  de- 
licacy, or  perhaps  constructing  his  biography  on  a  diflbrent  principle,  neglected  to  use, 


Mn,  Grant  of  Laggwi^  46  7 

otber  quiet  abodes^  witliout  any  ornament  but  groups  of  ancient  trees  that 
mrround  tliein,  that  yet  seem  hauoted  by  the  illustrious  shades  of  their 
former  inhabltaDU.  Beyond  these  the  Pentland  hills  form  a  fine  screen  to 
the  wcfitward.  I  should  add,  to  finish  the  picture,  that  the  Pisgah  of 
Edinburgh,  Blackford  Hill,  fro4u  whence  AJariuion  surveyed  the  Scotch 
army,  is  near  the  scene  I  have  descrihed  /'  &c. 

P.  207.  "  You  ask  lue  of  Crabl>e"8  Tales  of  the  HalL  What  ehall  I 
•ay  of  his  merits,  when  I  begin  by  confessing  that  his  very  fautts  delight 
tne  ?  All  his  quaintness,  his  elaborate  minuteness,  and  his  oddities  of 
style,  come  to  my  eight  like  the  moles  and  freckle*  in  a  dear  friend's  face, 
which  1  should  be  sorry  to  see  removed.  I  seem  to  know  his  dra* 
matis  perstftue  intimately.  How  charming,  yet  how  wounding,  the  sisters 
Lucy  and  Jane  !  U  hat  case,  and  grace,  and  interest  in  Richard's  detail  of 
his  childish  feelings,  and  the  tueidcnis  of  after-life  ;  and  then  the  old  ba* 
chelor.  w hose  dog  was  so  angry  that  he  would  not  shoot,  is  iuimitable,  .  .  . 
I  could  tell  you  a  great  deal  about  Crabbers  very  self  if  I  bad  time,  and  you 
cared  to  hear/* 

P.  2^.  *'  Our  thoughts,  and  indeed  those  of  the  Edinburgh  public  in 
geoeralt  have  beeti  much  engrossed  of  late  by  one  of  those  irreparable  pri- 
vations to  which  I  have  alluded*  I'he death  of  Mrs.  Brunton,  the  authoresa 
of  Sclf-Control  and  DUcipimt;,  under  circumstances  most  aggravating  to 
those  nearly  concerned,  and  painful  to  the  feelings  of  her  numerous  friends 
and  admirers>  has  produced  a  deep  and  universal  sensation.  Her  character 
has  been  so  ably  and  truly  delineated  in  the  public  prints,  that  nothing 
can  be  added  to   her  praise   by  me^  who  knew  and  loved  her  muchj  and 


we  believe  deatrojed,  very  carioafl  particulars  reUting  to  Adam  Sm!th,  which  had 
b««ii  commanicated  to  him.  MsdBme  Riccoboni,  who  w»b  a  very  good  judge  of 
DiauQeni,  and  a  diligent  ob«enrer  of  Bocietj,  u&ed  highly  to  praise  the  mannert  and 
choj-acter  of  Smith.  It  is  said  that  Adam  Sioith  diet  at  fd  his  wri  tings ,  and  that  dug 
mode  of  composition  maj  he  dittioguished  by  a  peculiarity  of  style.  A  carious  passage 
omitted  \d  hU  Moral  SentimentSr  waa  first  prioCed  by  Dr.  Chalmers  in  hie  Bridgewater 
Treatise,  toI.  ii.  p,  ?94'6.  This  eloqaent  work  was  translated  into  French  by  the 
widow  of  the  celebnted  Coodorcet.  We  have  never  beard  it  remarked  by  any  one 
thai  many  parts  of  this  beatiie  are  almost  translationi  from  the  Ethics  of  Aristotle;. 
Smith's  absence  of  mind,  so  remarkable  aa  to  appear  hardly  consistent  with  saoityt  is 
not  yet  forgotten  in  the  literary  circlc»  of  Scotlaad,  though  we  know  hut  one  person 
now  &li?e  who  enjoyed  bis  acquaintaace.  We  must  giTe  one  remarkable  instance  of 
it.  Adam  Smith  was  a  eommtsaioDer  of  the  Board  of  Ctistome!.  To  this  board  was 
attached  a  porter,  id  a  acarkt  gown,  with  a  staff  of  office.  When  a  commissioner 
enteredi  the  custom  waa  for  the  porter  to  salute  with  his  staff,  and  then  precede  him 
to  the  hoard -room.  This  had  been  repeated  before  Smith  for  years  in  the  usual 
manner ;  but  one  dny  be  came  to  the  board  apparently  only  in  the  body,  his  mind 
being  left  in  some  deep  theory  in  his  study  at  home.  As  he  entered,  the  porter  drew 
ap  and  ehoutdered  his  staff;  Smith,  earnestly  watching  him,  immediatelT  did  the 
tame  with  his  cane,  holding  it  with  both  batida,  as  a  soldier  doee  hii  muiket.  The 
astonished  porter  then  lowered  his  ensign  of  command  i  Smith  did  the  same.  He 
then  ttepl  back  to  let  the  commteutioner  pa»s ;  Smith  also  retreated.  The  officer  then 
moTffd  up  stairs  with  his  staff  adranced  at  length  ;  Smith  marched  behind  him,  holding 
his  eane  in  the  same  poaition,  intently  anxious  in  watching  where  the  porter  placed  his 
le^  on  the  stairs,  and  himself  choosing  the  same  spot  for  his.  When  they  arrived 
at  the  door  of  the  room,  the  porter  saluted  tlie  plulosopher  witli  his  staff,  bowed  very 
obaequiously,  and  retired ;  all  which  motions  Smith  imitated  with  the  utmost  serious - 
Besa  aod  attention.  It  was  only  when  a  fnend  spoke  to  him,  that  the  enchantment 
waa  ^rokio  up,  aod  the  sage  restored  to  his  eeaaee*  We  rqgret  to  state  that  the 
«ianiiaeri|ita;  left  by  Dngahl  Stewart  have  been  intentloBally  de;iCrofed,  a  less  the 
neatncas  of  which  it  is  tmposaible  to  meaaarep  aad  th«  motiva  that  led  to  it  it  w<mld 


Mimm  and  Corrtipcndince  of  l^^Y* 

and  brothera^  This  dasciiplion  \a  mtAnt  to  ititroduoe  the  first  tbing  that 
meeU  your  eye  in  ease  you  see  the  poem  ;  it  is  a  dedtcatton  to  his  mother. 
«...  1  ftbould  have  told  yon  that  '  The  Wanderer  of  Norway '  is  fotrnded 
ou  the  hard*futed  Mary  U'ols  ten  croft's  beantiful  letters  from  that  ooimtry, 
to  which  her  rich  tbocgb  gloomy  imagination,  her  deep  feelings,  and  the 
dark  mist  through  which  her  bewildered  mind  seems  waDdering,  give  a 
painful  interest,  not,  I  should  think,  to  be  heightened  by  poetry,*   &c. 

F.  \4S*  **  1  am  quite  of  your  opinion  as  to  the  too  aniform  splendoar 
of  FeUcta  Hemaos.  She  keeps  us  hovering  constantly  on  the  wing,  like 
birtis  of  paradtae.  for  want  of  a  perch  to  repose  upon.  This  cannot  be  said 
of  the  honest  Lake  poets.  You  may  there  6nd  obscure  and  languid  plaoea 
where  you  may  not  only  perch  but  nod  till  some  of  those  beantiful  passages 
which  redeem  the  poppy-covered  waste,  occur  to  wake  you.  Did  ever  I 
tell  yon  of  one  of  said  poets  we  have  in  town  here,  indeed  one  of  oar 
iitiiiiatea^  the  most  proix>kiug  creature  imaginable  >  He  is  young,  hand* 
some,  wealthy,  witty  ]  has  great  learning,  exuberant  sfiirits,  a  wife  and 
ehildren  that  he  doota  ofi,  (circumstances  one  would  think  consoli- 
dating,) and  no  %Tce  tliat  I  know,  but,  on  the  contrary,  virtuous  feelings 
and  principles,  yet  his  pronderful  eccentricity  would  put  anybody  bat  his 
wife  wild.  8he,  I  am  coufincedt  was  actually  made  on  purpoae  lor  ber 
husbands  and  has  that  kind  of  indescribable  controlling  io0iieBC0  Offer  Itiai 
ibal  Catharine  is  said  to  have  had  ofcr  that  wonderful  savag*  llie  Csar 
IVter.     Pray  look  in  the  last  Edinburgh  Review,  and  read  tbe  faroarable 

artkk  on  John  Wilson's  tity  of  the  Phkgoe,— he  is  the  persoo  in  qoestion  ; 

iad  kad  any  oatt  leas  in  favour  with  them  built  such  a  city  in  the  region 

ol  hmcff  wifd  peopled  it  in  the  same  manner,  tbey  would  have  pla^fued 

Urn  M0I  dbetaally/'  ^c. 
P,  1 6a«  *'  1  ami  ttot  <MBtr  m  anecdote,  better  than  my  < 

hands.     A  yo«V  hAf  fnm  £a^iand,  very  ambitious  of 

Uuakiag  the  oulnfeoiia  adiiiifaiiou  of  genius  was  ncaHf 

paaaMiioti  of  it,  waa  preaenled  to  Walter  ScotI,  and  badj 

ihfMigti  the  r^nlar  foraaa  of  swooning  sensibility  on  '" 

allarwardi  iatroduced  to  Mr.  Henry^  Mackenzie, 

kiaatd  bis  hand  with  admiring  veneration* 

take  of  Mr.  Scott's  comment  \  ka  said.  '  Did  , 

thai  Engliah  laas,  to  faint  at  Uie  akbt  of  a 

kii*  the  dry  withered  hand  of  an  m  ta.\  | 
P.  2U0.  *•  Most  of  our  great  towns  are 

piece  of  light  sandy  gtonnd  in  the  vicintijJ 

tkroom,  and  t)rcomes  valuable  from  its  ^ 

walk.    The  h»k$  of  Kdinbufgh  are  i 

place  for  boytsk  sports  and  manly  exe 

w«re  btld  of  okt  \    and  here  tJia  good  i 

tbe  andeni  mode  of  the  golf.     On  the 

fmgal  villas  of  ibe  last  race  of  the 

Mefchktoa.  where  Lotd  Napier  formed^ 

dwelling  where  Robertaoii  wrote  his 

Adam  Snuth*  compoeed  tbe  vtorks  liiat  1 


wert  on  Cmam  sad  Eibelt ' 

vtfy  ^afy  nesv  tne  acsl  smei 

•  It  Is  mck  la  bt  hmm 


that,  hi  hk 
f  thaEvi^ 


468  Memoir  and  Correapondenct  of  C^*y> 

would  have  lived  in  the  most  cordial  intimacy  with  her  had  circumstances 
admitted ;  bnt  her  spending  the  summer  in  the  country,  seven  miles  off, 
and  in  winter  our  inhabiting  the  extreme  opposite  parts  in  the  town,  pre- 
vented onr  meeting  as  often  as  we  wished.  We  did  meet^  however,  as  often 
as  we  could  at  home,  and  frequently  in  third  places.  One  consolation  1  have 
which  does  not  seem  to  be  taken  into  account  by  others  -,  it  is  looking 
back  on  the  peculiar  and  very  superior  degree  of  happiness  which  she  en- 
joyed here,  resulting  from  a  clear  conscience,  and  a  life  spent  in  the  active 
and  unwearied  exercise  of  beneficence,  a  cordial  and  vital  piety  that  was 
too  much  a  part  of  herself  to  be  worn  outwardly  in  the  way  of  display,  a 
rigorous  and  powerful  mind  above  disguise  or  littleness  of  any  kind  -,  a 
constant,  unvaried  cheerfulness,  not  the  result  of  mere  animal  spirits,  but 
of  true  wisdom  and  content ;  an  excellent  husband,  loving  and  beloved, 
and  sufficiency  for  her  modest  wishes.  I  might  add  that  she  combined  with 
the  treasures  of  a  cultivated  intellect  the  capacity  for  most  judicious  and 
regular  family  management.  She  was  not  merely  happy  in  what  she  pos- 
sessed, but  in  what  she  had  not }  she  had  not  the  least  shadow  of  pride, 
that  makes  so  many  odious,  nor  of  vanity,  that  makes  so  many  ridiculous, 
and  worse  than  ridiculous  ;  consequently  she  had  not  a  shade  of  pretence 
or  affectation.  I  really  never  knew  a  person  more  perfectly  natural  in 
manner  or  language  ;  judge  how  much  she  must  have  been  beloved.  One 
privation  she  felt  at  first  keenly,  but  very  early  brought  her  mind  to 
submit  to  it  with  cheerful  resignation — it  was  the  want  uf  offspring.  After 
being  nineteen  years  married,  this  only  wish  seemed  to  be  granted. 
Every  one  rejoiced,  and  many  thought  this  was  granted  to  her  as  a  tem- 
poral reward  for  her  generous  anfl  tender  care  for  the  forlorn  and  helpless 
children  of  others  in  various  instances.  Why  should  I  tell  of  our  hopes 
and  joys  on  this  occasion  ?  After  three  days  of  great  suffering,  she  gave 
Urth  to  a  still-born  child.  She  insisted  on  seeing  it,  held  its  hand,  and 
said, '  The  feeling  this  hand  has  caused  to  my  heart  will  never  leave  it.* 
Shortly  after  a  relative  came  and  spoke  tenderly  of  her  loss  ^  in  her  plain 
strontf  way  she  said, '  There  was  nothing  so  dear  to  me  as  my  child,  and 
I  make  my  Saviour  welcome  to  it.*  After  this  she  never  mentioned  it, 
and  seemed  to  go  on  well  for  a  few  days,  when  she  was  attacked  with 
fever,  which  soon  terminated  fatally.  I  leave  you  to  imagine  what  I  cannot 
describe — the  sorrow  of  her  husband.'* 

P.  223.  "  As  to  Blackwood's  Magazine,  it  is  somewhat  odd  that  all  the 
wits  (for  wits  they  certainly  are)  engaged  in  that  work  should  be  from  the 
west  of  Scotland.  Lauren  winkle,  and  all  the  contributions  of  the  same 
masterly  hand,  are  attributed  to  John  Lockhart,  the  son  of  one  of  the 
ministers  of  Glasgow.  He  is  a  handsome  gentlemanlike  young  man,  in  com- 
pany reserved  and  silent,  yet  evidently  a  diligent  observer.  Mr.  Thomas 
Hamilton,  younger  brother  to  Sir  William,  is  the  author  of  the  Memoirs  of 
Ensign  O'Doherty.  The  other  West-country  people  are  John  Wilson,  the 
'  Isle  of  Palms,'  as  he  is  called  here,  a  man  of  genius  and  talents,  much 
goodness  of  heart,  and  considerable  eccentricity.  He  lived  some  time  at 
the  English  lakes,  where  he  still  has  property,  and  is  a  disciple  and  great 
admirer  of  Wordsworth.  His  younger  brother  James  is,  I  tbink,  at  least 
equal  to  him  both  in  talent  and  judgment,  and  possesses  a  sort  of  peculiar 
quiet  humour  which  is  irresistible.  Mr.  Robert  Sym,  maternal  uncle 
of  John  Wilson,  writes  the  letters  from  Timothy  Tickler  to  Hogg  and 
others,  which  vou  would  tbink  very  good  did  you  know  the  parties.  I 
would  say  much  of  Wordsworth  if  1  had  time ;  he  certainly  has  a  head  of 


1844.] 


Mt8~  Grant  of  Laggan* 


469 
I  IhiDk 


I 


gold,  but  his  feet  are  of  clay,  with  little  or  no  mixture  of  Iron 
lie  must  liave  written  Lis  poem  of  *'Tlie  White  Doe"  with  these  clay  feet  of 
his.  There  is  something  ao  pure  and  lofty  in  his  conceptions — he  views 
external  nature  so  entirely  with  a  poet  5  eye,  and  has  so  little  of  tlic  taint 
of  worldly  minds,  that  I  grieve  when  I  find  him  wandering  through  the 
trackless  wilds  of  metaphysics^  where  I  cannot  follow  hiin»  or  in  the  lower 
and  too  obvious  pathjj  of  clnldish  tuanitVi  where  I  wish  not  to  accompany 
him/'  &c. 

P.  247.  "The  morning  before  we  left  Edinburgh  we  had  the  Laureate 
to  breakfast,  that  being  the  only  time  he  conld  afford  to  us.  I  had  Jaoies 
^\'ilson  to  meet  him,  a  younger  and  graver  brother  of  the  Isle  of  Palms. 
When  I  speak  of  gravitVi  I  mean  the  grave  couuteuance  with  which  he 
says  things  irresittibly  ludicrous  ;  he  is  In  fact  the  anthor  of  some  of  the 
best,  at  least  the  moat  refined,  wit  in  Blackwood's  Magazine*  But  to 
return  to  the  Laureate,  I  like  him  eKceedtngly :  he  has  the  finest  poetical 
countenance,  features  unusually  high,  and  somewhat  strong  though  regular; 
a  quantity  of  busliy  black  hair  worn  carelessly,  but  not  with  affected 
negligence;  deep  set,  but  very  animated,  bluck  eyes  ;  and  a  countenance 
serious  and  collected,  but  kindling  into  ardour  when  animated  in  conver- 
sation. 1  have  heard  Southey  called  silent  and  constrained  ;  I  did  not 
find  him  so  :  he  talked  easily  and  much,  without  seeming  in  the  least  con- 
sequential, or  saying  a  single  word  for  effect  j  on  the  contrary,  he  con- 
verses with  the  feeling  and  earnestness  of  one  who  speaks  not  to  flourisli 
in  conversation  J  but  to  relieve  a  full  mind  from  subjects  of  frequent ' 
meditation.  .  *  .  If  you  ask  me  about  Southey's  singular  and  most  laudable 
household,  1  will  tell  you  in  some  future  letter  of  what  will  surprise  and 
please  you,  in  regard  to  the  very  sweetness  of  his  benevolence,"  6tc. 

P.  258.  *^  Miss  Joanna  Bailtie  and  her  sister  fouod  means  to  pay  roe  a 
long  forenoon  visit,  when  we  had  a  good  deal  of  quiet  conversation*     Mrs, 
Baillie  (for  so  her  elder  sister  chooses  to  be  distinguished)  people  like  lu 
their  hearts  better   than  Mrs.  Joanna,  though  they  would  not  for  the 
world  say  so,  thinking  that  it  would  argue  great  want  of  taste  not  to  prefer  | 
Melpomene,     I,  for  my  part,  would  greatly  prefer  the  muse  to  walk  in  a 
wood  or  sit  in  a  bower  with  j   but  in  that  wearisome  farce,  a  large  party, 
Agnes   acts   her   part  much    better.      The   seriousness,  simplicity,   and 
thoughtfulness  of  Joanna's   manners  overawe  you  from  talking  common- 
place to  her  ;   and  as   for  preteusiou,  or  talking  fine,  you  vvould  as  sooa 
think  of  giving  yourself  airs  before  an  apostle,     She  is  mild  and  placid,  • 
but  makes  no  effort  either  to  please  or  shine.     She  will  neither  dazzle  nor  ' 
be  dazzled  \  yet,  like  others  of  the  higher  class  of  mind,  is  very  indulgent  ia.' 
her  opinions  j  what  passes  before  lier  seems  rather  food  for  thought  than  j 
mere  amusement.     In  short,  she  is  not  merely  a  woman  of  talent  but  of^ 
genius,  which  is  a  very  different  thing,  and  very  unlike  any  other  thing, 
which  is  the  reason  that  I  have  taken   so  much  pains  to  describe  \\tu\ 
Joanna's    conversation   is    rather    below   her    abilities,    justifying    JjOrdl 
Gardeustone  s  maxim,    '  that  true  genius  is    ever  modest   and   careless/  i 
Agnes  unconsciously  talks  above  herself,  merely  from  a  wish  to  please,  and 
a  habit  of  living  among  her  intellectual  superiors,     I  should  certaiuly  have 
liked  and  respected  Joanna,  as  a  person  singularly  natural  and  genuine, 
though  she  had  never  written  a  tragedy.     I  am  net  at  all  sure  that  this  it 
the  case  with  most  others,"  &.c* 

P.  310. '« 1  am  going  to  speak  of  one  whose  Correspondence  I  have  1 


D  01  the  noDie  wit  Das  not  oeea  ireiy 
I  of  this  kind  are  totally  defideot  in  ease 
h  ftocfa  Tertes  preteod.  If  nalore  Made 
)ed  to  aay  a  mistake  bad  placed  kni  ki 


470  Mewioir  mmd  C§rfmpomimiei  of  tHV» 

reading,  even  of  Hoimoe  Walpole,*  the  witty,  tke  ingenioos,  the  aaoMig, 
the  selfish,  the  Tain,  the  heartless^  and  the  Godless.  All  this  he  wae»  and 
Boreover  a  declared  and  virulent  Whig,  yet  endently  oonsideriDg  '  the 
people'  as  scarcely  of  the  same  spedes  with  himself ;  pntfessing  popukr 
opinions  with  more  aristocratic  feelings  and  manners  than  any  other  hmd  of 
iht  same  reach  of  nnderstanding.  His  temper  was  gay  and  easy,  aBd  the 
posscised  all  the  gilding  and  polish  of  oonrt  manners,  with  a  good 
portion  of  talent,  yet  sense  enough  to  know  that  he  coold  by  no  meeee 
take  his  place  in  the  first  ranks  of  the  aristocracy  of  genios,  and  he  was  too 
mvch  a  noble  to  be  satnfied  with  ranking  in  the  second  ;  so  he  cooteeted 
hiouelf  with  being  a  kind  of  virtoooo,  and  writing  scraps  of  poetry  in  the 
French  style  of  gay,  witty,  vtr$  de  UKtHi^  the  only  style  of  poetry  ui 
which  they  excel,  llie  emulation  of  the  noble  wit  has  not  been  veiy 
SQCcessful,  for  all  his  courtly  trifles  <  ^ 
and  grace,  the  only  merits  to  which  ( 
any  mistakes,  one  woukl  be  tempted 

England,  for  certainly  no  Englishman  ever  had  so  much  of  the  French 
character  and  taste.  He  seems  to  me  always  most  at  home  in  Fiance, 
and  it  must  be  albwed  that  no  Englishman  ever  wrote  letters  wiUi  seek 
light  and  playful  felicity.  Yon  are  gobg  to  silence  me  with  Cmcper^  the 
darm  of  whose  elegance,  purity,  and  gentle  pleasantry  have  long  delighlsd 
me ;  but  I  speak  onlv  of  talent.  You  are  fascbated  with  Horace  • 
amusing  powers,  his  taknt  and  vivacity,  though  you  see,  at  the  bottom  of 
all,  a  selfish  sceptical  character,  who,  measuring  others  by  himself,  believes 
not  in  the  existence  of  generosity  or  any  human  virtue.  Now  with  Cowper 
it  is  the  reverse  \  it  is  himself,  the  charming  character  of  the  amiable  and 
hallowed  recluse,  unveiled  in  his  letters,  that  forms  their  chief  attraction. 
The  powers  must  however  be  great,  in  the  other  case,  that  fix  your 
attention  to  the  careless  efinslons  of  one  whom  you  can  neither  esteem 
nor  love.  Yon  will  however  receive  much  entertainment  from  Horace 
Walpole*s  Letters,  and  also  considerable  information — shall  I  add  edifica- 
tkm  ?  Yes  ;  for  it  is  good  to  know  how  little  the  work!  has  to  give  to  ito 
votaries,  and  how  sad  is  the  decline  of  life  without  some  fairer  prospects  to 
light  its  gloom  than  the  world  has  to  bestow/* 

Vol.  III.  p.  9.  "  I  was  persuaded  to  dine  out  yesterday.  It  might 
almost  be  called  a  dinner  of  anthers  and  artists :  at  the  head  of  the  wst 
was  Sir  Henry  Raebnm,  and  of  the  first  John  Wilson^if,  indeed,  the 
benign  influence  of  Dr.  Brewster's  BMxlest  worth  did  not  chdm  pre* 
eedence.  There  was  much  good  and  lively  talk  at  dinner,  and  some  good 
music  in  the  evening.     I  never  saw  the  hard  and  tedy  appear  to  such 


•  The  press  has  of  kte  jmn  powfjd  fertfi  ■•■"S!?.**^?^'  "^  IK^***^ 
sad  opioid,  and  sketcbet  of  Honuje  Wslpole,  both  Whif  and  T0J7.  favourrfile  md 
disparannR.  Aome  composed  with  knowledge,  iome  with  impartiahty ;  but  these  haye 
SCTved  their  turn  and  are  forgotten ;  while  two  murterly  portraits  of  hUn,  taken  at  dif- 
ferent periods  of  his  Kfe,  and  written  bodi  In  toreign^igasgej^win  remain  to  per. 
petnateUietmthofUielikeaemsndAetateatof^writew.  "»*»^Coa,ers 
MUklleton,  wiU  be  found  preftied  to  his  QMsdam  Monamenta,  Ac.  and  bears  tbe  tea- 
tInoBT  of  that  accomplished  schoUr  to  Walpole's  early  attainments  and  adauntion  of 
art ;  the  necond  is  byMadame  da  Deffand,  written  in  1776,  of  which  era^  Bne  shows 
the  fine  taste,  feeling,  and  sapdty  of  the  writer.  ^^<»1<««  «5**^  ^  y^,«»« 
impression  of  the  whole  Ufar  fh)m  pleaaiii|.  Gibbon  caDed  Was  "  the  iynieas 
triflsr  ;'*  we  woadsr  that  as  enemy  hit  npsiTas  fli|»msiioa^'  Ls  sahlims  dn  fttvsls/' 


ISU.J 


Mrs.  Grant  ofLn^gon, 


471 


advantage.  .  .  There  is  a  very  cle^Tit  and  pleasing  book^  tlie  title  of 
whicli  I  do  not  reinembcrj  it  is  fviitteii  by  a  son  of  Mr«  Adolphne  tbe 
barrister^*  a  youth  about  twenty-two,  and  contains  tlie  result  of  more 
reading  and  reflection,  more  delicacy  of  taste  and  accuracy  of  judgmeotj 
than  one  would  suppose  attainable  at  that  early  period.  It  is  moreover 
rery  entertaining,  which  you  will  wonder  at,  when  you  know  that  the 
whole  purport  of  tlie  volume  i»  lo  show  the  impossibility  of  the  Scotch 
novels  being  written  by  any  one  but  the  author  of  Marmion.  If  your 
brother  has  not  seen  them,  Simond's  Travels  must  a^ord  him  not  merely 
amusement,  but  new  artd  impartial  views  of  many  things  which  are  too 
familiar  to  ns  to  strike  observation  or  awake  reflection.  1  know  no  book 
of  the  kind  which  contains  so  much  sense  and  truth*  I  speak  of  the  Tour 
in  Britain.  That  iti  Switzerland  has  the  sanii;  attractionSj  only  that  the 
history  and  policy  of  the  little  cantons  possess  no  lively  interest ;  but, 
where  he  merely  tells  what  he  sees  and  feeU,  your  attention  is  chained 
down  by  tbe  powers  of  genius  and  sensibility/'  &c. 

P.  14.  **  I  have  been  agreeably  interrupted  by  a  much  valued  and  pretty 
frequent  visiter — Mr.  Henry  Mackenzie,  who  is  more  animated,  more  cor- 
rectly informed,  and  pleasant,  than  any  young  person  1  know.  Apropos 
to  what  is  very  pleasant,  very  lively,  and  full  of  sense  and  information :  if 
you  find  time  or  inclination  to  read  ii  small  volume,  ask  for  the  lately  pub- 
lished Life  of  John  Home,  by  Henry  Mackenxictf  It  will  give  you  a 
distinct  and  faithful  picture  of  the  society  and  manners  of  Edinburgh,  at 
the  period  when  it  first  rose  to  distinction  from  the  number  of  liighly- 
gifted  persons  who  adorned  every  profession,  and  shed  a  lustre  on  the 
land  of  their  nativity.  .  .  .  Have  you  heard  any  thing  of  a  book 
which  everybody  (meaning  every  idle  Athenian  eager  for  novelty)  is  now 
reading  ?  It  is  called  the  *'  Confesaions  of  an  English  Opium-eater/' 
Many  strange  things  and  persons  have  I  encountered  in  my  journey 
through  life,  and  among  the  rest  this  same  opium-cater,  I  spent  an  idle 
half  day  talking  with  him  fourteen  years  ago  in  London,  when  he  was  a 
student  at  Oxford,  and  met  liim  once  since,  i  directly  recognised  him 
through  the  thin  disguise  in  his  book  :  I  am  since  assured  that  I  have  not 
been  mistaken.  Ask  more  about  him,  if  you  have  any  taste  remaining  for 
oddities,"  &c. 

P.  34.  "  Wliat  a  being  must  Cow  per  have  been  that  could  excite  such 
a  pure  and  fervent  attachment  j  and  how  much  beyond  the  conception  of 
ordinary  minds  was  the  tenderness,  the  constancy,  the  fortitude,  and« 
above  ali,  the  faith  of  \\m  blessed  woman  !  Lady  Hesketh,  the  good^  the 
generous,  and  the  amiable,  tried  to  till  her  place,  but  sank  under  it.  Mias 
Fanshawe,  wlio  was  with  Lady  H.  in  the  last  months  of  her  life,  told  me 
that  she  never  recovered  tbe  miserable  winter  she  spent  with  her  beloved 
cousin,"  8t,c. 

P*31?»  ''Speaking  of  books,  we  have  been  all  much  engaged  with  Jeremy 
Taylor  of  late.  Tljerc  is  a  new  edition,  preceded  by  an  admirable  Hfe, 
by  that  ^most  admirable  person  Reginald  Hebcr.     Read  it  by  all  means  \ 


Theie  Letters  by  Mr.  Adolphus  were  dedicated  to  Mr.  Ricbftrd  Ueber,  and  were 
written  with  much  eleveraeBS  and  iogeDulty.     After  resdiag  theon,  little  dx>abt  could 


exijt^Q  tlie  mind  of  any  one  regordifig  the  Author  of  Waverly, 

e,  by  Henry  Mackenzie,  wai  reviewed  bj  Sir  Walter  Scott 
in  the  Quarterlj  Review,  and  tbe  critique  contains,  as  Mr«  Lock  hart  aaysj  **  i  ndi 


t  Thb  Life  of  John  Home, 


chapter  of  Scott^s  early  reauniicenoea.'' 


H  vii4ipwt;i:  ' 


m 


Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  Mrs.  Grani. 


O^n 


sticli  sound  opinions^  most  happily  yet  simply  expressed,  so  much  lenrntog 
"Without  pedantry,  and  research  without  tedioosneBS,  so  much  piety  Hitlioat 
dogfii  litis  III  or  bigotry,  arc  rarely  met  with.*^  He — this  eminent  divine — 
goes  to  Calcutta  in  the  very  spirit  of  martyrdom  ;  he  carries  all  these  fine 
and  consecrated  talents,  all  that  wealth  of  knowledge,  and  that  jiower  of 
genius,  to  a  region  where  they  will  be  comparatively  little  understood  or 
appreciated.  You  know,  pcrhapg,  tliat  he  goes  out  as  Bishop.  Mr* 
Canning,  who  greatly  loves  and  admires  him,  urges  him  to  stay  for  tht 
first  vacant  Engliali  bislioprick.  His  brother,  who  has  a  large  estate,  and 
has  no  heirs,  is  equally  averse  to  his  going  j   but  the  highest  and  finrest 

I  motives  urge  him  to  spend  and  be  spent  in  the  service  of  his  Master."  &c. 
I  P-  57.  '*  Now  to  speak  of  books,  Tliere  is  a  lady  here  wboo!  I  think  you 
must  know^Miss  Ferrierj  her  fatlaer  is  a  very  old  man*  and  she,  who  is 
not  very  young,  and  has  indifferent  Ivealth,  secludes  herself  almost  entirely 
with  him.  The  fruits  of  this  seclusion  appeared  three  or  four  years  since 
in  the  form  of  a  novel  called  Marriage :  it  was  evidently  the  production  of 
a  clever  caustic  mind*  with  much  good  painting  of  character  in  it,  that 
could  not  be  produced  without  talent  and  coiusiderable  knosvlcdge  of  men 
and  books.  1  have  just  firdshed  a  hasty  perusal  of  a  new  work  by  the 
same  autlior,  calted  The  Inheritance,  and  join  the  general  voice  in  pro- 
nouncing it  clever,  though  there  is,  perhaps,  too  much  of  caricature 
throughout.  Pray  read  it ;  there  is  strong  sense  in  it,  and  it  keeps  atten- 
tion awake  even  when  it  does  not  entirely  please.  There  are  some  here 
who  praise  this  book  beyond  measure,  and  even  hold  it  up  as  excelling  the 
invisible  charmer.  This  leads  mc  to  Redffauntiety  where  Walter  is  himself 
again.  Who  says  that  his  forie  is  low  characters  ?  I  do  not  meet  iu 
books,  and  very  rarely  in  life,  such  gentlemen  as  his,  with  sentiments  80 
just,  so  manly,  and  so  happily  ex  pressed »  Witness  the  feeling  without 
weakness  or  painted  sentimentality,  the  dignity  without  strut  or  false 
elevation,  the  graceful  ease  and  unbending  spirit  displayed  in  the  paiufuf 
interview  betwixt  the  infatuated  Chevalier  nnd  his  adherents,  Ba^il 
Hall's  Letters  on  South  America  I  have  read  with  pleasurci  and  hope,  nay 
believe,  the  information  they  contain  is  genuine ;  yet  he  sometimes  reminda 
me  of  the  Clown's  address  to  MaJvolio,  when  he  supposes  him  possesaed ; 
"  Out  ufKin  tliee,  foul  fiend !  s[ieakest  thou  of  nought  but  ladiea  I*' 
I  have  met  with  Basil  Hall,  and  was  never  more  surprised,  1  looked  for  a 
bold  weather-beaten  tar,  but  I  found  a  gentleman,  with  a  soft  voice  and 
aoft  manners,  pouring  out  small-tnlk  in  half-whispers  to  ladies ;  I  believe, 
however,  he  is  very  estimable.     Two  volumes  of  Ariosto  Rose's  Recol- 

.  lections  of  Italy  have  lately  amused  me  much.  He  is  acute,  elegant,  and 
rchned  even  to  fas  t  id  ions  u  ess ;  but  some  aJlowance  must  be  made  for  a 
yonng  man  nursed  in  purple  and  fine  linen, and  fed  with  Greek  and  Roman 
cla-*^sics,  and  born  to  smart  and  agonize  at  every  pore*  from  iK^ing  the  hap- 
less owner  of  a  sickly  and  sensitive  frame.  .  ,  .  Of  Byron's  death  I  like 
neither  to  speak  nor  hear*  W' hat  a  fall  was  his  before  the  scene  closed  !** 
Itc. 


•  In  the  life  of  Jeremy  Taylor,  by  R.  Hcber,  there  i«  no  mentioo  of  a  tract  wbieh 

we  poftftesii — **  A.  Pindariqae  Elegie  upon  the  Death  of  the  Right  Rev.  F&ther  in  Ood 

Jeremy,  Inte  Lord  Bishop  of  Down,  Connor,  and  Dromore^  by  Le.  Matfaewft^  A.M«  a 

iicr.  donieit,   Ito,  Dubho^  1 667/*  whirh  should  be  interted  in  the  aciit  editiortr     On 

.Ibe  tTAct  c«llcd  "  Christiui  Consobtiona  *'  not  being  by  J.  Taylor,  ■€«  Oibb'i  Cor- 

•poiuleoce,  vol.  IL  pp.  509,  513,  by  Ah  Knoj,  M.A.  a  work  of  gr««t  intereit  both  in 

■Geology  and  literature. 

a 


473 


OH  THC    DEVELOPEICCNT   OF  TBE    ANGLO-SAXON  EALDOROOU, 


THOUGH  it  has  long  since  been 
fidmitted  as  a  general  fact  that  the 
organmation  of  this  country,  both  po- 
litical and  judicial,  owes  its  rise  to  the 
primitive  iaatitutions  of  German 3%  yet 
there  arc  many  points  connected  with 
its  details  which  have  not  received 
that  particular  attention  they  may 
joally  be  considered  to  merit.  One, 
not  the  least  interesting  of  these,  1 
have  made  Ihe  subject  of  the  present 
paper,  viz«  the  origin  of  the  Shire,  in 
which  also  is  neeesaarily  involved  that 
of  the  official  who  aatJently  presided 
over  it»  The  following  observations 
are,  however,  more  particularly  di- 
rected towards  tracing  the  introduc- 
tion into  England  of  the  latter,  viz, 
the  Eaidormafit  or  principal  luilitary 
and  civil  governor  of  the  county 
during  the  Anglo-Saxon  period,  and 
the  subsequent  vicissitudes  and  de- 
velopcment  of  his  office. 

As  our  Belgic  and  Anglo-Saxon 
ancestors  were  equally  of  the  Teutonic 
racCi  it  may  be  unhesitatingly  allowed 
that  those  fundamental  principles  of 
government  and  law  which  cannot  in 
any  way  be  traced  to  Roman  forms, 
have  been  derived  from  the  one  or  the 
other  of  them.  But  the  British  Belgse 
appear  to  have  been  so  completely 
Romanised  after  their  conquest,  that 
there  are  no  sufficient  grounds  for  a 
belief  that  any  Teutonic  custom  which 
we  now  hold  has  been  transmitted  from 
them,  and  the  charge  of  the  ealdor^ 
man  offers  no  trace  of  genuine  Roman 
institutes.*  It  therefore  foUows  that 
the  fuldomian,  not  being  a  Roman 
officer,  under  the  disguise  of  a  bar- 
barian name,  was  an  indigenous  pro- 
duct of  Germany,  subsequently  im- 
ported into  this  country  by  the  invad- 
ing hordes  of  Saxons,  Jutes,  and 
Angles  during  the  Bfth  and  sixth 
centuries   of  our  a^ra;  and  that  the 


*  if  the  Roman  urganiutioD  had  been 
preserved,  the  prffsn^  eon^ularit,  or  eor^ 
rector^  would  have  been  found  in  this 
country,  and  the  civil  jurisdiction  would 
have  been  separated  from  the  militai^ 
command.  (See  Savtgny*B  Geachichte 
dea  Ri^mischen  rechts  ioi  mittelalteri  vol, 
i.  c.  4,  §  «oo 

Gent,  Mag.  You  XXI. 


latter  is  the  true  representation  of  the 
case,  admits,  I  think,  of  the  clearest  , 
and  moat  satisfactory  elucidation  and  j 
proof. 

Amongst  the  Germanic  tribes  tha 
country  at  large  was  divided  into  re- 
gular districts,  over  each  of  which  pre- 
sided a  magistrate,  who  in  peace  admi> 
nistered  justice,  and  in  war  commanded 
the  freemen  of  his  own  limits. f 

This  official,  who  receives  from 
Tacitus  the  simple  appellation  of />«}«• 
cejis,  was  undoubtedly  more  ancient 
than  royalty,  and,  before  the  institution 
of  the  latter,  enjoyed  the  supreme  au- 
thority. He  was  elected  by  the  gene- 
ral council  of  the  nation,:!  and  received 
from  it  the  civil  and  military  jurisdic- 
tion with  which  he  wm  invested.  J 


t  This  district  is  called  by  Cnisar 
pagut^  which  he  also  explains  to  have 
been  a  poHticjil  dirision  of  the  eountryt 
supplying  otie  thousand  men  Inwards  a 
war.  (Dc  Bello  Gallico,  4,  c.  1 .)  Tacilng 
d(!i»cribfs  a  Kubdivisian  which  furnished  a 
quota  of  one  hundred  men  only,  (De 
Muriboi  Germ.  c.  6|)  and  to  this  he  ap- 
plies the  same  name.  The  different  senie 
in  which  the  two  historians  have  uaed  1 
this  word  appears  clearly  by  the  foUow* 
ing  comparison:  Ctesar  (de  B.  G.  4,  c.  L) 
asserts  that  the  Suevi  inhabited  ono 
hundred  pagi,  while  Tacitus  says  of  tha 
Seranones,  who  were  a  trihe  only  of  the 
great  Suevic  nation  (c.  39),  **centnm 
pagis  habitantur,'^ 

t  Tacitus  (de  Morib.  Germ.  c.  12,) 
* '  Eliguntnr  in  cisdem  conclliia  ct  principea 
qui  jura  per  pagos  vicoaque  reddunt.*' 
Ciesar  (de  Belio  Gallico,  c.  23,)  Principes 
regioDum  ct  pagonim  inter  auos  jus  di- 
cunt,  coDtroversi&sque  minuunt.*'  Ibid. 
c-  22,  **  Magiatratus  et  principef>"  &c 
Tlie  railitAry  character  of  the  prime€p9  ^ 
appears  pattim  in  Tacitus.  In  regard  to 
the  council  by  which  he  was  elected,  it  la 
not  clear  whether  it  was  the  limited  as- 
sembly of  the  freemen  of  the  gau  or  pagut 
only,  or  the  general  conventiao  described 
by  Tacitus,  (c.  13) 

$  At  a  period  in  Longobardic  history 
thirty-five  duett,  the  same  as  the  comiltM 
of  the  Franks,  ruled  the  country  in  ita 
several  diviitons  without  a  Itingi  until  ne- 
cessity required  his  election.  (Paulas  Dia- 
conui,  lib,  2,  tit.  3^.)  Sarigny  justly 
observes,  (vol.  i.  c.  4,  f  63,  in  note), 
**  This  event  Is  usually  looked  upon  as  a 
3  P 


lar  circumstances  to  those  I  haTe  i 
tioDed. 

But  when  a  foreign  inTasioo  presaed 
upon  the  country,  or  an  attack  on  a 
neighbouring  tribe  was  determined 
upon,  greater  union  and  concentration 
of  strengUi  were  obTiously  reqvired 
than  such  a  scheme  of  government  na 
I  have  just  described  could  liy  nny 
possibility  afford.  On  these  occasions, 
therefore,  the  national  council  selected 
from  the  number  of  prtae^pet  one  who 
should  act  as  the  commander-in-chief, 
and  to  whom,  in  that  character,  all 
the  other  msgistrates,  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  the  war,  should  pay  an 
uureserred  and  implicit  obedience.f 

But  this  particular  duty  terminated 
with  the  hostilities  that  gaTt  it  birth, 
and  the  dux,  or  extraordinary  chief- 
tain,  then  returned  to    his   pristine 


474  On  the  Developement  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  BaUMbm.    (May, 

The  duration  of  his  charge  was  not 
uniform  in  all  ages.  At  first  it  was 
most  probably  restricted  to  the  period 
of  a  year,  though  in  succeeding  times 
it  became  enlarged  to  the  life  of  the 
dignitary.* 

Savigny  has  conjectured  that  in 
some  districts  this  dignity  was  from 
the  first  hereditary  ;t  but'  if  such  an 
authority  were  able  to  establish  and 
perpetuate  itself  in  an  individual  family 
by  lineal  descent,  the  person  who  en- 
joyed it  would,  by  a  train  of  circum- 
stances of  this  kind,  and  the  conse- 
quent overthrow  of  so  important  a 
principle  of  the  Germanic  constitution 
as  the  popular  election  of  its  own 
magistrates,  be  no  longer  the  adminis- 
trator of  law  to  a  free  tribe,  but  the 
monarch  of  some  minute  domain,  like 
the  kingdom  of  the  Hwiccas  in  Eng- 
land, a  sovereignty  at  the  most  em- 
bracing no  larger  territory  than  the 
present  county  of  Worcester ;  and  it 
appears  from  Tacitus  that  before  his 
time  the  condition  of  royalty  had 
begun  to  emerge  in  Germany  in  some 
instances,^  and  probably  under  simi- 

revolutionary  usurpation,  but  we  should 
rather  regard  it  as  a  return  to  the  ancient 
national  constitution.*'  See  also  a  sub- 
sequent quotation  from  Witichindus.  In 
referring  to  the  same  fact,  Cesar  says, 
(B.  G.  6,  c.  22.)  *'  In  pace  nullus  est 
communis  magi  stratus.'' 

*  This  is  more  consistent  with  notions 
of  the  ancient  liberty  of  the  Germans  than 
any  longer  period  would  seem  to  be  ;  for 
the  same  duration  of  time  regulated  their 
usuf-uct  in  land,  and  it  is  not  pro- 
bable that  they  would  be  less  cautious  or 
more  liberal  in  delegating  power  to  their 
nobles,  than  in  conferring  on  themselves 
the  enjoyment  of  property.  Cesar  (B.  G. 
6,  c.  21,)  says,  "  Neque  quisquam  agri 
modum  certum  aut  fines  proprios  habet, 
sed  magistratus  ac  principes  hi  annos 
singolos  gentibus  cognationibusque  bomi- 
num,  qui  una  coierunt,  quantum  eis  et 
quo  loco  visum  est,  attribuunt  agri,  atque 
anno  post  alio  transire  cogunt.'*  Tacitus 
(da  Morib.  Germ.  c.  26)  says,  **  Arva  per 
annos  mutant." 

t  Savigny,  vol.  i.  c.  4,  §  79. 

t  As  it  had  previously  done  amongst 
the  Germanic  tribes  in  Gaul,  an  instance 
of  which  was  Ambiorix,  among  the  Ebu- 
rones  (Cesar,  B.  G.  5,  c.  87»  and  ib.  c. 
1.)  "In  Gallia  a  potentioribus  atque  his 
qui  ad  conducendos  homines  facultates 
habebaot  Tulgo  regna  ooQupabaatur."  la 


Germany  the  Quad!  and  Blarcomaani  had 
kings,  "Nobile  Marobodoi,  et  Tadri 
genus."  (Tacit,  de  M.  G.  c.  42.)  Also  the 
Gothones,  Rugii,  I^movii,  and  Suiones. 
(Ibid.  cc.  43,  44).  But  the  same  author 
remarks,  '*  Kec  regibus  infinita  ant  libe- 
ra potestas,**  and  this  was  acknowledged 
by  Ambiorix,  (Csesar,  B.  G.  5,  c.  97,) 
who  openly  declared,  *<  Sua  esse  hiijiu. 
modi  imperia  ut  non  minus  haberet  In  se 
juris  multitudo  quam  ipse  in  multitndt- 
nem.'* 

$  Cesar  (B.  G.  c.  23,)  "  Quam  bet- 
lum  civitas  aut  illatum  deifendit  aut  imtmgi, 
magistratus  qui  ei  hello  presunt,  ut  y/itm 
necisque  habeant  potestatem,  delignntor." 
Tacitus  (de  M.  G.  c.  7,)  **  Duces  ez  viitute 
sumunt.'*  In  other  cases  a  mrn^e^pM 
would  volunteer  his  services  as  aiur,  and 
be  approved  of  by  the  people.  So  Cesar, 
(ib.  6,  c.  23,)  '*  Ubi  quis  ex  prindpihus 
In  concilio  se  ducem  fore,  qui  sequi  vetint 
profiteantur,  consargunt  ii  qui  et  causam 
et  hominem  probant,  snumque  anziliara 
pollicentur."  Savigny  (vol.  1,  o.  4,  §  ^3,) 
says,  "The  duke  was  a  general,  having 
under  him  counts,  who  might  be  com- 
pared to  the  colonels  of  regiments.  When 
in  later  times  the  dukes  were  appointed 
for  the  government  of  a  province,  their 
office  did  not  change  its  nature,  and,  if 
they  united  to  it  the  civil  jurisdiction, 
they  perhaps  merely  accumulated  together 
the  powers  of  both  duke  and  count.  But 
when  one  nation  was  found  under  the  de- 
pendence of  another,  like  the  Germans 
and  Bavarians  in  the  Fkankish  empire, 
the  duke  of  the  conquered  people  was 
then  in  reality  a  king,  though  holding  ss 
a  vsssal  of  a  paramount  soTersifn»" 


1844*]      On  iht  Devilopfmtnt  a/ ike  Anfflo-Sajton  Ealdordoni. 


475 


I 


coodition  of  equality  with  the  other 
principp$,^  His  functioas  were,  in  the 
one  case,  limited  aod  transitory  ;  in 
the  other  they  were  more  extended  in 
their  character,  and  their  duration 
wa^  ascertained.  In  soceeeding  times, 
when  the  barbarians  bad  occupied  the 
Eomiui  empire,  the  change  of  circum- 
Btancefi  occasioned  by  their  conqueata 
led,  in  the  generality  of  instanceaj  to 
the  developemeni  of  the  ducal  antho* 
rity  into  the  permanent  condition  of 
royal  power.  The  dim,  elected  for  the 
particular  charge  of  an  expedition, 
with  ioperior  powers  over  the  j/rm- 
e^pet  or  tnere  leaders  of  districts,  as 
befor«*iiieutioixed,  was  unwilling,  or 
perhaps  would  not  be  permitled  by 
his  followers,  to  lay  down  his  dignity 
on  the  moment  of  the  first  successes 
of  the  invaBion.  to  which  his  own 
talents  and  exertions  might  have  ma* 
terially  contributed  ;  and,  being  thus 
allowed  or  coropelled  to  enjoy  the 
honours  or  support  the  labours  of  his 
re-eminence  for  the  remainder  of 
ii  life,  he  would  at  his  death, 
with  the  sanction  of  hia  fellow  war- 
riora,  transmit  the  comroand  to  some 
energetic  member  of  his  own  famity, 
and  by  this  act  a  regal  huuac 
would  be  m  the  first  instance  es- 
tablished. 

The  same  ceremonial  which  had 
attended  the  election  of  the  duJF  was 
retained  in  the  inauguration  of  the 
king,  and  the  successor  of  the  former 
was  elevated  in  the  sight  of  the  host 
on  the  bucklers  of  his  com  pan  ions  in 
arma.f      Such   a   circumstance   as    I 


^  Witichindusf  Corbei,  lib.  1,  snnaL 
(M«ibon.  Script,  rcr.  German,  t,  I,  p. 
<J34.)  **  A  tribuji  etiam  principibui  totiiw 
gcntiis  ilucatiu  adininistmbatur.  ^i  aucem 
unirenab  helium  ingrueret,  uorte  eli^tur, 
cuX  omnaa  ohbdirc  oportet,  sd  admin  is- 
trandiun  uiuDinens  bcUum.  Quo  pcrncto, 
squo  jure  ac  propria  potestatc  uiuiBquii- 
quc  contentut  vivcbat."  The  agrccineiit 
between  tLis  passnge  and  the  quotation 
from  fieda,  which  will  be  afterwards  found 
in  the  text  of  this  paper,  is  most  re- 
markable. 

t  Tacit.  Hilt.  4,  c.  15,  "  Inopo«i- 
tusque  scuto  more  geotis  et  sustinentiiiin 
bumeriB  vibratus  diwr  deligitur.**  This 
occurred  amongst  the  Caimioefatei.  Gro- 
gury  of  Tours  describes  the  same  cere- 
mony at  the  inauguration  of  Ctovii  the 
Great,  KiDf  of  the  Fiwika.    (?,  c.  40.) 


have  described  need  not  excite  our 
surprise  when  we  consider  that  the 
invaders  were  posted  in  the  enemy's 
camp;  and,  for  their  own  generation, 
would  be  scarcely  in  a  position  to 
decide  when  the  war^  which  bad  called 
the  ducal  oflice  into  being,  had  com- 
pletely ceased  in  the  intestines  of  their 
newly  adopted  country. 

Of  this  we  have  as  clear  proof  aa  tt 
is  possible  or  necessary  to  have  in  the 
history  of  our  own  petty  kingdoms  of 
the  Heptarchy.  Like  the  invaders  of 
the  continent  of  Europe,  the  Saxon, 
Anglic,  Julie,  and  Frisian  tribes  which 
occupied  England,  introduced  into  the 
conquered  country  their  ancient  na- 
tional jurisdiction,  and  with  that  the 
office  of  princeps  or  ealdorman,l  the 
supreme  magistrate  of  all  Germany, 
however  its  various  nations  might 
multiply  its  names. 

In  &U  it  displayed  the  distinct 
generic  principle  of  the  Teutonic  con- 


*'  Plaudentes  tarn  parmi*  quam  vocibtu 
eum  (Clodovechum)  clypeo  cvectmn, 
super  se  regcni  conititucrunt,"  Titigcs, 
the  Gothic  king,  says  of  himselfi  apitd 
Caniodortim,  (Variar.  Lib,  10,  Epist.SI,) 
•*  Indicamiii  pnreotes  nostros  Gothos  inter 
proctnctuales  gladioa  more  mftjorum  scuto 
tuppositOp  regalem  arbit  contuUaser  pii^ 
sente  Deo,  dignitatem.'* 

\  This  title  long  after  remained  in 
some  use  In  Lower  Germany,  Ubbo 
Emmius  (De  agro  Frisiw  inter  Amasum  ct 
Lavicum  il.  deque  urbe  Droning,  in  eo- 
dcm  agro,&c.  Gronin.  164G^  pp.  207,2(i4) 
says  that  before  A.D.  1:500  there  were  fouf 
burgomasters  of  that  city  and  eight 
**  oldermanni,"  Amongst  the  Franks,  Bor- 
gundians,  and  Viaigoths,  this  inagi»trnt« 
was  called  coiNe^r,  a  Roman  name,  which 
they  exchanged  for  the  native  designation 
of  the  office;  the  latter,  however,  was 
preserved  by  the  Franks,  vfho  used  the 
word  **  yrafOt*^  or  graf,  iodilfcrontly  with 
the  other.  The  application  of  the  word 
*' CQmet'^'*  to  expreas  a  barbarian  dignity 
is  ejiiilained  by  Savigny  vol,  1,  c.  4)  in 
the  followini^  manner: — '*  Prior  to  the 
Coaquest,  the  Franks  ne-ir  to  the  eaiitem 
fro rj tiers  of  the  empire  fouad  there  catniiew 
and  dueei  commanding  certain  districtSt 
and  these  magistratet,  the  first  thxt  they 
were  acquainted  with,  might  be  compared 
to  their  grafs  or  counts.  In  reaUty  the 
comei  of  the  Romans^  Uke  the  count  of 
the  Franks,  united  military  authority  and 
civil  juriadictioo,  though  reiirained  within 
itrict  hnits/* 


476  Oil  tk4  Deoehpemeni  of  the  Anglo  Saxun  Smfiordfm.      IMay, 

of  circamstaoccs.  Bach  as  1  have 
before  remarked,  converted  the  fleeliog 
and  transitory  powers  of  the  dmx  into 
a  fixed  and  permanent  saprenacy. 

From  this  great  metamorphosis  of 
the  dux,  we  are  led  to  the  next  phase 
of  our  subject — ^rix.  the  ealdormaa  of 
England,  as  we  find  him  in  the  historic 
periods  of  onr  own  annals. 

In  the  sUte  of  affairs  last  alluded 
to,  the  ealdorman  of  the  Anglic  and 
Saxon  tribes,  having,  in  accordance 
with  the  voice  of  the  nation,  like  the 
gre^o  of  tbe  Franks,  received  a  sa- 
perior,  became  within  his  own  locality 
only  the  first  officer  of  the  sovereign, 
receiving  from  him  the  nomination  to 
his  charge,  which  was  now  extended 
to  the  term  of  his  life,))  and  in  respect 
of  this  delegated  authority  standing 
in  immediate  relation  to  the  former 
alone,  and  not  to  the  public  body  of 
freemen,  who  had  resigned  into  the 
hands  of  a  monarch  their  original 
right  of  control  over  their  magistratee, 
and  with  it  a  great  portion  of  their 
pristine  liberty. 

After  the  lapse  of  a  few  centaries 
the  true  descent  of  the  ealdorman  was 
totally  unknown  in  England.  In  the 
dreams  of  those  historians  who  ad- 
vanced an  hypothesis  respecting  it«  a 
local  origiti  and  a  modern  date  were 
assigned  to  this  remote  institation. 
and  the  identity  of  the  office  with  that 
of  the  Prankish  comet  entirely  escaped 
their  attention.  Ingulf  and  William 
of  Malmesbury  ascribe  to  Alfred  the 
Great  the  creation  of  the  ealdordoms 
of  England  .IT  Yet  there  are  references 
to  this  officer  in  the  early  histories 
and  records,  which  it  is  highly  im- 

Cerdic  and  Cynric,  were  of  a  prevsiUng 
family  or  kin,  which  drew  its  origin  from 
the  hero  Woden,  and  that  circumstance 
may  hare  been  a  main  cause  of  the  ae- 
qniescence  of  their  followers  in  their  con- 
tinued power.  His  family  was,  in  the 
words  of  the  Saxon  Chronicle,  the  ''  cyne 
cynn,"  or  royal  race  of  all  the  people 
south  of  the  Humber.  (S.  C.  a.d.  449.) 
The  pedigree  of  Ida,  the  first  king  of 
the  Northumbrians,  is  traced  even  higher 
—viz.  to  the  mythologic  Geata,  (Note 
of  a  Friend.) 

11  When  the  original  dueatut  was  fixed 
for  life— I.e.  on  the  institution  of  royalty, 
the  ealdorman  obtained  a  similar  enlarge* 
ment  of  the  term  of  his  own  office. 

Y  Ingulf.  WiU.  Malmes.  Ub.  2,  c.  4. 


stitotion, — the  union  of  civil  power 
with  military  command,  to  which 
nothing  analogous  could  be  found  in 
the  ordinary  Roman  imperial  forms  of 
office,  where  the  refinement  of  a 
civilised  nation  strictly  separated  the 
civil  jurisdiction  from  the  military 
authority.* 

There  is  a  passage  in  the  history  of 
Saint  Beda  which  not  only  affords 
considerable  light  in  regard  to  the 
ealdorman,  both  in  the  character  of 
the  ordinary  prtaceps  and  the  extra- 
ordinary dtur,  but  furnishes  an  inter- 
esting commentary  upon  what  the 
Roman  historians  have  recorded  on 
the  same  subiect.  He  speaks  in  re- 
ference to  the  German  Saxons,  to 
whom  his  countrymen,  with  the  re- 
miniscence of  emigrants,  constantly 
applied  the  appellation  of  Old  Scuont .f 
'^Non  enim  habent  regem  iidem  an- 
tiqui  Saxones,  sed  satrapas  plurimos 
suse  genti  pnepositos,  qui  ingruente 
belli  articulo  mittunt  equaliter  sortes, 
et  quemcunque  sors  ostenderit,  hunc 
tempore  belli  ducem  omnes  sequuntur, 
et  hoic  obtemperant.  Peracto  autem 
hello  mrsum  lequalis  potentiae  omnes 
fiunt  satrapK." 

This  passage  appropriately  leads  us 
to  a  consideration  of  the  results  of  the 
invasion  of  our  country  by  the  same 
Teutonic  tribe.^  Cerdic,  and  Cynric 
his  son,  although  in  its  origin  they 
conducted  the  West  Saxon  expedition 
merely  as  the  elected  leaders  of  their 
nation,  not  only  afterwards  held  fast 
their  authority  during  their  lives,  but 
transmitted  it  to  their  posterity,  who 
thenceforth  enjoyed  the  prerogatives 
of  a  hereditary  royalty.§  An  alteration 

•  Savigny,vol.  l,c.  4,  §79. 

t  Bed.  Eccl.  Hist,  gentis  Anglorum, 
lib.  5,0.  11. 

t  Chron.  Sax.  AD.  495.  It  may  be 
asserted  as  a  historic  fact,  that  no  kings 
led  the  Germanic  irruptions  into  this 
country. 

§  So  Hengest  and  Horsa  were  simply 
the  "  heretogan,*'  or  generals  of  the 
Jutes,  who  landed  in  Kent  in  449  ;  but, 
whether  from  the  necessity  of  keeping  up 
his  original  extraordinary  power,  or  &om 
imitation  of  the  petty  Bntish  kings  whom 
he  overthrew,  the  former  appears  to  have 
assumed  a  kinnhip.  He  held  the  "  rice," 
or  kingdom  of  Kent,  and  his  son  iEsc 
snecseded  him.  At  the  same  time  it  is 
to  bo  observed  that  thsie  men,  aad  alio 


1844.]       Oh  Ike  IhmlopcmeMi  of  the  Aaglo'Sajeof^  Ealdordom.  477 


probable  wtrc  uusucn  by  tboae  authors, 
aiul,  being  so,  ibcre  Appears  nothing 
that  can  give  a  colour  to  those  mUre- 
prcsetitatioDB. 

An  early  historical  notice  of  the  eal- 
ilorman  occurs  in  the  Saxon  Chronicle, 
under  the  year  568 .  when  CcawUn,  king 
of  WeaseXi  and  his  brother,  Cutha,  in 
an  engagement  with  Elhelbyrt,  king  of 
Kent,  defeated  him  and  alew  two  of 
his  *'ealdormcn  ;"  and  in  653  the  same 
historian  relates  that  the  Middle  Angles 
or  Mercians  received  CUriatianity  under 
their  "eaJdorman  "  Penda,  the  son  of 
the  Mercian  l^eada*  Mention  is  also 
made  of  this  officer  in  Ine's  laws,  (\.d. 
688  to  728, )  c.  36,  where,  speaking  of 
a  person  harbouring  a  thief,  tbe  legis- 
lator says,  "  Gif  he  ealdorman  sy- 
tholige  his  scyre,  butau  hina  se  cyning 
arian  wille." 

These  quotations  alone  are  sufficient 
to  shew  the  incor  rectors  a  of  tht  as- 
sertions of  Ingulf  and  the  monk  of 
Malniesbary,  inasmuch  as  they  prove 
that  the  ealdoimen  and  their  shires 
were  a  constituent  part  of  the  govern- 
ment of  each  heptarchic  kingdom  long 
prior  to  the  reign  of  Alfred.  It  is, 
however,  far  from  improbable  that  the 
foundation  for  this  tradition  may  have 
consisted  in  the  fact  that  Alfred  after 
his  kingdom  had  been  rescued  from 
the  anarchy  of  the  Northmen  restored 
the  ealdormen  to  the  government  of 
the  sliiren  from  which  the  former  had 
expelled  them. 

The  word  caldorman  in  its  original 
meaning  signifies  chieftain.  We  there- 
fore cannot  he  surprised  at  seeing  it 
occasionally  used  in  this  general  and 
more  lai  sense,  where  technical  strict- 
ness of  language  was  either  unneces- 
sary or  impossible  under  the  circum- 
stances to  be  attained.  As  an  illus- 
tration of  what  I  have  mentioned,  we 
find  tbe  Sanon  Chronicle  state  that  in 
the  year  465  "  Hcngeat  and  Horsa 
fought  at  Wippedilcot,  and  slew  twelve 
British  ealdormen"  (Wylisce  EaU 
durmen).  And  Brocmail,  the  Welsh 
general  at  the  battle  of  Chester,  is  also 
an  "  caldorman/'* 

The  great  power  and  importance 
of  the  ealdormen  are  manifested  by  the 
mention  inthe  Annals  not  only  of  their 
distinguished  actions,  but  also  of  their 

*  Sox.  C\lf9U*  A*^i  (^07. 


deaths,  which  are  recorded  in  the  same 
paragraph  w^ith  those  of  kings. f  The 
merchant  in  A\.\U\c*s  Dialogues  places 
them  in  a  similar  juxtaposition.  He 
saya  of  himself,  "  Behefe  ie  eora  ge 
cyngc  and  ealdormanum,  and  weligum 
and  eallum  folce.**^ 

The  ealdorman  was  said  to  hold  his 
province  under  the  king's  hand  (under 
cynges  hand).§  This  peculiar  ex- 
pression is  explained  by  a  parallel  pas- 
sage in  the  Testament  of  King  Alfred* 
wherein  he  confers  on  certain  of  bis 
tenants  the  liberty  of  chooaiDg  which 
band  (i,  e.  landlord)  they  may  please 
(hyra  freoSa  swylce  hand  to  ceosenne 
s  wy Ice  him  leofast  sy.)!!  The  province 
of  the  ealdorman  was  called  his  cal- 
dordi^m,  but  it  also  more  generally  re- 
ceived the  name  which  it  still  retains^ 
viz.  shire  (scyre),  with  which,  in  its 
present  state,  it  was  anciently  also  co* 
extensive.  The  derivation  of  the  latter 
word,  if  it  arose  only  to  express  the 
district  of  the  ealdorman  after  the  in- 
stitution of  royalty  and  the  conseijuent 
application  of  new  and  different  prin- 
ciples to  it,  might  be  held  to  imply  a 
jurisdiction  severed  or  removed  from 
the  immediate  control  of  the  king, 
with  a  view  of  relieving  him  in  his 
judicial  character  from  the  pressure  of 
accumulated  and  almost  impracticable 
duties,  and  to  afford  the  subject  greater 
facilities  and  readier  means  of  obtain- 
ing such  remedial  justice  as  his  neces- 
sities might  require.  If,  however,  the 
word  was  the  genuine  and  old  appel- 
lation of  the  pagua  of  the  princept 
during  the  period  in  which  he  was 
one  of  the  highest  magistrates  of  the 
nation,  and  before  all  jurisdiction  and 
justice,  according  to  the  principles  of 
the  Byzantine  lawyers,  were  con- 
sidered to  emanate  and  diffuse  them- 
selves from  the  crown  alone,  it  would 
then  simply  express  a  divmon  of  the 
country  for  legal  and  military  pur- 
poses* 

Under  the  Heptarchy  tbe  extent  of 
ihe  ealdordom  continued  lo  be  limited 
universally  to  the  shire;  and  the  Icrri- 


t  Sax.  Chron.  a.d,  81$, 8M. 
X  Thorpe^s  Analecta. 
$  L*  L.  Anglo -Sax.  £thelred|  pars  sec* 
c,  K 
li  Kembk*s  Code  Piplomaticuav  vol*  IL 


478 


Qm  ik§  DiothjpemeM  o/tk'  AMgh-SoMon  EmUhri^m.    [May, 


torial  eorldom,  which  was  formed  out 
of  the  little  kingdom  of  the  Hwiccas, 
and  is  the  first  modification  of  the 
ealdordom,  is  no  exception  to  the 
role.  This  species  of  eorldom  we  see 
for  the  first  time  in  English  history  on 
the  subjugation  of  that  kingdom  by 
the  Mercians.  In  its  original  meaning 
the  eorldom  expressed  the  highest  order 
of  nobility,  and  of  this  we  have  the 
clearest  evidence  in  the  Anglo-Saxon 
remains.*      Subsequently,    however. 


*  Eorl,  as  a  title  of  nobility,  is  only  to 
be  found  in  the  codes  of  Etbelbyrt,  Eadric, 
and  Hlothare,  and  in  the  Judicia  Cmtati* 
l4mdinia,  and  seems,  therefore,  to  have 
been  confined  in  that  sense,  except  in  the 
language  of  poetry,  to  the  kingdom  of 
Kent,  and  the  city  of  London.  There  is, 
however,  a  passage  in  the  Judicia  which 
would  intimate  that  at  that  epoch  (viz«  the 
reign  of  Athelstan)  the  term  was  obsolete. 
"  Hit  wses  hwilum  in  Englalagum,  &c.  gif 
thegen  getheah  that  he  weorth  to  eorle, 
thonne  wtes  he  syth-than  eorl  rihtes 
weorthe,**  and  as  a  proverbial  expression 
we  find  it  to  a  late  time,  (x.n.  1008, 
Lib,  Conttit,)  **  Theorh  Oodes  gyfe  thrsel 
wearth  to  thegeneandceorl  wearth  to  eorle, 
and  singere  to  sacerde,  and  bocere  to  bis- 
cope.**  In  the  lawsof  Eadric  (c.  8)  an  "  eorl- 
cund  man  **  is  mentioned  whose  were  is  300 
shillings,  thrice  the  amount  of  an  ordinary 
man ;  and  in  Etbelbyrt  the  ranks  are  called 
**  eorl  and  ceorl,'*  and  there  is  a  regulation 
for  the  *^  mund  betstan  widowa  eorl- 
cundre.*'  These  expressions  altogether 
necessarily  imply  a  nobility  of  birth,  which 
is  also  shewn  more  particularly  by  the 
tennination  (cinuf)  of  the  latter  word.  In 
the  remaining  states  we  must  seek  for  the 
same  dignity  under  different  appellations. 
In  Ine's  laws  (c.  34)  '*  deorboren,''  and 
(o.  84)  ''  falborene  thegnas  *'  are  spoken 
of,  and  (cc.  30  and  54,)  "  gesithcund  **  and 
**  oeorl  *'  are  the  same  antithesis  which  in 
the'*  Judicia CivitatisLondonias*'  is  "eorl 
and  ceorl.*'  The  identity  of  the  gesitb- 
cundman  (who  is  sometimes  called  gesith 
and  gesithman)  with  the  Kentish  **eorl,** 
is  proved  by  the  following  authority  of 
Wihtred,  (c.  6,)  who,  after  mentioning 
the  punishment  for  adultery  committed  by 
a  gesithcundman,  proceeds  next  to  speak 
of  the  ceorl,  without  any  intermediate 
gradation.  But  there  appears  to  have 
been  another  and  more  legal  appellation 
for  this  noble  class.  The  three  ranks  into 
which  Anglo-Saxon  society  was  divided 
were  represented  by  the  twelfhynd,  six- 
hynd,  and  twyhind.  The  first  com- 
prehended the  thegeasy  both  king^i  and 


it  acquired  the  additional  sense  I  have 
alluded  to,  and  became  approximated 

medeme,  (L.  L.  Hen.  I.  cc.  69,  76  ;)  the 
other  expressed  an  intermediate  rank ;  and 
the  third  was  the  ceorl,  who  was  thua  six 
tfanes  the  inforior  of  the  twelfhyad.  (Jadie. 
Civ.  Lond.)  They  respectively  recdfed 
these  names  fnm  the  amoiml  of  their 
weres,  that  of  the  twelfhynd  betng  ISOO 
shillings,  that  of  the  sixhynd  (tOOakillinfe, 
and  that  of  the  tw^hynd  SOOshiUiaga  odlj. 
There  is  some  difficulty  in  defii&f  the 
nature  of  the  sixhynd ;  I  think,  however, 
the  term  was  applied  to  designate  the 
ceorl  who,  by  the  acquisition  of  richea,  had 
attained  as  independient  a  station  in  society 
OS  the  thegen,  hut  through  the  want  of 
gentle  birth  was  necessarily  hicompeeent 
to  assume  tbe  legal  privileges  of  thelaCter. 
Ine  (o.  29)  says,  «<  If  a  WeUueaa  have 
five  hydes  he  is  sixhynd.*'  Now  it  wee  a 
peculiarity  of  the  Sazoa  law  to  ssrign  to 
each  order  what  it  oonsidered  to  be  the 
quota  of  land  proper  or  competent  to  be 
poasessed  by  it,  and  thee  the  estate  ef  e 
single  thegen  was  sisnmed  neither  to  esE- 
ceed  or  fall  short  of  five  hides  of  land. 
rjud.  Civ.  Lond.)  The  Welshman,  tiiere- 
fore,  of  the  quotation  was  a  person  pos- 
sessed of  a  thegen*s  amount  of  propoiyf 
but  not  of  his  foil  honours  and  privuegea. 
In  England  this  class  became  in  ooene  of 
time  both  numerous  and  important,  for  it 
included  within  its  import  thoae  mer* 
chants  and  burgesses  who  had  sttiined  per- 
sonal wealthby  commerce  and  trade,  theofk. 
they  might  not  perhaps  possess  in  land  the 
value  of  a  thegen*  s  fee.  To  this  latter 
case  Ine  also  alludes  in  a  passage  (c.  40) 
respecting  the  amouat  of  the  Qrrawite. 
which  is  assessed  by  him  in  the  same  pro- 
portions as  the  were.  fSee  Fted.  Bdw. 
ad  finem.)  He  says,  "If  a  gesithcand- 
man  holding  land  neglbet  the  tfrd,  he 
shall  be  fined  120  riiiUings  and  lose  hie 
land;  ifhe  does  not  hold  land,  60shillinf|s; 
and  the  ceorlish  man  30  shiUinge."  The- 
wite  of  the  gesithcundman  is  tiisfeiMe 
tbe  same  as  that  of  the  twelfhynd,  (AMbed*e 
Laws,  c.  30.)  In  the  Jud.  Civ-  Lond. 
(the  section  concerning  weregilds,)  the 
were  of  a  <*mas8thegen"  or  priest,  and 
of  a  worldthegen,  is  2000  thrymses.  The 
same  document  also  says,  "  If  a  oeorl 
thrive  so  that  he  have  a  helmet,  breast- 
plate, and  gold-hilted  sword,  he  is  itili  a 
ceorl,  (j.  e.  notwithstanding  these  were 
the  appropriate  arms  of  the  thegen) ;  but 
if  his  son  and  his  son's  son  thrive  to  that 
degree  that  they  have  so  much  land,  thdr 
offspring  shall  be  of  gesithcund  kin,  and 
the  were  shall  be  2000  thrymsas,*'  i.  e, 
t  thegen's  were,    Thii  clearly  evinoea 


1844.]      On  the  Detfchpement  of  the  An^lo^Baxon  Ealdordom. 

to  the  ealdordom.  It  is  observabte 
til  at  ihh  uie  of  the  word  U  found  in 
the  firat  instance  exclusively  amougat 
the  Anglic  nations  of  England,  though 
after  the  Danish  conquest  it  was  gene- 
ralised throughout  the  couutry. 

Aftertbesubjection  of  the  kingdom  of 
the  Hwiccas,  the  r^^ulus,  or  §ubrPt/uluM 
(as  he  waa  then  also  called) »  was 
retalnei)  in  the  character  of  eorl  of 
the  province  j  and  this  new  title  some- 
times appears  as  an  adjunct  to  the  old 
appellation,  and  at  others  to  have 
entirely  superseded  it.* 

In  a  charter  of  ^thelbald  King  of 
Mercia,  (a*d.  736,)  Ethelric  of  the 
Hwiccas  ii  styled  **  Subregutus  attjue 
comes  gloriosissimi  principia  .-EtheU 
ba[d)."t  Again,  in  a  charter  q(  the 
same  monarch,  (the  date  of  which  is 
between  723  and  737,)  "  Reveren- 
tissrmo  comiti  meo  mihtque  satis 
earn,  filio  quondam  Hwicciorum  regis 
Osheraes  ^Ethelricsc/'  And  in  a 
charter  of  Archbishop  Nothhelni, 
(between  734  and  737,)  "Gtorioaitsiisus 


470 


th^  the  remote  ancestor  and  the  two 
taeceeding  generations  remdned  sixhynd, 
but  the  eniuing  race  became  iwelfhynd, 
or  full  thegcn. 

*  The  e^stence  of  this  eorldom, 
which  is  clearly  distingukhed  as  well  from 
the  prior  ealdordom  as  the  kter  eorldom, 
has  not  received  the  attention  which  k 
claims.  Sir  Francis  PalgraTC,  (vol.  II. 
p.  ccchi.)  from  a  passage  in  Ethel  ward, 
considers  it  certain,  or  neartjr  %o,  that  in 
hiB  time  the  title  of  eorl  was  not  employed 
by  the  Anglo-Saxons  as  denoting  a  tpeciAc 
dignity.  In  this  respect,  though  be  has 
avoided  the  pecaliar  errors  of  Dr.  Henry 
and  his  school^  by  whom,  from  ignorance 
of  the  language »  the  signification  of  the 
two  titles  was  eonfonnded,  he  has  fallen 
into  another  equidlv  as  great. 

t  KembVs  Cod,  Diplom.  vol.  I,  Nos.  «0, 
fi2,  83^  131.  By  the  composers  of  the 
Anglo-Saion  Diplomata^  and  all  other 
seen  rate  latinisti^  the  words  etuje  and 
comet  are  never  interchanged  as  ideatieil 
termsA  but  the  one  invariably  reprManta 
the  eatdorman  and  the  other  tne  eorl. 
Aster's  constant  use  of  the  word  eomt* 
for  ealdorman,  does  not  invmlidate  this 
nile,  for,  being  a  foreigner,  the  want 
of  strict  Anglo-Ssjcon  technicality  easily 
explains  itaelf.  His  use  of  comes  U 
borrowed  from  the  Continent ;  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  phrase  **  vassallui,*'  which 
is  also  employed  by  themi  but  b  totally 
unknown  to  A^glo-Sanm  law. 


Mercensiom  rex  ^Ethelred  cum  comite 
ano  subregulo  Hwicciorum  Oshero." 
In  a  charter  of  a  later  dale,  viz,  777, 
to  which  Offa  of  Mercia  and  Aldred  of 
the  Hwiccas  were  parties,  the  latter 
is  not  called  cmnes  or  eorl,  but  dux 
or  eaidorman*  The  expressions  are 
"  Subrcgulo  raeo,  Afdredo,  videlicet 
duce  propria^  gentis  Hwicciorum/* 

The  next  innovation  upon  the  eal- 
dordom took  place  in  the  reign  of 
Alfred  the  Great,  by  whom  the  whole 
of  Mercia,  on  its  rescue  from  the  Danea « 
was  erected  into  one  principality.J 

in  874,  the  Danes  had  expelled 
Burhrcd  the  last  king  of  the  Mercians, 
and  occupied  his  entire  kingdom^ 
which  thenceforth  formed  a  principal 
portifiu  of  the  Denalage.  In  886. 
Alfred  recovered  it,  and  gave  it  to  his 
son-i  n  *  law  ^Ethclrcd,  with  the  appoint- 
ment of  "caldorman  and  hlaford"  of 
the  Mercians.  On  his  death  in  912 
he  was  succeeded  by  his  wife  >Ethcl- 
flied,  the  klafdige  of  the  Mercians, 
who  dietl  in  920  or  922,  and  a  few 
months  after  her  daughter  and  suc- 
cessor Hffilfwin  waa  despoiled  of  her 
power  by  Eadward,  and,  in  the  words 
of  the  historian,  "  him  cyrde  to  call 
se  Iheodscype  on  Myrc-naland."  He 
accordingly  assumed  Mercia  into  bia 
own  hands, 

Alfred  had  erected  Mercia  into  a 
fief.  He  would  appear  to  have  con- 
tented himself  with  the  immediate 
government  of  his  patrimonial  king- 
dom of  Weasex,  and  from  the  di«- 
orderf  d  state  of  the  times  to  have  pre- 
ferred the  retention  of  Mercia  under 
a  similar  scheme  of  government  to  that 
which  it  was  formerly  subject  to.     It 


;  The  fief  of  Mercia  would  appear  to  have 
been  granted  to  ^thelred  and  jEtheWstd 
jointly.  This  is  intimated  by  a  charter  of 
the  former  in  Kemblc's  Diplomata,  voL 
II,  No.  330,  also  the  chartera  of 
Wigferth  and  Werfrith  in  the  same  volnme, 
(Nos,  340,  341).  In  a  joint  charter  of 
Eadward  and  ^thelred  (No,  338)  are  the 
following  remarkable  expressions.  **Mihci^ 
redum  quoque  et  ^Ethelll«dam  qui  tunc 
priocipatam  ct  potestatcm  gentis  Mercio- 
nim  sub  pneiUctoregc  tennemnt;*'  ajid  a 
charter  of  WerfHth,  (ib.  339,)  is  signed, 
**  ifCthred  aldorman  and  ifithelflRd  Mercoa 
hlafordas.^'  ThiA  fact  alone  can  explain 
the  succession  of  iEthelft«d  ou  her 
httsbaad'i  death* 


480  On  ike  Development  of  the  Anglo-Sason  EMoriom.    iMaj, 

in  fact  became  a  palatinate,  the  holder 
of  which  owed  fealty  to  the  West- 
Saxon  suzerain.  His  powers  and 
privileges  far  exceeded  in  extent  and 
importance  those  which  had  usually 
characterized  the  caldordom ;  and 
Asser,  the  friend  and  chaplain  of  Alfred, 
did  not  hesitate  to  dignify  .Ethelred 
with  the  style  of  king.  In  speaking 
of  the  additional  gift  of  the  city  of 
London  made  by  Alfred  to  that  prince, 
he  says,  "  Genero  suo-EtheredoMerci- 
oiiim  comiti  commendavit  servandam, 
•d  quem  regem  omnes  Angli  et  Saxones 
qui  prius  ubique  dispersi  fuerant  aut 
cum  paganis  sub  captivitate  erant 
▼oluntarie  convcrterunt  et  suo  dominio 
te  snbdiderunt."* 

There  is  another  passage  also  in  the 
same  historian  which  is  clearer  and 
more  definite  on  the  subject.  In  de- 
scribing the  submission  to  Alfred  of  a 
prince  of  South  Wales,  he  says, "  Regis 
dominio  cum  omnibus  suis  eadem  con- 
ditione  se  subdidit,  ut  in  omnibus  regie 
▼oluntati  sic  obediens  esset,  sicttti 
jEthered  cum  Mercii$/'f 

The  terms  applied  bv  the  Saxon 
chronicler  to  express  tiie  authority 
both  of  j£thcl(iKd  and  her  daughter 
are  equally  peculiar  and  distinct.  Of 
the  first  he  says,  "  Myrcna  anwtald 
mid  riht  hlaforddomehealdendewses  ;"X 
and  of  the  other,  "  oelces  anicealdei  on 
Myrcnum  benumcn."§  It  must  be 
remarked  here,  that  the  word  anwtald 
signifies  imperial  power,  and  is  gene- 
rally employed  in  that  sense  in  the 
Anglo-Saxon  laws  and  chronicles. || 
The  phraseology  also  of  the  charters 
ofiEthelred  and  iGthelflsd  is  that  of 
rtguU,^ 

From  the  expressions  of  the  Saxon 
Chronicle  in  mentioning  the  resurap- 
tion  of  Mercia  by  Eadward  the  elder, 
it  may  be  inferred  that  it  was  then 
placed  on  the  same  footing  as  Wessex, 
and  that  the  ancient  eaUlormen  were 
reappointed  to  the  shires  as  under  its 
kings.**  This  however  did  not  continue 


t  P.  52. 
$  Sax.  Chron.  A.D. 


*  Sax.  Chron. 

X  Ibid.  p.  4D. 
92(»,  922. 

II  Laws  of  Hlotbsere,   Athelstan,   &c. 
Sax.  Chron.  A.D.  918,  921,  &c. 

f  Vide  Charter  (No.  311),  Kemble's 
Cod.  Diplom.  Sec. 

••  The  laws  of  Cnut  (c.  dc  comitiis 
municipalibus)    show   this  was    done, — 
4 


long,  and  the  ealdordom  of  all  MerciA 
was  subsequently  revived,  for  in 
963  we  find  ^Ifere  ealdorman  of  the 
whole  province  under  Eadgar.*  On 
his  death  in  9S3,  his  son  iElfric  was 
appointed  in  his  place.  In  1007, 
luudric  was  named  by  the  West  Saxon 
kings  "ealdorman  on  eall  Myrcna 
rice;"  but  after  the  treaty  of  peace 
between  Eadmnnd  Ironside  and  Gnat 
in  1016,  which  ceded  Mercia  to  the 
latter,  he  would  appear  to  have  lost 
his  province.  It  was  however  re- 
granted  to  him,  as  before,  in  the  coorse 
of  the  ensuing  year,  when  the  Dane 
became  the  master  of  ail  England. 
Eadric  was  shortly  afterwards  pat  to 
death,  and  his  ealdordom  reverted  to 
Cnut,  who  appears  thereupon  to  have 
reinstated  the  ealdormen  in  the  ahires. 
Towards  the  close  of  his  reign,  the 
ealdordom  of  Mercia  was  again  re- 
vived, in  the  person  of  Leofric ;  bat.  as 
we  shall  afterwards  see,  nnder  an  ap- 
pellation more  in  consonance  with 
Danish  usages.f 

I  now  pass  to  the  eorldom  of 
Northumberland,  for  that  of  East 
Anglia,  though  earlier  in  date,  displays 
in  its  construction  nothing  which  is 
either  peculiar  or  striking.  J 

Northumberland  was  .governed   by 

*'  and  thcr  beo  on  scyre  biscop  and  se  eal- 
dorman.*' The  eorl  is  not  mentioned  at 
all  iu  them. 

*  Hoveden,  p.  245,  LL.  EadgmrL 
t  There  is  a  remarkable  instance  of  the 
accaracy  of  the  Saxon  chronicler's  phrase- 
ology nnder  the  year  1036,  when,  in  the 
same  paragraph  which  speaks  of  the  eorls 
Leofric  and  Grodwin,  he  refers  to  J£lf  helm, 
who  was  slain  in  Ethelred's  time  (1006), 
under  the  title  of  that  time,  vis.  as  ea/dbr. 
man, 

X  In  870  East  Aoglia  came  into  the 
hands  of  the  Danes  on  the  defeat  end 
death  of  St.  Edmund.  In  the  treaty 
which  ceded  the  right  over  this  kingdom 
to  Guthran,  the  subordinate  officer  of  the 
ktteris  called  **  eorl"  (Fndus  Edweardi). 
It  appears  to  have  been  previoosly  one 
single  ealdordom,  and  on  the  death  of 
Guthrun  in  890  was  probably  reinstated 
as  such,  though  I  do  not  find  any  mention 
of  it  until  963  (Sax.  Chron.),  when  Ethel- 
ward  subscribes  a  charter  of  Eadgar, 
and  we  find  by  Hoveden  (fol.  245)  that 
he  was  ealdorman  of  the  Eastangles.  On 
his  accession  Cnut  conferred  it  as  an  eorl- 
dom on  ThurkiU  (S.  C  1017). 


1844.]      On  the  Dfvehpemeni  ofihe  Anglo-Saxon  Ealdordonu         481 

full  regal  title,  and  accordingly  exer- 
ctsed  the  right  of  nominating,  either  of 
his  owD  independent  authority,  or 
with  the  sanction  of  his  superior,  an 
ealdonnan  or  wr/  of  the  single  pro- 
vince in  which  hi*  little  kingdom  was 
comprised*  In  the  charter  of  jEthel- 
bald  before  referred  to  (a,d,  736) 
Hcardbert,  one  of  the  attesting  wit- 
nesses, is  described  as  "  frater  atque 
duje  praefati  regis/'  t .  e.  of  JSthelred, 
king  of  the  Hwiccas.  Also  in  a 
charter  of  Athelweard  (a.d.  706),  ft 
$uhregul»9 }  of  the  same  kiogdomj 
occurs  the  name  of  Cathbert,  '*  cam^s 
Wicciorum,"  The  early  Danish  in- 
vasions would  appear  to  have  annihi- 
lated this  eorldom,  and  it  afterwards 
became  merged  in  the  province  of 
Mercia, 

On  the  establishment  of  the  Danish 
line  in  England  we  find  a  further  dc- 
velopement  of  the  ealdordom,  which 
then  at^o  exchanged  its  title  for  th4' 
of  eorldom,  and  this  latter  form  of 
endured  to  the  extinction  of  the  Anglo«| 
Saxon  monarchy, § 

The  change  to  which   1  allude  did 
not    occur  till  the   reigrt  of    Cnnt'ij 
sons,  or  perhaps  the  close  of  his  owti/| 
when  we  find  the  celebrated  GodwiiT 
to  have  been  eorl  of  Kent,  Sussex,  and 
Wessex^il     Under    the    rule    of   tbij 
ConfcsBor,  besides  this  huge  eorldoiil| 
of  the   father,  we   find   that  his  son* 
Swegen  held   a  simitar  appointmeivl] 
over   the   counties   of  Oxford,   Gloa-f 
cester,  Hereford,  Somerset,  and  Berk^/J 
while  the  other  son  Harold  possessetfl 
Essex,  East  Anglia,  and  the  coanticil 


its  own  kings  until  the  expulsion  of 
Eric  or  Yric  in  954,  after  which  event 
Ed  red  the  West  Saxon,  in  the  words 
of  the  chroniclcj  "feng  to  Nortbyra- 
bra  rice,*'*  He  appointed  one  eori 
for  the  whole  province;  but  Eadgar, 
on  the  next  vacancy,  named  two.  viz, 
Oslac  for  Yorkshire  alone,  and  Eadulf 
Yfelcild  for  the  rest  of  the  old  king- 
dom. This  twofold  division  was  dis- 
continued ander  Ethel  red,  and  one 
eorl  was  appointed  for  the  whole  pro- 
vince. 

When  we  consider  the  formation 
cither  of  the  eorldoins  of  the  Hwiccas 
and  North nmberl and,  or  of  the  first 
ealdordom  of  Mercia.  we  are  !ed  to 
the  carious  reflection,  that,  whilst  in 
its  original  state  the  ealdordom  was 
ihe  parent  of  royalty,  as  we  have  be- 
fore seen,  there  afterwards  arose  from 
the  dehrb  of  the  Heptarchic  kings  the 
final  modification  of  the  former  office, 
and  the  ealdorroan  saw  himself  again 
m  the  position  which  the  antique  laws 
of  Germany  had  assigned  to  him, 

The  ^orldoraft  of  the  Hwiccas  and 
Northumberland  agree  closely  in  the 
fact  of  being  hereditary.  In  regard 
to  the  first  it  is  clearly  shown  by  the 
quotation  from  the  charter  of  ^^thel- 
hald,  which  has  been  already  referred 
to,  and  the  same  circumstance  can  be 
shown  even  more  definitely  in  the  case 
of  Northumberland.f  The  ealdordotn 
6f  Mercia,  whitst  in  the  possession  of 
jEthelred  and  his  family,  was  also 
hereditary,  as  we  have  formerly  seen. 

In  the  case  of  the  eorldom  of  the 
Hwiccas  there  is  a  peculiarity  which 
is  not  to  be  foond  in  that  of  Northum- 
berland, or  in  the  lordship  of  Mercia, 
viz.  the  retention  of  the  ealdormen  of 
the  shire.  For  so  long  as  the  royal  line 
continued  in  hereditary  possession  of 
the  kingdom  of  the  Hwiccas,  the 
reigning  king,  although  in  relation  to 
the  paramount  sovereign  he  w^as  only 
the  comes  or  dux  of  a  province,  yet 
over  his  own  subjects  he  retained  the 


•  Sax.  Chroa,  PiDkerton't  Enquiry 
into  the  Hiatorj  of  Scotlaud,  vol.  i.  App. 
No. XIX.  MSS.  Bib,  Cottou,  Dom.  D.  viu. 

t  Sim.  Don.  a.d.  ?69,  The  Con- 
fessor departed  from  the  rale  in  1055, 
#hen  ho  conferred  the  eorldom  of  Nortb- 
titnbriai^  vacant  through  Siward's  dcatb|  on 
God  wrings  sou  Totti|, 

Gbkt,  Mag,  Vol.  XXI. 


}  Kemble'i  Cod.  Dipt,  No.  56. 

I  This  eorldom  may  be  andoabtedlf  *U  \ 
tributed  to  the  Dane*,  and,  even  if  it  were  1 
not  their  actual  introduction,  yet  there  If] 
no  question  but  the  general  confasion  oo*  j 
caaioned  in  the  country  nt  Urge  had  ren«  f 
dered  a  complete  new  distribution  anal 
readjustment  of  the  local  jarisdictions  ab*  j 
solutely  necessary.  The  gain  in  concen.  ] 
tration  of  military  strength  by  the  eorU  J 
doms  must  not  be  overlooked  as  a  cause«  [ 
Ingulf,  in  alluding  to  these  circom<* 
Htauces,  aays,  ••  Limited  ac  termini  teni- J 
to  riorum  et  comittituum  translati  e^  i  I 
statu  veteri  longe  immutati  prout  pecvaisl 
divitUDL  in  mcntibus  barbarorura,  qui  J 
nihil  aliud  qaam  ruinss  qoierebaoti  repoa*  | 
dcrabat." 

It  Flor^Wig-  1051. 


k 


482 


7he  SoMR  Eortsj^The  Pilgrim't  Progreu. 


CM»y, 


of  Hantingdon  and  Cambridge.  At  the 
same  time  Mercia  was  in  the  hands  of 
Leofric,  and  Northumberland  in  those 
of  Siward.  It  will  be  seen  by  the 
reader  that  of  these  eorldoms,  Swe- 
den's was  composed  of  counties  taken 
Srtly  from  Wessex  and  partly  from 
crcia ;  and  that  Harold's  was 
formed  entirely  out  of  the  Dena- 
lage.  It  follows  that  the  diminution 
in  the  extent  of  the  eorldoms  of  Le- 
ofric and  Godwin  must  have  been 
made  up  out  of  the  remaining  portions 
of  the  Denalage,  as  we  know  of  the 
existence  of  no  other  eorldoms  at  that 
time. 

This  impolitic  proceeding,  in  con- 
centrating so  exorbitant  a  power  in 
the  hands  of  single  individuals  and 
their  families  (for  all  the  greater  eal- 
dordoms,  if  not  legally  hereditaiy  in 
the  sense  of  a  fief,  were  usually  so  in 
practice/)  could  not  fail  to  produce 
consequences  which  in  their  result 
tended  to  endanger  the  prerogative  or 
control  the  person  of  the  sovereign, 
and,  as  a  natural  corollary  to  either  of 
those  acts,  to  compromise  the  general 
peace  of  the  community.  This  was 
conspicuously  exemplified  during  the 
reign  of  the  Confessor,  and  to  use 
the  words  of  the  excellent  archaeologist 
Mr.  Kemble,  "  In  the  darkening  even- 
ing of  the  Anglo-Saxon  monarchy 
four  great  hereditary  ducal  houses 
teemed  already  about  to  establish 
themselves,  and  overshadow  the 
throne  ;"t  but  such  a  consummation, 
as  is  well  known,  was  prevented  by  the 
Norman  conquest. 

This  form  of  the  eorldom  was  the 
last  change  which  the  principatus  of 
Germany  was  fated  to  undergo,  and 
with  it  terminated  the  various  modifi- 
cations of  that  ancient  office  which, 
as  we  have  thus  seen,  had  already 
passed,  by  successive  stages,  into  the 
dukedom  of  barbarian  Germany,  the 


*  So  ^Ifere,  the  ealdorman  of  Mercia, 
wu  succeeded  by  bis  son  iElfric  (983, 
Sax.  Chron.  Hov.),  Godwin  by  his  son 
Harold  (1053  Sax.  Chron.),  and  Leofric  by 
bision^lfgar(1057,Hov.)  Notwithstand- 
ing this  fact,  however,  the  eorldom  was  not 
hereditary  in  the  full  extent  of  the  term. 
The  circumstances  connected  with  Tostig*s 
ezpolsion  from  Northumbria  would  appear 
to  show  this  (t6.  1055,  1064). 

t  Cod.  Diplom.  |ntrod.  p.  cxii. 


kingdom  of  the  victorioua  iDTaden  of 
the  Roman  empire  and  the  ealdordooi 
of  the  Anglo-Saxon  tribes. 

Xl«    Cm   C 

Doclort*  Commons. 


^      ,«  Lower  Wick,  mamr 

Ma.  UaBAN,     ,p^„.^^er,  Nov.  18. 

I  HAVE  had  the  pleasure  of  read- 
ing the  obsenrations  of  Mr.  John 
Major  and  Mr.  W.  WiaB.  in  yoor 
excellent  Magazine  for  Oct.  mod  of 
Mr.  W.  Reader,  in  that  of  Not.  in 
answer  to  my  letter*  in  yoor  Sept. 
number  relative  to  the  early  editions 
of  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progresa,  nnd 
am  glad  to  find  that,  since  the  late 
Dr.  Southey  published  the  L4fe  of  the 
Author,  a  copy  of  the  first  edition  has 
been  discovered.  This  I  presume  will 
solve  the  point  whether  it  was  pub- 
lished before  or  after  Bunyan  was 
liberated  from  prison  in  167S ;  and  it 
will  also  show  whether  there  is  any 
material  difference  between  it  and  the 
second  edition,  either  in  the  Apology* 
the  Progress,  or  the  Epilogue.  Perh^ 
Mr.  Major  will  favour  us  with  in- 
formation on  these  points  through 
your  valuable  Magazine,  unleaa  a 
second  edition  of  the  Life  is  contem- 
plated. 

The  copy  of  the  second  edition  of 
the  Pilgrim's  Progress,  which,  in  my 
previous  letter,  1  mentioned,  in  a  quo- 
tation from  Mr.  Ivimey's  Life  of 
Bunvan,  as  being  in  the  possession  of 
Mrs!  Gurney  of  Walworth,  now  be- 
longs to  one  of  her  surviving  brothers, 
William  Brodie  Gurney,  Esq.  of  Den- 
mark Hill,  Surrey,  who,  in  answer  to 
some  inquiries  of  mine,  has  kiodly 
informed  me  that  it  consists,  first,  of 
the  Author's  Apology,  then  of  the  first 
part  of  the  Progress,  and  Iwtly  of  the 
Epilogue;  that  there  is  no  Frontis- 
piece,  but  that    a    portrait    of    the 


*  Errata  in  that  letter : 
P.  261,  /.  36,/or  "  LegaUty," re«f  "  Le- 

gality*s.'» 
P.  262,  /.  22,  23.  for  "  the  conclusion  of 

Christianas  battle  with  ApoUyon,*'  rettd 

«•  the  meeting  of  Christian  and  Apollyon 

before  the  batUe.  /.  34,/or  *•  be  "  well. 

r«id  **go*»  well. 
P.  263,  /.  12,  second  column,  for  "to 

receive  them,**  read  "who  conducted 

them." 

/.42,ybr«'old,"  read  "Mr." 


18  J  I,] 


Cornish  Antiquiiies, — St*  Piran  in  the  Sand, 


183 


autUar  (not  sleeping),  bas  been  stuck 
in,  wliich  is  from  an  edition  after  bis 
death.  That  it  also  contains  four 
cuts,  probably  added  from  the  same 
&ubse<|uent  edition,  name[y,  Ist, 
Evangelist,  with  a  scroll,  meeting 
Chriatian ;  2ad«  Christian  aeated  in 
an  arbour  at  the  summit  of  the  hill 
Difficulty,  with  Formalist  and  Htf* 
pocrisie  below,  taming  into  other  patha 
downwards;*  3rd,  Christian  ascend- 
tog  the  hill  Difficulty^  and  approach- 
ing the  lions,  Sec.  ;  and  4th,  The  Pil- 
grims greeted  by  the  Shepherds  on  the 
delectable  mountains.  These  cuts 
have  the  same  lines  under  them  as  are 
set  forth  in  the  corresponding  cuts  in 
my  copy,  but  of  a  more  ancientapelling. 

Mr.  Major  says,  in  your  October 
number,  "  that  the  first  three  editions 
of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  had  no  cuts ;" 
and  that  *'it  ia  doubtful  whether  the 
first  edition  has  the  portrait  of  the 
author  dreaming  ;  but  the  second  and 
third  have  this  portrait.**  Now  if  all 
the  copies  of  the  second  edition  had 
the  portrait  of  the  author  dreaming, 
it  must  have  either  been  lost  or  with- 
drawn from  Mr-  Gurney'a  copy,  and 
the  other  substituted  in  its  place. 

*'  I  observe,**  Mr.  Reader  says,  in 
your  Nov,  number,  *'  that  the  copy 
tn  the  British  Museum  is  without  any 
illustrations;*'  but  he  does  not  say 
whether  it  has  the  portrait  or  not. 

It  perhaps  would  be  desirable  ta 
collate  the  copy  in  the  British 
Museum  with  Mr.  Gurney's  copy,  to 
see  whether  they  are  both  eiactly 
alike,  so  far  as  concerns  the  second 
edition,  as  it  is  possible  that  the  one 
or  other  of  them  might  have  been  a 
reprint  in  after  times,  although  dated 
in  1678  ;  and  it  is  rather  curious  that 
the  Museum  copy,  as  stated  by  Mr, 
Reader,  ia  bound  up  with  what  is  called 
the  Third  Part,  and  also  with  an  ac- 
count of  Bunyan's  Life  and  Actions, 
and  his  Elegy,  printed  in  1692, 

1  shall  be  moat  happy  to  give  you 
the  information  relative  to  our  great 
allegorist,  which  ia  referred  to  in  the 
first  part  of  my  previous  letter,  should 
it  not  be  noticed  in  the  posthumous 
works  of  the  late  Dr.  Southey. 

Yours,  &c,        Jabez  Allies. 

♦  This  picture  wmts  from  the  one  in 
my  book,  but  both  have  the  lame  lines 
uader  th^m. 


CORNISH   ANTIQUlTiaa. 

THE  folio IV ing  papers,  which  we 
have  extracted  from  the  **  CornwaH 
Gazette  "  and  the  "  West  Briton. *"  ap- 
pear deserving  of  a  wider  circulation, 
and  more  permanent  preservation,  both 
ai  respects  their  immediate  subject  of 
Cornish  Antiquities,  and  for  their  re- 
marks on  the  preservation  of  national 
remains  in  general. 

LSTTER  I. 

(7b  the  Editor  qf  th€  Cornwall  Oartiie,) 
**  Sir, — I  grieve  to  learn  that  St,  Pirau'i 
churchy  within  ten  years  of  its  disinter- 
ment^ has  become  a  ruin,  every  rcfittge  of 
which  It  seems  too  probsble  will  soon 
have  disappeared*  Is  not  this  melancholy 
fact  disgraoefiit  to  onr  boasted  civdixation 
— and  does  it  not  expose  the  hypocrisy  of 
our  preteosions  to  a  love  of  antiquity  I 
When  the  church  was  first  examined  by 
Mr.  TreUiwny  ColUns.t  and  Mr.  MicheJf, 
a  light  roof  plsced  on  it  would  have  pre- 
served it  for  igest  as  it  had  suffered  but 
Uttlc  from  the  ravages  of  time.  If  it  be 
as  old  as  Mr*  H  islam  supposestt  it  mutt 

t  See  in  our  Magazine  for  November 
1835,  vol.  IV.  N.S.  p.  539.  an  account  of 
the  discovery  of  the  buried  chiirch  of 
Peran-zabuloe  ;  and  in  our  vol.  V,  p*  49| 
a  review  of  the  Rev.  C.  T.  Collins*! 
*'  Lost  Church  Found/' 

X  In  a  communication  to  the  Royal  In- 
stitute of  Cornwall,  read  at  their  meeting 
Dec.  8«  1843,  the  Rev.  W.  Haslam  con- 
sidered that  Mr.  Trelawny  CotliuA  bad 
not  done  josticc  to  the  antiquity  of  the 
**  old  chorch.'*  Mr.  H,  describes  it  as 
AGAIN  nearly  covered  by  the  sand,  •*  dc- 
MpoUed  und  broken  doirn,  with  little  iu  its 
general  appearance  to  recommend  it, 
nothing  in  that  to  attract  the  stranger  but 
its  asBociations.'^  When  opened  by  Mr. 
Michel!  oW  were  in  gwdpretervation :  even 
the  holes  or  steps  in  which  the  ratters 
rested  along  the  top  of  the  side  walls  were 
as  perfect  as  when  the  rafters  were  taken 
out  of  them  !  The  walls  are  nearly  two 
feet  thick  all  around  \  the  masonry  of  the 
rudest  kind  imaginable,  affording  no  alight 
evidence  of  the  antiquity  of  the  structure. 
There  is  not  any  lime  used,  either  in  the 
building  or  plaitering,  but  Cbioa  clay  has 
been  used  instead.  The  principal  entrance 
was  in  the  south  side,  nearer  Co  the  west 
than  the  east  end  of  the  buildiug.  It  wae 
a  neat  a emi- circular  arched  doorwayi  of 
parallel  aide*,  with  a  splay,  having  a 
moulding  unlike  in  detail  any  which  has 
hitherto  been  known  in  this  country,  and 
which,  contrary  to  Saxon  or  Norman  cus- 
tom} is  contiaued  along  the  arch  and  down 


J 


484 


Church  qf  St.  Piran  m  the  Smid. 


Oiv, 


have  escaped  destruction  by  the  piratical 
hordes  whiih  infr.-ted  our  coaAts  in  its 
earlier  days,  and  perhapst  was  trt*ated,  eren 
by  thein.  witlireTtTcntial  care — vhiUt  the 
Refonnation,  and  the  Civil  War,  to  which 

the  sides  of  the  doorway,  without  imposts 
or  base.  Thi«  entrance  was  ornamented 
with  three  heathy  moit  in  iht  museum  of 
the  SueietT.  one  on  each  side  of  the 
sprinc^  (if  the  arch,  and  one  on  the  key- 
stone, but  which  are  considered  of  later 
insertion.  There  is  another  smaller  door- 
way, but  without  the  ornament* — probably 
the  priest's  door — in  the  north-eaat  comer 
of  the  church.  Both  these  doors  lead  into 
the  interior  by  a  descent  of  three  steps, 
which  in  the  principal  entrance  were  much 
worn.  Tbe  door  is  of  concrete,  composed 
of  coarse  sand  and  China  clay.  The  in- 
terior of  the  church  is  distinctly  divided 
into  chancel  and  nave,  the  former  lU,  the 
btter  15  feet  in  length.  The  cliancel  was 
separated  from  the  nave  by  a  rail  or  screen, 
as  is  evident  from  the  grooves  in  the  south 
wall  and  marks  along  the  floor ;  and  there 
were  stone  seats  extended  along  the  wall 
of  the  nave,  but  not  continued  into  the 
chancel.  Attached  to  the  ea^t  wall  was  an 
altar- tomb,  lying  lengthways  cast  and 
west,  not  in  the  centre  of  the  east  wall. 
In  the  centre  of  thijt  wall,  and  a  little 
above  the  altar,  was  a  small  window, 
having  a  sliglit  internal  splay,  about  two 
feet  wide,  and  round-headed,  and  mott 
probably  about  ^1  or  J  feet  high.  In  the 
aou/A  vail  of  the  chancel  was  another 
small  window,  of  which  the  arch,  the  only 
one  now  remaining,  is  the  rudest  that  can 
be  seen.  Sucu  was  /Ae  chaucelin  1835, 
when  tirst  recovered  from  the  sands  ;  now 
the  RouTH  and  east  walls  have  fallen 
down,  and  its  old  enemy  the  sand,  which 
has  preserved  it  from  more  ruthless  ene- 
mies for  many  centuries,  is  again  gathering 
round.  From  the  description  of  the  church 
Mr.  H.  proceeded  to  the  consideration  of 
its  date,  and,  in  opposition  to  the  opinion 
of  Bloxam,  who  never  saw  it,  but  who, 
reasoning  from  the  imperfect  description 
of  Mr.  Trelawny,  assigned  to  it  an  (qy. 
NO  ?)  earlier  date  than  the  1  Ith  century, 
he  cbimed  for  it  a  very  high  antiquity. 
He  showed  that  it  was  built  in  the  Roman 
mode,  and  presented  all  the  characters  of 
the  early  Christian  churches,  while  it 
wanted  those  both  of  the  Saxon  and 
Norman  style.  Among  other  facts  con- 
nected with  the  inquiry,  he  noticed  that 
it  was  the  practice  of  the  early  British 
Christians  to  have  the  baptistry  outside 
the  church.  There  was  no  evidence  of  a 
font  within  the  church  of  Perranzabuloe, 
while  there  is  a  spring  within  SO  yards 
of  it. 


defjicjiif  St. 


we  owe  the  loss  of  M 
fabrics,  swept  by  without 
Piran's  church,  for  it  was  happilf  < 
cealed  from  their  ftiry  by  tiie    frwadly 
shelter  of   the   sands.      What    rnthlew 
spoilers,  more  cruel  thaa  aoj  fonser  iii- 
raders  of  its  sanctuary,  huTa  so  qoiiUf 
laid  it  waste?   Having  weetkend ao  any 
storms,  it  has  sunk  in  a  treadienNU  (Wfaa. 
Spared  by  the  respect  of  lawless  bab,  9gfA 
preserved  bv  aoddent  from  the  maliop  oi 
open  foes,  it  has  received  its  diwtlyhlwr 
from  the  cruel  patronage  of  its  well-ipieeB- 
ing  and  fair-spoken  friends^- 
«« O  domus  antiqua— heu  q«i|ia  diqpKi 
dominare  domino  !*' 
**  The  question,  what  state  of  tbiufi 
will  justify  the  removal  or  appro|pr)atio|i 
of  ancient  remains,  is  one  which  m  moft 
instances  may  be  easily  answered.    %?^eB 
their  usefulness  or  beauty  would  aiiAr,  or 
their  object  be  lost  to  the  world,  hj  lear. 
ing  them  where  they  are  found,  the  replj 
will  be  in  the  affirmative.    The  ooin-  ^" 
last  hope  of  ambition,  a  statue  dog 
a  heap  of  ruins,  and  a  few  such  mal 
may  be  fairly  taken  poseesnoii  of  \kj  thoao 
who  feel  an  interest  in  preeerving  theaif 
Cases,  too,  mav  occur  on  which  opiviomi 
will  be  divided,  and  hence  Lord  £tg^i*« 
transfer    of    Grecian    marbles    to    this 
country  has  not  wholly  escaped  condem- 
nation, although  he  could  all^pe  In  his 
excuse,  that  the  barbarians  then  in  pos- 
session   would  probably  have  soon  con* 
signed  them  to  the  lime-kiln.    But  who, 
could  he  be  assured  that  they  would  havn 
survived  the  Greek    revolutioBary  war, 
would  not  regret  that    they  no  longer 
adorned  their  own  Athens  ?   Lord  Elgin's 
excuse,  however,  will  not  avail  any  spc^ler^ 
of  our  antiquities  at  home,  for  in  Udf 
country  the  Law,  if  enforced,  and  pnUfc 
opinion,  if  appealed  to,  would  be  8u9- 
cient  for  tlieir  protection,  and  therefore 
no  plea  can  justify  their  removal  flrom  the 
situations  they  have  immemorially  ocon- 
picd — especially  as  in   aUnost  every  in- 
stance they  owe  all  their  charm  to  the 
^euiiM  loci  —  the    inspiration    of   their 
native  abode.     Impressed  with  this  con- 
viction, I  some  years  ago  read  with  deep 
concern  that  three  heads — one  of  them 
apparently  the  key -stone  of  the  doorway 
of  St.  Piran's  Church,  and  sundry  other 
relics,  had  been  placed  in  the  museum  ql 
the  Royal  Institution  of  Cornwall !    The 
organ  of  acquisitiveness,  methonght,  has 
attained  its  greatest  development  in  the 
heads  of  my  countrymen.    Now  chippinc 
Pompey's  pillar— now  purloining  bits  o? 
stncco  from  the  walls  of  Pompeii,  or  mu- 
tilating the  tombs  in  Westminster  Abbey- 
there  are  many  who,  if  not  restrained  by 
fears  of  personf    danger,  would  steal  a 


1844.] 


DettrudioH  of  Conuth  Anti^Mes. 


48« 


Rn^tr  from  the  Apollo  Eelvyere,  or  iU 
nose  from  the  "  statue  that  eachnQU  the 
world^'— and  all  this  for  the  paltry  pur- 
pose of  pbcitig  a  misnamed  curio aiity  on 
their  maotel- pieces  or  lobby  tables,  or  re- 
c^Mng  tbe  thanks  of  &  society  of  tnriuati 
for  th^  donation  of  their  plunder*  Are 
th^n  Boctetie^  of  men  of  education  formed 
that  th^y  may  open  show-rooms  for  thedii- 
play  of — 1  had  almost  said — stolen  goods  ? 
If  my  perish  sucIj  Hocietues  1  for  they  only 
hapten  thi;  ruin  of  those  monnmeot*  of 
untiq^ity  of  which  th«y  shot? Id  be  tbs 
public  protcctori,  aa  ttieir  members  are 
|ndi¥idnall|r  the  natural  guardians.  You 
piual  pardon  tli£  warmth  of  my  expres* 
sioM  on  tbia  subject.  I  cannot  envy  him 
who  does  not  feel  a  becoming  indignation. 
!  do  not  howcY^r  write  merely  with  a 
Tiew  to  censure,  and  I  wish,  through  the 
mediiim  of  your  paper,  to  submit  to  the 
Eoyal  Inititution  a  few  iugge4tion8  by  the 
i^p^on  of  which  that  society  and  similar 
BIfS  will  entitle  themselves  to  the  gratis 
Sjl)  of  eFery  lover  of  aati(|uity.  Let 
them  limit  their  object  to  enriching  their 
mtiiSQums  witl^  ^ccnra^te  dfawlnga  and 
If  ODKLB,  either  of  tbe  whole  or  portions 
of  all  our  mncient  mpnumepts — and  let 
them  no  longer  counteQanqe  the  hateful 
tnd  most  discreditable  system  of  bon£- 
grubbing,  which  is  now  so  much  in  yogue, 
|nd  has  descended  even  to  the  minor  so- 
fiictjes  }n  this  county,  pistjint  as  they 
are  but  a  few  miles  from  any  of  our 
Corniih  antiquities,  how  much  more  hQ> 
Dourable  will  be  the  oflUce  of  protectia| 
and  preserving,  than  of  mutilating  them. 
What  tourist  who  had  a  heart  to  fcirl 
would  not  prefer  an  excursion  of  a  few 
hours,  and  the  delight  of  recalling  on  a 
once  hallowed  ^pot  the  scene  of  simple 
and  ear  nest  I  though  it  may  have  been 
mistaken,  piety  ^hich  ii  presented  in  ages 
long  gone  by,  to  handling  in  a  museum, 
»nd  wondering  at  the  rudely  sculptured 
heads,  and  crunching  between  his  jingers 
^ho  mouldering  bones  of  St.  Ptraa  and  his 
companions  ? 

If  tiomething  be  not  soon  done  to  arrsst 
the  iirogress  of  destntctitin  by  the  kiUii^g 
kindness  of  antiqtiariau  spedmen-bQnteni 
and  by  the  sy^^matic  and  wholesale 
sluoder  of  stoDe>earrieraf  mssooa,  and 
farmers,  and  by  the  ruder  but  scarcely  less 
it^uriotjs  attacks  of  wanton  ignorance, 
within  a  century  more,  the  record,  the 
ptcturti  and  the  piece-meal  in  the  mu- 
fcumi,  will  alone  remain  to  assure  our 
deacendanti  that  Cornwall  had  a  past, 
and,  no  new  abode  of  dTiLised  man,  was 
inhabited — aje  and  christianised  too — 
more  than  a  thousand  years  before  New 
Holkad  and  Kew  Zealand,  which  may 


then  be   risin|[  to  the  rank  of  empiresi 
were  known  to  exist, 

A  few  instances  token  at  random  from 
the  immediate  neighbourhood  of  Peniance 
will  ibow  that  this  is  no  improbable  con* 
jecture.  In  his  valuable  little  work  on 
St.  Just  Mr,  Boiler  baa  published  Dr. 
Borlase'f  sketch  of  Chapel  Corn  Br#, 
near  the  Land^s  End,  as  it  existed  in  bii 
time — 8U  years  since.  In  the  drawing  if 
ip  nearly  fierfect,  and  some  now  alivA 
remember  it  but  little  impaired.  It  it 
now  only  R  heap  of  ruins,  in  which 
nothing  of  the  design  can  be  traced* 
Muf^h  of  one  of  the  entrenchments  «t 
Castle  Treryn  (the  Lx»gan  Hock)  has  been 
carted  away.  In  the  parish  of  Sancreed 
Chapel  Uoy  it  now  totally  miiicd,  though 
it  is  said  to  heve  been  used  for  difina 
serf  ice  fou*  times  in  the  year  within  the 
memory  of  persons  but  recently  dead,  and 
was  eertainiy  not  tong  ago  in  tolerable 
preserration.  A  ftne  cromlech  near  tb« 
Beacon  in  the  same  parish,  whose  appear- 
ance, in  consequence  of  the  upper  stone 
baying  Bltpped  off  at  its  back,  entitled  it 
in  the  opinion  of  the  country  people  to  the 
name  of  the  *^  Giant's  chair.'*  has  been 
broken  up  within  the  last  fi?e  years,  A 
monumental  stone  at  8pamon,  near  the 
road  leading  from  Bury  an  Church  Town 
to  the  Logan  Hock;*  and  marked  in  the 
Ordnance  Map,  has  also  been  cloven  by 
the  oceupiers  of  the  hind  of  a  nobte  Lord 
within  the  same  period.  On  Choon  C  astle, 
the  most  perfect  of  our  British  or  Doniati 
(as  Borlasc  considers  them)  stone-built 
UUi-forts,  the  greatest  haroc  has  been 
perpetrated  within  the  last  20  years.  At 
SSennor,  a  large  cromlech,  described  by 
BorlAse,  was  wantonly  demolished  by 
BOme  maeoDf  about  40  or  50  years  ago, 
and  about  the  same  time  another  in  the . 
parish  of  Gulral  met  a  similar  fate  from 
the  same  craft.  A  cromlech  at  lianyoQi 
in  the  parish  of  Madron,  larger  than  that 
commonly  pictured,  but  unknown  to 
Boriase,  having  been  discovered  only 
at  the  beginning  of  the  present  cen- 
tury, on  the  removal  of  tha  usual  heap  of 
stones  under  which  it  lay  buried,  wee 
oferturned  shortly  afterwards,  and,  one  of 
its  stones  being  split,  a  part  of  it  wiA 
taken  away  to  form  the  '^  jrv'aoei**  (girder) 
of  a  country  chimney*  Crosses  in- 
numerable have  been  destroyed,  and  their 
sites  are  now  only  known  from  local 
names  indicating  their  former  existencet 
or  from  portions  of  them  built  into  the 
adjoining  hedges.  Many  which  remain 
have  been  converted  to  the  most  de- 
grading purposes,  or  have  become  objects 
of  sport  to  modem  Vandals.  At  Madron 
Church  town,  a  crucifix,  iote resting  to 


4ef3 


The  Preservaiion  of  Ancient  Manumenh* 


[May, 


the  mere  ftotiquftry,  ftinoe  it  exhtbited  (iia 
misy  others  hereabout)  in  it^  sculptured 
kilt  no  uQcertaiu  meiDorial  of  ancient 
ConitAh  dress,  was  removed  a  few  ycarv 
ago  from  the  opposite  hedge  in  which  it 
had  been  buried,  to  tbe  outside  of  a  black- 
amith^a  shop,  where  it  has  served  att  a 
post  in  the  shoeiDgof  cattle.  Little  more 
than  a  quarter  of  a  mile  further  north  a 
remarkably  neat  cross  had  loug  lain  by 
the  side  of  the  stone  containing  its  socket* 
but  it  was  DO  sooner  restored  by  the 
liberal  care  of  a  gentleman,  then  resident 
at  Madron,  than  it  became  the  butt  of  the 
minerB,  who  repeatedly  overthrew  it,  and 
at  last  broke  its  stem  v  and,  even  after  it 
had  been  again  erected,  and  united  by  a 
bar  of  iron,  their  persevering  brutality 
tnoceeded  in  its  final  deatructioo* 

Many  more  instances  in  proof  ot  my 
MMTtion  might  have  been  adduced*  The 
itMfe  will  suffice  to  draw  attention  to  the 
conservation  of  our  ancient  monuments, 
whilst  1  doubt  not  as  numerona  and 
afflicting  examples  of  the  exercise  of  a 
destructive  propeosity  might  be  collected 
from  every  locality  in  the  county.  Tlie 
case  of  St<  Piran  is  in  itself  a  host — 
*<  instar  omnium.'*  Cases  like  these 
almofft  make  one  bment  the  boasted  free- 
dom of  Eoglishmen  to  do  what  they  wUl 
with  their  own  ;  indeed  the  statements  1 
have  given  induce  a  doubt  whether  they 
do  not  lie  under  the  stigma  of  loving 
mischief  for  its  own  sake.  1 1  is  humiliating 
to  compare  ourselves  in  these  respects  with 
the  nations  of  the  continent,  where  the 
better  taste  of  the  people  renders  un» 
necessary  the  jealous  care  with  which  their 
arhliraryt  but  in  such  matters  one  might 
tay  patemalf  governments  watch  over  their 
antiquities.  For  my  part  I  almost  fear 
that  ours  will  never  be  sufficiently  pro- 
tected until  some  stringent  law  shall  have 
made  the  proprietort4  responsible  for  their 
safety^  and  shall  inflict  a  severe  penaJty  on 
those  who  ruin  what  nothing  can  restore. 
This,  however,  is  more  to  be  desired  than 
expected;  and, in  the  mean  time, the  Royal 
Institution  of  Cornwall  might  exert  itiielf 
mef  ully  and  honorably  in  defence  of  what 
lit  members  veoerate.  It  should  con- 
itiittte  itself  the  protector  of  what  yet 
itntttioa,  and,  by  the  influence  either  of 
failraKty  or  shame,  induce  the  landed 
proprietors  to  guard,  what  is  legally  their 
property,  but  morally  tlie  property  of 
every  patriotic  CorDishman.  But,  that 
the  Society  may  occupy  a  position  in  which 
this  high  duty  majr  be  eJfeetuaJiy  dis< 
ehftrged,  they  should  ramember,  how  some 
few  years  ago  the  eommaadcr  of  a  revenue 
cutter,  in  a  frolic,  or  for  a  wager,  over- 
tntncd  the  Logan  Stone,  and  how,  initctd 


of  cashiering  him  as  he  deserved,  the 
Government  ordered  him  to  replace  it  at 
his  own  expense ;  and,  as  they  have,  though 
with  less  unworthy  motives^  too  closely 
followed  his  footsteps^,  they  should  now 
submit  to  the  imperative  claims  of  those 
better  feelings  of  our  nature  which  Ihey 
have  unwittingly  outraged.  They  should 
reatorc  without  delay  their  ill-gotten  spoils 
to  the  desecrated  church  of  St.  Piran ; 
build  a  fence  around,  and  adopt  other 
suitable  means  to  preserve  it  from  further 
injury.  HsviDg  thus  done  all  they  can 
to  atone  for  the  errors  of  the  past,  they 
will  be  able,  with  a  dean  conscience,  to 
demand  that  others  shall  exercise  a 
generous  forbearance  in  future.  F, 

Penzance,  December  IS,  1843. 

LETTBft  II. 

(7b  fAe  Ediior  qf  the  Weti  Briton.) 
Sin,— Lest  '*  M.*^  's  singular  mbcon* 
ception  of  my  proposal  to  place  our  an* 
tiqutties  under  the  protection  of  the  law 
should  interfere  with  the  candid  consider 
ration  of  it  on  its  own  merits,  I  feel  com- 
pelled to  offer  some  explanation  of  my 
meaning.  But  I  must  first  thank  him  for 
his  interesting  communication,  which  at 
onie  confirms  my  conjecture  that  the 
destroyer  has  not  been  idle  in  other  lo> 
calities,  and  aK'cjrds  another  most  lament- 
able proof  of  the  greater  rapidity  with 
which  the  ruin  of  our  national  monuments 
is  efleeted  in  these  civilized  times.  "  M,'' 
has  unfortunately  attributed  to  me  a  pro- 
posal to  guard  our  antiquities  by  the  polieo 
and  by  soldiers  ;  ai  I  never  recommended 
anything  so  absurd,  I  can  only  suppoae 
that  he  has  t>een  misled  by  Dr.  Barham'a 
joke  about  Uie  necessity  for  a  "  hiU-castle 
and  sand-hill  police,"  and  hss  himself  con- 
jured up  a  military  force  which  had  not 
been  previously  alluded  to,  even  in  jest* 

It  becomes  therefore  desirable  to  ro- 
state  what  I  proposed,  and  to  do  toiom«- 
what  more  fully.  1  wished  to  protect  Ottr 
antiquiticsby  a  stringent  law,  which  should 
make  the  proprietors  responsible  for  their 
safety  ;  but  which,  of  course,  should  pu- 
nish them  only  for  wilful  injury,  or  ctiI- 
pahle  neglect,  or  connifsnce  at  the  ins* 
punity  of  the  offender  when  he  was  knows. 
This,  I  sttbmir,  would  not  requirB  umf 
force  at  all.  The  knowledge  of  the  ex* 
istence  of  such  a  law,  or  at  any  rate  the 
infliction  of  s  heavy  fine  upon  one  or  two 
by  way  of  example,  would  mske  the  land- 
holders  wide  awake,  and  for  their  own  in- 
terest I  key  would  proeecvte  any  one  at- 
tempting the  work  of  destruction,  which 
they  might  do,  cither  by  suing  him  for  n 
treapasa,  or  indicting  him  for  the  maliciooi 
injitry  of  property.    If  the  law  oa  thia 


i 


18440 


The  British  Arch^ohgicat  Association 


point  be  not  sufficiently  precise  already, 
one  clause  of  the  act  for  rendering  the 
proprietors  rcupfmsible  might  enable  them 
eflectually  to  punish  the  culprit.  With 
aach  an  act  banging  over  their  own  hcails 
there  can  be  no  doubt  they  they  would  be 
more  vigilant  than  any  police;  anid  the 
lavtr,  1  may  hint^  b,  after  all,  a  strooj^^r 
protection  than  the  soldiery.  I  will  not 
me^iure  the  quant  it  ui  of  punUbment  I 
think  desir&hte.  Let  it^  however,  be  as 
severe  aa  the  administrators  of  the  law 
can  he  lupposed  willing  to  indict ;  for, 
unhappily,  to  attempt  more  wowld  (tecure 
impunity  to  the  offender  by  enlisting  a 
morbid  sympathy  in  hi*  behalf. 

1  am  liappy  to  Iind  that  I  am  not  alone 
in  proposing  a  scheme  which  *•  >I,"  pro- 
bably regardi  as  Utopian .  A  day  or  two  ago 
a  prospectaa  was  put  into  my  hands  which 
has  been  recently  issued  by  some  members 
of  the  Antiquarian  Society  in  London. 
Their  plan  is,  to  form^  in  connection  with 
that  society,  an  Association,  with  corres- 
ponding members  throughout  the  king- 
donii*  which  shall  have  as  oue  of  its  chief 
objects  the  preservation  of  our  remaining 
monuments  of  antiquity,  and  the  solicita- 
tion of  the  atrentioD  of  Government  to  the 
suibject  I  and  how  the  Goverument  can  act 
in  iim  matter  except  through  the  medium 
of  Parliament,  and  by  the  strong  aroa  of  the 
law,  I  am  at  alofi  to  understand.  I  feel  con- 
fident that  the  intelligent  men  of  whom  the 
largest  and  most  influential  part  of  the  pro- 
prietors consist  will  not  be  opposed  to  such 
a  measure  ;  they  are  not  the  wrong-doers. 
The  mischief  has  been  carried  on  by  the 
smaU  proprietors^  teQants^and,  above  all,  by 
the  o^etf/s,  in  every  case  which  has  fallen 
intler  my  notice^  where  it  has  not  been 
perpetrated  by  wanton  ignorance.  And 
as  to  giving  the  landed  proprieters  full 
power  to  punish  any  miscreant  who  may 
plunder  or  deface  the  antiquities  on  their 
estatefi,  it  cannot  he  supposed  that  theee 
monuments^  which  in  a  moral  point  of 
view  are  i^trictly  national,  and  have  occu- 
pied the  same  position  for  agc5»  arc  less 
legitimate  objects  of  protection  than  the 
bird,  which  visits  my  fielii  to-day  and  my 
neighbour's  to  morrow,  and  may  have 
been  hatched  tea  miles  off,  or  nobody 
knows  whcTe.    One  gentleman, f  who  has 

♦  This  allndea  to  the  British  Arrhieo- 
logical  Association,  the  establishment 
and  progress  of  which  we  have  elsewhere 
narrated, 

t  Sir  Charles  Lemon,  MP.  for  the 
county^  offered  to  purchase  the  Tal-men 
in  Constantinc  Parish,  on  hearing  that 
the  proprietor  waa  about  to  hhi^t  it  for 
building  stooes,  when  the  man  attempted 


already  made  i  moat  praiseworthy  attempt 
to  avert  the  ruia  of  a  great  natural  curiosity 
which  was  one  of  the  lions  of  our  coonty, 
is,  I  am  happy  to  understand,  deeply  in- 
terested in  the  presevation  of  our  anti* 
qui  ties.  To  him,  therefore,  1  won  Id  ear- 
nestly appeal  to  introduce  into  Farliamcnti 
or  to  second  in  his  place*  such  a  measure 
as  shall  save  our  country  from  the  infamy 
of  destroying  the  mooumeots  of  its  olden 
time. 

One  argument  used  by  "  M,"  against 
the  interference  of  law  seems  to  be  that 
the  progress  of  education  amongst  the 
people  will  inspire  a  better  taste,  and 
render  the  protection  of  a  law  unnecessary* 
I  gladly  acknowledge  that  amongst  well- 
cducated  men  there  is  a  respect  for  these 
things  which  either  did  not  exist  at  all*  or 
or  but  very  feebly,  even  in  the  same  class  a 
hundred  years  ago,  as  may  be  understood 
from  the  contempt  which  Addison  ex- 
presses for  the  Gothic  so  freqncatly  in  his 
Spectatorii.  Tbe  cases,  however,  I  hare 
already  adduced,  and  I  know  many  more 
of  recent  destruction,  afford  little  ground 
for  hope  that  the  elementary  education  ^ 
which  alone  it  can  be  supposed  possible  to 
ditfusc  widely  amongst  the  peo)de,  will  in- 
spire much  taste.  If  I  might  sport 
metaphysical  question,  I  should  say 
in  some  persons,  and  even  in  whole 
tions,  there  is  an  intuitive  good  taste, 
in  those  not  so  gifted  by  nature  good  taite 
scldoui  appears,  eitcept  ai  one  of  the  last 
results  of  mental  cultivation  and  high  re- 
finement. But,  even  supposing  that  edu- 
cation will  work  this  marvel  generally ^  is 
there  no  reason  to  fear  that  long  before  the 
fdcnlty  is  acquired  the  monuments  which 
it  is  e.tpected  to  preserve  and  respect  will 
have  ceased  to  exist  ?  The  causes  for  such 
an  apprehension  are  sufficiently  obvious  ; 
the  unexampled  spread  of  our  daily-in- 
creasing population  into  the  most  secluded 
districts  unveils  to  public  ga2e  those  monu- 
ments which  were  formerly  little  known 
and  seldom  seeni  and  the  demand  for 
stone  for  the  new  house*,  &c.,  everywhere 
building  will  shortly  consign  the  remain- 
der, as  it  has  so  many  already,  to  the 
tender  mercies  of  the  stone-carrier  and 
the  macon.  As  a  single  specimen  of  this 
sort  of  procednre  in  the  now  deD«ely- in- 
to take  advantage  of  his  generous  inter- 
ference by  demanding  jf  500,  I  fear  the 
negotiation  has  fulled  ;  bnt  the  Govern- 
ment, who  are  the  chief  purchasers  in  that 
neighbourhood,  have  notified  their  rt-fusal 
of  stone  so  obtained.  For  n  plate  and 
description  of  the  TtM-mcn  see  lloHase'i 
Antiquities,  2d  edit,  p.  147.  Uorlase 
considers  it  was  a  rock  idol. 


I  in- 
but      I 


babited  parish  of  St.  Just  in  Penwith,  I 
BUT  mention  that  some  of  the  circles  de- 
icnbed  by  Mr.  Boiler  only  two  years  ago 
can  no  longer  be  found.  They  have  been 
Vfed  in  bailding  cottages,  &c.  &c.  although 
fai  St.  Jast  stones  are  probably  more 
plentiful  than  bUckberries. 

I  will  only  add,  that  I  rejoice  to  find 
fliat,  howerer  we  may  differ  as  to  the 
means  required  to  prevent  this  irreparable 
mischief,  the  Secretary  of  the  Royal  In- 
stitution of  Cornwall  and  '<  M.''  do  not 
yield  to  myself  in  the  anxiety  to  ssrfc  our 
antiquities  from  impending  ndh,  and  I 
hope  that  the  discussion  df  the  subject 
berore  the  pubHc  will  have  helped  to  roftse 
ererr  man  of  infiuence  in  the  county  to 
the  discharge  of  an  imperative  duty. 
I  am,  Sir,  yours,  P. 
Penzance,  January  16,  1844. 


488  Memoirs  of  FouehS^^Pronuneiation  of  Bordeaux.        [Vlxj» 

to  the  facts  that  appear  so  very  new 
to  the  reviewer,  I  may  assure  him 
that  they  have  long  been  familiar  to 
me,  and  doubtless  to  others^  with  va- 
rious additional  anecdotes  of,  at  least, 
equal  interest  in  the  great  intriguer's 
variegated  career. 

1  find  in  the  same  review,  whieh^ 
altogether,  is  a  very  attractive  cue,  at 
page  235;  that  Fox  pronounced  Bor- 
deaux, as  if  written  Bonlax;  bat  I 
well  refibetnber  that  in  iny  earlv  AtifB, 
a  retrospect  bordeHhg  on  ''  sixty 
yeftrs  since,"  it  was  uniforinly  so  pro- 
nounced in  English,  by  the  British  re- 
ndentt.  1  do  not  say  factory,  for,  in 
consequence  of  a  misunderstanding, 
relative  to  the  chaplaincy,  between 
the  governments,  no  regular  factory 
was  then  constituted,  nor  was  any 
recognised  till  1814,  on  the  restora- 
tion of  the  Bourbons;  up  to  whidb 
Eeriod  they  were  only  permttsive  in- 
abitants.  In  the  sixteenth  and  seteh- 
t^enth  centuries  the  name  wras 
changed,  from  Bordeaux,  as  noted  by 
its  historian,  my  Penedictine  friend, 
l>om.  Devienne,  (1771,  4to.)  to  Boiir- 
deaox ;  but,  nearly  one  hundred  and 
fifty  years  ago,  the  original  ortho- 
graphyi  omitting  the  «,  was  restored. 
Yet  the  Gascon  pronunciation  pre- 
serves this  vowel :  it  is,  ^oord^oos,  c^ 
Foord^oos,  indiscriminately ;  for,  as  in 
Spanish,  the  B  and  V  are  convertible 
letters,  virhich  made  Joeepd  Scaliger, 
himself  a  Gascon,  say—"  Felices  po- 
puli  quibus  bibere  est  vivere.^'  Auso- 
nius,  a  native,  with  all  Latin  authors, 
only  employ  one  vowel — Burdigalai 
but  the  u  then  bore  the  sound,  as  pre- 
served in  most  tongues,  of  our  double  o. 
In  England  they  long  continued  to  add 


Mr.  UtiBAN,  Cork,  March. 

IN  the  review  of  Lord  Brougham's 
third  volume  of  his  "  Statesmen," 
which  opens  the  recent  March  num. 
ber  of  this  Magazine,  the  biographical 
sketch  of  the  celebrated  Fouch^,  partly 
contributed  by  Lord  Stanhope,  is  ad- 
terted  to  with  marked  encomium. 
But  how  far  the  commendation  will 
sustain  inquiry,  or  be  confirmed  on 
perusal  of  its  object,  may  be  Estimated 
oy  a  reference  to  the  pretedihg  month's 
publication,  page  156,  where  it  is  ad- 
versely encountered  by  indications  of 
a  singular  unacquaintance,  on  the  part 
of  these  noblemen,  with  the  most  no- 
torious and  obvious  circumstances  of 
this  remarkable  man's  life.*     And,  as 


*  I  might  have  added  that,  in  the  pre- 
tended  Memoirs  of  Pouch/',  of  which  Lord 
Stanhope  seemed  rather  disposed  to  credit 
the  ffenuineness,  as  Mr.  Alison  fully  did, 
the  nibricator,  Alphonse  Beauchamp,  (as 
1  have  rei)eatedly  made  manifest  in  this 
Magazine  by  a  reference  to  the  legal  de- 
cisions on  the  subject,)  amongst  other  ca- 
lumnies, uses  the  uuthurity  of  Fouch6  to 
hnpress  on  Napoleon  and  his  step- 
daughter Hortense,  the  wife  too  of  his 
brother  Louis,  the  foul  Htain  of  crimioal 
intercourse.  Her  eldest  child.  Napoleon 
Louifl  Charles,  for  a  while  looked  upon  as 
heir  prciiUmptiTe  to  the  imperial  crown, 
but  v\ir>,  born  in  lKO*i,  died  in  infancy,  is 
there  ii  presented  as  the  fruit  of  this  in- 
cest. Tliat  the  imputation,  similar  to 
that  which  involved  an  equal  guilt  with 
his  sister,  the  l>eautiful  Pauline,  was  ut- 
terly groundless,  every  unprejudiced  ob- 
senror  «if  Niii)oleon  will  not  hesitate  for  a 
moment  to  belicveyso  foreign,  not  with* 
5 


standing  his  unscrupulous  indulgence  in 
more  ordinary  irregularities,  was^  such 
grosti  immorality  to  his  nature  and 
habits.  In  allusion  to  the  defamadon, 
first  propagated,  if  I  mistake  not,  by 
Louis  (loldsmidt,  a  writer  not  unknown 
to  Lord  Lyndhurst,  the  exiled  Emperor 
emphatically  repelled  it  at  St.  Helena. 
**  Dc  pareilles  liaisons  n'etant  ni  dans  ses 
id6es  ni  dans  ses  moiurs.**  Yet  he  ac- 
knowledges that  his  brother  Louii,  like 
Csesar,  was  not  unmoved  by  the  reported 
suspicion,  though  convinced  of  its  fiiUaey. 
*<  Louis  savait  bien  appr^der  ces  bnodta, 
mais  son  amour  propre,  sa  bixarrerie  n'sn 
toient  pas  moins  choqu^,*'  Sec  Mteo- 
rial  d€  S"*  U^lene,  19  May,  1»16. 


1944.]       Orihograph^  of  Phces.'^Erasmui.'^J,  L*  Stmka. 


489 


tbe  i»  to  the  &,  as  is  atiLl  often  done, 
and  so  pronounced.  On  the  death  of 
the  city's  moat  ilJuatrious  son,  Mon- 
tesquieu, in  February  1755,  Lord 
Cheatcrfield,  wbohad  well  known  and 
greatly  admired  him  during  his  sojourn 
in  London,  inserted  a  [lanogyric  on 
him  in  our  newsimpers,  which 
D'Alcmbert  translated  aird  introduced 
into  the  "  Analyse  dc  L'Esprit  dcs 
Lois,"  usually  prefiied  to  that  great 
work.  !n  Lord  Chesterfield's  compo- 
sition^ the  Eoghah  orthography— 
Bowrdeaux,  is  there  maintained,  while 
the  translation  which  imtnediately 
follfiws,  exhibits  Bordeaux, — long 
previously,  and  ever  since,  uni- 
versally adopted  in  France.  The 
names,  indeed,  of  cities^  as  of  indi- 
viduals, often  undergo  strange  trana* 
formations,  even  of  those  moat  fami- 
liar to  the  world.  In  southern  Europe, 
our  metropolis  is  called  Londres ;  and 
we  say,  Elsineur  for  Helsingoer, 
Leghorn  for  Livorno,  &c.  The  French, 
like  the  Greeks,  most  freely  use,  or 
rather  abuse,  this  license ;  as  we  find 
exempliSed,  not  only  in  the  old  chro- 
nicles, but  in  the  modern  memoirs  of 
Grammont.  And  yet^  that  original 
local  designations,  in  particular,  are  of 
great  importance  in  anti(|uarian  and 
statistical  research,  i»  not  only  obvious 
'  to  the  simplest  consideration  of  the 
subject,  but  signally  demonstrated  by 
the  interesting  depositions  of  the  Rev, 
Mr.  Todd  and  Mr.  Petrie  before  the 
Irish  Ordnance  Survey  Committee  of 
last  year. 

At  page  238  of  the  same  article, 
I^rd  Holland  is  stated  to  have  read 
the  whole  of  the  works  of  Erasmus, 
extending  to  twelve  volumes  folio  j 
but  the  edition  here  necessarily  al- 
luded to  was  that  of  Leclerc 
(»^iXoir<iFor),  printed  at  Leyden,  in 
1701— 170G  (Gent.  Mag.  for  June 
1813,  p.  590),  which  contains,  in  re- 
gular enumeration,  only  ten  volumes  ; 
eo  that  Lord  Holland's  copy  must 
have  been  subdivided,  as  the  bulky 
tomes  often  are.  The  original  collec- 
tion, published  in  1540,  at  Basil,  by 
the  sons  of  Frobeniua,  the  author's 
attached  friend,  and  their  brother-in- 
law,  Episcopius,  forms  eight  volumes 
in  folio*  But  it  is  totally  eclipsed  by 
Leclerc 's  edition. 

This  incidental  mention  of  Erasmus 
induces  the  recollection,  and^  from  its 

GfiJiT,  Mag*  Vol,  XXL 


literary  import,  will,  I  hope*  jastify 
the  introduction,  of  the  following  little 
circumstance  connected  with 

**  that  great  nam0    [tbsmo,** 

The  glory  oi  the  priesthood,   and  the 

as  characterised  by  Pope. 

In  the  M^tJifiana^  tome  ii.  pige 
39^«  appears  an  epitaph,  pointed,  with 
a  double  violation  of  metre,  and  ridi- 
culous play  on  the  .word,  against  this 
accomplished  scholar,  to  whom  the 
principal  influence  in  the  restoration 
of  letters  is  universally  and  Justly  as- 
signed.    It  runs  thus — 

**  Hie  jncet  Erasmus,  qui  quondam  tnt 

mus, 
Rodcre  qui  Bolitus,  roditur  a  vermlbus.*' 

On  which  Manage  remarks^  that 
the  author,  when  asked  w^hy  he  had 
made  the  first  syllable  of  vermihui 
short,  replied  that,  finding  he  had 
made  the  first  syllable  of  bonus  long, 
he  thus  counterpoised  and  neutralised 
the  false  quantity,  which  he  considered 
a  sufficient  corrective  of  the  error  ; 
pretty  much  as  the  criminal  codes 
view  the  forfeiture  of  a  second  life, 
that  of  the  culprit,  as  the  best  cor- 
rective of  a  prior  homicide.  The 
learned  Menage  adds,  that  he  did 
uot  recollect  the  name  of  ihts  sapient 
prosodian  ;  nor  does  his  equally 
learned  and  far  more  tasteful  con* 
tinuator  and  critic,  La  Monnoy e,  su  pply 
the  defect,  which,  however,  I  am 
enabled  to  do.  It  was  Jacobws  Lopez 
Stunica,  a  doctor  of  divinity  at  Alcala 
de  Henares,  or  Complulum,  renowned 
both  for  its  university,  and  as  the 
birth-place  of  Cervantes.  Stunica  hid 
written  against  Erasmus  and  the  in- 
novatioDs  of  the  day,  which  roused 
the  ire  and  provoked  the  ridicule  of 
their  impetuous  and  little  scrupulous 
advocate,  Ulrick  Von  Hiitten,  in  his 
famed  Dunciadt  the  "  Epistote  Ob- 
scurorum  Virorum."  (Lond.  1701* 
12 mo.)  Yet  Stunica *s  ascertained 
co-operation  In  the  noble  Compluten- 
sian  Polyglott  may  well  be  assumed 
as  a  warrant  of  no  ordinary  attain- 
ments, albeit  in  them  may  not  be 
comprised  poetic  taste  or  a  metrical 
ear  ;  for  to  no  work  is  the  Christian 
world  more  largely  indebted  than  to 
this  inestimable  repository  of  the 
earliest  impressions  of  various  texts  of 
the  Bible.  The  report  of  his  mission 
to  Home  m  search  of  mtnuscripti  for 
3H 


490         EfMUt  Oi$ewmwm  Vtmnm.—Pki^  Vm  HSUm.        (Mmf, 

Bayle  (art.  Erasme,  note  M)  umamg 
the  beneficial  fruits  of  readiMg ;  bat  it 
if,  I  beliere,  on  record,  that  a  a  word- 
wound  in  a  doel  has  aimilarly  antici* 
pated  the  application  of  tfie  aodpal 
or  lancet  in  diflpelling  a  gathtriag  in* 
posthome ;  and  I  heard  old  Mr.  Wil* 
liam  Barton  of  Bordeaas,  tUhet  of 
Mr.  Hugh  Barton  of  Battla  Ahbty^ 
and  of  General  Barton,  kc.  acknow* 
ledge,  that  he  owed  many  yean  of 
life  to  a  wound  in  the  knee,  fnm  a 
piBtol-shot,  in  a  duel  with  the  fiidicr 
of  the  present  ViBCoant  LteOMMV, 
which,  by  causing  the  insertion  of  a 
seton,  gave  vent  to  the  noziooa  ha* 
moors  that  had  threatened  his  health* 
The  inference  thos  drawn  by  Bayte 
from  the  fortanate  circnmstance  aiay* 
consequently,  be  in  perfect  attahigy 
applied  to  daelling--that  disgraet  to 
ciTilized  society,  not  more  abhorf«il 
to  religious  precept  than  senseleaa  la 
its  aim,  while  the  offender  is  allowed 
an  equal  chance  of  aggravating  a  cob«> 
mitted  outrage  by  making  its  aveater 
his  kimourah^  murdered  ttetim  I  No 
rational  being  should  aorely  rctar  to 
such  a  moclcery  of  reparation,  or  eaa 
present  himself  on  this  delasive  Held 
of  honour  or  spirit,  withont  fecliag 
internal  It,  and  observing  to  himself.  If 
not  in  the  language,  at  least  la  tht 
sense,  or  the  poetic  words, 

'*  Arms  amens  capio,  nee  sat  ntionla  hi 
armk."     (Virgfl.  JEneid.  IL  3l4.) 

Another  member  of  Von  HiittaD's 
family,  ooe  of  the  most  ancient  in 
Francooia,  though  little  known,  ap- 
pears to  me  entitled  to  a  passing 
notice,  from  his  career  of  adTentnres» 
very  candidly,  and  without  the  least 
coDbciousness  oftbeir  atrocious  nature, 
recounted  by  himself,  in  a  NarratiTe 
which  remained  unpublished  fh>m  his 
death  in  1546  to  1785,  when  it  was 
printed  at  Leipzlc.  (8vo.)  This  Philip 
Von  Hiitten,  sent  in  1531  to  take  pos- 
session of  Veoeiuela  by  the  great 
Augsburg  ban  Icing-house  of  Welserus, 
to  whom  Charles  V.  had  granted  that 
proTince  in  discharge  of  a  considerable 
debt,  quickly  caught,  it  would  seem, 
the  contagion  of  the  age  and  region ; 
for  his  and  his  companions'  conduct 
was  there  marked  by  the  same  disre- 
gard of  humanity,  and  exercise  of  op- 
pression, that  have  consigned  tne 
Spanish  name   to   abhorrence,    and 


this  great  Catholic  undertaking,  (and 
how  these  manuscripts  are  appreciated 
nay  be  seen  in  Leloog,  Adam  Clarke, 
Calmet,  Home,  Ice.)  was  published  in 
1617  (4toj.  It  is  rare  and  curious, 
little  known,  I  find,  to  biblical  oritics. 
Another  Stunica  and  a  contemporary 
belonged  to  the  Angustinian  fraternity 
at  Toledo,  his  name  was  Diego,  but 
they  are  often  mistaken  one  for  the 
other.  The  fiery  Von  Hiitten  and 
Erasmus,  of  a  very  diflferent  and  most 
pacific  temper,  discreet  by  reason,  or 
timid  by  nature,  did  not  long  continue 
on  amicable  terms,  as  the  latter 's 
"  Spongia  adrersus  Aspergines  Hut- 
teni,"  bears  ample,  though  no  decorous, 
evidence  of;  for  the  German  reformer 
b  there,  and  still  more  in  his  corres- 
pondence, where  the  epithet  "irmfMfft 
IS  applied,  (Epist.  704,  0pp.  tom. 
iii.)  arraigned  of  gross  licentious- 
ness, testified  by  disease,  of  which  the 
uneradicated  seeds,  in  the  then  im- 
perfect sUte  of  the  healing  art, 
abridged  his  life,  ere  he  had  com- 
pleted his  thirty,  sixth  year.  For  the 
Shmietu,  see  N.  Antonii  Bibliotheca 
Hispana  Nova,  1783,  Madriti,  tom.  i. 
Tlie  Epistole  Obscurorum  Virorum, 
of  which  Von  Hiitten,  if  not  the  sole, 
was  certainly  the  principal  author,  is 
a  composition  pregnant,  it  must  be 
allowed,  with  humour,  and  the  wit, 
rather  coarse,  indeed,  of  the  age  ;  but 
its  point  was  most  sensibly  felt  on  one 
side,  as  its  merits  were  loudly  ex- 
tolled on  the  other.  It  was  probably 
the  most  popular  work  of  the  period'; 
and  long  did  it  uphold  its  verdant 
fame,  of  which  time  has  necessarily 
dimmed  the  bloom,  for,  while  often 
referred  to,  seldom  is  it  read. 

"  La  Tostra  nominanxa  k  color  d'herba ; 
Che  vien,  e  va  ;  e  quel  la  discolora, 
Per  cut  eiresre  de  la  terra  acerba.** 
Dante,  Purgatorio,  canto  zi.  115. 

Erasmus  is  stated  by  Joseph  Simler, 
in  his  biography  of  Henry  Bullinger, 
(Zurich,  1575,  4to.)  to  have  been  ex- 
cited to  such  immoderate  laughter  by 
its  perusal,  that  he  burst  an  abscess 
which  had  arisen  on  his  face,  and  thus 
prevented  the  necessity  of  an  ordered 
surgical  operation.  '*'  Adeo  ejus  lec- 
tionc  in  risum  profusus  fuit,  utabsces- 
eum  in  facie  enatum,  quem  medici 
Mcari  jusserant,  prte  nimio  risu  ru- 
irit."    This  accident  i»  numbered  by 


18440 


Anecdote  of  Scriveriu$,  Bamveidt,  and  Grotias, 


491 


"  damned  to  eternal  fame*'  its  cha- 
racter  in  the  course  of  South  Ame- 
rican conquests.  Like  bi»  Spanish 
niodela^  too,  one  of  the  principal  ob- 
jects of  his  research  was  the  alluring 
*•  El  Doratlo,"  a  golden  dream  of  uni- 
verial  enchaEtment  at  that  time«  and 
which  so  powerfully  fascinated  the 
imagination^  seduced  the  reason,  or 
attracted  the  avarkc  of  Raleigh,  fifty 
yeara  after.     But 

'*  Quid  Qoa  mortalia  pectora  co^ff 
Auri  aacra  fcirues  ? 

Philip  Von  Hiitten  waa  a^aassinated 
in  134(5,  yp  to  which  dale,  from  1535, 
he  related  his  proceedings.  At  a  sub- 
sequent  peritjc5,  the  fatoily  of  VVei- 
ieruB  was  dtatingutahed  by  one  of  ita 
name,  **  Marcus/'  to  whom  advert- 
ence will  be  found  on  more  than  one 
occasion  in  the  columns  of  thisMaga- 
jiine,  and  to  whom  Bayle  has  assigned 
an  article.  See  particularly  the  Gent. 
Mag.  for  August  1830,  p.  13C, 

An  epitaph  on  Erasmus,  less  ob- 
noxiaua  to  prosodial  censure  than 
Stunica*s  distich,  though,  otherwise,  a 
very  coramon -place  production,  is 
among  the  "  Elogia"  of  Paulusioviui 
(Basil.  I677i  folio,)  but  it  little  de- 
serves, I  think,  the  encomittms  1  have 
seen  bestowed  on  it. 
*'  Theutoua  ten-tt  suum  cum  miraretur 
Erosmumt 

Hoc  majus,  potest  dioere,  nil  genoi.'* 

Beza's  inscription  at  fnut  of  ihe  por* 
trait  by  Holbein  is  a  tasteless  anti- 
thesis, as  remarked  by  Bayle,  tt  is  in 
the  Genevan  reformer's  **  Iconea  Vi- 
rorum  lllustrium,''  (1580,  4lo.) 

"  logcns  IngGDtcm  quern  personat  orbii 
Eraj^DiDaQf 

Blc  tibi  dimidlum  picta  tabella  refert. 
At  cur  noa  totum  ?  mirsri  deslne  lector, 

Integra  tion  totum  lerra  nee  ipsmcapit.'^ 

Such  a  subject,  we  may  easily  sup- 
pose, was  a  pregnant  source  of  eulogy ; 
tut  none  can  be  compared  to  that  of 
Janus  (*ie)  Secundus,  the  elegant  au- 
thor of  the  Batia,  beginn  ing  *'  Defunctus 
vitA,"  &c.  for  beauty  of  diction  or 
pathos  of  expression.  CatuUus,  Pro- 
pertius,  or  Tibullus,  his  models,  are 
•eircely    tuperior.    It    it«    however. 


rather  too  long  for  quotation  here  ; 
but  an  hfstorical  anecdote  associated 
with  the  Basing  involving  the  name  of 
a  compatriot  of  ErasmuSj  and  not  less 
the  pride  of  his  country,  is  too  tempt- 
ing to  be  withheld  on  such  an  offered 
opportunity,  as  it  is  brief  in  circum- 
fitancos,  and  Bhail  be  in  narration. 

In  1619,  during  the  trial  of  the  pa- 
triotic Barnveldt  and  the  admirable 
Grotius,  at  the  prosecution  of  Maurice 
of  Nassau,  as  Arminians  or  Remon- 
strants (for  such,  even  among  Pro- 
testants, wa^  the  mutuii!  and  san- 
guinary  Intolerance  of  the  period), 
and  while  thcEe  pre-destined  viclima 
were  in  close  confinement,  in  antici- 
pation of  their  prepared  sentence,  their 
friend  Petrus  Scriverius,  then  engaged 
in  a  new  edition  of  Secundus,  was 
permitted  to  consult  Grotius  on  the 
undertaking.  In  sending,  however, 
each  proof-sheet  for  correction,  he 
substituted  to  the  author's  text  verses 
communicative  of  the  proceedings,  as 
they  advanced,  against  the  illustrious 
prisoners.  Barnveldt  had  thus  thi^  me* 
lancholy  forewarning  of  his  eiecntion, 
which  occurred  the  13th  of  May,  I6I9, 
and  Grotius,  of  his  adjudged  perpetual 
incarceration,  of  w^hich  Scriverius,  iq 
the  same  way,  facilitated  the  evaaioo, 
on  the  6th  of  June,  by  enabling 
Grotius  to  concert  with  hia  wife  the 
stratagem  which  effected  his  escape  to 
the  Austrian  Netherlands.  The  fact 
is  detailed  in  Gerard  Brandt's  *'  Nar- 
rative of  the  Trial/'  Rotterdam,  17O8, 
4to.  and  in  John  Wagenaer's  esteemed 
history  of  the  Fathetland  (Holland), 
up  to  1751  (21  volumes,  8vo.),  page 
305  of  the  tenth  tome.  This  edition 
of  Secundus  by  Scriverius  was 
printed  at  Leydcn,  in  IGI9,  "  apud 
Jacob.  Marcum."  The  bfsi  certainly 
is  that  of  Leyden,  1821,  by  Bosscha. 
The  edition  of  Baylc,  said  also  to  have 
been  perused  all  through  by  Lord  Hol- 
land, consists  of  sixteen  octavo  vo- 
lumes, published  in  1820  to  1826.  I 
consider  it  the  most  desirable,  because 
superior  to  the  folios,  not  only  in  con- 
venience of  forra^  but  in  addition  of 
matter* 


tM.y, 


©W    FAVXIISNTft  OF  riGVRBD  TILES. 


Mr*  Urban, 


131,  Piccadilly, 
April  '20- 
THE  minor  decorations  introduced 
as  accessories  to  ancient  ecclesiastical 
architecture  have  mostly  suffered  in 
60  material  a  degree  from  the  injuries 
of  time*  and  atill  more  from  the  de- 
structive intemperance  of  the  XVllh 
or  the  puritanical  zeal  of  the  XVllth 
centuries*  that  the  most  trifling  remains 
which  now  exist  are  reganled  as  valu- 
able evidences  by  the  careful  student 
of  antiquity.  To  one  of  the  least  con- 
BpicuouH,  although  not  the  least  inte- 
resting, of  these  decoraliona,  namely, 
pavements  of  tile  enriched  by  impressed 
designs,  attention  has  recently  been 
mnch  drawn;  the  restoration  of  ancient 
church ea,  and  the  construction  of  mo- 
dern edifices  in  the  style  of  ancient 
times,  naturally  led  to  the  revived  use 
of  a  mode  of  decoration  more  effective 
than  costly*  and  capable  of  being  em- 
ployed in  sacred  structures  with  the 
most  happy  and  harmonious  disposi- 
tion»  The  interesting  publication  of 
specimens  of  such  tiles*  ha^alsomainly 
CO otri bated  to  this  result ;  great  per- 
fection has  already  been  attained  in 
the  re* production  of  these  pavements 
at  the  manufactories  of  porcelain 
and  earthenware,  at  Stoke -upon - 
Trent  and  Worcester,  especially  at 
the  latter  place,  where  the  identi- 
cal process  anciently  in  use  has 
been  faithfully  adopted.  Tbeae  mo- 
dern pavements  have  hitherto  been 
less  successful  in  regard  to  general  ar- 
rangement than  the  close  imitation  of 
ancient  designs,  as  exhibited  on  each 
tile  severally  ;  this  defect  has  arisen 
chiefly  from  the  very  imperfect  state 
of  the  ancient  pavements*  and  thccon- 
sequent  diflScuIty  of  obtaining  authentic 
and  satisfactory  authorities.  In  the 
times  that  immediately  succeeded  the 
Reformation  the  direct  interference  of 
the  Legislature  was  required  to  prevent 
the  wanton  destruction  of  public  mo- 
numents ;  in  our  days  the  conservative 
taste  which  during  later  years  has 
rapidly  developed  itself,  and  been  ex. 

*  Exsmples  of  Encstutic  TUest  Parts 
L— IIL,  4to.  London,  184;?.  Ancient 
Irish  Pivcment  Tlks.  exhibiting  33  pat- 
temi,  tfter  the  arigin«li  existing  in  St. 
Patrick '•  Cathedral,  4bc.,  with  remtrks  by 
Thomu  OldbMm,  LUD,  Dublhs,  4(o. 


tended  to  almost  all  psrts  of  the  realooa 
has  created,  and  is  creating,  a  more 
efHcient  guardianship  than  could  b« 
produced  by  any  government  measure  ; 
the  chief  danger  now  incurred  arises 
from  ill' advised  restoration,  inac* 
curate  imitation,  or  injudicious  use 
of  ancient  authorities.  Without 
running  Inio  the  affectation  of  as* 
cribing  undue  importance  to  any 
object,  merely  on  account  of  antiquity, 
it  must  be  admitted,  as  well  by  the 
student  and  admirer  of  ecclesiastical 
architECture,  as  by  the  artist  practically 
occupied  in  worka  of  restoration,  or 
construction,  that  the  prorluctions  of 
the  medieval  period  are  replete  with 
tasteful  feeling  and  harmony  of  dis- 
position, and  that  the  taste  of  these 
dark  ages,  as  many  are  pleased  to  term 
them,  is  frequently  as  superior  to  that 
of  modern  times  in  the  selection  of 
congruous  ornaments,  as  in  the  skill 
and  elegance  that  marks  their  execu- 
tion. At  a  moment  then  whco  the 
revived  taste,  to  which  allusion  has 
been  made,  renders  pavements  of 
decorative  tiles  daily  in  request,  a  care- 
ful investigation  of  existing  ancient 
authorities  becomes  not  only  interest* 
ing,  hut  requisite.  Few  churches  tn 
the  kingdom  exhibit  a  more  extensive 
assemblage  of  such  decorations  than 
the  Priory  Church  of  Great  Malvern, 
and  I  am  led  to  liope  that  to  many  of 
your  readers  a  faithful  and  detailed 
description  may  be  acceptable,  in  il- 
lustration of  the  varied  character  of 
this  kind  of  sacred  decoration,  the 
principles  displayed  in  the  general 
arrangement,  and  the  peculiarities  that 
occur  in  that  interesting  church,  as 
regards  the  mode  of  application. 

A  few  general  observations  on  this 
kind  of  pavement  may  not  be  mis- 
placed. No  positive  evidence  has  yet 
been  obtained  as  to  the  date  of  the 
invention,  or  the  country  whence  the 
manufacture  may  be  traced ;  it  pro- 
bably originated  in  the  Roman  Mosaics, 
which  in  England  are  found  to  be 
chiefly  composed  of  tcssenc  of  baked 
clay ;  and  a  few  specimens  of  a  much 
later  period,  that  nave  been  noticed  in 
England  and  France,  seem  to  supply 
the  step  of  transition  from  Mosaic  to 
Tiles.  Id  these*  each  piece  is  of  a 
■ingle  colour^  but  they  are  so  ^ottod 


M 


On  Pavements  of  Figured  TiUs. 


I 


together  or  m crusted  one  on  another, 
aa  to  form  a  polycliromatic  pavement 
in  regular  gcumetrical  designs.  Thus 
a  cube  or  a  qualrefoil  of  one  colour  is 
found  inserted  in  a  cavity  fashioned 
to  receive  it,  in  a  tile  of  another  colour, 
ftnd  pierced  tiirangli  the  entire  thick - 
neaa  of  the  tile.  It  may  be  remarked 
that  Little  esBcntial  difference  exists 
between  such  pavements,  and  the  Ro- 
man Mosaics,  found  in  England  :  the 
general  deatgns^  and  greater  dimension 
of  the  component  portifms^  are  thechief 
distinctions.  The  next  step  was  to  make 
each  tile  supply  a  portion  of  a  more  com- 
plicated design,  by  means  of  a  process 
which  incrustedtheornament  eubstan- 
tially  upon  its  surface.  The  process 
of  manufacture  was  simply  this  :  upon 
the  quarry  of  red  clay*  hardened  pro- 
bably in  part  in  the  sun,  the  design 
was  impressed  by  means  of  a  stamp 
cut  in  relief,  much  resembling  a 
wooden  butter-print;  acd  the  cavities 
thus  formed  on  the  Burfnee  were  usually 
fdled  with  whitish-coloured  claViSome- 
times  of  so  thin  a  consistency  as 
scarcely  to  fill  the  hollows,  so  that 
impressions  or  rubbings  may  be  taken, 
and  sometimes  wholly  omitted.  The 
tile  thus  prepared  was  rhen  faced  with 
a  metallic  g!aze^  which  gave  to  the 
white  clay  a  slightly  yellow  tinge,  and 
a  more  full  and  pleasing  tint  to  the 
red.  Accidental  varieties  of  colour 
arose  either  from  the  tile  being  turned 
black  by  exposure  to  fire,  or  green  by 
some  Q)etallic  admixture.  Some  of 
the  earliest  productions  of  this  kind 
are  supplied  from  the  ruined  church  of 
Castle  Acre  Priory,  Norfolk,  preserved 
in  the  British  Museum  ;  the  specimens 
that  exist  of  the  XlVth  and  XVth 
centuries  are  numberless,  and  during 
the  XVI th,  when  they  gave  place  to 
the  glazed  Flemish  tile,  which  then 
came  into  fashion,  these  tiles  seem  to 
have  fallen  into  disuse.  They  have  been 
termed  Norman,  merely  because  the 
first  to  which  attention  was  drawn 
were  found  in  Normandy  j  but  eicjst  in 
far  greater  variety  in  our  own  country* 
Of  this  description  are  all  the  tiles  of 
which  I  propose  to  offer  a  description  ; 
one  single  instance  indeed  of  the  use 
of  fictile  pavements  of  a  different  kind, 
prior  to  the  vniaiaaance,  has  hitherto 
been  noticed  ;  this  is  the  pavement  of 
part  of  the  Mayor's  Chapel  at  Bristol^ 
composed  of  tiles  oraamejited  with 


syperficial  colouring,  laid  on  as  in  the 
ordinary  manufacture  of  painted  or 
enamelled  ware  ;  but  these  are  un. 
deniably  of  Spanish  fabrication,  pro- 
perly termed  axulciost  and  beyond^ 
doubt  were  imported  for  this  speciaj 
purpose  by  some  Bristol  merchant. 
The  earliest  English  specimen  of  this 
kind  of  polychromatic  decoration 
known  to  me  to  exist  seems  to  have 
been  made  for  the  mansion  erected  at 
Gor  ham  bury,  by  Sir  Nicholas  Bacon, 
about  1577. 

With  regard  to  the  tiles  with  im- 
pressed designs  m  red  and  white,  it 
may  be  affirmed  that  they  were  manu- 
factured in  this  country,  from  the  fact 
that  kilns  for  burning  them  have  been 
discovered^  and  especially  one,  which 
was  brought  to  light  in  1833,  in  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  Priory  of 
Great  Malvern .  This  kiln  suppl  ied,  there 
can  be  little  doubt,  the  rich  variety  of 
tiles  which,  as  it  appears  either  by  the 
dates  imprinted  on  them,  or  the  dis- 
tinctive character  of  ornament,  were 
fabricated  at  the  period  when  the 
Priory  Church  was  rebuilt,  about  the 
middle  of  the  XVth  century.  These 
same  tiles,  the  productions  of  the 
Malvern  kiln  at  this  period,  may  be 
seen  also  in  many  churches  in  the 
neighbouring  counties  of  Hereford, 
Gloucester,  and  Monmouth.  A  repre- 
sentation of  this  kiln,  with  a  descrip- 
tion by  Harvey  Egginton,  Esq.  F.S.A., 
may  be  seen  in  Dr.  Card's  account  of 
the  Priory  Church ►  In  December  1837 
a  second  kiln  of  similar  constructioii 
was  discovered  near  Droitwicb,  in  a 
recently  consecrated  cemetery  in  the 
parish  of  Saint  Mary  Witton.  A 
number  of  tiles  identical  with  those 
still  existing  in  Worcester  Cathedra!, 
and  the  Priory  Church  of  Malvern, 
were  found  piled  up  therein;  but,  from 
an  erroneous  idea,  as  1  believe,  that 
this  kiln  was  an  ancient  salt-work,  no 
sufficient  notice  was  taken  of  the  dig. 
covery;  for  a  detailed  account  of  which 
I^  am  indebted  to  Jabez  Allies,  esq., 
F.S.A.,  who  was  present  at  the  in- 
vestigation.* The  tiles  found  at  this 
place  appear  to  be  of  the  XlVth 
century.    The  site  of  a  third  kiln  has 


4 


•  A  communication  made  to  tbe  Wor- 
cester Natural  History  Society  by  Mr. 
Allies,  and  read  at  a  meeting  in  1B38,  wafi 
published  in  the  ^'  Worcwttr  jQuroal/' 


494 


Tilts  M  Great  Mahem  Ckurdk. 


LM»r> 


recently  been  pointed  out  to  mt  in 
Staffordshire,  near  Great  Saredon, 
adjoining  the  Watling-street,  S.W,  of 
Cannock.  The  character  of  the  frag- 
menlB  found  here  in  profusion  seems 
to  shew  the  existence  of  a  nianufae* 
tory  during  the  XVIth  century,  and 
similar  tiles  have  been  found  in  the 
neighbouring  churches. 

The  existence  of  the  kilns,  which 
have  been  noticed,  in  the  vicinity  of 
Great  Malvern,  will  readily  account 
for  the  great  variety  of  tiles  which  are 
there  found.  They  are  now  displaced 
and  mutilated,  and  the  original  arrange- 
ment lost ;  but  I  have  been  able  still 
to  enumerate  upwards  of  an  hundred 
distinct  varieties  of  design.  For  the  sake 
of  arrangement  they  may  be  classed 
under  the  following  divisions  i-» 

Sacred  symbols :  inscriptions,  con- 
sisting either  of  verses  of  the  Scrip- 
ture or  pious  phrases. 

Armorial  bearings  of  the  sovereign, 
or  individuals  connected  with  the 
monastery  by  benefactions  or  other- 
wise :  personal  devices  or  mottos. 

Ornaments,  conformable  to  the  style 
of  architecture  or  character  of  deco- 
ration prevalent  at  the  period,  but 
devoid  of  any  special  import. 

The  first  sacred  symbol  that  merits 
notice  is  the  fish*  (fig*  i*)  adopted 
from  an  early  period  as  an  emblem  of 
the  Saviour,  as  shewn  by  d'Agincoqrt 
and  various  writers  on  the  catacombs 
at  Rome.  The  Greek  name  i^^r*  a 
fish,  is  composed  of  the  initials  of  the 
words  IrffTovs  XfHoros  Orov  vl6t  ^mr^p, 
Jesus  Christ,  the  Son  of  God,  the 
Saviour.  A  single  specimen  (date 
XI Vth  century)  remains  at  Malvern, 
now  much  defaced.  Its  perfect  design 
may  be  seen  at  Worcester,  in  a  little 
chamber  over  the  entrance  to  the 
deanery,  on  the  south  side  of  the 
Cathedral,  used  as  a  school  for  the 
choristers  ;  as  also  in  the  museum  at 
Worcester,  where  specimens  found  in 
the  Droitwich  kiln  were  deposited. 
Tiles  bearing  this  device  have  likewise 
been  found  at  Stratford-on-Avon,  Eie- 
ter,  and  Caen  in  Normandy.  It  must 
be  observed  that  four  of  these  tiles  at 
least  are  required  to  make  a  complete 
series;  the  perfect  design  then  becomes 
apparent,  being  formed  of  intersecting 
circles,  which  cut  off  elliptical  spaces, 
wherein  the  figure  of  the  fish  is 
inclosed. 


The  symbol  of  the  cross  is  vary 
frequently  and  variously  introduced. 
One  example  of  its  application  is  re** 
markable,  now  no  longer  to  be  seen  at 
Malvern  in  its  perfect  form ;  but 
portions  of  the  design  exist  there,  and 
the  complete  cross  may  be  seen  in  the 
north  aisle  of  the  Lady  Chapel  in 
Worcester  Cathedral.  The  cross  in 
this  instance  is  composed  of  numerous 
pieces,  which  form  a  cross  dory  of 
elegant  fashion,  suitable  to  be  placed 
in  a  pavement  of  tile  to  mark  an  io« 
terment  beneath,  (fig.  xi.)  so  as  to  avoU 
breaking  the  uniformity  of  the  flooring 
by  the  introduction  of  a  sepulchral  slab. 
It  may  be  added  that  in  many  places 
portions  of  inscriptions  formed  with 
tiles,  each  bearing  a  single  letter,  have 
been  found ;  and  it  is  evident  that  these 
fictile  ornaments  were  occasionally 
employed  in  churches  paved  with  tile, 
in  place  of  the  flat  slab  engraved  with 
the  cross  flory,  the  inscribed  fillet 
round  its  verge,  or  other  sepulchral 
memorial.  By  this  means  the  area  of 
the  church  was  not  encumbered,  as 
when  an  efiSgy  or  raised  slab  was 
introduced,  and  the  regular  continuity 
of  tiled  pavement  was  preserved. 
Instances  still  existing  of  the  use  of 
tiles  for  such  purposes  are  rare.  In 
the  Lady  Chapel  at  Gloucester  tiles 
may  be  seen,  which  probably  were 
intended  to  cover  the  whole  place  of 
interment,  and  are  inscribed — <0tatt 
pro  anima  Sojb*^^  Wertlsnti. 

The  sacred  monograms  He  and  n^c 
occur  often,  occasionally  surmounted 
by  a  crown,  and  the  scutcheon  com- 
posed of  the  symbols  of  the  Passion  is 
also  frequently  introduced :  the  exam- 
ple given  (fig.  il.)  presents,  in  the  cen- 
tre, the  cross,  surrounded  by  the  crown 
of  thorns,  nails,  hammer,  scourge, 
spear  and  dice,  the  reed  with  a  sponge, 
the  vessel  in  which  the  vinegar  and 
gall  was  mingled,  and  the  ladder  em- 
ployed in  the  taking  down  from  the 
cross.  A  weapon  like  a  glaive  or  bill, 
which  is  also  here  seen,  is  a  symbol 
often  introduced,  but  not  hitherto  ex« 
plained. 

Another  example  of  this  curious  coat- 
armour  of  the  Passion  may  be  seen 
on  one  of  the  wall-tiles  (fig.  ix).  In 
the  reign  of  Edw.  IV.»  the  Countess 
of  Hungerford  bequeathed  a  pair  of 
silver  candlesticks  ''  pounced  with  the 
•rns  that  longeth  to  tha  paieion/ 


1844.] 


TiU»  in  GrfUt  Malvern  Church. 


49S 


ft  men 


(Dugd^  Bar.  ii,  308,)  and   an    earlier 

ioBtance  of  the  mentian  of  lliis  aingular 
imitation  of  herald ry«  in  allusion  tu 
things  sacred,  may  be  noticed  in  the 
curious  inventory  of  the  valuable  eflTccts 
of  Hen,  v.,  printed  in  the  Rolls  of  Par- 
liament, The  d  e  V  i  ce,  o  r  m  on  og  ram  ma- 
lic charactefi  flurmounted  by  a  crown 
{fig.  iii.)  may,  aa  I  belieTP,  be  explained 
aa  composed  of  the  letters  of  the  name  of 
the  BlesBed  Virgicit  in  honour  of  whom 
and  of  St.  Michael  the  church  of  Great 
Malvern  wag  dedicated.  A  symbol, 
the  ancient  use  of  which  in  allusion  to 
the  Virgin  haa  not  hitherto  been  no- 
ticed, if  the  Heai t,  frequently  ao  em- 
ployed at  a  later  period  by  the  Jesuits, 
but' it  occurs  on  tiles  both  at  Malvern, 
and  in  Worcester  Cathedral,  in  tjnc 
instaDCC  charged  in  the  centre  with  a 
four-petakd flower,  or  marguerife  ;  and 
it  seems  probable  that  the  device  was 
thus  introduced  here  in  allusion  to  the 
Virgin,  whose  Feasts  are,  in  England, 
invaiiably  designated  upon  the  ancient 
clog  almanacks  of  wood  by  the  symbol 
of  the  Heart.  It  is  also  deserving  of 
notice  that  the  principal  ornaments  of 
the  groined  ceiling  of  the  porch  at 
Malvern  are  the  crown  of  thorna  with 
the  naonogram  ibt^  and  the  heart 
pierced  by  nails  :  inscribed  scrolls 
surround  both  symbols,  but  the  legetids 
are  defaced.  The  striking  emblem  of 
the  Pelican  vn lulngherself  is  found  upon 
one  of  the  wall-tiles  (fig.  h,)  ;  many 
examples  of  its  use  in  England  might 
be  cited,  as  on  the  spire- formed  cover 
of  the  foot  at  Ufford,  Suffolk,  and  the 
font  at  North  Walsham,  Norfolk  ;  it  tt 
found  amongst  the  symbols  of  the  Tas- 
slon  in  the  nave  at  Cirencesteri  and 
pelican  lecterns  forme riy  existed  in  the 
Cathedrals  of  Durham,  and  Norwich, 
and  other  churches.  Tlie  legendary 
tale  was  this,  that  the  pelican,  having 
slain  her  young,  mourns  over  thera 
three  days^  and  then,  vulning  herself, 
restores  them  to  life  by  the  aspersion 
of  her  hlood,  according  to  the  ancient 
diitkh  I 

"  Ut  pellicanua  fit  matria  sanguine 
tanus, 

Sic  sanati  sumos  nos  omnes  san- 
guine nati."  L  p.  Christi. 
(As  the  pelican  is  made  whole  by  it* 
mother's  blood,  so  are  we  healed  by 
the  blood  of  the  Son,  that  is,  of  Christ,) 
Under  the  head  of  aymbola,  or  orna- 
ments of  a  aacred  character^  many 


other   devices  whicli  occur  upon  tha 
tiles  at  Malvern  might  be  noticed  j  ai 
the  verse  Job  xix*  3li  the  words  of 
which  are  so  curiously  arranged  oa 
the  tile  (fig*  t*)»   *'  Miscremini  mel, 
miseremini    met,     saltern    vos  amici  j 
mei,  quia  manus  Domini  tetigit  roe  J 
(Have  pity  upon  me,  have  pity  upott  j 
me,  O  ye  ray  friends,  for  the  hand  of  | 
God  hath  touched  me.)     Four  tiles  art  1 
here  required  to  compose  the  set^  the 
intricate  arrangement  of  which  isver/ 
singular  ;  on  the  border  may  be  noticed 
the  names  of  the  Evangelists,  with  the  ^ 
date  a :  b :  m-X€tt,{bu      The  angelit  | 
salutation^  Ave  Maria,  is  found  on  two  j 
distinct  sets  of  tiles;  on  another,  tht  I 
following  legend,  *' Pax  Christi  inter i 
nos  (or vos)  alt  semper,  Amen."   (Tht  ] 
peace  of  Christ  be  amongst  Ud  (or  you) 
forever.  Amen) I  with  the  shield  of  the 
Passion^     and     the     monogram    ttiC, 
crowned  (fig,  iv.) 

A  representation  of  an  inscribed  tile 
of  very  curious  character,  is  given  (fig'» 
vii)*  In  the  centre  appears  a  rose,  sur*  < 
rounded    by   the    following     inscrip^J 
tions,  "Mentem  sanctam,Bpontaneuai| 
honorem    Deo    et    patrie    liberacio« 
nem/'   which   may  be   perhaps  thut  I 
rendered.    The    holy   mind,    honour 
freely  rendered  to  God,  and  liberty  to 
the  country.      This  identical  legend 
was  inscribed  on  the  great  hell  given  ■ 
to  the  church  of  Kenilworth,   War- 
wickshire,  by   Prior  Thomaa  Kcder* 
mynatre,  elected  in  1402  t  it  no  longer 
exists,  but  Dugdale  has  preserved  the 
inscription,    which   appears    to    have 
been  of  a  tatismanic  nature.  In  a  little 
volume  of  M8.  notes,  medical  recipea 
and   charms,   compiled  by   a   certaia 
monk   in   the  XVth  century,  and  j 
cently  purchased  for  the  Brit.  Museud 
(Manualc  P.  Leke.  i^t  R.  de  la  Laund^l 
monachorum^  Add.  MS.    13,t95j,  tht] 
import  of  this  strange  legend  may  bt] 
seen  t  it  is  there  given  with  charms  fat] 
fever  and  other  ailments,  and  its  ef&^l 
cacy   is    indicated   by  a  note  in  thi- 
margin,  "forfyre/*  It  may  be  observed 
that   virtue    being    attributed    to   the 
sound  of  the  consecrated  bell,  in  avert- 
ing the  peril  from  storm  and  lightning, 
the    occurrence   of    these    taltsniiinic 
words   upon    the    bell  at  Kenil worth 
may  be  attributed  to  the  popular  be. 
lief  of  their  preservative  efficacy  against 
fire,  which  seems  also  to  give  the  clue 
to  explain  the  cauae  of  their  appeai&Qce 


4d6 


Effigy  (if  Edward  Courtena^  at  Haccomhe. 


[^iay. 


on  the  ornamented  pavements  of  sacred 
structures. 

The  subject  of  such  belief,  as  for- 
merly received^  and  of  the  precise  value 
attributed  to  talis  manic  preservatives, 
and  written  charms,  is  one  tJiat  merits 
more  attention  and  research  than 
hitherto  it  has  received.  The  intel- 
ligent inquirer,  desirous  to  appreciate 
fairly  and  correctly  the  hahitual  feel- 
ings  and  opinions  of  ancient  times, 
will  not  reject  such  evideaces  with 
contempt,  as  mere  absurd  relics  of 
credulity  and  superstition,  but,  mind- 
ful of  the  signal  power  of  tradition, 
sanctioned  by  general  belief,  aud  the 
force  of  early  education,  wilt  regard 
with  tolerance  and  respect  even  those 
weaknesses  of  his  forefathers,  as 
sources  from  which  he  may  derive 
valuable  as  well  as  curious  t nfor ma- 
lion  ^ 

At  some  future  occasion  I  shall  re- 
sume this  account  of  the  tiles  still 
existing  in  the  interest ing  Priory 
Church  of  Great  Malvern,  and  endea- 
vour to  shew  the  intention  with 
which  the  numerous  heraldic  and  per- 
sonal devices  which  arc  there  to  be 
found  were  selected,  as  appropriate 
memorials  of  those  whose  pious  libe- 
rality  had  reared  the  stately  fabric,  or 
whose  names  were  in  some  other  man* 
ner  connected  with  the  annalaofthe 
monastery. 

I  remain,  Mr.  Urban, 

Your  faithful  servant, 

Alqeet  Way. 


Mm.  Urban,  March  31. 

THE  elBgy  of  a  youth  of  the  house 
of  Courtcnay  in  the  chapel  at  Mae- 
combe,*  engraved  in  the  last  number 
of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  pro- 
bably represents  Edward  Courtenay, 
the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Hugh  Courtcnay 
of  Haccombe  (brother  of  Edward  3rd 
Earl  of  Devon,  and  grandfather  of 
Edward  the  7th  Earl  of  that  House). 
According  to  an  inquisition  taken  in 
the  3rd  Hen.  VI.  Sir  Hugh  Courtcnay 
of  Haccombe  left  issue  (by  his  third 
wif«  Maud,  sister  of  Sir  Thomas  Beau- 

*  We  omitted  to  apologise  in  otir  last 
No.  for  the  tettering  on  the  Flftte,  on  which 
the  effigy  was  crronc<nuly  described  ai 
**  at  Powderham/'—Jl^f. 
5 


moot,)  Howard  Couetznay,  hia  son 
and  heir,  who  was  then  eight  years  of 
age  and  upwards.  Nothing  more  ia 
known  of  him  from  records;  but  he 
must  have  died  without  issue,  becaaae 
on  the  death  of  his  mother  in  the 
7th  Edw.  IV,  her  second  son  Sir  Hugh 
Courtcnay,  of  Boconnoc,  co.  Corn- 
wall, was  found  to  be  her  heir. 

Though  the  effigy  of  Edward  Coor* 
tenay  w'as  placed  in  the  family  chapvl 
at  HaccombCp  he  appesrs  to  have  died 
while  a  student  at  Oxford,  for  in  the 
chapel  of  Christ  Church  there  is  a  brass 
containing  the  representation  of  a 
youth,  with  this  inscription:  **V}i€ 
laeet  ^DwartJui  Couriena^  filfu^  l^it* 
sunlit  Courtcnay  fracnirf  Camtfljf 
iUflJOn  "  and  these  Arms  :  Or,  three 
torteaux,  a  label  of  three  points,  each 
point  charged  with  three  mullets. 

This  brass  is  engraved  in  Fisher's 
'*  Sepulchral  Monuments  in  Oxford," 
and  was  noticed  in  vour  number  for 
July,  1836,  vol,  IV.  N.  S.  p.  69. 

The  tradition  mentioned  by  your 
correspondent,  that  the  effigy  re* 
presented  ''one  who  would^  if  he  Had 
lived,  have  become  Earl  of  Devon," 
seems  therefore  to  be  correct. 

Yours,  &c.  N.  H,  N. 

N9t$. — Wc  have  been  remuuled  by  two 
other  correipoadents*  Capt.  Sroatt  of 
H€avitiee»  ond  M.  W.  B.  that  the  youth- 
ful etfigy  is  noticed  in  '*  Prince**  Worthies 
of  Devon,**  as  follows  :  **  At  her  {L  e* 
a<s  Prince  supposes,  Courtenay's  daughter, 
married  to  Carcw,)  feet  lies  Uie  effigies  of 
a  youth  curiously  cut  in  alabaater,  and 
finely  polished,  in  a  frame  of  the  tame, 
two  angels  supporting  his  pillow  and  a 
dog  at  his  feet,  who  may  he  suppoatd  t4> 
hftvebeen  the  bro  thcr  of  this  lost- mratioQed 
lady,  and  only  sou  by  bis  first  lady  of  8tr 
Hugh  Coartenay  aforesaid.  If  he  ha<l 
lived  he  had  not  only  beeo  Lord  of 
Haccombe,  but  Earl  of  Dcvoq.*^  Pnjiee 
ia  not  entirety  right  in  this  aawHlofi,  as 
Sir  Hugh  Courtcnay  bmd  three  wives : 
by  hia  first  be  had  no  isjue ;  by  his 
second,  PhiJippa  Ercedeene,  (the  heir«H 
of  Haccombe,)  he  bad  one  daughler, 
married  first  to  Carew^  ood  secoadly  to 
Vere,  who  transmitted  her  poaseiiiiMia  lo 
her  children.  But  the  youth  aUudied  to 
was  a  son  of  Sir  Hugh  Courtenayp  bfm 
third  wife,  and,  though  he  might  have  1 
EUirl  of  Devon,  would  not  have  ] 
Haccombe. 


■ 


497 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


The  First  Pari  d/  Neta  niuttraiiom  qf 
the  L\fe,   Sty  dies,  and  fVritings  of 
Shakt*tpeare,      Btf  the  Rev*  Joseph 
Hunter,  F.S.A.     Bvo,    pp.  120. 
HOW  far  "  on  ibis  aide  idolatry  '* 
is  the  veneration  which  certain  classes 
of    Hloglishmen    now-a-days    bestow 
upon  Shakespeare  h  a  question  which 
the  perpetually  increasing  number  of 
publications  dedicated  to  the  illustra- 
tion of  hiftlife  and  writings  forces  oc- 
casionally upon  the  mind.     No  longer 
an  attraction  merely  to  the  sight-seer 
and  the  seeker  after  excitement^  as  in 
the  days  when  "  Shakespeare  and  the 
niusictJ  glasses"   divided  the   town, 
and  formed  tbemes  of  fashionable  con- 
versation, the  great  bard  is  now  almost 
resigned  by  the  stage  to  the  student. 
Sage,  grave  men  dedicate  their  ener* 
giea  to  the  deep  study  of  his  writings  ; 
the  explanation  of  a  few  of  his  c4ibo- 
lete  words   is  stock  in  trade  enough 
for  a  would-be  gfossographer*,  a  happy 
conjectural  reading  of  a  difficult  pas- 
sage exalts  a  man  to  the  highest  heaven 
of  ingenuity  ;  and    the  addition  t>f  a 
fact  to  hts  biography,  be  it  no  more 
important  llian  the  colour  of  his  shoe- 
tie,  is  held  to  entitle  a  man  to  very 
high  credit  as  a  discoverer.     There  is 
something   a   little   ridiculous    in   all 
this,  and  what  is  ridiculous  rn  it  is 
heightened  by  the  tone  and  manner  of 
these  eager  inquirers.     Controversies 
about  lettera  and  syllables  are  carried 
on  in  the  most  ardent  earnest  way  i 
differences  of  opinion  assume  in  ex- 
pression   the    shape    of    point-blank 
contradiction  ;  the  small  que»tions  in 
debate  are  enunciated  in  a  pompous 
aoteran  style  ;  and,  if  ever  a  deter mtna> 
lion   is   arrived   at,   it   is   announced 
after  the  manner  of  Sir  Oracle,  with 
the    most   approved   gravity,   and    in 
words   the  heaviest  and  the  hardest 
that  can  be  found.     In  spite  of  theee 
peculiarities^    nay    perhaps  partly  on 
account  of  them,  the  Shakespeare  in- 
quirers contrive  every  now  and  then 
to  give  us  a  good  deal  of  amusement, 
and,  if  we  cannot  work  ourselves  up 
into  the   high   state   of   feeling  and 
Gkht,  Mag.  Vol.  XXL 


enthusiasm  which  is  required  in  order 
to  enter  fully  into  the  deep  mysteries 
of  the  question  relating  to  the  number 
of  es  and  the  number  of  as  to  be  used 
in  the  spelEtog  of  Shakespeart^'s  name« 
or  if  with  much  confusion  of  face  w^e 
are  compelled  to  admit  that  we  cannot 
feel  a  deep  interest  in  **  that  great 
problem  of  all^  to  determine  the  grand* 
father  of  the  poet**  (p*  3),  we  are 
nevertheless  fully  alive  to  the  general 
value  of  those  memorials  of  the  past 
which  the  industrious  searchers  after 
Sbakchpeare  relics  are  from  time  to 
time  turning  up,  and  the  particular 
applicability  of  those  memorials  ta 
the  illustration  of  the  works  and  the 
biography  of  this  wonderful  man. 

Leaving  then  the  nrlbographical 
question,  and  the  grandfather  ques- 
tion, to  be  settled  by  those  who  taka 
an  interest  in  them,  we  have  no  difli* 
culty  in  finding  "metal  more  attrac- i 
tive  "  in  the  pages  before  us,  and  to  it  ] 
we  gladly  turn. 

Except  in  general  admiration  of  thttJ 
poet,    Mr.    Hunter's    opinions    upooJ 
most  points  run  strongly  counter  to] 
those  of  the  majority  of  previous  in*  J 
quirers.  His  theory  is,  thatShakespear#l 
was  descended  from  a  family  which  had  I 
some  pretensions  to  hereditarygentilil]fi  I 
and    that   that   family  was   probabl^^ 
seated  at  Wrothall  in  Warwickshire. 
Such  a  family  Mr.  Hunter  traces  back  i 
to  one  Richard  "  Shakspere"  (p.  10), 
bailiff  of  the   priory  of  Wroxhali   in  j 
1534,  (ibidO     In  1545^6  this  Richard) 
disappears,  and  three  several  Willianxt  I 
arise  in  his  place.     One  of  these  Mr,  I 
Hunter  conjectures  to  have  been  a  eoiiJ 
of  Richard,  and  father  of  John,  who! 
was  the  father  of  the  poet  (pp.  11,1 2}  A 
unless  indeed  another  Richard  latelf  I 
discovered  by  Mr.  Collier,  and  resi«T 
dent  at  So itterfield,  close  upon  Strat-I 
ford,  should  turn  out  to  be,  as  Mr. 
Collier  suggests,  the   father   of  John 
(p.  119)*    Considering  the  dates  there 
aeema  ao  necessity  for  an  intermediate 
descent  between   Richard  and  Johng 
and    Mr.    Collier's   new   evidence 
rather  strong  in  favour  of  his  Richard  j^ 
3  S 


498    HoDter't  New  IlUttraiiomM  of  the  Ufe,  kc.  qf  SUketpemre.    [Maj, 

bat  we  leave  the  point  for  others  to 
deterraioe. 

J  oho  Shmketpeare  it  foaod  by  Mr. 
Hunter  at  Stratford  in  1552,  in  which 
year  he  and  two  other  per»oot  were 
presented  by  a  jury  for  causing  a 
nuisance  io  Henley  Street,  the  street 
in  which  stands  the  house  tradition- 
ally said  to  have  been  the  poet's  birth- 
place. This  is  new  matter,  but  it  is 
not  conclusive  in  favour  of  the  house 
which  has  acquired  such  celebrity. 
The  present  information  which  con- 
nects John  Shakespeare  with  Henley 
Street  stands  thus  :  Mr.  Hunter  shews 
that  it  is  probable  he  resided  there, 
but  without  being  able  to  identify  any 

ricular  house,  in  1552.  In  1556 
purchased  a  copyhold  house  and 
garden  io  the  same  street  (Malooe^ 
11.  94),  and  in  1574  he  purchased 
two  freehold  houses,  also  in  the  same 
street.  The  house  so  well  known  is 
one  of  the  two  freehold  houses.  The 
poet  was  born  in  1564,  and  therefore 
probably  io  the  copyhold  house,  the 
situation  of  which  in  Henley  Street  is 
nnkoown.  Malone  did  not  trace  John 
Shakespeare  at  Stratford  before  1555. 

Mr.  Hunter  eisroines  John  Shake- 
speare's transactions  with  the  heralds, 
and  is  anxious  to  support  the  literal 
accuracy  of  the  statements  in  the 
•eversl  grants.  Every  thing  is  said 
that  can  be  said  in  their  favour,  and 
moreover  the  memorandum  appended 
to  the  second  draft  (Vincent  157f  No. 
34),  is  read  thus,  "  This  John  sheweth 
a  patieme  thereof  under  Clarence 
Cook's  hand  in  paper  xx  yeares  past." 
The  word  in  Italics  has  always  before 
been  printed  jMi/m^  an  important  dif- 
ference. 

That  John  Shakespeare  fell  into 
pecuniary  difficulties  Mr.  Hunter  does 
not  believe.  The  strong  evidence  of 
the  fact  is  considered  insufficient. 
Mr.  Hunter  thinks  he  "  lived  upon 
the  proceeds  of  his  own  and  his  wife's 
inherited  property,"  and  "  educated 
his  son  [the  poet]  as  the  heir  of  a 
family  of  some  consideration  ought  to 
be  educated."  In  all  these  points 
which  concern  the  status  of  the  poet's 
family  Mr.  Hunter  puts  them  on  much 
higher  ground  than  previous  inquirers. 
We  confess  his  reasoning  does  not 
satisfy  us,  but  it  is  entitled  to  careful 
consideration. 

Mr.  Hunter  believes  that  it  was  not 


the  deer- stealing,  bot  soose  poetical 
lampoon  opon  the  Locvy  whicii  drove 
the  poet  from  his  native  coonty,  mnd 
that  the  lines  said  to  have  been  reco- 
vered by  Jo&hoa  Barnes, 

*'  Sir  Thomas  vbs  too  covetoas 
To  covet  so  modi  deer/'  &c.  &c. 

have  the  best  pretensions  to  be  coosi- 
dered  the  identical  compositioa.  In 
support  of  this  view  he  infers  froos  the 
beautiful  epitaph  npon  Lady  Lmcj 
(printed  by  Malone,  II.  145;  and 
Hunter,  58)  that  some  peculiar  cir- 
cumstances affecting  that  lady  most 
have  called  forth  so  singular  a  record 
of  her  virtues,  and  that  there  were 
those  who  misliked  her  in  spite  of  ail 
her  excellence.  We  rather  view  the 
matter  as  Malone  did,  but  we  are  glad 
the  subject  attracted  Mr.  Hunter's  at- 
tention, for  it  has  occasioned  him  to 
string  together  some  notices  of  the 
Lucys,  too  pleasant  and  too  valuable 
not  to  be  quoted. 

'*  Sir  Thomas  Lucy  survived  his  ladj 
five  years,  dying  in  1600.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son,  another  Sir  Thomas, 
who  enjoyed  the  esUte  not  more  than 
four  or  five  years.  This  Sir  Thomas  was 
a  scholar  in  that  peculiar  species  of  learn- 
ing in  which  Shakespeare  delighted ;  for 
we  find  him  leaving,  in  his  will,  '  all  hia 
French  and  Italian  books'  to  his  son. 
He  left  a  widow,  who  was  originally  Con- 
sUnce  Kingsmill,  a  great  heiress,  who 
had  been  brought  up  in  the  family  of  Sir 
Francis  Wabingham,  where  she  was  a 
companion  of  bis  daughter,  the  Stella  of 
Spenser,  who  became  the  wife  of  Sir 
Philip  Sidney,  about  the  same  time  that 
ConiUoce  married  the  younger  Sir  Thomas 
Lucy.  But  that  was  the  least  of  her 
merits.  I  have  seen  a  manuscript  ac- 
count of  this  lady  written  by  the  wife  of 
one  of  her  descendants,*  in  which,  among 
many  high  commendations,  it  is  said  that 
in  the  family  of  Walsingham  she  was  noted 
for  her  *  coarteousness  and  decent  sober 
carriage.'  This  lady  had  Cherlecotc  after 
her  husband's  death, and  there  she  brought 
up  the  large  family  committed  to  her  care 
by  her  husband,  consisting  of  six  sons 
and  four  daughters.  Her  eldest  son  was 
another  Sir  Thomas  Lucy,  who  was  nearly 
thirty  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  Shakcs- 

♦  Mrs.  Elisabeth  Lucy,  a  daughter  of 
Bevil  Molesworth,  esquire.  The  original 
is  in  the  possession  of  Robert  Benson, 
esquire,  recorder  of  Salisbury,  who  de- 
scends from  the  Lucys. 


1844.]    HuDter*8  New  llinslraiions  of  the  Li/e^  Sfc.  of  Shakespeare.    499 


petrels  death.  He  and  hk  brothers  were 
edlK^ted  at  the  Uaiversities  and  Inns  of 
Conrt,  acid  improved  by  foreign  travcL 
He  was  himself  returned  in  six  scveriil 
Parlbme tits  for  the  county  of  Warwick; 
hot,  what  ts  more  to  the  present  purpH^se, 
he  wu  a  icholar — one  who  delightetJ  in 
UCeraturet  and  who«e  table,  as  saith  tiis 
epitaph r  was  always  *  open  to  the  learned.' 
The  '  greatness  of  his  Hhrary '  is  also 
spoken  of  by  his  contemporaries,  and  we 
miy  see  him  lying  on  hin  tomb  in  the 
church  of  Cherlecote,  with  a  stndy  of 
books  at  his  head,  and  at  his  feet  a 
manag^ed  horse,  au  exercise  in  whieb  he 
JCTcatly  delighted.  He  was  the  intimate 
friend  of  Lord  Herbert  of  Cherbtiry,  as 
appears  in  Lord  Herbert's  account  of  his 
own  life,  and  we  mny  even  trace  him  in 
the  poetical  literature  of  his  time,  John 
Davits  of  Hereford,  in  hh  Scourge  of 
Fftilf/f  16l[»abook  more  to  be  admired 
for  the  many  u«icfnl  biographical  notices 
which  it  contains  than  for  the  felicity  of 
the  verse,  speaks  of  him  tbus: — 
The  all-hi'liJired  and  bighly  prized  gem, 
That  in  the  court's  brow  hke  a  diamond, 
Or  Hesperus  iti  heaven,  doth  lighten  them. 
For  men  to  see  their  way  on  glory's  ground. 

"  Richard,  another  of  the  sons,  was  a 
man  of  genius,  as  is  evident  from  his 
being  uamed  one  of  the  eighty-four  who 
were  to  form  an  Academe  Royal  in  the 
reign  of  James  the  First,  to  he  ass^Kriated 
in  some  way  with  the  Order  of  the  Garter. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  Baronets,  and 
was  the  progenitor  of  the  Lucys  of  Bro3L- 
borne.  WiUiam,  another  of  the  sons, 
became  Bishop  of  St.  David's. 

'*  Constance  Lucy,  the  eldest  da  ugh  teri 
died  at  ten  years  of  age,  in  1 596,  and  bad 
Ml  epitaph  in  the  church  of  the  Holy 
Trinity,  in  the  Minoriea : 

Et  q^uondam  iucida,  tuct  careti 
Ante  annos  Conttan^f  humiliSr  maDiueta, 
modesta. 

**  In  better  taste  is  the  epitaph  in  the 
church  of  St.  Giles,  Cripplegate^  for  Con- 
stance Whitney,  a  granddaughter  of  Sir 
Thoma*!  and  Constance  Lucy,  who  appears 
to  have  been  included  in  the  family  circle 
at  Cherlccote.  *  This  lady  Lucy,  her 
grandmother,  so  bred  her  since  she  was 
eight  years  old,  as  she  excelled  in  all  no- 
ble qualities  becomiog  a  virgin  of  so  sweet 
a  proportion  of  beauty  and  harmony  of 
parts  ;  she  bad  all  sweetneiis  of  manners 
afiswersble,  a  delightful  sharpness  of  w^it, 
an  offt^nreleas  modesty  of  conversation,  a 
singular  respect  and  piety  to  her  parents, 
but  religious  even  to  example.  She  de- 
parted this  life  roost  Christianly,  at  seven- 
teen J  dying  the  grief  of  ail,  bnt  to  her 


grandmother  an  unrecoverable  loss,  save 
in  ber  expectation  she  shall  not  stay  lon|^ 
after  her,  and  the  comfort  of  knowing 
whote  she  h,  and  where,  in  the  resurrec- 
tion, to  meet  her,*' 

•'  Possibly,  time  may  yet  bringevidence 
to  light  which  may  shew  that  there  was 
some  connection  between  Shakespeare 
and  this  fauiily,  in  the  later  period  of  the 
poet*8  life ;  when  at  Sir  Thomas  Lucy's 
table  *  bonus  quisque  g ratidsimus  accu- 
buit,  presertim  si  theologiam  sapuit,  et 
muMo*  imbihiti  quarum  ipse  sttientior 
dubium  an  scienlior  fueiit.' 

'*  The  Lucys,  it  may  be  observed,  have 
previously  found  little  favour  at  the  hands 
of  the  Poet's  friends/* 

From  1586,  when  the  Poet  is  thought 
to  have  left  Stratford,  to  1592  we  have 
no  inforniation  respecting  htm,  except 
what  is  containcil  in  a  paper  found  by 
Mn  Collier,  at  Bridgewater  Houge,  and 
which  exhibits  him,  in  November 
1589,  as  a  player,  and  as  '*a  sharer  in 
the  Black  Fryers  playhouse,"  and  the 
twelfth  person  in  order  in  the  enume- 
ration of  the  company.  Mr,  Hunter 
vtews  I  his  paper  with  suspicion  :  but 
his  objections  are  not,  in  our  opinioa, 
Bufficietjt  to  invalidate  it.  He  objectt 
to  the  appeftfttiice  of  the  name  of 
Richard  Burbage,  who  "  seems  not 
to  have  been  more  than  nioeteen." 
(p.  63),  If  that  were  clearer  than  ft 
is.  it  is  unquestionable,  on  the  other 
hand,  that  on  or  before  1589  he  was 
ou  the  stage  (Malone,  HI,  348),  and  so 
great  an  actor,  bred  to  the  stage  from 
his  infancy,  may  be  believed  to  have 
distinguished  himself  at  an  early  age. 
Again*  Mr,  Hunter  objects  to  Nicholas 
Towley,  Mr  Hunter  says,  "  one  of 
the  best  cstahttshed  facts  in  the  his* 
tory  of  the  actors  of  Shakespeare's 
plays  is,  that  Towley  was  an  appren- 
tice of  Richard  Burbage,  that  is,  an 
apprentice  of  a  man  who  was  himself 
but  nineteen^  and  possibly  tess,  in 
1589  "  Now  the  only  evidence  we 
know  of  Towley's  apprenticeship  is, 
that  in  his  will,  made  in  1633,  ho 
terms  Burbage,  who  wa»  then  dead, 
his  late  *'  master/'  Chalaiers  says, 
"  /  »utpeci  [be]  had  been  the  appren- 
tice or  tht  strvnnt  of  Richard  Bur- 
hage."  (Malone,  HI.  485.t  That  Bur- 
bage  was  described  as  Towiey's  mas- 
ter, because  he  was  the  head,  or  chiefs 


Hulei^  Sem  lUmsiniiofu  of  the  Life,  ifc.  of  Skmlu^^eate.    [Mmjr. 


500 

or  mftiter  of  the  compAoy  of  which 
Towler  was  a  member,  it  to  u%  qaite 
as  satisfactory  a  conjectore.  CerUinly 
Towley  was  an  actor  in  15S9  {iM.  483). 
Mr.  Hooter's  other  objections  are  of 
minor  importance.  On  the  whole  we 
do  not  see  any  g^oond  for  doubting 
the  genaioeoess  of  this  paper,  hot  we 
are  by  no  means  certain  that  it  inti- 
mates that  the  persons  mentioned  in 
it  were  proprietort  m  the  thtatrt,  we 
should  rather  say  that  it  does  not  go 
beyood  proving  them  to  be  "  players" 
and  "  sharers"  in  ike  proJUs. 

Having  been  led  to  notice  the 
Bridge  water  papers,  Mr.  Hunter  com- 
ments upon  the  others  of  them  in  a 
way  nnfavoorable  to  their  geonina- 
ness.  The  points  of  criticism  are  Tcry 
minute,  and  it  b  impossible  for  no,  in 
our  limited  •P^#  to  enter  upon  them. 
It  will  be  sufficient  if  we  direct  atten- 
tion to  the  circnmttance  that  ail  these 
papera  are  questioned  for  yarioaa 
reasons. 

The  neit  point  b  one  which  is  en- 
tirely new.  Mr.  Hunter  shall  state 
it  in  his  own  words  :— 

"  In  the  coarse  of  any  researches  of 
my  own,  only  one  docnment  has  pre- 
sented itself  which  is  entirely  anknown, 
coDtaining  a  notice  of  Shakespeare  daring 
the  course  of  bis  London  life.  It  shews 
OS,  what  has  hitherto  remained  ondts- 
coTered,  m  what  part  qf  London  be  had 
fixed  his  residence  at  the  period  of  his 
life  when  he  was  producing  the  choicest 
of  his  works.  Bat  this  is  not  all ;  it  shews 
him  dwelling  in  a  parish  in  which,  perhaps 
above  all,  we  might  wish  to  find  him,  the 
parish  in  which  many  conspicuous  per- 
sons have  resided,  and  where,  in  our  day, 
we  find  more  of  old  London  than  in, 
perhaps,  any  other  space  so  contracted.  I 
mean  the  parish  of  St.  Helen  Bishopsgate, 
where  is  Crosby  Hall,  and  where,  in  the 
church,  are  the  monuments  of  Sir  John 
Crosby  and  Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  and  of 
other  worthy  citizens,  the  glory  of  a  former 
age.  We  have  evidence,  of  the  most  de- 
cisive nature,  that  on  October  1 ,  in  the 
40th  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  which 
answers  to  the  year  1598,  Shakespeare 
was  one  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  parish, 
snd  consequently  a  near  neighbonr  of 
Crosby  Uall.  It  is  an  assessment  roll  of 
that  date  for  levving  the  first  of  three  en- 
tire subsidies  which  were  granted  to  the 
Queen  in  the  39th  of  her  reign.  How 
lon/i(  before,  or  how  long  after,  he  might 
reside  there*  we  know  not,  but  his  name 
dues  not  appear  in  a  similar  assessment 


roUia  1600.  I  have  also  ^mn^^ 
registers  of  thedmrch,  in  hope  to  find  Us 
naaae,  in  vain." 

The  words  in  the  roll  which  relat« 
to  Shakespeare  are  these : — 

Jjid.  inUiam  Shakeopeort.  •".  »tf». 
It-,  (p.  78.) 

The  poet's  retirement  to  his  native 
town  and  the  society  he  there  mft 
with  are  pleasantly  commented  npon, 
and  give  occasion  to  the  following 
notice  of  this  interesting  place. 

"  Stratford  is  designated  by  Cafladen  eas- 
poriolmm  non  metegmmM.  But  when  Cam^ 
wrote  and  when  the  Shakespeares  hvod,  thn 
gk>ry  of  Stratford  was  depsrted.  Pewtowsa 
saffered  more  by  the  measores  adopted  aft 
the  Reformation.  Before  the  chaogea 
then  made,  it  had  a  large  estsbtiihmret  of 
priesta,  the  moat  colthrated  and  learned 
order  of  the  community,  of  whom  aiz,  n 
warden  and  five  fellows,  were  oonneetod 
with  the  parish  church,  a  most  beantifel 
stractare,  worthy  to  be,  as  it  is,  tha  mana©- 
leam  of  England's  most  Cavoarita  poet, 
performing  in  it  the  splendid  services  of 
the  church;  and  four  connected  with 
another  ecclesisstical  edifice,  smaller,  but 
not  less  beautiful,  the  Guild  Chapel  in  the 
heart  of  the  town.  There  was  alao 
the  master  of  the  grammar  sdiool,  who 
was  generally,  perhaps  always,  a  clerk. 
The  priests  connected  with  the  chnrdi 
lived  together  in  the  edifice  called  the 
College.  The  measurea  of  the  Reformat 
tion  deprived  Stratford  of  the  benefit  of 
the  services  of  these  priests,  which  had 
been  secured  by  the  liberality  of  former 
natives  or  inhabitants,  and  gave  them  in- 
stead only  a  vicar  and  his  assistant,  very 
pooriy  endowed.  For  the  guild,  with  all 
the  beautiful  and  interesting  cireumstancea 
connected  with  it,  circumstances  of  charity, 
piety,  and  of  the  devout  recollection  of 
the  dead,  they  got  a  poor  lay  corporation. 
The  alms-houses  and  the  grammar-school 
were  allowed  to  remain.  These  changes 
took  place  just  before  the  Shakespearea 
became  seated  at  Stratford,  and  the  whole 
work  was  accomplished  some  years  be- 
fore the  birth  of  the  poet.  Some  effect 
would  probably  have  been  produced  on 
the  genius  of  Shakespeare,  had  he  been 
bom  while  still  the  splendid  pageantries 
of  the  antient  system  were  in  their  high 
and  palmy  state. 

**  In  the  time  of  Shakespeare  Stratford 
Buffered  both  by  pestilence  and  fire.  It 
is  to  be  hoped  that  Mr.  Malone's  happy 
remark  on  the  security  of  the  infant 
Shakespeare, 

When  nature  sicken'd  and  each  gale  was 
desth, 


1844.]  Hunler's  ^ew  IHttstrallons  of  the  Life,  Jffe,  oj  Bhake^pmre,    501 

swera  the  qui^ption  which  has  some- 
times beeo  mlsed  aa  to  what  became 
of  Shake sp^eare's  maauscripts?*  Mr. 
Hunter  ihewft  the  predominance  of 
Puritanism  in  Stratford,  that  Shake- 
speare's daughter  Mrs.  Hall,  and  his 
granddaughter  Lady  Bemani,  became 
converts  to  ita  tenets,  as  did  also  one  of 
Sir  John  Bernard's  daughters^  £li;a> 
bcth,  married  to  Henry  Gilbert  of 
Nether  Locke,  in  Derbyshire.  In  all 
these  persons  the  puritanical  feeling 
was  accompanied  by  its  usual  abhor- 
rence of  **  stage  plays/'  and,  in  re- 
ference to  the  last  of  them,  Mr.  Hunter 
adduces  the  following  positive  testi- 
mony to  that  effect : 

''^  Her  husband^  Mr.  Gilbert,  wrote  some 
account  of  hert  which  he  entitled*  '  Some 
brief  R<'!marques  on  tbe  most  Christian 
life  and  pious  death  of  Mr*.  Eliiabeth 
Gilbert,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  John  Ber- 
nard^ of  Abiugton,  ©car  Northampton.' 
I  bave  perused  this  raanuacript.  It  eon- 
taioed  an  account  of  Mr.  Gilbert's  first 
introdnctionp  their  courtship,  and  subse- 
quent marriage.  When  she  was  first  iti- 
troduced  to  her  house  at  Lrickoe,  her  fa- 
ther aod  mothenin-law  HccompanietJ  her. 
Much  is  said  of  her  extraordinary  charity 
and  piety  and  her  contempt  of  the  attrac- 
tions and  amusements  of  the  world.  In 
1663,  she  wa&in  London  :  »hc  went  to  see 
tbe  king  and  queen  at  dinner^  and  to  kiss 
their  hauds^  but  she  was  so  sick  of  the  va- 
nitiefi  of  tbe  place  that  she  could  not  be 
persuaded  to  stay  more  than  a  week.  A 
more  remarkable  fact  follows ; — ♦  They 
would  needs  persuade  her  to  go  see  a  play 
in  the  afternoon.  With  mnch  difficulty 
she  consented,  and  went  to  (he  Duke's 
Play-hotitc,  by  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  i  but 
would  not  go  into  a  box,  nor  far  into  tbe 
pit,  but  sat  in  the  entrance  near  unto  the 
door,  i  think  the  play  was  *  The  Five 
Hoars*  Adventure/  but  1  remember  she 
was  very  weary  of  it,  though  It  was  the 
first  and  last  she  ever  saw  iu  her  hfe.' 
One  should  have  liked  to  hare  known 
how  one  of  the  finer  moral  plays  of 
Shakespeare  woutd  have  been  received  by 


will  never  he  unobserved  by  those  who 
■hall  undertake  to  write  on  his  life  :^ — *a 
poetical  enthusiast  will  find  no  difficulty 
m  believing  that,  like  Horace,  he  reposed 
secure  and  fearless  in  tbe  midst  of  conta- 
gion and  death,  protected  by  the  Muses, 
to  whom  his  future  life  was  to  be  devoted^ 

**  Sacrft 
Ijiuroque,  collatJlqtie  myrto, 
Non  sine  diis  animosus  infans/* 

Shakespeare  was  literally  an  infant  at 
the  ttme»  baptized  tm  the  2jth  day  of 
April  1.50-1,  and  on  tbe  llth  of  Jaly  fnX* 
lowing  the  fir^t  victicn  was  buriud.  This 
was  an  inmate  of  the  bouse  of  Thomas 
Gethin,  whose  wife  saon  followed,  being 
buried  on  the  20th.  There  were  no  inter- 
ments til!  the  S'lth,  from  which  day  to  tbe 
end  of  the  month  the  number  buried  waa 
15,  In  August  there  were  35  buried^  in 
September  83,  in  October  58,  in  Novem- 
ber 26,  and  in  December  !H.  This  was  in 
a  population  scarcely  czceeding  1^500  per* 
sons." 

After  notices  of  the  Stratford  fami- 
lies with  whom  the  poet  probably  as- 
sociated«  and  of  his  Stratford  friends 
whom  he  fcraembered  in  his  will,  we 
find  the  following, — 

^*  I  have  aaid  that  the  will  has  never 
been  sufficiently  well  edited,  and  I  will 
give  one  proof — *  if  my  aaid  daughter, 
Judith,  be  living  at  the  end  of  the  said! 
three  years,  or  any  issue  of  her  body,  then 
my  will  is,  and  »o  I  devise  and  beciucath, 
&c.*  It  ought  to  be,  '  then  my  will  it 
908;  I  devise  and  bequeath,"  &e.  much 
more  firm,  aad  the  diction,  probably  his 
own,  more  pure.** 

The  occurrence  of  &  mistake  of  this 
kind  ia  rather  singular  after  all  the 
endeavours  which  have  been  made  to 
procure  accuracy.  It  proves  that  tbe 
be^t  of  antiquaries,  like  the  best  of 
other  men,  are  *'  but  men  at  the  best** 
In  the  extract  ive  have  just  given  re- 
specting Stratford,  Mr,  Hunter  him- 
self has  staled  the  day  of  Shakespeare's 
baptism  erroneously.  It  was  the 26th, 
not  the  25th,  April  15G4. 

Mr.  Hunter  quotes  the  error  in 
printing  the  will  as  if  il  were  one  of 
several.  It  would  have  been  well  if 
he  had  further  contributed  to  the  at- 
tainment of  accuracy  by  mentioning 
ftny  others  within  his  knowledge. 

Pleasant  chapters  follow  upon  the 
Combes,  the  Quineys,  the  Halls,  the 
Nashes,  and  then,  to  our  mind,  the 
plcasantest  of  all,  one  cjc voted  to  **the 
Bernards,"  in  which  Mr.  Hunter  an- 


*  la  there  not  some  reason  for  believing 
that  Shakespeare's  papers  were  handed 
over  to  Hemiiige  and  Condell,  the  editors 
of  the  first  folio  ?  They  say  of  him  that, 
**  what  he  thought  he  vttered  with  that 
ensinesse  that  tree  Aarr  tear  Me  receiu^d 
from  him  a  Mot  in  hit  papert.  But  it  ia 
oat  our  pro ui nee,  trAo  otuiy  gather  hit 
wnrki  and  give  them  to  you,  to  praise 
him,'* 


502     Hanter*i  New  lUntlnUhm  of  the  Life,  Stc  of  Skakeapemre.    [1^J» 


a  Udf  who  was  almost  one  of  his  fanuly, 
fiAf  years  after  his  decease. 

**  Mrs.  Gilbert's  piety  sooa  became  of 
the  severest  cast ;  a  doud  of  religious 
melancholy  settled  on  her  mind.  The 
manuscript  contains  a  long  and  sad  ac- 
eonnt  of  her  extreme  distress  under  the 
apprehension  that  she  had  committed  the 
unpardonable  sin.     She  died  young.** 

Mr.  Hunter  states  the  inference  from 
these  facts  thus : 

"Now  suppose  that  Shakespeare  left 
unfinished  works,  precious  leaTes  in  which 
were  presenred  for  future  use  lines  as 
they  were  spun  by  his  ever- working  mind. 
Would  they  have  been  Talued  as  they  de- 
■erred  to  be  valued  by  persons  such  as 
these,  in  whose  hands  they  would  fall  and 
remain  by  regular  succession.  Would 
they  not  eren  sorrow  over  some  things 
which  had  escaped  him,  while  be  thought 
only  of  lending  bis  induence  to  check  the 
excesses  into  which  Protestantism  was 
running  in  certain  quarters,  as  on  the 
other  hand  he  threw  ridicule  on  some  ab- 
surd pretensions  of  the  Romanists.  His 
greatest  admirers  will  think  that  he  may 
have  gone  too  far,  and  there  are  in  bis 
plays  passages  which  nothing  can  ever 
fully  excuse.  In  what  he  sought,  how- 
ever, in  respect  of  bis  influence  on  the 
state  of  religion  in  his  time,  there  was 
manifested  his  usual  good  sense,  the  main- 
tenance of  what  is  good  in  religion,  but 
the  exposure  of  imposture  and  extreme 
folly,  even  though  it  came  io  the  guise  of 
religion.  But  this  would  not  satisfy  the 
puritan  mind.  And  this  leads  me  to 
notice  briefly  the  information,  remarkable, 
if  true,  of  Davies,  who  hss  before  been 
quoted,  that  Shakespeare  "  died  a  Pa- 
pist.** He  might  be  a  Papist  as  Harsnet 
and  the  elder  Crashaw  and  Laud  might 
be  accounted  Papists,  for  in  those  days 
there  were  many  who  thought  that  not  to 
be  a  Puritan  was  not  to  be  a  Protestant : 
not  to  fall  in  with  the  excesses  of  puri- 
tanism,  which,  in  truth,  was  nothing  more 
nor  less  than  an  extension  of  what  most 
persons  in  those  times  deemed  the  Pro- 
testant principle,  would  be  to  many  to 
desert  the  cause  of  Protestantism  alto' 
gether,  which  might  easily  give  occasion 
to  the  rumour  of  which  Davies  has  pre- 
served the  memory.  The  late  Mr.  Charles 
Butler,  eager  to  draw  all  men  of  eminence 
into  his  net,  places  Shakespeare*s  name 
in  the  front  of  eminent  English  poets  who 
were  Roman  Catholics;  but  the  truth 
probably  was,  that  he  rested  at  a  point 
between  Rome  and  Geneva,  rejecting 
what  was  bad,  and  receiving  what  was 
good  from  both.*' 

Besides  making  some  positive  addi- 


tions to  our  knowledge  of  Shakespem 
and  his  coDoectiooa,  these  pftges  ha^e 
the  further  merit  of  examining  the 
facts  and  evidences  adduced  by  other 
persons  in  a  manner  which  is  calca- 
lated  to  aid  in  the  establishment  of 
truth.  Whatever  can  abide  such  in- 
vestigation as  Mr.  Hunter's  will  stand. 
He  will  find  few  folio wers«  we  think, 
in  many  of  his  opinions,  especially  in 
his  endeavour  to  establish  the  gentility 
of  the  poet's  family,  and  the  conse- 
quent antecedent  probability  that  his 
opinions  and  prejudices  would  be 
those  of  a  man  of  birth  and  family. 
Nor  do  we  think  that  upon  a  full  and 
fair  investigation  of  his  opinions  any 
such  aristocratical  leaning  would  be 
found.  On  the  contrary,  we  regard  it 
as  perfectly  wonderful  now  he  soared 
occasionally  above  these  little  prejudices 
at  a  time  when  they  were  nearly  at 
their  strongest.  He  felt  within  him 
the  stirrings  of  a  spirit  before  which 
the  pride  of  pedigree  was  humbled, 
and,  in  the  full  consciousness  of  the 
value  of  mental  power,  did  not  hesitate 
to  proclaim  the  unpalatable  tmth 
(putting  it  into  the  mouth  of  one  who 
spoke  it  with  a  bitter  and  conscious 
feeling  of  its  reality), 

"  A  beggar's  book  outworths  a  noble*s 
blood.*'* 

Mr.  Hunter's  book  is  defective 
in  one  point.  In  many  instances 
he  does  not  state  where  his  au- 
thorities may  be  found.  In  the  case 
of  new  evidence  this  is  extremely  im- 
portant. The  "  Court  Roll,"  as  he 
terms  it,  which  contains  the  present- 
ment against  John  Shakespeare  in 
1552.  the  assessment  roll  which  proves 
connection  with  the  parish  of  St. 
Helen's,  the  MS.  Life  of  Mrs.  Gilbert, 
— where  are  they  ?  To  use  his  own 
words  in  reference  to  Mr.  Collier  and 
the  Bridgewater  papers,  "  No  one  who 
knows  Mr.  Hunter  can  for  a  moment 
doubt  that  they  have  been  seen  by 
him  ;  "  but,  still  to  copy  from  himself, 
"  i  t  is  most  desirable  that  when  any  such 
documents  are  propounded  to  the 
world  they  should  be  opened  fully  and 


*  His  opinion  upon  the  general  question 
of  the  comparative  value  of  honours  in- 
herited and  acquired  may  be  read  in 
«<  Airs  WeU  that  Ends  Well,  Act  ii. 
sc.  3.»» 


1844] 


Reviisw. — Qresley's  Ahgh-  CuihalicUm, 


&03 


1  tOf 


utireBervedly  to  all  critical  mquirera  in 
X\ih  department,  Bod  uodergo  a  strict 
and  rigid  examination/'  (p.  Z-l.)  The 
publication  is  to  extend  to  three  or 
four  more  pails,  and  in  tlie  course  of 
them  Mr.  Hunter  can  supply  thi&  de- 
ficiency. 

We  shall  look  for  the  continuation 
of  these  '*  Prolusions/' as  Mr»  Hunter 
terms  them,  with  interest  j  and  in  the 
mean  time  would  direct  to  it  theatten* 
tion  of  ail  Shakeapeare  inf|wirer9. 
Althougfhwe  dissent  from  some  of  the 
author's  opinions,  we  heartily  recom- 
mend his  work  to  careful  and  candid 
consideration. 

Amjh' Catholicism.     A   ahori    Drvatite 
un  the  Theory  of  the  EngUnk  Church, 
with  remarkt  on  its  Pecutittritivs,  the 
Obfectiona   of  Romani»t9    and   IHa^ 
settlers,  Sfc,     By  William    Gresley. 
M.  A ,  Prebendarif  of  Lichfield,    1 2iiio. 
DIFFICULT   and    abstruse  as  are 
iome  of  the  points  discudaed  in   this 
very   seasonable   work,    yet    has   the 
author   illustrated    them    in  so   clear 
and   perspicuous  a  manner  that  It  is 
imp^-^3Sible  for  any  nader  to  niistnke 
the  meaning  of  any  one  of  his  state- 
ments.     EK(>ressing   himself  in    lan- 
guage   which,    although    plain    and 
simple,  is  always  strong  and  vigorous, 
and  occasionally  eloquent,  Mr.  Gresley 
has  produced  a  work  which  may  be 
read  with  a^lvantage  and  profit  by  all 
classes,  by  the  younger  pupil  m  theo> 
logical  science  and  by  the  more  ad- 
vanced student.     Mr.  Gresley   writes 
always  with  openness,  candour,  and 
honesty,    and    his    readtT^i    tbcrefure 
raay  consult  him  without  iuspicioo  or 
fear   o(    beinj;   led   astray ;    knowing 
that  they  are  treading  on  firm  ground, 
they  may  walk  on  in  security. 

Those  chapters  in  the  book  which 
are  devoted  to  a  consideration  of  some 
of  the  errors  eihibitcd  by  Churchmen 
in  the  present  day.  and  to  a  su^^ge^tion 
of  certain  remedies  for  thetu«  are  par* 
ticularlj  worthy  of  notice,  it  stverc 
in  some  of  his  observations,  he  pro- 
bably  thinks  that  where  error  exists  it 
is  better  to  exert  an  over  degree  of 
strictness  than  too  much  leniency. 
Hie  observations  oo  the  subject  of 
fasting  merit  especial  attention.  Few 
topics  have  been  less  understood  or 
more  misrepresented   in    the   present 


day  than  this*  Many  persons  are  ia 
the  habit  of  coofoundliog  an  observ- 
ance of  fasting  with  a  leaning  to  the 
faith  of  Rome,  an  evident  proof  that 
they  are  bat  little  acquainted  with  the 
history  of  our  Lord  or  the  precepts 
which  he  has  laid  down.  To  show 
hovv  different  were  the  opinions  en- 
tertained on  this  subject  in  the  last 
century,  in  a  period  distinguished  un- 
happily by  laxity  of  doctrine,  it  may 
be  sufficient  to  state  that  Dr.  Jortin, 
who  was  decidedly  latitudinarian  in 
his  views,  has  written  a  sermon  on 
this  subject,  in  which  he  recommends 
the  observance  of  this  duty  on  various 
grounds,  both  as  conducing  to  our 
spiritual  and  physical  health,  Mr. 
Gresley  has  treated  the  subject  in  a  very 
rational  and  praclicul  manner,  and  in 
a  way  which  can  ofl't-nd  the  prejudices 
of  no  welUdisposed  person. 

"An  ordiDsnce  more  strictly  scrip- 
tural/' he  says,  •'  or  more  decidedly 
ssactiooed  by  the  example  of  our  Lord 
himself  and  Ikis  apo«tIes — more  plainly  la 
accordance  with  the  practice  of  the  holieft 
men,  whether  of  the  former  or  latter  dis- 
p«Qsation---ijiore  uecesury  for  the  present 
age,,  when  thousands  are  spiritually  dead 
in  Ittxary  and  ielf>indulgencc ;  in  short,  a 
more  valuable  and  important  ordinance, 
caanot  be  named.  Until  this  ordinance 
of  religion  be  restored,  it  h  futile  to  took 
for  imprOTemeDt  either  in  Individual  ho- 
liness or  national  piety.  Men  are  being 
destroyed  by  excess  of  wealth,  and  ease, 
and  comfort ;  amassing  riches,  acquiring 
consequence,  devoting  themselres  to  the 
pursuits  of  ease  aod  refinement ;  and  not 
a  few  ruining  themselves  by  positire  over 
eating  and  drinking,  not  perhaps  so  as  to 
be  liable  to  the  chnrge  of  intemperance, 
but  itill  so  as  to  clog  and  sensualijie  both 
body  and  soul.  To  correct  these  flagrant 
evils,  the  Church  provides  her  simple  re- 
medy, but  the  world  scornfully  rejects  it. 
The  Church  appoints  certain  days  of  fasU 
tng  aod  abstinence,  in  whicbr  by  self- 
denial  in  small  things  for  religion* s  sake, 
we  may  learn  to  control  otir  lusts,  and 
passions,  and  appetites,  and  make  those 
sacrifices  trhich  are  required  of  us.  The 
Church  bids  men  fa>^t  for  their  soul's 
health;  but  the  world  sajs — ^'No,  we 
would  rather  sit  in  our  pews  and  hear  the 
sermon.  We  do  not  feel  disposed  to  fast ; 
it  is  not  the  fashion  of  the  day  :  you  tell 
us,  **  Faith  cometh  by  bearing,"  and  if  we 
have  faith  all  will  be  well.  Tell  us  thca 
of  Chriit*s  safferingsi  tell  us  while  we 
sit  comfortably  in  our  pews  of  all  that  U« 


504 


Rbview. — Paget*8  Sermotis  on  the  DtUk$  of  Daily  Life.      [Maj, 


kath  done  and  endured  for  ui ;  paint  them 
IB  your  moft  eloquent  Unj^uage,  then  we 
•hall  beliere.  What  more  do  tou  require 
of  oa?  Alaal  ia  not  thia  the  religion 
of  themigority?'  •        •        •        » 

•  •  ♦  •  It  is  very  difficult  to  decide  ex- 
actly what  is  the  right  mode  of  fasting. 
To  lay  down  precise  rules  is  almost  im* 
possible,  on  account  of  the  rariety  of  per- 
sons, circumstances,  and  differences  of 
health.  To  some,  absolute  fasting  might 
be  death,  and  others,  who  are  poor,  seldom 
have  more  food  than  is  required  to  sus- 
tain the  necessary  strength  for  their  la- 
bour. It  will  occur  to  many,  that  in  tlie 
present  state  of  society  some  inconYeni- 
ence  would  arise  from  fasting ;  our  do- 
mestic habits,  and  still  more  our  social 
enjoyments,  would  be  interfered  with. 
'  How  ridiculous,*  some  will  say,  '  when 
we  have  an  iuTitation  to  dinner,  to  have 
to  look  at  the  Church  calendar,  and  see 
whether  it  is  a  fast-day.  How  many 
pleaaant  engagements  we  shall  have  to 
decline  1  and  what  are  we  to  say  when 
people  ask  us  ?  We  cannot  say  we  stay 
at  home  because  it  is  a  fast-day — we 
ahould  be  laughed  at.*  Now  I  am  per- 
suaded that  this  slight  inconvenience  itself 
ia  one  of  the  advantagea  of  the  system. 
Religion  ought  to  regulate  our  daily  lives. 
We  imght  to  make  our  social  engagements 
bend  to  our  duty.  Are  there  not  six 
days  in  the  week,  or  at  least  five,  on  any 
of  which  we  may  have  our  dinner  partiea, 
or  other  festivities  ?  Let  a  few  persons 
of  rank  and  influence  resolutely  set  their 
ftuses  against  the  desecration  of  the 
.Church's  ordinance  by  feasting  instead  of 
fssting,  and  it  would  soon  come  to  be  un- 
derstiKKi  that  when  people  invited  their 
ftienda  to  an  eotertainmeut  they  ought 
first  to  consult  the  Church  calendar ;  and 
that  to  ask  a  strict  Churchman  to  dinner 
on  a  fast-day,  was  as  much  aa  to  aay  they 
did  not  want  to  see  him.  And  then  con- 
sider only  the  funds  which  might  be  de- 
voted to  relieving  the  wanta  of  the  poor. 
If  rich  people  in  London,  for  instance, 
would  but  devote  their  Friday's  dinner, 
or  the  cost  of  it,  to  feed  the  hungry  and 
clothe  the  naked,  how  soon  might  the 
voice  of  complaining  be  banished  fh>m  our 
streets,  and  the  starving  poor  be  raised 
np  from  the  dust !  It  t«  tcareelp  ponibU 
to  devUe  a  more  obviously  bejMficUl  plan, 
whether  to  relieve  the  crying  wanta  qfthe 
poor,  or  aave  the  rich  from  the  eenaual- 
iting  ^ecte  ^f  their  abundant  weedth, 
than  the  aimple  return  to  the  Chureh'e 
ordinamee  of/aeting.** 

Now,  whether  they  may  resolve  to 
follow  this  advice  or  not,  every  one 
most  confess  that  there  is  a  great  deal 
7 


of  good  sense  in  it,  both  aa  regards 
oar  spiritual  and  physical  welfare. 

Mr.  Qresley  goes  on  afterwards  to 
speak  of  the  necessity  of  reviving  the 
observance  of  the  festivifls  of  the 
Church  as  well  as  her  fasts. 

**  The  Church,**  he  saya,  <«  has  aot 
only  ita  tuU  but  iU  festivals.  It 
spreads  ita  hallowing  influence  over  oar 
joys  aa  well  as  sorrows ;  it  sanctifies 
our  hearts  at  all  times  with  its  holy  ordi* 
nances.  But  this  branch  of  our  Church's 
system  is,  like  the  other,  disused  and 
disregarded  by  the  same  worldly  iii> 
fluence.  Men  will  not  admit  rt^gioa  as 
a  guest  to  their  feasts,  and  so  their  feasts 
are  ungodly,  sensual,  and  worldly.  In 
truth,  we  have  been  so  long  disnised  to 
religious  festivals,  that  we  do  not  know 
how  to  keep  them.** 

We  woald  willingly  give  more  of 
Mr.  Gresley's  observations  open  this 
subject,  but  most  now  conclude 
by  a  general  recommendation  of  this 
work,  which  is  quite  worthy  of  the 
previous  high  reputation  of  its  author. 

Sermone  on  the  Dutiee  qf  Daily  Life, 
By  F.  E.  Paget,  AM. 

WE  have  been  indebted  to  the  pre* 
sent  writer  for  many  volumes  of  agree« 
able  instruction,  some  of  which  we 
have  had  the  opportunity  of  noticing 
in  our  review,  and  we  have  read  the 
present  volume  of  Sermons,  with  the 
satisfaction  which  is  derived  from  the 
good  feeling  as  well  as  sound  doctrine 
contained  therein. 

The  author  well  observes  in  his  pre- 
face, 

**  That  every  generation  haa  ita  distin- 
guishing  form  of  error ;  for  each  in  suc- 
cession the  tempter  provides  new  snares, 
or  revives  old  ones.  Against  each  here- 
tical  or  schismatical  tendency,  aa  it  arises, 
it  is  the  duty  of  the  Christian  priesthood 
to  warn  the  faithful.  Hence,  at  different 
times,  some  one  claaa  of  doctrine  has 
been  more  urgently  insisted  on  than  any 
other ;  and  this,  not  so  much  on  account 
of  the  relative  importance  of  these  doc- 
trines in  the  scheme  of  revelation,  as  be- 
cause, from  special  circumstances,  there 
waa  at  some  given  period  a  special  danger 
lest  the  children  of  the  Chureh  should  be 
perverted  in  some  particular  respect,** 
&c. 

He  then  observes, — 

"  In  the  present  volume  it  has  been  the 
author*s  wish  and  endeavour  to  avoid  dis- 


1644.] 


De  Vere*9  Search  n/ier  VroHtpine, 


505 


puled  topics  at  much  aa  posaibkf  not  ht' 
eiuse  he  hat  no  opimon  of  hts  own  od  the 
lubjects  wliich  to  onliapptly  agitate  us^ 
nor  became  he  deems  it  uui]e§irable  that 
Ghorchmcn,  when  fullj  inBtructcd,  should 
choose  their  side  ;  but  aimplj,  becnoio 
the  object  of  a  Beroion  is  Bomethia;^  more 
than  to  help  persons  to  become  judges  of 
coQtroverfty  ;  and  it  U  more  than  ever  the 
dntjr  of  a  preacher  in  tinieaof  coatroYersy 
to  remind  hii  hearers  that  the  way  to  be 
enlightened  to  discover  diyitie  truth  is  to 
leck  it  to  the  practice  of  obediencei" 
(John  Tii,  170 

The  author  then  exptains  what  he 
nie&iis  by  Churcb  principles: 

*'  By  Church  principki  he  meana  thoac 
which  are  in  entire  accordance  with  iht 
Church  and  the  Prayer  Book;  a  Church 
in  which  all  ttungi  neceasary  to  aalvatbn 
may  be  foirnd,  and  which  offers  its  blcas- 
infg  and  privileges  far  greater  and  more 
numerooa  than  we  choose  to  avail  oorseWea 
of  J  0  Church  which  is  Catholic,  not  Sec- 
tariaOf  following  primitive  rule  and  prac- 
tice, not  the  corraptioQS  of  divided  times 
and  later  n^^es ;  neither  Rooianizing  nor 
Ultra. Protestant,  but  Evangelical  and 
Apostolical,  io  the  true  sense  of  these 
terms  i  a  Cliurch  tn  which  there  may  be 
imperfectioQS  and  deficiencies  (as  in  her 
discipline,  in  the  working  of  her  ayitem, 
and  in  the  lives  and  tempers  of  her  mem. 
bers),  but  with  which ,  till  they  have  lived 
up  to  her  ordinances,  fully  and  unre- 
servedly *  it  does  not  behove  any  of  her 
duidren  to  be  diaaatisficd,  and  of  which, 
therefore,  it  still  less  behoves  them  to  set 
tip  themselves  as  judges,*'  fltc. 

Writing  under  the^e  principles,  and 
with  his  acknowledged  learning,  taate, 
and  judgment,  Mr.  Paget  has  pro- 
duced a  volume  of  practical  Discourses, 
to  which  his  readers  may  come  with 
confidence,  read  with  pleasure,  and, 
ynless  from  their  own  fault,  finish 
with  profit  to  themselves.  We  can- 
not make  any  selection  of  some  of  the 
Discourses,  as  more  valuable  than  the 
others,  or  as  being  IntrinaicaHy  supe- 
rior ;  but  we  think  the  usages  and 
opinions  prevalent  in  society,  high  or 
low,  may  authorise  at  to  recommend 
S.  vii*  on  the  Sins  of  the  Tongue ; 
S»  XV.  on  Fasting;  and  S.  xii,  on  Obe- 
dience to  the  Churchy  her  mwtJters^ 
and  ordinAnces. 


THt  Starch  ({fter  Proterpinf,  and  other 
Poemj.     Bjf  Aubrey  de  Vere. 

WE  look  on  this  volume  of  poems 
aa  we  should    on   a.   plot   of  ground 

aiNT.  Mag.  Vol<  XXI, 


where  the  richest  flowers  and  heauti. 
fal  weeds  have  been  profusely  and 
promi&cuotisly  aown  •,  their  variegated 
exuberance  of  bloom  and  colour  at 
once  dazzling  the  eye  and  not  satiafy- 
ing  the  taste.  In  short,  the  author 
appears  to  us  to  have  much  poetical 
feeling,  much  power  of  describing  both 
external  nature  and  the  mental  sensa- 
tions and  passions,  to  possess  a  co> 
pious  vocabulary  of  poetical  words  by 
which  best  to  ei press  his  ideas,  and, 
besides  the  akilfulness  of  the  artist,  as 
thus  shown,  to  have  a  mtnd  impressed 
with  those  greater  truths  and  higher 
principles,  which  give  to  poetry  a  far 
nobter  character,  and  point  at  more 
important  ends,  than  art,  unsanctificd 
or  unassisted  by  them,  could  ever  hope 
to  reach.  He  seems  to  ua  defective 
in  that  critical  power  or  will  that  can 
reject  even  beauties  when  misplaced, 
and  which  looks  on  a  fine  image  or 
original  thought  as  a  woodman  doea 
on  a  majestic  tree,  knowing  how  much 
its  grandeur  and  beauty  would  be  im- 
paired by  the  proximity  of  others. 
Our  motto  is,  **  You  should  compose  ia 
the  ardent  morning  of  inspiration,  but 
you  should  correct  in  the  cool  evening 
of  reflection  ;  let  the  stream  of  inspi- 
ration come  foaming,  and  boiling,  and 
gushing  from  the  Delphian  rock;  but 
let  it  grow  gentle^  and  calm»  and  limpid 
before  its  waters  are  offered  to  the  lip 
of  taste."  The  poets  of  the  preaent  day 
are  very  clever  men,  possess  much 
genius,  and  have  studied  the  best 
models  of  composition  :  but  they  write 
for  a  careless  and  half-educated  public, 
who  have  so  much  to  read  that  they 
cannot  examine  with  strictness  the 
accuracy  or  perfection  of  the  different 
works  that  are  passing  before  thtm  ; 
but  if  they  were  to  say,  "  I  shall  write 
for  Mr.  Wordsworth,  for  Mr.  Rogera, 
for  Mr.  Campbell,  for  Mr.  Haltam, 
for  those  few  who  can  feel  truly  and 
judge  correctly," — it  might  have,  we 
think,  a  very  beneficial  effect  on  the 
productions  of  their  muse,  and,  while 
they  possess  more  poetical  genius  tbao 
their  predecessors  nad,  it  might  tend 
to  give  them  some  of  their  caution 
and  correctness.*  We  now  give  a  few 
specimens  of  the  poetry  of  this  volume. 

•  We  beg  to  inform  the  author  that 

Galileo  was  nwer  in  prison  (vide  p.  S88), 

and  that  Milton »  iastead  of  Uvinf  in  a 

3  T 


so< 


De  Vflie't  Semrdk  mfim  Pfoimptiu. 


mmf. 


SOMO. 

I. 

nere  Um  n  lile-ramnnidiaff  bty, 
Itadf  bf  HKNiBtAini  girdled  roand. 

And  waaderinff  wiDds  wboae  drdinf  bnedi 

Flrmn  Taolud  cavM  and  iuted  reeds 
A  wild  and  melancholy  aoand, 

Setrct  aadibto,  yet  heard  Ibr  aye. 

II. 
SrntM  as  o*er  aa  inland  streaa 

The  wild  swans  Bore  acroes  ths  brine. 
Or  BOtionlcas  at  dawn  or  e?c 
Upon  the  erf msonM  billow  hcnfs ; 

While  o'er  the  fklr  horiton's  line 
The  sportiTe  dolphins  plvnge  sad  gleam. 

III. 

0  giTS  me  on  thst  ocean  lake 

A  boat,  a  conTent  on  that  shore; 
Or,  crowning  yonder  isle  of  sheOs, 
That  I  may  hear  the  matin  bells 

With  their  angelic  hymns  once  mors 
Th»  long  forgotten  echoes  wake ! 

80N0. 
Onr  bark  ehot  past  an  island  nested 

In  a  woody  ocean  bay  i 
The  shower  had  drifted  past  us  long. 
Tet  still  on  high  the  rainbow  hang,— 
One  arc  on  that  bright  islsnd  rested, 

Seaward  the  other  bent  away. 

Under  our  bark  a  wave  was  dying. 
Warm  fknom  my  lips  a  wish  it  bore; 

1  wish*d  thst  little  island  ours, 
Oors  that  little  island's  tkmers. 

Bat  cold  thst  wish,  sad  tost  thst  sighing, 
Long,  tong  ere  yet  they  reached  the  shore. 

Against  that  isle  a  ware  wae  dying. 
It  sank  beneath  the  wish  it  bore ; 


Aaothsr  past  as  ron*d,  lad  ttMB 
Aaothcr  foUow*d  in  the  train. 
Alas  I  there  is  no  end  of  stghisf, 
A  siagls  wish  begets  a  aoom. 

LOTS  km  toaaow. 
Wheaereruader  bowers  of  myrtle 

Lore,  BQBuner-treis'd  and  teraal-«y«^ 
At  mom  or  ere,  is  seea  to  waader, 

A  darfc-eyed  girt  is  at  his  sMe. 
No  eye  beholds  the  Tiigin  glldiaf 

Unsaadal'd  through  the  thidufk  glo«Hii 
Tet  some  hare  marked  her  diadow  BMvtaf 


Like  twilight  o*er  the  whiter  t 
A  golden  bow  the  brother  carries, 

A  sUrerivte  the  sister  bean. 
And  erer  at  the  flrtal  saoment 

The  notes  and  arrows  iy  in  pain. 
She  reets  her  iate  npon  her  boeoai. 

While  up  to  hesTen  his  bowAe  rcan, 
Aad,  as  her  kisses  make  it  tremble, 

That  flute  is  moistened  by  her  tears. 

The  lorely  twaia  wen  bora  togethar, 
Aad  in  the  sasM  sheU-cradlo  taM, 

And  in  the  boeom  of  one  sMther 
Together  slrpt  aad  sleepiag  playM. 

With  hands  into  sadi  othen' 

And  whispering  Upe  that 
Bach  other  in  their  roey  motioa 

What  still  their  Ihvoorites  leara 


Piroud  of  her  boy,  the  mother  ahosed  hisi 

To  mortal  and  immortal  eye ; 
But  hid  (because  she  lor'd  her  dnnr) 

The  deeper,  sweeter  mystery. 

Accept  them  both,  or  hope  for  neither. 
Oh !  loreliest  youth  or  makl  forlorn. 

For  grief  has  come  when  love  is  welooaae^ 
And  loTe  will  comfort  those  who  monis. 


80PHOCLS8. 

Alone  I  wandered  tbroagh  a  dty  lone, 

(The  tomb  aogust  and  monumental  state 

Of  empire  past  away  and  desolate  I) 
For  here,  'mid  crumbling  frieze,  and  columns  prone, 
Down  a  great  palace-oourt,  the  shades  were  thrown 

Of  seven  migestio  statues,  calm  as  Fate. 
A  tnow -white  circle  'neath  the  purple  noon 

They  formed  ;  1  midmost  in  that  circle  sate. 
One  was  a  king,  and  regal,  though  uncrowned ; 

Low-bent  he  stood — standing  as  if  he  slept, 
With  blinded  eyes,  and  chaids  his  feet  around. 

Another  was  a  royal  maid,  who  kept 
Her  eyes  upon  an  urn  funereal,  pressed 
With  both  her  marble  hands  deep  deep  into  her  breast. 


hoTel  (p.  890),  always  Ured  in  good  serrants.  Porerty  and  riches  are  ivlaHvs 
bouses,  and  to  the  last  had  such  an  in-  to  people's  habita  and  wants,  and  Hilton 
come  as  enabled  him  to  keep  two  or  three     was  cesi/brM/y  qf. 


1844.]  Mrs.  Yat^'s  Autumn  in  Switzerland^ 

I  gaw  the  mMtcr  of  the  sun.     He  stood 

High  la  hi*  fiery  car,  hiinwtlf  more  bri^bt, 

An  archer  of  immeaiTirable  might 
On  hij  left  shoulder  hung  his  qniver'd  load ; 
Spumed  by  his  steeds^  the  ewtern  mountain  glowM  j 

Forward  hit  eager  eye  and  brow  of  light 
He  bent ;  aadf  while  both  hands  that  arch  embow'df 

Shaft  after  shaft  pursued  the  flying  Night, 
No  wingi  profan'd  that  godlike  form  ;  around 

Hii  poliah^d  neck  an  ever-moFing  crowd 
Of  locki  hung  gliBt^ning ;  while  such  perfect  sound 

Pell  from  his  bow-itring  that  th*  ethereal  dome 
Thrill 'd  as  a  dew.drop«^while  each  pasaing  cloud 

Expanded  r  whitening  like  the  ocean -foam. 


S07 


An  Autunm  in  Switgmrland,     By  Mrs, 
AahtoQ  Yates.  2  voha, 

THE  tuthor  haa  made  her  I  title 
work  iDterettmg  hy  judicious  and 
frequent  extracU  frorn  VieuMieux't 
History  of  Swtsserland,  which  con- 
tains Ihe  history  of  the  different  can- 
ton»j  and  many  curious  anei-dotes  con- 
nected with  it.  To  which  she  ha^ 
added  pictures  of  local  description, 
ftud  accounts  of  ^uch  daily  adventures 
And  incidents  as  vary  and  enliven  a 
traveller's  life.  At  ?o!.  1,  p.  183,  we 
fouod  10  the  account  of  the  Barons  of 
Unapannen  what  we  presume  to  be 
the  foundation  of  Mr,  Roger* *9  beau- 
tiful poem  of  Jacqueline.  Id  the  second 
Tolume  we  find  an  original  letter  of 
Rousseau  which  we  shall  transcribe 
as  an  mteresiing  relic  of  that  poor 
cllild  of  geDiua  and  of  nature,  whose 
dirk  and  metaocholy  life  has  passed 
away,  but  whose  words,  whether  we  like 
it  or  not,  never  ceaae  to  haunt  the  spot 
where  they  were  once  beard. 

*•  A  Motlcr,  le  I*  %^,  1763. 
**  Slle  froid  s*adoucil  que  Je  terns  soit 
beati^  et  mou  Rat  supportable,  je  compte 

Sartir  d'sojourdhul  eo  bait,  pour  t&cher 
ans  un  p^lerinage  de  quatrc  on  cinq 
jours  d^^chftpptr  aui  espiona  et  aux  im- 
portuna.  Si  cc  projet  voua  duit,*  et  que 
TOusTOulez  ^tre  moo  compagnon  de  voyage, 
Tenex,  et  tichea  d'arriver  an  plus  tard  le 
Samedj  8  pour  diner.  Je  voaa  connaia 
peu^  cher  Beauchsteau,  maas  Je  roas  eroia 

•  ••Duit*'  iaauold  French  word  not 
found  in  modem  dictionaries.  Menage 
derives  it  from  '*  decet;*'  it  seema  in  this 
place,  in  the  sense  of  **  agreer,"  rather  to 
come  from  *'  dolce  est'^—RaVt 


El 


vertueujL  et  bon,  voit^  tout  ce  qu'U  me 
fiaut.  Par  dessus  cela  voua  ^tea  aimable, 
ma  fortune  est  faite  pour  ccs  trois  jours* 
Snrtout  venes  seal,  et  ne  paries  de  rien  I 
peraonoe. 

**  A  MoQsietir  Beau  chateau,  Horloger, 
*■  Au  Cendrier  k  Geneve.'* 

There  la  also  an  original  letter  from 
Buonaparte  to  Mons,  Paul  Barde, 
Librarian  at  Geneva  (178^)*  which  we 
believe  we  have  seen  printed  before, 
and  which  shows  that  be  was  reading 
Rousseau*  **  Jc  voui  prie  de  me 
faire  passer  les  Mcmoires  de  Madame 
Wacens  et  de  Claude  Anet,  pour 
servir  de  suite  aux  CoDfessions  de 
Rousaeau/'  This  letter  is  written  in 
a  wretched  hand  scarcely  legible. 
Buonaparte  was  at  the  time  au  otiicer 
of  artillery  in  garrison  at  Valence,  in 
Dauphiny. 

Where  the  over-credulou  author 
picked  up  the  following  marvellous 
story  of  Q«bbon  we  cannot  conjecture, 
but  it  is  one  of  those  "  morceau^t  de 
persiflage  et  de  mensonge,*'  which  are 
passed  as  sterling  coin  to  the  heedless 
traveller; 

^*  Gibbon  and  Voltaire,  from  some  cause 
unknown,  had  irritten  aatirea  on  each  other 
at  ft  time  when  they  were  personally  ua* 
acquainted.  Voltaire  Itkewiae  uied  hit 
pen  to  iUuatrate  one  of  his  productions, 
and  iket4:Ued  a  carirature  of  Gibbon  aa  a 
dwarf,  poiftibly  a  UkeucM«  having '  un  gros 
ventre,  nea  plat,  ct  it^ie  ^norme.*  Soms 
time  after  Gibbon  went  to  Geneva^  and 
called  on  Kons.  Troochin,  the  friend  and 
pbyaicita  of  Voltaire,  and  aaid, '  Vottoirt 
se  nioque  de  moi,  je  veux  aUer  le  voir  k 
Fcrney«  car  on  dlt  qu*ll  o'est  pas  beaa«* 
Two  days  after  he  went  to  Feraey.  Voltaire 


508 


MkeMmeomi  Retkwi* 


CM^. 


dadnd  Madame  I>eiiu  to  ihow  him  every 
kisd  of  attentioo,  bat  refnted  to  we  him. 
Gibboo  resolved  oa  attaining  hii  object, 
tent  away  hia  carriage,  &c.  and  remained 
three  daTi  in  the  hooae,  living  with  the 
ladies,  who  had  several  times  hinted  his 
visit  was  sniBciently  protracted.  At  length 
Voltaire,  wearied  of  self-imprisonment, 
sent  him  a  billet — 
MoDsicvr, 
Don  QokhoCe  prmait  dcs  anberges  poor 
chAtcaa ;  mais  voos,  voos  prraei  mon  chitcaa 
poor  one  aabcrge. 

Gibbon  replied, 

En  ces  Ueox  je  comptais  voir  Ic  Dien  de  g^nie ; 
L'eotendre,  loi  parler,  et  m'instniire  en  to«t 
point; 
Mais,  comme  LocoDos,  4  qui  je  parte  enrie, 
Chet  voos  on  boit,  on  mange,  et  I'on  ne  vons 
volt  point. 

Gibbon  then  left  the  honse.  Daring 
his  stay  he  had  been  very  liberal  to  the 
servant,  and  heard  from  him  the  habits 
of  his  master.  Some  time  afterwards  he 
letamed  to  Femey  on  foot.  He  asked  the 
coachman  to  let  him  see  a  yonng  mare 
that  was  a  great  favoarite,  and  said  to  him, 
'  Eh  bien,  mon  ami,  si  ta  venx  la  mener 
dans  le  grand  bercean  de  Cbarmille,  oa  va  so 
womener  votre  miitre,  et  lalaisser  coarir, 
jjt  te  donnerai  an  boo  ponr-boire.*  The 
servant  complied,  and  Gibbon  hid  himself 
in  the  berceaa.  Voltaire  was  in  his  library 
lirom  whence  he  issued  in  a  violent  passion 
and  demanded  why  the  mare  was  saffered 
to  be  within  those  precincts.    The  coach- 


man pretended  the  anisaal  had  aocideotal^ 
escaped.  Gibbon  came  fofth  frooi  hu 
hiding  place,  clapped  his  hands  iritli 
grnt  glee,  saying,  *  Adien,  Monsiew,  je 
t'ai  vn  oette  foia,  tn  n*es  pas  beui  bob 
pins.*  Voltaire's  rage  was  redooblad ; 
however,  he  desired  Wagniere,  his  secre- 
tary, to  ran  after  Gibbon  and  drmand 
twelve  sons  for  having  seen  the  bMe. 
*  C*est  jnste/  replied  Gibbon,  '  en  wdOk 
vingt-qnatre;  tn  diras  k  ton  Seignenr,  q[oe 
j*ai  pay^  poor  deax  stances,  je  rvvia^dmi 
demain.*  When  the  secretary  reported 
the  answer,  his  master  ezclauned,  '  Ce 
diable  est  pins  mechant  qne  moi  ;  il  nae 
joaera  quelqae  mawais  toar ;  il  fiaet  Uirm 
ma  paix  avec  laL  Wagniere,  il  Cant  aller 
rinviter  a  venir  diner  demain  avec  moL"* 
Next  day  Voltaire  sent  a  written  invitntkm 
and  his  carriage  in  great  state  to  bring  hna 
to  Femey.  Gibbon  accepted  of  botk 
favours.  Voltaire  reoeived  him  as  he 
alighted,  and  presented  him  to  the  ooa- 
pany  asked  to  meet  him.  No  allnsioa 
was  msde  to  what  had  passed.  GibboB 
afterwards  paid  him  frequent  visits  of  two 
or  three  days,  and  *  il  ne  fnt  plus  qnestikMi 
de  ce  qui  s'^tait  paas^  dans  I'alUe  de 
CharmiUe.'" 

It  is,  perhaps,  unnecessary  to  bajt 
that  there  is  not  a  word  of  truth  in 
the  whole  account,  and  it  appeara  to 
us  to  be  a  fabrication  of  a  very  late 
date,  or  some  of  the  heedless  flies  of 
our  travellers  would  have  been  caught 
in  it  before  now. 


Potmi  by  Henry  N.  Methuen,  B9q. — 
This  volume  of  poetry,  cum  multit  aiiiSf 
shows  tha*:  there  are  many  well-educated 
clever  voaog  men  in  the  present  day,  who 
can  write  with  facility  and  even  elegance ; 
but  who,  contented  with  hastily  express- 
ing their  first  thoughts,  and  eschewinar 
the  necessary  labour  of  rerisal  and 
emendation,  in  all  probability  never  will 
Improve  on  their  present  attainments. 
These  poems  show  poetical  feeling 
and  talent;  but  they  ought  to  be  con- 
sldsred  by  their  author  as  a  mere  experi- 
ment to  try  his  powers, — an  attempt  to 
lay  a  foundation  for  a  better  and  nobler 
■tmctnre  to  be  raised  hereafter ;  an  ex- 
periment to  prove  whether  he  possesses 
the  powers  of  the  patit  to  which  here- 
after he  mast  add  all  the  labour  of  the 
mriUt.  When  there  are  as  in  the  present 
day  so  many  competitors  for  the  laurel — 
■o  many  persons  who  can  write  with  to- 
UtMt  elegance  and  tome  inrentios,-- 


the  only  prospect  of  distinction  that  oi 
to  any  one,  is  in  that  superiority 
others,  which  will  assuredly  proceed  from 
greater  care  and  more  thoughtful  atten- 
tion. It  is  labour  that  assures  immor- 
tality.  The  following  poem  is  very  well 
— and  seems  to  show  that  the  author  can 
do  better  if  he  strives :  if  he  considers 
his  Doetrv  to  be  a  recreaiUm  to  him,  de- 
pend on  it,  it  will  be  no  recreation  to  any 
one  else. 

DOVOa*  AT  KIGHT. 

The  silver  moon  vras  creeping  high, 
The  queen  that  rules  the  night, 

The  sea,  the  chalky  cliffs,  the  sky 
Lay  glistening  in  the  light. 

•  "  Dovor."  It  must  have  been  ob- 
served that  the  spelling  of  the  name  of 
this  town  has  within  Uie  last  few  rean 
changed;  and  that  on  coachei^  way-billfi 


J844.] 


Misceltaneoui  Remews* 


50g 


And  noiselessly,  ViVc  fairy  thingi 

Reflected  in  the  tide. 
With  wbite  and  »elf-directed  wiDgft, 

The  Tessels  Beemed  to  glide* 
The  murmur  of  the  p^lialied  t'eep 

Wm  Bofti  as  18  Ihc  sigh 
Of  infaiitAi  wlio  in  geatle  sleep 

Arc  dreaming  uleasatilly. 
The  brave  old  castle'ii  roynded  towers 

Stood  brooding  o^ct  the  mainr 
And  g^ns^  prepared  with  sulph'ry  fihowers 

To  sweep  the  briny  plain* 
Suapicious  of  their  ancient  foe, 

The  grey  waits  seemed  to  gcowl, 
As  warriors  who  their  foemeo  know^ 

Tbo'  veil'd  in  peacefud  cowl. 
And  lights  from  out  the  loop-liolca  shonei 

And  martial  music  rose 
With  itining  notes  the  night  upon, 

The  signal  of  repose. 
The  puter-by  would  pause  to  hear 

Those  souDctf,  that  Hoatcd  down 
In  floftened  cadence  on  his  car, 

And  melted  o'er  the  town. 
Wliile  midway  up  the  white  clifi^a  face 

The  buildiogi  seemed  to  cling, 
Where  scarce  appeared  a  resting-place 

For  e*en  the  seagull's  wing. 
They  clustered  nigh  the  castle  darkf 

The  champion  of  their  peace, 
Below  whose  walla  the  anchored  b«rk 

Might  bid  lier  watchings  4 


Sermon*  prtached  hffore  the  Unhtr* 
wiiyp  ^-e.  By  iAi  Rev.  C.  Marriott,  AM,— 
The  author  observes  that  these  sermons 
were  printed  in  consequence  of  the  desire 
of  several  friends,  and  that  they  are 
published  almost  exactly  as  they  were  dcli- 
Tered.  lu  language  plain,  but  forcible 
ind  correcti  and  argument  uid  ex  plana- 
tioQ  sufficiently  copious,  these  discourses 
appear  to  us  to  be  weU  suited  not  only 
to  the  learned  audience  before  whom  some 
were  preached,  but  to  persona  of  lower 
attainments.  We  hare  no  room  to  mAlce 
extracts  from  sennous,  which  in  that  style 
of  composition,  to  do  justice  to  the  euthor, 

and  every  where  **  Doror  "  is  written  for 
**  Dover/*  The  reason  we  have  found  to 
be  tlic  following  very  insufBcient  one.  In 
an  old  deed  that  turned  up  in  some  attor- 
ney's office,  or  elsewhere^  the  name  of  the 
town  (perhaps  by  mistake)  was  written 
I>crnirr  and,  on  this  nngle  ouiMrit^f 
MHD«  one  set  the  fashion  of  the  altered 
orthography,  which  for  norelty^a  sake  bM 
spread  ;  but  it  is  to  be  hoped  will  soon 
give  way  to  the  proper  and  eitablished 
nuae. — B£v, 


should  be  of  some  length  :  we  shall,  how- 
ever, quote  one  sentence,  whicli^  like  a 
oh auce- scattered  seed,  separated  from  the 
rest,  may  perhaps  find  a  reflective  bosom 
in  which  it  may  g^ow.  *♦  It  is  not  good 
or  hcalthyr^  speaking  of  circumstances  at'* 
tending  Cbrist's  dccttb  and  resurrection, — 
' '  to  suppose  that  we  live  in  anj  such  great 
crisis,  as  that  our  case  may  fairly  be  put 
on  a  level  with  that  of  the  disciples  at  the 
time  of  oar  Lord's  resurrection.  7%e 
danger  of  our  lime*  is  thinking  too  much 
of  thing*  in  general^  and  too  Utile  o/ow 
own  particular  dutif*.  Men  feel  their 
individual  life  in  a  manner  suspended^  in 
a  great  crisis,  if  they  reHect  on  it  as  such, 
and  often  deceive  themselves  into  thinking 
they  are  doing  all  their  dutj^  because 
they  think  they  arc  on  the  right  side. 
Now  it  is  clear  that  such  a  state  of  mind 
becomes  exceedingly  dangerous,  when  al- 
lowed to  exist  for  a  length  of  time.  It 
may  he  even  right,  or  at  least  excusable,  for 
ft  man's  ooBsciousness  of  his  individual 
atate  and  duties  to  be  suspended  for  an  in- 
stant, when  great  things  are  to  be  done 
or  practised  ;  but  the  constant  imagining 
that  this  is  the  case,  and  deferring  oar 
tpteial  duties  for  the  sake  of  seeing  how 
the  general  affairs  of  the  Church  may  turn, 
fosters  pride,  and  leads  to  party  spirit, 
and  forge tfulness  of  our  true  amd  inner 
life,'*  &c. 


A  Treatite  on  the  growth  qf  the  Ptaek^ 
Bg  John  Smith,— Mr.  Smith  is  weU 
known  in  the  county  of  Suffolk,  as  a  very 
skilful  and  successful  horticulturalist  i  and 
we  can  safely  recommend  this  treatise  on 
the  peach,  as  one  of  the  most  useful  that 
can  be  obtained.  It  will  be  a  guide  as  to 
the  choice  of  the  different  varieties,  and 
as  to  the  training  every  practical  gar- 
dener must  use  bis  own  judgment,  in  se- 
lecting from  the  many  kinds  proposed  by 
different  persons,  or,  if  he  can,  improve 
upon  them. 

Remarks  on  Me  Book  qf  Paalwu  as  /?ni- 
phfiic  qf  the  Messiah, — This  work  is  de* 
dicated  to  the  Rev.  Martin  Routh,  who 
for  upwards  of  half  a  century  has  filled 
that  distinguished  station  (of  President  of 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford)  •*  with  honor 
to  himself  and  satis^tion  to  the  Univcr* 
sitj/*  Nor  will  the  volume  disgrace  the 
veoerable  name  aitached  to  it,  for  it  con- 
tains much  valuable  information,  and 
breathea  a  very  devout  and  rcligioos 
spirit*  Many  difficulties  are  removed^ 
many  allusions  explained,  and  the  pur^ 
port  and  intent  of  the  different  PsalmA 
are  iUuitrated.    The  volome  nuy  be  oou^ 


510 


Miteelhneout  Rniaot. 


[May. 


■idered  m  a  very  useful  epiide  ftod  coni- 
mefiUt7  to  the  ctudy  of  one  of  the  roo«t 
imporUDt,  and  the  most  popuLar  of  nil 
the  portioni  of  the  ancient  Scriptures ; 
the  great  subject  of  this  womdetfki  bookt 
ax  the  Author  expreftsei  himaelfi  bdng  the 
redemptioD  of  man  by  the  victory  of  MeS' 
aUh  over  Sin  and  Death. 


The  Patriarch  i  or  OralTradUim,  4(c* 

Bff  the  Rev.  R.  Ga^eoyiic. — The  chief 
po«}m  in  thii  Toluaie*  the  Patriarch,  wiU 
be  read  with  pleasure  by  thoite  who  are 
aatiafied  with  good  seoae  and  juet  redec- 
tbns  exprei«ed  in  ejiiy  and  melodiouB 
TeraificatioUr  We  must,  however,  except 
one  passage  (p.  73)  beginoing 

'*  Sobo !  of  Cambridge  and  of  Oxford  too,  Ace. " 

and  we  mart  eKtKJstuIate  with  the  author 
for  bit  temerity  is  printing  such  lines  as 
we  meet  with  at  p.  109,  called,  '*A  Cler- 
gyman's Rules  !  " — Can  he  thinlc  that  &- 
miliarity  of  subject  begets  or  autlioriaet 
incorrectness  of  composition  ?  if  he  doe« 
so^  let  him  look  to  the  parity  of  Swift's  style 
to  be  undeceived ;  and  then  let  him  not 
give  us  such  prodigies  of  things  meant  for 
rhyme  as  ^*  hymn  and  sin,'^  '*doz«  and 
toast/'  "  morn  and  sLorm,"  &c.  and  in  a 
subsequent  poem,  p,  113,  let  him  correct 
his  concluding  couplet 

'*  Bis  hpenM  soul  for  heaveuly  blist 
Wbere  tiow  his  hope— the  Saviour—**.** 

■ad  when  he  is  at  his  poetical  desk,  b«  may 
ai  well  brush  up  th«  following  anomalous 
verses  to  Miss  H. 

**Thy  parents  then  their  error  read, 

And  movrd  to  trarp  the  fruiti  of  glee, 
Or  prophet  like,  or  truly  aaid« 

Out  nury  out  wiJl  iirove  a  Sophy. 
Oh  I  liovely  Suiih,  wlieu  thee  [  wed. 
Hiy  wisdom  from  above  shall  aid  me,'*  fte. 


Jte%io  Medici t  it*  Sequel;  Chri*tian 
Morale.  By  Sir  t,  Browoe,  Kt.  riTlA 
memblant  Paeta^ee/mni  Cowper^t  Tiask. 
^-The  purpose  which  the  Editor  has  ac- 
complished in  the  present  republication  of 
these  treatises,  has  been  to  unite  the 
Christian  Morals  to  the  Religio  Medici 
lor  the  first  time ;  the  Religio  Medici  being 
Sir  Thomas  Browne's  first  work,  and  the 
Cbrittifiji  Morals  the  latest ;  and  the  Edi. 
tor  jusUy  remarks,  "that  it  is  delightfnl 
to  perceive  the  perfect  harmony  thai 
retgof  in  both  works,  although  well  nigli 
half  a  century  rolled  away  betireen  the 
ratpeetive  periods  of  their  compoeition.'* 
Tlw  ©ther  ohjw't  he  hst  ntt«ined,  has  been 
thr     r  I  .if  the 

i;»>i   iMHiiprir.u,        ii     a|>j,PL«*«i'    *»»»►     till*    IH>- 

piOar  work  was  torrepliiSovilf  fiablltW 


in  1642.  It  came  out  under  the  aathor*a 
own  care  in  1643.  To  this  edition,  a  table 
of  errata  was  prefixed ;  but  theettheegueui 
editioTiit  were  printed  without  any  re- 
ference at  all  to  ihit  table  .'  The  imprea- 
aion  of  1605  is  the  most  faulty  of  any,  for 
It  adds  new  blunders  to  the  old  ones.  The 
folio  of  IGBQ  keeps  the  old  ones,  and  the 
reprint  of  1 736  cannot  claim  this  modi- 
fied praise.  As  regards  the  ChrisdanMorala, 
It  appears  to  have  been  first  printed  in 
1716,  from  the  original  MS.  and  forty 
years  afterwards  by  Dr.  Johnsonr  with  a 
life  of  Browne  ;  it  is  also  printed  in  the 
excellent  edition  of  Browne^s  works  by 
Mr.  Wilkin,  which  we  hope  has  met  with 
that  encouragement  which  it  amply  de- 
serves ;.  for  it  must  rank  among  the  best 
and  most  judicious  republications  of  the 
present  day,  and,  indeed,  presents  the  only 
genuine  and  complete  coilection  of  the 
works  of  a  most  singular  and  justly  cele- 
brated writer.  The  Editor  has  added  an 
inde3E  of  the  peculiar  and  uncommon 
terms  used  by  the  author ;  and  a  pleasing 
collection  of  passages  from  Cowper's 
Task,  containing  sentiments  and  expres- 
sions similar  to  those  of  the  Norwich  Phi* 
loaopher ;  the  diligence  of  the  Editor, 
which  is  most  worthy  of  tmitatiou,  has 
been  called  forth  by  his  love  of  the  tub- 
ject  and  admiration  of  his  author ;  and 
the  intrinsic  merit  of  the  work  itaelf  ought 
to  ensure  a  continuanee  of  that  popularity 
it  once  enjoyed,  perhaps  beyontf  any  work 
of  the  same  nature. 


An  K§$ay  on  the  relation  in  mhieh  M# 
Moral  Precepts  of  the  Old  and  New  Tuta^ 
ment  ttand  to  each  other*  By  John  Daries, 
^.Ai.--Thts  Essay  gained  the  Halaeaa 
Prize  for  the  year  1842 ;  the  author  appeals 
to  us  to  have  taken  a  full  aud  eocurato 
view  of  his  sQbject,  and  to  have  dianiiaiwd 
it  in  a  manner  worthy  the  distinetioa  hm 
has  acquired.  After  observing  on  tb^ 
origin  and  nature  of  law,  he  shews  Ite 
distinction  between /N>tt/irtf  and  asere/ pre- 
cepts ;— >thia  leada  to  the  exarai  nation  o£ 
the  nature  ol  the  Jewish  and  Chraaciui 
dispensations  as  Revelations  of  Divine 
Truth.  Of  these  dispensations,  as  lyateou 
of  morality,  he  shews  the  substantial 
identity,  and  the  greater  fiillness  and  C9C« 
tent  of  Christian  moraltfcy.  He  lastly  no- 
does  the  motives  and  objects,  or  ends  of 
moral  actions,  under  the  two  diepent^* 
tlont.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  view  th«i« 
taken  of  the  subject  leaves  no  Important 
branch  or  portion  untouched,  and  to  tb# 
jiiitness  ot  the  reasoning,  snd  the  clear* 
neia  and  elegance  of  the  style,  we  bear  04r 
humble  testdmonv,  which,  hewe^r,  ti  only 
valuable  after  the  higher  tefttmooy  b#* 


4 


1844.] 


Ne»  PubllctttionM, 


•It 


«towedr  at  U  Iff  fn(ie)p«itdeiit  of  it*    We 

nre  more  particularly  pleated  with  CliapttT 
IT.  OQ  the  identity  of  the  two  dlspcnsa- 
tions,  and  where  the  i^race  of  God,  manU 
f rated  ia  Ihe  Goipei  of  Ckrtit,  is  tbewn 
not  to  be  oppotea  to  the  moral  bw,  but  to 
be  its  life  mod  strength.  '*  It  is  (to  use  the 
author's  words]  the  eticetlence  of  christi- 
anitj  tint  she  incorporatea  the  atitient 
prindptes  of  morality  within  her  ay  stem  ; 
she  his  mtnpHficd  them  to  nobkr  propor- 
tions ^  end  txcd  them  upon  sure  found  a* 


tions ;  the  hit  brought  to  light  many 
truths  that  sin  had  bog  covered  with  dark- 
ness ;  she  has  decided  many  things  that 
were  doubtful  in  their  nature ;  ihe  has 
supplied  new  and  powerful  mo  tires »  and 
furnished  additional  aids  \  ebe  has  con- 
nected morality  more  closely  with  reli- 
gtoot  both  Lu  its  aouroe  and  io  its  end,  and 
thus  made  it  more  fitting  for  the  accept- 
ance of  him  who  is  infinite  ia  bolinest  and 
love  I  kc. 


LITERARY    AND    SCIENTIFIC    INTELLIGENCE. 


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HUtory  and  Biography, 

A  History  of  the  Church »  in  Seven 
Books,  from  306  to  445.  By  Soceatis, 
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TraniLated  from  the  Greek,  with  lome 
Account  of  the  Life  and  Writings  of  the 
Author.     Bto,  7t. 

History  of  HnlUntl,  from  the  bej^nning 
of  the  Tenth  to  the  cud  of  the  Eighteenth 
Century.  By  C.  M.  Dalies.  Vol.  3, 
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of  Objection  luddental  to  them,  with 
Forms.  By  Jelimobe  C.  Stmons,  esq. 
Barrister-at-Law.     ISmo.  6f. 

Treatise  on  Warrants  of  Attorney  and 
Cognovits :  with  ao  Appendii  of  Forms. 
By  Hknry  Hawkins,  eHq.  of  the  Mid- 
dle Temple,  Bamster-ut-Law.  4«. 

Natural  Hislory,  ift. 

Scenes  and  Tales  of  Country  Life  :  with 
Recollections  of  Natural  History.  By 
Edward  Jesse,  e^q.  Surveyor  of  Her 
Msjesty  s  Parks,  Palaces,  &c.  Post  8vo. 
1S«. 

Zoology  of  the  Yoyage  of  H.M.S. 
Sulphur,  under  the  command  of  Captain 
Sir  Edward  Belcher,  R.N.  C.B.  F.R.G.S. 
&c.  during  the  years  1 836— 42.  No.  5— 
Ichtbyulngy  By  Jobk  Richabdson, 
M.D.,  F.R.S.,  &c.  Royal  4to.  plates  and 
letterpress.     10#. 

Elements  of  Natural  History,  for  the 
use  of  Schools  and  Young  Persons  ;  com- 
prising the  Principles  of  Classification,  in- 
terspersed with  Amnsing  and  Instructive 
Original  Accounts  of  the  most  remark- 
able Animals.  By  Mrs.  R.  Leb.  ISmo. 
ft.  6d. 

The  Child^s  Own  Book  of  Animals. 
Oblong,  coloured  plates  and  letterpress, 
Tf .  6d. 

The  Ocean  and  ita  InhabitaQta:  with 


their  Uaea  to  Man.    Small  4to. 
plates  and  letterpreas.    St.  Sd, 

Agriculture  and  G€rd€tum§. 

Onide  to  Trade.  The  Fltrmer.  Ccnb« 
pfled  by  Gboeob  Nicholls,  esq.  ISbm. 
«t. ;  2#.  6d. 

Fuming  in  the  Olden  Time ;  a  Revfliir 
of  Tus8er*s  Five  Hundred  Pointi  of  Good 
Hnsbandry,  eoBipared  and  ooBtraatei  ^ASk 
the  System  of  the  Present  Day.  By  Bam* 
UBL  Tatloe.    8to.   U. 

Essay  on  the  Growth  and  ManagaBeBt 
of  Flax  in  Ireland,  which  obtained  the 
Gold  Medal  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Society. 
By  John  Speoulb,  Author  of  *'  A  IVea- 
tise  on  Agriculture,'*  &c.     8to.    1#. 

Theory  and  Practice  applied  to  the 
Cultivation  of  the  Cncnmber  fai  die 
Winter  Season ;  to  which  Is  added,  a 
Chapter  on  Melons.  By  Thomas  Mookb, 
Royal  Botanic  Gardens,  Regent's  PBrk. 
19mo.  5f. 

CotUge  Gardening.  By  Jambs  MAnr» 
A.L.S.    8to.  Std. 

ScUnet. 

Treatise  on  Plane  Co-ordtEBta  Oeeise« 
try.  By  the  Rev.  M.  O'Beibh.  Piit  I. 
8vo.  180  plates.    9t. 

The  Elements  of  Differential  and  In- 
tegral  Calculus.  By  Jambs  Cownbu.. 
8yo.   9«. 

The  EqniTalent,  Proportional,  or  Com- 
bining Weight  of  the  Elementary  Bodiee. 
ByJ.  GoRHAM.     7f. 

Practical  Treatise  on  the  Eetipaea  of  the 
Son  and  Moon,  and  the  Deilection  of  the 
Moon  and  Planets.  By  Thomas  Kbei- 
oan,  R.N.  F.R.S.     8vo.  4«. 

The  Rule  of  Three  not  the  Rule  of  Pne* 
portion,  but  a  Rule  illustrating  Propor« 
tion.  By  the  Rev.  J.  Cottbrii  l,  RcKctor 
of  Blakeney,  Norfolk.     12mo.  8«. 

An  Essay  on  the  DeYeloproent  of  Fane* 
tions.  By  the  Rct.  Albxandbe  Qirtif* 
TIN  Grrgan-Ceaupved,  M.A.  of  Jeans 
college,  Cambridge.     8to.  St. 

The  Advance  of  Science,  and  Perfeeta- 
bility  of  iu  Professors.  By  JoHif  H, 
Goldsmith.    8to.  St. 

Jrchitecturtt  &c. 

An  Account  of  the  Churches  in  the 
Division  of  Holland,  in  the  County  of 
Lincoln ;  with  Sixty-nine  Illnstrations. 
Royal  8to.    I3r.  ^d. 

Church  Architecture  scriptnraUy  eon* 
sidered  from  the  Earliest  Ages  to  the  Pre- 
sent Time.  By  the  Rev.  F.  Closb,  A.M. 
Perpetual  Curate  of  Cheltenham,  isinp* 
3«.  6d. 

Practical  Remarks  on  some  of  the  Mhunr 
Accessories  to  the  Services  of  the  Church ; 
with  Hints  on  the  P^reparation  of  AHar 


18440 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence, 


515 


ClothBr  Fede  Qotlis,  aad  other  Eccleftiai- 
tical  Piimiture;  Ad4re««ed  to  Lailiei  And 
Cburchwardeas.  Bjr  Gilbbet  J. Faenor. 
178  woodruls.  4#. 

Ufcful  Arts  employed  in  the  Coiiatnic> 
tioA  of  Dwelling  Uou«efl.     2a.  Gd, 

Fine  Artti, 

Etehed  TbonghU ;  consiitlng  of  60 
EtcbingB,  with  illuHtratire  Lettfrpreii. 
Bj  the  Etching  Club,  leap.  4to.  HI. 
St.  Imp.  folio,  10/.  I  Of. 

Specimens  of  Decoratioasi  telected 
from  Raphaers  Drfligni  in  the  Vatican 
Pdacc.  Bj  Mc«8r».  J.  W.  and  W.  A. 
Papwoetb*  Royal  4to.  14  pbles*  Un. 
Imperial  4 to.  SOt. 

Qrigtttal  Geometrical  Diaper  Desirnsr 
for  the  uae  of  Decorative  Painters,  Car« 
pet,  Damaak,  and  Shawl  Weavera,  Calico 
Printers,  Stained  Glaas  ManufacturerB^ 
&c. :  accoinpaoted  by  an  EAsay  on  Orna* 
mental  Deaign.  By  D.  R-  Hay,  Deco- 
rative Painter  to  the  Queen,  Edinburgh. 
Part  U  olbong  folio.     .1*.  Gd, 

Artist'i  and  Amateur'n  Magazine  ;  a 
work  devoted  to  the  InteresU  of  the  Arta 
of  Deaigu^  and  the  Cultivation  of  Tnate. 
Edited  by  E.  V.  Rippin&ills.  RoyaJ 
8vo*     14*. 

Print  Collector;  an  Introduction  to 
the  Knowledge  necessary  for  forming  a 
CollectioQ  of  Ancient  Pnnti,  coniaining 
SnggeBtions  as  to  the  Mode  of  com- 
mencing Collector,  and  a  Catalogue  Rai- 
souD^e  of  Booka  ou  Eogravinga  and 
PrinU.     Siiiall4to.   128. 

Field  Sportt. 
Tnrf  Annala  of  York  and  Don  carter } 
together  with  the  particulars  of  the  Derby 
and  Oakft  at  Epsom,  from  the  earlieat  pe- 
riod to  the  doae  of  tlie  year  1%(43  ;  iatitr*^ 
apereed  with  Biographical  Notioes  of 
many  of  the  Olden  Jookies  who  have 
earned  a  notoriety  on  the  turf*  and  other 
features  coDoeoted  therewttht  By  John 
OaroN.    evot     ISt. 

Frtpar'mf  far  Pulttieothn, 

The  Remains  of  th«!  Aticient  Mona»tti7 
ArdiitoctBre  of  England.  Drawn  and 
Btiirmted  by  JoaKS  Pomm«  esq  Archi- 
tect* Liicbfleld.  Part  I.  Ttntern  Abbey. 
tmp.  folio  > 

The  Andent  Eoelesiattical  Architecture 
Id  the  Dtoof«e  of  Lkblleld.  By  the  aame. 

Churches  of  Warwickshire  :  Deanery  of 
Warwick,  under  the  •uperinteodaiice  of 
the  Arrhit^rtoral  Committee  of  the  War- 
wU  L  tral  Hiitory  and  Arcbeo- 

logi  In   Ports*   Bto*     2i  6i» 

prooift,  M,  ha, 

TheAniiilf  of  (he  faof  MBilci%  Ibsi 


A.D.  ins  to  the conclttsion in  1616;  coo- 
sifting  of  the  Iriih   tejct  from  the  original 
MS.    and    an    English   translation,  wi^| 
copious    explanatory    Notes,    by    JoHitf 
O' Donovan.     To  he  publiihed  by  sii|ft»j 
ecriptton,  in  2  vols.  4to.  Gi.  6*. 

In  May  wilt  be  published  No.  1,  with^ 
plates  from  the  originals,  *'  Ancient  Coin 
of  Cities  and  Priocest  geographically  ar«  I 
ranged  and  deirnhcd.'*     By  Johk  Vostoi 
Akehman,  F.S.A.,  one  of  the  SecrvtM  | 
ries  of  the  Numitmatic  Society. 

The  New  Testament  of  our  Lord  at 
Saviomr  Jesus  Christ,  the  test  from  tht  j 
Authorised  Yersioo,  with  historical  Noteai  { 
and   Eogrsvings   of  many  ancient  coina 
from  the  originals  in  the  pubtlc  and  pri*  { 
?ate  collections  of  England  and  the  Con- 
tineat.     By  J.  Y.  AsRaiiAK.     In  Parts. 

The  History  and  Antiquities  of  Dart-  I 
ford,  wiih  Incidental  Notices  of  Placet  la  { 
the  Neighboorhood.     By  John  Dunkim, 


tTNtVKRSITT   or   DUBLIN. 

The  snbj^e'cts  for  the  Vtce-ChanoeUor'i 
prixes  to  be  awarded  at  the  Summer  com* 
men  cement,  1B44,  are — 

For  Graduates.  —  In  Greek,  iMisL^  gr 
English  prose.  **Tbe  probable  inflamitB 
of  increased  means  of  commanicaticm 
between  difFerent  nationst  on  their  civilisa- 
tion.*' 

For  Undergraduates* — In  Greek,  Latttip 
or  English  ver^e,  *'  The  ruined  Cities  of 
Central  America." 

Bishop  Berkeley's  gold  medal  for  Greek 
has  been  awarded  to  James  Monaghao, 
B.A.  (1841). 

The  Vice -Chancellor*!  prises  have  becQ 
awarded  to  Andrew  Fawcett,  B.A   (1843), , 
for   coMpoaition  in    Latin    prose,  and  to  i 
William    f.    Meredith,  B.A.  (1^44.1,  for 
oompoaitiDfis  in  Latin  and  English  verse* 


UNITEItSITY    or   DUnHAlf. 

Mrs.  Pemberton  of  Sherburne  Hall| 
having  commimicated  her  wish,  in  oom- 
plianre  with  the  recommendation  of^ 
her  late  hnsband,  John  Pembrr 
to  fbnad  a  Fellowship  in  this  '^ 
to  be  called  the  Pemberton  Ftllw  .....j  ,  ^f  j 
the  annual  value  of  lOOf,  and  two  Scholar*  \ 
ships,  each  of  the  annual  value  of  30/.  tQi 
be  called  tbr  Pemberton  Scholarships,  aoAl 
having^  «'xpr^^sed  the  conditiona  on  which  1 
th(  T  "  '  ,>  and  Schoiarsbipa iffii  ti»  be  j 
heM  wment  was  accepted  at  ml 

Con,, —  J  I  ""  »^--  '^t»h  of  March  I  1 

and  the    I  i  to  convey 

to  Mrs    i  _  l  thanks  of) 

the  Univcritity   lor    Uti*  muuificeot  beD««  | 
faocioii. 


516 


ArchiUclure, 


ASTLETT    COOPER    PBIXE, 

The  firtit  award  of  this  munificecit  pme, 
under  the  will  of  the  late  eminent  surgeon, 
whoiQ  Dame  it  bears,  ha§  just  taken  place. 
Sir  Aatley  Copper  bec[ueatlied  a  large  gum 
of  money,  to  be  appropriated  m  triennial 
prizes  for  the  bejt  esaay  nij  certain  phy- 
Biological  subjects  named  by  himself;  tUe 
first,  the  one  now  adjudicated,  being  '*  on 
the  structure  and  naes  of  the  thymus 
gland/*  The  phj^siciana  and  surgeons  of 
Guy's  (Sir  Aattey's  on'o)  Hospital  are  the 
appointed  judges,  and  the  successful  com- 
petitor on  this  occasion  is  Mr*  Simon^ 
on^  of  the  anatomical  teachers  in  King's 
College,  and  Asftistftat  Surgeon  to  King'K 
College  Hospital. 


The  most  comprehensive  memorial  left 
of  the  late  Sir  Hobert  Kcr  Porter*!  talents 
has  this  year  become  the  property  of  the 
British  Museum.  It  is  a  large  folio,  con- 
taining the  original  drawings  he  made 
during  his  welUknown  travels  in  the  East, 
jllustrated  by  their  attendant  notes,  and 
all  sketched  on  the  relative  spots,  faithful 
to  what  he  saw,  wbctherviewsof  coantry, 
citicsi  remains  of  antiquity,  peo^de  and 
their  costumes,  or  ancient  inscriptions, 
Uc,  ate.     Sir  Robert  Ker   Porter  spent 


three  years,  or  rather  more,  in  the  Eaif« 
indefatigably  pursuing  hta  researchefl*  aad 
carefully  recording,    by  pen   and    |iCBeily 

their  results. 


Some  of  Galileo's  manuacripUr  pre* 
sumcd  to  hare  been  lost  or  burnt  by  order 
of  the  Inquisition,  have  be«a  found  nt 
Florence,  among  the  archives  of  the  Pk- 
lazzo  Pitti.  The  Foreign  Quarterly  Ra- 
view  say?  : — **  The  manuscripts,  betidiw 
being  objects  of  curiosity,  are  likely  to  bt 
useful  to  astronomicAl  science*  inasmocli 
as  thef  contain  information  respecting  tlie 
eclipses  of  former  times. — a  course  of  the 
satellites  of  Jupiter,  subject  to  wbidl 
Galileo  directed  great  attention,'* 

Amongtit  the  manuscripts  in  the  0^. 
rian  library  at  Rome,  there  have  htesk 
found  47  autograph  letters  of  King  Henry 
IV.  to  Clement  VIII.  (HypoUtc  Aldo- 
brandini.)     They  are  to  be  publiaheJ. 

Moritz  Ret;tfich  has  brought  out  a  new 
ihrauon  (the  7th)  of  Illustrations  of 
Sb&kesperc.  **  The  Merry  Wives  of  Wind- 
sor "  is  the  drama  thus  illustrated. 

*'Chtldti  Harold^'  has  been  traiialAted 
into   the   German,    very    spiritedly,    by 

BsroQ  Zedlitz, 


ARCHITECTURE. 


cowsvcmATioN  or  sr.  jobn*^  church,  east  crislkbu&st,  xmwt. 


April  16.  The  new  chnreh  dedietted 
to  St.  John  at  Side  up  in  Cbisleburst  p«- 
rith  wai  consecrated  by  tlie  Right  Rrv» 
Dr.  Murray.  Lord  Bishop  of  Rochester. 
It  tiAibeen  erected  almoat  at  the  joint  ex* 


penae  of  Lord  Bexley  and  Henry  Bermi, 
esq.  The  foundation  waataid  on  tbe  ^tk 
Nov.  ia4U  «Dd  the  material  used  oon* 
sifted  principally  of  brick  tod  4int« 
Great  attention  ha«  been  paid  to  the  i 


r 


18440 


ArchUiclure, 


Sir 


run ^ men t  of  t)ic  iittrrior.  In  fact,  alt 
hoB  been  AceotDpHshcd  \X\tX  taste  andakill, 
learned  researcli  and  Uberatitj,  could  com- 
mand. Mr.  B«rpns  in  his  report  tayt^ 
that  owing  to  **  the  Gontnbutions  of  friends 
he  ia  enabled  to  report  the  Atting^ap  of 
tbe  interior  in  a  far  more  complete  state 
liuui  he  anticipated.  The  whole  of  the 
wfndows*  have  been  HUed  with  gjotiiid 
plate  glass,  presented  hj  Mr.  WoUastoti 
of  Wellini^,  A  beautiful  service  of  plate 
and  other  appendages  for  the  communion 
have  been  presented  by  members  of  the 
family  of  Pootscray  Place  ;  a  finger  organ 
of  if^eat  power  and  sweetness,  and  also  a 
l>eal  of  silt  bells,  bj  a  member  of  bis  own  ; 
a  complete  set  of  books  of  the  liandBomest 
descriptioD  by  bis  relation  the  rector  of 
Bucklind,  Surrey ;  an  altar  canopy  of 
anoi^nt  earred  oak  by  the  rector  of  North 
Cray  ;  and  a  pair  of  handsome  carved 
oak  chairs  for  the  east  end,  by  Mr.  Hay* 
ward  of  Dart  ford."  Mr.  Berens  might 
justly  have  enumerated  in  the  catalo^e 
some  of  his  own  ma^niticf-nt  donatioDSf 
fuch  as  the  altar-piece,  font,  polpiti  &c, 
&c.  all  chari^ed  with  carvings  of  our  Sa- 
viour, or  the  ajpostles,  or  &e  saints,  or 
scenes  iUustratiire  of  Scriptore  passages 
or  typical  of  some  article  of  our  holy  faith. 
At  the  hack  of  the  communion -table  is  a 
carved  altar-piece  beautifully  eiecntcd  by 
v.  Bon  ami!  on  a  pure  block  of  Carrara 
raarble,  the  subject  L*  Vinci's  Lord^s 
Supper.  Around  it,  in  gold  Icttere  shaded 
with  red,  on  a  mazarine  bluei  with  old 
Enji^lish  illuminated  capitals*  ts  inscribed, 
*'  This  do  in  remembrance  of  me.  Draw 
near  with  faith,  and  take  Ibis  holy  Sacra- 
ment to  your  comfort',"  the  whole  encom- 
paased  with  a  caned  oaken  frame.  On 
the  dexter  aide,  in  a  corresponding  frame, 
iu  gitt  letters  (apparently  cut  abroad),  in 
plain  Roman  capitals,  "The  Belief*  and 
'*  The  Lord*a  Prayer,"  whilst  on  the  op- 
posite side  to  match  are  **  The  Coraa:innd. 
meata/'  The  oaken  chairs  within  the 
eommunioo  rails  are  splendid  models  of 
earring.  The  altar-Uble  is  also  of  oak, 
and  is  covered  with  a  richly  and  elaborately 
worked  altar-cloth.  The  communion, 
rails  are  of  veined  white  marble  sur- 
mounted  with  black  marble.  The  font  b 
one  of  the  chaiitesC  specimens  of  modern 
construction.  It  is  fitly  formed  of  the 
very  purest  white  Carrara  marble,  and 
stands  on  a  sexanfular  pedestal,  with 
compartments  containing  subjects  from 
the  life  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist. 
The  pulpit  is  of  carred  oak  of  foreigQ 

*  The  window  at  the  eastern  end  is  to 
be  replaced  we  understand  with  itained 
glass  at  th«  upeiue  of  Ui«  IUt.  £,  W. 
EdgeU. 


workmanship,  and  bears  date  "  Antwerp, 
1551  ;"  the  eiecution  of  the  apoatlea* 
beads  is  of  the  highest  merit.  The  ana* 
log i urn  is  of  brass,  and  also  from  abroad, 
and  (if  our  recollection  serves  us)  is 
surmounted  with  the  Prussian  eagle. 
The  corbels  are  also  of  carved  oak,  and 
represent  the  twelve  apostles. 

Few  prelates  can  have  greater  caas« 
for  cooji^ratulation  on  the  visible  good 
effects  of  their  labours  in  the  increase  of 
church  aceommodfltion  in  their  diocesei 
than  the  present  Bishop  of  Rochester, 
since,  within  a  circuit  of  five  miles  of  hb 
residence  at  Bromley,  no  fewer  than  aerui 
episcopal  chapels  have  been  erected 
either  by  the  private  bounty  of  individuali 
or  public  lubflcription,— two  at  Bexlcyi 
one  at  Bromley,  Blackheath,  Sydenham i 
Penge,  and  this  at  Chislehunt. 

Lord  Bexley  (in  conjunction  with  th« 
Church-building  Commissioners)  has  un- 
dertaken the  erection  of  an  appropriatfi 
and  commodious  parsonage- house »  and 
invented  a  sum  in  the  funds  for  the  en^* 
dowmeut  of  the  minister. 

Dart/ortL  A.  J.  D. 


New  Church  vs. 

Sept,  30.  The  new  church  at  Hedhiil, 
Surrey,  an  elegant  fltmcture,  with  a 
beautiful  spire,  was  consecrated  by  the 
Bishop  of  Winchester.  It  is  calculated 
to  hold  <jOO  persons — two-thirds  of  the 
sittings  being  free.  It  was  first  proposed 
on  account  of  a  sum  of  money  (400/.) 
being  paid  by  the  London  and  Brightoa 
Railway  Company  for  waste  laud  they  had 
taken,  and  has  been  liberally  carried  for* 
ward  by  the  donations  of  the  gentry  in 
the  neighbourhood.  The  architect  is  J. 
T.  Knowles,  esq. 

Oci.  IT.  The  Lord  Bishop  of  Ripon 
consecrated  a  new  church,  built  at  ua/- 
fotrffiitj  near  Kirkby  Malzeard. 

iV&p.  3.     The  Bishop  of  Ripon  conse- 
crated  the  new  church  at  F&rtley,  in  the 
West  Riding.     The  site  was  presented  bv 
Thomas  Thomhill,   esq,  of  Fiiby   Uall^  < 
who  contributed  HH)  gmueas  towards  th^  i 
buildiog  fund,  whteh  amounted  to  l,4Mlli(J 
The  erection  and  fitting  up  of  the  churdi^ 
will  not  exceed  that  amount. 

On  the  ssme  day,  the  conaecratioo  ' 
St.  Mary's  Church,  Piatt,  nearWrotbam, 
Kent,  was  performed  by  the  Archbishop  of'' 
Canterbury.  It  is  capable  of  accommo* 
dating  500,  and  has  been  erected  from  th« 
design  of  ^leisrs.  Wichcord  and  Walker*  , 
It  U  cruciform  in  plan,  consisting  of 
ohancel,  nare,  and  transepts  ;  the  style  is 
Early  English,  with  a  large  western 
tower.  Its  roof  is  of  timber,  shewtaf 
intenially  the  entire  &amiog.  The  navtt 
tad   tnuiKpt4   §n  UM  up  with  loir 


»18 


Antiqtmnan  Researches* 


[May, 


ptwt  aod  free  MaU,  tnd  the  chftDc«l 
«iitirel]r  free  from  any  encumbrance. 
The  church  is  nUo  inritbout  palkrieg,  ex- 
cept the  tower^  which  is  to  coatdn  tax 
organ  and  the  tiof  ers*  The  church  is  placed 
in  Ji  most  roroftntic  and  elevated  ftltuAtion 
On  the  road  to  Plaxiolf  and  I  he  tower» 
which  is  65  feet  high,  is  visible  for  very 
■uuif  milra  round.  A  beautiful  ftAined 
^iBM  window  over  the  altar  h&a  been  pre- 
isfittd  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Randolph;  ft 
tilvcr  altar  service^  by  Miaa  Yatei^  of 
Fairlawn;  and  a  itone  font  by  Colonel 
Aosteo. 

Nov.  5«  The  new  parith  church  at 
0id9itit\fordt  CO,  Wore,  was  opened  for 
divine  aervice  in  the  presence  of  the  Lord 
Bishop  of  the  dioceset  who  delivered  an 
appropriate  aermon.  It  is  built  of  8tone« 
quarried  on  land  belonging  to  the  feoffeea 
of  Oldswioford  Hospital « in  Ibe  parish  of 
PedmorCf  and  ia  in  the  style  of  the  13  th 
century.  The  windows  are  full  of  rich 
tracery^  and  the  whole  of  them  filkd  with 
atained  glass.  The  church  %;ontaiQs  1457 
itttiugs,  TBI  of  which  are  free,  Tbe  cost 
of  erection  is  about  5,000/,  raised  by 
voluntary  subscription,  aided  by  grants 
from  the  Incorporated  Society  and  from 
the  Worcester  Diocesan  Society* 

Nov*   16.    Tbe  new  chnrcb  at  Cruden, 


near  Aberdeen ^  waa  consecrated  hy  the 
Bishop  of  the  diocese.  It  is  built  in  Che 
Early  English  style,  having  long,  narrow^ 
Uncet  wtEidows,  with  alternate  buttreaMA, 
and  a  spire  about  90  feet  high,  which,  frciisi 
ita  elevated  poaitiont  is  seen  to  a  gr^at 
distance  both  by  sea  and  land.  The 
■tmcture  is  plain  and  simple,  but  chiiate 
and  appropriate.  Tbe  internal  arraiigB* 
nieota  are  all  carefully  studied*  TIm 
ground  has  been  granted  hy  the  Eart  of 
Erroll,  who  has  other wiae  ooDtribultd  to 
this  pious  work 

D^e,  12.  A  new  district  church  ontlia 
Dicker  Common,  in  the  parish  of  Artinf^ 
ion^  Sussex,  waacoDsecnited  by  the  libhop 
of  Chichester.  This  church,  which  it 
dedicated  to  the  Holy  Trinity,  baa  bccai 
built  in  the  course  of  the  last  jtsu  hf 
voluntary  contributions,  aided  by  graala 
from  the  Incorporated  Society  and  tlM 
Chichester  DioccBan  Association*  It  con* 
tains  about  300  aittiugs,  all  of  which  w 
free,  and  is  designed  to  supply  the  apiritval 
wants  of  a  population  of  aboat  500  wm^ 
settled  of  late  years  in  a  newly .incioMtf 
country  remote  from  their  pariah  chuioh* 
and  generally  in  humble  circumitaBcaa. 
The  Rev<  Dr.  Wameford  haa  fivaii 
towards  the  endowment. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


tOCtlTT  OF  ANTItllTJllllES. 

^JUncifft.     Henry  Hallam,  esq.  V,P. 

fBttiiii  dirch,  eaq.  Asifi^tant  Keeper  of 
AlitftpiftleB  in  the  Dritish  Mu^eum^ 
•Dd  one  of  the  Secreturies  to  the  English 
8ei!tfon  of  the  Arch«ological  Institute  at 
Rome,  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Society. 
James  Dear  den,  esq.  F.S.A,,  presented 
two  imprrssions  of  a  representation  of  an 
ancient  British  ornament,  described  a* 
a  collar,  diacoreredin  Lancashire  in  l^lt. 
It  meaaures  in  diameter  5§  in,,  the  weight 
is  1  lb,  4|  Of. ;  one  half  ift  c>f  a  square  fomo, 
enriched  with  aigxag  lines,  the  other  is 
formed  of  a  number  of  twisted  and  en< 
graved  ornaments,  separated  from  each 
Other  hy  small  rin^^t  prcci^ety  simitar  la 
the  bronze  ornament  found  in  Worcester- 
ahire,  and  eihibited  by  Jabez  AUicN,  esq. 
F,S.A,,  on  DfT.  U,  184.1.  Thii  lavt  it 
eridently  the  half  of  an  ornament  identical 
in  dc!ijgn  ami  purpose  with  that  diacovered 
In  Lancafhire, 

The  T."rH  Sr«n1«r  ^  Alderley,  fM.k. 
I" .  ■   ■  .    !/     ['.jiar^nily 

ir  rtned  of 

lc..«  |..vvv-  ^»  j.v  w*  v~.»v;  4,oal,  dis- 


covered   near    Holyhead    Mountain,   in 

Anglesea,  in  IB '28.  It  is  formed  of  several 
pirccs,  graclualty  narrowing  tnwarda  the 
two  extrvmities,  attached  together  hy 
means  of  numerous  small  holes  drilled 
through  the  inner  edges,  and  entirely 
through  the  breadth  of  some  pkecaa.  Tli6 
portions  of  greatest  width,  towards  the 
centre  of  the  necklace,  meaanre  9])  in*  by 
about  5-8Lhs  in  breadth,  and  2-jtba  ia 
thickness.  A  repreaentation  of  a  similar 
ornament,  formed  of  amber,  and  found  Ul 
a  barrow  at  Kington  Deveritl  in  Wittahire* 
is  given  by  Sir  Richard  Colt  Uoare, 
Ancient  Wilta.  vol.  L  pi.  3,  p.  46.  Thia 
necklace  was  accompanied  by  another* 
formed  of  oblong  beads,  of  a  form  slightly 
tapering  from  the  middle,  and  meaauriiur 
in  length  from  \  b.  to  ti  in. ;  alto  a  ini^I 
conical  button,  iimilar  in  form  to  some  of 
bone  which  arc  represented  in  the 
work,  vol.  I.  pL  12,  p.  lo.j;  and  a 
triangular  ornament,  all  formed  of  tht 
same  light  and  fslightly  inftammahle  aoh- 
fttftnce,  fither  coal  or  jet-  Some  portlofi 
of  these  nfck-omnments  appear  to  be  im^ 
•*•'**  ^mA  the  entire  Irogth  cannot  b» 


1844.] 


Antiquarian  lUHoretes. 


M9 


A«e€>rtftin«d*    They  were  deposited  in 
cavity  of  the  rock,  probably  tepulchrd,  in 
frbicli  two  tirni  were  found,  whicli  on  ej. 
poEure  lo  tb«  air  fell  <|uickly  to  pieces. 

Cbarles  Roach  Smith,  ee<[.  F.S.A.,  ex- 
hibited a  jugf  communicated  by  Tbomag 
Neale,  esq*  being  a  tpeciinca  of  Flemish 
wire,  of  a  greyuh  wbite  eoloar,  itamped 
with  omametital  defli|iiB,  and  of  elei^ut 
laihioii.  It  was  found  at  Butley  Priory, 
Norfolk,  and  i«  now  pretenred  in  tlio 
Chctmiford  and  Eisex  Mufieum.  tti  date 
II  of  the  dote  of  the  XVi.  century.  A 
representation  drawn  by  John  Adey  Rep- 
ton,  esq*  F.S.A.,  Bccompaoied  thit  ex- 
Mbition . 

Mr.  B.  Herts,  of  Great  Marlborough - 
itraet,  exhibited  a  series  of  ancient  keys 
formed  of  bronze^  some  of  which  hear  a 
remarkable  resembtance  to  the  ring^keys 
and  patented  inventioiiB  of  modern  timei. 

Albert  Way,  etq.  Director,  eihibited  a 
v«ri«ty  of  antiquities  communicated  by 
Mr.  W.  G.  Rogers,  of  Great  Newport- 
•liMl,  «ontiatiog  of  German  carringe  in 
0«k,  forming  varioui  groupt  ilhi«tmtive  of 
the  *'  Via  Cnicris  ;"  an  Italian  holy* water 
vmmX  of  bronae;  and  a  cJiodlestick  of 
oupper,  elaborately  enriched  with  ailver 
ornameDta,  deacribed  ab  having  been 
brought  from  the  Alhambra,  and  timllar 
to  one  which  was  formerly  at  Strawberry 
HJlh 

It  wu  annonnoed  that  Charles  Fre- 
derick Barnwell,  esq.  M.A.,  Beriah  Bot- 
Aeld,  esq.  M>P.f  Richard  Lord  Braybrooke, 
and  the  Rev.  Samuel  Roffey  Maitland, 
M.A.,  had  been  sppointed  auditors  of  the 
accounts  of  the  ^Society  for  the  year 
ending  Dec.  31,  1843. 

Afirif  18.  W.  R,  Hamilt4ni,  esq.  V,P, 

John  Barrow,  esq.  of  the  Admiralty, 
author  of  Travels  in  Norway  and  Tcetand, 
JJtc*  was  elected  Fellow. 

Among  the  presents  received  wa«  a  copy 
of  Iconogrsphie  Chr^iesne,  Histoire  de 
Dieu,  by  M  Oidron,  PuH«,  l'443»  4to. 
This  work  forms  the  commencement  of 
an  elaborate  treatise  illustrative  of  the 
Symbolism  of  Chnsttan  Art,  and  exhibits 
the  varieties  of  distioctiTe  conTentional 
representation  adopted  by  the  artists  of 
the  Middle  Ages  in  regard  to  each  of  the 
~  nMMnonsof  the  Trinity.  Thevoltime 
ii  prcmely  Uluttrated  with  wood-cuts. 

The  Lord  Stanley  of  Alderley,  F.8.A. 
exhibited  a  British  sepulchral  nm,  contain- 
ing flragments  of  burned  bones,  foood  in 
digging  for  gmvel,  in  the  township  of 
Dfer  Alderlcy,  Cheshire,  near  the  Mac- 
olsilield  road,  and  adjacent  to  a  supposed 
I  Uqc  of  comnDunioation.  The  form 
■-^ikable,  on  accotint  of  the  amall 
td  handUa  or  earsr  plaoed  at 
I  troimd  Uif  upper  ptrtp  u  If  for 


suspension.  Another  urn,  found  near  tbe 
same  spot,  is  represented  in  Ormerod*i 
History  of  Cheshire. 

Albert  Way,  esq.  Director,  exhibited 
▼arious  Roman  remains  communicated  by 
the  Central  Committee  of  the  British 
Arcbaeologicai  Association.  The|  wero 
found  on  an  elevated  spot,  about  three 
miles  south  of  Cbesterfordi  and  submitted 
for  examinalion  by  Mr.  Joseph  Clarke,  of 
Saffron  Waldeo.  They  consist  of  patene 
sod  smaU  vessels  of  red  ware,  some  of 
which  are  plain,  and  others  ornamented 
with  foliage  ;  with  the  potter's  mark  upon 
one  of  them,  OF  ^  VERI  {o^cind  Vtri)^ 
Also  a  remarkable  vessel  of  thiu  glass  4j( 
in.  high,  and  '2i  wide,  wbicb  holds  about 
half  a  pint,  and  is  embossed  on  the  sur- 
face to  aa  to  resemble  the  cone  of  the 
fir  \  a  glass  lachrymatory  ;  oraameots  of 
bronze,  fashioned  as  lions*  faces,  and  ap- 
parently intended  as  the  heads  of  nails  ; 
portions  of  various  glass  veaseU,  and  of  a 
very  large  amphora  ;  with  a  coin  of  Tra. 
Jan.  Numerous  fragments  of  pottery  and 
glass  were  found  in  different  parts  of  th« 
hill. 

Charles  Roach  Smith,  esq,  P. 8. A.  ex- 
hibited  a  circular  leaden  5bula.  purchased 
in  London  by  Mr.  B.  Nightingale,  and 
resembling  at  first  sight  the  Roman  me- 
dallions whii:h  occaiionally  are  found 
mounted  in  gold  borders.  It  measures  in 
diameter  two  inches  i  a  bust,  with  a 
rudely  shaped  and  crested  helmet  appeara 
on  the  obverse,  and  the  remains  of  fasten- 
ings on  the  inner  side  show  that  it  was 
destined  to  be  used  as  a  brooch*  Ad* 
joining  the  bust  are  seen  certain  letters, 
explained  by  Mr,  Smitli  as  indicatiog  the 
name  of  V'italiaaus,  the  Gothic  chieftaior 
who,  at  the  head  of  60,000  barbarians, 
WMged  war  during  six  jears  with  Anas* 
tasios. 

Sir  Gore  Ouseley,  Bart.  F.S.A.  commu- 
nicated, in  a  letter  to  the  President,  ob- 
scrvatioDS  on  the   identity   of  the   Fits* 
Robert,  one  of  the  Barons  who  compelled 
King  John  to  sign  Magna  Charts,  taf«» 
gesting  that,  according  to  the  practioc  of  ^ 
adopting  a  surname  formed  by  prefixing 
Fitx  to  the  Christian  name  ut  the  father, 
he  was  probably  the  John    Fitz  Robert^ 
son   of  Rftbrrt   Fttx-R{»ger,   whose  chief 
seat  was  at  Clavering.  in  Essex.     A  pedi- 
gree was  annexed   showing  the  desoent, 
drawn  from  the  Close  Rolls,  and  Oaker^a*  ^ 
History  of  Northamptonshire,  p^iri^U  of 
Aynboc. 

EvcUu  Philip  Shirley,  esq.  M.P.  com- 
municated, by  the  hands  of  Sir  Frederic 
MaUdrn,  P.S  A»  a  ebarter  of  the  XI lib 
century,  preserved  amongst  the  muni. '  { 
ments  of  the  Lechniere  &mily,  being  n. 
conHrmatioo  from  iUlph  de  Mortno  Marl 


520 


Antlquariatt  Researches. 


[May. 


af  •  gnnt  of  land  in  Wribbenliiill,  co. 
Worcester.  The  pecuUarities  combt  in 
ttt  being  sigoed  with  a  cross  by  each  of 
tbe  persons  who  make  and  confirm  tbe 
grant,  a  practice  of  rare  occurrence  ;  and 
In  the  mode  of  appending  the  seal,  by  a 
thin  label r  not  from  the  foot,  aa  usual, 
but  from  tbe  middle  of  it.  No  similar 
ioatance  of  tbia  mode  of  attacbing  the  seal 
baa  hitberto  been  noticed  in  England  ;  en 
inatance  in  some  degree  similar  occura  In 
the  collection  of  charters  at  the  Hotel  de 
Soubise,  Faria. 

Jobn  Bidwell,  esq.  F,S.A.  exhibited  a 
curtoua  aignet  ring  of  fine  gold,  found  at 
Tbetford,  in  Suffolk,  in  1823,  accom- 
panied by  some  ob^iervations  in  a  Ittter 
from  Albert  Way»  esq.  Direct or«  The 
ring  bears,  as  the  cbief  device,  an  eagle 
diaplayed ;  on  the  i.nner  side  is  engraved 
a  bird,  witb  Ibe  wings  closed,  and  in- 
tended, aa  ^Ir.  HudsuD  Gtimey  supposed , 
to  represent  a  raven ;  a  conjecture  which, 
with  varioos  otber  conaidemtions,  led  him 
to  appropriate  tbe  ring  to  Sir  Rbys  ap 
Tbomaa,  tbe  adherent  of  Henry  VI L 
Tbia  device  may,  bo  were  r,  represent  a 
falcon  ;  &  ducal  crown  is  placed  over  tbe 
bead  of  tbe  bird,  and,  from  the  design  of 
thii  ornament,  and  general  faabion  of  tbe 
ring,  Mr.  Way  ia  disposed  to  coualder  it 
a  relic  of  the  earlier  part  of  the  XlVth 
century.  It  ia  very  similar  to  inscribed 
signet  rings  discovered  on  the  field  of 
Creasyt  No  satisfactory  appropriation  of 
these  deviccst  wbicb  appear  to  be  heraldic, 
baa  been  bitberto  proposed.  Tbe  ring 
was  evidently  a  love-token,  as  appears  by 
tbe  legend  inscribed  botb  externally  and 
on  tbe  inner  side,  obub  mb  ouroyis   de 

VOVA  BRUIK  A  ORKC — COIt  MOUH  COUKR 

DESIRE,  God  work  for  me  to  make  my 
suit  welcome  to  you,  ai  my  heart  desires. 
Orrojf€  is  the  optative  eitbcr  of  otrer,  cor- 
rap  ted  from  operari,  or  ouprir/  aperirt; 
the  word  occurs  often  in  either  ^ense  in 
early  tales  of  romance.  The  verb  leriV, 
written  by  Joinville  #irre,  atgnifies  to 
follow,  as  in  Anglo-Norman  Merer  or 
ffVjfr,  to  sue ;  but  it  may  also  imply  to 
render  service.  This  interesting  ring 
weighs  5  dwts.  10  grs.  and  appears  to  have 
beea  partially  e  nam  died. 

Albert  Way,  eaq.  Director,  communi- 
cated a  letter  from  Cbarlea  Tucker,  esq. 
of  Harpford»  Devon,  descriptive  of  tbe 
curious  cathedral  of  Atbj,  department  of 
Tarn,  in  the  south  of  France,  according 
to   obsorrationa    made    during   a  recent 

iouruey*     Tbis  noble     *       i*    little 

Known,   it   lies   remote  v    gre^t 

routr.  ii^iruil  tijnt?  po«ts  u  ilouae  ; 

J I  wieh    br"?k  ;    the  first 

th  V  Bp*  Bernard ,  Angaaf 

1:>,  1  .'k;,  ,^ua  tbe  chnrcb  wm  cont^enM 


in  1480.  The  tower  at  tbe  west  cud  was 
elevated  by  Louis  d'Amboise,  in  1475,  to 
tbe  height  of  290  fei't,  and  its  construc- 
tion is  remarkable.  In  the  interior  oft 
cburcb  tbe  ekborate  screen  andencloi 

of  the  choir  are  richly  sculptured,  but  { 

most  striking  feature  of  interest  conslate 
in  tbe  profusion  of  paintings  in  freaco, 
which  decorate  the  walls  of  tbe  cathedral, 
and,  by  tbeirfrcsbneas  of  colouring,  alford 
a  striking  proof  of  the  durability  of  that 
liuJ  of  decoration.  The  earliest  are  of 
the  XlVib  century.  The  stone-work  of 
the  choir,  constructed  under  Cardinal 
Louis  d'Ambroise^  by  a  company  of  itiae. 
rant  masons  from  Strasburgf  is  moat  eU< 
borate,  and  enriched  with  a  profusion  of 
statues  and  delicate  tabernacle  work.  Tbia 
cathedral  was  condemned  by  tbe  Direc- 
tory, and  preserved  by  stratagem,  being 
one  of  the  few  existing  mon amenta  of 
architecture  which  escaped  with  compara* 
tivcly  little  injury,  although  the  painted 
glaas,  the  numerous  and  splendid  sepul- 
chral brasses,  the  rich  screens  of  iron- 
work, and  other  decorationa  were  de- 
stroyed. 

Edward  Blare,  esq.  F.S.A.,  exhibited 
two  sketches  representing  tbe  Ancient 
Refectory  of  Great  Malvern  Priory,  now 
wholly  demolished.  These  sketches  were 
made  in  1837.  The  exterior  bod  been  mudi 
dlaguised  by  recent  repairs,  and  the  build- 
ing, on  account  of  its  unattractive  rx~ 
terual  aspect,  had  been  little  noticed  ;  it 
bad  the  ordinary  appearance  of  a  bani« 
and  was  usually  dUed  with  tbe  produce  of 
tbe  farm  to  which  it  was  attached.  The 
chief  feature  of  interest  waa  tbe  beautiful 
roof,  as  shown  in  the  interior  Tiew,  which 
formed  a  very  interesting  illustration  of 
the  domestic  architecture  of  tbe  XlVtIi 
century.  Two  years  subseijuently  thm 
whole  building  was  wantonly  destroyed, 
merely  to  make  way  for  a  ponltry-yard 
and  some  out. buildings  ;  and  thc«e 
aketches  are  now,  perhaps,  the  only  uie- 
morials  of  its  curious  construction.  It 
consisted  of  a  bail^  with  tbe  usual  jiar- 
titioo,  and  two  doors  at  one  extremity, 
adjoining  tbe  butteries ;  the  general  clia« 
racter  of  tbe  constniction  and  orntmeniA 
showed  that  It  was  built  in  the  early  p«jt 
of  the  reign  of  Edward  111.  It  was  cun, 
structed  entirely  of  timber,  which  a  p. 
peared  in  a  very  aound  state;  the  lt«U 
was  divided  into  four  bays,  by  three  prin. 
cipab,  with  intermediate  subordinate  pritt. 
cipals  to  give  support  to  tbe  purlins.  Ia 
each  bay,  except  in  that  wliii  '  I'-rned 
a  plain  door  of  entrance,  wi  r  of 

square  headed     traceried     ^^  ihm 

pattern  of  tlie  tracery  Icing  vnned,  aa 
nsnai  in  works  of  that  neriod.  Tlie  lot* 
of  l]ii«  infcrcst&if  T*"Hiffl  by  ne 


1644*]  Antiquarian  Researches,  iSl 

demolitiaD,     in    winton    disregard    and         A  letter  from  the  Rev*  John  L.  Petit, 

ignorance  i>f  itt  valiiet  is  aaother  oTidcnoe  ^n  some  peculiarities  of  Church  Arcbitoo- 

of  the  urgent  neeetiity  of  prompt  &Qd  ture  io  Wilts b ire  and  Gloucestershire, 
judicloufi   measures   to  secure  as  far  as         Mr.  W.  H.  Rolfoi  of  Sandwich,  for* 

potaible  the  existence  of  anctent  remnins  i  warded  for  inspection  some  minute  pieces 

ftnd  the  t'KprtioriH  of  inteUigeDtauti^uaries  of  worked  gold«  found  on  the  sea  shore, 

•bould  be  zealouily  dirccteil  to   the  dif-  under  the  cliff  opposite  the  Inlirmary  at 

fusion  of  t  more  intelligent  taste  for  inch  Margate.     The   fragments   appear   to   bo 

ohjeets,  as  the  best  meani  of  aecuring  their  portions  of  coins  and  ornaments*     One  it 

preaer?ation,  whilst  they  keep  a  ¥igilant  evidently  part  of  a  half-noble  of  one  of  th« 

eye  upon  any  act  which  may  threaten  their  Edwards  or  Henrys,  another  resembleg. 

existence.  the  loops  attached  to  Roman  and  early  ' 

April 'id.  Thifl  being  St.  George's  Day,  French   gold   coins   for  the   purpose    of 

the  annual  elections  took  place.     The  of-  wearing     them    as    deeoratioas    of    the 

ftoers  were  all  re  chosen ,  with  the  follow-  person. 

log   Council.     [The    names   of  the   new  Mr.    C«    Roach    Smith    informed    thtt 

Conncillors  are  printed  in  Italics  ]  Committee   that   Mr.  Joseph    Clarkeii  of 

George  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  K.T.,  F«R.S.  Saffron    WaldeOf     had     recently    risited 

President;  Thomas  Amynt,  esq.   F.R.S.  Wootton   in  Northamptonshire,   for  the 

Treasurer?     CMurUt    F.   Bm-ntt^eit,   ftq.  p  urpoae  of  obtaiQing  authentic  information. 

M.ji*    FR.Sni    Btriak    Bo(/iddt     etq.  respecting  a  discovery  of  coins,  reported  ' 

F.R*S. :  Richard  Lord  Braybrooke  t  Wii-  to  hara  been  made  at  that  Tillage  about  a 

Uam  Bromett  M,D,s  Ntcholas   Carlisle,  year  liacc,     Mr.   darkens   visit    proved 

esq.  K.H.  P. R.$.  Secretary;  i^ordjIMerl  fucceasful,    and    although   many  of    tbi 

ConynyAaiTi;  Sir  Henry  Ellis,  K.H.  F*R« 8,  coins  had  been  diipersed  since  the  dis» 

Secretary  ;  Sir  Stephen  R.  Gtynntt  Bart, ;  covery  took  place^  he  succeeded  tn  ohtaiii*  , 

HodsoQ    Oumey,    enq.     F^R.S.    V,*P. ;  ing  the  remainder  (615)  for  exuninattoti.  . 

Henry  Hallamf  esq.  MA.  F.R.S.  Y.-P*;  They    were    depoiited    in    an    urn;    the 

William  Richard   Hamilton,  esq.  F,R.S.  mouth  protruded  from  the  side  of  a  bank 

V..p.  ;    Rev.    S.    R.    Maitland»    M^A.  in  which  it  had  been  buried,  and  had  been. 

F.R.S. ;  Thomat   W,  King^  enq, ;   Philip  noticed  for  years  by  labourers  ia  going  t<» 

Viscount  Mahon,  V,-P. ;   Thoma*  Jmcph  and  from  their  work.     The  coins r  ftU  of 

PHtiffrfw,  esq,  i  Charlu  Roach  Smithy  smiU  bfitif  tre  at  follows  s— 
etq*  ;    Capt*    Wm.     H.     Sraythe,    R.N. 

F.R.S*  I  Thomas  Stepleton,  esq.  \  Albert  Rcrersei*        Totjl. 

Way »  e«|.  M. A.  Director.  Gellienas    ,,,   2$  ,,,,,.     66 

A  party  of  the  Society,  nearly  forty  ia         Salonma 8 If 

number,  afterwards  dined  at  the   Free-  Posttimus   *    16  ..••*•     ti 

masons*  Tavern,  Lord  Viscount  Mahon »         Victonnu It %l% 

V. P.  in  the  chair.  Marina    % •       9 

Tetricus  Pater   ...•     9 117 

iintriSH  AftCB.soLooioAL ASSOCIATION.         Tctricos  Piliiis  ,...     5  «*.,••     46 

The  Centrml  Committee  of  this  Associa-         Clattdiua  11 U 63 

tioD    have    issued    their   first   Quarterly         QuintiUus 4 6 

Journal,  from  which  we  learn  the  follow*         Aurelianus  .,.*..**   10 U 

iag  particulars  of  the  principal  ma  I  ten  of         Tacitue 9 *      1  ^ 

aatiquarian  interest,  which  have  hitherto  Probia , » .    lb  , . . , . .      « 

been  laid  before  it :—  Nrnmenwrns I   . ,  • .. .        I 

A  letter  from  the  Rev.  W.  L.  Girnrdot,  -^— 

omtenf  GodshilU  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  0|S 

MUKOtiag  some  paintings  recently  found 

on  the  woUj  of  the  church  of  GodshilL  Among  tbeee  coins  net  a  tingle  new  ?«»  ^ 

The  subject  is  that  of  the  Saviour  on  the  riety  occurs,  end  but  very  f*w  rare  re-  i 

which,  Mr.  Girardot  imaginci,   is  verse*.     They   aflford,   however,   another  ^ 

placed  against  a  shrub  or  tree.  example  to  those  noted  in  manf  similar 

A  letter  from  the  Rev.  W.  Dyke,  curate  discoveries,   of  the  usual   occurrence   of  I 

of  Cradley,  Herefordshire,  concerning  the  this  and   other   series  of  coins  itt  eo«i*  i 

site  of  St.  Michaers  chapel,  Great  M»l-  formity  with  their  accepted   degrees  off  J 

vem*    Some  small  remftios  of  ttiis  ehapeU  rarity.  * 

which  was  prohsbly  the  oratory  of  St.         A  note  from  the  Ven.  Archdeacon  Hiil»  I 

Wcnttm,  who  fin^i  made  the  settlement  giving  an  eeeo«ai  of  tAte  diseoeery  at  Bon^ 

M  liM  Malvern  Hills*  adjoiniDg  the  po»  ebnreb,  Ule  otWU^  off  eov^  urns  eon* 

■iliOBenbeeqncntly  occupied  by  the  priory,  talning  bnml  bones  end  nihes,    Th^n 

•tia  exist  within  a  walled  gtrdea  ia  the  remains  were  found  by  the  Rev.  Jsbmi/ 

nraer  pert  of  the  riUoge.  White,  duiiag  excereiiaae  for  buildini  Aid 
^KjrtvMAo,TaOULL  ^^ 


»S2 


AHtiquMtian  Raearchet. 


CMty, 


oottige,  at  a  distance  of  about  600  yards 
from  the  sea. 

Mr.  Thomas  Charles,  of  MaidsUme, 
€ommiiiiicated  a  notice  of  researches  now 
wider  prosecQtion  by  himself  and  Mr.  C. 
T.  Smythe,  which  he  hopes  will  be  of 
interest  to  the  antiqaary,  as  they  may 
fiimish  particulars  respectioK  ^®  ^' 
eoTcry  of  a  Roman  building  on  the  banks 
of  the  Medway,  close  to  Maidstone.  The 
•zoaTations,  as  far  as  they  have  yet  pro- 
eeeded,  have  disclosed  walls,  pa¥ements 
•f  a  coarse  kind,  fresco  paintings,  &c 

Mr.  Fitch,  of  Ipswich,  forwarded  for 
exhibition  an  aureus  of  Vespasian,  found 
at  Helmingham,  county  of  Suffolk.  The 
lererse  exhibits  the  Emperor,  crowned  by 
Victory ;  in  the  exergue,  COS*  VIII. 

Mr.  C.  R.  Smith  exhibited  drawings, 
•xecuted  by  Mr.  Kennett  Martin,  of 
Ramsgate,  showing  the  positions  of  two 
human  skeletons,  and  also  of  some  urns, 
which,  a  few  years  since,  were  disoorered 
during  the  excavations  for  the  foundations 
of  a  house  on  the  Western  Cliff,  near 
Ramsgate.  The  skeletons  were  deposited 
in  a  horisontal  position,  at  a  considerable 
distance  from  each  other,  in  a  basin>shaped 
grave,  dug  out  of  the  solid  chalk,  and 
filled  in  with  chalk  rubble.    This  grave 

Sipears  to  have  been  of  more  extensive 
mensions  than  would  have  been  abso- 
lutely necessary  for  two  corpses.  In  a 
recent  discovery  of  skeletons  at  Stowting, 
in  the  same  county,  it  was  noticed  that  in 
a  grave  scooped  out  of  the  chalk  soil, 
which  was  capacious  enough  for  seven  or 
eight  bodies,  only  one  skeleton  was  dis- 
covered. The  urns  were  found  arranged 
in  groups  on  either  side  of,  and  a  few  feet 
from,  the  grave.  Some  of  them  contained 
burnt  bones,  and  with  them  was  found  a 
bronse  fibula  and  a  patera  of  the  well- 
known  red  Roman  pottenr,  with  the  ivy. 
leaf  pattern  on  the  rim.  These  sepulchral 
interments,  although  so  contiguous  to 
each  other,  would  appear  to  belong  to 
different  times.  The  urns  are  unquestion- 
ably Roman,  and  their  contents  warrant 
their  being  referred  to  the  Romano*  British 
epoch,  but  the  skeletons  would  appear  to 
indicate  a  burial  of  a  later  period. 

Mr.  Martin  also  contributed  a  sketch  of 
the  excavations  which  uncovered  part  of 
the  remains  of  the  ancient  pier  of  Rams- 

Site,  with  the  depth  in  feet,  the  nature  of 
e  soil,  the  specimens  of  coins,  and  oUier 
oljecta  found.  At  the  depth  of  from  seven 
to  eight  feet,  coins  of  the  Henrys  and 
Edwards  were  met  with;  three  or  four 
feet  lower,  large  flints  and  bricks  (pre- 
sumed to  be  Roman) ;  at  the  depth  of 
fit)m  sixteen  to  twenty  feet,  piles  of  wood 
•nnk  in  the  solid  chalk  were  discovered, 
and  among  them  Roman  coins,  in  imall 
brass,  of  the  Conitantiiie  fkmily. 


Mr.  C.  R.  Smith  informed  the  Com- 
mittee that  inconsequence  of  a  communica- 
tion from  Mr.  W.  Bland,  of  Hartlip.  in 
Kent,  he  (Mr.  S.)  had  visited  the  village 
of  Stowting,  in  the  same  county,  and  in- 
spected some  ancient  remains  recently 
discovered  in  cutting  a  new  road  vip  tl^^ 
bill  leading  towards  the  common.  They 
consist  of  long  swords,  spears,  and  javelin- 
heads,  knives,  and  bosses  of  shields,  of 
iron ;  circular  gilt  brooches,  set  with 
coloured  glass  and  vitrified  pastes ;  buckles 
of  bronze,  silvered  ;  beads  of  glass,  amber, 
and  coloured  clay ;  a  thin  copper  basin, 
and  three  coins,  of  Pius,  Plautilla,  and 
Valens.  These  objects  were  found  de- 
posited by  the  sides  of  about  thirty  ske- 
letons, at  from  two  to  four  feet  deep,  in 
the  chalk  of  which  the  hill  is  composed. 
The  graves  in  which  the  skeletons  were 
found  were  filled  in  with  mould.  One  of 
the  bosses,  like  a  specimen  noticed  in 
Douglas's  Nenia  Britannica,  is  ornamented 
on  the  top  with  a  thin  plate  of  silver,  and 
the  tops  of  the  nails  or  rivets,  which 
fastened  the  boss  to  the  shield,  are  also 
silvered.  Since  Mr.  Smith's  visit,  an  urn 
has  been  found  and  some  other  objects, 
of  the  whole  of  which  careful  drawings 
will  be  made  by  the  Rev.  Frederick  Wrench, 
who  has  promised  to  forward  them,  as 
soon  as  the  excavations  are  completed, 
for  the  inspection  of  the  Committee. 

The  villsge  of  Stowting  is  situated  in  a 
secluded  nook  in  the  chalk  hills  called  the 
Back-  Bone  of  Kent,  about  two  miles  from 
Lyminge,  and  seven  from  Folkstone. 
In  a  field  below  the  bill  where  the  an- 
tiquities before  mentioned  were  discovered, 
two  skeletons  were  dug  up,  many  years 
since,  together  with  iron  weapons ;  and 
in  a  field  called  Ten-acre  Field  some 
hundreds  of  large  brass  Roman  coins  were 
ploughed  up.  Five  of  these,  now  in  the 
possession  of  Mr.  Andrews,  the  proprietor 
of  the  field,  are  of  Hadrianus,  Aurelius, 
Faustina  Junior,  Commodus,  and  Sevems. 
Coins  are  often  found  in  the  adjacent 
fields,  and  in  the  village.  Two  small  brass 
coins  of  Carausius  and  Licinius,  picked 
up  in  a  locality  termed  the  Market-place, 
are  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  F. 
Wrench.  On  the  hills  are  barrows,  some 
of  which  seem  to  have  been  partially  ex- 
cavated. 

Mr.  John  6.  Waller  made  three  com- 
munications. The  first  related  to  the  . 
state  of  the  monument  of  Brian  Rocliff, 
in  Cowthorpe  church,  twelve  miles  distant 
firom  York,  which  records  the  founder  and 
builder  of  the  chwrch,  fimdaiar  §t  em^ 
9truetor  hujvt  eeeletuB  toehu  aperii  M$qu9 
ad  eanntmmaeionem.  He  is  represented 
with  his  lady  holding  a  model  of  the  6taath 
between  them;  over  their  headi  an: 
canoplei  and  henddie  deoontlm '  ^ 


Aniiquurian  Researches* 


founil  this  iQterestin^  memorial  in  a  most 
disgraceful  state  of  oeglect  \  the  canopies 
much  mutilated,  rnaDf  fragments  wiith 
Cftcocbcorts  of  arms,  and  the  whole  af  the 
iuscnption,  in  the  paiisb  chest,  liable  to 
co&Btant  spoliation  :  added  to  this,  a  large 
stone  was  placed  upon  the  figures.  Surely 
a  monument  like  this^  a  record  of  a  bene- 
factioD  and  an  event  (for  go  we  may  call 
the  erection  of  the  churcb),  desenres  to 
be  rescued  from  a  lot  but  too  common  to 
fuch  remains.  The  hbtory  of  Briiu  Ro> 
cliff  ia  found  in  the  ¥ery  interesting  volume 
published  by  the  Camden  Society^  The 
Plumpton  Corre*pondence,*^ 

The  second  communication  of  Mr. 
Waller  was  a  notice  respecting  some  cf* 
figics  of  woodr  at  Little  Horke»ley,  in 
Essex,  whicb  when  Mr.  Waller  visited  the 
church  about  six  years  ago  were  placed 
near  the  porch.  Tbey  represent  two 
kuightd  and  a  lady,  apparently  of  the  early 
part  oi  the  fourteenth  century.  Mr. 
Waller  states  that  he  was  informed  they 
had  been  recently  displaced  from  their 
proper  position  io  the  churchy  and  were 
then,  with  uuhecomiug  neglect,  put  out 
of  sight  in  a  corner  near  the  porch. 

The  third  comtnunication  described  not 
the  destruction  of  a  monument  only,  but 
that  of  a  church  and  its  monumiftiU,  Mr. 
Waller  states^  "  About  five  years  ago  I 
visited  the  ruins  of  Quarendon  chupeU  in 
the  immediate  neighbourhood  of  Ayles- 
bury, county  of  Bucks  :  I  found  the  walls 
in  good  condition  as  far  as  regards  stabi- 
lity, and  only  snffering  from  neglect  and 
wanton  injury.  The  interior  presented  all 
the  pilbrs  and  arches  supporting  them  in 
good  condition,  save  the  injury  caused  by 
the  visitors  cutting  their  names  thereon, 
and  every  thing  shewing  how  little  share 
time  had  had  in  the  work  of  demolition/* 
This  matter  has,  however,  been  long  since 
made  known  j  see  the  Geotlemau's  Ma- 
gazine for  Dec.  !817,  where  exterior  and 
interior  views  of  the  cbapel  were  given. 

Mr.  Way  reported  that  the  moaumeotal 
brass  of  Sir  Johu  Felhrigg,  the  founder  of 
Playford  churchy  Suffolk,  had  been  torn 
up,  and,  at  the  time  when  he  visited  the 
church,  not  many  years  since,  was  in  the 
church  chest.  By  a  tubaequent  commu- 
nication from  Mr.  D.  £.  Davy,  of  Ufford, 
it  appears  that  this  interesting  memorial 
has  been  affixed  to  a  st«>ne  \a  the  chancel* 
but  many  portions  are  now  defective, 

Dt*  J.  Jacp^v  ^^*'  *''*-idgc,  annoM"-- » 
that  hepropor  ha  nc 

of  the  MoDUnt '  es  of  En 

Mr*  WiUiam  fciidi 
caatle,  communicate 
that  the  corpora tion 
to   demolish    tin    uu 
ecckfiosUcal    archJt 


church  of  the  Hotpltal  of  the  Blessed 
Virgin*  on  the  wreck  of  which  o  grammar 
school  was  founded  by  Queeo  Elizabeth. 
Mr.  Gibson  promises  a  detailed  descrip- 
tion of  this  curious  stmirture,  the  preser- 
vation of  which  for  the  purposes  of  public 
worship  in  a  populous  city*  where  in- 
creased church  accommodation  must  b« 
bighty  desirable,  could  not  fail,  at  a  pe. 
riod  when  mueli  attention  has  been  given 
in  Newcastle  to  architectural  decoration, 
to  bene^t  and  gratify  Che  public.  It  also 
appears  that  this  venerable  monument  in- 
terferes with  no  local  convenience,  and 
that  persons  who  take  an  interest  in  its 
preservation  would  gladly  contribute. 

The  Archieologicsil  Journal,  in  addition 
to  the  preceding  Report,  contains  brief 
articles  on  Numismatics,  by  Mr.  C,  R. 
Smith  ;  on  Painted  Glass,  by  C.  Winston, 
esq. ;  on  Anglo-Saxon  Architecture,  with 
numerous  wood-cuts,  by  T.  Wright,  esq. ; 
on  Bell  Turrets,  with  engravings,  hy  the 
RevJX. Petit,  on theMedievalAntiquitica 
of  AnKlcsey*  by  the  Rev.  H,  L.  Jones ;  on 
the  Horn  shaped  head- dress  in  the  reign 
of  Cdward  L  by  T.  Wright,  esq. ;  on  the 
Cross- 1  egged  Effigies  commonly  attributed 
to  Templors,  by  Watson  S.  Walford,  esq, ; 
a  Catalogue  of  the  Emblems  of  Saints,  by 
the  Rev.  C.  Hart ;  Early  Englith  Receipts 
for  Painting,  Gilding,  &c.  communicated 
by  Mr.  Wright;  a  Rcview,with  wood-cuts, 
of  M.  Didron'a  konographie  Chrtticone, 
&c. 

The  members  of  the  Association  now 
amount  to  about  660,  including  ten  Bishops 
and  ten  Deans.  We  are  enabled  to 
announce  that  the  General  Meeting  ia 
definitively  iixed  to  take  place  at  Caoter- 
bitry  (with  the  sanction  of  the  Dean  and 
Chapter)  about  the  middle  of  July,  and 
that  it  is  proposed  to  proceed  at  that  time 
with  the  excavattoni  commenced  last  year, 
by  private  parties,  ftt  the  Roman  town,  or 
fortress,  of  Rich  borough. 

CAMBRIDGE   ANTlttUABIAN   SOCIBTY. 

At  the  Terminal  meeting  of  this  M^detf, 
held  March  20, 

Mr,  NichoUa,  of  Trinity  college,  read 
an  elaborate  paper  on  the  Ancient  Military 
Works  of  Cambridge,  tracing  their  history 
from  the  time  of  the  Romana  downwards. 
He  illustrated  the  subject  by  plana  of  the 
castle  and  fortifications. 

Mr.  Woodham  exhibited  to  the  society 
^r.  ir..Mr- --.-"  -*    'n  ancient  seal  found  at 
u  the  site  of  a  rained 
St,  RhadtTla, 

.    ■     ..f 

•  iiistr-f  i*t'rc 
itrable  ia 
'f  college. 


I 


524 


pUt«,  wHcli  tlie  lociety  bai  decided  apon 
pttbUibing, 

Profeisor  Come  gare  a  ibort  account 
of  lh«  eelebnted  relic  called  the  **  Blood 
of  Hayles,"  and  prcserT^d  in  the  tnotiMtery 
of  that  name  in  Gloaceffterfthire.  He 
proTedi  bj  reference  to  Holin»hed,  and 
alio  to  the  original  report  of  Latimer,  and 
the  other  Tieitori  of  the  monaftterj,  that 
the  common  story  of  ilB  being  the  blood 
of  a  duck,  renewed  CTcry  week,  was  in* 
correct. 

Professor  WilHt  then  laid  upon  tbe 
table  a  copy  of  hii  paper  on  the  Archi- 
tectural Nomenclature  of  the  Middle  Agei^ 
forming  Part  IX.  of  tbe  society^t  pabtiea- 
tionB« 


Antiquarian  Researchet. 


[May, 


KUmtMATIC    flOCIETY. 

April  2h,     Dr.  Lee  in  the  chair. 

Samnel  Sandilanda  Rogers,  esq.  and 
PcUr  Hardf,  euq,  F.R.S.  were  elected 
Mecabers. 

Mr,  C*  Roacb  Smith,  Hon.  Sec.  brought 
before  the  Society  tcTcral  rare  and  nn- 
editedcolns,  among  which  were,  1.  A  brats 
eoin  of  CanolelinnSi  obr.  Tictory  standing 
to  the  left  cv.  rer.  an  eagle.  In  the 
collection  of  W.  Bateman,  esq.  2*  A 
silrer  coin  the  size  of^  and  found  with 
some  iceattaa  hi  Kent,  obT.  male  an* 
bearded  heid  to  the  left,  rev.  a  winged 
figtire,  in  the  field  i.  p.  Tbit  piece  re- 
sembles the  Briliih  or  Gaulish  coins,  and 
is  particularly  remarkable  m  being  found 
with  Saxon  sceattas  with  which  it  accords 
In  weight.  It  ii  in  tbe  cabinet  of  W.  IL 
Rolfe,  esq.  3«  A  gold  coin  moiinled  with 
a  loop,  obv*  KTPAmoTS  cps.  diademed 
bead,  and  robed  btist  to  the  right,  rer.  a 
double  CTOBS,  on  either  tide  nipt  v.  Mr. 
Smith  remarked  that  this  coin  ii  altogether 
of  a  novel  deicription,  and  he  attributes 
it  to  Enpardui,  i  Bifhop  of  Autun,  who 
Ufed  about  the  beginning  of  the  sixth 
century,  but  of  whom  history  ^ves  little 
or  nothing  beyond  the  name.  This  unique 
cob  is  also  in  the  collection  of  Mr,  Rolfc* 
and  was  found  at  Canterbury. 

J.  N.  Hufhei,  e«q.  forwarded  for  ez- 
blbition  lume  small  brass  Roman  coins 
found  in  excaTtting  the  foundation  of  an 
Ancient  bnildiog  at  Michel derer  on  the 
ettate  of  Sir  ThomAs  Baring. 

Tbe  Rev.  Henry  Jenkins  exhibited  a 
fold  Britiih  coin  fbond  at  Mark's  Tey,  in 

Retd,  1 .  A  note  from  the  Rer.  T.  P. 
Dfmoek,  on  an  anpublished  coin  of  Mar- 
dyettBnte. 

9.  A  paper  by  Samtii'l  Birch »  t§q.  on 
the  coins  of  Conobeline,  r«ading  tasc,  or 

TASCfA,      or     TASClOTANl't*         PoT    tWO 

centuries  these  coins  bate  exercised  the 
odtleitm    of  attmismttiitt  witlumt  vny 


satisfactory  interpretation  being  giren. 
Mr.  Birch  grounding  his  argument  apon 
comparison  with  contemporaneous  colnt 
of  Angustui  reading  CAESAB'Divfr*,  ex- 
plains tbe  British  cnroBCLitrvs'iiMX* 
TAfiCioyANi*Pi7tii#,  Cunfyhetin  Kinff^  torn 
qf  7\ucioean*  There  is  no  clatiinl  an- 
thority  for  the  name  Tasciovanus,  but 
there  fiecma  iome  analogy  between  it  and 
that  of  TasgetQS  and  Taxlmagnlni.  the 
King  of  Kent,  who  attacked  Cksv  ;  white 
Geoifry  of  Monmouth  and  others  who 
trace  the  ffncoeasion  from  Brute  call  the 
predecesior  of  Cunobeline,  TennantittSf 
ThemaotiuB,  and  various  other  nameif  a 
slight  alteration  in  the  orthography  of 
which  would  reduce  this  word  Co  Tasdo* 
▼anus. 

Casts  from  several  coins  in  the  Brittth 
Museum  were  exhihited  by  Mr.  Birch  In 
illustration  of  bis  paper, 

3.  A  paper  by  Charles  Johnson »  esq*  ofi 
the  salt  money  of  Abyssinia  called  '*  ib> 
mulah." 

These  "  ahmulahs  "  vary  in  sixe»  but 
are  usually  about  eight  inches  long,  ttid 
narrower  at  the  extremities  than  in  the 
middle.  From  the  deliquescent  nature  of 
the  material  great  differences  exist  between 
a  new  specimen  and  one  that  has  been  in 
exchange  for  only  a  few  months,  especially 
In  the  rainy  season,  when  they  lose  tbdr 
character  as  currency  and  become  articles 
of  exchange  alone.  As  money,  new  salt* 
pieces  are  received  tn  Shoa  during  tli«  dry 
moothi  at  the  rate  of  twenty  for  tint 
favourite  Austrian  dollar  of  the  eoinag* 
of  KBb^p  bearing  on  the  obverse  the  bead 
of  tbe  Empress  Maria  Theresa.  It  ii 
essentiid  that  the  diadem,  shoulder  knot* 
and  the  tetters  S'P*  under  all,  should  be 
distinctly  visible,  as  any  other  dollar  will 
bring  only  sixteen  or  eighteen  abmulahs. 

4.  A  paper  by  Thomas  Burgon,  esq.  on 
Three  Denominations  of  Greek  Money  and 
their  application  to  the  discovery  of  th« 
Tyrian  and  Aegypdan  (or  Ptoleiiial«) 
Drachma  and  Talents. 


■.OMAK  AXTIQtirTISS  }«KA»  CAtiafttDO^. 

Mr.  Deck  of  Cambridge  has  colleotsd 
an  abnndauce  of  Roman  remains,  soma 
obtained  fttim  the  site  of  the  old  castls 
recently  levelled  to  make  way  for  im- 
provements  in  that  part  of  tbe  town« 
others  derived  from  excavations  in  JeiUi 
and  Emmanuel  lanes  ;  and  no  small  quatt* 
tity  obtained  from  Comberton^  Tnmi* 
pington,  and  the  Bartlow  Hills.  Tha« 
consisted  of  Roman  bricks,  cinerary  nrm, 
and  other  pottery  ware  of  divers  quality 
and  for  vanoua  purposes,  several  curiovl 
articles  in  bronxie  and  other  metals,  gj'*** 
coins  of  Vespasian  and  Antoninus  PioSp 
IMrttoni  of  tbe  human  tkdetooi 


1644.] 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


525 


pftiiitings,  he,  &e.  Mr,  Deck  is  en- 
abled, from  hti  practical  knowledge  as  a 
chemittr  to  account  for  the  remarkable 
cbanges  which  aonie  of  tbe  epeoimeiii  have 
undergone  hj  the  action  of  the  aifi  dunpr 
and  other  cauaei. 


^ 


THC    PORCBLAIK   TOWKR    AT    NAtVKlKO. 

A  BrttUh  officer  obtained  some  parti cu> 
Ian  and  a  printed  paper  from  a  person  in 
charge  of  the  above  edifice »  of  which  the 
following  is  a  tranalatioo.  It  exhibita  in 
a  atriking  manner  the  gross  credulity  and 
rapentition  of  the  Chinese*  Subjoined  is 
■B  flilrtet  from  the  literal  translation  :— 

"  After  the  remoYal  of  the  imperial 
residence  from  Nanking  to  Pekio,  this 
temple  was  erected  by  the  bounty  of  the 
Bmperor  Yting^lo.  The  work  of  erection 
occupied  &  period  of  10  years.  The  build* 
in^  consists  of  nine  stories  of  variegated 
porcelain,  and  its  height  ii  about  3.50  feet, 
with  a  pineapple  of  gilt  copper  at  the 
summit.  Above  each  of  the  roofi  is  the 
head  of  a  dragon^  from  which i  supported 
by  iron  rods,  hang  eight  bells,  aad|  hetow^ 
at  right  angles,  are  80  bells,  making  in  all 
159;  On  the  outside  of  the  nine  atages 
there  are  1 3B  lamps ;  and  below,  in  the 
centre  of  the  octagonal  halL  twelve  por- 
eelaio  lampv.  Above  they  illuminate  the 
thirty-three  heave^is,  and  below  they  cn- 
Hghten  both  the  good  and  the  bad  among 
men.  On  the  top  arc  two  copper  boilers^ 
weighing  1 ,2CKJ  lbs.  and  a  dish  of  6(iQ  lbs. 
weight,  placed  therein  order  constantly  to 
avert  human  calamities. 

'*  This  pagoda  bai  been  the  glory  of  the 
ages  since  Yang-lo  rebuilt  and  beautified 
it :  and»  as  a  monument  of  imperial  grati. 
tude,  it  ii  called  the  *  Temple  of  Grati* 
tttde/  The  expense  of  its  erection  was 
2,485,494  Chinese  ounces  of  silver,  equi. 
valent  to  150,000/,  sterling. 

♦*  There  arc  in  thia  pagoda,  aa  a  charm 
against  malignant  inttuencesr  one  car* 
buncle  ;  as  a  preservative  from  water,  one 
pearl ;  from  fire,  one  pearl ;  from  wind, 
one  pearl;  from  duat,  one  pearl;  with 
several  Chinese  translations  of  Sanscrit 
books  relating  to  Buddha  and  Buddhism.'^ 

Lccompte,  in  his  Journey  through  China, 
says,  **  The  wall  at  the  bottom  it  at  least 
twelve  feet  thick.  The  staircase  is  narrow 
and  troublesome^  the  steps  being  very 
high ;  the  ceiling  of  each  room  is  beauti- 
fied with  paintings,  and  the  walli  of  the 
upper  rooms  have  saveral  niches  full  of 
carved  idola.  There  ore  levenl  priests  or 
bonsea  attached  to  tha  buildliiff,  to  keep  it 
in  order »  and  illiuBiD«te  it  on  festival  oc 
cations.  This  it  effected  by  roeani  of 
lanterns  made  of  thin  oyster  ihellj,  used 
by  the  Chinese  instead  of  glass.  These 
are  placed  at  each  of  the  eight  anf  lea*  on 


every  story,  and  the  effect  of  the  subdued 
light  on  the  highly  refiective  surfuee  of 
the  tower  is  very  striking  and  beautiful,*' 

POICANDER   Of    MA&V    aUEEK  OF  8COT8. 

Mr.  Jiimea  Murdoch}  grocer^  Airdrie» 
has  an  interealing  relic  of  Mary  Queen  of 
Scots,  of  the  authenticity  of  which  ther« 
can  he  no  reasonable  doubt.  It  is  u  small 
roQnd  box,  bearing  a  tolerably  close  re« 
semblance,  in  point  of  size  and  general 
appearance,  to  the  vlnegarettc  presently  in 
use  among  the  ladies,  and  may  have  beea 
used  for  the  same  purpose  by  the  anfor* 
tunate  Queen.  The  subatanoe  of  whicl^ 
it  is  composed  resembles  gold,  though  it 
ii  evidently  an  inferior  metal.  In  the  lid 
is  set  a  very  fine  specimen  of  the  tapi§ 
laju  ii^  of  a  beautiful  hi  ue  colour.  Th  is  bos 
was  presented  by  the  Queen  to  a  favour* 
ite  gardener,  named  M*Culloch,  in  the 
gardeni  attached  to  the  Royal  Palace  at 
Lithlingow  ;  and  has  ever  since  remained 
in  the  possession  of  his  deacendanUi 
handed  down  from  father  to  son,  and 
cherished  by  them  aa  a  precious  relic. 
One  of  these  descendants,  a  woman,  is  at 
present  residing  in  Linlithgow,  and  hM 
the  custody  of  the  keys  of  the  palaoe^t 
privilege  which,  it  appears,  she  enjoys  by 
a  sort  of  hereditary  right.  The  loat  de- 
acendant  of  the  family^  however,  into 
whoae  hands  the  box  came  was  Mr« 
M*Culloch,  present  Procurator  Fiscal  of 
Airdrie,  who  lately  presented  the  relic  to 
Mr. ^Murdoch  of  that  towo^a  gcntlemaa 
who  posaessea,  perhapi,  the  largest  private 
collection  of  antit^uitiea  in  the  wt-st  of  \ 
Scotland.  The  notion  iu  Mr.  M'Culloeh'i 
family  appears  to  be,  that  the  relio  wai  • 
presented  to  their  ancestor  aa  a  snuff-box*  ^ 
That  this  is  an  erroneous  snppoaitioBf  * 
however,  will  at  onoe  be  made  clear  bf  ' 
the  fact  that  tobacco  was  not  introdocea 
even  into  England  till  the  year  preceding 
Queen  Mary's  death* 

An  ancient  fresco  painting  has  been 
discovered  in  Rotkerham  church,  York* 
ahire.     Over  the  point  of  an  arch  is  a  half*  ] 
length  ligare  of  the  Saviour,  surrounded 
by  a  great  number  of  figures,  with  tlM~ 
hands  clasped  iu   a  devotional  attitude* 
From  this  description  we  think  the  subject  j 
is   most   probably    the    Last    Judgment, 
The  figures  were  about  four  feet  in  height 
and  each  is  distinctly  marked  by  a  broad  { 
black  outline. 

4ncieni  Coina.  -About  the  beginning 
of  the  present  year  the  son  of  a  poor  man, 
who  holds  a  tmall  poaseaaion  in  what  la 
called  the  forcit  or  common  of  0>irii#, 
about  three  miles  north  from  StooehaveBf  I 
in  digging  for  the  purpose  of  bUstiogf 


526 


Aniiquarim  RetearAet. 


tMaji 


came  upon  fome  ancient  coins  buried 
aboat  three  feet  deep  in  the  earth.  They 
had  the  appearance  of  having  been  con- 
tained in  some  earthen  vesseli  no  remains 
of  which,  however,  were  found.  Those 
in  the  centre  were  much  decayed,  those  on 
the  ontside  in  better  preservation ;  but  all 
were  covered  with  a  hard  coat  of  green 
rast.  They  proved  to  be  Roman  denarii 
(fUver),  containing  a  fioe  variety  of  those 
of  the  Emperor  Vespasian,  his  two  sons 
Titus  and  Domitian,  Nerva,  Trajan, 
Hadrian,  Antoninus  Pius,  Antoninus 
Pkilosophus,  Lucius  Verus,  colleague  of 
tlie  latter  ;  Commodus  son  of  Antoninus 
Philosophus  and  Septimus  Severus,  who 
died  at  York  ;  with  several  of  Roman 
ladies,  in  particular  Faustina,  daughter  of 
Antoninus  Pius,  and  wife  of  Antoninus 
Philosophus.  The  greatest  number  were 
of  Antonini,  no  two  of  them  having  the 
Mme  reverse.  At  the  time  they  had  been 
deposited  the  ground,  although  now  en- 
tirely denuded,  must  have  been  covered 
with  wood,  as  the  manv  roots  and  fallen 
tninks  of  oak  trees  abandantly  testify. 
Tlie  ancient  forest  or  common  of  Cowie  is 
aitoated  on  a  tail  of  the  Grampians,  which 
approach  the  coaat  here,  and  the  place 
wimrt  the  coins  were  found  is  about  a  mile 
tad  a  half  from  the  ancient  encampment 
of  Re  or  Righ  Dikes,  mentioned  by  Sir 
Walter  Scott  in  his  novel  of  the  Antiquary. 

At  Kingston,  near  Kegworth,  Leicester- 
shire, the  men  employed  by  Mr.  Strutt  in 
the  erection  of  his  new  mansion  have 
turned  up  a  quantity  of  funeral  urns, 
many  of  which  are  of  fine  workmanship. 
They  contain  calcined  bones  and  ashes, 
and  from  the  number  already  discovered 
(iqmards  of  fifty)  it  is  supposed  that  it 
waa  a  place  of  Roman  sepulture  for  a  con- 
iiderable  district  No  coins  have  been 
nmnd. 

A  few  days  ago  some  workmen  were 
employed  in  removing  some  gravel  from  a 

Cit  in  Bewdley-park^  adjoining  Ticken- 
ill  House,  when,  about  nine  inches  be- 
low the  surface,  they  discovered  a  pair  of 
eurions  bronze  stands  for  candles ;  they 
appear  to  be  composed  of  a  mixture  of 
copper  with  tin,  and  a  littie  greasy  wool 
was  found  in  one  of  the  sticks.  IHcken- 
hiU  House  was  the  residence  of  Prince 
Arthur,  son  of  Henry  the  Seventh.  They 
have  been  presented  to  the  Natural  His- 
tory Society's  Museum,  Worcester,  by 
Mr.  Bryan,  bookseller,  Bewdley. 

FRBNCH  ANTIQUARIAN  INTELLIOXNCB. 

The  Comit^  Historique  has  decided  on 
publishing  the  whole  or  part  of  the  original 
aooonnts  of  ezpenaes  incurrodby  tho  Car- 


dinal d*Ambolse,  minister  to  Louis  XII. » 
in  building  the  magnificent  Chateau  de 
Gaillon,  in  Normandy.  The  most  valu- 
able information  is  contained  in  these 
documents  concerning  the  pricea  of  all 
materials  for  building,  labour,  works  of 
art,  &c.  at  the  time  to  which  they  relate, 
and  also  concerning  the  names  of  several 
French  artists  and  architects. 

M.  Ardanc,  of  Limoges,  has  lately  pub- 
lished a  small  work  on  the  enamellers  of 
Limoges  and  their  works  during  the 
middle  ages.  It  contains,  among  other 
curious  matter,  the  copy  of  a  manuscript 
of  the  sixteenth  century  upon  the  maldng 
of  enamels,  with  various  receipts  for  the 
process. 

Another  curious  book  has  been  pub- 
lished, on  the  pilgrimage  of  the  Flagel- 
lants at  Strasburg  in  1349;  containing 
extracts  from  a  MS.  chronicle  of  1368, 
drawn  up  by  one  of  the  clergy  of  the 
cathedral. 

The  large  work  of  the  Rev.  MM. 
Martin  and  Cahier  upon  the  cathedral  of 
Bourgea  is  going  on  in  excellent  style. 
That  part  which  illustrates  the  stained 
glass  windows  is  peculiarly  good.  The 
atlas  of  plates  is  on  what  the  Frendi  pub- 
lishers  caU  **  Atiantic  foUo."  It  is  il- 
Ittstrated  by  examples  from  Salisbury  aad 
Cologne. 

In  order  to  atop  the  civil  and  eccle- 
siastical authorities  of  country  plaoea  in 
Fkunce  from  selling  objects  of  medissval 
art  contained  in  churches  to  dealsrs  in 
curiosities,  many  bishops  have  now  in- 
sisted on  each  beneficed  clergyman  mak- 
ing out  an  exact  inventory  of  all  oljgects 
whatsoever  in  his  church,  and  returning 
it  to  the  central  dioceaan  archives.  He 
it  thus  held  responsible  for  the  articles  in 
the  inventory,  and  no  sale  can  take  place 
without  the  bishop's  permission. 

The  French  Chambers  now  vote  600,000 
firancs  (S4,000/.)  per  annum  for  the  pre- 
servstion  of  national  historical  monuments, 
and  the  departments  give  900,000  francs 
(36,000/.)  per  annum  more  for  the  same 
purpose.  The  minister  of  public  worship 
has  1,600,000  fr.  (64,000/.)  per  annum 
for  the  repairs  of  cathedrak  alone,  and 
the  towns  in  which  they  are  situated  give 
1,000,000  fr.  (40,000/.)  per  annum  more. 

In  the  middle  of  an  extensive  forest 
near  St.  Saulge,  about  five  leagues  from 
Nerers,  have  been  found  the  rains  of  an 
entire  Gallo-Roman  town,  a  temple,  and 
other  baildings,  squares,  and  many  streets* 
Every  day,  vases  of  different  materials, 
statues,  and  other  relics  of  value,  are 
being  turned  up. 


527 

hTstorical  chronicle? 


FOREIG 

France. 
Her  Royal  Higbriesatbe  Princeis  Cle- 
mentine of  Orleun^,  Duchess  Au^tisttts 
of  Suxe-Coburg  Gotha,  was  on  Friday 
rnoioing  safely  delivered  of  a  prince,  who, 
by  command  of  the  King^  received  ibe 
Christian  names  of  Philippe  Feriiinand 
Marie  Aui^nistus  Raphuel.  by  nbich  he 
WBS  cbristened  by  the  Archbishop  of 
Pari ».— The  Minislciiat  project  of  law 
respecting  the  customs  has  been  issued. 
One  of  its  [jrincipal  provisions  i»  to  raise 
the  ciuty  upon  all  niaehioery  imported 
into  France  from  Foreign  coon  tries.  The 
present  duty  h  30  per  cent,  ad  rtihrem 
on  ftleam  engines,  and  15  per  cent,  upon 
other  machinery.  These  duties  arc  to 
be  greatly  increased. 

Peace  baf  been  restored  at  Madrid. 
Queen  Cbriatiiia  made  her  entry  into  tbe 
capital  in  the  evening  of  March  l'4,  amiddl 
the  acckmations  of  the  populace.  The 
first  interview  of  the  Qticen  vviib  her 
children  took  place  in  a  tent  pitched  on 
the  Tottd,  near  Aranjnez.  Her  Majesty 
then  received  the  English  and  French 
AmbiMAdoniy  nnd  the  Members  of  the 
Cabinet,  Senor  Munozf  who  still  re< 
matns  at  Pads,  has  been  raised  to  the 
peerage,  with  the  title  of  Duke  of  Hian- 
sares,  ani!  of  Grandee  of  Spain  of  tbe 
firsl  claAS.  This  is  preparatory  to  a  regu- 
lar marriage  with  Christina. 

Portugal, 

Affairs  &til|  remain  in  a  very  unsettted 

state.     A  petition  to  the  Queen  for  tbe 

removal  of  tbe  Cabral  Ministry^  has  been 

iigned  by  three  ex- Ministers.     The  Con- 


N    NEWS. 

stitution  ha«  been  suspended  till  the  23rd 
of  April. 

India. 
Peace  and  tranquillity,  according  totht 
lost  accounts^  prevailed  throughout  tbe 
whole  of  tbe  Britt^ib  pos^efisions  in  India, 
The  alfiiirs  of  Gwalior  bad  been  finally 
arranged  lo  the  satisfaction  of  tbe  Go- 
vernor-General,  tbe  young  Sovereign  bad. 
iwen  formerly  installed  on  tbe  90tb  Jan., 
in  presence  of  Lord  Ellenborougb,  tbe 
Commander- in* Chief,  and  all  tbe  milt> 
tary  and  civil  authorities.  On  tbe  28d 
tbe  army  of  Sindiab  was  reviewed  in 
presence  of  the  Mabafajab  ond  Chiefs, 
and  on  tbe  ^ame  day  it  was  dissolved,  by 

EroL'lartiation,  the  troops  composing  it 
aving  been  directed  to  proceed  lo  the 
seveml  destinations  assigned  to  thero. 
The  Mahratta  soldiery,  to  the  number  of 
20,000,  laid  down  their  arms,  and  ten- 
dered their  services  to  tbe  Sovereign  of 
Gwalior.  On  the  2ad  Lord  LllenlK>- 
rough  took  his  departure  for  Calcutta* 
accompanied  by  General  Grey  and  tbe 
left  wing  of  the  army.  The  Governor* 
General  has  issued  a  proclamation  an- 
nouncing that  an  augmentation  of  nearly 
]0«000  men  will  be  required,  ostensibly 
for  Sindc  and  Gwalior,  but  in  reality p  li 
is  believed,  to  w'atch  the  movements  in 
tbe  Funjaub. 

TuniCEY, 
Tbe  Turkiab  Qovemment  has  engaged 
to  abolish  tbe  punishment  of  death  ia 
caaea  wbere  Chriatians  abjure  Mabome- 
tanism.  In  order  to  arrange  this  necet- 
aary  act  of  clemencyf  several  of  the 
Turkish  Miniatrj*  have  found  it  necestary 
to  retire. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


r 


■         nilw»; 


jfyril  4.  A  little  before  midnight,  a  fire 
broke  out  at  the  Rose  and  Crown  wine- 
vaults,  occupied  by  Mr,  Williams,  No. 
S87,  Ox  ford -street,  which  was  in  a  very 
abort  fpace  of  time  wholly  destroyed,  and 
lix  persons  perished  in  the  flames^  viz,, 
Mrs.  Williams,  aged  30,  Eliia,  her  daugh- 
ter, aged4|  years,  William,  her  son.  aged 
eight  months,  Sarab  Hodgson  and  Char- 
lot  te,  the  cook  and  nursery* maid,  and 
Jacob  Pickering,  tbe  pot-boy,  Tbe  bax 
occupied  nearly  the  whole  of  tbe  ground 
floor  of  tbe  building,  and  a  number  of 
large  vats  extended  almost  to  tbe  second 
floor,  and  were  well  stocked  with  spirits. 

April  1 1 .  This  day,  as  about  200  men 
were  employed  in  constructing  an  iron 
roof  at  the  terminus  of  tbe  Dover  branch 
nilw»yi  it  wm  obfiervtd  by  e^ioe  of  th« 


men  to  swerve  slightly  to  and  fro,  and 
scarcely  bad  tbe  alarm  been  given  when 
tbe  whole  gave  way  with  a  tremendoua 
crash,  burying  those  who  bad  not  had 
time  to  make  tbeir  escape  from  beloiv 
in  the  ruins.  One  poor  fellow  (Edward 
May,  a  carpenter)  was  killed »  and  eight 
othcra  were  severely  injured. 

The  Tixalt  Batttte.  This  fine  property, 
consisting  of  Tixall  Uali  and  tbe  entire 
domain  of  Tixall,  nearly  4,000  acre*  of 
land,  situated  in  the  '*  garden  of  Staflbrd- 
shire,**  has  been  purchnscd  bv  Viscount  In- 
gestrej  M.P.,  from  Sir  Clifiord  Constable, 
Bart. ;  Sir  CliflTord  reserving  to  faimaelf 
Haywood  Abbey,  the  ancient  seat  of  the 
Aston  family.  The  Tixall  property  will 
fonn  a  splendid  addition  to  the  IngesttQ 
^tftte, 


528 


PROMOTIONS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


Oazettb  Fromotiokb. 

March  SS.  John  Junes  Robinnon,  eiq.  to  be 
one  of  Her  Ma|estr*t  Hon.  Corps  of  Oentle- 
m&a  at  Arms,  vie4  If.  C.  Walker. 

Mmrtk  t7.  John  Macaalay  HMvioton.  eaq, 
to  be  Qnl  Secretary  to  the  CapUin  General 
tmd  Govemor-in<Chief  of  Canada. 

Mmrek  39.  Coldstream  Guards,  Lieut,  and 
Cipt.  O.  Dmmmond  to  be  Captain  and  Lient.- 
c3oiieL-49th  Foot.  Mi^or  T.  8.  Reinolds  to 
be  Ueut.-Colonel ;  brevet  Mi^or  D  fl*Andrew 
to  be  Major.— Breyet,  Capt.  D.  Broim,  45th 
fbot,  and  Capt.  T.  Armstroni:,  1st  W.  I.  R<f  • 
to  be  Malors  in  the  Annir.--Star.  Col.  Sir  ft. 
U.  Sale/G.C.B.  of  Uth  Foot,  to  be  Quarter- 
master-General  to  the  Queen*s  troops  in  the 
But  Indies. 

AmrUl.  TheRer.O.  R.01eij:,(ChiM«inof 
tktioyl  Hospital.  Chelsea,)  to  ht  PriociMl 
Chaplain  to  the  Forces,  vice  the  Rey.  ^.  W. 
Daluns,  D.D.  who  retires;  the  Rer.  R.  W. 
Browne,  M.A.  to  be  Chaplain  to  troops  sta- 
tioned  in  London.— Rdward  L^S^  Master,  esq. 
to  be  Rsffistrar  of  the  auprcme  Court  and 
Gterk  of  Arraigns  at  Gibraltar. 

AprU  9.  George  Dodd,  of  Grosrenor-pl. 
CM.  M.  P.  to  be  one  of  the  Gentlenien  of  Her 
Mdeetr'a  Priyy  Chamber  in  Ordinary. 

Jmii  S.  The  Hon.  John  Arthur  Douflaa 
Blooinfleld,  (now  Secretary  of  H.  M.  Embassy 
at  St.  Petersburg,)  to  be  Enyoy  Rxtraordinary 
tmd  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  the  Emperor 
flf  All  the  Rosaias ;  Andrew  Buchanan,  esq. 
(pow  Secretary  of  Legation  at  Florence,)  to  be 
Bccretary  of  Legation  at  the  Court  of  Russia ; 
Boa  Peter  Campbell  Scartett,  to  be  Secretary 
to  H.  M.  Legation  at  the  Court  of  Tuscany.— 
John  CampbeU,  of  the  College  in  New  Sarum, 
esq.  and  Caroline- Frances,  his  wife,  in  com- 
^iance  with  the  wills  of  Henry  Penrnddocke 
wyndham  and  Wadham  Wyndbam.  esqs.  de- 
ceased,  to  take  the  name  of  Wyndham  after 
Gampbell. 

AirU  4.  William  Hatfield  Gossip,  Fellow 
Commoner  of  St.  John's  coll.  Camb.  in  com- 
pliance with  the  wiU  of  the  Rev.  C.  H.  Reas- 
too-Rodes,  of  Barlborough-hall,  co.  York,  to 
take  the  name  of  De  Rodes  only,  and  bear  the 
arms  of  Rodes.— The  40th  Regiment  to  bear 
on  its  regimental  or  second  colour,  and  Uke> 
Wlae  on  ita  appointments,  in  addition  to  any 
other  distinctions  heretofore  granted,  the 
words  "  Candahar,"  **  Ghuanee,"  and  "  Ca- 
bool,"  **  1843."  in  commemoration  of  its  ser- 
Vioea  during  the  second  campaign  in  Affi^an- 


with  the  will  of  Thomas  Baron  WaUaoe,  to 
take  the  name  of  Wallace  after  Hopo^  and 
bear  the  arms  of  Wallace  in  the  first  qnavttr. 

Jmrii  10.  Master  George  Grant  Gordon  to 
be  Page  of  Honour  to  Her  Mi^lcity,  efeo  Wo> 
myia. 

Jpril  n.  Alfred  Miller  Mundy,  en.  to  bo 


Colonial  Seoetary  Ibr  the  Ptoti 

Australia;  James  Morris  OolUer,  esq.  to  bo 

Treasurer  for  the  Island  of  Tobago. 

JmrU  IS.  I8th  Foot.  Ueat..Col.  T.  8.  Itv- 
nolds,  from  49th  Foot,  to  be  LienL-Ooloooi, 
9ic§  Lieut.-Col.  H.  W.  Adams,  whoexchangto* 
—79th  Foot,  Capt.  E.  J.  Elliot  to  be  uSoti 

AprU  16.  Henry  Birchfield  8wiibey»  mtu 
(Registrar  of  the  High  Court  of  AdmiraltfS 
England.)  to  be  R^istrar  in  Kfrleataatlcol 
and  Maritime  Causes. 

AprUM.  Worcestershire  Mimi|.  Mi||«  J, 
Cox  to  be  Ueut.4;ol.  i  Capt.  T.  OBiock  to  bo 
MiSlor.— The  Right  Hon.  John  Hope,  Lo^ 
Justice  aerk  of  Scotland,  a^l  the  RQibt  Hon. 
Sir  F.  Pollock,  Knt..  Loi^  Chief  Baron  of  tbo 
Exchequer,  sworn  of  the  Priyy  CoondL  — 
William  Earl  of  Lensdals  sworn  Lord  Uco- 
tenant  and  Gustos  Rotukvnm  of  the  coonttoa 
of  CumberUnd  and  Westmoreland.— The  Ror. 
H.  Walford  Bellairs,  the  Rer.  FtederidL  Wat- 
kins,  and  Joseph  Fleteher.  esq.  to  be  thioo 
of  Her  Ma)estr'«  InqMctors  of  Scboolo.— — 
Knigbted  by  letters  natent,  Colonel  WUUmi 
Chalinera,  of  Glenericht.  co.  Perth.  C.B. 

4ivitf  18.  Cok>nel  T.  F.  Wade  to  be  an  At- 
sistant  Commissioner  of  Poor-law*. 

AmU%%,  RoyalArtiUery.  Captain  and bio* 
TotM  aior  C.  Dalton,  to  be  LieuL-OokmeL 

Apru  IS.  John  Nodes  Dickinson,  eto .  to  bt 
one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Comt  of  tbo 
colony  of  New  South  Wales. 

A»rU  as.- Knighted  by  patent,  Tbomaa  Uor- 
barCMaddock,  eeq.  Bengal QtU Senrlce. 

April  96.  Charles  Bennett,  esq .  to  be  Pro- 
Toot  -  Master-general  tor  the  Island  of  Bt. 


Naval  Peomotion9. 
Tbbe  Captain-W.  A.  Willis,  of  the  Frolic 
To  be^letired  G^»tain»-3fr.    Btyle^  C   T. 

Tbruston. 
To  be  Oommaadera— Richatd  W.  PeOer,  C.  f . 

Schomberg,  C.  B.  Hamilton,  C  J.  Feather- 


AmU  5.  Grenadier  F.  Guards,  Lieut,  and 
Oipt.  B.  B.  Reynardson  to  be  Captain  and 
Ueat..Colone1.  — Unattached,  breret  Colooel 
Mr  De  Lacy  Erans,  ILC.B.  flrom  Captain  half- 
My  5th  W.  1.  Regiment,  to  be  MiOor.— Brevet, 


4igMMa«n<*'"-CBptains,  Sir  Charles  Sulliran, 
flart.  (1814)  from  Formidable  to  Queen ;  G. 
F.  Rich  (lOS)  from  Qneen  to  Formidable.- 
Commanders.  B.  W.  Garret  (IM9.  of  the 
Mara,  at  TMUgarMo  Qrsenwich  Homital ; 
W.  H.  Hitohen(inn»  frrom Queen  to Deraa. 
tation;  T.  8.  Brock  (1^  to  Bonettai  H. 
M.  Denbam  (18SS,  adiut.),  to  Royal  Sore- 
reign  Yacht,  fiir  sunreylng. 


Gmtain  W.  Bulier,  Mfth  Foot;  Capt.  G.  C. 
Cwins,  73d  FOot ;  and  Capt.  J.  R.  T.  Graham, 
id  Druroons.  to  be  Midors  in  the  Army.— 
Staff,  Colonel  T.  E.  Napier,  on  half-pay  Un- 
attached, to  be  Deputy  A(!Uutant-gen.  to  the 

Ibrces  serring  in  Ireland.  ^  , 

April  9.  Patrick  Walker,  esq.  to  be  H.  M.     HmHm$i,—Uvtgtvrt  Briaco,  esq. 
Agont  and  Consul-General  in  the  Mosquito     gynrtsfden.— Tbomaa  Baring,  eiq, 
Sritory— John  Undcgren,  eeq.  to  be  if.  M«     fTooditodt.— Marquess  ofBlandftw 
Consul  in  the  Island  of  Porto  Rico.— Royal 
Artillery,  Capt.  and  brevet  Ma)ors  J.  H.  Wood, 
W.  E.  Jackson,  and  O.  Dumtord  to  be  lient.. 
Ootonels.— The  Hon.  James  Hope^  of  Feathefw 
itone  Castle.  Northumberland,  in  compUance 


10 


Jfemltrt  rthamtd  to  Mrrt  in  PmrhmmmU, 

rdtoreft.— Hon.  Bdw.  A.  J.  Harrii. 

fw-.-Bir  W.  W.  Fbllett,  ro-electcd. 

"-  -      Mumre  Briaco,  esq. 
.— Thomaa  Baring,  eaq, 
-Marquess  of  BlimdiSid. 

SCCLSSIASTIOAL  FRBrBRMXirTa. 

Ror.  W.  Crawley,  to  ba  Archdeacon  of  Mon- 
Otolith. 


1841..] 


Preferments  *^^Births, 


529 


R^T.  R.  Ljnnpen,  to  be  Prpb.  of  Exeter  C«t!u 
Rev.  P.  A.   Le  Htup  Wood,  to  be  Canon  of 

Midillcbara. 
Rev.  H.  Hiind,  to  be  Cftnon  of  Wells. 
Re?>  W.  F.  Musffrave»tobcC*nonof  tfereford. 
Rev.  T.   W,   Webb,  to  be  Minor    C«noii  of 

Gloucester. 
Rer.  P.  3.  Aldrich,    St.   Thomas's,    TwltB' 

iHlnnds  R.  DaliarMiis. 
Rev.  J  J,  liardhnm»  Welbome  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  W.  Q.  Barker^  Matlw k  R.  Derbyshire. 
Rev.  J.   BftTtlett,  St,  John's,   Ivinffton  P.C, 

llere^rdshire. 
R*v.  C  Bfllair*.  Christimrch  P.C.  CJoventry, 
R*T  G.  R.  Blackbtirne,  Whitchurch  P.C.  with 

Lonr  Aihton,  Som<Tset, 
Rev.  R.  L.  de   Burjh,  Harmo&dsirorth  with 

W*at  Dnlyton  V.  ftltrldle«ex. 
B*r.  W.  dirdUl,    Uolv  Trinity  P.  C  Wctt 

Bromwich.  Stntrordsbire. 
Rev  R.  Chadmck.ChriHtchnchLofthouseP.C. 

York. 
R<?v  R.  A.  Coffin,  St-  Miry  M*irdalenc  V,  Chtf. 
Rev.  C.  Cooke,  Withjcorabe  R  Somerset. 
Rev.  J.  Crtjfts,  St.  Sifiour's  R.  York. 
R45V,  C.  Deedei,  ChiUon  CAnteloe  H-  urith  West 

Cimel.  Somerset 
Rev.  G-  T  Oriffield,  Strntforti  Bow  R.  Middi. 
Rev.  W.  M-  Dudley,  Wli  it  church  V.  Hants. 
Rev.  R*  EJtis,  Bellerby  I'.C  Yorkshire. 
Rev.  G.  S.  Esrott.  Barn  wood  V  tilouc, 
Rev^  J.  W.  fjetrhlr,  St.  James's,  Handswortb 

P.C.  StalTordsbire. 
Rev,   H.    R.   Forteacne,    East    AlUnjftoti    R. 

Devon. 
Rev.  B.  Gibson,  St.  Mary  Abrburch  and  St. 

I^nrriice  Poantney  RR.  London. 
Rev.  W.  OoodTfin,  St.  Benedict  P.C  Norwich. 
Rev.  J,  Oroyther,  Fpwslon  V.  i^ulTolk. 
Rev.  J.  Halle  well.  Chillenden  R.  Rent. 
Rev.  }.  Hallwanl.  SwcpstoDe-cttmSnarestone 

R.  Leice^tersbif*'. 
R<*\'.  T.  Karns,  Horsepath  P.C.  Oxfordshire. 
Rev.  R.  L.   Hopper.  St.  George.   BrandonhiU 

V,  Bristol. 
Rev.  J.  Huffbest  Llanrian  V.  Pembrokeshire. 
Rev.  F.  Jackson.  Parson  IJrove  PC,  Ely. 
Rev.  C,  W.  J.  Jones,  l^deswell-cuni-Bnek- 

land  Tout  Sainti  V.  Devon. 
Rev,  C,  Rent,  RItun  P.C,  Herefordshire. 
lU-v.   J.   W.   KirkhjLm,   Uandysiiio    P.C.  St. 

Aaaph. 
Rev,  N,  Lowe,  Col] iton  Rawlrijfh  V.  Wore. 
Rev.  T.  W  Mellor,  Woodbrtdre  P.C  SutTolk. 
Rev.  W.  N,  Molesworth,  9t.  Clement's  Spqt- 

land  PC. 
Rev.  S.  Mf»»«op,  CalderbHdfe  Kew  Cbnrth 

P.C.  Cumberland. 
Rev,  D.  Nibd.  Bridgewtter^rttju.Clnlton  V. 

Somerset. 
R*v.  H-  A,  A,  Oake«,  Nowton  T  Suffolk, 
Rev.  T.  J.  Urmerod,  Fmnimfbani  Pigot  R, 

Norwich, 
Rev.  J.  Palmer,  Doverdale  R  WorrentersJiire. 
Rev.  J.  Pitt,  Rendcomb  R.  Glauce9tcr»hlre. 
Rev,  W.  Ramndeii.  Biji<Unfftborpe  R.  line. 
Rev  H,  W,  RawUna,  Rilton  V.  with  Fiddifif* 

ton.  ( )^^.rl■^!li^e. 
Rev  If,  St,  Peter's,  iSiepney,  P.C. 

Rev    I  Rnham  Knight  R,  Hanta. 

Rev.  R  i?kipaty,  9t,  Tbomajr*  PC.  Bialiop- 

vrearmoiith 
Rev.  8.  L.Smitltt  tliofcti  BramptcMi  R.  North. 

amptonahire. 
Rev.  J.  H  Slrpbenson,  Lynnnftham  R.  Som. 
Rev.  M.  aiwart,  C+ittcemrirc  R.  Rutland, 
Rev.  W,  Tudor,  Sidrrslerne  R.  Suffolk, 
Rev,  D.  T.  U^  Wiiaon,  Redgrave  R.  ^tiWoIk. 


CUAPLAINi. 

Bev.  W,  8.  U.  BnUiam  to  the  Earl  of  Wilde- 

jfrave. 
Rev,  P.  Gilpin  to  the  Wk6  of  Nort^omber* 


Cirii,  Prefermicnt** 

Sir  Frederick  Pollock  to  be  Chief  Baron  oft 

Exchequer ;  Sir  W.  W.  Follett  to  be  Atfo 

ney -Genera I  -,  Frederick  Theai|(er,  e*q*  to  1 

Soltcitor  General, 
The  Earl  of  Haddinjrton  (First  Lord  of  lb 

AdtnjraUy)^  to  be  an  Elder  Brother  of  f 

Trinity  House. 
J.  Ayrtofi  Parti*,  M.  D.  F.R,S.  to  be  Preitid* 

of  the  College  of  PhyaJclans. 
Rev  J    itjji- rjh  IlI    t,,  >«.  Head  Master  of  th 

y  rksblre. 

Mr  v<ii»i«UnC  Classia 

M-     .i ,,... J : mar  School. 

Mr.  John  H.  C.  VVri^lii,  B.A.  of  St.  John't 

c»lL  Camb.  to  Assist.  Master  of  Southwell 

Collegiate  School. 

BIRTHS, 

March  4.   In  Upper  Harlev-at.  the  wife  of 

F.  H    Dickinson,  e-^q.  .MP,    a  d»a. 9.   At 

Vienna,  the   Prinre!«M  Nicholas   K^tfrbftjy,  a 

son. ^1+.  The  Uitcheas  of  Savor,  a  son      - 

19,  At  Bath,  the  wife  of  W.  P.  Okedeii.   -     . 

of  Henbury,  l»oniet,  adau. Jl.  Th-  ^         ,f 

Ijuke  Trapp  Flood*  esq.  a  son v 

the  lady  «f  the  Hon.Charle*  Ha- 

ft  son, '24.    At   HitTi.r  jrreen,  i^ 

the  Hon    Mrs   -^  .a  dau. 25.  AI 

Bectford  CottaL-  t  he  widow  of  Bei    ' 

jamtii  W.  Th'^i  iau    and  hei 

At  rieatori,  tlit   v^ik  of  Major  Daubeny. 

CD.  of  the  53lh  F<>ot,  a  »on. At  WImbir 

don,  Surrey,  the  wife  of  Dr  James  Brighi^ 
a  dau.- — 29.  At  Alvrrton  Hoitne.  Peniancf^ 
the  wife  of  C«pt.  Anson,  R.N    a  ion. 

Latcfif.    In  Wri5,  the  Prino^'*  of  ^^w  Co- 
burif  Gotha(Prificesa  Cleiiu  I  i, 

anon. In  Upper  Belfrrat> 

ehioneiiaof  HuMhii;*.  uf  '\ 

In  If.-    : 

At    i  f3 

Metuia,    1  I 

Surrey,  the  lion   .Mr*,  tieo,  LKvendiab,  a  daa„ 

' In  Southwick-terr    Hyde-park,  the  Hod^ 

Mrs,  ArtlMir  Kinnuiinl,  a  lUu. lii  Tnrk« 

terr.  '■■  ''    ■    '  i| 

Sen- 

Glu<;  I  5 

ofilnic,  a&uii.— ^At  Chester,  the  bUy  of  sif 

Bdward   Walker,  a  son. \t   Reading,  th^ 

wift-of  Maior  (h^u.  Tu^kelT.  C.  }\.  .\  k^.- — ^ 
Lwly  Bo.  't 

aon. .\ 

Major  Sp. 

tlnirham-pl.  tL-  utcclut  ^tiailvietlf 

esq.  a  son \  the  wMt  of  John 

W)Tidham  Rrut< .       ,  n. 

Attril  1.  At  Newport,  .Moumoolhsh  thefitflJI 

of  .Htephcn  Towijood.  e*q.   a  dau 3.  At 

<;uo.JM^-t    Ixi.tL'-K'.    rwrir    HfM.lin|r,   the  wife  of 

.  «fU. 4.   At  St* 

wife  of  the  Rev< 
1  :.■__',  ■.  mt  of  the    riiivf-r- 

<iUy.  ;^  i,tm—i^  At  il  :•■■'!  ''''-■ 
wifcoftbe  Rev.  Wm.  n     v  i     . 

10.  At  Hooirhton  H  .  :.  N    rf, 

Ijfttn  Henry  Tndor,  a  *on. 13    In  iic!gra<&».  ^ 

aq,  the  Marchioneaa  of  Camden^  a  dau 


GxMT.  Mag.  Vol*  XXi, 


MARRIAGES. 

8*pt%.    At  Melbourne.  Port  Philip.  Thoa. 
Rutherford,  late  of  Kilmore.  Ireland,  to  Har- 
rirt.  fourth  dau    of  the  Rev.  R.   Blarkniore^  1 
Rt?ctof  of  fJouhead  **t    Mnry,  WiK^ 

Nov,    a.     At    T'      '  nwtft 

Western  Auatmi  lal» 

of  Sussex,  to  I  dam^ 

of  W.  iV>v  riM-  c  or  Hte  tat«  , 

Admiral  < . 

J7.     At  I  t;.  5.  J^wan.  e«|. 

Aaaiatant  Commisjiarv  itru.,  lo  Sarah-lkmner, 
eldeat  d«ii.  of  J.  R  Pnce,  «»q.  Deputy-i;oai. 
misMry-OcQCitl* 

3Y 


E»30 


Marruiges, 


IMiT. 


Ja».  3.  At  Berlumporir,  Fre^rick-Artbur. 
Win  of  Juhn  A.  Kill« irk» e«i].  Ute  of  M>atbwu:d, 
10  Sfiiliu,  thinl  (Uu.  of  ^.  M.  Gray,  es-j.  of 
Nautli|«ir*'.  Ik-ncal,  Imlia. 

10.  At  Calcutta,  WiUiam  F'^rri*.  e^.  of 
Bunlwaii,  lh>rJ  son  of  iht  late  Re%'.  Tbo». 
Frm«,  Virar  **{  I>aIling:ionf  rfut^x,  to  Gcc^nri- 
ana,  eldest  dau  of  r*.  Kobio'^oo,  eat|.  vf  Islio^- 

tOD. 

Feh.C.  At Chitivalwn, near  Bimlipatam.East 
Iftdiea,  Tliomaa  Palmer  Muore,  eaq.  2M  Ma- 
djraa  Nat.  Inf..  tecond  lonivinc  son  of  the  late 
Geonre  Moore,  esq.  Madras  Uril  Ser\  ice.  to 
Jessie,  eldest  dau.  of  Mont^oiery  Yoaiifc» 
esq.  of  Eakside,  Mnsselborf  h,  N-  B. 

10.  At  CalcattA,  Geonre  Ldnr,  esq.  Ciril 
Berr.,  to  Anne-I^u,  second  daa.  of  zjanuel 

Toaikins,  esq.  of  Lombard-»t. At  llombay, 

J.  D.  Inveranty,  ew|.  Honiliay  Civil  Serv.  to 
liana- Martha,  eld«^t  dau.  of  Jolin  I*ollard 
WillooKhliy,  4*Hq.  Chi«'f  Serretarr  to  Gov«m- 
meot,  and  FniviMonal  Meml^r  of  Council. 

91.  At  Bombay,  Alexander  Tod,  esq.  41d 
Best.  Mailras  .Vrmy,  only  son  of  the  late  A. 
Tod,  esq.  Benfnd  Ciril  Ser^*-,  to  Sarah^^rrok, 
third  sunrtTinc  dau.  of  thr  late  ('apt.  Richard- 
SOD,  Indian  Navy. 

17.  At  Malta,  Commander  Kraamus  Omman- 
Bey,  R.N.  of  H.M.tf.  VesuTius,  son  of  the  late 
Sir  Francis  M.  Ommanney,  to  AmeUa-Mary, 
•Idest  dau.  of  Samuel  Smith,  esq.  of  Her  Ma- 
jctty^s  Dockyard,  Malta. 

Mmrek  2.  At  St.  Helier's,  Jersey,  James 
Badclifle,  e^q.  of  the  Chateau  de  Crenan,  Cotes 
dd  Nord,  France,  to  Caroline,  younnst  dau.  of 
Thomas  Acton  Wollaaton,  esq.  of  La  Folinais 
Ucnenbiben,  in  the  same  depajrtment. 

S.  At  Cariii^owell,  Capt.  Barclay,  II.  M. 
Seth  Rett.,  son  of  the  late  Col.  Barclay,  of  the 
same  reipt.  and  cnndson  of  the  late  Geu.  John 
BarcUy,  R.M.  to  Charlotte,  dau.  of  the  Ute  N. 
M.  Ciunmins,  e.sq.  of  Woodviile,  co.  Cork. 

11.  At  Thonie.  near  Norwich,  Edw.  Geo. 
Cnbitt,  Cfq.  7tli  lluMare,  youncest  son  of  the 
late  George  <:ubitt.  esii.  of  Catlield,  to  Elixa- 

bcth,  dau.  of  Charles  Weston,  esq. At  St. 

Geonce's,  lIanorer«8i|.  Henry  Edmund  But- 
ler, only  son  of  the  late  Hon.  Henry  Butler, 
and  nephew  and  heir  of  the  Earl  of  Kilkenny, 
to  Franccs-Peueloue,  only  child  of  Thomas 
Rawson,  esq.  of  Nidd  Hall,  Yorkshire. 

IS.  At  Marylebone,  Lieot.-(x>l.  Grieve,  75th 
foot,  to  Louisa,  second  dan.  of  the  Hon.  and 
Rev.  Frederick  Ilotham,  Canon  of  Rochester. 

14.  At  Yoxfnrd,  Suffolk,  Charles  J.  Wade, 
esq.  of  Gray's-inn,  to  Emily,  third  dan. :  and 
Charles  J.  Plomptre,  eso.  of  Queen*s-sq. 
Bkwmsbary,  and  Gray*s-inn,  to  Caroline, 
youni^est  dku.  of  the  late  Robert  Colmer.  esq. 
of  the    Rookery,  near  Yoxford,  and  of  the 

Inner  Temple. At  Cheltenliam,  William, 

second  son  of  T.  H.  Nurse,  esq.  of  Ashbury, 
Barbadoes,  to  Rnsa,  second  dau.  of  F.«lward 

Kendall,  esq.  of  Cheltenham. .\t  Edrady- 

nate,  Capt.  Robert  Scott,  Hon.  East  India 
Company's  late  Naval  Service,  to  Margaret, 
eldest  dau.  of  James  S.  Robertson,  eai|.  of 

Bdradynate,    Perthshire. At  Brig^hton, 

Henry  Drummond,  esq.  M.I),  to  Maria-Sarah, 
widow  of  David  Udw.  Morris,  esq.  of  Hrigrhton. 


hatch, 
esq   of 


15.  At  Jersey,  Jos.  Dcslandes.  jun.  esq.  liis 
Swedish  and  Norwegian  M»je3ty*^a  Consul  fur 
that  IflUnd,  to  Sarah-Anne,  eldest  dau.    of 


Geori^e  Winter,  e^q.  of  HaddsKamma,  Ceylon. 
16.  At  St.  Martin's,  Lud(cate-hill,  Ferdinand 
Schsck  von  BrockdorflT,  esq.  of  Antwerp,  to 
Mathilde  OflTresie,  third  dau.  of  A.  Saportas. 
esq.  Coiisol  of  tho  King  of  Prussia  at  Ant- 

wen>. At  St.  Pancras,  Herbert  Robinson, 

esq.  (if  Old  Broad-st.  and  of  Madeira,  to  Ellen- 
Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  Capt.  S.  C.  Styles, 
R.\. 


If.  At  Carenham.  Oiftirdsh.  Tw^dmidk  0L 
C1«aveUL>l,  esq.  Capt.  Royal  Art.  to  XaiT- 
Inces.  dau.  of  the  Ute  William  Inocs  Fococx^ 
esq.  IJcut.  ilo\al  Navy,  of  Hoae  Bill,  Ckvcr. 
sham. 

19.    At  Reirate,  Fatal  FoskeCt,  esq.  of  Woad- 

ktch.  to  Mana,  dan.  of  the  laieJoMb  Wood, 
of  Westminster  and  Stoke  Dmopoit. 
At  .\tblune,  Somerrille  31 'Donald  Cud«» 
esq.  Roval  Art.  son  of  lieat.-CoL  Caldtf. 
Commanding  Royal  Ear..  Hali£is«  to  Sonb* 
ConstAotia,  third  dan.  ^  G.  H.  Greco,  coq.  tf 

Camberwell. At  St.  Gcorgc*t,  Hanovcr-tq. 

William  Hoaeywood,  esq.  second  no  of  tkt 
late  J.  C.  Iloueywood,  Bart,  to  Bartiara-Hai- 
rietta,  youngest  dan.  of  James  Whyto^  oq. 
of  Pilton  House,  Devon. 

30.  At  Dublin,  Gartaide,  eldest  aon  of  TteL 
Tippinr,  esq.  of  Davenport  Hall,  ChcaUi^  Is 
Jane-Mari^aret.  eldest  dau.  of  Robert  Wemfgt, 
esq.  of  Rathmolyon  House,  co.  Xcatk,  aad 
niece  of  the  Earl  of  Erne. At  8ands»  rath- 
shire,  Harry  Young,  esq.  of  CMsh,  to  Mufp 
third  dau.  of  the  late  Lanresoe  JohnstOB,  esq. 

of  Sands. Mr.    Benjamin   Umis  Meyv 

Rothschilil,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Mr.  Mqrar 
Israel  Rothschild,  of  RoskihL  Denmark.  toMtas 
Leryson,  only  dan.  of  Mr.  Montagnc  Levrson. 
. J&Bi 


of  Queen*s-sq.  Bloomsbnrr. Al 

Windsor,  the  seat  of  Vlscoant  Ashbraok. 
Henry  Every,  csu.  eldest  son  of  Sir  Henry 
Every.  Bart,  to  Jane.  dau#  of  tbe  lata  Rcr. 
Sir  John  Robinson,  Bart,  aad  relict  of  Gao. 
Powney,  esq. 

31.  At  Kingsteifnton.  John  Whidbome, 
esq.  to  Lucinda-Diana,  eldest  daiL  of  the  Rcr. 
Nicholas  Watts,  Kingstelgnton. At  Lircrw 

rl,  nurles-l*anl,  youngest  son  of  tbe  lato 
H.  Hele  Philips,  esq.  of  Leifhton  Hoose, 
Wilts  to  Emma-Mary,yonngestdaa.oftbelBte 

M.  Benson,  esq.  of  LiverrodL At  Barter. 

Herts,  the  Rev.  Henry  Wortham,  B.A.  of 
Jesus  College,  to  Emma,  third  dao.  of  tbe 
Rev.  Dr.  Lee,  Rector  of  Barley,  Prebend  of 
Bri»tolf  and  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrev  in 

the  l*niver»ity  of  (^mbridge. At  Kenton, 

Wni.  Er^'ing  Smith  Clarke,  esq.  eldest  son  or 
Wm.  Clarke,  esq.  of  Buckland  Tout  Salata, 
the  late  High  Sheriff  of  Devon,  to  Maiianae, 
eldest  dau.  of  Sir  Robert  William  Newman. 
Bart  of  .Mamhead. 

33.  At  Moucreifle  House,  Edmund,  only 
son  of  Edmund  Wright,  esq.  of  Maldeth  Hall, 
Lancaahire,  to  Helen,  eldest  dao.  of  tbe  late 

Sir  David  Moncreiffe,  of  MoncreiffiF,  Bart. 

At  Gore,  the  Rev.  William  Leslie  Badbam, 
M.A.  to  Eroily-Hesketh,  only  dau.  of  R.  M. 
MofTgeridge,  esq.  of  Westmount,  co.  Wexford. 

33.  At  York,  the  Rev.  John  Amndel.  of 
London,  to  Mrs.  Burke,  of  York,  widow  of  tbe 
late  Edmund  Burke,  esq.  of  BaglesclifliB,  near 
Yarm. 

35.  At  Warwick,  Frederick  Pritchard,  esq. 
of  Stratford-upon-Avon,  to  Mary,  youngest 
dau.  of  William  Collins,  esq.  M.P. 

36.  At  Ilurst-pierpoint.  Sussex,  Charles 
Iloskins  Masters,  esq.  only  son  of  Charles 
Legh  Hoskins  Masters,  esq.  of  Barrow  Green 
House,  Oxted,  Surrey,  to  Emily,  younger  dan. 
of  Natlianiel  IJorrer,  rs(\,  of  Ffik)!^  Manor, 

Hurat-pierpoint. At  St.  Mary's,  Mekorobe- 

Regis,  James  M'Connel  Hussey,  esq.  B.  A.  of 
Exeter  coll.  Oxford,  son  of  William  Hussey, 
esq.  of  Mont.iirue-pl.  Glasgow,  to  Laura,  dau. 

of  AVilliam  Mutratt,  esi|.  of  Weymouth. At 

Speldhurst,  Kent.  Home  Gordon,  esq.  only 
son  of  Sir  Orford  Gordon,  Bart,  to  Ellen, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  B.  Barnewall,  esq. 

of  Mevmouth-st.  Portland-pl. At  Clifton, 

John  North,  esq.  to  Kimbery.  younrest  dau. 
of  James  Cunningham,  esq.  of  OakfleTd- house, 
Clifton. 


18440 


Marriiigei. 


SSI 


27.  ki  laUnjfioPj  C»pt,  Sherlock,  of  Dover, 
to  Samh.  nulj'  LlAu-  of  the  lateCliarles  Ciickett, 

CHq.  ©f  Deat.^ At  St,  Margiret's,  Westmin- 

Bler,  Jolm  Cox,  esq.  of  Gorffle  Mills.  Kdin- 
burfb.  to  Mar^reti  eldest  dia.  of  i,  R, 
M'CuHoclit  Mi^ 

28.  At  SL  Oeonfe*s,  fitoomsbur>%  the  Rev. 
Charlei  Old  Oood^rd,  Fellow  of  Kinar**  roll, 
Olmbridjre,  to  Katlierine-Lttda,  ihira  dm.  of 

Georg-e  Law.  esq.  of  Lincolii*s-ian. At  All 

Souhi  Langhaoi-pl.  CJeorgc  John  Jones,  esq. 
to  Char1otte'£li£A,  widow  of  the  Iftte  Francw 
Alcjtiiuder  Grant,  esq.- — At  F&rnhun,  M^|or 
Duberley,  eith  Rejft.,  sou  of  thelnteSir  Jfemes 
DnbericTf  of  Gftihes,  Haat«,  to  Katherine- 
PoweU«  diti.  of  the  late  Wsdhnm  Locke,  esq. 
M.F.  of  Rowdfforrl  House,  Wilts.^At  Barn 
staple,  Wm.  Anthony  D«aDe,e^q.  eldest  ion  of 
Aiilhony  Dearie,  eta*  of  Webbcry,  to  Lacv* 
Elizabeth,  yoongrctt  tUu.  of  Stephen  Bencraiti 

eaq,  of  Ilamstaple. *-At  Hteynton,  John 

Hugh  Buriress,  esa.  of  LincotiiS-inn^  only 
•unriTing:  son  of  tne  late  Bdtrard  Bur^e«s, 
esq.  of  Waltham  Abbey*  to  Augnsta-^^ah* 
dsu.  of  Thomas  Duniayne,  esq.  of  Milford 
lfaT€ii. 

30.  At  St.  Marv's*  Bryanston-sq.  Frpcleric. 
tVlUianj,  son  of  air  Frederic  Hamilton,  liort. 
of  Sikertou  Hillf  LAtiarksUire,  to  Emily 
Maria,  dau.  of  Thomas  Carriclt,  e»f|.  of  Wyke, 

Yorksk  and  Hlghwood  HitI,  Middleicx, At 

St.  Ilarytcbone.  Joaefih  NecdhaEUi  esq.  of  tbe 
Middle  T<?mnle,  to  Jane,  eldei t  dau.  of  Major 
Frai«r.  of  the  Re^enl*s  Park. At  Green- 
wich, Masters  Francii  James  Archer,  esq.  to 
AotsUa,  eldest  dau.  of  tbe  late  Charles  Brad- 

Ity,  Mq. At  Sevenoaks,  Frederick,  eldiat 

ton  of  Str  Frederick  Pollock,  M,l'.  fnow 
Lord  Chief  Barony  to  Julia,  dan.  of  the 
Ber.  H.  Creed,  niece  of  the  Right  Hon.  J.  C. 
Berries. At  Manchester,  Augustus  F*  Pad- 
ley,  esq.  of  Christ's  coll.  Camb.  to  CatheriRe, 
dan.  of  the  late  Samnel  Mather,  esq.  of  Bnrngh- 
ton  HaUf  Lancashire. 

Lattlf.  At  Adbaston,  the  Rev.  E.  H.  V. 
Colt,  Vicar  of  Hill,  Gloacestcrsh.  to  Ellen, 
dan.  of  F.  H,  Northern,  e«q.  M.D.  of  Lea 

House.   StaOordsh, At  Birmingham,   9, 

Holmden  Anjphlett,  esq.  second  son  of  the 
lite  Rev.  R,  H.  Amphlctr,  of  Newhall,  Wor- 
cestersb.  and  Rector  of  Hadnor,  to  Htry- 
Georfiana,    eldest   dau.   of  Georfe  Bdwanl 

Male,  esq.  M.  D. At  Bsttersea,  Capl.  Saa- 

doA,  R.N.  to  Jane,  dau.  of  J.  C.  Constable^ 

esq.  of  Oak^bouse,  Battersea.^ At  Chelten* 

ham,  QeorK«  dc  Monran»  esq.  to  Josephine- 
dau.  of  8ir  J.C«  C<>gbill,  Bart.- — At  ClaphaiB, 
Alf^d  Fowler,  esq.  to  Apnes,  duD.  of  the  late 
Edward  Taylor,  esq.  orcbRlfurd,  Gloacestersh. 
——At  Kennington,  A.  P.  Owen,  esq.  of  Ayles- 
bmy-  to  Mary,  dau.  of  J.C  Hewlett,  esq.  of 

Ctmb«rwelL^ At  Cheltenham,  WiUiam  PbiU 

pot  Brookes,  M.D.  to  HenricttA,  dau.  of  John 

IVart,  e»q.  of  Oxford-st. At  Ealinft,  S.  A. 

LiridcnnAn,  c*q.  to  Sophia,  dau    of  the  late 

Win.  Spesr,  esq,  of  Monkton,  Dorset. At 

St  VtticiTit,  VV.  G.  Alven,  esq,  late  of  Rnhatn- 
hiia-e,   Hauts,    to   Kmily -Caroline,    dan.   of 

Pemberloa  Ross.  esq. At  Hereford*  H.  O. 

RobimoQ.  esq«  to  Isabella  Hamilton,  widow 
of  B.  C.  DftassY,  esq.  and  dau.  of  Charles  Wal- 
ker.  esq.  d  Ashford  Court,  Salop. 

JpriCt.  At  Harboriie,  near  BimiiDghanti 
Fatricius-Constanline,  n^jn  nf  H.oiifn  <'rjni- 
psq.  of  Dublin,  to  Mar^  of 
Mr.  WouM»i,  late  lessee  ^  bI, 
liath,  dfranseaj  and  Cai  on, 
Herefordsh.  Edwin  Janiea  UlicU,  e^.  of  Uoss, 
to  Orace-Braily,  youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Jo* 
natban  Noad,  esq.  of  ifertield  House.  Somer- 
set.^  At  Soathwick,  Hants,  William  Au/r^s- 

t9«  RspeTi  esq,  MB.  to  Mary^  dau.  of  Charles 


Wl  ok  worth,  esq.  controller  of  Her  Majesty's 
Customs,  Ramsgale. 

4.  At  Homsey,  Georire  Asheombe,  esq.  of 
S«*warchtone,  Kssev,  to  Eleanor,  eldest  dau.  of 

Charles   Perrott,    esq.   of  Higbf^te. At 

rhiUdwcH,  Frederick- Urling,  second  son  of 
Jeremiah  Smith,  esq.  of  London,  Mercbuit, 
to  Rachet-Sophfi,  •i^vcnth  dan.  at  the  late 
John  H Alii  tv  Oewsbury. — -At  Bath, 

Edward  Gr  A^nes,  second  dau.  of 

the  Re  V.J.  .len. 

5.  At  Grrtija,  !..  "^  r  Y,  Buckinprhatn,  esq. 
son  of  J.  S.  Buckingham,  esq.  of  the  Britisn 
and  Foreign  !n"iritnte',  to  Canultne-Sarah* 
fonrthdatj.  r^pt.  Fre«lerick  While, 
of  H.  M.  V  Weymouth. 

6.  At  St.  V  tanover-sq.  John  Law- 
rence, esq.  of  ivnni^wick  Honse.  Windsor,  lo 
Elixa.  only  dan.  of  Henry  Saunders,  esq.  Win- 

Chester  Tower,  Windsor  Cjistle, At  Head* 

ley,  Thomas  Lsry,  esq,  of 'King's  Arms-yanl, 
Siiticitor,  to  Marianna,  eldest  dau.  of  Capt. 
Gustavo  B  Evans,  R.N,  of  Head  lev  Grove,  Sur- 
rey.  At  LewtshajQ,  Frederick  James  Per- 
ceval, e*q.  to  Emma,  jtecond  dan.  of  tlie  kste 
Ralph  Gilbert,  es<i. 

1».  At  ^>xford.  Joseph  Holland,  esq.  9arx«on« 
Ox  ford -road,  Manchester,  to  Harriet*  Anae- 
Edgar,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Henry 

Hody  Rogers,  Rector  of  Pylle,  Somerset. 

At  Whitchurch,  Osfordsh.  Mr,  William  Sa- 
muel Stevens,  of  Btount's  Court,  to  Mary- 
Kate,  second  dau.  of  James  Pearman,  esq.  of 

Goring  Heath. At  Southampton,  WiUiam 

Stemoate  Bennett,  esq.  of  Upper  Charlott«-«t. 
Filzroy-sq.  to  Mary* Anne,  only  dau.  of  James 

Wood,  esq.  R.N. At  St.  Martin's,  the  Earl 

of  Aboyne,  eldest  son  of  tlK-  Mnrqui^  of  Hontly. 
to  Mary-Antotnetta,    oi  w;  dau.  of 

the  Rev.  P.  W.  P«^n»i  ^^**  I*ow- 

acer  of  Liodsey,— a  Kobert,  son 

of  Iiaac  Braithwaite.  esij.  v(  tvcudal,  to  Char- 
lott  %  fourth  dan.  of  John  Masterman,  esq, 

M.V At  Eastry,  Commander Thos.  Henrtfj 

R.N.  eldest  son  o/  the  late  Vice-.idmiral  ^ 
Thomas  Her^ey,  K.  C.  B,  lo  Christian-Bar- 
grave,  eldeit  flmK  riT  William  Bridges,  esq.  of 
Eastry  Cou'  -At  St.  John'*.  Pad- 

dington,  Fr  fourth  son  of  the  late 

Gen.  Sir  Sail         :  r,  to  Mar>- -Anne,  elder 

dsu.  of  the  Uu  iltjiry  Vigue,  esq.  of  Church 

HitI,  Walthamstow. At  St.  Marylebooe, 

Wm.  Hay,  esq.  of  Clttfbrd-street,  to  Catherine, 
youngest  dan.  of  the  late  William  Taylor,  esq. 
of  the  lOthl^Hussars,  and  grand-dao.  of  the  late 

Thomas  Harrington,  esq.  of  Brighton. ^At 

Brighton,  Sir  John  Dean  Paol.  Bart,  of  Rod- 
borough.  OEoucettersh.  to  Eliubeth,  youngest 
dau,  or  Dr,  Horsley,  Lord  Bi«»hop  of  St.  Auph. 

At  St.  Mary*8,  Bath  wick,  the  Rev,  O.  L, 

Har\'ey.  Rector  of  Yate.  son  of  the  late  Sir 
Lndforil  Har%ev,  to  Pei^is-Scott,  only  child  of 

Capt.  .Nichols,  formerly  of  the  »fd  BafBi. 

At  Liverprtol,  E.  Williams,  esq.  Sorgeoo,  of 
Bristol,  to  Amelia^  youngest  dau.  of  TTCusiiij 
esn.  and  ncice  of  thf  latrr  Mr.  Sheriff  Liptrap, 

of  London. -At  St.  Helier's,  Ji'n*ey,the  Rev. 

Christopher  Heath,  to  Ellena-Gratiana,  second 
dau.  of  Henry  Campbell  White,  esq. 

10.  At  Edmondsham,  the  Rev.  George  Ba- 
rons Northcote,  M.4  r.i  Mvettr Coll. Ojtlbrd, 
eldest  son  of  O.  B  «q .  of  Somerset 

Court,  Somerset.  cUlest  dan.  of 

the  late  H.  W.  li  ;    cii   Fltnoftds- 

ham,  Dorset,  and  - — 

At  Lee.  Kent,  Th<  (he 

younger,   of  Wan.      .    ,  ^  (J^ 

theride-Jane,  dau.  of  U.  JluU  rlii.,  i  v^.  of  Ra- 

vensbourne  f'srk,  Kent. At  SL  Lnke^s, 

Chelsea,  Thomas  P«fregrine,  esq,  of  Moonl-st. 
Orotvenor-sq.  to  Charlotte,  eldest  dfta,  of 
Cspt.  Ford,  of  Chelsea  CoUege. 


532 


OBITUARY. 


The  Earl  of  LiOMtDALK. 

JlkrcA  19.  At  bit  residence,  York 
House,  Twickenh«m,  afred  86,  tbe  Right 
Hon.  William  Lowtber,  Earl  of  Lonsdale, 
eo.  Westmoreland,  Viscount  and  Baron 
Lowtber  of  Whitebaren,  CO.  Cumberland, 
a  Baronet  of  Nova  Scotia  (l&U)),  and  of 
England  (1764),  K.G..  a  Priry  Coun- 
eillor.  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Vice- Admi- 
ral of  the  counties  of  Cumberland  and 
Westmoreland,  Lieut.- Colonel  in  the 
wm^,  and  K.S.A. 

1  he  Earl  of  Lonsdale  was  bom  Dec. 
S9.  1757.  the  elder  son  of  the  Rev.  Sir 
William  Lowther,  Bare  ,  Rector  of  SwiU 
Itngton,  CO.  York,  by  Anne,  eldest 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Zouche, 
Vicar  of  Sandsl.  His  father  was  created 
a  Baronet  in  1764;  and  the  title  (which 
had  merged  in  the  peerage}  was  revived 
in  1824  in  favour  o(  the  £ail*s  only  bro- 
ther, now  Sir  John  Lowther,  of  Swil- 
Ungton,  Bart.  When  Mr.  Lowther,  his 
Lordship  sat  in  the  Parliament  of  1780-4 
u  member  for  Carlisle,  and  he  must  have 
been  one  of  the  last  survivors  of  that  Par- 
liament. We  believe  he  was  not  in  the 
Parliaments  of  l7^'4  and  1700  ;  but  at  the 
ffeneral  election  in  1796  he  was  returned 
for  the  county  of  Rutland. 

He  surceedrd  to  the  title  of  Baronet 
on  the  death  of  his  father,  June  15,  1788. 

Sir  William  Lowtber  was  appointed 
Major  in  Macnamara's  regiment  of  foot, 
Aug.  22,  1791;  and  a  Lieut.. Colonel  in 
the  army  Jan.  1,  1800,  which  rank  be  had 
subsequently  retained.  He  was  for  many 
years  Colonel  of  the  Cumberland  Militia, 
and  resigned  the  command  to  his  second 
•on. 

On  the  death  of  his  cousin  James  Earl 
of  Lonsdale,  May  24,  1802,  he  acceded  to 
the  dignities  of  Viscount  and  Baron 
Lowtb«>r,  which  had  been  created  by  a 
patent  dated  October  26,  1797,  with  re- 
mainder to  the  heirs  male  of  the  body  of 
the  late  Rev.  Sir  William  Lowther.  The 
dignity  of  Earl  of  Lonsdale,  which  bad 
been  conferred  on  the  same  nobleman  in 
1784,  then  became  extinct ;  but  it  waa 
revived  in  favour  of  his  successor,  by  pa- 
tent dated  April  7,  1807. 

His  Lordsoip  was  elected  a  Knight  of 
the  Garter  July  18,  1807,  and  insuUed 
March  31,  1812. 

Lord  Lonsdale  was  the  earliest  friend 
of  Mr.  Pitt,  and  his  long  public  life  hai 
been  not  less  marked  by  unimpeachable 
integrity,  than  by  the  most  unswerving 
and  consistent  devotion  to  the  principles 


of  that  enineat  man.  Ht  ntwwtkdMs 
numbered  among  his  fnenda,  and  moat 
affectionate  admirers,  many  men  of  oppo. 
site  politics  to  bis  own.  His  OMnneiB 
were  of  the  gentlest  kind,  and  laseioBtiiMP 
to  a  degree  that  can  only  be  onderstood 
by  those  who  bad  the  happiness  of  his 
acquaintance.  His  highest  pleasure  and 
aiDbition  centered  in  conscientiooslj  dis- 
charging the  duties  of  a  kind  and  bIKm- 
tionate  parent,  a  munificent  landlord,  and 
a  sealous  advocate  for  tbe  best  interests  of 
his  country.  His  princely  fortune  enabled 
him  to  indulge  the  most  noUe  trait  which 
can  adorn  the  human  character — an  un- 
ostentatious benevolence  —  his  geoetoot 
heart  and  hand  being  ever  open  to  the 
appcab  of  distress,  or  to  assist  and  cn- 
coonige  rising  talent ;  and  many  now  liviiy 
have  cause  to  bless  the  day  when  Provt 
dence  kindly  brought  them  under  the  no- 
tice and  patronage  of  the  good  old  Earl 
of  Lonsdale.  His  lordship  was  a  amnl- 
ficent  patron  of  literature  and  art,  and  h{i 
high  attainments  as  a  clasaical  scholar 
threw  a  tone  over  the  society  aasembled 
round  his  hospitable  board,  and  frequently 
amongst  the  nobles  by  whom  he  was  sur- 
rounded might  be  found  a  Wordsworth, « 
Rogeis,  a  Davy,  a  Southey,  and  other 
eminent  literary  characters.  A  friendship 
subsisted  between  his  Lordship  and  Mc  . 
Wordsworth,  which  is  alike  honouraUe- 
to  the  peer  and  poet.  The  **  Excursion*' 
is  dedicated  to  tne  Earl  in  one  of  Words- 
wort  h*8  best  sonnets. 

Tbe  Earl  of  Lonsdale  married,  July 
12,  1781,  Lady  AugusU  Fane,  eldest 
daughter  of  John  9th  Earl  of  Weatmore- 
land  ;  and  bv  that  lady,  who  died  March 
6,  1^,  he  nad  issue  five  sons  and  two 
daughters:  1.  Augusta,  who  died  an  in- 
fant in  1789 ;  2.  Udy  Elisabeth  Low- 
ther;  3.  Ltdy  Mary,  married  in  1820  to 
the  late  Major.  Oen.  Lord  Frederick 
Cavendish  Bentinck,  C.B.  and  was  left 
his  widow  in  1828,  with  one  son  ;  4.  the 
Right  Hon.  William  now  Earl  of  Lons. 
dale ;  5.  Lady  Anne,  married  in  1817  to 
the  Right  Hon.  Sir  John  Beckett,  Bart. ; 
6.  the  Hon.  Henry  Cecil  Lowtber,  M.P. 
for  Westmoreland,  and  Colonel  of  the 
Cumberland  Militia,  who  married  in 
1817  Lady  Lucy  Eleanor  Sherard,  eldest 
daughter  of  Philip  5th  Eari  of  Har- 
borough,  and  has  issue  three  sons  and 
three  daughters;  and  7.  Lady  Caroline, 
married  in  1815  to  Lord  William  Poulett, 
next  brother  and  beir-presumptive  to  the 
Duke  of  Cleveland,  but  has  no  issue. 


1844.]     Obitv JiJLV.^Lord  Willitm  HUL — Don  A  Arguelles, 


533 


The  preaent  Earl  waa  born  in  1789, 
but  is  unmurried.  He  is  a  Privy  Coun- 
cillorr  and  baa  been  Pofltmaster-Oeneml 
during  ibc  present  Ministry.  He  bus  eat 
in  Parliament  ns  Baron  Lowther  from 
164L  His  Lordiihip  bas  been  appointed 
to  iuec«^d  bii  futber  ns  Lord-Lieutt*n»nt 
of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland.  The 
late  Earl '8  remains  vv<>re  removed  mi  the 
27th  of  March,  and  ittterred  nt  Lowtht^r 
on  the  Ut  of  April,  attended  by  the  nre- 
sent  E»rl^  the  Hou.  Colonel  Lowiher, 
Sir  John  Beckett,  Lord  Wm.  Powlert, 
Lieut.  Henry  Lowther,  John  H.  Low- 
ther, esq.  M.V.,  ibe  Hon.  G.  O'Calla^- 
ban,  George  Bentinck,  esq.^  tfie  lie  v.  H. 
Lowtber,  Arthur  Lowihtr,  i*!iq>*  and  Mr. 
liobertson ;  aiid  as  pull 'bearers,  John 
Paile^  esq.,  Jobn  Berin,  e^<|.  Joaepb 
Benn,  e§q,  and  William  Lumb,  esq. 


he  was  aim  oil  instantly  thrown  off;  and, 
bit  bead  coming  in  contact  with  eome 
palings,  he  received  siurh  serioua  injuries 
as  to  cauie  bis  death  also  in  a  (ew 
hours. 

At  the  general  desire  of  tbe  regimenl, 
conveyed  to  the  Marquess  of  Downshire 
through  Lieut.- Colonel  Clarke,  command- 
ing tbe  Scots  Greys  t^ie  funeral  took 
pWe  at  Ip«wich  instead  of  the  family 
btirini'plaee  at  Eaiithnrnpitead,  Berks* 
The  Marquess  of  Downithire,  MarqiieAa 
of  Snlisbury,  Karl  of  EiillNborough,  Lord 
Sandys,  Lord  Edwin  Hill,  Viscount 
Holmesdftle,  Hon.  H.  H.  CJivc,  M.P., 
Colonel  Clive,  Capt.  the  Hon.  N.  Hood, 
Sir  W.  Middleton,  Bart.  ^*,  attended 
the  lunernl;  and  the  body  was  interredf 
with  all  mtlitnry  honours »  at  the  cburcll 
of  St  Mary  Tower. 


H  Wft9  m 


Load  V¥iluam  Uili.. 

March  le.  Ac  Bmmford  Park,  near 
Ipiwicb,  in  hrs  ifBth  year.  Lord  Wilbam 
Fmerick  Arthur  Mouiagiie  Hill,  Cap- 
Cain  in  the  Royal  Scots  Greys,  and  Aide- 
de-camp  to  the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ire- 
land. 

His  Lordship  was  born  July  10,  1826, 
the  second  son  of  Aithiir  present  and 
tllird  Marquess  of  Down*- hi  re,,  by  hndy 
Maria  Windsor,  eldest  diingiiter  of  Qlher- 
Hickman  5rh  Earl  of  Piy mouth.  He 
entered  the  43rd  Light  luiantry  in  the 
ipriRg  of  1 831,  at  Waierford  ;  and  accooi- 
panied  that  regiment  to  New  Brunswick, 
ID  tbe  month  of  June,  ih35.  He  was 
ftlio  present  and  marched  with  it  through 
that  arduouii,  dilficult,  and  unprecedented 
ma  r<!h  (cju^ept  t  h  e  1  ihU  h  Htg  I  m  e  n  t  i  n  I  b  H) , 
through  the  portage  from  FredrJcton  to 
Quebec,  during  a  Canadian  winter,  be- 
tween the  nthand28ib  December,  1837. 
His  commission  as  Lieutenant  was  diited 
2Ut  of  Oetubcr,  lb3(i;  hut  he  rt-mained 
and  did  duty  with  tbe  43rd  until  the  sum. 
mer  of  JB^  when  be  joined  tbe  Scots 
Grey*. 

Lord  William  Hill  met  his  death  iti 
Bramford  Park,  the  seat  of  the  I>owager 
Lady  Middleton,  while  proceeding  to  tbo 
bunt.  Having  mounted  bis  hor«c  about 
balf^past  twelve,  kh  lufd^hip  seemed  to 
have  dashed  with  his  well-known  boldness 
down  the  park.  At  the  bottom  of  a  hill 
there  is  a  pond,  and  in  endeavouring  to 
turn  the  horse  so  as  to  avoid  it,  the 
animal,  which  was  in  the  bighctt  state  of 
excitement,  bore  bis  lordship  ^vith  »o 
much  violence  against  a  large  tree,  a«  to 
knock  him  from  his  seat,  and  cause  in- 
ftttDt  death.  Tbe  horse  was  shortly  after* 
wards  mounted  by  a  youth  named  Palmer 
to  ride  bim  out  of  tbe  park,  but  the  horse 
was  in  eucb  an  tmcnaiiag^abie  state  that 


Don  AuousTiN  AaatiELtEB. 

AUrcA  f/3.  Aged  68«  Don  Augustin 
Arguelles. 

This  most  eminent  personage  of  the 
Spainsh  Revolution  was  born  in  the  A^tu^ 
rias  in  177^,  the  younger  son  of  a  noble 
family.  He  was  educated  in  the  umver. 
fiity  of  Oviedo,  and  proceeded  to  practise 
in  the  provincinl  court :  but,  finding  this 
f^phere  to  nnrrow,  he  betook  himself  to 
Madrid.  Too  young  for  legal  functions, 
he  became  employed  in  the  secretary's 
oJlice  tor  the  interpretation  of  foreign 
langnages,  from  which  post  be  was  taken 
and  sent  on  a  mission  to  Lisbon,  He 
ulterwards  went  to  London  on  a  diploma* 
tic  mission  of  a  similar  nature* 

He  was  at  Cadi^e  on  tbe  French  inva> 
siou  in  lb08,  and  wua  appointed  member 
of  the  Brst  D^rtes;  and  be  was  unani- 
moU!>ly  selected  as  the  per^n  to  draw  up 
the  Constitution,  i  his  document,  with 
bis  report  preceding  it,  are  both  too  fa- 
mous  to  need  being  characterised.  He 
w»s  rewarded,  like  other  patriots  in  1614, 
by  a  condemnation  to  the  galleys  at  Ceuta. 
The  tribunal  indeed  refused  to  sentefice 
him,  but  Ftrrdinand  VU.  volunteered  to 
ip^cnbe  the  licntence  with  bis  own  hand. 
Dunng  six  years  the  illustrious  Arguellei 
ptirtook  ot  the  labour  of  the  galley-slave- 
When  a  statue  i*  erected  by  his  country- 
men  to  their  greatest  name,  the  tetters  of 
AigncUes  will  prove  the  titte»t  decoration. 

The  revolution  of  I&20  bbcratcd  Ar- 
guelles,  and  opened  a  scene  (or  bis  elo- 
,  ,  .^       M    ^  M  *'        ^  -  nnd» 

'  ver 

_       _  i'TTU!* 

ticai  ot  the  thoroughiy  iibeml 

or     /  Ttfty.     But    the     French 

'  ii^h  those  liber* 

i  rbona  werv  OQi 


534 


Obituary.— 5iV  Henry  Hal/ord,  BarL 


[May, 


mi  eiilc  in  Eagland.  The  death  of  Fer- 
dinand again  opc>ni^d  to  htm  a  return  to 
h]»  country,  and  the  voice  of  Aiguellcs 
was  once  more  heard  in  his  native  Cortes, 
^ge  and  events  had  now  still  more  tem- 
pered bis  youtbful  ardour  %  and  though  a 
atern  opponent  of  Zea^s  despot itmo  illut- 
tradOf  as  well  as  of  Toreno's  aping  of  and 
Jeaningupon  Frunee^  iheriewis  of  Arguel- 
Igs  were  as  far  removed  from  \^'ild  repub- 
licanism as  from  the  servile  and  impracti- 
cable aim  of  setting  up  a  constitution  in 
the  likeness  of  absolutism. 

His  principles  and  partf  prevailed,  at- 
tained power,  enforced  ita  views  of  inter* 
nal  govern inent  in  the  constitution  of 
1837',  and  persevered  in  tliose  efTorta  which 
finally  expelled  Don  Carlos  and  his  party 
from  Spain.  But  it  is  seldom  that  the 
party  which  cooqyers  and  establishes  free- 
dom if  allowed  to  proOc  by  it.  The  mi  ■ 
norityofthe  Queen  gave  insecurity  to  the 
head  of  the  government,  and  the  Queen- 
mother,  who  bttd  adopted  n  line  of  govern- 
ment not  liberai  enough  to  please  the  citi* 
sen  class,  though  too  liberal  to  suit  the 
Legitimists,  fell  from  want  of  any  support 
in  any  class  or  party*  The  Liberals  tri- 
UEH^bedf  and,  in  want  of  better,  chose 
Espartero  to  be  Regent, 

His  elevation  displeased  the  more  am- 
bidous  and  younger  men  of  the  Liberal 
party  J  who  were  anxious  for  a  regency  of 
three^  and  for  thereby  leaving  open  many 
■venues  to  nmbition.  Argnellcs  was  one 
of  those  who  opposed  this  repetition  of 
the  French  triple  Consylate.  When  the 
Duke  of  Victory  became  Regent*  the  cure 
of  the  young  Queen's  person  and  edueation 
vras  entrusted  to  ArguelleSf  who  dismissed 
the  mere  courtier  tribe,  and  endeavoured 
to  accustom  the  infsnt  ear  of  royalty  to 
tome  other  hinguuge  than  the  whispers  of 
flattery  and  intrigue.  These  arrange- 
ments, more  than  all  else,  offended  the 
court  of  the  Tuileries,  and  the  overthrow 
of  Arguelles  and  Espurtero  became  the 
great  aim  and  effort  of  that  court  and  its 
iigcntf.  Nearly  three  years  were  taken  to 
effect  it.  An  attempt  to  carry  the  palace 
by  a  c*iup  de  main,  under  the  patronage  of 
the  French  t  hurg*  d'Air4ircs«  Pagcot^ 
failed*  Slower  modes  of  operation  were 
adopted.  More  than  a  score  journals 
were  founded  by  the  French  in  4Madrid 
and  in  the  provinces,  all  uttering  the  most 
nefarious  calumnies  against  England  and 
th«  Regent.  French  emissaries  circulated 
tbem  in  every  garrison  town,  und  insinu- 
ated themselves  into  every  oflScer's  mesa. 
Tti«  republican  party  at  Barcelona  and 
elsewhere  were  taken  into  pay;  the  poli- 
tical rival*  of  the  Regent  were  caioled,  and 
won  over  in  Paris  and  in  Madrid ;  aiid^ 
when  all  wu  rlpf  for  cxecutiOD,  the  bat- 


teries were  unmasked.  Bartwloua  again 
rose  in  insurrection.  Committees  were 
formed  at  Perpignan  and  Bayonne, 
Money  in  great  abundiince  was  forwarded 
from  Paris,  whibt  the  funds  which  the 
Regent  expected  from  hankers  there  were 
cut  off.  Jn  short,  the  conspiracy  suc- 
ceeded. The  Uuke  of  Victory  was  driven 
from  the  kingdom,  and  Arguclles,  ap- 
pointed  tutor  by  n  decree  of  the  Cortes, 
was  deprived  of  his  office  by  the  simple 
order  of  General  Narvaez.  In  the  tew 
months  which  have  since  elapsed  ArgueL 
les  lived  retired  ;  he  saw^  the  interment 
of  the  constitution  by  Narvaex ;  and  might 
B^y,  with  Grattan,  he  had  watched  over 
the  cradle  of  bis  country's  liberties,  and 
had  followed  them  to  the  grave. — Morning 
Chronicle. 

The  funeral  of  Argue  lies  took  place  at 
Madrid  on  the  25th  of  March.  The  muL 
tifudes  that  assembled  and  accompained 
his  remains  in  solemn  procession  to  the 
tomb,  have  no  parallel  in  the  anoals  of 
that  capital.  Itwas  an  almost  universal 
tribute  to  the  memory  of  a  man  whose 
name  had  never  been  sullied  with  intrigues 
for  place,  power,  or  wealth.  As  guai^ian 
to  the  royal  children,  during  the  regeocy 
of  Espartero,  he  was  entitled  to  above 
H.tXK)/.  a  year.  Of  this  he  would  only 
accept  the  tenth  part,  and  at  his  death 
just  22  dollars  w^cre  found  in  bis  house, 
and  old  claims  on  the  Government  for 
7,000  dollars.  All  that  the  Ntraido  could 
find  as  matter  of  reproach  against  Arguel. 
les  was,  that,  beittg  a  bachelor,  he  waa 
unfit  to  exercise  a  fatherly  care  over  the 
royal  orphans ;  and«  further,  that  he  had 
no  merit  in  refusing  nine-tentht  of  his 
salary^  *  for  he  cleaned  bis  own  boots  and 
had  no  wants.*  Would  that  Spain  had 
left  a  few  more  honest  shoe- blacks,  to  pitt 
to  the  blush  the  hordes  of  adventuren^ 
political  and  military,  who  degrade  her  in 
the  eyes  of  Europe !  As  the  Queen* 
Mother  was  making  her  triumphal  entry 
into  the  capital,  a  partisan  rode  up  to  her 
carriage  with  the  *  joyful  news— the  happy 
coincidence — the  hand  of  Providence  dis- 
played in  the  death  of  her  enemy,  Ar- 
guelles/  *  Hush!  •  caid  Maria  CbriKtina^ 
*  do  rtot  let  the  children  hear  it,  for  they 
loved  him  I  * 


I 


Sir  Heniiy  HALFoar>,  Bart. 

Marrh  0,  In  Curxon -street,  in  hia 
78ih  year,  Sir  Henry  Halford,  Bart., 
G.C.H.,  M.D.,  Physician  in  Ordinary  to 
her  Majesty,  and  Physician  to  their  Koyal 
Highnesses  the  Duchess  of  Gloucester 
and  Princess  Sophia*  President  of  the  Col- 
leffc  of  Physicians,  F.R,S,,  and  F.S.A,, 
a  Trustee  of  Rugby  School,  &c.  &e* 

He  was  bocn  Oct#  %  il^t  th«  tecood 


1844.] 


OBiTUARY.~Sir  /Tettry  Halford,  Bart. 


536 


son  of  Jolin  Vaugliarir  M.D«  of  Leicester, 
bf  He&ter;  »ecortd  daiigbier  of  iMr,  Jolm 
Smnlley,  alderman  of  tbiit  town,  by  EHza. 
bet!i»  daughter  uf  Sir  Ricbard  Hiilford,  of 
Wbtow,  CO.  Leicester,  Bart,  His  fiitber 
w«s  Physician  to  the  Lticcsiter  Infirmiry. 
and  the  author  of  some  *'  Observations 
on  Hydrt>phobiu,"on  the  "  CBcaarenn  Sec 
tion,"  and  on  the  **  Effects  of  Cantbu- 
rides  in  Pariilytic  AffecCiorts."  He  wus 
the  son.  of  on  auctioneer,  and  had  acquired 
»  moderate  fortoue  in  his  profession i 
wbich  mi^bt  possibly  have  enabled  him 
to  have  left  at  bis  death  IO,O0<)/,  anaonj? 
bis  ehildrcn.  But  be  preferred  to  expend 
bis  own  fortune  in  proem  in g  the  best 
ediicution  for  his  sons,  trusting  tbat  they 
would  reap  the  harvest  by  their  future  sue- 
cej;s  in  their  respective  professions.  This 
plan  was  fully  successful,  and  Sir  Henry 
was  enabled  to  assist  bis  worthy  pnrent 
with  an  annuity  of  300/*  during  the  latter 
years  of  his  life. 

The  sons  were  educated  nt  Rugby,  Sir 
Henry  and  bis  three  neit  brothers  were 
alt  at  Oxford  at  the  same  time;  the 
youngest  went  to  Cambridge. 

Sir  Henry*s  next  brother,  the  late  Sir 
John  Vaughan,  rose  to  be  a  Baroii  of  the 
Exchequerr  and  afterwards  a  Justice  of 
the  Common  Fleas;  and  died  a  Privy 
Councillor  in  1839.  A  noemoir  of  him, 
communicated  by  Sir  Henry  Hulfordi  will 
be  found  in  our  vol.  XI L  p.  64S. 

The  next  brother,  the  Very  Rev.  Peter 
Vttughnnj  D.D.,  was  Dean  of  Chester, 
and  Wiirden  of  Morton  College,  Oxford. 
He  died  in  1826, 

The  Right  Hon.  Sir  Charles  Richard 
Vaugban,  G.C»H.,  late  Envoy  extraor. 
dinary  to  the  United  States  of  America^ 
atiti  survives. 

The  youngest  son,  the  Rev.  Edward 
Vaugban,  was  the  roerttoiious  and  very 
popular  VietrofSt.  Martin's,  Leicester. 
He  left  a  family,  some  of  whom  have 
distinguished  theitiselves. 

Sir  Henry  Vaughan  was  entered  at 
Hiigby  School  with  his  elder  brother 
James  (who  died  young)  on  the  ^^th 
Joly»  177i,  He  proceeded  from  Rugby 
to  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  where  he  ^ra- 
dtiated  M,A.  June  17,  1778,  ALB.  Jan. 
li,  1790,  and  M.H,  Oct.  27,  179L  He 
subtequently  studied  for  some  time  at 
Kdinhuri^b. 

In  1794^  at  the  age  of  26^  being  elected 
a  Fellow  of  the  (Allege  of  Physicians^  be 
settled  in  London,  By  the  recommenda- 
tion of  Dr,  Hail,  of  Oxford,  he  consulted 
Sir  George  Baker  on  his  future  pro^pccts^ 
iind  was  told  that  be  stood  little  chance 
iti  the  metropolis  for  live  years,  during 
which  time  he  must  continue  to  support 
bimsetf  from  other  Baurce,<^^  ut  the  rate  of 


about  500/.  a  year.  With  this  intention 
(and  the  alternative,  in  case  of  failure,  of 
returning  to  Leicester,  to  take  his  father's  I 
position^)  he  borrowed  1,000/.  (for  vvhicb  { 
be  paid  2,000/,  in  principal  and  intereit  j 
in  the  course  of  a  fcwye&rt^),  and  on  thai] 
capitftl  tried  his  fortune.  Sir  Henry  wu  \ 
much  gratifiedf  in  after  life,  by  being  in» 
formed  by  the  Rev*  Dr.  Valpy,  of  R«ad« 
ing,  that  the  celi^bratcd  Dr.  Warren  had  I 
predicted  on  Dr.  V^aughan's  coming  to  I 
town  that  he  would  rise  to  the  bead  of  I 
his  profession.  The  first  year  big  receipts  ] 
were  200/.,  the  second  year  the  same  sunii  I 
the  third  year  3jO/.,  the  next  500/.,  tbt] 
next  750f.,  the  next  1,000/.,  and  then] 
progreaaivety  more  and  more,  until  bit  I 
appointment,  about  IB — ,  to  be  Physidaig  [ 
to  King  George  the  Tlird,  when  insane^  \ 
in  conjunction  with  Dr.  Bail  lie.  The  two  j 
doctors  travelled  to  Windsor  together  f  I 
and  in  the  chaise  compared  notes  as  to] 
their  relative  success^  when  Dr*  Bail  lie's  I 
last  annual  receipts  were  £>,600/.,  and  Sif  ] 
Henry  HbI ford's  l>,,300/. 

When   the    King's   first   insanity   oc*{ 
curred,  the  Queen's  councillors  bad,  bi'l 
Tfirtue  of  their  oflBce,  the  nomination  off 
the  person  to  whose  care  the  Sovereign^ 
under  such  unhappy  circumstances,  sbouM 
be  committed  j  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Willis,  I 
whose  experience  in  in^Ernnity  bud  been  I 
great,  was  selected.     It  is  said  tbat  Df,  j 
Willis's  treatment  in  the  tinit  two  til*  I 
nesses  had  made  a  lasting  inopressioa  iftJ 
the  monarch's  mind,  ond  that  he  could] 
never,  after  his  restoration  to  health,  heaf  I 
the  name  of  Dr.  Willis  mentioned  without  1 
experiencing  a  shudder,  and  suffering  aoj 
agony  \vhich  was  visible  to  all  around»| 
During  Sir  Henry's  attendance,  ibereforepl 
on  the  Princess  Amelia,  his  Majesty  de-1 
sired  him,  in  case  of  bis  Majesty  expe« 
riencing  a  relapse  of  hts  malady,  to  tako 
care  of  him,  adding  that  Sir  Henry  n]Ut|| 
promise  never  to  leave  him,  and  that,  ifl 
be  wanted  further  help,  he  should  calil 
Dr.   Heberdcn,  and,  in  ease  of  funherl 
need,  which  would  necessarily  occur 
ParUament    took    up    the    matter,    Dr.^ 
Baillie.     The  introduction  of  these  phy- 
sicians when  his  Majesty  became  ill  again, 
which  he  did  very  soon  after,  conciliated 
the  confidence   of  the   Queen  and  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  who  added  the  name  of 
Sir  Henry  to  the  list  of  his  Physicians  in 
Ordinary.     This  confidence  wiis  conti- 
nued when  the  Prince  became  George  the 
Fourth,  and  thence  descended  to  William 
the  Fourth, and  to  Queen  Vicfori.!.  Thus 
Sir  Henry  Halford  wa*  Physician  to  four 
successive   sovereigns,  an  honour   n**vtT 
conferred    on    any    previous    pbyptician* 
Three  of  them  be  attended  in  their  last 
iUnetsea. 


536 


OBiTfyABT.— Sir  Henry  Raifnrd,  Bmt. 


CMit' 


Almost  cfcrr  member  of  the  Roytl 
Family,  frnm  the  time  of  Ocorgp  111. 
bas  been  iiiiHer  tbe  rare  of  Sir  Henry. 
Hii  attentiofift  to  the  Duke  of  York  during 
bis  lant  ill  I  CM  were  *o  remarkably  unre- 
mittini^,  that,  to  manifest  tbe  >ense  enter- 
tained of  tbem,  he  received  by  royal  war- 
rant  a  grant  of  armorial  augmentations 
snd  supporters.  His  arms  were  previ- 
ously,  Argpur,  a  greyhound  pa«sanc  sable, 
on  a  chief  asurc  three  fleura  de  lis  or.  For 
tbe  centre  fleur  de  lis  was  substituted  a 
raae  argent,  and  in  further  sormentation 
was  added,  on  a  canton  ermine  a  staff 
entwined  with  a  serpent  proper,  and  en- 
signed  with  a  coronet  composed  of  croftses 
pat6e  and  tleurfi  de  li^  (being  that  of  a 
Prince  of  the  Hlood  Hoyal).  Asa  crest 
of  augmentation,  a  KtHfT  entwint  d  with  a 
aer})ent  or,  ax  on  the  canton.  As  «up. 
portent,  two  emew*  proper,  each  gorgrd 
with  a  coronet  composed  of  crosties  patfo 
and  tteunt  de  lis. 

Dr.  Vaughan  was  created  a  Baronet 
by  patent  dated  27th  Sept.  1809.  In 
1815,  after  the  death  of  Surah,  CouiitCM 
of  Denbigh,  the  widow  of  Sir  (.-hiirles 
Halford,  Bart.,  of  Wivtow,  (the  last  male 
beir  of  that  family,  and  who  died  in 
1780,)  he  took  the  name  and  arms  of 
Hal  ford  by  Act  of  Purliument.  Being 
In  the  receipt  of  so  large  a  professional 
income,  he  expended  for  many  years  tbe 
whole  produce  of  his  estates  upon  their 
Inprovement,  and  afterwards  settled  bis 
•on  and  heir  upon  them. 

He  was  firat  elected  President  of  the 
College  of  Phynicinns  in  l8:i?U,  and  had 
been  reelected  in  every  subsequent  year. 
"By  rirtue  of  that  office  he  whs  a  trustee 
or  tbe  BritiKh  Museum.  On  the  25th 
June,  1H25,  the  new  College  of  Phy. 
•icians  in  Pall  Mall  Kast  whh  opened, 
and  Sir  Henry  delivered  an  oration  on 
tbe  occasion  in  the  presence  of  the  Dukes 
of  York  and  Sussex,  and  msny  persons  of 
the  highest  distinction.  This  was  the 
most  splendid  meeting  ever  held  by  the 
College,  and  an  elegtint  collation  was  pro- 
Tided  for  the  numerous  assemblage  at  Sir 
Henry's  expense.  The  oration  which, 
like  the  Harveian,  was  composed  in 
Latin,  is  distinguished  by  the  purity  of  its 
style,  and  is  particularly  raluable  as  af- 
fording the  testimony  of  tbe  President, 
and  of  Dr.  ikillic,  to  the  religious  cha- 
racter .:Md  opinions  of  tbe  medical  pro- 

fessio:;. 

Oil  (ii:it  day  Sir  Henrv  Halford  re- 
ceived from  King  George  the  Fourth  the 
■tar  of  a  Knight  Commander  of  the 
Guelphic  Order ;  and  William  the  Fourth 
aubsequently  promoted  him  to  be  a  Grand 
Cross. 

Upon  1  he  decease  of  George  the  Fourtii, 
11 


a  ftry  splendid  doek,  aorauMnrtcd  by*  m 
bast  of  his  Majesty,  was  presented  to  ma 
by  the  Royal  Family,  in  proof,  as  tlw  n- 
scnption  states,  *'  of  tbeir  eataeoi  aai 
regard,  and  in  testimony  of  the  bigb  aeoee 
they  entertain  of  bis  profaasional  afaiiwiea 
and'  unwearied  attention  to  tbeir  late  be- 
loved sister  the  Prineeaa  Amelia,  Her 
late  Majesty  Queen  Charlotte,  Hia  Uts 
Majesty  King  George  the  Third.  Hia  lata 
Roral  Highness  tbe  Duke  of  York,  ani 
lastly  of  bis  Mi^esty  King  QeoffBo  tiw 
Fourth." 

As  a  physician  Sir  Henry  Halfori  wm 
a  faYOunte  with  all  classes,  and  eBfoyed 
in  a  remarkable  degree  tbe  eonfidenee  of 
bis  patients.  In  consultation  be  was  mock 
regarded  by  his  profession.il  bretbren  on 
account  of  the  quickness  of  his  perreptioih 
the  soundness  of  his  judgment,  and  the 
readiness  and  abundance  of  bis  i 


In  society  he  was  prised,  for  to  stroM 
ruituml  iijgacity  and  good  sense  be  added 
the  charm  of  a  highly  classical  taate,  aod 
considerable  literary  attainoscnts.  la 
temper  and  disposition  be  was  reouirkablv 
sociable  and  kind-hearted;  and,  tboigh 
irritable,  was  placable  and  forgiving. 

lie  was  proud  of  his  literary  proda^ 
tions,  which  he  reprinted  more  than  oaee. 
They  were  as  follow :  **Oratio  Hanreiaa% 
habiu  18  Oct.  1800,**  4to.  *'An  accoant 
of  what  appeared  on  opening  tbe  cofin  of 
King  Charles  the  First  in  St.  (}eofge*i 
Chapel,  Windsor,  in  the  presence  of  tbe 
Prince  Regent,  i813,*'4to.  The  origiaal 
manuscript  of  this  is  deposited  in  tbe 
British  MuKeum  authenticated  by  tbe  aig» 
nature  of  the  Prince  Regent.  It  la  re- 
printed in  the  Gentleman*s  Magaiine  for 
May,  1813. 

In  1831  Sir  Henry  published  his  Essays 
and  Orations  in  a  smull  volume.  The 
essays  are  on  the  following  subjeota: 
1.  the  Climacteric  Disease.  2.  Tbe 
necessity  of  caution  in  the  estimation  of 
systoms  in  the  Inst  steps  of  some  diseaaea. 
3.  The  Tic  Douloureux.  1.  Sbakspere'a 
Test  of  Insanity  (in  Hamlet,  .\ce  IIL 
8e.  4).  5.  The  Influence  of  some  of  tbe 
Diseases  of  the  Body  on  the  Mind.  6. 
The  Kflnwor  of  Aretciis,  now  called  the 
Brain  Ferer.  And  he  afterwards  published 
four  other  papers  read  at  the  College,  Oa 
tbe  Treatment  of  the  Gout ;  On  Phleg- 
OMsia  Doiens  ;  On  the  Treatment  of  In- 
sanity,  particularly  the  Moral  Treatment ; 
and.  On  the  Deaths  of  some  illustrious 
Persons  of  Antiquity.  In  1834  be  pub- 
lished a  paper.  On  the  Education  and 
Conduct  or  a  Physician ;  and  in  1835, 
another,  On  the  Deaths  of  some  Eminent 
Persons  of  Modern  Times.  Abstracts 
of  all  these  essays  will  be  found  in  Petti. 
gtew*8  Portrait  Gallery,  to  which  we  aia 


1844.] 


OniTuxMY^^Lieui^Gen.  Sir  G,  H,  B.  Woy. 


indebted  for  valtmble  aid  in  the  present 
memoir. 

In  IB35  he  agiin  delivered  the  Hnr. 
veimi  Oration,  in  cotiso^iucticeof  the  deitth 
of  Sir  George  TutliiU,  who  bad  been 
Appointed  to  ibjit  honourmbie  function. 
This  orution  contains  merited  tributes  to 
tbe  memoirs  of  Df,  Muton,  Dr,  Ain«iiet 
and  Dr.  PowelL 

Sir  Henry  was  uttiicfaed  to  the  com  po- 
sition of  Latin  poetry^  tome  specimens  of 
which  have  appeared  in  our  pages.  His 
evidence  on  various  «ubjeet«  given  before 
Committees  of  tbe  Houst^s  ol  pHrliument 
wiJI  be  found  in  the  printed  Kepurts. 

The  beat  portrait  of  Sir  Henry  Hal  ford 
is  by  Sir  Tboma!i  Laurence,  Another 
by  H.  Room  is  engraved  by  J.  Cochran 
IbiaB  in  Pettigrcw's  Medical  Portrait 
Gallery. 

Sir  Henry  Hal  ford  married,  March  31, 
1795,  the  Hon.  Elizabeth  St.  John,  third 
daughter  ot  John  eleventh  Lord  St.  John 
of  Bletgoe;  and  by  thiit  My,  whodted 
June  17,  lb3:j,  he  had  issue  one  daughter 
Louisa,  married  in  1819  to  Frederick 
Coventry,  esq.  cousin  to  the  Earl  of 
Coventry,  and  has  i^tue ;  and  one  son, 
now  8ir  Henry  Haltord,  born  in  1797, 
and  one  of  the  present  members  for  South 
Leicestershire.  The  present  Baronet 
rtuuried,  in  18'i4,  his  couiin  Barbara, 
daughterof  Sir  John  Vaughan,  by  Augusta 
second  daughter  ot  Henry  twelfth  Lord 
St.  John  of  Bletfioe,  but  has  iasue  a 
daughter  only,  born  in  1825. 

LiKvr.-QEH,  Sir  G,  H.  B.  Way. 

Fkb,  19.  At  Brighton,  aged  07, 
Lieutenant' General  Sir  Gregory  HoU 
man  Bromley  Way,  Knt.  CJ.B.  CoJonet 
of  the  First  West  India  Regiment. 

He  was  the  fifth  son  of  Benjamin  Way, 
esq.  of  Detibam  Plaee,  Bucket,  and  Eliza, 
bcth  Anne,  eldest  daughter  of  llev. 
Willinm  Cooke,  D.D.  Provost  of  King's 
College,  Cttmbridge,  and  was  bom  in 
London,  December  28,  1 776.  He  entered 
tbiUiDf  in  1797,  as  Ensign  in  the  26ch  or 
OuDtmiiian  Regiment  of  Foot,  and  waa 
apturad  by  a  French  Privateer  on  hit 
ptMMt  to  join  that  corps  in  Canada ;  he 
WW  datiiiied  priaoner  in  France  during 
a  year  and  a  half,  and  tiUimately  regained 
bis  liberty  by  exchange.  The  3rd  Nov. 
1709,  he  procured  a  Lieiitcnancy  iu  the 
35tb  Foot,  and  with  that  corps  served  two 
yesra  in  iha  Mediterranean,  being  engag««d 
al  tin  ttegt  of  Vnletta  and  CHpture  of 
Malta  from  the  French.  The  ^>th  J4JI. 
1603,  he  obtainetl  a  company  in  the  5th 
Foot,  and,  after  serving  in  the  Channel 
Ifilands,  sailed  with  his  regiment  as  part 
of  an  ezpediitiuit  under  Lord  Catheart  to 
the  Eiba,  but,  tbe  vessel  being  wrecked 

Gent.  Ma(j*  Vol..  XXI. 


537 


off  the  Texel,  he  was  taken  prisoner  by 
the  Dutch.  On  his  exr^"""'  ^'  '^'*rved 
in  the  expedition  to  Bii<  and 

the  Ctpe  de  Verd,  with  ncral 

E.  Craufurd,  and  sub«c<|uefaty  went  to 
St.  Helena,  tbe  Cape  ot  Good  Hope 
and  South  America.  He  served  aa 
Assistant  Quartermaster. General  ro  tbe 
forces  under  Lieut.- Gen.  Wniteloeke, 
and  at  I  he  storming  of  Buenos  Ayres  led 
the  righr  win^  of  the  inUntry  brigade. 
Tbe  ^5th  Feb.  \%m,  he  obtained  a 
majority  in  the  3tf9th  Foot,  and  proceeded 
forthwith  to  Portijg»«l,  in  which  country 
as  well  U6  in  8|ij»in  his  rFgiraent  highly 
distinguished  itseU.  He  served  under 
Sir  Brent  Spencer  off  Cadiz,  and  thence 
proceeded  to  iotn  the  army  under  the 
Duke  of  Wd Iington  in  Portugal.  He 
was  present  at  tbe  battles  of  Hob9i4,  when, 
on  gaining  the  plateau  with  a  tew  men 
and  officers  of  his  regiment^  Major  Way 
hud  the  blade  of  his  sword  shot  away  al 
the  hilt,  and  the  smtiU  (»irty  being  at  the 
same  moment  charged  by  the  eocmy,  he 
was  rescuf  d  trum  the  bayonet  of  a  French 
grenadier  by  the  hum.^ntty  of  (fcnerul 
Brenier.   He  gub*ic*^ucrlll> .  'dthe 

light  infantry  of  Al4ijor-(»  ^  trt's 

brigHdti,   which    led    the   H<.ir.ir i    the 

British  army  in  tbe  actions  of  the  lOtb, 
nth,  and  I'icb  ol  May,  at  the  pannage 
of  the  Douro,  capture  of  Oporto,  and 
subsequent  rerreat  of  SouJt^s  army. 
He  was  present  in  the  bit  ties  ot  th« 
27th  tod  tttb  of  July,  at  I  alavera,  and 
engaged  in  the  action  on  the  hiU  conii* 
manding  the  left  of  tbe  British  pokitiun, 
which  was  so  gallantly  carrted  at  the 
point  of  the  bayonet  by  the  29th  regtment, 
on  the  l^7th,  and  defended  on  the  morn- 
ing of  the  iJbtli  against  a  body  of  eOUO , 
French  grenadiers,  who  attempted  to  re- 
gain it,  but  was  repulsed  by  the  3?9ih  and 
48th  regiments^  He  xma  prenent  aUaui  tho 
battle  of  Albuera.in  I8U,  and  on  the  tall 
of  bis  Lieut..  Colonel  succeeded  to  tb# 
command  of  the  ?9ih  during  the  actioni 
for  which  he  had  tbe  honour  of  rereivin|f 
A  medal.  In  the  tnidvt  of  Ibis  nclioUi 
during  which  the  British  force  suffered 
severely,  7U)0  men  being  oppo««d  to 
^i.UtX)  of  the  beat  troops  of  the  erremy, 
be  was  shot  through  the  body,  and  his  lell 
arm  fracmred  by  a  mu»ket.»hot  at  tho 
shoulder  joint.  The  30th  ot  May  iMl  I  I 
fvcc-ived  the  rank  of  Lieutenant -Colonel* 

On  hisrcturuiji''  :'  - ..i.»t,..  .l*j«.((,h 

of  tbe  ir9th.  re.1  r»v« 

men,  Colonel  \S^  ition 

re«formed  thecoi  p>,i*iuUttiU*4  k^'i  iiiM.cond 
time  for  the  Peninsula,  in  tHi:i.  But 
the  heat  of  the  climate,  at>d  the     '"  f 

the  severe  wounds  he  had  rerti 
bis  return  tu  England  indispctiBikl/'- .     - 1.-* 


538 


OBiTVAVLY'^Via'Admiral  Dickson* 


[May, 


Mi^esty  Georg^e  IV.  conferred  on  him  the 
honour  of  knighthood,  and  appointed  him 
in  1814  Companion  of  the  Bath,  with 
permission  to  wear  the  Order  of  the 
Tower  and  Sword  presented  to  him  b^ 
the  King  of  Portugal.  Shortly  after  his 
return  he  was  appointed  to  the  Staff  in 
North  Britain,  as  Deputy  Adjutant- 
General,  and,  on  that  office  being  abolished 
in  1822,  wasnamed  Colonelof  the  3d  Roval 
Veteran  Battalion,  which  was  disbanded 
three  years  subsequently.  On  the  ac- 
eession  of  William  IV.  in  1830,  he  was 
imised  to  the  rank  of  Major- General,  and 
to  that  of  Lieutenant.  General,  23  Noy. 
1841 ,  on  the  birth  of  the  Prince  of  Wales. 
On  the  21st  Nov.  1843,  he  was  gazetted 
to  tlie  Colonelcy  of  the  first  West  India 
Regiment 

Lieut..  General  Wav  married,  Mav  19, 
1815,  Marianne,  daughter  of  John  Wey- 
land,  esq.  of  Woodeaton,  Oxfordshire, 
and  Wooidrising,  Norfolk,  b^  whom  he 
bu  left  no  iuue.  His  remains  were  in. 
tarred  in  the  family  vault  in  the  church 
of  Denham,  Buckinghamshire. 

VicE-ApuiRAL  Dickson. 

Jan.  28.  Vice- Admiral  Edward  Stir- 
line  Dickson. 

He  entered  the  royal  navy  in  1772,  in 
bis  7th  year,  and  was  present  in  the 
Acteon  at  the  attack  of  Charleston, 
where  she  was  destroyed  by  the  batteries 
of  Sullivan's  Island,  under  which  she 
grounded.  Having  been  transferred  to 
the  Bristol,  he  was  at  the  capture  of  New 
York,  and  afterwards  joined  the  Eolus, 
in  which  he  assisted  at  the  capture  of  the 
Prudentt,  French  frigate.  In  1780  he 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant 
at  the  very  early  age  of  15,  and  appointed 
to  the  Artois  a  captured  frigate.  In  the 
Sampson  he  assisted  at  the  relief  of  Gib- 
iiltar ;  and  he  was  wounded  on  the  glo- 
rious first  of  June,  while  second  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Caesar,  which  led  the  van. 
In  the  West  Indies,  while  commanding 
the  Frederick  cutter,  he  beat  off  a  pri- 
vateer of  very  superior  force,  which  gained 
bis  promotion  as  Commander  of  the  Vic- 
torieuse.  When  stationed  off  Trinidad, 
be  suggested  to  Admiral  Sir  H.  Harvey 
the  facility  of  capturing  that  island,  and 
led  in  the  fleet  which  reduced  this  im- 
portant colony  in  1797.  In  convoying 
the  trade  to  St.  Kitt*s  he  encountered  off 
Guadaloupe  two  Republican  privateers 
who  laid  him  alongside,  one  of  which  he 
captured,  and  the  other  escaped.  He 
took  the  towns  of  Camipano  and  Rio 
Caribe,  on  the  Spanish  main,  destroying 
their  fortifications ;  and,  while  boarding  a 
privateer  protected  bv  them,  he  was 
again  severely  wounded  in  the  head.  The 


immortal  Picton,  then  Governor  of  Tri- 
nidad, with  the  English  inhabitants,  ac- 
knowledged these  services  by  presenting 
him  with  a  sword  worth  100  guineas, 
while  Earl  Spencer  rewarded  him  bv  hit 
promotion  to  Post  rank.  In  1804  he 
re-captured  in  the  Inconstant  the  island 
of  Goree,  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  with  a 
garrison  of  300  men ;  and  in  the  same 
ship,  on  the  Gumsey  station,  commanded 
a  squadron  for  blockade  of  St.  Malo.  In 
1800  he  was  sent  out  in  her  to  the  Isle 
of  France  station,  but  unfortunately 
grounded  to  the  northward  of  the  Cape 
of  Good  Hope,  by  an  unusual  set  of  the 
currents;  he  repaired  the  damage  by 
heaving  her  keel  out  in  Table  Bay,  and 
righting  her  when  the  swell  set  in,  and 
this  for  several  consecutive  days,'  a  feat  of 
seamanship  denounced  as  impracticable 
by  Commissioner  Shield,  the  success  of 
which,  however,  drew  forth  from  Admiral 
Bertie  his  admiration  in  public  orders  to 
the  officers  and  ship's  company. 

In  the  Stately  he  commanded  the 
naval  forces  at  the  siege  of  Tarifia,  and 
received  the  thanks  of  the  Admiralty. 
Admiral  Penrose,  who  at  Gibraltar  wH- 
nessed  the  operations,  at  a  time  of  tba 
year  ^nerally  severe,  but  which  dnrioK 
the  siege  vras  uncommonly  boitterooa. 
thus  estimated  them :  **  You  have  had 
to  contend  against  obstacles  too  roanj  to 
enumerate  in  a  letter,  but  iuffident  to 
call  forth  the  most  ardent  seal  and  tll9 
most  skilful  seaman »hip»  and  the  result 
has  proved  that  you  have  miide  use  of 
both  in  an  eminent  dL^grce*  as  neitht^r  a 
moment's  time  nor  a  tnjin':i  life  ha«  hten 
lost.'*  This  arduous  mid  nrtJEiciiis  »crviee 
procured  him  the  command  o^  the  Swift- 
sure,  a  line-of-battk  gbip,  under  Ijord 
Exmouth,  at  the  blockade  of  Toulon, 
where  he  formed  frequently  one  of  the 
in-shore  squadron ,  irbich  continuaMyi 
under  the  batteries,  bsffled  all  attempts  of  | 
the  French  fleet  to  escape* 

In  the  Rivoli,  on  tUe  escape  of  Kn* 
poleon  from  Elba,  be  wm  mo«t  4ctiv«iy  J 
employed    in    the    Mediterrfinettti  ;    h«j 
blockaded    Naples,    and,  observing    the  I 
Joachim  and  Capri  lifie-of-battle  shipit  aij 
anchor  in  the  bay,  under  the  Fort  of  3t«.T 
Elmo,  determined,  aher  consulting  Mn 
J.  M.  Davison,  his  master,  to  run  abn|f* 
side  the   outermost,  end  carry   her  by  . 
boarding ;  for  this  ptjrposc  be  went    in 
with  a  favourable  wind,  but  to  bis  suia  | 
prise  found  that  both  ^ibip^,  appri  bend  log 
his  intentions,  had  6bt*tter«d  the  insGlrj 
inside  the  mole.    With  i 


he  prevented  the  escape  of  Niohii 
mother  and  sister  Panlioe  fimo  Om 
Mare,  who,  embarked  in  Vi 
were  ther^  awaitiqg  that 


1841*  ]    Major-Gefteral  Nedltam* — Mojor-General  Gooimafit  CM,    539 

of  June,  1803,  received  ii  mnjority  in  thu 
18th  foot.  Thp  28th  of  Augu^r,  18U4, 
he  WE»  a£pointed  Lfieutenant- Colonel  oi' 
tbe  t2ch  Battalion  of  Reserve;  ihe  Jath 
of  May,  1805,  be  was  removed  to  the  3rd, 
afterwards  the  1st  Garriiion  Battalion. 
The  4th  of  June,  1BI3,  he  obtained  the 
brevet  of  Colonel ;  thatof  Major-Geneml 
the  I2th  of  August,  1819;  and  was  ap. 
pointed  Colonel  of  the  4th  Royal  Vetermn 
Battalion,  on  that  corps  being  formed, 
the  20th  of  November  following.  Major- 
General  Ned  hum's  last  foreign  service 
was  with  the  1st  Garrisou  Battalion  at 
Malta. 


Ibus  intercepted  attd  captured  at  bis  o\rn 
risk,  after  a  Hpirited  resistance,  the  Mel- 
pomene frigate,  bearing  the  tri-coloni^ed 
flag  sent  by  Napoleon  to  convey  them  to 
France,  an  act  of  hostility  in  time  of 
peace  censured  by  Niipoleon,  but  wbicb 
our  government  approved  by  giving  her 
as  a  prize  to  the  cnptort.  He  then  took 
command  oftbe  expedition  against  Naples, 
under  General  M'Furlane,  which ,  be- 
calmed on  the  Calabrlan  shore,  and  wel- 
comed by  the  peasantry  (ever  hostile  to 
the  French  conscription  and  government,) 
by  bonliresi  thuu  apprised  Murat  of  the 
tmpending  danger  of  bi^  dynastryi  and 
nroduced  hh  immediate  surrender  to  the 
rrt'inendoiiSj  C-aptain  Camphell, 

Selected  by  Lord  Kxmoiith  at  Naples, 
Capt.  Dickson  commanded  the  expedition 
against  the  fortress  of  Porto  Ferrajo,  and 
tbusi  reducing  the  Island  of  Elba,  had,  as 
recorded  by  the  hlstonati  Jume»,  the 
Ningukr  honour  of  striking  the  Jirst  and 
last  tri  .coloured  f!flg  of  the  hundred  days* 
war.  He  was  sobsef|uently  employed  on 
a  diplomatic  miB»ion  to  Tunis,  and  re^ 
turned  to  England  with  his  prize.  In 
lB3t  he  was  appointed  to  the  Ganges,  of 
60  gun»,  at  Portsmouth,  where  he  re- 
cm  ved  the  rank  of  Rear- Admiral,  which 
terminated  his  active  service* 

Like  many  of  tbe  veterans  of  the  old 
fchool,  Hear. Admiral  Dickson  carved 
out  his  estate  by  his  own  swotd  and 
energies,  but  bis  early  exploits,  being  pre- 
vious to  tbe  peace  of  Amiens  and  the 
Peninsula  campuigns^  were  subject  to  the 
«t tinge nt  rules  of  exclusion,  thereby  dc* 
barring  him  and  mauy  others  of  those 
decorative  honours  to  which  they  were 
BO  pr<>- eminently  entitled. 

Major.  Geneilal  Nedham. 

Fei.  13.  At  Worthing,  aged  74,  Major- 
General  William  Nt-dham,  late  Colonel 
of  ihe  4tb  Vct<;rau  Battalion. 

This  officer  entered  the  service  tbe  24th 
of  May,  1780,  as  un  Ensign  in  the  37th 
foot.  On  the  5?4th  Aug.  following  be 
was  removed  to  tbe  17th  foot,  and  in 
Sept.  1788  be  ohtainid  a  Lieutenancy  in 
the  same  corps.  He  served  on  board  the 
Colossus  in  Lord  Howe's  fleet  as  a  marine 
for  six  months,  and  suWquently  pro- 
ceeded with  his  regiment  to  the  West 
Indies.  In  July  17&t  he  purchased  a 
company  in  the  17th  foot,  from  which  he 
was  transferred  to  the  130th.  From  17!I6 
to  1600  be  was  on  half  pny,  but  during 
this  period  i^erved  as  a  Brigade* Major  on 
the  staff  in  Ireland.  Jn  July  INOO  he 
was  appointed  to  a  majority  in  the  9th 
Ligbt  Dragoons  ;  in  1802  be  was  ognin 
on  half  pay;  in  1603  be  served  on  the 
itafi'  of  tbe  Susfl«i  diithct ;  «Dd  the  9tb 


Major-Gen.  Goodman,  C.B. 

Jan,  2,  In  British  Guiana,  Major* 
General  Stephen  Arthur  Goodman,  CBt 
K.H. 

This  officer  entered  the  British  array 
in  Oct.  17M,  as  Ensign  in  tbe  46th  foot* 
Jn  179;)  he  obtained  his  Lieutenancy  in 
the  same  regiment,  and  proceeded  on 
foreign  service.  In  1900  he  embarked 
with  his  regiment  from  JVlinorca,  and 
joined  the  force  under  the  command  of 
General  Sir  Charles  Stuart,  destined  as 
a  British  contingent  for  the  battle  of 
Marengo.  He  subsequently  senred  at  the 
surrender  of  Malta  in  1800.  In  1B03  be 
ohlaincd  bis  company  in  the  4Btb«  In 
moo  he  joined  tbe  army  of  tbe  Peninsula; 
was  present  at  tbe  hard -fought  battle  of 
Tiiiavera,  and  commanded  the  tight  com- 
panica  of  Major- Gen.  Richard  Stewart** 
brigade  in  Lord  HiU's  division  during  tbe 
first  night  of  that  battle.  He  was  ap- 
pointed subsequently  to  the  staff  of  the 
army  as  Judge- Advocate- General,  and 
Assistant-Adjutant-General.  He  took  a 
part  in  the  terrible  siege  of  Badojos,  was 
preaent  at  tbe  taking  of  Fort  Ficorini^ 
and  was  then  placed  in  the  responsible 
pot^ition  of  taking  charge  of  General 
Phillii>on,  the  Governor  of  Badajoap 
whom  be  was  ordered  to  conduct  to 
Elvtts.  In  1813  Captain  Goodman  re- 
ceived his  majority,  and  in  that  raiik 
served  at  tbe  battle  of  Sah^manca,  and  in 
the  operations  at  Madrid.  On  the  march 
from  Madrid  to  Burgos  Major  Goodman 
was  appointed  to  take  charge  of  the  Ad- 
jutant-Genemrs  department,  owin^tothc 
absence,  from  sickness,  of  the  Adjutant- 
General— a  very  flattering  distinction 
to  be  conferred  on  so  young  an  officcr- 
iii  this  highly  responsible  post  he  served 
at  the  ftiege  of  Burgos,  and  during  the 
masterly  retreat  of  the  British  army  from 
before  that  city  to  the  frontier  of  PortugaL 
In  eonsccjucnce  of  this  service,  Miyor 
Goodman  was  appointed  Judge- Advocate- 
General  to  the  Forces  ordered  from  tbe 
urrny  of  the  Peninsuhi  to  Ameriaii  which 


540     Hon.  F.  G.  Herioi.'^R.  Buinon,  Esq^R.  PkiUpf,  B$q.     [May, 


appointment,  however,  was  subsequently 
changed  to  that  of  Judge- Advocate- 
General  to  the  Army  under  the  Prince 
of  Orange  at  Brussels,  and,  lastly,  to  the 
same  highly  important  post  to  the  army 
under  the  Duke  of  Wellington.  These 
brilliant  services  were  closed  by  his  being 
present  at  the  battle  of  Waterloo,  and 
continuing  with  the  Army  of  Occupation 
until  it  removed  from  France,  having  pre- 
viously, in  1813,  attained  the  rank  of 
Lieut.- Colonel. 

In  1819  he  received  the  civil  appoint- 
ment  of  Colonial  Secretary  of  the  colony 
of  Berbice,  and  arrived  there  and  assumed 
his  duties  early  in  the  following  year.  In 
1821  he  was  appointed  to  the  then  highly 
lucrative  situation  of  Vendue- Master  of 
Demerara  and  £ssequibo,  in  the  discharge 
of  the  duties  of  which  post  he  continued 
till  his  death.  His  colonial  life  thus  ex- 
tends  over  a  period  of  twenty.four  years, 
during  which  time,  we  are  informed,  he 
was  only  once  absent  from  his  charge, 
namely,  for  seventeen  months,  from  May 
1835  to  Oct.  1836.  Though  appointed 
to  a  purely  civil  situation  in  British 
Guiana,  his  military  services  were  not 
withheld  when  required  by  the  intestine 
disturbances  in  the  colony.  In  1823  he 
was  called  upon  by  the  then  Governor  of 
the  Colony,  Lieut.- General  Murry,  to 
serve  in  the  militia,  at  the  breaking  out 
of  the  servile  revolt.  He  organised  and 
commanded  the  militia  during  that  period, 
for  which  service  he  received  the  thanks 
of  the  separate  colonies.  Since  that 
period  up  to  the  disbanding  of  the  militia 
General  Goodman  continued  to  serve  the 
community  in  which  bis  lot  had  been  cast 
as  a  Brigadier- General  of  the  Militia,  and 
as  Inspector- General  of  the  Province. 

By  the  brevet  of  1830,  Lieut.-Col. 
Goodman  obtained  his  Colonelcy  ;  and  bv 
the  subsequent  brevet  of  1842  the  rank 
of  Major.  General. 

He  has  left  a  widow  and  eleven  children. 


Major.-Gen.  the  Hon.  F.  G.  Hbriot. 

Dec.  30.  At  Comfort  Hall,  Druro- 
mondville,  Canada,  after  a  protracted  ill- 
neas,  in  bis  58th  year.  Major- General  the 
Hon.  Frederick  George  Heriot,  K.B.  and 
C.B. 

He  was  bom  in  Jersey,  Jan.  11,  1786, 
and  entered  the  service  at  the  age  of  15, 
aa  Lieutenant  in  the  49th  Foot,  Oct.  9, 
1801 ;  be  attained  the  rank  of  Lieutenant. 
Colonel  at  27,  after  having  been  engaged 
in  all  the  stirring  events  in  Canada  from 
1801  to  1816. 

General  Heriot  bad  secured  the  attach- 
ment of  a  numerous  circle  of  friendH  and 
acquaintances  both  in  public  and  private 
life,  by  his  kind  and  conciliatory  manners, 


aa  well  aa  by  his  benevolence  and  cha- 
ritable disposition,  both  of  which  were 
unbounded.  Of  the  village  of  Drum, 
mondville  he  may  truly  be  said  to  have 
been  the  father  and  founder,  having  re- 
tired there,  on  half-pay,  in  1816,  with  a 
number  of  veterans  and  pensioners  from 
the  different  corps  disbanded  in  the  pro- 
vince after  the  late  war;  his  Majesty 
having  rewarded  hia  active  and  merito- 
rious services  by  a  large  grant  of  land 
situated  chiefly  in  the  county  of  Grant- 
ham, of  which  the  village  forms  a  part. 
His  mortal  remains  were  borne  to  their 
last  resting  place  by  two  parties  of  aiz 
each,  composed  respectively  of  the  oldest 
servants  of  his  household,  and  pensionera 
who  had  shared  with  him  in  life  the  chec- 
quered  scenes  of  peace  and  war,  alter- 
nately relieving  each  other,  and  followed 
bv  a  numerous  mourning  concourse.  Since 
General  Heriot*s  retirement  on  half-pay 
he  had  always  held  the  rank  of  Colonel  of 
militia,  and,  excepting  when  engaged  in 
the  dischaige  of  his  various  puUic  duticty 
Dnimmondville  has  been  his  residence. 


Robert  Bateson,  Esq.,  M.P. 

Dec.  24.  At  Jerusalem,  in  his  88tli 
year,  Robert  Bateson,  esq.,  M.P.  for 
the  county  of  Londonderry. 

Mr.  Bateson  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir 
Robert  Bateson,  of  Bel  voir  Park,  co. 
Down,  Bart.,  bv  Catharine,  daughter  of 
the  late  Samuel  Dickson,  esq.,  of  Bal- 
lynaguille,  co.  Limerick.  He  took  the 
place  of  his  father,  as  member  for  the 
county  of  liondonderry,  at  the  last  general 
election.  He  was  atucked  by  low  typhus 
fever  shortly  after  his  arrival  at  Jcru. 
salem,  under  which  he  gradually  sunk,  and 
expired  after  an  illness  of  nine  days.  His 
afflicted  family  and  friends  have  the  con- 
solation  of  knowing  that  he  received  the 
most  unremitting  attentions  from  Dr. 
Macgowan,  the  experienced  pfajrsician  to 
the  mission,  and  enjoyed  every  spiritiud 
comfort  from  the  kind  and  repeated  viaits 
of  Dr.  Alexander,  the  Protestant  Bishop 
of  Jerusalem,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ewald. 

ROBEAT  PhIUPS,  EsQ. 

March  U.  Aged  84,  Robert  Philips, 
Esq.,  of  the  Park,  near  Manchester. 

Mr.  Philips  was  a  gentleman  of  the 
greatest  eminence  in  the  mercantile  world, 
of  extensive  wealth,  and,  above  all,  of 
high  character  for  his  public  and  private 
munificence.  He  was  Lord  of  the  Ma- 
nors of  Snitterfield,  Wolverton,  sod 
Bearlcy,  where  he  was  justly  and  most 
highly  respected  and  beloved. 

The  father  of  Mr.  Philips  was  tbs  so- 
cood  of  three  brothsri,  John,  Msthsaisl^ 


I 


1844.] 


OtiTVULtJ— Jeremiah  Harman,  Esq. 


541 


P 


tnd  TbotnuKt  who  were  ill  partners  m 
bunneis.  Thofnii»  wiis  born  in  the  yesr 
1728,  and  dbd  in  1811,  at  the  adviinced 
ige  of  83  i  the  prejcnt  Sir  George  Phi. 
lipfti  Bart.f  i»  nil  aon,  Nathaniel,  the 
lather  of  the  decefta^^  was  bom  in  1726, 
Slid  died  in  1608,  at  the  age  of  62 »  and 
the  subject  of  tbi^  notice  was  born  April 
3t  1760,  and  had  ht:  Uved  a  month  longer 
would  have  completed  his  &tth  year. 

Mr.  Philipi  was  a  partner  in  the  house 
of  John  and  Nathaniel  Philips  and  Co., 
though  of  late  years  he  did  not  uke  any 
ictive  part  in  busineis,  being  represented 
in  the  concern  by  his  gons«  He  haabeen 
for  many  years  past  regarded  as  one  of 
the  heads  of  the  liberal  piirty  in  Manches- 
tcr*  He  was  one  of  the  priiicipal  founders 
of  the  Manchester  and  Sal  ford  Deaf  and 
Dumb  School  and  Asylum,  to  which  he 
WIS  a  munificent  contributor.  He  was 
the  oldest  member  of  the  Manchester 
Literary  and  Philosophii^l  Society,  which 
be  entered  on  the  6th  of  November,  17S3, 
when  in  bi^  2-Vth  year*  He  was  also  a 
liberal  benefactor  to  the  Manchester  New 
College,  having  given  upwards  of  /'500 
to  tbat  institution  ;  of  which,  while  it 
was  placed  at  York,  he  was  the  President, 
during  the  years  1834^1837,  and  be  filled 
the  office  of  a  trustee  to  the  titue  of  bis 
death.  His  son,  Mr.  Mark  Philips,  is 
now  its  President* 

The  funeral  of  the  deceased  took  place 
on  the  30th  March,  at  the  Presbyterian 
Chapel,  Stand,  of  which  for  some  years 
past  Mr.  Phitips  and  bis  family  had  been 
regular  attendants,  and  indeed  the  princi- 
pa  supporters.  It  iras  attended  by  Mr, 
Mark  Philips,  M.P,  for  Manchester, 
Mr»  Robert  Need  ham  Pbiltps  (»ons  of 
the  deceased)  ;  Mr,  Robert  Hyde  Greg, 
Mt,  James  W.  Mylnc,  of  London,  and 
Mr»  William  Duckworth,  of  Reecb  Wood, 
Soutbapjpton  (sons-in-law)  ;  Mr.  Na- 
tbantel  Philips  of  Leamington,  and  Mr. 
Robert  Philips,  of  Heybridge  (nephews)  j 
Mr.  Chad  wick  (a  partner  in  businesi); 
Mr.  Harris  (the  deceased's  solicitor),  and 
Mr.  Richard  Aspden  (many  years  a  con* 
fidcntial  agent).  The  procession  was 
joined  on  the  road  to  Stand  Chapel  by  a 
number  of  carriages,  containing  the 
mayor,  aldermen,  and  other  members  and 
officers  of  the  council ;  members  of  the 
council,  &c,  of  the  MQnchester  Liftrary 
and  Philosophical  Society,  and  about 
twenty -two  genitfinen  from  the  vnrious 
business  establishments  in  which  the  de- 
eeaaed  was  a  partner. 

Mr.  Philips  married  Miss  Needham,  a 

*i  Miitthevp  Nerdbain.esq.  of  Lrn- 

ham:    bts    surviving 

o  aoni  above-meu- 

Lu  u«iii|{ht«rt«    Miaa  Caro- 


line Philips,  bis  youngest  daughter^  died 
on  the  25th  Feb.  last. 


JfiAEMlAB  HaILMAK,  Esq. 

Ftb,  7.  In  Adams  Court,  Broad .atr««|» 
in  his  Blst  year,  Jeremiah  Harman,  esq. 

Mr.  Harman  waschtef  of  a  family  known 
in  the  commercial  world  for  nearly  a  ceni.* 
tury,  and  highly  esteemed  both  in  this  and 
other  countries.  He  may  himself  be  said 
to  have  stood  at  the  bead  of  the  dtjp 
both  as  to  mercantile  and  private  charat^ 
ter;  libeml  in  his  dealings,  and  inspirii^ 
confidence  by  hia  honour  and  inte^ity,  aa 
well  as  love  for  hb  peracmal  f^ualines. 

The  house,  of  which  be  died  the  otin* 
dpsl  partner,  was  of  very  old  standing. 
It  originated  with  the  Lisbon  trade,  and 
w^tt*  in  cxtenMvc  transactions  with  Portu- 
gal at  the  time  of  the  earthquake  at  Lisbon 
in  1755.  At  first  the  nrm  was  Gur* 
nell  and  Hoare;  then  Gurnell,  Hoare, 
and  Harman  (the  father  of  the  late  la- 
mented gentleman) ;  then  Harman,  Hoare, 
and  Co.  ;  and,  lastly,  Harman  and  Co,, 
which  was  its  title  for  the  last  forty  years. 
To  the  Russian  court  the  bouse  have  been 
bankers  for  half  a  century,  and  so  con- 
tinue to  the  present  time. 

The  subject  of  the  present  memoir  waa 
a  Director  of  the  Rank  of  England  from 
1794  to  1827;  embracing  the  eventful 
period  of  the  restriction  of  cash  payments. 
and  all  the  great  tinanciat  and  political 
difficulties  of  the  country.  He  was  much 
consulted  by  Mr.  Pitt  and  Lord  Liverpool 
on  all  queitions  of  moment  i  and  also  gave 
evidence  of  the  most  important  charactei 
before  the  Bullion  Committee  of  1810  ( 
before  the  Committees  on  the  resumption 
of  Cai^h  Payments,  in  1819;  on  the  Bank 
Charter,  in  1832;  and  on  other  invcstiga* 
tions  of  similar  character  and  importance* 
In  IBIG  be  was  Governor  of  the  Bank  j 
and  in  that  vear  an  addition  of  ^6  per 
cent,  was  made  to  the  capital  of  Bank« 
stock.  Three  years  afterwards,  in  1919, 
the  thanks  of  the  Court  were  voted  to  him 
for  his  share  in  the  labours  of  a  com  mis* 
tion  which  had  been  appointed  by  Iha 
Crown  for  the  preventioD  of  forgery.  In 
18S7,  on  his  retirement^  the  thanks  of  the 
General  Court  were  unanimously  voted 
to  him  for  his  long  and  valuable  services, 
A«  a  public  character  the  late  Mr,  Har- 
man was  known  to  all  the  mini  stent  of  the 
day,  from  Mr.  Pitt  downwiird!!.  The 
Orleans  r -'^  •  ♦'-  "  of  picture-^  was  aeni 
to  the  h<r  ruMimlv.      In   latet 

life,  on  Kti.  •,»  his  fatm  r's  houte  aC  { 

Woodford,  a«  hitt  walls  became  eiitargrd« 
his  picture*  incff «»H ,    At  Woodford,  sur- 
rounded I  idf  of  little  kai'j 
than  two  nd  backed  by  i  | 
proapect  U|/vm  n^.i^u  ^uc  mo^t  [astidiotii 


542 


Obituary. — Mr.  Hobler. 


[May, 


eye  might  have  satisfactorily  gaxed,  Mr. 
Harman  lived  as  a  great  city  merchant 
and  a  gentleman  ought  to  live. — In  bis 
habits  oe  was  among  the  most  regular, 
the  most  honourable,  and  the  most  ex- 
tmplary  of  mankind.  He  was  present  at 
almost  all  the  councils  connected  with 
charitable  institutions,  and  his  father  and 
himself  were  amongst  the  founders  and 
chief  patrons  of  the  Philanthropic  Society 
in  St.  George's  fields.  In  acts  of  nrivate 
charitv,  also,  no  one  was  more  readv  and 
liberal  in  relieving  distress ;  and,  though 
distinguished  for  his  love  and  knowledge 
of  the  best  works  of  the  ancient  masters, 
be  was  a  kind  friend  to  many  modem 
artists. 

Mb.  Hoblce. 

Jan,  21.    At    Pentonville,    aged    78, 

Francis  Hobler,  esq.  for  56  years  Chief 

Clerk  at  the  Mansion-bouse. 

'  Mr.  Hobler  was  the  son  of  a  watch- 
maker in  Sobo,  a  native  of  the  canton  of 
Vaud  in  Switxerland.  He  was  baptized 
at  the  Swiss  Protestant  Church,  where, 
as  he  was  the  first  child  christened  there 
after  its  establishment,  all  the  elders  of 
the  congre^tion  stood  sponsors  for  him 
at  the  Imptismal  font.  His  education  was 
carefully  attended  to,  and  included  an  ac- 
quaintance with  the  dead  and  continental 
languages ;  the  French,  Spanish,  and  Ger- 
man he  spoke  with  ease  and  fluency,  which 
S roved  of  the  highest  use  to  him  in  the 
ischarge  of  his  official  duties.  Connected 
with  these  acquirements  were  a  vigour  of 
intellect,  a  sparkling  wit,  a  suavity  of 
manners,  and  an  amiability  of  disposition, 
that  very  early  in  life  endeared  him  to  bis 
companions,  and  in  after  years  recom- 
mended him  to  many  a  generous  patron. 

On  leaving  school,  he  was  placed  in  the 
counting-house  of  Messrs.  Blache,  the 
then  extensive  sugar.brokers  in  Mincing. 
lane ;  but  not  liking  the  monotonous  rou- 
tine of  a  commercial  life,  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  offices  of  an  eminent  crown 
biwyer,  to  whom  be  was  articled,  and 
where  his  assiduity  procured  for  him  the 
notice  of  some  of  the  leading  members  of 
the  corporation,  who,  previously  to  the 
expiration  of  bis  articles,  gave  biro  the 
appointment  of  clerk  to  the  sitting  alder, 
men  at  Guildhall.  Having  filled  this 
situation  for  several  'years,  Mr.  Hobler 
was,  on  the  promotion  of  Mr.  W.  L. 
Newman  to  be  City  Solicitor,  removed  to 
the  higher  and  more  lucrative  post  of  chief 
clerk  to  the  chief  magistrate,  which  he 
continued  to  fill  to  the  entire  satisfaction 
of  the  public,  and  of  every  successor  to 
the  civic  chair,  until  within  a  very  few 
weeks  of  his  retirement,  last  vear,  never, 
doringthatlong  periodi  having  Wn  absent 


three  weeks  at  any  one  time,  either  for 
pleasure  or  the  benefit  of  bis  health. 

The  duties  of  this  office  are  far  from 
beine  of  a  light  or  ordinary  character.  TW 
Lord  Mayor  is  usually  some  trader  or 
merchant,  but  little  acquainted  with  the 
laws  he  has  to  administer,  and  must,  in 
most  instances,  depend  entirely  upon  the 
advice  of  his  chief  clerk,  who,  in  addition 
to  the  usual  qualifications  of  a  common  law 
practitioner,  should  have  a  perfect  know- 
ledge of  the  criminal  statutes,  and  of  the 
peculiar  privileges  and  customs  of  the 
City.  Indeed  it  is  almost  impossible  to 
describe  accurately  the  varied  information 
of  this  important  dvic  functionary.  The 
Lord  Ma]^or  is  considered  by  the  hoaae« 
less  and  distressed  of  every  nation  as  thdr 
natural  friend  and  protector ;  and  hence 
the  constant  appeals  to  his  benevolence 
from  the  sons  and  daughters  of  misery, 
too  often  simulated  by  artful  and  design- 
ing vagabonds,  not  only  demand  that  nia 
clerk  should  be  well  versed  in  the  conti- 
nental tongues,  but  that  he  should  be 
gifted  with  a  nice  praception  of  hnman 
character,  which  few  possess,  and  is  onlj 
to  be  obtained  by  long  and  close  observa- 
tion. And  equally  8|>pUcable  is  this  bust 
remark  to  the  investigation  of  crime ;  for^ 
as  is  justly  remarked  by  Mr.  Hobler,  iun., 
in  his  letter  to  the  Town  Clerk  of  Lon- 
don, detailing  the  duties  of  his  fiither^ 
office, — ''Manvan  alderman,  by  a  word 
from  bim,  has  been  dissuaded  from  com- 
mitting for  trial  the  youthful  offender  not 
yet  hayrdened  in  crime,  and  the  thief  of 
necessity  has  been  admonished,  and  per- 
haps so  relieved  as  not  again  to  be 
tempted.*' 

All  these  qualifications  were  united  in 
Mr.  Hobler ;  and,  to  his  honour  it  should 
be  known,  that,  over  and  over  again,  when 
the  funds  placed  at  his  disposal  by  the  Lord 
Mayor  and  other  charitable  persons  were 
insufficient  to  relieve  the  urgencies  of  the 
applicants  for  charity,  his  own  purse  was 
at  their  command,  and  drew  forth  from 
many  a  grateful  heart  sincere  and  fervent 
pnyen  for  his  welfare.  To  foreigners,  in 
particular,  the  worthy  gentleman  was  ever 
accessible  ;  and  his  lundness  to  the  unfor- 
tunate Spanish,  luiian,  Polish,  and  other 
political  refugees  will  long  be  remembered 
by  them,  and  has  caused  many  a  curioua 
letter  of  thanks,  addressed, «'  A  son  £x. 
cellenc^  le  tres  Honorable  Monsieur  le 
Secretaire  Generale  du  Milord  Maire  de 
Londres.'' 

But  whilst  in  Mr.  Hobler  the  truly 
wretched  and  unfortunate  ever  found  a 
compassionate  and  sympathising  fiiend, 
he  was  a  constant  terror  to  the  confirmed 
b^^gar  and  hardened  criminal ;  the  ceeog- 
nition  of  his  keen  and  penetrating  eye, 


1844,] 


OBiTVAUY^MiBB  Sarah  Mariin, 


543 


followed  by  the  notice,  '*  You  and  I  are 

old  friendsj  I  think/*  being  atwoys  fatal 
lo  their  pursuits  ftir  at  least  some  time  to 
come. 

In  per§orinl  iippeitrancc,  Mr,  Hobler 
was  a  tine^  tiill,  upright,  powdered- bended 
fenltemaii  of  the  old  Rchool,  nlwiiya  neuily 
dietsed  in  a  closely  buttooed  yp  bluefc 
coat,  drab  breeches  and  gaiters.  He  never 
wai  seen  in  trousers,  albough  some  of  his 
friendfi  have  a  vague  recollection  that  in 
former  years  be  sometimes  wore  panta- 
loons and  Hessian  boob:*  In  liis  habits 
he  wag  perfectly  regular^  and,  notwith- 
■tandin^  bis  advanced  age,  never  rod*?,  hut 
always  walked  to  and  irom  this  residence 
in  Qiieen*s.row,  Pentonville,and  the  Man. 
aion-house.  and  with  such  exactness  as  to 
liine^  that  bis  appearance  on  any  part  of 
his  journey  was  a  sure  indication  of  the 
precise  bour  of  the  day. 

In  conversation  Mr.  Hohlerwas  highly 
intellectual  and  facetious,  and  the  readi- 
ness of  his  repartee  installed  him  par  e^* 
cetltnce  as  the  civic  wit.  In  his  fumily, 
and  amongst  his  penional  friends,  he  was 
greatly  esteemed  ond  beloved.  Some  time 
since  bis  portrait  was  piiinted  by  a  lady 
artist,  residing  in  Kalhbone-pkce,  from 
which  wns  taken  a  lithographic  print. 
The  original  painting,  after  his  retiie* 
ment,  was  purchased  and  framed  at  the 
expense  of  the  Lord  JVIeyort  and  now 
graces  the  wall  of  the  justice- room ^  im- 
mediately behind  bis  lordship's  cbair, 

Mr.  Hohler  married  at  an  early  age. 
His  fannly  coniisls  of  two  sons  and  two 
daughters,  one  son  being  a  welUknown 
sfilicitor,  and  formerly  Secretary  of  the 
Numismatic  Society »  The  other  son  is  a 
wealthy  agricolturist  in  New  South  Wales; 
of  his  daughters,  one  is  mariied  and  living 
in  Canada,  and  tbe  other  is  single. 


Miss  Sahah  Martin. 

Oct,  14.  At  Yarmouth,  Norfolk,  Miss 
Sainh  Martin. 

In  the  death  of  this  scarcely  less  re- 
markable than  estimable  female,  society  at 
Jarge,  and  more  particularly  the  town  of 
Yarmoutli,  her  residence,  has  sustained 
what  it  is  to  be  feared  will  prove  an 
irreparable  loss.  A  life  whicb  was  more 
completfly  devoid  of  all  confiiderations 
of  self,  was  more  exclusively  devoted 
to  doing  good,  and  in  the  pursuit  of 
Ibat  object  really  accompltsbed  a  greater 
quantity  of  good,  would  with  difficulty  be 
found  ;  perhaps  not  at  all,  if  the  i-nect 
produced  be  measured  by  the  amount 
of  talents  that,  humonly  speaking,  was 
allotted  by  the  Almighty  to  the  purpose. 
To  give  publicity  to  ibc  details  of  such  a 
life  is  not  only  af^reeabte,  but  may  almost 
be  considered  n  boundcn  duty. 


There  %xt  few,  except  in  the  very 
lowest  classes  of  society,  who  may  not 
feel  in  reading  these  particulars  that  an 
example  which  it  is  altogether  m  their 
power  to  imttAte  is  thus  proposed  to 
themselves.  Some  ma^  even  he  tempted 
to  thinks  when  the  spnngs  and  modes  of 
action  and  their  results  are  laid  before 
tbemi  that  Ibey  bear  the  words  of  our 
blessed  Saviour,  **  Go  thou,  and  do  like- 
wise,**  The  power  of  wealth,  the  in- 
fluence of  station^  the  grasp  of  genius^  the 
expansion  of  the  mind  by  study,  all  thpse 
are  naturally  calculated  to  enlarge  the 
sphere  of  utility  ;  but  with  no  one  of  these 
could  the  subject  of  the  present  brief 
memoir  be  said  to  have  been  gifted  ;  of 
most  she  ^vb*i  eminently  tJeficient,  A 
child  of  poverty,  accustomed  throughout 
life  to  earn  her  daily  bread  by  her  doily 
labour,  she  nevertheless  proposed  to  her- 
self a  very  different  decided  object,  and 
this  she  steadily  kept  in  view.  The 
object  was  to  vi^it  the  prison ,  and  relievo 
and  reform  Its  wretched  inmates  ;  and  thus 
to  ^Q  what  she  bumbly  hi'jped  might  be 
ftcceptahle  in  the  eyes  of  her  Creator  by 
benefiting  her  fellow-creatures.  It  needs 
scarcely  to  be  said  that  a  strong  religious 
impression  would  alone  have  been  com- 
petent to  have  produced  such  on  effect. 
But  no  fooner  did  this  gain  power  over 
her  mind  than  her  determiuRtioii  vvas 
formed  :  she  persevered  through  exil  re* 
port  and  good  report ;  agsiinst  objections, 
remonstanccs,  and  ridicule,  against  pri. 
VHtions,  against  the  harder  trials  of  what 
could  not  but  be  offensive  to  a  delicate 
female — nay,  eViMi  against  the  neglect  and 
rebuffs  of  those  whose  welfare  she  sought, 
she  "held  the  even  tenor  of  her  way  j" 
and  she  succeeded  no  leas  to  the  comfort 
of  herself  than  of  the  objects  of  her 
solicitude.  Some  account  of  the  cflPeets 
of  her  exertions  js  already  lurfore  the 
public  in   five  severol  parliamentary  re- 

{mrts  from  the  pen  of  rapt.  Williums,  the 
mmane  and  judicious  inspector  of  gaols. 
In  that  for  1835,  he  states,  '*  Sunday^ 
November  29th,  I  attended  divjoe  service 
in  the  morning  at  Yarmouth  prison.  The 
mole  prisoners  only  were  assembled;  a 
female  resident  in  the  town  officiated  ; 
her  voice  was  exceedingly  melodious,  bcr 
delivery  emphatic,  and  her  enunciation 
extremely  dtstinct.  The  service  was  the 
Liturgy  of  the  Church  of  England  ;  two 
pSiiJms  were  sung  by  the  whole  of  the 
prisoners,  find  extremely  well,  mwvAi  better 
than  I  have  frequently  heard  in  oui  best 
appointed  churches.  A  written  dtscourM 
ot  her  own  composition  wa^  read  by  hers 
it  was  of  a  purely  nioriil  tendency,  in- 
volving  no  docttinal  points,  and  udnalnibljr 
suited  tg  ibe  hearers. 


544 


Obitvabt.^ — Miii  Sarah  Marim. 


Cii«f, 


I 


'*  During  the  performance  of  the  tervice 
tlifl  prisoiiert  paid  the  profoundest  atten- 
tion  and  the  most  marked  renpect,  and, 
M  far  as  it  is  possible  to  judge,  they  ap. 
peared  to  take  a  devout  interest.  Evening 
Mfrice  was  read  by  her  afterwards  to  the 
Imale  prisoners. 

**  This  most  estimable  person  has,  for 
Um  long  period  of  seventeen  years,  almost 
odusively  given  up  her  time  to  bettering 
Um  wretched  condition  of  the  prisoners 
oolifined  in  this  gaol.  She  is  generally 
tlMre  four  or  five  times  a  week,  and  since 
ber  first  commencing  these  charitable 
labours  she  has  never  omitted  being  pre- 
Mnt  a  single  Sabbath  dsv.  On  the  week 
days  she  pursues,  with  equal  seal,  a 
nguUr  course  uf  instruction  with  the 
male  and  female  prisoners.  Many  of  the 
prisoners  have  been  taught  to  read  and 
write,  of  which  verv  satisfactory  examples 
were  produced  ;  and  the  men  are  instructed 
■nd  employed  in  binding  books,  and 
cutting  out  of  bone,  stilettoes,  salt  spoons, 
wafer  stamps,  and  similar  articles,  which 
are  disposed  of  for  their  benefit.  The 
Iwnales  are  supplied  with  work  according 
to  their  several  abilities,  and  their  earning 
art  paid  to  them  on  their  dischaive ;  in 
Mferal  instances  they  have  earned  sufficient 
to  put  themselves  in  decent  apparel,  and 
be  fit  for  service.  After  their  discharge 
tbey  are,  b^  the  same  means,  frequently 
provided  with  work,  until  enabled  to  pro- 
cure it  for  themselves.** 

The  following  particulars  have  been 
principally  copied  from  a  very  interesting 
autobiographical  sketch,  which  was  drawn 
up  by  this  lady  during  her  last  illness, 
and  has  been  published  since  her  death. 
The  present  writer  can  vouch  for  the  truth 
of  many  of  the  leading  facu. 

Miss  Martin  was  born  at  the  village  of 
Gaister  near  Yarmouth  in  June  1791 ;  of 
both  her  parents  she  was  deprived  at  a 
Tcry  early  age.  The  care  of  her  conse- 
quently devolved  upon  her  grandmother 
of  the  name  of  Bonnett,  who  was  a  glover, 
and  is  remembered  by  many  still  living  as 
a  woman  of  a  roost  kind  disposition,  ex- 
emplary conduct,  and  much  piety.  She 
herself  was  from  the  first  no  common 
chUd; 

''Dainties  she  heeded  not,  nor  gaud,  nor  toy." 
Her  passion  was  for  reading  at  i  viry  ^pur* 
moment,  and  tales  and  novels  urnl  bouks 
of  thnt  description  were  naturully  h 
tnctio:i  and  ner  delight.  It  wu 
ninetciiith  vear  that  first,  by  w] 
comtnan  parlance  would  be  called  v 
ber  thoughts  were  turned  into  a  t 
diannel.  She  walked  to  Yaroiou 
fine  summer  evening,  and,  tirrrl  |^ 
•trolled  into  a  place  of  worship,  i 
ahe  confesses,  Uitened  to  tiiv  |A 
12  ^■ 


from  mere  curiosity.  But  tiie  efifect  wae 
far  firom  transitory.  The  text  he  hmd  ee- 
lected  was,  '*  We  persuade  men ;"  and  Hs 
truth  he  exemplified  in  the  persuaaioB  of 
his  new  hearer.  To  use  her  own  wcade, 
'•  It  was  then  that  the  Spirit  of  Ood  aaot 
a  ray  of  light  upon  my  guilty  aool,  daw 
of  Siatan,  fiist  bound  in  misery  and  error. 
Stranger  as  I  was  to  my  divine  teacher, 
this  first  lesson  was  distinctly  impreeeed. 
that  the  religion  of  the  Bible  waa  mjgnum 
reality.  On  mv  w-ay  back  I  reilectod 
upon  what  I  had  heard,  and  my  mind  wuo 
expanded  with  a  sense  of  the  divine  Ma- 
jesty. Returned  home,  I  spoke  of  tfao 
sermon  with  astonishment  andadmiratloB. 
I  was  told  that  it  was  the  novelty  pleaaad 
me^  and  would  soon  wear  off ;  irai  tho 
answer  of  my  heart  was  *  I  hope  nefor, 
be  it  novelty  or  delusion  ;  it  is  so  pracloaa 
I  cannot  part  with  it.* '' 

The  seed  was  sown,  and  neither  by  the 
wayside,  nor  on  a  rock,  nor  among  tboma, 
but  on  good  ground,  where  it  would  bear 
fruit  a  hundred-fold. 

Doubts,  difficulties,  and  stnigglee  natu- 
rally followed,  and  no  less  naturally  gave 
way.  Engaged  as  she  waa  in  her  buaioeaa 
as  a  dressmaker,  she  still  found  time  for 
her  religious  duties ;  for  those  who  eeak 
time  will  always  find  it.  Her  first  atteaspt 
at  usefulness  was  the  causing  of  beriMf 
to  be  admitted  as  teacher  in  a  Sunday 
school.  A  very  touching  case  of  a  dying 
child  was  very  shortly  after  presented  to 
her  notice,  and  she  was  allowed  to  remark 
with  joy  and  thankfulness  that  the  blesa- 
ing  of  the  Father  was  neither  held  back 
firom  herself  nor  the  children.  The 
parish  workhouse  next  attracted  her  at- 
tention. Having  been  told  of  a  young 
woman  there  afflicted  with  an  absceae, 
she  found  admission  by  going  to  visit  her, 
and  at  her  death  obtained  what  was  then 
the  desire  of  her  heart,  in  the  request  of  a 
number  of  aged  and  sick  women  in  the 
room  to  continue  her  visits,  to  read  the 
Scriptures  and  pray  with  them.  The  re. 
quest  was  soon  echoed  by  the  inmates  of 
all  the  sick  rooms ;  and  it  is  needless  to 
say  that  time  and  pains  so  employed  were 
productive  of  the  hsppiest  effect.  The 
workhouse,  which  had  previously  been  in 
a  moat  neglected  and  disgraceful  state, 
ibortly^  hy  ihuj  hmg}^  cifcum stance,  hm* 
•Uiikisd  tbt»  §|£of  order  and  compatarivo 
itcitt,  the  re  la  re^  with 
ti  extended  ber 
of  the  tbitdren, 
Jaboura  richly 
iftemupn  was 
eon  tin  lied 


1844.] 


Obituary. — Miss  Sarah  Martin. 


545 


WaUs'a  Divine  Songs.  She  prepared 
from  the  Bible  ten  seU  of  questions,  an- 
swered by  texts,  on  the  most  prominent 
Kcripture  truths  ;  she  bad  them  copied  in 
large  writing  on  patti^board  shceeCs  hung 
along  the  wails,  and  she  commenced  teach* 
ing  them  hers«1f;  but,  on  dUcovering 
th«t  two  girlij  about  nine  or  ten  years  old 
hftd  taught  what  they  had  learned  of  her 
to  two  of  their  bedfellows,  sbe  traniferred 
this  work  to  such  among  them  as  desired 
to  undertake  it,  and  found  the  plan  answer 
welU  The  interest  taken  by  the  children 
in  their  religious  instryction  astonished 
her,  and  «^he  records  with  gratitude,  that 
it  was  always  to  her  a  charming  sight  to 
observe  the  happy  countenance*  of  these 
children  while  teaching  their  liltle  pupiU 
for  her  to  bear  them  on  a  Monday. 

From  tbe  workhouse  to  the  gaof  is  but 
too  commonly  a  single  and  an  easy  step, 
and  such  it  proved— but,  in  the  pre&enC 
instance,  happily — with  Miss  Martin.  We 
quote  her  qwu  words  when  we  ^y  that 
**  often,  in  passing  the  latter,  she  had  felt 
a  strong  desire  to  obtain  udinhiiion  to  the 
prisoners  and  read  the  Script  ures  to 
them*  for  she  had  felt  much  of  their 
condition  and  their  &in  before  God, 
how  tlicy  were  shut  out  from  the 
society  whose  rights  they  hftd  violated^ 
and  bow  destitute  they  were  of  Bible  in. 
struction,  which  alone  could  meet  their 
unfortunate  circumstances/'  And  here 
also  she  was  indebted  to  a  casual  occur- 
renc«  for  the  aceomplishmcnt  of  her 
wishea.  She  had  heard  of  a  woman  hav- 
ing been  committed  for  tearing  cruelly 
beaten  her  child ;  and  she  applied,  and 
obtained  leave  to  visit  her,  while  the  other 
prisoners,  witnessing  the  comfort  then 
adiutnistered,  each  after  each  priiyed  to 
be  allowed  to  share  it^  and  thus  she 
gradually  established  her  footing.  The 
public  attention  had  not  then  been  dt- 
rected  to  the  subject  of  prison  discipline. 
Howard  and  Neild  were  dead,  and  Mrs. 
Fry  and  Sir  Fowell  Buxton  were  but  at 
the  outaet  of  tbeif  benevolent  career, 
OaoU  were  nothing  more  than  places  of 
confinement  and  privation,  and  occa* 
sionally  punishment;  safe  custody  was 
nearly  the  whole  that  was  required,  and, 
provided  the  doors  were  locked  upon  the 
inmates,  no  inquiry  was  made  how  their 
time  was  spent.  The  most  of  it  was 
given  ap  to  gamine,  swearing,  playing, 
and  bad  language,  wnile  visitors,  and  pro- 
vision'!,  and  liquor,  were  indiscriminately 
admitted  from  without  with  little  restric> 
tion.  At  Varmoutb,  too,  it  must  un* 
fortunately  be  admitted  that  no  attention 
was  at  that  time  paid  to  the  moral  or  re. 
ligioua  tuition  of  tho^e  confined  :  except 
liy  name«  the  very  existence  of  the  Sab* 

Gi.kt.Mag,  VouXXI. 


bath  might  be  said  to  be  unknown  aaiojig 
them.  Here  then  Miss  Martin  resolved 
to  make  her  stand ;  she  had  pone  one 
Sunday  to  see  a  female  convict  under 
sentence  of  transportation,  and  had  found 
her  engaged  in  making  a  bonnet.  With 
such  a  fact  before  tbeir  eyes,  but  littlt , 
persuasion  was  needed  on  her  part  to  in« 
duce  the  prisoners  to  pay  some  respect  to  \ 
the  dav  set  apart  by  the  command  of  tho 
Almighty  for  rest.  Some  of  tbeir  own  I 
number  at  first  undertook  Co  read  to  tho  J 
others,  while  sbe  herself  attended  aii4  | 
joined  in  the  service.  The  duty  of  per- 
forming this,  after  a  short  time,  fell  upon 
her  ;  and  she  for  twenty  years  un  remit* 
tingly  continued  it,  both  morning  and 
evening.  Tbe  consequences  of  such  a 
line  of  conduct  may  easily  be  imagined} 
they  have,  indeed,  been  strongly  pof- 
trayed  in  the  quotation  made  above  front 
Captain  Williams's  Report.  It  were  im- 
possible in  a  publication  like  this  to  at- 
tempt to  follow  them  in  detoil,  but  they 
will  be  found  in  her  own  memoir,  and 
itill  more  strikingly  in  tbe  extracts  sub< 
joined  from  bcr  prison  journals,  which 
she  kept  with  great  care;  regularly  re* 
cording  whatever  she  observed  reprding 
the  prisoners,  their  offences,  tbeir  statfl 
of  mind  on  coming  within  the  walls,  the 
effect  she  was  able  to  produce  unon  theoiy 
their  feelings  on  returning  to  tne  world, 
ari!  in  inanv  instances  their  subsequent 
conduct,  and  their  success  or  the  contrary 
in  life. 

To  both  parties  it  is  but  justice  to  add 
thut  the  rcsulu  were  in  the  greater  num* 
her  of  inatancei  satisfactory.  Thesfi 
records  have  by  Miss  Martin's  will  been 
consigned  to  a  lady  in  the  neighbourhood » 
who,  it  is  much  hoped,  may  be  induced  to 
deposit  them  in  the  public  librurv  of  the 
town,  where  and  where  only  they  will 
find  their  proper  resting  place.  They 
m\i  be  frequently  seen  by  those  ac. 
quainCed  with  the  writer,  with  whom 
they  cannot  but  iticrease  their  reverence 
for  her  character,  and  they  may  Ie«d 
others  to  tread  in  her  steps.  Posaiblj 
also  they  may  fall  under  the  eyes  of  aoiao  ' 
one  whose  case  they  record,  and  wbO| 
while  be  reflects  on  his  now  altered  con- 
dition, mav  be  the  more  encouraged  to 
persevere  m  hit  reformed  career,  while 
he  blesses  tbe  ministering  hand,  and 
thanks  the  power  that  guided  and 
prompted  it* 

After  oil,  tbe  question  will  naturally 
occur,  how  it  could  possibly  happen  that 
any  one  situated  like  Miss  Martin  should 
have  bctn  eimbled  to  devote  her  time  to 
pursuits  that  eould  in  no  wise  contribute 
towards  the  providing  of  her  ^*  daily^ 
bread/ '  This  would  have  been  allogethec 
4A 


546 


Obitvabt. — ThorvMsen, 


impouible  without  extrftDeoM  aid.  The 
fiict  wu,  that  ber  whole  dependable  in. 
come  waa  the  interest  of  a  sum  o(  between 
800/.  and  300/. ;  but,  when  it  became 
known  bow  she  employed  herself,  and 
what  good  she  did,  a  lady  who  had 
watched  her  progress  proposed  to  pay  bar 
lor  a  day,  weekly,  as  much  as  she  would 
bate  earned  by  dreu-making ;  and  the 
benevolent  eaample  was  followed  till 
tvery  day  was  so  **  bought  off.*'  Various 
persons  also  contributed  smsU  pecuniary 
aid  to  assist  her  in  finding  emplormeot 
for  dischafged  prisouers ;  and,  finally,  the 
towo-coHndl  persuaded  her,  though  with 
■such  difficulty,  to  accept  an  annual  grant 
of  12/.  meeting  her  remonstrances  with 
the  cogent  remark,  **  If  we  permit  you  to 
Tiait  our  prisons,  you  must  submit  to  our 
terms.'* 

Yet  another  question  may  likewise  poa* 
aiUy  be  asked,  How  could  a  young  woman 
of  low  origin  and  condition,  and  without 
support  from  the  authorities,  insure  re. 
nect,  or  even  decencv,  in  such  a  place  ? 
But  those  who  would  make  the  inquiry 
■re  far  from  conversant  with  human 
nature.  Thev  take  a  very  incorrect  esti« 
mate  of  the  dignity  of  the  female  charac- 
ter, in  whose  train  respect  and  esteem  are 
■o  less  cenain  attendants  than  regard  and 
affection.    If,  according  to  the  poet, 

"  Vice  is  a  creature  of  so  hideous  mien, 
As  to  be  hated  needs  but  to  be  seen,'* 

the  contrary,  happily,  holds  good  with 
Tirtue ;  and  this  was  strikingi  v  exempli, 
fied  in  Miss  Martin,  with  regard  to  whom. 
Captain  Williams  informs  us,  *'only  a 
ringle  instance  is  recorded  of  any  insult 
baring  been  offered  ber,  and  that  was  by 
■  prisoner  of  notoriously  bad  character  ; 
upon  which,*'  he  adds,  **  she  nve  up  her 
attendance  upon  the  ward  be  belonged  to, 
but,  at  the  earnest  entreaty  of  the  others, 
raaumed  her  visits  after  his  dischaif  e.** 

THoavALoasN. 

March  24.  A  t  Copenhagen,  Tborvald- 
•en,  the  celebrsted  sculptor. 

Thorvaldsen  was  bom  on  the  19th  Nov. 
1770,  during  a  journey  made  by  his  family 
from  Iceland  to  Copenhagen.  His  father, 
Qolskalk  Thorvaldsen,  was  a  carver  of 
figure-heads  for  ships;  his  mother  the 
daughter  of  a  clergymsn.  The  child 
showed  an  early  disposition  for  drawing, 
and  was  placed  by  bis  parents,  whose  cir. 
eumstances  were  narrow,  at  the  Arts 
Academy  of  Copenhagen,  where  he  was 
received  without  cbaiige.  He  began  early 
to  exercise  his  skill  it  is  said,  upon  the 
figure-heads  at  which  his  father  laboured, 
and  at  which  the  young  Thorvaldsen 
would  work  when  be  cacried  bia  dinner  to 


the  carver  at  the  wharf.  At  tbo  Aob- 
demv  he  gained  no  priae,  bowevtr»  vatfl 
1787,  and  the  great  silver  medal  two  f^mn 
later,  when  the  historical  painter  JkJbOd^ 
nard  took  a  fancy  to  him,  and  mtw  bka 
further  instruction  in  the  general  priacU 
pies  of  art.  In  1791  Thorvaldsen  caiBoi 
the  small  gold  medal  for  his  coropoaitiOB 
of  * '  Heliodorus  chaaed  from  the  Teoaplo**' 
and  at  the  same  time  the  patronage  cw  th« 
Minister  of  State,  (^nt  Reventlow.  Im 
1793  bis  measo-relievo  of  *'  Peter  Heal* 
ing  a  Lame  Man  at  the  Gates  of  tho 
Temple"  obtained  for  the  young  saan  thm 
great  gold  medal  and  the  three  yeara*  tra* 
veiling  studentship.  Bat  before  ho  took 
advantage  of  the  means  thus  afforded  ta 
him  for  risiting  the  wonders  of  art  in  tho 
South,  he  devoted  a  couple  of  yeara  tola* 
hour  at  home,  and  completed  several  pioeea 
of  aculpture. 

On  the  20th  of  May,  1796»  ThomOd- 
sen  \e(i  Copenhagen  in  a  Danish  ship  of 
war;  but  the  voyage  of  the  young  aculptor 
was  so  tedious  and  dangerous  that  he  did 
not  reach  Rome  till  May,  1797,  baviiy 
passed  by  Malta,  Naples,  and  Memo. 
The  presence  of  the  mat  worka  of  art 
which  here  surrounded  him,  if  thej  ia« 

Sired  him  with  energy  and  emuUtkMi. 
led  him  oftentimes  with  despair  t  aa« 
stories  are  told  of  works  completed  hj  tbo 
young  man,  and  then  broken  to  pieoea 
and  thrust  aside  in  a  comer  of  hia  studio* 
However  others  might  praise  him,  he  was 
the  last  to  be  contented  with  himaelf. 
His  three  years*  salary  was  come  to  an 
end,  and  he  had  made  preparations  to  re* 
turn  to  Denmark,  with  the  clay  model  of 
his  Jason  statue,  which  he  had  completed 
for  the  academy  (after  having  broken  up 
the  first  figure  of  the  natural  aiie),  when 
Mr.  Hope  ordered  the  marble  of  him,  and 
enabled  him,  by  his  munificent  remuneii* 
tion,  to  remain  in  Rome.  Shortly  after 
wealth  and  honour  now  flowed  in  upon 
him.  All  the  great  patrons  of  art  throuj^. 
out  Europe  were  anxious  for  works  from 
his  hands,  and  he  remained  in  Rome  until 
1819,  occupied  with  prodigioua  activity. 
Having  to  make  a  Bsonument  for  the  Swiss 
who  fell  at  Paris  in  1798  (the  wounded 
lion),  he  determined  to  visit  the  place 
where  the  monnment  was  to  be  erected, 
and  at  the  same  time  to  take  the  oppor- 
tunity of  rewriting  his  native  country. 
While  in  Copenhagen  the  Government 
ordered  from  him  statuee  of  the  '*  Sa- 
viour,** the  «*fiaptiat»'*  and  the  *'  Twelve 
Apoetles,*'  for  the  Frauenkirche,  then 
newlv  built;  and  it  waa  with  theae  works 
that  he  occupied  himself  especially  on  his 
return  to  Rome. 

He  returned  to  Copenhagen  finally  in 
1837,  bavii^  oompleted,  in  the  £wty.tWO 


1844.] 


OuiTUAKY.— Thorvaldten, 


547 


■  T1C«  U 


79iirB  of  hifl  Ubour,  about  two  hundred 
great  works  And  a  great  number  of  buita. 

A  Renes  of  outlines  from  Tborviildften*§ 
works  (StuttRBfd^  1839}^  from  which  the 
above  biogriphical  sketch  is  taken,  men- 
iiona  the  English  possessors  of  some  of 
fa  Is  pnneipal  pieces,  Mr.  Hope  was  the 
purchiwer  of  the  *•  Jason,"  the  **  Py*che/' 
and  the  **  Genius  and  Art ;"  the  Duke  of 
Bedford  of  the  bas-relief  of  <*  BriBeis;" 
Lord  Lucan  of  tba  fmnoua  **  \>kj  and 
Niffht  ;*'  Lord  Asbburton  of  the  *'  H«b«t'* 
and  Lord  F.  Eg«rton  of  the  **  Ouny- 
mede.'*  His  statye  of  Lord  Byron,  in* 
tended  for  Westminster  Abbey^  but  re> 
fused  admission  by  tbe  late  Dean  of  Weat- 
nunaterj  remains  at  present  unerected. 

Among  bis  priiicipal  work*  were  tbe 
model  of  the  **  Triumpbof  Alexander/*  a 
bas  reliefr  140  feet  long  and  three  feet 
high,  conceived  and  executed  in  three 
months,  Thorvald!ien  haWng  agreed  to  ex- 
ecute it  for  Napoleon's  residencef  tbe 
Pope's  Palace,  on  the  Quirir^iJ,  showing 
tbe  moat  tnastcrly  modelling  ever  seen. 
His  **  Mercury  slaying  Argus''  is  unri- 
Vallcdt  and  among  a  collection  of  the  an- 
tique uppears  where  it  ought  to  be.  Hi% 
equestrian  statue  of  Poniatowsky  is  a 
largo  work,  not  equally  worthy  of  him  ; 
but  Poniarowiiky  standing  is  perfect^  only 
eclipaed  by  Flaiman's  '*  Str  John  Moore," 
His  great  grotip  of  "  St.  John  Preaching 
in  the  Wilderness*'  is  chanictensed  by  a 
species  of  Haphaclesque  et^pression,  and 
one  portion,  a  youth  leaning  on  the  shoul- 
der of  an  old  uian.iR  the  mo<it  divine  thrj»g 
ever  aeen  \  the  inlellectunl  expression  of 
calm  old  agc«  and  tbe  tiwakenuig  intelU- 

fence  of  the  youlb,  elevnte  the  «oul  »o  a 
egree  not  to  bo  conceived  unless  seen, 
Hia  "  Saviour  and  tbe  Twelve  Apostles,'* 
a  cotoMal  work  — Christ  being  18  feet 
faighi  and  the  others  12  each — are  won- 
derliilly  draped  figures,  characteristic  to 
the  highest  degree  of  the  different  men : 
tbe  draperies  aeem  at  if  one  could  raise 
tbem,  they  are  ao  exqui rifely  cast  and 
executed.  His  great  mooumetit  of  the 
Pope  Pius,  in  8t*  Peter's,  contrnsts  uri- 
favourably  with  Canova,  who  was  the 
greater  artiKt  of  the  two  innudo — witness 
**  Palamedes,'*  the  "  Nixos^The<*eus,'* 
and  tbe  »»  Centaur,*'  contrssted  with 
Thorvaldsen'n  **Mara;"  but  in  femide 
form  and  simple  beauty  of  eapre»«ion 
Thorvaldsen  wn^  immeasurably  bis  supe- 
rior, witness  the  contrast  of  tbe  two 
"  Hebes,"  »'  Nightand  Morning/'  *•  Her- 
cules and  lo,*'  and  tbe  multitude  of  beau- 
tifttl  little  exquisite  bos-reliefa  Tborvald. 
Ben  waa  ever  producing. 

Benevolence  and  simplicity  marked  bis 
character ;  no  artist  ever  asked  bif  ad* 
vicff  that  he  did  not  feel  attxioui  to  g1vi» 


it«  He  really  livedt  as  he  said  an  artist 
ought  to  do,  for  art  itseif.  Though  sim. 
pie  in  hi«  manners,  he  was  the  companion 
of  princes,  but  esttmuting  them  only  ai 
they  loved  art,  and  fipproximated  the  artist. 
The  present  King  of  Bavaria  was  bit 
ptipiland  friend.  The  Giardinodi  Malta, 
belonging  to  his  Majesty^  opposite  Thor* 
valdsen*s  studio,  was  itself  a  studio. 
Everybody  loved  Thorvuldsen,  and  tbe 
enthusiHsm  of  hit  countrymen,  when  be 
returned  to  Copenhagen,  having  be« 
quiMitbed  tbe  resiiftB  of  bis  long  life  to 
tbemf  speaks  volumes  as  to  their  feelinga* 

On  tbe  evening  of  his  death  Tborv 
valdsen  went«  at  waa  his  custom,  to  the 
tbeatre.  Before  tbe  commencement  of 
the  performance  be  suddenly  fell  bnck  in 
his  seat,  and  be  was  earned  oiit^  and 
soon  after  breathed  his  last.  To  tbe 
last  day  of  bis  life  be  preserved  his  a<!<» 
tivity  aftd  cheerfulness  of  spirits*  and  be 
was  engaged  on  some  important  worka« 
among  which  may  fie  mentioned  a  colonu 
statue  of  Hercules  tor  tlie  PaUce  of 
Cbristianburgb.  All  be  died  possessed  of 
he  bas  beqtfeathed  to  (he  Thurvaldsen 
Museum  j  huff  with  the  exception  cf  hia 
works  of  art,  bis  property  \h  not  so  great 
as  wtis  imagined.  He  bad  been  working 
on  a  buBit  of  Luther  on  the  day  of  bia 
death.  He  waa  about  five  feet  nir»e  inchea 
in  height,  with  n  broad  and  low  forehead, 
and  flowing  grey  bair- 

Thorvaldsen  was  honoured  with  a 
public  funt-ral  at  Cnpenhwgcn  on  the 
mih  of  March.  Tbe  body  lay  in  state 
the  day  previous,  in  the  room  appropriated 
to  antique  work«  of  sculpfure  in  the  Thor^ 
^-aldsen  Museum.  Here  tbe  ceremony 
commenced  the  next  morning  at  eleven 
o'clock  with  a  dirge,  composed  by  Hoist 
and  Kung,  and  executed  by  all  the  iitu- 
denta  of  the  Academy  of  Fine  Arti, 
After  this  the  Rev,  Dr.  Ciuu»#^e«  deli- 
vered an  oration  upon  the  gen«uti  of  the 
deceased.  The  coffin  was  then  taken 
down  and  placed  in  the  hearse,  duHng 
which  the  members  of  the  Italian  Opera, 
who  were  ptaced  in  Thorvaldiien**  i^tudio, 
l^ertormed  a  eant^ia  in  Italian,  wntten  by 
Sperati,  and  compoied  by  HoUt ;  and 
when  the  hearae  moved  slowly  away  tbe 
students  of  the  Academy  of  Fme  Arta 
sang  another  plaintive  aoTig  from  the  baU 
cony  of  the  building.  The  mourntul  pro- 
cession waa  beaded  by  two  of  the  most 
eminent  members  of  the  Academy  of  Fine 
Arts,  followed  by  ab'KH  h<X>  »«tudent»; 
aHer  them  came  all  Thor>'i«ld«en*»  coun- 
trymen—ail  the  IccUndcra  now  residing 
here^and  then,  alroott  wit^nui  eaception, 
all  tbe  ariistu  in  tbe  •  ^       f»Uin  ooaa 

coffin  came  next,  y^ 
one  side  wjtb  a  carvuiij  ut  mo  i 


54B 


Obitcary. — The  Rev.Jamei  Carlos. 


[May, 


a  design  from  t'le  grett  master**  ou-n 
hand,  and  of  Victor3r  on  the  other.  On 
the  coffin  were  placed  interwoven  branches 
of  palms  and  c>'pre5s,  but  none  of  the  nu- 
merous decorations  belonging  to  the  de- 
ceased sculptor.  On  the  canopv  of  the 
hearse  was  placed  one  of  the  last  and 
most  beautiful  works  of  the  great  artist, — 
Hope  leaning  on  on  anchor.  Next  came, 
immediately  after  the  corpse,  as  chief 
mourners,  all  the  members  of  the  Aca- 
demy of  Fine  Arts,  headed  by  their  Pre- 
sident, his  Royal  Highness  the  Crown 
Prince,  followed  by  all  the  other  Ro^l 
Princes,  and  a  great  number  of  the  prin. 
cipal  officers  of  state,  officers  of  the  army 
and  navy,  and  upwvds  of  8,000  citizens 
of  all  classes.  The  streets  through  which 
the  procession  passed,  from  the  Aluseum 
to  the  church,  were  lined  en  eapaiier  with 
the  different  companies  of  trades,  with 
their  colours  and  ensigns  covered  ^-ith 
crape,  and  they  themselves  in  deep  moam- 
ing.  The  streets  were  lined  in  the  same 
manner  by  the  different  regiments  of  the 

Sirrison,  and  the  whole  distance  from  the 
luseum  to  the  Frauenkirche  (about  an 
English  mile)  was,  according  to  the  an- 
cient  Scandinavian  custom,  strewn  with 
white  sand  intermixed  with  juniper  leaves. 
At  the  entry  of  the  church  His  Majesty 
the  King,  in  deep  mourning,  received  the 
corpse,  and  after  the  coffin  had  been 
placed  on  a  catafalque,  which  had  been 
erected  for  that  purpose,  the  Reqniem  was 
performed,  written  by  one  of  Thorvald- 
sen's  friends,  Adnm  Oehlcnschlager,  and 
composed  by  Glaser.  The  Bishop  of 
Zealand  then  performed  the  funeral  ser- 
vice, and  delivered  an  oration ;  after  which 
the  coffin  wiis  consigned  to  its  last  abode, 
during  which  time  the  students,  amounting 
to  several  thousands,  who  had  not  found 
admittance  into  the  interior  of  the  church 
and  had  placed  themselves  in  the  church- 
yard, sang  a  hymn,  also  written  and  com- 
posed for  the  occasion.  Her  Majesty  and 
all  the  Royal  Princesses  occupied  the 
Royal  pew  during  the  whole  of  the  cere- 
mony. The  bells  of  all  the  churches  in 
the  capiul  tolled  from  eleven  till  two 
o'clock,  and  when  the  procession  came  in 
sight  the  Dead  March  from  Saui  was 
performed.  A  monument  upon  a  magni- 
ncent  scale  will  be  erected  to  his  memory, 
at  the  public  expense,  for  which  subscrip. 
tion  lists  have  already  been  opened,  headed 
by  His  Majesty. 

The  Rev.  James  Carixis. 
Feb,  14.  After  a  long  and  severe  ill. 
ness,  in  his  72nd  year,  the  Rev.  James 
Carlos,  of  Frostenden  Grove,  in  the 
county  of  Suffolk,  formerly  of  Caius 
College,    Cambridge,   and    forty    years 


Rector  of  Thorpe  by  Haddiseoe.  Nor. 
folk,  to  which  he  was  preaented  in  1801^ 
by  the  then  Lord  Chancellor. 

He  was  the  only  son  of  tli«  RcvMcnd 
James  Carlos,  many  yean  Rector  of  Blo- 
field  in  Norfolk,  and  last  dcaceadant*  of 
Colonel  Carless,  or  Carlis,  the  fftitbfol 
friend  and  companion  of  King  Chttrica 
the  Second,  at  Boscobel,  after  the  hBtde 
of  Worcester  in  1651 .  Of  an  amiabl*  and 
benevolent  disposition,  posseasiiw  great 
kindliness  of  heart,  be  did  much  good 
without  ostentation,  and  hat  leflt  mumf 
sorrowing  friends. 

Colonel  Carlis  is  thus  mentioned  in  • 
small  volume  published  in  1600,  entitled, 
Boscobel,  or  the  History  of  hit  Soered 
Majesties  most  miraculous  preserrstioa 
after  the  Battle  of  Worcester.  *•  Thie 
Col.  William  Carlis  was  bom  at  BnMi. 
ball  in  Staffordshire,  within  two  uUct 
of  Boscobel,  of  good  parentage;  it  a 
person  of  approved  valour,  and  was  en- 
gaged, all  along,  in  the  first  war  for  hit 
late  Majesty,  of  happy  memory,  and 
since  his  death  has  been  no  less  active  for 
his  Majestv  that  now  is  ;  for  which,  and 
his  particular  service  and  fidelity  before. 
mentioned,  his  Majesty  has  been  pleated 
bv  letters  patent,  under  the  treat  teal  of 
England,  to  give  him,  by  ttie  name  of 
William  Carlos,  (which  in  Spaniah  aigni- 
fies  Charles,)  this  very  honourable  coat  of 
armes  in  perpetuam  rei  Memortam,  at  *tit 
expressed  in  the  letters  patents : 


•  We  observe  that  the  Editor  of  the 
Boscobel  Tracts,  published  a  few  yean 


!8M,] 


OniTVXnY^^Geofffe  LacJcington,  Esq. 


549 


*^  He  htui  upon  an  CNike  proper,  tn  a 
field  or,  a  fesse  giiles  charged  with  three 
rt'giil  crowns  of  the  second  p  by  the  name 
ot"  Carlos  ;  and  for  bis  crest  a  civk  crown 
or  oaken  gAriand,  with  a  sword  and  ftcep- 
ter  crosaed  through  it  saltierwiae/* 


GEoacE  Lackington,  Esti. 

March  3L  At  his  cottage  in  the  Cir- 
cus Road,  St.  Job  n*B  Wood,  8ged  70,  George 
Lackington,  E{»q,,  the  once  eminent  book* 
idler  nnd  publisher  of  the  Temple  of  the 
Muses  at  FinRbury  Square. 

He  WRfi  nephew  to  that  singular  and 
well-known  character,  the  elder  Lacking- 
ton,  who,  when  be  had  realised  a  hand- 
some fortune^  resoked  to  retire  from 
business,  and  dose  his  life  in  the  country. 
At  that  time  the  father  of  Mr.  George 
Lackington,  a  thriving  coal  merchant^  of 
the  tame  n»me  but  b  very  distant  if  any 
relation  Co  the  bookseller^  thought  it  would 
be  a  judicious  establishment  for  his  son  to 
purchase  into  a  concern  where  that  name 
was  so  eitensively  and  profitably  known, 
George  thus  became  a  publisher^  and  for 
many  years  carried  on  the  trade  in  eory unc- 
tion with  Mr.  Allen  an  (excellent  judge  of 
old  books),  and  Mr.  Ilutfhes,  the  lessee 
ftUo  of  Sadler's  Welb.  When  the  splen- 
did Temple  of  tha  Musea  was  erected, 
the  contractor  for  mail  coaches  (we  believe 
another  tlitwping  partner)  drove  a  coach 
and  four  horses  round  the  interior  of  the 
dome,  as  a  proof  of  its  capaciousness. 
When  surrounded  with  thousands  of  vo. 
lumes,  it  was  indeed  the  most  extraordi- 
nary librsry  in  the  world  -,  and  their  puhli- 
cutiotis,  almost  the  first  of  cheap  literature^ 
were  wonderfully  entensive and  prolitable, 
Mr,  A.  Kirkman,  Mr.  Mavor  (son  of 
Dr.  i\3avor  of  Woodstock),  and  the  late 
Mr.  Joseph  Harding  (of  whom  we  gave  a 
biographical  notice  in  our  number  for 
January  l«»t),w€realsoafterwards  partners, 
but  the  parties  separated  in  consequence 
of  Various  deathfi  and  casualtie}*^  and  the 
firm  was  continued  in  Pall  Mall  East  un- 
der  the  name  of  Harding  and  Lepard. 
The  Temple  itself  was  destroyed  by  fire, 
artd  is  noiv  little  more  than  a  shdl. 

During  big  later  years  Mr.  Lacktngton 
was  one  of  the  officiul  assignees  of  bank* 
rupts  in  London,  and  in  the  discharge  of 
his  official  duties  be  was  singularly  able, 
from  his  talents  for  figure^i,  his  punctu- 
ality, bis  address,  and  his  experience. 

Mr.    George    Lackington    married    a 

sincet  states  that  Colonel  Carlos  had  no 
son,  and  could  conseqtiently  have  no  de- 
scendants in   ifae  male  line.     Wi*   inav 
add,  however,  that  our  old  wM 
correspondentf  Mr.  £«  L  ^ 
to  be  ■  deactndniic  of  the  i 


daughter  of  Captain  Bullock,  R.N.,  and 
has  left  two  daughters,  both,  we  are  in* 
formed,  eligibly  married.  He  was  in  all 
respects  a  worthy  member  of  society ; 
urbane  in  his  manners^  well  informed,  and 
umvcraally  esteemed. 

CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Jan,  21.  At  Gateshead,  aged  55,  the 
Rev.  HamitioH  Murratf, 

Jan.  "23,  The  Rev.  Htnry  Normanp 
M.A«  Perpetual  Curate  of  Moreton,  and 
Lecturer  of  Newport.  He  was  of  St. 
Catharine's-httll,  C*imbridge,  B*A,  1821. 

At  Riverview  Avenue,  Rathgar,  aged 
67,  the  Rev.  Skepngtnn  Preiton,  Hector 
of  Drumconra,  co.  Meath,  only  surviving 
brother  of  the  late  Lord  Tara.  He  was 
of  St,  John's  college,  Cambridge^  B.A. 
1800. 

At  Redcar,  Yorkshire,  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Saul,  M.A.,  Incumbent  of 
Wilton,  in  Cleveland.  He  was  of  St. 
John's  college,  Cambridge,  B.A,  1794* 
as  :M  Wrangler,  M*A,  1797. 

At  Clowance,  Cornwall,  aged  5!8,  tbe 
Rev.  John  KfoUnewih  SI.  Auhyn,  Vicar 
of  Oowan.  He  was  of  Queen's  college^ 
Oxford*  BX.L.  1788  ^  and  succeeded  in 
1839  to  Clowance,  and  the  ancient  estates 
annexed ,  on  the  death  of  bis  uncle,  the 
late  Sir  John  St.  Aubyn.  Bart,  (of  ivhose 
will  see  the  particulars  in  our  Vol.  XH. 

E.  542),  and  thereupon  received  the  royal 
cence  to  assume  the  name  of  St.  Aubvn, 
and  bear  the  arms  of  that  family  in  the  first 
quarter.  The  like  privilege  bas  now  been 
grmited  to  his  next  brother,  the  Rev. 
H  coder  Moles  worth  (see  p.  415). 

Jan.  S4.  The  Rev.  BratmuM  Goddard, 
for  twenty-eight  years  Perpetual  Curate 
of  Lingwood,  Norfolk,  which  was  in  his 
own  patronage.  He  was  formerly  of 
Corpus  Christ!  college,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1799, 

At  Barton  Stacey,  Hampshire,  the  Rev. 
Henry  Middleton^  \''icar  ot  that  porisb. 

*/tfit.  2 J.  The  Rev,  Jtfftty  Dwie§f 
Curate  of  Cadoxton,  co.  Glamorgan,  met 
with  bis  death  by  falling  into  a  pit 
newly  made  for  the  purpose  of  inserting  a 
post  in  a  sbip. building  yard  at  Neatb* 
Xbe  bole  in  which  the  body  was  found 
was  only  two  feet  and  a  half  diameter  at 
the  surface,  two  feet  at  the  bottom,  and 
six  feet  in  depth.  The  body,  when  disco* 
vered,  was  in  a  sitting  posture,  but,  from 

the  itm '■■■■-■-    *  *^     bole,  nearly  doubled 

up  ;  ti  ,tvd  above  the  level 

ot  tht^  is  pressed  dnwn  on 

tha  cheat,  htoiu  ikv  ^andy  nature  of  the 
aafl  Vl»r  beds  could  get  no  ptirchase,  aU 
-'ta  of  il      ■'  imn 


S50 


CUr^  Dee$9aed* 


[M«y, 


wnd  which  ti«  )mk  dlt^boed  (mm  the 
rid«t  of  tfa«  bote  tnd  dtpovited  in  hit  lip, 
and  wliieli  pwtiftlly  fiUed  bit  moitth  Ktnl 

r,    TIm  dccvated  bw  left  a  widow  and 
diildfon  to  Xmmvnt    %%mif   t«d    itid 
fQdden  beremrement. 

The  Hev.  /am«f  /m«#,  for  twenty 
mri  Vicir  of  iIm  iifdttd  pArbbet  of 
Machry,  Omiftoti,  tfid  St.  Nidiokt*, 
Pombroketbire,  md  Eurtl  Detn  of  Upper 
llowalttiid. 

•/««.  36.  At  IttiDfton,  aged  33,  th^ 
Eev.  John  Ra^^  eldett  ton  of  tba  bte 
John  Rar.  ei<}.  of  Fioobkey, 

The  fUv.  inifiMii  W^kn,  DXX.p 
for  fifty -eight  mri  Roetor  of  firidif. 
Wiler  with  Cbiltcm*  and  twenty. nine 
yt«rf  Vicar  of  Kilron»  SooMifaetibire,  and 
a  iTM^ftnite  for  chat  iMMinty.  He  wai  of 
Onc\  collefire*  Oxford.  B.C.U  Mm,  and 
D.CX.  18)5;  was  presented  Co  Bridg- 
water in  1780  by  Lord  Chancellor  Thur- 
low,  and  to  Kuton  by  Lord  Chancellor 
£idon. 

Ittn.  98.  Ax  Ladofic,  Conm*alU  iffed 
8?,  the  Rer.  Hmr^  IKare,  M.A-,  Rector 
of  I  bat  parish,  to  which  he  waf  presented 
in  1832  by  John  Wure,  esq. 

/an*  31*  At  Micford  vicmnges,  North- 
umberland, Bged  Oi,   the   Htv.    W.   D, 

Ftb.  6,  Al  Kirk  Andreas  rvctory,  Isle 
of  Men,  the  Ven/oAa  CVeil  Hail,  B.CX. 
Archdeacon  of  thst  l«l»nd,  and  Reetor  of 
Ktrk  Andreas,  fie  wat  the  youngest  ion 
of  the  Iste  Very  Rev.  Charles  Henry 
Hall«  D.D.  I>esn  of  Christ  Church,  Ox- 
ford,  by  the  lion,  Anna  Maris  Bridget 
Byng,  aunt  to  the  present  Viscount  Tor. 
rinfi^on*  tie  was  a  student  of  Cbnat 
Church,  and  was  prasented  in  IlikSS  by  the 
liOrd  Cbsneellor  to  the  rectory  of  Grrat 
Omtinfhiin  with  Bodney.  Norfolk,  in 
1690  b«  was  appointed  Archdcncon  of 
Man  and  Rector  of  Kirk  Andreim.  The 
Arehdeaeon  was  a  mun  of  lively  and  en- 
gsgling  mJiiinef^,  an  afiiisble  smd  sineer* 
Chn«tt«n»  Btid  may  be  oitniiifU'red  to  hsve 
baoo  suoooasful  ill  MW^  having  bean  boe 
noured  with  tba  rrgard  of  Lordi  Mel- 
booma,  Ruasall,  Brotagbaoi,  and  L/nd* 
burat.  Ill  p^Uciei  bo  was  a  nsodtrnta  Whi^i 
\m  bii  valiitiooa  views  a  ooMistent  obureb- 
nan.  The  cause  of  bit  death  was  typhui 
fever,  caught  from  a  ttek  parishioner,  while 
In  tbt  eonscientioui  disenarge  ol  bis  pas* 
toral  engage  men  ts.  It  is  singular  that 
tti  ^  -  of  **  The  Primitive  Church  in 
li  iry/*   lie.    should    Hnvc   jij«t 

nu    :  ,  HI  a  note  attached  to  bin  work, 

tbts  praise  of  the  Mini  clergy  i — **  Tbo 
alarfy  of  the  Isle  of  Man  are  an  axoal* 
loni  apeelmen  of  what  Chrtsttan  loinislara 
•boiOd  be,  A  Manx  Iriand  wvitaa, 
*  Typbut  fewr  bM  loan  niging  btit  to 


the  last  month »  and  many  among  tbe 
lower  orden  have  fallen  vietioM  to  tbo 
mskdy.     I  am  happy  to  say  that  . 

(naming  a  clergyman)  has  acted  a  nHMt 
praiseworthy  part  in  visiting  them  when 
alive ;  and,  after  tbe  viul  spark  bad  Hown, 
he  actually  put  them  into  the  coftftsT  ** 
And  then  otben  of  the  clergy  are  bcKioor- 
ably  named,  together  with  tba  fijabop 
and  Archde«con  Hall.  Alaaf  bafora  lUa 
book  was  many  days  before  tba  puUie, 
this  catoemed  Archdeacon  had  fallen  a 
sacrifice  to  the  conscientious  teal  with 
which  be  performed  bis  ciartoal  dUin- 
tions.  The  excellent  Bishop  of  tie  So- 
ease  (Dr.  &bort)  with  oonduet  worthy  of 
tbe  author  of  *^Wbat  ia  Cbriatianity?*' 
ihrunk  not  from  his  impofative  duty 
also,  and,  on  the  Wednesday  before  his 
death,  was  praying  by  tbe  bad-aide  of  tbe 
Ismented  Archdeacon «  Mr.  Hall  married 
Feb.  8,  l«i33l,  Kimnoea  Amelia,  elder 
daughter  of  the  Hon.  John  Wiiwfiald 
Scmtford,  and  cousin  to  Viieoujtt  Pow> 
erseourt» 

FBh,  0.  At  his  rooms  in  Jeiva  eel* 
lege,  Oxford,  the  Rev.  Tkowmt  Dwim, 
B.U.  lately,  and  for  many  years,  Senior 
Fellow  and  Bursar  of  that  Society^  Mn4 
Rector  ol  Besiis.legb,  Berks.  Mr, 
Daviea  was  a  native  of  D«Bb%bafali«. 
Ha  was  bom  in  1780,  and  anlarwl  at  m 
commoner  of  Jesus  college,  Oxford, 
March  16,  1799.  In  llliK>2  he  obtained  • 
Scholsrship,  and  in  tbe  toUo^'ing  mr 
became  Fellow  of  thst  bouse,  B.A.  Nov. 
a*  i^yir  M.  A.  June  17,  l»U6,and  Junior 
Proctor  of  the  University  in  1811.  In 
1813  (May  W)  be  proeaeded  Bachelor  in 
Divinity.  In  early  Hfe,  and  immediately 
after  taking  his  Master^  degree,  we  bo* 
Heve  Mr,  Da  vies  accepted  a  chaplaincy 
in  tha  Royal  Navy,  where  be  served  on 
Itosrd  the  Ribernia,  then  stationed  in  tbe 
Mediterranean ;  but  for  many  yrtn  be 
has  resided  constantly  in  the  Univenity, 
where*  as  well  as  in  the  neighbourhood, 
his  kindliness  of  feeling,  unaffected  boa* 
pitelity,  and  tbe  hone»t  openneis  of  hla 
cbafacier,  had  endaared  btm  to  a  very  es* 
tctisiva  aequaMitance,  by  whom  he  waa 
■raacly  aKeamadf  and  is  now  universally 
bmonted.  And,  it  must  be  added,  that 
tn  this  feeling  the  poor,  both  of  Osfot^ 
and  BesiU.li*gh  aincerely  participate,  for 
ha  waa  truly  liberml  in  bii  thahtias  In 
both  plaovs.  llii  remiuns  were  depoalt- 
ed  at  B««ili.Ugh  on  tbe  tick,  wbarv  bt 
was  ItUiowed  to  the  grave  by  bis  nepbiaw. 
the  Principal,  nine  of  tbe  Fellowa  and 
some  of  the  Incuml>ents  of  Jesus,  by  the 
Warden  of  New  CuUega  and  Mr.  WiU 
Jianie,  his  oM  and  tned  fHends,  Mr» 
GkMigb  lately  Fellow  of  Jesus*  and  Mr, 
Short  ol    Trtntty,    Mr.  Duffidd,  Mg* 


4 


1&440 


OBITtf4BT. 


SSI 


Wintle  of  St.  John'«»  Mr.  Watson  of 
BriMtiose^  Mr«  Wtlaon  of  Trinttjr,  Mr, 
Tuck  well,  Aiid  some  other  friends  und 
neighbour*, 

Fe^.  XL  At  tb«  Fifionnge,  Wren. 
bury,  near  Nantwtcb,  Cbetfaire,  aged  65, 
the  Kev,  Gilhert  V^^drey,  He  was  the 
eldeKt  fion  of  Dariiel  Vawdfey,  p>q,,  of 
Mtddtevrichf  (by  Mary  his  second  wife, 
daughter  and  co.heire««  of  Peter*  S««- 
tnan^  taq.,  of  Warrinffton^)  and  hiilf- 
brotber  to  D^intel  Vnwdroy,  etq.,  of 
Plai-gwynant,  co.  Carnar?oni  wboae 
death  we  io  recnttly  noticed  (aee  our 
Feb.  No.  p,  203),  Mr,  Vavrdrey  waa 
firit  ordained  to  the  curacy  of  Holmc^s 
Cbapeli  near  MiddJe^iicb,  which  be  held 
for  icvenil  yeara,  until  he  was  presented 
(o  the  living  of  Wrenbury,  (in  1810,)  by 
the  Rev.  Edward  Htnchliffe,  M.Am 
then  Vicar  of  Acton,  afterwards  Eeetor  of 
BarthoniJey,  in  which  pariah  it  is  tituate* 
Be  t»ad,  Cherefon?,  held  thii  tricumb^nfy 
for  33  ycAHi  at  the  time  of  his  death. 
W^e  regret  to  say  tliat  the  end  of  this 
worthy  md  aniitible  gentleman  was  has* 
tened  by  huvirrg  cnught  a  severe  cold  on  a 
jounity  to  Cheater,  whither  be  wa§ 
obligied  to  go,  at  the  fate  aatixes,  on  the 
OPOMJon  of  a  prosecution  ugainst  a  party 
who  liad  committed  a  burglary  at  hia 
ImisMi  and  of  which  he  waa  then  con- 
victed. 


DEATHS. 

LONDOK  AND  ITS  VICISITY. 

^^.9.  Ac  North  BKiton»  aged  59, 
Charlea  t'eake,  esq. 

Feb.  \9,  James  Underwood^  eiq.  of 
PaddiDgton^boaief  Talfe-bill. 

Feb,  S6.  At  Streatham,  Ano,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  lata  George  Banket »  eaq.  of 
Balham-Uill* 

Fek,9$.  AtNorwood»Bf«d3d,Tbooias 
lUdclyiTa  Sfmm$  of  X>ttblia  aad  Baikf  beg , 
CO.  WickloiTt 

*  Mr«  Seaman  was  the  descendant  of 
an  old  and  reapectable  family  resident  at 
Middlcwich  for  Mrveral  generations.     He 


died  ID  November,  17tr7,  leaving  i 
five  daughtfft,  vis,  t  L  Elizabeth,  mar* 
ried  to  Jamea  Nicholson,  ejri|.,  of  War* 
rington  }  £.  Mary,  married  to  DatiiH 
Vawdrey,  esq. ;  3.  Catharine,  married 
to    Jofiiah    Perrin,    esq.;      4.     Hannah, 

■  married   to    Sir    William    David   Evans, 

■  knight,  many  years  on«  of  the  Benchtn 
I  of  Qray'a  inn,  and  snccessiTely  a  Cbair* 
H         man  ot  (he   Quarter  Sessions,  and  Vjc«« 

■  Chancellor  of  the  county  ^lAtine  of 
H        Lancaster,  and  Recorder  and  President  of 

■  the  ~ 

■  mi 


the  Vice  Admiralty   Court  of  Bombay 
and  6*  Any,  who  died  vsoiaiiicd* 


M9rc^  5.  At  Brliton,  aged  67,  Mary, 
relict  of  William  Banilietd,  eaq.  formerly 
of  Calcutta. 

MareA  4,  Aged  83,  Thomaa  Flower 
EUb,  eaq.  of  Bed  ford -bill,  Streatbam. 

IforcA  6.  At  Putney,  aged  7a,  Ricbard 
Lee,  esq. 

March  14.  In  Sloane-it.  aged  38 » 
Robert  Uingettoa,  esq,  M.D, 

Suddenly,  at  the  Brunswick  Hotel, 
Blackwall,  aged  TO,  Ann^  relict  of  William 
Pearce,  esq,  a  magistrate  of  Eaaez. 

In  AMgatc  Highest,  aged  58,  Georft 
Barker,  eaq. 

Aged  63,  Wro,  Anderaoo,  esq.  of  Pad* 
dington,  Engineer  to  the  Grand  Junction 
W^ater  Wurka  Company,  and  to  ibe  Ejiettr 
Water  Works. 

AfarcA  15.  Aged  53,  Catharine,  wife 
of  John  W^hlte,  esq,  of  St*  Aodrew'i-pl. 
Regont't-park, 

March  Iti.  In  Lower  Berkeley-atreet, 
aged  90,  Mary,  wife  of  John  W.  Com- 
merell,  of  Strood,  Soste^, 

At  Dalstoo,  aged  81,  Robert  Carter,  esq.. 

In  Cor^on-at.  Henrietta,  relict  of  John 
Balfour,  eaq,  of  Trenabayi  and  of  Charltoo* 
Kent. 

At  Clapbam  Riae,  ajged  80,  Sarah, widow 
of  John  Scott  W^biting,  eaq,  of  Epsomi 
and  sister  of  the  late  Jueeph  Muakett,  esq. 
of  Easton  Hall. 

March  17.  Aged  86,  Mr*  John  Grove*, 
of  Cbartton-oreaoentv  laMngioo.  After 
leaving  several  legaoiea  to  distant  relatione 
and  friends,  be  baa  bequeathed  sums  to  va* 
rious  charitable  and  mbtionary  iooietieii 
he*  amounting  to  ^,600/.,  aceumnleted  by 
industry  nnd  t-conomy. 

In  Harley-at.  Rot>crt  Prickett^  esq.  of 
Octoa  Lodge,  Yorkshire,  and  UpUMI 
Cottage,  Broedataira, 

March  16.  In  Upper  Brook-tt.  aged 
n,  the  Hon.  Charlea  Watkin  Neville CboU 
mondeley,  yo«iif;eet  eeo  of  Lord  Delamere. 

At  CloreiMion  Hovee,  aged  85,  th# 
Right  Hon*  Maria* Eleanor  the  dowager 
Countess  of  Clarendon.  She  was  the 
young<^tt  dau.  and  oo-bcir  of  the  late  Hon* 
Admirnl  John  Forbes,  her  twin  elder 
f  uter  being  the  Couuteia  of  Mornington, 
wbo  snrviTet.  She  married,  Jaii  5,  I791» 
John*Chartes  third  and  late  Earl  of  Cla* 
rend  on,  uncle  of  the  pre»ent  peer,  by 
whom  she  had  an  only  child,  Lady  Har* 
riet  Villirr«,  who  dird  unmarried  In  183A* 
She  has  bequeathed  Io  the  Earl  of  Cla« 
rsndoB  an  eatiCa  in  Wala ;  but  ail  the 
real  (ImIb^  \mf  nsnaion  io  North 
Aodl«y*atreet,  plale,  jearela,  Btc)  is  left  to 
the  Conntcia  oi  Mornington. 

Mm'ch  \%  In  Oxford  terrace,  Hyde- 
park,  Anne,  third  daa.  of  the  late  Chrii* 
tophcr  Msgnay,  esq.  Alderroaii  Of  Lea« 
dm,  of  Eaet*hiU,  Wandewonh. 


55S 


Obitvaby. 


tM«y. 


At  FaUum,  aged  76,  Charlotte,  relict 
of  the  Rer.  John  Owen. 

March  20.  In  Manchester-buildingt, 
Westminiter, aged  67  t£d  ward  Hanson,e8q. 

In  6errard-8t.  Soho-sq.  aged  37,  Mr. 
William  Wade,  for  many  years  resident 
medical  officer  to  the  Westminster  (Gene- 
ral Dispensary. 

In  Connanght-ter.  Laura-Emily ,wife  of 
Benjamin  Cowie,  esq.  of  Tilgate  Forest 
Lodge,  Sussex. 

In  King's-road,  Chelsea,  aged  64,William 
Clark,  esq. 

March  SI .  In  Upper  Berkeley-st.  So- 
l^ia-Maria,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  John 
IHgden,  esq.  formerly  of  the  Ordnance 
CMBoe,  Tower. 

March  92.  In  York-st.  St  Jameses,  aged 
88,the  Rt.  Hon.  Henrietta-Maria  Countess 
of  Uxbridge.  She  was  the  4th  daughter  of 
the  late  Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Charles  Bagot, 
O.C.B.  by  Lady  Mary-Charles  Anne 
Wellesley-Pole,  eldest  daughter  of  the 
Earl  of  Momington,  and  b^ame  in  1833 
tiie  second  wife  of  the  Bari  of  Uxbridge, 
by  whom,  besides  other  children  deceased, 
^e  leares  issue  three  sons  (one  recently 
born)  and  one  daughter.  The  body  was 
ooBTcyed  for  interment  to  the  fiimily  yault 
la  Lichfield  cathedral. 

At  Streatham  Common,  aged  65,  Mary- 
Anne,  relict  of  Peter  PhUlips,  esq.  of 
Burbadoes. 

At  Greenwich,  Anna-Maria,  widow  of 
the  Right  Hon.  Qeorge  Tiemey.  She 
was  Miss  Miller,  of  Stapleton,  co.  Glouc. 
and  was  married  July  10,  1789  :  see  the 
memoir  of  Mr.  Tiemey  in  our  Magasine 
for  March  1B30,  p.  271. 

March  S3.  In  Camberwell  Grove, 
Joseph  Tayler,  esq.  formerly  of  Clapham. 

Aged  76,  Martha,  relict  of  Robert 
Haoulton,  esq.  of  Gloucester-place,  Port- 
man-square. 

Aged  69,  in  Gloucester-road,  Regent*8 
Park,  Albert  Francis  Favey,  esq.  formerly 
ofAntigua,  and  of  Thornton  Heath,  Surrey. 

Aged  78,  John  Mackintosh,  esq.  of 
Bncombe-terrace,  Wandsworth-road.  He 
was  formerly  the  first  bassoon  at  the 
Opera-house  and  Ancient  and  Philhar- 
monic Concerts.  He  retired  from  the 
profession  10  or  12  years  ago,  having  mar- 
ried a  lady  of  good  property. 

In  Canonbury-lane,  Islington,  aged  70, 
Robert  Prince,  esq. 

Sophia,  wife  of  John  RadcUffe  Robins, 
esq.  and  dau.  of  the  late  Joseph  Aldridge, 
eeq.  formerly  of  Great  Newport-st.  and 
of  Hempstead,  Middlesex. 

March  S4.  In  Grove-lane,  Camber- 
well,  aged  93,  Mrs.  Sydenham,  relict  of 
Humphery  Sydenham,  esq. 

At  £dmonton,  at  an  advanced  age, 
Richard  Watta,  esq.  tu  cmiiM&t  printer 
13 


and  type  founder,  of  London,  and  for- 
merly printer  to  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge. 

March  S5.  At  Madeley  YiUas,  Koo- 
slngton,  aged  75,  Maurice  Jones,  esq.  late 
of  Jamaica. 

In  North-cresc.  Bedford-sq.  aged  49, 
Louis  Armond  De  Grenier,  esq. 

March  S6.  In  Down-street,  PicoadiUy, 
Fbnny,  relict  of  Adm.  Sir  Hyde  Parker. 
She  was  the  youngest  child  of  Adm.  Sir 
Richard  Onslow,  Bart,  and  G.C.B.  by 
Ann,  daughter  of  Commodore  Mattliew 
Mitchell,  of  Chiltem,  co.  Wilto  ;  she  was 
the  second  wife  of  Sir  Hyde  Parker,  utd 
was  left  his  widow  in  1807. 

At  BUuskheath  Park,  aged  79.  Thonas 
Chapman,  esq.  late  of  Elsinore,  Denmark. 

At  Brompton,  Sarah,  relict  of  WilUann 
George  Scarlett,  esq. 

March  S9.  In  Piccadilly,  James  God- 
dard  Doran,  esq.  Capt.  half-pay,  of  the 
14th  Inf.  a  Director  of  the  Steam  Navi- 
gation Company. 

Aged  74,  John  Gould,  esq.  Solicitor,  of 
Gloucester-st.  Queen-sq.  and  late  of  Ro- 
chester. 

March  30.  In  Newington-pl.  Ken- 
nington,  aged  75,  P.  J.  Heisch,  esq. 

March  31.  At  Islington,  Mrs.  P.  Allan, 
widow  of  George  Allan,  esq.  of  the  Grange, 
near  Darlington,  and  formerly  M.P.  for 
Durham. 

In  Kennington-lane,  aged  47,  James 
Draper  Nixon,  esq.  only  son  of  the  late 
James  Nixon,  esq.  of  Knockholt,  Kent. 

Lately,  At  his  residence,  the  One 
Tun  Tavern,  Chandos-st.  Covent  Garden, 
aged  fifty-two,  Mr.  George  Ruthven,  one 
of  the  Old  Bow-street  Officers.  He  was 
for  thirty  years  attached  to  the  police 
force,  having  entered  it  at  the  age  of 
seventeen,  but  in  1832  he  retired  with  a 
pension  of  2201,  per  annum  from  Govern- 
ment, and  pensions  likewise  from  the 
Russian  and  Prussian  Governments,  for 
his  services  in  discovering  forgeries  to  an 
immense  extent,  connected  with  those 
countries.  Among  his  many  notorious 
captures  maybe  reckoned  those  of  Thistle- 
wood,  for  the  Cato-street  conspiracy,  in 
which  daring  enterprise  Smithers  was 
killed ;  and  the  taking  of  Thurtell,  the 
murderer  of  Weare.  He  was  a  most  ec- 
centric character,  and  had  written  a  his- 
tory of  his  life,  but  would  not  allow  it 
to  meet  the  public  eye. 

At  the  house  of  the  Society  of  Arts,  in 
the  Adelphi,  aged  78,  Miss  A.  B.  Cook- 
ings, housekeeper  of  the  Society  for  about 
60  years. 

AjnHl  2.  At  her  house,  Upper  Harley- 
st.  aged  59,  Sophia,  relict  of  Wm.  Dick- 
enson, esq.  of  Kings weston,  Somerset. 

Aged  IS,  James,  ddeit  «qa  of  A*  L. 


1644.] 


Obitdakt. 


■tt 


of  Smyrrem   Lodg«v    New 


Irrifi^y   etq. 
Peckham. 

Aprils.  Aged  15^  Fnmces  Margaret 
Dairies^  eldest  dau.  <»f  Capt*  Ch&nctler, 
17  th  Lpancera, 

At  Highburjf  Mrs,  Percival,  widow  of 
Bichard  Pereival,  esq.  of  LambArd-itreet^ 
banker. 

April  6.  At  Homertou,  aged  80,  WiU 
Uatn  Robertson,  eeq.  late  of  Kladetice, 
Roes-shire,  N.  fi. 

Aged  ti'i,  Abrnliam  Brookabank,  «iq. 
of  Bermoadief . 

At  the  Parade,  Harlejford-road,  Keo- 
siagtoot  aged  72,  Charles  Dimeft,  raq. 

April  7.  At  Kennmgton,  aged  60,  Mr. 
George  Stapleton,  of  Whitefriara,  the 
oltlett  contractor  for  cleanaing  ia  Londoo. 

i^ed  74f  in  Buckingbam-pL  Fitzroj- 
n.  Mary,  widow  of  Thomaf  Eaies,  esq. 
Of  Belmont^  Staindrop,  co.  Durham^ 

Aprils.  Aged  67,  in  Spencer <-st.  Nor< 
tkampton-iq.  Charles  Biggi,  esq. 

In  Portland-pl.  Cfapham-road,  8ged47f 
Mi  fa  Enimeltne  Comer, 

April  12.  In  Curaon-at,  aged  5,  Alex* 
ander  James,  eldest  aon  of  George  Wm. 
Hope,  esq.  M,P. 

April  13.  In  Chatham -pU  Blackfriart, 
ag«d  Gl,  Frederick  Bode,  c«q. 

Be  DS,— March  25,  Arthur  Sambrook, 
third  son  of  Samoel  Crawley,  esq.  of 
Stock  wood. 

At  Bedford,  James  Small,  esq.  Senior 
Aldermaii  iq  the  Iowtl  councils 

Bb&kb.  —  March  17.  At  Readiog, 
aged  1^1  Arthur  Stnith,  of  the  4  th  Reg. 
son  of  Dr.  Prichard  Smith. 

MttrcA  13.  At  Abingdon,  Charles- 
Joseph,  eldest  son  of  the  Rer.  Giles 
Daubeay,  Rector  of  LydiardTregos,  Wi)t«. 

BvcK^.—Lateif.  At  Eton  College, 
aged  13,  Montage -Aubrey,  eldest  son  of 
Sir  M.  J.  Choimeley.  Bart. 

CAMaminaK. — March  12.  At  Gon- 
Tille  Cottage,  Elizabeth- Mary,  widow  of 
George  Mllner,  esq.  of  Combcrton. 

March  98.  Near  Trumpingtonf  in 
eocuequenco  of  a  fall  from  a  phaeton,  Mr. 
Edward  Jones  Fox,  an  under- graduate  of 
St,  lohn^s  College.  He  was  the  ton  of 
Dr.  Pox,  of  Berkeley-sq.  Bristol. 

LaUly,  At  Poxton,  at  an  advanced 
age,  Mr,  William  Chapm&n.  lie  was  a 
miser  worth  &O,0OO/.,  which  he  baa  left  to 
an  illegitimate  son. 

April  10.  At  Wisbech,  Elisabeth, 
wife  of  Charles  Metcalfe,  eaq.  a  justice  of 
the  peace  for  the  Isle  of  Ely,  and  mother 
of  the  mayor  of  Wisbech. 

Co&i<rwALL. — March  16.  At  Cam* 
borne,  nged  31,  Frederick- John,  fourth 
•on  of  the  Rev.  Hugh  Rogers,  Rector  of 

tiMlJMlifll* 

Mimek  3 1  *    At  Redrvthi  RcbeecAi  wife 
GiNT.  Mao.  Vol,  XXI. 


of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Hawksley,  M.A.  Rec 
tor  of  Torvey  and  Knotting,  Beds,  and 
mother  of  the  Rev,  J,  W,  H&wkafey,  jun. 
Rector  of  Redruth. 

CoMBKBLAND. — Feb.  91,  In  Carlisle^ 
aged  80,  Mrs.  Jackson,  widow  of  Richard 
Jackson,  esq<  and  sister  of  the  late  Rev. 
Thomas  Lowry,  D.D. 

March  16.  Aged  84,  John  De  Whelp- 
dale,  esq.  of  Bishop  Yards,  Penrith,  De- 
puty-Lieot.  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
Cumberland  and  Westmoreland. 

Dkhby. — March  \^.  Aged  36,  Andrew* 
Richard  Fitz Henry,  esq.  late  of  Horn  Hay. 

At  Derby,  Warren  Cooper,  e*q.  young- 
est son  of  the  late  Rev,  Edward  Cooper, 
Rector  of  Hamstall  Ridware,  Staffordshire. 

Dkvow, — March  9,  Aged  72.  at  Pres- 
cott- house,  near  Tiverton,  the  wife  of  W, 
Tally,  eaq, 

March  13.  At  Lythecourt-houfie,  near 
Tiverton,  the  wife  of  W.  Smale,  esq, 

Marth  19.  Aged  81,  Thomas  Bridg. 
man  Luxmoore,  esq.  of  Fair  Place,  Oke- 
hampton. 

At  Teignmouth,  aged  91,  Richard 
Brine,  esq, 

George  LJUies,  esq.  of  Kenton,  a  re* 
tired  Surgeon  of  the  Navy. 

March  99.  At  Plymouth,  aged  89, 
Bcojamin-Walter  Thorold,  esq.  formerly 
of  Lincolnshire. 

At  Exeter,  aged  62.  Charlotte,  relict  of 
the  late  Edward  Heyes.  esq.  Descended 
paternally  from  the  ancient  family  of 
Coign  J,  who  settled  in  Pembrokeshire 
during  the  reign  of  Henry  V!l.  *,  and 
maternally  from  the  Philipps,  of  Pictoti 
Castle  ;  niece  to  the  late  Mrs.  Waller,  of 
Hall  Barne,  Buckinghamshire,  and  Farm* 
ington,  Gloucestershire,  and  aunt  to  Mrs. 
Cameron,  Dan-y  Gratg,  near  Swansea. 

March  S3.  Aged  40,  Mary-.\nn.  wife 
of  Charles  Bmtton,  eaq.  Northernhay* 
house,  Exeter. 

Sarah,  relict  of  Burnet  Patch,  esq.  of 
Exeter. 

March  ?4.  At  Brixham,  aged  S4, 
Miss  S.  Vittery,  third  dau.  of  the  late  E, 
Vittery,  esq.  and  sister  of  the  present 
banker,  E.  Vittery,  esq. 

March  36.  At  Blackborovigh-hotise, 
aged  71,  EUzabeth,  relict  of  Wm.  Voules, 
eiq*  of  Windsor.  < 

At  Ashbiirtoo,  aged  82,  James  tfalns- 
worth,  esq. 

March  ^eg.  At  Belle  Vue,  Tor,  Tho- 
mas Bourchier, esq.  M.D  late  surgeon  of 
the  36th.  and  latterly  of  the  9eth  Reg, 

Aged  79,  Richard  Thomas,  esq.  retirtd 
Commander  R.N.  (1340.) 

AtTeignmoutb,  aged  74.  So*anna,  wife 
of  Dr.  Lewis,  formerly  of  Ross,  Hereford- 
shire. 

March  fB*  At  tiie  Vlcirage,  Corowor- 
4B 


S54 


Obitvabt. 


lM«f. 


thj,  tKe  retidenee  of  bar  brother-fai.law 
the  RcT.  Cbarles  Barter,  aced  77,  Salome, 
vidow  of  Samuel  Kekewich,  esq.  of  Ptti- 
more  Home,  and  mother  of  Samael  TVe- 
hawke  Kekewich.  eaq. 

Lately.  At  Holoombe  Court,  aced  74, 
FMer  Blewett,  esq.  magistrate  for  Somer- 
•et  and  Deron. 

At  Deronporty  aged  105,  an  old  and 
leapectable  maaon,  named  Pincombe.  He 
retained  hia  mental  facultiea  vp  to  the 
laat  fiBW  days  of  his  czistenGe. 

At  DawHsh,  Charles,  son  of  the  late 
G.  Bochfort,  esq.  M.P. 

dprii  S.  At  Pinhoe,  aged  83,  John 
BeVnolds,  esq. 

A^IS.  At  Aahbnrton,  aged  73,  WU. 
linm  Barnard,  esq.  of  Charmonth,  Dors. 

DoBsrr. — JUarch  SO.  At  Stonecombe, 
near  Baaminster,  aged  57,  Joseph  Bishop, 

jitarek  31.  At  Handky,  aged  73,  Ann, 
rdict  of  Wm.  Hooper,  esq.  of  Ringwood. 

At  Blandford,  Lt..Col.  Samael  Cleave- 
laodf  late  of  the  Madras  Artillerj. 

At  the  Grange,  Wareham,  aged  4S, 
John  Bond»  esq. 

Afril..  At  his  seat,  aged  79,  General 
John  MicheU.  He  entered  the  army  7th 
Feb.  1781 ;  was  made  Lieut.  Jane  S5, 
1785 ;  Capt  July  31, 1790 ;  Mi^or,  Nor. 
30,  179S;  Lieat..CoL  Aug.  94,  1795; 
Colonel,  April  S9,  180S;  Major-Gen. 
Oct.  S5,  1805;  Lieat.-Gen.  June  4, 
1814  ;  and  General  Jan.  10,  1837.  He 
senred  at  the  siege  of  Fort  St.  Philip, 
in  the  island  of  Minorca,  and  was  taken 
prisoner  at  its  surrender. 

jfpril  1.  Aged  89i  James  Langdon, 
esq.  of  Sherborne. 

At  Fordington,  aged  57,  P.  Elliott,  esq. 
of  the  Ordnance  Office. 

Durham.— AforcA  29.  At  Sadbergh, 
aged  101,  Ann,  relict  of  John  Feetham, 

iiareh  . .  On  his  way  from  the  Sedge- 
fteld  station  of  the  Stockton  and  Darling- 
ton Railway  to  the  Tillage  of  Mordra, 
where  ha  lived,  Mr.  T.  Hutchinson,  the 
eminent  railway  contractor.  He  had  a 
few  glasses  of  whisky  at  the  Sedgefield 
•tation,  and  in  less  than  half  an  hour 
after  he  was  found  with  his  head  within 
the  rails,  and  an  engine  with  a  train  of 
35  waggons  had  gone  orer  his  neck,  right 
ihoolder,  and  arm.  He  has  left  a  widow 
and  iiz  children. 

EtSBX. — Jan.  17.  Aged  54  ,Mary  Ann, 
wife  of  Mr.  Geo.  Howard,  of  SpringMd- 
ball,  near  Chelmsford,  and  eldest  dan.  of 
the  Ute  Edward  CUy,  esq.  of  Greenstead- 
park. 

Marek  12.  At  Walthamstow  House, 
the  wife  of  Dr.  Greig. 

Mtnrch  13.     At  Um  Rectory,  Hock- 


kr,  aged  32,  Charlotte,  wife  of  tbm  Ssr. 

William  Harding. 

MmrekU.  Anne,rdicCof  Wm.  Faaroev 
esq.  of  Aldborough  Grange. 

A#«reA  21 .  At  Sible  Hedii^huB,  wed 
70,  Biary-Magdalen,  widow  of  R«Ar-Aiua. 
GfK>rge  Fowke. 

Aged  65,  John  Raren,  eaq.  of 
HalL 

Mmrdk  25.    At  Chelmaford, 
wife  of  John  Copland,  esq. 

April  10.      At  the  Tioarage, 
aged  43,  Clara-Sandford,  wife  of  the  Serl 
John  Bramston. 

GLorcEaTBa.— IfarrA  15.  AgpA  25, 
Martha^ane,  dau.  of  Samael  Wkitteck, 
esq.  of  Hanham  Hall. 

March  17.  Misa  Elisa  Cooper  ToBder 
Horst,  of  Clifton. 

March  21.  Mary,  relict  of  the  Rer. 
James  Dods,  Vicar  of  Almondsbuy. 

At  the  Hotwells,  Clifton,  mnd  84, 
Henry,  youngest  son  of  Lan^ey  St. 
Albyn,  esq.  of  Alfoxton,  Someraet. 

March  22.  Aged  66,  Mary,  rdiet  ef 
John  Roebuck,  esq.  of  CheUenhem  and 
Pdnswick. 

March  23.  Aged  90,  Betty,  rdiet  ef 
John  Dude,  esq.  M.D.  of  BristoL 

March  25.  At  Cheltenham,  ^ed  70, 
Esther  Baruh  Lousada. 

March  27.  At  Hardwicke  Court,  aeir 
Gloucester,  aged  64,  Nicholas  Lewia  Fen- 
widE,  esq. 

March  30.  At  Bristol,  aged  84,  Mefj, 
rdict  of  Samud  Wyndowe,  esq.  of  Kings- 
'down. 

Lately,  At  Gloaoester,  aged  80,  Do. 
nid,  4th  son  of  John  Cox,  esq.  of  Ottrera, 
Pdnswick. 

At  Chdtenham,  Henry  Wynne  Poole, 
esq.  late  Mijor  36th  Madras  Nat.  Inf. 
At  Stroud,  aged  50,  W.  Hopaon,  eaq. 
At    Cheltenham,    aged    43,    Baibera, 
youngest  dau.  of  E.  Long,  esq.  aoUdtor, 
late  of  Worcester. 

April  2.  At  Cainscross,  EUzabedi, 
wife  of  the  Rot.  J.  G.  Uwins,  and  ddeat 
dau.  of  Joseph  Blower,  esq.  of  Lincoln's* 
inn-Fidds. 

J^l  4.  At  AlTestone,  sged  67,  Wm. 
Norris  Tonge,  esq.  retired  Commander 
R.N.  (1831.) 

4ml  8.  Aged  64,  Samud-Lichigany 
Dnnsford,  esq.  of  Bristol. 

Hkvru.-^an,  21.  At  Maddiford,  near 
Christchurch,  aged  36,  the  Hon.  Charlea 
Robert  St.  John,  youngest  son  of  (he  late 
Viscount  Bolingbroke.  He  married,  in 
1841,  Jane,  youngest  daughter  of  the  late 
Thomas  Gibson,  esq. 

March  18.  At  Hall  Place,  West  Meon, 
aged  91,  Joaeph  Sibley,  esq. 

March  25.  At  Ventnor,  L  W.  Mary, 
wife  of  F^randa-Sadldr  Frittle,  esq.  mmI 


18440 


Obituary. 


555 


only  child  of  Peter  Eote,  esq.  of  Deme- 
ram. 

Lately.  At  Banley>«oii  of  Gfin.  Bacons 
of  Bevis  Mountr  Southampton, 

Ageil  €7f  John  Jolliflfe,  esq.  manj  years 
a  member  of  the  old  corporation  of  South - 

ftCUptOD. 

At  Norlin^D  House,  Ryde,  I.  W, 
■fed  23,  A,  Topham,  esq. 

At  HiUyardi,  I.  W.,  Mary»  wife  of  W. 
Thatcher^  esq. 

April  4.  At  Niton,  I.  W.  Charlest 
third  sou  of  the  Rev.  Wm,  Moody,  of 
Bathampton  Houae,  Wilts. 

April  8.  At  VeutQori  I.  W.  aged  50, 
Mr.  Charles  Dix,  third  son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Joshua  Dix,  of  Conterbtirj. 

Herts.— MiircA  24.  At  Bishop's  Stort- 
ford,  Louisa,  wife  of  John  B.  Bowker, 
esq.  and  only  child  of  Henry  J.  Wyatt, 
esq.  of  Chelsea. 

Aprit  6.  At  Bijhop*B  Stoi  tford^  aged 
93,  Mrs.  Mary  Langton. 

April  8.  At  Hemt'l  Hempstead,  Susan* 
nah,  wife  of  Charles  E.  G rover,  esq. 

Herefoed.  —  April  4.  At  Merton 
House,  Ross,  Sarah,  wife  of  William 
Hooper,  esq, 

Krnt.—  March  5.  At  Margate,  Juliana- 
Emma,  wife  of  Dr.  Case,  M.D. 

March  16.  At  Sittitighoumei  aged  75, 
Eleanort  wife  of  W.  Castle,  esq. 

March  IB,  At  Dover,  aged  72,  Rohert 
Wright,  esq.  formerly  of  London,  Mer- 
chant. 

March  32.  At  Dover,  aged  83,  Louisa, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  John  Charles  Becking* 
hauif  of  Bourne  Place. 

March  23.  At  Canterbury,  aged  70, 
Bcotlcy  M'Xeod,  eaq.  formerly  of  Slock- 
well. 

March  25,  At  Tunbridg«  Wclia,  aged 
80,  Richard  Gellett,  esq, 

March  28.  At  the  vicarage,  St,  Peter's, 
Thanct,  aged  58,  the  Hon,  Sarah,  wife  of 
the  Rev.  John  Hodson,  Vicar  of  St. 
Peter' St  and  second  dau.  of  the  late  Lord 
Harris. 

At  TnnbridgeTVclla,  aged  70,  Frederick 
Adams,  esq.  late  of  the  East  India  Com- 
pany's Service. 

March  30,  Catharine,  wife  of  Edward 
Lcfb,  esq.  of  the  Limes,  Lewiabam. 

Lately,  At  Tenterden,  aged  91 »  the 
Rev.  Laurence  H olden,  the  oldrat  Dis- 
•enting  Minister  in  the  kingdom,  having 
been  pastor  to  the  same  congregation 
upwards  of  seventy  yean. 

April  3,  Margaret,  widow  of  John 
Baiocs,  esq.  late  of  Shooter's  HilL 

At  Worthing,  at  an  advanced  age,  John 
Bradley,  esq.  of  Bath  Boildings. 

Aprit  A.  At  his  quarters,  on  th«  Western 
Heighta,  Dover,  brevet  Mnjor  TathwcU, 
of  the  ^3  til  R«gt.    Ho  had  leva  much 


eenice  La  lodiai  having  been  present  at 
the  Burmese  war,  with  the  41st  Foot :  at 
the  capture  of  Rangoon,  the  engagementu 
in  front  of  that  place,  at  the  attack  oa 
Kimlndine  and  Pagodd  Point,  the  capture 
of  Fort  Syriara,  and  the  storming  of  the 
works  Ln  front  of  the  Dugon  Pagodd.  He 
waa  found  dead  in  bed  by  his  servant, 

April  B.  At  Sedcup,  John,  only  iOA 
of  the  late  Joseph  Park,  esq.  formerly  of 
Gibraltar. 

At  Maidstone,  aged  84,  Mary,  relict  of 
Joshua  Knowlesyesq.  of  WanatiNid,  Essex, 

April  13.  At  the  vicaragei  Benendenf 
Frederick,  aixth  son  of  the  Rev.  Daniel 
Boys, 

Lancastkr. — March  16.  At  Liver* 
pool,  Mary-Ann,  wife  of  Thomas  Lundie, 
esq.  late  of  Jamaica, 

March  17.  Aged  63,  John  Walton,  eiq* 
of  Woraley  Mills,  near  Manchester. 

March  19,  At  Manchester,  Nancy, 
relict  of  Thomas  Earnshaw  Tidawell,  esq* 
of  Witblngton. 

March  20.  At  Liverpool,  aged  85» 
William  Ward,  esq. 

March  38.  At  Liverpool,  aged  6S, 
Charles  Boutflower,  esq. 

March  S9.  At  Liverpool  Nathfta 
Cairns,  esq. 

Lbicister. — March  10,  Thomas  War- 
ner, esq.  of  the  Elms,  near  Loughborough. 

Aprit  6,  At  Kirkby  Mallory,  aged  If, 
the  Hon.  Caroline  HufiscU,  youngest  dau. 
oJ'  the  Baroness  dc  Clifford  and  the  late 
John  Russell,  esq. 

Lincoln. — March  i3.  At  Cleethorpei, 
near  Grimsby,  in  the  100th  year  of  her 
age,  Mrs,  Elizabeth  Dobaon.  She  was 
bom  at  Bamoldby-le-Beck,  near  Grimsby, 
about  the  ?8th  Dec.  1744,  and  was  bap- 
tized  on  the  9Gth  Jan.  1745.  She  bad 
been  a  resident  at  Cleethorpea  18  years, 
and  was  the  mother  of  U  children,  37 
grand  -  children,  and  33  great  •  grand* 
childran. 

MtnnLEfEX. — March  15.  At  Edmon- 
ton, Harriett,  wffe  of  Carsten  Holthouse, 
esq.  late  of  KeppeKat.  Russell -sq. 

Lately.  At  Miil  Hill,  Hendon,  aged 
83,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  Innea,  Com- 
mander in  the  late  Maritime  Service  of 
the  Hon.  East  India  Company. 

At  Hampton,  aged  7,  Gilbert,  aon  of 
Sir  W.  G,  Hylton  JolUiTc,  Bart. 

April  5,  At  Pinchlcy,  aged  86,  Lieut.* 
Gen.  Anthony  Salvin,  late  of  Durham, 

Monmouth, — March  17.  At  Llan* 
rumney  Hall,  Anne,  wife  of  George  RoU 
lings,  esq.  and  relict  of  David  Rtohardi^ 
esq.  of  Hyde  Hall,  Trelawncy,  Jamaica. 

March  24.  At  Pcohow  Parsonage, 
Charles  Coles,  esq.  late  Capt.  in  the  North 
Devon  Militia. 

Aprit  7 .  At  Maamoath,  aged  n,  WU- 


554 

b«liiiliia-Boyd,  daa.  of  W.  D.  Tnuntoa, 
esq.  and  yoangest  grandchild  of  the  lata 
John  Hooke  Greene,  esq.  of  Dornaford 
Place,  Bathwiek  HilL 

NonroLK.—AlarcA  34.  At  Norwiek, 
aged  8^  Frances,  wife  of  tlie  Rev.  Johm 
Hamfrey,  of  Wroiham. 

March  87.  Aged  27,  Harriet-Anna,  wile 
of  the  Rer.  Charles  Tnraer,  of  Norwich. 

Lately,  At  CrooMr,  aged  74,  Marj 
Alexander,  dau.  of  William  Alexander, 
esq.  brother  of  Janies  first  Earl  of  Caledon. 

JffrU  13.  At  his  father's,  aged  ^, 
Charlea  John,  third  sanriviog  son  of 
Snicncl  Psget,  esq.  of  Yarmooth. 

Northampton. — Lately,  At  North- 
amptoB,  aged  34,  Harriet,  onlj  sister  of 
the  Rer.  Frederick  Fjsh,  late  of  Bath. 

Northumberland. — March  18.  At 
Newcastle-on-Tjne,  John  Allan,  esq.  of 
Dalton-oo-Tees,  third  son  of  the  kt^ 
Robert  Allan,  esq.  of  NewbotUe  Uo«se, 
Dnrbam. 

Lately,  At  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  aged 
43,  John  Blackmore,  esq.  Civil  Engineer. 

Oxford.— A/orcA  20.  At  Wootton« 
near  Woodstock,  sged  38,  Alft«d,  third 
son  of  the  late  Charlea  Thomaon*  esq. 
Blaster  in  Chancery. 

Salop.— AfurcA  25.  Aged  96,  Anne, 
relict  of  Edward  Kenion,  esq.  of  lUaj- 
toD,  near  Thirsk. 

SoMERSKT.— JdfarcA    13.      At    Bath, 
ated  79.  George  Dick,  Lient.-Geaid 
Senior  Officer  in  the  Bengal  Army. 

March  21.  At  Odcombe  cottage^  near 
Yeovil,  James  Lucaa,  esq.  late  of  BhstoL 

March  26.  At  the  Grange,  Banwell» 
aged  63,  Leonora,  wife  of  George  Emery, 
esq.  and  fourth  dan.  of  the  late  Richard 
Bingham,  esq.  of  Melc#mbe  Bingham, 
Dorset. 

March  29.  Aged  80,  at  Keppel  CoU 
tege.  Trull,  Jane,  relict  of  the  late  Sir 
Wm.  Hamilton. 

Lately,  At  Yeovil,  Elixabeth,  widow 
of  John  Heaning,  es%.  of  Toller  Fratram, 
Dorset. 

At  Bath,  Jane  H.  youngest  dau.  of  the 
late  Simon  Murchiaon,  esq.  of  Colgong, 
Beat  Indies* 

Aged  83.  Martha,  wife  of  John  Weav- 
er,  esq.  of  RudghiU,  Winsford. 

At  Bath,  Edward  Barlow,  esq.  M.D. 

Jpril  5.  Al>  Bath,  aged  35,  Capt. 
Chambre-Brabazon-Ponsonby  Alcock,  of 
the  Bengal  Engineers. 

Stafford.  —  March  19.  Aged  66, 
Mrs.  Charles  P.  Johnstone,  wife  of  C.  P. 
Johnstono,  esq.  of  Newbold  Manor,  near 
Lichfield. 

March  20.  At  Stone  House,  Rogeley, 
ifted  76,  Mrs.  Hopkins. 

SuppoLK.— IfarcA  10.  At  her  father's, 
»•  Rev.  Edward  Jermyi^  Carlton  rtotory, 


Obituabv.  0^» 

near  Lowittoll,  Sarah-Thaophila,  wife  «# 
the  Rev.  John  A.  Ashley,  of  Wood-haU^ 
Hilgay. 

March  16.  At  Mydmhatt*  aged  fS, 
Thomaa  Gataksr,  es%. 

AforeA  S3.  Aged  19,  B«Oy.U«ka, 
dau.  of  Major  Schreiber,  of  the  RiMnA- 
wood,  Ipswich. 

March  26.  At  Hadleigh,  i«ed  ^ 
Charies-Locsa  Wallaoe,  esq.  sixth  ton  of 
the  late  Rev.  Job  Marple  WaUaoe,  M.A. 
Rector  of  Great  Braxted,  Essex. 

AfrU  8.  Aged  88,  Nathaniel. WatMf 
Bromley,  esq.  of  Bansfieki  ball,  and  EfliI* 
St.  Red  Lion-sq.  and  forsaerlgr  of  Gft^f's- 
ian. 

SuRRBT.— F«&.  17.  At  RicblMMid, 
Helen,  relict  of  John  Dnft,  D.D.  ol  Kin- 
fanna,  PSrthahire,  N.B. 

March  18.  At  Tooting,  i«ad  73,  PwA 
Storr,  esq. 

JprU  1.  At  the  reakkikoe  of  hi*  aaii, 
Famham,  ag«d  71,  Samuel  C\u^  M|. 
many  years  merohant  of  Pool*. 

^pril  3.  At  Banea,  May-JtefaMl^ 
wife  of  Heuy  Cremer,  esq. 

4prU  7.  At  Thornton  Hentil,  Gray* 
don,  aged  76,  P.  Frith,  esq.  iMmtrif  tC 
Narbro'.  Norfolk. 

Sussex.— AfareA  14.  At  Br%hto%  •» 
an  advanced  afs,  Catharine,  rshot  ef  Hie 
Rev.  Charlea  Morioe,  M.A.  of  WinAier, 
Domestic  Chaplain  to  George  lU.  sad 
Chapkdn  to  the  Dnksi  of  York  and  Oto«> 
cester,  &c. 

March  16.  Aged  90,  Maiy,  wilt  of 
John  W.  Commerell,  esq.  of  Stsood. 

March  17.  At  Brighton,  igtdt  61,  th» 
widow  of  George  Royje,  esq. 

March  21.  At  Hastings,  John  ttal- 
lingbery,  esq.  only  son  of  the  late  Rffu 
Drake  Hollingbery,  of  Winchilsea,  Omb- 
cellor  of  Chichester,  and  Awbeadary  «f 
St.  Panl's. 

Mareh9&.  AtBriffhtoB,aged36,  Jaaif-. 
Walker,  wife  of  Henry  Kennedjr*  ea^ 
eklestodan.  of  the  lato  Capt.  Bright,  &JMU 
of  Woolwich,  and  granddan.  of  th«  ki» 
Lient.>Gen.  Bright,  ol  Clifton. 

March  29.  At  Brighton,  Maitha^  irii» 
of  Francis  Child,  esq.  of  Sooth  LiHiMb* 

AprU  2.  At  Bri^toa,  Harnpt^Sarflj, 
wife  of  John  Brightman,  esq.  of  lAvendar 
Hill,  Surrey. 

Jpril  3.  At  Worthingt  tgad  71»  Johs^ 
Bradley,  esq.  late  of  Show  Bank*  Aah<» 
bonm,  Derbyshire. 

Jpril  6.  At  Hastinga,  John-Gernqga 
Brown,  esq.  lieut.  6th  Bladras  NaL  Inf. 
eldest  son  of  the  lato  Archibald  Biomi», 
esq.  of  Glasgow. 

Jpril  12.  At  Brighton,  aged  63,  Mnrj« 
Louisa,  dan.  of  the  late  James  Bondmi, 
esq.  of  Hsmpstead,  and  of  the  Chanted 
■Hn'g-ftdipp  QnildhaU,  ^iifTMV*Tti 


18440 


OvmsMxt* 


557 


WAmwiGC.— AfitreA  1^.  At  Birming- 
himt  ag«d  83,  William  Whitworthf  gent. 
Utt  of  Hornaej,  M  tddleiAX. 

March  19.  At  Rugbf  School,  aged  15, 
Chtrlea- Herbert,  yova^nt  ton  of  the  Ven. 
Afvhdeftcon  Ooddavd. 

Mmrck  23.  At  the  vlcmrage,  Herbury, 
Fraaccs-Maria,  yoaagest  dan,  of  the  Rev. 
Clement  Newsazn. 

Afarck  i^.  At  Coretitrf ,  aged  00,  Mra. 
Whittem,  reWct  of  Alderman  Whittam  of 
that  citj. 

Mmrch  31.  At  MaaeeUer  Li»dfe,  afcd 
d7,  Marjt  wife  of  Richard  R.  Jee,  e«), 

A]^l  A.  At  Leamington  T  aged  34, 
Capt.  Daitid  Bazteff  late  of  the  ihip  Bom- 
hay  Caatle,  of  Bombay. 

WiLTa.— 'M^ireA  19.  At  Qoemerford, 
neav  Calmer  aged  8€,  Mary,  widow  of 
Skter  Heale,  eaq. 

Mmrth  Sa.  At  Saliebory,  aged  79, 
Biisabeth,  reHet  of  Philip  Pinckney,  eaq. 
of  Berwick  St.  John, 

Lattiy^  Aged  b9^  Lucy- Mary,  wife  of 
Thomas  Swayoe,  esq.  of  Steeple  Langford* 

Jpril  1.  At  Warminater,  a^d  30^ 
William  Lye  Stiff mh,  oaq,  only  son  of 
William  Firtiwd  SeagrBm,  eaii. 

WofiCKaTsR. — Lately.  At  Perahofe, 
W.  Woodward,  eMj.  lurgeott. 

York. — Mareh  Sd.  At  PeQiam,  near 
Gainsborough,  aged  ii9,  William  Welpett, 
esq. 

Mar^  38.  At  SfJoffortU,  aged  64, 
Mary,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Eichtrd  Hart- 
ley, D.D.  late  of  Biii|ley,  and  eUMt  dam, 
of  «h0  Bsf*  Wcivd  Biulmii»  A.M.  Ists  of 
Hipperfaolme. 

Aged  38,  J,  W,  Low  dale,  eti|.  aolicitor, 


i  90.  At  Sheffield,  Thos.  Daniel 
Philippa,  eeq.  anrgeon,  youngest  loii  of 
tha  lata  Rvw.  N,  BuHppa,  D.D.  of  Miior 
Lodge,  Dear  that  place. 

At  Old  Malton  Abbey,  aged  40,  Charles 
SmithaoD,  eiq.* 

LaMf  At  Leeds,  Mr.  Walter  War- 
reo,  of  London  taad  aom  of  the  kteTkomM 
Warren,  esq.  ofBIagdon  Hoaae,  Blogdoi^ 


WAmM.-^Marek  I  <k  A^ed  64,  Robert 
J  ohm  Harriflofi,  9k^  of  Casrhowel,  on. 
Montgomery. 

AfereA  21.  Near  Aberfflraw,  AjigleMa,^ 
aged  14,  the  second  lott  of  tha  late  Sir  G. 
W.  Tappa  Gerriai  a  nephew  md  ward  of 
Mr.  FuHer.  He  waaonaviaiiio  Mf^  John 
Fuller,  of  Bodorgan,  and  ramai&ing  ont 
later  than  oaaal  in  the  nTrnin|;liii  ahimofi 
oansed  much  al&rm,  he  beinf  irftsM^ir 
to  the  neif  hbourfaooiL  Altet-  a  aeardh  of 
two  daya  Usbody  was  fbtind  in  the  rirer 
between  Bodorgan  and  Ll&ndwyn,  in 
QonMqnonMi  aa  ia  anppoted,  of  being 
ihort-tif  hted,  and  cadcaTgaring  to  reach 


home  by  a  fihorter  ni&d  on  the  approach  ol 
night. 

Mareh  S5.  At  Langhame,  Camiir> 
thenshire,  aged  77 1  Col.  John-Frederiek 
Browoei  CJ&*  late  Lwolenant-Coloael 
iSth  foot. 

AftfrcA  26.  Aged  106,  Mary  Baasett. 
She  resided  all  her  life  in  a  cottage  oontl- 
gnous  to  the  Middle  Bank  Copper  Worki^ 
near  Swansea.. 

At  NoltoD  vikla»  Bridgend,  GkmorgaO" 
■hire,  aged  36,  Emma-Wilkmi,  wife  of 
David  J^  Harmar,  raq. 

Mareh  39.  At  Cnffem,  Pembroke, 
John  Stokes,  ^q.  many  years  Coroner  iar 
the  county. 

At  Tremains,  Glamorganshife,  aged  73» 
Nfaria-Alicia^  wife  of  Richard  Lewelli% 
esq.  of  Trero&ins,  and  only  dan.  of  the 
late  Rev.  David  Joneat  Rector  of  Langan, 
in  the  same  county. 

Scotland,  —  March  21.  At  Poaaa* 
cloich,  Argyleahire,  aged  S-0,  John  Stew, 
art,  esq.  of  Fasnacloich,  a  Dcputy-Lient. 
and  Magiattate  of  the  connty* 

Mwrch  24.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  19, 
Lieut.  Chas.  William  Dope,  R^yai  Eiif* 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Lieiit.«6en.  ^ 
John  Hope,  QX.U. 

March  31.  At  Inchbrayock,  near  Mont- 
rose, Anne,  wife  of  Major* Gen.  Archl* 
bald  Watson,  Bengal  Light  Cav.  and  danu 
of  the  late  Arohibakl  SeoCt,  esq.  of  Dn- 
niniLld  and  Usan,  Forfenkire. 

Xa/e'j^.-- Robert  Stenart,  esq.  of  Stoert- 
hall,  Sheriff  Clerk  of  the  County  of  Ren- 
frew. 

Aprils.  Mr.  Oliver  r  of  Lochend.  He 
was  on  agricnltttfist,  a  Director  of  the 
Highland  Sodeiy f  ene  of  the  Committet 
of  Managemcttk  «f  tihe  Agrioultaral  Ch*^ 
mistry  Aasodetioii,  and  in  all  agriottharal 
ezperimenta  he  was  ever  ready  to  take  ail 
aetive  and  intelligent  interest. 

Ireland.— HarrA  10.  At  Cowt  De* 
veniah  House,  Athlone,  Lieut.. Cot  Ar- 
tlrav  Dtt  Boai>dien,  KM,  brother  of  BArt. 
Gem  and  of  Mrs.  Wiloiiliant. 

AforeA  17*  At  D^bbn^  Anne,  wife  of 
Edward  Tiemey,  esq.  and  aiater  of  tfafl 
late  Lady  Tiemey. 

Aged  SO,  WiUiam-Caraoagh  Marphyv 
eeq.  eldest  son  of  WtUiam  Murphy,  M.D, 
of  Cork,  He  was  an  Undeiigraduate  of 
Cambridge.  He  held  a  aefaolarafaip  and 
the  Wortley  Exhibition  for  Moral  Philo- 
sopby,  in  Gooville  and  Caios  College. 

JansKY.  —  March  10,  At  Leicester 
Hcnae,  St.  Uelier's,  Jersey,  aged  64, 
Rjehard  Chase  Sidney,  esq.  third  son  of 
the  late  John  Sidney,  tiiq.  many  years 
of  the  Court  Lodge,  YaldiiDf,  Kent,  and 
brother  of  Sir  Robert  Sidney. 

East  lKntBs.-'X>«e.  99.  Killed  hi 
actian,  •&  Mahan^poofr  i4ettt«»Colt  E4* 


:.•> 


far    flb'    r- .    r,.^  /-=« — ^    .     ^.-.' 
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Tw-T  ;*■  1    •■•'     y    V-uv-r.  t^fc;  y  -.:*• 
'A.  M    y i-'  "la       I."     \\* 

/>«.••;          '.      '•..•■.•-!      ^I.M&ll.t.  •■:?•    -y 

«*t    -y  •.!.•   rj^    iir;o*i  Ou'v*  /^Ar'-.r 

r-^-v..    ..  '.    y    •.'-ta    *:•••     X  Zj     K-'X. 

!•..«*  :i.tu  '.-.  I    >*^«    W.C  sa-v    -y  Sts-fc*. 
fcrv**.    •!•'.    -y  iV^'-t'^ 


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#'#'fr.  IV.  0&  Lit  my  f.'vs.  Hji^i%\hC 
t/t  M«4fw.  M*//r  >».  I/.  Aw-irr,  Cva.- 
ll.«^4.^|r  •*.<  ?..'«•-  N    I. 

i^*//    V/.     Jr.    li'ju.'Af.   f  fep*.  f,L«.'!«a 

tiM  i*'>-   lUrf     lw«/.    \HU\nu,    of   Kct«Kk» 

OmI  |#«/rt.  I<«  WM  brotr.cr  X/i  tL«  l«te 
Hl^hi  Hon.  W.  MuikiM'yn. 

AiiftoAii.- -  Vat/.  'iO.  A».  Vydfiey,  «if*(i 
^V,  llrnry-ThorriM,  onljr  fm  of  Kkhard 
fiolt.  rt^i.  </f  .M«7r  Hill,  r;rwrifrir  h  Park. 

//^/•.  15.  ifn  tfotril  tli«  "  Kuphratf-i,** 
rrfuifiiri|r  ttum  i'Mna,  ^Kfil  .'^V,  William 
Alriiaf.k,  r>r|.  liroUicr  to  Mr.  Almhck,  of 
M«lfortt,  Httffolk. 


a>^    ef  tte 


5ck 


sinzst 

£xrtJifI>rv  tXiS  XC3SS.  ] 

i^*4 .  . :      AT.  TjsnsDa. 
-y  V.tf.'r;  ?rir?  fiK-nf , 

A.:  A.=.r-£riuL.  Ssbtml 
*larr   Ki   -y   R. 

/Vf    :•?.      A:  Pk»     »cr£   €1. 

FeS.  i-:'.    A:  S:.  Pescibcf.  u 
Aiti.n:  Hil. 

Ff  ft.  S4.     A:  I>->rf>e.  and  TS.  ( 
CL»f  r.11..  M&.  e*^. 

Fri.  iv.  At  Alrxaadria.  ^cd  S5. 
Kr/gfT.  ".-&! J  »3L  of  Edvird  FridAnd,  ci^. 
of  R/>«*.  Htrrforiiia*. 

F«&.  i<.  At  locoBTiUe.  new  Hsnv,  •■ 
hia  r'Ai  to  EDj^iA&d.  Jobs  MoraCt  caq.  of 
Abbo*.'«  W/>o!Vjd,  Donct,  l^c  of  S|»ro«»- 
tOQ  H&'.l,  Norfolk,  ■  deputy -UeBt.  and 
iDiip«tratc  of  tUt  coontr,  for  wliick  be 
aho  Mrred  the  office  of  hij^  ihcriff. 

At  VerfttiUei,  tfed  71,  Wb.  Wilder, 
etq.  ton  of  tbe  Ute  Rer.  Dr.  WHder,  of 
Parle  J  hmll,  Berks. 

Feb.  S<j.  At  Naples,  Fumy,  wife  oT 
8ir  Peregrine- Palmer. Pnller-PitliBcr  Ac- 
land,  hart,  of  Fairfield,  co.  SomcrKt. 

March  H,  At  Rome,  Willitm  G.  Croi- 
▼eh,  eiq. 

March  9.    At  Oettricb,  Nairn,  Dr. 


1844.] 


Obititary. 


559 


Junes  Mattliewi,  Sargeoa  to  tbe  Forcci » 
half-pay, 

March  17*  At  MarseiHeit  aged  39, 
William  Masgrave,  c»q.  son  of  tlie  Ute 
Clirjitopher  Musjrave,  esq. 

March  18.  At  Tours,  Ann,  wife  of  R. 
Rowes,  esq.  of  Stratford  Grove,  Et8«ju 

March  S L  At  Fircybourg-en-Breiagmtt, 
Hannali,  wife  of  Baron  de  Porbeck,  and 
niece  of  tbe  Hon.  Miaa  Coltnan. 

March  25.  At  Hddelberg,  GenQany, 
Archibald  Sympioo,  esq. 

At  Paris,  aged64,  Pa^ck  Stewart,  esq. 
of  Aucbealnokort,  BanHihire. 

March  26,  At  Amsterdam,  aged  73, 
Capt.  John  Duval,  late  of  tlie  SI  it  foot. 

Afareh  28.    At  Carlsrub^,  Baden,  Ce- 


cilia, wife  of  Wioi^eld  Tatea,  esq.  late  of 
Parkfieids,  Suifordsh. 

March  99.  At  Rome,  aged  21,  John 
Clayton  Manlej,  esq.  eldest  son  of  John 
Sfaawe  Manley,  esq.  of  Manley  Hall, 
Staffordshire. 

March  30,  At  NicCi  aged  30,  Richard 
Octavina  Ward,  formerlf  Capt.  in  the 
Royal  Hussorst  and  yoangeat  son  of  the 
late  George  Ward,  esq.  of  North  wood 
P^k,  Cowes. 

tatety.  At  Bremen,  Germany,  aged 
69,  Commander  H.  W.  Bishop,  R*K. 

At  LaunoestoD,  Van  Dlemen*s  Land, 
aged  26,  Maria,  wife  of  A.  Riddell,  esq. 

In  China,  aged  33,  Amelimi,  son  of  the 
late  Rt.  Hon«  Sir  Arthur  P«get. 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

(Including  the  Bi strict  of  Wandsworth  and  Clapham.) 

From  the  Retumt  Untfd  by  the  Reyiftrar  General, 

Deaths  RsaiflTERED  from  March  23  to  April  2Q,  1S44,  (5  weeks,) 


Malea 
Femftles 


2284 
S416 


4700 


Under  15 2135> 

XhtQm .1548  (,*,.^ 

00  and  upviarda        986/*'"" 
Age  not  speciiied      31  J 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  April  23. 


Wheat.  I  Barley. 
55  11       32  10 


Oats.  I  Rye. 
f.  d^  I  f.  d. 
20     4      32    0 


Beans. 
*,     d. 

28  10 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,   April  23. 
Suisez  Pocketa,  6A  0#.  to  6/,  lOt.^Kent  Pockets,  6/.  Q».  to  8/.  lOr, 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  April  26. 
Hay,  2/.  15*.  to  'M,  16*.— Straw,  XL  (k.  to  H,  iOt,— Clover,  3/.  5jf.  to  5/.  5f. 
SMITHFIELD,  April  2(J,     To  sink  the  Offal—per  stone  of8Ibs. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  April  20. 

Beasts. 620       CiUres    183 

Sheepandl«mba    8040      Piga      376 


Beef... 2f.    4<f.  to  3i.  lOd. 

Mutton 2i.   %d,  to  4j.     U, 

Veal..., ..Sit.    4rf.  to  4#.    6*/. 

Pork ^.  4rf.  to  4j.    id, 

COAL  MARKET.  April  26. 

Walls  Eiids,  from  L0#.  M,  to  22f.  6J.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  I5#.  6<f.  to  20#.  6if. 

T  ALLO  W,  per  cwt*— Town  Tallow,  43f.  Qd,      Yellow  Russia,  42#»  6d. 

CANDLES,  7#.  Od.  per  doi.     Moulds,  9«.  6d. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 
At  the  Office  of  WOLFE,  BHOTHcaa,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 

23,  Change  Alley,  ComhilL 

BirTninghain  Canal,  173*^— EUcsmcre  and   Chester*  65. Grand  Junction,  159. 

Kciinet  and  Avon,  10^, Leeds  and  Liverpool,  650,  Regent's,  24|. 

^ — Rochdale,  62. London  Dock  Stoc-k,  10£>|. St.  Katharine's,  114. Eaat 

and   Webt   India,  138.  London    and   Birmingham    Railwav,  233. Great 

Western,  34|  prem. London  and  Southwestern,  84. Grand  Junction    Water- 
works, 87. West  Middlesex,  121. Globe  Insurance,   140. Guardian, 

1         50. Hope,  8.~  Chartered  Gas,  66. Imperial  Gas.  86 Phoenix  Gas,  364. 

I         ^—London  and  Westminster  Bank.  25|. Reversionary  Interest,  104- 

■  Far  Prices  ot  aU  other  ShAret,  enqture  ta  ftbove. 


seo 

METEOROLOGICAL  DIART,  by  W.  CARY,  Stkakd. 
Fnm  March  26,  /o  JprU  86,  1844,  both  inekmh: 


l<Vhri 

anhet 

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^t 

foggy,  fiiir 

due 

fdo. 

da. 

slight  ra.  Mt 

Nnir,  elondf 

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fine 


Fahrenheit's  Thenn. 


f§i 

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11 

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*^  ^ 

1 

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DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 

• 

J 

1 

1 

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a 

ll 

^1 

3  . 

■5  ^ 

1 

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3 

jeiooo. 

27 

195 
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1954 
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i03i!  1024 
ia;i4    lo^r^ 

I03|    1021 
1034    i(>ai 

12 
124 
12 
12) 

§6  pro. 

OR  on  nrfi 

68    70ppi, 
68    70  pm, 

68  pro* 

68  70pt]i. 
71     80  pro* 
71     69  pro- 

69  pm. 

69  71pm. 

70  73  p«, 
73    72pro. 
73    72  pro. 

71  72pro. 
70     72  pro. 
70    72|mi. 
70    Ttpin. 

78  pm. 

69  71  pro. 

70  67  pro- 

67  69  pro. 
66    70  pm- 

68  70  pro, 

69  71  pro, 
68    Wpro* 

70  88  pro. 
70    68  pm. 

,  68    70pm« 

2S 

1 

II 

279 

1024 
1024 

I02f 

]0£4 
J02i 
102 
I0£| 

1024 
1021  1 

im\ 
102 

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11191 

86  pro* 
86  pro. 

88  pro, 

89  pnt, 
90  88  pro. 

p 
4 

,^^^_ 

1114 

A 

7 

fi 

1 

1 
11 

14 

^— 1 

fiiiflDnm 

90  85  pro. 

13 

u 

15 
16 

\ 

^ 

\ 

— 

1886  pm. 

B5pro. 
e7Wipro. 

88  pn. 

lait  naunm 

1 

mi  1 

1  ■•■^—1 

in 

1 

m 
m 
m 

981 
961 

He; 

99 
981 

1024 
iQti 

20 
21 

nil 

1 

86  pro. 

WE 
114 

1. 

15 

1 

1)21 

86  \m, 
86pai. 

( 

1 

.J 

r 

1 

1 

J.  J.  ARNULL,  EnglUh  and  ForeigD  Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

3,  Bank  Chambera,  Lothbuy. 

J.  B.  moBou  AiTD  ao^,  patimaa,  M^  fAAUASurr-aniBiT. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 

JUNE,  1844. 
Bv  SYLV.VNUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


CONTENTS.  ,xM 

MiNOft  CoRRKSpoNDENCK ^Tbc  Camdcn  Society. ^Ancestry  of  Thonraldjen* 

—Family  o(  Colonel  Carlot.— Fr.  Qoaries,— Dr.   Naali't  MSS.— Meaux 

Abbey.— Dorclicatcr  Church,  Oxoa 569 

Brcs  ON  CoLLteK*s  AKO  Knigrt's  Editions  or  SuAMaBP&AftKt  ••«•»«.  •*     56S 

Memoir  mid  Correspoa  JcDce  of  Mrs.  Gratit  of  Laggaci  (c^tuivded)   •  • 571 

Tbe  Mwrtard-Trce  of  Scripture,  the  Sinapia  Orientalif . . , , .     574 

Liat  of  CoDtributorg  to  the  Quarterly  Re?iew,  from  18 11)  to  1 8^8 « 577 

Banks'*  *'  Baronia  Anglica  CoBceutrata/*  and  Nicolni't  Synopila  of  the  Peerage     580 

Caterpillar  Am  ulets  fouud  iu  Ireland  (ufitA  a  PiaieJ    •..•....,,     582 

Quarries  of  Glass  from  Wottou,  Surrey,  inidribed  by  John  BvelyQ  *..,,,,,...     563 

>  Ou  the  Dumber  of  Aoglo-Saxon  Churches. , **,..*•.•• 5B5 

Omissiottfl  in  Domesdiiy  Bouk—  Halifax ,.«•..••<•*, « •  •• 5M 

Illegitimacy  of  the  Sinclaira  of  Ulhstcr ».•••■*•«•.•■■«••«••«..•     591 

[  The  Familieg  of  NewuU  and  Kcrshagh  of  Lancashire •«■•■*>••••     593 

I  The  Book-Worm,  and  Redpe  for  destroying  it «•.••*. 596 

I  The  Topograpliy  of  Suffolk— Bohun  Monarocnt  at  Wegthall 6»7 

Extraordinary  Female  Eccentric  Itving  in  Kent  about  1 700 599 

On  CKsar**  Passage  of  the  Thame*- Roman  Iter  through  Kent.  • ••••,•     600 

ConaideratioQi respecting  Ca^ar's  lauding  in  Britain    ,••  .,•,•.  .•*•     601 

(  Bernard  and  Barnard— Barnard  Castle  and  Bernard  Gilpin » . . , •     609 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 
The  Hcimskringlfl,  or  Sagas  of  Norway,  by  Mr.  Laiog,  G03  i  Civil- War  Tractt 
relating  to  Lancajbire.  (i08  ;  Blaftuw*s  Barons'  War,  610  ;  Merivale's  Minor 
Poems  by  ScUilkr,  GUj  Cniden's  History  of  Gravesend  and  the  Port  of 
London,  617  ;  W'bite'a  Eccleaidstical  Law;  the  Constitutions  of  Othobon, 
619  ;  Akerman's  Coins  of  Cities  and  Princes,  6^0;  Miacellaneotts  Reviesrs  b'SO 
LITERARY    AND  SCIENTIFIC   INTELLIGENCE. 

New  Publications,  691 ;  University  of  Cambridge— Camden  Society,  628  j 
Shakespeare  Society »  6^9  ;  Literary  Fund  Society— Zoological  Society- 
Prize  Essays,  ElO;  Virtuosi   Provident  Fund— Printers'  Almshouse— Cla- 

rinda  Correspondence » » , , » ♦ *     631 

FINE  ARTS— Mr.  Seguicr's  Prints,  &c.  €31  j  Mr.  Harman's  Picturos .......     638 

ARCH ITECTU RE.— Oxford  Architectural  Society 633 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES,— Society  of  Antiquaries,  G33  ;  Etruscan 
City,  635  ;  Antique  Sculpture — Urns  at  Scarborough — Sepulchral  Chamber 

at  Horton,  Gloucesterahire^Sepukhral  Effigies  at  Bristol,  &c.  , •     636 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE.— Proceeding!  in   Parliament,   638;    Foreign 

Ncwa — Domestic  Occurrences 841 

Promotiona  and  Preferments,  642  j  Births,  i5.  Marriaget 644 

OBITUARY  J  with  Memoirs  of  The  King  of  Sweden  ;  Lord  Abinger ;  Rear- 
Adm.  Hon.  F.  P.  Irby ;  Rear-Adm.  Fane;  Sir  C.  F.  Goring,  Bart.:  Sir 
John  Gibbons,  Bart.  ;  Sir  R.  A.  Donsclas,  Bart. ;  Hon.  R.  Bootle  Wilbra- 
bam;  T.  P.  Acland,E»q. ;  Colonel  J.  F,  Browne;  Lt-CoL  Simson;  Row, 
Dr.  Cresfiwell;  Mr.  John  Carne ;  Charles  London,  M.D  ;  Duncan  F. 
Gregory,  Esq. ;  Stiglmiyer;  Mr.  Nicholas  Biddle  j  Mr.  John  Rogers..  647— 658 

Clkrgy  DxcEAasD.. OSa 

DEATHit,  arranged  in  Counties , 668 

Registrar 'General's  Returns  of  Mortality  in  the  Metropolis — Marketa— Prioet 

of  Shares,  671 ;   Meteorological  Diary— Stocks 6711 

Embellished  with  a  Plate  of  Two  Catxhpii-lar  Aisc;LKTit  a  Brooch,  and   CiLT 
fotrnd  m  InUad ;  tad  i  F«c.$imUe  of  Gla^h  itiicrib«4  by  Joasr  Eysi^yk. 


562 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


A  LoNi»ON  Member  or  the  Camdcn 

SocrETT«  who  was  present  at  the  annual 
meeting  (wbicU  is  noticed  in  the  Literary 
IntelligcDce  of  our  preseDt  Mag;iizinc!)  and 
was  much  gratified  with  the  eatisfaotory 
Reports  both  of  the  Council  and  of  the 
And  I  tort  ^  requests  us  to  direct  attention  to 
tha  following  paragraph  in  the  former ; — 
'^  The  Council  desire  to  point  out  to  the 
Members  bow  advautageouB  it  ii  to  the 
Society  that  gentlemen  poBseflfing  local 
ioineiioe  «h<mld  give  their  asiistaoce  as 
Local  Seerrtariei  i  and  recommend  to  all 
Members  who  feel  deairona  to  promote 
the  wclfiu'e  of  the  Society*  not  to  omit  any 
opporttmlty  of  securing  the  Berrlcet  of 
•neh  giBticai«il.  Under  the  new  arrange- 
niMits  in  refereaee  to  the  receipt  of  sub- 
icriptions,  but  little  trouble  is  thrown 
upon  the  Local  Secretariei  t  but  their  co- 
operation with  the  Secretary  ia  very  often 
Of  the  Taont  essential  Aervice/'  The  geo- 
tleman  who  proposed  the  adoption  of  the 
Report,  having  stated  his  willingneaa  to 
serve  as  Local  Secretary  for  his  district 
(Mr.  DeardcD,  of  Rochdale,  in  Laoca- 
lbire)»  the  Secretary,  in  the  name  of  the 
CniLDci],  asyured  bim  that  in  no  way  could 
Members  resident  in  the  country  so  effec- 
tually serve  the  Society  at  by  undertaking 
the  not  vvrj  taborioui  duties  of  that  office. 
Now,  as  the  Members  who  could  thus 
effectually  serve  the  Society  are  jutt  those 
who  were  absent  from  the  Meeting,  and, 
consequently,  ignorant  of  the  service* 
they  might  render,  our  oorreapundeiit 
begs  to  call  their  attention  to  this  subject. 
We  may  take  the  opportunity  to  add  that 
any  inqiLiries  relative  to  Che  8o<»ety  may 
be  addreated  to  the  London  Secretary, 
Mr.  W.  J.  Thona,  to  the  care  of  Meure. 
Nichols,  Parliament  Street. 

Mr,  J.  Toulmin  Smith,  in  bla  '*  Dis- 
covery of  America  by  the  Northmen  in 
the  Tenth  Centurv,"  1839,  p,  167,  has 
ahown  the  high  antiqntty  of  the  peillgrec 
of  the  eenlptor  Tborwaldsvm  (whow  me- 
»0if  appeared  ia  p.  54(i,)  in  his  descent 
fW>m  Thornfinn,  and  Gudrid  bit  wife,  two 
of  (he  earliest  colonrsU  of  the  American 
Vinland,  the  exact  site  of  which  it  so 
much  disputed.  They  putted  a  winter  at 
Stranmliord,  i.  #.  Th§  Aojr  o/  Currmtw, 
where  their  ton,  So^frf,  was  born,  and 
which  ipot  Mr.  Soiitli  idrntihr..  wi^h 
nmtsard*9  Bajf,     **  Snorri  1  n 

wet  thua  bom  In  the  prracnt  V  i^. 

aaehtttetta,  in  Ibe  veer  1(K;;,  Uiog  the 
first  of  Earopoen  blood,  of  whose  oirtli 
III  Ameriot  we  b«Te  any  record.    Flrona 


him  the  celebrated  living  sculptor  7%or* 
tatdson  is  linenUy  descended,  besides  a 
long  train  of  learned  and  iUattrious  cha- 
racters, who  have  flouriahed  daring  the 
last  eight  centuries  in  Iceland  and  Dell* 
mark."  (Mr.  Smith  spells  the  name  l1ior- 
valdaon  with  an  o.) 

E«  J.  C.  remark  a,  with  reference  to  our 
note  in  p.  548,  that  '*  Colonel  Carlo*  had 
a  son  who  was  buried  in  Pulham  Church, 
and  has  a  monument  in  the  chtneet 
(Faulkner's  History  of  Fulham.  4to.  p  70, 
and  Strype't  Stowe,  voL  2,  App.  73)  The 
poetical  inscription  given  in  Mr.  Faulk  ner^t 
work  intimates  that  he  outlived  his  father. 
The  Editors  of  the  Botcobel  Tracte  wef* 
therefore  wrong  in  their  assumption  that 
he  woj;  childless/ '—We  are  informed  that 
a  family  of  Prior,  some  years  ago,  in  the 
belief  that  the  male  line  of  the  Carloe 
family  was  extinct,  astumed  the  Carlot 
arms  and  cre^t  The  grandfather  of  Mr. 
Prior,  now  of  Chancery  Lane,  was  (through 
hi«  mother)  nephew  to  Mr.  Gregory  Car- 
los, of  Fortamonth. 

The  Rev.  Thomas  QoAniEt,  having 
collected  together  from  various  tourccei 
hitherto  unnoticed,  much  matter  for  • 
Life  of  Francis  Quarles,  the  author  Of 
the  **  Emblems,''  wonld  feel  obliged  hf 
any  com muoi cation  respecting  the  poet  or 
his  writingt,  addrefted  under  cover  10  Mr, 
Cundoll,  bookseller,  13,  Old  Bond  Street, 
Ixmdon. 

C.  N.  bquirea  what  hat  beoome  of  Dr. 
Tredwty  Nash's  MSS.  from  wbioli  wu 
compiled  hts  History  of  Woroeitetshire, 
snd  if  thf  re  are  any  continnatjone  of  the 
coliiterti  branches  in  bis  own  pedigree 
tubjained  to  that  work. 

A.  YoRKsRinaiiAN  inqutree,  le  tbore 
any  existing  drawing  of  the  plan  or  eleva- 
tion of  Mcaujt  Abbey  in  Holderness  ?  and 
if  so,  where  ia  it  to  be  met  with  ? 

Mr.  M,  H.  BtoxAify  of  Rttgby,  bc^ 
to  thank  an  anonymous  correifHflMleot^ 
*'  A  Sthakgrb/'  for  hit  coOiaiwileBtlM 
relatiire  to  a  window  on  the  north  tide  of 
Doreb ester  Church,  Oxon.  An  icconnt 
of  that  very  interesting  church  i»  ibonl  te 
be  illustrated  by  the  Oxford  Archftecturml 
Society,  and  a  oommuuioation  on  the 
subject  shall  be  forwarded  to  those  under 
whote  immediartf  tuperio tendance  U  wiU 
be  publitbed.  The  suggettion  relative  to 
the  Saxon  coins  ahaU  be  acted  mpOM  if  m 
future  editioii  of  the  work  ailnded  to  by 
"  a  Stranger,'*  one  having  been  jntt  pub* 
Usbed,  abonld  be  oeUed  Ibr . 


GENTLEMAN'S   MAGAZINE. 


Remarks  on  Mr.  /.  P.  CalHer's  and  Mr,  C.  Kmght$  Editions  of  Shaketpearw, 
By  Rev,  Alexander  Dyce,   8po.    1844. 

WHEN  new  editiapi  of  Shakespeare  were  ai^Dounced  by  Meears.  Collier 

suid  KuigJit^  wc  certainly  conceived  that  the  public  would  derive  gre^ 
advautage  froai  their  leaiuing  aod  iudustry  >  but,  aJthough  we  expected 
some  original  iuroruiation  to  be  giveu^  and  sorue  new  light  occa$ioijally  to 
be  throw u  oa  diScult  and  disputed  passages  of  the  text«  we  looked  y^ 
more  anxiously  to  a  cartful  and  judicious  sekctwn  of  the  notes  of  the  older 
comiiieutatorij,  and  to  a  removal  of  the  iiumeiisc  and  pourieroos  loads  of 
learned  rubbish,  undev  which  the  poetry  of  Shakespeare  bad  gradually  been 
borieij.  Tlii^  hug^  uia8«  of  cotnmei^tary  had  become  a  positive  evil  h^fi 
incumbraflce  to  the  reader,  often  detaining  hiin  in  piles  of  obscure  and 
Dcediess  erudition,  in  doll  disputes  and  iUngical  rea&ouings,  aud  oiUp 
leading  him  astray  by  fanciful  interpretatiouB  and  vLoleut  and  unnecessary 
epaendatious.  The  notes  in  the  voluminous  editions  of  Reed  aod  MaloQf 
were  the  accumulated  productions  of  all  the  critics,  from  Rowe  the  Ar^ 
editor  to  Malone  the  last,  and  great  part  of  them  wa8  occupied  id  auimad- 
vcrsions  on  each  others'  arguments,  refutations  of  each  others*  coxijecturej, 
aud  displays  of  their  own  superior  skill  aud  sagacity. 

"  Critics  there  were  who  othen'  numct  defaced/'  fitc. 

T)l0  rea]  difficulties  which  the  aimotators  had  to  contend  with  were, for  the 
oMit  part,  obscurities  in  the  id i urns  and  poetical  language  of  the  times,  allu- 
sions to  customs  Xiot  understood,  errors  in  the  text  from  tlie  plays  not  having 
been  printed  from  authorised  copies  under  the  careful  Muperinlendence  of 
the  author  or  editor,  but  obtained  from  the  prompters  and  players  at  the 
theatre  i  to  tlieae  must  be  added  the  typographical  mistakes  of  the 
printers,  and  taslly  the  unwarranted  substitutions  by  tlie  early  editori 
of  their  owo  coujectnres,  VVarburton  said  of  Pope,  *'  that  by  a  careful 
collation  of  the  early  editions,  he  rectified  the  faulty  anci  supplied 
the  imperfect  readiug  in  a  great  number  of  places  ■/'  and  yet,  so  far  from 
this  being  true,  Pope  often  inserted  readings  into  Shakeqjeare's  text  on 
the  simple  principle  of  improving  U^  whenever  he  found  a  passage  that 
apj}eared  inelegant,  difficult,  or  obscure,  as  in  Timoni  Act  2,  ic.  2. 


He  readSf 


"  I  htkve  retir^4  me  to  a  wattiifiil  cockf'* 
*'  I  have  retired  me  to  a  loMfy  room/' 


But  Dr.  Johnson  led  the  way  to  a  sounder  and  better  school  of  criticism^ 
'*  Conjecture,*'  he  says,  **  though  it  be  sometimes  unavoidable,  I  have  not 
wantonly  nor  licentiously  indulged.  It  has  been  my  settled  principle  that 
the  reading  of  the  ancient  liooks  \%  probabty  true,  and  therefore  is  not  to  be 
disturbed  for  the  sake  of  elegance,  perspicuity,  or  mere  improvement  of 
Hie  lense*    For  though  mu(£  credit  is  not  due  to  the  hdelity^  nor  any  to 


5(54  Coili€r*s  and  Knight's  EdiUons  of  Shnkespeare,  [June* 

the  judgment  of  the  first  publislicrs,  yet  tUcy  who  hail  the  copy  before 
tUeir  eyes  were  more  likely  to  read  it  riglit  tlinn  we  who  read  it  only  by 
imagination.  But  it  is  evident  that  they  have  ofteti  made  strange  mistakes 
by  ignoraoce  or  negligence,  and  that  tlierefme  something  may  be  properly 
attempted  by  criticism,  keeping  the  middle  way  between  presuniptiou  and 
timidity.  Such  criticism  1  have  attemptpcl  to  practise,  and  when  any 
passage  appeared  inextricably  perplexed,  have  endeavoured  to  discover  how 
it  may  be  recalled  to  sense  with  least  violence,  But  my  first  labour  is 
always  to  turn  the  old  text  on  every  side,  and  try  if  there  be  any  inter* 
stice  through  which  light  can  find  its  way*  nor  wonld  Hnetitts  himself  con- 
demn me  as  rcfosing  the  trouble  of  research  for  ihe  ambition  of  attcratiotn 
In  this  modest  industry  1  liave  not  been  unsuccessful,  1  have  rescued 
many  lines  from  the  violations  of  temerity,  and  secured  many  scenes  frooi 
the  inroads  of  correction.  I  have  adopted  the  Roman  sentiment,  that  it  is 
more  honourable  to  save  a  citizen  than  to  kill  an  enemy,  and  have  been 
more  careful  to  protect  than  to  attack;'  &c.  But  on  whatever  principle* 
the  various  commentators  on  Shakespeare  have  proceeded*  and  however 
diflferent  their  talents  and  acqulrementSi  it  must  he  in  fairness  confessed 
that  there  is  not  one,  fiotn  tlie  earliest  to  the  latest,  who  has  not  added 
something  to  the  elucidation  of  his  author,  either  by  judicious  interpreta- 
tion, or  fortunate  and  skilful  conjecture.  What  one  wanted  another  sop- 
pUed,  and  even  the  humblest  had  something  to  bring.  Thus  much  curious 
and  remote  learning  has  been  brought  to  bear  euccessfolly  on  difficult  pas- 
sages of  the  text,  truth  has  been  elicited  in  the  conflict  of  adverse  argu- 
ments, and  few  works  have  been  overlooked,  whether  printed  or  manu- 
script, that  could  throw  light  upon  the  pages  of  the  great  glory  of  the 
English  stage.  The  last  edition  of  those  voluminous  and  learned  commen- 
taries was  given  by  Mr.  Boswell  in  the  Shakcbj>eare  wliich  he  printed  from 
Malone's  manuscripts  ^  and  since  that  time,  nothing  of  any  importance  has 
been  done,  till  the  appearance  of  the  two  present  editions.  Those  how*- 
ever  who  open  them,  with  the  hope  of  finding  in  them  a  selection  or 
abridgment  of  the  older  commentaries  that  we  have  described,  will  be  dis- 
appointed :  the  purpose  of  Uie  iditions  has  been  of  a  different  kind  ;  and 
the  editors  have  rather  aspired  to  the  title  of  original  criticism,  than  been 
content  with  the  humbler  task  of  correcting  and  improving  the  labours  of 
their  predecessors.  To  Mr,  Collier  the  praise  is  certainly  due  of  having 
given  such  a  faithful  and  accurate  collation  of  the  older  editions,  as  to 
render  any  future  endeavour  of  the  same  kind  utterly  superfluous  :  and  ia 
some  instances  he  has  found  his  labour  rewarded  by  the  discovery  of  the 
an  then  tic  text,  and  the  rectification  of  a  long  disputed  passage  on  which 
conjecture  and  learning  would  equally  have  been  employed  in  vain. 

The  publication  of  Mr,  Dyce  to  which  we  now  come,  contains  the  ob- 
servations of  that  gentleman,  upon  the  readings  of  these  res|)cctive  edi- 
tions, and  on  the  reasonings  on  which  tliose  readings  arc  supported  by  the 
authors.  We  do  not  enter  on  tliis  subject,  we  trust,  in  the  least,  in  llic 
spirit  of  a  partizan  ^  but  approach  it  without  bias,  in  the  honest  spirit  of 
open  and  fair  criticism  :  and  therefore  we  da  not  hesitate  to  say,  that 
this  publication  certainly  shows  that  Mr.  Dyce  deseires  the  high  reputa- 
tiou  he  has  accjuired,  as  a  person  intimately  acquainted  with  our  dramatic 

srature,  with  the  idioms  and  language  of  our  early  writers,  and  who  13 
liognlar  degree  familiar  w  ith  the  whole  vocabulary  of  the  Hogllsli 
^-  that  bis  criticisms  are  always  founded  on  ample  lcnowie4f8» 
by  sufficient  example*  ^  he  makei  no  rub  conjectore«,TM^ 


1844.]         Colliers  and  Knights  Editions  of  Shakespeare^  5<>5 

defends  no  liarsli  idiomt}  and  forced  constructions ;  ttor  flies  for  refuge  in 
cjises  of  rJifficiiUy  to  overstmiricd,  laborious,  and  un  sal  is  factor)'  inter[>reta- 
tions.  He  knows  "  Quam  belluin  erat,  coBtiteri  i>otin8  nest  ire  quod 
ncscires,  qumm  ista  efifutientein  museare,  attjue  ipsum  tibi  displicere/'  In  this 
work,  we  tbiuk  he  has  been  of  considerable  service  tot  he  text  of  Shakespeare, 
not  only  by  particular  critici^nas,  but  by  holding  out  an  example  to  future 
cotnmentators  of  tke  spirit  in  which  they  should  upproach  their  task,  and 
of  the  qualifications  which  are  necessary  to  enable  thcjn  to  fulfil  it,  with 
credit  to  themselves,  iaiproveinent  to  the  author,  and  satisfaction  to  their 
readers*  There  is  no  cause  why  cither  of  the  editors  should  receive  of- 
fence at  this  publication  J  because  Mr*  Dyee  has  never  differed  from 
them  without  specifying  his  reaeons,  nor  ever  disjiuted  their  conclusions 
without  bringing  his  arguments  and  authorities  fully  before  them.  We 
therefore  hope  that  the  editors  will,  in  the  candour  of  generous  minds, 
believe  what  he  says,  tliat  this  work  originated  in  pure  love  of  Shake* 
si>earet  and  not  in  the  desire  of  decrying  their  labours.  And 
we  shall  be  glad  to  hear  them  adopting  the  language  and  feeling  of  a  very 
sensible  and  judicious  scholar,  who  had  been  brought  up  in  the  best  school 
of  criticism,  which  teaches  how  to  receive  correction,  wheu  offered  in  the 
-spirit  of  a  scholar  and  a  gentleman*  **  Cum  doctjssimus  iiie  rir  mcoruiu 
nonuulla  rede  rejjrehcudissc  vidcretur,  ea  vet  susittii  vei  correjri ;  et 
tautnni  abest,  ut  pulitissimo  scriptori  propter  censuram,  quam  tulit,  maJe- 
velim,  ut  ei  proptcrea  maj^htms  htibefim  uf que  ogam  gratius.  De  co  vicissiin 
bene  mereri  sum  conatus  ;  omnia  tamen  qnte  minus  piacebaiit,  ne  memoravi 
quidem,  uiu!to  minus  ad  vivum  resecui ;  quipjic  qui  memor  fnerim,  me  non 
aliorum  refellendornm,  sed  Ciceronis  explicandi  purgandique  provin- 
ciam  suscipisse/''^  Our  own  observations  we  o0er  with  that  diffidence 
which  ought  to  be  brought  to  the  very  delicate  and  difficult  task  of  verbal 
criticism  j  and  by  no  means  iti  any  attempt  to  rival  the  succesiful  labours 
of  thosei  with  more  learning  and  talent  than  ourselves, 

**  WhoBtudy  ShMktHptare  in  the  ioni  of  Court/' 


TEMPEST.t 
VoL  1V«  p  36.     Miranda,  speaking  of  Caliban,  says* 

" 'Til  a  t?i//aiVi,  ur, 
I  do  oot  loTc  to  look  on." 

Hctc  *'  villain  '*  is  to  be  understood  in  the  sense  of  *'  slave/"  btit  there 
IS  no  note  in  Reed's  edition. 

P.  5K—  "  Sometimes  I'U  fct  thee 

Youn^  Meamellt  from  the  rocks/' 

Id  the  old  edition  it  is  "  scamels/'  Theobald  conjectured  *'  aeamclls,'*  but 
no  authority  has  been  given  for  this  word.  Mr,  Dyce  has  shewn  that 
there  is  such  a  word  as  **  seainaU/*  from  Holme's  Acad- of  Armory,  p.  262. 
He  himself  queries  if  the  right  reading  t>e  not  *'  stanieU^**  a  commoti  species 

*  Vide  FrefatioDem  J.  Daviiil  ad  Cioeroaein  de  Nutun  Deorotn^  pmg,  olt. 

t  Our  reference!  arc  made  to  Reed's  Ed.  of  Steeveas,  21  toU.  1803,  the  one  vr 
happen  to  potiess*  Tbl*  is  necessary  to  meuttoQ  at  the  teit  f aries  in  the  different 
modem  editions* 


5M  OoUkr's  ami  KmghfB  MdUimi  ^  SkMhiwfmn.        ihrnm, 

of  bftwk.  Bat  the  true  reading,  we  think,  is  that  which  haa  eaca|wd  all  Ilia 
oommentatora,  via.  "  aeegell .**  Aofwf,  gavia,  a  seacob,  or  aeegdl 5  aee  A?iuB 
precipaaram  bistoria  per  G.  TamervMn,  1544,  12aio.  As  ''acanel*'  haa 
BO  known  meaning  nor  authority,  and  aa  the  word  ''  seaaMll  '*  is  witiM«l 
anthority,  we  consider  oar  reading  to  have  the  foremost  claim  to  he  adU 
mitted  as  the  text.  The  seagnll  or  seamew  in  SuffiDlk  ia  always  called  fhm 
**  aaaoob,"  therefore  the  i^geil  is  the  common  seamew  3  and  thia  waad 
QOmes  00  the  authority  of  an  omithokigical  work. 

Act  V.  sc  1, 1.  77,  K.  208,  Dyoe  7. 

Mr.  Dyce  has  very  rightly  underateod  and  oorraetly  poimM  the  9Bmg 
''  Whete  the  bee  socks,*'  and  we  transcribe  it  from  hu  panctoatioii,  that 
we  Buy  the  better  shew  whal  we  oaoaider  to  be  the  great  mistakes  e€  Hm 
editors  in  their  respective  interpretations. 

<' Where  the  bee  sofikf,  tjien  sa^  li 

In  a  oowslip*!  bell  |  lie ; 

There  I  coach  when  owls  do  cry. 

On  the  bet'f  beck  I  do  iy 

After  — m— r  lewily. 
Merrilf ,  merrUy  ehaU  I  live  aow 
Under  the  bioiaoQi  that  hei^  on  the  hough.*' 

Mr.  CelKer  says  "  In  the  original  there  is  no  point  aller  'conch,'  bat  it 
aeems  necessary,  aBd  was  inserted  by  Makme."     He  accordingly  rc»ada» 

*'  There  I  couch.    When  ovU  do  cry, 
On  the  bet*i  back  I  do  fly," 

That  this  is  qaifte  wrong  we  cai^  entertain  no  doabt,  not  only  becansip 
^  there  I  conch  *'  is  a  mere  repetition  of''  there  1  he,*'  bat  tbat  Shakespeare 
BMant,  "  when  night  came,  at  which  season  the  owls  cry,  Ariel  coaches, 
and  takes  his  repose  in  the  cowslip  s  bell.  Also  it  leads  to  another  afill 
greater  mistake,  which  is  that,  according  to  this  reading,  Arid  flies  after 
summer  only  in  the  night-time,  or  "  when  owls  do  p^y  ;**  for  these  amply 
snfficient  reasons  this  reading  is  to  be  utterly  rejected.  The  panctaation 
of  Mr.  Knight  is  still  worse. 

*'  Where  the  bee  mmIfs  thi^e  nek  I ; 
In  a  cowslip*!  bell  I  lie : 
There  I  coadi  when  owle  do  ory 
On  the  bat'i  back.     I  dp  ^y 
After  rammer  minrrily." 

For  imprimis,  according  to  all  grammatical  coostroctioB,  ''  the  owls 
cry  on  the  bat's  back  -,**  bat  this  wonld  bv  too  inconveBiOBt  to  the  ^  hat " 
to  suppose  it  could  be  intended.  Then  ccmes  a  note  of  which  we  give  the 
part  necessary  in  order  to  shew  how  the  innocent  body  of  Shakespeare 
has  been  inhumanly  and  unnecessarily  mangled  by  his  commentators. 

*'  Theobald  changed  '  inmmer '    into  aaite  round  the  globe  ?'    Batfi^m  a  fiew 

*  saniet.'     Warbnrton  rapports  the  old  difficulty  ariaea.    Bats  do  not  migrate  |« 

reading  Tery  ingeniously :   *  The  rough-  ewaUows  do  in  search  of  summer.    Stee- 

nesa  of  winter  is  represeated  by  Shak-  vena,  with  kU  own  reai  igmoramet,  saja 

rre  as  disagreeable  to  fairies,  and  such-  that  Shakspeare  might  through  his  ignfl^ 

delicate  spirits,  who  on  this  account  ranee  of  natural  history  have  rapposed 

constantly  follow  summer.     Waa  not  this  the  bat  to  be  a  bird  of  pMsagn     He  In- 

tben  the  most  agreeaUe  dreumstanoe  of  dines,  howerer,  to  the  opinion  not  that 

Ariel's  new   recoYered  liberty,  that  he  Ariel  purauea  aumoser  urn.  a  bat'a  wh^ 

could  now  avoid  wm/er  and  follow  nffmner  but  that  t^ier  nmmtr  4$  fui  ha  i  " 


184i.]        Collier* i  md  Knight's  EdUions  of  ShakespmrB.  M7 

upon  tliG  wftrin  down  of  a  bat^s  back,  U  to  be  fi&bJ6ct«d  to  this  strict  analyftiif 
ExcelleDt  naturalist!  whytbebat  is  torpid  it  ii  difficult  to  rcdace  all  its  images  to 
after  sanamer.     If  tblsei^ceUent  song  then     the  meaiure  of  fitoeEs  and  proprietj,"  &c. 

The  author  of  the  Parsuits  of  Literature  ealci  that  the  commentatotM  of 
Shakespeare  had  been  called,  we  believe,  by  Dr.  Joseph  VVarton,  **  the 
guides  of  public  taste  ;'*  to  whicb  we  have  nothing  to  observe,  but  that 
sotnetimes  guide  posts  havo  been  erected,  pointing  the  directly  contrary 
way  to  what  was  intetidcd.  In  tlie  pre  sent  case  we  must  difl'er  from  them, 
as  we  see  no  difEculty  in  l!ie  song,  nor  the  slightest  impropriety  in  the 
images,  which  we  take  to  be  these ; — '^  1  suck  in  the  (lowers  where  the 
bee  sucks  j  my  liome  is  the  bell  of  the  cowslip  ;  and  there  I  repose  at  night 
when  the  owls  begin  their  cry  j  and,  after  summer  appears,  or  in  porauit 
of  the  summer,  1  fly  merrily  on  the  backs  of  the  bats,"  &c. 

The  CO vv slip  is  the  flower  of  spring,  and  first  Ariel  describes  his  habits 
at  that  season  j  but  when  summer  appears,  then  he  can  take  bis  evening 
gambols  or  pastimes  upon  the  buck  of  the  bat,  or,  it  may  be,  if  an  inter- 
pretation still  closer  to  the  words  is  demanded,  that  he  **  flies  on  the  back 
of  the  bat  to  hnd  siiiDmer,'*  the  bat  ofleji  appearing  be/ore  summer  comes 
in  warm  mid  genial  evenings  of  the  spring,  as  we  saw  them  frequently  this 
year  in  the  end  of  April  in  onr  own  garden,  and  they  may  be  seen  in 
mild  weather  flying  even  in  winter.*  To  our  apprehension ,  there  is 
something  extremely  poetical  and  pretty  in  the  evening  flight,  and  aerial 
gyrations  of  the  bat,  being  aopposed  to  be  in  search  of  summer.  There  is 
no  allusion  to  migration  whatever,  and  no  need  of  it ;  and,  further,  the  com- 
mentators, including  Mr.  Knight,  seem  to  have  adapted  their  ideas  to  the 
climate  of  England  1  whereas  the  scene  of  the  play  is  laid  in  the 
Bermudiis,  the  summer  islands,  or  in  the  southern  shores  of  the  Medi- 
terranean J  and  in  the  southern  latitudes  there  are  many  species  of 
swallows  who  do  not  migrate  at  all,  but  remain  all  the  year  in  the  game 
localili/ ;  so  that  we  agree  with  Mr.  Dycc  in  believing  *'  that  Shakespeare 
intended  to  describe  Artel  as  flying  on  the  bat's  back  in  pursuit  of  approach* 
ing  summer t*  but  not  in  the  way  of  migration  ;  as  evidetitly  the  two 
seasons  of  spring  and  summer  are,  in  the  song,  marked  out  deiiuitely 
by  the  images  of  the  *'  cowslip  *  and  the  **  bat/'  one  being  the  *'  flower  of 
spring,"  the  other  *'  the  bird  of  summer/*  We  l)eg  leave  to  add,  as  we 
may  hereafter  have  occasion  to  point  out.  that,  in  points  of  natural  history, 
the  older  commentators  on  Shakespeare  have  been  exceedingly  incorrect. 


MEASURE  FOR  MEASURE. 

In  »c.  2,  p.  37,  of  Mr,  Collier*s  edition, 

'*  Not  with  fond  ihtheU  of  the  tested  gold/' 

he  conjectures  that  Shakespeare  wrote  '*  cycles,"  when  Mr.  Dyce  says, 
*'  he  has  some  difficulty  in  believing  that  this  was  seriously  proposed." 
Well  may  he  say  so  !  The  word  **  shekel  "  has  two  distinct  meanings  : 
J ,  that  of  a  stiver  coin  ;  2.  that  of  a  weight  or  money  of  account.  When 
occurring  in  the  Old  Testament  with  the  epithet  go^  or  s'dvcr,  it  is 
explained  ''  weight/'  not  '*  coin."  No  gotd  shekels  as  coins  are  known  to 
exist.  In  this  Ene  of  Shakespeare  it  is  used  for  weight,  measttrej  or 
qoantity. 


^e8  (klKer's  and  Kidfht'$  BiUum$  of  SkMip9mre.         [Jvn^. 

TWO  GENTLEMEN  OP  VERONA. 

P.  110.  Pmo. — "  Over  the  boots,  nmy  give  me  not  the  boots,*' 

The  French  bare  a  similar  proverbial  expression.  ''Jacques  Boileanse 
trouvant  nn  jouravec  plvsienrs  des  ces  Pdres  (les  Jesnites)  il  les  entendait 
tonmer  en  ridicule  les  solitaires  de  Portroyal^  qui  s'occnpaient,  disoient  des 
Jesnites,  k  faire  des  manyais  souliers  par  penitence.  'Je  ne  sais  pas/ 
repondit  I'Abb^  Boileau, '  s*ils  faisoient  de  mauvais  soulierSi  roais  je  s^s 
qa*ils  Tons  portoient  de  bonnes  bottes.*  Nous  ne  donnons  pas  ce  calenboaig 
oorome  nn  bon  mot,  mais  comme  nn  trait  qui  caracterise  le  genie  de 
T^aisanterrie  dont  VAbh6  Boileau  se  promettait  souvent  Tnsage/*  &c.  See 
b'Alembert,  Hist,  des  Academies^  vol.  iii.  p.  18. 


MIDSUMMER  NIGHTS  DREAM. 

P.  396.  Ptr.—  ««  Odoars,  tayours  sweet, 

So  doth  thy  breath,  my  dearest  Thisbe  dear. 
Bat  hark  a  voice !  stay  thou  bat  here  a-while, 
And  by-and-by  I  will  to  thee  appear.** 

To  make  these  lines  rhyme  Theobald  proposes  in  the  third  line, 

**  SUy  thoa  bat  here  a  whit.** 

which  after  all  is  not  a  rhyroe^  and  a  very  bad  conjecture.     Our  opinion 
is  that  the  three  latter  lines  are  meant  to  form  a  rhyming  triplet,  which  is 
effected  without  any  alteration,  but  only  by  a  slight  transposition. 
**  Bat  hark  a  voice !  stay  thoa  a-while  but  here,** 

P.  443.--"  So  doth  the  woodbine,  the  sweet  honeysackle.*' 
The  note  in  the  Variorum  edition  of  two  pages  should  all  be  erased,  and 
nstead  of  it  should  be  written — 

<<  The  woodbine  is— the  honeysackle.*' 

P.  468. — "  That  is  hot  ice,  but  wondrous  strange  snow." 

The  critics  seem  agreed  that  strange  is  wrong,  and  if  so,  and  its  place 
is  to  be  supplied  by  conjecture,  the  word  **  black  *'  is  the  best.  Our 
opinion  is,  that  some  one  had  written  "  strange  *'  in  the  margin  opposite 
the  line  of  '*  hot  ice,"  and  **  black  snow,**  which  note  got  into  the  text. 

P.  488.  The  reading  of  the  old  copy  "  lily  lips  "  was  made  by  a  mistake 
of  the  compositor,  whose  eye  was  caught  by  cowslip  in  the  third  line. 


MERRY  WIVES  OF  WINDSOR. 


Vol.  V.  p.  J^*-^**  It  is  a  merry  knight,  will  you  go  an-heirt,**  old  reading. 
Steevens conjectures  "on  hearts,**  Warburton'^heris.*'  Malone,  *'  willyon  go 
and  hear  us  > '  the  two  last  are  most  wretched  readings  3  and  Steevens  is  too 
far  from  the  text,  if  any  nearercould  be  found.  We  would  read,  **  Will  yoa 
go  on  hereV  which  word  is  a  familiar  one  with  the  host,  who  soon  after 
says,  "here  boys,  here,  here,  shall  ire  aiwai^  P"  which  in  fact  is  the  very 
same  speech,  with  the  words  a  little  altered. 


]  844.]  €olHer*s  and  Knigkl's  Edidons  of  Shakespeare, 

P.  S73, — *'  Look  yoQi  Sir,  Booli  s  one  as  I  was  thii  presont/* 
Mr.  Mas  on  wo  old  read, 

**  Look  yoUf  Sir,  siieh  as  once  /  tiraf  ikh  preseoU;*' 
but  siirel)',  with  tlie  addition  onJy  of  the  letter  s^  the  sense  is  perfect^— 
**  Look  yoa  Sir*  «uch  ft  oac  oi  I  wai  this  presents,'^ 

P.  384*— The  old  copy, 

"  And  tliankes,  and  e^vr  oft  good  ftunis*'^ 

To  supply  the  foot  deJiclent^  several  coujectiirea  have  been   made,  but 
none  with  so  slight  altemtioii  a^  would  be 

**  And  Ibftakea  and  ever  thanking,  oft  good  titni0.** 


TWELFTH  NIGHT.  OR  WHAT  YOU  WILL, 

P.  357.^'^  Bat  ia  sCniDg«  niamier  be  is  sure  posseised." 

Tlie  old  copy» 

But  in  very  strange  manner  he  is  aure  possesaed,  madam*** 

Tliese  superfluous  words  are  probably  the  Interpol  a  tioti  of  the  actor. 
I  r*  the  lines  that  follow,  although  "some"  h  pro]>erIy  thrown  outfit  is 
not  necessary  to  reject  "  to,"  and  therefore  we  would  read, 

**  Wtet  beet  C  have  guard  about  you,  if  lie  come**' 

P.  3t*3.— '*  I  am  not  tall  enough  to  become  the  fnoclion  well**' 

It  was  a  great  waste  of  labour  for  Tyrwbitt  to  propose  *'  pale/'  and 
Farmer  "  fat/  for  a  word  suiting  the  teitt  better  than  their  substitutions, 

P.  393.—"  Yet  tbere  he  waa,  aod  there  I  found  thia  rrtdii 
That  he  did  rage  the  town,''  &c. 

A  whole  page  and  half  of  notes  may  here  be  disi>ensed  with  ;  and  in- 
stead might  be  written,  "•  This  credit,  i*  e,  this  thing  or  tale  credittd** 

P.  406. — "  After  a  paaatng  measure  or  a  pavin." 

Tlie  old  copy  reads,  **  And  a  passing  measure's  pavyn."  W^e  think 
this  leads  to  a  truer  reading,  **  After  a  passing  measure  and  fi  pavin  ;" 
for  the  8  at  the  end  of  '*  raeaaures  "  we  consider  was  meant  to  f>e 
an  abridgement  of  and.  Thus,  the  substitution  of  *' or"  is  avoided; 
and  Buch  niceties  are  of  the  utmost  importance  in  criticism ;  for  no 
letter  should  be  introduced,  if  another  nearer  to  the  text  could  equally 
urll  supply  its  place.  In  his  correction t*  of  the  text  of  the  Greek  tra- 
gedian St  Professor  Porson  always  kept  this  rule  in  mind,  and  in  adopt- 
ing the  emeuclatious  of  others,  often  went  over  them  as  it  were  with 
his  own  pen^  admitting  no  needless  alteration  of  a  single  letter.  Employed 
with  such  care,  and  respect  to  the  text  of  autliors,  criticism  becomes  a  pleas- 
ing as  well  as  hononrable  task  j  but  when  its  arrows  are  shot  at  random,  they 
can  aOTord  no  credit  to  the  commentator,  nor  pleasure  to  the  render  ;  and 
**  telum  imbelle  sine  ictu**  is  a  line  we  must  too  often  apply  to  the  con* 
jectures  on  Shakespeare. 

P.  32L— '♦  The  Lady  of  the  Strachy  married  the  yeoman  of  the  Wardrob**'* 
There  being  no  such  word  as  **  Strachv/'  Warbnrton  reads,  '*  Trachye/* 
GtwT.  Mao.  Vol.  XXI.  '  4  D 


670  CoUkrVaBd  Knight's  Bdiiumt  of  8kaieipe§r€.        IJvan^ 

Smitb,  "Stracdo,"  clouts  and  tatters.  Steevens,  "Starchy,"  Malone, 
Wardrobe,  and  so  on, "  qu'isquUias,  ineptiasque.**  Johnson,  more  prudent 
and  sagacious,  thinks  it  an  allusion  to  an  unknown  story  ;  and  we  would 
read  "  the  Lady  Strachy  ;"  *<  Strachy  **  being  a  comnum  name,  and  such 
allusions  to  real  names  occur  constantly  in  the  Italian  novels  and  histories  ; 
though  the  person  of  course  is  imaginary. 

We  must  now,  injustice  to  Mr.  Dyce,  give  a  specimen  or  two  of  his  com- 
mentary ;  though  unfortunately  some  of  his  happiest  and  best  observations 
are  too  long  for  our  '  margin.' 

Mbeet  Wivbs  of  WiNDSoa. — Scene  3. — Collier,  p.  318.    Knight,  p.  63. 

'*  Go  about  the  fields  with  me  through  On  this  passage,  in  the  Variorum  Shakes- 

Frogmore.     I  will  bring  thee  where  Mis-  peare.  we  have  more  than  two  pages  of 

tress  Ann  Page  is  at  a  farm-house  a  feast-  annotation,  from  which  nothing  is  to  be 

ing,   and   thou    shall    (sbalt)    woo  her.  learned  except  that  the  modem  editors 

Cried  game^  said  I  well  ?"  are  unable  to  ascertain  the  right  lection, 

No  note  in  Mr.  Collier's  edition  I  though  Warburton  came  very  near  it. 

Mr.  Knight  prints,  '*  Cried  game  f  said         Read,  OHed  I  aim  (i.e.  did  I  give  you 

I  well  ?**  and  concludes  a  note  by  obserr-  encouragement  ?  said  I  well  ?)     So  in  Act 

ing,  that  surelyAnn  Page  "at  a  farm-house  iii.  sc.  2  (p.  S24.)  Ford  says — ''To  these 

a  lasting**  is  the  ^ome  which  the  host  has  yiolent    proceedings    all    my  neighbours 

cried.  The  meaning  would  be  perfectly  shall  erg  aim**  (i.e.  gire  encouragement.) 
obvious  were  we  to  read,  Cried  I  game  f 

This  is  sensible  and  satisfactory,  and  is  what  a  note  should  be. 

Much  Ado  about  Nothing.— Collier,  p.  871.    Knight,  p.  453. 

*'  Hang  thou  there  upon  the  tomb,  heayenly,*'  which  Mr.  Collier  thinks  *'  may 

Praising  her  when  I  am  dwmh,^^  be  right;**  and  which  Mr.  Knight  adopts, 

This  is  the  reading  of  the  folio,  which  is  *«lWng  us  that  the  meaning  is,  "  Death 

probably  right.    The  4to.  has  d^ad  for  ^  expelled  heaycnly— by  the  power  of 

for  dumb.— Cto//t«r.  heaven.' ' 

Probably  right !  why,  even  if  all  the  old  A  speech  of  Hamlet,  Act  ii.  sc.  2,  stands 

editions  had  *'  dead,"  the  rhyme  would  be  thus  in  the  folio  :— 

sufficient  to  prove  that  Shakespeare  must  u  j  ^ave  of  late,  but  wherefore  T  know 

have  wntten  dwrnh.  ^^^^  i^,,^  ^  ^^  ^-^^  forgone  all  custome 

'*  Midnight,  assist  our  moan,  of  exercise ;  and  indeed  it  goes  so  heautnlif 

Help  us  to  sigh  and  groan,  with  my  disposition,  that  this  goodly  frame 

Heavily,  heavily ;  the  Earth  seems  to  me  a  sterill  Promon- 

Graves  yawn,  and  yield  your  dead,  tory,"  &c. 

Till  death  be  uttered,  ^^^^  ^  ^^  ^^^^^  passage,  " Aeawn/y" 

tteavuy,  heavily.  j,  ^^  certainly  a  misprint  for  •*  Aeeri/y"  as 

The  folio  gives  the  last  line  '*  heavenly,  in  the  latter. 

We  can  only  express  our  astonishment  that  the  opinion  of  the  two 
editors  on  the  obvious  error  of  the  press  should  have  rendered  these  notes 
necessar)r ;  and  should  we  not  find  as  we  proceed,  that  these  respective 
editions  improve  upon  this  early  part  of  them,  we  may  reluctantly  be 
obliged  to  borrow  the  words,  and  perhaps  follow  the  example  of  a  great 
critic  :  "  Nunc  yero,  quoniam  quae  putavi  esse  praeclara,  expertus  sum 
quam  essent  inania,  cum  istis  musis  rationem  habere  cogito.*' 

We  now  give  another  entire  note  of  Mr.  Dyce,  without  any  interruption 
of  our  own. 

MBASUBB  FOR  MBAiuRK.— Act  U.  ic.  1,  CoUieT,  p.  S4»  Knight,  p.  398, 

Some  rise  by  sin,  and  some  by  virtue  fall ; 
Some  ran  from  breaks  of  tee,  and  answer  none, 
And  soflM  condrmnad  from  £aaU  alone. 


1844.]  ColHer^s  and  Knigkes  Editions  of  Shakespeare.  571 

''Thus  the  text  stands  in  the  old  copies,  tore  that,  in  the  crowding  together  of 

which  seems  right,  the  meaning  being,  images,  which  we  find  in  this  play  a  doable 

that  some  escape  without  responsibilitj,  image  may  not  have  been  intended. 

CTen  though  the  danpr  seem  asimminent  u  Some  run  from  brakes  i#ice,  and  la- 
as  when  the  ice  breaks  under  them.    But  ^^^^  ^^j^g 

Malone  and  others  would  change  the  ex*  ' 

pression  into   '  brakes   of  vice,*  and   it  a  conjecture  which  no  one  will  approTt. 

would  be  an  easy  corruption,  if  there  were  For  my  own  part,  I  feel  conyinced  that 

any  necessity  for  a  change.  It  is  eertain,  as  Shakespeare  wrote  **  brakes/*  t.e.  instrn- 

Steevens  shows  at  large,  that  an  old  in-  ments  of  torture.  The  word  iu  that  sense  is 

strument  of  torture  was  called  a  '  brake,'  by  no  means  uncommon ;  for  instance,  Pals- 

but  not  by  any  means  certain  that  Shake-  grare  has,  *  I  brake  on  a  brake  or  payne 

speare  intended  a  reference  to  it." — Col-  Sauke,  as  men  do  mysdoers  to  eonfesse  the 

LiER.  trouthe,  Je  gehj^nne,**  L*  esclaircissement  de 

*'  Here  Mr.  Collier  has  silently  made  la  Lang.  Fran.  1530,  fol.  dxxi.  (Table  of 

an  alteration  (** breaks")  which  was  ori-  Verbes.)" 

ginally  proposed  by  Steevena,  but  which         ''  I  am  equally  confident  that '  ice '  is  a 

that  commentator  afterwards  repudiated,  typographic^  error  for  '  Tice.*     Our  early 

The  old  copies  have  **  brakes  of  ice."  printers  had  a  remarkable  proneness  to 

"  Mr.  Knight  retains  the  original  read-  blunder  in  words  commencing  with  the 

ing,  but  obsenres,  '  We  are  by  no  means  letter  v  ;** 

and  Mr.  Dyce  then  gires  instances  of  '<  sin  *'  for  **  vein/'  "  times  *'  for 
"  vines,"  **  dae  "  for  "  vice,"  «'  rise  "  for  "  use,"  "  vaines  "  for  "  bones/' 
"  distained  "  for  *'  unstained.'* 

THE  COMEDY  OF  ERRORS.— P.  «9. 

Act  V.  sc  1.— ColUer,  p.  173.     Knight,  p.  197. 

*'  I  ncTcr  came  within  these  abbey  walls. 
Nor  CTcr  did'st  thou  draw  thy  sword  on  me ; 
I  nerer  saw  the  chain,  so  help  me  Heayen  1 
And  this  is  false  yon  burden  me  withal." 

So  the  passage  stands  in  all  the  modem  editions — not  only  with  wrong 
punctuation,  but  with  an  obvious  misprint.  The  last  line  of  the  speech, 
as  Mr.  Collier  himself  observes,  is  a  repetition  of  an  expression  previously 
used  by  Adriana, 


'  So  befid  my  soul 


At  this  is  false  he  burdens  me  withal.*' 

The  passage  ought  to  stand  thus  : 

"  I  never  came  within  these  abbey-walls, 
Nor  ever  did'st  thou  draw  thy  sword  on  me ; 
I  ncTcr  saw  the  chain.    So  help  me  HeaTen, 
At  this  is  fidae  you  burden  me  withaL" 

(7b  be  eoHtinued.) 


Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  Mrs.  Grant  of  Laggan.    Edited  by  her 

Son.  3  vols. 
(Qmeluded/rom  p.  473.) 

Mrs.  Grant  went  to  an  exhibition  of  fruits  and  flowers  in  the  Hopeton 
rooms : — 

**  I  had  no  bonnet,  but  a  very  respectable  cap.  and,  as  I  walked  in 
from  my  sedan  chair,  I  was  surprised  to  see  another  lady  with  exactly  such 
crutches>  and  precisely  such  a  shawl  as  my  own.  I  looked  with  much 
interest  at  my  fellow-cripple,  which  bterest  she  teemed  to  reciprocate. 


5/2  Memoir  and  Correspondence  of  [ine. 

She  took  her  place  in  another  room,  equally  large  and  splendid  and  as 
gaily  decorated  as  the  one  where  I  was  placed,  bat  so  open  that  I  had 
a  fall  view  of  it,  and  of  her  sitting  a  little  beside  me,  with  the  Tery  feUow 
shawl  to  mine.  Amidst  all  the  flosh  of  bloom  before  me,  I  often  withdrew 
mv  attention  to  regard  this  withered  flower  with  still-increasing  interest. 
We  were  so  as  that  every  time  I  tamed  to  look  her  eyes  met  mine,  and  at 
length,  I  thought,  with  a  known  and  familiar  expresision,  till  at  last  I  re- 
marked it  to  those  around  me,  and  that  I  thought  she  would  like  to  be 
introduced  to  me  when  the  show  was  over.  I  thought,  too,  I  had  seen 
her  somewhere  \  her  figure  was  as  ample  as  my  own,  but  I  comforted 
myself  that  I  had  a  better  face,  hers  being  almost  ugly.  I  rose  at  length, 
and  so  did  she,  and  I  saw  her  no  more.  Think  of  my  mortification  at 
baring  the  laugh  of  the  whole  house  against  me  on  coming  home  \  there 
was  no  such  room,  and  no  such  lady.  TVhen  I  had  been  talking  of  this  {4ker 
lady,  they  imagined  it  to  be  all  playfulness,  and  never  thought  of  the  decep* 
ticn,**  &c. 

We  remember  a  story  so  similar  to  this  in  its  circumstances  as  to  be 
remarkable,  and  occurring  in  an  out  of  the  way  book,  now  but  little  read, 
we  may  venture  to  extract  it : — **  Madame  da  Montausier  crutensuite  av€tr 
vu  son  fant6me :  un  jour  que  sa  devotion  I'avoit  arret6e  &  la  chapelle  apr^ 
la  messe  du  roi,  et  qu'elle  s*en  revenoit  seule  par  la  grande  galerie,  qui, 
comme  vous  savez,  conduit  aux  appartemens  ;  elle  crut  voir,  a  son  cot^,  nn 
dame  faite  et  mise  tout  comme  elle.  Cette  vision  Tetonna ;  et  comme  la 
galerie  est  longuc,  apres  avoir  march^  quelque  tems  avec  sa  semblable, 
qui  lui  rendoit  regards  pour  regards,  et  saluts  pour  saluts,  elle  lui  demanda 
son  nom.  L*autre  lui  repondit,  qu  elle  etait  la  Duchesse  de  Montausier. 
Cette  reponse,  que  la  veritable  Duchesse  crut  entendre,  Tepouvante  ^  elle 
courut  dans  son  appartement,  ou  Ton  s*appercut  bient6t  du  desordre  de  son 
esprit.  Chacun  raisonna  sur  cette  avanture  :  les  uns  le  rejettoient  comme 
fansse,  d*autres  y  ajoutoient  foi,  et  disoient  que  Madame  de  Montausier 
etant  de  la  maison  de  Lusignan,  pouvoit  fort  bien  avoir  vu  son  fant6me, 
poisquc  cela  arrivoit  ordinairement  aux  personnes  de  cette  famille,  lorsqulls 
etoient  prets  de  mourir.  La  mort  de  Madame  de  Montausier,  qui  arriva 
bient^t  apr^s,  sembloit  fortiHer  cette  opinion  ;  pour  moi,  qui  ne  donne 
pas  fort  dans  le  merveilleuse,  je  n*imagine  que  Madame  de  Montausier  vU 
sa  figure  dans  les  glaces  dc  la  grande  galerie,  et  que  sou  esprit,  deja  un  peu 
trouble,  lui  persuada  toute  autre  chose,"  &c.* 

P.  91.  "  I  had  a  call  the  other  day  from  old  Henry  Mackenzie,  who  has 
indeed  been  always  my  frequent  visitor  :  you  will  be  surprised  to  hear  of 
the  old  man  attending  the  Royal  Society  at  eighty,  and  reading  memoirs, 
written  with  much  spirit  and  accuracy.  The  subject  of  a  paper  which  he 
read  there  a  fortnight  since  was  the  operation  of  the  mind  in  dreams, — a  proof, 
in  addition  to  a  thousand  others,  of  the  independence  of  spirit  upon  matter, 
— the  mind  performing  such  complex  operations  while  all  the  bodily  organs 

*  See  Lettres  Historiqaes  et  Galantes  de  Madame  Donoyer,  toI.  i.  p.  337,  1760. 
A  similar  circomstince  has  been  related  to  me,  aa  well  authenticated,  haWng  taken 
place  in  the  villa^  of  Benhall,  in  Soifolk,  in  the  person  of  a  farmer  return- 
ing late  in  an  autumn  eveniDg  from  bis  fields,  when  a  person  joined  bim  ia  a 
lonely  part  of  bia  path  homeward,  whose  figure,  dresi,  look,  in  abort  eTerytbing,  was 
a  counterpart  of  bis  own.  He  walked  with  bim  aide  by  aide  till  be  came  to  the  wicket 
gate  of  the  garden ;  the  farmer  then  asked  bis  stranger ^elf  to  enter  bis  bouse,  but 
on  turning  be  was  gone.  The  person's  name  to  whom  this  happened  has  been  told  to 
me,  but  the  drcumstanoe  was  reluctantly  mentioned  or  heard  by  the  family,  who  have 
long  left  the  parish,— Ray, 


1844.] 


Mrs,  Grant  of  Laggnn, 


573 


are  inert.  He  mentioned i  as  an  instance,  tbat  last  summer,  in  his  sleep, 
be  had  translated  a  French  epigram  into  correcl  English  ;  this*  on  awaking, 
he  wrote  dowj*,  and  sent  to  Professor  Duguld  Stewart  as  a  curiosity*  He 
added,  in  his  paper,  several  instances  in  whicli  Coleridge's  muse  had  literally 
visited  his  dreams,*  Kn  con  raged  by  finding  tlic  same  thing  had  happened 
to  others,  1  ventured  to  tell  Mr,  Mackenzie  what  I  had  scarcely  ever 
mentioned  to  any  one,  for  fear  of  having  my  veracity  called  in  question. 
The  circnmstancc  occnrrcd  in  the  last  century^^  on  board  the  good  ship 
Africa,  on  my  way  from  America.  1  dreamed  that  I  saw  lying  folded  on 
tlie  cabin  floor,  a  paper  like  a  street -ballad,  coarse  and  dirty  ;  I  unfolded 
it,  however,  and  read  in  '*  gnde  black  print/'  a  ballad  consisting  of  fourteen 
verses,  most,  if  not  all,  of  which  1  distinctly  remembered  when  I  waked  j 
they  resembled  nothing  I  had  ever  read  or  heard.  So  little  was  I  aware 
of  possessing  powers  which  had  lain  dormant  in  my  mind^  that  when  I 
waked  I  scrambled  abont  my  berth  in  search  of  the  non-existent  paper. 
The  subject  w^as  the  launcliing  of  a  man-of-war.  The  verses  (which  I 
could  not  write,  being  confined  to  bed)  slipped,  one  by  one,  from  my  me- 
mory :  all  I  now  recollect  is  a  chorus  at  the  end  of  each  verse,  A  few 
nights  ago  there  was  another  meeting  of  the  Royal  Society,  for  which  the 
veteran  sent  my  son  a  ticket.  M'hat  was  his  surprise  to  hear  Mr. 
^fackenzic  mention  to  the  Society,  as  an  additional  jjroof  of  his  statement 
on  the  former  eveniug.  that  a  friend  of  hiri,  Mrs.  G.  of  L.,  had  dreamed  a 
dream,  &c/' 

P.  08.  *'  I  must  next  answer  your  question  about  Tremaine,  which  I  do 
reluctantly,  for  1  am  very  sorry  tlnit  I  can  neither  at  all  admire,  nor  much 
approve  of.  a  work  written,  I  believe,  with  the  very  best  intentions,  and 
meant  to  advocate  the  best  principles,  both  political  and  rehgious.  It  ts  a 
feeble  prosing  book,  which  may  however  be  not  only  agreeable,  but  in 
some  measure  useful,  to  feeble  prosing  i>eoide  j  but  it  will  never  convert 
an  infidel,  because  none  of  those  conceited  gentry  will  wade  through  all 
the  painfully  tedious  theology'  and  wire-drau  n  arguments.  The  task  of 
giving  Buitable  manner^),  language,  and  sentiments  to  a  man  of  refinement 
requires  a  great  deal  more  of  tliat  sublimated  spirit  of  fine  scuse,  and  fine 
taste,  than  the  author  of  this  work  is  master  of,"  ^c. 

P,  138.  **  Miss  Douglas  greatly  ivished  to  sec  Mr.  Henry  MaekcDzie* 
We  found  the  family  at  a  fine  old  gentleman-like  place,  called  Old  HaiJea, 
three  miles  west  of  Edinburgh.  They  went  there  to  nnrse  their  daughter 
Hope,  a  lovely,  meek  creature,  much  resembling  my  Isatjella — little  known 
in  the  world,  but   very   dear  to  her  family,     Mrs.  Mackenzie,  with  the 


*  The  poem  which  Coleridge  composed  in  bis  sleep  was  Kubla  Khun  ;  or,  a  Vicioo 
in  A  Dream.  Me  »ay*  of  it,  thnC  *'  In  the  summer  of  1T97,  thca  in  til  health,  be  had 
retired  to  a  loudy  farm  hou^e,  between  Porlock  and  Lintoo,  on  the  Exmoor  confine  of 
Somersetshire  aod  Dcvoii»hTrc.  Id  cunsequciico  of  a  slight  mdUpositioo,  aa  Auodjne 
had  been  prescribed,  from  the  effect  of  which  he  fell  asleep  in  his  cltair  at  the  momeiit 
be  was  reading  the  following  sentence,  or  words  of  the  s.ime  substance,  in  Purchas'a 
Pilgrimoige.  *  Here  then  KubLa  Khan  coDimandcd  a  palace  to  be  built,  and  a  itatcif 
fallen  thereto ;  and  thus  tea  miles  of  fertile  ground  were  enclosed  in  a  walL*  The 
author  coDtinucd  for  about  three  hours  \n  a  profound  sleep,  at  least  of  thr  external 
aeoBCS,  during  which  time  he  has  the  most  vivid  confidence  that  he  could  not  have 
composed  less  than  from  two  to  three  hundred  lines  ;  if  that  indeed  can  be  called 
composition,  in  which  all  the  images  rose  up  before  him  as  thtngi^  with  «  parallel 
production  of  the  correspoodcut  expresjsions,  without  any  sensation,  or  coDseiouinoji 
of  effort.  On  awaking,  he  sppeiired  to  himself  to  hare  a  distinct  recollection  of  the 
whole,  and,  taking  his  pen,  ink,  and  paper,  he  instantly'  and  eagerlf  wrote  down  tt^ 
liBM  that  arc  b«re  prewrvcd/'  ate.  Sec  Cotfiridg^^ff,  Poems,  ed.  Aid,  h  p.  S66^— Rtr, 


574  T%e  MMsiard" Tree  of  Scr^ture.  [ivM^ 

sonndest  sense,  great  conversatioDal  talents,  and  mannere  that  would  grace 
a  court,  has  lived  much  retired,  devoiiug  her  whole  time  and  thoughta  to 
her  family,  yet  always  receiving  the  best  company.  Every  one  thought  it 
a  privilege  to  be  admitted  to  share  their  alight  evening  refreshments,  where 
crowds  never  came,  and  where  ease  and  good  breeding  took  away  the 
restraint  which  intellectual  soperiority  sometimes  creates,  *  &c. 

P.  156.  "I  had  a  charming  guest  before  I  left  town  to  come  here— -no 
other  than  the  very  charming  Mrs.  Hemans,  for  whom  I  have  long  felt 
something  very  like  affection.  She  had  two  fine  boys  with  her,  the 
objects,  visibly,  of  ver^-  great  tenderness,  who  seem  equally  attached  to  her. 
She  is  entirely  feminine,  and  her  language  has  a  charm  like  that  of  her 
verse—the  same  ease  and  peculiar  grace,  with  more  vivacity.  If  afflietioD 
had  not  laid  a  heavy  hand  upon  her  she  would  be  playful ;  she  has  not  tlie 
slightest  tinge  of  affectation,  and  is  so  refined,  so  gentle^  that  you  mutt 
both  love  and  respect  her.  She,  and  Southey,  and  your  own  dear  self  are 
the  only  persons,  whom  I  previously  drew  pictures  of,  who  have  not  dis- 
appointed me,"  &c. 

P.  175.  "  The  two  books  which  have  most  contributed  to  interest  me  of 
late  are  Bishop  Heber*8  Indian  Journal,*  and  the  Life  of  Sir  Thomas 
Munro.  The  latter  I  knew  personally :  his  sister,  Mrs.  Erskine,  brought 
him  to  see  me.  He  was  by  no  means  a  drawing-room  gentleman^  bnt 
then  he  was  something  better.  I  knew  Sir  Thomas  much  better  in  his 
letters :  very  charming  they  were,  and  now  form  the  gems  of  this  pub- 
lication. I  had  read,  along  with  his  sister,  a  series  of  them  for  thirty 
years.  I  do  not  think  she  showed  them  to  above  two  or  three  persons 
besides  out  of  her  own  family.  I  was  pleased  with  the  manly  simplicity 
and  purity  of  the  style,  and  its  occasional  playfulness,  and  gratified  by  the 
views  which  the  letters  opened  of  the  interior  of  India,  such  only  as  a 

r'fted  mind,  communicating  with  another  of  the  highest  class,  oonld  afford. 
would  have  a  myrtle  and  a  palm  planted  by  the  grave  of  the  Bishop,  and 
overshadow  that  of  the  Governor  with  an  oak  and  a  laurel.  I  n^oioe  in 
seeing  all  his  relatives  brightening  in  his  fame,**  &c. 


Mr.  Urban,  an  abridged  account  of  the  professor's 
IN  the  month  of  March  (30th)  a  statement,  and  then  make  a  hw  ob- 
communication  was  sent  to  the  Gar-  serrations  on  it.  His  inducement  for 
dener's  Chronicle  on  the  subject  of  bringing  the  subject  before  the  Society 
"The  Mustard-Tree "  of  Scripture,  was  in  conse<}uence  of  "his  having 
giving  an  account  of  a  paper  read  by  traced  an  Indian  tree,  chiefly  by  its 
Professor  Royle  at  a  meeting  of  the  Asiatic  synonyme,  to  be  the  mustard- 
Royal  Asiatic  Society.  I  shall  first  give  tree  of  Scripture."    This  tree  in  Syria 


*  Among  a  few  unpublished  manuscripts  and  pi  irate  letters  of  the  late  Bishop  Heber. 
in  the  possession  of  the  present  writer,  written  to  a  near  relation  of  his,  he  has  oast 
his  eye  on  one  relating  to  the  death  of  Mr.  Stow,  who  we  believe  was  his  Chaplain. 
**  Should  Miss  Stow  not  hare  received  his  (the  Bishop's)  letter  on  the  hopeless  state  of 
her  brother,''  the  Bishop  says — ''  I  haye  determined  to  go  round  by  the  Metalvnga 
again  in  order  to  meet  her,  great  as  will  be  the  delay  that  this  will  occasion  in  mj 
northern  journey  ;  the  desirableness  of  shortening  as  mnch  as  possible  the  agony  of 
her  suspense,  and  preventing  the  feelings  with  which  she  must  learn  the  news  of  her 
brother's  death  on  her  arrival,  is  paramount  to  all  consideration  of  convenience  or  ex- 
pedition. It  is,  I  own,  a  selfish  regret,  but  one  which  I  cannot  help  feeling,  that  you 
are  so  booh  to  leave  India ;  such  is,  alas  1  the  state  of  society  here,  in  which  we  pass 
each  other  like  bubbles  in  the  mighty  streams  that  surround  us,  and  in  which  acquaint- 
ances,  whidb  are  to  us  the  most  interesting  and  delightful,  are  separated  as  soon  as 

'de  by  the  waters  olthe  ooetBi  or  a  yet  more  awfU  barrier,"  &c— Ray. 


1844.] 


The  Mustard-Tret  of  Scripture. 


h7$ 


IB  called  Khordal,  which  also  is  ibc 
Ar&bic  name  for  mufltard,  and  tbe 
seeds  are  used  in  Syria  for  the  same 
purpose  as  maat&rd  in  Europe ;  but 
what  tree  this  Khardal  was  the  pro- 
fessor did  not  know.  In  referring^ 
however,  to  his  Htmalayati  botany, 
he  found  the  word  Kharjal,  one  of  the 
names  of  a  tree  id  North- West  India^ 
which  waa  well  suited  to  the  mus- 
tard-tree of  Scripture.  This  Kharjal 
is  the  "  Salvadora  Persica/'  first  ob- 
tained  from  the  Persian  Gulf;  it  is 
common  in  India,  is  found  in  Arabiai. 
and  subsequently  discovered  on  Mount 
Sinai.  It  also  grows  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Jerusalem^  on  the  banks 
of  the  Jordaoj  and  round  the  Sea  of 
Tiberias.  The  Kharjal  of  India,  then, 
according  to  this  account,  is  the  Khar- 
dal of  Palestine,  or  the  Salvadora 
Perstca.  the  muatard^ree  of  Scrip- 
ture. It  h  a  large  tree,*  has  seeds 
smaller  than  a  grain  of  black  pepper, 
an  aromatic  smelL  and  a  taste  like 
mustard  or  garden  cresses*  Such  is 
the  avbatance  of  the  information  given 
by  Prof,  Royle.  The  editor  of  the 
Gardener^a  Chronicle  observes  that  he 
entirely  agrees  in  this  view  of  the  sub- 
ject, notwithstanding  the  objtctione 
urged  against  it  by  Lambert  and  Donn. 
it  also  appears  that  Rose nmii Her,  the 
weU-known  commentator  on  the  Scrip- 
tures, does  not  agree  in  this  belief, 
and  that  Mr  Frost  had  conjectured 
the  "  Phytolscea  dodecaudra  "  to  be 
the  tree  alluded  to.  We  shall  now 
state  our  reasons  for  not  afraeing  io 
the  conclusions  of  tlie  learned  pro- 
fessor, first  observing  the  necessity 
that  this  tree  should  agree  with  the 
description  of  that  in  Scripture,  not 
in  one  point  alone — that  is,  in  its  s^eds 
being  in  pungency  of  taste  like  our 
Bustard,  but  in  all  o/Arrs  that  may 
aerve  to  disttoguish  it.  Now  the  pa- 
rable of  the  mustard-tree  is  given  by 
three  of  the  Evangelists,  in  the  follow* 
ing  words : 

St«  Matthew,  xiii.  31.  '«  tl  is  the  least 
of  all  scedi,  but  when  it  is  grown  Is  the 
greatest  among  herbs,  And  t>eeoa)atb  a 
trea,  so  that  the  birds  of  the  air  come  stid 
lodge  in  tha  brmcbea  thereof/' 

SU  Mark, tv.  33,  "Is  leas  than  aU  the 

*  *'  A  lafg«  tpoe  wf  Ih  auoieroos  branches. 
The  kmrnaef  wlMn  on  hiotieback  often 
sat  oadar  tilt  tree/'  t.  Card,  Chroniote* 


seeds  thst  be  in  the  earth,  hat  when  it  Ii 
sown  it  groweth  op  and  become  th  greater 
than  sU  herbs,  and  6boot«;th  out  great 
b ranch est  so  th&t  the  fowls  of  the  air  msj 
lodt^e  under  the  shadow  of  it/' 

St.  Luke,  xiii.  \%  *'  It  i«  like  a  grain 
of  mustard-seed,  which  a  man  look  sad 
cast  into  his  garden,  and  it  grew  and 
yfojeed  a  grtat  trtt^  and  the  fowls  of  the 
ur  lodged  In  the  braaches  of  it/' 

From  tlic  statement  of  these  writera 
it  appears  that  this  mustard -seed  when 
sown  becomes  the  greatest  of  all  Htrbi^ 
or  a  very  great  garden  herb,  and  growa 
to  be  a  tree.  But  it  is  first  of  all  to 
be  observed  that  the  expression  in  St. 
Luke  "  a  greai  tree  "  is  an  interpola* 
tion  of  the  translator,  and  unwarranted 
by  the  original  text,  which  is  simply 
KQi  iyhfrro  «f  b€vbpotf,  "  and  became  a 
tree/'  or  **  grew  up  to  be  a  tree  j** 
therefore  there  is  no  authority  at  all 
for  the  tree  being  a  great  ont.  The 
next  observation  I  have  to  make  ii« 
that  the  expression  used  in  the  trans* 
lation  of  two  of  the  passages  out  of 
three,  "the  fowU  of  the  air,'*  may 
seem  to  favour  the  notion  of  the  tree 
being  large  on  which  they  hdged;  for 
we  do  not  now  use  the  expression 
"  fowl/*  cicept  to  signify  birds  of  a 
certain  size ;  and  probably  manj  per- 
sons have  represented  in  their  imagi- 
nation, when  thinking  of  this  passage, 
the  picture  of  a  large  tree,  on  which 
the  eagle,  or  vulture,  or  stork,  or 
some  wild  prcdaceous  birds,  were 
roosting.  The  expression  in  the  Greek 
is  Td  wrrfikA  rov  Svpavov,  the  birds  of 
the  air,  which  in  our  old  language 
were  called  '*  fowl,**  without  re- 
striction to  size,  as  the  word  "  fowler" 
shows  ;  and  Chaucer  and  the  old  poets 
apply  the  word  fowt  to  the  small 
birds, 

**  The  $maUfovtii  gan  make  melodie» 
Who  slepen  all  night  with  open  eft,**  6to* 

The  point  which  we  have  now  at* 
tainedi  is  simply  that  it  is  not  neces- 
6a.ry  that  the  tree  described  as  the 
scriptural  mustard  tree  should  be  ft 
large  one,  as  it  is  not  so  signified  by 
the  sacred  writers  ;  but  this  mustard 
tree  is  described,  as  not  only  ft  tree, 
but  a  herb,  and  the  greatest  among 
herbs  ;  and  this  will  lead  us  to  look  at 
the  expression  of  the  text  in  the  ori* 
gtoal  language,  in  order  to  learn  with 
accuracy  what  ia  meant  by  the  word 


576 


The  Muatard'^Tfee  of  Scripture* 


[Jaoe^ 


St.  Matthew,  and  this  exact  expressioa 
19  copied  by  St.  Mark.  Now  Xdxayov 
is  "olus''  in  Latin^  in  EogUsh 
*'  garden -herb,"  Theophrastus  classes 
all  plants  in  the  following  order.  1, 
BMpovt  a  tree.  2^  ^a^ivos,  a  shrub,  3, 
^pvyavovf  a  small  shrub  or  bush,  i^ 
v6a,  a  lierb»  under  which  he  ranks 
6  criTovj,  fru  men  tuna,  and  ra  \a<(apa, 
olera;  but  what  does  he  mean  by 
"olera?"  why,  he  says,  ftoKovfiev  to. 
\d)(ava  ra  wpits  tt^v  rffurtpay  ;(pftai'. 
(Lib.  vii,  c.  7*)  "  Olcra  vocitaoiuSp 
quffi  nobis  usui  cibario  sunt."  *'  We 
call  those  plants  kerbs  that  are  useful 
for  food,  as  beet,  cichory,  fennel^ 
malloWj  KOI  ok0s  6(ra  Kt^^upiw^jj, 
qutccunque  intubacea  sunt/'  In  order 
then  to  answer  to  the  description  of 
•cripture^  it  U  necessary  tbat  the 
mwitard  trtt  should  in  its  early 
growth  correspond  to  the  nature  of 
the  class  of  plants  here  described  as 
herht  t  and  indeed  it  appears  that 
this  is  one  of  the  most  material 
points  in  the  argument ;  for  not  only 
IS  a  very  small  seed  to  produce  a  tree, 
but  it  is  necessary  also  that  before  it 
becomes  a  tree  it  should  be  a  imh^  an 
order  of  plants  different  from  that  of 
trees.  It  is  not  allowable  to  tuke  one 
part  of  the  description  from  the  para- 
ble, and  omit  another ;  the  tree  that  is 
to  answer  to  that  of  the  parable  must 
jiiol  on/y  proceed  from  a  itmali  8 fed, 
but  become  a  herb.  And  this  brings 
us  to  the  next  step  of  the  argument, 
which  is  to  inquire  whether  this 
Xaxa»o¥  can  become  a  ^Mpon;  can 
this  herb  grow  to  be  a  tree  I  Now 
Tbeophrastus,  the  best  authority  we 
can  have^  describes  this  very  class  of 
plants,  which  he  calls  ^€tfdpokd)(^ava, 
or  olcra  arborcscentja, — arborescent 
herbt.  And  he  observes  that  some 
plants  depirt  from  nature,  and  exceed 
their  natural  size,  as  the  fmkay^ff — the 
mallow — grows  tall,  and  becomes  a  tree, 
viToit^Spov^ivrj,  and  this  growth  it 
attains  in  seven  months,  so  that  its 
item  is  the  size  of  a  spear,  and  is 
used  for  walking  sticks  ;  and  then  he 
adds,  that  some  of  the  Xaxavwdrnv,  or 
herbs,  grow  with  a  single  stem,  and 
appear  to  take  the  nature  of  a  tree ; 
therefore  some  call  these  herbs, 
"  tree-herbs/*  and  theae  herbs  for  the 
most  part,  when  they  remain,  or  live, 
pyt  out  branchet,  and  altogether  as- 
tumv  the  form  of  a  tree;  (see  lib. 
7 


]«  c<  4  ;)  olov  hlvhpov  ifivtrtv  txpfVra 
yiytferait  but  they  are  short  lived,  irX^y 
iktyuxpovM^repa,  Here  then  Theo- 
phrastus  supports  and  explains  the 
language  of  scripture,  for  we  find  in 
him  that  the  Xaj^ava  become  BMpa^ 
the  herbs  grow  to  trees,  and  further 
that  they  put  out  kkadovtt  branches* 
Speaking  of  tbe  Xoiro^of  (rumex,)  he 
says  it  is  noXvaavKov  koi  TroXuicXadoi^, 
has  many  stems,  and  many  branches  ; 
which  word  icXadot  wc  find  applied  to 
herbs,  as  ivell  as  trees.  He  eays  of 
the  avr}$ov  (auethum,  Ang.  *'  dill,*') 
kopiayvntf  (coriaadrum,)  that  they  are 
ap<f>m  TToXvoflci,  both  have  many 
branches*  From  this  brief  exami- 
nation of  the  subject,  it  appears 
to  me  that  clearly  Professor  Royle'a 
tree  has  no  title  whatever  to  the 
claim  he  has  made  for  it,  as  it 
does  not  aoswer  in  two  important  par- 
ticulars:— 1st,  having  a  very  small 
seed;*  2dly,  being  a  herb-tree,  a  dtV' 
dt>o\d)(avoi',  instead  of  a  hivhpo¥ ;  and 
we  moreover  find  the  language  of  the 
sacred  parable  entirely  supported  by 
the  scientific  description  of  the  Greek 
botanist — viz*  that  the  smallest  of  all 
seeds  (which  is  a  form  of  expression 
for  "a  very  small  seed,*')  produces  a 
garden -herb  which  grows  fast  and 
tall,  60  that  its  stem  is  a  spear's  thick- 
ness, and  that  it  throws  oat  branches 
^and  then  it  follows,  as  a  matter 
beyond  dispute,  that  birds  might  come 
and  perch  upon  it,  or  repose  beneath 
its  shade ;  thus  is  the  correctness  of 
the  parable  vindicated,  and  certainly 
a  herb  that  becomes  as  a  tree,  and  nof 
a  tree,  is  the  plant  to  which  our  Lord 
alluded  :  but  we  can  go  one  step 
further,  and  show  that  this  particular 
herb  2iKitrt,  is  called  a  Xaxnvov  by 
others  as  well  as  by  Theophraatus. 
(Lib.  z.  c.  1,)  where  he  treats  irtp*  rov 
\ax!^ovtovt.  The  scholiast  on  Aristo- 
phanes, on  the  proverb  ifSXrm  Moirt/ 
(he  looked  mustard  at  him)  says,  that 
that  species  \jaxaybv,  is  ^pipv  t^f  ^uau' 
(sharp,  pungent),  and  sidds  that  vmnt 
h  what  we  now  call  triyiptu  Thua  I 
t Link  ail  that  the  argument  re(|uirei  ia 
proved.  That  the  *  Sinapis  Oricntalia* 
IS  the  'Sinepi,'  that  the  Sinepi  ia  a 
Xdj^oyoi^,  and  that  the  'k&x^atrwt  aeada 
out  irXudov£   or   branches,  having  at- 

*  The  cooparmtive  being  used  for  tha 
so  parlati ve.    r .  M  attb ,  G  r .  G  ram  ^  4&7 . 


1S44.]  List  of  Contributors  to  the  Quarterly  Review. 

taiEcd  Bucli  a  growth  as  to  become  a 
tree- herb,  or  Bcj^^>oXa;ifca'ov  ;*  and  I 
will  jyst  add,  that  it  was  from  tbe 
common  plants  of  tbe  field,  as  wheat, 
or  barley,  or  tares,  or  lilies,  aod  not 
from  trees  comparativehf  rare,  that  the 
illuatraiioni  in  our  Saviour's  parables 
were  taken;  and  Theophmstus  men- 
tioDtt  (Lib.  7»  c.  1)  among  the  common 
garden -herbs  sown  id  the  Spring  cab- 
bage, radish,  b«et,  lettuce,  nasturtium, 
coriander,  and  muatard  (vairu)* 

The  error  then  of  those  who  have 


k 


previously  investigated  this  subject  I 
conceive  to  have  arisen  from  their  not 
taking  the  original  text  as  the  guide  of 
their  researches ;  and  thus,  instead  of 
searching  for  a  'garden  herb*  which 
would  answer  the  deacription  of  Scrip- 
ture, they  looked  for  a  tree  ;  and, 
further  misled  by  the  English  version, 
for  a  tree  of  size.  Should  i  appear  in 
this  paper  to  have  cleared  away  the 
difficulties  and  objections  that  have 
long  surrounded  tbe  subject,  I  take  no 
more  credit  than  belongs  to  my  haying 
chosen  what  I  believe  to  be  the  right 
path,  and  the  only  one  that  could  he 
successfully  pursued,  that  is,  adherence 
to  the  words  0/  the  original  teit ;  which 
belonging  to  a  book  popularltf  written, 
yet,  when  compared  to  the  language  of 
science,  is  found  ^raci ;  and  we  have 
now  the  autliority  of  the  most  eminent 
Greek  botanist  to  support  the  words  of 
the  Evangelists,  and  to  show  that  a 
tmall  Mffd  of  the  Xivi)irit  Sinapit  nigra, 
or  black  mustard,  can  produce  a  tree 
mth  branehei,  tm  which  thv  birds  may 
roo9t.  I  will  now  only  add,  that  the 
Salvadora  Persica  does  not  appear  to 
have  been  known  previous  to  1750, 
that  it  was  discovered  by  Garcin,  who 
named  it  from  an  eminent  botanist, 
M,  Snivador,  of  Barcelona,  Its  leaves 
are  two  inches  long  and  an  inch  broad, 
tlie  flower  yellowish,  the  taste  of  the 
leaves  pungent,  the  smell  perceived  at 
thr«e  or  four  yards  distance*  The 
natives  use  the  leaves  bruised  as  an 
external  remedy  for  the  bite  of  the 
scorpion*  See  Pbitosoph.  Trans,  No, 
491.  It  is  mentioned  by  Sir  A-  Burncs, 
in  his  Travels  in  Bokhara  (voL  iii.  p. 
132,)   who  thinks  it  is  described  by 

*  The  word  ^ivUpov  ii  applied  to  a 
well-known  shrub,  RhodO'dtndron/Polhu 
Sy&ti  hMpov,  and  we  use  the  word  tree 
in  the  ome  sense — the  #ree-roie,  tree" 
mallow,  lree*primroie,  he. 

GsiffT,  Mag*  Tol.  }CU. 


Arrian;  and  if  so,  it  must  be  in  Lib* 
vi.  c.  xxii.  p.  454,  ed.  Raphelii. 

Yours,  &c.        J.  M. 

BenhcU,  May  1844. 

P.S.  It  will  be  seen  from  the  above 
statement  that  the  chief  cause  of  error 
on  the  subject  of  the  mustard -tree  has 
arisen  from  not  observing  the  force  of 
the  word  Xdxa*«5v,  which  confines  the 
inquiry  to  a  garden-herb,  and  that  the 
word  hiifhpov  was  applied  by  the  Greeks 
to  a  plant  Mai  took  the  form  of  a  tree, 
as  well  as  to  a  tree.  While  writing  on 
the  subject,  I  have  observed  in  a  cot- 
tage garden  a  plant  of  the  brassica 
tribe  which  has  been  left  to  grow  to 
seed,  that  has  attained  the  height  of 
nearly  ten  feet,  and  has  thrown  out 
several  side  branches,  and.  rising  with 
a  single  and  naked  stem,  has  assumed 
the  form  of  a  small  tree.  This  is  pre- 
cisely the  appearance  of  the  tree,  I 
conceive,  which  is  mentioned  in  Scrip- 
ture, and  this  *  brassica'  is  a  plant  of 
the  same  class  as  the  '  iiioapis,'  which 
in  Egypt  is  said  to  grow  to  an  equal 
height. 

Mr*  Ueban,    H'irkswortk,  April  13, 

THE  paper  you  did  me  the  favour 
to  insert  in  the  February  No,  of  your 
excellent  Magazine,  on  the  writers  of 
the  Quarteriy  Review,  has  had  the 
effect  I  wished  and  anticipated,  of 
eliciting  some  information  on  the 
subject, 

1,  in  common  with  many  of  your 
readers,  feel  much  gratified  and  obliged 
to  Mr.  Barrow  for  the  very  interesting 
communication  he  has  made  of  the 
numerous  and  valuable  contributions 
of  his  father.  No  one  has  done  more 
to  extend  our  knowledge  of  geography, 
or  to  clear  up  doubtful  and  controverted 
points  in  that  as  well  as  other  sciences* 
than  Sir  John  Barrow;  and  we  can 
only  regret  that  Mr.  Barrow  has  not 
specified  his  various  articles*  The 
key  he  has  given,  however,  will  enable 
those  who  are  interested  Ln  the  subject 
to  discover  most  of  them  i  and,  as  Sir 
John  Barrow  has  already  pubhshcd 
many  of  his  essays  oa  the  polar  regions 
in  a  separate  and  vahiable  volume,  it 
is  to  be  hoped  that  he  may  be  induced 
to  re- publish  a  selection  from  his  other 
articles. 

The  catalogue  I  now  send  compnsca 

that  portion  of  the  Review  included 

between  the  first  and  secoiui  In^t, 

4£ 


578 


Lkt  tf  CmtrOtUn  U  the  Qmarterif  Baiem. 


f' 


aadU  at  I  hsve  no  prtTtle  tonrcet  of 
afonnAlion,  U,  like  the  fonaer  one, 
BcccHftrily  Tery  inperfcct.  1  have  not, 
iadccd,  for  tl^  reason  above  stated, 
made  moch  ose  of  Mr.  Barrow's  com- 
moaication,  bat  have  onlj  ascribed  to 
Sir  John  Barrow  those  articles  whidi 
1  have  ascertained  to  be  his  from  other 
aoorces. 

In  a  fotare  comaonication  or  two  I 
ahall  bring  down  my  list  to  the  pre- 
sent time,  and  shall  feel  gratefol  to  any 
of  yoor  nomeroos  correspondents  who 
may  correct  any  mis-statements  of 
this  accoont,  or  render  it  more  com- 
plete by  the  addition  of  other  names. 
Yoors,  fcc.    T.  P. 


QuamTaaLT  RaTiaw. 
▼OL.  XXI.     1819- 

Art.  10,  p.  196.  Copyright. — Mr. 
Soothey. 

Art.  3,  p.  381.  Cemeteries  of  Paris. 
Do.— (Vide  Byron's  Works,  toL  15,  p. 
69.) 

Art.  1 1,  p.  273.  North- West  Pam- 
agt. — Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art  2,  p.  331.  De  Humboldt's 
TraTels. — ^Do. 

Art.  9.  p.  486.  Whistlecraft's  King 
Arthur,  and  Romantic  Poems  of  the 
Italians.— Ugo  Foscolo.  (Vide  By- 
ron's  Works,  toI.  11,  p.  104.) 

J.  Hookham  Frere  was  the  author 
of  this  (Whistlecraft's)  poem. 

VOL.  XXII. 

Art.  3,  p.  59.  British  Monachism. 
— Mr.  Sonthey. 

(Vide  Heber's  Life,  toI.  i.  p.  303.) 

Art.  10,  p.  492.  State  of  Public 
Affairs. — ^Do. 

Art.  2,  p.  302.  H.  Stephens's  The. 
saorus. — Dr.  Blomfield,  Bishop  of 
London.  (Vide  Hallam's  Literature 
of  Europe,  ▼ol.  i.  p.  260.) 

Art.  9.  p.  163.  State  of  Female  So- 
ciety  in  Greece. — Sir  D.  K.  Sandford  ? 

Art.  10,  p.  203.  Cape  of  (Sood 
Hope. — Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art.6.  p.  415.  Passage  of  Himalaya 
Mountains.— Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art.  2,  p.  34.     Dupin. — ^Do. 

Art8«p.437.  Barckhardt'sTravels. 
—Do. 

TOL.  XXIII.      1820. 

Aft.  1«  p.  1.  Life  of  Marlborough. 
—Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  12,  p.  549.  New  Churches.— Do. 

Art.  10,  p.  198.  Mlhnan't  Fall  of 
J«nttaliiii«— Bp,  Htber, 


(Vide  his  Life,  vol.  iL  p.  5.) 

Art.  1,  p.  207.  Translatioa  of  the 
Bible.— Mr.  Goodhogh.  (Vide  (^iiart. 
Reriew,  vol.  19.  p.  250.) 

Art.  5,  p.  400.  Speace's  Anecdotes. 
—Mr.  Croker. 

Art.  8,  p.  166.  Clare's  Pioema.— 
Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  11,  p.  225.  Coarse  of  tha 
Niger. — Sir  J.  Barrow. 

TOL.  XXIT. 

Art.  l,p.l.  Southey'sLifeof  Wes- 
ley.— Bp.Heber. 

(Vide  Heber's  Life,  toL  2,  p.  5.) 

Art .  6,  p.  1 39.  Belzoni.— Compiled 
from  documents  sent  by  Mr.  Salt. 

(Vide  h'ls  Life,  toI.  1,  p.  492.) 

Art  7,  p.  169.  InsaaitT. — ^Dr. 
Uwins.  (Vide  Memoir  of  hia  Life, 
Gent's.  Magazine.) 

Art.  9.  p.  462.  Huntingdon's  Lile 
and  Works.— Mr.  Southey. 

(Vide  Crabbe's  Works,  vol.  3,  p.  68.) 

Art.  5,  p.  352.  Modem  Norels. — 
Dr.  Whateley,Abp.  of  Dublin.  (Vide 
Lockhart's  Ldfe  of  Scott,  toL  7,  p.  4.) 

Art.  10,  p.  511.  Anastasios. — Mr. 
Gifford. 

(Vide  AtheuKum,  No.  318,  p.  8ia) 
VOL.  XXT.     1821. 

Art.  1,  p.  1 .  Spanish  Drama. — Bir. 
Southey. 

Art.  1,  p.  279.    Cromwell.— Do. 

Art.  2,  p.  25.  Lyon's  Northern 
Africa. — Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art.  9,  p.  175.  Parry's  Voyage- 
Do. 

Art.  4,  p.  392.  Lord  WaldegrmTe, 
Memoirs. — J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  12,  p.  534.  Miss  Berry's 
England  and  France. — Do. 

Art.  2,  p.  347.  Apocryphal  New 
Testament.  —  RcT.  Hugh  J.  Rose. 
(Vide  BriL  Magazine,  toI.  15,  p. 
332.) 

▼OL.  XXT  I. 

Art.  6,  p.  109.  Rob  Roy,  &c.  Mr. 
Senior. 

Art.  12,  p.  454.    The  Pirate — Do. 

(Vide  Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott,  yoI. 
5,  p.  150.) 

Art.  5,  p.  374.  Buckingham's 
Travels.  —  Wm.  J.  Bankes.  (Vide 
Buckingham's  Letter  on  his  America.) 

Mr.  Buckingham  brought  an  action 
against  Mr.  Murray  for  this  article. 

Art.  3,  p.  341.  Kotzebue's^Voyage 
of  Discovery. — Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art.  13,  p.  474.  Stewart's  DisserU- 
lion.    Dr.  Sayert  ?  (or  Mr.  Bowdlar .) 


1 844.]  List  qfContrituiors to  ihe  Quarierl^  Review. 


579 


(Vide  Taylor's  Life  and  Correipon- 
dence  whh  Mr.  Southey. 

VOL.  xxvti.     1832* 

Art  I ,  p/1  ♦  Camoens. — Mr.  Soulbe y. 

(Vide  Ltrdner'tf  Cyclop,  vol*  96, 
p.  333.) 

Art  6,  p.  123,  Wakot  i^  Walker. 
—Do. 

Art.  a,  p.  39*  MqVk  Digamma« — 
Ugo  Foscolo. 

(Vide  Penny  Cyclop.  voL  13,  p*  24 S.) 

Art.  9,  p.  178.  Walpole'fi  MeraoirB* 
— J.  W.Croker. 

Art.  11,  p.  239.  Currency.  —  Dr. 
Copleston,  Bp.  of  Llandaflf. 

(Vide  his  Correspondence  with  Ihe 
Earl  of  Dudley.) 

Art.  H,  p»  624.  Cootagioti.  —  Dr. 
Gooch,  (Vide  Family  Librarv,  vol.  14, 
p.  334.) 

Art,  10,  p.  476.  Byron's  Dramas. 
--Bp.  Heber. 

(Vide  his  Life,  vol.  2.  p.  64.) 

Art.  1,  p*  2/3.  Early  History  of 
Rome* — Dr,  Arnold, 

(Vide  his  Life  in  Biog.  Diet,  of  the 
Society  of  Ueeful  Knowledge.) 

VOL.  xxvtii. 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Religious  Sectt.— Mr. 
Soulliey. 

Art.  12.  p.  493.  Progress  of  Infi- 
delity.— Do.     (Republished.) 

Art,  L  p.  271.  Lacretelle.— J.  W. 
Croker. 

Art.  13,  p.  210.     O'Meara. — Do, 

Art  9t  p'  449.  Madame  Campan. 
—Do.  ? 

Art.  10,  p.  464.  Mems,  of  France. 
—Do.  ? 

Art,  3,  p,  59.  Eg3T*»  ^^' — ^*^  ^* 
Barrow, 

Art  G,  p.  372.  Franklin'i  Journey. 
—Do. 

VOL.  XXIX.     1823. 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Misstsaippi.  —  Sir  J. 
Barrow. 

Art.  9*  p»  608.     Bornoii. — Do. 

Art.  9, p. 24 1 .  Spain.— Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  10,  p.  524.  Ecclesiastical  Re- 
venues.— Do, 

Art.  4,  p.  378-  Ltl.  J.  Russeirs 
Don  Carlos.— J,  W.  Croker, 

VOL.  XXX. 

Art.  4,  p.  79.  Belsham*8  History. — 
Mr.  Goodhugh.  (Vide  his  former  Ar- 
ticles.) 

Art,  8,  p.  185.  Cowper'fi  Letters — 
Private  Correspondence. — ^Mr.  Knox 
aacribes  the  revtewal  of  thU  work  to 


Bishop  Heber,  (Vide  his  Corres- 
pondence with  Bp.  Jebb«  vol*  2,  p. 
511.) 

Art  12,  p.  542.  Lady  Suffolk's 
Correspondence. — Sir  Walter  Scot. 

(Vide  his  M  iscellaneous  Prose  Works, 
vol.  19,  p.  1S5.) 

Art  10,  p.  216.  Dry  Rot.— Sir 
John  Barrow. 

Art  11,  p.  231.  Parry's  Voyage. 
—Do. 

xxxi^     1824. 

Art.  14,  p*  229.  New  Churchee.*-- 
Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  1,  p.  263,  Hayley'a  Life  ftod 
Writings.— Do. 

'*  My  paper  upon  Haylcy  was  so  of- 
feniive  to  Mr.  GifTord  that  after  it  was 
printed  he  withheld  it  from  two  successive 
numbers,  and,  if  he  had  not  then  ccaied  to 
be  editor  and  had  periisted  in  withboldiug 
itt  I  might  probably  hove  withdran-n  from 
the  Review.  There  neither  was  nor  could 
be  any  reason  for  this,  but  that  he  couht 
not  bear  to  see  Hay  ley  spoken  of  with 
decent  respect*' 

(Vide  Southey *s  Letter  in  Sir  Eger- 
ton  Brydges's  Autobiography.) 

Art,  2*  p.  26.  Lives  of  Newton  and 
Scott. — Mr.  Knox  thought  this  article 
was  written  by  Bp.  Heber.  (Vide 
Corres,  with  Bp.  Jebb,  vol.  2,  p.  511.) 

Art.  9.  p.  445.  Interior  of  Africa. 
—Sir  J.  Barrow.  (Vide  Blackwood's 
Mag.  vol.  17,  p.  478.) 

VOL.  XXXlt, 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Church  of  England 
Missions, — Mr.  Southey, 

Art.  7.  p.  160.  Past  and  Present 
State  of  the  Country,— Do. 

Art.  6,  p.  152.  Dibdin's  Library 
Conipaoion*— Mr,  D'lsraeli? 

(Vide  Dibdin*8  Literary  Reraimi- 
cences,  vol.  2,  p.  739.) 

Art  3.  p.  C7*  Early  Roman  History, 
— Dr.  Arnold.  (Vide  Life  of  Dr.  Ar- 
nold in  Biog.  Diet  of  the  Society  for 
the  Diffusion  of  Useful  Knowledge.) 


VOL.  XXXIII. 


1825. 


Art.  1,  p.  I.  Reformation  in  Eng- 
land.^ — Mr.  Sooth ey. 

Art.  2,  p.  37.  Mission  to  the  Bur- 
mans. — Y>o* 

Art  5,  p.  375.  The  Apocalypse  of 
the  Sister  Nativity, — Do. 

Art  Up.  281.  Pepys'a  Memoirs. 
-Sir  Walter  Scott.  (Vide  Misc.  Prose 
Works,  vol,  20,  p.  94) 

Art.  9,  p.  218,    The  Plftfue.— Pr. 


LUi  of  CmUributfi  to  the  Qmrttrhf  Btvim.  ([Jmie, 


580 

Gooch.  (Vide  Family  Library,  toI.  U« 
p.  335.) 

Art.  12,  p.  550.  Vaccination.— Dr. 
Gooch. 

Art.  11,  p.  518.  African  DitcoTeries. 
—Sir  J.  Barrow. 

Art  13,  p.  561.  Moore's  Memoirs 
of  Sheridan^— Mr.  Croker. 

VOL.  XXX  !▼. 

Art.  10,  p.  197.  Boaden's  Life  of 
Kemble.  —  Sir  Walter  Scott.  (Vide 
Miscel.  Prose  Workst  vol.  20,  p.  152.) 

Art.  11,  p.  248.  Anglo  •  Saxon 
History « — 5ir  Francis  Palgrave.  (Vide 
Penny  Cyclopedia,  vol.  12,  p.  4770 

Art.  6,  p.  1 10.  Canova.  —  Allan 
Cnnningham.  (Vide  Memoir  of  his 
Life,  Gent.  Magazine.) 

Art.  4,  p.  45.  English  Industry .— 
Mr.  Soathey. 

Art.  1,  p.  305.  Cathedral  Antiqui- 
tkt.— Do.  ? 

Art.  6,  p.  421.  Madame  de  Gknlis. 
—J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  7,  p.  457.  Prior's  Life  of 
Burke.— Do.  ? 

Art.  3,  p.  378.  Parry's  Voyages. — 
Sir  J.  Barrow. 

▼OL.  XXXV.     1826. 

Art.  8,  p.  175.  Dr.Sayers's  Works. 
—Mr.  Southey.  (Vide  Taylor's  Cor- 
respondence with  Soathey.) 

Art.  3,  p.  363.  Travels  in  Southern 
Russia  and  Georgia. — Do. 

Art.  7,  p.  481.  The  Burmese  War. 
—Do. 

VOL.  XXXVI. 

Art.  7,  p.  167-  Home's  Works.— 
Sir  Walter  Scott.  (A  favourite  Re- 
view.) 

(Misc.  Prose  Works,  vol.  19,  p.  283.) 

Art.  8,  p.  558.  Planting  Waste 
Lands. — Do. 

(Mis.  Prose  Works,  vol.  21,  p.  1.) 

Art.  4,  p.  437-  Scropc's  Creology,— 
Mr.  Lyell. 

(Vide  his  Greology,  vol.  3,  p.  271*) 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Brit,  and  For.  Bible 
Society. — Mr.  Southey. 

Art.  1,  p.  305.  Biblioth^ue  Chr^- 
tienne. — Do. 

Art.  5,  p.  106.  Russian  Missions. 
—J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  10,  p.  285.  Letters  of  George 
HI.- Do. 

VOL.  XXXVII.    1827* 

Art.  7.  p.  194.  HalUm'i  EngUnd. 
—Mr.  Southey, 


•<  Southey,  a  bitter  critie,  and  works 
Htllam  with  great  acuteness  and  force.*' 
fFilbaforee. 

(Vide  his  Life,  vol.  5,  p.  291.) 

Art.  12,  p.  639-  Emigration— Mr. 
Southey.     (Vide  his  Essays.) 

Art.  3,  p.  50.  Reformation  in  Italy. 
—Do.? 

Art.  1,  p.  303.  Landscape  Garden- 
ing.—Sir  Walter  Scott  (Vide  Misc. 
Prose  Works,  vol.  21,  p.  77.) 

Art.  4,  p.  402.  Lord  Byron,  te^— 
J.  W.  Croker. 

Art.  11,  p.  523.  North  Pole.— Sir 
J.  Barrow. 

VOL.  XXXVIll. 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  History  of  Astroiioaiy. 
—Sir  David  Brewster.  (Vide  Black- 
wood's  Mag.  vol.  t4,  p.  632.) 

Art.  2,  p.  16.  Psalmody.— Rev.  H. 
H.  Milman.  (Vide  his  History  of 
(Christianity,  vol.  3,  p.  519.) 

Art.  1,  p.  305.  Paley.— Rev.  J.  J. 
Blunt,  Margaret  Prof,  of  Divinity, 
Cambridge. 

Art.  9*  p.  603.  Sir  H.  Davy's 
Salmonia— Sir  Walter  Scott.  (Vid. 
Misc.  Prose  Works,  vol.  20,  p.  245.) 

Art.  10,  p.  535.— Catholic  Question. 
—Mr.  Southey. 

(Vide  his  Essays,  vol.  2,  p.  331.) 

Art.  2,  p.  335.  Franklin's  Polar 
Sea.— Sir  J.  Barrow. 

VOL.  XXXIX.     1828. 

Art.  1,  p.  1.  Dr.  Granville's 
Russia.— J.  W.  Croker. 

Art  5,  p.  143.  Africa.  —  Sir  J. 
Barrow. 

Art  3,  p.  73.  Hajji  Baba  in 
England.— Sir  Walter  Scott  (Vide 
Misc.  Prose  Works,  vol.  18,  p.  364.) 

Art.  1,  p.  225.  Dr.  Parr.— Rev.  J. 
J.  Blunt. 

Art.  8,  p.  476.  State  of  the  Country. 
—Mr.  Southey. 


Ma«  Urban,  Ifof  13. 

THE  Gentleman's  Magazine  is  the 
most  appropriate  place  in  which  to 
meet  an  accusation  of  literary  mis- 
conduct. 

In  the  preface  to  the  second  volume 
of  a  work  that  has  iust  appeared,  en- 
titled "BarooiaAnglica  Concentrate," 
&c.  "  by  Sir  T.  C.  Banks,  Bart.  N.S., 
Member  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Law 
Genealogist,  Author  of  the  '  Dormant 
and  Extinct  Baronage  of  England^* 
'  Stemmata  Anglicaaa^' '  Honores  Aa* 


1844.] 


Sir  Harris  Nicolat  mid  Mu  Banks, 


581 


glicani/  'History  of  the  Marnayun 
Family/aQcl  other  genealogical  works/' 
after  imputing  to  Mr.  Burke,  the  editor 
of  a  Peerage,  &c,  '*  piracy"  and  '*  base 
plagiarism,"  he  has  presunjcd  to  briug 
a  eimijar  charge  against  me.  As  1  aever 
permit  an  imputation  to  be  east  upon 
me  by  any  man  in  his  real  name  (even 
though  the  weight  which  might  otJier- 
wise  belong  to  such  name  be  lessened 
by  the  ridiculous  attribotion  of  unwar- 
ranted titles)  without  refuting  the 
calumny,  I  must  request  admis&ion 
for  the  following  statement  in  your 
pages*     Mr.  Banks's  words  are  t — 

**  I  must  now  turn  to  a  geutlcmsa  of 
much  higher  note,  of  whom  1  would  wish 
to  say  somethitig  more  fkvoimble  than  he 
deaerres  at  my  bands.  I  mc&D  the  learned 
and  indefatigable  Sir  Nicholas  Harris  Ni- 
colas, who,  hsYiof  leen  my  Stenmiata 
Anglicans,  was  pleaaed  very  speedUj  after 
to  adopt  its  arrsQgcmcnt  and  contents,  in 
a  Tary  coniidcrabk  degree,  into  a  work  of 
his  own,  entitled  *  A  Syaopsi*  of  the 
Peerage  of  England,*  and  thereiu  to  in- 
corporate a  notice  of  those  «cry  persons 
of  whom  (as  before  observed)  I  wis  the 
first  to  gi?e  any  sccoant  to  the  public. 
In  his  remsrkt  on  some  of  thetoi  he  con- 
descends occasiomiUy  to  cite  my  name ; 
while  in  others  whom  he  mentions  he 
itatef  th&t  no  genealogical  suthor  has 
given  any  account  of  them,  though  an 
aooonnt  was  to  be  found  in  the  Stemraata^ 
from  which  he  had  plagiarised  their  titles. 
As  no  genealogical  author,  according  to 
hij  assortioii,  bad  noticed  tbem,  it  would 
have  added  much  to  his  own  credit  to 
have  been  the  first  to  have  brought  them 
forward,  and  have  rendered  his  own  work 
more  novel  and  interesting.  The  situster 
molhe  for  mentioning  me  in  some  in- 
ttances,  and  omitting  me  in  others, 
where  I  might  have  had  some  credit  for 
priority  of  information,  requires  no  com- 
mentf  as  being  too  evident.  Mr.  Hunter, 
in  his  Deanery  of  Doncaater,  considers 
that  the  ailenoe  of  Sir  Uarria  Nicolas,  in 
hia  Synopsis^  of  that  very  emineni 
statesnum  ajid  ecclesiastic.  Sir  John  de 
Sandale,  is  much  to  be  regretted.  But, 
had  Mr»  Hunter  looked  into  my  Stem- 
matAi  he  might  have  Ecen  an  accoimt  of 
the  subject  of  his  lamentation,  I  will 
only  add,  that*  although  I  deem  myself 
rather  scarvily  treated  hy  Sir  Harris,  1 
give  him  with  much  pleasure  the  highest 
commendation  for  hia  very  many  erudite^ 
meritoriousi  and  estimable  publioaions/^ 

There    are     here     three     distinct 
clmrgea : — 
iBt  Thftt  the  plMi  of  tlic ''  SyuopsLa 


of  the  Peerage  "  was  taken  from  the 

"  Stemmata  Anglican  a," 

2i]d.  That  1  incorporated  therein  a 
notice  of  persons  of  whom  Mr.  Banks 
was  the  6rst  to  give  any  account  to 
the  public  without  referring  to  his 
works. 

3rd.  That  I  did  not  in  the  "  Sy. 
nopais  of  the  Peerage"  notice  Sir 
John  de  Sandale. 

To  the  iirst  of  these  charges  it  is 
only  necessary  to  repeat  what  is  said 
in  the  preface  to  the  **  Synopsis  of  the 
Peerage;" — 

**  It  will  at  once  be  seen^  that  the 
plan  on  which  the  Synopsis  of  the 
Peerage  of  England  has  been  formed, 
was  that  of  Htiflyn*$  Help  to  Engli$h 
Hktory/'  a  work  of  which  numer-  * 
ous  editions  appeared  between  the 
year  1641  and  the  year  1786. 
"  Whilst,  however,  making  the  can- 
did avowat  that  the  obvious  utility  of 
Dr.  Heylyn*s  work  suggested  the  pre- 
sent, the  editor  owes  it  to  himself 
hrieHy  to  state  those  points,  in  which, 
he  hopes,  it  will  be  found  an  improve- 
ment on  that  well-known  production,'* 
&c.  *'The  difference,  however,  in  many 
other  instances  between  the  '  Help  to 
English  History '  and  these  volumes, 
is,  it  is  presumed,  fully  sufficient  to 
justify  his  considering  the  present  as 
a  totally  distinct  work.*' — pp.  9,  10, 

That  the  plan  of  the  '*  Synopsis  of 
the  Peerage*'  was  in  no  degree  bor- 
rowed from  Mr.  Banks's  ''  Stemmata 
Anglicana,"  is  further  proved  by  datn. 
His  dedication  of  that  book  is  dated 
from  the  '*  Dormant  Peerage  Office, 
December,  1824/'  and  the  volume  was 
published,  according  to  the  title-page, 
some  time  in  1S25* 

The  "  Synopsis  of  the  Peerage"  ap- 
peared in  June  1325,  and,  even  if  I  had 
not  other  conclusive  proofs  that  it  was 
commenced  early  in  1321,  the  very 
work  itself  must  show  that  it  could 
not  have  been  written  and  printed  in 
njt  month.  Nor  is  this  all ;  for  from 
a  single  glance  at  the  "  Stemmata  An- 
glicana/' it  will  be  evident  that  it  bears 
no  resemblance  whatever  to  the  plan 
of  the  **  Synopsis/*  It  is  quite  true 
that  the  "Stemmata  Ang  I  ictina"  is  re- 
ferred to  occasionally  in  such  parts  of 
my  work  as  were  not  completed  before 
Mr*  Banks's  volume  was  published, 
which  establishes,  what  1  readily 
admit,  that  I  obtained  the  book  as 
soon  as  it  was  to  be  bought^  and  that 


582 

I  had  no  unwillingness  to  refer  to 
it,  in  the  unfinished  portions  of  my 
labours,  when  I  found  any  original 
matter.  But  Mr.  Banks  also  says 
that  I  have  quoted  it  unfairly,  and 
he  ventures  to  insinuate  that  I  have 
done  80  collusively.  If  I  understand 
him,  the  oflfence  consists  in  my  not 
having  cited  him  whenever  I  noticed 
those  Barons  of  whom  Dugdale  has 
not  given  any  account;  and  which 
forms  his  second  charge  against  me. 

The  only  evidence  of  those  indi- 
viduals  having  been  Barons,  are  the 
Writs  of  summons  to  Parliament,  which 
Writs  were  printed  by  Dugdale  in  1685, 
and,  more  accurately,  by  order  of  the 
House  of  Lords  in  1820. 
•  Having  consulted  Uiose  Writsas  soon 
as  I  began  my  work,  and  long  before 
the  "  Stemma'ta  Aoglicana"  appeared, 
I  derived  from  them,  and  not  from 
Mr.  Banks's  book,  the  knowledge  that 
the  persons  in  question  had  been 
Barons  of  the  realm.  No  doubt  I  was 
aware  of  the  existence  of  Mr.  Banks's 
"  Dormant  and  Extinct  Baronage," 
printed  in  1807;  but,  though  in  com- 
piling that  work  he  might  and  ought 
to  have  referred  to  the  writs  printed 
by  Dugdale,  he  is  entirely  silent  re- 
specting the  Barons  about  whom  he 
has  now  raised  a  discussion,  but  all 
of  whom  ought  to  have  been  as  fully 
noticed  in  his  "  Dormant  and  £xtinct 
Baronage"  as  in  his  "  Stemmata  An- 
glicana,"  or  in  his  "  Baronia  Anglica 
Concentrata." 

It  appears,  therefore,  that  from  ser- 
vilely following  Dugdale's  Baronage, 
Mr.  Banks  omitted  to  notice  these 
Barons  in  his  "  Dormant  and  Extinct 
Baronage;"  and  that  from  not  ser- 
vilely following  Dugdale,  and  still  less 
Mr.  Banks,  I  did  notice  them  in  my 
first  work  on  the  Peerage,  great  part 
of  which  was,  as  I  have  already  said, 
written  long  before  the  world  ever 
heard  of  the  "  Stemmata  Anglicana." 

With  regard  to  the  third  charge,  that 
I  did  not  mention  Sir  John  de  Sandale 
ID  the  "  Synopsis  of  the  Peerage,"  it  is 
sufficient  to  observe  that  he  nether  wag 
a  Banm  of  the  realm. 

No  fact  in  literary  history  is  better 
known  than  that  charges  of  plagia- 
rism are  usually  brought  by  those 
who  have  themselves  most  frequently 
committed  the  offence.  Contempt 
gfleoif/  however,  to  be  th«  proper  way 
Ib  which  r  tct  and  pilla|era 


Caterpillar  Amvleis  found  in  Ireland, 


[June, 


of  other  men's  books.  I  made  no 
complaint  even  when  the  "Synopsis 
of  the  Peerage"  was  reprinted  from 
beginning  to  end,  by  some  provincial 
Pirate,  without  the  slightest  allusion  to 
its  author  in  any  part  of  the  book.  In 
this  I  only  imitated  what  I  imagined 
would  have  been  the  conduct  of  the 
learued  Dugdale,  could  he  have  seen 
the  manner  in  which  his  great  work 
has  been  treated  in  the  "Dormant 
and  Extinct  Baronage,"  and  in  Mr. 
Banks's  other  works. 

N.  Harris  Nicolas. 


Mr.  Urban, 


MaryviUe,  Cork, 
May  6,  1843. 

A  REMNANT  of  antiquity  lately 
came  into  my  possession  of  so  curious 
and  singular  a  kind,  that  I  consider 
some  account  of  it  may  be  interesting 
to  you  and  your  learned  readers.  It 
is  in  the  form  of  a  large  caterpillar,  of 
silver,  hollow,  and  having  the  back 
and  sides  coated  with  pieces  of  glass 
and  composition  of  various  colours, 
the  prevailing  colour  being  yellow, 
with  a  streak  of  dark  blue  pieces  at 
each  side,  and  one  of  red  along  the 
back  ;  it  is  in  length  about  four  and  a 
quarter  inches,  and  about  two  in  cir- 
cumference; it  is,  in  fact,  an  exact 
imitation  in  size,  colour,  and  appear- 
ance  of  the  caterpillar  called  by  the 
country  people  the  conac  or  murrain  ;• 
and,  from  the  dread  in  which  this 
reptile  is  universally  held  by  them  aa 
being  supposed  injurious  to  cattle,  it 
appears  highly  probable  that  this  jewel 
was  used  as  an  amulet  or  charm  against 
the  reptile  of  which  it  is  so  close  a  re- 
semblance. It  was  lately  found  near 
Tiraoleague  in  this  county,  where  there 
is  a  Franciscan  Abbey,  built  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  II.  and  a  sacred  well. 
At  what  period  this  amulet  was  fabri- 
cated it  would  be  difficult  to  say,  but 
it  has  the  appearance  of  great  anti- 
quity,  and  is  a  proof,  if  any  were 
needed,  that  the  arts  in  Ireland  bad  in 
ancient  times  attained  a  very  consider- 
able  degree  of  perfection. 

A  caterpillar  of  similar  workmanship 

*  This  insert  is,  I  am  told,  the  larva  of 
the  emperor  moth.  There  is  also  another 
caterpillar  of  exactly  similar  size  and  shapes 
but  of  a  dirtj  blackish  colour,  and  called 
bj  the  country  people  the  black  murraiOf 
four  of  which  preserved  in  spirits  hav« 
beoi  lor  many  years  in  mj  po««Mioft« 


differ.LZ  i:^*'i^     r-Ti  n  -      -^  ...  ..„, 


ism  il?  ri-.i-rt.ii    :.'  I^tiint:':.!    ;.i- 
thcr.T.  €*:.  'J  --■--..  TT.    r:     •_.  ..•'!.: ' 

of  rititr  I  4  3,L.*-  r-i    i-i»-    Lirr-  ■::  -;/    "    .\'.    .    .  ^T-^    ..^  -  l -lica 

colo;r,   tl*  ;-Tn...-i:r   : .  -'i"    -  *.: .  * ".  .\.  ".    .."..     .  .  ...j^.^^ 

\z::.zz-:'i    :k  i^  i    i.--    :**-■■    -  -*  • /^  ■ .  \  "  .    _*:!:^;  ^ .  .'  '.   /.  .^VlA,^ 

wh  .i"  • '  t^~  : '  Ti  lit  -t  ■.'  I  -*•"'  iin.:-.'  .•*""'    *■  "*     ' '"        """'.*..  1." ~*  * .  ■  -.  -- 

Ttf-i-t   :;:  I'-s    I'^/ft".;     '    x-i   "'1  ■■■  -    " -'      •'•    *    "* *" 

hare  ik^z.  ili  *^..:.'»-:-:  : '  ^i  i.-:  -  .-v-=-  -  _  *-  •  ,.....-  .-,. 

sioc.    1-:     i--:-rL    -^    :--i.    :.r         -    -   .^:  .  -  -   ^^      :/::.:....*.. 

opiLloL    :*   :-t:   :i^-    v-.     i.-i    i:=  :«-.:    i--^     ;  J*   -  :v^ /.-  .;  = 

out  iis  '-;:-.i*.i-4    "•  -  -     -"^i"""    ••  ..^    ..^  -^      .  ^    .    ^_      ,. 

not  app^fcr  f.  t 

jecture 


,^'ji      J.   '.-..:■'   i-i'-  - -:  i  M.: -:  :    :  .1-t:  ;    ^:^:L.:i'-: 


evidence -wL  :"- ■«.-  i: '-'•-•i--- '  n-.-    -i  J  .   -    -_•  :      ■•  vf»    .:       lt;  -     :  :i 

questioD  at  :=•: ;  It  ix*  Lri'-'X.:.- :    :  .     •.  ^  v .  ,_r  i . :   .     l  i  -l:  :  -  i:  T-:  ■  i- 

unqucs'.ioLable  ai'.l..' :;   .:-i^  .:  •  -.-i  .-   v:-    ::l-  -  l^i'-.  :     _  :  ■    k.? 

the  counties '.fCj-*i   la-*-.-.!    >1-  ji^v::     :-:::   ::    zn     ::    r:     ::  :  .i.v 

tod  the  w*^:  :f  li*   ::-    l-i      i^'^  T:   i:?- :•  :;  r:-    : : :  -  ;■•     >;.:::  r*: 

is  a  trai.tl^::  t=:irT":   -i*    :.:i.i-.i-..  ..  .   -^ijin:     -_  ^l:l  ••-  :L-:i     -v 

that  the=c  a--.^-*  -:  v-i---    ^-  -' ' :  ^  .  ^i:  .r    1     :i'-:    '■' i'-  i.     ;'i::. 

are  cails-l  -j '-it-    "*"='*    i'-'  ■-■*'^-    -,  l::    :   I.i  :r  it-    ?    "-"£   •:.*.>  jlj-.- 

thi*  forrr: -y  ::ii.:^'  -^^  :  ■•      -  -^  :.;■..:    l  '::  l^:  :-;•    :        x::"^ 

the  m '.'A. 5,  ill   i  -tI  -■.■    ;;  •■.■"':  ^.  .'..~.^    j^-   '"v^-;::.-     i;..-.:   a  r:   ,* 

the  c^uiv-  ;K::.i  f::  '^i    •  •■'--  "'  ■•   -   '^:-  .:     -;  :^  :-^:    -  i^rx    . 

murra.::.       ,i  *     -.-  :=.;:?     "*  -    -■'     -  £.   i:?.     "Ji-:-?  -    -i. -.*«;•;   ^  i-,- • 

goes    tj   *-*•-*.■.. >.i     -i     '^'"-    '■    ■-■-  '  :.  :i:   ..i:  •.-  ::  .:    :■  .  .\  -:.■    *   .-;  :.» 

beisg   asi^.tvi,    i '.--"'     --    -'•:*     '•  _-:.;  £:-:  —  •.:,  t-t  j:->?":a:^>.  .'"%»** 

negatiTe  :i?  lit*  ^?  v  ^  :  v.  ii:  :' ■:>  :  .  lz-  :  =;.     ::;':  .  at.:  :-^  ..a     ^> 

remote  ai: 'i-':?",  i  •--■^'  "^  --■"-  .:     .:,:  :.:  ^  if    "■  :r;  :•.  :•— ,    .•    ;>,. 

allude:   ^>  --i;    ::'-'    ;    -^  ^    ■;--  :---ii:zc^.     1' ■  >   .  :    va:     •  ^z- 

tinued  f-.:  c-iiy  -.ci*--  -.:.  : '.:    \    =.::  ^  \^i  -^  •  -  ■    .-  ;■.   -;    ■-  j...  .    -^        v  . 

is  it  y-::  .*M  *-  -^     *-"-^   '-*--    *'-^-  -  ^  i^?.  i-.i  :>.:  ...:::.*"..,:  .^  ■,    ^»,-    *. 

and  =uj,*rr^.;.^-t   :^:^-^l.   ^r:  -.  .*.  -^..;    ^f   ••..    :/. :.•:;■..    :-.,»xvs- 

in  use  ;a   :'-.«  c- -•.*;'.    *  ■•.:-;r.^  :ir  .-.  -^   -  .  -.  .1   .i;.\.. .'S  .■!*  •,.•:*•,• 

charm  is  r.--  .--?^-'  -'-  *  -•  :  ■"-    •'  ''--  i?::  ::.."     :»^    :'.  c     .\  ^^  a-.j    ;.-:.  ^ 

so  much  i:*a.ln  i  .r.-.-.-.  i:.-:    f  r^^::  y  y..-..\:\  :  i.  .:  :r.4\  .^:.-  .•,«    .-.  vx  ;»  k, 

a  conitc.-atti   *•  :.r  h-:.j  :.-:.-   ::.c  je?r.:r.. 

neck  of  ihe  s:r..::-a.  ;r. '•.'.•.£ :.  \^  VImIv;-  w.;>  >/•:'.    -  ;.•  •>    ^.  .». . 

Y '. u r  - .  6: •: .    S  .h  n  L  :  > ;.-  -ay.  ^: . . .,  ,^.  ^^  -;.  ^.\  •  ■  ;  ,.  ^ ^.  ,j .  ^.  ^  .  * . ». .  .\ '  .'  *  \ 

On  ourapp.ica'. -.:.  to  Mk.  A.NTHONY  p.i:".:."  ■^'  ^x.'.s  \\\  \  .^  :\^\  >,..^.       i^  ,, 

of  Piltowr:,  luiuW-jUt^  in  \\.2  prect*;-  a:*.  ::u"\;c:-t  *•.% -,  •.  ^  -.. ..  ,..  .^■...,..  ,.  .   ,.  ^^ 

ing  letter,  he  i.as  o-^ijginsly  coruma-  fr.c  pciu'.i.ii  :;:.n   ..\  ;;■...  ;..^.  .;.,,-^,  ^.^ 

nicaled  a  repreieiita'.ion  ol  Li?  Ca:er-  ir.c    K    \\\    \\w   av.:.xi.\i'*v    V.  ,   ,    ^., 

pillar  Amult:,  ar.'l  the  two  are  f-hown  wUvh  is    :ii:i  :•.»:,.■    ;.v  .  ,.u«:.    ,.    ,  /  ^ 

both  cf  their  real  size  i:i  iht'  accom-  iuo.-.vVi.»i'-i   t   »•   uj  \.a.  .-.  \\  ■.    ,.^^^^ 

panying  Plate.  \v:i>  jioluuil  w  wy  t,»  \    .  '.  i-..  ..    ^,.^/, 

lie  hai  ali-.fj  sent  \is  the  ll cure  of  a  a"*  n.ax  l*.  ivi»\'n,.|   ;.^  ji-,     ,,    .  .«  :. 

bronze  Brooch,  of  txtranidii.ary  >iio,  of  I.:*  rtu!»»i;i.»i«b.  *o|m,J    .,•...    ,   ,.  ^,^. 

found   in  the  county  of  Ro>ctMnnuin.  illusliatui;;  hi    ■  Pum 
in    1S42.     The    ien^ih   of  iho    pin    is  Si»!»  r    mtoi.-^im       i.i!.,i  ,,.,. 

>  fiiMU     til*     ni.'i  !.•»•■•     •,.,!..:     Im     »U, 

•  Such  a  device  appt-ars  siUfjct.-tcd  in  voutlilull  \,  Imi  I  li,- ni\  n,  «»m«,, 
the  trespass  offeiing  m.uK*  by  till-  riiiU<.  l''\pl«Ma«i-  '  o.lm  nl.  \  m  .■  ,  ^,^, 
tines  :  "  Wherefore  ye  sliall  make  iiini^cM      It'U.  wXww  In*  «• '  «*im  m-.-n  l..    i,  ii  j,  , 

of  your  emeruds,  ami  image s  (if  your  niiiv  und   iho    iaiililtilm-«i    «%iih   ul.i.it    Xw 

that  mar  your  land."    1  Samuel,  vi.  4,  5.  adhrird  Ui  llu'  "  .Mtlimii  i,  i,iu  w  '   i« 


584 


GioMt  inicHbed  hy  John  Etfelyu 


[Jane, 


evidenced  by  his  blameless  and  useful 
life.     The  lines 

.  Tibi  nos,  tibi  nostra  sapellex 

Rureque  servierint, 

are  plainly  allusive  to  the  extraordi- 
nary contributions  made  by  the  Royal- 
ists to  the  cause  of  their  'sovereign  at 
the  time  when  the  glass  was  inscribed. 
The  year  1641  witnessed  the  outbreak 
of  those  fatal  dissensions  which  eventu- 
ally led  to  the  execution  of  the  un- 
fortunate Charles  ;  and  Evelyn,  good 
royalist  as  he  was,  appears  by  his 
Diary  to  have  been,  if  not  daunted  by 
the  display  of  the  popular  force,  at 
least  induced  to  quit  his  native  land  to 
absent  himself  "  from  this  ill  face  of 
things."  It  may  excite  some  surprise 
that  at  a  critical  period,  when  not  only 
the  "  supellex  ruraque  "  of  all  royal- 
ists, but  their  bodily  services  were  in 
such  urgent  request,  he  should  have 
cobceived  the  expediency  of  quitting 
the  kingdom ;  but  his  peaceful  and 
amiable  character  partly  accounts  for 
his  choice.  It  should  also  be  remem- 
bered, as  another  ground  of  vindica- 
tion, that  he  had  but  very  lately  lost 
both  his  parents,  and,  being  "  of  a  raw, 
vaine,  uncertaine,  and  very  unwary 
inclination,  thinking  of  nothing  but 
the  pursuit  of  vanity  and  the  confused 
imaginations  of  young  men,"*  "study- 
ing a  little,  but  dauncing  and  fooling 
more,"t  it  is  not  to  be  wondered  at 
that  he  was  not  arrested  by  political 
motives  from  pursuing  the  usual  ter- 
minating stage  of  a  polite  education. 
It  appears  also  that  he  did  not  fail  to 
contribute  at  least  some  of  his  pro- 
perty to  the  royal  cause ;  for,  on  July 
12th,  1643,  he  writes,  "I  sent  my 
black  manege  horse  and  furniture  to 
his  Ma*'«  then  at  Oxford." 

The  character  of  the  second  pane  is 
to  obvious  as  to  require  less  comment. 
The  letters  are  not  traced  with  such 
scrupulous  neatness  as  in  the  other, 
and  the  second  word  of  the  second  line 
is  particularly  indistinct.  They  run 
thus: 

Thou  th;it  betrayst  mee  to  this  flame, 
Thy  power  be  to  quench  the  same. 

Though  unauthenticatcd  by  n  sig- 
nature, the  fact  of  this  pane  having 
been  found  in  company  with  one  of 
undoubted  authenticity,  the  similarity 

•  Diary,  1827,  vol.  i.  p.  18. 
t  DUuj,  voL  u  p.  53. 


of  character,*  and,  above  all,  the  artis- 
tical  delineation  of  a  burning  heart, 
with  an  eye  dropping  compassionate 
tears  on  it,  a  fair  specimen  of  the  prac- 
tical address  of  the  author  of  "Chal- 
cography, may  outweigh  doubts  and 
suspicions  ;  and,  indeed,  if  no/ Evelyn's 
work,  still  there  is  such  quaintness, 
originality,  and  sentiment  in  the  "con- 
ceite"  that  an  illustrious  paternity 
would  scarcely  enhance  its  merits. 
Unfortunately  '  for  the  lovers  of  ro- 
mance, no  trace  of  the  tender  passion 
under  the  influence  of  which  this  soft 
sentence  was  graved  on  the  glass  is 
perceptible  in  Evelyn's  Diary. 

O  nymph  !  unrelenting  and  cold  as  thou 
art, 
This  heart  is  as  proud  as  is  thine  own, 

was  not  his  language.  On  the  con- 
trary, he  informs  us  of  his  marriage 
in  164C-7  with  Mary,  the  daughter  of 
Sir  Nicholas  Brown,  without  the 
slightest  preliminary  hint  of  the  state 
of  his  affections.  Yet,  from  an  entry 
in  his  Diary  at  Naples  in  1644-5  (to 
which  the  courteous  reader  will  permit 
me  merely  to  refer  him),  it  may  with 
perfect  fairness  be  inferred  that  the 
impenetrable  sgis  of  a  virtuous  and 
faithful  love  defended  him.  The 
entries  in  Evelyn's  Diary  rarely  bear 
upon  matters  of  a  private  nature,  and 
it  would  be  injudicious  to  deduce  from 
his  silence  on  the  subject  of  his  youth- 
ful attachments  that  he  was  unsus- 
ceptible of  the  nobler  impressions  of 
love.  Throughout  the  Diary  it  must 
be  observed  that  a  predominant  feature 
of  his  character  was  a  calm  sedateness, 
with  a  reluctance  to  be  involved  in 
intrif^ues  of  any  kind,  whether  politi- 
cal or  private  ;  the  single  exception  of 
his  affair  with  Colonel  Morley,  on 
the  subject  of  the  surrender  of  the 
Tower  to  Charles  II.  being  honourable 
to  his  principles  as  a  consistent  royal- 
ist. 

Yours,  &C.  FrBDBRIC  A.  MALLBSOlf. 

♦  We  do  not  agree  with  our  corre- 
spondent in  regarding  the  writing  on  the 
two  panes  to  be  unquestionably  from  the 
same  hand,  though  both  are  probably 
coeval.  In  the  first  quarry  the  inscrip- 
tion is  indisputably  proved  to  be  Evelyn's 
by  his  peculiar  signature.  The  writing  of 
the  second  quarry  is  less  clear  than  that  of 
the  first ;  and  the  word  read  by  our  cor- 
respondent "  power"  is  posiiblj^  miitaken. 


Ma»  Urban,  Hnddersfidd,  March  6. 

IN  a  fonner  paper  I  was  anxious  to 
shew,  from  the  evidence  of  the  Domes- 
day Survey,  that  at  the  date  of  that 
venerable  dociiraent  the  number  of 
placea  of  worahip,  by  whatever  name 
Iheyweredesignated,  whether  churches 
or  chapels  or  oratorica,  was  far  greater 
than  the  examiaation  of  the  returna  of 
the  Inquisitors  would  lead  us  to  be- 
lieve* I  wa5  led  to  this  conclusion 
from  observing  the  very  great  number 
of  places  that  are  to  be  found  in  Domes- 
day, in  different  counties  which  have 
the  syllable  chrrchc,  chircc,  circe. 
eherche,  &c.  prefixed,  yet  have  no 
mention  of  the  existence  of  any  church 
in  the  Survey,  With  respect  to  many 
of  these,  it  is  more  than  probable  that 
they  were  destroyed  by  the  ravages  of 
theDonish  invaders,  who,  being  pagans 
as  well  as  savages,  spared  neither 
church  nor  cloister.  But  it  could  not 
be  the  case  with  all:  for  in  the  days  of 
King  Canute,  not  many  years  before 
the  iUxie  of  Domesday,  many  new 
churches  were  built,  and  so  great  was 
his  zeal  tn  the  cause  of  Christian tty, 
that  he  framed  a  system  of  ecclesiasti- 
cal laws  containing  twenty-aii  canons, 
of  which  the  first  four  enlarge  and 
secure  the  protection  of  the  Church. 
At  the  period  of  the  landing  of  the 
Duk©  of  Normandy,  the  number  of 
new  erections  dedicated  to  Divine 
worship  had  prodigiously  increased, 
and  the  numbers  both  of  the  secular 
and  regular  clergy  had  increased,  and 
their  possessions  still  more*  But,  ac- 
cording to  the  Saxon  laws,  churches 
were  ranged  into  three  orders : 

1st.  The  ealdan  mynstre,  or  mother 
church, 

2nd*  The  church  having  a  leger- 
stowe,  or  place  of  burial* 

3rd*  The  feld  cyric,  field  kirk,  or 
chapel  without  a  cemetery. 

In  the  Leges  Eadgari,  par.  2,  the 
word  e&ldan  mynttrc  appears  fome* 
timet  to  mean  the  cathedral  church; 
but  more  generally  applies  to  those 
churches  of  antient  erection  to  which 
iithe$  were  due,  such  as  occur  in  seve- 
ral parts  of  the  Domesday  Survey. 
But,  besides  these^  there  were  in  the 
iufancy  of  Christianity  in  this  island 
structures  of  a  smaller  kind,  sufficient 
perhaps  for  the  eaily  converts^  in  the 
then  thinly  populated  state  of  the 
country*      We  know  that  this  was 

GEjiTt  MjiG,  Vol,  XXJ. 


actually  the  case  from  the  authority  of 
the  venerable  Dede,  who  wrote  in  the 
early  part  of  the  eighth  century,  and 
who,  af\er  informing  us  that  Paulinus 
was  diligently  employed,  under  the 
auspices  of  Edwyn,  in  preaching  and 
baptizing  throughout  the  provinces  of 
Deira  and  flernicia,  and  that  h« 
usually  resorted  to  the  banks  of  rivers 
for  the  convenience  of  baptizing,  pro- 
ceeds to  say,  "  Nondum  enim  oratoria 
vel  baptlsteria  in  ipso  exordio  nascen- 
tia  ibi  ecdesiee  poterant  aedificari,  at- 
tamen  io  Campodono,  ubi  tunc  villa 
regia  crat,  fecit  basilicam."  From 
this  passage  we  learn  that^  about  the 
year  625,  Paulinus  established  a  ba- 
silica in  Campodono,  which,  except 
the  church  of  York,  was  the  only 
place  of  worship  in  the  Northumbrian 
kingdom  in  his  day  i  but,  at  the  time 
Bede  wrote  his  history,  more  than  a 
century  had  elapsed  since  Paulinus 
preached,  and  during  that  time  both 
oratories  and  churches  and  chapels 
had  increased*  Paulinus,*  it  is  true, 
after  the  fall  of  the  great  King  Edwin, 
was  obliged  to  abandon  his  flock,  but 
shortly  afterwards  a  successor  of  no 
less  piety  and  learning  wai  raised  up 
in  the  person  of  Aid  an,  who  wa^  ap- 
pointed Bishop  of  Lindisfarneor  Holy 
Island.  By  the  labours  of  Aidan  and 
many  other  pious  miasotnaries,  the 
Northumbriana  were  soon  recalled 
from  their  apostacy,  and,  unless  many 
other  oratories  and  baptisteries  had 
been  founded  ^ince  the  time  of  Pau- 
linos, where  would  have  been  the  pro- 
priety of  the   expression   not   at  yti 


*  In  a  former  paper  1  eniimeraled  the 

charches  in  the  wapentakes  d  Afbrigg 
snd  MorleVr  indadtwl  in  the  Dome»day 
Surrey*  The  church  of  Dcwibury  is  one 
of  these,  and  is  regarded  as  the  parent  of 
most  of  the  early  churches  afterwards 
erected.  The  followiog  inscription  is 
placed  on  ii  crosii*  which  at  present  aUudt 
St  the  east  end  of  the  chancel,  on  the  out- 
side of  the  church:  *'  Paulinus  hie  ytm* 
dicavit  et  celebravit.  A-D.  6^*7 ."  This  is, 
however,  not  the  identical  Saxon  wheel 
crois,  but  a  fiic ^simile  of  it,  made,  proba- 
bly, from  Camden's  traditionary  co}*/. 
It  if  probable  that  basilicK  or  on  *  Ti-*  i  rid 
small  wood -built  ^rnirr"-  ' 

by  Paulinus  in  som 
in  others.     T*" 
however*  w— 
«rccttoti«J 


On  the  number  of  AngJo-Saxon  Chwrches. 


bbC 


(Dondam  ,  were  they  able*   to  erect 
ormtorie*  and  bapti-sterk;.    But  duricz 
the    three    succeeding    ccntaries,  and 
e^pectally  from  the  LreziDniog  of  the 
tenth  tu  tl.e  middle   uf  the   eleventh 
century,  vast  fuics  were  raised  for  the 
erection    of  cathedrals,    monasteries, 
and  churches^  in  all  parts  of  Kngland, 
«o  that  we  are  told  by  one  writer  that, 
at  ihc  dtath  of  Kdward  the  Confessor, 
a  third  of  the  lands  of  England  were 
devoted  to  religious  purposes,  and.  as 
each,  exempted  from  all  taxes,  and  for 
the  mo!>t  part  even  from  military  ser- 
vice*.-*-     Sir  Henry  Spelman.  though 
well  acr{uaioted  ^ith  the  Domesday 
Survey,    «cems   to  have  adopted  the 
authority  of  Sprott,  who  lived  about 
1274,  and  who,  speaking  of  William 
the   Conqueror,   says,   **  Fecit    etiam 
totam  Angliam  describi,  quantum  terric 
quis  baronum  possedit  et  quot  feoda- 
tos  et  milites.  quot  canicatos  ct  vil- 
lanos,  quo!que  ecclesiarom  dignitates. 
Kt  repcrtum  fuit  primo  de  summa  Ec- 
ciciiarum  XLV.    M.    XI."      So  that 
here  we  have  two  authorities,  one  that 
of  Sprott's  Chronicle,   which   asserts 
that  at  the  time  of  the  formation  of 
the     Domesday    Survey    there    were 
found   to   be   no  less   than  fortf-ftt 
thousand   and   elevtm    jtarivh    churches 
vithtH  the  kingdom,  while  the  whole 
number  actually  noticed  in  the  Survey 
itself  amounts   to  a  few    more  than 
ir^K).     Possibly  Sprott's  account  may 
be  very  erroneous,  and  the  number  of 
churches  given  in  his  Chronicle  far  too 
great ;  but  the   Domesday  Survey  is 
certainly  not  to  be  considered  as  in  all 
respicts  a  correct  record  of  the  whole 
number  of   churches   existing   about 
the  time  of  the  Conquest.     This,  in- 
deed, is  the  opinion  of  Sir  Henry  Ellis, 
who,   in    his   general  introduction   to 
DoincMlay,  slates,  "  that  unexception- 
able evidence  has  been  adduced  of  the 
existence  of  one  church  in  Kent,  and 
of   several    others    in    Northampton- 
shire, which  certainly  arc  not  noticed 
in  the  Survey ;  and  in  Oxfordshire  no 
notice  whatever  is  taken  of  the  church 
of  Dorchester,  although  the  scat  of  a 
bi^ihoprick  had   been   removed  from  it 
but  a  hhort  time  before  tlic  taking  of 
the  survey."    That  there  must  have 

*  Literally,  **  could  not  l)C  erected  as 
yet  in  the  infancy  of  the  Church,"  \c. 
t  Spelman,  Glo*s,  p.  3J>6. 


[Jone^ 


been  a  very  great  increase  of  charches 
in  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Confessor, 
is  evident  from  one  of  the  laws  mscribed 
to  that  king,  wherein  it  is  asserted 
that  in  many  places  there  were  three 
or  four  churches,  where,  in  former 
times,  there  was  but  one.  I  have 
already  mentioned  that,  at  the  death  of 
the  Confessor,  a  large  proportion  of 
the  wealth  of  England  was  devoted  to 
ecclesiastical  purposes.*  This  was  well 
known  to  the  Norman  Conqueror,  and 
soon  after  he  was  seated  in  the  throne 
of  England  he  seems  to  have  fomed 
the  design  of  depriving  the  most  emi- 
nent of  the  English  clergy  of  their 
emoluments  and  dignities  in  the 
Church,  and  of  conferring  them  on  his 
countrymen,  or  upon  persons  on  whose 
loyalty  he  could  depend.  It  seemed  a 
matter  of  small  consequence  to  him 
what  number  of  churches  there  were 
in  England,  unless  it  could  be  shown 
that  some  substantial  endowment  was 
annexed.  The  man  that  could,  as  ia 
commonly  reported,  destroy  thirty-six 
churches,  in  order  to  enlarge  the  new 
forest  in  Hampshire,  has  not  mach 
claim  to  our  respect  as  a  benefactor  to 
the  Church.  It  was  the  landed  pro- 
perty of  the  clergy  upon  which  his 
eyes  were  fixed,  and  this  is  the  reason 
tnat  all  those  churches  and  other  re- 
ligious edifices,  to  which  no  glebe  of 
any  quantity  was  attached,  are  either 

*  We  are  told,  moreover,  that  at  this 
period  prodigious  snms  were  expended  in 
the  purchase  of  relics,  that  the  roads 
between  England  and  Rome  were  so 
crowded  with  pilgrims,  that  the  very  toUa 
they  paid  were  objects  of  importance  to 
the  princes  through  whose  territories 
they  passed,  and  very  few  Englishmen 
imagined  they  could  get  to  Heaven  with- 
out paying  this  compliment  to  St.  Peter, 
who  kept  the  keys  of  the  celestial  regions. 
The  Poi>e  and  Roman  clergy  carried  on  a 
very  lucrative  traffic  in  rdics,  of  which 
they  never  wanted  inexhaustible  stores — 
kings,  princes,  and  wealthy  prelates,  pur- 
chased pieces  of  the  cross,  or  whole  legs 
and  arms  of  Apostles  ;  while  others  were 
obliged  to  be  contented  with  the  toes  and 
fingers  of  inferior  saints.  Agelnoth, 
archbishop  of  Canterbury,  when  he  was 
at  Rome,  A.D.  lOl^l,  purchased  from  the 
Pope  an  arm  of  St.  Augustin  for  one 
hundred  talents,  or  six  thousand  pounds 
weight  of  silver,  and  one  talent,  or  sixty 
pounds  weight  of  gold.  Vide  Henry, 
Hist,  of  Britain,  vol.  iii.  p.  996. 


1844.] 


On  ike  number  of  Amglo'Suxon  Churches. 


387 


entirely  Diaittcd  or  at  jlU  events  raen- 
titmed  incidentally ^  or  for  some  object 
that  might  seem  of  coRse<iuence  at  the 
lime  of  the  entry.  It  is  clear  then 
that  we  can  draw  no  conclusion  from 
Domesday  of  the  number  of  parish 
churches,  still  less  of  the  chapels  and 
oratories,  and  other  religious  endow- 
ments that  we  read  of  in  the  Saion 
times. 

At  the  end  of  the  enumeration  of 
the  lands  of  Tovi»  in  Norfolk,  Domes- 
dii3%  torn.  ii.  fol,265,  it  is  said  "Om*8 
cccl'e  s't  in  p*tio  c*  raaneriis/'  yet  we 
Ju  not  find  that  one  of  all  these 
churches  is  separately  entered. 

We  find  often  enough  the  words  "  Ibi 
lecclesiai  Preabyter/'but  seldom  with- 
out some  endowment,  sometimes  in 
land,  as  e.  g.  a  certain  number  of  hides 
or  carucates,  with  so  many  villani,  &c. 
fio  that  the  first  object  appears  to 
be  a  return  of  the  landed  property 
and  its  appendages,  not  the  number 
of  the  churches,  except  when  con- 
nected with  the  land.  There  are 
exceptions,  I  admit,  hut  not  such 
as  to  invalidate  the  general  rule.  In 
aome  counties  indeed,  as  Somerset^ 
Devon,  and  CornwaU  and  some  few 
others,  if  the  account  in  Domesday  is 
to  be  relied  upon,  there  were  scarcely 
any  parish  churches.  In  Dorsetshire 
the  number  is  not  great.  The  same 
raay  be  said  of  some  other  counties ; 
but  is  it  to  be  believed  that  no  places 
of  worship  existed  in  these  parts  ?  la 
it  prot>able  that  the  Anglo- Saxoas, 
who,  to  their  honour  he  it  spoken,  sent 
missionaries  abroad  to  spread  the  con- 
solations of  Christianity  among  their 
continental  ancestors  and  the  neigh- 
bouring nations,  would  make  no 
spiritual  provtsioo  for  its  introduction 
at  home  ?  There  is  reason  to  believe 
that  in  those  very  counties  where  there 
is  hardly  any  notice  of  a  church  in 
Domesday,  such  places  of  worship  did 
eiist  in  times  anterior  to  the  Saxon 
invasion ;  for  wehave  accounts  of  tombs 
and  shrines  of  British  saints,  which 
show  tbe  existence  of  Christian  places 
of  worship,  when  those  counties  were 
occupied  by  the  ancient  Britons. 
Camden  tells  us,  that  near  Leskerd 
was  a  church  formally  called  S.  Guevir, 
(which  in  British  signifies  a  phyaictan); 
where,  as  Asser  tells  us.  King  Alfred, 
while  he  was  in  the  midst  of  his  dcvo> 
tloos,  recovered  of  a  fit  of  dickAess* 


Other  instances  of  a  similar  kind  arc 
mentioned  by  Camden,  tending  to 
show  that  Christianity  flourished  in 
very  early  times  in  Uiesc  very  counties, 
which,  according  to  Domesday,  have 
scarcely  any  cftureh  at  alL  In  short, 
this  part  of  the  kingdom  was  famous 
for  its  veneration  of  Irish  saints,  as 
well  as  their  own,  io*>omuch  that  be- 
tween both  there  w^as  hardly  a  town 
but  what  was  consecrated  to  someone 
of  them.  The  little  village  of  Saint 
Burien's  was  formerly  called  Eglis 
Buriens,  i.  e,  church  of  Buriand^ 
a  certain  Irish  saint ;  and  it  is  after- 
wards stated  that  King  Atbelstan  built 
a  church  here,  and,  unless  it  was  after- 
wards destroyed  by  the  Danes,  it  seems 
improbable  that  it  should  not  be  in 
existence  in  the  Conqueror's  time. 

In  the  Lansd.  MSS.  there  is  a  charter 
of  liberties  conferred  by  Athetstan  to 
the  church  and  town  of  Beverley.  I  find 
no  mention  in  Domesday  of  any  such 
chorch,wh  icb  (if  this  charter  is  genuine) 
must,  one  would  think,  have  been 
standing  at  the  period  of  the  survey. 
If  this  charter  is  to  be  relied  upon, 
Athelstan  further  endowed  the  church 
with  sac  and  soc  and  thol  and  thcim, 
and  granted  u  perpetual  college  of 
secular  canons,  consisting  of  seven 
priests,  ta  celebrate  masses  and  per- 
form the  rites  of  divine  service  in  the 
church  ;  and  Dugdale  tells  us  that  the 
right  of  sanctuary  was  then  first  vested 
in  the  church  of  St.  John  by  the  pious 
mun  ificence  of  Athelstan,  and  afridstol,* 
or  chair  of  peace,  viras  placed  near  the 
altar,  as  an  emblem  of  protection  to 
the  refugee. 

If  I  do  not  greatly  mistake,  the  task 
would  be  no  very  difficult  one  to  dis- 
cover many  more  such  instances  of 
omission  of  churches  in  Domesday, 
some  perhaps  from  carelessness,  others 
designedly,  either  from  the   motive  1 

*  Camden  has  preserved  the  following 
ioscriptioo,  said  to  bate  been  cngrnTen 
on  the  originftl  fridetol.  **  H«c  scdes 
lapidea  Freedstool  dieitur;  i.  e,  Pacis 
Cathedra,  ad  quam  reus  fu^eodoperv  eniens 
omniioodam  hftbet  securitAtem*' 

A  »Ututc  of  Edward  II.  nrovided, 
that  *'  so  long  as  the  criminals  he  in  the 
church,  they  shall  be  supplied  with  the 
necessaiiea  of  life/'  a»d  be  permitted 
**  exirc  libere  pro  obscacno  pondcrc  dcpo* 
nendo/* 


On  ike  number  of  Anglo-Saxon  Churtkei. 


588 

have  already  stated,  or  to  answer  some 
general  scheme  of  policy,  which  the 
critical  position  of  the  conqueror  might 
render  expedient.  Had  either  one  or 
the  other  of  the  two  words  Ecclesia 
or  Presbyter  been  annexed  to  the  name 
of  the  towns  I  have  alloded  to,  we 
might  have  regarded  it  as  sufficient 
evidence  of  a  then  existing  church,  for 
it  is  possible  that  the  officers  of  the 
Exchequer,  who  abridged  the  returns, 
might  consider  the  single  entry  of 
Presbyter  as,  in  most  cases,  implying 
the  existence  of  a  church.  Such  in- 
deed we  find  to  be  the  case  in  Leicester- 
shire, where  we  meet  with  an  enume- 
ration of  Presbyteri  at  no  less  than 
forty- one  places  in  that  county,  yet 
it  is  only  in  the  town  of  Leicester  that 
we  find  the  word  Ecclesia  used. 

There  is  another  circumstance  too 
which  I  find  it  difficult  to  explain  in 
the  survey  relating  to  the  tithes  of 
churches  and  circset.  I  have  already 
alluded  to  the  ecclesiastical  laws  of 
Canute,  in  which  are  enumerated  all 
the  dues  payable  to  the  clergy,  as  tithes 
of  corn  and  cattle,  Rome  scot,  church 
scot,  and  the  payment  of  them  secured 
by  various  penalties,  &c.  One  would 
have  imagined  that  the  support  he 
had  met  with  from  the  see  of  Rome, 
would  have  induced  the  Conqueror  so 
far  to  preserve  the  appearance  at  least, 
if  not  the  reality,  of  respect  to  the 
church,  as  to  cause  inquiry  to  be  made 
on  the  liabilities  of  the  land  to  the 
church  ;  not  a  word  of  it  is  mentioned 
in  the  instructions  to  the  Inquisitors. 
They  were  ordered  to  inquire  into  the 
name  of  the  place,  who  held  it  in  the 
time  of  King  Edward,  who  was  the 
present  possessor,  how  many  hides  in 
the  manor,  how  manv  carucates  in 
demesne,  how  many  homagers,  how 
many  villans,  how  many  cotarii,  how 
many  servi,  what  freemen,  how  many 
tenants  in  socage,  what  quantity  of 
wood,  how  much  meadow  and  pasture, 
what  mills  and  fish  ponds,  how  much 
added  or  taken  away,  what  the  gross 
value  in  King  Edward's  time,  what  the 
present  value,  and  how  much  each 
freeman  or  sochman  had  or  has. 
Such  are  the  exact  terms  of  the  In- 
quisition. Historians  however,  it  must 
he  confessed,  do  not  entirely  agree 
respecting  the  nature  of  the  returns 
required;  some  say  a  return  was  ordered 
to  be  made  "  quot  animalia,"  others 


[June^ 


take  no  notice  whatever  of  any  retam 
of  live  stock.  The  writer  of  the  Saxon 
Chronicle  coolly  tells  us,  that  not  a 
hyde,  or  yardland,  not  an  ox,  cow«  or 
hog  were  omitted  in  the  censas  ;  and 
Brompton  even  adds,  "quot  ecdesie 
parochiales."  But  it  is  more  than 
probable  that  all  these  and  other  varia- 
tions were  suggested  by  a  partial  ex- 
amination of  the  returns.  Such  is  the 
opinion  of  the  ablest  writers.  The 
Saxon  Chronicle  does  indeed  sissert 
that  King  William  permitted  an  ac- 
count to  be  taken  of  the  lands  of  the 
archbishops,  diocesan  bishops,  and 
abbots  ;  but  those  who  trace  the  policy 
of  the  Conqueror,  the  speedy  deposi- 
tion of  these  prelates,  and  the  sabsti- 
tution  of  foreigners  in  their  place,  may 
perhaps  not  give  him  much  credit  for 
this  concession. 

One  would  imagine,  from  the  slight 
mention  of  tithes  in  the  survey,  that 
all  such  churches  as  were  unendowed 
with  land  must  have  derived  their 
support  entirely  bv  voluntary  obla- 
tions, or  by  church  scot  or  masses. 
In  six  counties  the  word  "  decimse" 
is  not  so  much  as  once  mentioned, 
and  in  none  are  tithes  introduced 
except  incidentally  ;  yet  the  payment  of 
tithes  is  several  times  enjoined  in  the 
Saxon  laws,  and  it  is  expressly  for- 
bidden*  that  the  clergy  of  one  parish 
should  entice  the  parishioners  of 
another  for  the  sake  of  their  tithes.  It 
should  seem  that  the  lay  owner  was 
at  liberty  to  select  such  church  as  he 
preferred,  and  the  consecration  of 
tithes  made  to  that  church  was  the 
ordinary  practice.  By  the  testimony 
of  the  two  shires  of  Nottingham  and 
Derby,  "  De  Stori  antecessore  Walterii 
de  Aincurt  d'nt  q'd  sine  alicuj'  licentia 
potuit  facere  sibi  jcccl'am  in  sua  terra 
*)  in  sua  soca  i  suam  decimam  mitiere  q„ 
vtllet,"  In  another  place  we  find  the 
tithe  of  a  ruined  church  transferred  to 
the  priest  of  another  parish.  It  seems 
that  from  5  to  20  acres  formed  the 
usual  extent  of  what  was  to  support 
the  church. 

There  is  one  entry  in  Berkshire  both 
of  the  value  of  the  dues  of  the  church 
as  well  as  the  tithes,  but  they  were 
held   of   the  Crown,   and  a    certain 


•  In  the  Liber  Legnm  Eedesissticanunt 
printed    in  WiUdns'    CencUiar   ^o^  I* 


On  ihe  twmbir  of  Anglo*Sax(m  Churches, 


?uaQtity  of  land  is  alao  mentioned. 
n  Sulfolk,  under Tornai,  we  have  men- 
tion made  of  a  church  in  King  Ed  ward's 
tiDie  of  one  carucate  of  laodi  of  which 
Hugo  de  Mont  fort  has  23  acres^  which 
he  revokes  in  favor  of  a  certain  chapct^ 
which  four  brothers,  freemen  of  Hugo, 
erected  on  their  own  land  near  the 
cemetery  of  the  mother  church  ;  and 
theae  four  brothers  w^ere  inhabitants 
of  the  parish  of  the  mother  churchy 
which  was  insufificieot  to  accommodate 
the  whole  parish.  One  ha(f  qf  the 
burial  dues  belonged  to  the  churchy  ajs 
well  as  a  fourth  part  of  other  offerings  j 
but  whether  the  chapel  had  been  con- 
secrated or  not  the  hundred  were  un- 
able to  say.  Here  the  chapel  was 
built  near  the  cemetery  of  the  mother 
church  J  butj  whether  divine  service 
waa  performed  io  it  in  the  same  manner 
as  the  mother  churchy  or  whether  one 
or  more  priest  resided  in  the  parish,  is 
DOt  said«  There  was  a  well- known 
SaJ(on  law,  that  if  a  thcgn  had  erected 
a  church  in  his  boclande,  having  a 
place  of  burial/  he  was  to  give  to 
the  church  one  third  of  his  own 
tenths ;  if  he  had  not  a  burial  place, 
he  was  to  give  what  he  chose  out 
of  the  nine  parts.  The  practice  of 
burying  within  cities  commenced 
among  the  Saxons  many  ages  before 
the  Conquest.  Cuthbert,  the  eleventli 
bishop  from  Augustin,  obtained  leave 
to  make  cemeteries  within  cities* 
The  inference  to  be  drawn  irom  this 
(9,  that  before  that  time  the  custom  was 
to  mter  the  dead  at  a  distance  fiom 
the  living.  I  find  in  the  county  of 
Suffolk  a  church  mentioned  to  which 
nine  freemen  gave  20  acres  for  the 
good  of  their  souls  ;  but  the  soul  sceat 
did  not  always  consist  of  land ;  but 
there  can  he  no  doubt  that  the  revenues 
of  the  Church  were  materially  indebted 
to  this  custom,  for  it  appears  in  all  the 
wills.  If  the  body  was  burted  out  of 
ilie  "  riht  scire  "  or  parish,  the  soul's 
sceat  was  to  be  paid  to  the  minister  to 
which  be   belonged^      it  was   to   be 


t*  According  to  Sdden,  lo  ets«iitUl  wm 
the  circvmstance  of  &  oemetery  to  the  ruu- 
atitution  of  a  churchy  that  even  lu  \a\.v  w 
Henry  HL^  in  a  caae  of  quart  impwdU^ 
the  iisae  was  not  whtther  ii  irtrf  a  ckmreh 
or  ekapti,  hut  whether  it  had  righta  of 
haptlsin  aod  sepottura, 
I 


always  given  at  the  open  ^rave*  So 
urgent  was  the  duty  of  this  practice 
felt,  that  several  of  their  gilds  were 
formed  for  the  purpose  of  providing  a 
fund  for  this  purpose.  But  this  prac- 
tice continued  many  ages  after  the 
Conquest,  and  whoever  has  perused 
the  first  volume  of  the  Wills  and  In* 
ventories,  &c,  of  the  Northern  Coun- 
ties of  England  from  the  eleventh 
century  downwards,  as  published  un- 
der the  auspices  of  the  Surteea  Society^ 
will  find  in  every  part  of  that  very  In- 
teretiting  volume  examples  of  testa- 
mentary liberality  to  the  Church. 
The  first  will  (or  rather,  as  it  has  been 
with  more  propriety  termed,  a  mor- 
tuary) contains  a  list  of  the  splendid 
robes,  plate^  &c*  of  William  de  Kari- 
lepho,  abbot  of  St.  Vincent's  in  Nor* 
mandy,  but,  after  the  Conquest^  con- 
secrated Bishop  of  Durham  in  1083. 
These  costly  ornaments  along  with 
other  articles  of  value  were  bequeathed 
to  the  monks  of  Durham.  But  I  am 
trespassing  upon  your  pages.  There 
remains  another  source  of  ecclesiastical 
revenue  in  the  Saxon  times,  church  dues* 
circ»e^  or  chirchesset,*  which  was  at  first 
a  quantity  of  corn  paid  to  the  priest  on 
St.  Martin's  day,  as  the  first- fruits  of 
the  harvest.  It  seems,  however,  to 
have  included,  especially  in  later  tifniit 
not  only  corn  but  poultiy,  or  any  other 
provision  paid  in  kind  to  the  religious. 
This  church  scot  in  many  cases  con- 
stituted  the  principal  support  of  many 
of  the  clergy,  and  yet  the  sum  total 
of  the  land  which  is  returned  aa 
subject  to  this  payment  is  very  in« 
significant.  There  are  not  a  doien 
names  of  places  in  the  whole  Survev 
where  any  «uch  payment  tsmentioDOcL 
This  seems  unaccountable  on  any  otbcf 
supposition  than  that  these  duea  were 
too  trivial  to  be  recorded,  or  if  re* 
turned  by  the  local  commissioners 
were  struck  out  for  the  »ake  of  abridg* 
ment«  or  as  irrelevant  and  unneccsaary 


*  Flats  (lib.  1 , 6. 47 1 )  Uiqi  defines  chirch- 
eiMi,  "  certam  meniaram  bUde  tritid 
■ignificat,  qtuuo  t^utlibct  otim  «nncttc  ec- 
deaiie  die  S,  Martini,  teiiii  itjm- 

norum  quam  Anglonim^  uit;'* 

and  the  Leges  Inic  My.  <  :i  dti 
reddita  tint  in  fetto  S.  Martihi  ^  •^mt 
hoe  non  oompleati  sit  rcut  ^o  >uliLl<jiuiii, 
et  doo  deeuplo  rcddat  ipsuni  eirtcsoeat- 
tma/'  d^. 


590 


Omissions  in  Doniesday  Book.^^  Halifax. 


[Jane^ 


matter.  The  jurors  in  numerous  in- 
stances framed  returns  more  compre- 
hensive than  was  required  by  the 
king's  precept,  and  in  many  instances 
there  is  reason  to  believe  that  the 
Survey  handed  down  to  us  was  less 
circumstantial  than  the  original  re- 
turnsj  from  which  they  were  excerpted. 
And  when  it  is  considered  that,  from 
the  Tery  nature  of  the  questions  pro- 

eounded  in  the  king's  precept,  none 
at  persons  long  resident  in  each 
district  could  give  accurate  infor- 
mation, and  that  to  Saxon  proprietors 
the  most  Taluable  portion  of  the  re- 
turns was  due,  what  more  likely  than 
that  in  some  more  remote  and  less  cul- 
tivated districts,  where  the  inhabitants 
were  in  a  Tery  rude  and  barbarous 
state,  there  snould  be  a  difficulty 
in  many  instances  in  finding  persons 
competent  to  give  the  requisite  in- 
formation ;  and,  admitting  that  such 
qualified  persons  were  found,  the  Saxon 
tongue  was  so  little  cultivated  by  the 
Norman  scribes,  that  they  were  very 
likely  to  commit  a  mistake  in  trans- 
lating or  in  transcribing  such  returns. 
One  such  mistake  I  find  in  this  neigh- 
bourhood in  the  name  of  a  village, 
which  in  the  Survey  is  printed  Hep- 
tone  instead  of  Ueatone,  the  letter  a 
being  changed  into  p.    The  village  is 

E laced  in  the  proper  place  betwixt 
leptone  and  Dalton,  and  is  now  known 
by  the  name  of  Kirkheaton,  a  church 
having  been  erected  there  subsequently 
by  one  of  the  Lacies.  Had  there  not 
been  in  the  survey  another  village 
spelt  Hoptone  I  should  have  thought 
it  possible  that  Heptone  was  a  mis- 
spelling for  Hopton,  another  village 
not  very  distant ;  and  there  are  other 
marks,^  if  I  mistake  not,  of  careless 
transcribing  on  the  part  of  the  Nor- 
man scribes. 

It  has  often  been  a  subject  of  sur- 
prise that  Halifax,  which  is  the  capital 
of  one  of  the  largest  and  most  populous 
parishes  in  the  kingdom,  should  not  be 
named  in  Domesday  when  several  other 
villages  around  it  are  enumerated,  such 
as  Eland,  Ouram,  Hipperholm,  Stain- 
land,  Greetland,  Fixby,  Rastrick,  &c. 
What  may,  perhaps,  add  to  our  sur- 
prise is  the  well- authenticated  fact 
that  a  church  at  Halifax  is  mentioned 
in  existence  not  long  after  the  Con- 
quest,    yet   after  the  completion  of 


Domesday,  and  going  under  the 
name  of  a  rectory.*  How  then  shall 
we  account  for  the  omission  ?  It  was 
quite  impossible,  had  such  a  town  or 
even  village  as  Halifax  existed  at  the 
period  of  the  Domesday  survey,  that 
Uie  Inquisitors  should  have  overlooked 
it,  seeing  that  so  many  of  the  circum- 
jacent townships  are  recorded.  The 
truth  is  that  the  term  Halifax  or  Hali 
faich  or  fas,  the  holy  forest,  (for  fach 
is  an  ancient  name  for  forest,)  was 
applied  to  the  forest,  in  which  there 
was  an  hermitage  dedicated  to  St. 
John  the  Baptist,  where,  in  fact,  the 
parish  church  now  stands.  In  the 
ages  before  the  Conquest  it  was  em- 
bosomed in  woods,  and  the  sanctity 
in  which  the  hermitage  was  held  at- 
tracted a  constant  influx  of  pilgrims 
from  the  surrounding  districts.  Cam- 
den's account  of  Halifax  tells  us  "  that 
at  first  it  was  a  hermitage  of  very  great 
antiquity,  and  the  church  that  now 
is  built  from,  or  rather  added  to,  a 
ehapel  long'sincc  built,  was  consecrated, 
and  dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Baptist, 
who  is  styled  by  some  ancients  the 
first  father  of  hermits ;  and  in  which 
place,  they  pretend,  was  kept  the  real 
face  of  St.  John  the  Baptist ;  hence  was 
it  named  Halifax  or  holj  face."  Others 
derive  the  word  from  the  Norman  word 
fax,  signifying  hair,  in  allusion  to  an 
idle  fable,  which,  as  it  is  on  all  hands 
regarded  as  a  monkish  invention  for 
mercenary  purposes,  I  will  not  trouble 
your  readers  with  on  this  occasion. 
But  it  seems  to  me  that  neither  of  these 
latter  derivations  is  the  true  one,  but 
that  the  name  was  given  to  the  place 
from  the  situation  of  the  hermitage  in 
a  forest ;  hence  it  was  called  Hali  fachf 
or  sacer  boscus.|  It  was  situate  in  a 
dark  and  solemn  grove  on  the  bank  of 

♦  Vide  Dr.  Whitaker's  Loidis  et  El- 
mete,  p.  331. 

t  In  Glossaria  of  Ducange  and  others  1 
find  the  word  **  fachia  "  interpreted  "  sylva 
ex  arboribus  incaedois/'that  is,  a  wild  wood 
of  unpruned  trees,  a  fit  site  for  a  her- 
mitage or  hermitory.  Facbia  is  also  trans- 
lated Gallic^  futaye. 

\  John  de  Sacro-bosco,  author  of  the 
Treatise  de  Spheerft,  is  said  to  have  been 
bom  in  Halifax. 

Dr.  Wbitaker  derives  the  name  of  Hali- 
fax from  Hali,  and  an  old  plural  noun  fax, 
in  Norman  French  denoting  **hiffk  wayt" 


llUptitmcy  oftlie  Stnclairs  of  VihsUr* 


a  small  rivtilet,  possibly  for  the  con- 
vcn t en ccofbaptiziogtbc  early  Christian 
converts,  and  it  would  have  been  dif- 
fitult  to  have  found  in  the  whole 
diatrict  a  place  of  greater  privacy  and 
retirement*  or  (as  the  face  of  things 
then  stood)  one  better  calculated  for 
the  purposes  of  devotion,  such  as  was 
the  object  of  this  hermitage.  We  have 
no  account  of  the  period  when  the 
church  or  chapel  built  on  the  site  of 
this  hermitage  was  consecrated,  but  it 
raay  have  been  used,  and  probably 
was  used«  as  a  place  of  divine  worship 
before  the  Confjuest.  It  is  more  than 
probable  that  the  number  of  chapels 
at  the  period  of  Domesday  was  much 
greater  than  a  perusal  of  that  work 
would  lead  ua  to  suspect.  Where 
capellas  arc  mcnttoncd  it  is  generally 
in  connection  with  some  church,  but 
that  they  eKisted  independently  of  any 
Bueh  connection  we  may  be  sure  from 
the  incidental  allusions  made  to  such 
chapels.  In  Norwich,  for  instance, 
it  is  stated  that  the  inhabitants  had 
forty-three  chapels.  But  we  are  not 
told  how  they  were  supported.  (t 
must  always  be  borne  in  rnrnd  that  the 
churches  of  the  Anglo-Saxoosj  es- 
pecially in  the  earlier  periods,  were 
built  of  wood.  Of  such  materials  was 
the  first  church  in  Northumtjcrland 
bulit,  as  well  as  the  one  of  Holy 
Island.  I  am  aware  that  many  speci- 
mens of  ancient  Saxon  ecclesiastical 
architecture  are  still  adduced  in  proof 
of  the  use  of  stone  roasjonry,  but  they 
appear  chiefly  in  the  instance  of  a  few 
parish  churches  which  existed  in  Saxon 
times.  But  the  number  of  such  is  small 
when  compared  to  the  number  of 
charchea,  few  as  they  are,  that  are  re* 
corded  in  Domesday.  Of  the  great 
majority  of  unrecorded  chapels,  ora- 
tories, hermitages,  £cc.  existing  at  or 
about  the  period  of  Domesday^  the 
trunks  of  trcca  from  the  surrounding 
forest  or  the  turf,  and  occasionally* 
perhaps*  such  stone  as  might  be  dug 
on  the  spot,  constituted  the  whole 
materials  of  these  humble  yet  holy 
structures. 
Yours*  &c.    J,  K.  WAI.KEB,  MJ>» 


Ma.  Urban, 


T 1  Howe, 

March  25. 
IN  a  book  entituled  '*  Memoirs  of 
the    Life    and   Works    of    the    Right 
Honorable  Sir  John  Sinclair,  Bart./' 


written  by  his  son,  the  Rcir.  John 
Sinclair.  M.A,,  and  published  at  Edin- 
burgh in  2  vols,  crown  8vo.  1837, 
there  is  a  preliminary  account  of  the 
ancestry  of  the  Baronet,  in  which  an 
indirect  attempt  is  made  lo  engraft 
him  on  the  legitimate  stock  of  that 
branch  of  the  Sinclairs  in  which  the 
ancient  Earldom  of  Caithness  still 
exists.  The  sister  of  the  learned 
writer  is  well  known  aa  the  authoress 
of  several  amusing  though  inaccurate 
productions;  and  this  lady,  without 
the  slightest  hesitation  or  demur,  is 
incessantly  trespassing  on  the  patience 
of  her  readers  with  notices  of  her  illus- 
trious ancestors  the  Earls  of  Caithness. 
Both  brother  and  sister,  however, 
seem  to  be  ignorant  of  the  fact  that 
their  connexion  with  the  Caithness 
family  is  one  not  recognised  in  law, 
seeing  that  the  founder  of  their  family 
was  illegitimate.  This  ignorance  ia 
the  more  remarkable,  as  the  reverend 
gentleman  and  the  lady  have  a  brother 
who  follows  the  calling  or  occupation 
of  a  genealogist,  and  who  has  given 
the  world  a  tolerable  estimate  of  his 
talents  in  that  line  in  the  publication 
of  a  treatise  on  the  meaning  of  the 
words  ''beira  male"  in  the  patents  of 
Scotish  peers. 

Now  this  gentleman,  wbo^e  un* 
ceasing  inquisitivenesa  tn  all  matters 
of  pedigree  astonishes  and  delights  all 
those  who  have  the  honour  of  hia 
acquaintance,  should  have  put  his  pen 
through  the  following  passage,  which 
occurs  at  page  3  of  his  brother  John's 
memoirs  of  his  father : — 

"  George,  fifth  Earl  of  Caithness,  con- 
veyed, in  ISB6  and  1003,  the  Undg  of 
Uibster  to  Patrick  Sinclair,  whom  in  both 
grants  he  detignatefl  his  cousin.  Dying 
without  istVLt,  Patrick  was  succeeded  by 
his  brother  John«  styled  Master  (Ma- 
gister),  a  title  of  honour  peculiar  in  ika§e 
timet  to  pro/tM^ional  tcholars.  To  this 
learned  gentleman  the  same  Earl  renews 
the  former  grants,  for  the  particular  love 
and  favour  that  be  bears  towr****  hi* 
cousin  Master  John  Sinclair  of 
This  charter  was  confirmed  h' 
in  IG16.'' 

That  the    eldest 
baron   was    term< 
Master    is   unque 
that  the  word  Ma^«. 
Scotish    parlance, 
title  of  honouf    to 


4 
4 


I 


692 


IlkgUknacy  of  the  StnoktrB  of  UlMer. 


IJotit, 


here  set  forth  is  altogether  prepos- 
terousi  as,  so  far  from  being  esteemed 
an  hoDourable  distinction,  it  was 
uniformly  applied  to  professional  per- 
sons. Thus  notaries  public,  a  very 
sabordinate  class,  were  so  termed  ;  so 
were  teachers  or  dominies;  and  pro- 
bably the  highest  grade  to  whom  it 
was  assigned  were  preachers  —  thus 
the  well-known  Robert  Bruce  was 
called  "  Maister,"  so  was  John  Knox, 
Aec.  ;  the  probability  is  that  this  John 
wae  either  a  notary  public  or  a  do- 
minie. The  expression  coruanguineus 
or  cousin  proves  nothing,  as  it  was 
aot  unusual  for  the  great  feudal  lords 
of  that  period  to  style  their  vassals  or 
retainers  so,  the  more  especially  where 
they  happened  to  be  illegitimately 
connected  with  them. 

At  a  subsequent  place  the  Rev. 
John,  in  treating  of  the  descendants 
of  the  learned  John,  records  amongst 
the  most  distinguished  of  the  family 
"  John  Sinclair  of  Brims,  who  served 
during  the  thirty  years'  war  in  the 
Scotish  army,  and  Sir  George  Sinclair 
of  Clyth,"  &c.  It  is  therefore  a  fact 
that  Sinclair  of  Brims  was  a  descend- 
ant of  the  learned  Patrick ;  and,  as  the 
former  was  an  ancestor  of  the  late 
Sir  John,  it  will  admit  of  no  contro- 
rersy  that  Maister  John  Sinclair  was 
the  common  ancestor. 

The  question  therefore  comes  to  be. 
Who  was  Maister  John  ?  Now  in  the 
Oreat  Seal  Record  preserved  in  the 
General  Register  House  in  Edinburgh, 
Lib.  45,  No.  18,  there  occurs  a  le- 
gitimation dated  20  June,  1607 — 
"  Patricio  ct  Magiatro  Joanni  Sinclair 
filiis  naiuralibu9  quondam  Willi  elm  i 
Sinclair  de  A/ey."  William  Sinclair 
of  Mey  was  succeeded  in  his  estate  by 
his  younger  brother  George,  the  an- 
cestor of  the  present  Earls  of  Caith- 
ness ;  it  is  therefore  plain  that,  had  not 
Maiiter  John  been  a  bastard,  he  would 
have  inherited  the  estate  of  Mcy,  and 
his  descendant.  Sir  John  Sinclair, 
would  have  been  Earl  of  Caithness. 

The  letters  of  legitimation  are  de- 
cisive on  the  question ;  their  effect,  as 
all  Scotch  lawyers  know,  was  to 
enable  a  bastard  to  make  a  settlement 
of  his  estate,  and  the  object  of  the 
royal  licence  referred  to  was  to  enable 
Maister  John  to  succeed  to  the  lands 
of  Uibster.  The  application,  there- 
fort,  for    such    autnority  was   con- 

4 


elusive  as  to  the  illegitimacy  of  those 
who  thought  proper  to  make  it. 

To  add  further  authority  seems 
almost  unnecessary;  but  for  at  least 
160  years  afterwards  the  Uibster 
family  bore  the  distinctive  mark  of 
bastardy  upon  their  arms.  These 
marks  are  (at  least  in  Scotland)  either 
the  baton  sinister  or  the  gobonated 
border;  thus  Nesbitt  remarks  in  his 
Heraldry  (1722)—"  Bastards  are  dis- 
tinguished either  by  a  border  gobo- 
nated, or  by  a  sinister  bar."  Again 
he  says— "This  border  has  not  only 
been  used  by  the  issue  of  bastards, 
but  even  by  bastards  themselves,  so 
that  the  border  gobonated  is  become 
more  suspicious  of  being  a  sign  of 
illegitimation  than  any  other  figure  in 
heraldry  except  the  baton  sinister."*^ 
p.  13,  vol.  2.  Thus  the  Duke  of  Beau- 
fort wears  a  gobonated  border,  pro- 
bably in  consequence  of  the  double 
illegitimacy  in  his  family,  whereas 
some  at  least  of  the  ennobled  descend- 
ants of  Charles  II.  bear  only  the  baton 
sinister. 

Accordingly  Nesbitt  thus  describes 
the  arms  of  the  Brims  family — "  John 
Sinclair  of  Brimmes,  a  son  of  a  second 
marriage  of  Mr.  John  Sinclair  of 
Uibster,  descended  of  the  family  of 
May,  come  of  the  House  of  Caithness ; 
his  arms  are  "  surrounded  by  a  border 
gobonated."  Again,  Patrick  Sinclair 
of  Uibster  has  his  arms  within  a 
•'  bordure  gobonated." 

When  this  distinctive  mark  of  ille- 
gitimacy was  removed  does  not  appear, 
yet  it  could  not  have  been  much  before 
the  time  of  the  late  Sir  John  ;  indeed 
the  circumstance  was  well  known 
among  the  gentry  of  the  county  of 
Caithness,  for  during  one  of  the  po- 
litical contests  for  that  county,  when 
party  ran  high,  the  worthy  Baronet 
was  looked  upon  as  a  kind  of  notms 
hotno,  and  one  aristocrat  of  high 
family,  although  holding  the  same 
politics,  refused  to  vote  for  the  great 
agriculturist,  asserting  that  "  his 
bonnet  was  toom"  (i.e.  empty,  or  not 
tied  behind,)  meaning  thereby,  ac- 
cording to  the  phrase  in  that  part  of 
the  world,  that  he  came  of  illegitimate 
stock. 

I  observe  in  a  former  number*  a 
communication  relative  to  the  Caith- 

•  Sept.  1843,  p.  S^. 


J844] 


Family  of  Newall  of  Lancashire, 


595 


\ 


Deal  pedigree,  in  which  the  error  us  to 
the  legitimftcy  of  the  Ulbster  family 
u  poioted  out«  Probably  your  corre- 
i  pood  eat  had  not  Been  the  passage 
from  the  Memoira  of  Sir  John,  as  he 
would  undotibtedJy  in  that  eveot  have 
been  more  precise  in  hi  a  proofs. 

Yours,  &c.  Leoitimus. 


Mr.  Urban, 


Co2Je^e  0/  Amu, 
April  8. 

YOUR  accotint  of  Little  bo  rough 
chapel,  in  yonr  valuable  periodical  of 
February  last  (p.  182),  and  of  the 
praiseworthy  conduct  of  the  lady 
whoae  munificence  has  so  much  cou- 
irlboted  to  the  window  at  the  ea»t 
end.  induces  roe  to  offer  to  your 
readers  a  few  of  the  early  notices  of 
the  family  of  Newall,  of  whom  that 
lady  is  a  member^  aa  well  in  blood  as 
by  her  marriage  with  her  couiiin,  the 
present  Robert  Newall,  esq.  of  Lane 
Cottage,  near  the  family  mansion  of 
Lower  Towu  Houfic. 

The  family  of  Newall  is  one  of  those 
ancient  families  who  have  for  cen- 
turies resided  on  their  paternal  estate; 
but  in  the  retirement  of  respectable 
life,  holding  the  rank  of  yeomanry, 
which  in  former  times,  and  particu- 
larly in  the  age  when  the  Newalls 
first  settled  in  Lancashire,  formed  no 
nntmportant  portion  of  society  ;  sufH* 
ciently  elevated  beyond  the  hambler 
classes  to  preserve  a  tolerable  degree 
of  influence  and  authority  amongst 
them,  while  they  were  sheltered  in 
their  retirement  from  those  political 
storms  which  distracted  the  higher 
circles  of  the  community,  and  which 
led  to  the  ruin  of  mai^y  of  the  be^t 
families  of  the  king^lomi  and  to  the 
confiscation  of  their  estates. 

The  first  mentton  we  find  of  this 
family  is  that  of  Lawrence  Newall,  in 
a  deed,  tiat.  8th  July,  31  Hen.VI.aa  a 
grantee  for  life  of  certain  messuages 
in  the  town  of  Northowram,  being  in 
Shipden,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax, 
en.  Yorkt  with  remainder  to  his  son 
Wdliam,  and  the  heirs  of  the  said 
William  and  Isabella  his  wife,  who 
was  the  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Chris- 
topher Kyrshagh,  of  Town  Houses 
(now  called  Lower  Town  House,  the 
seat  of  Mrs.  Newall,  the  widow  of  the 
late  Lawr<>nrii  Newall,  Esq.  the  eldest 
Mr.  Robert 
epAfiah 


of  Rochdale,  and  within  the  chapelry 
of  Littleboroogh  : — **  Ita  q'd  post  de- 
ceasum  d*ci  Laurencii  omnia  p'dca 
mesuagia  tr.  &  ten'  remaneant  Wiiro 
Newall  Blio  p'dci  Laurencii  &  heredib* 
inter  ipsum  Wiirm  &  Isabel  lam  ux*em 
unam  filiarum  Xp'oferi  Kyrschagh  de 
corum  corporibus  legitime  procreai',  *" 
«ec. 

And  also  by  a  deed  of  the  tam« 
date,  Henry  Marlond,  vicar  of  Roch* 
dale,  and  Roger  VValmursley,  chaplain, 
confirmed  to  Christopher  Kyrschagh 
certain  messuages,  he,  "  in  villa  de 
HonerBfield"  for  life,  with  remainder 
aa  to  a  moiety  thereof  to  **  Elianora 
filie  d'ci  Xp'oferi  ;"  and  the  other 
moiety  to  "  Isabella  alt'  filiar'  d/ci 
Xp^'ofeOi  habend'  et  tenend'  sibi  et 
heredib'  inter  ipsam  fie  Wiirm  Newall 
de  corp'b'  eor'  legitime  p'creat ',"  fitc. 

Town  Houses  thus  came  to  the 
Newalls  by  the  match  with  Isabella, 
who  was,  with  her  sister  Eleanor,  the 
wife  of  Jordan  Chadwick,  (<j  quo  the 
Chadwtcks  of  Healy  Hall,)  a  coheir 
of  her  father,  Christopher  Kyruhagh, 
This  William  Newall  and  Isabella  his 
wife  had  issue  a  son,  Lawrence  Newall, 
who  was  living  IG  July,  18  Ed.  [V. 
when  his  father  gave  him  certain  landa 
in  *'  Schypden  infra  villam  de  North- 
owram  ;"  and  aUo  20  April,  21  Ed* 
IV.  as  by  an  indenture  of  that  date, 
by  which  it  appears  that  **  divert 
actions  have  been  moved  &  stirred 
between  Laurenc  Newatl  upon  that  one 
partie,  &  Jurdan  Chadwik  vpon  that 
other  partie,  whereuppoo  there  is  suffi- 
cient suyrte  to  per  for  me  the  ord'nunce 
&  dome  of  vs  &^  John  Assheton 
knyght,  U  John  Bnthe  squyer, 
arbri*,  chosen  of  the  p'ties  f  and  an 
award  made  to  the  effect  that  ''y* 
said  Jurdan  and  Alinor  hU  w^e,  and 
the  heyres  of  the  bodye  of  y*  said 
Alicnu'^  lawfully  begeten,  to  peacibly 
have  all  man*,  mes',  U  londcz,  the 
queche  at  any  tymc  were  of  CrUtof^r 
K^ihawe,  with''  y*  p'ochie  of  Rathe- 
dale,  called  the  Wyght  Oilers  Aounden 
the  Chogh  Milne ;"  and  that  "  the 
said  Laurmct  &  y*  heires  of  his  body 
lawfully  to  be  gclten  to  have  al* 
man'  mes*,  landes,  &  ten*,  in  the 
p'och  of  Rachdale,  y*  quech  were  sum* 
tyme  of  Cri»t&fpr  Kyrthaw^  called  the 
Townehou^eit  ^  lands  in  a**  p'oek,  be* 
twene  a  place  called  Whitfield  an4 
another  place  called  Hall- burgh/' 
4  G 


fi94 


Family  of  Sewall  of  Lancashire* 


[June^ 


Thelast-meDtioned  Lawrence  Newall 
waa  party  also  in  the  12  H*  VIL  &  13 
H.  VI IL  to  several  intlentures  of  let* 
ilement  ou  the  marriages  of  hi»  ion 
William  NewaHi  and  his  graadsoo 
Lawrence  Newall  (son  of  the  same 
William),  and  died  ante  24  H.  VUL 
leaving  a  widow,  Sibill,  of  whom, 
however,  we  have  no  account  aa  to 
her  family.  William  married  Mar- 
garet, daughter  of  John  Milne,  12  H. 
VI L  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  Lawrence. 
He  married,  secondly,  to  Jnne,  daughter 
of  Richard  Ctnyden  of  Tongton,  co. 
Lane.  13  Hen.  VUL;  and  by  the  same 
ariiclea,  which  were  dated  J 0th  Ja- 
nuary that  year,  he  covenanted  that 
his  son  Lawrence,  then  under  the  age 
of  eight  years,  should  marry  Jane,  the 
sister  of  the  said  J  one.  This  mar- 
riage, however,  was  dissolved  in  1548, 
by  reason  of  the  minority  of  the  par- 
ties, by  the  Consistory  Court  of 
Chester.  The  original  instrument  for 
effecting  that  object  is  now  in  the  pos- 
tession  of  Mrs*  Robert  Newall;  the 
seal  has  the  royal  arms,  and  the 
document  runs  in  the  name  of  the 
king«  and  hears  date  J 5th  Feb.  154S^ 
2  Edw,  VL* 

William  Newall,  just  named,  made 
his  will  17th  Sept.  1550,  describing 
himself  of  **  the  Logber  Town  House," 
and  directs  his  hurial  to  be  in  the 
parish  churchyard  of  Rochdale,  and 
appoints  his  son,  the  aforesaid  Law- 
rence, his  executor.  This  is  the  first 
document  of  a  testamentary  ticscrip* 
tion  in  this  collection  of  evidences  ; 
and  he  states  himself  to  be  mdebted 
in  the  sum  of  eight  shillings  to  '*  y* 
Lyilebrogh  chapell/*  This  will  was 
proved  11  th  Oct,  1550,  in  the  Com- 
tnissary  Court  of  Chester. 

Lawrence  Newall,  hra  son,  lived 
about  seven  years  after  the  decease  of 
hia   father,   and    in    hia    will,    dated 


•  All  the  deeds  from  which  the  familf 
pedi^ee  han  been  deduced  are  In  tht  po«- 
•estion  of  Mrs.  Robert  Newatt,  of  Lane 
Cottage,  and  are  to  an  exoeitcnt  ttat^  of 
prciiervatioD.  Nnae  of  the  seala  exhibit 
nny /amilf  armorial  beariof^,  unless  the 
si^al  of  Robert  Savile,  7  E\\i,t  who  ii 
mentioned  hercuAcr,  bariDg  the  impress 
of  an  owl,  be  an  exception ;  but,  at  no 
wreath  or  coronet  ocean,  it  has  not  the 
eharaeteruitte  f|uality  of  being  a  crest  or 
VBorial  eniifn. 


April  2,  ]557j  likewise  describes  him* 
self  of  "  the  Logher  Town  House,"  de- 
sires to  be  buried  in  Rochdale  church, 
and  gives  to  the  **  bying  of  a  chalia  or 
vestment  to  y*  Lytlebrogh  chapell  ij".** 
This  will  was  proved  before  the  Dean 
of  Manchester  19  April,  1357. 

Robert  NewaM,  son  ol  the  last- 
mentioned  Lawrence,  was  very  young 
at  his  father's  death  ;  for  in  1575  we 
find  him  in  the  guardianship  of  "  Ro- 
bert Sayvell  of  Pullayue,'*  co.  Line. 
esq.  who  by  indenture  dated  6  Feb. 
7  kUz.  grants  to  "  Henry  Scolfeld  of 
WaytorCer,  in  the  parish  of  Eachdate," 
yeoman,  the  "custody,  wardship,  and 
marriage  of  Robert  Newall,  son  and 
heir  of  Lawrence  Newall,  late  of  Lower 
Town  House  in  the  parish  of  Rachedale 
nforesaid,  deceased,  together  with  the 
governance  of  the  lands  of  the  said 
Robert  Newall,  holden  of  him  theaaid 
Robert  Say  vile  until  the  said  Robert 
Newall  shall  he  of  the  full  age  of 
twenty-one  years/'  And  the  instru- 
ment recites  that  '*  he  the  said  Robert 
Sayvde  is  very  I  aw  full  and  right  full 
guardiane  in  chyvalrye  of  the  bodye 
of  the  said  Robert  Newall.*' 

This  Robert  Newall  died  4  Feb.  23 
Elizae,  seised  of  Townhouses  and 
Caatlemore  in  Hundersfield,  as  appears 
by  an  in^,  punt  mortfm  taken  22  Sep- 
tember, i(i  Eliz,  at  Rochdale  before 
Edward  Leigh,  esq.  escheator.  He 
left  a  son,  Robert,  who  was  at  the 
decease  of  his  father  aged  only  four 
years ;  and  a  daughter,  Dorothy,  who 
became  the  wife  of  James  Kayea,  aa 
appears  by  a  bill  and  answer  pre- 
served in  the  Duchy  Court  of  l^ncaa- 
ter»  amongst  the  pleadings  of  that  year. 

The  will  of  Robert  Newall  the  father 
is  recited  in  the  pleadings  just  referred 
to.  It  bears  the  date  I  Feb.  24  Elii.* 
The  proceedings  relate  that  he  died 
seised  of  a  messuage  in  Hundersfietd« 
CO.  Lane,  as  "held  by  the  tenure  of 
knight's  service  as  of  the  manor  of 
Rochedale  of  Sir  John  Byron,  Knt," 
and  that  "the  eaid  Sir  John  Byron, 
after  the  death  of  the  testator,  poa- 
sessed  himself  of  the  bodie  of  the  aaiil 
Robert  the  son,  and  did  by  hia  deed 
grant  unto  John  BcIGeld  of  Cleggwood* 
the  wardship  of  the  aaid  Robert*" 

*  So  in  the  ori|s:inal  record  ia  thfi 
Dachy  Office,  bat  the  ioqQi«ition  atatea 
that  he  died  in  93  Elix. 


I 


J8440 


Famihf  of  Kershagh, 


595 


Robert  Newall  the  son  h^d  b(?en 
contracteil  in  marriage  when  in  hi  a 
minority  to  Alice  Bel  field  of  Rochdale  ; 
but  the  marriage,  by  reason  of  their 
minority »  wad  tJedared  void  21  Janu- 
ary 1592^  and  the  bentcnte  of  divorce 
waa  registered  at  Chester.  He  waa 
at  that  time  described  of  "Town 
Ilouae,"  and  was  then  only  fifteen  or 
sixteen  yeara  of  age.  He  died  in 
1659,  the  register  of  his  burial  at 
Rochdale  fixing  that  event  to  be  ISth 
February,  1§58  9- 

He  left  by  Mary  h la  wife  a  nu- 
ineroua  family,  of  whom  his  eldest 
son,  Robert,  waa  baptized  at  Rochdale 
in  1599-  This  Robert  Newall  married 
Mary,  the  daughter  of  Jamea  Fielden 
of  the  Haghe  in  Hundersficld,  by 
whom  he  had  Lawrence,  his  eldest 
flon,  who  died  unmarried  at  the  ad- 
vanced age  of  87*  in  the  year  1711, 
and  who  re&ided  on  the  family  estate 
of  Lower  Town  House  ;  his  brother 
William  Lawrence,  who  succeeded 
htm,  also  resided  tbere»  and  from 
whom  the  present  family  descend,* 

As  the  object  of  this  memoir  has 
been  principally  to  notice  the  early 
descents  of  this  highly  respectable 
family,  with  the  view  of  showing  the 
importance  of  preserving  family  evi- 
dences, it  will  not  be  necessary  to 
occupy  your  valuable  space  with  de- 
tails relative  to  the  modern  generations  ; 
but  it  may  be  observed  that  thia  is 
one  of  the  comparatively  rare  instances 
of  establishing  by  clear  and  satisfac- 
tory documentary  evidence,  a  con- 
tinued and  unbroken  line  of  descent 
connected  with  residence  upon  the 
family  estate  for  nearly /our  cen/arir*, 
and  of  deducing  such  descent  unas- 
sisted by  the  visitations  or  any  other 
contemporary  authority  in  a  tabular 
or  compendious  tiMm.  And,  although 
the  family  in  question  may  fairly  boast 
of  such  a  descent,  and  of  retaining 
the  estate  of  Town  Houses  from  the 
time  of  Henry  the  Sixth  to  the  present 
day»  they  may  also  congratulate  them- 
selves on  the  **  pride  of  ancestry  " 
from  a  still  more  remote  period  through 
the  Kt^rshttghs,  by  whom  that  mansion 

•  Robert  Newall,  who  married  Miss 
Flelden,  had  other  children  by  hcr^  of 
1llu>m  Jajie  married  James  Dcarden  of 
Newhouse  and  Whitfield  in  Hundersfield, 
Sentkman,  and  became  the  ancestreM  of 
ti)e  present  James  Dsardcn,  esq.  F.S.A. 
of  Rochdale , 


was  brought  to  them.  If  not  tres- 
pasaing  too  much  on  your  limits,  I 
wifl  briefly  recite  some  of  the  incidents 
connected  with  the  Kershaghs,  which 
appear  equally  interesting,  as  being 
also  illustrative  of  some  of  the  customs 
of  former  times, 

John  de  Kyrkeshagh  paid  a  rent  of 
two  shillings  to  William  dc  Litholrea 
antf  1281,  9  Ed w,  L  His  son  Matthew, 
who  was  living  at  that  time,  married 
Margery,  daughter  of  William  dc 
Litholres,  and  received  from  his  father- 
in-law  by  deed  9  £dw.  1.  a  circuit  of 
land  called  Longelghheye,  Lit  hoi  res, 
and  Milne  in  Flunersfeld,  and  his 
mother-in-law  Matilda,  in  6  Edw« 
HL  released  Litholres  to  him,  she 
then  being  a  widow.  Margery  his 
wife,  in  14  Edw.  HI.  also  released  all 
her  claim  to  her  lands  in  Honer&feld, 
on  the  river  Rache,  to  Henry  de 
Kyrke«hagh  their  son. 

Henry  de  Kyrkeshagh  had  a  son, 
'*  Galfndus  dcf  Kyrkeshagh,"  living 
44  Edw.  HL,  and  who  settled  alt  bis 
lands  in  Honersfeld,  Butterworth,  and 
Castleton  on  John  Tytheler,  Vicar  of 
Rochdale,  his  trustee,  14  Ric.  H, 
Henry's  widow,  Isabella,  in  1408,  re- 
leased to  her  son  John  de  Kyrkeshagh 
all  her  claim  in  the  lands  of  Lythollera, 
Belfeld,  and  Newbold,  in  the'*  villes" 
of  Honorafeld,  Butterworth, and  Castle- 
ton. This  John  de  Kyrkeshagh,  or 
Ktjrshfigh,  of  "Town  Houses  near 
Rochdale,"  as  by  a  charter  without 
date,  had  his  father's  Jands  settled  on 
him  and  Margaret  his  wife,  daughter 
of  Thomas  le  Hay  ward  in  1390,  He 
waa  living  2  Hen.  VL,  and  had  a  pon 
Christopher  KyrshaghofTown  llousea, 
w^hose  daughter  Isabella  was  the  wife 
of  William  Newall,  31  Hen*  VL 

Christopher  Kyrshagh  had  an  in- 
dulgence granted  to  him  by  Peter  de 
Monte,  Nuncio  of  Pope  Eugcnius  IV. 
to  hira  and  to  his  wife  Margaret  for 
absolution,  18  Hen.  VL  1440;  and 
another  from  Pope  Pius  \\.  to  ihera  as 
Trinitarians  of  the  Hospital  of  St. 
Thomas  at  Rome,  37  Hen.  VI.  1459. 
He  settled  his  paternal  eftales  a&  be* 
fore  mentioned,  31  Hen,  V^L,  and  died 
about  the  18  Edw.  IV.* 
The  following  arms  illustrative  of 

*  Vide  pedigree  of  Chadwkk  and 
Kyrahaw,  Rtg,  Norfolk  L  26,  and  pedigree 
of  Newall.  y9r/olk  VIIL  148,  in  ColL 
Arm, 


LUtUhoTwgk  Chaptl. — Book  Worm. 


M6 


tht  family  connections  to  which  I  have 
adterted  have  been  selected  by  Mrs. 
Newall,  and  placed  with  others  in  the 
window  of  Littleborough  Chapel. 

KraKESHAGH,  of  Toim  House:  Or, 
on  a  chief  per  pale  gules  and  sable  three 
besants. 

LiTHOLaas,  of  Litholres  :  Yert,  a  Hon 
rampant  or,  sem^  of  caltraps  sable. 

Nbwall,  of  Town  House :  Quarterly, 
Jlr$t  nnd/ourtht  Per  psle  gules  snd  asure, 
three  covered  cups  witMn  an  orle  or: 
MConJ,  Kyrshagh  :  third,  Litholres. 

Chadwick  of  Healy :  Qttarterly»yfr«/» 
Chadwick,  Gules,  an  inescutcbeon  within 
an  orle  of  martlets  argent :  tecfmd, 
Kyrkeshagb:  third,  Healr,  Gules»  four 
losenges  engrailed  in  bend  ermine : 
fourth,  Butterworth,  Argent,  a  lion 
eo|^chant  azure  between  four  docal 
ooronets  gules. 

BucKLVT,  of  Howarth  Parra:  Sable, 
a  chevron  between  three  bull's  heads 
caboshed  argent ;  quartering  Butter- 
worth.  (The  Chadwicks  of  Healy  quarter 
Buckley  of  Buckley.     Coil.  Arm.) 

Holt,  of  Stubley:  Argent,  on  a  bend 
engrailed  sable  thttt  ileurs-de-lis  of  the 
field.  (Also  quartered  by  the  Chad- 
wicks.    Coil.  .4rm.) 

Belpirlo,  of  Cleggswood :  Ermine, 
on  a  chief  gn.  a  label  of  five  points  ar. 

Ten  other  shields  contain  the  arms 
of  some  of  the  ancient  families  of  the 
district,  as  Bamford  of  Shore,  Ingham 
of  Cleggswood,  Halliwell  of  Pike 
House,  &c.  and  those  used  by  the 
bishop  of  the  diocese,  the  clergy  con- 
nected with  the  parish,  and  by  some 
of  the  gentry  of  the  neighbourhood. 

The  present  mansion  of  Town  House 
was  erected  about  40  years  ago,  on 
the  site  of  the  old  house,  of  which  a 
model  and  drawings  are  preserved. 
Several  portraits  of  the  ancient  members 
of  the  family  are  likewise  at  Town 
House,  as  also  an  old  family  Bible, 
temp.  Eliz.  in  its  original  binding. 
Yours,  &c.  R.  D. 


CJ' 


M  R .  Urban,       Cirenceiter,  Jan .13. 

IN  page  2  of  your  present  volume, 
a  correspondent  wishes  to  learn  the 
most  effectual  means  of  destroying  the 
grubs  which  cat  holes  in  books,  and 
of  preventing  their  attacks.  Having 
suffered  considerable  damage  in  this 
way,  the  subject  was  forced  on  my 
attention,  and  the  result  of  my  expe- 
rience is  much  at  his  senrice.  Keep, 
ing  books  in  a  damp  room,  and  moving 
them   but  seldom,  will   render  them 


particularly  liable  to  attack.  For 
many  years  I  have  employed  a  aola- 
tion  of  corrosive  sublimate  of  mercury 
in  clean  rain  water,  applied  with  a 
pen  or  feather,  to  destroy  the  gmba, 
both  in  books  and  furniture,  and  have 
applied  it  generally  on  book -covers,  as 
well  as  on  articles  of  furniture,  by 
means  of  a  sponge  tied  on  the  end  of 
a  short  stick,  to  avoid  wetting  the 
fingers.  An  ounce  of  the  sublimata 
(which  will  not  cost  more  than  six- 
pence) may  be  added  to  a  quart  bottle- 
full  of  the  water.  This  quantity  woald 
saturate  an  imperial  pint  of  water  at 
the  common  temperature,  but  boiliog 
water  would  dissolve  one-third  of  its 
own  weight;  to  dissolve  it  speedily, 
therefore,  the  water  may  be  warmed. 
This  is  the  solution  used  by  Kyan  to 
pickle  and  preserve  timber ;  but  I  bad 
employed  it,  long  before  his  patent,  in 
conseouence  of  reading  in  Th^nard's 
Trait€de  Ckemie,  tom.  iii.  p.  643,  first 
edition,  1815,  of  a  method  first  ased 
by  Dr.  Chaussier  of  preserving  dead 
bodies,  by  putting  them  into  a  sa- 
turated solution  of  this  salt.  Th^nard 
there  says  he  had  seen  a  human  bead 
thus  preserved,  which  had  been  ex- 
posed to  the  sun  and  rain  for  a  great 
many  years,  without  having  undergone 
the  slightest  alteration.  It  was  but 
little  changed  in  appearance,  and  was 
easily  recognised,  although  the  flesh 
was  become  almost  as  hard  as  wood. 

The  mischievous  insect  which  has 
been  most  injurious  in  my  case  ap- 
pears in  the  hottest  days  of  summer 
ss  a  small  mopish  beetle  of  a  coffiee- 
brown  colour,  and  about  the  tenth  of 
an  inch  in  length ;  but  the  greatest 
mischief  is  done  in  the  spring,  when 
it  appears  in  the  larva  state  as  a  white 

rub,  with  a  brown  speck  on  the  bead, 
can  immediately  detect  the  beeUes 
on  the  wing.  At  first  they  are  plump« 
and  if  crushed  exhibit  eggs ;  in  a  short 
time,  probably  aAer  their  eggs  are 
deposited,  they  may  be  found  dead 
near  a  window,  and  merely  an  empty 
crust.  I  have  bestowed  much  atten- 
tion upon  them,  but  have  been  unable 
to  detect  them  laying  their  eggs,  nor 
am  I  certain  that  I  have  found  their 
eggs  in  place  before  they  were  hatched. 
They  are  the  ptinus  pfrtinax  of  ento- 
mologists,* the  woodfretter,  or  wood- 
worm. 

*  Booth's  Analytical  Dictionary,  p.  93. 


18440 


The  Topography  of  Suffolk, 


m 


The  solytion  should  contaiQ  lei  a 
lublitnAte  than  the  prDportion  before- 
meotfoned  when  used  to  wa^h  the 
cover*  of  bound  books;  two  drachms 
und  a  half  to  a  |>int  of  water  would  be 
BuflJcieiit  a9  a  preservative.  Some  so- 
lution may  be  added  with  advautage 
to  the  book  binder's  paslep 

Although  1  have  mentioned  but  one 
kind  of  insect,  thia  woah  is  effectual 
■gainaC  all  oihers* 

Youra,  &c.        A.  Merrick. 

Mr,  Uhb4n,    Yarmouth^  March  14. 

1  BEG  leave  to  send  you  the  an- 
nexed traoscript  from  the  inscriptiort 
upon  A  brass  ptatc  affiled  to  the  wiill 
in  (he  church  of  Weathall  in  Suffolk  j 
and  1  iatter  myself  you  may  join  witti 
nic  ID  appreciating  its  historical  m- 
tereat,  and  may  consider  it  on  this 
account  deierviog  of  insertion  in  your 
valuable  repository.  On  the  present, 
AS  on  many  other  occasions,  i  have 
felt  great  cause  for  regret^  that,  rich  as 
h  the  county  of  Soflfolkg  much  as  it 
abounds  in  curious  matter  of  diBferent 
descriptions,  and  mnnyas  are  the  men 
of  talents  and  learning  and  research  it 
baa  produced,  it  fihould  have  remained 
to  the  present  day  altogether  without 
an  historian*  The  Rev*  Edward 
Forster,  indeed,  some  fifty  years  ago, 
proposed  to  supply  the  desideratum, 
and  issued  a  prospectus  accompanied 
with  a  list  of  queries  for  the  purpose. 
The  same  was  done  about  twenty 
years  subsequently  by  Henry  Jernsyn, 
esq.  and  D.  E.  Davy,  esq,  conjointly. 
But  in  neither  cose  has  any  result 
followed;  and,  excepting  Kirby*t  Suf- 
folk Dravetlfr,  and  the  B^autiea  of 
SitffM,  and  EjpcurBwns  in  Su^olk,  all 
of  them  works  of  the  mo  it  meagre 
character,  no  puhlication  whatever  of 
a  general  nature  has  at  present  ap- 
peared in  relation  to  the  county,*  And 
yet  the   path   of    its  historiographer 


•  We  may  take  occasion  to  mention 
here  the  *'  Supplement  to  the  Suffolk 
TrnvcUcr/'  by  Mr.  Augustine  Page,  now 
in  the  course  of  pubhcation,  and  nearly 
completed;  aod  that  Mr,  Davy  of  Ufford 
in  now  contributing  to  *'  Tlic  Topoj^apber 
and  Genealo^st  '*  a  series  of  descriptions 
of  the  Sepulchral  Antiquitie*  of  the 
county,  of  which  the  hundreds  of  Eshergh, 
Blsckburo,  snd  Blythlng  have  already 
appeared.— Edit. 


cannot   but   have   been    eonBiderably 
fncttitated  by  the  quantity  of  materiafa 
provided  to  bis  hand.     The  Historiea 
of  the   Hundred  of  Thingoe*  of  Bury, 
of  Vpswich,  of  Dunwich,  of  Framling. 
ham,  of  Lowestoft,  of  South  wold,  of 
Hawfited^  and  of  Hengrave«  are  already  , 
before    the    public    in    print;    besides  J 
sundry   publications   more   limited  la  j 
their  scope,  and  a  General  View  of  tht  ] 
Agriculture  of  Suffolk,  by  the  laborious 
Arthur  Young,   himself  a  resident  jq 
the  vicinity   of  Lavenharo.     Nor^  In 
enumerating    these,    many  and    ira. 
portnnt  as  they  arc,  has  tncntion  by 
any  means  been  made  of  the  whole  or  i 
perhaps   even    of    the   most   valuablv  I 
port  to  h     prepared    for    the    purpose. 
The  singular  liberality  of  Mr.  Hudsoa 
Gurney   purchased   and   deposited   in 
the  British  Museum  the  great  mass  of 
materials   collected    by   Sir.   Jermyn, 
stores  not  more  remarkable  for  their 
eictent  than  for  the   laborious  and  re- 
condite research  with  which  they  had 
been  accumulated;    and    Mr.   W,    S» 
Fitch  of  Ipswich  has  formed  another 
col  lection,  hardly  inferior  in  quantity, 
but  very  dissimilar  m  character,  being 
peculiarly    riih    in    ancient    chartera, 
and  rolls,  and  court-books,  and  deeds, 
and  autograph  letters,  and  drawings, 
and  engravings,  than  which  there  are 
no   more  legitimate  materials  for  his- 
tory  and    topography.     Of  Mr.   Jcr- 
myn*s  papers  a  detailed  account  will 
probably  soon  be   published  in  some 
volume  descriptive  of  the  MSS.  in  our 
great  national  repository.     Mr.  Fitch 
has  himself  undertaken   to   illustrate 
bis  own  collection,  and  has  printed, 
though  only  for   private   circulation, 
the    first    moiety    of    his    catalogue. 
This  spirited  eiample  it  is  hoped  may 
in  time  be  generally  followed  ;  for  it  is 
difficult  to  appreciate  the  advantages 
to   be  derived  from  such  publications, 
which,  by  giving  notoriety   to   what 
would    else    remain    in    comparative 
obscurity  in   the  drawers  and  closets 
and  shelves  of  a  private  mansion,  at 
once    stimulate    inquiry,   draw   forth 
hidden  treasures,  teach  their  possessors 
to    know  and  estimate   and    preserve 
them,  and  enable  men  of  similar  pur- 
suits to  direct  their  inquiries  with  the 
greatest  prospect  of  success. 

To  return  to  the  parish  of  West* 
hall,  the  more  immediate  object  of 
this  letter. — what  is  known  of  iti  early 


598 


Bo?iUM  Monument  at  We^thall,  Suffolk. 


[Jane, 


history  is  both  small  and  unimportant. 
The  Boban  family,  as  may  be  inferred 
from  the  inscription  upon  the  brass, 
and  as  is  recorded  by  Kirby,  did  not 
become  possessed  of  the  lordship  till 
the  reign  of  Henry  the  Eighth.  From 
that  period  they  continued  to  hold  it, 
till,  about  twenty  years  ago,  the  Rev. 
Francis  Browne  Bohun,  the  uncle  of 
the  present  Mr.  Bohun  of  Beccles,  a 
descendant  in  the  female  line,  alien- 
ated it  by  sale.  Their  property  in  the 
parish  appears  from  a  manuscript  in 
nis  hands  never  to  have  been  large ; 
but  their  mansion  was  one  that  de- 
noted opulence  and  importance.  It 
was  an  erection  of  the  early  part  of 
the  sixteenth  century,  a  spacious 
square  building,  flanked  at  each 
corner  with  a  small  turret,  and  entered 
by  Tudor  archways;  the  whole  of 
dull  unsightly  brick,  and  altogether 
destitute  of  any  architectural  preten- 
sions. One  half  of  it  was  taken  down 
about  the  year  1808 :  the  part  still 
standing  is  reduced  to  the  compara- 
tively ignoble  state  of  a  respectable 
farmhouse,  but  still  retains  too  many 
decisive  marks  of  its  origioal  cha- 
racter to  be  passed  without  attracting 
attention. 

Among  the  members  of  this  illus- 
trious family  who  resided  at  Westhali, 
the  only  individual  that  has  acquired 
anjr  posthumous  notoriety  is  Edmund 
Bohun,  the  author  of  the  manuscript 
just  mentioned,  an  autobiographical 
sketch  of  a  considerable  portion  of 
his  life.  He  was  burn  in  1644,  and 
died  early  the  following  century.  From 
the  inscription  upon  the  brass  it  may 
be  inferred  that  he  was  the  grandson 
of  Nicholas  Bohun,  son  of  Francis, 
who  placed  it  in  the  church,  and  was 
consequently    by    his    mother's    side 

freat- nephew  of  the  celebrated  Sir 
Idward  Coke.  Of  his  works  an 
imposing  list  will  be  found  in 
Watt's  Bibliotheca  Briiannica ;  but, 
with  the  exception  of  his  Great  His- 
torical, Political,  and  Geographical 
Dictionary,  nearly  the  whole  were  of 
a  controversial,  and  consequently  an 
ephemeral,  character ;  indeed  to  such 
a  degree,  that,  numerous  as  they  were, 
they  have  not  even  availed  to  procure 
insertion  for  his  name  in  the  pages  of 
the  Biographia  Briiannica.  In  those 
of  the  Parliamentary  History  he  stands 
recorded  with  no  enviable  notoriety. 


It  appears  that  for  a  short  time  he 
held  the  office  of  Licenser  of  the  Press, 
and  in  the  execution  of  it  unfortunately 
incurred  the  displeasure  of  the  House 
of  Commons  for  having  affixed  his 
imprimatur  to  two  pamphlets,  the  one 
entitled  A  Pastoral  Letter,  the  other 
King  fTt/iiam  and  Queen  Mary  Con^ 
querors.  The  Commons  accordingly 
summoned  him  before  them  :  the  times 
were  perilous,  and  probably  on  that 
account  a  very  severe  sentence  was  pro- 
nounced,— that  the  books  should  be 
burned  by  the  common  hangman,  and 
that  the  culprit  should  be  reprimanded 
and  deprived  of  his  post,  and  com- 
mitted to  prison.  Nothing  further  of 
him  is  known. 

The  church  at  Westhali  is  an  in- 
teresting building,  evidently  of  the 
Norman  lera,  as  are  several  others  in 
the  neighbourhood,  though  they,  like 
this,  may  have  undergone  so  many 
reparations  and  alterations  and  addi- 
tions  that  but  little  of  the  original 
structure  remains.  Mr.  Davy,  in  his 
Architectural  Antiquities  qf  Suffolk, 
has  figured  the  arches  to  the  southern 
and  western  doors  of  entrance,  both 
semicircular,  and  both  richly  orna- 
mented. Over  the  latter  are,  what  is 
very  unusual,  three  smaller  blank 
arches  of  the  same  style,  imbedded  in 
the  wall. 

Below,   you    have    the  inscription 
upon  the  brass,  with  which  as  I  be- 
gan so  I  end,  subscribing  myself. 
Yours,  &c.     Dawson  TuaNva. 

Thomas  Plantagenet,  Dvke  of  Bvck- 
ingham  and  Glocester,  sone  of  Kinge 
Edward  the  Third,  maried  Elioner,  eldest 
davghter  and  heire  of  Homfry  Bohvn, 
Erie  of  Hertford,  Essex,  and  Northampton, 
high  Constable  of  England,  whose  gravnd- 
motber  was  a  davghter  of  Kinge  Edward 
the  First :  the  sayd  Thomas  and  Elioner 
had  issve  a  daughter,  named  Anne,  sole 
heire.  She  was  first  maried  to  y*  Erie  of 
Stafford,  of  whom  discended  the  late 
dvkes  of  Bvckingham,  and  the  lord  Staf- 
ford  that  now  is.  Secondly,  she  was 
maryed  vnto  S'  William  Bovrchier,  Earle 
of  Ewe,  by  whom  she  had  issve,  Henry, 
Will",  John,  and  Thomas :  Thomas  be- 
came a  priest  and  was  Arch -bishop  of 
Canterbvrye:  of  Henry  discended  the 
Ute  Earles  of  Essex  and  others :  of  Wil- 
liam is  discended  the  Earle  of  Bathe  that 
now  is :  the  afore  named  John  maried 
the  davghter  and  heire  of  the  lord  Bamers  ; 
and  they  had  issve  S'  Homphry  Bovr- 


18440 


EMraofdinari^  Female  Eccenhic. 


599 


chicff  who  mAiied  Eliiabetfat  daughter 
and  sole  hdre  of  S'  Fredericke  Tylocjf  i 
and  they  bad  issvc  John  Borrchicr  ;  and 
the  sayd  Hvmphry  died  ia  the  iyfc  of 
hia  father,  and  therefore  lived  mat  to  be 
lord  Barn  era  i  atid  the  tayd  Jobo  Bovrchier, 
lord  Barncrs,  afler  the  death  of  hU  grand- 
fiithef,  maried  Katherine,  davf hter  of  S' 
John  Haward,  Dvke  of  Norfolk  j  and 
the  said  Lord  Bamers  and  Katherine  had 
iftive  a  davghter,  named  Jane,  their  aole 
heire  ;  she  was  tnaried  to  Edmvnd  Knivit, 
Sergeant  Porter  of  the  bovse  of  Kingc 
Henry  the  Eight;  and  they  bad  tftare 
diTera  aonnei  and  davghtrrs,  whereof  onCi 
named  Elijcabethf  was  marled  mto  Francis 
Bohvn  Esq? ire ;  and  they  had  issve  N'u 
cholaa  Bohvn»  that  maried  Ai-drie  Cooke, 
Bfater  to  S^  Edward  Cooke,  attovrney 
general!  to  Kinge  James  i  and  the  «aid 
Nicholaa  died  in  the  life  of  his  father, 
leavinge  beliinde  him,  begotten  of  the 
bodie  of  the  said  Avdrio,  eearen  children, 
all  infants. 

NoTCmhr  16,  1602. 


Mb.  Urban, 

IN  a  French  work  now  1  believe 
little  read  in  France,  and  not  at  all  in 
England,  called  "  Lettres  Historiouea 
et  Galflntes  par  Madame  da  Noyer/* 
Araslerdam,  1760,  six  volumes, •  I 
met  with  the  following  account  which 
seems  very  singular  and  romantic }  the 
scene  of  which  is  laid  in  England,  in 
the  county  of  Kent,  the  date  of  the 
event  about  17CH>. 

"  11  a  paru  en  Angktert«t  dan»  la  pro- 
vince de  Canterbury,  one  femme  toitte 
extraordiiiairei  et  c^ui  se  vanH}  de  gu^rir 
tontes  acvrtea  de  maladies  par  \e  moyen  de 
qnelqim  drognea  qu^elle  donne  grati$ ; 
et  ce  qa'il  y  a  de  particolier  c'eatqaeiion 
sealemeot  elle  ne  prend  point  d'arf^cnt 
de  sea  r«m^es,  mais  qii'au  contraire  elle 
fait  dea  chart t^a  considerables  k  tes 
maladea,  afin  qu'ila  puiisent  ae  nourrir 
oommodL'ment^  pendant  te  terns  de  la 
cure  ;  ce  qui  fait  que  quantity  die  pauvrcs 
■e  mettent  entrc  ses  mains,  et  que  plosienra 
a'eo  louent.     Cette  femme  ne  parol  t  pas 

*  Od  this  work  of  Madajiie  dn  Noyer, 
see  Voltaire's  Melanges  Utterairea,  torn. 
iii«  p.  3^5^  and  Connaisaance  de  la  Poesie, 
p,  155,  cd.  Londrca.  See  also  the  Life 
of  Miidame  de  Maintenon  by  Beauroelle, 
torn.  ii.  p^  *'>7,  and  torn,  if.  p.  101,  by 
which  tt  appears  that  the  work  has  been 
copied  by  all  the  writers  of  the  history  of 
the  times  of  which  it  treats.  My  own 
opinion  ia  more  favourable  to  its  wit  than 
to  its  tnith. 


avoir  plus  de  vingt  am,  H  en  aecutti  qneU 
que f oh  quo  (re  em^.  Elle  est  belle  comme 
le  bean  jour,  parle  toutes  aortes  de 
languee,  sans  qu^on  pnisse  coQn6ilre  i 
son  accent,  qu'elle  est  ceile  qai  lui  est  la 
plus  naturelle.  Elle  se  dit  tant6t  d*un 
pays,  tant6t  d^antre,  et  ne  repond  jamais 
de  m^me,  lorsqu'oD  lui  faitdes  questions  ; 
ct  ccla,  parcequ'  elle  ne  vent  point  dire 
qui  die  est ;  ear  lorsqn'on  lui  fait  voir 
qu'il  y  a  de  la  contradiction  duns  ses 
reponses,  elle  dit  fort  naturellement,  que 
n'ayant  pas  envie  de  dire  qtii  elle  est,  ni 
d'ou  elle  vient,  elle  se  divertit  k  inventer 
tons  les  jotira  des  contes  differ ents  poar 
am  user  les  curieux,  nVHant  point  oblig6« 
de  contenter  leur  curiosity.  Elle  est  ansd 
extraordinaire  dans  son  ajastement,  qu« 
dans  aes  manii^res.  Elle  porte  un  just^ 
an-corps  d'homme,  avec  tine  jupe,  de 
m^me  que  nos  princesses  lorsqu^elles  ront 
k  la  chasae  ^  mais  sous  cette  jupe  elle  i 
des  culottes.  Son  jast-au-corps  est 
ouvert  dc  mani^re  qn^il  laisse  voir  la  plua 
belle  gorge  du  monde  ',  de  grands  chevaux 
blonds  dot  tent  k  grosses  boucles  ti-dessus  : 
et  lorsquVtle  sort,  elle  met  an  voile^  et  un 
chapeau  snr  aa  t^te.  C*est  ainsi  qu^elle 
court  lea  champs,  comme  autrefois  Medc'c, 
pour  cueillir  des  simples.  Et  qaoiqn'elle 
soit  tons  les  jours  expost'e  k  Tardcur  du 
soleil,  elle  a  pourtant  le  teint  d'an  besutd 
enchant^^e.  Trois  filtes  la  serve  d  I  arec  la 
m^me  respect  qne  si  elle  ^toit  uoe  reiue  ; 
et  lui  gardent  un  secret  inviolable*  Ce^ 
pendant  tout  ce  myst^eavoit  extr^ymement 
intrigue  les  pen  pies.  Les  unst  doDoant 
dans  le  merTcilleux,  pretendoient  que 
cV'toit  la  ce  qu*on  appelle  le Jvif'errani, 
on  du  ffloins  quelque  notivelteproph^tease; 
d^Butres,  croyant  raitsonner  plus  jastef 
assuroient  que  c*^loit  le  Piince  des  Galles, 
on  du  moins  qiielqii*un  de  sa  fection,  qui 
Tonloit  par  ses  bienfaits  attirer  le  petit 
people  dans  son  parti,  afin  de  caoaer  par 
ce  moyen  quelqne  revolution  dans  le  pays. 
Sar  ces  dl verses  conjectures,  on  satslt  la 
belle  dame,  et  elle  risquoitaller  aq  pillori, 
comme  lea  prophetes  Camisards,  si  elle 
n'avoit  pas  en  assead' Eloquence  ponr  faire 
voir  que  n'ayant  fait  tort  k  person  ne,  et 
ne  s*6tant  point  ing^r^e  de  dogmatiser^ 
ni  de  parler  d* affaires  d'ltat,  on  ne  pouvoit 
Bans  injustice  la  retenir  en  prison.     Lei 

Eanvres  qu'elle  avoit  assist^s,  cndrent 
antement  contre  un  pareil  proc^'d^%  et 
comme  on  ne  pouvott  point  forme  d'accu- 
sation  centre  die,  on  la  mil  en  hbertf. 
Elle  a  fait  ptoa  de  sejour  dans  la  province 
dc  Canterbury  que  dans  Irs  autres  en. 
droits  d'Angleterrc,  parcequVUe  a  trooT<* 
un  plus  grande  quantite  d'herhes  qui  lui 
Bont   neoeasaires,  et  qui  fait   toute   son 


occupation,  car  elle  passe pretoiie  toot  soa 
temps  ih  les  cueillir,  on  k let  ^plncherr  An 


I 


600 


On  CdtsarB  Passage  of  the  Thamtt. 


[Jane, 


reste,  elle  ne  mange  presoue  jatEiia  ;  et 
del  genfl  m'ool  aaaur^  qu  ila  avoient  6i6 
tree  elle  trois  Jours  de  auite,  peDdant 
tefrqueli  elle  n'AToit  pas  maog^  an  seul 
morf^ean  de  pain.  Mats  ea  revancbe^  elle 
bolt  beaacoup  de  vin  et  de  branderiOf 
saaa  que  cee  liqueurs  fortes  alterent  ea 
tantii,,  ai  fnisant  impreasion  sur  Bon  beau 
teiot.  Elle  loge  tauJDttra  daua  leg 
meilleurs  cabaretsj  ou  elle  fait  belle  dc- 
peuee^  donnaat  L'or  a  pteines  mains :  ce 
qui  me  fait  croire  que  c'est  ime  personae 
extr^mement  richet  qui  aime  la  vie  ambu* 
lante,  ct  k  intrjg^uer  lea  i;euB^  ct  qui.  de- 
peosQ  ion  bien  k  ce  petit  jeu  ;  car,  comme 
dit  certain  po^te,  *  una  cuique  vofupia*,* 
Qaoiqu'il  en  soit  Toili  le  fait,  et  il  n*j  r 
pas  moyen  de  developper  ce  myatere ; 
paa  m^me  de  a'eclaircir  du  sexe  de 
cette  personne :  car  quoiqu^elle  ait  lea 
mani^res  fort  libres,  et  que  qu&utit^  de 
grands  seigneurs  lui  ay  ant  fait  la  connri 
il'a  n'out  pour  taut  pu  la  connoitre  que 
tr^S'SuperficiellemeQt/' 

la  the  person  here  detcribed.  or  tire 
any  of  her  adventures  TOentioned  in 
A&y  Englisli  paper  or  register  nt  the 
time  ?  One  cannot  suppose  it  to  be  a 
fietitioDS  history^  for  If  ao  it  would  be 
without  point  or  meaning;  and«  if 
trtie,  it  would  probably  be  mentioned 
in  some  work  or  other,  with  other 
circumstances  which  wotiM  assist  in 
throwing  light  on  it.  I  give  the  entire 
narrative  as  it  may  be  found  iti  vol,  IV. 
p.  104—;* 

Yours,  &c.     J.  M, 


Mr.  Ubba^n,  April  g, 

AS  1  have  paid  some  attention  to 
the  matters  which  form  the  subject  of 
Mr.  Dunkik's  communjcatton  to  you, 
contained  in  your  Magazine  for  this 
month,  I  cannot  refrain  from  making 
a  few  remarka  upon  it,  nor  from  aayiog 
il  greatly  surprised  me. 

Your  CO rrea pendent  seems  to  have 
forgotten,  or  he  suppresses  the  fact, 
that  Cesar  /trice  invaded  this  island. 
On  the  first  of  these  occasions  it  has 
been  computed  he  was  here  only  about 
tweoty*five  days,  during  which  period 
his  operations  were  unquestionably 
confined  to  a  portion  of  Kent.  When 
he  came  here,  in  the  ensuing  year, 
with  an  increased  force,  he  was,  ac- 
cording to  the  best  authorities,  in  the 
island  about  four  months.  Mr,  Dumkik 
says  that  Cesar  could  not  have  been 
more  than  tbirty.two  days  in  Britain  ; 
ytt  he  aaaerts  be  hat  closely  esamtoed 
5 


Ciesar's  account  of  his  invasion  (not 
invQifions.) 

It  is  a  moat  astounding  position,  as- 
sumed or  asserted  by  Mit»  Dunkin# 
that  many  of  the  kingdoms  or  states 
of  the  Bf  itoDs  were  within  the  limits 
of  Kent,  namely^  the  Cenimagni,  the 
Cassiif  the  SegontiQci^  and  the  Trino* 
hanies ;  and,  from  his  placing  Novio- 
maym  at  Dartford,  he  means,  I  pre« 
some,  to  include  the  Regni,  All  this 
19  incredible,  and  subversive  of  every 
authority*  ancient  and  modern. 

After  such  extraordinary  notions,  it 
cannot  be  eitpected  that  the  other 
parts  of  Ma.  Dwn kin's  communica- 
tion (conjectural  a^  they  really  art, 
but  apparently  stated  as  facts)  can  be 
the  subject  of  any  legitimate  contro- 
versy or  argument. 

There  are  very  few  events  of  our 
ancient  history  much  better  attested 
than  that  Caesar  did  pass  the  Thames^ 
and  (in  ibe  absence  of  direct  informa- 
tion) that  he  did  so  at  Coway  Stakes^* 
and  marched  to  Verulam*t 


*  How  could  Cossar*!  own  words  apply 
to  the  Medway  ?  **  A  mart  eireiter  mil* 
lia  pauuum  ttctoginta,^* 

f  Relative  to  the  antiquity  of  Walton^ 
uptm- Thames,  I  had  occssion  some  months 
ago  to  write  what  follows  : — 

The  name  itself  of  Walton  indicates 
the  place  to  have  been  a  Roman  atatioQ, 
and  it  must  have  been  the  Ptmtet  of  that 
people,  for  the  large  pieces  of  wood  (stakes 
as  aaid)  that  have  for  ages  pBstb<»e&  found 
in  the  river  there  (supposed  to  have  been 
some  of  the  stakes  placed  by  the  fintons 
to  oppose  Ciesar)  were  no  other  than  the 
remains  of  the  Roman  bridge  for  bridgeiV 
mentioned  in  Antoniutis  as  Pontes,  and 
of  which  a  tradition  in  the  neighbourhood 
remains.  The  town,  in  cooQectjoa  with 
this  bridge,  was  called  by  the  Britons 
Blbrtur  or  Bibract,  by  the  Romans  Bi- 
broctim  (from  Bibroci,  the  people  of  tbia 
tract),  and  ffhicb  name  ia  still  preserved 
in  that  of  the  adjoininj^  village  of  Billet. 
The  original  name  of  British  and  Roman 
places  is  often  found  in  the  vicinity  of 
their  real  site,  whilst  that  has  obtained 
some  S&f  on  or  other  name.  Many  in- 
stances of  this  can  be  add  need.  It  may- 
be relied  on,  in  my  opinic  n,  that  Cspsar^t 
passage  of  the  Thames  was  at  CbsMy 
Sfakea,  for  I  submit  that  the  term 
**  Coway  *'  is  a  corruption  of  some  Bri- 
tish word  signifying  concealed  or  hidden 
(f,  ff.  Conn,  CuDDFA,  Cuddio,  Ac.)  ;  or 
it  may  havs  arisen  from  *'  eo9er§d**  or 


COl 


Romans,  which  formerly  (as  Higden 
of  Chester  affirms)  went  from  Dover 
through  the  middle  of  Kent." 

It  is  observable  that  the  second  iter 
of  Antoninus  differs  a  little  from  the 
first  iter  of  Richard  in  the  route  to 
Canterbury,  as  here  shown. 

Antoninus,  Richard, 


Londiniam 

Noviomagus 

Vagniacis 

Durobrivis 

Durolevum 

Durovernam 


1844.]  The  Roman  Her  from  London  to  Canierhury. 

As  connected  with  this  subject, 
there  is  one  upon  which  I  am  desirous 
of  observing,  namely,  the  confusion 
which  seems  to  me  to  have  existed, 
for  a  very  long  period,  among  our  anti- 
quaries, with  regard  to  the  Roman 
line  of  road,  as  expressed  in  their 
I  tineraries,  from  London  to  Canterbury. 
This  may,  for  aught  1  know,  have  been 
explained  in  the  manner  here  attempted 
by  me,  as  it  is  so  obvious ;  but,  ca  1 
am  not  aware  of  the  existence  of  8uch  an 
explanation,  1  will  submit  my  view  of 
the  question,  which  is  as  follows : 

It  seems  very  plain  to  me,  that  the 
Romans  had  two  roads  into  Kent  from 
London.  The  one  (circuitous)  by  the 
way  of  Carshalton  and  Wallington,  in 
Surrey  (their  Noviomagus),  and  Seven- 
oaks  (their  Vagniaca),  to  Canterbury ; 
the  other,  upon  the  Watling  Street,* 
direct  to  Rochester,  and  on  to  Canter- 
bury. The  former  of  these  routes 
forms  a  portion  of  the  second  iter  of 
Antoninus,  and  of  the  15th  iter  of 
Richard  of  Cirencester.  The  latter  is 
that  upon  which  the  third  and  fourth 
iters  of  Antoninus  and  the  first  iter 
of  Richard  proceed. 

It  is  highly  probable  that  the  first- 
mentioned  road  is  the  one  upon  which 
Caesar  marched  on  his  way  to  the 
Thames,t  and  the  one  spoken  of  by 
Camden  as  "  the  consular  way  of  the 


i  Londiniam 
Noviomagus 
Vagniaca 
Mados 
Durolevum 
Cantiopolis* 
'  Qott  est  Durovernam." 

The  only  difference  between  them 
is,  that  in  the  way  to  Durolevum  [Mil- 
ton] (vi&  Noviomagus  and  Vagniacis), 
in  the  time  of  Antoninus,  Durobrivis 
[Rochester]  was  passed  through ;  but 
afterwards,  as  recorded  by  Richard, 
the  way  lay  through  Maidstone 
[Afadus^  to  Durolevum,  and  avoided 
Rochester ;  so  that  it  may  be  fairly 
concluded  that  Madus  was  a  station 
which  had  risen  into  repute  subse- 
quently to  the  date  of  the  Itinerary  of 
Antoninus.  This  diversity  between 
the  Itineraries  is  to  me  a  great  proof 
of  the  fidelity  of  both,  and  of  their 
not  being  of  the  same  era. 

Yours,  &c.    J.  P. 


*'  covert  '*  [Spenser  writes  it  courd^  ;  so 
that  I  think  it  may  be  safely  concluded 
that  Coway  Stakes  means  the  concealed 
or  hidden  stakes.  Vide  Bede,  Camden, 
Manning  and  Bray,  Brayley*8  New  His- 
tory of  Surrey,  and  Gent.  Mag.  for  March 
and  April  1841,  Vol.  XV.  N.S.  Bibrax 
or  Bibract  (Latinized  by  Bibrocum)  was 
probably  the  name  of  the  station  anterior 
to  the  Roman  invasion,  and  it  is  plain 
from  CKsar,  that  where  he  passed  the 
Thames  was  the  usual  place  at  which  the 
Britons  forded  that  river,  and  therefore 
Pontes  or  Bibrocum^  now  Walton,  was  a 
station  of  remote  antiquity. 

*  Richard's  statement  that  his  first  iter 
proceeded  on  the  Watling  Street,  even 
into  Wales,  is  in  a  great  degree  confirmed 
by  Camden  and  Gibson.  See  the  latter's 
edition  of  the  Britannia,  pp.  544,  553. 

t  As  no  lioman  roads  could  have  been 
formed  anterior  to  the  period  of  Csesar's 
invasion,  our  Correspondent  appears  to 
presume  their  previous  existence  in  the 
same  direct  lines.  This,  we  think,  will 
not  be  readily  admitted. — £dit« 

Gknt.  Mao.  Yoi..  XXI. 


Mr.  Urban,  May. 

I  AM  so  much  interested  by  Mr. 
Dunkin's  account  of  Caesar's  march 
through  Kent  in  your  Magazine  for 
March,  that  1  beg  to  present  him, 
through  you,  with  the  following  little 
paper  drawn  up  many  mouths  ago, 
proposing  certain  inquiries,  the  neces- 
sity of  which,  in  order  fully  to  elucidate 
this  subject,  may  possibly  have  escaped 
him ;  and  am,  Sir, 

Yours,  &c.     Plantaoenet. 

Although  Julius  Caesar's  history  of 
his  invasions  of  Britain  has  often  been 
diligently  perused,  it  has  not  yet,  I 
think,  been  sufficiently  contemplated 
in  a  topographical  point  of  view.  1 
beg  to  suggest,  therefore,  that  such 
local  investigation  be  instituted  as  may 
trulydemonstrate  if  possible  what  route 
Caesar  took  when  pursuing  the  army 
of  the  Britons  at  his  second  invasion  : 
what  was  the  river,  then  called  by  the 
natives  Tamisis,  which  he  forded  in 
hU  advance  oo  the  capital  of  Caasibe- 
4  H 


602 


Ca9ar*$  Landing  in  Britain.'^Bemurd  and  Barnard.      [June, 


lannus :  and  whether  this  capital  was, 
as  said  to  have  been,  on  the  site  of 
St.  Al ban's,  or  of  some  town  not  north 
of  oar  Thames. 

Unfortanately,  however,  Caesar's 
account  of  these  transactions  —  the 
only  account  from  an  eye-witness  that 
has  descended  to  us — cannot  be  impli- 
citly relied  on  ;  for  several  historians, 
almost  contemporary  with  him,  have 
given  us  reason  to  believe  that,  either 
from  want  of  correct  information,  or 
from  mere  jealousy  of  British  bravery, 
he  has  not  always  told  "the  whole 
troth." 

But  in  this  investigation  my  chief 
object  being  to  elicit  some  definite  opi- 
nions on  the  subject,  I  shall  couch  my 
remarks  in  the  form  of  definite  ques- 
tions ;  and  proceed  first  to  ask 

What  is  the  precise  locality  where 
Cesar  landed  at  his  last  invasion  of 
Britain  ? 

And  as  this  spot  must  be  calculated 
by  its  distance — thirty-eight  miles  from 
the  Portus  Itius,  his  place  of  embar- 
cation — it  is  important  to  ascertain  on 
what  part  of  the  Gaulish  coast  Itium 
was  situated ;  whether  at  Calais,  at 
Boulogne,  or  at  Wissant,  a  now 
choked- up  port  formerly  considered 
by  Camden,  and  latterly  by  Danville, 
Bonaparte,  and  his  engineers,  as  the 
real  Portus  Itius. 

But  we  should  previously  inquire 
whether  the  length  of  a  Roman  mile 
in  Julius  Caesar's  time  wa»  the  same 
as  that  in  the  after- times  of  Strabo, 
which,  compared  with  our  English 
mile  of  17G0  statute  yards,  we  estimate 
at  1635  such  yards.  And  here  I  beg 
to  observe  that  this  inquiry  might 
perhaps  be  best  determined  by  a  care- 
ful study  of  the  ancient  Itineraries  of 
Italy  —  the  sites  of  ancient  Roman 
towns  being  much  better  known  in 
Italy  than  in  Gaul  or  Britain. 

My  next  question  is. 

At  what  river,  twelve  Roman  miles 
from  Caesar's  place  of  landing,  did  the 
Britons  endeavour  to  stop  his  progress? 

And  this  involves  the  inquiry — 
supposing  Caesar  not  to  have  been 
resisted  as  he  was,  on  which  of  the 
large  British  towns  would  he  have 
marched ;  and  whether  he  was  other- 
wise acquainted  with  the  situation  of 
any  such  towns  (or  even  their  exist- 
ence) than  from  the  information  of  the 
young  refpgee  British  prince  Manda- 


bratius  and  of  certain  British  mer- 
chants trading  with  Gaul — ^but  who 
probably  could  only  correctly  inform 
him  as  to  the  southern  coast  of 
Britain. 

The  great  question,  however,  and 
the  only  one  which  has  been  com- 
mented on  with  any  due  attentioo, 
although  hitherto  unsatisfactorily,  is 
whether  the  river  Tamisis,  which  in 
the  Celtic  language  merely  signifies 
winding- water,  be  really  our  Thames, 
or  whether  it  be  not  the  Medway,  «s 
held  by  some,  or  some  river  in  Sassex 
or  Surrey  ?  and  at  what  precise  spot, 
eighty  Roman  miles  from  the  sea,  its 
only  (so  Ciesar  says)  fordable  part,  he 
passed  such  river ;  and  whether  these 
eighty  miles  are  to  be  reckoned  *'as  the 
crow  flies,"  or  according  to  the  direc- 
tion taken  by  the  retreating  Britons  ? 

And,  lastly,  whether  the  remains  of 
certain  stakes  shod  with  lead,  long 
ago  said  by  Bede  to  have  existed  in  the 
Tliames,  near  Walton,  at  a  place  now 
called  "  Coway  Stakes,"  were  not 
probably  there  placed  for  other  than 
hostile  purposes  at  a  period  subse- 
quent to  that  of  Caesar's  invasion  ? 


O.  writes — "  In  Lord  Broagbam*8  cri- 
tique on  the  late  Lord  Ellenborough, 
March,  p.  235,  are  some  remarks  on  the 
pronunciation  of  *marchant,*  'Hartford,* 
for  '  merchant/  *  Hertford/  &c.,  saying 
this  pronunciation  was  not  prorincial  but 
old  English.  We  may  say  the  same  of 
Barnard,  in  Barnard  Castle,  Lord  Bar- 
nard, in  Surtees's  History  of  Durham, 
which  is  also  not  unfrequently  written  Ber- 
nard, particularly  in  Latin.  In  Bernard 
Gilpin  it  is  generally  so  written,  but  even 
there  it  is  frequently  deviated  from,  and 
the  a  introduced  instead  of  the  «.  A  cu- 
rious coincidence  of  this  kind  1  lately  met 
with.  A  son  of  mine,  now  resident  in 
London,  a  Houghton  scholar,  and  there- 
fore well  acquainted  with  the  history  of 
Bernard  Gilpin,  told  me  that  he  had  seen 
the  names  Barnard  and  Qilpin  vpon  two 
contiguous  shops  in  Holbom.  My  cn- 
riosity  was  so  far  excited  as  to  lead  me 
also  to  see  it,  and  behold,  1  found  them  at 
No.  3d  and  37  Holbom,  a  little  above 
Hntton  Garden,  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  way;  No.  38,  Barnard,  and  No.  37, 
Gilpin,  and  no  connection  between  the 
parties.  Here  they  were  on  the  25th 
May,  1^43,  and  like  the  old  woman  who 
sat  under  the  hill, — 

If  they  are  not  gone 
They  remain  thm  ftlD.** 


C>03 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


T^  Hfimskringla,  or  Ckroniek  t\f  ike 
Kings  of  NoruHtf,  Thmalufcd  from 
Mp  leelandie  tjf  Smorro  Sturhton ; 
with  a  j>r€limi$tarf  Distertaiion  b^ 
Samuel  Liiing,  Ksq,  Author  of  A 
Reddencv    in  Norway,   A    Tbur    in 

THIS  is  a  tranMation  of  ibe  whole 
of  the  Heimikriogia,  or  Sagas  of  the 
kjnga  of  Norway,   composed    by  the 
celebrated    Snorro   Sturleson    in    the 
J  2th  century.     The  original  is  a  series 
of  Norae  annals,  of  considerable  value, 
boginoiDg  with  Odin  and  going  down 
to  the  year  1 178.     The  present  traua- 
lation   is   preceded   by  a  Dissertation, 
which  appears  to  have   been  written 
princi pally  for  the  purpose  of  support- 
ing the  singular  hypothesis,   that    in 
the  eariy  ages  of  our  asra  the  Noric 
race  had  in  all  things  of  raooaent^  in 
WOT,  politics,  and  literature,  an  abso- 
lute and  decided  superiority  over  the 
nations  of  purely  German  descent,  and 
particularly    over    the     Anglo-Saxon 
occupiers  of  Britain.     Mr.  Laing  re- 
proaches the  English   historians  with 
gross   and   wilful  raisreprcbcntatiuns, 
andthe  public  with  as  gross  a  credulity^ 
on    the    subject   of  his  Scaudinaviiin 
favourites^   and   endeavours   to   shew 
that,  during  the  period  of  the  Danish 
invasions  of  this  country,  the  Anglo- 
Saxori   population   were   debased  and 
effete    both    in    intellect  and    warlike 
spirit,  and   were    only  restored    to    a 
national  character  and   independence 
by  this   second   nurlbcro    inundation. 
The  causes  of  this  jio polar  decadence 
and  debasement  arc  attributed  by  our 
author  to  the  introduction  of  Christi- 
anity.  Latin,  and  Church  learning  ;  hut 
it  will  be  fairer  both  to  the  reader  and 
Mr.  Laing  to  let  the  latter  state  his 
theory  in  his  own  words  : 

*'  The  renovsTi  ->!»   in- 

ftituiions,  the  rr 
Bocinl  spirit  wbic  I 
old  Anglo-StiOQ 

this    freth    iafu^i 

northern  peoplr,  *   •  •  *  •  j 
the  laws  tod  tnstitittioiui  derii 


Roman  pow«r,  or  formed  under  it  after 
the  Roman  empire  became  christianized, 
had  buried  aW  the  original  principles  of 
Teutonic  arrangements  of  society  as  de- 
scribed by  Tacttus,  and  in  Fraoce  the 
name  was  Oflinost  all  that  remained  of 
Frank  derivation «  All  the  ongioal  and 
peculmr  character,  and  spiritr  and  social 
instituiions  of  tlie  first  inundstion  of  this 
Gennan  population p  had  become  diluted 
and  merged  under  the  Church  government 
of  Rome.  *  ♦  *  ♦  »  Xhia  abject  stabs 
of  the  mass  of  the  old  Christiaaised 
Anglo-Saxons  is  evident  &om  the  tritling 
resistance  they  made  to  the  ftmaU  piratical 
bands  of  Danes  or  Northmen,  who  in< 
fested  and  settled  on  their  coasts.  It  b 
evident  that  the  people  liad  neither  energy 
to  fightf  nor  property,  laws,  or  institutions 
to  defend,  and  were  merely  serfs  on  the 
hind  of  nobles  or  of  the  Church,  who  had 
oothing  to  lose  by  a  change  of  masters." 

There  is  much  more  in  the  same 
style  (for  Mr.  Laing  has  the  fault  of 
self- repetition)  i  hut  enough  has  been 
eitracted  to  shew  the  nature  of  the 
eitraordinary  theory  which  has  taken 
possession  of  Mr,  L&ing's  mind;  and 
by  the  perusal  of  the  above  extracts 
the  reader  wiJ!  discover  that  the  labours 
of  Montesquieu  and  Savigny,  and  the 
facts  of  our  ancient  annals,  are  either 
totally  unknown  to  our  author,  or  his 
zeal  for  a  crude  and  unfounded  hypo* 
thesis  has  blinded  him  alike  to  evidence 
and  common  sense  ;  but  even  in  this 
heterodoxy  he  is  not  quite  original, 
OB  Pinkerton.  though  in  a  more  guarded 
form,  has  preceded  him  in  eulogies  of 
the  capacity  of  the  piratical  Vikings, 
whose  real  character  was  only  dis« 
tinguished  for  an  enormous  and  un- 
paralleled thirst  of  blood  and  gold«<— 
the  9ole  ihemeaofthegenuitiG  Northern 
Scalds. 

'     '  nine   the   data  of  this 

'  1   by  Mr,  Laing.     Tht 

I,  :^   4*^^-r-^  —  ,   *'--rTh 

r« 

, *,  in 

M  boun- 
Jut. 


604 


Rktibw. — Laiug*s  Heimskringla. 


[Jane« 


out  the  slightest  alteration  tbc  original 
principles  of  the  Teutonic  organiza- 
tion, social,  political,  and  judicial,  and 
imported  them  into  their  new  settle- 
ments. TheFrankibh  laws  long  existed 
in  Gaul,  contemporaneously  with  the 
imperial  corpus  juris.  The  Ostrogoths 
and  Lombards  of  Italy,  and  even  the 
Visigoths  of  Spain,  left  behind  them 
principles  of  jurisprudence  and  govern- 
ment, identical  with  those  of  the 
kiodred  tribes  of  Germany,  and  totally 
distinct  from  the  Roman  forms  of 
either. 

The  influence  of  the  Church  in  the 
early  ages,  to  which  Mr.  Laing  refers, 
is  known  to  have  been,  without  excep- 
tion, salutary  and  benign,  and,  to  a  less 
prejudiced  mind  than  our  author's,  the 
"  dilution  and  mersion  of  the  original 
and  peculiar  character,  spirit,  and 
social  institutions  of  the  first  inunda- 
tion of  the  German  population,"  with 
which  he  charges  it,  will  appear,  as  it 
was  in  reality,  the  adaptation  of  the 
nation  to  the  usages  of  society  and  the 
duties  of  a  civilizing  faith.  The  forms 
of  its  government,  and  of  most  of  its 
institutions,  remained  the  same  in 
their  great  and  free  principles,  whether 
the  people  were  the  slaves  of  the  super- 
stition of  Woden  or  the  free  servants 
of  the  Christian  religion.  The  Anglo- 
Saion  clergy  were  remarkable,  even  to 
a  fault,  for  an  adherence  to  national 
prejudices,  and  nothing  could  be  feared 
from  the  interference  or  cabals  of  the 
Court  of  Rome,  when,  as  in  the  case 
of  the  Anglo-Saxon  Church,  its  hier- 
archy was  uniformly  composed  of  the 
higher  orders  of  the  native  society. 
In  a  word,  the  same  spirit  which  had 
impelled  Hengest,  Cerdic,  or  Ida,  to 
the  invasion  of  these  shores,  supported 
their  descendants  in  the  defence  of 
them  against  the  ruthless  berserkers 
of  the  North— the  heroes  of  Mr.  Laing. 
The  successes  of  the  Northmen  against 
the  scattered  and  surprised  inhabitants 
of  England  may  be  more  truly  at- 
tributed to  their  greater  concentration 
of  force,  and  esprit  de  corps,  than  to 
the  low  state  of  English  courage.  From 
the  first  invasion  of  England  by  the 
Northmen  in  7S7,  (Sax.Chroo.)  during 
the  Heptarchy,  throughout  the  reigns 
of  Egbert  and  his  sons,  whenever  the 
former  were  met  in  a  fair  field  by  the 
Anglo-Saxons,  or,  to  use  the  phrase  of 
par  ancestors,  whenever  there  was  a 


folcgefeoht,  or  an  engagement  of  the 
regular  and  full  fyrd,  victory  as  often 
terminated  in  favour  of  our  country- 
men as  of  their  enemies.  The  sue- 
ces»cs  of  the  Northmen  were  generally 
against  the  divided  forces  of  an  ealdor- 
man  or  king's  thegen,  who  had  been 
rash  enough  to  attempt,  single-handed* 
a  rad  against  the  enemy.*  The  vic- 
tories of  the  indomitable  Alfred  over 
the  barbarians  upun  their  own  ele- 
ment, the  recovery  of  VVessex,  and  in- 
corporation of  Mercia  with  that  king- 
dom, are  sure  testimonials  in  favour  of 
Saxon  prowess,  to  which  we  may  add 
the  splendid  affair  of  Brunanburh 
under  Athelstan,  a  crowning  event, 
which  secured  peace  to  England  until 
the  disastrous  days  of  Ethelred  II. 
when  the  misrule  of  the  country,  under 
the  trembling  and  unready  hand  of 
that  monarch,  encouraged  the  aggres- 
sions of  the  Danish  Svein  and  his  son 
Cnut,  the  most  talented  captains  of 
the  age ;  and  even  in  that  instance 
treachery  and  disunion  amongst  the 
English  were  better  friends  to  the  in- 
vaders than  even  the  bravery  and  war- 
like spirit  of  their  own  ravenous 
hordes  ;  and  their  success  was  not  ac- 
complished until  the  death  of  Eadmund 
Ironside  had  left  England  without  a 
native  chief  fit  to  govern  her.  In 
the  later  days  of  the  Anglo-Saxon 
monarchy  the  boasted  Northmen,  and 
their  leader  Harald  Harfager,  were 
signally  defeated  at  Stamford  Bri(^ge 
by  the  usurper  Harold,  backed  only 
by  a  levy  in  the  Southern  provinces, 
without  any  mixture  of  the  Danish 
population  of  East-Anglia  and  North- 
umberland ;  and  the  succeeding  me- 
lancholy event  of  Hastings,  where 
a  small  portion  of  the  same  forces  for 
a  time  maintained  the  field  against 
the  great  majority  of  the  army  of  Wil- 
liam, which  was  composed  of  the 
most  daring  of  his  warlike  subjects, 
and  the  hungry  adventurers  of  all 
Europe,  was  acknowledged  by  the 
Normans  themselves,  not  so  much  as 
the  work  of  their  own  hands,  as  a 
special  manifestation  of  Providence  in 
their  favour. 

The  cause  also  of  this  assumed  lack 
of  courage  in  the  Anglo-Saxons,  as 
laid  down  by  Mr.  Laing,  seems  a  sin* 


•  Sax.  Chron.  A.P.671. 


18440 


Rtyniw. — Laitig'8  Heim$kring!a, 


605 


guUr  OQe.  He  ft^sert*  it  to  have  been 
the  want  on  their  part  of  any  law^amt 
instil utiona  ta  defend.  Yet  the  re- 
searches of  oiir  antifjuar'tes  (it  might 
Lave  beeo  thought)  would  Jmve  led 
iiny  writer  to  ft  di0erent  conckision, 
Mr.  Laing's  Sa^as,  however  (none  uf 
wh  ich  are  earl  icr  than  the  1 2th  cenluf  y) , 
bave  hiinded  his  eyea  or  stopped  his 
ears  to  the  perception  of  troth  on  this 
subject.  It  is  now  well  known  thtt 
the  Anglo-Saxons  possessed  a  free 
cooBlitution  adapted  to  the  necessities 
of  the  times,  thouM;h  the  zealots  of  re- 
publicanisin  may  sneer  at  the  notion, 
and  they  were  in  this  respect  emi- 
oently  superior  to  the  E**ranks  and 
other  nations  of  the  continent,  amongst 
whom  the  more  arbitrary  principles  of 
feudality  had  already  developed  them- 
selves*  But*  as  Mr,  Laing  states  hts 
views  on  this  point  at  great  length  in 
another  po  rt  of  his  •'  Preliminary  Dis* 
^eriation/'  we  will  reserve  our  com- 
ments until  wc  come  to  it  in  due  coarse, 
and  in  the  mean  time  we  will  consider 
his  second  charge  of  inferiority  against 
the  Anglo-Saxons*  After  giving  a 
curious  list  of  the  Sagas  of  Iceland, 
Mr.  Laing  proceeds  to  observe  on  the 
literature  of  that  country,  making  it  at 
the  same  time  a  pretext  and  vehicle 
for  depreciating  the  efforts  of  the 
Anglo-Ssxon  race,  with  whose  literary 
remains,  to  say  the  least,  he  appears 
to  be  hut  slenderly  acquainted,  though 
wc  think  wc  might  be  justified  in 
saying  that  he  is  totally  ignorant  of 
them.     Mr.  Laing  says, 

**  Now  we  have  here  a  vast  body  of 
literature  chiefly  historical,  or  incended 
to  be  so,  and  all  in  the  vernacular  tongue 
of  the  Northmen.  It  i&  for  our  Anglo* 
Siixon  scholars  and  antiquarians  to  siy 
whether  in  the  Anglo-So^^ontoa^Ct  or  in 
the  Anglo-Saxon  and  the  Latin  togeihePt 
such  a  body  of  national  literature  was 
produced,  whether  such  tnteUeetual  ac- 
tivity existed  between  the  d»ys  of  the 
Veoerable  Bede,  our  earliest  historiati,  in 
the  beginning  of  the  titth  century  *  and  the 
days  of  Matthew  ParLn,  the  contemporary 
of  Soorro  Sturleson,  in  the  first  half  of 
the  13th.  *  *  ♦  *  •  In  the  same 
period  in  which  tlie  intellectutd  powcff  of 
the  PugaOf  or  early  Christinnlxed  North- 
men, were  at  work  in  the  national  ton;^c 
upon  subjects  of  popaUr  interefti  what 
was  the  amount  of  literary  produotioiii 
mooDg  the  Anglo -buiQiia?" 


Our  author,  however,  does  not  wait 

for  the  Anglo-Saxon  scholars  and  an- 
tiquaries to  answer  his  question.  He 
answers  it  hiraselt',  and  thereby  in. 
feientiftlly  classes  himself  amonjjst  the 
number  of  those  gentlemen.  But  his 
claims  to  this  distinction  cannot,  we 
think,  hear  investigation.     He  says,^ — 

•*  Gitdai,  the  earliest  British  writer, 
was  of  the  ancient  British,  not  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  people,  and  wrote  about  the 
year  otJO,  or  a  century  after  the  arrival  of 
the  Anglo-Saxons  in  Rngland.  Gttdas 
Atbanius,  or  Saint  Gil  das,  preceded  him  hy 
about  a  century,  and  both  wrote  in  Latin, 
not  in  the  Britt«h  or  the  Anglo-Saxon 
tongue.  The  *  Historia  £ccle»iaitiea 
Venerabilis  Bedie'  was  written  in  Latin 
about  the  year  731,  and  Kinjer  Alfred 
translated  thi&  work  of  the  Venerable  Bede 
into  Anglo-Saxon  about  859,  or  by  other 
accounts  fome  time  between  87?  and  900, 
Asser  wrote  '  De  VitA  et  rebus  geatia 
Alfred*  *  about  the  same  period,  for  be 
died  91 0<  Nennius  and  hU  annotator 
Samuel  are  placed  by  Pinkerton  about  the 
year  H58.  Florence  of  Worcester  wrote 
about  1 100,  Simeon  of  Durham  about 
1164,  Giraldns  Cambrensis  in  the  aamc 
century.  The  •  Saxon  Chronicle  '  appears 
to  have  been  the  work  of  different  hands 
from  the  1 1  th  to  the  1  £th  century.  Roger 
of  Hoveden  wrote  about  ISJOO,  Matthew 
Paris,  the  contemporary  of  Snorro  Sturle- 
son,  about  l!340.  These  are  the  principal 
writers  among  the  Anglo-Saxons  referred 
to  by  our  hbtoriana  down  to  the  age  of 
Snorro  Sturleaon,  and  thty  all  terote  in 
iMtijit  not  in  the  language  of  the  people, 
the  AngJo-SaJionJ' 

We  hasten  to  assure  the  reader,  who 
might  otherwise  be  tempted  to  imagine 
we  had  played  himfatsCi  that  this  is  a 
faithful  excerpt  from  the  author's 
'*  Preliminary  Dissertation/*  vol,  L  c. 
1,  p.  35. 

We  beg  leave  to  inform  Mr,  Laing 
that  it  is  scarcely  surprising  that  Gil- 
das  should  have  preferred  the  inditing 
of  his  querulous  epistle  in  Latin  to 
the  employment  of  Anglo-Saxon  for 
that  purpose,  inasmuch  as  being  a 
priest  he  was  well  acqutiin*^- ^  -  *h  the 
one,  and,    being   a    VVi  '*♦»»• 

totally  innocent  of  the  ot^ 
n*»sure   Mr.   L,  that   A 
Samuel,     and    (liral 
were  of  the  bv. 
former,  and  U       ; 
be  classed  among*' 
writers.     It  luig 


606 


Rbvibw.— Laiog's  Heuukrmgla, 


CJ«MS 


Mr.  Laing  that  the  designation  of  the 
Saxon  Chronicle  was  given  to  it  from 
the  fact  of  its  being  composed,  to  use 
his  own  words,  "in  the  language  of  the 
people  "  and  not  in  Latin.  After  de- 
ducting  these  authors,  whose  merits 
we  cannot  as  Englishmen  assume  to 
ourselves,  the  list  of  Mr.  Laing  is 
diminished  to  only  seven  "principal 
writers,"  the  aggregate  amount  of  in- 
tellectual talent  displayed  by  the 
Anglo-Saxon  race  from  the  epoch  of 
the  invasion  of  Britain  to  the  year 
1240. 

Is  this  ignorance  or  intentional  mis- 
representation on  the  part  of  our 
author?  Under  what  plea  can  a 
writer  of  the  19th  century  be  excused 
who  has  attempted  to  mislead  the 
public  by  such  baseless  assertions  ? 

But  there  is  another  view  of  the 
same  subject,  and  for  Mr.  Laing's  in- 
struction we  will  give  it ; — after  pre- 
mising that,  although  the  Anglo-Saxon 
literature  had  necessarily  fallen  with 
the  decay  of  the  pure  dialect  in  which 
it  had  been  composed,  yet  at  the  epoch 
of  the  Reformation  there  is  little  doubt 
that  the  remains  of  that  literature  were 
▼err  extensive,  and  the  few  works 
which  have  come  down  to  the  present 
day  are  only  the  sunrivors  out  of  the 
havoc  occasioned  by  that  event  amongst 
the  conventual  and  collegiate  libraries 
of  this  country.  Notwithstanding  the 
great  national  change  of  language,  and 
all  its  train  of  literary  interruption  and 
destruction,  we  still  possess  some  of  the 
earliest  and  most  valuable  vernacular 
productions  of  western  Europe.  The 
poems  of  the  Anglic  hero  "  Beowulf," 
(the  earliest  Gothic  epic,)  of  the  battle 
of  Finnesburh,  and  the  Traveller's 
Song,  bear  internal  evidence,  of  a  date 
long  prior  to  the  Augustinian  age,  and 
of  an  importation  from  the  old  German 
soil.  After  the  conversion  of  the  nation 
to  Christianity  we  have  the  Creation 
of  Csedmon,  a  work  full  of  beauties,  and 
containing  many  uf  the  first  thoughts  of 
the  "Paradise  Lost,"  a  coincidence  of 
mind  which  should  in  fairness  be  im- 
puted to  the  credit  of  the  Anglo-Saxon 
monk;  the  poem  of  Judith,  the  remark- 
able contents  of  the  Vercelli  Codex,  and 
the  Exeter  MS.,  the  latter  of  which 
contains  the  excellent  and  highly  inter- 
esting historical  ballad  of  the  fall  of 
Byrhtnoth,  the  ealdorman  of  Eaat- 


Anglia.  The  gospels  were  trmnalated 
and  treatises  composed  on  almost  every 
subject  of  interest  in  those  times  in 
the  vernacular  tongue  ;  and  lastly,  we 
possess  collections  of  Anglo-Saxon  law 
in  the  same  dialect,  which  are  an- 
equalled  in  number  and  extent  by  any 
of  the  Continental  remains.  Notwitli* 
standing  these  works  (and  we  have 
only  named  a  few  of  those  which  now 
exist)  are  all  printed  (with  the  excep* 
tion  only  of  part  of  the  Codex  Ver- 
cellensis),  and  well-known  to  the 
merest  dabbler  in  antiquities,  the  pre- 
sent writer  has  the  hardihood  after- 
wards to  assert  that,  "  during  the  five 
centuries  in  which  the  Northmen  were 
riding  over  the  seas  and  conqaering 
wheresoever  they  landed,  the  literature 
of  the  people  they  overcame  was  locked 
up  in  a  dead  language,  and  within  the 
walls  of  monasteries.  But  the  North- 
men had  a  literature  of  their  own,  rude 
as  it  was,  and  the  Anglo-Saxtm  roee 
had  none — none  at  least  belonging  to 
the  people." 

Again,  to  turn  to  the  other  side  of 
Anglo-Saxon  and  English  literature,— 
the  Latin  authors,  Mr.  L.'s  list  may 
be  improved  by  the  following  addi- 
tions :  —  Alcuin,  Eadmer,  the  his- 
torians of  Ely  and  Ramsey,  William 
of  Malmesbnry,  Ealred  of  Rievaulx^ 
Henry  of  Huntingdon,  John  of  Salis- 
bury, Richard  of  Devizes,  William 
of  Newbury,  Jocelin  of  Brakelonde^ 
Gervase  of  ('anterbury,  Ralph  de 
Diceto,  Ace.  all  included  in  Mr. 
Laing's  period;  and  we  will  also 
inform  him  that  many  of  these  writers 
would  have  done  honour  to  a  later 
age,  when  the  opportunities  for  learn- 
ing were  easier,  and  that  St.  Beda  was 
not  only  an  historian,  but  wrote  vola- 
minously  and  ably  upon  all  the  sub- 
jects within  the  reach  of  the  learning 
of  hii  age. 

Tiie  next  accusation  of  our  author 
is,  that  we  have  borrowed  from  these 
Northmen  all  we  now  possess  of  good 
in  our  political  and  social  organization. 
He  says  (vol.  i.  c.  3,  p.  95) — 

"  If  the  historical  Sagas  tell  us  little 
concerning  the  religion  and  religious  es- 
tablishments of  the  pagan  Northmen,  diey 
give  us  incidentally  a  great  deal  of  curiovs 
and  valuable  information  about  their  so- 
cial condition  and  institutions ;  and  these 
are  of  great  interest,  because  they  are  the 


1844.1 


Review.— Laing't  Heimikringh. 


m 


nearest  lovurcei  to  whicb  we  em  trace 
ilmoet  all  we  call  Anglo-Saxon  ia  our 
wm  aooial  condition^  institutioos,  national 

eliAnieter,  and  spirit. 

«  #  «  »  ^ 

**  Iq  biitoHcal  reaearch  it  ia  more  rea- 
iODabk  to  go  to  the  nearest  gourc«  of  the 
inititutionSr  lawa^  and  fipirit  of  a  people — 
to  the  recent  and  grent  infueion  into 
Eni^hnd  from  the  North,  daring  the  9th, 
liith,  and  llth  ceDtnrief,  of  men  bred  up 
in  A  rude  but  vigoroua  exercise  of  their 
rights  of  legialatioui  and  in  all  the  acta  of 
ibeir  go?emmeiit-^than  to  the  most  re- 
mote, and  to  traee  io  the  ohftcure  hinta  of 
Tacitua,  of  popular  and  free  institutions 
exiating  a  tnouiaud  years  before  in  the 
forcata  of  Germany,  the  origin  of  our  par* 
liamentf  eonatitution,  and  national  cha- 
rafter.        •  •  •  • 

Our  civU,  reltgions,  and  politicfil  righta — 
the  prindples,  spirit,  and  forms  of  legis- 
InHon  ttirougb  which  thij  work  in  our 
Rocial  uni(in*^Ari^  the  legitimate  offspring 
of  the  Thing*  of  the  Northmen,  not  of  the 
Wittenagemoth  (lepe  Witeoagemot)  of 
the  Anglo-SaxoDs — of  the  independent 
Norae,  not  uf  the  abject  .Saxoa  monk/* 

If  we  can  understand  our  author  at 
all,  he  must  mean  that,  prior  to  the 
Danish  ravages  of  our  land,  we  had  no 
civil,  religioua,  or  polilicd  rights  what* 
ever ;  for*  if  it  can  he  ahown  that  such 
rlghta  were  pre^extatent  in  Kugland, 
they  ennnot  by  any  aophistry  be  de- 
nominated the  offspring  of  the  Norae 
pirates — the  eaters  of  horae- flesh,  the 
pttiratiats  of  wives,  and  the  exposcrs  of 
their  own  children  {vuh,  Mr*  L/s  Pre- 
liminary Dissertation),  the  men  who, 
in  our  author's  dreams,  were  destined 
to  fouod  in  thia  country  on  Utopia  of 
civil  aod  religious  liberty,  and  to  form 
the  remote  source  from  which  the 
divine  inapiraliona  of  Shakeapeare  and 
Milton  wore  to  be  derived. 

Montesquieu  says,  *'  Si  Ton  vetit 
lire  radmirable  ouvrage  de  Tacrte, 
aur  lea  moBurs  des  Germain s,  on  verra 
que  c'est  d'eux  que  lea  Angtaif  ont 
tir^  ridee  de  leur  goavernement  po- 
litique. Ce  beau  tvateoae  a  ^t^  trouvd 
dans  lea  bois."  This  great  writer  re* 
garded  the  observations  i.T  Tacitua  as 
pregnant  data  for  histoiical  disqui- 
sition, but  to  Mr.  LaJng  they  seem 
obscure  hints  only.  In  thi'»  instance 
it  may  be  said  of  the  Roman  histo- 
rian, IntelUgHnUat  nou  intelUctum  ad* 
fert.  The  obscurity  is  to  be  found  in 
the  ffiind  of  the  modem  dissertator, 
not  of  the  aocictit  philosopher. 


in  reply  to  Mr.  Laiog'a  aaaeitioii« 
we  also  aa  confidently  assert,  and  with 

better  means  of  proof,  that  we  owe 
no  one  institution  to  the  Northmen* 
The  Witenagemot  is  as  undoubtedly 
the  progenitor  of  our  parliament  as  it 
was  itself  the  descendant  of  the  i?f»e- 
ral«  concilium  of  the  Germans,  spokea 
of  by  Tacit uft«  The  members  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  Witenagemot  were  the 
ealdormen,  the  thegens,  and  the  hi- 
erarchy of  England,  which,  during  all 
ages,  has  had  the  character  of  a  limited 
monarchy,  while,  on  the  other  side^ 
the  Things  of  Scandinavia  were  the 
democratic  assemblies  of  the  bonder* 
a  class  identical  with  the  ceoriaa  of 
the  AnglO'Saxons,  though  the  latter 
were  luckily  not  then  admitted  into 
the  legislature  of  the  country.  The 
jury  and  the  judicial  constitution  of 
the  county  courts  existed  here  long 
prior  to  the  incursions  of  the  Danes, 
and  necessarily  so,  as  they  were  he* 
yond  doubt  the  imports  of  the  German 
invaders  of  Britain.  The  distinct joo 
of  the  ranks  of  society  was  the  same 
as  among  the  old  Germans ;  the  legal 
procedure,  the  tenure  of  land,  whether 
as  the  lii^cal  estate  or  the  private  allo- 
dium, were  devolopements  of  prtnciplei  i 
of  which  the  Teutonic  mind  was  cog- 
nisant long  before  their  irruptions 
into  the  Roman  empire,  and  their  oc- 
cupation of  this  soil. 

The  reader  will  now  have  aeen 
enough  of  Mr.  La  log's  assomptions, 
and  we  will  turn  to  the  translation^ 
which  is  executed  with  ability  and  ' 
precision,  indeed  more  so.  we  thinks 
than  the  subject  merited  ;  for  we  doubt 
greatly  the  necessity  or  utility  of  A 
version  of  the  whole,  and  more  par- 
ticularly of  the  earlier  portion  of  thia 
collection.  The  purpose  of  Mr,  Lain g 
would  have  been  better  answered  bf 
selections  from  the  original,  and  the 
appendage  of  judicious  notes  *  where 
the  text  required  an  elucidation,  or 
any  analogy*  of  the  customs  and  insti- 
tutions of  other  Gothic  kingdoms  sag- 


*  Mr.  Liiing^s  notes  to  the  preaeal  j 
work  are  not  alwaji  remarkable  for  ae-  ^ 
curacy  ;  e.  y,  he  aays,  vol.  i.  p.  A\H^ 
wpeaking  of  an  engagesaent  between  the  , 
west*Saxon  Idag  and  the  Dane  Erie, 
the  pretender  to  NorthonibHa:  "  Thie  { 
baUla,  aeoovdiif  le  the  Saioa  Chronicle,  J 
took  plaee  S<4.    It  mentioas  the  fall  <  " 


608 


Review.*— Ctvt/  War  Tracis  relating  io  Lancashire.       [Jane, 


gested  itself.  This  would  have  made 
a  smaller  and  more  readable  book, 
but  might  not  have  suited  Mr.  Laing's 
literary  ambition. 

After  what  has  been  advanced  by 
Mr.  Laing  touching  the  superiority  of 
the  ancient  Norse  literati,  it  will  be 
proper  to  give  the  reader  a  specimen 
of  the  literature  which  Mr.  Laing  so 
earnestly  extols  above  the  lore  of  St. 
Beda,  the  graceful  poesy  of  Alcuin, 
the  romance  of  Beowulf,  or  the  heroic 
history  of  Byrhtnoth  (vol.  i.  p.  226). 
The  following  elegant  fiction  records 
one  king  Fiolner's  death  : — 

•*  Once,  when  Fiolner  went  to  Frode 
in  Sealand,  a  great  feast  was  prepared  for 
him,  and  invitations  to  it  were  sent  all  . 
over  the  country.  Frode  had  a  large 
house  in  \\-hich  there  was  a  great  vessel 
many  ells  high,  and  put  together  of  great 
pieces  of  timber,  and  this  vessel  stood 
in  a  lower  room.  Above  it  was  a  loft, 
in  the  floor  of  which  was  an  opening 
through  which  liquor  was  poured  into 
this  vessel.  The  vessel  was  full  of  mead, 
which  was  excessively  strong.  In  the 
evening  Fiolner  with  his  attendants  was 
taken  into  the  adjoining  loft  to  sleep. 
In  the  night  he  went  out  to  the  gallery 
outside,  to  seek  the  privy  of  tlie  house, 
and  he  was  very  sleepy  and  exceedingly 
drunk.  As  he  came  back  to  his  room," 
&c. 

Jam  satis  ! 


A  Collection  of  Civil  War  Tracts  re- 
lating to  Lancashire. 
THIS  second  publication  of  the 
Chetham  Society,  edited  by  the  learned 
historian  of  Cheshire,  Mr.  Ormerod, 
18  in  many  points  of  view  a  valua- 
ble addition  to  the  history  of  the 
county  ;  consisting,  however,  of  a 
great  variety  of  materials,  few  of 
which  arc  properly  authenticated, 
and  many  of  them  ab')unding  in 
errors  and  mis-statement:*,  derived 
from  many  sources,  and  of  very  dif- 
ferent degrees  of  authority.  It  has 
been  the  aim  of  the  editor  to  reduce 


a  RpKeniild — Rognvald — and  an  Anlaf.'' 
TheCI  ronicle  bowcversiraplystates,  *•  Her 
Eadiniirid  ryiiiiig  KCi^ode  eal  North}  mbra- 
land  ill  in  to  gewcalde  and  nflymde  ut  twe- 
gen  cyningas.  Anlaf  Sybtrices  sunu  and 
Regenald  Guthferthes."  Five  years  after 
the  sar.ic  Anlaf  is  recorded  by  this 
Chronicle  to  have  returned  to  Northum- 
berlaod. 

G 


them  to  shape,  and  draw  out  of  them 
a  tolerably  regular  and  consistent  nar- 
rative of  the  events  of  those  stirring 
times.  It  is  not  at  all  surprising  that, 
in  doing  this,  he  should  have  over- 
looked some  of  these  errors,  or  have 
made  slight  mistakes  in  doubtful 
matters,  more  especially  where  a  local 
knowledge  was  necessary  to  remove 
the  difficulties  of  the  original  writers  ; 
and  it  is  solely  with  a  view  of  carry- 
ing out  Mr.  Ormerod's  work  that  we 
make  the  following  remarks  and  sug- 
gestions.* 

One  of  the  most  curious  of  these 
tracts  is  by  the  German  engineer 
Lieut. -Col.  John  Rosworm,  entitled 
"  Good  Service  hitherto  ill-rewarded  ; 
or,  an  Historicall  Relation  of  eight 
years  Services  for  the  King  and  Par- 
liament, done  in  and  about  Manches- 
ter and  those  parts."  Printed  at  Lon- 
don in  1649.  After  detailing  certain 
exploits  he  goes  on  to  say, 

*  •  Whilest  I  was  prosecuting  these  things, 
I  was  sollicited,  April  the  I,  1643,  by  the 
Deputy  Lieutenants,  to  attend  and  assist 
our  forces,  against  Wigan :  for  indeed 
the  souldiers  declared  themselves  discon- 
tented, if  I  went  not  along  with  them.  I 
went  accordingly,  being  loath  that  those 
should  want  any  of  my  service  who  bad 
afforded  me  such  roome  in  their  hearts ; 
nor  were  we  without  a  happy  successe  in 
our  attempt,  for  by  a  gallant  assault, 
chiefly  of  Collonel  Ashton's  men,  we  took 
that  strong  town  in  less  than  an  houre. 
The  town  being  taken,  to  my  best  remem- 
brance, we  sent  500  muskettiers  of  Col- 
lonel Ashton^s  men  to  secure  Bolton^  not 
far  from  us.  Whilest  the  town  was  taken, 
the  enemy  having  for  a  refuge  observed 
and  fitted  the  church  and  steeple  adjoyn- 
ing  for  their  advantage,  fled  thither  as 
many  as  could,  and  killed  from  thenci*, 
1  dare  say,  more  men  after  the  taking  of 
the  town,  than  we  had  lost  in  the  whole 
assault  besides.  Whilest  we  struggled 
with  this  difficulty,  an  alarum  was  sent  us 
from  tlie  enemy  ;  I  went  speedily  with 
Hoinc  few  horse  to  view  the  state  they 
stood  in.  I  found  them  onely  three 
slender  troops  of  horse,  who,  observing  us 
to  present  a  resolute  face  towards  them, 
they  iii>tat)tly  tried  their  heels,  and  gave 
us  language  enough  in  their  disorder,  to 
tell  us  we  need  not  trouble  ourselves  with 
such  enemies.    I  returned  with  what  hast 


*  Communicated  by  John  RobsoDi  esq. 
of  Warrington. 


1944.]      Review.— CiVi7  War  Tracts  relathp  to  Laneaihire. 


609 


I  could,  with  the  truth  hi  my  month,  bi»t 
found  CoUotiel  Hollimd  in  such  a  shaking 
agony  of  fear,  that  he  was  ready  to  march 
away  with  all  oyr  forces «  consisting  of 
9000  foot,  most  part  good  muakettierB, 
the  rest  club  and  biU  mcn«  and  to  my  heit 
remembrance  about  ^00  or  300  hone, 
besides  eight  peece  of  ordnance,  and  no 
want  either  of  ammunition  or  proTiatons* 
And  furely  with  thii  force  I  durst  have 
seen  the  face  of  the  greatest  eoemiet  we 
bad  about  us,  though  conjoyned  at  that 
time*  H  avtng  this  eonfidence,  I  eamet tly 
deflrcd  him  not  to  leare  that  garrison  »o 
fetrfnUy,  that  was  woo  fto  galhiatly ;  or,  if 
he  would  not  stay  himself,  to  LeaTc  me  500 
muskettters,  and  one  troop  of  horse,  and 
clear  me  of  the  priaoQers,  of  which  we  had 
already  good  store,  and  i  would  entertain 
any  attempt  of  the  eoemie,  and  proaecute 
the  rest  of  the  serrice  touching  the  towDi 
which  was  yet  unAnisbed.  His  answer 
waif  Stay  that  stay  would,  be  nor  any  of 
his  men  either  would  or  *hoQld  stay,  I 
oould  almost  have  torn  my  flesh  at  this 
•aswer;  yet*  mpprosflagmypaasaoQ,  with 
deep  in  treaties  and  repeated  penwaaiona, 
he  was  at  length  wrought  so  farre  as  to 
promise  a  stay  till  I  hud  forced  those  who 
hid  poatesscd  the  udviintage  of  the  church 
■ttipifi  wholly  to  surrender;  I  having 
asaured  him  that  I  would  either  do  it,  or 
otherwise  in  one  houre  blowe  them  up, 
he  gave  me  his  band  to  assure  me  of  his 
stay-  1  thereupon  lirst  summoned  them, 
but  in  vain.  I  prepared  for  execution,  the 
erent  whereof  startling  the  enemy,  they 
all  surrendered,  being  H(>  in  number.  But 
whilest  [  was  receiving  their  arms,  and 
making  preparation  for  their  con roy,  CoU 
lond  Holland  (for,  alas  t  who  csn  settle  a 
treofibling  heart  ?)  marched  away  with  all 
the  forces,  left  me  with  one  company  only, 
(these  also,  fearing  their  inabilitie  to  deal 
with  so  many  prisoners,  forsaking  me,)  eu. 
gaged  amongst  400  prisoners,  many  good 
arma,  two  great  peeces  of  ordnance,  in  the 
middest  of  a  town  where  generally  aU  the 
to wns -people  were  great  maHgnants.  Being 
thus  wholly  forsaken  by  all,  I  was  forced 
first  to  run  to  finde  my  horse,  und  Co  Hie 
for  my  life,  which,  in  such  a  danger,  was 
most  strangely  saved."  pp.  225-  2^. 

It  is  evident  that  Roftworm.  writing 
from  memory,  ba^%  made  u  mistake  in 
the  name  of  the  town.  BoUun  had 
sncccsafully  resisted  an  attar k  of  the 
Ear  I  of  Derby  in  the  previous  Fe- 
bruary, and  waa  decidedly  attachni  to 
the  Parliament.  The  twenty- fifth 
tract  is  *' Fir«t  Assaalt  "  i;  le- 
Moors  by  Lord  Derby's  i  cea. 

Feb,  16,  1642-3/'  Uul  ^nm  irmct 
XXXI.  and  the  notes  tipon   it  (p.  51)^ 

Gs^vi.  Mao.  Vol»  XXI, 


wc  learn  that  after  the  reduction  of 
Wigan  the  Manchester  troops  ad- 
vanced to  Warrington,  "with  their 
valued  and  faithfull  German  engineer/' 
It  was  *'  n  town  of  great  strength, 
where  some  write  the  Lord  Strange 
waa  quartered,  where  being  arrived 
they  gave  a  suddaine  a  valiant  onset 
against  the  town,  which  put  the  said 
earl  and  his  forces  to  sach  a  non-plus, 
that  maugre  their  resistance  they  were 
forced  into  tile  church  to  secure  them- 
selves, where  without  all  question  the 
said  earl  is  surprised  or  slain/'  &c. 
P.  93.  The  Royalists'  account  from 
Mercurius  Aulicus  ts  very  different  to 
this,  but  describes  the  same  event  as 
occurring  in  the  Hrst  week  of  April 
1643.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  for 
Bolton  in  Rosworm's  "Good  Service" 
wc  ought  to  read  WarriMffton.  This 
is  plain  from  the  tract  "  Lancashire's 
Valley  of  Achor  i"  the  author  says, 
"  we  assaulted  Warrimjion  the  fifth 
day  of  April,  about  four  of  the  clock, 
till  the  night  tooke  us  off.  This  we 
came  to  leave  our  dead,  to  distress  the 
well  aflTected  in  the  towne,  to  shame 
our  courage,**  &c. 

The  title  of  Tract  xxxiv.  is  "  Ex- 
ceeding Joyfull  News  out  of  Lanca- 
shire, Nottinghamshire,  and  Lincoln- 
shire, or  an  extract  of  certain  letter* 
from  thence,  being  a  True  Relation 
of  the  Parliament  Forces  taking  the 
Townes  of  Warrington  and  Whit- 
church,'* 4tc,  LoodoQ,  1643.  From 
the  learned  editor's  note  it  appears 
that  the  only  printed  copy  known  was 
in  the  collection  of  Mr.  Thomas  Hey- 
wnod,  from  which  a  transcript  had  been 
made  by  Mr.  Baines,  (author  of  the 
Histor)'  of  Lancashire,)  to  whom  Mr. 
Ormerod  U  indebted  for  it. 

"Whether  the  <>t«t(«menU  are  correct 

or  otherwise,  th  •  v  g  M  r*  Orraerod, 

♦  *  is  of  no  sma  i  .  om  its  reference 
to  the  first  |>aii..i...v.M.tky  occapatioa  of 
Liver|)ool.     It  is  necessary  to  read  Aahf 
for  Aston  ;  ami  n*  Waririck  was  AdmirtX  { 
for  (fm  i'  £i  Ajneiid- 

ment  by  initead  of  ^ 

♦  Ear'"  '>«  f.li  ttid«, 

fen 

I 


610 


RfiViEW.^^C/vt/  War  TracU  relating  to  Laneaihhre.      {3nn6f 


if  also  obsenrable,  as  it  is  extraordinary 
that  a  town  covering  Lathom,  and  com- 
manding the  centre  of  South  Lancashire, 
which  had  been  twice  taken  by  Manches- 
ter forces,  and  was  in  the  possession  of 
Parliament  in  a  carefully  dismantled  state, 
should  be  selected  by  Ashton  as  the  pUce 
to  send  Col.  Tyldesley  and  his  Royalists 
to.  iri/A  ordnance^  arntft  and  ammu- 
nition, 

"  The  time  when  Liverpool  passed  into 
the  hands  of  the  Manchester  forces,  how- 
erer,  (in  whatsoever  manner.)  would  be 
the  last  week  of  May  or  beginning  of  June 
1643." 

The  blunders  in  the  tract  itself  are 
quite  enough  to  render  it  worthless  as 
an  authority  ;  but  it  has  betrayed  the 
learned  editor  into  one  or  two  errors 
which  ought  to  be  corrected.  No 
conflict  took  place  at  Liverpool  at  this 
ftriod,  and,  according  to  the  tract 
Itself,  it  was  Col.  Tyldesley  who 
proposed  to  Ashton  that  the  Royalists 
should  retire  to  Wigan.  its  narrative 
states,  that 

"  After  the  Earl  of  Derby's  flight 
the  Papists,  and  those  who  adhere  unto 
them,  betooke  themselves  to  a  towne 
called  Warrington^  and  another  towne 
called  Whitchurch t  which  places  were 
both  very  strongly  fortified  with  men, 
ammunition,  powder,  and  ordnance. 

"  Whereupon  the  Manchester  forces 
besieged  the  said  townes.  and  after  about 
ten  dayes  siege  the  enemy  quitted  them- 
selves of  part  of  the  towne  of  ff^arrington, 
together  with  the  church ;  for  that  they 
conceived  that  in  leaving  thereof  they 
should  the  more  advantage  themselves, 
thinking  that  the  Manchester  forces  would 
not  in  a  few  dayes  scale  their  workes,  and 
enter  into  those  places  which  they  had 
left.»* 

Certainly  the  bravery  of  the  Royalists 
in  quitting  the  place  could  only  be 
equalled  by  the  prudence  of  the  Par- 
liamentarians in  not  entering  it. 

**  About  which  time  one  of  the  ships, 
under  the  command  of  the  Earl  of  War- 
wicke,  strooke  into  the  harbour  called 
Leverpoole,  into  the  river  of  Merse,  which 
cometh  to  the  said  towne,  and  put  the 
enemy  into  a  great  feare ;  and  although 
the  ship  came  in  rather  by  accident  than 
with  any  intent  to  aide  the  Earle  of 
Derbies  forces,  yet  within  two  days  after, 
the  Manchester  men  having  gotten  the 
great  street,  and  planted  their  ordnance 
on  the  church  which  commanded  the 
towne,  the  Popish  forces  sent  to  desire  a 
parley  with  Colonell  Aston,  which  was 
commander-in-chiefe  of  tho  Manchetttr 


forces,  upon  which  hostages  were  deliTored 
on  both  sides,  and  propositions  made  to 
Colonell  Jston  by  Colonel  TilUtief  to 
this  effect,  viz. — 

*'  L  That  the  forces  in  the  towne  sbovld 
surrender  up  the  same  to  Colonell  Aston 
for  the  use  of  the  King  and  Parliament 
upon  quarter. 

'*  II.  That  they  should  carry  away  with 
them  their  ordnance,  armes,  and  ammu- 
nition, and  so  march  away  with  bag  and 
baggai|;e. 

"III.  That,  without  pursuit  or  inter- 
ruption of  the  Parliament's  forces,  they 
should  march  to  Wiggin,  or  some  other 
place  in  that  county,  without  molestation. 

**  Which  proposition  not  being  con- 
sented unto,  Colonell  Ashton  made  ano- 
ther assault  against  the  enemy,  slew  many 
of  them,  and  put  them  into  such  con- 
fusion, that  as  many  of  them  as  could 
lied  away  for  safety,  and  the  rest  were 
forced  to  yield  themselves  prisoners. 
There  were  in  the  towne  about  sixteene 
hundred  horse  and  foote,  of  ^hich  abovt 
three  hundred  were  taken  prisoners  ; 
and  those  that  escaped  were  forced  to 
leave  their  armes  behind  them,  and  ten 
good  pieces  of  ordnance,  besides  all  their 
bag  aud  baggage.  It  is  reported  that, 
from  the  beginning  of  the  siege,  CotonM 
Ashton  lost  but  seven  men,  and  that  there 
were  slaine  of  the  enemies  forces  (as  it  is 
reported  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  towne} 
at  least  eighty  persons,  many  of  them 
being  of  good  quality." — pp.  103,  4,  5. 

The  whole  of  this  statement  refers 
to  the  second  siege  of  Warrington, 
which,  according  to  BurghalTs  Diary, 
commenced  on  May  21st;  the  church 
and  steeple  surrendered  on  the  26th, 
and  the  town  on  the  28th,  as  stated 
in  the  "Valley  of  Achor."  What 
has  apparently  misled  the  learned 
editor,  is  the  account  of  the  vessel 
coming  "  into  the  harbour  called  Le- 
vcrpoole,  into  the  river  of  Merse, 
which  comraelh  to  the  said  towne" — 
viz.  Warrington,  of  which  the  writer 
had  just  hcc-n  speaking. 

The  letter  quoted  from  Mcrcurius 
Politicus  at  p.  287  is  dated  from  Stock - 
den  Heath,  now  Stockton  Heath,  about 
a  mile  and  a-half  south  of  Warrington, 
on  the  road  to  Northwich. 


!%€  Barons*  War,  including  the  battles 
of  Lewes  and  Evesham,     By  William 
Henry  Blaauw,  Esq.  M,A,    4fo.  pp, 
321. 
IF  we  may   "draw   conclusions" 

from  the  place  whence  the  preface  to 


1841] 


RfiviKW*— Blnauw'6  Barons  liar* 


611 


the  present  work  ia  datedi  its  auttior 
resides  wiihin  a  few  mtlca  of  the  cJistle 
and  bat tlo- field  of  Lewes.  The  "dis- 
tant view  *'  of  these  memorable  locali. 
ties  induced  bitii  toexaraine  into  '*  the 
causes  and  circumstancee  of  the  great 
event  which  has  given  thera  a  place  in 
history/'  and,  hnally,  put  it  into  his 
mind  to  write  this  goodly  volump,  \n 
which  he  has  illustrated  llie  **  san- 
guinary contest"  between  the  barons 
and  their  sovereign  by  an  inquiry  into 
'*  the  manner?  and  temper  of  the 
times/'  and  "  the  characters  and 
motives  of  the  chief  actors/'  In 
carrying  out  his  design  Mr.  Blaauw 
waA  greatly  assisted  by  some  publtca- 
tions  of  the  Carodeo  Society/  but  he 
by  no  means  confined  himself  to  such 
authorities  as  could  be  consulted  in  his 
retirement  at  Newick ;  the  British 
Museum  presents  a  variety  of  import- 
ant unpublished  materials,  and  many 
of  these  he  aecma  to  have  referred  to 
and  used,  so  that  his  liook  is  founded 
upon  the  beat  authorities.  His  sub- 
ject, we  need  scaiely  remark,  is  one  of 
great  historical  importance  and  curi- 
osity. ITie  hero  who  wa^  the  victor 
at  Lewes^  and  who  died  as  a  hero 
ought  to  die  at  Evesham*  has  not  had 
justice  done  to  him.  His  naiue  is  one 
of  the  greatest  in  our  early  history, 

♦  We  especially  allude  to  these  pubhca- 
tions  Dot  merely  because  Mr*  BUnuw  has 
derived  b  very  great  deal  of  blei  matter 
from  them,  bat  because  ako  the  bUusIoq 
give^  QS  an  opportunity  of  correcting  a 
lingular  blunder  in  the  last  published  num- 
ber of  the  Quarterly  Review,  No.  CXLVI, 
p.  j^il.  Our  eminent  contemporary  ex- 
presses tiis  surprise  that  *'  these  Cana- 
drnijiiui  should  b«ve  escftped  Mr.  Blasuw." 
Esciiped  him !  Why.  all  the  newest  and 
mo!(t  interesttng  matter  in  his  book  is  de- 
rived from  them  !  The  critic  w&a  led  into 
this  mistake  by  Mr.  Blsauw,  whose  re- 
ferences arc  extremely  imperfect  and  not 
Jiuite  fair.  No  one  who  finds  '•  Poiit.  S. 
rom  MS.  H«rl  978/  ♦*  Pol.  S.  from  MS. 
Hart.  2nsr  **  PoL  S.  from  MS.  13th 
cent."  at  the  bottom  of  page  after  page 
of  Mr.  Blaauw's  book  must  suppose,  aa 
the  innocent  critic  in  the  Quarterly  did, 
thttt  these  are  proofs  of  the  author's  **  re- 
search/' They  are  all  refefencci  to  the 
Camden  Society*s  publication  entitled  *•  Po- 
litical Snngi/*  edited  by  Mr.  Wright, 
whose  name  never  appears  in  Mr.  Blaauw'a 
book  I  All  Mr.  Blaaow'i  refere&ces  are 
laoBt  imperfect. 


but  he  opposed  his  sovereign,  and  haa 
consequently  been  treated  with  scorn 
by  one  claas  of  our  historical  writers  : 
he  supported  the  Church  against  the 
Pope,  and  has  therefore  been  traduced 
by  another  class.  Of  late  years,  in- 
deed, a  more  candid  tone  has  been 
adopted.  The  calm  philosophy  of  Sir 
James  Mackintosh  has  worked  wonders 
in  Simon  de  Montforl's  favour,  but 
much  yet  remains  to  be  done,  much 
which  the  time  has  not  arrived  for 
doing*  Before  his  merits  and  his  mis- 
deeds can  be  duly  appreciated,  portiotis 
of  several  of  the  works  in  MS.  referred 
to  by  Mr.  Blaauw,  and.  above  all,  the 
letters  of  Adam  de  Martsco,  must  be 
published.  Why,  let  us  ask,  have  those 
letters  not  yet  appeared?  We  were 
told  four  years  ago,  in  the  introduction 
to  Rishaoger,  that  they  would  ere  long 
be  printed  entire.  We  know  not  who 
entertained  the  design  at  that  time. 
Whoever  it  was,  if  he  has  rtdinquished 
it,  we  venture  to  suggest  the  publica- 
tion to  Mr.  Wright  and  the  Camden 
Society ;t  or^  if  Mr,  Wright's  hands 
are  full,  Mr.  Blaauw  would  bring  a 
very  competent  acquaintance  with  that 
particular  period  to  the  work  of  editor* 
ship. 

The  book  before  tis  wanta  com- 
pression in  some  of  those  parts  which 
relate  to  the  minor  details  of  the 
30  hject,  whilst  some  of  its  most  striking 
points  are  passed  over  a  little  too 
hastily.  The  narrative  is  defective  in 
what  artists  term  relief.  Mr.  Blaauw 
has  got  together  his  materials  with 
care,  he  has  put  all  his  ofajecta  upon 
the  canvas,  but  they  are  not  grouped 
with  sufficient  attention  to  light  and 
shade.  The  power,  however,  of  pro* 
ducine;  in  historical  writing  that  im- 
pression which  is  analogous  to  the 
pictorial  effect  of  the  artist,  is  one  of 
a  very  high  order,  and  many  a  useful 

t  We  VFOuld  beg,  also,  to  be  allowed  to 
echo  the  recommendation  of  the  writer  of 
the  article  in  the  Quarterly  Review,  to 
which  we  have  before  referred,  that  Mr. 
Wright  should  continue  his  Political 
Songs.  His  original  design  waj  to  bring 
the  collection  down  to  the  death  of  Richard 
HI.  and  wc  hope  he  has  not  abandoned 
it.  The  testimony  of  the  Qtiarterlr  Rat* 
viewer,  and  the  v  * 

^Jr,  Bhiautr    — 
Wright's  f 
had  b€«n  A 


U 


5^  fwi  X/h 


612 


Rbtibw.— filaanw's  Barons*  War. 


[JanCf 


book  is  compiled  by  writers  who  have 
not  arrived  at  the  possession  of  it. 
Such  a  book  is  Mr.  Blaauw's.  It  is 
generally  a  full  narrative,  written  in  a 
pleasing  discursive  manner,  and  that 
part  of  it  of  which  the  scene  lies  near 
Lewes  is  illustrated  by  Mr.  Blaauw's 
local  knowledge,  and  by  some  interest- 
ing engravings. 

In  May,  1264,  Henry  111.  took  up 
hit  quarters  at  the  priory  of  Lewes, 
whilst  in  the  castle  and  neighbourhood 
of  that  ancient  town  there  mustered 
around  him  an  army  so  numerous, 
that  it  seemed  to  justify  the  contempt 
with  which  he  regarded  the  com- 
paratively  feeble  bands  of  his  rebellious 
subjects.  His  brother  the  king  of  the 
Romans,  and  his  gallant  son  Prince 
Edward,  were  the  leaders  of  the  royal 
host,  the  sovereign  bringing  to  the 
field  only  the  authority  of  his  name 
and  the  celebrated  royal  standard  of 
the  Dragon,  an  oriflamme,  the  rearing  of 
which  boded  death  to  thousands.  The 
opposing  army,  reinforced  by  a  body 
of  London  citizens,  advanced  to  Fletch- 
ing,  a  Tillage  "about  nine  miles 
north"  from  Lewes,  (p.  120,)  and 
from  their  camp,  pitched  in  the  depths 
of  an  adjoining  forest,  despatched  an 
embassy  to  the  king.*  The  am- 
bassadors, who  were  the  bishops  of 
London  and  Worcester,  offered  the 
king  a  large  sum  of  money  if  he  would 
consent  to  a  reference  of  the  subject 
in  dispute  to  any  number  of  competent 
clerical  arbitrators.  Confident  in  the 
strength  of  the  royal  army,  these  terms 
were  rejected  with  scorn.  Prince  Ed- 
ward declaring  that  the  barons  should 
have  no  peace  unless  they  put  halters 
round  their  necks,  and  surrendered 
themselves  to  be  hanged  or  drawnf  at 
the  royal  pleasure. 

Such  an  answer  put  an  end  to  ne- 
gociation,  and  the  succeeding  night 
was  spent  by  the  two  armies  in  a 
manner  strikingly  parallel  to  that  which 
preceded  the  battle  of  Agincourt.     De 


*  Mr.  Blaauw  gives  March  13,  1264, 
at  the  date  of  their  letter  to  the  king.  It 
should  be  Majf  not  March, 

t  Mr.  Blaauw  says  (p.  139,)  "  for  us 
to  hang  them  up  or  drag  them  down  as 
we  please."    The  words  are, 

**et  ad  sQspendendam 
Semet  nobis  obli^nt,  vel  ad  detrahendom. " 
WrighVi  Pol,  ffongi,  p.  84. 


Montfort  was  the  Henry  V.  and  the 
similarity  of  his  conduct  proves  that 
the  great  features  of  heroism  are  the 
same  in  every  age,  in  like  manner  as 
the  contempt  in  which  he  was  held  by 
the  royalists  shews  that  the  lineaments 
of  folly  are  equally  permanent. 

Before  sunrise  .  the  army  of  the 
barons  was  in  motion.  A  silent  march 
through  the  intervening  forest  brought 
them  within  sight  of  Lewes,  the  sur- 
prise of  a  solitary  sleeping  sentinel 
stationed  at  an  important  out-post 
put  them  in  possession  of  information 
aa  to  the  disposition  of  the  royal  army, 
and,  ere  its  leaders  had  recovered 
from  the  festivities  of  the  preceding 
evening,  the  army  of  the  barons  covered 
that  part  of  the  range  of  the  South 
Downs  which  rises  abruptly  to  the 
eastward  of  Lewes.  "The  ground," 
says  Mr.  Blaauw,  "here  branches  off 
into  three  projecting  points  separated 
from  each  other  by  deep  hollows,  all 
more  or  less  advancing  towardsLewes." 
(p.  154.)  Each  of  these  projections 
became  the  position  of  a  division  of 
the  rebel  army.  On  the  north  or  left 
nearly  opposite  the  castle  were  stationed 
the  Londoners ;  on  the  south  or  right 
a  division  under  the  command  of  two 
of  de  Montfort's  sons  ;  and,  between 
those  two  bodies,  the  centre,  com- 
manded by  Gilbert  de  Clare  Earl  of 
Gloucester,  "  occupied  that  branch  of 
the  hill  descending  with  an  unin- 
terrupted slope  into  the  town."  (p.  156.) 
De  Montfort  himself  headed  a  reserved 
force  in  the  rear  (p.  158)  ;  and  the 
bagg^agc  with  a  car,  or  "  chare,"  which 
an  accident  had  lately  compelled  de 
Montfort  to  occupy,  were  stationed 
apart  in  a  conspicuous  position  either 
for  convenience  or  by  design,  (p.  151.) 

Prince  Edward  began  the  fight  by 
sallying  from  the  castle  (p.  167)  at 
the  head  of  a  gallant  body  of  chivalry 
to  meet  the  advancing  Londoners. 
Some  insults  lately  received  by  the 
queen  in  passing  through  the  metro- 
polis, and  the  general  evil  repute  of 
the  citizens  for  disloyalty,  gave  to  the 
prince's  attack  something  of  the  bitter 
feeling  of  revenge  (p.  l69)  ;  he 
"thirsted  for  their  blood,"  says  an 
old  chronicler  quoted  by  our  author, 
"aa  the  hart  pants  for  cooling  streams." 
(p.  171.)  "  Erect  as  a  palm,"  and 
followed  by  the  noblest  of  the  sup- 
porters of  the  falling  monarchy,  he 


18440 


REviEW.-^Blaaaw*8  Baront*  War* 


«18 


ruahed  forth  upon  the  uadificiplined 
and  ilUarmed  citizen^^  and  scattered 
thtm  like  chaJf  before  the  wind.  Their 
llight  was  homewards  "  towards  Lon- 
don," says  tlie  city  annalist,  and 
"  along  the  most  northern  slope  of  the 
downs  numerous  bones  and  arms  have 
been  found,''  provmg  the  aimpte  accu- 
racy of  the  chronicler,  and  *'  tracing 
the  direction  of  their  tlight  towards 
the  west,  where  the  abrupt  steepness 
of  the  ground  afforded  fugitives  on 
foot  the  best  chance  of  escape  from 
horsemen."  (p.  172.)  For  four  miks 
(p.  173)  the  prince  continued  his 
murderous  pursuit,  driving  the  6ying 
wretches  into  the  river  on  the  one 
hand,  and  cutting  them  to  pieces  witb 
his  cavalry  on  the  other  ;  and  thus 
was  '*  one  entire  wing"  of  de  Mont- 
fort's  army  not  only  "  cleared  off  the 
ground,"  but  almost  annihilated,  and 
apparently  without  any  endeavour  to 
aid  them  on  the  part  of  their  leader. 

His  attention  was  probably  suffi- 
ciently occupied  by  the  proceedings  in 
another  part  of  the  field,  where  the 
King  of  the  Romans  led  a  vigorous 
attack  upon  de  Montfort's  left  wing. 
The  advantage  of  the  ground  gave  in* 
creased  power  to  the  slingers  in  the 
barona'  army,  and  not  only  several 
charges  of  this  division  of  the  royal 
troops  were  withstood,  but  ultimately 
they  were  driven  to  flight,  and 
routed  by  the  treaiendous  power 
of  this  apparently  simple  engine,  (p. 
175.)  De  BohuD,  Percy,  with  Bruce, 
Baiiol,  and  Corayn.  the  leaders  of  the 
Scotch  auxiliaries,  and  many  other 
noblemen,  surrendered  themselves  as 
prisoners,  whilst  the  King  of  the 
Romans  fled  for  refuge  to  a  mill,  long 
after  known  as  "  King  Harry's  Mill/' 
although  Mr.  Blaauw's  endeavours  to 
identify  the  spot  on  which  it  stood 
have  been  ineflfectuaL  (p.  1800 

This  was  the  critical  momeut  of  the 
day.     Placed  betwi^ 
on  the  one  side  vn 
other  defeated,  de  Mont  1 
all  his  force  upon  tht^ 
where  the  king  was  stai...  u,   ,i.  ,,,,■ 
hope   of  routing  that   before    Prince* 
Edward  could  returu  to  hi»  fnth,  < 
aid.    Although   personally  ut 
the  king  gallantly  defended    > 
hut,  oferj>owered   by   number  a, 
compelled  to   retreat  to  the   pr*^ 
^'(tom  whence  he  had  jnnrcLvd  in  ihs 


morning  so  full  of  hope  and  pride."  (p* 
1 77.)  Here  the  contest  was  maintained 
until  the  evening,  the  superiority  of 
the  barons  and  the  danger  of  the  king 
becoming  more  apparent  every  hour* 
the  King  of  the  Romans  being  com- 
pelled to  surrender  himself  and  hia 
windmill,*  and  King  Henry  being  peat 
up  in  the  abbey. 

When  the  prince  had  satiated  hia 
revengeful  feelings  against  the  Lon- 
doners he  returned  with  all  the 
pride  and  satisfaction  of  a  con- 
queror, but  on  his  way  was  attracted 
by  de  Muntfort*s  "  car  or  chare  '* 
stationed,  as  we  have  mentioned,  with 
hid  standard  and  baggage,  on  a  con- 
spicuous position  on  the  downs  ;  and* 
in  the  hope  that  he  might  find  hit 
great  adversary  still  confined  there  by 
lameness,  he  wasted  precious  momenta 
in  a  vain  and  inglorious  attack  upon 
the  **  chare."  It  was  eight  o'clock  ia 
the  evening  when  he  returned  to 
Lewes,  his  men  weary  and  "journey- 
bated-" 


hat 


*'  With  great  joy  he  turned  again, 
little  joy  he  found/' 

The  town  waa  in  the  poasession  of 
the  barons,  although  the  castle  and 
the  abbey  still  held  out  for  the  king. 
Ignorant  of  the  disasters  which  had 
taken  place  during  his  absence,  the 
prince  bad  no  means  of  ascertaining 
their  extent  except  by  fighting  his  way 
through  the  ranks  of  his  enemies. 
The  great  difficulty  was  at  the  bridge. 

**  Many  leaped  into  the  river,  whilst 
others  fled  oonfosedly  into  the  a4Joiaiag 
marshest  then  a  resort  for  sea-fowl*  Nam* 
bera  were  there  drowned^  and  otben  taf* 
focated  in  the  pits  of  mud,  while »  from 
the  swampy  lutturc  of  the  ground,  maay 
knights  who  perished  Uierc  were  discoven^d 
alter  Ihe  battle  still  Hitting  on  their  borsea 
in  oompkte  armour,  and  with  drawn 
swords  in  thvir  lifeless  hsiuU*  Qaantitug 
of  arm*  were  found  in  this  <|uarter  for 
mtinj  jcoff  afterwards."  (p.  114.) 

Till..      nruM'i^      !.riit      tlii^    mntt*    i !   i     .  n,  g^   Jjf 

hiag 

the 

kirr  ifi|K»rterB» 


Ji^ita 


614 


Review, — Men  vale's  Minor  Poems  by  Schiller.        \3uaic. 


panic- stricken,  and  believing  every- 
thing to  be  lost,  fled  in  haste  to  Peven- 
My,  and  secared  their  safety  by  at 
ODce  crossing  into  France.  In  the 
mean  time,  as  the  night  advanced, 
the  contest  at  Lewes  assumed  a  more 
dreadful  form.  By  some  contrivance, 
probably  resembling  the  Greek  fire  (p. 
185),  the  garrison  of  the  castle  suc- 
ceeded in  setting  the  town  on  Arc  in 
several  places.  The  barons  retaliated 
by  firing  the  priory,  and  pillage  was 
added  to  slaughter.  In  order  to  stay 
this  hideous  confusion,  dc  Montfort 
suggested  a  truce  until  the  morrow, 
(p.  186,)  which  was  consented  to, 
and  thus  the  combatants  were  se- 
vered for  the  night  When  the  day 
dawned  the  utter  and  hopeless  state 
of  ruin  to  which  the  royal  cause 
had  been  reduced  became  so  ap- 
parent that  an  accommodation  was 
agreed  to,  which  yielded  the  prince  a 
prisoner  as  a  hostage  for  his  father, 
and  placed  the  chief  power  in  the  state 
in  the  hands  of  de  Montfort.  How  he 
exercised  that  power  belongs  to  another 
phase  of  his  eventful  history,  and  wc 
cannot  enter  upon  it.  Our  brief  nar- 
rative of  the  sanguinary  battle  which 
£  laced  that  power  in  Lis  hands  will 
ave  sufficed  to  nhow  what  kind  of 
local  illustration  the  subject  has  re- 
ceived from  Mr.  Blaauw. 

•*The  traces  of  the  battle,"  be  says, 
'*  are  deeply  stamped  upon  the  history 
and  constitution  of  the  country,  legible  as 
those  of  Magna  Charta,  but  the  only  local 
record  of  the  vanquished  monarch  is  the 
simple  name  of  *  Mount  Harry,'  ever 
since  popularly  affixed  to  the  lofty  point 
of  the  Downs  near  the  field  of  battle. 
This  is  so  distant  from  Lewes  (nearly  two 
miles)  that  it  was  probably  in  the  rear  of 
de  Montfort's  army  ;  but  it  may,  indeed, 
have  been  where  his  car  and  standard 
were  placed,  or  where  the  king  had  posted 
his  negligent  watch  over-nighr.  The  low 
mounds  caused  by  the  heaps  of  bodies  in- 
terrupting the  smoothness  of  the  turf,  a 
decayed  bone,  or  a  broken  weapon,  occa- 
sionally found,  alone  recall  the  memory 
of  the  angry  thousands  once  assembled 
there."  (pp.  188,  189). 

Minor  Poems  by  Schiller  :  translated 
by  J.  H.  Merivale. 

IT  appears  to  be  acknowledged  by 
the  Grermans  that  Schiller  is  the 
greatest  of  their  national  poets ;  he 
who  occupied  the  other  twin-sammit  of 


Parnassus,  being  of  universal  geDios  ; 
and   Madame   De   Stael's  expression 
concerning  him,  —  •'  Ses  ecrits  soot 
Ini," — has  been  considered  so  just  as 
to  have   become   proverbial ;    bat,  as 
Mr.    Merivale   observes,  it  is  in  his 
fugitive    pieces  that   Schiller's    mind 
ought   to   be   studied  ;  for,  while  vre 
often  trace  him   in  the  personages  of 
his  drama,  in  his  shorter  and  lyrical 
poems  he  is  alirays  himself.     It  ap- 
pears that  these  poems  may  be  classed 
under  two  periods  of  the'  poet's  life, 
the  earlier  and  the  later,  and  that  the 
present  translator  has  given  only  the 
maturer  fruits  of  the  poet's  genias, 
because  it  was  wholly  impossible  to 
render  them  in  such  a  manner  as  to 
create  a  corresponding  impression  in 
the  minds  of  English  readers  :   of  his 
epigrams    also,    and    short    satirical 
pieces,  only  certain  portions  have  been 
given,   though   some   of  these  are  of 
later   date.       The   first   difficulty  the 
translator  had  to  encounter  arose  from 
the  form  of  verse  adopted  by  Schiller, 
after  the  model  of  theancieut poets;  and 
in  attempting  to  imitate  their  metres  he 
felt  that  no  previous  efforts  had  been 
crowned  with  success.     The  Germans, 
as  is  well  known,  have  succeeded  in 
introducingaspeciesof  rhythm,  founded 
on  the  classical  writers,  which  has  be- 
come popular;  and  Mr.  Merivale  con- 
ceives that  the  reason  of  their  success 
is  to  be  attributed  to  the  comparatively 
recent  grow^th  of  their  poetry,  and  its 
consequent  freedom  of  restraint  from 
those  conventional    rules  of  prosody 
which   long   habit  has  fixed   as   the 
standard  measure  of  English  versifica- 
tion.    It  is  only  in  this  single  instance 
that  he  has  not  adhered  in  translation 
to   the   metrical  form  of  the  original 
poems,  which  he  justly  thinks  to  be 
of  the  greatest  importance,  having  "a 
deep  feeling  that  form  is  of  the  very 
essence  of  poetry,  and  that  the  soul  it- 
self escapes   and    evaporates    in   the 
transfusion  of  the  sentiment  into  ano- 
ther shape  of  outward  vehicle."   Of  his 
author's  genius   it  is  to  be   expected 
that  the  translator  should  entertain  a 
high  opinion  ;  accordingly  Mr.  Meri- 
vale says,    "Tliat  the   mind   of  the 
writer  was  of  the  very  highest  order 
of  genius,  whose  affinity  to  the  greatest 
of  our  living  poets  is  too  remarkable 
to  escape  the  notice  of  even  the  most 
superficial  observer.    In  one  anhappf 


1844.]         RBrfE\v«— Merivale*8  Minor  Poems  by  Schdlef^  818 


particular,  and  for  a  brief  and  stormy 
period  of  his  poetical  existence,  the 
genius  of  ScliiUer  may  indeed  be  found 
more  closely  still  to  resemble  that  of 
the  most  Illustrious  amoni;  the  recent 
deniisens  of  our  English  Helicon  ;  hut 
the  gloomy  and  querulous  aceplicisra 
of  the  '  Resignation/  and  the  more 
splendid  profaneness  of  the  GiitUr 
Griechmtand,  are  amply  atoned  by  the 
spirit  of  Christian  humihty  aad  snb. 
mtsaton,  the  deep  sense  of  a  superin- 
tending Pjovidence,  and  the  noble 
aspirations  after  immortality  which 
mark  so  many  of  the  poet's  later  effu- 
sions :  and  his  lofty  preference  of  the 
'  things  of  the  spirit  *  over  the  paltry 
objects  and  allurements  of  sense,  will 
for  ever  place  him  at  an  immeaauiahle 
distance  in  respect  of  moral  grandeur 
above  our  equally  di»tingui«ihed,  but 
less  fortunate,  Byron/'* 

Mr.  Merivalc  had  cettainly  a  task 
ofdifEcutty  to  execute,  and  which  made 
BO  common  demands  on  his  talents  ; 
tirst,  because  to  transfuse  the  poetry 
of  the  German  languatte  into  our  own, 
required  that  the  tran^lntor  also 
should  p0!!5['ss  poetical  talent  and 
feeling,  and  that  of  a  kind  bearing 
alHnity  to  the  eanie  qualities  in  the 
author:  and  secondly,  because  these 
poeroB  are  of  a  meditative,  thoughtful, 
and  fpfleclive  character,  requiring  a 
particular  nicety  and  accuracy  of  lan- 
guage to  express  theis  at  once  with 
ease  aad  correctness*  They  abound  in 
high  abstracted  feelings  of  moral 
grandeur, — in  bright  delineations  of 
ideal  beauty.  Totran?»fusc  sujh  poetry 
into  another  language,  and  into  metres 
foreign  to  our  usage,  required  no  slight 
exercise  of  the  raind,  and  this  ttie 
translator  seems  ftrongly  to  havi?  felt, 
and  he  has  frequently  expressed  the 
diHiculty  he  experienced,  and  the 
doubts  of  his  succe*a.  We  think, 
however,  that  success  has  crowned  his 
efforts,  and  that,  on  the  whole,  ho  has 
given  as  true  and  as  elegant  a  re  flee 
tron  of  the  original  ai  could  be  antici- 
pated, even  by  ibosc  who  were  pre- 
viously acquainted  with  Mr,  Mefivale'a 
taste  and  poetical  feeling.   At  the  same 


time  we  cannot  believe  that  Schiller's 
poetry  will  be  popular  m  the  English 
dtcss.  The  German  poet  appears  to 
us  to  have  written  for  a  smaller  and 
more  select  circle  of  readers  than  the  J 
English  press  is  ambitious  to  em- 
brace ;  wc  think  it  impossible  that 
any  public,  whether  German  or  En- 
glish, could  understand,  feel,  and  ad* 
mire,  the  essential  spirit  and  thought 
of  aims  so  elevated,  of  feelings  so  pro* 
found,  and  of  associations  so  remote 
from  the  common  track  and  path  of  ^ 
their  ideas  and  sentiments,  as  form 
the  very  material  of  these  poems. 
They  require  thought  and  leisure  to 
be  reflected  on  and  understood  ;  their 
beauties  do  not  lie  on  the  surface. 
They  very  little  resemble  anything  vre 
have  in  our  older  poetry ;  except, 
perhaps,  some  portions  of  Akenaide's 
poetry  that  he  drew  from  the  fountain 
of  Piato,  may  be  thought  to  resemble 
them.  In  Wordsworth,  and  perhaps 
in  Coleridge,  a  much  closer  hkeness 
may  be  found  j  and  he  who  would 
study  the  natural  taste  and  feeling 
of  the  two  countries,  and  compare] 
their  relative  qualities,  what  they  had 
alike,  and  in  what  a  diiference  was  to 
be  observed,  might  find  no  unpleasing  \ 
or  unprofitable  task  in  the  perusal  of 
these  respective  authors*  We  have 
no  room  to  quote  the  longer  poema 
entire,  as  the  Song  of  the  Bell,  or  the 
Cranes  of  Ibycus — and  to  give  mere  ' 
fragments  would  be  useless;  but  we 
have  selected  a  ft-w  of  the  shorter  ! 
poem-;,  moie  as  specimens  of  the 
translator's  ftkill  than  of  the  author's 
genius;  which  can  only  be  appre. 
ciated  by  a  patient  and  thoughtful 
study  of  the  entire  volume. 

CASSAKDKA. 
1, 

Joy  io  TrojiiV  eouru  Bhqmnded, 

Ere  the  lofty  rnmpArts  fell ; 
Hyiints  of  jubilee  re&onnded 

F(OfM  tie  gnlden*4:hor(led  shclh 
Now  from  6rld«  of  strife  «nd  slnui^htfr 

Rests  m  peace  each  vshitat  hcAd  ; 
Whilr  la  Frium'*  fftirejit  tUughler 

J*ciru>'  gud-Ukc  aon  miu>t  wed. 


•  This  is  mf>-< 
acknowledeean 
to  be  equal  to  t 
geaitti.-^Riv. 


-i, 


616 


RiynEW.«^Meriv&Ie*s  JVtiior  Poemi  by  SchUler^        [JtM, 


Tliro*  the  streets  with  Bacchic  madnett 
Rushing:  comes  with  hollow  swell » 

And  on  thoughts  of  silent  sadness 
One  alone  is  left  to  dwell. 

3. 
Joyless  most  when  joy  exceeded 

bid  Cassandra's  footsteps  rove, 
Lonely,  desolate,  unheeded, 

Tlirough  Apollo's  laurel  grove. 
Iftid  the  forest  depths  slow  winding 

Wandered  the  prophetic  maid, 
And,  her  sacred  locks  unbinding, 

Plung  to  earth  the  mystic  braid. 

4. 

"  Joy  forgotten — bliss  forsaken- 
Each  exulting  bosom  shares ; 

And  the  sire*s  new  hopes  awaken. 
And  glad  pomp  the  sister  wears. 

I  alone  must  inly  sorrow 
When  the  sweet  illusions  fly, 

Who  behold  the  fatal  morrow 
Winged  with  ruin  hover  nigh. 

5. 
**  Lo  !  a  torch  !     I  see  it  flaring — 

Not,  alas!  in  Hymen's  hand, 
In  the  clouds  behold  it  glaring. 

But  'tis  not  an  altar  brand. 
Lo  I  the  festal  board  they're  spreading. 

But  my  full  foreboding  mind 
Marks  the  &teful  footsteps  treading 

Of  the  gloomy  god  behind. 
G. 
**  And  they  call  my  moaning  madness. 

And  they  mock  my  bosom's  smart ; 
Lonely,  then,  in  silent  sadness. 

Let  me  wear  my  burthen 'd  heart. 
By  the  happy  shunned,  discarded. 

Scorn  of  pleasure's  frolic  ring. 
Heavy  falls  thy  lot  awarded, 

Pythian  god— remorseless  king. 
7. 
"  Wherefore  hath  thy  fatal  kindness 

My  awakened  sense  decreed, 
In  this  land  of  utter  blindness. 

Thy  dark  oracles  to  read  ? 
Visual  sense  too  perfect  lending. 

Why  withhold  the  warding  power  ? 
It  must  fall — the  doom  impending 

Must  draw  on  the  dreaded  hour. 
8. 
**  Wherefore  lift  the  veil,  when  terror 

Darkly  hov'ring  threats  our  breath  ? 
Life  itself  is  nought  but  error. 

And  to  know,  alas  !  is  death. 
Hide,  oh  1  hide  fate's  dreary  portal, 

Make  mine  eyes  from  blood -stain  free ; 
'Tis  a  fearful  thing  the  mortal 

Vessel  of  thy  truth  to  be. 

9. 
**  My  blest  ignorance  restore  me, 

And  the  joys  that  once  were  mine ; 
Ne'er  came  streams  of  gladness  o'er  me 
Since  my  voice  hath  echoed  thine. 
7 


Thou,  the  thankless  future  giving, 
Didst  the  present  render  vain  ; 

Vain  the  hope,  the  bliss  of  living — 
Take  thy  false  gift  back  again. 

10. 
•*  With  the  bridal  chaplet  never 

Might  my  perfumed  locks  be  crowned. 
Since  thy  servant,  I,  for  ever 

At  the  altar's  foot  was  bound. 
All  youth's  spring-tide  sorrow-shaken. 

Life  consumed  in  ceaseless  smart. 
Each  rude  shock  by  Troy  forsaken  • 

Smote  on  my  presaging  heart. 

11. 
' 'Treading  light  youth's  sportive  measorea, 

Others  wake  to  life  and  love — 
All  who  shared  my  childhood's  pleasures, 

I  can  only  angiush  prove. 
Spring,  that  clothes  the  earth  with  glory. 

Brings  no  rapture  to  my  mind. 
Who  that  reads  life's  coming  story 

Aught  of  bliss  in  life  can  And  ? 

12. 
**  Polyxene!  for  blest  I  hold  thee. 

Who,  in  bright  illusions  drest, 
Think'st  this  night  he  shall  enfold  thee. 

He  of  Greeks  the  first  and  best. 
See,  with  pride  her  bosom  swelling. 

Transports  she  can  scarce  contain. 
Heavenly  powers !  yourselves  excellhig. 

In  the  dream  that  fires  her  brain. 
13. 
"  I  too  saw  him,  when  my  beating 

Heart  its  bosom  lord  proclaimed. 
Saw  his  beauteous  face  entreating. 

With  the  glow  of  love  enflamed. 
Then  methought  with  him  how  brightly 

Might  my  days  domestic  shine ; 
But  a  Stygian  vision  nightly 

Step|>ed  betwixt  his  arms  and  mine. 
14. 
"  All  her  pallid  spectres  yonder 

From  the  Queen  of  Night  repair  ; 
Whereaoe'er  I  walk  or  wander. 

Grisly  shapes  I  see  them  there. 
E'en  while  frolic  youth  ran  bounding, 

Thronging  still  they  on  me  pressed ; 
Ghostly  crowds  my  path  surroundings- 
No  I  I  never  can  be  blest. 
15. 
**  Murder's  steel — I  see  it  glancing  ; 

Murder's  eye — I  see  it  glare  ; 
Right  or  left  my  sight  advancing 

Horror  meets  me  everywhere. 
Tho*  I  fain  would  'scape,  unwilling. 

Knowing,  shudd'ring,  fix'd  I  stand  ; 
And,  my  destiny  fulfilling, 

Perish  in  the  stranger-land." 
16. 
Scarce  the  voice  prophetic  ended, 

Hark  !  wild  clamours  rolling  spread. 
At  the  temple  gates  extended, 

Thetis'  mighty  son  lies  dead. 


Ig44J 


REytnvf.^^tniAttibUiiiofy  o/GravenHd, 


617 


Discord  rears  her  toaky  treites, 
All  the  gods  afar  hare  flown  ; 

And  the  thunder-cluad  thick  premtf 
Heavily  over  llion. 

ON    EMMA. 

fvr  in  misty  grey  enshrouded. 
Now  my  vanished  gladness  lies, 

Oae  purt  sUr  alone,  UDctouded, 
Still  attracts  my  wandering  eyes* 

Like  the  Btars,  alai  1  its  light 

Beams  but  through  the  gloom  of  light. 

Had  thy  last  long  sleep  oppreswed  thee, 
Had  stern  death  thine  eyeiids  doted, 

Still  my  grief  would  have  poMeaaed  %bc^, 
lo  my  heart  thou  hadst  reposed; 

But  thou  liveit  bright  and  free — 

Livest  uotf  alas  1  to  me. 

Can  iweet  hopes  of  love's  Inspiring, 
Emma  I  can  they  transient  prove  ? 

What  is  past,  long  Bince  exptriog) 
Emma,  say  mn  that  he  love  ? 

Can  its  flame  of  heavenly  glow 

Perish,  tike  our  joys  below  ? 

IflCTOa^S  AASOlflHD,  1780. 

Win  my  Hector  fVnm  me  part  for  ever  T 
Go  where  ierce  Achl»«i,  sated  never, 
Heaiie  Ms  o#erliig(i  at  PatrtKlns*  IvitrT 

Whiij'iiftiTure  year*, when  thou  bast  perished, 
Wliowill  bid  thyyoiin^  lioi>e,  fondly  cherished, 
Uurl  the  j&veUn  and  the  Godji  revere  7 

Daifeat  wttc,  reilralD  thy  tears  ftom  flowing. 
For  the  death-tlekl  is  my  boiiom  glowing. 

By  theie  arms  vplield  hath  TUon  itood  ; 
Fite  ru  mert  with  soul  that  never  talten, 
And,  protector  of  my  country's  altars, 

Pass  exulting  to  tlie  Stygian  flood. 


Never  more  thy  cUnging  anas  to  Usten, 
Idly  in  the  hall  to  see  tbem  glisten, 

Priam's  race  of  herw?«  all  deatroyed ! 
Tliou  must  hence  to  wbere  nodog-star  jihtncth, 
Wltere  Qjcytui  midst  her  desetti  pineth, 

Ail  thy  love  forgot  in  Lethe^s  vohl. 

Hector. 

All  my  thoughts,  and  all  my  aouPv  desiring^ 
Will  I  quit  at  Lethe*i  »ad  requiring, 

But  tny  love  will  ne*er  resign. 
Hark  t  already  *t  the  walls  *tls  hnmingr 
Gird  my  good  wword  on  t  fbregu  thy  mouraitf  • 

Eector*B  lovr  ^hall  live  in  L«the's  (    ~ 


The  HUim-y  0/  the  tuwn  r^f  Orav^^tnd, 

in   the   county  of  Kmt,   and  nf  fhfi 

Port  ^f  London^     Bf  V. 

Cradeo.     lUifal  Sen.  py. 

THIS  is  not  ouly  a  very  iiiifidi* 
volume,  but  also  one  of  much  in 
It  has  the  advaotJige  of  thu  ^eo 

{jwi^Tn  Mao,  Vol,  XXI* 


of  works  upon  local  hintory,  from  tlie 
author  having  taken  id  to  his  range  of 
subjects  not  merely  a  provincial  town, 
but  also  the  more  prominent  features 
of  our  great  river  the  Thames,  and  the 
annals  of  the  port  of  the  English  me^ 
tro  polls. 

Some  doubts  seem  to  hang  aboat 
the  name  of  Graveaend  itself.  The 
present  author  tells  us, 

^*  Gravesend,  under  the  name  of  Grave- 
sham,  if  noticed  in  the  great  Norman 
survey ;  but  this  relates  to  the  manor,  and 
does  not  aford  evidence  that  there  was  a 
town  upon  the  ipot  at  that  time.  There 
is,  however,  some  ground  for  the  presump- 
tion  tbtt  eren  at  that  period  there  was  a 
mort  to  the  plac<3,  for  the  benefit  of  a 
tfOQveQieot  oommunication  by  water  with 
London,  and  it  is  to  this  interconne  that 
Gravesend  owes  its  origin  and  advance* 
meat/* 

Mr.  Crudeo  extracts  the  Doniesday 
accounts  of  the  manors  of  Milton  and 
Gravcsham  ;*  and  he  afterwards  states 
(p.  11)  that  there  were  three  manors 
within  the  two  parishes  of  Gravesend 
and  Milton  at  the  time  of  Domesday, 
as  there  are  at  this  day.  But  we  do 
not  perceive  any  authority  for  the  latter 
assertion.  Parrock,  which  is  the  third 
manor  alluded  to,  is  not  mentioned  in 
the  Survey;  and,  if  not,  how  is  its 
existence  at  that  period  proved  ?  It  is 
stated,  indeed,  in  the  survey,  that  the 
manor  ot  Gravesham  (distinct  from 
Milton)  had  been  three  manors  in  the 
time  of  King  Edward,  held  respectively 
by  Leuric,  Ulwin,  and  Godwin :  *'  but 
now/' adds  the  Survey,  '*  it  is  in  one*'* 

Parrock,  it  appears,  is  the  name 
given  to  the  manor  vested  in  the  Cor- 
poration of  the  town,  the  lands  and 
messuages  of  which  it  consists  being 
interspersed  in  the  parishes  of  Graves- 
end  and  MiltoD,  It  might  be  con- 
cluded that  the  name  had  been  derived 
from  the  parothiat  or  parish  at  large, 
being   considered    its    lord ;    but    we 

*  In  the  latter  there  is  thii  missppr^ 
hension.  The  words  '^T,  R.  E.  vaJcbat 
iiij  Whran  ;  fjuftttdfn  rp?*eppt]  tan  tandem  i 
.  iiitUtcd,  **  In 

I  M'  Confessor  it 

^  ral 


618 


Rbvikw.-— Crudcn's  Hisicry  df  Grtroeseni. 


tJniMt 


uust  not  adopt  this  interpretation  too 
hastily,  for  it  was  purchased  by  the 
Corporation  from  a  private  proprietor 
BO  late  as  I694.  The  name  appears, 
however,  to  have  been  applied  in 
another  part  of  the  same  county  to  a 

Earochial  meeting- place.  Somner,  in 
is  Treatise  on  Gavelkind,  p.  28, 
apeaks  of  "  Paroc-time,  that  is,  when 
tfie  lord  or  his  bailiflf  and  friends  met 
to  hold  a  Paroc^  a  court  like  kind  of 
meeting,  not  much  unlike  the  Forest 
awain-mote ;"  and  he  adds  that  such 
was  the  origin  of  the  name  of  a  place 
by  Bleane  Wood  near  Canterbury,  then 
called  by  corruption  Paddock,  which 
corroption  also  has  sometimes  pre- 
vailed (says  Mr.  Cruden)  atGravesend. 
It  appears  also  that,  so  early  as 
1268,  "  la  Parrok"  formed  the  demesne 
of  a  person  named  after  his  place  of 
residence,  Robert  de  la  Parrok,  to 
whom  King  Henry  the  Third  then 
granted  free  warren,  a  weekly  market 
on  Saturdays,  and  a  fair  for  three 
days  on  the  vigil,  feast  and  morrow  of 
St.  Edmund  the  Confessor,  which 
market  and  fair  are  still  continued. 

We  are  somewhat  surprised  that 
Mr.  Cniden  has^not  found  more  to  tell 
128  of  the  family  of  Parrock.  His  only 
other  notice  of  them  is  a  passage  of 
Camden's  Remains,  which  mentions 
that  whilst  the  baronial  family  of  Say 
bore  for  arms  Quarterly  or  and  gules, 
that  of  Parrock.  of  Parrock  near 
Gravesend,  bore  Ermine,  a  chief  quart- 
erly or  and  gules,  in  the  first  quarter 
a  chess -rook.  We  scarcely  think  that 
Camden  meant  from  this  to  infer,  as 
Mr.  Cruden  has  done,  that  Robert  de 
la  Parrok  was  a  member  of  the  family 
of  Say. 

Mr.  Cruden  traces  the  etymology  of 
Gravesend,  in  its  original  form  of 
Graves-ham,  as  the  dwelling-place  of 
the  Graaf  or  Reeve;  and  compares 
the  name  with  that  of  "S'Graaven- 
zande,  situated  six  miles  south-west 
of  the  Hague  in  the  United  Provinces, 
in  a  sandy  district ;"  but  as  there  is  no 
Band  in  our  own  case,  Gravesenc^  may 
be  suspected  to  be  an  instance  of  arbi- 
trary corruption  to  which  places  on 
the  coast*  would  seem  to  be  peculiarly 

*  See  a  letter  in  oar  Magazine  for  Sept. 
1832,  p.  254,  showing  the  alteration  of 
Cawtbot,  near  Southampton,  from  Cer- 
dices  Ore, 


liable.  Possibly  the  term  end  may 
have  recommended  itself  to  the  aea- 
faring  folk  as  descriptive  of  the  last 
town  on  leaving  the  Thames. 

As  a  place  of  transit  Gravesend  was 
anciently  of  much  importance.  Tra- 
vellers to  the  continent  from  die  me- 
tropolis neither  went  entirely  by  sea, 
nor  journeyed  as  far  as  possible  by 
land,  but  they  took  "the  long  ferry" 
to  Gravesend,  and  then  made  their  way 
through  Rochester  and  Canterbury  to 
Dover.  Whilst  Calais  remained  in 
the  hands  of  the  English,  that  circom- 
stance  formed  a  reason,  in  addition  to 
the  narrowness  of  the  straits,  for  the 
passage  from  Dover  being  generally 
preferred.  The  prosperity  of  Gravesend 
materially  suflfered  in  consequence  of 
the  loss  of  Calais  in  1557-8,  "  becaaae 
of  the  diminution  or  discontinuance  of 
the  common  passage  between  the  town 
of  Dover  and  the  city  of  London,  of 
old  time  much  frequented  and  used," 
as  states  the  preamble  of  a  charter 
granted  by  Queen  Elizabeth  in  1562 
(p.  190.) 

The  prosperity  of  Gravesend  aa  a 
victualling  port  is  within  more  general 
recollection  ;  but  this  also  has  been 
subjected  to  material  checks,  arising 
from  the  termination  of  our  na^al 
warfare,  from  the  construction  of  com- 
modious wet-docks  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  metropolis,  and  lastly 
from  the  abolition  of  the  commercial 
functions  of  the  East  India  company, 
and  the  consequent  disuse  of  the 
gigantic  argosies  which  were  formerly 
seen  to  ride  at  anchor  in  front  of  the 
town. 

A  third  ara,  however,  in  the 
prosperity  of  Gravesend  has  arisen 
from  the  discovery  of  steam  navi- 
gation, and  the  consequent  facility 
with  which  the  citizens  of  the  motro- 
polis  are  enabled  to  visit  a  town 
agreeably  situated  at  the  mouth  of 
their  river.  This  last  accession  of  good 
fortune  has  led  not  only  to  the  enrich- 
ment of  the  townsmen,  but  to  the 
material  improvement  of  the  town 
itself,  by  the  erection  of  new  streets 
and  other  buildings  of  use  and  beauty, 
together  with  two  handsome  landing- 
piers,  at  which  thousands  disembark 
to  stroll  through  those  streets,  in 
which  they  are  invited,  on  every  hand, 
to  take  "  tea  made  with  shrimps  at 
— d."  a  head. 


18440 


Revibw.— Wlute  s  Ecclesiastical  Law* 


510 


We  have  left  ourselves  space  to 
enumerate  but  vcrv  briefly  the  varioas 
subjects  of  importance  and  general 
interest  upon  which  Mr.  Cruden  b&t 
entered,  rather  as  parts  of  tbe  history 
of  the  river  Thames  than  of  the  town 
of  Gravesend  alone.  He  has  directed 
his  attetition  to  the  history  of  the  em* 
baukmeiita  by  which  the  river  is  ia 
various  placed  confitied  ;  to  the  for- 
mation of  the  royal  naval  establish- 
in  en  ta  at  Deptford  and  Woolwich  j  to 
the  invention  of  a  rudder  affixed  to 
the  sterns  of  vessels ;  and  to  the 
history  of  the  great  Tudor  man-of- 
war,  the  Harry  Grace  a  Dieu,  which 
is  ascertained  to  have  been  built  at 
Woolwich, 

In  matters  of  national  history  he  has 
entered  at  large  into  the  progress  of 
Wyatt's  rebellion  ;  into  the  defence  of 
the  Thames  during  the  threatened 
Spanish  invasion «  lemp.  Eliz.  ;  and 
into  the  hostile  descent  of  the  Dutch, 
temp.  Charles  I!.  His  illustrative  en- 
gravings are  numerous,  and  include 
views  of  Gravesend^  Greenwich,  and 
Woolwich,  all  drawn  in  the  year  1662, 
by  Jonas  Moore,  gent»  afterwards  Sir 
Jonas ;  and  also  a  curious  plan  hitherto 
unpublished  of  the  fort  formed  at  Til- 
bury in  the  year  1588. 


EcchMiasiical  Law,  The  Comtitutiona 
of  Oifwbon.     By  J.  W.  White, 

LEGATINE  constitutions,  being 
founded  on  the  asserted  right  of  the 
Papacy  to  control  or  modify  the 
government  of  all  churches  within  its 
communion,  were  necessarily  in  the 
early  ages  an  important  clement  in  the 
formation  and  spread  of  the  general 
canon  law« 

The  only  productions  of  this  kind 
ivhich  relate  to  England  are  the  con- 
slitutions  of  the  Cardinals  Otho  and 
Othobon  in  the  1 3th  century*  For, 
though  other  legates  a  lat^e  of  the 
holy  see  visited  this  country  as  well 
before  as  after  them,  nothing  emanated 
from  their  efforts  in  the  shape  of 
written  canons  or  con^titutioDs*  In 
1125  a  legation  bad  been  annexed  fj* 
ojicio  to  the  primacy  of  Canterbury 
by  Honorius  the  Second  ;  but  this 
did  not  preclude  his  successors  from 
sending  legates  a  latirt  to  England 
when  they  considered  it  requisite. 
The  first  occasion  of  this  kind  after 
that  epoch  was  the  cammiasioii  of 


Henry  Bishop  of  Winchester,  during 
the  reign  of  Stephen,  and  his  legation, 
if  it  did  not  produce  any  direct  and 
intentional  benefit  to  the  country, 
deierves  rommemoration  as  the  cause 
of  the  introduction  of  civil  taw  to  our 
shores,*  The  mission  of  Pandolf  to 
King  John  is  well  known,  and  the 
succeeding  reign  was  honoured  by  the 
visits  of  Otho  and  Othotwn, 

All  these  prelates  not  only  per- 
formed the  special  duties  of  their  com* 
missions,  but  also  mixed  intimately 
in  the  political  affairs  of  the  age.  In 
later  times  Wolsey  obtained  the 
same  dignity,  but  his  curia  Ugatina, 
if  we  may  trust  the  jaundiced  pages  of 
Polydore  Virgil,  was  as  oppressive  to 
the  civil  rights  of  the  lay  subject  as  it 
was  injurious  to  tbe  real  interests  of 
the  Church*  At  the  Reformation  these 
constitutions,  not  being  "  repugnant 
or  contrariant  to  the  laws  of  the  realm 
or  the  prerogatives  of  the  king,"  were 
provisionally  cootirmed  by  25  Hen, 
Vin  c,  16,  §  3,  until  a  general  re- 
vision of  the  canon  law  should  be 
completed  ;  but  the  Bf^ormaiio  lepim, 
though  framed  for  that  express  purpose, 
was  never  legalised,  and  the  above- 
mentioned  constitutions,  under  certain 
exceptions,  have  ever  since  formed 
part  of  the^Mjr  raaonicum  of  the  AogU* 
can  Church.  The  sanction  which  they 
received  at  the  hands  of  Henry  and 
his  reformers  could  be  due  only  to 
their  intrinsic  merit  and  the  absolute 
necessity  of  continuing  them  for  the 
maintenance  of  the  Church.  An  ap* 
proval,  coming  from  the  quarter  which 
we  have  named,  being  necessarily  un- 
prejudiced, naturally  carries  great 
weight  with  It ;  but,  notwithstanding 
this  high  testimony  in  favour  of  these 
and  the  other  ecclesiastical  constitu- 
tions, there  have  never  been  wanting 
persons  who,  as  their  prepossessions 
against  Rome  will  not  permit  them  to 
distinguish  the  essential  truth  and  ex- 
celleacf   of   these    lawa    from    their 

•  The  legal  disputes  which  the  le- 
gation of  Henry  of  Win chcfter  occasioned 
between  that  prelate  nod  the  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury  induced  the  latter  to  send 
for  Magiiter  Vacariust  the  celebrated 
luminary  of  the  civil  law^,  who,  on  hia 
arrival  in  this  country,  cstabliahed  the 
first  school  on  that  sobject  at  Oxford. 
(Gerr.  Dorobomensii  Actus  PoatificuEQ 
CaatuareiiaiaDt  X.  SScfiptor^) 


Rbvi£W.— AkermaD^s  Amieni  Coini  qfCkkif  Sfc.        [Ji 


620 


caiaal  association  with  the  forms  of 
the  Papacy,  have  always  regarded 
them  as  the  dangerous  relics  of  a  de- 
feated but  watchful  and  still  powerful 
foe. 

The  present  pamphlet  forms  an  ap- 
pendage  to  the  translation  of  the  Con- 
stitutions of  Otho,  which  we  noticed 
in  a  former  number  in  terms  of  appro- 
bation«  and  we  are  happy  to  accond  to 
it  the  same  favourable  opinion  that  we 
eipressed  in  regard  to  the  other. 

Ancient  Conu  of  Ciiies  and  Princm, 
geographically  arranged  and  described 
6y  John  Yonge  Akerman«  F.S.A. 
ome  of  the  Secreiaries  qf  the  Numis- 
malic  Society,  8fC,  No.  L  Hispania. 
THIS  is  the  first  number  of  what 
promises  to  be  a  large  and  laborious 
work,  but  for  which  neither  the  in« 
dustry  nor  the  talents  of  the  now  long- 
experienced  author  are  likely  to  prove 
deficient.  He  has  commenced  with 
the  coins  of  a  country  presenting  pro- 
bably greater  room  for  novelty  of  il- 
lustration than  any  other,  in  conse- 
quence of  their  having  baf&ed,  in  a 
great  degree,  the  learning  and  die  re- 
search of  the  most  eminent  numis- 
matists. "  Even  Sestini,  whose  labours 
have  contributed  so  largely  to  the  stock 
of  numismatic  knowledge,  has  failed 
most  signally  in  his  account  of  the 
coins  of  ancient  Spain."  It  is  to  an 
essay  of  M.  de  Saulcy,  published  in 
1840,  that  we  chiefly  owe  the  know- 
ledge now  attained  on  this  subject. 
By  his  persevering  researches  he  has 
boen  enabled  to  master  the  Celtiberian 


legends  which  appear  on  many  <^  the 
coins  of  Hispania,  and  thus  to  restore 
them  from  the  forlorn  hope  of  tha  •»• 
eerti  to  their  own  cities.  Instead  of 
assenting  to  the  very  high  antiquity 
which  some  authors,  in  their  ignorsiice, 
have  been  induced  to  assign  to  thesa 
coins*  M.  de  Saulcy  is  of  opinion  that 
they  date  from  a  period  about  two 
centuries  before  the  reign  of  Angoatiu. 
The  silver  coins  are  evident  oopias  of 
the  earlier  consular  denarii.  For  tha 
types  of  their  brass  money  they  wera 
not  indebted  to  the  Romans  alone ;  in 
one  instance  they  are  found  to  copy  a 
well-known  coin  of  Syracuse.  "  With 
regard  to  the  written  language  of  tha 
ancient  inhabitants  of  Spain,  thera  ia 
reason  to  believe  that  it  had  its  origin 
in  Bstica,  the  coins  of  which  hava 
I^ends  which  read  from  right  to  left; 
with  the  vowels  suppressed,  asufficiant 
indication  of  oriental  origin."  At 
EmporisB  and  at  Rhoda  the  tjrpas  and 
legends  are  palpably  Greek,  while  at 
Gades,  Abdera,  Malacca,  and  Sex, 
they  are  entirely  Phoenician.  From 
these  two  extreme  points,  observes 
M.  de  Saulcy,  the  two  systems  of 
writing  probably  advanced  until  thay 
met.  Hence  arose  a  great  diversity  or 
gradation  of  alphabets,  of  which  Mr. 
Akerman  has  prefixed  tables  to  the 
present  portion  of  his  work.  These 
discoveries  are  very  interesting,  and 
promise  to  throw  some  light  upon  the 
language  and  the  commercial  inter- 
course of  the  Phoenicians,  of  which  so 
much  has  been  written,  and  so  little 
accurately  ascertained. 


Semedieg  tuggetted  fbr  wme  qf  the 
BniU  which  conttitute  the  Perih  qf  the 
Nation,  12wo.^.  xx.472.— Thiivolume, 
as  the  title  intimates,  is  a  sequel  to  the 
work  which  appeared  about  a  year  ago 
c»Ued  The  Perils  qf  the  Nation.  After 
showing  the  root  of  the  evil,  its  germi- 
natioQ,  growth,  and  fruit,  the  author 
suggests  as  remedies,  among  others,  a 
return  to  scriptural  principles,  church 
extension,  education,  and  the  cottage- 
aUotment  system.  The  readers  of  the 
former  work  may  anticipate  the  nature  of 
tiiis ;  but  such  as  have  not  read  it  can 
have  only  a  vague  idea  of  the  appalling 
oontenU.  It  ought  to  be  generaUy  read, 
thought  over,  and  acted  upon.  We  wish 
we  could  see  it  become  as  popular  ai  Dr. 


Brown's  celebrated  **  Estimata  of  the 
Manners  and  Principles  of  the  Thnes*' 
was  formerly.  The  consequence  of  that 
severe  exposure  was,  as  Voltaire  observes, 
that  the  English  immediately  began  to 
beat  their  enemies  in  every  quarter  of  the 
globe.  Would  that  we  could  see  the 
comfort  of  the  lower  classes,  and  their 
attachment  to  the  higher  (who  are  after 
all  their  best  friends),  promoted  by  this 
eloquent  volume.  At  page  1 19,  the  author 
says,  **  We  are  inclined  to  believe  that 
the  deficiency  in  right  motives,  and  in 
right  practice,  is  perceptible  less  among 
those  who  are  wealthy  by  descent  than 
among  those  who  are  eagerly  pursuing  the 
acquisition."  At  p.  364  is  an  expostu- 
UtioB  with  lay-impfopriators  which  may 


18440 


Mmelhmom  Reviem* 


tn 


do  BOtne  good*  The  peculkrities  of  La 
Veodff-e  (p.  441)  must  not  be  uradcrfitood 
departmeotBllyf  ai  the  system  by  paying 
rent  with  half  of  the  produce  exlsU  in 
Britatmy  as  far  north  as  the  department 
of  I  lie  ct  Vilainei,  aod  bo  abo  did  ttie 
feelings  which  bare  made  La  Vendue  so 
oolebrated,  tliough  perhaps  not  quite  in 
tbe  same  dei^ee  as  tn  that  primitive 
diitrict.  At  pp.  :i03»  ;i?5>»  the  author 
idvooateA  a  power  of  compelling  marriage 
in  oertain  cases,  a*  enacted  in  Exodus, 
xxii.  Iti,  17 ,  and  Deat.  x^i.  28»  '29,  Some 
practical  difficulty  attends  the  proposal, 
as  it  has  been  found,  in  the  case  of  lUi alio d, 
that  to  make  a  declaratioo  suflictent  evi- 
dence ishuldiagoutan  mducement  to  per^ 
jury,  and  eren  to  licentiousneaa.  The  diffi- 
culty might;^howev«rT  be  obiriated  by  adopt- 
ing a  principle  from  the  I05th  canon,  and 
reqwriog  other  evidence  than  tbe  oath  of 
the  party  concerned.  Amotig  the  descrtp^ 
tions  of  oommerciol  fraud  and  villainy 
which  the  author  has  givcii»  particularly 
in  the  former  volume,  it  seems  like  in- 
haUng  a  purer  air,  to  read  the  character 
for  honesty  home  hy  the  Vaudois  and  the 
WioktilBtes.  See  p.  IG  of  this  volume, 
and  the  references. 


The  Faith  once  delivtred  to  the  Saintt. 
By  the  Rett,  J.  Ridgway,  M.A,  Rector  qf 
Hi/fh  Rodin ff,  BtHx^  fcp,)6vo,  pp.  384.— 
The  object  of  this  volume  is  to  exhibit 
'*the  faith  once  delivered  to  tbe  saints  in 
its  diltinotive  principles  and  sure  results," 
in  ■>  series  of  six  discourses.  If  they  were 
preach ed«  we  think  that  the  controversy 
with  Bishop  BctheU  fry  name  wm  ill- 
judged,  and  that  it  wonld  have  been  better 
done  in  an  apf»endix.  But^  perhaps,  they 
were  only  composed  for  the  press.  Had 
tlie  anthor  treated  the  subject  of  tiie  second 
discourse  in  a  separate  tract  the  book 
would  have  been  improved.  On  the 
whole,  however,  they  contain  some  power- 
ful writings  and  some  pointed  statementa. 
We  particularly  recommend  to  the  reader 
tiie  portion  at  p*  30— 3,3,  which  is  thus 
csprewtveLy  mnimed  op  in  the  ubie  of 
eontwtSi  *'  llivine  truths  not  to  be  sup- 
pressed nor  iiyudiciously  stated.** 


k_ 


Lettert  from  Canadu,  and  the  United 
Siatee*  By  John  Robert  Oodtcy,  ary. 
8m.  S  note, — This  book  posseasea  a  cjilm- 
ness  and  clearness  of  judgment,  a  true  im- 
partiality, and  an  absence  from  prejudice, 
with  the  exception  of  those  prepossessions 
in  favour  of  the  good  and  the  excellent, 
which,  if  they  are  to  be  termed  prejudices, 
are  most  wboleeome  onee,  and  are  to  be 
olaaied  as  virtues  instesd  of  errors.  The 
author,  when  he  speaks  of  any  of  the  pe- 
wbich  ar«  to  b«  found  lUBong 


the  natives  of  the  United  States,  do«s  so 
without  any  asperity  or  ooarseness,  and 
pronounces  bis  judgment  upon  them  with 
perfect  fairness  and  candour,  without  in* 
dulgtog  in  a  tone  of  scoffing  or  ridiculo 
which  appears  to  give  particular  ofena^| 
to  tbe  Americans. 

On  the  great  and  importAnt  enhjects 
religion  and  politics,  however,  Mr*  God 
ley  shows  himself  a  firm  and  staunch  adit  j 
vocste  of  the  church  and  the  governmeDt}  ' 
of  England.     A  large  and  by  no 
the  least  important  part  of  this  work  is 
devoted  to  the  CanadaSb     Under  this  head 
Mr.  God  ley  discusses  the  oapabiliUea  af- 
forded for  emigration  by  thai  country^ 
and  states  the  price  of  land  In  different  i 
districts,  the  relative  advantages  and  dis*] 
advantages,  and  the  difficulties  with  wbioll  J 
the  settler  has  to  contend.     He  ooueidertl 
that  the  only  way  to  preserve  these  coIoaJ 
nies  to  the  British  crown  will  be  by  ex- 
tending and  increa&ing  the  influence   of  I 
the  Church  of  Bngland  throughout    '    ' 
limits.     It  seems  that  not  a  single  memlMr  ^ 
of  the  Church  of  England  took  any  pari 
in  the  Ute  insurrections  in  Canada,  bat 
thai    those    rebellious    movements   were 
con6ned  to   the  Romanist  inhabitants  of 
French  extraction,   and    the  Dissenters. 
The  ssme,  we  believe,  was  the  case  also 
in  the  great  American  rebellion,  in  which 
not  a  single  member  of  the  Chureh  of 
England  was  engaged.      On    the    mere 
grounds  of  expediency  alone,  therefbrO| 
it  would   appear    to  be  the  duty  of  tfaij 
State  to  extend  the  means  of  usefiiln 
of  the  Church  in  the  colonies,  withoall 
viewing  those  still  more  grave  and   ini«J 
portent  obligadoaa  which  are  incumbeof  1 
on  every  government  of  increasing  tbfti 
spread  of  true  religion,  and  promoting  th«1 
moral  and  religious  welfare  of  the  peopl4»  | 
objects  which  it  is  almost  needless  to  say 
are  to  be  effected  among  the  dependenciee 
of  Great  Britain  by  adding  to  tbe  extentp 
the  weight,  and  influence   of  that  most 
pure  and  apostolic  Church  which  is  planted 
by  the  providence  of  God  in  this  our  land* 
There  are  districts  in  these  colonies  whtdi] 
arc  removed  by  a  distance  of  many  many  T 
miles  from  a  church,  the  inhabitants  ojt  j 
which  are  visited  by  a  clei^mau  only  air  ] 
intervals  of  several  months.     At  preaenfe 
nearly  the  whole  expenditure  of  the  Church  J 
in  the  Canadas  is  supplied  from  the  funds  I 
of  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  tlii  J 
Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts.     Is  this  worthy 
of  a  great  country  ?     Is  it  worthy  of  4 
religious,  of  a  Christian  country  ? 


Blanche  Creetin^ham,  A  7Vi/«*  f  ] 
wU, — This  tale  possesses  all  the  ex*  I 
celicncies  of  both  the  old  and  the  moderatl 
school  of  fiction  withoot  odilhitiDf  tli%l 


622 


MUcellaHCOut  Reviewt. 


CJ> 


defects  commoD  to  either.  It  has  all  the 
etirriDg  adTcntare,  the  abandance  of  in- 
eidenty  and  the  romaDtic  character  belong- 
ing to  the  former,  and  the  good  taste  and 
high  moral  tone  obserrable  in  the  best 
eiamples  of  the  latter  school.  It  is  alto- 
gether one  of  the  best  and  most  original 
noTela  we  have  seen  for  some  time.  There 
if  in  it  that  which  may  suit  every  class  of 
readers.  An  admirable  domestic  tale, 
highlT  wrought  and  thrilling  adventure, 
pleasing  and  picturesque  descriptions  of 
natural  scenery,  well  drawn  and  well 
luttained  character,  and  good  moral  les- 
■ooa  ;  all  these  are  to  be  found  in  these 
two  volumes,  which,  bye-the-bye,  contain 
as  much  matter  as  would  fill  four  volumes 
of  ordinary  siie. 


TIU  Promiiid  Ohry  ^f  tk*  Church  qf 
Ckriit,  By  the  Aer.  E.  Bickersteth. 
(Cftrif/iafi*«  Famiiy  Library,  No,  40.) 
JF\Bp.  8eo.  tfp.  413.— The  Uble  of  contenU 
to  this  volume  might  be  condensed  into 
these  particulars  :  the  Progress  and  Tri- 
umph of  Divine  Truth ;  the  Growing  Union 
of  all  the  People  of  Christ ;  the  Prindplo 
of  the  Future  Judgment ;  and  the  Glories 
of  the  Heavenly  Kingdom.  The  subjects 
art  treated  deeply  and  solemnlv*  Some- 
tiimei,  indeed,  a  text  is  presented  in  a  point 
of  view,to  which  we  hesitate  to  assent ; 
but  this  is  seldom  the  case,  and  the  reader 
hat  himself  to  blame  if  he  does  not  learn 
■omething,  or  find  his  former  impressions 
mewed  by  the  perusal.  The  following 
passage,  in  which  the  author  endeavours 
to  combine  two  subjects  that  are  too 
often  discordantly  treated,  is  excellent: 
**  The  charge  that  may  be  brought  against 
sinners  is  two -fold.  You  have  trans- 
greased  the  law ;  you  have  not  truly  be- 
Qeved  the  gospel.  The  first  charge  is 
met  by  pleading  our  faith  in  II im,  and 
the  divine  promise  made,  '  that  those  who 
bdieve  in  Him  shall  not  perish,  but  have 
trerlasting  life.'  The  second  charge,  as 
to  Uie  reality  of  our  faith,  is  met  by  works 
of  bve,  the  invariable  effects  of  faith  in 
Him."  p.  191.  Compare  this  with  the 
words  in  the  Liturgy,  "  and  ui^feignedly 
Mktt  his  holy  gospel,"  which  we  prc- 
flome  the  estimable  writer  had  in  his 
mind. 


Esmily  Prayeri,  for  ewry  Morning  and 
Biemny  in  the  Month,  By  the  Rev,  T. 
Raven,  M,^.  Fcp.  Svo,  pp.  xx.  S44. — 
This  volume  is  introduced  by  a  preface 
from  the  pen  of  the  Rev.  T.  Dale,  on  the 
nature  of  family  prayers  and  of  manuals 
for  that  purpose.  Of  the  prayers  them- 
selves we  can  say  that  they  poasess  some 
of  the  principal  requisites  for  such  com- 
podtionfl,  being  bolh  devotioiial  aiid  plain. 


There  is  a  samenen  occasioBallT  dioeam- 
ible,  which  may  make  it  doairvblo  to  wn 
them  alteraatelv  with  other  manuals,  so 
as  to  secure  the  various  advantages  of 

diferent  styles. 

A  Deicription,  hietorieal  amd  topwfrm* 
phiealf  qf  Genoa,  with  Remmrka  9m  ike 
Climate  and  itt  influence  upon  im^mikb. 
By  Henry  Jones  Burnett,  M.D.  Rem- 
dent  Phytieian  and  late  Jteiatmmi  Mm* 
epeetor- general  qf  Hoepitale  in  S^^mim. 
\2mo.  pp.  68. — ^Tbe  author  of  this  nnpre- 
tending  little  volume  has  been  for  some 
years  resident  in  Genoa,  and  mnst  there- 
fore be  conversant  with  all  that  is  worthy 
of  description  in  that  beautiful  city.  ThM 
task  he  has  performed  in  a  very  com- 
pendious form,  compressing  mndi  in- 
formation into  a  small  compass.  After 
the  struggles  of  centuries,  Genoa  was, 
at  the  Congress  of  Vienna,  annexed  to  the 
kingdom  of  Sardinia,  whilst  Venice  was 
assigned  to  Austria.  In  a  comparison 
which  the  author  makes  in  his  intro- 
ductory remarks  between  these  once  rival 
queens  of  the  southern  sea,  he  remarks 
that  "  At  the  present  day  Genoa  is  in 
many  respects  more  fortunate ;  for,  though 
both  are  shorn  of  their  dignity  as  in£- 
pendent  republics,  Genoa  has  never  oeased 
to  be  a  place  of  active  foreign  trade  and 
distant  maritime  expeditions ;  whereas 
Venice,  in  a  commercial  point  of  view, 
has  been  destroyed  by  the  trade  of  Trieste, 
and  broods  over  her  grand  but  deserted 
canals  with  a  melancholy  air  of  regret." 

Journals  qf  the  Rev,  Meeere,  Uenierg 
and  Krapf,  detailing  their  proeeedinge  in 
the  kingdom  of  Shoa,  and  joumtye  m 
other  parte  of  Jhyteinia.  Ftp,  8eo.  pp. 
642. — This  is  a  volume  of  great  value,  and 
which,  to  do  it  typographical  justice, 
should  have  been  printed  in  a  taller  form. 
It  has  widely  extended  our  knowledge  of 
Africa.  Mr.  James  M'Queen  has  pre- 
fixed a  memoir  on  Eastern  and  Central 
Africa,  partly  founded  on  these  joumals» 
and  partly  on  the  expeditions  sent  by 
Mahomed  Ali,  the  Pacha  of  Egypt,  np 
the  White  Nile.  He  has  also  constructed 
two  maps,  on  a  large  scale,  which  are  the 
best  we  possess  of  these  districts,  and  to 
which  future  geographers  will  be  greatly 
indebted.  Messrs.  Isenbei^g  and  Krapf 
were  in  the  employment  of  the  Church 
Missionary  Society,  and  their  journeys 
were  performed  in  the  years  1839—1842. 
To  quote  all  the  passages  of  religious, 
local,  or  social  interest,  which  we  had 
marked  in  the  course  of  reading,  would 
be  impossible.  But  we  would  refer  to 
one,  as  showing  the  ubiquity  of  fable ;  A 
TiUager  told  Mr.  Krapf  that  tho  ceki 


18440 


Nm  Pubtkatimg, 


0SS 


brated  obelbks  fit  A  a  em  "were  erwted 
by  people  who  sauted  to  go  and  fight  a 
battte  with  God  Almighty."  fp.  508.) 
Thifl  it  an  Abysiiaiati  rersion  of  the  woj* 
of  the  gift  tits,  such  us  might  si?rre  appro- 
priately fur  a  note  to  Ovid's  Meta- 
morplioseg,  h,  1,L  151^3.  There  is  a 
Blight  discrepancy  in  the  language  of  p. 
479r  where  Mr.  K.  says  hehaii  never  aeen 
Jerusalem ,  from  that  of  p.  46«*t  whence 
we  dhould  infer  that  he  had,  and  which 
requires  either  revision  or  a  note.  The 
liberality  of  tiie  French  Consul  at  Mai- 


lowah,  M.  de  Gontbp  io  offering  Mr* 
Krapf,  though  a  perfect  stranger,  a£  muoH 
money  as  he  wanted  for  his  journey  to 
Aden,  is  highly  to  the  praise  of  that  func* 
tionary,  and  §how8  the  respect  he  enter- 
tained for  the  misgionary  character*  (p. 
529.)  Io  the  preface  th**re  are  some 
curious  remarks  on  the  different  modes  of 
conducting  missions  by  different  parties, 
which  remind  us  rather  forcibly  of  Cato^a 
speech  to  Semprouius  la  Addison '• 
drama  t 

'*  Tia  not  la  niortaUi"  &c, 


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i  L 


626 


Ifefif  Pubikaiiont. 


I3uue, 


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So  much  of  the  Diary  of  Lady  Wil- 
longhby  at  relates  to  her  Domestic  History, 
imd  the  Erentfiil  Period  of  the  Reign  of 
Charles  the  First.  Small  4to.  18«;  mo- 
rocco,  21.  2i, 

Rose  of  Tistelon :  a  Tale  of  the  Swed- 
ish Coast.  By  Emilie  Carlen.  Trans- 
lated from  the  original  Swedish.  2  vols, 
post  8to.  S1#. 

Facts  and  Fancies :  a  Collection  of  Tales 
and  Sketches.  By  Gkoroi  Godwin, 
F.R.S.  Honorary  Secretary  of  the  Art- 
Union  of  London ,  &c.  Post  8to.   7t.  Sd, 

The  Rustic  Bower ;  or,  Sketches  from 
Nature.  By  William  Mackenzie, 
Author  of  the  '<  Friend  of  Youth,*'  &c.  4«. 

SyWanus,  or  the  Primitive  Christian  ; 
a  Tale  of  the  First  Century  of  the  Chris- 
tian Era.     8to.  3t.  6d. 

Mothers  and  Daughters  :  a  Comedy,  in 
Five  Acts,  as  performed  at  the  Theatre 
Royal,  Covent  Garden,  on  the  24th  Jan. 
IMS.  £y  Robert  Bell,  Esq.  Author 
of  **  Marriage,"  &c.     8to.  3«. 

Literature  and  Language, 
.    Theocritus.     CodicumManuscriptorum 
ope  recensuit    et    emendavit    Christo- 
PH0RU8  Wordsworth,  S.T.P.  SchoUe 
Harroviensis  Magister.     8vo.  \3i.  6d, 

Socratis,  SchoUstici,  Historic  Ecclesi- 
•sticse  Libri  Septem  ex  recensione  H.  Va- 
LBSII.      8vo.   lOff.  6d, 

Varronianus :  a  Critical  and  Historical 
Introduction  to  the  Philological  Study  of 
the  Latin  Language.  By  the  Rer.  John 
William  Donaldson,  M.A.  8vo. 
lOf.  Sd. 

Gallus,  or  Roman  Scenes  of  the  Time 
of  Augustus ;  with  Notes  and  Excursus  il- 
Instrative  of  the  Manners  and  Customs 
of  the  Romans.  Translated  from  the 
Gterman  of  Professor  Becker.  By  Fre- 
DSRICK  Metcalpb,  B.A.     ISmo.  12«. 

The  Discovery  of  the  Science  of  Lan- 
guages: in  which  are  shown  the  Real 
Nature  of  the  Parts  of  Speech,  the  Mean- 
log  which  all  Words  carry  in  themselves 
aa  their  own  Definitions,  and  the  Origin 
of  Words,  Letters,  Figures,  &c.  By 
Morgan  Kavanaoh.    2  vols.  8vo.  34f. 

The  Middle  System  of  teaching  Classics  : 
a  Manual  for  Classical  Teachers.  By 
the  Rev.  H.  P.  Haughton,  B.A.  l8mo. 
St.6d. 

Longer  Latin  Exercises,  Part  1 .  By 
the  Rev.  T.  K.  Arnold.    8to.  4#. 

Letters  of  Horace  Walpole,  Earl  of  Or- 
ford,  to  Sir  Horace  Mann,  his  Britannic 
Majesty*  s  Resident  at  the  Court  of  Flo- 
rence, from  1760  to  1785.  Now  first 
published,  from  the  Original  MSS.  Vols. 
3  Vkd  4,  Svo.  2e#, 


Contribnttofis,  Biogr^>hical,  Literary, 
and  Philosophical,  to  the  Eclectic  Re- 
view. By  John  Foster,  Author  of 
'*  Essays  on  Decision  of  Character,*'  &c. 
2  vols.  8vo.  24«. 

Bunyan*s  Pilgrim* s  Progress.  A  New 
Illustrated  Edition,  with  a  life  of  the 
Author,  and  a  Bibliographical  Notice. 
By  George  Godwin,  Esq.  F.  R.8., 
F.S.A.  and  Lewis  Pocock,  Esq.  F.S.A. 
2U. 

Selection  from  the  Speeches  and  Writings 
of  the  late  Lord  King.  With  a  Short 
Introductory  Memoir.  By  Earl  For- 
trscue.  8vo.  12#. 

Remarks  on  Mr.  J.  P.  Collier's  and 
Mr.  C.  Knight's  Editions  of  Shakspere. 
By  the  Rev.  Alexander  Dyce.  8vo.  9t. 

Medicine. 

Practical  Observations  on  the  Effi- 
cacy of  Medicated  Inhalations  in  the 
Treatment  of  Pulmonary  Consumption, 
&c.  By  Alfred  Beadmont  Mad- 
DOCK,  M.D.  Surgeon,  &c.  8to.  5f.  6tf. 

On  Calculous  Concretions  in  the  Horse, 
Ox,  Sheep,  and  Dog;  being  the  Sub- 
stance of  Two  Essays  read  before  the  Ve- 
terinary Medical  Association.  ByW.  J.T. 
Morton.  Svo.  With  Coloured  Plates,  Se. 

Complete  Condensed  Practical  Treatiie 
on  Ophthalmic  Medicine.  By  Edward 
OcTAVius  HocKEN,  M.D.  Part  I.  3«. 

Northern  Journal  of  Medicine:  a 
Monthly  Survey  of  the  Progress  of  Medi- 
cal Knowledge,  at  Home  and  Abroad. 
Edited  by  William  Seller,  M.D.  and 
T.  LiNDLEY  Kemp,  M.D.  No.  I.  8vo. 
U.Gd. 

Elements  of  Comparative  Anatomy,  de- 
signed especially  for  the  use  of  Students. 
By  R.  Wagner,  M.D.  Edited  by  A. 
TuLK.     Part  I.  2«. 

Law. 

Reports  and  Notes  of  Cases  on  Letters 
Patent  for  Inventions.  Royal  8vo.  38t.  Sd. 

Treatise  on  the  Evidence  of  Succession 
to  Real  and  Personal  Property  and  Peer- 
ages.  By  John  Hvbback,  Esq.  of  the 
Inner  Temple,  Barrister-at-Law.  Royal 
Svo.  3U.  6d. 

The  Practice  in  the  Office  of  the  Mas- 
ters on  the  Plea  Side  of  the  Superior  Com- 
mon Law  Courts  at  Westminster.  By 
Thomas  Dax,  esq.  one  of  the  Masters 
of  the  Court  of  Exchequer.  12mo.  15«. 

Treatise  on  the  Law  of  Defamation; 
with  Forms  of  Pleadings.  By  George 
Wingrovk  Cookr,  esq.  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  Barrister-at-Law.  12mo.  14«. 

Collection  of  Statutes,  relating  gene- 
rally to  the  Office  of  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  Arranged  with  Notes,  &c.  By 
Wm.  Golpen  LuMLEYf  eiq.  l2mo.  6<^ 


18440 


iVa(7  Publhaliatis 


W 


The  Law  of  Piircichial  Settlements,  ia 
i  CommentJiry  on  G  and  7  Wm.  IV.  cap» 
DG*  By  William  Golden  Lumlkyi 
cgq.  of  tbc  Middle  Trmplc,  Barrister-at- 
Law.     PoitSTO.  bt,Gd, 

Tlie  Law  and  Practice  in  C&fes  be. 
fore  JiiAtices  of  the  Peace  in  Petty  Sc«- 
a'lQOSf  relattYe  to  Mastera  and  Servants 
engaged  in  tlie  Woollen,  Worsted,  Linen, 
Cotton  I  and  Silk  Mannfactnret .  By  J. 
WiLKOPff,  12aio.  3#. 

Stntuted  relattug  to  Parishes,  &c.  By 
Alvk£1>  a.  Fry,  esq.  Barrister'at-Law. 

Sir  John  Stoddart's  Obfeirationd  on 
the  Opinion  of  Lord  Cot  ten  bam,  deli- 
Trred  23rd  Feb.  1844,  on  the  Writ  of 
Error  in  the  Case  of  the  Qneen  v,  Millis, 
^itb  respect  to  the  Irish  Marriage  Ques> 
tioii»  Hvo.  9t*  fjfL 

Remarks  on  the  Present  State  of  the 
Law  of  Debtor  and  Creditor :  with  Sug- 
gCitioBs  for  its  1  m prove ment.  By  Tbo. 
MA»  TiiUNRft  A  Becket,  Attomey.at- 
Law.     8vo.   li* 

N^afttral  Histoyy,  ifc* 

Britiib  Marine  Coucbology  ;  being  a 
Deacriptire  Catalogue,  arranged  accord - 
iDf  lo  the  Lamarcktan  S^ystem  of  the 
Sftlt- Water  Shells  in  Great 'Britain.  By 
CHARLKii  Thorpe.  It^mo.  tO«. 

Agriculture  and  Qardeninff, 

Treatise  on  the  Practical  Drainage  of 
Laud.  By  Henry  Hvtcbik90N.  8ro. 
lUi. 

Farming  for  Ladies;  or,  a  Gnide  to  the 
Poultry  Yard,  the  Dairy,  and  Piggery. 
Bj  the  Author  of  **  British  Hnsbaodxy." 

The  Economy  of  W^atte  Manures :  a 
Treatise  on  the  Nature  and  Use  of 
Neglected  Ferliliaers.  By  JoB?r  Han- 
NAy.  Written  for  the  Yorkshire  Agri- 
cuUural  Society.  3#.  6d, 

Prise  Essay  on  Manures.  By  Gboroe 
Thomion,  jun.     8vo.  It. 

An  Essay  on  Artificial  and  other  Ma* 
nurei*  to  which  a  prenaium  was  awarded 
by  Sir  C.  Lemon ^  Bart.  M.P.  through 
the  Cornwall  AgricuUural  Association, 
l^^fmo.  4*f. 

Two  Lectures  on  the  Theory  of  Agri- 
eultare,  and  on  Farming  as  practised  in 
Cbeahire,  delivered  at  Siddiogton  to  the 
Tenants  of  E.  D.  Davenport,  esq.  Jan. 
1844.  By  Ai-aaftT  Jamrs  BEKj^AYt*, 
8vo.  It. 

Minutes  of  Proceedings  of  the  Institu- 
tion of  Civii  Engineers,  SessioD  1843—43. 
Post  avo,  6t.  6f/. 

Researches   on  Light*      By  Ro8<rt 


Hunt,  Secretary  to  the  Royal  Cornwall 
Polytechnic  Society-     Hvo.   10*-6flf. 

Senate  Uouse  Problems  for  1844  ;  with 
Soluiiona.  By  Matthew  O'Briend, 
M.A.  Cains  College,  and  Robert  Les- 
lie Ellis,  M.A.  Trinity  College,  Mode- 
rators.    Roy.  4  to.  4*.  6<t, 

Brief  Description  of  the  Chamcters  of 
MineraU  ;  fDrniing  a  familiar  Introduc- 
tion to  the  Science  of  Mineralogy.  By 
Edward  J.  Chapman,  author  of  ^*  Prac- 
tical Mineralogy."     ISmo.  4«. 

Two  Lectures  on  Machinery,  delivered 
before  the  University  of  Oxford  in  Lent 
Term,  1844.  By  Trayers  Twiss, 
D.C.L.  F.R.S.  Professor  of  Political 
Economy,  &c.     8vo»  2t. 

Arthitectnrt^  ifC* 

The  Ecclesiastical  Architecture  of  Great 
Britain,  illustrated  by  Views,  &c.  By 
Henry  Bowman^  architect,  and  Jamer 
HAortELO,  architect.  Part  I.  royal  4to. 
3*.  6V. 

Altars  prohibited  by  the  Church  of 
England.  By  WitJ.tAM  GoooE,  M.A. 
F.A.S.  Rector  of  St.  Antholin,  LondoD. 
8vo.  U.  ed. 

Church  Needlework,  with  Practical 
Remarks  on  its  Arrangement  and  Prepa- 
ration. By  Miss  Lambert,  authoress  of 
the  "  Hand- Book  of  Needlework.'*     8to, 

An  Account  of  the  Restorations  of  tbo 
Collegiate  Chapel  of  St.  George,  Windiors 
with    some   particulars   of  the   lleraldte 
Ornaments  of  that  Edifice.     By  Thomas  , 
Wi  LLC  WENT,  F.S.A.     Small  quarto, 
Fint  Art*. 

Compositions  from  the  Morning  and 
Evening  Prayer.  By  Joein  Bell,  scnip- 
tor.     4to*  36  plates.  SU. 

Companion  to  the  most  celebrated  Pri- 
Tate  Galleries  of  Art  in  London :  con* 
taining  Accurate  Catalogues,  arranged 
alphabetically  for  immediate  reference, 
each  preceded  by  an  Historical  and  Criti- 
cal Introduction,  with  a  Prefatory  Essay 
on  Art,  Artistx,  CoUcctorst  and  Connois- 
seurs. By  Mrs  Jamesox.  Post  Svo.  U#. 

The  Miniature  Painter's  Manual ;  con- 
taininjp  Progreasive  Lessona  on  the  Art  of 
Drawing  and  Painting  Likenesses  from 
Life,  on  Cardboard,  Velliim,  and  IfOiry. 
By  N.  Whittock.  4f, 

FiM  SpM-iw, 

The  CricketcrU  Companion;  contaia- 
in g  the  Scores  of  all  the  grand  and  prin* 
cipai  Matches  of  Cricket  ployed  at  Lord*!  ^ 
and  other  Grounds,  In  the  teason   1843« 
By  W.  Denison,  Esq.  Wmo.  li.6^. 

Preparing /or  Publicaiion, 
A  Descriptive  History  of  the  Ttywii  of  ! 
Evetbam,  from  tb^  foundation  of  id  8t^Q]| 


828 


Uterani  mi  Scimt^e  ItddUgetwt. 


tJ. 


to  the  preMbt  time.  By 
Gborge'May.  In  8to.  (Bated  upon  a 
former  publicatioD  by  the  same  Author.) 

Pictorial  Notioet :  coBiiiting  of  aeketeh 
«r  die  life  of  Sir  .Anthony  Van  Dyck, 
with  a  Catalogue  of  the  Stchingi  exe- 
cuted by  him,  and  some  particulan  rB*^ 
kting  to  other  Artists  his  contemporaries. 
Collected  from  documenti  in  her  Ma- 
jesty's State  Paper  Ofllce,  the  OiBce  of 
Fublic  Records,  and  other  sources.  By 
William  Hookmam  Cabfshtbr.  In 
410. 

VNITSKBITT  OP  OAMBMDGB. 

The  Norrisian  Prise  for  the  best  Prose 
Essay  on  a  sacred  subject,  has  been  ad- 
judged to  the  Rer.  Joseph  Woolley,  M.A. 
of  Emmanuel  College,  and  Warden  of 
Queen's  College,  Binningham.  Subject, 
**  By  one  offering  Christ  has  perfected  Air 
€««r  them  that  are  sanctified."  HebfvifB, 
z.  14. 

CAMDVK  SOCIKtT. 

The  AnniTcrsary  Meeting  was  held  at 
the  Freemasons*  TaTum  on  the  Sd  of 
May,  Lord  Braybrooke,  the  President,  in 
^e  chair. 

The  Council  reported  that,  during  the 
past  year,  by  the  investment  of  sums  re* 
osived  on  account  of  oompositioiis,  the 
etock  standing  in  the  names  of  the  trustees 
ibr  the  Society  has  been  increased  from 
606/.  1 9t.  10<f .  Three  per  oent.  Consols,  to 
739/.  19«.  Id.  The  Society  maintains  its 
full  number  of  1,200  members,  and 
amongst  the  candidates  lately  proposed 
lor  admission  are  several  gentlemen  re- 
■ideBt  in  the  United  States  of  Amerioa 
and  in  the  Elast  Indies;  a  eurcumstance 
whkh  may  be  considered  as  a  proof  of  the 
wMe  and  general  interest  excited  by  the 
pubUoations  of  the  Society. 

The  publioBitiottt  of  the  pMt  year  have 


The  first  Tolume  of  Promptortum  Phr* 
TVlorum  sive  Clerieorum.  An  English 
snd  Latin  Dictionary  of  Words  in  use 
during  the  Fifteenth  Century,  with  illus- 
trations fh>m  other  contemporary  autho- 
rities. By  Albert  Way,  esq.  M.A.  Di- 
rector S.A. 

Three  Chapters  of  Letters  relating  to 
the  Suppression  of  the  Monasteries,  from 
the  Originals  in  the  British  Museum. 
Edited  by  Thomu  Wright,  esq.  M.A., 
PJ8.A. 

The  Leyoester  Correspondence.  Let- 
ters and  State  Papers  relating  to  the  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Earl  of  Leycester  in  the 
Low  Countries,  in  the  years  1585  and 
1536,  derived  firom  a  MS.  plMod  at  the 
4iqpoMl«f  the  Sgeie^  by  fMdodok  OwiT, 


esq.  and  other  eouroee.  Edited  by  John 
Bruce,  esq.  F.S.A. 

These  works,  although  not  so  numeroua 
aa  those  of  some  former  yean,  oontafai 
more  printed  matter  than  thoee  of  any 
preceding  year;  and  are  of  a  diameter 
strictly  aocordant  with  the  olvecti  of  the 
Society,  and  calculated  to  maintain  its  re» 
putation  and  the  general  opinion  of  Iti 
uMfnlnesa. 

A  contemporary  Translation  of  PoMore 
Vernl*s  History  of  the  Reigns  of  Henry 
the  Sixth,  Edward  the  Fourth,  and  Riohard 
III.,  edited  by  Sir  H.  Ellis,  is  very  nearly 
oompleted,  and  will  ihwtly  be  delimed 
to  the  Members. 

Preparationa  hav«  been  made  by  the 
Council  for  many  firtnre  publieatioaii 
and  some  of  those  reoently  added  to  the 
list  of  works  suggested  promise  to  be  of  n 
very  important  eharacter.  Amongst  them 
the  Council  psttioulariy  dmw  attantieft 
to— 

I.  The  Origfand  Wills  and  Mher  1\ia. 
tamentary  Documents  contained  in  the 
Registers  of  Archbishops  Islip,  Langham, 
and  Wittlesey,  ranging  flrom  A.D.  1349  to 
AJ>.  1368.  These  are  to  be  pnblMwd, 
with  the  kind  permission  ef  EUs  Grane 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  from  the 
Original  Regieters  at  Lambeth  Fnlace. 

II.  The  Autobiography  of  {9ir  Join 
Bramston,  knight.  To  be  edited  by  the 
Right  Honourable  the  President  of  the 
Society.  From  the  Original,  in  the  pos- 
session of  Thomas  Williams  Bramsileii, 
esq.  Member  for  Essex. 

III.  A  Selection  from  the  Correfpond- 
enoe  of  various  Members  of  ^e  Vemey 
Family.  From  the  Originab,  in  the  pot* 
session  of  Sir  Harry  Vemey,  Bart. 

The  Veimey  papers,  which  consist  of 
many  thousand  original  letters  written 
during  the  period  of  the  Great  Rebellion 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  the  Protecto* 
rate,  and  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  have 
ksig  been  regarded  with  interest  by  all 
historical  inquirers  to  whom  their  exist- 
enoe  has  been  known.  They  contain 
much  important  and  interestittg  informa- 
tion illustrative  of  the  effects  of  the  public 
oommotiona  of  those  periods  upon  the 
social  condition  of  the  people  generally, 
and  especially  upon  the  fortunes  of  the 
distinguished  family  to  various  members 
of  which  they  primarily  relate.  Sir  Harry 
Vemey  has  placed  the  whole  collection 
entirefy  at  the  command  of  the  Society, 
and  has  himself  taken  great  trouble  in  the 
arrangement  and  cataloguing  of  them  with 
a  view  to  their  being  made  useful  for  his- 
torical purposes.  The  first  selection  will 
oooaprise  the  period  ending  with  the  battle 
of  Edgehill,  where  Sir  Edmund  Vemeyt 
Knifht-oMnhal  to  Chad«i !«,  wm  killed 


1844.] 


Literary  and  Scieniijk  Inielligence, 


mt 


In  the  heroic  defence  of  the  royal  stand- 
ard. 

The  following  other  puhlicationf  bare 
sIbo  been  Buggeated  daring  the  past  year ; 

The  RomBDce  of  Jean  and  Blonde  of 
Oxford,  by  Philippe  de  Reimif  ao  Anglo- 
N«raian  Poet  of  the  latter  end  of  the 
tHiHth  century.  To  be  edited  from  the 
«iilqii«  MS.  in  the  Hoyal  Library  at  Parif 
by  M.  Lc  Roux  dc  IJncy,  editor  of  the 
Roman  dc  Bmt.     (In  the  prem.) 

The  Metrical  Romancet  of  Sir  Perceval* 
Sir  ianmbras,  Sir  Dergrevantet  and  Sir 
Eglamour.  To  be  edited  by  James  Or- 
chard Uftlliweli,  eiq.  F.R.6,,  F.S.A.  (In 
the  press.) 

The  Prench  Chranlde  of  London ,  from 
a  MS.  in  tlie  Gottonian  Library.  To  be 
edited  by  Gcot^  tenet  Aongter,  eeq. 
(In  the  pms.) 

The  Croaby  Pipertt  ft  ieriea  of  Do- 
cuments iMuatraiiTe  of  the  Uittory  of 
Ireland.  Te  be  edited  by  Richard  Saint- 
hilt,  es«|« 

The  Correapondence  of  Lady  Brilliani 
Hariey,  during  the  Ci?il  War.  To  be 
edited  by  the  Rer.  T.  T.  Lewis,  M.A. 

A  Treatise  on  Akfaeny,  with  an  lucre- 
dnction  showing  the  effect  c4  Altibemtcal 
Studici  upon  MetapbyHici  snd  Dirintty. 
To  be  edited  bv  the  ReT,  Henry  Cbrtat« 
mas,  M.A.,  F,R.S.,  F.S.A, 

A  CallectioD  of  Laws  relating  to  the 
Guildfl  in  England.  Te  be  edited  by 
Tbemna  Wright,  est}.  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

The  Chronicle  of  Ralph  de  Coggeshall. 
To  be  edited  by  Albert  Way,  esq.,  M.A.i 
Director  F^S.A. 

Three  Engliih  Medical  Tracts  of  the 
Twelfth^  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Cen- 
turies rcspectiTcly.  Wilh  an  Introductory 
Notice  of  tilt  UiHory  of  Medidne  in 
Buglrad  ^mmg  Hkm  Middle  A««s.  By 
Thomu  Jmeph  PeCHgrew,  esq.  F.R.S,, 
F.S.A, 

Indicatitma  continually  present  tbem- 
idvci  of  the  effect  which  this  Society  is 
nrodncing  upon  our  hiatorical  literature* 
Writers  of  all  clasaei  refer  with  com- 
mendstion  to  it«  publications,  which  are 
gridiaally  diffusing  sound  knowledge  upon 
Slilocfeii  subjects,  and  giring  our  popular 
litentnre  a  higher  tone.  A  striking  proof 
of  this  baa  occurred  in  the  recent  pub* 
lication  of  a  traofilstion  of  the  Chronicle 
of  Josceiin  de  Brakelond,  in  a  form  de- 
signed for  very  ex  tensive  circulation.  The 
tame  Chronicle  has  formed  the  bagis  of  a 
work  of  one  of  our  most  popular  authors. 

The  officers  and  ooancil  of  the  Society 
were  re-elected ;  with  the  following  new 
members  of  council  in  the  place  of  tbe 
three  retiring  by  the  laws  of  the  Society: 
Lord  Albert  Conyngham,  K.C.H«,  F,S.A.; 
Henry  Ealkn,  ttq.  2li,A.»  EE.S.,  V,P. 


Soc.  Ant*  i  and  Thomao  Joieph  PettigreWp 
esq.  F.R.S.,  F.S.A. 

TttB  fittAKEaPEAAV  fOClKTlT. 

The  third  Annual  Meeting  of  this  Society 
was  held  on  the  26th  of  April,  at  the 
rooms  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Literature^ 
tbe  Marquess  of  Conynghaaa,  the  P)re* 
sident*  in  the  chair. 

The  following  works  hate  been  de- 
livered since  those  enumerated  in  our 
report  of  the  laat  Anniyersary  Meeting 
(June  1843,  p.  629):— 

I .  Oberon  s  Vision  in  the  **  Midamm* 
mer  Night'a  Drenm,'*  illuafrated  by  a 
compansofi  with  Lyhe*s  *'  Endymion,** 
by  the  Rev.  N.  i.  Ualpin. 

'2,  The  Cheater  Whitsun- Plays  :  a  CoK 
lection  of  Early  Dramatic  Representations 
by  the  Incorporated  Trades  of  Chester. 
From  a  MS.  iu  the  British  Museum,  col* 
luted  with  other  public  end  prifute  mann* 
acrrpta.  Edited  by  Thesnas  Wright »  esq. 
F.S.A.,  CorresfNMident  of  the  Institnte  of 
France,  Ike.  Part  I. 

3.  The  Alleyn  Papers  :  a  CoUection  of 
Original  Documents,  iUnstrative  of  the 
Life  and  Times  of  EdwaM  Alleyn,  aud  of 
the  Early  English  Stage  and  Drama  :  witk 
an  IntroductioD  and  Notes  by  J.  Payvi 
Collier,  esq.  F.S.A. 

4.  Honour  Triumphant ;  or,  a  Lhie  of 
Life  :  two  Tracts.  By  John  Farde,  the 
Dranutist.  Unknown  to  the  editors  of 
his  works  ;  and  now  first  refrinted  from 
the  original  copies  pnbliahed  in  160G  and 
lh'20. 

5.  Tarlton*B  Jests,  frott  the  odition  of 
1611  ;  aud  Tarlton's  Newea  out  of  Pur< 
gator Vt  from  the  earliest  copy  ;  f^receded 
by  a  Life  of  that  celebrated  Clown,  and 
an  Account  of  hii  Jigs  and  Merry  Sayings. 
Edited  by  J.  O.  HaltiweU,  esq.  F.R.S.,  fkc, 

6.  The  True  Trage^ie  of  Richard  the 
Third,  which  preceded  Shakespeare*!  Play. 
From  a  Hniqv€  copy  printed  in  1594,  4to. 
in  the  Hbrsry  of  his  Grace  the  Duke  of 
Devonshire.  To  which  is  added  theJ^atin 
Play  of  Ricardus  Tertiua,  by  Dr,  Legge» 
from  the  Manuscrijvt  in  Emmanuel  col- 
lege, Camb.    Edited  by  Barron  Field,  esq, 

7.  The  Ghost  of  Richard  the  Third,  &c. 
Containing  more  of  him  than  hath  been 
heretofore  shewed,  either  in  Chronicles, 
Plays,  or  Poems.  By  C.  B.,  4ta.  16 U» 
This  production  is  partly  founded  upon 
Shakespeare's  tragedy,  and  partjy  upoft 
the  Chronioles  to  which  he  resorted ;  and 
it  is  reooanaeDded  by  introductory  Paemst 
signed  fien  Jetiaon,  George  Chapman,  W, 
Browne,  George  Wither,  and  Rebert  Da* 
borne.  With  Introduction  and  Notea  by 
J,  Payne  Collier,  esq.  F.S.A. 

Several  others  are  preparing  for  evly 
doUrery;  md  it  it  announcaU  that*  la 


630 


Literary  and  Scientific  Inlelli^mce. 


Pwe, 


order  to  give  facility  (o  the  collection  of 
every  kind  of  information  relating  to  the 
Dramatic  and  Poetic  Literature  of  the 
Shakespearean  age,  the  Council  have  re- 
•olTed  on  pnblishing  oocaiional  Tolumea 
of  Miscellanies,  to  be  entitled  '*  Trmnsac- 
tioos  of  the  Shakespeare  Society."  To 
this  undertaking  the  Members  and  others 
•re  invited  to  send  communications.  The 
■election  will  be  made  by  the  Committee 
appointed  for  the  purpose,  and  a  volume 
iiraed  wheDcver  a  sufficient  number  of 
papers  are  collected.  The  proposition  has 
■risen  from  the  conviction  that  many  in- 
teresting illnstrations  from  our  old  poets 
■nd  dramatists  are  lost  from  the  want  of  a 
means  of  recording  and  preserving  them. 
Local  customs  and  expressions,  and  illus> 
trmtions  derived  from  books  or  other 
■ources,  apparently  remotr  from  the  sub- 
ject, frequently  occur,  which,  if  regis- 
tered, would  afford  to  commentators  facts 
and  hints  of  value.  The  communication 
is  therefore  solicited  of  such  observations 
■nd  facts  as  may  occur  either  in  the  course 
of  reading,  travelling,  or  residence  in 
places  where  ancient  manners  and  modes 
of  speech  are  preserved,  or  such  other 
elucidations  as  may  be  considered  worthy 
of  record. 

The  vacancies  in  the  Council  were  filled 
up  by  the  unanimous  election  of  Sir  Henry 
Ellis,  K.H.,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A. ;  Rev.  W. 
Harness;  James  Heywood,  esq.  F.R.S., 
F.S.A. ;  John  Oxenford,  esq. ;  and  Edw. 
V.  Uttcrson,  esq.  F.S.A. 

LITERARY  FUND  MOCIRTY. 

May  B.  The  fifty-fifth  anniversary 
dinner  of  the  Literary  Fund  Society  tooK 
place  at  the  Freemasons*  Hall,  Great 
Queen-street.  There  were  about  200 
gentlemen  present,  and  the  chair  was 
taken  by  the  Marquess  of  Northampton, 
supported  by  Lord  Robert  Grosvenor, 
M.P.,  Lord  Bolton,  Lord  John  Manners, 
&c  &c.  During  the  last  half  century  the 
Literary  Fund  has  devoted  to  the  relief  of 
the  unfortunate  scholar  no  less  a  sum 
than  30,238/. ;  and  207  (>  grants  have  been 
bestowed  upon  upwards  of  a  thousand  ap- 
plicants. Mr.  Amyot  read  the  report  of 
the  Committee,  and  the  subscriptions, 
which  included,  from  her  Majesty  the 
Queen,  100  guineas  ;  the  Marquess  of 
Northampton,  the  chairman,  25/. ;  Sir  C. 
Metcalfe,  Governor-General  of  Canada, 
the  Duke  of  Somerset,  Lord  F.  Egerton, 
B.  B.  Cabbell,  esq..  Sir  J.  Lubbock,  the 
Earl  of  Clarendon,  Lord  R.  Grosvenor, 
General  Pasley,  Profiossor  Sedgwick,  the 
Earl  uf  Shrewsbury,  Professor  Barrow, 
Messrs.  Hansard,  Dr.  Hawtrey,  Profes- 
sors Twiss  and  Greaves,  10/.  each,  and 
IMD^unted  in  the  whole  to  upwwdf  ^  800/. 


ZOOLOGICAL   80CIBTT. 

April  29.  The  annual  meeting  of  thii 
society  was  held  at  the  Royml  Institvticm, 
Albemarle-street.  The  Right  Hon.  Flraak- 
land  Lewis  presided.  The  report  statoi 
the  total  income  daring  the  pest  ycsr, 
13,228/.  5t,  Id, ;  the  expendttnre  123&3/. 
15«.  9d.  The  assets*  tncladinr  10,618/. 
9s.  7d.  funded  capital,  amounted  to  eboitf 
12,000/.  and  the  liabilities  to  epwerdi  of 
3,000/.  The  auditors  directed  attentM 
to  the  continued  diminution  of  tiie  aua 
received  from  annual  suhacriptioiia,  the 
amount  for  1843  being  487 JL  5t.  leas  tbaa 
in  the  year  1842.  The  anditon  eppleeiM 
the  economy  enforced  by  the  comeil  ia 
the  '*  ordinary  expenditure,"  in  wfaidi 
there  was  a  decrease  of  10181.  18#.  3d. 
The  extraordinary  expenditure  ^ 
sarily  large,  from  the  sums  exp 
the  highly  important  bnUdings, 
seum  and  the  carnivore  dens. 

The  report  of  the  council  detailed  at 
great  length  the  animals  presented  to 
the  society  for  its  museum,  by  penoDS 
residing  in  various  parts  of  the  wond ;  tbe 
works  presented  to  the  librai^,  and  ■H'**!! 
given  to  the  menagerie.  It  was  stated 
that  the  removal  of  the  animals  at  the 
gardens  to  better  ventilated  dens  and 
cages,  and  the  absence  of  artificial  heet, 
had  contributed  greatly  to  their  health. 


the  Bi«« 


PRIZS  ESSATg. 

The  committee  appointed  by  Mr.  Web- 
ster, of  the  Haymarket  Theatre,  to  award 
a  prize  of  500/.  for  the  best  prose  comedy 
illustrative  of  modern  British  manners 
and  customs,  concluded  their  labours  on 
the  20th  meeting,  by  unanimously  adopt- 
ing the  piece  entitled  Quid  pro  Qao,  or 
th§  Dap  of  Dupet,  Tliis  production  is  by 
Mrs.  Gore,  a  lady  well  known  to  literary 
fame.  There  were  98  competitors.  The 
award  was  signed  by  all  the  members  of 
the  committee. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Royal  Agricaltnral 
Society,  Mr.  Pusey,  M.P.  Chairman  of 
the  Journal  Committee,  reported  the  ad* 
judication  of  the  Society*s  prise  of  501. 
for  the  best  report  on  the  Agriculture  of 
Wiltshire,  to  Mr.  Edward  Little,  of  Lower 
Sheldon  Farm,  near  Chippenham. 

The  trustees  of  the  **  Acton  Endow, 
ment,"  left  by  the  widow  of  the  bte  Sa- 
muel Acton,  the  architect,  are  empowered 
on  the  1st  Jan.  184.)  to  pay  the  sum  of 
105/.  as  a  reward  to  the  person  who  shall, 
in  the  judgment  of  the  committee  of  ma- 
nagers for  the  time  being  of  the  Royal 
Institution,  be  the  author  of  the  best  essay 
illustrative  of  the  wisdom  and  benefioeaee 
of  the  Almighty,  in  such  department  of 
science  as  the  committee  of  managers  for 
the  time  being  shall  ia  their  difcre&^a  w^ 


1844.3 


Fittt  Arts, 


C31 


lect ;  such  essay  to  b«  written  and  pro- 
duced subject  to  such  terms  aad  coadi- 
tioDB  as  tbe  coraniittce  of  managers  shall 
prcBcnbe. 

Virtuoii  Pr^videni  Fund  and  Dtahrt 
in  irorkx  f^f  F^nt  Art  IJeneeoient  Innii- 
tutioH.— Under  this  title  a  sockty  was 
formed  nearlj  two  years  since,  baving  for 
Ud  dt!!$ign  tbe  relief  of  distre-^sed  dealera 
in  objects  connected  with  the  fine  arts, 
and  their  widows  and  chiidr«iK  Tbe  se* 
cond  atinual  meeting  took  place  on  the 
30th  April,  at  Mr.  Graves'a  rooms,  in 
Pall- mall,  and  was  numeroualy  atteaded 
by  maay  of  the  iuHuential  xxietropolitan 
deaJcTfi  nnd  other  parties  connected  with 
tbe  fine  arts.  Mr.  Gravea  bnTtng  been 
called  to  tbe  chair^  the  report  of  the  com- 
mittee WAS  readi  by  which  it  appeared  that 
the  society  was  makiii|^  slow  but  steady 
pragress,  and  that  after  paying  all  ex- 
penses npwards  of  \Wi.  remained  in  band. 
The  mf  eting  was  addressed  by  Mr,  S.  C. 
Hall  in  an  eloquent  speech  advo&iting  tbe 
ohiects  of  the  society  ;  after  which  Mr,  H. 
Gmrea  was  elected  Preisident,  Mr.  W. 
Smith  Trcaflurcr,  and  other  respectable 
dealers  members  of  tbe  committee.  Tbe 
meeting  separated  about  ten  o'clock. 

Print erjt*  Jlmtt/wujte  Fund.— A  meet- 
ing of  the  friends  of  this  valuable  iostltn- 
tjon  WIS  held  May  6,  at  the  Mechanics' 
Initituteio  Chancery-lane^  tbe  chair  being 
taken  by  Richard  Taylor,  esq.  wbi>,  after 


baring  slioHlf  addressed  the  assembly, 
Crtllcd  upon  tbe  Secretary  to  read  the  re* 
port,  by  which  it  appeared  that  they  had 
in  band  the  sum  of  I  HO/.  14#.  ild,  so  that 
the  committee  hoped  that  at  their  acit 
annnnl  meeting  they  would  be  in  a  posi« 
tioa  to  lay  before  the  pubUc  a  plan  for  the 
commencement  of  the  necessary  erections* 
It  was  then  res^olved  that  tbe  society  be 
forthwith  enrolled.  The  tbanks  of  the 
Dieetiug  being  earned  to  tbe  Treasurer, 
&c,  Mr.  R«  Taylor  responded,  and  &aid  he 
hoped  the  master  printcrsof  tbe  metropo- 
lis would  follow  the  cjcample  which  had  so 
liberally  been  shown  them  by  hia  young 
friend  on  tbe  right  (W.  Clowes,  jun.' esq.) 
He  hoped  that  not  only  the  master 
pridters,  but  that  the  hook  sellers  and  alt 
the  lovers  of  literature^  would  lend  tbcir 
assistance  in  rearing  some  commodious 
dwelliags  for  the  repose  of  a  body  of  men 
to  whom  the  world  was  to  largely  indebted 
for  their  roost  important  services. 


The  Original  MSS.  qf  tht  Ctarinda 
Correspondence r — These  interesting  me- 
morials of  Burns  have  been  sold  by  Messrs. 
C.  B.  Tait  at  Ediubnrgb.  A  spirited 
competition  fully  showed  the  great  interest 
attached  to  these  relicn  of  Scotland's  poet, 
Afi  specimens  of  the  prices,  the  letter  No. 
(j4  of  the  recent  publication,  containing 
the  **  Lament  of  Queen  Mary/"  brought 
5/.  5*. ;  No.  63  brought  I/.  I6«.  ;  No.  GG 
brought  W,  11*.  \  No,  t>y  brought  it,  10*,; 
and  tbe  others  corresponding  pricci. 


FINE   ARTS. 


MR.  SKOtTIRu's  PRINTS,  PICTUaB»,  &C. 

During  the  Inst  half  cetitury  no  man 
la  any  way  connected  with  tbe  tine  arts 
bore  a  higher  reputation  for  accurate  ac- 
quaiDtance  with  the  merit  and  value  of 
pictures,  and  for  thorough  probity  in  his 
dealings,  than  the  late  Mr.  Seguier.  He 
was  the  Keeper  of  tbe  National  Gallery 
■nd  of  the  Royal  collections,  and  his  advice 
wai  always  most  eagerly  sought  after  and 
followed  by  all  the  disitinguished  amateurs 
of  Ibis  country.  Under  these  circum* 
stances  tbe  sale  of  his  private  collection 
at  Christie^B  attracted  extraordinary  at- 
tention, and  the  prices  at  whieh  his 
pictures  and  prints  have  sold  fully  jii£tified 
the  blgb  opinion  that  had  been  formed  of 
lais  taste  and  knowUdge,  His  collection 
of  prints  was  chiefly  rich  in  the  pro* 
ductions  of  Dutch  and  Flemish  artists. 
The  works  of  Rembrandt  were  nCArly  com- 
pleteiSnd  generally  of  extraordinary  beauty, 
fts  tbe  following  prices  will  amply  proTe : — 


Lot  21:L  Portrait  of  Rembrandt  draw* 
ing,  unfinished  state  on  India  paper.—' 
21/.  Smith. 

9A6.  Angel  appearing  to  the  Shepherd*, 
probably  the  finest  impression  known. — 
25/.  4*,  Smith, 

252.  The  Presentation,  in  the  dark 
manner,  on  India  paper. — ^15/.  15f.  Colo- 
nel Thwaites. 

^60.  The  Flight  into  Egypt,  in  the 
■tjle  of  Ehsheimer,  a  matchless  impressiooi 
on  thick  India  paper,— 65/-  2#,  Smith. 

299.  St.  Jerome  praying,  first  stata  on 
India  paper,  from  Mr.  Sheepshanks*  col* 
lection. ^ — 10/.  I6t.  Gravei, 

407.  Beggars  at  the  door  of  a  House.— 
10/.  10#,  White, 

43 1 .  Landscape,  known  under  the  name 
of  "The  Three  Tree8."-'S3/-  12t,  64. 
Hawkins. 

439.  The  Irregular  Landscape,  so  called 
from  its  being  etched  on  an  um^ven  piece 
of  copper :  on  India  paper. — >4/.  Smith. 


tot 


Am  JtfiBm 


459.  The  CottiNse  with  thft  WUte  Flik% 
irtt  fUto.— 21/.  Mr.  CoaiBghui. 

458.  Two  imall  Ltndtcfepet,  ooe  oC 
IImb  iD  the  ftnt  itete.— 29/.  8«.  Tifta. 

M6.  The  BargomaeCer  Piz,  a  mgnii- 
tmd  i^prwrinm  of  Rembnadt'i  iMrt 
MTtraiC— 4«/.  3«.  ll'hiU. 

S90.  Yowif  Mm  m  a  Cap,  a  btawUM 
■rinl,  ia  aaaadeaeribedandaAiqoeitate. — 
If/.  10«.  toith. 

Then  were  beaidci  aaveral  iae  printa 
hy  aCher  diitiogviahedi  Datcfa  muUn : 

099.  The  Complete  Worka  of  Oatade, 
•■«  of  the  ftaeat  aeti  knowm.  After  a 
^mj  apirited  eompetitioo  thia  lot  waa 
kaoekedl  down  to  Mr.  Cooingham  at  309/. 
Ida.  nearij  doable  the  price  that  Mr. 
ligwiir  pibd  for  it  at  Mr.  £adaile*i  tale, 
•boat  three  yean  aiaee. 

1S9  and  140.  Two  beautifal  aeta  of 
Kaiwiaoz'i  Etchiogi,  vniqae  prooft  before 
Ibe  naoiben — 70/.  la,  Tlfin. 

159.  Cattle  deteendiag  a  HOI,  a  fine 
etching,  by  Paul  Potter.— 23/.  \2s,  Sd, 

BOS.  Head  of  Vaadyek,  by  hinaelf,  first 
proof,  the  etching  only. — 8/.  Smith* 

516.  Waverios,  by  Vandyck,  cniqne, 
and  a  moatexqniaite  prodaction. — 141^  I4e. 
Mr.  BaU. 

Of  the  etchisga  by  Clande,  Mr.  Segaier 
yoaamed  the  moat  perfect  ooUeetion  that 
laa  ever  been  brooght  to  sale,  and  they 
were,  with  few  eiceptions,  in  capitid  con- 
dition. The  following  were  the  most 
iniportant : — 

689.  The  Dance,  proof,  from  Con- 
■table*!  (the  painter)  collection. — 13/.  2f . 
6d.  GraTet. 

697.  The  Dance  under  the  Trees ;  a 
brilliant  first  impression.  An  admirable 
specimen.— 29/.  Hs.  Graves. 

708.  Landscape,  with  Two  Men  under 
a  Tree,  one  of  whom,  probably  Claude 
himself,  is  making  a  drawing  of  the 
pfospect  before  him.  No  other  impression 
of  this  beautifal  print  is  known  to  exist, 
and  it  excited  considerable  competition. 
It  was  STentually  knocked  down  to  Mr. 
Saoith  for  36/.  15«. 

No  purchases  were  made  for  the  British 
Museum. 

Mr.  Segaier' s  pictures  were  submitted 
to  public  competition  a  few  days  after, 
bot  none  were  of  great  importance.  The 
CoUectioa  consisted  entirely  of  cabinet 
ipecimens  of  a  pleasing  class,  one  of  the 
most  important  being  the  original  picture 
by  Wilkie  of  the  scene  from  Sir  Walter 
Scott's  Abbot,  engrsTed  in  the  author's 
own  edition  of  his  works.  This  brought 
110  guineas.  Two  admirable  little  bita 
by  Ruysdael  were  bought  by  Lord  Nor- 
manton  at  76  and  91  guineas.  A  small 
VandeTclde  prodncad  33  guineas,  and  a 
Biinute  Tenien  39.  Hoppner'i  small 
9 


of  Mr.  mt,  pirrhMBJ  by  Mr. 
at  tke  artist*a  sale,  aoU  for  41 


Mm.  JSnSMIAH  ■AKMAX'a  piCTvmxs. 
The  sale  of  thia  iiLportant  coBection  of 
pfetwea  took  place  at  Chriatie^  rooas 
•■  the  17tk  ami  18th  of  May.  Iti  ppo- 
caeda  were  apwarda  of  97,0MI.  Th» 
foUowiogare  the  prkaa  at  whiek  aooao  •# 
the  principal  lots  sold  s— Lot  27.  Bif<ar 
Scene  in  GadderlaBd-^2S  gviMM }  Lori 


Mr.E 


cowB — tOOgoineaa :  Mr.  Baker.  34.  His 
own  Portrait,  br  6.  Dow— 70  „ 
pnrchaaed,  we  believe,  fbr  the  Na 
Gallery.  38.  Rnbena,  The  Elovation  mt 
the  Crosa,  the  original  design  for  th« 
altar.piece  of  the  ehntch  of  St.  Walbw^w 
at  Antwerp— 7M)  guineas :  Mr.  Boehanaa, 
for,  it  is  said,  Mr.  Hollbid.  49.  Back- 
hnyaen  ;  a  View  from  the  Shore,  lookiag 
ovt  to  Sea — 515  guineaa  :  Mr.  Fiamr. 
45.  View  in  the  Apenninea,  by  S.  Boan 
570  guineas.  46.  La  QvienoviUe  i  FiUr, 
by  Karl  du  Jardin — 360  guineaa:  Mr. 
Buchanan.  50.  Halt  of  the  CavalieiB  at 
a  BhK^mith*s  Shop--220  guineaa  s  Mr. 
NewienhuTS.  53.  Embarcatioa  of  tko 
Queen  of  Sheba,  by  Claude— 900  gnlneoa : 
Mr.  Lloyd.  54.  Wilson's  View  of  Rome— 
310  guineas:  Mr.  Norton.  Bastlaka'a 
Roman  Peasant — ^965  guineaa :  Mr.  FaB« 
nelL  65.  Titian's  Boy  leaning  on  a  Baak, 
fondling  a  Pigeon — 155  guineaa:  Mr. 
EUis.  79.  The  Cat,  by  Snydera— lOS 
guineas.  87.  Carlo  Dolce,  The  Magdalen 
contemplating  the  Cross — 690  guineaa: 
Mr.  Pennell.  94.  Cuyp  ;  View  of  Dordt, 
from  the  River — 1010  guineas:  Mr. 
Poster.  99.  The  Virgin  and  Child,  by 
Garofalo«-240  guineas:  Mr.  Rnrhanan. 
100.  Le  Menage  Hollandais,  by  Oatada 
1320  guineas:  Mr.  Foster.  23.  Rem- 
brandt, Portrait  of  a  Jewish  Rabbi— 410 
guineaa  :  Mr.  Farrer — sold,  we 
stand,  tubsequently,  to  the  Na 
GaUery.      103.    The    Tabby    Cat-260 

faiaeas:  Mr.  Newienhuys.  102.  Panl 
otter  ;  a  View  of  Uaerlem — 800  guineaa. 
109.  Jan  Steen,  Peasanta  regaling  in  4 
Quinguette— 600  guineaa.  108.  Land- 
scape by  Rubens— 501  guineas.  110. 
Le  Coup  de  Canon,  VandeTclde — 1380 
guineaa:  Mr.  Foster.  111.  Portrait  of  a 
Noble  Venetian  Lady,  by  Sebastian  del 
Piombo— 430  guineas.  113.  The  Age  of 
Innocence,  by  Sir  J.  Reynolds — 1520 
guineas:  Mr.  Vernon.  114.  Hobbema'a 
Peasants  crossing  a  Ford— 1850  guineas; 
and  115.  Claude*s  picture  of  i£neas,  with 
hia  Father  and  Son,  visiting  Helenas,  at 
Deloa— 1750  guineas :  by  Mr.  Newien* 
hays. 


633 


ARCHITECTURE. 


OXFORD   ARCHITECTOIIAI   SOCIHTV. 

May  1 .  The  Rev.  H.  S,  Burr,  Ch.  Ch.» 
presented  Rubbings  of  Brasies  from  Roj- 
don  Church,  Ksaei ;  and  the  Re?.  W. 
Grey,  of  Magd.  Hall,  Drawings  from  the 
Churches  of  ChittlchAmptoUp  Devun  ;  and 
Allington,  Newton  Tony,  and  Cholderton^ 
Wiltihire. 

A  |xaper  was  read  by  J.  E*  Millard,  e»q. 
of  Magdalene  College,  nn  monuments  and 
gravestones,  recommending  Che  revival  of 
flat  moDumental  atones ,  or  of  coped  stones, 
ornamented  with  croBsei  of  variott*  forma, 
with  inscriptions  if  necessary,  or  with  em- 
blems expressingthe  profes<jion  or  employ- 
riocnt  of  the  deceased,  according  to  the 
ancient  custom.  The  average  cost  of  aa 
ornamented  eoped  stone  is  esttmated,  by 
a  perioa  well  versed  in  sucli  matters,  ot 
fottr  poutlds,  wliile  that  or  a  cammon 
head«ttoiie  is  usually  thre«  guineas,  and 
even  a  small  brass  would  eost  ten  pounds, 
Tbe  paper  was  illustrated  by  a  number  of 
drawings  of  atone  coffin -lids  and  flat  fraTe- 
stones,  ornamented  with  a  great  variety  of 
devices,  of  which,  however,  the  cross  ge- 
tierally  formed  the  leading  feature,  and  of 
a  curious  boss  in  the  cloisters  of  Norwich 
Cathedral,  on  which  a  funeral  is  rep  re- 
sentedt  i^ith  eleven  monks  surrounding  a 
stone  coSin  in  tlie  act  of  lawering  the  lid. 
The  Chairman  observed,  that  the  adoption 
of  these  flat  grave -stnnca,  though  very  de* 
ftirable,  would  be  attended  with  much  in* 
convenience  in  crowded  churchyards,  and 
that  their  use  must  necessanly  be  almost 
confined  to  the  top  of  brick  gnives  \  but, 
wherever  their  use  h  practicnble,  llicy  are 
inflnitely  preferable  to  the  modern  tombs 
with  which  our  churchy ards  are  disfigured. 
He  thought,  however,  that  head -stones, 
made  ornameaUl  according  to  such  de- 
signs as  those  furnished  by  Mr.  Paget  and 
Mr.  Armstrong,  would  often  be  found 
more  convenient  than  flat  stones.  A  mem- 
ber observed,  that  for  the  graves  of  the 
poor,  which  Mr.  Millard  appeared  to  have 
chiefly  in  view,  the  simple  wooden  cross 
at  the  head,  with  the  aame  or  initials  and 
the  date,  a  custom  scarcely  yet  obiolete, 


was  preferable  to  any  memorial  of  greater 
pretension,  or  of  a  more  lasting  material. 

3/ffy  15.  Mr.  Millard  presented  a  de- 
sign for  a  wooden  cross  of  gothic  character 
at  the  head  of  a  grave. 

A  paper  was  read  by  the  Rev,  W.  Greyt 
of  Magdalene  Hall,  on  Garsington  ChfLfcn, 
Oxfordshire,  Illustrated  by  a  number  of 
drawings.  The  tower  of  this  church  is  of 
transition  Norman  character,  with  more 
of  the  early-  EngUsh  features  than  Norman ; 
the  pillars  and  arches  on  the  north  side  of 
the  nave  are  of  the  aame  period,  though 
perhaps  more  decidedly  early* EngUsh. 
The  rest  of  the  church  is  Decorated,  late 
in  the  style,  but  very  plain,  without  even 
cusps  to  the  cbaneel  windows  i  the  side 
windows  of  the  aisles  are  square-headed, 
with  good  segmental  heads  instde  ;  the 
east  window  of  the  south  aisle  is  good  De* 
coratcd,  with  f!owing  tracery.  The  south 
porch  is  open  timber- work  of  the  Perpen- 
dicular style.  The  clerestory  windows  are 
small  foliated  circles,  with  four-centred 
arches  inside  ;  the  roofs  are  of  later  cha- 
racter, having  been  rebuilt  in  the  time  of 
Charles  IL,  when  several  buttresses  were 
also  added.  On  l/Qih  sides  of  the  chancel, 
under  the  westernmost  windows,  are  low 
side  openiogs  which  retain  the  old  iron- 
work, and  have  evidently  been  glaxed» 
though  long  blocked  up  within  to  accom- 
modate modern  pews.  The  circumstance 
of  these  openings  being  found  on  60/ A 
sides  of  the  chancel,  and  having  been. 
originally  glazed,  contradicts  most  of  the 
theories  that  have  been  stated  respectiiig 
the  use  of  them.  None  of  those  men* 
tioned  at  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Society 
seem  to  agree  with  these  e^iamples  *,  still 
less  will  the  name  of  Lychnoscope  apply 
to  them. 

A  set  of  drawings  of  St*  Bartholomew's 
Chapel  on  Cowley  Marsh,  with  an  accu- 
rate calculation  of  the  cost  of  building  a 
faC'Similc  of  it,  was  laid  on  the  table. 
Also  a  design  by  Mr.  Cranston  for  a 
wooden  church,  according  to  the  sug* 
gestion  of  the  Bishop  of  Newfoundland. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


tOOISTY    OF    ANTlQrARlKS. 

Mayf.     Lord  Viscount  Mahon,  V.P. 

T.  W.  Kinjr,  esq.  F.S.A.  Rouge.  Dragon 
Farsoivant  of  Arms,  communicated  some 
Remarks  upon  the  Stall- Plates  of  the 
i  Order    of    the   Garter,   exiitlog    In  SI. 

Gknt.  MAtt.  Vol,  XXL 


George's  Chapel  at  Windsor-  U  ap- 
pears that,  on  an  examination  made  in  the 
year  175T,  there  were  no  plates  for  Hti 
of  the  ancient  Knights,  and  of  those  whnh 
exist  many  are  not  contemporary  with  the 
Knights  whose  achievements  they  re- 
present. Mr.  King's  remarks  wer«  di- 
4  M 


6S4 


jHtiqtMrim  Retewrehes. 


c* 


rected  fint  to  the  point  of  the  ibields 
of  arms  being  sarroonded  by  the  Garter : 
which  is  not  the  case  in  the  oldest  plates. 
Hie  first  so  represented  is  that  of  the 
]>nke  of  Bargnndj,  K«  6.  from  1469  to 
1477.  The  plate  of  Lord  Lovell  in  1  Rich, 
ni.  is  the  first  English  subject  whose 
arms  are  so  encircled,  and  many  of  later 
date  have  no  garter.  The  fashion  became 
prrralent  in  £e  reign  of  Henry  VII.  and 
eonstant  in  the  next  reign.  Mr.  King 
remarked  secondly  upon  Uie  form  of  the 
bdmet.  The  side-standing  dose  helmet 
BOW  assigned  to  the  rank  of  Escjmire,  is 
Iband  used  by  a  peer  (the  Earl  of  Derby) 
Id  13  Elis.  and  by  two  other  knights  in 
flie  next  reign.  The  barred  hehnet  is 
first  used  by  a  Baron  (Lord  Knollys)»  in 
1615,  and  gradually  be<»me  uniTcrsal  with 
Ptoers.  lliis  distinctiTC  use  of  helmets 
Appears  in  fact  quite  a  modem  notion, 
nnrly  if  not  entirely  subsequent  to  the 
actual  use  of  helmets  in  the  field  of  battle. 

Atay  9.     W.  R.  Hamilton,  esq.  V.P. 

Extracts  were  read  from  a  third  letter 
of  William  Roots,  esq.  to  Mr.  HamQton, 
dated  May  6,  respecting  the  relics  ex- 
tracted from  the  Thames  by  the  hallast- 
iMSTers  near  Walton.  Two  articles  re- 
eently  found  are,  a  portion  of  a  dagger  or 
tmall  sword,  and  a  pocket-piece  of  Charles 
the  First  and  Henrietta  Maria.  Mr. 
Roots  is  inclined  to  attribute  the  former 
to  the  same  age  as  the  latter,  and  thinks 
that  both  are  memorials  ot  the  conflict  on 
Snrbiton  Common,  in  which  Lord  Francis 
Tilliers  was  killed,  not  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  from  the  place  of  their  discovery. 

Thereading  was  concluded  of  Mr.  King's 

Eiper  on  the  Stall-plates  of  the  Garter, 
is  remarks  were  directed  to,  ?.  the  use 
of  coronets.  Many  Earls  and  Viscounts 
have  no  coronet  in  the  reigns  of  Henry 
VIII.  and  Edward  VI.,  and  its  use  did 
not  prevail  until  the  beginning  of  Elixa- 
beth*s  reign.  4.  Supporters.  Among  the 
privileges  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter  is 
that  of  using  supporters,  whether  the 
Knights  are  Peers  or  not.  Supporters  are 
not,  however,  of  high  antiquity.  The  plate 
of  the  Marquess  of  Dorset  (afterwards 
Duke  of  Somerset),  K.G.  in  20  Hen.  VI. 
which  has  supporters,  is  not  contemporary. 
That  of  John  lord  Dioham  in  1  Hen. 
VII.  has  supporters,  which  (as  in  many 
other  ancient  achievements)  really  sup- 

E>rt  the  helmet  and  crest,  not  the  shield, 
ut  there  are  only  five  plates  with  sup- 
porters to  the  S9th  Hen.  VIII.  after 
which  time  they  are  universal. 

Charles  M.  Joplin,  esq.  communicated 
a  memoir  on  the  remains  attributed  to  the 
Druids  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Fumess 
in  Lancashire.      His  descriptions   were 


iDustrated  by  several  drawings,  whidi  re- 
present, 1.  Various  monuments  at  Stono 
Walls,  Urswick,  consisting  of  ruins  of  an 
oblong  inclosure,  a  square  one,  a  third  of 
an  extraordinary  wheel-like  fonn,  and 
two  cromlechs  ;  2.  A  temple  of  two  cirdna 
of  stones,  called  Snnbrick,  at  Birkrigw ; 
3.  A  circidar  temple  or  camp  eaEed  ttn 
Kirk  at  Kirkby  Moor,  accompanied  by  a 
eaim,  which,  on  being  opened,  i^iacloaad 
a  tomb  and  a  stone  chest ;  4.  The  Moot 
at  Aldingham,  an  artificial  hfll  now  i 
on  the  brow  of  a  high  cliff  above  Mo 
cambe  Bay ;  5.  A  British  camp  at  Apple- 
by Slack,  Birkrigg ;  and  6.  throe  stone 
hammers  or  celts  found  at  Tiindala  and 
High  Haums. 

May  16.    Henry  HsUam,  eaq.  T.P. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  electod 
Fellows  of  the  Society  :  Charles  Tneker, 
esq.  of  Harpsford,  co.  Devon ;  M^jor 
John  Arthur  Moore,  of  Qaeon  Anna 
Street ;  and  Frederick  William  FiirlMt^ 
esq.  of  Grosvenor  Cottage,  Regent's  Park. 

Robert  Porrett,  esq.  F.S.A.  exhibitid 
a  gold  riag  containing  a  miniature  paint- 
ing, supposed  to  be  a  contemporary 
portrait  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  It  be- 
longs to  R.  B.  Aldersey,  esq.  of  Ch%weII 
Row,  Essex;  and  its  descent  is  traced 
for  a  century  and  a  half. 

W.  R.  Hamilton,  esq.  V.P.  exhibited 
ftrom  W.  Roots,  esq.  two  relics  drawn 
from  the  bed  of  the  Thames  just  above 
Kingston,  one  of  them  a  spear  head. 

Dawson  Turner,  esq.  F.S.A.  oom- 
municated  five  drawings  ;  the  subjects  of 
which  are  as  follow : 

1 .  An  um  found  at  Burgh  Casfle,  the 
Gariononum  of  the  Romans;  it  was  SK- 
humed  on  the  29th  Dec.  last,  in  the  same 
field,  caUed  the  Brick-kUn  fidd,  on  the 
eastern  side  of  the  castle  walls,  as  were 
three  figured  by  Ives,  p.  35 ;  and  was 
partly  fiUed  with  boaes,  which  were  ac- 
companied by  four  iron  nails. 

2.  A  Pax,  from  the  same  village,  carved 
in  front  with  the  Holy  Rood,  the  Blessed 
Mary,  and  St.  John. 

3.  A  Roman  sacrificial  instrument,  or 
nrBfericiUum  of  brass,  found  at  Hering- 
feeet,  in  July  1842 ;  it  is  inscribed  quat- 
TBNV8  F.  Its  length  is  1(4  inc.,  and  its 
diameter  6  inc. 

4.  A  gun  of  wrought  iron,  of  the  time 
of  Henry  VII.  or  VIII.  found  in  the  sea 
near  Lowestoft,  and  now  in  the  possession 
of  George  Edwards,  esq.  Others  have 
been  found  near  the  same  spot,  and 
probably  from  the  wreck  of  the  same 
vessel.     lu  total  length  is  9  feet. 

5.  A  wooden  shield,  24  inc.  long,  and 
three  quarters  of  an  inch  thick,  foiwd  in 
the  wall  of  a  house  at  Yarmouth.    It  la 


1844.] 


Atdiquari^m  Bestarchet, 


63fi 


oarred  with  the  quartering  of  the  Prioco 
of  Orange,  and  paiated  iu  colours. 

Bicbard  Almdck,  e»q.  P.S  A.  of  Mel- 
ford,  comenUDicitcd  a  letter  written  hj 
Sir  Thomas  Stanhope  of  Shelford,.  co. 
NottSp  to  Lord  Burgbley  in  1588,  relntive 
to  the  funeral  of  hit  mother^  htkdj  Stan* 
hope*  the  widow  of  Sir  Mit^hael  Stanbopet 
one  of  thoae  who  suffered  with  the  Duke 
of  Somerset  ia  the  reifn  of  Edwurd  the 
Sixth.  The  Udy  wu  lying  dead  at  Not- 
tingham.  Mr.  Almack  auppoted  tbia 
doc  amen  t  to  be  iudoraecl  by  Lord  Burgblej 
hiniHtlf ;  but  the  indorsement  ia  in  the 
writing  of  one  of  his  secretanes. 

Edward  HailiitOQe,  esq,  oommnmcated 
traoBcripta  from  the  register  of  triaU  be- 
fore  Major^Gen.  Lambert  and  the  Council 
of  War  iittiug  in  Yorkihire  in  the  year 
1647. 

Jklof  Sa.     W.  R.  UamUtoo,  esq.  V.P. 

Walter  Hawkina,  esq.  ejLhibited  an 
■ndeDe  aword  fouad  ia  the  bed  of  the 
river  Thftmei  in  n39»  at  tke  building  of 
Westminster  Bridge.  It  rest: mb lea  the 
large  t words  of  itate  of  the  thirteenth  and 
fourteenth  centuries.  The  ailrer  furniture 
of  the  alieatb  (ittielf  decayed),  adherei  to 
it  by  the  rust,  and  ta  improsaed  in  several 

Slacea  with  the  motto  tot  ft  i  and  a  stag's 
ead«  It  ia  probable  the  sword  itself 
waa  a  oentury  at  leaat  older  than  the 
theatk  Ita  length  ia  5  feet  6|  inc.  It 
has  hoen  welded ^  and  it  may  be  presuoied 
haa  lost  tomethtng  by  the  mendtog. 

The  Rev.  J.  B.  Reade,  of  Stone,  near 
Aylesbury,  exhibited  aa  impresaion  in  tin* 
foil  of  a  Normem,  font  recently  placed  ia 
hia  church,  (to  which  it  in  suitable  in 
style,)  after  haviaf  been  long  stQce  r«> 
moved  from  ita  original  aite,  the  church 
of  Uampatead  Norria  in  Berkshire.  It 
hm  been  for  loioe  years  io  a  garden  of  a 
touthem  suburb  of  London,  and  was  pre- 
■ented  to  Mr.  Reade  by  J.  Y.  Akerman, 
eM|.  F.S.A.  Mr.  Reade  noticed  a  state- 
ment in  Dr.  Lipscomb's  History  of  Buck- 
infhamahirc,  which  aaaerta  that  Stone 
charch  waa  erected  on  an  artificial  mound , 
wberaaa  it  haa  boon  aacertainied  to  be  a 
naltiral  aand-MU. 

The  RcT.  John  Webb,  P.S. A.  com- 
municated a  memoir  upon  a  Preceptory  of 
Teniphirs,  (and afterwards  of  Hospitallers^) 
at  Garway  in  Herefordabire,  which  ia 
ndtber  deacribed  nor  enamcrated,  even 
in  the  new  edition  of  the  Monasticon,  but 
of  which  he  has  collected  many  very  in. 
tereating  notioest  both  historical  and 
vchitectnraL  Their  ohorch  (of  Norman 
architecture)  reroattu,  and  extensive  In- 
dicationa  of  the  site  of  their  mansion,  to- 
gstlier  with  a  remarkable  dove-cote,  which 
if  sttU  perfect.    U  ta  built  of  atone^  th« 


wall  of  mbble  rough-casted  without  and 
lined  with  ashlar  witbia,  of  circular  forot, 
measuring  17  feet  3  inc.  io  diameter,  and 
16  feet  in  height*  There  are  twenty  dan 
or  compartments  for  the  birds,  forming 
altogether  666  holes.  From  the  follow, 
ing  inscription  over  the  door,  it  ia  shown 
to  have  been  erected  in  the  year  13  S6. 

A^  n*Mt  If  ccc 
zxvi  fact*  fuit  i^  CO 
Inmbarium  per  fratrem 
Rirardum. 
Tbe  two  last  liiics  being  somewhat  ob- 
scure, from    the  wear  of  centuries.     On 
the  interior  face  of  the  building  CM3cnrs  in 
one  place  tbe  name 

GILBB 

axva 
and  on  other  stones  are  carved  the  double 
CTom  of  the  Templars,  accompanied  in 
one  instance  with   ibe  letter  Hf  of  the 
scrip  tonal  form. 

Adjourned    over  WhitauBCide    to    tbe 
6th  of  June. 


The  Congress  of  the  Prench  Arcbso- 
logical  Society  will  be  opened  at  Saintes 
on  tbe  15tb  of  June  next. 

The  12th  Scientific  Congress  of  France, 
of  which  one  section  ia  for  the  investiga- 
tion of  historical  and  archaeological  mat- 
ters, will  meet  lit  Sept.  at  Nisme  ;  and  on 
the  15th  the  Italian  Scientific  Congreai 
will  asuemble  at  Milan. 


MTaCftCAN  CITY. 

An  ancient  city  has  recently  been  dia- 
covered  in  the  Tuscan  Maremma.  In 
catting  a  road  through  the  low  ground 
between  Magtisno  and  the  aea,  some 
blocks  of  large  sise  were  found  below  the 
surface,  and  the  engineer,  perceiving  them 
to  be  the  foundation  of  walla,  and  being 
in  want  of  rocky  materials  for  hb  road, 
coatintwd  to  aaearlli  tlMss,  following  their 
line  tiU  be  had  timoed  tbe  eolira  circnit  of 
the  city.  Thii  be  asoertBiaed  to  be  abonc 
six  miles  in  drcnm  fere  nee.  The  ssxe  and 
form  of  the  bloeka  composing  ita  walla,  a 
few  of  which  were  still  entire,  various  ar- 
ticles found  within  the  city,  and  espectaltr 
in  tombs  excavated  in  its  neigbboorbood, 
which  have  yielded  pottery  and  bronies, 
and  a  few  of  which  have  paintings  on  tbe 
walls,  prove  it  to  have  been  an  Btruaean 
city.  No  Roman  remainB  have  been  found 
within  tbe  city,  which  seems  to  mark  it 
as  having  ceased  to  exist  before,  or  at,  the 
fwriod  of  the  Roman  conqoeat  of  this  part 
of  Etruria.  It  ia  diflicalt  to  believe  that 
a  city  situated  at  so  short  a  distance  ^m 
the  aea^  and  of  such  an  extent — one  of  tbe 


6se 

'affett  of  Etrutcan  ciciei i  not  inferior  in 
giie  to  Veii  or  Volterra— conld  hiTe  been 
pUMd  OTer  in  silence  by  the  writers  of 
aatiqaitj;  bat  it  is  equslly  difficult  to 
pronoance  which  of  the  Etruscan  cities 
whose  sites  are  yet  undetermined  this 
can  be.  It  may  be  the  long,  lost  Vetu- 
lonia,  "  once,"  as  Silius  Italicus  informs 
ua,  *'  the  glory  of  the  Etruscans,'*  which 
first  gave  to  Rome  the  twelve  lictors  with 
their  £uces,  the  curule  chair,  and  the 
purple  robe  of  state.  (Communication 
of  Mr.  George  Dennis  of  Hackney  to  the 
AAenseum.) 

An  eitraordinary  discoTery  of  antique 
■eulpture  was  made  on  the  Uth  May,  by 
Mr.  Fox,  of  the  King's  Head  Inn,  at  £p* 
worth,  Lincolnshire.  In  digging  a  hole 
ia  his  stack-yard  to  bury  a  pig,  the  head 
and  body  of  a  stone  image  were  found, 
aad,  on  a  further  search  being  made,  up- 
wards of  fifty  stone  figures  of  angels,  sainU, 
martyrs,  bishops,  &o.  were  brought  to 
light.  None  of  them  are  perfect,  but  the 
ilone  of  which  they  are  made  is  in  an  ez- 
oellent  state  of  preser? ation. 

Many  urns,  some  glazed  and  orna- 
mented, were  lately  found  in  Wrelling  the 
pound  behind  the  old  church  at  Scar- 
borough. Some  of  them  were  hermeti- 
cally dosed,  and  contained  ashes  and  burnt 
bones,  and  are  supposed  to  have  remained 
there  since  the  time  of  the  Romans. 


Aniipuirian  Re$earck€$* 


[June) 


A  few  weeks  since,  as  some  labourers 
employed  on  Crickstone  Farm,  in  the  pa- 
riah of  Horton,  Gloucestershire,  were 
ploughing  OTer  a  mound  on  an  elerated 
piece  of  ground,  called  Church- hill,  the 
earth  suddenly  gave  way  under  one  of  the 
horses,  and  it  was  found  that  an  entrance 
had  thus  been  effected  into  a  rude  chamber 
measuring  four  feet  in  each  direction,  and 
containing  the  remains  of  six  or  eight 
human  bodies,  together  with  a  Teasel  of 
rery  primitiTe  shape,  made  from  a  blue 
sort  of  eardi,  and  appmrently  baked  in  the 
sun,  aa  it  endently  had  not  been  subjected 
to  the  action  of  fire.  Some  charred  hu- 
man bodies  were  also  found,  which  had 
probably  been  the  oocupants  of  the  Tcssel 
in  question,  as  they  were  found  near  the 
same  spot.  The  falling  in  of  the  earth 
aad  stones,  and  the  unscientific  exploration 
of  the  workmen,  howoTer,  render  an  accu- 
imte  description  impossible.  The  bodies 
■eemed  to  haTe  been  indiscriminately 
plaoed,  and  appeared  as  though  they  had 
been  in  a  sitting  posture.  The  size  of  the 
ehamber  would  not  allow  of  their  being 
extended  at  length.  The  sides  and  top 
warf  formed  of  single  flat  f tOAea,  around 


and  outaide  of  which  smaller  stonea  had 
been  loosely  built  up  in  the  form  of  a  wsU. 
Connected  with  this,  and  lying  at  right 
angles  on  the  eastern  side,  was  ano^er 
opening  similar  to  the  former.  The  di- 
mensions were  about  six  feet  by  two  feet 
and  a  half ;  in  this,  also,  were  the  remaina 
of  two  bodies.  Supposing  that  this  waa 
not  a  solitary  Tault,  openings  were  made  in 
sercral  places  in  the  mound,  which  was  of 
about  forty  feet  in  diameter,  and  appeared 
throughout  to  be  constructed  of  loosely- 
built-up  stones,  of  the  same  description 
as  those  dug  up  from  the  neighbouring 
quarry ;  and  about  a  week  afterwarda 
another  chamber,  similariy  formed  to  the 
last,  of  about  six  feet  by  four,  and  lying 
about  twelve  feet  distance  to  the  weat» 
waa  discoTered.  In  this  were  fourteen  or 
fifteen  human  skeletons,  all  with  heada  to 
the  east.  The  bodies  must  haTe  been  of 
all  ages  and  sizes. 

SXPULCHRAL    irPIOIBS    FOUND    AT 
BRISTOL. 

On  the  remoral  of  the  pews  and  wains- 
coting of  St.  Stephen's  church,  BrisU^, 
on  the  6th  May,  three  arched  recesses 
haTe  been  discovered  in  the  wall  of  the 
North  Aile.  The  two  easternmost  are 
plain  and  unoccupied,  but  the  other  ia  en* 
riched  with  half-trefoils,  and  bosses  of 
leaves  starred.  It  contains  an  altar  tomb» 
with  recumbent  effigies  of  a  man  and 
woman.  The  front  of  the  tomb  is  orna- 
mented with  a  succession  of  shields,  and 
under  them  is  a  series  of  niches,  contain- 
ing whole-length  figures,  within  decorated 
arches.  The  monument  was  shamefully 
mutilated  for  the  purpose  of  fitting  the  oak 
panneling  to  the  wall.  The  projecting 
portions  of  the  arch,  the  right  shoulder  oi 
the  male  figure,  with  part  of  the  arm  as 
far  as  the  elbow,  the  head  of  the  lion  at 
his  feet,  the  ledge  of  the  slab  on  whldi 
the  effigiea  rest,  and  the  surface  of  the 
shields,  haTe  been  cut  away.  The  anna  of 
both  the  figures  are  raised  in  a  supplicatory 
position,  but  the  man's  hands  are  lost. 
Both  his  legs  are  also  fractured,  but  are 
entire.  With  these  exceptions,  both  ef- 
figies are  in  remarkable  preserration. 
The  church  was  new-pewed  vrith  ma- 
hogany in  1733,  but  the  wainscoting  br 
which  this  monument  had  been  concealed 
waa  of  oak;  no  information  appears  to 
exist  as  to  the  period  of  its  introduction 
into  this  building ;  but,  firom  the  style  of 
earring  on  some  of  the  boards,  it  is  con* 
jectnred  to  haTe  been  here  upwards  of  two 
centuries. 

It  was  surmised  that  the  male  effigy 
was  that  of  John  Shepward,  an  eminent 
Bristol  merchant,  who  rebuilt  the  tower  o( 


18'I4.] 


Aniiquarian  Researches* 


637 


St.  SteplifQ'a  church  ;  but  lie  lived  nearly 
a  ceotury  latpr  than  \ts  costume,  and  by 
hia  will  d^ted  14  Dec.  1473,  desired  to  be 
biiried  in  the  chaDceL  The  mole  fi^reis 
habited  in  what  wa^the  preTBiliDpf  dre&s  of 
the  higher  classes  in  the  reifpi  of  Edward 
the  Third.  It  is  a  close-fitting  body  gar- 
mentf  called  a  coai-hardie,  huttoned  all 
the  way  down  the  front,  aiiid  reaching  to 
the  in  id  die  of  the  tkigli.  Below  the 
Bteerea*  which  descend  to  the  elhow  onlyi 
are  8«ea  the  sleeves  of  an  under  vest  or 
donbleti  buttoned  from  thcticc  to  the 
wriat ;  an  ornamented  military  belt,  then 
worn  by  every  kuight,  is  buckled  across 
the  bipfi,  terfDlnating  ou  the  left  side  at 
the  end  of  the  garmeuti  but  without  any 
appendage.  On  the  right  are  indications 
which  would  appear  to  denote  that  a 
dagger  hod  been  attached  to  the  belt*  The 
legs  are  covered  with  a  ttiin  elastic  mate- 
rial unto  the  ankles,  which  are  surrounded 
by  a  Barrow  band,  interlaced  on  the  in- 
iidef  affording  for  the  feet  a  similar  co- 
reringt  attached  to  short  pointed  fdipperB. 
The  feet  are  curved*  adhering  closely  to 
the  concave  body  of  the  lion*  on  which 
they  are  supported. 

Of  the  female  figure,  at  whose  feet  re* 
dines  a  dog,  the  emblem  of  nuptial  tidelity, 
many  diversi^ed  opinions  hav^e  been  ex- 
pressed, and  it  is  generally  supposed  to 
belong  to  a  later  date  than  that  of  its  com- 
panion ;  if»  however,  we  examine  the 
costnmet  we  iball  find  many  indications 
which  render  it  not  improbable  that  it  ts 
of  a  conteinporary  cra^  The  gowo  fitting 
remarkably  close'  to  the  waist — its  length 
in  front,  which  conceals  the  feet,  and  the 
general  stnughtness  of  the  apparel, 
added  to  which,  the  oblong  indentations 
like  buckles,  intended  to  represent 
pocketSf  as  may  be  seen  in  illuminations 
of  this  period,  are  all  con  sis  ten  t  with  the 
costtune  of  the  male  figure.  Opposed  to 
this  may  be  advanced  the  square  head- 
dress, the  most  remarkable  feature  during 
the  reign  of  Henry  the  Fourth  \  but  exam- 
ples, it  is  weU  knoifn,  occur  of  its  occa- 
sional introduction  much  earlier. 

We  will  now  endeavour  to  ascertain 
bow  far  the  character  of  the  altar>tomb 
will  accord  with  the  period  we  have  as- 
signed tu  the  effigies.  The  side  is  re- 
lieved by  six  compartments  or  niches, 
surmounted  with  decorated  pediments, 
each  containing  a  small  sculptured  figure 
— the  mullions  by  which  they  are  divided 
terminating  at  the  head  with  a  shield.  The 
figures  teem  to  be  emblematic  of  sorrow, 
»od  attired  in    the  mourning  babit   ol 


about  tlie  year  1337,  Thii  style  of  se- 
pulchral architecture  commenced  in  tbe 
reign  of  Edward  the  First,  and  was  com- 
mon during  the  whole  of  the  Hthceutury. 
Alt  hough,  therefore,  the  tomb  is  not 
adapted  to  the  recess  in  which  it  is  in* 
serted,  and  althongh  the  effigies  them* 
selveFf  from  removal  and  other  causes, 
have  been  disunited,  and  would  appear  as 
not  ongiaally  intended  as  companions,  wc 
cannot  avoid  arriving  at  the  conclusiou 
thot  they  each  have  a  just  right  and  title 
to  the  tomb  on  which  they  are  laid. 

We  are  not  at  present  prepared  to  ad- 
vance to  whom  these  efligies  may  with 
certainty  be  attributed,^ — they  might  have 
been  benefactors  to  the  old  church,  of 
which  the  earliest  notice  occurs  in  1304» 
and  removed,  at  its  re -building,  between 
the  years  1450  and  1490  into  the  recess 
where  they  are  now  placed. 


On  the  Q2d  March,  in  a  small  field  in 
tbe  immediate  vicinity  of  Closeburn  Ltme- 
works*  near  Edinburgh,  belonging  to  Sir 
Charles  Men  tea  tb,  and  until  very  lately 
in  a  state  of  nature,  tbe  plough  turned  up, 
about  six  inches  from  the  surfisce,  many 
thousands  of  silver  coins,  consisting  of 
stiver  pennies  and  groats.  Of  the  latter 
some  ore  English  of  King  Edward, 
coined  nt  Loni^on,  and  others  Scotish  of 
King  David,  coined  at  Edinburgh.  The 
pennies  are  partly  of  the  London  and 
partly  of  tbe  York  mint. 

On  the  29th  March,  in  demoltsbing  the 
Grammar  School,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne 
(by  an  order  of  the  town  council  of  that 
borough),  which  was  formerly  the  Hospital 
of  Saint  Mory  the  Virgin,  were  found 
four  co0in«lidB,  and  part  of  another,  en- 
graved with  crosses  flory  in  outline* 
One  of  them  has  a  wheel-headed  crosA 
between  a  large  knife  and  a  sword. 

At  Crag  Hall,  Fesmond,  near  New* 
castle,  the  residence  of  Mr.  Charles  Adam^ 
sou,  whilst  the  gardener  was  leveling  and 
trenching  the  ground  for  a  grass-plot  in 
front  of  the  house  on  the  S7th  March,  ho 
discovered  two  graves  built  with  flat  stones 
set  edge  ways,  so  as  to  form  the  sides  of 
them,  having  a  flat  stone  laid  on  the  top 
as  a  cover.  In  these  were  discovered 
four  ancient  British  urns  of  an  early  date, 
cootaiuing  fragments  of  bones  and  fine 
earth.  Unfortunately  only  one  of  lb* 
n amber  was  gut  out  whole* 


€39 


HISTORICAL   CHROXICLK 


PROCEEDINGS  IN   PARLIAMENT. 

Ho:*ii.  Off  iyottMcv%. 

fOftT  Bki.  tvo4in»wcM  tor^  piaoe.  vkwk 
fed  to  no  iBti^fartary  re^ait.  A  BOCkie 
«f  Sir  ycMCi  OrvAflB  x!tmx  **  No  voonr 
■tTK/o  *M  fi  ■■!>  odnif  be  eaiplovvd  w  a 
Vociory  10  one  dov  Bore  than  /vWpp 
koun,"  «ra«  ar|catirc4  br  IM  to  1^; 
aad  aa  aawndiDrnt  of  Lord  AMklwf  of 
foi  boon,  •as  orotivcd  bj  1«A  to  1?1. 

Mm^k  tS.  Oa  ibe  mofioa  of  Sir 
B»brrt  Peel  a  Select  Comaaittce  vaa 
appoint*^,  to  conuder  t>ie  Actf  novr  in 
force  with  rr*|M:ct  to  the  tnal  of  Cox- 
TftovEaTiD  Elutioni. 

Mmrck  Sf7.  Tbe  FacroaxEt  Bill  vas 
witbdrawn  by  Sir  /toMf  GraAm.  and  a 
new  Bill  prcfcnted,  aod  read  tbe  firtt 
time ;  af  wai  alao  a  Bill  for  tbe  more 
•aty  Recovery  of  Small  Demandi  in  the 
County  Coiars  of  Enclaiid  ;  and  a  Bill 
for  regulating  the  BaiufTt  of  Interior 
Court!,  it  is  proposed  tbat  tbe  County 
Courts*  jurisdiction  shall  extend  to  the 
•um  of  16/.  The  junMiiction  will  refer 
to  simple  r«ses  of  contract  debt — damages 
for  a  breai-h  of  the  peace— unlawful  bold, 
iiig  of  property,  rendering  tbe  party  liable 
to  an  action  of  trover.  It  is  proposed  to 
introduce  this  measure  gradually,  accord- 
ing to  tbe  wants  and  demands  of  certain 
looilities,  without  incurring  any  great  in- 
creaite  of  expense. 

Jyril  I .  iiord  BUot  obtained  leaye  to 
bring  in  two  Bills,  one  for  tbe  Registra. 
Cion  of  Parliamcnury  Electors  in  Ireland, 
and  the  other  to  alter  the  qualificution  of 
BunresfMt  in  Municipal  Corporations  and 
of  Voters  in  the  election  of  Municipal 
Commisaioners  in  Irebind.— In  a  Com- 
Biittee  of  HirrPLY,  M)0,UUO/.  was  granted 
fior  (!ivil  Tontingpncies ;  112,190/.  for 
Public  Buildings  ;  5,  DM)/,  for  Temporary 
Huuai* of  I'ariiaments,  tiO,0U)/.  for  New 
HouM's  of  I'arliHment,  and  7,UU()/.  for 
TralaliTiir  S«|uare.  Amoii«  tbe  rcsolu. 
tions  irportrd  waa  one  of  :i7,9H7/.  to 
defray  the  charge  of  the  British  Museum 
lor  the  year  ending  Marrh,  1H15.— Billa 
ware  reail  the  first  tima,  for  the  better 
prevriitioii  of  Mre  in  the  Metropolii, 
and  to  provide  fi»r  the  cstHblinbmeiit  and 
rrguUtidu  of  Cliaritablc  Tawn  Societies. 

^itrtl  '^.  111  tt  Committee  on  the  Law 
or  rAHTNiCRsiiii*,  See,  it  was  rcsolvi*d 
tbat  billi  bo  brought  in,  1.  for  tbe  regu- 


pnva-e  J 

of  tbcir  PartBcrs.  j 

in  tbe  aatBe  of  tMr 

taj^rsll^ 
I&     Tbe 
SoarnES  Bill  waa  will 

ApriifX    a: 
ing  of  Vi 
tbe  fint  tine. 

jtp>ni  ».  A  Select  < 
appoiaied  to  in^Mie  iato  tbe  mmm^ifSbm 
Colony  of  New  ZsALawB,  mmk  iIm  fm^ 
feedings  of  tbe  New  TwImmI  Ooayuv. 

Jlfr%l».    Tbe  VkmmnHwr^  tie Bm^ 
eke^uer,  in  a  committee  mi  Wna  ani 
Meana,    brought   ionmd   tbe    HBihu. 
After  sbowing  tbat  bia  ■■fiFi|iigriiM  IhI 
year  were  mon  tban  borae  9m  hf  tie 
retuh,  be  pfoeteded  w  esplaia  tike  peiMi 
in  which  bis  eetinarte  bad  frUea  abort  of 
or  exceeded  tbe  actnal  retania.     He  kai 
eftinnated  tbe  Custoais  at  19AMMMMML» 
tbe  actual  som  raaliacd  was  9I,4M,00IML  | 
tbeestimateof  tbe  Exdaewas  ISfiOOjOOOL, 
tbe  sum  realiaed  19,960.0001;    '^ 
were  eatimated  at  7,000,000/.,  tba  i 
was   7.011.000/.;    Taxes,   eatia 
4,)»0,000/.,  produced  only  i,l9tmOlL  | 
t*  e  Pott^fBcet5tiBiatewasa00,000f.ytha 
produce  6^8,000/.;   Crowa  bode,  eatU 
mated  at  130,000/.,  produced  147,O00C  i 
Misccllaoeous    Estimatea,    fhMa 
be      anticipated      3(50,0001., 
966,000/.  ;    and    China   moaer, 
Utea     to     produce     870,000f.» 
reaii<ied  bOS.OOO/.      Tbe  total 
wiiK    50.150,000/.,    tbe    total    prodaea 
5«,b  I5,l«4i.     He  waa  bapa^  to  laj  tbal 
the  I  ^timate  of  tbe  expenditure  bad  ex. 
cee«:ed  the  actual  expense  incuned.     Tha 
House  was  aware  that  kat  year  tbeva 
was  a  deficit  of  revenue  to  meet  tbe  ex 
penditure  to  the  extent  of  2,400,000^9 
and  he  was  hippy  to  annoanoe  tbat  not 
onlv  had  tbe  whole  of  it  been  deared  off 
ana  discharged,  but  there  remained  a  aar* 

C'  I  exceeding  1,400,0001.  Tbe  rigbt 
.  gentlemen  then  proceeded  to  state 
his  view  of  the  prosjiects  of  tbe  country 
for  the  ensuing  year,  in  which  be  endea- 
▼oured  to  guard  against  being  too  nn- 
guiuc.    He  estimated  tbe 


1844.] 

Customs  >t 
Excise 

StatopR 
Taxes 

Property  Tux 
Post  Office 
Crown  Lands 
MisceUaneous 


,  jfSl  ,500.000 

.     13,000,000 

.    7,ix»tnouo 

.       4,^J00,000 

,       5. 100.  QUO 

600,000 

J  30,000 

250,000 


■  Total  of  about  £51,790,000 
^^^  He  now  came  to  the  expenditure.  He 
^^H  esttmated  the  interest  on  the  debt^  winch 
^^B  VTHt  lust  year  29,130,000^.*  at  only 
B          87, 697 ,000/.,  sbo\?ing  »n  apparent  redoc 

■  lion  of  1.400,000/.  This,  however,  wit 
not  a  saTing  to  the  public  of  thitt  mjm, 
for  it  was  to  be  attributed  to  tbe  alteration 
In  the  periods  for  the  pnyment  of  the 
divldeno,  the  real  saving  in  consequence 
of  the  redaction  of  the  Three.and-a- 
Half  per  Cents,  being  for  this  year  only 
313,000/.  His  estimate  of  expenditure 
stood  thus  t 

Cbarges  on  the  con- 
solidated  fund,  in- 
cluding    deficienej 
bills,  &e. 
Army 
Navy 
Ordnance 
Miftcellarieoiis    » 
Eitraordiriary        ex- 
j>enses      connected 
with  China    , 
The   total  expornJiture  he   estimated  at 
51,790,0»X)/,,  which  would  leave  an  appa- 
fcnt  Rurphis  of  4,146,000/*,  btit  a  real  one 
of  2,376,(100/.     He  liad  received  spplica. 
tJonft,  in  consequence  of  the  satisfactory 
■tate  of  the  revenue,  to  reduce  the  duties 
npon  almost  every  arricfe  of  revenue,  and 
ihere  were  some  items  of  taxation  which 
he  thought  might  be  reduced  or  repeated 
without  trenehing  much  upon  the  revenue. 
The  Arst  article  he  proposed  to  deiil  with 
was  Glass  ;  and  be  believed  a  great  facility 
might  be  given  to  that  trade  by  abolishing 
the  distinctive  duties  between  bottle  and 
flint  gWs,  by  reducing  the  duty  on  the 
ktler  from  2d.  to  id  per  lb.     He  calcu- 
kted   the   loss    from    this    altenition   at 
43,000/.,  but  this  year  it  would  be  only 
35,000/.,  OS  the  reduction  would  not  com- 
me  nee  until  July.     He  also  proposed  to 
repeal  aJtogether  the  duty  on  Vinegmr,  by 
which  he  would  lose  25.000/.     The  duty 
on    ^M urine  Intjurances  he  proposed  not 
otily  to  reduce,  but  to  alter  the  scale  by 
which  they  were  levied;  and,  though  be 
estimated  from  this  no  immedtatc  loss  of 
100,000/.,  be  did  not  think  it  would  be  tn 
ultimate  loss  to  the  revenue. 

There  were  minor  reductions,  such  as 
on  itimpe  on  agreements,  and  on  proxies 
for  voting  at  the  election  of  railway  diitc. 


Proceedings  in  Parliameni* 


639 


£30,097,000 

6,ei  6.000 
6,250.000 
1,640,000 
3,000,000 


400.000 


tors,  upon  which  be  would  not  dwell,  bat 
tiim  at  once  to  articles  of  customs.  He 
proposed  to  reduce  the  duly  on  currants 
from  t2s,  per  cwt.  to  15*.,  beln^  the  duty 
now  paid  on  raisins.  From  this  he  anti- 
cipated In  the  fiirst  instance  a  loss  of 
90,000/,  but  the  increased  consumption 
would  tend  to  decrease  that  lo^s.  He 
proposed  to  lessen  the  distinctive  duties 
upon  English  and  foreign  coffee »  by  re- 
ducing the  latter  from  8d.  to  6d.  i  and 
this  measure  be  would  accompany  with 
one  for  an  inereaaed  duty  on  ebicory, 
which  was  extensively  used  for  the  aduU 
terarion  of  coffee.  From  this  reduction 
he  expected  a  loss  of  50,000/.  Thcne  was 
but  one  other  reduction,  which  wa*  the 
most  important  of  them  all,  and  whicb 
would  imply  a  loss  of  100,000/. — be  meant 
the  duty  on  wool,  which  he  proposed  to 
repeal  altogether.  All  of  these  reductions 
would  cause  a  loss  of  about  400,000/.  to 
the  revenue.  He  wished  to  state  dis* 
tinctly^,  but  without  going  into  the  details, 
the  principle  upon  which  be  intended  to 
deal  with  the  sugar  dutiet.  As  the 
Brazil  treaty  would  expire  in  November, 
they  would  be  at  liberty  to  adopt  hit 
recommendation,  for  they  would  be  no 
longer  bound  to  continue  that  eountry 
in  the  position  of  the  moat  favoured 
nation.  He  would  propose,  then,  that 
from  November  they  should  admit  into 
this  country  sugar  from  all  those  foreign 
sugar. producing  states  which  were  exempt 
from  the  taint  of  slavery,  at  a  di fie ren rial 
duty  of  lot.  per  cwt.  The  duty  on 
British  colonial  sugar  would  be  24*.*  end 
the  foreign  duty  34*.  When  the  proper 
time  came  he  would,  of  course,  place  the 
matter  more  fully  before  the  House. — 
Mr.  F.  Barinff  said  the  right  bon.  gentle* 
man  should  have  told  the  House  what 
the  state  of  the  revenue  would  have  been 
if  it  had  not  been  for  the  pfopefty  tax  | 
and  asked  if  it  was  intended  that  it 
should  terminate  at  the  end  of  three 
years  ? — Sir  Robert  Peel  said  the  income 
tax  would  expire  next  year,  and  that 
would  be  the  time  to  consider  whether  It 
w&B  necetsary,  or  otherwise,  to  continue 
it  for  the  five  years  orignally  contem- 
plated. 

^i7  30.  Mr.  Fmt  Msvle  moved  for 
leave  to  bring  tn  a  Bill  to  regulate  the 
administration  of  Oaths  tn  the  Univer* 
si  ties  of  Scotland.  The  motion  was  ne- 
gatived by  128  to  101. 

Mai;  ?.  The  C/tamethr  uf  iht  Em* 
ehequer  moved  for  a  Bill  to  amend  the 
laws  relating  to  Savings  Banka.  Deposi- 
tors  now  obtained  a  higher  ititerest  than 
could  be  derived  from  the  funds.  He, 
therefore,  proposed  to  reduce  the  interesti 
which  wfts  %id,  per  d»y  per  100/.  to  2d. 


640 


Trocttdingt  in  ParKawuHt, 


CJmi«, 


per  day.  He  alfo  proposed  to  limit  the 
amount  of  deposits  to  SO/,  in  one  year, 
instead  of,  as  at  present,  to  301.  ;  and  no 
farther  deposits  to  be  received  after  it 
wnounted  to  ISO/.,  and  all  further  in. 
terest  to  cease  when  the  principal  and 
Interest  amounted  to  150/. ;  also  to  regu. 
late  the  mode  of  investing  by  trustees, 
•od  other  minor  details. 

AAry  3.  On  the  order  for  Committee 
OD  the  EMtories  Bill,  Mr.  Roebuck 
moved  an  amendment  that,  *'  it  is  the 
opinion  of  this  House  that  no  interference 
with  the  power  of  adult  labourers  in 
lactories  to  make  contracts  respecting 
the  hours  for  which  they  shall  be  em- 
ployed be  sanctioned  by  this  House.*' 
Thie  House  voted  for  going  into  Com* 
■littee  by  a  majority  of  282  to  76. 

Afoy  10.  The  Factoriks  Bill  was 
read  a  third  time.  A  debate  commenced 
on  consideration  of  the  Eleven  Hours' 
Clause,  proposed  as  the  medium  between 
the  ten  and  twelve  hours,  negatived  on 
the  former  Bill ;  it  was  adjourned  to 
Monday  May  13,  when  a  division  took 
]iUce,  and  the  ministerial  proposition 
was  carried  by  the  large  majority  of  297 
to  159.  The  Bill  aftcnvards  passed  by 
IM  to  29.^  On  the  motion  of  Mr. 
Btnring  Wmit,  a  Select  Committee  was 
appointed  to  inquire  into  the  present 
state  of  the  building  of  the  New  Hui'sks 

OF  PARLlAlfZST. 

A/fly  14.  Mr.  Skarman  Crawford 
moved  for  leave  to  bring  in  a  Bill  to 
extend  the  Pakuamcntahy  Sltfrage, 
and  to  secure  the  free  representation  of 
the  people.  Dr.  Botrring  seconded  the 
motion;  upon  which  the  House  imme- 
diately divided,  and  it  was  negatived  by  a 
majority  of  97  to  31.— Mr.  Watton  moved 
for  a  Select  Committee  for  inquiry  into 
the  orders  of  compensation,  made  in  pur- 
•uanoe  of  the  5  snd  6  Vic,  c.  103,  on  the 
abolition  of  the  Six  Clerks'  Office  in  the 
Court  of  Chancery.  The  Solicitor- 
Otneral  objected  to  the  motion,  and  Sir 
Jamet  Graham  contended  that  these 
officers  had  a  prescriptive  right  to  com- 
pensation, and  that  the  Act  by  which  it 
was  secured  to  them  had  passed  with  all 
the  usual  precautions.  Upon  u  division, 
the  motion  was  negatived  by  a  majority  of 
8ito68. 

May  20.  In  Committee  on  the  Ua.nk 
OF  England  Chautkr  it  was  resolved 
that  it  is  expedient. — 1.  To  continue  to 
the  Bank  of  England,  for  a  time  to  be 
limited,  certain  of  the  privileges  now  by 
law  vested  in  that  corporation,  subject 
to  such  conditions  as  may  be  provided 
by  any  Act  to  be  passed  for  that  purpose. 
9.  That  tlM  Bank  of  England  should 
lienceforth  be  dinded  into  two  separate 
10  ^ 


departments ;  one  exeluritely  eonfincd 
to  the  issue  and  circulation  of  nocea,  the 
other  to  the  conduct  of  baoking  IraaincM. 
3.  To  limit  the  amount  of  accvritiea 
upon  which  it  shall  henceforth  be  lawful 
for  the  Bank  of  England  to  laaue  pro- 
missory notes  payable  to  bearer  on  de- 
mand, and  that  such  amount  alwll  only 
be  increased  under  certain  conditioos  to 
be  prescribed  by  Uw.  4.  That  a  weekly 
publication  should  be  made  by  the  Bank 
of  EngUnd  of  the  state  Iwth  of  the  Cir* 
cnlation  and  of  the  Banking  Depaitmenta. 

5.  To  repeal  the  law  which  aa^ecta 
the  notes  of  the  Bank  of  England  to  the 
payment  of  composition  for  stamp  duty. 

6.  That,  in  consideration  of  the  privi- 
leges to  be  continued  to  the  Bank  of 
England,  the  rate  of  fixed  annnal  ptfOMBt 
to  be  msde  by  the  bank  to  the  pahUe 
shall  be  i?180,000  per  annum,  to  bade- 
frayed  by  deducting  the  said 


the  sum  now  payable  to  the  bank  for  the 
management  of^  the  public  debt.  7. 
That,  io  the  event  of  any  increase  of  the 
securities  upon  which  it  shall  behiwfal 
for  the  bank  to  issue  such  promiaaory 
notes  at  aforesaid,  a  further  annual  pay- 
ment  shall  be  made  by  the  bank  to  the  pob> 
lie  over  and  above  the  said  fixed  paTmeot 
of  i?18(),000,  equal  in  amount  to  toe  net 


profit  derived  from  the  promissory 
issued  on  such  additional  aeearitiea. 
8.  To  prohibit  the  issue  of  promisaory 
notes  payable  to  bearer  on  demand  byanT 
bank  not  issuing  such  notes  on  the  6tli 
day  of  May  ISii,  or  b;f  any  bank  there- 
after to  be  established  in  any  part  of  the 
United  Kingdom.— 9.  To  provide  that 
such  banks  in  England  and  Wales  aa  oa 
the  6th  day  of  May  1844  issued  prooiia* 
sorv  notes,  pa)'able  to  bearer  on  oemandp 
shall  continue  to  issue  such  notes,  subject 
to  such  conditions  and  to  such  limitationa 
as  to  the  amount  of  issue  as  may  be  pro. 
vidvd  fur  by  any  Act  to  be  passed  for  that 
purpose. — 10.  That  it  is  expedient  to 
provide  by  law  for  the  weekly  publica- 
tion of  the  amount  of  promissory  notes, 
payable  to  bearer  on  demand,  circulated 
by  any  bank  authorised  to  issue  such 
notes.—]  I .  That  it  is  expedient  to  make 
provision  by  law  with  regard  to  joint 
banking  companies. 

May  24'.  On  the  motion  of  Sir  Jmrnet 
Graham  a  Select  Committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  inquire  into  the  administration 
and  operation  of  the  law  for  the  relief  of 
the  Poor  in  Unions  formed  under  the 
Act  -a  Geo.  III.,  c.  83. commonly  called 
Gilbert*s  Act.  This  is  with  the  view  of 
inquiring  into  the  expediency  of  main- 
taining or  dissolving  such  unions. — Ad- 
journed over  Whitsuntide  to  the  SOth 
May. 


eu 


FOREIGN   NEWS. 


Frasck. 

The  dispute  between  the  Government 
and  Che  Clergy  conthines.  Tbe  liilter 
whh  to  cDgross  the  eduenlion  of  tbe 
whole  people;  but  Loui&^Pbilippe  is  re* 
iolutcly  bent  on  opposing  their  pre  ten- 
si  on  s« 

In  the  Chamber  of  Deputies  M*  Giiizot 
lately  declared  that  it  was  tbe  determina- 
tion of  tbe  Government  to  ubolisb  negro 
sltivery  in  tbe  French  colon les,  and  that  tn 
their  course  thvy  would  be  f^uided  by  the 
example  and  experience  of  Greiit  Brituiii. 
SrAJ.v. 

The  Bravo  ministry  having  resigned  on 
Il!ie2d  of  May,  another  has  been  appointed, 
and  General  Karvaex  is  now  President  ol 
the  Council  and  Minister  of  Wttf.  This 
country  does  not  boast  cimong  its  public 
men  a  sirtgle  mind  j^ossessed  of  sufficieiit 
energy  to  enable  it  to  meet  the  cir^om- 
stances  under  which  it  is  at  present  in- 
volved. A  Uvy  of  50,£MX)  conscript*  1ms 
been  ordered.  Queen  Isribelln  and  her 
mother  ire  seeking  by  every  means  to 
ingratiate  themselvts  with  tbe  army.  The 
Queen  has  rewarded  the  aer vices  of  Ge- 
neral Rocali,  who  shot  bo  many  of  his 
countrj^ment  at  Alicant,  with  the  Grand 
Cross  of  the  Order  of  Fernando. 
Portugal. 

The  revolt  has  terminated.  Almeida 
surrendered  on  the  29th  Apiil.  The 
troops  gave  up  their  aims  arid  marched 
to  the  place  whither  they  were  ordeied, 
ftnd  the  oflftcers  escaped  into  Spain. 
Havti. 

The  new  President  Herard  marched 
with  a  large  army  for  the  city  of  St, 
Uomingo,  to  quell  the  insurrection  in  the 
eastern  portion  of  that  isliind.  Taking 
ndviintage  of  the  absence  of  tbe  General 
and  troops  the  black  people  rose  eti  maiife 
on  Sunday  the  31st  March,  und  com- 
menced a  slaughter  of  the  brown  popu- 
lation. Tbe  National  Guards  of  Aux 
Cayes  went  with  tvvo  cannon  to  suppress 
the  rebellion  ;  hut  their  o\^  n  General  de- 


livered up  the  ordnance  to  the  blackis,  and 
joined  them  himself.  Thus  strengtk'ned 
they  drove  the  National  Guard  back  to 
Aux  Cayes,  entered  the  tovm,  and  mur- 
dered every  brown  person  they  encoun- 
tered. T  he  i  n  h  u  hi  ta  n  ts  crowded  i  n  num  - 
hers  to  the  foreign  shipping  in  tbe  harbour, 
and  many  of  them  were  afterwards  landed 
at  Jiimnica. 

India. 

The  dissatisfaction  which  bad  edited 
among  some  of  tbe  native  troops  has  sub- 
sided, but  the  47ih  Madras  regiment, 
which  bad  shown  a  mutinous  ftpirit  in 
Bombay,  has  been  sent  to  garrison  Aden* 
Scinde  is  tfanquil  and  comparatively 
healthy. 

A  civil  war  is  raging  in  Lahore.  Tbe 
Court  of  Directors  of  the  East  India 
Company  have,  in  the  exercise  of  tbe 
discretion  repo&ed  in  them,  superseded 
Lord  Ellenborough  In  his  office  of  Go- 
vernor^Gencrai  of  India.  At  a  Court  of 
Directors  held  at  the  East  India  House 
May  6th  Li ettt.- General  the  Right  Hon. 
Sir  Henry  Hardiuge,  K.C.B,  was  unani- 
mously appointed  Governor-GcneraL 

ALCtitlA. 

On  the  2kb  April  an  engtgcment  took 
place  belwcen  the  Kabylt^s  nnd  the  co- 
lumn commanded  by  the  Dnkc  d*Aon:iale 
in  person.  A  den»e  fog  which  prevailed 
at  the  time  caused  a  fianie  among  the 
soldiers  of  tbe  Goum,  who  marched  on 
tbe  tlank  of  rhe  main  body,  and  their 
precipitate  retreat  occasioned  some  con- 
tusion in  tbe  rank$.  Tbe  Arabs  were 
repulsed,  but  not  without  a  herious  lo^s 
on  tbe  side  of  the  French.  During  tbe 
mtii^e  the  Duke  d'Auniale^  closely  pressed 
by  the  aisaitants,  was  saved  by  a  field- 
officer.  His  horse  had  been  pierced  by 
three  bullets,  and  that  of  an  officer  ridir^ 
close  to  bim  by  five.  The  march  of  tbe 
expedition  under  tbe  order  of  Mtirabtl 
Bugeaud  continued  to  be  impeded  by  bad 
weather. 


DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES, 


Feb.  11.  A  fire  broke  out  at  HiUin^* 
rfow  Homi,  Uxhiidge,  the  mansiun  of  H. 
H.  Cox,  esq,  (of  the  firm  of  Greenwood, 
Cox,  and  Co,)  which  destroyed  a  great 
portion  of  the  building,  including  tbe 
drawing-room,  in  whuh  Her  Majesty  was 
entertained  to  luncheon  about  three  weeks 
before.  The  damage  is  estimated  at 
i5,00(W. 

Qmst.  Maq*  Vol.  XXL 


May  1.  A  iirc  broke  out  at  a  black- 
smith's in  the  village  of  Strefham  near 
Ely,  which  eventually  destroyed  tvvcnly- 
five  bouses  and  tenements,  including  three 
large  farms,  being  about  oncthird  of  the 
place,  and  depiiving  160  persons  of  their 
dwellings. 

Jftfy  7.  Tbe  Theatre  Royal,  Mm- 
cketttr,  was  destroyed  by  fire*  It  wai  • 
4N 


C 


U2 


Dvmeinr.  Osn 


U^mt, 


tke  ;r«:-.»^  o^  Mr.  G.  i 

*J«  ';»-/T»  I.---.  Ti.*  »-.-.i :i<  V>^:r-^ 
uai.  -i*  C  -;.■•  Hxei  ii*  z'^.-.r-.^A.  ;-.-  :* 
tWu/vr  .ti*  l'lj^..baft£saJ..l:«eC-.dC4l&- 
t^/tkAumtt  of  :i«  i£*s.bMr*.  &>i  l:.  a^ 
N'/*.'  WO,  »£*;,  tt<  «i'.lt  c:  M—  Grcca 


t<  *-2d  £jr.  :r  L^l^fctf.  vijc^  bvk  be 
DM71  r  rvac-e^-i-x  u  *«**^*^  oae  of  the 
ace-TKi:-^  mBBr»  9^  tW  oUcs  tiaw.  It 
a  K.-:9i»i;-j  *:  txre  ornaecd  ni  a  floe 

5ir '»:  u  t.  boc«s.  Ibc  »ere 

P7«P«r&  BpihApi^.— The  ^hu 
koQM  :«-  :^  fcwh«mi  brii^coipirtrf, 

:W  :xi:>  «-^  kc  fint  csUitcd  on  tke 
cwcrw  0^  S«:«4irtWI««f  Jnae.  TW 
hrit  ^-- *rr»  ec  as  ciewEMm  of  63  fcec 
AboTe  trc  >ttI  of  hiiWi 

n«.  &ad  iriite  withia  tbe  liae  of  tbe 
hreiBnur.     A  MI  wiU  be  ra^  m,  ia. 


PROMOnOXS,  PREFERMENTS,  &c. 


/>!.<.  EMt  teff'/Ik  Xihtu.  Heorr  BnM 
Rrw.  «^j.  to  U  0#lr>»H .  r.'taaf1«<«  BVnt.  **i. 

Jlf>r>t  n.  W>«t  .Mi'tlU^x  Militik.  UdgU 
Hen  fi*-ir2-.  >*tetrD«  H)nr  t^-  !*«:  OjtoD«-:. 

^^f/  »  llr»^H  •  Major •  Tliotb&ji  R)  »r..  JrtSi 
ronff,  K.  W,  firaf.  Wi  P'Mit.  G  L  Chnsiti-^. 
M  roriC.  ianM  ^opfoT'l.  ¥nh  Fnoi.  MarrvA 
Jterr.  »(ti  root.  P.  J.  ivtit,  Suih  t'nwi.  H^nry 
HavHf^k,  Utb  F'^ff,  auil  C.  T.  Van  !>trauWD- 
««■,  »»th  ^Kii.  f«r  ttm  |Jmt#-narit  f'olrjnH^  ib 
tbi-  Army ;  Ca|4ain«i  Hatnrk  M'Kle.  Sd  Foot. 
rit/ilrrWrt  f;o<Miri^«n.  40th  FrKjl,  i.  B.fNi- 
y#-r,  iftlU  K*¥,t,  A.  W.  F.  Som«-rMt.  Gmudirr 
riuariU.  M.  «.  Nixon,  y/ih  Fvit,  and  W.  L. 
Tpdw,  SOth  Fw«.  ti»  >!*•  Major*  in  thr  Anar  ; 
Utytrn  II.  C.  llaniKrd,  Sl%t  N.  Inf..  J.  G. 
I>runinv/rifi,  fith  N.  Inf.,  Hoiie  Uck.  iUt  N. 
Inf..  (Mffu  lliilhrnw,  Mill  \.  Inf..  W.  H. 
Itofl*-.  9!nh  S.  Inf..  William  Mactw,  4th  N. 
Cavalry.  William  Ganl«-n,  lOth  \.  Inf.,  K.  J. 
Mmitb.  Kiiip  Jcmeith  Na^U.  41<1  Uirht  Inf., 
William  <ivii^\v^.  Art.,  Tbomaa  .Smfli-rs.  Art., 
II.  J.  Whitr,  Sfnii  N.  Inf.C.K.T.OIilfieW.CMl. 
Sth  LiKht  f!ar.,  Jami**  AlrxamW.  Art.,  ami  J. 
T.  Un«-.  Art  (all  of  tin-  llrniral  Army),  to  U 
IJniti'nant-OfUMiflii  111  tlti-  Anny,  in  ihi-  Kai>t 
Indirn;  Caiitaiiin  i'atriik  (;ranl.  Mtli  N.  Inf., 
BIriiif  llnmnr.  Art  ,  II.  M.  (ira\i  s,  lAtli  (im- 
iiailiir-i,  ri.arlMi  Cirant.  Art  ,  ItraiMmw  York 
Krilly.  KiiK.,  Fniltrirk  llriml,  Art.,  Iliniry 
riayton,  ilh  Uirlit  <;iiv..  u.  j  u.  Umh,  nth 
N.  Inf.,  H.  J.  (Jiiyoii.  3Nt  N.  Inf.,  jfaims 
MaiiiMlrrH.  .voth  \.  Inf.,  J.  ||.  M'lionaM.  Ail., 
(Iwir^r  (.anipfifll.  Art.,  IU«*liann  aiitUy,  lOth 
l4j(lit  Cav.,  Kal|ih  Hinilh,  2Hth  .\.  ||,f..  |vt,.r 
Iniira,  Mth  N.  Inf.,  IMilliii  llarhii,  70tli  N. 
Inf..  <  liarlcN  hkliiPi,  7tli  Ij^ht  Cav..  N.  A, 
'.^'K^^*!*!*•^•'"^•  ''•"•  l''Vai.«.2f»tliX.|i,f., 
J.  G.  W.  <  iirtts  87III  N.  Inf..  T!M,maM  Youii,r 
•it  Un-iiainfm,  ami  Gi^orifi'  IhilMton,  Mtli  n! 
Inf..  (allof  thr  Uinifal  Anny)  to  lie  Maiuri,  in 
thr  Army,  in  th«>  Kant  IndliN.  ^ 

flu  *.'*.•  M»»J«r-<»''»««'raN  Juhii  lirvy  ami  II. 
•I'.i  ""!'•.*"  •**•  KniKhtfiC^mimamlfra  of  tlir 
I'll  iL-^^i'T'"  ^■""•"  <>«n'»>"i  3*1  I'oot,  an<l 
Huiiuaa   VaUMi,   40Ch  Fo«t,  LU!Ul..Culuiiel. 


Aln  i^amrbr»L  fth  Luttrs.  ^ 

tmh  Fouc,  C  B.  CanCOB.  Mlb  liwiii,  ^.  J. 
M.  Maol.>«rU,  I6lh  LaMm,  JoMpb  ApdcTHMi. 


WiMrt. 


soil.  F  -•:.  J.  O.  nonw.  Sd  Pool.  B.  W.  nnj, 
ami  Janw*  :9t«^ltardv  4ilb  RMt.  in 
be  r^mipaaiofi*  of  the  M»d  Orier;  abo. 


jor-GeEi»ai«  Jaiars  BoiWffonl  LAmkr*  (Ad- 

iutai.t-GtDer^  .  aiHl  John  Hantcr  uttkr, 
W-D^  Infkntry,  to  be  Baicbln  HimimmVh 
nf  the  Hath  ;  and  Lic«l.-U4oiiels  Walter  A. 
Yat»-.  G.  K  G^ivan.  Alrunder  Pope,  Edmrd 
Bidduiph.  aii«l  Clwrteti  Hamiltoa,  of  tbe  Ben- 
gml  Army,  to  be  ConpankNis  of  the  Mid  Ot4tr, 

JfajrS.  Charles  Fitifenld,  caq., 
d«r  R.N  to  be  Goremor  and  Coni 
C  hief  of  Her  Majcvty**  aettlcmeaU  to  the 
Gamt>iju— 1st  Foot,  Gapt.  Thoeuw  GnhMi  lo 
be  .Major. 

May  4.  Viaconnt  Mahon  and  the  Bif  ht  Boa. 
T.  B.  Macaulay  to  be  additional  Crtmiiawoaiii 
fdir  inqiiirmK  Bhethor  ad>antacv  misht  not  be 
taken  of  the  reboildinjc  of  the  Houses  of  Fur- 
liaiuent  for  iiromotioff  and  eDceuiafiaf  tbe 
Fine  Arts. 

Map  6.  ili»>al  Marines,  brevet  Mi^r  i. 
R.  Co'ryton.  to  t>e  Ij^ut.-Colonel. 

May  9.  Capt.  Roliert  Maunsell,  C.B.  to  be 
one  of  tiM*  Commissioners  of  Greenwich  Boa- 
pital,  rice  Locker. 

sMav  13.  Ktar-Adm.  M'm.  Bowles,  C.B.  to 
lie  a  ('(iniminsioner  of  the  Admiralty  Hre  8ir 
G-  F.  H«?ymoiir.— Knighted  by  pateiit,  Jaaics 
Aoiienley,  ewi.  of  the  Madras  Medical  Eata- 
bli.Hhniriit. 

Afaw  IS.  Willi.im  Lyon,  csii.  to  be  one  of 
Her  Majesty's  Hon.  Corps  of  Gentlemea-at- 
Arms,  ricf  \  aiii^han: 

sVay  14.  Richarii  Mansel  OUver,  of  Melton 
Ii(Nlfc«s  ro.  Leic.frmt.  and  Mancaret- Elisabeth, 
his  wiff;,  only  rhikl  and  heir  of  the  late  Rev. 
Milliiiiftoii  Maasry -Jackson  (formerly  Massay), 
late  of  Warm instrr,  and  formerly  of  Danham 
MaMHiy,  <-o.  ('liestcr,  to  take  the  name  of  Mas- 
S(7  after  Oliver,  and  bear  the  arms  of  Missay 
in  the  tirst  «|uartcr. 

Mav  17.  Hir  Thomas  Fremantle.  Bart,  to  be 
Her  .Majeitty'H  ?<Tn'tary  at  War.— Unattached, 
lirevet  Col.  Cecil  Himliopp,  fhnn  11th  Foot,  to 
be  Livut.-Col. ;  bruvct  Col.  dir  T.  II.  BrvwM, 


184f.] 


Preferment$,'^Birth9, 


643 


from  C«nt,  h.  p.  23(1  fti&tt  to  bo  Major;  Qifir. 
R.  11,  Wood,  from  lOth  Light  DntgooDS,  to 
be  Miyor. 

jr49rlS.  lUh  Foot,  Major  WtlliAm  CLaju* 
bre  to  lie  Miior.— I>«rhwn  Militit,  R.  S.  Sur- 
tee«,  etq^  to  h&  Major. 

Maf  oa.  Rev.  Cluirles  Lodc-r  :Bteph«Jts,  of 
Kencnt,  CO,  Ox(.  to  Ufi«  the  name  of  LmJt^r 
onlji  In  compliBnce  with  tlie  will  of  Ctuirle* 
Loder,  of  LccbJAdt,  esq*— Jjunen  ^Vt•*Jl*.  of 
Spwhfbrcl,  in  Diddlebury,  co^  dftlop,  «  minor, 
ia  c«iao1ittiice  with  lhi>  wHt  of  Wm.  BedUoes. 
Iftte  of  %uclifard,  e«q.  to  take  tlie  nunit  or 
BMldoMlmrteftd  of  VfttMlt. 

Ma^  II.  Lord  Arttiur  Lennox  to  b«  a 
CointnisMioniT  of  the  Treasury,  vice  Yo«iit[f, 
appoboleil  Secretary- 

Mof  at.  The  Right  Hon.  Sir  T.  F.  Frc- 
mantle,  Bart,  nfvom  of  tb«  Friw  Comuil. 

Ua9  34.  tSth  Po<it»  C*pt.  Goi)r»f«  I'irnJw  lo 
W  MftJor.'-UiiAttarhcxit  brevet  CotoncI  G.  El. 
Zubleke,  from  Major  h.  p.  Portuiruesc  »ervicc, 
lo  be  Lieut.-Colonel ;  brevet  Col.  Sir  William 
riialtners*  ttmn.  Capt.  h.  p.  57th  Foot,  and 
brevet  Col.  Cbarles  Beckwitb,  from  C*nt*  h<  p, 
Rirte  BHsBde»  to  b#  Midon.— Bf«vrt»  Ckpt.  W. 
L.  Pieartl,  41  nt  Fool,  and  Capi,  Cliartea  A^gnew, 
llth  Foot,  to  bi*  M^ora  in  tb«  Ajrmy. 

Naval  PaoMoTtOKi* 

Lieutenantii.— F.  R,  Cog-hlan  0814).  of  the 
Ao»on  convict  fbip,  at  V'ati  Dietnen^s  Land, 
to  be  Coiiimttnclor,  rctiiititiiif  his  charge  of 
that  shipi  Arthur  Vyner  (If^iM  artinff*  of 
the  Wolf»  to  bti  CommR[)iJ«!r  ;  Tlioriitta  Hurd- 
wood  {IftOT),  to  b€  a  retired  t^mniiatnlur ; 
KuMit    H.urv  Hrij-L^**,  to  beCommainU'r, 

J  ler  John  Hav,  b.  to 

isinder  Heor>"  LdyttiD, 
,     _    .  -  iirti,!r  i\i  Shecniesai 

i4»}otuaiidi:t   C.  to  'ommafid 

Ibi-  Frolic,  \t.    1  H    I^velrss,   to 

be  Lieut  eoatit  iii<^.._    .  ..  lioirpitAl  Oti44) 


Mfmbirt  rttuntid  to  itrvt  im  Pariiament, 
At 


)».— Fnederic  TKetifcer,  caq. 
\aAm$,—SU^t  Hon.  Sir  Tlioa. 
lie,  Bart.  re-4?ic€ttHl. 


r.  Fre- 


CAlleA<!vfi*r.'— Lortl  Artlnir  Leiincu,  re>eleet«(L 
//ar«J|jt«n.--'Rot>ert  Henry  Hunt,  esq, 
Zrai«»c«tloii>.— JUar-Adm,  William  Doivlcfl. 

EcCLK8tA9TI€AL   PttCFBEMMNTS. 
Rev.  <3«  Rlftnd,  to  the  ArcUdeacoofy  of  Lia- 

diafhrne. 
Rev.  J,  llond.  to  be  Preb*  of  Cudworth  in  the 

Chorthr.f  Well*. 
Hev.  J.  Oartwit,  to  a  Prebend  of  C1*ichester. 
Rev,  H.  G.  AdAmn,  Comwood  V.  1>eron. 
Rev,  G.  S.  BarroWj  Tliorpe-ue^t-Haddae^e,  R. 

Norfolk. 
Rev.  W,  K.  Bettff ,  Chiiatdmrcb  P.C.  Konrleh, 
Rer.  I.  A.  Boddy«  it.  Tbofna»*i,  Cbeethans, 

P.C  near  Manebeflter. 
Rt'V   J-    Biirdon,    Rn^Uh  Bicknor  R,   Gloii- 

eefttershire, 
R4?T.  i    Carter,  Glaisdale  P.C.  near  Whitby, 

Yorkshire, 
Rev.  T.  T.  Carter,  Glewvr  R.  Berlta. 
Rev.T.  Clowe?*,  ^t.  Lnwnnr/  R.  Norwi^, 
Rev,  H.J.  r  .y. 

Eev.  WL.  i  ic. 

Rev.  W  Etr. 

R*»v.  K    Kv4-raril,  !  "*nm* 

Rev  R    i;Ktn|>,  U 

Rov    l).  K.  Fcan.u  N.Ik. 

>  Rcv/r.  L.  Idlow^.  Lifignoij.l  V  i     .\i>H-fk 

'  Rev   J.  Fox»  Hailc  PC  Cumber  1 

\  Rev,  H.UobUni;.  Stratf^jrd  S*t.  Miv  ii   -  ,ii 


Rev,  J.  Gunton*  MarsKAm  R*  Norfolk. 

Rev.  Hon.  S.  Hay,  Netherbury  V.  with  Beto- 

niinfiter,  Dorset. 
Rev.  A  B.  Hill,  Wonston  R,  Hantn. 
Rev.  W.  W.  Hobson,  Hales  and  Hecking^huii 

P.C.  Norfolk, 
Kcv.  C,  G  HnUoiKSt,Pnnr»  P,C.  Maochealer. 
Rev.  T.  JacksMiTi,  Wad  worth  V.  Tv.fi.^n^ter* 
Rev.  W.  B  JameH,  Fen  I  nidirid^e* 

Rev.T.  r^mb,  St.  M&r\   i 
Rev,  O.  Ltach,  Hi«r.Tw  r  rgkeili. 

Rev.  C.   1^1  Liuiy    Green, 

lYfnces  ki  k*. 

Rev.  W,  13.  I  MIS.  R.C^rnvmir. 

Rev.  T,  Mftode,  Hahhi^iuu  it  SulTolk. 
Rev.     ^f.  J.  Mayers,    Langrhaiu-Biahopa    V. 

Norfolk . 
Rev-  C.  W.  A.  Napier*  Evercrcecb  V.  Somers. 
R«v.  J.  B.  Phillips,  8t.  Audrewa  P,  C.  MA4- 

cheater- 
Rev.  J^  Pioeope,  F&mdon  P.C.  Cbcabiret 
Rev.  R.  Powell,  Btiry  V.  Su^aei. 
Rev.  B,  nitiiardson,  Egton  P*  C.  near  WliUby, 

Yorkshire. 
iU'V.  T.  KQbin»on.  Muncaiiiter  R.  Cumbeftand- 
Rev.  O,  Sadler,  Rrancaater  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  W.  l4irKlAtr.  to  the  tlcw  Cburcb,  Nottinf 

Hill.  P.C.  Middlesex. 
Rev.  J.  K.  Stubby  Measlutfo  P.C.  I>erb. 
Rev.  J,  l\irner,  Lancaster  Y,  Lauc^ 
Rev.  H.  Ward,  8t.  Nicholas.  EastOr«ftoil»  P,C» 

Grmt  tiedwiii. 
Rev.  B,  White,  VVribhy-wlth-Wray  P.C,  Unc. 
Rev.  G.  S.  Woo«ljnitcT  IVmbary  V.  Kent. 


Civil  PitXFunuttKTfi. 
Rr\  C.  A.  Hcartley,  B,D.  to  be  BampVOB  Lec- 
rirv  Hardinge  t«  be  0«ircr» 

I>»nl  (ir«iiivi;ii;  :k>uicrset  to  have  a  seat  In  tilt 

Cabinet- 
John  Yoiinj,  esq.  M.P.  to  be  j^ecretary  «o  tlie 

Treasary- 
Johu  l>eacon,  esq.  (lafcs  Drpnty  Ifarsbal)  to 

be  Marahat  nn^i  2^* noAatHit-Mftoroftiie  Uigl) 

Court  of  A 
JohnClarnH  u,  e«q.  eleclMt  a  Di- 

n-rt,.i- nf  !i.,  ._.  .  i . ,.ii4  Company, 
^  t,  iw^jtrtAry  lo  the  Statistical  So- 

t '  Assistant  Secretary  to  llie  iioyal 

Dr.  Rlc liajd  ICinif  to  b«  ^i^rviary  to  the  9U* 

tistical  Society- 
T1»e  Rev.  U.  B.  3.  Harria  to  be  Alasler  of  lb* 

Karl  of  Leicester*!!  Hospital,  Warwick* 
Henry  Mildred  Birch.  B.A  to  be  AMitUnt 

Master  of  Eton  College. 
Rev.  £.  Brine  to  be  Hi^ond  Master  ol  tW  fn€* 

Grammar  Scliool,  fCtddcriDiiivter* 
A.  H.  F^oat,  B.A,  to  be  Idafhematlcat  Itoter 

in  the  Mancbeater  FreeGramtniLr  ^tiOoL 
Rev.  T.  F.  Layiur.  to  be  Heiwl  Maater  of  tb« 

Cathedrsl^-'-"'!    M.r.r.,^^.i 
Rev.  H.  A.  '  HeA4l  Master  of 

the  Modt  i  I  itr-itiyM. 

Rev.  Richar  1  .« .-,..,  .■    U.' ViccPriocilMt 

of  the  Trsinit^  Coiirfr*^*  ChestCfp 

BIRTHS, 

M«teM  U.    At  l^utbainpton,  th«  wife  of  tho 

Rer.  Henrj'  Almack,  D.D.  a  aon.^ — SI.    At 

Qieshsm,  Bucks,  the  wiftf  of  Wtn,  U>¥riida% 

esq.  a  dati. 

April  3.     In  Wobum-pl,  Ht^   W.  lUTloirrN* 

a  »on- 10,      At  Win>nihjir 

Hicks,  a&on. IL    The  wn 

r^^J  .  of  AldorhuU'park,  iw.* 

iry,  the  wifr  f.ty* 

li^oon    Gnar  At 

1    „.  -,„.t,  WiogbAlD,  L- ^.  .  .  ItiCff 


Tfll 


Marrifiges. 


Mij  M  I',  fill  lliMni,  II  mill.  »l.  Al  hlurlN. 
tiiitHt  NhI^h,  iiuHi  |lrl||iilti,  llir  Mill'  of  Major 
t  V  l|ifli,  K  I.N  n  lUii.  v:i.  At  llAllV 
|t«il<.  Ilntiii,  lliii  Hlfi'iir.lnliii  llpiiry  I'l'lly,  ri»q. 
«  iiiiii    NHil  liKii  Al    llir    KIniior  lluiiHa, 

llalUlnii,  IaU  llif  Win*  nr  llioiiiafi  Vowif, 
»«i|    N   iliiii  'i/,     Al   llii*    ih-niUKC,  l^iMliTN, 

|iiiiNi-l,  lliti  nllii  III  l{p\,  |>,  MnrCniiliy,  a  ilnii. 
\l  Wiilti'iliiii  liiiiiMr,  Hill  Ui|  Iho  wifi*  of 
nil  liMiil  limilviiii,  iifiii  u  Niiii.  UN.  At  Hiisli. 
lliii  liiill,  Niiilliiiiii|iliiii,  llii«  wirp  of  Kinlci'irk 
Hut  fill  N,  fHi|    H  mill  Al   Niilliiii.   1  .(111)  Aw- 

iln.HMiiii  'Ml      Al    MitliiliiiiKli,  llii«  wilf  of 

AitHHMlim  Mnilliiiiil,  mii,  n  miu.  At  lliil- 
Hill*  liiiiiin.  lli>ih.|  ihii  Mim  lit  1(.  Ii.  Orli'lMir, 

iHi|      ri    iliiii  iHI      III     VritliililKC.    ChrrUdli 

|li.i|iii|i,  Mm-   iilfp  lit  l.liMil.  ('ill     l.i>lliliiiilKr,  a 

Atlll 

^•t^fv  Al  iiiililiii,  llii«  \Mlf  III  Mir  (hlhrrt 
miiH.    IIniI     h  ilmi  At    l'|iliiii  i-oiiil,  iipur 

Ulmiali,  fliii  \ilfi>  III  \V.  H  lliimiilii^'.,  r<iii.  A 
lUli  M  Ml    l.fiiltilliri,    IjiiIv   llllililil,  AllAU. 

.\l  IHmIi  I'liim,  |.Ailv  t.uliliiiik.  AMiii.—- - 
Al  llihi-iliii',  hMliip.  llii'Mlfn  of  (Iro.  llNriicr, 
I-  III    M  mill  iiiiil  III  It 

JlifK  I  Al  ^^mlllltllll,  (hn  MlhMirCnI.  Mrl- 
lll|l>  llliiiHli  ,  N  ililll  \l    NilMflr)   IinII,    1.4'lr. 

till.  Hill-  III  nil  A  (I  III  iliilHrt,  Hnil.  N  (tiiii. 
/  A I  llilhiiiiiMli  liiill,  III.  Sink.  Ilir  i\lfr 
III  I  iipl  I  lillili  (M  I  liiiiii|iiiiin,  (I  111111.  H.  At 
rnHl<»  iMiiil.  ilii- nirr  lit  WllllNiii   IViMvWll- 

llHiii'i  I'll  I  Ml i<«ij    n  ilmi.         II.     Al    Kniip- 

linHi.  IIHmIiI'iii.  IIh'  lflit\  III  Ml  \Mlltiiiit  hilli-lt, 
MV  It  mill  |.|     Al  llii-  Mmiiiiliiil  t.iiiiili>ii- 

ill  M  t''i.  WlliiiliniliMi  I II  It  rill,  Ilir  Mnii  Iihuhin 
III  lliilliilfiilil,  tlilrnl  iInii  lit  llir  Milli|lll  i,  A  MMl 
mill    lull  II       Hip    \\\tr    nf    Huhnl    .Inliii 

HniiiiihI,  iim|  ,  tltiMlmi,  n  niiii  tiinl  lirii  ■  At 
^Vrtiiniiml  II I  Inn.  Ilii>  ^^ III- III  llir  Hi>\.  \V.  I'. 
^\  III  I  mil,  N  null  II       Vim  iiiilili-^n  llrirfulil, 

N  itriii  in       ill  l.liii  ii||i''i  iiiii  lli*|ih,  llirnlff 

III  I'llii  llillliiMn  III  mill-.  t"ii|  A  mm.  I'J. 
\l  IliililliiH't,  I  iiil\  'Inniiilii-iiil  rnii|ii)i:i|-,  A 
«iiii 

iM.\IUUAiii:s. 

.\iir  Jl  Al  riilliiinnllii,  Nf«>  Smilli  W  iilri, 
lli>iii>  \\iiIhiiii  I'mki-i .  ri>|  I'llVnlr  Sn.  In  Ijir 
Hill-,  viiiiii|ii>n|  Hiiii  III  r  W  .  I'ltlKi-l.  r-.ii.  of 
l.i  Mlnlimii,  III  i-.|illllPlllir  r.llilh,  Mlllll^l•H|  iluil. 
lit  lllit  lull'  Jiitili  IStiii  illlllill,  rii|  III  rilllliliMI, 
III  iliAl  I  iiliiiiy 

.hut  'J.  Al  rrtlli,  Wrili-iii  \ii-ili.i)i.i,  lilwaitl 
CnIi'Ii  Hiiii|ti,  iim|.  t  Ink  ni  llir  l.i'k'iNlitliii'  .iiiil 
|C\i-i  iill\i<  I'liiiiii  Hi,  fcr.  Ill  Klunlii'lli  lliiiiitMiii, 
HiIpkI  iIaii,  lit  firoiKP  yiH-nrn,  rM|.  nf  .''l. 
Hnlllilii'K  lAlii*. 

rrh.  'JA.  At  ('AJriittA.  Willi.iin  MapliN.  im). 
|lniKtii,('.  !^  in  mill  •iiiii  iif  1'.  l.  Mi'ipli-n,  f<(|. 
•if  Ciiiiirli  I'ltil,  til  llciiiii'tln,  lliiril  dan.  of 
llriiiy  WritiiiAi'iilt.  rm|   uf  liiirlilrv. 

Uarrk  2H.  At  Niiplr««,  l.irul.  Col.  riiaili-H 
liny,  roiiiliiMliiliiiK  llii'  lUlli  rr^l.  fniirlh  noii  of 
till*  lAtr*(ii>ii.  Sir  Jiiiiirs  lift),  K.i  .11 .  In  Kllrii, 
Ait'oiid  ilnii  of  llir  liilr  .MMJor-Ui'ii.  r'lr  ('hiirlcs 
.\fihworth.  K.C.H..  K.T.H. 

siprit  H.  At  Kiiliiii^rtoii,  t)ii>  Ucv.  I).  M. 
KvBDSfUf  Siininirrtowii,  to  Jaui',  dnn.  of  the 
late  John  Fawdry,  em|.  of  .^ilfoiil,  Lnur. 

U.  At  ><idburv,  l><>voi),  'riioinas  S.  IIod:;i>, 
rsq.  (»f  didinuutii»  to  Jam*,  third  davi.  of  Win. 
larkins.  ewi.  Sidbur>-,  and  lalnof  Ltl.icklit;atli. 

At  Capel  St.  Man's.  Suffolk,  the  Kev.  K. 

J.  Lock  wood,  of  St.  ManV,  Hfdf.ird,  to  Mari- 
anne, second  dau.  of  the  late  Rubort  Iktrthorp, 
esq.  of  llollesley. 

10.  At  MarylHwuc  chnrrli.  Willi.ini  Henry 
Gardner,  e!«*i.  snr.f ♦•on,  of  llastiiii:^,  lo  Clara, 
^tjun^est  dan.  of  tlic  late  CJi'o.  Ilumiuerstnn, 
esq.  and  niece  of   the  Int«>  Adni.  Seott,    of 

Hoothaunton. The  Rev.  William  U.  Adey, 

Vicar  of  Little  Uiitldow,  near  Ckciin^iford,  to 


Kniily,  dau.  of  ibe  Rer.  K.  H-1 

of  Daiibury. ^Tlie  Rrr.  Ed&c 

Curate  of  Stone,  Is'ieof  Om^.  ^e 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Brr.   Eac&Arf 

Woodford-cum-membria- AX  3 

Jeney,  the  Rev.  Chrisupkrr  Bca^.  u- 1  ^^ 
(iratiana,    second  dan.  c€  Hearr   Cmxj*kS, 

White,  esq. Al  Fan*,  ibe  Bn«  *  r 

to  Lidy  Auifo*t*  M»»«: .  ^J^ 
youiiKest  dao.  of  the  Ute  Ean  of  Mv 
- — ^-nie  Rev.  C-  A.  Heartier.  a.D.  M^nx  iT 
Finny  Couipton,  Warw,  to  Ja»p.  inrU  du. 
of  the  Rev.  W-  B.  Harrnoa.  ILA.  ViSM"  «r 

(loudhurst,    Kent. At  Tuiiaffci.^rvnl. 

to  the  Rev.  Edwin  IWoantifon  aaadyK  -*» 
Kmina-Cliariotte-iJophU,  dan.  of  ike  ler.  B. 

11.    At  Camberweil,  James  OSdhaa,  ««.  flf 
Ilrijrhton,  to  Anna,  second  dan    ef  T.  B.  OM- 

field,  esq.  of  Chamiiion-hilL ^Tbe  Icr.  W. 

n.  Wilson,  M.A.  Curaieof  Dirchun  Magm, 
Norfolk,  to  Mary-Frances,  foorth  dau.  id  tte 
Rev.    W.    Wilson,  Vicar  of    WafthaaMNv, 

Kmwx. At  Tormohan.    Devon,  tbe  Bcr. 

Joseph  Kiiiff,  of  Sternfield,  Suffolk,  toSaralb- 

Martha.  only  child  of  H.  Parker,  esq.  M.U. 

At  St.  Marx;aret's,  Westminster,  Mr.  GtfMfc 
FranciM  Trollopr,  uf  Parliament-st.  to  Cob- 
•itAiui',  younjfcst   dau.   of  the  late  Wiiiiaa 

llAward,  rjM|.  of  Uattersea. .At  Eton,  tte 

Rt'v.  William  Warren,  Rector  of  Wr»l.  Line. 
to  Anne-Sarah,  oldest  tUu.  of  the  Rev.  Geonpe 

lii'tliell,  Ucclor  of  Worpleadon,  Sarrey. 

Al  Yeovil,  the  Rev.  William  Nicholsoa,  wm 
of  the  KlV.  William  Nicholson,  of  Ctos- 
worlh,    l>onMt,     to    Eliza,    only     sarviviBf 

dan.  of  llrnry    Penny,  esq.  of  Yeovil. At 

New  Yoik,  Forward  IIod(^,  esq.  Mus.  Doc, 
late  of  Hristol,  to  Sarah -Anne,  dau.  of  the  talc 
William  IMoon*,  esq.  M.I),  and  niece  of  Dr. 

Miiiirr,  foriiHTly  liiiihnp  of  New  Y'ork. ^Al 

ilalmortli,  near  Rctfonl.  John  Barker,  esq  of 
I  JiiiolnSinn,  and  of  AylesbarTj  to  :?usanDa, 
youiiici-st  ilnu.  of  Richard  Hodf^fcinaon,  esq.  «rf 

Slortoii  (Jr.Mifjo. At  Kensington.  John  Ua- 

ttT,  eNti.  M.l).  of  Beaumont-st.  to  Loniaft- 
Aiiti.   only  dau.  of  the   late  Major  Charica 

<  J  rant,  of  St.  Vincent. At  Upton,  Backs, 

i:apt.  Win.  Coltcrell  Wood,  R.N.  to  Eliiabetb, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rcr.  Thomas  Sted- 
man.  M.A.  Vicar  of  St.  Chad's.  Shrewsbary, 
and  Widow  of  the  late  Rev.  Edward  Pole- 
hainptoii.  M.A.  Rector  of  Greenford,  Middle- 
hex.  -At  St.  Fancras.  Alfred  Langdale,  esq. 
tliliNt  rtoii  of  Marmadukc  R.  Langdale,  of 
Coviir-Ht.  and  .Mounlfield.  Tunbridge  Wella, 
Ki'iil,  lo  (-harlotte,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  W. 
1'.  1..  Krrne.  enq.  of  (]ower-8t.  and  Lincoln'a- 
Iiiii.  —At  lUandford  St.  .Mary.  Dorset,  the 
Rev.  W.  M.S.  .Marriott,  R-ctor  of  Horsmon* 
drn,  Kent,  and  si'oond  son  of  Sir  J.  W.  Smith, 
Hart,  to  Frames,  third  dau.  of  Robert  Rad- 
rl)ire,  enq.  of  Bath,  and  Foxdenlon  Hall,  Laa- 
raxhire. 

13.  Al  St.  (!eorj(c's.  Ilanover-sq.  Lord 
FraiM-li  RusHi'll,  heventli  »on  of  the  late  Duke 
of  Hetltonl,  to  .Miss  Feyton,  dan.  of  the  Rer. 
Algernon  IViion.  and  niei'e  of  Sir  Henry  Pey- 
ton. Itait. \l  W.niuljiwortli,  the  Rev.  James 

Ind  NXelldon.  M.  \.  of  Tnnbrid^e,  to  Elinor, 
dan.  of  till'  Kile  .Mirhai-rrurner.ejMi.  of  Futnev. 
15.  John  Dalton.  eM|.  of  Slenninj^ord  l*ark, 
York»*1iiri',  and  FillinihAin  Castle.  Line,  to 
Citlieriiie,  dan.  of  Charles  Smith,  esq.  of 
Fiainville,  ami  (cramlilau.  of  the  late  Sir  John 
.**ylveHter  Sinitli,  Hart,  of  Newland  Fark. 

Ifi.  At  Westhourne,  Charh-s  Lavinf^ton, 
only  hon  of  the  Krv.  John  Fannel,  ot  .\lds- 
worth,  SuHRirx,  tn  Matilda,  dau.  of   the  late 

Ailolphns  Meetkerke,  of  Julians,  Herts. At 

Chaddesdeii,  near  ]>erby,  Henry  Brodhnrel, 
eM|.  of  Woodhouse-plai-e.  near  Manstleld, 
Nottt,  to  Anne,  youn|fe<)t  dau.  of  tbo  Ute  Kcr, 


1 84-1.] 


Matriitget, 


«tf 


John  Clirk**  of  WorkaOp. At    Sbrcwtoiit 

WiU^,  Evfiii  H.  Greene,  secondl  son  of  llw  lalff 
Vim.  Grcfim?,  t^st],  of  Betiiieaftr,  to  Christiauia, 
fourth  ilftu  of  the  Rev,  John  Mattheivf^,  View 

of  Shrewtoii. ^^At  Dflrtford,  Jftmea  Hunter, 

jon.  ejif  of  I«ktm,!?ton,  tn  Louisa,  vounccst 
cliiu.  of  the  IbU'  JfiLii  E1«IU  <^s*|'  ^'^  hsxtXi^td. 

At    LAmlx-th,    Hichjini     Minithull,     c»t|* 

AbiaKdoA'St,  SoHcitor^  to  ChArlotte,  only  chiiti 
of  the   late  lienry   F*rr,  l**!,  of  istuckvteil- 

17.  At  Ijiuncestorit  Cjipt,  W,  H.  Anderson 
|dor2!(h«-iiil,  ll.N,.  CM,  second  sow  of  th<?  laic 
Col.  Anderson  Moralieadt  of  Widey  Court* 
Devon,  to  Jane,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Edw» 

Archer,  ehu.    of    Trelaske,   Cornwjilh At 

Lrjnjf  Cr<^ndori.  lUicks,  Mr*  Lewis  Ixjvnjrcive. 
of  blarktvai),  to  Arabella,  younjc^est  dau.  of 
the  late  John  Reync»ld«,  esq.  of  NoitJcy  Abbey, 

Bucks. At  ^uiithamptan,  Robert  Wittinm, 

Hdeiit  son  of  Win.  Witfiaui,  esi],  of  J-lfiton-jin. 
©Mj.  (0  Pnrotliy  Mary  MaxwelU  of  Kircontiell 

Mouse,   ncrtr   Dumfries. At   llnndswcjrtli, 

S^tallbrdsihirc,  the  Hev.  \Villinm  Henry  tloviera, 
B  A-  to  Anne,  only  dau.  of  I  he  late  Thomas 
Fletcher,  esq.— At  Sherborne,  Bonnet.  George 
i^figer,  e*a.  to  Emma,  youn-'-'  i^  '  ^f  the 
Ule  Rev.  It.   Hiirney,  of  lliu  i -et. 

At  Stoke  Pamerel.  the  Rf  (nn* 

lag^e  llamiltoti,  £icH!aDd  iKiu  oi  ,...  ^  ..cikey 

Hamilton.  Receivcr-Gen.of  Jjimajca,  to:;^ULaain, 
dau  of  tbe  btc  John  Carne,  e^q.  of  Knlmoutb. 

I«.  At  Tdehtjf^t,  Berks,  Miiurice  Wemyaa 
9ilidlnne,  tsi\,  of  tbe  Adiiikrftlty,  to  Mary-Ann, 
ji'iiunifi'jt  dau.  of  tbe  late  Hev.  lijimuel  Uouth, 

III),    llcttor    of    Bo>ton,    Wilt^. At    ^id- 

muulb,  Devoiu  ('apt,  IK-iiiiis  I'.  LC.S.,  to 
Lc^uina,  dau.  of  Ljeut--L'*>L  Rumley,  cf  Aruol- 

houae^    iJevon. At    Ilri.^liiiifton,    Frederick 

Rusaell,  eat),  to  .\ona,  Mjcond  dau.  of  the  Lite 

Pbilip  John  Worsiley,  esq. At   St»    Majv- 

lebone  Church,  George  llti^i^iiis,  esq.  of  IJricK' 
htll  Houae,  Bedfcrd.  loCaroline-Georife,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  John  Colbnrn,  e*q,  of  Cork. 

At  St.  Georjpe*!!,   n---^-.  the  Rer, 

Wentwortli  IJowycr.  to  youn^eit 

dau.  of  the  late  Car>t  »   R.N.  of 

HoTiue  Wood,   nuntniii.l  .,,  —At  Ai- 

dingbouni.  Susses,  Herbert  fechomberj^,  es*), 
Cninfnandcf  R.N-  eldest  t^n  of  Vice-Adm. 
Schomberg,  to  Sarah*  i'  -  '  '  '  f  the  Rev. 
W.  ,*<.    Baiton,    of    \\  !?e.    near 

Chkhesti-r. At  Sen  k,  sun  of 

John   Elton,  e*q.  of  \<^  uiare,  .So- 

merset,   to    Anne-Janr  i  dun.    of 

the  llev*  C.  I.  GUi^Otl.  nion   and 

Beer. At  St.   Diin*f  ^     ^    ''- 

Rev  \V.  L.  Suttaby,  \ 
SuflTolk*  to  Catharine,  >u 
Mr.  SecJoy,  of  Fieet-s,t.  .,i„.    , 

At    Deckenham,    Henry- 1 

■on  (if  Lancelot  Holland,  • 
Fann,  to  Martha-Kliinbeth,  in.  -  .  ,  ., 
I'eter  Cator.  esq-  of  Ihx-kenharn,— At  Fmujp* 
steail,  the  Rev.  Win.  Hornby,  of  St.  MirliaelV 
on  Wyre»  Lane,  to  Su^Min,  third  <lau.  of  Caj>t. 
Phipp*  Hofjjby,  E  N.  i".H.  Controller  Gen.  of 
the  Civajit  Guard.- — -Vt.^t.  Ceor^eN,  Maiiover- 

aq.  Maior  A    "     "^ —k,  of  the  War  iXfire, 

Gen.   fcapeT  Military   renjiioncr^, 

to  Kmma-L'  <>(  dau.  of  Sir  W.  H. 

Pearson,    ot    -i".' -j- At    All   Saints', 

wood,   Francis- Hen r>',  fourth  son  of  the 

V.  James  Hoetf,  Virarof  Gcddltirton,  North  - 
-       '-,  dau.  of  Joht»  Robin- 


nptoufthii^ 

on^  esu.  of 

19.    At  St 

Itr.  esq-  el 

CriioaUjn,  t 


iranuver^aq.  E.  V,  C«l 


t<? 


Hnrriet-Maria-D<  i:  dau.  of  AlfreJ 

Baker,  e»q.  late  >  I  a*e,  near  SiUer- 

toii*- — At  Chri.^t    i  .,  by    tbe  Rev.  M, 

Gibb«.  Thr>ntas  Cowper,  eaq.  second  aon  of  Uw 
late  Wni.  Covrper,  esq.  formerly  of  Gibrsdtar* 
to  niarlolte-Aune,  relict  of  the  late  Henry 
Ulaukley  Roifers,  esq.  formerlv  of  Gihraltir. 

10,  At  8t,  Leonard's,  John  TvrreU,  esq.  to 
JcificLoui-ia,  relict  of  "•  ''-^  'C  Warren, 
esq.  anil  youu^re^t    di  tid    MeMlo 

Kknj,  esq,  of  Pyrkiui  i  tt- 

33.    At  I'arU.  UharN  ,.  to  Lucie, 

dau.  of  Baron  James  y.  CrondftU^ 

Hants,  the  Rev.  K.  Y.  w  »ur>'irinff 

son  ot  the  late  Rev>  E.  \v  Ml^..  ,  ^  .a  of  Newton 
Valence,  to  Ann, only  dau,  of  the  late  Rev.  J.  L, 
Tnine,  Vicar  of  CrondalL— — At  St,  Gecripe'i, 
Hanover  sq.  Mr.  Talbot  Clifton,  eldest  son  of 
Ihouiasi  Clifton,  e*q.  of  Lythain  hall,  Ijin- 
cashire,  to  hXi'sn  Lowther,  eldest  dau,  of  tbe 
Hon.  Colonel  and  l^dy  Eleanor  Lowther, 

33.  The  Rev.  Henry  Tbornpson,  B.A.,  late 
of  Maffd.  hall.  Oxford,  b)  Jtttia  Eliia,  yount^est 
dau.  or  Sir  Wm.  Waller  Yea,  Bart,  of  Pyrknd 

hall,  Someraet, At  Derbi,  tbe  Rev,  Henry 

Peach,  Vicar  of  Tuthury,  eldest  aon  of  Thomaa 
Ptsach,  esq.  of  Lani^ley,  to  Florenc«-M«ry, 
eldeat  dau.  of  the  late  C<jI.  Mel  lor,  of  Derby. 

—At  Brewood,  SlalL   the   Hev.  WG.  L. 

Wasey,  Perp.  Curate  of  Qnatford  and  Mo*- 
rtlle,   Sbiophire,   to   Kliu-Leonora,  second 

dto.  of  tbe  late  PhUip  Monckton,  «wi. At 

Eaai  Stoke.  Notts.  John  Henry  £lwu,  ceq, 
eldest  son  of  Henry  Elwe*,  c*q.  of  CbUwlKumc, 
Glotic.  to  Marv,  chiu,  of  Rear>Ailin.  Sir  R. 

R,   |{,  ,...[..    n,H ^1  Batgove.  near  St. 

And  I  You  BIT,  esq,  oi  the  Madiaa 
coll*  M^i,  to  Marut-^ophiA.  eUU^t 
dau.  i  ;  ,„.,., ,  Mivart.  of  Melton  9t.  Lou- 
don.-  At  Ripon,  Wadharn  Locke,  cm,  of 

A«htc>n  Giffonl,  to  Albinia,  fourth  dan.  of  John 
Dalton,  esq.  of  K.  '^  'f^rl  s.^n  -  *"•"  o.  of 
York,  and  of  Fill  iiire, 

At  St.  Mark'-  luck, 

esq.  of  l.^mbard ■^w  ..u.,  -i...,  i^TNjL,^ii,j  Soli- 
dtor,  only  aon  of  Charlci  Thick,  esq,  of  Chel* 
tenbam,  to  Mary-.\tin,  younfest  dau.  of  Tlio- 

mas  Green,   esq.    uf  Clapoam-road.- At 

Streatham,  Williani-Georfe,  youiigtit  son  of 
the  late  DourU^  Johnson,  ^,  to  CiroliiM, 

fifth  lUu.  of  William  Barrodade,  esq, At 

Eccleston,  near  Chester,  the  Rev,  W,  Morton 
Msnn,  n.A.  BritUh  Chaplain  at  Coblena,  to 

*  '    ■    ^    '    *^  ^     ^f  Itighy  Thomaa  Cir- 

,  Son  bury,  esq.  Capl. 

I  :^tanlev  of  Alderley. 

T,,,^x...,,,  .,,  VMlllam  Ktlcn,  Bart,  to 

I  i    S.  H.   Iremonif^er.    younjfeat  data,  of 

J  renio:jjfer,  Whcrw*?<l  Priory,  Hants.— — 

Marj^rt,  Bn-   -•   •      ■    Charles  C.  Grey, 

:ianderR.N  Nfsbitt  Macau, 

t  dau.  of  th'  I  iirner  Maean,  of 

i,..,ui",  CO.  ArniAj,;..,  ...„.,,.,. At  Walcol 

church,  Capt.  ItaiUrd,  yth  reirt.  eldest  m>q  of 
the  btc  Hear  Adm.  Ballard,  C.B.  to  Emily. 
Sarah,  second  dau.  of  J.  R,  Sfiencer  PhiUips, 
esq.  of  Ritrhanid  U>dj^,  iJanbury,  Kssex.^^ 
At  Ampncy  Crucisp  OUjuc.  the  Rev.  Jgdwanl 
Jenyns,  Rector  of  n^wajThani,  and  third  son  of 
the  Rev.  G.  L.  Jenvns.  tanon  of  Ely,  to  Jaasw 
coldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  E.  A.  Dsubeney,  Hector 
of  Artipney  Cnuis, 

25.  .\i  Wotjdcbester,  Gloucestershire,  G^, 
Henry  Hilland,  esq.  of  Oujiibledco,  to  the 
Hon.  ChiUlotte  Dorothy  Gifford,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  late  Lord  Giffonl.— At  Lryton,  Kama, 
Charles,  eldest  son  of  Ni<.h<^»U'i  cbairmirtoo, 
^*  V  ^'f  Leytonstooe,  to  Blan^  '  -   Ua. 

lam  Keating,  esq.  of  iL  {.le, 

ter-fttlJtw.^ At  at.  ^»^ 

I, ..  sq,  F.  klUot  Voyle,  esq,     -» 
N.L  to  Caroline'Sarab,  youngest  da 
Adm,  Ngbk, — At  the  chapel  of  ii 


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£47 


OBITUARY. 


Tel£  Kikg  of  Sweden, 

March  8.  At  Stockholm,  His  Maiesty 
Charles  John  XIV,  King  of  Sweden  and 
Noivf ay,  tmd  Sovereiipn  of  the  Order  of 
the  5er»pbim. 

Of  all  that  brilliaht  race  of  warriorB  and 
of  EtatestDcri  Cjilled  mto  sudden  Life  by  the 
terrible  forces  of  the  French  revolutiou^ 
and  Keiu  forth  by  the  cnei|^y  of  re  vol  u^ 
tionar^  war  to  &cour  and  §<ick  the  plains 
and  cities  of  Europe,  few  were  gifted 
with  the  more  digni6ed  and  enduring 
energy  which  survived  the  crisis  of  their 
youtti— ^me  alone  retained  by  his  own 
deserts  tic  kingly  prize  which  had  been 
fliiiig  to  him.  Of  aU  the  pbantaamagpria 
of  the  French  revolution,  aiki  the  King- 
vaafioli  of  Imperial  France^  Bemadotte 
alone  preservecf  to  our  d»y  the  poflitjon  to 
which  be  had  been  raised;  but  be  pre- 
flerved  it  because,  in  a  country  jealoui  of 
its  ancient  liberties  and  of  ks  national  iTi- 
depcndcnce^  he  learned  faithfully  to  ob- 
serve the  conditions  of  a  constitutional 
goveroment,  and  to  oaaintain,  even  at  the 
sacrifices  of  his  personal  sympathies,  the 
honour  and  freedom  of  the  land  which  had 
adopted  him. 

John  Ikptiste  JuHus  Bemadotte  was 
born  at  Fuu,  the  capital  of  Bearne,  Jan« 
20,  1764.  Hh  parents  were  humble,  hut 
not  of  the  vtij  humblei^t  condition ^  as  ap. 
pears  from  the  superior  education  they 
wer«  enabled  to  gi ve  him.  Some  acco  u  nts 
My  tbit  h«  waa  deaigned  for  the  bar ;  but, 
in  his  tOtb  year,  he  suddenly  relinquifihed 
his  studies,  and  enlisted  as  a  private  soU 
dier  into  the  Royal  Marines*  Notwith- 
standing his  superior  acquirements  und  his 
good  conduct,  the  year  I7B9  found  Her* 
nadotte  only  a  sergeant;  but  after  the 
revolutioimry  torrent  swept  away  the  ar. 
rifu^lal  distinctions  of  SiMriety^  and  cleared 
the  military  stage  for  the  enhibition  and 
success  of  plel)eian  merit,  hi>»  rise  was 
tnoBt  rapid.  In  17^  he  \^as  Colon«] 
in  the  army  of  Genera!  Custines.  The 
year  following  be  served  under  Kleber 
with  so  much  ability  nnd  iteal,  that  be  waa 
promoted  to  the  runk;  of  General  of  Bri* 
gade,  und  almost  immediately  afterwards 
to  that  of  General  of  Divi^on, 

In  the  ensuing  campttign»«,  the  ntw 
General  Kfved  both  ou  the  Rhine  und  in 
Italy,  and  on  every  occasion  with  dtstin. 
ffuished  reputation ;  but  he  kept  aloof 
From  the  conqueror  of  It iiJy— having  cren 
thus  early  takeit  up  an  ominous  foreo<»dili| 
'tMadciignii* 


Th«  weakness  of  ibe  ensting  govern* 
mcnt,  the  talents,  popularity,  and  character 
of  the  hero,  and,  shove  all,  the  contempt 
which  he  exhibited  for  the  orders  of  the 
Di rectory p  when  opposed  to  bis  own 
views,  might  well  create  d  is  trust  In  r 
mind  so  Mgadoos  as  Bernadotte's.  He 
witi  so  little  disposed  to  become  the  in* 
strument  of  Buooapftrte's  aaibition,  that« 
afcer  the  peace  of  Gampo-Formio,  he 
datly  refused  to  serve  in  the  army  of 
England.  With  some  difficulty  he  was 
persaaded  to  accept  an  embassy  to  Austria^ 
from  which  be  shortly  raturned.  On  the 
establishment  of  the  Consulate,  he  received 
the  stall  ot  a  Marshal  of  Fiance,  aikd  in 
1606  the  title  of  Prince  of  Fonte  Corvo 
was  added  to  bis  other  honours.  In  the 
German  campaigns,  as  well  as  in  the 
command  which  he  held  for  a  abort  tim# 
against  tbe  Chouans  in  the  west  of  Franeef 
he  was  distinguished  from  all  his  mllitaiy 
comrades  by  his  consideration  and  ge* 
nerosity  towards  the  conquered  enemy. 
From  1800  Co  1809  he  commanded  the 
first  eor§t»  d*urmie  in  the  north  of  Ger* 
many;  and  it  is  recorded  that  hia pertonal 
kindness  to  a  body  of  IdOQ  Swedes,  who 
had  fallen  as  prisoners  into  his  hands,  first 
awakened  amongst  the  younger  officers  of 
that  nation  those  feelings  of  gratitude 
which  led  to  his  nomination  as  a  candidate 
for  the  reversion  of  the  crown  of  Sweden. 

Of  all  the  Imperial  generals  (for  tbe 
sterner  Republican  spints  of  the  army 
bad  long  been  removed  from  the  scene) 
Bentadotte  was  the  least  inclined  to  yield 
to  Napoleon  that  servile  deference  which 
he  so  strieily  exacted.  The  blemishes  of 
tbe  Imperial  regime,  the  abuse  of  militare 
power,  ai^  the  jealousies  which  bsa 
sprung  up  between  tbe  grandees  of  thai 
transitory  court,  had  alarmed  bis  caudoo^ 
and,  perbapi^,  offended  his  sense  of  justice. 
Suddenly,  and  by  a  personal  impulse  rather 
than  by  any  subtle  combination  of  policy 
or  intrigue,  his  name  wils  mentioned  at 
the  Diet  of  Orebro,  where  the  deputies  of 
Sweden  were  aaaembled  to  choose  a  sue* 
cessor  to  Charles  XIII.  The  consent  of 
the  Prince  de  Ponte  Corvo  had  nlrcady 
V^"i  »v.^..  .t,i.'  ..ti|>Uedt  that  of  thf  Kw- 
I  \\*A^,  not  with<.Mit    mti* 

^^  1  from  him«     Bernadotis 

SAid,  with  (.harttcterisiic  aettteiieesi  **  WiU 
your  Mi^esty  make  ne  grtsler  than  yoitr- 
self,  by  compeUing  me  to  have  refused  ft 
crown/''  Napoltofi  renlied,  **  Vou  naajr 
go;  our  detn"    -^  ^'"'t  be  iccomplisbtdi'* 


e4« 


Oaitt  AiT.— Ltf  ^  JlMfgr, 


lfc«  £•♦:  »<-•  of  L.»  r-'**^**^'  ""rf*  t5 

«i*n  ??««^i*L  **  .c<-.  ar>d  to  »:r -irr.e 
a^i  *t  tbe  opprcr«*.it  ti;rr-«.e«  of  ire 
c«iiit.n«ntAl  ffT»tc-oi.  In  i?lz  m  tccrct  kl- 
liar,r«  «a«  iormtd  bet«t<rt  Svrdrr.  and 
RvMit;  and  in  tbc  fcfUou-tri?  rear  tbc 
Crown  Pnitce  a%«uracd  tr.e  curcnkaxid  of 
tbe  combined  forcn  of  Nonhem  Ger- 
Mvijr  •jraunit  the  French  Em^t-.r^.  The 
reward  of  tbete  »erTice«  n  bicb  he  Lad  ren- 
dered  to  the  raute  of  European  freedom, 
tnd  to  the  annie4  of  .S-icden,  was  hit 
iiodUpoted  aurre«»ion  to  that  crown, 
vhicb  be  owed  neither  to  the  tword 
nor  to  tbe  aibitrmiy  pcliry  ot  bt«  for. 
mer  master,  but  to  tie  dt  liberate  choice 
of  the  Swedish  people.  lie  showed 
bimftclf  worthy  of  tbe  confidence  of 
Europe  by  hi«  umleviating  aditerence  to 
tboM  principles  of  order,  juntice,  and 
forbearance,  by  which  the  maintciiunce 
of  the  general  peace  ha«  been  happily 
•ecured  ;  and,  by  hiit  frmk  and  judicious 
compliance  with  tbc  obligations  iuiposed 
upon  ■  soverci^  by  the  trie  con^titu- 
tions  both  of  Sweden  and  of  Norway, 
be  earned  the  unbounded  veneration 
of  those  nations.  If  we  look  back  uoon 
tbe  annals  of  Swi>den  in  the  preceding 
half  century,  wc  ore  confounded  by  the 
perpetual  revolutions  whirh  agitated  the 
state  and  menaced  tbe  exiKteiiee  of  its 
Kings.  Uut  since  the  accession  of  Charles 
John  to  the  throne  of  Sweden,  although 
the  whole  of  Europe  has  at  various  times 
been  shaken  by  important  changes  in  the 
internal  constitutions  of  itshtatcK,  Sweden 
bas  continued  to  enjoy  uiiiiiteiruptctl 
tranquillity  and  prosperity. 

It  was  on  his  nirthdavin  the  year  lAU), 
afier  a  reign  of  nearly  .30  yesrs,  that 
Charles  John  XIV.  tofk  occasion,  in  a 
a|ieeeh  (rtim  the  throne,  to  survey  ^\ith 

Sareiital  sutisfHction  the  condition  of  his 
ominionn.  The  popuUtion  ol  the  king- 
dom was  hO  nuieh  ineieuMMl,  that  the  iii- 
babitaiitH  of  Sweden  iiloiie  nie  now  iqiinl 
in  nunilH>r  to  thoM*  ot  Sacdiii  aial  Fin- 
land  iH'fore  the  Utter  province  v\«^  turn 
fit>m  the  fornur.  The  cxiinmt-riH*  ntul  the 
mnnufaeturiN  of  the  countrv  ha\e  been 
dtuihlril,  sgiieuliure  impiovci),  mstimtion 
difTuM-d,  the  tinsiiceji  raised  tiom  ;i  state 
of  gtviit  enUMna^snient  to  eoinplcte  pi'o<. 
I^iitv.  the  iiHtUMiil  dibt  ainukst  |i,iid  o!l\ 
a  civil  and  a  |H*n«l  Ci>de  prop(i>id  for  pro. 
mul^itton,  the  cieut  eaitnU  %\hieh  upite 
the  iHVau  uith  the  lisltic  I  4ve  been  *vmi. 
pletrtf.  and.  lastly,  the  se«*utar  hi%sti>)ty 
ot  the  SMi^li«h  and  NvHwccian  iiatKMU 
U 


(ofkia 


tJ-e. 


ay  to 
MeKtVd  by  kixidifd 
cx'.fi:c2>ed 
•re^v. 

^'.ic£  are  tbe  divflBS  of  tbe  late  i 
tcr  iht  rcspcctfui  aad  gmtcfol  i 
of  h:f  people.  O:  all  tbe  pfmees  < 
tioir.  (e  scisfbt  BoK  f  teodilr  aad  cCk- 
toaLy  to  cnorentrBte  tbe  vboie  einigj  of 
hi*  gorrmoient  on  tbe  ioteraol  4oCiK 
which  it  bad  to  perform.  Uc  fbaad 
Sweden  exhausted  by  centiirict  of  fmritn 
war.  which  were  followed  by  rndUw  re. 
verses  abroad  and  conTulsMNia  at  boae ; 
be  has  left  ber  at  tbe  bead  of  tbe  at. 
oondarr  powers  of  EafO|ie,  and  wdl  pre- 
pared to  uphold  ber  interests  and  bar 
dignity  in  those  important  qucstioas  wbieb 
thie  course  of  ereati  may,  at  no  d^taat 
period,  open  for  difcafsion  on  tbe  slwres 
of  the  Baltic. 

A  very  interesting  memoir  of  Bcrm- 
dotte  will  be  found  in  tbe  volume  entitled 
"  The  Court  and  Camp  of  Napolcoa/' 
but  it  is  too  long  and  too  well  known  to 
be  transferred  to  our  columns  on  tbis  oc- 
casion. 

liernndotte  married  tbe  sister  of  the 
wife  of  Joseph  Buonaparte.  His  son  and 
lair  has  assumed  the  royal  authority, 
under  the  st^le  of  Oscar  the  Second,  and 
announced  his  intention  of  continuing  tbe 
government  of  Sweden  and  Norway  in 
the  footsteps  of  his  late  father.  The 
Prince  of  Vasa,  the  heir  of  the  old 
dynasty,  has  written  from  Darmstadt  to 
ull  the'great  ^wwcrs,  to  say  that,  ^'  in  the 
present  i>osition  of  affairs,  he  abould 
certainly  abstain  from  all  demonstration ; 
but  that  he  did  not  intend,  on  that  ac- 
count, to  forego  his  own  claim,  as  well 
as  that  of  his  family,  to  the  throne  of 
Sweden.- 


Lord  Abingkr. 

JprWi,  At  Bury  St.  Edmund's  (to 
which  town  he  had  come  in  tbe  circuity, 
a^red  ",:>,  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  James  Scar- 
lett, Haion  Abiiiger.  of  Abinger,  co. 
Surrey,  and  of  the  city  of  Norwich  ;.  a 
Privv'c\niiicill(»r,  Lord  Chief  Baron  of 
the  i:xchc«|utr,  >LA.  D.C.L.  «.c. 

Loiil  A  hinder  was  born  in  Jamaica, 
\x  here  lii»  lauiily  had  been  long  resident, 
and  held  ct>iiMdei-Hblc  property.  His 
yoiin.:er  bi other,  the  late  Sir  William 
<\ii(;)iM  Sciiilett,  mus  many  years  the 
i'hut  Juviuv  ot  ihsr  i>Iand.  James  was 
the  Kieond  >.ui  of  Uoberc  Siiirlett,  esq. 
and  El:x:ibeth  An^lin.  He  was  sent  to 
KnjiUfd  at  an  c.irly  a^e.  tor  the  purpose 
ol  vd;iou:ioii:  and  at  the  rgo  or  17  xras 
ci'teied  a^a  lVl\uv  Commoner  at  Trinity 
ei«ilcg^.  i'ltnibi.J^e.  wh^.-e  he  graduated 
B.A.  i:«H>.  M.A.  17:^4.    llaviog  selected 


)Si4.] 


OfliTUABY.— £orci  Abmf€f. 


€49 


tbe  law  Rg  a  profession,  he  beoime  n 
member  of  the  Inner  Temple,  and  was 
called  to  the  bar  by  that  Bon.  Society, 
July  8,  1791.  He  rose  rnpidly  to  n  high 
pOBttion  as  an  advocate.  His  comniand- 
uig  nppe^nince,  fine  tlow  of  spiritfl,  c&llo- 
ijijial  Btyle,  and  perfect  perception  of  the 
temper  of  the  dilTerent  jurica  he  ad- 
dreased,  ^ive  him  access  to  ibeir  feelings, 
and  placed  Iheir  judgments  tinder  his 
controL  BuBlneas  poured  m  upon  him. 
Hia  retainer-book  recorded  an  amount  of 
fees  beyond  the  most  sanguine  expecta- 
tions, and  his  bag  every  day  showed  by 
its  bulk  thttt^  whatever  rau»es  were  en. 
tered  for  cHh!^  Mr*  Scirlett  wois  engaged 
for  plaintilf  or  defendant.  In  1816, 
Lord  Eldon  gave  the  sticcesBrul  barrister 
a  iilk  gown  ;  who  henceforth  took  his 
ttand  aa  a  leader  of  the  foremost  ctnAs; 
both  in  Westminster  Hall  aiid  on  the 
Northern  Circuit. 

Air.  Sonrlctt  now  aspired  to  parlia- 
mentary bonoura  |  and,  at  the  election  of 
18 IS,  contested  the  borough  of  LeweB^ 
but  was  defeated,  the  poll  being  for 

T.  B.  Kemp,  esq 313 

George  Shimier,  esq,     ,     .     .     I<j4 
James  Scarlett,  esq.       •    .     ,     154 

Apin,  on  a  vacancy  in  181G,  he  offered 
bifnseir  for  the  same  borough,  but  with 
no  better  success,  being  defeated  by  Sir 
John  Shelley.  He  was  indebted  to  the 
late  Lcrd  Fitzwilliam  for  his  (irst  In- 
Iroduetion  to  the  Hoyi»e  of  Commons,  in 
I8l8p  ai  member  for  the  borough  of  Peter- 
borougb.  Mr.  Searlett*ii  first  Bpeecb  in 
that  uaembt?  was  ii%  the  debate  on  the 
finanoet  of  the  nation  (ldt9),  in  which  he 
urged  the  expedtencT  of  carrying  out  Mr. 
Pitt*«  project  of  applying  the  sitikiiig  fund 
in  aid  of  the  detidency  ot  the  revenue  ;  and 
strongly  animadverted  upon  the  tone  at* 
aumcd  by  Castlereagb  and  Vaubittart,  who 
had  intimated  that,  uole^is  three  millions 
additional  tastation  w*.Te  imposed,  the 
ministry  must  resign.  The  amelioration 
of  the  criminal  code  aho  found  in  Mr. 
Scarlett  a  frequent  advocate*  He  sup. 
ported  Sir  S.  Uomilly  and  Sir  James 
Macintosh  in  their  attempts  to  remove 
capital  punishment,  in  a  great  \'ariety  of 
eaie«,  from  the  «tututc-bo<ok  \  and,  upon 
areaolution  being  pa&scd  b^  the  Uuufieof 
Commons  in  favour  of  this  object,  Mr. 
Scarlett  waa  placed  on  the  committee  to 
imjuire  and  report  to  the  House  on  the 
subject.  Mr,  Scarlett  wus  not,  however, 
«o  successful  in  Parliament  as^  he  was  in 
the  forensic  arena.  His  chief  effort  ivas 
a  speech  on  bringing  in  a  Bill  to  amend 
the  Poor-laws,  but  which  attempt  proved 
abortive. 

In  IB3S  he  stood  for  bis  Alma  MaUr. 

Gent,  Mao.  Vol.  XXL 


the  University  of  Cambridge,  with  Lord 
Hervey  and  Mr.  Bonkes;  but  be  was 
pfueed  at  the  bottom  of  the  poll,  wbich 
terminated  as  tbilovvs  : 

William  John  Bankes,  esq.     ,     419 

Lord  Hervey 281 

James  Scarlett,  esq.       .     ,     .    219 

He  was  re-chosen  for  Peterborough,  after 
a  contest  with  Mr.  Samuel  Wells. 

On  the  breaking  up  of  the  Liverpool 
Administration  in  1827,  Mr.  Canning 
invoked  (he  assistance  of  the  Wbigs,  and 
Mr.  Scjirittt  beciime  Attorney^Otineral, 
and  received  the  honour  of  knighthood  oil 
the  30th  April.  This  was  bis  first  ap- 
proach towards  tbo!)e  Conservative  princi* 
pies  hy  the  consistent  maintenance  of 
which  he  bas  been  distinguished  for  nearly 
20  years.  On  Mr.  Canning's  death  he 
continued  to  bold  the  post  under  the  abort 
administration  of  Lord  Godericb;  but, 
on  the  retirement  of  that  nobleman  from 
otfice,  in  Jan.  18^8,  Sir  Charles  Wetbe- 
lell  became  the  A ttortrey* General. 

In  May  1829  Sir  Charles  Wetherellmade 
his  adverse  speech  upon  the  Catholic 
Relief  Bill,  and  was  instantly  dismissed 
from  office  by  the  Duke  of  Weliington, 
who  ofiered  the  vacnnt  post  to  Sir  Jamea 
Scarlett ;  who  accepted  it,  stood  again  for 
Peterborough,  and  was  re-elected.  The 
public  journals  wbich  opposed  tbe  newly- 
adopted  Catholic  EmanctpaUon  policy  of 
the  Cabinet,  and  had  commented  with 
unrest  rail  led  s-e  verity  on  the  motives  and 
conduct  of  the  leading  members  of  the 
administration,  were  now  made  to  feel  the 
weapons  of  the  Attorney- Qaneral.  In 
quick  succession  criminal  informtttiona 
were  filed  again«t  the  Morning  Journal, 
the  Athis,  and  other  papers,  for  libeb  on 
the  Duke  of  Wcuington  und  Lord 
Chancellor  Lyndburst. 

At  the  election  which  followed  the 
death  of  George  1 V^  Sir  James  Scarlett 
was  elected  for  Maldon*  On  the  acees. 
sion  of  tbe  Whigs  to  office  in  Nov.  1830, 
Sir  James  Scarlett's  post  was  conferred 
by  the  new  Administiiition  on  Mr.  Den* 
man.  In  1831  Sir  James  Scarlett  was 
returned  to  Parliament  for  Cockermouib. 

In  183^,  the  first  election  after  the 
Reform  Act  became  law.  Sir  Jamea 
Scarletti  with  Lord  Stormont,  stood  fcir 
Norwich  on  the  Tory  interest.  The 
return  was  petitioned  againit ;  but  the 
cumtoittee,  not  admitting  tbe  proof  of 
agency,  left  the  members  in  possession  of 
their  seats. 

rpon  the  formation  of  the  Peel  cabinet 
in  Dec.  1834^  Sir  James  Scarlett  was  made 
Chief  Baron,  with  u  peerage,  by  the  title 
of  Bar  on  Ahinger,  and  hit  son  succeeded 
to  the  »eat  for  Norwich. 
4  0 


'«5e 


Obituaet.*— IrOfif  Abmger, 


[JniiCy 


We  append  tbe  following  remarks  on 
Lord  Alnnger*8  character  from  a  writer 
signing  '*  Lorgnette'*  in  the  Britannia. 

«*  As  an  advocate  at  the  bar  he  n-as 
really  unrivalled.  Sir  John  Copley  might 
be  more  impressive  in  bis  appeals  to  tbe 
feelings,  or  might  inspire  more  confidence 
in  a  purely  legal  argument ;  the  fine 
«ODorou8  voice  of  Denman,  and  his  noble 
face  and  form,  might  enable  him  to  appear 
more  eloquent ;  Brougbam  might  be  more 
■tartling  or  more  amusing;  and  Wilde 
■lore  astonishingly  clever  in  tbe  tortuosi- 
ties of  legal  skill ;  but  not  one  of  the 
great  men  who  were  tbe  contemporaries 
of  Lord  Abinger  at  the  bar  equalled  him, 
■ay,  or  even  approached  him,  in  the  great 
srt  of  obtaining  favourable  verdicts. 

**  As  a  young  man  behind  the  bar,  Mr. 
Scarlett  soon  attracted  attention.  Per- 
sonal appearance  has  more  to  do  with  a 
man*8  first  steps  in  life  than  we  are  usually 
disposed  to  believe.  Without  talents 
nere  exterior  advantages  are,  of  course, 
useless  in  such  a  profession  as  tbe  law; 
but  it  is  astonishing  how  they  help  a 
young  barrister  along  if  his  abilities  keep 
pace  with  the  promise  exhibited  in  an  in- 
telligent face  and  commanding  figure. 
This  was  the  case  with  Mr.  Seariett. 
He  bad  one  of  those  compact,  firm -set 
ftces  that  look  well  in  a  wig.  His  West 
Indian  extraction  gave  a  sort  of  proud 
oonfidence  to  his  carriage ;  his  features, 
tiiough  not  regular,  were  decidedly  band- 
tome;  and  his  countenance,  which  was 
eapable  of  every  variety  of  expression, 
became  full  of  intelligence  when  lit  up  by 
bis  eye,  which  twinkled  with  keen  sa- 
gacity. His  thorough  acquaintance  with 
his  profession  (acquired  by  long  years  of 
ttudy),  and  the  striking  skill  be  displayed 
as  an  advocate  whenever  the  opportunity 
fell  to  him,  distinguished  him  as  a  first- 
dass  man  long  before  be  got  bis  silk 
gown  ;  and,  like  the  present  Sir  William 
FoUett,  he  was  for  a  long  period  entrusted 
with  tbe  sole  conduct  of  important  cases 
while  he  was  still  s  junior. 

**  Later  in  life,  when  boldinfr  tbe 
highest  position  at  tbe  bar,  and  ruling 
almost  despotically  tbe  Court  of  King's 
Bench,  it  was  a  great  intellectual  treat  to 
observe  him  conducting  a  cause.  The 
•ecret  of  bis  remarkable  influence  over 
juries  appeared  to  lie  in  the  quiet  unob- 
trusiveness  of  bis  manner,  which  threw 
tbem  altogether  ofi^  theit  guard.  A  spec- 
tator  unacquainted  with  the  courts  might 
have  supposed  that  anybody  rather  than 
tbe  poniy,  full-faced,  fiurid  man  who  was 
taking  bis  ease  on  the  comfortable  cushions 
of  tbe  front  row  was  the  counsel  engaged 
Ik  the  cause.  Or,  if  he  saw  him  rise  and 
cross-examine  a  witness,  be  would  be  apt 


to  think  bim  certainly  too  indolent  to 
attend  properly  to  his  btisiness,  so  cool, 
indifferent,  and  apparently  unconcerned 
was  the  way  in  which  tbe  facts  which  his 
questions  elicited  were  left  to  their  fhte, 
as  though  it  was  of  no  consequence 
whether  they  were  attended  to  or  not. 
Ten  to  one,  with  him,  that  tbe  plaintifl^s 
counsel  would  get  tbe  Terdict,  so  dear 
seemed  tbe  case,  and  so  slight  the  opposi- 
tion. But,  in  tbe  coarse  of  time,  the 
defendant's  turn  would  come ;  and  then 
the  large-beaded,  ruddy-faced,  easy-going 
advocate  would  rise  slowly  from  his  seat, 
■ot  standing  quite  upright,  bat  resting  on 
his  left  band  placea  upon  tbe  bar,  and 
taming  sideways  to  tbe  jury,  to  commence 
the  defence  of  his  client.  Still  the  same 
anpretending  nonehalani  air  was  con- 
tinued :  it  dmost  seemed  too  great  an 
exertion  to  speak :  tbe  chin  of  that  ample 
face  rested  upon  the  still  more  ample 
chest,  as  though  the  motion  of  tbe  lips 
alone  would  be  enough  for  all  that  mignt 
have  to  be  said.  So  much  for  tbe  first 
impression.  A  few  moments*  reflection 
sufficed  to  dispel  the  idea  that  indolence 
bad  anything  to  do  with  the  previous 
quiescence  of  the  speaker.  Now  it  be- 
came clear  that,  all  the  while  be  seemed 
to  have  been  taking  his  ease  bodily,  be 
had  been  using  his  powers  of  observation 
and  his  understanding.  That  keen  grey 
eye  had  not  stolen  glances  at  the  )ary, 
nor  at  the  witnesses  either,  for  notbing. 
Nor  had  those  abandoned  facts  drawn  out 
in  cross-examination  been  unfruitful  aeeda, 
or  cast  in  barren  places.  Low  as  tbe  tone 
of  voice  was,  it  n-as  dear  and  distinct. 
It  was  not  a  mere  organ  of  sound,  hut  « 
simple  medium  ofcommunication  between 
the  mind  of  the  advocate  and  tbe  ooinds 
of  the  jury.  Sir  James  Scarlett  did  not 
attempt,  like  Denman  or  Brougham,  to 
carry  the  feelings  of  a  jury  by  storm  be- 
fore a  torrent  of  invective  or  of  eloquence ; 
nor  was  there  any  obnous  sophistry,  such 
as  occupied  too  large  a  space  in  the 
speeches  of  Campbell  or  Wilde  :  it  %%*as 
with  facts — admitted,  omitted,  or  slurred 
over,  as  best  suited  his  purpose— and  with 
inferences  made  obvious  in  spite  of  pre- 
possessions created  on  tbe  other  side,  that 
this  remarkable  advocate  achieved  hta 
triumphs.  Not  that  he  refused  to  avail 
himself  of  tbe  prejudices  which  his  know- 
ledge  of  character  and  experience  of  juries 
enabled  him  to  detect  tbe  existence  of, 
with  almost  unerring  accuracy.  Tbe  skill 
be  displayed  conMsted  in  tbe  adaptation 
of  his  suggestions  and  inferences  to  those 
prejudices.  But  he  never  indulged  in 
that  parade  of  his  mystifying  power,  which 
is  so  often  apparent  in  tbe  speechea  of 
even  tbe  most  distiogvished  Mvoaatt  at 


18440 


OniTUABY,— Lore?  Abwger* 


ttl 


tbe  bar.  He  wm  not  eatlstied  unless  he 
made  the  jury  parlies  (and  that  with  con- 
fi:dertce  in  fheir  own  sagacity)  to  their 
own  self-deception.  Watch fulnesa,  pru- 
deiicij  in  the  management  of  a  case,  g^eat 
moral  courage  in  tbe  choice  or  rejectioQ 
ot  tbe  means  to  be  used  oa  bebdit  of  a 
client,  experience  of  bum  Hit  nature,  mid 
great  Aelf.denial  in  tbe  exhibition  of  that 
experience —these  were  tlie  chief  agencies 
by  which  he  acquired  his  asct^ndiuicy  over 
juries;  wbib  it  ii  not  surprising  that  he 
aliould  hvLwm  ako  UMiuired  great  influence 
over  the  bench,  when  he  added  intimate 
knowledge  of  the  intriciicie^  of  Inw  to  un 
iinuaual  personal  deference  for  judges, 
and  the  pre^tfffe  which  almost  unvarying 
success  gave  him, 

"  When  in  the  House  of  Commons 
Lord  Abinger  continued,  thon^h  from 
very  different  motivcis^  the  same  un- 
obtiijRivcnesB  which  he  adopted  ao  sue- 
cestiftiLly  in  the  courts  of  luiv.  He  seldom 
or  never  ^poke  in  support  of  Whig  poli^ 
tics,  but  tihierty  cotitined  bis  efforts  to 
Jegiil  questions.  Upon  such  subjects  as 
tht^  reiorm  of  the  criminnl  \]xw  hU  opinion 
hud  much  weight  with  the  House.  He 
abstained  from  all  attempts  at  oratorical 
display  ;  snd  tbe  same  tkill  and  self-denial 
which  tnude  him  the  ruling  spirit  in  tbe 
Court  of  Kitrg's  Bench  tiUo  gave  himj 
though  in  a  modified  degree,  influence 
over  the  average  understanding  of  tbe 
House  of  Commons,  which  is^  after  all, 
in  the  liafids  of  a  clever  i^peaker^  little 
moie  Chun  a  monster  jury.  The  modern, 
tion  of  his  political  opinions^  the  Con- 
serviaive  tendencies  which  had  become, 
from  time  to  timi^,  apparent,  and  which 
were  inevitHble  from  the  construction  of 
hjs  mind,  added  to  hi!i^  high  reputation  at 
the  bar^  pointed  him  out  to  Mr.  Canning 
as  the  most  fit  person  to  be  Attorney. 
General  in  tbe  Ministry  which  be  was 
forming  by  a  fusion  ol  principles. 

"  Lord  Abinger  was  nota**howyjudge. 
The  same  {]uietnes«  of  temp<Tanient  which 
he  displuyed  at  the  bar  chamcterjjied  him 
also  on  the  bench.  But,  «s  might  be  ex. 
pected  from  the  position  he  held  Mt  niti 
prius^  bis  summings-up  always  exhibited 
great  scutene^A  and  knowledge  of  the 
true  bearings  of  the  esse.  At  to  whether 
his  decisions  on  legal  q  nest  ions  were  ttt 
equal  valuer  the  iiigher  members  of  the 
legal  profession  are  the  persons  best 
qualified  to  form  an  opinion.  A§  Lord 
Abinger  was  very  little  in  the  habit  of 
assuming  when  on  tbe  bench^  Ruperficial 
observers  may  have  carelessly  and  thought- 
lessly formed  an  unfavourable  estimate  of 
bis  judicial  capabilities. 

^*-  In  the  House  of  Peers  Lord  Abinger, 
itlpq^b  be  spoke  but  seldom^  aod  mok 


chiefly  on  legal  questions,  oirned  much 
weight.  The  constitution  of  his  mind 
rendered  this  almost  a  matter  of  necessity. 
He  hnd  a  great  respect  for  constituted 
authority,  snd  a  wholesome  hatred  of  oil 
political  quackery.  He  was  by  no  mesns 
a  regular  attenditntin  tbe  House  of  Lords. 

♦'  During  the  litter  years  of  bis  life, 
and  since  his  elevation  to  the  bench.  Lord 
Abinger  grew  very  stout,  and  latterly 
infirm  in  his  gsit.  An  attack  he  bad 
some  few  yesr^i  back  caused  him  to  wear 
a  black  ptitch  over  one  of  bis  eyes,  and 
he  walked  with  a  stick,  apparently  with 
difficuUy.  His  intellectual  tncnlties,  how- 
ever, remained  utiimpiiired  until  the  attack 
of  paraly««is,  which  ultimately  termimiied 
bis  exi?.tcnre." 

Lord  Abinger  was  one  of  the  judges  of 
the  Norfolk  Circuit ♦  and  Wing  at  Bury  St. 
Edmund's  he  pretjjded  in  the  court  on  the 
2nd  April  up  to  the  lute  hour  of  /  o'clock  in 
the  evening,  going  through  tbe  business 
of  tbe  day  with  the  same  clearnesfi,  pre- 
cision, and  skill  which  distingiiiinhed  htm 
in  the  prime  of  life.  Within  two  honns 
from  the  adjonrnmeTitof  the  court  he  was 
speechless,  and,  within  the  short  spuce  of 
five  days^  be  breathed  his  last. 

Less  than  a  year  sfter  bis  call  to  tbe 
bar,  viz.  on  the  22nd  of  August,  1798, 
Lord  Abinger  married  the  third  daughter 
of  Peter  Compbell,  esq.  of  Kilmorey,  Jti 
Argyleshire,  by  whom  he  hud  three  sons 
and  two  daughters.  flaving  become  a 
widower  on  the  6th  March,  18^,  he 
married  secondly,  Sept.  28,  18-13,  EliM- 
beth,  daughter  of  the  late  Lee  Steere 
Steere,  esq.  of  Jayes,  Snrrcy,  and  widow 
of  tbe  Rev.  Henry  John  Rtdley,  of  Ock- 
ley.  Air.  Ridley  wu*i  a  de&cend«nt  of 
the  celebrated  Protestant  martyr,  Bishop 
Ridley,  nnd,  among  other  relics  of  that 
pious  man  in  tbe  possession  of  Lady 
Abinger,  is  tbe  chair  in  which  be  used  to 
study. 

His  eldest  son,  Robert  Campbell  Scar- 
lett, now  Lord  Abinger,  was  born  on  the 
5th  of  September,  17H.  On  the  I9th  of 
July,  182^,  he  married  Sarah,  the  second 
daughter  of  George  Smith,  esq.  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Mauritius.  The  issue  of 
thi»  miirriitge  is  two  sons  and  two  daugh. 
ters.  The  present  Lord  Abinger  was 
cnlled  to  the  bar,  ;ind  practised  for  a  shoTf 
time.  He  was  returned  to  ParliJiment 
lor  >forwich  in  1835,  and  for  Horsham  in 
J 81 1.  The  second  child  of  the  deceased 
is  Lady  Stratheden,  married  to  the  present 
Lord  Cnmpbcll  in  1821,  and  created  ft 
Peeress  in  t  '"  '  Ut  Sir  John  Camp- 
bell was  Af  mi.  The  third  is  tbe 
widow  of  Lu  -..  -  Sir  Edward  Cnrrey, 
K.C»H.  Tbe  tourth,  Colonel  tbe  Hon, 
Jmoes  Vofke  Sctf lett,  <»f  tbe  5ch  PrufooQ 


652        Rear-Adm.  Hon.  F.  P.  Irhy. — Rear-Admiral  Fane. 


[June, 


Guards ;  and  bis  youngest  son,  the  Hon. 
Peter  Campbell  Scarlett,  who  had  been 
marshal  and  associate  of  the  noble  and 
learned  Chief  Baron  in  the  Court  of  Ex- 
chequer, has  been  recently  appointed  Her 
Majesty*s  Secretary  of  Legation  at  the 
Court  of  Tuscany.  He  married,  in  1843, 
Frances-Sophia*  Mostyn,  second  daughter 
of  Edmund  Lomaz,  esq.  of  Parkhurst, 
Sussex. 

The  funeral  of  the  late  Lord  Abingcr 
took  place  on  Sundav  morning  the  14th 
of  April,  at  the  small  village  of  Abinger, 
•bout  four  miles  from  Dorking,  in  Surrey. 
Administration  of  his  will  has  passed  the 
seal  of  the  Prerogative  Court  to  his  eldest 
BOO,  now  Lord  Abinger,  to  whom  he  has 
bequeathed  the  whole  of  his  personal 
estate.  To  his  wife,  Ladv  Abinger,  he 
gives  <*a  certain  sum  settled  on  her  by 
marriage,**  and  directs  his  executor  to 
augment  that  sum  by  the  sale  of  property 
and  stock  in  the  Bank ;  but,  strange  to 
say,  in  the  will  (which  is  in  his  lordship's 
own  handwriting,  and  extremely  short), 
no  executor  is  appointed.  To  bis  *<e8. 
teemed  friend,  Mr.  Parkinson,  of  the 
firm  of  Farrar  and  Co.,  100/.,  as  a  token 
of  my  esteem,  free  of  legacy  duty."  He 
states,  '*  I  have  given  no  legacies  to 
servants,  leaving  their  reward  to  the  con- 
sideration of  my  son.**  These  are  the 
onlv  legacies,  and  the  property  is  sworn 
under  18,000/. 


Rcar-Adm.  Hon.  F.  P.  Ibuy. 

April  24.  At  Bovland  Hall,  Norfolk, 
aged  65,  the  Hon.  Frederick  Paul  Irhy, 
Rear- Admiral  of  the  White,  C.B.,  a 
Magistrate  and  Deputy  1  leutenant  of 
Noifolk,  brother  to  Lord  Boston. 

He  was  born  April  18,  1779,  the 
second  son  of  Freaerick  second  Lord 
Boston,  by  Christiana,  only  daughter  of 
Paul  Cobb  Metbuen,  esq.  and  aunt  to 
the  present  Lord  Metbuen.  Admiral  Irby 
entered  the  Navy  2nd  Jan.  1791,  and,  as 
midshipman  of  the  Montague,  was  in 
Lord  Howe*s  glorious  action  of  the  1st 
of  June,  1794;  and  at  Camperdown, 
under  Lord  Duncan,  was  Lieutenant  of 
the  Circe.  In  1809,  being  appointed 
CapUin  of  the  Amelia,  38  guns,  the  Hon. 
F.  P.  Irby  assisted  at  the  destruction  of 
three  French  frigates  off  Sable  D'Olonne, 
after  which  he  went  in  with  his  vessel 
and  dislodged  the  French  from  a  redoubt 
they  had  thrown  up  to  strengthen  their 
poaition  under  the  lie  d*Aix,  coast  of 
France.  In  the  same  year,  in  company 
with  the  Statira,  he  captured  the  Moucha 
corvette,  and  several  armed  vessels  off 
St.  Andero;  and  in  1811  assisted  at  the 
destruction  of  L*Amazone  French  frigate 
09  Cherbourg.    On  the  9th  of  February, 


1813,  Captain  Irby  signalized  himself  by 
his  great  gallantry,  in  a  most  severe  and 
sanguinary  action,  which  he  fouf^t  off  the 
Isle  of  Los,  on  the  coast  of  Guinea,  with 
a  French  frigate,  L*Ar^thuse,  forty  guns, 
commanded  by  Commodore  Bouvet.  The 
engagement  lasted  three  hours  and  fifty 
minutes— it  was  nearly  calm  as  tbej  lay 
close  to  each  other,  and,  when  the  Ar^thuse 
sheered  away,  the  Amelia  was  unable  to 
follow;  her  three  Lieutenants  lay  dead 
upon  her  decks,  with  47  of  her  men. 
CapUin  Irby  was  severely  wounded,  as 
were  all  his  surviving  officers,  and  about 
95  men  ;  making  a  total  of  145  killed  and 
wounded.  The  adversary  of  the  Amelia 
escaped,  in  consequence  of  her  consort, 
the  Rubis,  a  vessel  of  like  force,  beinr 
in  the  vicinity.  The  carnage  on  board 
the  Ar^thuse  was  equally  great ;  the  re- 
port sent  to  the  French  Minister  of 
Maiine  stated  the  number  at  150  in  killed 
and  wounded.—"  Here  (says  James,  in 
his  Naval  History,  after  giving  a  detailed 
account  of  the  battle)  was  a  long  and 
bloody  action  between  two  (taking  guns 
and  men  together]  neariy  equal  oppo- 
nents,  which  gave  a  victory  to  neither. 
Each  combatant  withdrew  exhausted 
from  the  fight.  Both  frigates  behaved 
most  bravely ;  and,  although  he  had  no 
trophy  to  show,  each  captam  did  more  to 
support  the  character  of  his  nation  than 
many  an  officer  who  has  been  decorated 
with  the  chaplet  of  victory." 

Admiral  Irhy  married  first,  Dec.  I, 
1803,  Emily-Ives,  youngest  daughter  and 
co-heir  of  William  Drake,  esq.  of  Amers- 
ham,  and  sister  to  his  hrorher*s  wife. 
Lady  Boston.  This  Udy  died  in  1806, 
in  childbed  of  her  only  child,  Frederick 
William  Irby,  esq.  who  is  unmarried. 
The  Admiral  married  secondly,  Jan.  23, 
1816,  Frances,  second  dttugbter  of  Icha- 
bod  Wright,  esq.  of  Maberley  hall,  Notts, 
and  by  that  lady  he  bad  issue  three  sons 
and  four  daughters  :  2,  Frances.  Harriet ; 
3.  Churies  Paul,  who  died  in  1836;  4. 
Henrietta- Maria,  who  died  in  1827;  5. 
Margaret' Amelia,  married  in  1843  to 
Henry  Kett  Tompson,  esq.  of  Witching- 
ham,  Norfolk  ;  6.  Montagu  Henry  John  ; 
7.  Adeline- Paulina  ;  and  8.  Leonard- 
Howard -Loyd,  born  in  1836. 

Hear -Admiral  Fane. 

March  2S.  At  Bath,  Francis  William 
Fane,  esq.  Kear-Admiral  of  the  White. 

He  was  born  Oct.  U,  1778,  the 
younger  son  of  John  Fane,  esq.  of 
Wormsley,  M.P.  for  Oxfordshire  (a 
nephew  of  Henrv  eighth  Earl  of  West- 
moreland,) by  Lady  Elizabeth  Parker, 
daughter  of  Thomas  third  Earl  of  Maccles- 
field.   He  entered  the  navy  pn  the  l^tU 


1844.]      Sir  C*  F,  Garin^^^Sir  J.  Gibbons.Sir  R,  A.  Douglas,       653 

^pril,  1795,  am]  vvilbin  eJglit  vE'ars  ntid  a 
htilf  from  tbait  date  be  obtaiiied  bis  post 
rank,  baving  passed  through  tbe  inferior 
grades  ill  less  time  tbaii  any  Flap  Officer 
on  the  list,  with  the  exception  of  two  of 
tbe  distinguished  members  of  the  present 
Board  of  Admir«lry»  and  an  oiler  gallant 
Ad  m  i  ral .  His  rapid  prom  ot  lo  n ,  h  owe  vet, 
was  not  disproportionate  to  his  gallHtit 
services.  He  vvtis  Midshipman  of  the 
Terpsichore  frigate  in  her  action  u  ith  tbe 
Spanish  Irignte  Mahonesa,  in  171M>;  &r^d 
in  the  same  vessel  di«<tin4;uisbed  liimself 
i*i  tbe  action  with  the  French  frige te 
V'estale,  wbicli,  after  desprmte  fighting 
for  two  hours,  was  captured  by  the 
Terpsichore.  Mr.  Fane  received  a  severe 
wound  in  this  eon  diet. 

When  in  commarrd  of  the  Cambrian  he 
WHS  distinguished  for  his  zenl  and  activity 
in  co-operating  with  the  Spuniab  patriots 
on  tbe  coast  of  Catalonia,  but  unfortu- 
nately vm^  made  prisoner,  in  IBIO,  while 
commanding  a  detachment  in  an  attempt 
to  cnptnre  several  armed  veasels  at  Pa- 
Umiis.  The  dates  of  his  commissions 
were^ — Licutcniint^  12  Jaii,  170f>;  Com- 
mander, ^th  April,  180s;  j  Capiain,  3*}tb 
Aug.  1802^  and  Rear-Admiral,  lOthJun. 
1937. 

Admintl  Fane  mnrried,  July  20»  1821-, 
Ann,  daughter  of  William  Flint,  esrj.and 
youngest  nister  to  Sir  Cb»rles  William 
Flint,  Under  Secretary  of  State  for  tbe 
Hfl^nirs  of  Ireland,  resident  at  Weettmin. 
6ter.  By  this  ludyi  who  survives  him,  he 
hud  no  issue. 

Some  further  particulars  of  bis  ser- 
vices will  be  found  in  Marsbnll's  lioynl 
Naval  Biography,  vol  ii.  pp.  838  et  §eq. 


Sir  C.  F,  Gorin&,  Bart, 
March  20,  At  Htghdcni  near  Lewes, 
aged  75,  Sir  Charles  Forsfer  Goring,  the 
sixth  Baronet  ol  that  fHmily  (with  the 
precedency  of  1027,  by  surrender  in  1G77 
of  the  patent  oi  Bowyer.  of  Leigh t borne.) 
He  waa  born  July  IL  1708^  the  ddcst 
son  of  Sir  H«ny  Goring  tbe  fifth  Baro- 
net, by  his  first  wife,  the  only  child  of 
John  Forster,  esq.  some  time  Governor  of 
Bengal.  He  was  appointed  Major  of  the 
South  Divieion  of  the  Ripe  of  Bramber 
Volunteers  by  commission  dated  St»pt, 
20,  1 8113.  He  succeed t»d  to  the  title  on 
his  father's  death,  Dec.  1,  ibtl;  and 
served  the  office  of  Shenff  of  Suiiex  in 
1827. 

He  married,  Nov.  7,  1799,  Bridget^ 
daughter  of  Henry  Dent,  of  Norfolk,  esq. 
and  had  issue  five  sons  and  lour  daugb> 
ters:  L  Bridget;  5?.  Sir  Hnrry  Dent 
Goring,  who  has  succeeded  to  tbe  title  ; 
3.  Antm,  who  died  unmarried  in  1830; 
i,  ibe  IUt.  Cbailes  Goring,  Hector  of 


Tninebsm,  Sussex,  who  married  \n  1638 
Maria- Arabella,  eldest  dan^'bter  of  Ge- 
neral the  Hon.  Frederick  St.  John  j  5. 
Georjge  Goring,  esq.;  6.  Eliiabeib,  mar- 
ried in  18;*4  to  Joshua  Robert  Minnitt, 
of  Anabe;?,  co.  Tipperary,  esq*;  7» 
Forster  j  8.  William  ;  and  9.  Ida,  married 
in  1831  to  Aubrey  William  Beauclerk, 
esq.  lute  M.P;  for  East  Surrey,  eldest 
son  of  Charles  Beauclerk,  esq.  of  St. 
Leonard's  near  llor»ham. 

The  present  Binonet  was  bom  m  IBQ2, 
and  mnrrit^d  in  1827  Augusta,  daughter 
of  the  late  Lieut. -Colonel  Han'ey,  of 
Thorpe  Lodge,  Norfolk,  by  xvhom  he 
has  issue.  He  was  M.  P.  for  Shoreham 
from  183-2  utttil  the  last  general  election, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Charles  Goring, 
esq.  of  Wiston  Pork. 

Sir  John  Gibbons,  BAtiT, 

3farch  26.  At  Stanwell  Place,  Mid- 
dlesex, aged  71^  Sir  John  Gibbons,  the 
fourth  Bart  of  that  jdace  (1752),  Colonel 
of  the  West  Middlesex  Militia. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  William 
Gibbons  the  third  Bart,  LL.D.  a  C'om. 
mtssioner  of  tbe  Sick  and  Hurt  Office, 
by  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Admiral  Wilson, 
and  fiiiier  to  Sir  Churlea  Watson,  of 
Fulmer,  co.  Bucks,  Bnrt.  He  succeeded 
to  the  title  on  the  death  of  hts  father  in 
Dec.  UU. 

He  married  OcL  27,  1795,  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  tbe  late  Rirhard  Taylor,  of 
Charleton  Houep,  I^Iiddlesex,  efq*  and 
had  isKue  John  GiblK>n5,  esq.  who  mar- 
ried first  in  1824  his  cousin  Ch&rlotCe. 
sixth  daughter  of  Sir  Charles  Watson,  of 
Fulmer,  co.  Bucks,  Burt,  and  secondly 
in  1838  Miss  Cotton,  daughter  of  the 
Uev.  Alexander  Cotton,  Rector  of  Gir- 
ton,  CO.  C«m bridge,  a  younger  son  of  Sir 
John  Hindc  Cotton,  Bart,  and  is  de- 
censed,  leaving  issue  a  son  and  heir,  now 
Sir  John  (ribhons,  who  has  succeeded  bis 
gTMud father  in  the  title. 

ThelutcB{kroi>et  had  ulto  kfue  Louisa, 
mnrricd  in  1827  to  hcrcousin  John  Hen- 
rick  Gibbons,  etq.,  and  other  children. 
Lady  Gibbons  died  Oct.  20,  1835. 

Sir  R.  a.  Dolgi-as,  Bart. 

Nor,  L  At  the  Mauritius,  aged  36, 
Sir  Robert  Atidrew*  Douglas,  the  Mcond 
Burt,  of  Glenburnie,  co.  Kincardine, 
(1831,)  Major  commanding  the  reserve 
battalion  of  the  12tb  regimcuc. 

He  was  horn  April  25,  1^07,  the  eldest 
son  of  the  late  Lieut.- General  Sir  Ken- 
neth Msckcnxie,  K.B.  Colonel  of  the 
58lh  Foot,  who  a.qsumed  the  name  and 
arms  of  Douglas  by  tign  roanuul  in  1831, 
and  was  in  the  same  year  created  a  Baro* 
net.    He  di«d  Nov.  i2,  1833,  wd  wnt 


C54     Horn.  A.  B.  WUkrmkam^^T.  P.  Achmd,  JBif .— €UL JDmnM.  [JoMb 

gucceeded  by  Sir  Robert,  wbo  wm  ap- 
poinred  £n>i)ni  in  the  Brmr  l>cc.  20, 
JSS^t  purchased  a  Lieutenancy  in  18^26, 
and  a  coropanj  in  I^:^. 

Sir  Hubert  Douclas  married  in  1 S3J  Mar- 
t^.EliZiibt-th»  eldest  ddtix hie r  of  Jo>hiia 
Boujse,  of  Southampton,  e^.  and  i»  sac- 
ereded  by  bis  eldest  »on,  RuU*rt.  born  in 
1837.  Lady  DougU»,  with  their  infant 
children,  arrived  at  the  Mauntiu«  from 
EngUnd  only  two  days  before  Sir  Ro- 
bert*! decease. 


Hoy.  R.  BooTLE  Wilbrauam.  M.P. 

May  o.  At  his  father's  in  Portland 
place,  aeed  i:^.  the  Hon.  Richard  Bootle 
Wilbrahain,  M.P.  for  South  LancAshire. 

He  was  bom  iVt.  :?7.  lH>L  the  eldest 
son  of  Edward  liootle  Wiibraham,  esq. 
formerly  ALP.  for  Lancaj^bire,  and  nho 
was  created  Lord  2>kelmersda)e  in  li:^, 
byM<fcrv.Elixabi-th,  daughter  of  He%'.  Ed- 
ward  Taylor  of  Uitrons  near  Canterbury, 
and  sister  to  the  late  Sir  Herbert  Taylor. 

In  IKij  he  n-as  returned  to  the  House 
of  Commons  for  South  Lancashire,  for 
which  he  sat  in  coiyunction  with  Lord 
Francis  £«;ertoo.  He  died  from  an  at. 
tack  of  induenza. 

He  married  May  ti,  1S12,  Jes«y  third 
dMi|:hter  of  Sir  Richard  Brooke,  of  Nor. 
ton  Prior}-.  Cht*shirv.  lUrt..  and  has  left 
issue  a  son  and  tour  dau<;hters. 

The  funei^I  of  this  rt<}H.xMed  pcntle- 
Bin  toi4  place  on  the  I6:h.  at  Skilmers- 
dale,  near  Omiskirk.  The  body  bad 
been  previously  removed  to  Latham  Hall, 
the  »eat  ol  Lord  Skclmersdaie.  About 
uruVlock  the  proce*>:on  left  the  l\A\  for 
tbechur\*h,  in  the  foLovtiDg  order  : — Fir^c 
■KHiming  coach,  containing  iht"  Rev.  Mr. 
Batter^by.  Pr.  Lax.  Mr.^  Robert  Boyer, 
and  Mr.  E.  B«^yer ;  the  hcane  came  nlix ; 
and  then  the  secord  moun;:Bi:  coach,  m 
which  were  Lord  Skelmersdale.  .Mr«.  R, 
Bootle  Wilbraharo.  Mrs.  A.  Lascelles. 
and  Sir  Ricbard  Brooke,  Bart. ;  third 
mourning  coach,  conraiuiiig  L^trd  Stan- 
ley. Sir  Brook  Tayior,  Mr.  Kanngton. 
and  Mr.  Warburton ;  and  in  the  t^Hirtb 
BBoumingcosch  were  Mr.  Arthur  Bro^^ke. 
Mr.  Klrv^e.  Mr.  Hutton.  and  :he  Hon. 
Arthur  Lasce'.lt>.  In  the  rear  \%ere  the 
pri^-av  cAmau:«;>  of  Lord  Skrlicfr«dale 
and  i:      \  of  the  IkkA  gentry  ar.d  c!£:g>-. 

It  A  ^  by  the  urgent  wish  of  Mn. 
Wilbraham  tbjt  she  attended  tb«  ob- 
sequics. 

r.  P.  AcLANO.  Esa. 
MoFtk  i:.     At   Little   Br^y.  Devon. 
i"  ^re,  in  *.:  *  70:b  year,  Tbomas  Palmer 
Aeknd,  esq.    ancle    to   Sir    Petvcrine 
Nbw  FvUcr.PidBcr-Adnd,  Bm. 


He  was  bon  April  13,  17QS.  tW 
seventh  son  of  Arthw  AdaBd*  of  Fair- 
field,  CO.  Somerset,  esq.  bj  ElmabcCh, 
daughter  of  William  fTirnlmm,  of  Qs- 
enham,  co.  Devon,  esq. 

He  was,  we  believe.  namanitJ,  Hia 
will  amongst  other  beqneata  cuataiMa  tka 
following  donations,  to  be  paid  free  of  all 
legacy  duty  and  cbar^m : — North  Devmi 
Infirmary,  Barmtaple,  4001. ;  North  Dt- 
Ton  Ihspeamry,  JOOI ;  the  Bhw  Coat 
School.  Bamsuple.  SOO/.;  Beil*a  Sebool, 
Barnstaple,  200/. ;  Eye  Infirasory,  Eia. 
ter.  \\M. :  St.  George^  Hospital.  Um. 
don,  1(10/.;  Westminster  Hoapiml,  1081; 
Luaatic  Asylum,  Eieter,  lOOi. ;  to  trim, 
tees  to  be  invested,  and  interest  to  he  a^ 
plied  in  purchasing  Bibles^  Tialmointi, 
and  ComBMNi  Prayer  Booha,  to  he  As- 
tnbuted  from  year 'to  year  to  the  poor  of 
Devonshire,  with  preference  in  fevoor  of 
parishes  wherein  the  tesmtor  had  aoj  pro- 
perty, 1000/.;  Rector  and  chmnchiiofdeoa 
of  liighbray,  to  be  iavcated.  and  interest 
distributed  to  the  poor  at  Chiistmoi, 
2UU/. :  Rector  and  chorchwardens  of 
Charles,  for  the  bka  potpose,  lOOf.; 
Rector  and  chaichwaroens  of  Baio- 
staple.  fcr  the  like  puipoee,  lOOI. 


Colonel  John  F.  Baowsn,  C.B. 

Merck  25.  At  his  residenee  in  Walea» 
in  bi>  77th  year,  Colonel  John  Fnedeiick 
Ba^wne.  C.B. 

The  deceased  Colonel  had  sccb  cob- 
siderable  service  during  a  period  of  up- 
ward>  of  :A}  \  ears.  He  served  in  Flandera 
dunnc  the  nir.paicns  of  I793»  9l^aBd  95^ 
and  ably  (?T«tinjuisiied  himself  at  the  sicj^e 
Kfi  Nia:eg\..n,  id  the  sanguinary  sortie 
.''  >m  tUnce.  in  1796  be  assisted  at  the 
it.duc:ion  f^'  St.  Luce,  and  tendered  coo- 
>  IcnVf*  S(.-i-i.-«-  throughout  thee 
of  l^iM  in  Kgyi*.  esp^aallyinthei 
of  tbt  xh.  13ih.  and  «isK  of  March,  fat 
lt^>5  ho  ..(vompanied  the  expcditioo  to 
Ha-  ^Tcr.  and  in  IRK  went  on  activte 
ttry  e  :o  Zealand.  In  the  following  year 
hs  *  t:  with  the  expedition  to  Sweden, 
ard  be  ncs:  year  took  part  in  the  Wal- 
che:  n  expedi:ior..  Sabseqoently  be  waa 
reqi  .e<i  tor  the  v>perations  in  the  Penis- 
su^a.  and  he  ct'."<^  considerable  distinc- 
t:on  a:  Bari>sL  u:^icr  Lord  Lynedoch, 
coir.mariiTu;  '.he  :^h  Regiment  in  that 
bati'e.  For  h*s  caUantry  there  he  receive 
a  medal.  His  commissions  were  dated 
as  follows :— Ensign.  15th  Sept.  17B1  ; 
Lieutenac:.  Slst  'Jan.  17^:  Captain, 
2d  Sept.  1T*0;  Major.  9th  July.  1803; 
L'eutc!U2:.Co*.on<ir  :?jth  Ju!v,  1610; 
and  Coiol^el.  l:?:h  August.  It9l9. 


1844-.)        Lieut'Col.  R*  Simion,  K.H.—Rev*  Dr.  CreBswelL 


655 


LlEUT.-COL.  R.  SiMSON,  K,H, 
April  12.     Aged   60,   Lieut. -Colonel 
Robert  Simeon,   K.H.    Town  Major  of 
HutL 

This  ^llttiit  officer  entered  the  semce 
of  Ins  country  a«  iin  Enii^n  m  the  8lBt 
Regt.  iirui  with  which  be  6rst  did  duty  in 
Sicily  in  1903.  Sohsequently  he  obtained 
ft  Lieu  tenancy  in  the  i:^d  Light  Infiintry, 
then  fortfiing^,  with  the  5)£d  and  ll5th 
Rifles,  a  crack  brigade,  under  his  rclutive 
and  patron,  General  Sir  John  Moore,  at 
TbornclifiFe,  on  the  coast  of  Kent, 

In  1807  Lieut.  Simson  emburked  with 
Ms  regiment  at  Deal,  in  the  expedition 
under  the  late  Lord  Cat  heart  Again  «it  Co- 
p^nbagen^  and  was  present  at  Sir  Arthur 
Welleslcy^s  galUnt  affair  in  the  island  of 
Kioge,  In  the  following  year  Lieut, 
Sifufkoni  was  again  afloat  with  a  force 
under  the  orders  of  Sir  John  Moore;  but 
on  their  arrivul  at  Gottenburgb,  it  being 
found  that  their  services  would  be  un. 
availing,  the  expedition  was  ordered  to 
PortygttK  From  this  period  be  waa  tden. 
titled  with  the  fortunes  ot  Sir  John  Moore, 
in  his  advance  on  the  Spanish  frontier,  and 
mibaequent  disastious  retreat.  Captain 
SisMon  next  senred  through  a  consider- 
able portion  of  the  Peninsular  cam[iaign^ 
vras  pi^eut  at  the  battle  of  Vittoria,  and 
at  ebe  iaet  fight  belore  Toulouse.  On 
the  preliminaries  trf  peace  being  signed, 
the  43d  and  the  other  regimenta  of  rbe 
Light  llimion  wet^  ordered  to  America, 
where  they  took  part  in  the  war  of  re- 
prisal for  the  outrage*  comtnitted  in  Ca. 
Dftda.  At  the  attack  on  New  Orleans 
Capt»  Simson,  leading  the  «t  or  mi  ng.  party 
against  the  principal  redoubt  ot  the  enemy's 
position,  was  tbrovni  into  llic  trench  by  a 
round  shot,  causing  a  severe  wound,  which 
{"esuked  in  the  amputation  of  hts  left  leg 
and  thigh,  and  rendered  him  unfit  for  lur- 
tlier  active  dtiries.  lit'  tlien  retired  with 
the  rank  of  Mnjor,  but  aftcnvurds  received 
liis  Stafl^appointmi-ntf  and  rfie  brevet  of 
Lieut. -Coionel,  with  the  Hanoverian 
Oudphic  Order»  a»  an  acknowledgment 
of  his  iervices.  The  funeral  of  this  gal- 
larit  officer  took  place  on  the  i5th  April, 
and  there  have  been  lew  ocotsiona  of  tliis 
ileacription  in  Hull  where  the  public  ieel- 
ing  and  sympathy  have  been  ao  eanieatly 
enlisted. 


Rev.  Dr.  Cr£bswill. 

March  SL  At  tbe  vicarage  bovief 
JEnfidd,  aged  66,  the  Rev.  Daniel  Cresa- 
well,  D.D.  F.R.S,,  S2  yrarfi  Viear  of 
tiiat  parish,  and  a  magiitrate  for  Middle- 
•ex. 

His  family  have  been  landed  propneton 
in  Derbyabire  aa  far  back  at  the  reign  of 
^ueen  Elisabeth,  Be  waa  born  at  Wake- 


field, In  Yorkshire,  and  sent  after  hie 
earliest  eduration  to  a  grammar  school  of 
much  celebrity  at  Hull,  under  the  tuition 
of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Milner,  the  ecclesi- 
astical historian  ^  and  broUicrto  the  late  Very 
Rev.  Dr.  I^aac  Milner,  Dean  of  Cariisle. 

From  this  seminar v  Dr.  Cress wcU 
seems  to  have  proceeded  rather  young  to 
Trinity  College,  C^ambridge,  where  he 
became  in  due  time  Fellow,  having 
taken  hit  B,A,  degree  in  1797,  on  which 
occasion  he  waa  7th  Wrangler,  and  tbe 
next  year  obtained  the  first  prize  for  a 
Latin  easay  annually  proposed  to  Bachelors 
of  Arts  in  the  University.     Al.A.  1800, 

Dr.  C  res*. well  wat  never  concerned  tii 
the  public  tuition  of  bii  college,  but  took 
pri>'ate  pupils,  resided  scMne  years  at 
Cambridge,  and  bore  College  and  Uni. 
ver&ity  office! .  He  published  alao  at  tbii 
period  several  clever  and  useful  maihe* 
mattcal  works. 

In  the  year  1822  Dr.  CreasweU  was 
pteeented  by  Trinity  College  to  the  viear« 
age  of  En  held,  (on  the  death  of  the  Rev. 
Harry  Porter) ;  aTi<d  became  soon  after, 
and  continued  to  the  time  of  bis  decease, 
an  active,  intelligent,  and  discrfminating 
magistrate,  discharging  tbe  duties  of  tbt 
office  with  courage  and  equity^and  temper* 
ing  where  he  could  the  exercise  of  justiee 
with  a  due  mejisure  of  lenity.  In  all 
matters  which  concerned  the  interests 
and  welfare  of  the  parish  Dr.  Cres«weU 
engnged  with  alnerity,  and  took  a  lively 
part  when  persuaded  of  their  utility  and 
advantage,  and  would  use  his  influence 
With  i'rtect  in  proper  quarters.  Tu  the 
poor  he  was  ever  open  for  counsel  and 
advice  when  asked,  making  it  a  rule  never 
to  be  denied  to  any,  and  being  at  all  times 
accessible  to  rbem. 

Dr.  Cresswell  at  various  eimas,  m  pa- 
rochial circumstances  orUieexigenetosof 
the  church  at  large  might  lead^  priiite4  a 
few  sermons  preached  at  Enliela. 

A  very  short  time  after  hts  settlement 
in  his  parish  there  occurred  at  iki  great 
distance  from  it  the  dreadful  murder  of 
Mr.  Weare,  which  cauned  at  the  time  a 
very  considerable  sensation.  Tbe  new 
Vicar  of  Enfield  preached  a  sermon  on 
tbe  occasion,  guarding  bis  bearers  against 
tbe  various  violations  of  religion  that 
eventually  issue  in  tbe  horrible  crime  of 
murder,  and  afterwards  printed  it. 

He  published  soon  after  a  Discourse  on 
an  abstruse  but  faigUy  iotereating  ques* 
tion,  the  BtcogaiCKin  of  Eaitbly  Aeso- 
dates  in  anotbet  State  of  Beingf  which 
is  bandied  with  much  delicacy,  pathos, 
and  power.  In  18^  a  small  and  elegant 
volume  of  very  sensible  and  philanthropic 
sermons,  entitled.  On  Domestic  Dutiea, 
appeared  frotn  tbe  same  pen.     One  of 


656 


Obit  FAB  Yi-^Mr.  John  Came, 


[JllTl^, 


Ibese  U  on  a  lubject  a  little  out  of  tbc 
ordinary  line  of  discourses,  Damely,  On 
our  Duty  to  Dumb  Aifimals, 

In  tbe  vear  1643  Dr*  Creaswell  put 
forth  a  volume  of  Short  Notes  on  ifac 
Book  of  Psalms,  with  the  Prayer  Book 
VefiJon*  A  jirefice  is  affixed ,  in  which 
tbe  Huthor  npologifiea  fordoing,  in  print- 
ing the  Ptmlter  with  notes,  what  so  very 
many  bad  done  before,  but  dwells  feeU 
ingly  on  tbe  excellence  of  a  work  thut  ba« 
been  *'  the  admiration,  solace,  and  ddiglit 
of  tbe  pioua  of  all  ages.*'  Tbe  preface  is 
replete  with  sagacioua  and  ortbodox  re> 
marks,  and  the  notes  are  terse,  clear,  and 
often  originaL  Tbey  seem  to  argue  a 
considerable  knowledge  of  tbe  Hebrew, 
and  occassional  bints  from  a  variety  of 
authors  of  diderent  ages  and  tenets  prove 
tbe  existence  both  of  much  reading  and 
great  freedom  from  prejudice  in  tbe  anno- 
tator. 

Later,  in  1843,  Dr*  Cresswell  preached 
and  printed  for  circulation,  by  request, 
two  ver^  instructive,  iudkiousi  and  well- 
timed  di&courses  on  the  Worship  of  God 
in  Spirit  and  in  Tryth.  In  tbe  first  tbe 
author  gives  a  very  just  idea  of  what  bis 
text,  John  iv.  24,  imports  ;  in  the  second, 
a  true  portrait  of  the  Cburcb  of  England  ^s 
happy  conformity  to  it. 

Or,  Cresswell  mtrried,  in  1827,  Anne, 
daughter  of  the  late  Peter  Thompton, 
esq.  of  Enfield,  who  survives  bim. 


bbih. 


Ma.  John  Carnk. 

April  19.     At   Peniance,  in  his 
year,  Mr.  John  Cyme. 

Removed  by  circumstancet  above  tbe 
necessity  of  cboosing  a  profession,  and 
poaaesaed  of  great  natural  sensibility,  Mr, 
John  Carne  parsed  his  youth  and  early 
manhood  at  home,  occupied  in  tbe  cul- 
tivation of  eiegant  literature,  and  in  the 
indulgence  of  a  fertile  imaginution,  to 
wbicb  the  scenery  of  a  romuntic  neigh* 
bourbood  afforded  a  congenial  i>oiL  llie 
first  fruit  of  bis  hternrv  leisure  was  a  va- 
luiue  of  poems,  entitled  "  The  Indian 
and  Laearus,*'  and  published  in  IS^. 
Shortly  after  its  appearance,  be  embraced 
an  opj^ortunilv  of  uccumplishing  an  object 
dear  to  his  iiopes  from  cbtldbood,  and 
visited  those  land*  of  Eastern  story  where 
bis  fancy  had  so  often  wandered.  On  his 
return  he  published,  in  tbe  New  Monthly 
MagNtifie,  a  series  of  *•  Letters  from  tbo 
Eatf,'*  and  on  tbeir  completion  collected 
them  into  a  volume,  a  second  edition  of 
wbicb  bas  shown  tbe  approbation  of  a  dis- 
cerning public.  This  work,  and  his  ta- 
lenti  for  ?wtHy,  intioduced  bim  to  a  fa- 
miliar .  with  many  diMinguiabcd 
men  o:  w>ngst  whom  were  Scott^ 
Soutbcy,  i-««i>|it^l],  and  Lockbait*  His 
U 


literarv  reputation  being  now  established, 
be  published  successively  a  continuation 
of  the  '*  Letters,"  under  the  title  of  "  Re- 
collections of  tbe  East,"  '»  Letters  from 
Switzerland  and  Italy,"  and  '*  Lives  of 
tbe  mo^t  Eminent  MisKiotiaries,'*— Ca^ 
tholic  PS  ^vell  as  Protej^tant.  He  also 
turned  his  «ttcntion  to  ibu^e  local  itoriea 
wbicb  bis  memory  had  trea^iured  up,  and 
the  '*  Tales  of  tbe  West"  obtained  con- 
siderable popularity*  Wc  mfiy,  hoM'ever, 
be  allowed  to  suggest  that  the  publi<>ber, 
in  a  future  edition  of  these  pleasing  Tales, 
8  bo  III  d  restore  tbe  old  (jornisb  naaaes« 
wbich  Mr.  Came,  cither  for  tbe  sake  of 
mystery  or  from  some  capricious  notion  ihtt 
the  fiubititulions  were  more  eupbonious, 
has  ratbcr  strangely  altered.  Besides  tbe 
above  publications  and  two  i^ovels, — one, 
•'  A  1  tile  of  Palestine,"  and  the  other, 
•*Stratton  Hill,"  a  story  of  tbe  Civil 
War,  the  scene  of  which  is  laid  in  Corn- 
wall,— he  was  a  frequent  contributor  to 
various  periodicals,  magaxinef,  and  an- 
nuats. 

During  the  latter  part  of  bis  life  be  re- 
sidt'd  chielly  in  Penzance,  and  seldom 
quitted  it,  cxctpt  for  the  purpose  of  re- 
new ing  from  time  to  time  bis  intercourse 
v^  lib  those  literary  circles  in  which  be  bad 
moved  in  London  and  Parii,  To  his 
amiable  character  every  one  who  bas  at 
any  time  been  acquiiinted  with  bim  bears 
the  strotigcst  tebtirnony.  He  never  bad 
an  enemy,  mid  wa^  beloved  by  his  friends  ; 
whilst  bis  social  hnbits,  rendered  him  a  ge- 
neral fiivourite.  Oppressed  by  tbe  infir- 
mities of  a  premature  old  age,  he  had 
ceased  for  some  years  before  hvA  death  to 
engage  in  any  literary  pursuits;  but,  aU 
thongb  hiji  health  had  beert  visibly  de« 
dining  for  a  long  period,  we  are  not 
awurc  that  any  upprebension  w^s  enter- 
tained that  bis  disease  was  appioacbing 
its  total  termitiatioo.  He  was,  in  fact, 
preparing  to  set  out  for  the  sunny  shores 
of  the  Mediterranean,  when  be  was  siese4 
with  sbii-erinps  and  other  mortal  symp. 
toms.  Ilia  illness  in  creased  during  tne 
ensuing  night ;  but,  at  an  early  hour  the 
next  morning,  be  fell  into  a  sleep,  ap[j«- 
rently  so  sound  that  at  lir«t  it  was  con- 
sidered beneticial.  Its  long  continuance^ 
however,  alarmed  the  attendants,  and  on 
the  arrii^al  of  a  medical  gentleman  it  wai 
diHcovered  that  imj>ereepttbly,  and  thus 
nn-rcituily  apured  that  last  agony  he 
atway(i  dreaded,  bia  gentle  spirit  bad  al. 
ready  pnsftcd  to  tbe  presence  of  its  Maker* 

Mr.  C'ttrne  was  a  member  q(  Queen's 
college,  Cambridge,  at  dilTerent  dmet, 
before  and  after  his  jotim<?y  into  the 
Eatt  •  but  he  did  not  reside  lung  enough 
to  take  a  degree.  He  was  admitted  \n 
W2ii  to  Deacon's  orders  by  Bishop  Ltif. 


I 


t*ombe,  the  Chaplain  oF  out  Embassy  ut 
Paris  ;  but,  except  during  a  few  mombs' 
residence  ut  Vevtiy,  in  Switzerland^  we 
believe  he  never  officiated  as*  clerjjytniin. 

In  the  Qutnnan  of  m24  Le  was  imked 
lo  n  biffbly-accotnpttabed  and  intelJigeiit 
Judy,  Ellen,  slater  of  Mr,  Theodore  Lane 
ihe  artist,  who,  in  every  respect  worthy 
of  him,  slill  survives  to  deplore  her  ir- 
reparable loss, 

Hia  body  was  byried  in  the  family 
vault  in  Qulval  churchyard.  The  funeral 
was  private  ;  but  many  of  his  fnends 
joined  the  procession  on  its  way  to  the 
church,  una  thus  sought  to  express  at 
once  their  regurd  and  sympathy. 


omctry  of  1  hree  Dimeiitsions,  the  sheet* 
hiivitig  bet^n  printed  as  he  proceeded.  He 
was  the  chief  projector  of  the  Cambridge 
Marhematical  Jourmtl,  a  work  which  al- 
ready enjoys  a  European  repnfation,  and 
was  its  principal  contributor  till  his  deatli. 

Stjglmaykr. 
^ forth  18.  At  i\limicb,  aged  52^  Jo- 
hanii  Baptist  Stiglmayer,  director  of  the 
Royal  Foundry  of  Alnnich.  This  distin- 
guished engraver,  painter,  and  aculptorf 
carried  the  art  of  casting  metals  to  the 
highest  point  it  had  ever  reached  in  Ger- 
many. The  monuments  of  colossal  gran- 
deur for  which  the  Germans  are  indebted 
to  him  amount  in  number  to  193,  amonget 
which  figtire  in  the  tirht  rank  the  equea- 
trian  statues  of  Maximilian  1.  of  Bavaria, 
and  the  Electors,  his  predecea  or§,  which 
have  been  all  gilt ;  the  obelisk  erected  at 
Munich,  in  commemoration  of  30.000 
Bavarians  killed  in  Rnssia;  (he  st«tue* 
of  Schiller,  Jean  Rtcbter,  MoJtart,  Bect- 
liDven,  Bolivar,  (for  BoUvia,}  and  last, 
the  statue  of  Go{!ihei  who  was  the  intt- 
mate  friend  of  Stiglmayer,  and  at  the  exe- 
cution of  which  the  Latter,  although  ill, 
worked  with  so  much  ardour,  that  two 
hours  after  the  cast  was  terminated,  and 
even  before  the  mould  was  broken ,  be 
expired  in  the  arms  of  hia  assisumta. 
Some  months  previously  M,  Stiglmayer, 
although  be  then  enjoyed  excellent  bealtb, 
bad  a  sudden  presentiment  of  his  ap- 
proaching death.  From  that  moment  be 
occupied  himself  night  and  day  in  prepar- 
ing instructions  for  the  executimi  tii  bronze 
uf  the  statue  of  Bavaria,  of  which  the  ce- 
lebrated sculptor,  Schwanlbaler,  is  now 
composing  the  model,  a  monument  which 
is  to  be  68  feet  high,  and  which,  alter 
the  famous  Colossus  of  Rhodes,  will  be 
the  largest  piece  of  sculpture  which  ever 
existed,  Fortunatelyp  the  instructions 
given  by  M.  Stiglmayer  have  been  com- 
mitted to  writing.  They  are  most  com- 
plete, and  will  be  of  the  utmost  utility  to 
the  artist  to  whom  shall  be  intrusted  the 
most  gigantic  operation  of  casting  in 
bronze  this  immense  monument. 

Mil.  Nicholas  Biddle. 

Lattly,  At  his  bouse  iti  Philadelphia, 
Air.  Nicholas  Biddle,  late  President  ot 
the  United  Sutes  Bank. 

Mr.  Biddle's  career  and  character  have 
»ome  features  which  require  a  good  ded 
of  elucidation  and  disci  imi nation,  in  ordttr 
to  be  propel  1y  understood.  As  a  private 
member  of  society  he  was  one  of  the  most 
accomplished  —  most  honourable  —  most 
amiable — and  most  courteous  of  men. 
As  a  public  man,  in  the  Presidency  of 
the  United  States  Biink,  he  conducted  iti 
4  P 


CwAaLES  Loudon,  M,I>. 

Feb.  2.  At  PariSi  Charles  Loudon, 
M.D. 

Dr.  Loudon  wag  a  man  of  the  highest 
attainments,  professionally  and  otherwise, 
and  was  beloved  and  esteenicd  by  all  who 
knew  him  for  the  kindness  of  bis  heart, 
the  benevolence  of  bis  dif^position^  and 
the  amiableness  of  his  manners,  Tbe 
deceased,  who  was  only  iS  years  of  age, 
waji  married  about  15  year.^  ago  to  MibH 
Ryves,  eldest  daughter  of  the  late,  and 
sister  to  the  present,  Mr.  Ryvcs,  of 
Castle  Ryveii,  in  the  county  of  Limerick, 
He  has  left  no  family^  As  a  medical 
author,  he  ivas  chie^y  known  for  his  work 
on  population. 


DtjycAN  F.  GaEGOttY,  Esq. 
Ffb.  23.      At  Canaan  Lodge,   Edin- 
burgh, aged 30,  Duncan  FarqubarEon  Gre- 
gory,  esq<    M.A.   Fellow  and   Sub- Lec- 
turer of  Trinity  college,  Cambridgt*, 

He  w^ne  the  youngest  son  of  i be  late 
Dr.  James  Gregory  ^who  so  long  kept 
up  the  fume  of  the  University  of  Edin- 
burgh as  a  medical  school},,  and  inherited 
the  mathematiCiU  talent  of  his  ancestor, 
the  inventor  ol  the  Gregorian  telescope. 
He  graduated  B.A.  m  1837  as  5ih 
Wrangl e r ,  M.A.  1 84 L  His  i jer vo u s  gy s - 
tern  was  impaired  by  severe  study,  induc- 
ing bodily  disease,  which  proved  fatal, 
and  has  deprived  science  of  a  shinit»g  or- 
nament. His  amiable  character  will  live 
lung  in  the  beans  of  his  friends  and  ac» 
quaintances.  Happily,  science  has  still  a 
favourite  in  the  fjimily— his  brother.  Dr. 
William  Gregory,  of  King's  colkgc, 
Aberdeen,  being  acknowledged  to  be  one 
of  the  first  chemists  in  Europe,  and  as  an 
organic  chemist  not  to  be  excelled. 

^Ir,  Gregory  was  one  of  tbe  modera- 
tors of  tbe  Alatbematical  Honour  Exa- 
mination in  1842,  and  one  of  the  exami- 
ners in  1843.  He  was  auiiior  of  a  very 
sbl€  work  un  Differential  Calculus,  and 
^     l^td  got  half*way  through  another  m  Ge* 


658 


OBittTABT.— iHir.  John  So§9n^    CUrgif  Deeiomii  CJmie, 


ftfikirs,  during  the  first  jem  of  its  exist- 
ence,  with  great  skill,  integrity,  and  pru- 
dence. But  u  soon  u  the  intriguing  po- 
liticimns  of  both  parties  got  bold  of  bim, 
when  h«  wanted  a  re-cbarter,  be  weut 
astray  further  and  further,  until  tbe  instil 
tution  exploded,  and  strewed,  as  we  have 
seen,  tbe  whole  land  with  its  ruins.  It  is 
asserted  that  tbe  narrative  of  tbe  decep- 
tions and  duperies  which  have  been  prac- 
tised by  tbese  politicians  on  Mr.  Biddle, 
during  bis  career,  would  surpass  anything 
ever  written  in  any  language,  in  tbe  annals 
of  intrigue  and  corruption  ;  and  that  tbe 
recollection  of  tbese  deceptions,  practised 
on  bis  unsuspecting  nature,  constantly 
pressing  on  his  wounded  spirit,  were  tb« 
main  cause  of  bis  sudden  and  prematuro 
death.  BIr.  Biddle  baa  left  a  very  fine 
family. 


Ma.  John  Hogbab. 

Lmt§l^.  Mr.  John  Rogere,  autbor  of 
"  Anti- Popery.'* 

Mr.  Rogers  was  bom  at  St.  Keveme, 
in  Cornwall,  where  bis  ancestors  for  se- 
veral generations  bad  been  known  as  re- 
spectable farmera.  lie  was  sent  to  St. 
John's  college,  Cambridge,  but  having 
adopted  views  hostile  to  national  Churcb 
Establishments,  and,  moreover,  enter- 
taining strong  conscientious  scruples  on 
the  matter  of  subscription,  &c.  be  gave 
up  bis  intention  of  taking  ordera  in  tbe 
Church  of  England,  and  left  the  Uni- 
versity  without  a  di^gree. 

Mr.  Rogera  published  a  few  yean  ago 
a  work  directed  against  tbe  doctrines  of 
the  Church  of  Rome  under  the  extraor- 
dinary title  of  «<  The  Antipopopriestian." 
It  was  extravagantly  praised  by  the  news, 
paper  press,  for  its  powera  of  argument 
and  force  of  language :  indeed  few  au- 
tbort,  since  tbe  days  of  Tom  Coryat,  bad 
received  such  profuse  Uudations  This 
was  in  spite  of  some  eccentric  phraseo- 
logy, of  which  tbe  title  gave  intimation. 
Shortly  after,  the  same  work,  or  one  of  a 
simikr  nature,  was  published  under  tbe 
title  of  '*  Anti- Popery ;  or.  Popery  Un- 
reasonable, Unscnptural,  and  Novel.*' 
1842. 

Mr^  Rogere  bad  several  works  in  pro- 
gress, one  of  which,  entitled  **  Moral 
Freedom  and  Responsibility,**  on  which 
be  has  been  employed  for  the  last  six 
yean,  was  brought  to  a  sute  of  comple- 
tion. 

'*  Though  not  formally  connected  with 
any  religious  community,  Mr.  Rogera 
was  a  sincere  and  devout  Christian.  His 
career  has  been  closed  in  tbe  prime  of 
life  and  tbe  full  vigour  of  intellect,  bv  the 
sudden  det^opmami  of  aa  internal  dii* 


ease  of  long  standing,  which  in  m  few 
days  numbered  bim  with  the   dead."— 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Jmu  89.  At  Pembnry,  Kentv  Um  Bmf. 
Bttpktm  Woodmmf,  Vicar  of  that  pMiih, 
fourth  eon  of  the  late  WilUans  Wood^ato^ 
esq.  of  Somerbill,  Kent.  Ha  wva  of 
Trinity  college,  Oxford,  MJk.  ISOBi  aad 
was  instituted  to  his  living,  which  wan  in 
his  own  patronage,  in  I(MML 

/M.  i.  At  Ofgill,  nmt  Eywnon^ 
Cumberland,  aged  75,  thn  Bmt.  JUm 
Vieeartf  ineunbent  of  Bails. 

Fed.  5.  Aged  78,  the  Rer.  DmM 
NieholU,  of  Olandiwleot  Gannuthen. 
shire.  Vicar  of  Uanagwnd,  Cannarthwi 
shire,  to  which  he  was  collated  in  1819^ 
by  Dr.  Borgeaa,  then  Biahop  of  St.  Ik- 
vid*s.  Uis  wifa  died  two  days  bafiMnhuB, 
•ged  70. 

At  Wolveaey,  WinehesCer,  ngad  30,  thn 
Rev.  J%9um§  Sffstnton,  MJL  Ractor  of 
St.  Peter's  Cbeesehill,  and  MnBtar  of  St. 
Mary  Magdalene  Uoapital  in  that  city. 
Mr.  Stevenson  was  nephew  to  Dr.  Thnek. 
eray,  of  Cambridge.  lie  wna  of  Trinicj 
coll.  Camb.  B.A.  1625 ;  and  waa  pin. 
sented  to  St.  Peter's  in  Winchaater  ia 
1B39,  by  the  Lord  ChanceUor. 

Fe».  6.  At  Holywell,  FUntshim,  i^ 
32,  the  Rev.  Arthur  Dowmm  Gnrdbar, 
Vicar  of  that  parish,  lata  Fellow  of  Jesus 
college,  Oxford,  who  presented  Um  to 
tbe  liring  in  1837.  He  married  July  16, 
1841,  Hester  Maria,  daughter  of  Sir  John 
P.  S.  Salusbury,  of  Brynbella,  Flintobira. 

Feb.  8.  Aged  71,  the  Very  Rev.  Tkmmm 
de  Laejfj  Archdeacon  of  Meath,  to  which 
archdeaconry  he  was  appointed  in  1800. 

Feb,  10.  At  Kennington,  and  86,  thn 
Rev.  Johm  BnrreU  BloutU,  lie  was  for* 
roerly  of  St.  John's  college,  Cambridge^ 
RA.  1780,  M.A.  1783. 

At  Dumfries,  aged  34,  the  Rev.  Gleoryt 
Fleming,  M.A.,  of  Christ's  college,  Cam- 
bridge ;  sixth  and  fourth  surviving  son  of 
the  late  Rev.  John  Fleming,  M.  A.  of  RaT« 
ng9»  Westmorland.  He  took  his  B.A. 
degree  in  1837. 

Feb,\\,  At  tbe  Close,  Norwich,  a^id 
30,  tbe  Rev.  John  TkurUtw,  Vicar  of 
Hindringham,  Norfolk;  fourth  surviving 
son  of  the  Rev.  Edward  South  Tburiow, 
Canon  of  Norwich,  and  the  eldest  by  Ua 
second  wife,  Susannah,  voungeat  dangh* 
ter  of  the  Rev.  John  Love.  He  wan 
presented  to  Hindringham  by  tbe  Data 
and  Chapter  of  Norwich  in  1848. 

/^.  12.     At  Doddington,  Whin 
Salop,  the  Rev.  William  Curne, 
son  of  the  lato  Dr.  Come,  formerly  nC 
Adderley. 


1844.] 


Ckt^y  DeceaiciL 


659 


At  Rider's  WelU,  near  Lewes,  in  his 
60th  jetLTy  the  Rev.  John  LuvtoHf  Hec- 
tor of  Ovingdean^   Su$ieJC«     He  was  of 
Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  M.A,  1786, 
I  M.A-  1789,  and  was  presented  to  Oving- 
-  €eaji  in  1841  by  John  Leach  Bennett  and 
f  £dward  Conn  ford,  csqs* 

Fth,  13.     At  Lancaster,  aged  8(>,  the 

Rev,  John  Manby,  M,Am  for  tbirty-ie- 

'  Y«n  yeara  the  Vicar  ot  tbat  parish.     He 

waa  chaplain  to  his  late  R.  E.  the  Duke  of 

Sussex. 

At  DMPBborough-house,  Rtpley,  Sur- 
I  tey,  aged  15,  the  Rev.  Gtor^t  Walton 
Cnilofp,  Rector  of  Wisley  in  that  county. 
He  was  the  second  «on  of  George  Ons- 
I  low,  e«q.  of  Dunsboroii^h.  house  fdei* 
Bended  from  Lt.-Gen.  Richard  Onslow, 
brother  to  the  first  Lord  Onslow).  He 
w««  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Wialey 
In  WOG  by  the  Earl  of  Onslow.  He 
iuee«eded  hie  brother  Pooley  Onslow, 
eaq.  in  bis  estates  in  18^2.  Hu  married 
in  1800  Elisabeth,  eldeat  ditughter  of 
William  Campbell,  esri*  by  whom  he  has 
left  issue  a  numerou;^  family. 

Fe6.  I  L  Aged  74.,  the  Rev.  Thmuu 
Jaek,  R.'Ctor  of  Forncett,  Norfolk.  He 
was  forjticrty  Fallow  of  John'fi  college^ 
Cambridge^  where  be  graduated  B.A. 
1732,  as  4th  Wraogler,  M.A.  1795,  B,D. 
1804* ;  and  be  was  presented  to  Forncett 
by  that  society  in  1805. 

At  Soiithernhay,  Exeter,  aged  41^  the 
Rev.  John  Volkmd,  late  Curate  of  Hux' 
ham. 

/^6.  16.  At  his  brother's  house  in 
Bury  St.  Edmund's,  aged  27,  the  Rev. 
John  Spatke,  M.A.  Fellow  of  Clare 
hiiU,  Cambridge,  and  Curate  of  Wrawby 
cum  Briggf  Lincolnshire;  youngest  son 
of  the  iiitt;  Ezektel  Sparke,  gent.  He 
took  his  B.A.  degree  in  1638. 

Fub.  17.  At  Sedbury-hall,  Yorkshire, 
iged  73,  the  Rev.  Jokti  Qilpin,  formerly 
of  Magdalene  college,  Cambridge,  B.D. 
1807. 

Fth,  18.  Of  a^ioplexy,  the  Rev,  John 
Jmetf  Minister  of  Blnkeney,  Gloucester- 
shire. 

Fcif,  19.     At   Thrnndostonc,  Suffolk, 
aged  73,  the  Rt'V.  Nathnmet  D'Kyv,  He*s 
Cor  of  that  parish,  and  a   mugijitrutc  lor 
be  county.      He  wun  of    Gonville   and 
aitis  cotlege,    CmmbridgCp   B,A.   17fJ3, 
LA.     1796;    and     was    present cd     to 
rhrondeatonc   in    18Q0  by   8ir    Edward 
Cerrisoti. 
Ftb.  20.     At  Walworth, 
ev.   7'homa»    Qithank   A  r  \  , . ;  ^  n 
eetor  of  8t.    Mil*' 
!  was  of  St.  John 
.A.  1811,   ALA. 
iitcd  to  St«  Alddre 
n.    Af«d 


Afthur  JacktcHf  B.A.,  Vicar  of  Ricc&t» 

near  Seiby,  Yorkshire ;  late  of  Emma- 
nuel  college,  Cambridge. 

At  Brighton,  aged  36,  the  Rev-  Wil- 
liam Qilke»t  M.A.  late  of  Littiebampton, 
Sussex,  formerly  of  Hampstead  Heatb, 
Middlesex.  He  was  of  rem  broke  col. 
lege,  Oxford. 

Feb,  2'S.  At  Com  wood,  Devonshire, 
aged  73,  the  Rev-  William  Oxnam,  Vi- 
car of  that  parish.  Rector  of  St.  Petrock's, 
Exeter,  and  a  prebendary  of  Exeter.  He 
obtained  both  those  preferments  in  1803, 
having  taken  the  degree  of  M.A.  at  Ox- 
ford, where  be  was  a  member  of  Ori«l 
college,  in  1798. 

Ftb,  25.  At  Derby,  in  bis  60th  year, 
Ihe  Rev.  Ley  BrooJtti,  formerly  of  St. 
John's  eoUege,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1807. 

Fflt,  25.  At  Caistor,  Lincolnshire, 
aged  44,  the  Rev.  Georyr  Wat»onf  Vicar 
of  Caistor,  and  Rector  of  Rotbwell,  in 
that  county*  He  was  formerly  of  Bra. 
xenose  college,  Oxford.  He  was  presented 
to  the  Vicarage  of  Caistor  by  the  Rev.  W. 
F,  (now  Dr.)  Hook,  prebendary  of  Cais- 
tor,  in  1833  ;  and  to  the  Rertory  of  Roth- 
well,  by  the  Earl  of  Yarborough,  in 
1836.  He  was  a  man  of  very  sensitive 
temperament,  and  having,  in  consequence 
of  ft  slight  dispute  with  one  of  bis  parish. 
loners,  been  proceeded  aguinst  under  the 
Church  Discipline  Act,  the  issuing  of  u 
conmiission  of  inquiry,  though  merely  pre- 
liminary to  an  in  vestigation,app«ars  to  have 
affected  his  reason,  and  be  terminated  his 
existence  by  discharging  a  ^n  into  his 
mouth. 

Fiib,  96.  The  Rev.  Samm$l  Burrow*, 
Rector  of  Sheinton,  Salop,  and  58  years 
Viear  of  Higbley  in  the  same  county, 
which  was  in  bis  own  patronage. 

Ffb.  29.  At  the  GrMinmur  8ehool, 
Evesham,  aged  51,  the  Rev.  Jottph  Hmt* 
Unfff  M.A.»  Curate  of  6t.  Lawrence  In 
that  town,  und  of  Bretforton. 

March  1.  hi  Margarct-strcet,  Oiven- 
dish  sc^uare,  the  Rev.  JamM  Siorin  iAt^ 
tvr.  Vicar  of  Luddin^on,  Lincolnsbiw : 
eldest  bon  i>f  James  Lister,  esq.  of  Livir* 
pool,  late  ol  Uufti^tWet  Gnmge,  Lincoln- 
sbife.  He  was  firosented  to  nia  living  by 
hiti  father  in  IK'*K 

AfrtrcA  S.  AgHl  79,  the  Rev.  imUam 
GlaUter,  lati*  Virar  of  Kirkby  Fleet- 
ham,    Y(»if    '  ^lil:b  tienefice  be  fa- 

ilgned  ab  months  ago,  in  the 


Icuunri. 
tirwick   Union 


660 


Clergjf  Deeeaai. 


y«*c, 


mele  tnd  of  Rowington,  and  for  many 
yean  chaplain  of  the  county  giol.  He 
waf  educated  by  the  late  Rev.  Thomai 
Cotterill,  formerly  a  minuter  at  Sbeflleld, 
and  scTeial  vean  ago  held  the  station  of 
a  Church  Missionary  at  St.  John's  in 
Newfoundland.  The  sererity  of  the  cli- 
mate, however,  was  so  injurious  to  his 
health  that  he  v«*as  compelled  to  return  to 
England.  He  was  altenvards  engaged 
in  performing  clerical  duties  at  various 
places  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Warwick, 
and  particularly,  for  a  considersble  period, 
at  the  village  of  Budbrooke.  In  conse- 
Quence  of  some  dissensions,  created  by  a 
then  influential  inhabitant  of  that  parish, 
be  suddeol?  ceased  to  act  as  Curate ;  and 
tha  Rev.  John  Kendall,  Vicar  of  Bud- 
brooke,  succeeded  in  obtaining  for  him 
the  lucrative  station  of  British  Chaplain 
in  Honduras.  Here,  again,  as  in  New- 
foundland, the  climate  was  so  injurious 
to  his  health  that  he  was  soon  compelled 
to  return  to  his  native  country,  with  his 
mind  exceedingly  depressed  and  his  phy. 
aical  constitution  greatly  impaired.  From 
that  period  he  was  a  broken  .spirited  man 
—his  mental  energy  was  exhausted — his 
bodily  strength  decayed,  as  by  premature 
old  ■ge->and  his  pecuniary  circumstances 
bad  become  reduced  to  a  lamentable  state 
of  indigence.  He  became  ■  pauper,  en. 
tered  the  workhouse  in  October  last,  and 
there  died.  He  has  left  a  widow  and 
two  daughters,  who  reside  at  Lcaming- 
ton.  The  body  was  conveyed  to  St.  Kim 
cholas'  church,  and  deposited  beside  the 

Eandfather  of  the  deceased,  being  fol- 
wed  to  the  grave  by  a  brother  (Mr. 
Hugh  Laughame)  and  his  wife. 

March  10.  At  Bath,  aged  84,  the  Rev. 
John  Hemry  Mieheli,  Rector  of  Buckland 
and  Kelshall,  iierts,  and  late  Fellow  of 
King's  college,  Cambridge.  He  graduated 
B.A.  1782,  M.A.  1783,  and  was  pre- 
tented  to  his  living  by  that  societvin  1813. 

March  16.  At  Gerrans,  in  Koseland, 
Cornwall,  aged  81,  the  Rev.  Wiiliam 
Baker,  Rector  of  that  parish  for  fifty- 
three  years. 

March  18.  The  Rev.  David  Beynon, 
B.D.  Rector  of  Newbold-upon-Stour, 
WorcestcrKhire. 

March  19.  Aged  88,  the  Rev.  HWiam 
Goodalit  of  Dinton  hall,  Bucks,  and  Rec 
tor  of  Aiarsham,  Norfolk,  for  many  years 
an  arrive  mngistrnte  for  the  former  county. 

March  20.  In  SMckville.Ktreet,  St. 
James's,  aged  aO,  the  Rev.  IVilliam 
Churcht  Rector  of  Woolrtthorpc,  Lin- 
colnshire. He  was  formerly  of  Fmanuel 
college,  Cambridge,  LL.B.  1819;  and 
was  presented  to  his  living  by  the  Duke 
of  Rutland  in  1830. 

March  23,     At  Holland,  near  Wigan, 


aged  59,  the  Rev.  /oAa  Bird,  Perpetual 
Curate  of  that  chapdry,  to  which  he  was 
presented  in  1821. 

In  Jersey,  whither  he  bad  gone  for 
the  recovery  of  bis  health,  aged  63,  the 
Rev.  BobtrtJonn,  D.D.  Vicar  of  Bed- 
font,  Middlesex,  to  which  living  be  waa 
collated  by  the  present  Archbishop  How- 
ley,  then  Bishop  of  London,  in  1823. 

AforcA  24.  At  Ufford,  Northampton- 
shire, aged  85,  the  Rev.  Bohtri  Bmm, 
Rector  of  that  parish,  and  of  Stocfcerston, 
Leicestershire.  He  was  formerly  Fellow 
of  St.  John*s  college,  Cambridge,  where 
he  graduated  B.  A.  I784as8th  Wrangler, 
.M.A.  1787,  and  B.D.  179&;  be  was  in- 
stituted to  Stockerston  in  1793,  and  to 
Ufford  in  1806:  the  latter  in  the  gift  of 
bis  college. 

Aged  62,  the  Rev.  John  Jomea,  LL.B. 
of  PenyUin,  Cardiganshire,  and  Rector  of 
LUinvymach  cum  Penarth,  Pembrokeab. 

March  25.  At  Greenock,  the  Rev. 
^.  Smith,  Chaplain  of  the  SeamenliFMend 
Society. 

March  26.  At  Nonvich,  aged  68,  tbe 
Rev.  FrtmciM  Howea,  Minor  Canon  of 
Nomich,  and  Rector  of  Alderford  and 
Framliiigham  Pigott,  Norfolk,  and  of 
Wickham  Skeith,  Suffolk.  He  ¥ra8  of 
Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  where  be 
took  the  degree  of  B.A.  in  1798,  as  lltb 
Wrangler.  He  gained  the  Members*  prize 
in  1799,  and  proceeded  B.A.  in  1801.  He 
published  in  1806  **  Miscellaneous  Poe- 
tical Translations,'*  and  in  1809  ••  Tbe 
Satires  of  Persius,  translated,  with  Notes.* 
He  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Wick- 
ham Skeith  in  J809,  appointed  a  Minor 
Cunon  of  Norwich  in  1814,  and  presented 
to  tbe  rectory  of  Alderford  in  1826,  and 
to  that  of  Framlingham  Pigott  in  1829,  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Norwich. 

March  27.  At  tbe  Cloughs,  near  New- 
castle-under- Lyme,  aged  81 ,  the  Rev.  Jokm 
Batnett. 

March  29.  At  the  residence  of  bis 
friend  Dr.  Day  in  Southwick-street,  tbe 
Rev.  Charlet  WodMworth,  a  Prebendary 
of  St.  Paul's,  Vicar  of  Audley,  Sufford. 
shire,  and  Chaplain  to  Viscount  Palmer- 
ston.  He  was  of  Pembroke  college, 
Cambiiilge,  B.A.  1814.  M.A.  1817, waa 
collated  to  the  prebend  of  Portpool  in  tbe 
cathedral  churth  of  St.  Paul's  in  1828, 
was  presented  by  tbe  Lord  Chancellor  in 
1R34  to  the  vicarage  of  Hardingstone, 
Northamptonyliire,  which  lie  resigned  in 
1842  for  the  vicaraf;e  of  Audley.  In  1827 
wc  find  Mr.  Wods worth  Alternate  Preacher 
of  St.  George's,  Camberwell,  Afternoon 
Lecturer  of  St.  Jobn'g,  Westminster,  and 
Chaplain  to  Earl  Harcourt. 

At  Caythorpe,  Lincolnshire,  aged  53, 
the  Rev.  Otoryc  Woodcock,   Rector  of 


iai4.] 


Clergy  Deceased. 


mi 


that  p«risb.  He  was  of  Emanuel  college, 
Cttmbridge,  B.A.  1S13,  M.A.  1816,  and 
wa§  preseiJtt'rt  to  (■Jiythorpe  in  lb26. 

March  29,  At  HastkjKs,  aged  32,  tbc 
lUv.  Edward  Rtteiep  Mit/ord,  late  Cu- 
rate of  Li  tile  Wirk^yi  \Vorcester*hiiv, 
He  vvtts  tbe  fiftb  and  youiigei^t  son  of  John 
Mitford,  eijq.  of  Exbury,  and  brother-in- 
law  to  tbe  Rev*  Christopher  Benson, 
Clin  oil  of  Worcester.  He  was  of  Je*»us' 
college,  Caoi bridge,  B.A,  1935,  M,A. 
183—. 

At  ifegbourn,  Liucolnsbire,  aged  lo, 
Cbe  Rev.  Raifert  Powtey. 

March  30.  In  Judd-pluce  EMSt,  aged 
7a,  tbc  Rev.  John  Quarmtjton,  B.D, 
Vicar  iif  Shopland,  Essex,  to  wbieh  be 
was  instituted  in  180'i,  tbe  patron nge 
be i ng  i n  bi $1  0 irvn  fa m ily .  lie  \va h  of  Pein * 
broke  col  lege »  Oxford,  M.A.  Mnrrli  I, 
1808,  B.D.  July  16  following. 

March  3L  At  llublwrstone,  Pem- 
brokesbire,  aged  89,  tbe  Rev.  /,  W,  Jonctf 
Rector  of  tbat  paris-b. 

Lately,  Tbe  Rev.  JVimam  Buihe, 
Recror  of  Sr.  George**  parish,  Dublin. 

At  Swanlinbar,  tbe  Rev.  UitUamGrut' 
(an^  of  Sylvan  Part  and  nLftslort,  co. 
Meatb. 

Tbe  Rev.  Charks  Hami/ton,  M.A. 
Rector  o*  St.  John'^,  Sligo  (in  ibegiR  of 
Trinitv  eolb^ge,  DuMii*). 

At  Bbiekrock,  ii^ed  41,  ibc  Rev.  7\ 
Jones,  Rector  of  Rail  inn  sloe. 

At  bis  residence,  nerir  Tredegar  Iron- 
Works,  aged  83.  tl:e  Rev.  Jh  Prke,  for 
fifty  years  Curate  of  Gttainypound  cbd- 
pel,  Bed  well  ty. 

At  Corvick,  aged  79,  the  Rev.  John 
Story,  D.l>.  Chancellor  of  tbe  dioee»e  of 
ClogbiT. 

Aitrii  2.  At  Bidcford,  Dcvonsbire, 
■getf  68.  the  Rev.  Wtiliam  Waiter.  Rec- 
tor of  tbat  parish.  He  was  of  St.  Peter's 
college,  Carobridjfc,  Al.A.  11^07, and  wu» 
presented  to  Bideford  in  1813  by  L.  W. 
Buck,  esq. 

JptU  3.  At  Eflingbain,  Nortbum* 
berland,  the  Ven.  Edward  ThwHfjs  Bigge^ 
M.A.  Arebdeacon  of  L:tndi»fMrne  and 
Vicar  of  Eglingbam,  third  noii  of  Cbailcs 
Wni.  Big^e,  CFq.  of  Liudon,  in  that 
county.  He  was  of  Mertoucullege,  Ox- 
ford, waft  collated  to  tbe  vtCHftige  of  Eg- 
Ijngham  \n  IH37  by  tlie  Bit^bupoi  Durham, 
and  appointed  the  first  Arehdeacort  of 
LundiBtarne. 

April  4.  At  Market  Street,  Hert?*, 
aged  70,  tbe  Rev.  John  Whetldon,  M.A. 
who  Lad  been  tbe  Mini»iter  of  that  cbupel 
for  thirty- five  year^.  He  wsis  son  of  the 
Rev.  John  Wheeldon,  Rector  of  Wheat* 
fiamstettd  with  Harpernlcn  in  ihnteaurity, 
fnid  grent'iiephew  of  Dr.  Green,  farmrrly 


Master  of  Corpus  Cbristi  college,  Com* 
bridge,  and  Bishop  of  Lincoln.  He  wat 
one  of  those  guileiefis  and  single. tn in ded 
characters  who  secure  tbe  sincere  respect 
and  regard  of  all  who  know  then). 

Aprii  6.  Jn  St.  Margaret's,  Ipswich, 
aged  40,  tbe  Rev.  Franciu  Cobbold,  Rec- 
tor of  Henley,  Suffolk.  He  was  tbe 
fourth  son  of  John  Cobbuld,  esq.  of  the 
Cliff,  Ipswich ;  waa  of  Gon%'illeand  Caius 
college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1627,  M.A. 
18!^;  and  for  several  years  Curate,  and 
afterwards  Inctimbent,  of  St.  Marf 
Tower^  Ip«wicbf  to  which  he  was  elected 
by  tbe  parishioncri  in  l>i3I. 

At  Chesterfield,  aged  82,  the  Rev. 
Edward  Heatkcofe^  turmerlyof  St.  John't 
college,  Cambridge;  B.A.  I7&i,  M,  A. 
1787. 

April  7.  Aged  S-K  tbe  Rev.  Ckrith- 
pher  Stangroom  Butthy  Incumbent  of  the 
new  church  at  Weston  Point,  Cheshire, 
erected  by  tbe  trustees  of  the  Weaver 
Navigation,  lie  waft  of  St,  Catharine 
hall,  Ciitnbridge,  B.A.  1835,  and  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  cbtirch  at  Weston  Point 
in  Oct.  184'!,  bii\nn(;  Wen  previouily  in- 
cumbcnt  of  Lower  Pcover,  lie  died  from 
erysip^'las,  tbe  consequence  of  a  severe 
cold  caught  in  rctnniing  from  Ijatcbford, 
where  he  bud  performed  tbe  whole  duty, 
and  preached  twice.  He  bus  left  a  wife 
(confined  oii  the  following  day  with  her 
Irftb  child)  and  an  infant  family  in  destitute 
circumstances. 

April  8.  A«ed  38,  the  Rev.  Rigger 
BasH,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Austrey,  War- 
uickshire.  He  wa«  of  Trinity  college, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1&30 ;  and  was  pre- 
sented to  Austrey  by  the  Lord  Chancellor 
in  1839. 

April  9.  Tbe  Rev,  Richard  Leach, 
Rector  of  Manorbier,  Pembrokeshire,  He 
WHS  of  Christ's  college,  Cambridge,  B  A. 
1783,  M.A.  1790;  and  was  presented  Co 
hi^  living  in  I79i  by  that  society. 

At  Kew,  aged  51,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Whiltf  M.A.,  Rector  of  Claugbton,  near 
Lancaster,  and  Chaplain  of  tbe  Gold- 
smiths* Alms-bouseA  at  Acton,  Middle- 
sex, He  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of 
Claughton  in  J813. 

Apntlo.  At  Ledborough,  Yorkshire, 
aged  85,  the  Rev.  Th<mat  Bainlridgc, 
M.A.,  formerly  Rector  of  Addle tborpe, 
Linrutnshire*  to  which  be  was  preaenicd 
in  180^  by  the  King. 

At  Ki Din;; holme,  Lincolnshire,  aged 
\i4,  the  R<-v.  Sitmurt  Bgrtm^  for  fifty, 
two  years  Vir.tr  of  Keclby,  near  emptor, 
and  (or  two  years  Vicar  of  KiUinghoIme 
with  Habrough.  He  ttna  of  M  tgdalcne 
college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  17!^,  as  4(b 
Junior  Optiine,  5L  A.  1780;  was  pre. 


683 


Obitvabt. 


'XllBMy 


•entod  to  Kee%  in  1792  by  Lord  Yar. 
boroagfa,  and  to  Killingbolme  by  the  nnro 
patron.  He  was  brotner  to  tbe  late  Ben. 
^unin  Byron,  M.D.  of  Caittor  and  of 
Lincoln. 

AprU  U.  At  Kibwortfa,  Leioetter- 
Aire,  agwl  40,  tbe  Bar.  WUlUm  Ri^ketU, 
Eector  of  tbat  pariab,  and  late  Fellow  of 
Blerton  college,  Oxford.  He  wis  pre- 
tmted  to  the  rcatorv  of  Kibworth  by  that 
flodetT,  onthedeatn  of  tbe  Rev.  Jamea 
Bereatord,  in  IB—.  His  brotber,  Gatew 
BfUdmay  Ridcetts,  esq.,  died,  at  tbe  aaase 
place,  on  tbe  following  day,  aged  50. 

At  Gatcombe,  Isle  of  Wight,  i^  88, 
the  RcT.  Htmry  Worthy ,  Rector  of  tbat 
place,  and  St.  Lawrence,  and  of  Wolver- 
ton,  Hamnshire;  to  the  first  of  which 
churches  he  was  instituted  in  1801,  to 
Wolrerton  in  1801,  and  to  St.  Lawrence 
in  181S. 

Jpril  15.  At  Shobden,  Herefordshire, 
and  72,  the  Rev.  Jatmet  Thomat  Allen ^ 
Keetor  of  that  parish,  to  which  he  was 
pres^ted  in  1812  by  W.  Hanbury,  esq. 

April  16.  Aged  69,  the  Rev.  Franeit 
Be$t,  Rector  of  South  Dalton,  near  Bever- 
ley, YorlLshire.  He  was  formerly  of 
Claiehall,  Cambridge,  B. A.  1797,  M.A. 
1803,  and  was  presented  to  his  living  in 
1802  by  LordHotbam. 

The  Rev.  Charlet  Boston,  D.D.,  Vicar 
and  Rector  of  TuUyagnish,  in  the  dioc^e 
of  Raphoe,  (ann.  value  1 ,800/.^  in  the  pa- 
tronage of  Trinity  college,  Dublin,  of 
which  he  was  formerly  a  Fellow,  and  an 
able  champion  of  the  Orange  party. 


DEATHS. 

'LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 

Jan.  29.  Suddenly,  at  the  Army  and 
Navy  Club,  aged  53,  Major  William 
Henry  Rutherford,  unattached,  late  of  the 
88th  Regt. 

April  5.  At  Walworth,  aged  32,  Charles 
D.  Kendall,  esq. 

April  G.  At  Putney,  aged  7H,  Richard 
Lee,  esq.  formerly  resident  in  Bury. 

April  11.  At  Maze-hill,  Greenwich, 
aged  K4,  Anne,  relict  of  Thomas  Bell,  esq. 

April  \2.  Rachel -Louisa  Reeves,  of 
Portland-pl.  Clapham-road,  third  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  Jonathan  Reeves,  of  West 
Ham,  Essex,  and  sister  of  the  late  Rev. 
Jonathan  Reeves,  late  Fellow  of  King's 
college,  Cambridge. 

April  :i\.  At  the  residence  of  his  son- 
bi-law  Mr.  Thomas  Strickland,  aged  75, 
Mr.  Charles  Thomson,  Editor  of  **  Bar- 
rctti's  Italian  Dictionary,*'  &c. 

April  14.  In  Mecklenburgh-sq.  Eliza- 
beth, wife  of  John  Edye,  esq.  F.R.S. 
Assistant- Surveyor  of  her  Majesty's  Navy. 


Stanley-Edwin,  fon  of  Bfr.  8.  E.  Radd, 
of  Camden  Town,  and  grandson  of  the 
late  Major  Rudd,  of  Sheemeas  Garriaoa. 

In  Albion  Ghxrre,  Islington,  aged  €8, 
lient.  W.  Eldridge,  R.N. 

April  le.  In  St.  John's  Wood-terr. 
Susannah,  widow  of  Capt.  Saunders,  41st 
Foot. 

April  17.  Aged  70,  Sarah- WDls,  widow 
of  Samuel  Welb,  esq.  Paymaster  of  tbe 
10th  Royal  Hussars. 

In  Chester-terr.  Regent's-park,  aged 
89,  Jessy,  wife  of  John  P.  Feanm,  esq. 

April  18.  At  Camden  VUlas,  agad  51, 
much  respected,  Benjamin  Hopldnaon, 
eaq.  solicitor,  late  of  Red  Lion-aq.  He 
was  appointed  Under  Sheriff  to  Mr.  Moon 
last  October,  but  was  obliged  to  retbre  on 
account  of  ill  health.  He  was  one  of 
the  Council  of  the  Literary  Fund  Society. 

April  19.  In  Sloane-st.  aged  78,  Ben- 
jamin Oakley,  esq.  formerly  of  tbe  Stock 
Exchange.  He  had  resided  at  varioss 
times  at  Clapham-common,  Taviatock- 
aquare,  and  Beckenham.  His  litefary 
tastes  were  ardently  cultivated  tbroogb 
life ;  and  his  intercourse  with  artists  and 
authors  was  as  cordial  as  it  was  general. 
With  the  pen  and  the  pencil  he  was  him- 
self familiar;  and  we  have  a  handsome 
volume,  embellished  by  both,  and  printed 
for  him  for  private  circulation  by  his 
son-in-law,  Mr.  James  Moyes,  the  late 
eminent  printer.  Mr.  Oakley  was  many 
years  Auditor  of  the  Literary  Fund  So- 
ciety. 

At  Blackheath,  in  his  80th  year,  the 
Hon.  Henry  Legge,  barrister-at-law,  and 
a  Bencher  of  the  Middle  Temple,  fifth 
and  last  surviving  son  of  William  second 
Earl  of  Dartmouth,  and  uncle  to  tbe 
present  Earl.  He  was  called  to  the  bar 
at  the  Middle  Temple  Jan.  29,  1790 ;  and 
was  formerly  a  Commissioner  of  the  Navy, 
and  a  Director  of  Greenwich  Hospital. 

April  20.  In  Ladbrokc-grove,  Not- 
ting-hill,  aged  48,  George  Smith  Addison, 
esq.  late  of  Offham,  Kent. 

in  Park-st.  Grosvenor-sq.  aged  76,  Miss 
Anne- Catharine  Pack,  only  sister  of  the 
late  Major  Gen.  Sir  Denis  Pack,  K.C.B. 

In  Brompton-cresc.  in  her  77th  year, 
Mrs.  Gedge,  relict  of  Robert-Harvey 
Gedge,  esq.  of  Sloanc-st.  Chelsaa. 

April  'i2.  Aged  79,  Mr.  John  Pitts,  of 
Great  St.  Andrew-st.  For  nearly  halif  a 
century  he  catered  for  the  popular  taste 
by  printing  ballads,  horrid  murders,  won- 
derful tales,  last  dying  speeches,  &c.  In 
early  life  he  followed  the  business  of  a 
baker,  to  which  trade  he  served  his  time ; 
subsequently  he  was  employed  by  a  printer 
in  extensive  business  in  Aldermanbury, 
who  at  that  period  printed  tbe  songs  for 


]d44.] 


OsiTirAJtT. 


603 


r 


the  street  TOeaiiitt.  At  hU  masier^d  death, 
having  amaswd  some  prot>erty,  be  started 
iti  the  game  buBineaSt  &Q(i  ff^r  many  years 
monopolised  the  whole  of  the  itreet  pub- 
Ibhlag,  uutil  the  trial  of  Queen  Caroline, 
vhen  the  late  Mr.  Jamos  Catnach  ap- 
l^eared  at  a  comiii^titor.  By  publishing 
that  trial  these  rival  firinters  realiied 
ieveral  thousand  pounds  each.  About 
this  time  he  lost  bis  sight,  after  which  his 
•ense  of  feeling  was  ao  acntc^  that  he 
could  immediately  detect  coimterfeit  bank 
notea  or  coins,  and  maJce  his  way  to  any 
part  of  the  bouse,  and  supply  the  wants  of 
cuAtomers  without  assitrtance.  So  averse 
he  to  the  credit  system ^  that  on  the 
SBcdpt  of  goods  he  iaTariably  paid  the 
'^moimt  iu  cash,  never  dritwtug  a  ebeck  for 
any  oreditor. 

In  London,  aged  6i,  Mr.  James  Lee, 
late  of  Bath,  coach  proprietor,  and  for 
many  years  connected  with  tho  York 
House,  Bath,  day  coaches  to  Swindon  and 
Oxford.  He  was  an  out-peusioner  of 
Chelsea  Bospital.  At  the  time  of  the 
reduction  of  the  army,  be  waa  a  Sergeant* 
Major  of  the  i^3rd  liancers*  which  regiment 
was  disbanded.  In  I  HOI  he  fierred  in 
Egypt  under  Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  and 
was  one  of  those  who  conveyed  the  General 
to  the  ship  of  Lord  Keith,  the  Admiral, 
where  he  expired.  He  afterwards  assisted 
to  carry  the  body  to  burial  near  La  Valetta, 
in  Malta*  The  deceased  also  served  iu 
many  of  the  campaigns  of  thf*  Dtike  of 
Wellington,  and  at  Waterloo  had  two 
boreea  ihot  under  bim^  from  the  iirti  of 
which  he  severed  the  foot,  and  had  it  con- 
verted into  a  snuif-box,  with  silver  horse- 
shoe and  nails,  silver  lid,  ike.  which  he 
presented  to  Mr.  Rt  illy,  the  proprietor  of 
the  York  House,  Bath.  The  Egyptian 
and  Waterloo  medals  are  pretSfTea  in  the 
family. 

^!rU  93,  la  Graham -St.  PimUco,  aged 
45,  Samuel  Oliver,  esq.  the  sixth  ajid  only 
surviving  son  of  the  late  Rev.  G.  B.  Oliver, 
Vicar  of  Bd grave,  near  Leicester,  and  of 
Giyndc,  Sussex. 

At  East  H«>usc,  Kennington,  aged  26, 
Nehemiah-Jojuca,  eldest  son  of  James 
RoUsi  esq,  of  iC«nningtoa-hme» 

At  Hatnpstoad,  Anna,  seeond  din*  of 
the  late  John  WoltattOQ,  esq. 

April "ih.  In  CadogBU>«t,  Chelsea,  aged 
70,  Nichohts  Ctoak,  esq,  late  Surgeon  of 
the  a8th  Foot.  He  had  charge  of  a  past 
hospital  at  Malta  during  the  plague  in  1816. 

April  '26.  At  Stoke  Ncwington»  Henry 
Shackell,  esq*  eolieitor,  of  Tokenhouse* 
yard, 

lo  Vemon-pl.  Bloom sbury-sq.  Prances, 
third  dau.  of  the  late  John  Watkint,  esq. 
and  sister  of  the  late  Rev.  J.  U.  WatkinSj 
of  SUlttdf  fiiiez. 


^prilTl,  la  Green-st.  Park- bine,  Lady 

George  Murray.  She  was  dan*  of  the  lata 
Lieut. -Gen,  Francis  Grant,  was  born 
Aug.  £>,  17G5,  and  married  Dec.  18, 1790| 
Lord  George  Murray  (the  late  Bishop  of 
St.  David-s),  uncle  of  the  present  Duk<j 
of  Atboll,  by  whom,  who  died  in  Iy03, 
&he  had  issue  the  present  Bishop  of  Roches- 
ter^  the  late  Countess  of  Ilcbester,  Lady^ 
Frankland  Russell ,  Hon*  Miss  Murray, 
Maid  of  IIdtiout  to  the  Queen,  and  seveiid 
other  children. 

At  Kensington,  Mrs*  M.  R*  Wynnei 
widow  of  George  Wynne,  esq,  of  Tufie 
HilL 

In  Panton-st.  Haymarkct^  aged  51, 
John* Allan  Wright,  esq.  late  of  Darling* 
ton,  Dnrham,  Lieut.  R.N. 

At  Maze -bill,  Grcenwich^pai'k,  aged 
77 1  Richard  Gott,  escj,  eldest  son  of  the 
late  Sir  Henry.Thomas  Gott,  of  Newltnd- 
park,  Bucks. 

At  Frognal,  Hampstead,  aged  31 ,  EmmSt 
wife  of  WiUiam  James  Pergmon,  eaq. 

Aged  43,  Samuel  Brand,  eaq.  of  Red- 
cross-street,  Surgeon  to  the  City  Police 
Poroe, 

Jprit^^.  At  the  residence  of  her  father, 
Sir  Robert  Frankland  RusseU,  Bart,  in 
Cavendtsh-sq*  the  Right  Hon*  Augusta- 
Louisa,  Lady  Waliingham.  She  was  the 
eldest  daughter  of  Sir  R*  F*  Roasell  by 
Lonisa-Anne,  daughter  of  Lord  George 
Murray,  Bishop  of  St.  David*«)  and  grand*- 
daughter  of  the  lady  whose  death  is  above 
recorded. 

At  the  house  of  his  sister  Mrs*  Bailey, 
Somerstown,  aged  71,  John  Robeon,  esq* 
formerly  of  Great  Marlborough -st. 

Elisabeth,  wife  of  Adam  Dennis,  esq* 
of  Marsh  Hill,  Homerton* 

Harriett,  wiJFeof  Geofge-Oiitram  Wool- 
ley,  esq.  of  Kensington  Gore, 

April  29.  In  Dartmouth^^grove,  Blaek- 
heath,  aged  41,  Maria-Anna,  wife  of 
Henry  Willooghby,  eaq. 

In  Cold  Harbour- lane,  Camberfrell^ 
aged  *)1 ,  Martha,  widow  of  Joseph  Bee- 
vers,  esq.  of  St.  Thomas's  Hoepital. 

In  Upper  Park-st.  Islington,  aged  8.^, 
Andrew  Grieve,  esq*  late  of  the  Hon.  Batt 
India  Company's  Service. 

April  30.  In  Wilton  creioent,  aged  29, 
Emma,  yonngeat  daur  of  the  lale  George 
Marx,  esq. 

In  Wilton-pl.  aged  6,  the  Hon.  Caro- 
line-Geo  rgina  de  Montmoreney*  daughter 
of  Viscount  Frankfort. 

Moy  4.  In  Chester-terr,  aged  n,  Bdig 
Parke, 

May  G.  Aged  41,  Robert  Morrell ; 
aged  37 ,  Thomaa  Palmer  Morrell,  esq.  sons 
of  the  late  Lieut.-Col*  Robert  Morrell,  of 
the  Bengal  Army. 

In   Hiuu-plftce,   Slotae-it.   ^ged  44, 


664 


ObituahiT. 


[June, 


Harriet,  widow  of  Major  John  Hull,  of 
the  Bengal  Nat.  Iuf« 

In  Dyer's'buildings.  Holbom,  oged  64, 
G«orgc  Daniel  Weile,  esq. 

May  @.  In  KenslngtoQ^lerrace,  aged  T0| 
Katharine,  wiUow  o\  the  Rev.  Dr.  Rice, 
of  St  Lnkc^B,  Finsbury. 

Aged  19,  Archer-Croft,  second  son  of 
Archer  Ryliind,  eaq,  harriBter-iit-law.  He 
was  accidentally  drowaed  Dear  Pt&tney- 
bridgc. 

lo  Baker -»t.  Portnian-sq,  aged  50, 
Frederick  Franks,  cuy, 

tn  Gowcr-at.  Bcdford-sq.  aged  78| 
Kalhanict  Saxon,  ei»q. 

Muy  9.  In  Ta*istock*8q.  Emma-Fran- 
cet,  2nd  dan.  of  the  iatc  Edward  Bigg,  esq. 

In  Adelaide-pL  London  Bridge,  aged 
B5,  Richard  Clark,  esq.  formerly  of  the 
East  India  House. 

jifrty  10.  At  Elm  GroTe,  North  Road, 
aged  V2,  Cfttliarine,  rtUct  of  Major 
Vowell,  of  the  e8th  Regt.  third  dan.  of 
the  late  Charles  Majcwell,  esq.  of  Dais- 
wjnton,  near  Dumfries. 

Ill  Gloaocaterttfrr.  Kensington,  Mrs. 
Catharine  M.  Bisset,  widow  of  the  late 
Dr.  Bisaet,  antborof  the  '*  Life  of  Burke,** 
dec.  who  died  in  1805  (aee  Gent.  Mag. 
LXXY.  4^)  ;  and  alster  to  the  Into  Alex* 
ander  Ramiay  Robinaon,  of  Sheffield 
bontCt  Kensington* 

At  Norwood,  aged  B9,  John  DLion, 
C5q.  of  Chancery  Lane. 

In  Walcot -terrace,  Lambeth,  aged  79, 
John  Kerbhaw,  esq. 

Jllii^  11.  In  Brnwnlow-st.  aged  Gtf, 
Wflliam-JohiJttone  White,  Engraver  and 
iPrinteclkr,  and  a  member  of  the  Gold- 
amiths'  Company- 

May  12.  lo  Cpper  Eaton -st.  Pimlico, 
aged  74,  Mrs.  Mary  Bcnard,  widow  of 
iQexandcr- Vincent  Benard,  c»q.  of  St, 
Jamea*a  Palace. 

At  Denmark -biU,  aged  91,  John  Gtit- 
teridge,  eiq.  He  wa^  oneof  tfaefonndera 
of  the  Sunday  School  Society,  and  for 
more  than  half  a  txntnry  a  aealonii  pro- 
moter of  variou*.  retigioujs  and  benevolent 
institutions ;  among  which  may  be  named 
the  Baptist  Fund,  Stepney  CoDcge,  the 
Baptiit  Mission,  the  Widows'  Fnnd,  and 
the  Dissenting  Deputies. 

Mary,  widow  of  Capt.  Henry  Burgcs, 
of  the  East  India  Company's  Service. 

May  14.  In  Gotdeu-sq.  aged  75,  Ro- 
bert Hills,  eaq. 

At  the  Monnt,  Hampstead,  aged  78, 
Henry  White,  eftq.  He  was  a  resident  at 
Hampstead  all  his  life,  and  much  re- 
ppected. 

Afoy  15*    At  Claphani,  Cordelia-Anne, 
relict  of  John  Wyatt  Dobbs,  esq.  of  Nor- 
^(^«  Middlesex. 
_MK»*.—Apr%l  14.    Aged  35,  FrtDcea* 
13 


Ssrah,  the  wife  of  Edward  Burrj  eaq.  of 
Dunstable. 

May  4,  At  Bedford,  agtd  69,  Eliza- 
beth, relict  of  George  Maidman,  esq. 

Mgy  11.  At  Bedford,  aged  75 ,  Charles 
Short,  eaq. 

Be  RICH. —3/arcA  7.  At  Abingdon^ 
aged  32,  Mr.  George  Stanton,  sou  of  the 
late  Rev.  John  Stanton,  Rector  of  Scald- 
well,  and  Vicar  of  MouUon,  co.  Nun, 

April  2.  Louisa,  wife  of  Silas  Palmer, 
esq.  of  Newbury. 

April  9*  At  Langley  House,  in  his 
25th  year,  Thoa.  Nash,  esq.  of  Upton  Lee. 

Jfnil  2A.  At  Windsor,  aged  8.1, 
Sophia.Eli^abeth,  relict  of  Mr.  Chriatian 
Kellner.  She  was  lineally  descended 
from  Martin  Luther,  the  great  champion 
iu  the  cause  of  Protestantism  in  Germany, 
from  which  circumstance,  during  the  life- 
time of  her  late  Majesty,  Queen  Char, 
lotte,  she  was  honoured  with  particular 
notice  and  regard. 

May  5.  At  West  Milk,  Newbury, 
aged  91,  Mrs.  Slocock,  relict  of  Samuel 
Siocock,  esq. 

Bucks —Z^/eAy.  At  Chesham,  aged 
29,  Jane,  wift:  of  the  Rct,  Osborne  Rey- 
nolds, Curate  of  Chesham. 

May  .1.  Aged  70,  Elixabctb,  wife 
of  Samuel  Luck  Kent,  esq*  of  High 
Wycombe, 

CAMBRiDOK.^AfffreA  18*  At  Cam- 
bridge, aged  69,  Mr,  W^illiam  Swaon,  nno 
of  the  Aldermen  of  that  borough. 

April  17.  At  Cambridge,  aged  9^ 
Agnes,  second  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Ainslie,  Master  of  Pembroke  college. 

May  14,  At  Barnwell  rectory,  aged  SJ, 
Mary,  wife  of  the  Rev.  R.  M,  Boulthee^J 

CHEaHiRE. — April  25.  At  Traifon 
Hall,  Mary,  only  dau.  of  the  late  Rev,  R. 
Perryn,  Rector  of  Standisb,  Lancashire. 

Co&NWALL. — April    11.      At    Laun- 
ceaton,  aged  75,  Annej  wife  of  Corynd 
Rowe,  esq.  M.D* 

April  LA.  At  Truro,  aged  S9,  David, 
third  sou  of  the  Rev.  Hugh  Rogers, 
Hector  of  Camborne. 

CuMDEiiLiiNi). — March  3.  At  Black- 
well,  near  Carlisle,  aged  81,  Mrs.  Nancy 
Dakton,  widow  of  the  **  brave  Jwohnnf'' 
Dalston,**  mentioned  in  Anderson's  wei 
known  ballad  of  "  Bleckell  Murry-Nevt.' 
She  was  the  "  douae  dapper  landlady"* 
of  the  village  inu  nearly  sixty  years. 

De vox, —Fed.  2G.'  At  DunkesweU 
near  Honiton,  in  her  7  th  year,  Sarah* 
EliitabetL,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Rev*  ^^ 
James  jjfemple  Mansel,  Curate  of  Dunkca-  // 
well  and  Sheldon. 

April  2.     At   Barn    Park,    Marwood, 
North  Devon,   in  her  H9tlj  year,   Sarah 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Mules,   M  J 
Ttcar  of  Stapleford  aad  Pampiaford, 


Obituabt* 


CAmb*  and  thd  last  Bumrinf  grandctiild 
of  the  Rev.  Clement  Torkje,  D.D.  for- 
merly of  St,  Ptturs  School^  London,  tnd 
Prebendarj  of  Ely. 

Aprii  13.  At  Ashbartoiif  Solomon 
To2«r,  esq.  who  for  many  years  carried 
on  aa  extenBire  woollen  mAnufactory  m 
tJuit  town. 

April  17.  At  Chulmleigh,  Elizabeth 
Non-ish,  wife  of  John  C.  Davy,  esq. 

April  29.  At  Great  Torrin^on,  aged 
33^  Henry,  youngest  son  of  C«pt.  I^, 
Ai^utant  to  the  North  Devon  Yeomanry. 

LaiHif,  At  her  residence  at  Sidmouthr 
aged  82,  the  Right  Hon.  Anne- Jane  dow- 
iKer  Lady  Audley.  She  woj  the  eldest 
daugbrer  of  the  late  Vice -Ad  m.  Str  Rosa 
Donnelly,  K.C.B.,  was  married  in  1816, 
and  left  «  widow  in  1837{»  baring  had 
iasue  the  present  Lord  Audley^  three 
other  sons,  and  two  daughters. 

Ma\f  5.  At  Lympatone,  aged  IP,  K\* 
fred< William,  yonngett  and  laat  surviving 
son  of  Samuel  E.  CUrkf  esq.  late  of 
llfracombe. 

Ma^f  6.  At  (jhantry,  Xfonkleighj 
Emily^  ^rife  of  Lieut.  Joseph  Pyke,  R.N. 

At  Conrtlsnda,  aged  65,  the  Right 
Hon.  Julia,  BaroneM  of  Lecale.  In 
180R  nbe  married  Lord  Charles  James 
Fitxgeratd,  third  son  of  James  first  Duke 
of  Leinster,  created  in  the  following  year 
Baron  Lecale,  a  title  which  be  only  en- 
Joyed  for  a  year  after  his  creation,  for  he 
died  in  1810.  She  was  widow  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Carton  previously  to  marrying 
Lord  Cbarlea* 

May  7.  At  his  seat^  Colehotise*,  aged 
89,  William  Adair,  Esq* 

May  9.  At  Bampton,  aged  47.  Jane, 
wife  of  T.  Langdon,  esq,  surgeon,  and 
dan.  of  the  late  Charles  Edwards ,  esq.  of 
Chard. 

May  Ui.  Aged  53,  Francis  Searle, 
eso.  of  the  Devon  and  Cornwall  Bank. 

At  Hill  Court,  Exeter,  Uarriet,  third 
dan.  of  the  late  Ret*  S.  F.  Paul,  Vicar 
of  Tetbury,  Gloucestersh. 

Mmy  19.  At  EUeter,  the  wife  of  Fred. 
Qrangei",  esq.  M.D. 

Maff  14.  At  SeatoD,  aged  53,  Jobn 
Tanner r  ew). 

DonsBT. — M«y  5,  At  Shaflesbnry, 
aged  33,  John-Fredetick,  eldest  son  of 
t£e  late  Rev.  John  MtlU  Vicar  of  Co«tp- 
ton  Dundon,  Somerset. 

May  10.  At  ShiUingstone,  at  an  ad- 
vanced age,  Catharine,  relict  of  the  Rev. 
Edward  Jacob,  for  many  years  Rector  of 
that  parish. 

DTraaAM. — April  U,  most  suddenly, 
whilst  in  his  carriage,  aged  71,  H.  Lamb, 
esq,  of  Ryt4in  House,  Durham. 

A^  Mn  At  Darlington,  Sfod  S7» 
John-Jaoaea,  son  of  ComoL  Arrow,  R,N. 

GiKT,  Mao.  Vol.  XXL 


Esstx.— >4^f^  16.  At  Arlcesden  vi. 
carage,  aged  13,  Benjamin,  yonngestton 
of  the  Rev.  Thomas  S.  Griffenhoofe, 

April  18.  At  HnBka.rils,  near  Ingate- 
stone,  aged  84,  Louisa,  eldest  daughter  of 
Peter  DoUond,  esq.  of  St.  Panl*s  Church* 
yard,  and  relict  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  John 
Kelly,  Rector  of  Copford,  Essex,  where 
also  Mrs.  Kelly  was  buried.  Dr,  Kelly 
was  the  author  of  **  A  Practical  Gram* 
mar  of  the  Antient  Gaelic,  or  Language 
of  the  Isle  of  Man,  usually  called  Monks," 
4to,  1803  \  and  of  •*  ATriglott  Dictionary 
of  the  Celtic  Tongue,  as  spoken  in  the 
Highlands  of  Scotland,  Ireland,  and  the 
Isle  of  Man.**  The  hitter  was  partly 
printed,  when  it  wa«  destroyed  by  fire  in 
1 8Q8,  at  Messrs.  Nichols's  Printing  Office. 
See  a  full  memoir  of  Dr.  Kelly  in  Gent, 
Mag.  for  Jan.  1810,  n.  84.  Mrs.  Kelly 
baa  left  an  only  son,  Gordon  Kelly,  esq. 
barrister-at'law. 

April  19.  Aged  65,  Mrs.  Bailey, 
widow  of  Lieut. -Colonel  Bailey,  and 
sixth  daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  Angel 
Silke,  Rector  of  Assiogdon. 

May  4.  Henry  SneU  Gilson,  aaq. 
solicitor,  of  Great  Bad  do  w. 

jifay  10.  Aged  62,  Roger  NitnB^  esq. 
M.D.  one  of  her  Maje*ty*s  Juitices  of 
the  Peace,  and  an  Alderman  of  the  bo- 
rough of  Colchester. 

Feb.  'i6.  At  Cheltenham,  afe>d  75, 
Robert  Edmonds,  esq. 

Gloucester. — April  \^*  At  the  house 
of  her  son-in-law,  L.  M'Bayne,  esq. 
Clifton  Down,  Frinoea-Jane,  relict  (xf 
Thomas  Cuming,  esq.  formerly  of  Somcr* 
field,  CO.  Down,  and  of  Jamaica^ 

Aprii  2L  Ki  Bristol,  Henry- Spencer 
Heatlioote,  esq*  of  Cokman-stfoet,  Lou* 
don. 

At  Cheltenham,  aged  6t«  M.  G.  Jones, 
esq.  formerly  of  St.  Panra  Cbnreh*yard« 

April  ^%     At  Clifton,  aged  15,  Luc; 
Maria-Bonverie,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Reir^ 
Dr,  Posey. 

April  26*      At   Abbot's    Leigb, 
Briitol,  aged  71,  from  severe  injuries  re* 
oeired  by  being  thrown  out  of  a  pony  car- 
riage, Frances- Edith,  relict  of  Vice-Ai 
Thomas  Lamplagh  WoUey,  of  Clifton. 

Latwiy*    At  Towosend  Lodge,  Leoi 
SUnley,  aged  89*  Henry  Clarke,  e$q« 

Afied  &5,  at  Ham,  near  Berkeley,  Mar^ 
garet,  wife  of  George  Long,  eaq. 

itfaya.  At  CliftoQ,  aged  6S,  Robert 
E.  Case,  eaq. 

May  9.  At  Shirehamptos,  aged  87t 
Peter  Dowding,  esq. 

Uavt9.— Aprils.  At  Knighton,  I.  W., 
Louisa,  wife  of  Lieutenant  Caswell,  R.N. 

jfpril  10.     At  Forton,   near  Gotport, 
aged  &0,  Margaret  Kccia  Cheiham,  wttf 
of  Rear-Adm»  Sir  Edward  Chetbam. 
4Q 


BIT.  ^n 


«M 


0BITt7ASr« 


[Jone, 


4^  13.  At  AsUej  Cottage,  Bovn- 
aoath,  aged  79,  Mn.  Leekey,  reUct  of 
George  Leekey,  etq.  of  MilTerton,  Somer- 
set. 

LHefy.  At  Brookwood  Park,  aged  80, 
W.  Greenwood,  esq. 

May  11.  Aged  i23,  Sophia,  eldest  dan. 
of  the  Rer.  Thomas  Woodrooffe,  Rector 
ofCalboame,  I.  W. 

A/<ay  19.  At  Whippenham,  I.  W.,  John 
Taylor  Winnington,  esq.  second  son  of 
the  late  Sir  Thomas  Edward  Winnington, 
Bart,  of  Stanford  Conrt,  Worcestershire. 

HsKTs.^y^wi/  17.  At  Culver  Lodge, 
Uadham,  aged  85,  Eliiabeth,  widow  of 
Dr.  David  Pitcaim,  president  of  the  Col- 
lege of  Physicians,  and  only  dan.  of  the 
iMe  WilUam  Almack,  esq.  of  King-street, 
St  James's. 

Latefy.  The  Rev.  W.  Chaplin,  of 
Bishop's  Stortlbrd,  for  nearly  half  a  cen- 
tury pastor  of  the  Independent  Church  in 
that  town,  and  one  of  the  oldest  ministers 
in  the  denomination.  He  was  for  a  short 
time  associated,  as  co-pastor,  with  his  aged 
predecessor,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Angus. 

At  King's  Langley,  aged  90,  Thomas 
Amott,  esq.  late  of  Brixton. 

Huntingdon. — Mm^  4.  At  Paxton- 
pUce,  aged  62,  Henry  Ptter  Standly,  esq. 
formerly  of  St.  John  college,  Camb.  B.A. 
1803,  M.A.  1806,  a  barrister-at-law  of 
the  Middle  Temple,  Nov.  34,  1809,  and 
many  years  an  active  magistrate  of  the 
counties  of  Huntingdon  and  Bedford.  His 
collection  of  Prints  and  Drawings  of  our 
great  national  painter  Hogarth  was  we 
beliere  unrivalled.  His  stores  were  thrown 
open  to  the  inspection  of  Mr.  Nichols, 
when  compiling  his  account  of  Hogarth's 
Prints  and  Drawings.  See  Hogarth's 
Anecdotes,  8vo.  1833. 

Kbnt.  — >  y^/rri/  15.  At  Canterbury, 
Caroline-Maria,  wife  of  Lieut.-Col.  Han- 
key,  King's  Dragoon  Guards,  and  dan.  of 
A.  W.  Roberts,  esq. 

Afnril  16.  At  Bromley,  Caroline,  wife 
of  Robert  Shebbeare,  esq.  R.N. 

^fyril  18.  Aged  14,  Henrietta,  young- 
est dau.  of  John  Alfred  Wigan,  esq.  of 
Clare  House,  East  Mailing. 

^pHi  19.  At  Boley-hill,  Rochester, 
aged  38,  Charles  May  Simmons,  esq.  soli- 
citor. 

Jprii  SI .  At  Charlton,  Anne,  relict  of 
the  Rev.  George  Borlase,  B.D.  of  Castle 
Horneck,  Cornwall,  Registrar  and  Pro- 
fessor of  Chemistry  at  Cambridge,  and 
dau.  of  Thomas  Holme,  esq.  of  Holland 
House,  Lane. 

j^pril  26.  Louisa,  wife  of  Dr.  Thom- 
son,  of  Tunbridge  Wells. 

May  5.  At  Woodlands,  Cbelsfield, 
aged  S3,  John  Fuller,  youngest  son  of 
tlkomas  Waring,  esq. 


At  Lower  CharitoB,  near  Wodhricfa 
Warren  Miller  Jonea,  etq.  of  Lincoln's- 
Inn,  and  Fianrar's  BnUdings,  Temple,  bar« 
rister-at-Uw,  M.A.  (B.A.  1835)  of  Goa- 
▼ille  and  Cains  college,  Camb.  yowigest 
son  of  the  late  Col.  Lnlie  Grove  Joaes, 
of  the  Grenadier  Guards. 

May  9.  At  Tunbridge  Wells,  Elisabeth, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  R.  Thomson, 
LL.D.  of  Long  Stow  Hall,  co.  Cambridge. 

May  10.  At  Tunbridge  Wells,  aged  72, 
Mary,  relict  of  Russell  Skinner,  eaq. 

Lancastke. — March  87.  Ageid  G7, 
Mr.  John  Bum,  of  Manchester,  author  of 
'*  Bum's  Commercial  Glance." 

May  7.  At  TraiTord  -  park,  Thonai 
William  de  Trafford,  etq.  aeoond  ton  of 
Sir  Thomas  Joaeph  de  Traffovd,  Bart,  and 
late  Capt.  in  the  Royal  Soota  Greys. 

May  13.  At  Liverpool,  aged  79^  Sarah, 
wife  of  M.  L.  Motley,  etq. 

LsiCESTsn.  —  May  IS.  At  Lwtfeer- 
worth,  aged  5S,  John  Arthur  Arnold,  etq. 

Lincoln.— ^^.  16.  At  Rigby,  Wil- 
liam Torr,  esq.  an  eminent  agricniteritt. 

AprU  SS.  At  Lincoln,  s^ed  80,  Wil- 
liam  Hainworth,  late  of  London. 

Lately,  At  Lincoln,  Wm.  Cookton, 
esq.  M.D.  brother  of  A.  D.  Cookton,  etq. 
of  Gloucester. 

MiDDLESKX.  —  jf/frU  10.  Charlotte, 
wife  of  Lester  Harvey,  esq.  of  Hounalow, 
formerly  of  Battle,  Sussex. 

April  17.  At  Shepperton,  aged  88, 
Eleanor,  relict  of  George  Palmer,  Eaq.  of 
Boston. 

May  10.  At  Finchley,  aged  30,  Arthur 
Cope,  esq.  of  LoughgalC  co.  Armagh. 

May  13.  At  Acton,  aged  81,  Fkederic 
Natusch,  esq.  many  years  a  member  of 
Lloyd's. 

Monmouth.— Ifsy  7.  At  Trfley  Cot- 
tage,  Abergavenny,  aged  68,  Mijor-Gea. 
William  Phillips  Price,  Hon.  East  India 
Company's  Civil  Service. 

No&roLK. — Jpril  SS.  Aged  73,  Jo- 
seph Sewell,  esq.  of  Poringland,  near  Nor- 
wich. 

Aged  5G.  Mary-Anne,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  John  Gilbert,  of  Chedgrave. 

April  S3.  Mary  Russell,  relict  of  the 
late  Horace  Pettus  Ficklin,  eso.  and  eldest 
surviving  daughter  of  the  late  Robert 
Beraey,  esq.  of  Worstead. 

j^prit  S4.  At  Hoveton  Hall,  aged  16, 
William,  third  son  of  H.N.  Burroughea, 
esq.  M.P. 

AJay  4.  At  Scottow.  aged  18  months, 
Fraoces-Ann-Sarah,  youngest  dau.  of  Sir 
Henry  Durrant,  Bart. 

May  5.  At  Swaffham,  aged  16,  Syd- 
ney, fourth  son  of  the  Rev.  George  Mon- 
tagu, Rector  of  South  Pickenham. 

May  9.  At  Norton  Hall,  near  Fakeii- 
ham,  aged  53,  John  Browne,  esq. 


18^4-]. 


Ohituahy. 


66?: 


NoRTHAMFTOK. — Aprilt.  At  Oun(ilc» 
wmA  79(  Cbarlotte-Wilhclmiiia,  last  sur- 
vmng  dau.  of  the  Rev.  C&stell  Sherard, 
formerly  t»f  Huntingdon. 

April  ]  5«  Ac  Euri's  Barton »  aged  93 « 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  the  late  W,  Whit- 
worth,  eaq. 

Aprii  16.  At  Arthingwortb,  aged  92; 
John  Busn-eUf  esq.  late  of  laLiDgton,  aud 
for  many  years  a  member  of  Lloyd's. 

At  Presloo  Deanery,  aged  10,  Robert, 
youngest  son  of  LaDgbam  Christie,  esq* 

May  7.  At  Nortbamptoa,  aged  tJO| 
Elizabeth,  relict  of  Cbarleii  Whitworth, 
c«q.  Banker. 

NoRTHUMBKmLAND,— AtTweedmouthr 
John  KobertfOQ,  esq.  one  of  the  oldest 
•nd  most  respected  inhabitants  of  that 
Ticinity, 

April  \,  At  Newcastle-upoo-Tyne, 
Lieut* -Col.  Campbell, 

Notts. —  J%  L  At  Welbeck,  the 
Moat  Noble  llenri€tta»  Dache»s  of  Port* 
land.  She  was  the  eldest  daughter  of  the 
Jate  General  John  Scott,  and  sister  of  the 
lite  Viseounteas  Canning  ;  marnetl,  in 
August,  U95,  the  prfsent  Duke  of  Port- 
land, by  whom  her  Grace  had  issye  the 
late  andpreaent  Marquesses  of  Titehfield, 
Lords  George  and  Henry  Bentiack,  Lady 
CbArloCte  Doni»on»  Ladj  Howard  do  Wal- 
deui  md  the  Ladies  Henrietta  and  Mary 
Bcotinck* 

OxroBD.— /art.  29.  At  Ewelme  Houaep 
aged  Tt'r  the  relict  of  the  Hon.  Mr.  Jus- 
tice Taunton. 

Latdtf.  At  Kcncott,  near  Burford,  aged 
82t  Cbarlca  Loder,  eaq.  one  of  her  Ma- 
jesty's Justices  of  the  Peace  for  Oifordsh, 

Salop.— w4/iHi  13.  Aged  T^i  Mri. 
Mary  Reynolds,  of  Cresaage.  She  gave 
the  fint  5/,  saved  out  of  her  Unaited  earn- 
ings towards  re-building  the  new  Church 
ill  that  villager  and  bad  juat  returned  fronv 
pEiinting  a  small  tree  in  the  churchyard, 
when  she  was  seized  with  apoplexy  and 
aoon  afterwards  expired. 

Lately.  At  Ludlow,  Gilbert »  sou  of  the 
late  Theophtlus  Salwcy,  esq.  of  Ashley 
Moor,  Herefordshire. 

At  Ludlow,  Arthur,  the  son  of  the  Rev. 
A.  WiUis. 

SoM&RSET. — April  in,  At  Batb,  aged 
63,  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Richard  Saumarex^ 
eaq. 

At  Bath,  aged  74,  Willianj. Young 
Fiiidge,  esq. 

April  IL  At  Bath,  Jacob  Wilkioion, 
esq,  youngest  brother  of  the  late  Rev.  M. 
Wilkinson,  Rector  of  Redgrave,  Suffolk. 

April  12.  Matilda,  wife  of  Wio.  Bally, 
esq.  of  Sion^hlU,  Bath. 

ApHl  l^.  At  the  vicarage,  Moota<3nte, 
■fed  73,  Mary,  relict  of  Wyndham  Good- 
^f  esq-  of  Compton  Houses  Dorset, 


At  Bath,  Mrs.  Lovett,  wife  of  Sack- 
ville  H,  Lovett,  esq. 

April  28.  At  Bath,  aged  87,  John  Wil- 
son,  esq.  of  Devonahire-j^t.  Portland-pl. 

Latffly,  At  Btith,  Isabella  •  Elmira 
Saunders,  daughter  of  the  Lady  Martha 
Saunders. 

May  l.i.  Aged  79,  Sarah,  widow  of  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Aldridge,  of  Wcatoa  Zoy- 
land. 

Stafford. — April  28.  At  Lichfield, 
aged  70,  Harriet,  relict  of  the  R«v.  John 
Dilke,  Vicar  of  Polesworth, 

Lately t  At  Stoke  Lodge,  near  New- 
cafltle>uiiiider-Lyme,  aged  6x1,  Miss  Eliza- 
beth FentoD,  atster  of  the  Rev.  John 
Fenton,  Rector  of  Ousby,  Cumberland, 
and  of  Thomas  Fen  ton,  esq.  of  Stoke 
Lodge, 

May  6.  Aged  2T,  Mary-Lovatt.  wife 
of  John  Ayshford  Wise,  esq.  of  Clayton 
Hall. 

Suffolk. — April  4.  Aged  95,  Mrs. 
Bcales,  widow  of  John  Bealea,  esq.  of 
Ardleigh,  Essex,  and  for  many  year*  of 
Horsecroft  Park,  near  Bury. 

April  6.  In  hia  ^7th  year,  Richard 
Mann^  esq.  of  Bungay. 

April  T.  In  her  20th  year^  Jane,  eldest 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Daoiel  GniUi  Rector 
of  leklingham. 

April  1 0,  At  the  Rev.  W.  B.  Branshy'i, 
Charafietd  parsonage^  Susan,  relict  of  John 
Lynch  Studd,  gent,  of  Swatiafield  Hall, 
Gislingham. 

April  12,  At  Ipswich,  Susanna-Wil- 
kinson, eldest  dau.  of  the  late  S.  Crisp, 
cftq.  of  Ffoatenden,  and  wife  of  the  Re?. 
\\\  F,  Buck,  of  BurtoQ-n[joo*Treot. 

April  Id,  Aged  73,  Eeeve  Bunn,  esq* 
a  highly -respected  solicitor  of  Ipswich. 

May  3 .  A t  Ick  linghano ,  aged  8  7 ,  C  har * 
lotte^  widow  of  Charks  Gwilt,  esq* 

AJiiy  4,  Aged  5t>,  George  ForkjDs,  esq. 
of  Chediston  Park, 

Surrey.  —  April  11.  At  Weston, 
Thames  Ditton,  aged  HO,  William  Spcer, 
esij.  late  of  Her  Majesty's  Treasury.  He 
enjoyed  a  retired  pension  of  1,700^. 

At  Lower  Tooting,  aged  63,  Matilda- 
Ann,  widow  of  Philip  Crowe,  eiq,  of  the 
Bengal  Cavalry. 

April  13.  At  Dorking,  aged  26,  Sarah, 
dsm.  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Wlutehoose* 

April  lb\  At  Kingston  Hill,  aged  36, 
Maria,  wife  of  George  StAveley  Smith, 
esq. 

April  19.  At  Guildford,  aged  78, 
Capt.  George  Norton,  R,N* 

April  20,  Aged  B2,  Eadea  Snmmen^ 
esq.  of  Fan  Grove  Lodge,  Chertaey. 

April  29.  At  the  residence  of  her 
son-in-law,  T.  B.  Cardalc,  esq.  Albury, 
aged  65,  Elisabeth- Margaret,  relict  of 
Thomas  William  Plttmmer,  cjwj. 


C68 


Omt^aby. 


IJune, 


Afril  30.  At  Effingfatm,  aged  90,  Ro- 
bert Fish,  esq.  He  was  borne  to  his  Ust 
restiiig  pUce  by  his  tenantry. 

At  Croydon,  aged  91,  Thomas  Hewion, 


Moi 


\iap  3.  At  Thornton  Heath*  near 
Croydon,  aged  72,  Henry  Holland  Prior, 
eaa.  formerly  of  £aston-pl.  Eoston-sq. 

Louisa,  wife  of  Charies  McNiTen,  eaq. 
of  Perrysfield. 

Afay  11.  At  Richmond,  Helen,  widow 
of  the  ReT.  James  Rossell  Deare,  Vicar 
of  Bures,  Suffolk* 

Sussex. — Anrii  7*  At  Hastingt,  Anne, 
wife  of  C.  W.  H.  Steward,  cmi. 

April  19.  At  Brighton,  aged  64,  Mary. 
Louisa,  dan.  of  the  late  James  Boudon, 
eaq.  of  the  Chamberlain's  Office,  Guild* 
hall,  London. 

At  Brighton,  aged  76,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Cole, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  William  Cole,  formerly 
of  Broad  Chalk  rectory,  WUU. 

April  18.  At  Bexhill,  aged  9S,  Elixa- 
beth,  relict  of  Abraham  Duplock,  esq. 

At  Brighton,  aged  63,  Ann-Maria,  re- 
lict of  the  Rer.  Robert  Williams,  of 
Worthen,  Shropshire. 

April  21.  At  Mockbeggar,  Playden, 
aged  76,  Charles  Pilcher,  eaq.  Ute  of  Rye, 
merchant. 

AprU  22.  At  Hastings,  Eleanor-Ca- 
tharine,  youngeat  dam.  of  the  late  Sir 
George  William  Leeds,  Bart 

4prt/  23.  At  Brighton,  aged  74,  Mary, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Peter  Du  Cane, 
esq.  of  Braxted,  Essex,  and  wife  of  Ed- 
mund Smithe,  esq,  of  Brighton. 

Jpnl  24.  At  Warwick  House,  Worth- 
ing, aged  46,  George  Frederick  Jones,  esq. 
barrister,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Sir  Richsird 
Jones,  K.C.B. 

April  25.  Aged  76,  Jane,  widow  of 
James  Piggott,  esq.  of  Fitshall,  Midhurat. 

April  30.  At  Worthing,  as^  75, 
Lady  Wells,  relict  of  Admiral  Sir  John 
WeUs,  G.C.B.  of  BoUnore  House,  Cuck- 
fleld,  who  died  Not.  19,  1841  (See  onr 
\qL.  XVII.  p.  654). 

May  11.  At  Brighton,  i^^ad  70,  Ann, 
relict  of  Widdows  GoUUng,  esq.  of  Read- 
ing, Berks. 

May  12.  At  Down  House,  Rotting- 
dean,  aged  27,  Elisa-Jane,  wife  of  WO- 
liam  E.  Frere,  esq.  Bombay  Civil  Serr. 
and  eldest  dau.  of  Major-Gen.  Osborne, 
of  Pengelley-house,  Cheshunt,  Herts. 

May  13.  At  Eastbourne,  aged  49, 
Capt.  John  Wilson,  late  of  the  90th 
re^ 

Wa&wick.— A/orcA  20.  At  Warwick, 
Frances  wife  of  the  Rct.  Samuel  Downes, 
Vicar  of  Kilham,  Yorkshire. 

AprU  16.  At  Leamington,  Geoigiana 
Margaret,  youngeat  dau.  of  the  lute  Lieut.- 
Colonel  Tryoa. 


AprU  26.  At  Alvestoa,  aged  67,  Jeaae- 
Maria,  widow  of  the  Re?.  Charles  Hol- 
bech.  Vicar  of  Famborough. 

May  7.  At  Leamington,  Martha, 
widow  of  the  ReT.  Wm.  Wilson,  of 
Knowle-hall,  Rector  of  Harrington,  North- 
amptonshire. 

May  8.  At  Birmmgham,  aged  98, 
Joaeph  Gibbs,  eaq. 

May  13.  At  Leamington,  Lucy-Caro- 
line, eldest  aurrifing  dau.  of  the  Hon.  and 
ReT.  H.  C.  Cust. 

Wbbtmorlano.— Afiqf  8.  On  a  Tisit 
at  Bowness,  aged  63,  Mr.  Isaac  Crewd- 
son,  a  natiTe  of  Kendal,  who  in  early 
youth  remoTed  to  Manchester,  and  for 
many  years  resided  at  Ardwick-green. 
After  an  aaaiduous,  but  not  absorbiiig  at- 
tention to  business,  he  retired,  wSh  a 
competency,  firom  commercial  pursuits, 
in  1826,  and  more  fully  dcTOted  his  time, 
talents,  and  property  to  the  benefit  of  his 
fellow  men,  in  Tarious  channels  of  Chris- 
tian philanthropy.  In  1835  he  appeared 
aa  the  author  of  "  A  Beacon  to  the  So- 
ciety of  Friends.*'  This  gaTC  rise  to  an 
actiTe  controTersy,  the  result  of  which 
waa,  that  Mr.  Crewdaon  and  many  of  hia 
friends  withdrew  themseWes  firom  that 
community. 

WiLTa.--4|^21.  At  Melchet  Park, 
1^  28,  Richard  Webb,  esq. 

April  30.  At  Salisbury,  Sarah,  dau. 
of  the  late  Thomas  Noyes,  esq.  of  West- 
OTcr,  near  AndoTer,  and  of  the  lale  of 
Wight. 

Lately.  At  Salisbury,  Ann,  wife  of  the 
Rer.  6.  M.  Webster,  B.D.  Rector  of 
Codford  St.  Mary. 

May  1.  At  Mere,  aged  80,  Mrs.  Lati- 
mer, relict  of  Thomas  Latimer,  esq. 

May  2.  At  Trowbridge,  W.  Stancomb, 
eaq.  an  opulent  manufitcturer,  and  one  of 
the  magirtrates  of  the  county.  He  died 
of  apoplexy. 

May  5.  At  Middle  Hill,  Box,  John 
Neate,  esq. 

May  7.  At  Salisbury,  Magdalene,  wife 
of  the  ReT.  William  Lisle  Bowles,  Canon 
of  Salisbuiy ;  daughter  of  the  Rct.  Charles 
Wake,  D.D.  Prebendary  of  Westminster, 
and  granddaughter  of  Archbishop  Wake. 

W ORCEBTER.^ Apnl  22.— Aged  23, 
Maria,  only  dau.  of  the  late  Francis  Ruf- 
ford,  esq.  of  Prescot- house,  Stourbridge. 

April  28.  Aged  49,  Charles  Clarke, 
esq.  organist  of  Worcester  Cathedral. 

Lately,  At  BromsgroTe,  Ann,  widow 
of  W.  Gardner,  esq.  late  of  CoTcntry,  and 
daughter  of  the  Rot.  John  Best,  formeriy 
Vicar  of  Chaddesley. 

YoRK.^Feb.  21.  At  York,  9gfd  61, 
Benjamin  Bode"    "  *  ^'^m  yean 

collector  '^ 


1844.] 


Obitvaky. 


r 


fMTr  Ajine,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Joee{»h 
Wilktnsoa,  Ute  incumbeat  of  Upleatb&ia, 
and  mother  of  the  Rev.  Joteph  Wilkin- 
aOQi  the  preteot  iacumbent  of  both  tbos« 
plaoAs* 

Marck  30,  At  Old  I^iAUoQ  Abbey,  in 
hii  40tb  year^  Charles  Suuthaoo,  esq* 

April  14*  Aged  77 »  at  the  rectory,  Set- 

tnagtoQi  Mm.  Todd,  wife  of  the  Vea.  H. 

J.  Todd,  M.A.  Archdeacon  of  Cleveland . 

April  16.     A|;ed  59,    lienry- Richard 

Wood,  e«q.  of  HolUa  UaU. 

j|/>r»/  le.  At  the  vicarvge,  Hedon, 
Maj7-£liubeth|  ddeit  furviving  daa.  of 
the  Ute  Baldwin  Wake,  M.D.  of  York. 

Jpril  33.  At  StiHiAgton  vicarage, 
Emma,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Frederick  Stew- 
art,  oad  dau,  of  the  Ute  Rer,  Thoa*  Ed- 
wardi,  of  Aldford^  Cheshire. 

JprU  30*  At  Topcliffe  vicarage,  aged 
£9,  Harriet-Emma,  wife  of  the  £v. 
Henry  Annealey  Hawkini. 

May  6.  At  S meatballs,  near  Feiry- 
bridge,  aged  69,  John  Bower,  esq. 

May  8.  At  Crathoroe,  Mary-Auguita- 
Roaalia,  wife  of  Michael  Tasbargh,  eaq. 
of  Burghwallis,  and  only  child  of  the  Ute 
Gcorge-Tasburgh  Crathorue,  esq,  of  Cra« 
thoroe. 

Wal£S. — Jpril  4.  At  Dolgelly,  in 
hia  88th  year,  Mr.  Lewia  Roberts  (£oi 
Twrog).  He  was  considered  the  best 
Binger  with  the  harp  in  Waiet ;  he  von 
several  medals  at  ei^teddfodaa,  and  was 
an  ejnioent  mn^iciaa  on  the  violin « 

Lal9iy*  At  Taiga  rtb  Houae,  near  Me- 
rioneth, aged  18,  P.  W.  Thruaton,  Gen- 
tleman Cadet  of  the  E.  M.  Academyi 
Woolwich,  second  ion  of  Capt.  Thrua- 
ton,  E.N. 

SooTLitKO. — Ffk,  3?.  In  Edinburgh, 
aged  4iii,  Capt.  Thomas  Gordon,  Ute  of 
the  Royalj.  He  entered  the  army  in 
len  ai  Ena^n  in  the  l^th  Foot.  He  wai 
thi:ee  timea  m  the  Weat  Indlet,  and  for 
some  years  in  the  Eaat ;  waa  preaent  at 
Bayonne,  Waterloo,  and  many  other  ac* 
tiona*  He  retired  from  the  Eoyala,  on 
half-pay,  in  1834. 

April  16.  Margaret,  dau,  of  the  Ute 
Rev.  John  Patison,  Edinburgh. 

April  ^1,  At  Dundee^  Daniel  M*Eweii, 
esq.  solicitor. 

Lately,  At  Dunbar,  aged  9^,  ^Ira. 
Eaebum.  She  waa  a  moat  rigid  Came- 
foaiao,  and  retained  in  her  potaesaion  the 
flag  of  the  Covenant,  which  was  borne  by 
her  grandfather  at  the  battle  of  BothweU 
Brig.  Although  somewhat  tattered,  still 
all  the  emblems  and  inacriptiona  are  per- 
fectly legible.  She  priised  it  very  highly, 
tnd  haf  tranamitted  it  as  an  heirloom  to 
her  family. 
Captain  Anderson,  of  BroadUe.  In 
OMixpvpu  he  had  be«ii  tlire^  times 


wounded,  once  by  a  ipent  ball,  which 
entered  his  ear,  ran  round  between  tho 
akin  and  the  fleah,  and  came  out  at  tl 
back  of  hia  neck  ;  on  another  occaaio^ 
through  the  elbow  i  and  Uat  on  the  field 
of  Waterloo,  where  he  bad  hia  leg  ahot 
off,  and  lay  on  the  field  for  three  or  four 
hoars ;  and,  whiU  lying  there,  had  hia 
watch,  sword,  and  everything  of  value 
about  him  stolen  by  a  soldier's  wife.  An 
English  officer,  in  pity  for  his  aulleringi, 
tried  to  tramp  him  to  death  with  hia 
horse,  but  the  sagacious  animal  leapt  over 
him,  and  unhorsed  its  rider.  His  1^, 
after  be  was  taken  to  the  infirmary,  re- 
quired  to  be  amputated  three  dillerent 
times.  Mr.  Anderson  was  a  native  of 
NeiUton,  Renfrewshire. 

At  Gairlochp  Rosahirei  aged  84,  the 
celebrated  Gaelic  bard  AUadnir  Buidhe 
Mac  lobhair.  He  was  poet  to  the  Uirda 
of  Gairloch,  from  whom  he  had  a  pension. 
He  was  a  bard  of  great  merit,  but  very 
few  of  his  pieces  have  been  printed.  He 
may  be  conaidered  the  Uct  of  the  High. 
laud  bards,  with  the  solitary  exception  of 
the  author  of  *'  Loch-Aic/'  Mac  Coil. 

May  Z,  At  CuUea  Uouiie.  aged  13, 
the  Hon.  Edw.  AUxander  Grant,  younge«t 
sou  of  the  Earl  of  Seafield. 

Mmy  6.  At  the  Cottage,  Haddington, 
WillUm  Haldane,  esq.  Ute  Paymaster  ol 
the  33d  Foot. 

IftKLAaiD.— Fs^.S7.  At  Caahen,  Cork, 
Capt.  William  Thome>  of  Ute  1st  Garri- 
son Batt.  eldest  »on  of  the  Ute  William 
Tborne,  formerly  Barrackmaster  of  Man- 
chester, and  Captain  of  the  43rd  Foot. 
He  aenred  the  Egyptian  oampaign  of 
1797,  and  there  contracted  the  preTaJent 
opthalmic  fever,  from  which  he  never  per- 
fectly  recovered. 

March  4,  At  Louth,  Colonel  Walter 
Frederick  O'Reilly,  C.B.  He  entered  the 
army  in  Oct.  18U,  and  retired  on  half- 
pay  in  Jan.  18^9.  He  was  raised  to  the 
brevet  rank  of  Colonel  in  Nov.  1841.  He 
married  July  19,  1823,  Harriet  Ducheas 
dowager  of  Roxburghe,  mother  of  the 
preiieot  Duke. 

March  8.  At  Camaville,  near  Mojmltjf 
CO.  Meath,  aged  113,  Mrs.  M^Mahon, 
relict  of  P.  M'Mahoo.  She  vat  mother 
of  8  children,  grandmother  of  5$,  great - 
grandmother  of  99,  and  great-great -grand- 
mother of  ^,  making  a  total  of  16<a,  of 
whom  160  are  atiU  living. 

March  27.  At  Ballybrack,  near  Cork, 
Eli^abetb,  widow  of  Maurice  Swabeytesq» 
D.CX.  of  Langley  Marish,  Bucks.  Quo* 
cellor  of  Rochester. 

AfarcA  30.  At  Convamore,  aged  ^  the 
Hon.  Edward  Charlea  Hare,  youngest  son 
of  the  Earl  of  liatowel. 

April  7t    At  bit  Kit,  Fori  JUduh, 


I 


I 


I 


670 


Obituaey* 


[JunCj 


Wcstmeath,  aged  fi7,  the  Right  Hon.  John 
Lord  de  Blaqukrc*  He  succeeded  his 
father  in  the  dignity  Aug,  27.  1^12,  utid 
is  succeeded  by  his  brother  Gen.  the  Hod. 
WiUiain  de  Bkqiiiere,  of  HiU  House, 
Cttckfieidr  Sussex. 

Matf  2.  In  Duhlin,  ngcd  25,  in  con- 
Aeqnence  of  a  fall  from  his  horic  ici  the 
Phoemx  Park^  Gordon  Scott.  ej*q.  Lieut* 
in  the  5th  Fusiliers,  son  of  the  Rev.  Alex- 
ander Scott t  of  Bath. 

Isle  of  Man. — March  10.  At  Douglas, 
in  his  80th  jear^  Samuel  Barker,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Lichfield,  banker*  and  for  maoy 
year*  resident  in  that  island. 

Guernsey. — 4prii  18.  In  Guernsey, 
Nigel  Thomas  Edensor  HeathcotCt  e«q. 
second  son  of  Richard  Edenaor  Heath- 
cote,  esq.  of  Longton  Hall,  Staflrtprdshire, 
and  of  Em  ma- Sophia,  dau.  of  the  late  Sir 
Nigel  Bowyer  Gresley,  Bart,  of  Drakelow, 
Derbyshire. 

East  Indies.— J/flrcA  17,  At  Bombay, 
Frances*  Eleanor,  wife  of  Lie  at. -Co  Ion  el 
Gn0ithr  Commandant  of  the  Bombay  Ar« 
tillery,  and  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Matthew 
Cowper,  esq.  of  Gibraltar. 

Aiarrh  £3.  At  Dhoolia,  aged  41,  John 
Grant  Malcolmsoui  esq.  M.D.,  P.R.S., 
formerly  of  th«  Madras  Medical  Eatablisb* 
meot,  and  latterly  of  the  firm  of  Forbes 
and  Co.  of  Bombay. 

Wmt  lNm%9.— March  2\.  At  Ber- 
bicCi  aged  38,  John  Tench  Bush,  esq. 
M-D.  late  of  Totnes,  Dcvou,  eldest  son 
of  the  late  Joseph  Ba^h,  esq.  of  Stanton 
Drew,  Somerset. 

March  M.  At  St.  Kitts,  Thomas  Chris- 
topher My  ton  LethhridgCj  esq.  Lieut, 
B5th  Light  Inf.  eldest  son  of  John  Hes- 
ketb  I^thbridge,  e»q.  and  grandson  of 
Sir  Thomas  Buckler  Lelbbridge,  Bart,  of 
Sandhill  Park,  Somcrsel* 

Lattly,  On  board  H.MS.  ''AlbatrosSp" 
John  Edirard  Nicholas,  esq.  Volunteer  of 
the  First  Class T  only  son  of  the  late  Capt. 
John  Nicholas,  R.N. 

ApHl  7.  At  the  Danish  Island  of  St. 
Croix,  aged  60,  WilUam  Stedman,  esq. 
M.D.  Knight  of  Dannebrog. 

Abroad. — Jan,  M.  On  board  H. M.S. 
**  Hydra**'  off  the  coast  of  Africa,  aged  4.S, 
John  Thomas,  esq.  eldest  son  of  the  Ute 
Col.  Thomas,  of  the  2a th  Regt,  her  M«- 
jcAty*a  Commissioner  at  St.  Paulo  de 
Loando  for  the  abolition  of  the  Slave- 
tnidc  under  the  Portuguese  Treaty.  He 
was  a  Deputy. Lieut,  and  for  seTeral  years 
a  mot^t  active  magistrate  of  the  city  uid 
county  of  Worcester. 

FrL  10.  At  Bathurit,  aged  7.^,  Annt 
widow  of  Simon  Biddulpb,  esq.  fonnerly 
of  Tamworthi  Staffordshire.  She  was  only 
dan*  of  Thomas  Burnet,  esq.  Capt.  and 
"  '  R.N,  and  gr«it^gT«iiadft«.  of 


the  celebrated  Gilbert  Burnet,  Bishop  of 
Sslisbnry,  and  (upon  the  death  of  her 
brother^  the  Ute  Major-Gco,  John  Bomct) 
became  sote  legal  personal  represeutattTe 
of  that  learned  prelate, — Also,  at  Batburst, 
on  the  same  day,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Haw.  Mra. 
Biddulpb  and  Mrs.  Haw  were  auiongit 
the  first  emigrants  to  the  settlement. 

^Sept.  U.  At  Washington,  aged  48, 
Mr.  Nicollet,  the  favourite  pupil  and 
friend  of  La  Place,  He  went  to  America 
about  ten  ye^irs  since,  and  has  been  en- 
gaged principally  in  carrying  out  a  survey 
— geographical,  topographical,  sstronomi- 
cal,  and  geological— of  the  vast  region 
embraced  by  the  sources  of  the  Mississippi 
and  Missouri  rirers.  His  map  of  thia 
important  labour  was  completed  before 
bis  death,  and  was  shown  by  htm  at  the 
Association  of  American  Geologists  at 
Albany,  in  April,  1843. 

Fed.  17.  At  Morro  Velho,  in  the  Bra- 
zils, aged  3fj,  John^Kerridge* Alexander, 
third  son  of  the  kte  Charles -Alexander 
Crick  itt,  esq.  of  Colchester,  Essex. 

Feh.  19.  At  Corfu,  Capt.  Craigic,  97th 
foot. 

Near  Stanton,  Tirginia,  aged  113  years, 
a  slave  named  Gilbert,  He  was  a  serrant 
to  Colonel  Washington,  at  the  great  bat- 
tle of  the  Monongahela,  on  the  yth  of 
July,  1775. 

March  3,  At  Toronto,  in  Canada, 
aged  25,  Henrietta,  wife  of  Capt.  George 
Edward  Aylmer,  of  the  93rd  Highlanders. 

March  '20.  In  France,  agpd  72,  Gen* 
Count  Pajol.  He  was  Aide-de*camp  to 
Kkber  at  the  battle  of  Altenkirchen.  who 
conferred  on  him  the  rank  of  Chef  d'Es- 
cadron  on  the  tic  Id  of  battle.  He  was 
promoted  to  the  grade  of  Colonel  by 
Massena,  at  the  battle  of  Zurich.  His 
commission  of  General  was  dated  from 
AusterlitjE,  and  that  of  General  of  Division 
from  Moscow.  In  IB30  be  was  appointed 
Commander  of  the  first  military  division i 
which  post  he  held  for  1  '2  years. 

April  2.  At  Rome,  on  her  return  from 
India,  Anne,  wife  of  Lie  at. -General  Sir 
Jasper  NicoUs,  K.C.B. 

^prii  3.  At  Florence,  Italy,  aged  61 , 
Elixabeth,  wife  of  Major-Gen,  Daabcny, 
of  Bath,  and  eldest  dan.  of  the  Ute  Ven. 
Archdt^acon  Daubeny. 

^pril  6.  In  Madeira,  aged  27 ^  George, 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Daniel  GuiUe* 
m«rd,  esq.  of  Hackney. 

April  10.  At  Boulogne,  aged  71,  R. 
Lowe,  esq. 

Jpril  17.  At  Lisbon,  Janet,  wife  of 
Capt.  John  Mackenzie,  H.P.  D4th  RegU 

April  20,  At  Cairo,  on  the  overland 
route  from  India,  Edward  BannennAQ, 
esq.  late  of  the  East  liuUt  Comp«0j*| 
Madras  Civil  S«rrice. 


4 


1844.] 


OiirTtTARY. 


67J 


April  21,  At  Plulfldelphia,  United 
States,  age4  44»  Atmc,  wife  of  William- 
Aufuatus  Dobbfn,  esq.  late  of  the  Dra- 
goon Guards,  Mid  formerly  of  B&th, 

April  24.  At  Rome,  Mwry-Ann,  wife 
of  ColiKi  CaiiipbElli,  esq.  late  Surgeon • 
Gen.  on  the  E^st  India  Company'*  Me- 
dical EstubLishinent  in  Btsn^al, 

At  Nice,  aged  SI,  WilliHrn  Armstrong 
Martine2,  esq.  only  son  of  William  H. 
Armstrong,  esq.  and  graodrion  of  S«b«a- 
tiiin- Gonzales  Martinez,  esq.  of  Bel^ize 
Park»  Hampstend. 

Ao/f/y.  At  ManQbeim*  Elizabeth,  wife 
of  tbe  Rev.  H .  EUtot  Graham. 


In  Paria,  aged  70,  Lady  Marianne  Er« 
skine,  dan.  of  John  Francis  Erskine,  Eurl 
of  Mar.  She  was  blind  from  her  birth, 
and  had  resided  several  years  in  France. 

At  Bordeaajt,  James  Violett,  esq. 

May  2,  At  Lisbon,  Ant  bony  Samuel, 
esq.  eldest  aon  of  Simon  Samuel,  esq.  of 
Gloucester -pi.  Portman^sq, 

At  Toronto,  Canada,  the  Hon.  William 
Warren  Baldwin,  one  of  the  oldest  and 
wealthiest  inhabitants  of  that  city. 

At  Florence,  aged  75,  Professor  Pietro 
Benvcnuti,  the  celebrated  bi&torical  painter, 
add  Director  of  the  Academy  of  Arti  In. 
that  city. 


I 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  IN  THE  METROPOLIS. 

(Including  the  District  of  Wandsworth  and  Clapbam.) 

From  ike  Returm  itfued  by  the  Reffittrar  General, 

Deaths  REGJSTEatD  from  Ai'ttiL  27  to  May  18,  1844,  (4  weckf.) 

Under  15 1512- 

16  to  60...  .1244^^^! 
GO  and  upwards         ^^' 
Age  not  epmfied 


M»Ies 
Females 


l^!3«l 


.\2UL 


AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  CORN,  May  17. 


Wheat, 
55    4 


Barley. 
32     I 


Oats. 

9.       ft 


Rye. 

»,    i, 

31     7 


Beans. 

f,     d, 
31     1 


Peas. 
s,     d. 
31     7 


PRICE  OF  HOPS.  May  27. 
Suitex  Poeketf .  OA  [Os,  to  IL  a?.— Kent  Pockets,  7f.  lOf.  to  9/.  5a. 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRA  W  AT  SMITHFIELD,  May  27. 
Hay,  2/:  10*.  to  3/.  13*.-.Stra\v,  I/.  0*.  to  1/,  10*^ Clover,  3L  5t.  to  5L  5r. 
SMITHFIELD,  aiay  97.     To  sink  the  Uflfal— per^tone  of  81bs. 


Beef. ,..*, 2i. 

Mutton.,. , .2#. 

VeaL........» 3*. 

Pork 3#. 


id,  to  3s,  lOrf. 

af.  to  ii,    Od. 

id,  to  4«.    Oil. 

Qd,  to  4f.    2rf. 


Heud  of  Cattle  at  Market.  May  27. 

Beasts.., 2622     Calves    119 

SbecpandLambs    30,280    Pigs      328 


r 


COAL  MARKET,  May  24, 

Walh  Ends,  from  17*.  0^/.  to  23j.  Od.  per  ton.   Other  sorts  from  ]4i,  6*f.  to  20#.  Orf. 

T  ALLO  W,  per  ewl.— Toivn  Tallow,  42*.  Od,      Yellow  RubsIb,  42f.  Bd. 

CANDLES,  7#.  Od.  per  doz.     Moulds,  9#.  Grf. 

PRICES  OF  SHARES. 

Atthi;  Office  of  WOLFE,  BiioTtt^Rs,  Stock  and  Share  Brokers, 
23,  Change  Alley,  Cornhill. 

Birmtn^ham  Canal,  173^. Etlcsmereand  C1ieeter,66. Grand  Jtineiiun.  162}> 

Kennet  and  Avon,  JO4. Leeds  and  Liverpool,  6521- Regent's,  25|- 

Rochdale,  62.^— London  Dock  Stock,  1 12\  —St.  Katharine's,  1 15, East 

and   West   India,  13B.  -^—  London    und    Birmingham    Hailmiy.  223.  Great 

Western,    liyj. London    and    Southwestern,  87, Grand*   Junction    M'ater- 

Works,  88. — -  West  Middlesex,  125. Globe  Insyrunce,    143, tinardian, 

50i. Hope,  6]. ^  Chartered    Gas,    G7^ Imnerial    Gas,  84. Pbcsnix 

Gas,  37. London  und  Westntinnter  Bank,  27. Reversionary  Interest*  104, 

pur  Prices  of  all  other  SbareSi  enquire  as  above. 


672 
METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  W.CARY,  Strand. 

^VoM  JprU  26  to  J%  85,  I844<,  both  inehuiM. 
Fahrenheit's  Therm. 


Fylrtnbeil'K  Therm. 


ApL| 

i» 

19 

30 

M.l 

i 
a 

4 
5 
6 
7 
S 
D 
10 


60     66 
3^     00 


m 

65 

m 
il 


1>^ 


8 

I 


.«8 


Wcttther^ 


fine 
fair 

»  23   dou^,  fair 
,  28  :  f*ir 


,36 
.02 

.as 

,  99 
j96 


do. 

^do«  cloudy 

.cL  ili^ht  min 

f«ir,  ckiiidf 

jdo,  do* 

;do. 

'do. 

[»hwry,m.fiiST 


nm  i  III  J 

I-     )    *^ 


SO** 


5f? 

5e 

60 
66 

48 
4^ 
50 
53 

53 


6&  50 
64     SO 

70  50 

71  58 
56     i? 

60  48 
50    38 

40  41 
54!  46 
58  I  4a 
56  I  51 
m    49 


Wevther. 


,  99  Tdoudf;  fur 

m,  m  [do.  do. 

>^4  |6n« 

.34  jdo. 

»37  ||^r»eloiid7 
I  J  5  I  do.  du. 
2%^   d.  alight  ni. 


25     ^ 


61 

m 
55 


46 
50 
44 


i»3 

,96t 
.96, 
tftS 
3XK  17 
,  13 


do*  hml  do. 

do. 

fair,  cloudy 

■hwrv^frH.  do. 

Tiur 

doudy 

lur 

cloudf 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS. 


s 


CiD 


III       I 
5 


E)u  Billir 
ii^lDOO. 


toiil  imi 

lOlj.  I02i 

101 1 !  1024 

101}  1D2| 
lOlf  102| 
IOJ|    10-2i 

i(K  :  ufc^t 

(03f  .  IQ^I 

101 1.  KJ^I 

IGllI  I0i| 

101}  tO^i 

lOtf!  I02i 

loii  10^1 

10 1 1  102| 
1011  1021 


lOlj 
101 1 1 
lOlj' 

IQI| 
lOti 

loii 


1021 
(02j 

102 

lo^j 


121 

m 
m 
m 
m 

m 

m 
m 

m 

m 
m 

184 
12* 
12* 

12|" 
12|. 
12* 


94  pm. 


92^ptii, 


98 


15* 


289 

286 


288 


92  pm. 

94  pm. 

94  pm. 

9294  pm, 


2§7 


9i  pm. 


2i»6 

urn 


94  ptn. 


101*  I02j 

101*  imi 


18* 
12* 


9©|. 


2&5i 
286 

286} 
£89 


92  pm. 


9a  pm. 
92  pm. 
92  pm. 
92  pm. 


76  74  pm. 

76  74  pm, 

77  75  pm. 
77  75  pm. 

75  77  pm. 
77  75  pm. 

77  75  pm. 

78  76  pm. 
77  79  pm. 
72  74  pm, 
74  60  pm. 
69  71  pm. 
69  66  pm, 
66  70  pm. 
66  72  pm. 

72  74  pm, 
74  76  pm. 

76  74  pm. 

73  75  pm. 

74  72  pm, 
74  72  pm. 

72  pm. 

73  71pm, 


J.J.  ARNULL,  English  and  Foreign  Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

3,  Bank  Chambers,  Lothbury. 

J.   B.   KIOHOLS  AMD  lOlTy  PRINTimB,  25,  PARLIAlCBMT-tT&BST, 


INDEX 


TO  ESSAYS,  DISSERTATIONS,  AND  HISTORICAL  PASSAGES 


%*  The  Principal  Memoirs  in  the  Obituary  are  dittinclfy  Mlercd  in 
the  **  Index  to  the  Essays." 


Ahinger,  Lord^  memoir  of  648 
Jbou.Roash,  pyramids  at  893 
^^ffmta.Chrhtian  il.  yes  in  liberaled  8S 
Jcland,  T.  B,  Esq.  memoir  of  654 
Aeton  Prize  Essay  630 
JElfric  Society f  publications  of  29 1 
Affghan  Government,  frebleness  of  305 
Agricultural  Society,  prises  for  1844, 177 
Ahmukkhs,  of  Abyssinia  5S4 
AlUrti,  Count  Af.  forgery  by  73 
Albi,  Cathedral  of,  account  of  580 
Aldei-ton  Church,  care  taken  of  the  tab- 
lets of  886.      alleged  mutilation  of 
monuments  338 
Aldrington,  Church  of  \hA 
Alfristan,  coins  found  at  1 85 
Algeria,  proceedings  in  88,  641 
Alicante^  insunectiun  at  304 
Allen,  W.  memoir  of  809 
Allier,  M,  autographs  of  Hen.  IV.  73 
Altars,  Roman,  at  Newcastle  ^S9 
America,  Central,  ruined  cities  in  893 
Amiens,  shrine  of  St.  John  183,  174 
Ancient  Music,  discoveries  celating  to  78 
Anderida,  site  of  367 
Angell  Estates,  decision  of  claim  to  83 
Anglo-Saxon  Churches^  on  the  numbei 
of  585 

Antiquaries,  Society  of,  proceedings  of  79» 

183,896,  409,  518,  633 
Antiquarian  Intelligence, French,30 1 , 586 

Antiquities,  Cornish,  483 

— — —  proposed  protection  of  486. 
sculpture,  urns,  &c.,  diicovered  636 

Archsfoiogical  Association,  establishment 
of  818,  895,  487.     transactions  of  581 

Architects,  British,  Institute  of,  proceed- 
ings of  75«  180,898,406. 

Arguelles,  Don  A.  memoir  of  533 

Art,  state  and  prospects  uf  849 

Arts,  Fine,  institute  of  74 

Asiatic  Society,  prucef  dings  of  177 

Aston  Grange,  saU  of  88 

Astronomical  Society,  electi  >n  of  officers 
890 

Atlas  Newspaper  Prizes  890 

Autographs,  curi«>us,  disc  overed  73.     sale 
of  178.     collections  of  857 

Bangor,  bishopric  of  306 

Bank  of  England  Charter,  proceedings 
respecting  640 

Barnes,  J,  scholarship  founded  by  891 

Bamveldt,  anecdote  of  491 

Barnwell,  Hew  F.  H.  T.  memoir  of  808. 
plates  engraved  at  the  expense  of  886 

Barrett,  family,  information  reipectlnr 

OsMT.  Mao«  YoIm  XXL 


Barrow,  Sir  J,  articles  eontributed  by 

to  Quarterly  Review  846 
Barwich,  family  of  2%.     corrections  1 14 
Barwis,  J,  Esq,  memoir  of  384 
Bateson,  R.  Esq,  memoir  of  540 
Bath  Abbey,  turrets  of  846 
Bedfordshire  Churches,  observations  on 

408 
Bennett,  J,  IV,  Ceylon,  &c.  115 
Bergerac,  C,  de,  861.      thoughts   bor- 
rowed from  i^^ 
Bernard  and  Barnard  608 
Bemay,  De,  arms  of  80 
Bertrand,  Gen,  memoir  of  381 
Bethune,  Lt.'CsL  D.  memoir  of  431 
Bewdley  Park,  old  candlesticks  found  at 

586 
Bid^le,  Mr,  N,  memoir  of  657 
Biographies,  French,  errors  in  157 
Birds*  bones,  discoveries  of  186 
Black,  Dr,  sale  of  library  of  890 
Blood  of  Hayles,  594 
Bohun,  monument  at  Westhall  598 
Bomfim,   Count,  revolutionary  attempt 

by  305 
Booksellers*  Provident  Institution,  gene. 

ral  meeting  of  406 
Bookworm,  on  destruc<ion  of  8.     bow 

destroyed  114,  596. 
Bordeaux,  Duke  of,  dismissal  of  persons 

for  addressing  189 
'  pronunciation  uf  488 

Brace,  Vice-Adm,  Sir  E,  memoir  of  430 
Bradley,  J,  Esq,  memoir  of  385 
Bray,  church-house  at  133 
Briggs,  H.  P,  Esq.  memoir  of  818 
Bristol,  sepulchral  effigies  found  at  636 
—   resrorMion  of  ReJcliffe  Church 

IK8 
Broilie,  Sir  B.    elected    corresponding 
member  of  the  R.  Academy  of  Scien- 
ces at  Paris  406 
Brooke,  Gen.  9V.  memoir  of  98 
Brougham,  Ld.  errors  in  "Statesmen" 
156.     Statesmen  of  the  time  of  Gcj, 
HI.  827 
Brown,  J.  B,  LL.D.,  memoir  of  93 
Browne,  Col.  J.  F,  memoir  of  654 
Bucket  handle,  iron,  discovered  IH6 
Buddhist  Temples,  described  188.     tem- 
ples of  India  SOO 
Buddie,  J,  Esq,  memoir  of  100 
Budget,  statement  of  638 
Bulwer,  H,  L.  prctentation  of,  at  Ma- 
drid 189 
Btmytm,  rtlict  of  Si9»    T 

OpiBlOMOflH 


674 


IndeMio9^Hfifi,iF€. 


Buonaparte,  aQtogprapbs  of  259 
Burdeti,  Sir  F,  memoir  of  314 
Burghs  family  of  338 
Bury  Hillf  Surrey,  notice!  of  367 
Bust,  CarthagiMian,  dvg  up  301 
Cabral  Ministry,  removal  of  5S7 
Caen,  abbey  of  376 

Casar,  mistake  of  tbe  Medway  for  the 
Thames  377.     contest  of  Cvstr  and 
Caswallon  379 
'  ff^ili,  discovery  of  858.    on  his 

paisa^e  of  tbe  Thames  600.    laodinf 
in  Britain  608 
Cakir  Cattle,  fortified  306 
CalminiuM,  St,  recovery  of  tbe  shrine  of^ 

at  La  Gudiie  85 
Camberwetl  new  ekurck,  spire  of  267 
Cambridge    Antiquarian   Society,    pro- 
ceeding of  583 

-   Camden  Society,  proceedinp 
of  408 

Holy  Sepulchre  Church  408 

— —    University,  prize  subjects  69, 

177.     essays  688 
Camden  Society,  proceedings  of  77»  688. 

local  secretaries  proposed  568 
Camilla  of  Virgil,  fleetness  of  33 
Canada,  proceedings  in  305 
Candles,  prices  of   111,  883»  335,  447, 

559,671 
CandUtticks,  found  at  Bewdley  Park  526 
Canina,  work  on  Christian  churches  73 
Canning,  Sir  S.  proceedings  at  tbe  Porta 

414 
Canton,  fire  at  305 
Cape  of  Good  Hope,  affairs  of  88 
Capel,  CO.  Surrey,  account  of  374 
Carislrooke,  gold  coin  found  near  185 
Carlos,  Rev,  J,  memoir  of  548 
■  descendants  of  the  family  of  568 

Carlotta  of  Spain,  Donna,  memoir  of  3 18 
Came,  Mr.  J,  memoir  of  656 
Carpenter,  J,  statue  of  179 
Caterpillar  Amulets  found  in  Ireland  588 
Cave  Temples  qf  India  188,  899 
Celts  found  in  Essex  899 
Ceylon  and  its   Capabilities,   by  J.  W. 

Bennett  115 
Chalice,  pewter t  ancient^  discovered  187 
Chancels,  in  Suffolk,  ruinated  8 
Charter  House,  relief  to  indigent  scholan 

by  71 
Chaucer,  G,  Sir  H.  Nicolai*s  Life  of  3 

wife  of  160 

Cheffontaines,  family  of  31 
Cheney,  family  of  338 
CAf7</tf /faroM  translated  intoGerman  516 
Chimcera  tomb,  removal  of  191 
CAtna,  affairs  of  82,305.   trophies  from  84 
China  Wall,  structure  of  80 
Chinese    Government,    treaty  with    189 
arrival  of  trophies  from  184.    medal 
*>(  merit  185 
^^hurst.  East,  St.  Joho*i  Church  at, 
ccrated  519 


Christians  in  Turkey,  proceedings  re- 
specting 414.  abiuring  Mahometan- 
Ism,  punishment  of  death  abolished  587 
Christina,  Queen,  entry  into  Madrid  587 
Churches,  on  tbe  proportions  of  30.  on 
tbe  form  of  135.  on  harmonic  pro- 
portion  in  136.  reparations  of  153, 
155.     restored  894 

Tswers  and  ^ree  265 

Churches,  New  5 1 7    oriental  ion  of  408 
.— —  Anglo-Saxon,  number  of  585 
Circassians,  defeat  tbe  Rusaians  88 
Citizen  of  the  World,  account  in  of  Drs. 

Rock  and  Franks  853 
CImlBngineers,  Institution  of,  premiums, 

7 1 .     proceedings  of  1 78 
Clarinda  Correspondence,  original  MSS. 

of  631 
Cleveland,  opening  of  tumuli  in  188 
Clisson,  bridge  erected  at  180 
Cloudy  Bay,  tragedy  near  189 
CoaU,  prices  of  111,  283,  335,  447,  559, 

671 
Cobden,  Mr,  on  protective  duties  413 
Cokns,  Roman  and  Burtnese  185.     brass, 
at  Saffron    Walden  581.      British  or 
Gaulish  584.    ancient,  found  at  Cowie 
585.    silver,  near  Edinburgh  637 
Cohe,  Lady  M,  account  of,  450 
Collar,  ancient  British  518 
Collier's  Edition  of  Shakespeare  563 
Comedy,  prize  for  the  best  awarded  630 
Commons  Inclosure  Bill  4\  1,  418 
Comoton,  Surrey,  church  of,  repaired  1 54 
Confession,  outward,  places  for,  114,  375 
Cooper,  Sir  A,  prixe  516 
Corh  and  Orrery,  Countess  of,  memoir  of 

197 
Otm,  prices  of  1 1 1 ,  883, 335, 447, 559,  67 1 
Cornish  Antiquities,  483.    destruction  of 

485 
Coroners,  County,  allowance  to  411 
Cortes,  when  born  157 
Courtenay,  Effigy  o/  a  381,  496 
Coway  Stakes,  Thames  not  crossed  at 

by  C«$ar  377 
Cowie,  coins  found  at  585 
Cretswell,  Rev,  Dr,  memoir  of  655 
Crewe,  Sir  G.  Bart,  memoir  of  199 
Croftes,  pedigree  of  153 
Crosby,  Sir  •/.  statue  of  179 
Cunobeline,  coins  of  584 
D^ant,  du,  dupes  of  158 
Delavigne,  M,  C,  memoir  of  102 
Design,  School  of  73  ;  branch  school  in 

Spitalfields  74 
Devonshire,  view  of  in  1630,  890 
Dickson,  Vice-Adm,  memoir  of  538 
D'lsraelVs    Curiosities    tf   Literature, 

errors  in  155 
Domesday  Book,  omissions  in  590 
Doncaster,  skeleton  found  near  187 
Dorking,  account  of  374 
Dorchester  Church,  Oxfordshire  568 
D'  Ortay,  Lady,  sale  of  autographs  of  1 78 


Index  to  Esiayi,  4^. 


675 


Dtti  Makmned,  sbot  190 
Dover,  openinf^  of  railway  to  414 
Dover   terminus,  Old  Kent-road>  acci- 
dent at  587 
Douglas,  Lord,  memoir  of  424 

Sir  R.  A.  Bart,  memoir  of  653 

DroU,  origin  of  the  word  384 
Druidieai  Antiquities  qf  Kent  377 
Dublin  University,  premiums  and  prixes 

69.    prizes  515 
Duelling,  debate  on  413 
Durham  University,  Pemberton  Fellow- 

sbip5l5 
Duruset,  Mr,  memoir  of  438 
Dyce,  Rev,  A,  on  Colliei^s  and  Knigbi's 

Editions  of  Sbakeipeare  563 
Ealdordom,  Anglo-Saxon,  the  develop- 
ment of  the  473 
Easter,  on  the  rules  for  finding  383 
Eccentric,  female,  extraordinary  599 
Ecclesiastical  Courts,  rise  and  progress 

of  34, 141 
Egyptian  Museum  at  Rome,  work  on  73 
Eligius,  St.  notice  of  365 
ElUnborough,  Lord,  superseded  641 
Engaine,  family  of  338 
J^nstoUe  Obscurorum  Virorum  490 
Erasmus,  number  of  volumes  of  489 
Essex,  ancient  weapons  found  in  399 
Etheldreda,  St.  Ely  Place,  opening  of  tbe 

chapel  of  for  the  Welsh  306 
Ethnological  Society,  inauguration  of  7 1 
Etruscan  Mus.  Ureg.  work  on  73 

City,  ancient  discovered  635 

Evesham,  history  of  the  town  of  637 
Evelyn,  glass  scratched  by  583 
Factoriet  Bill,   division  on   412.    new 

bill  introduced  638.     carried  640. 
Fane,  Rear-Adm.  memoir  of  653 
Fanshawe,  Miss  C  etchings  of  226,  338 
Farquharson,  Rev.  J.  n>emoir  of  S4 
Fawcett,  Mrs.  refusal  of  pension  to  412 
Female  Quixote,  Chap.  XI.  by  whom 

written  41 
Fenelon,  discovery  of  letters  of  264 
Figured  tiles,  on  pavements  of  492 
Fine  Artt,  Institute  of  tbe  74 
Fire,  destructive,   at  Manchester  414. 
at  other  places  J  92,  305,  306, 537, 641 
Fitzgerald,  Vice-Adm.  Sir  R.  L.  memoir 

of3I9 
Fitzwygram,  Sir  R.  memoir  of  317 
Font,  of  Scraptoft  346 
Fontanes,  Mary  of,  admiration  of  Vol- 
taire 160 
Forms  ^  Churches,  on  the  135 
Foster,  Rev.  J.  memoir  of  95 
Fouch^,  born  at  Nantes  156.    pretended 

memoirs  of  488 
Framlingham  Church,  monuments  in  79 
France,  affairs  of  81,  304,  641 
Franks,  Dr.  portrait  of  353 
Eraser,  Gen.  Sir  J.  memoir  of  92 
i^mc*  4M<t}Martan  Intelligence  536 


F^er,  M.  Esq.  memoir  of  434 
Fkneral  reUct,  near  Doncaster  187 
Galileo,  manuscripts  of,  discovered  516 
Geneviive,  St.  removal  of  the  Biblio- 

th^que  de,  at  Paris  73 
George   St.    Roman    Catholic    Church 

dedicated  to  180 
Gessoriacum,  Roman  remains  at  79 
Gibbon,  personal  defects,  &c.  of  158 
Gibbons,  Sir  J.  Bart,  memoir  of  653 
Glass  antiquities  discovered  519 

inscribed  by  J.  Evelyn  584 

Godfrey^  Sir  E.  B.  tankard  commemo- 
rating 380 
Goodman,  Mqj.-Gen.  memoir  of  539 
Gore,  Mrs.  her  comedy  of  Quid  pro  Quo 

630 
Goring,  Sir  C.  F.  memoir  of  653 
Gough,  Sir  H.  enters  Gwalior  413 
Grant,  Sir  R.  articles  by,  in  Quarterly 

Review  247 
Grant,  Mrs,  of  Laggan,  memoir  and 

correspondence  of  451,  57 1 
Cray,  opinion  of  Voltaire  IGO 
Greece,  affairs  of  81 
Gregory,  D.  F.  Esq.  memoirs  of  657. 
Grotius,  anecdote  of  491 
Gwalior  chirfs,  surrender  305.    capture 

of  4 13.     affairs  of  537 
Haccombe,  effigy  of  a  Courtenay  of  381 
Hackney,  manufactories  at  161 
Haigh,  Mr.  D.  H.  Saxon  coins  3 
Hal/ord,  Sir  H.  memoir  of  534 
Halifax,  explained  590 
Hall,  Commodore,  Chinese  trophies  of  84 

Dr.  G.  W.  memoir  of  203 

Hansard,  Mr,  T.  C.  statement  respect- 
ing the  Parliamentary  Debates  450 
Harding,  Joseph,  Esq.  memoir  of  101 
Hardinge,  Sir  H.  appointed  Governor- 
General  of  India  641 
Harley,  C.  G.  Esq.  memoir  of  96 
Harling,  West,  Norfolk,  improvements 

in  the  church  at  153 
Harmon,  Jeremiah,  Esq.  memoir  of  541 
——  pictures  632 
Hartlepool,  stones  discovered  at  187 
Hastings,  holy  water  stoup  at  246,  338 
— —  Marqueu  of,  memoir  of  419 
Hawstead  Lodge,  sale  of  191 
Hay  and  Straw,  prices  of  1  i  1,  333,  335, 

447,559,671 
Hayles,  the  blood  of  524 
Haymarket,  play-prize  290 
Hayti,  insurrection  in  641 
Heherden,  Rev.  T.  9th  Wrangler  226 
Henry  J,  tomb  of  opened  300 
Henry  IV,  autograph  letters  of  516 
Heriot,  Maj.^Gen.  Hon.  F.  G.  memoir 

of  540 
Hill,  Lord  FT.  memoir  of  533 
HiUingdon  House,  fire  at  641 
Hobler,  Mr.  memoir  of  543 
Holland,  Ex-King  of,  memoir  of  90 


Indof  to  Essays,  Sfc. 


676 


HoUis,  Mr.  T.  memoir  of  101 

Holy-water  Staup,  at  Hastings  346  338 

Holywell  Church,  restoratiun  of  Sd4 

H0^«,priceu(llI,2$3,335,447,559|67I 

Horton,  vault  discovered  at  636 

HouttoHf  G,  Etg.  roemuir  of  203 

HuUean  Prizei,  177 

Hume,  David,  self-cunceit  of  158. 

Iffley  Church,  repaired  S94 

India,  affairs  of  81,  641 

Indian  Jniiquitiet,  volume  of  188 

Ingleby,  lAeui.-CoL  W,  memoir  of  93 

Inscribed  Stones,  discovered  1 87 

Irby,  Uear^jidmiral  Hon,  F.  P.  memoir 

or  652 
Ireland,  ancient   levy   of  men   for  79. 
causes  of  her  estranf^^emeiit  263.     de- 
bate on  the  state  of  304 
Jocelyn,  Hon,  P,  memoir  of  314 
Johmon,  Dr.  chapter  by,  in  the  Female 

Qaixute  4 1 
Johnston,  Lieut.' Gen,  Sir  W,  memoir 

of  319 
Iter,  Roman,  from  London  to  Canter- 
bury 601 
Kent,  military  antiquities  of  290.    Bri- 
tish history  of  378 
Kershagh,  family  of  595 
Kettering  Church,  architecture  of  180 
Kind,  J.  F.  memoir  of  103 
Kingston,  co.  Leic.  Roman  urns  found 

at  526 
King   William's   College,  Isle  of  Man^ 

burnt,  19'i 
Knight* s  edition  of  Shakspeare,  563 
Lackington,  G,,  esq.,  memoir  of  549 
Lambeth,  new  Catholic  church  180 
Ijang/iorne,  an  imitator  of  Johnson,  361 
Latimer,  Lady,  effigy  of  162 
Leicester,  Earl  of,  monument  of  179 
Leighton  Buzzard,  church  at  1 55 
Lewis,  Island  of,  purchased  191 
Lisbon,  insurrection  at  414 
Literary  deceptions  258 

— Fund  Society,  annual  gentral 

meeting  of,  406.      55th   anniversary 
dinner  630 
Literature,  Royal  Society  of,  proceedings 

of  291 
Littleborough,    stained     glass    at     182. 
arms  in  the  winduw  of  Littleborough 
chapel  596 
Liverpool,  Royal  Institution  of,  prizes  7 1 
Lloyd,  Mr.  %%hcj4r>0 

London,    British  and,  Roman  255,  256. 
early,  on  the  banks  of  Wallbrook  SGG 
Lontdale,  Earl  of,  memoir  of  532 
Lounger's  Common  Place  Book,  compiler 

of  338 
Loudon,  J,  C  Esq,  memoir  of  206 
■  C,  A/./),  memoir  of  657 

Laujc,  J,  Esq,  memoir  of  205 
—    Sir  H,  memoir  of  320 
Lushkur,  iu  a  state  of  riot  190 


Luther,  price  paid  for  an  autograph  letter 

of  259 
Lyme  Regis,  fire  at  642 
Lynedoch,  General  Lord,  memoir  of  197 
Lytton,  Mrs,  B.  memoir  of  204 
''' Macbeth,"  printed  in  Dutch  73 
Macnaghten,  Sir  F.  TV,  memoir  of  3:20 
Maher,  V,  Esq,  memoir  of  203 
MalvefTi,  Great,  Church,  tiles  in  494 
Malvern  Priory,  refectory  ol  550 
Man,  Isle  of,  fire  at  192 
Manchester,  conflagration  at  414,  641 
Manuscripts,     ancient,     brought     from 

Greece  178 
Maria- Christina,     restoration     of    her 

pension  189 
Marrion,  M,  versatility  of  260 
Martin,  Miss  S,  memoir  of  543 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  pomander  of  525 
Mazar  Cap  described  80 
Mazzinghi,  Count,  memoir  of  322 
Meaux  ^bbey,  plan  of  562 
Medical  MSS,  account  of  409 
Medway,  druidical  erection  on  its  banks 

377 
Meols,  etymology  of  1 14, 247 
Merrow,  church  at  155 
Meteorological  Diary  112,  224, 336,  448, 

560,671 
Metonic  Cycle,  The  382 
Mexico,  proceedings  in  190 
Mwhael  yingelo,  autograph  receipt  of  258 
Milan,  scientific  meeting  at  177 
Minas,  M,  de,  MSS.  brought  to  Paris  by 

178 
Minchinhampton  Oiurch,  transept  of  292 
Mistranslation,  specimens  of  157 
Mosris,  Lake,  site  of  299 
Molihre,  remarks  on  159.     signature  of 

261 
Moore,  Adm,  Sir  G,  memoir  of  317 
Moorfields,  was  British  London  in  ?  254 
Morell,  Father  G,  work  by  72 
Morice,  J,  esq,  memoir  of  435 
Morrison,  Gen.  memoir  of  201 
■  /.  R.  esq,  memoir  of  210 

Mortality,  table  of  111,  223,  335,  447, 

559,671 
Mosheim*s  notice  of  St.  Eligius  365 
Mailer,  K,  O,  works  by,  publishing  73 
Mustard  Tree  of  Scripture  574 
Nanking,  porcelain  tower  of  525 
Napoleon,  autograph  of  73 
Nash,  Dr,  T.  MSS.  «»f  562 
Naworth  Castle,  fire  ai  642 
Neath  ytbbey,  impression  of  seal  of  450 
Necklace,  ancient,  of  cannel  coal  518 
Nedham,  Mqj,  G,  memoir  of,  539 
Nev'all  of  Lancashire,  family  of  593 
Newborough,  Lady,  memoir  of  313 
Newcastle,  Society  of  Antiquaries,  pro- 
ceedings of  298.    stained  glass  in  St. 

Peter's,  Newcastle  138 
NewfndeUf  memoir  of  2 


Indes  to  Esinys,  ^e. 


677 


New  Zealami,  tragedy  at  189 
Nkhfilnj  J*   G.  on  coar.nniKJur  of  fiih- 
niDugers  aivti  gokUmiibs  207 

— — ^- on. 1  patent  rtUtliig totlie 

ProU'i  fur  Somerset  4)0 
NichoiitOf$,  F.  Eftq.  niemjir  of  435 
Nkotat,  Sir  A\  //,  tui  t  Ijc  wifp  of  Chaucer 
I60-     dt!ip:ilclieSp  &c,  of  L*jrd  Nelion 
45D.     rvinnrk^  oji  Mr.  Banks  580 
Nunmm at ic  Society,  proccedingt  of  184, 

410,524 
Ottituaiy  window,  of  stained  glait  103 
O'Omnettf  Mr,  trial  of  30ti 
0*  //fl  Itu  ran ,  ilf cr;.  -  Gen ,  Slf  J,  memoir 

of  92 
rj/0:a^£i,  diatnissal  of  8L      seeks   refuge 

in  Puftngal  1H9 
Oregon  qmsMtionf  190 
Oriental wn  o/^  Church  *  408 
OrteanSf   Pfkiicss  C  of,  l>irth  of  a  son 

527 
Orthography^  of  places  489 
Oxford  Architectural  S^cictjff  proceed- 

ing*  of  7«,  294,  407,  6^33 
Dmt'aif  i/ii//,  pnrliculflrs  relating  lo  tl. 

ornametitAl  pJ^te  ai  J  50 
Pane*  of  Gta*s,  from  Wot  ton  583 
Pari*,  forrifica lions  of  4 1 2 
Partiamenff  opening  of  30$.     proceed- 

ang«  in  4M,  6.i8 
Paut^i  St.  Old^  hiring  of  servant i  in  28 
Pemberion  FeltttWihipj  founded  5 1 5 
PerriwigSf  advertisement  of  384 
Pharos^  ancient  186 
Phi  tips,  R.  Esq.  memoir  of  640 
Phitosopherji\  ungainly  159 
Pifgrhn'i    Progress,    prott«type«   of    39. 
Dr.  Jolitn3oir&  opinion  on  1L4.     early 
editions  of  368,     copy  of  tbe  fVrit  edi- 
tion of,  discovered  482 
Pious  Fraud i,  364 

Piran,  St,  in  the  Sand,  chureh  of  483 
Pitt,  article  of  cbaracier  of,  in  Qoarierly 

Review  247 
Pttf mouth ,  Ea ri  of,  m e m o i  r  o f  3 1 3 

• ►,  Breakwater  ligijtliou«e  6'42 

Pomander  sf  Marif  Queen  of  Scoit,  525 
Pofift^  eleclioii  of  363 
Portavo  Home,  fire  at  306 
Porter,  Sir  tL  K.  driiwing*  by  hid 
Porttigaif  disturbances  in  305,     termi- 
nated 04 1 
Prenervttiioti  of  ancient   monuments^  AEG 
Pretlon,  Porsi^t,  Koiitari   re-niain*  al  Itto 

-I  Mr.  nu-itakts  liy  157 

*,  IVm.  conftecratiun  of  $S6 
Princeton  fiigatt^  lost  of  life  on  bo&rd 

of  413 
Printtfi*  JlmBhoUie  Fund,  631 
Prhe  Etintfi,  630 
Prmsia^  royal  vault i  30O 
Punjaub,  anarchy  of  8 1 
f}uarendon  chapet^  rutns  of  523 
Si^arlcff  commutiicationi  reipecting563 


Quarterly   ReintWf  list  of  conlributori 
to    J37»   577*     classical    iQidvertrnce 
of  158.  iiAme<i  of  the  originators  u(  246 , 
Queen* s  visit  to   Cambridge,  2.     vi&it  to* I 

Sir  R.  Peel  82 
/?«o«fifi^>co[npletioikof  coon ty  gaol  at  183 
Retigio  Medicir  of  Sir  T.  Browne  290 
Utpeal  of  the  Unions  consequences  of  263 
Retenue,  the  statement  of  191 
Ridley f  Bp.  episcopal  seal  of  114 
Rip&n  Caihedrai,  repairs  of  18S 
Roeke,  Mr.  miisal  SO 
Rocl,  Dr.  portFAlt  of  $53 
Rodes,  Rev,  C  //.  R.  memoir  0/436 
Roger jt,  Mr,  Johuj  memoir  of  6^58 
Roman  VathoUc  Church, »i  Lambctb  ISO 

itert  from  London  to  Cambridjce, 

601 

• remains t   near    Wcymouib    165 

near  Cambridge  524 
Roos^  family  of  333 
Roifceet  fV.  S,  £#Y'  niemoir  of  9C 
Roteita  Stone,  duplicate  discovered  ^98 
Rotherham  Cburebipaiotiiig  found  irt  b'i^i 
Routteau tJ,  J.^tl f -co  1 1 ce i i  o f  J  5 9 .    b ig b 

value  of  books  pusst-Bsed  by  261 
Royal  Georgty  total  clearing  of  83 
Ro^al  Soeieii/,  anniversary  meeitfj"-  6^, 

distribution  of  medals  177 
Russia,  proceedings  in  305 
Si,  Priest,  Count  <fe,  work  by  72 
5l.  Sauige,  GaUa-Roman  town  near  526 
Samian  ware^    towns  wbere  manufac. 

tured  '^56.     of  Roman  Lottdon  369 
Sandwich  hiandf,  restored  to  the  king  89  { 
Santa  .4nna,  re-elected  190 
Savage,  Mr,  W.  memoir  of  98 
Saving i  banks,  new  billon  639 
Sajce-  Col^rg^  Grand  Duke  e/«nemoir3  f  I 
School  of  Design,  notice  of  73 
Schreiber,  Dr.  on  mosaic  at  Pompeii  73 
Scimtifie  Congreu,  of  France,  arrange- 
ment of  «48 
Scinde,  operations  in  413 
Scotch  settlers  in  Ei^gland  191 
Scraptoft,  old  font  of  '246 
Saiverius,  anecdote  of  491 
Seal  of  Arcbdcaeon  Simon  Langton  l8J, 
of  Charles  11.  for  tbe  counties  of  Car- 
niarihin,  Cardigan,  atid  Pembroke  ib 
Seary^  misprint  for  Scary  t  '226 
Seatonian  pnzct  subject  of  177 
Seguier,  tf\  Ett/.  me  mo  tr  of  97 

prints,  pictures,  &c.  631 

SetJ'^C0nceit,  instances  o(  158,  159 
S^ukhral  Mtones,  %i  Hartlepool  l«7 

eJfigieSf  found  at  Bristol  <i3G 

Settlers,  Ktigtish  and  Scotch,  compara- 
tive iiumbtr  of  191 
Sha/tj  ancietTt,  described  185,  186 
Stiakcfpcare,  printed  in  Diitch  7^*.  price 
of  autographs  of  260,  Calher*s  ai.d 
Kn)gbi*s  editions  of  b^Z^  locrcti, 
proceedings  of  6^2? 


678 


tnie»  to  SsiOfi,  ^c. 


Shares,  pricei  of  III,  238,  .135,  447, 

559,671 
Sheridan,  C.  £.  memoir  of  433 
Shrine,  proeted^ngg  to  recorer  S5 
Sidi  Emharack,  killed  83 
Sidmouth,  FUceuni,  memoir  or4ld 
Signet  King  of  fine  gold  deKribed  520 
Sitk  Gun,  Chinese,  arrires  at  Windsor  84 
Simton,  JJeuL-CM,  R.  memoir  of  655 
Sinclaire  tf  Uttjster,  illegitimaey  of  591 
Sixtut  V.  election  of  363 
Skeletons  discovered  187.    human,  dif« 

covered  533 
Sleep  to  be  procured  during  pain  864 
Smith,  Prtf.  error  by  157 
■  Mrs,  /.  T,  on  Thorvaldaen  563 

Smithfield,  prices  at  111,  323,  335,  447, 

559,671 
South'Eastem  Railwaif,  between  Folke- 
stone and  Dover,  openinjcof  414 
Spain,  affairs  of  81,  304,  414,  641 
Speech  qfHer  Majesty  303 
iS^e,  oldest  in  the  country  366 
Stained  Glass  at  LUtUhorough  183 
Stanhope,  Lord,  erroneous  assertion  by  156 
Stanley,  Lard,  of  Alderley,   antiquities 

exhibited  by  518,  519 
Statues  for  th§  eiip  tf  London  179 
Stephenson,  S.  Esq.  memoir  of  311 

Re9.  O.  memoir  of  333 

Stiglmayer,  /.  B,  memoir  of  657 
Stocks,  pricei  of  113,  334,  336,  448,  560, 

671 
Stowting,  antiquities  discovered  at  533 
Stretham,  fire  at  641 
Stunica,  /.  L,  attainments  of  489 
St^olk,  topography  of  597 
Sweden,  King  of,  memoir  of  647 
Swedenborg,  E,  letter  written  with  bis 

own  blood  359 
Tahiti,  proceedings  respecting  411 
Tallow,  prices  of   HI,   333,  335,  447, 

559,671 
Tarttiffe,  Buonaparte's  criticiim  on  159 
Taylor,  9F.  of  Norwich,  life  and  writings 

of  339 
Tegg  Scholarship,  406 
T^Umague,  original  MS.  of  364 
Thames,  derivation  of  356 
Theodosius  for  Theodoricus  336 
Thorn,  Lieut.-CbL  Sir  fF,  memoir  of  430 
Thorvaldsen,  memoir  of  546 
Three-and'Half  per  Cents,  reduced  411 
T\ckhill,  St.  Leonard's  hospital  373 
TMes,  figured,  on  pavements  of  493 
Titian* s  Venus,  179 
Tixall  Estate,  sale  of  527 
Tokens,  provincial,  little  value  of,  336 
Towers  and  Spires,  church  265 
TVeport,  panorama  of  1 80 
Troll,  meaning  of  the  word  384 
Trows  of  the  Zetlandert,  383 


7\tmuli  in  CUveland,  opening  of  188 
7\irkey,  affairs  of  414,  537 
T^ler,  President,  message  of  190 
tfnion  with  Ireland,  design  of  363 
United  States,  proceedings  of  the  190 
Urns,  near  Ramsgate,  discovered  583* 

at    Kingston,  near  Keg  worth,   536. 

British,  near  Newcastle  637 
Vawdrey,  D.  Esq,  memoir  of  305 
Ventu,  by  Titian,  discovery  of  179 
Vemmu,  of  Sudbury  450 
Vienna,  restoration  of  the  spire  of  St, 

Stephen  292 
VUHers,  Bon,  E,  E,  memoir  of  90 
Virtuosi  Provident  Fund,  631 
Voltaire,  Napoleon's  opinion  of  160 
Von  HiUten,  P.  anecdotes  of  490 
Vowel  in  Latin  words,  quantity  of  236 
Wak^ld,  Capt,  retreat  of  190    memoir 

of  301 
Wallace,  Lord,  memoir  of  435 
Wallhrook,  extent  of  366 
Waller,  T,  Esq,  murder  of  31 1 
Warhurton,  Dr.  anecdote  of  159 
Waste  land,  number  of  acres  of  41 1 
fVay,  Lt.-Gen.  Sir  G,  /f.  E.  memoir 

of  537 
Wellesley,  change  of  name  from  Wesley, 

360 
Wellington,  Duke  qf,  bronxe  statae  of 

179.    on  the  com  Uw  41 1 
fVest  Marling  Church,  153 
fVestminster  play,  Dec.  1843,  69 
fVight,  Isle  ^,RomsLn  coins  found  in  185 
fVllbraham,  Hon,  R.  B,  memoir  of  654 
fVilliam  the  Conqueror^  charter  of  3 
William  IV,  site  of  the  statue  of,  at 

London  179 
fVtUiams,  Mrs,  burnt  to  death  527 
Wills,  i(c,  publication  of  2 
Wilson,  ofMerton,  family  of  338 
Wiltshire,  prise  essays  on  agriculture  of 

630 
Winchester,  Marquess  of,  memoir  of  313 
Windsor,  consecration  of  private  chapel 

fVithcall,  sale  of  farm  at  191 
Withers,  G,  <<  Salt  upon  Salt*'  369 
fVood,  G,  fV,  Esq,  memoir  of  304 
fVoolpit  Church,  Suffolk,  restoration  in 

295 
Wootton,  coins  found  at  1 85 
Worsley,  Lord,  on  the  indosure  of  com-^ 

mons  411 
Wren,  Sir  C,  library  of  384 
Wrench,  Benjamin,  memoir  of  438 
fVright,  Mr,  J.  memoir  of  437 
Wynne's  Bard  qf  Steep,  33 
Xanthian  expedition,  operations  of  191 
Zodiac  Cave,  described  188 
Zoological  Society,  annual  meeting  630 


INDEX  TO  BOOKS  REVIEWED. 


Merman^  J.  Y,  Ancient  Coini  620 

At'i'hitei'tura  €aH(mica  60 

Aunt  E(ean&r*i  Ledureif  on  Architftiure 

61 

Bttrhamt  F,  hUt^  of  Reucblin  28J 
HetiaiTM,  H*  W,  Talet  of  tbe  Tuiwfi  6d 
BkkerMieth^s  Promised  Glory  65^ 
BilHngi*t  lUtuitationi  of  Durhum  Cath^* 

drat  t63 
Blamtw,  W,  H.  Baront*  War  610 
Blanche  Cretsingkam  6S 1 
Bourget  eothtdrai  51^6 
BoUfu^  R.  C*rrespondenee  uf  :f85 
Briionniat    a  German    ieleclion    froDi 

English  Poets  2^0 
Browne,  Sir  T,  Rcligio  Medici  510 
Buckhf^i  Bemarh  on  fFajfside  Churthts 

394 
Bumetft  D€9tripium  of  Genoa  623 
Cant,  a  Satire  59 

Vary,  H,  Menioriali  of  the  CiviJ  War  40 
Ckamocky  M.  A.  E.  Legendary  Rbymea  58 
Churchman* 8  Companion  69 
Common  Prayer^  Book  of  309 
Comiihy  S.  M  Episcopaliafil 
Cruden,  R.  P.  Hiitory  of  Graveieml  617 
CfiJfiAr,  Marq.qff  Empireof  the  Ciar*397 
Daify  Service  1  Order  of  16^ 
Baviee.J.  Essay  S 10 
He  Fete^  A.  Searcb  after  Froierpiiie  505 
X}icke$t3*t  ChriHmas  Carol  170 
EtanAi  Rev.  J.  Statu tet  of  the  Fourth 

CouncU  of  Late  ran  62 
Fiskt  G.  Pastor**  Memorial  S84 
F^uqui,  Be  La  MotUt  Tales  from  61 
Freeu.J,  W,  The  Latin  Govemeia  59 
Garhett's  Paroehiai  Sermont  165 
Getseoyne,  Rev,  R,  The  Pal ri Arch  510 
God  ley's  Letters  from  Canada  621 
Goode,  W.  Two  Treati«e«  400 
Grant  Rev,  /.  Dtseouri cf  400 
Gresiey,  W,  Anglo-Catholicitra  505 
Haltont    Ret:,    T,     Exposition    of    the 

Church  Catechiiin  h9 
Hebrews  XL  Exposition  of  S84 
Binit  towards  the  FormaHon  of  Charac-' 

ter,  17  i 
Holy  Baptism^  Prayersy  tfc.  173 
Hope^  A,  J*  B*  Poems  by,  60 
HitgOf  Mmor,  Hinlt  for  Railway  Tra- 
vellers 390 
Huntti't  Reo.  J,  New  Illiislratioi}!  of  the 

Life  of  Sbakcipcare  4£>7 
Jsabeliet  a  Tale  of  Spain  179 
hentftrg  and  Kroff**  Journali  629 
Kennedy*  t  Poems  167 
King  Henry  the  Second,  1 66 
King's  Georgickt  of  t^trgil  171 
Laing,  S,  Heimtknnfila  603 


Lancashire  Civil   War,  Trjteti  relatfnf 

to  608 
Lee,  E^  Baths  of  Germany  17$ 
Letters  io  my  Chiidr^n,  63 

from  the  yWgim  JtUmds,  m 

Lodge  t  Peerafe  S85 
Mannings  Arckd,  Sermons  5:^ 

■ . ,  Holy  Baptitm  173 

Manual  of  BevoHonf  171 

Marriott ^  Rev,  C,  Serroons  509 

Mew  and  fFomeUt  400 

Merivale*t  Minor  Poemi  by  Schiller  614 

Methumt  H,  N*  Poems  S08 

Mott,  J,  T.  Last  Days  of  Francis  L  56 

Moulirie,  J.  Dream  of  Life  281 

Ovfenf  /,  Preliminary  Exercitai  ions  2d$i 

Page,  Rev,  7\  Letter  to  Ld.  Aihtey6t 

Pof  el,  F.  The  Paseani  171 

F,  E,  Sermons  504 
Pettigrew,  T,  J*  Superititioiis  in  Medi- 
cine and  Surgery  <276 
Pickering,  Miss  E,  The  Grumbler  62 
Portraits  of  Martyrs,  fyc.  6:i 
Psalms,  Remarks  on  the  Book  of  171 
Raven's  Family  Prayers  6SS 
Rector  in  search  ^a  Curate  168 
Remarks  <m  the  Book  of  Psmlmt  509 
Remedies  eugguted^  i(e,  6S0 
Retzsch,  M.  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor 

73, 
Ridgw4y^  The  Faith  once  delivered  6^1 
Rivers,  Rose  Amateur  Guide  283 
Roberts,  Mrs,  M.  The  Spiritual  Crea- 
ture, 59 
Robinson* s  History  qf  Hackney  161 
Sanderson's  Thoughts,  &c.  I7l 
Skaw,  U,  Alphabets,  &c.  3B9 
Skurray,  F,  Metrical  Version  of   tbe^ 

Ptalms  59 
Smith,  /.  on  the  Growth  of  the  Peach  509 
Sterling,  J,  Strafford  399 
Stodart,  M,  A,  Female  Wrilen  59 
Taylor,  S,  Writing  of  54 

fK  Anti<]utties  of  fQnr'i  Lynn 

388 
Theodaretus,  History  of  the  Church  69 
Thomson,  Mrs.  The  White  Mask  399 
rtllage  Churchy  a  Poem  279 
^ale.  Rev.  J,  M,  Agnea  de  Tracy  60 
H^ard,  J,  Borough  of  SCoke.upoii*Treilt 

273 
Watson,  Rev,  A,  Sermons  399 
f^augh,  Rrr>.  D.  J.  The  British  Church  6  % 
White's  Ecclesiastical  Law  39B,  6J9 
Williams,  Rev»  /.  Study  of  the  Gospelt 

280 
fftlHchU  T^the  Ta^A-t, Supplement  to  f 85 
f^ordsworth,  ^  Select  Poems  63,  284 
fTrigkt,  T.  St,  Patrick's  Purgatory  57 
Yalesf  Mrs.  Autumn  in  SwitzerUad  lOJ 


fi80 


INDEX  TO  BOOKS  ANNOUNCED. 


yi.  Beckei,  Remarks  691 
yidair,  Sir  R,  Historical  Memoir  623 
Agiiation,  a  Poetical  Essay  175 
Akermttn^Coixit  of  Cities  and  Princes  515 
Jlder,  Pearl  of  Peristan  403 
jlijkri,  Philip,  a  Tragedy  635 
jfliquit,  Sir  Wbystleton  Muf^g^es  513 
Allan,  J.  H.  Pictorial  Tour  64 
Alliet,  T.  W.  Sermons  634 
Jmbrote  Ward,  174 
Ancient  CkriMtianUy  S88 
Anderton,  A.  on  a  Ship  Canal  at  Suez  64 
Animated  Nature,  Mamroalia  177 
Anketel's  Resident  Ixtndlords  986 
Annali  of  the  Four  Mattere,  515 
Annual  MonUw  for  1844,  173 
Antigua  and  the  Antiguant  1 73 
Anti-Monmlitt,  on  the  Coal  Trade  64 
ArchboUi,  New  Practice  404 
Architecture  in  England  176 
Arittoeracy  of  Britain  401 
Armstrong,  Six  Lectures  175 

Influence  of  Climate  289 

— — ^—  on  Monuments  S90 
Arnold,  Latin  Exercises  696 
Artixan,  Tiie  405 
Authori  Publication    Society,    Reasons 

for  176 
Avrillon,  Guide  A09 
Ayckboum,  Chancery  Practice  404 
Aiftoun,  Sir  R,  Poems  625 
Backgammon  ?90 
Bailie,  Fasciculus  288 
Ballads,  and  other  Poems  175 
Ballantine,  J.  Miller  of  Deanbaugb  513 
Bangor,  Bishop  qf,  Cbarire  65 
Banks,  Baronia  Angrlica  623 
Banniiter's  Survey  of  the  Holy  lAtnd  287 
Baptistery,  The  403 
Barham,  T.  F,  Enkheiridion  67 
Barnes*  Poems  625 
Burr's  Journal  624 
Barrow,  J.  Life  of  Drake  64 
Basire,  J.  Locomotive  Engine  68 
Bateman,  J.    Why  do  you  btlieve  the 

Bible?   512 
Bayley,  Cinderella,  175 
Bayly,  Sung s  2d 8 
Beale,  Ricbxrd  111.401 
Beamhh,  R.  Cold  Water  Cure  68 
Beattie,  The  Danube  402 
Becker's  Callus  626 
Bfll,  T.  Reptiles  68 

R.  Mothers  and  Daughters  626 

/.  Compofiitiuiis  627 

Jteresford,  //.  Arabic  Syntax  67 
Bernard,  Four  Homilies  288 

■   ■  W,  Z).  Voyage  of  the  Nemesis 

512 
Bemay*s  Two  Lectures  627 


Best,  Rev,  S.  Companion  66 
Bickersteth,  Promised  Glory  287 
Bickersteth,  Geneva  512 
Billings,  Ketterinff  Church  17G 
Blaauw,  The  Barons'  War  401 
Black's  General  Atlas  512 
Blackie,  A,  B,  Wuod  Pavement  68 
Blanc,  History  of  Ten  Years,  401 
Blanche  Creseingham  404 
Blunt,  Posthumous  Sermons  287 
Bonar,  Memoir  of  M<Cheyne  624 
Bonaventure,  St.  Life  of  Jesus  Christ  512 
BonweU,  James,  Sermons  402 
Book  of  Symbols  69:^ 
Bosanquet,  Objections  to  Pusey  288 
Bowman,  Ecclesiastical  Architecture  627 
Boyle,  M,  L,  Bridal  of  Melcha  513 
Bradjfield,  A  Russian's  Reply  401 
Bradshaw,  Moments  of  Thought  402 
Brandard,  Rob,  Scraps  from  Nature  405 
Brc^,  Mrs,  Courtenay  513 
Bremer,  New  Sketches  175 

Strife  and  Peace  175 

The  Bondmaid  404 

Britannia  ^iZ 

Brock,  Experience  of  the  Truth  403 

Brockedon,  fT,  Italy  64 

Brodie,  Introductory  Discourses  176 

Brothers,  The  66 

Brougham,  J  And,  Mixed  Monarchy  64 

Browne,  T,  B,  National  Bankruptcy  513 

Browne,  Sir  T.  Works  by  M.  Peace  ?90 

Browning,  Huel  Morvan  625 

Btydges,  Sir  H.  J,  Ameers  of  Scinde  64 

Buchanan,  D.  Inquiry  51 1 

Buckingham's  Mary  Stuart  173 

Buckler,  on  Way.side  Chapels  405 

Buckley,  Simple  Psalmody,  405 

Buds  of  Thought  hVi 

£uU,  S.  Baptisms  uf  Scripture  66 

Bullar,  J,  Lay  Lectures  512 

Bunnell,  Description  of  Genua  287 

Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress  287 

Burgess,  Rev.  R,  Observations  512 

Burke,  Heraldic  lllusirations  176 

Burns,  (Jhristian  Fragments  6^4 

Burton,  Supf>leinent  404 

Leciurts  624 

(Aiirna,  on  Moral  Freedom  401 
(Mlabrella,  B,  de,  Piism  69 
Caldwell,  Re&ults  uf  Reading  289 
Caleb  Slukely  66 
Caley,  E.  S.  Reasuns  5 1 1 
Calvert,  Psalter  and  Canticles  405 
Cameron,  James  uf  the  Hill  288 
Can  fVoman  regenerate  Society  /  174 
Canada,  Church  in  175 
Cardi,  Few  Leaves  176 
Cardinal  de  Retz  513 
Carlen,  Rose  of  Tistleton  626 


Index  to  Books  Annouiieed. 


661 


Carwe,  F.  W,  Story  of  Gottfried  513 

Carpenter^  Notices  of  Van  Dyck,  &c.  688 

Catherine  Douglas  175 

Catherwood't  Fiews  623 

Cattermole,  Literature  of  the  Church  of 
England  287 

Chapmarif  Brief  Description  627 

CAar/o//tf£ltza^A,Itrael'B  Ordinaoces  66 

'  Irish  History  286 

Chatsworth  403 

Chatterttmf  Lady t  AWnnsion  175 

Cheket  Sir  /.Translation  of  St.  Matthew 
65 

Chetnittryf  Organic,  Introduction  to  176 

Cherry*s  Jllusiraiions  625 

Cherwellt  Happy  Hours  176 

Child: 9  Book  of  Homilies  403 

Own  Book  qf  Animals  514 

Chitty  on  Pleading  67 

Choral  Service  290 

Christie*s  Oblation  625 

Christmas  Tales  176 

Circulation^  Reasons  against  Interference 
with  the  511 

Civil  Engineers t  Proceedings  of  627 

Clarke,  Thorough  Drainage  405 

Clayt  Sir  IF,  Remarks  623 

Close y  Rev,  F»  Tendency  of  Church  Prin- 
ciples 66 

■■    ■      Examination  403 

I  Church  Architecture  614 

Cobhin^  Rev.  L   fiihle  Reader's  Hand- 
book 518 

Cockton,  The  Sisters  288 

Cod/ord  Si,  Mary,  Memorials  of  512 

Collier,  Romances  used  by  Shakespeare 
67 

'  Works  of  Shakspeare  404 

Colls,  Utilitarianism  Unmasked  286 

Conchology  289 

Confessions  of  a  Whitefooi  402 

Comic  Album,  1844,  177 

— —  Arithmetic  175 

Connell,  J,  Differential  Calculus  514 

Constancy  and  Contrition  625 

Cooke,  Value  of  Landed  Property  405 

— — ^  Law  of  Defomation  626 

Cooper,  J,  F,  Ned  Myers  66 

Cormaek,  Natural  History  176 

Com  Laws,  &c.  Letter  on  286 

Defended  401 

Cornwall,  Transactions  of  the  R.  G.  S.  of 
68 

Coronation  Oath,  Inquiry  as  to  the  511 

Costello,  L,  8.  Memoirs  401 

B6arn  512 

Cottage  Dialogues  5 1 2 

CotterUl,  Rule  of  Three  514 

Cotton,  Letters  to  Cottagers  176 

Crabb,  G,  Digest  of  the  Statutes  67 

Crane,  G.  Principles  of  Language  67 

Crewe,  Funeral  Sermon  403 

Cruden,  R,  P,  History  of  Gravesend  65 

Cruveilhier,Dr,  Descriptive  Anatomy  513 

Cummtng,  Occasional  Discourfei  174 
GsNT.  Ma««  Vol.  XXI. 


Cumming,  Psalms  of  David  174 
Cureton,  Oriental  Text  Society  176 
Curling,  H,  Soldier  of  Fortune  66 
Dale,  First  Companion  174 

Sabbath  Companion  287 

Dalton,  Providence  of  God  287 
Daly,  Bishop,  Primary  Charge  65 
Dana,  the  Buccaneer  403 
D*Arlincourt,  Vise,  The  Three  Kingdoms 

512 
Darwin,  C,  Zoology,  &c.  68 
— — -  Geological  Observations  404 
David,  Pictorial  History  of  France  173 
Davies,  T.  on  Late  Hours  of  Business  64 

a  M,  History  of  Holland  511 

Davis,  Resources  of  Farmers  176 

Principles  of  Physiognomy  67 

i>ar,  Practice  in  Office  of  Master,  &c.  626 
Day,  S,  Historical  Collections  511 
De  Crespiffny,  My  Souvenir  403 
Delamotte,  Historical  Sketch  624 
Dendy,  W,  C  Disease  of  the  Skin  68 
Durham,  Architectural  Illustrations  of 

176 
Denison,  Theory  of  Gravitation  289 
■  Cricketer's  Companion  627 

De  Quincey,  Logic  401 
Dibdin,  Sermons  625 
Dickens,  Christmas  Carol  176 
D* Israeli,  Coningsby  625 
Doctrine  of  Changes  401 
Donaldson* s  Varronianus  626 
DonoughMe,M\\ton  176 
Draper-,  B.  H,  Stones,  &c.  68 
Duelling y  Thoughts  of  512 

Plan  to  Abolish  512 

Duke,  G.  Memoir  of  Sir  C.  Wearg  64 
Dunbar,  G.  Greek  Prosody  67 
Dunkin,  /.  History  of  Dartford  515 
Dunn,  J.  Oregon  Territory  624 
Dyce,  A.  Works  of  Skelton  67 
— — —  Remarks  on  Editions  of  Shak- 

spere  626 
Eagle  Cliff,  176 
East,  Western  Africa  402 

Discourses  624 

Edward  Somers  66 

Edwards,  Payne's  Universum  177 

Appeal  288 

Eleventh  Hussars,  Historical  Record  of 

173 
Ellicott,  C.  /.  History  of  the  Sabbath  512 
Elliott,  Tales  for  Boys  66 

Hor«  Apocalyptiras  287 

Emerson,  Method  of  Nature  289 
Enderby,  Distress  of  the  Nation  286 
Erskine,  Gospel  Sonnets  625 
Etched  Thoughts,  by  Etching  Cliib  515 
Ethros,  Huw  to  Tax  286 
Eylei't,  Bp,  Religious  Life  624 
Eyton,  On  Artificial  Manures  289 
Farming  for  Ladies,  627 
Fearn,J.  Schism  512 
Fearne,  C,  On  Contingent  Remainders  67 
FetiSf  Music  Explained  290 
4  S 


662 


Index  to  Booh  Announoei. 


Fielding,  H,  B.  Sertum  Plantarum  68 
Finlayj  G.  Greece  under  the  Romant  63 
Fitchett,  Kiiif?  Alfred  403 
Fleming  and  Tibhin9yKt»y9\D\c\\otiATyA0A 
Flower t  Sunday  Mutinfs  66 

■  EMfrlish  Grammar  S89 
FlugeVt  Dictionary f  Abridged  67 
Foretter'a  Daughter  513 
fbrteeque,  EarU  Seleetion  626 
Fothery*i  Hymnty  6S5 
Foster,  The  Married  State  64 

HUtorioal  Geography  409 

Lectures  624 


-  Contributions  626 


Fouque,  B.  de  la,  Aslanga  67 

Fowler t  on  the  Blind,  &c.  174 

Francis,  Electrical  Experiments  405 

F-ee  Trade,  Letter  on  286 

F^rench,  Practical  Remarks  514 

Froistari,  lUutlrations  to  990 

F)ry,  Highways  Act  67 

Statutes  627 

Fullerton,  Ellm  Middleton  625 

Gailhabaud,  J,  Architecture  68 

Garbett,  The  Temple  288 

Gardiner,  Sir  R.  Memoir  of  Adm.  Gra- 
ham 623 

Gamer,  County  of  Stafford  289 

Gaapey,  Laurence  Stark  SQ 
»  Lord  Cobham  173 

Gaston  de  Fbix  513 

Gauuen,  Geneva  625 

GUtraltar,  Handbook  for  287 

Giles,  Works  of  Bede  401 

Gillespie^  G.  Aaron's  Rod  65 

Gillson,  Discourses  174 

Godolphin  66 

Godwin,  Facts  and  Fancies  626 

Pilgrim's  Progress  626 

Goldsmith,  Advance  of  Science  514 

Goode,  Altars  prohibited  627 

Gordon,  Fortunes  of  the  Falconers  403 

Gore,  Mrs,  Modem  Chivalry  66 

Gorham,  /.  Equivalent  514 

Gould, «/.  Birds  68 

Gourrier,  Natural  Catholicity  402 

Government  Situations,  Guide  to  286 

Govett,  Gospel  Analogies  287 

C;f7iii/,  Memoir  286 

Missions  to  the  Heathen  S87 

Grave  Digger,  The  6G 

Green/ell,  Epistles  of  Barnabas  402 

Greenland,  Scenes  iu  174 

.■  Tree  Lifier  404 

Campaign  in   Aff^hanistan 

511 

Gregan-Craufurd,   Essay  on    Dcv»-lop- 
nifnt  of  Functions  514 

Cresley,  fV,  Anglo-Cathvlicism  512 

Griffiths,  Writing  l>esk  405 

Crindrod,  Wrongs  of  our  Youth  174 

Gully,  Mr,  Journal  by,  &c.  173 

Hagen,  Political  Economy  623 

//a//,  British  Ballads  175 

Phreoo.Magnet  289 

Hal  iwetif  «/•  0»  Nortcry  Rhymei  67 


Halm,  Griselda  175 
Hankinson,  God*s  Pastoral  Care  403 
Hannam,  on  Waste  Manures  627 
Harding^  St.  Stephen,  Life  of  402 
Harris,  Highlands  of  Ethiopia  174 
Harrison,  J.  Essay  513 
Hart,  on  Mechanics  405 
Hartley,  Claudine  Migiiot  625 
Haverty^  Wanderings  in  Spain  402 
Haughion,  Middle  System  626 
Hawkins,  Warrants  of  Attorney  514 
Hay,  Diaper  Designs  515 
Hebrew-  English  Lexicon  5 1 3 
HerseheU,  Visit  to  my  Father-land  624 
Heugh,  H.  Religion  in  Geneva  512 
Hill,  R.  on  Penny  Postage  286 
— ^  Rev.  G.  D.'Sermons  512 
Hinds,  Botany  of  the  Voyage  in  the  Sul- 
phur 176 
Hirst,  7*.  Hymns  513 
•*—  Zephyr  625 
Hoby,  Dr,  Narrative  6Q 
Hoeken,  Ophthalmic  Medicine  626 
Hodges,  J,  fV,  Vision  of  Julian  66 
Hoffman,  Vigil  of  Faith  175 
Ho/land,  Mrs.  Unloved  One  175 
Holland,  Diseases  of  the  Lungs  289 
— —  Churches  in  Division  of  514 
Holiingworth,  History  of  Stowmarket  624 
HoUhaus,  P.  D.  Wanderings  65 
Honour,  a  Tale  404 
Hood's  WhimsieuHiies  175 
Hooker,  Sir  W.  Journal  of  Botany  68 
Hope,  Hymns  of  the  Church  625 
Hwkins,  Connection  of   Geology  with 

Terrestrial  Magnetism  405 
Hopwood,  Elisha's  Staff  287 
Homblower,  Mrs.  Poems  288 
Home,  New  Spirit  401 
HowUt,  Jack  of  the  Mill  175 

Child's  Picture  Book  175 

.  Love  and  Money  1 76 

Hubback,  Evidence  of  Sueceuiou  626 
Hubbard,  Currency  and  the  Country  174 
Hughes,  Rev.  /.  Sermons  887 

».  «/.  G.  on  Pu«eyism  288 
Huish,  Scripture  Charaoten  174 
Hullah,  Pan  Music  177 
— ^  Introductory  Lecture  290 
Humphrey's  Anglican  Church  174 

Practical  Hints  405 

Humphreys,  H.  N.  History  of  lUuminatf  d 

Bouki  405 
Hunt^  on  Tic  Douloureux,  176 

Poetical  Works,  513 

Researches  on  Light  406,  627 

Hunter,  Swing  Plough  €8 

■  Illustrations  of  Shakespeare  404 

Hutchinson,  Gretna  Green  175 

— —  Practical  Drainage  627 

Hymnarium  Jnglicanum  513 

Hymns  of  Childhood  m 

Insects  and  Reptiles  289 

Inventions,  on  Letters  Patent  for  626 

Ireland,  Memoirs  of  the  Union  174 

— —  oatbeSUUof286 


Ittdejc  (&  Books  Announced, 


Tre!4mdt  Outliiift  of  llie  History  ur4Q] 

aifil  ITS  Hultrrs,  401 

irish  Cftvrch,  VVhat  ii  lo  he  dune  wUU  ! 

511 

Co^uetlff  175 

haiah.  Vision  ol  403 

James,  AriibtflJA  Sty  art  CG 

Jamexftn,  Mrt.  Compafiiurt  627 

Jit rnet,  See  ntfi  in  the  Saiidwicb  hhnds  CS 

•/f/^rf^i  F,  Ccniiribuiioiia    to  the   Ediii- 

ijoruh  Review  G7 
Jtfiininjrf^  Xi>ii/,  £,  on  Sea-risks  64 
Jenyntj  L,  Figh  68 
Jeremy t  Ai>alyi  ic;il  Digest  289 
Jffj«*,  George  Sel»*yn,  &e.  64 
*^^— —  Scenef  ui  Country  Life  514 

• Life  of  Beau  BniinmcU  tl23 

Jo^e,  Hand- book  of  Farriery  404 

J&htutGHt  *^t  Tour  ifi  Ireland  624 

JoneMf  Sturliefi  t)t  Seji&ation  G6 

— ^ —  E*5!iy  «n  Wealth  402 

J^piin^  Cutfeijcy  Rcforni  402 

Journal  o/a  Wandeter  402 

JuAet,  The  Way  some  eall  Heresy  288 

Jiistomm  Semi t a  66 

KavanagfCs  Dhcoreiy  £2il 

Kcile,  Praeleelioncs  513 

Keiih,  Dr,  Land  of  Israel  174 

Kentpt  m\  TrQrisubaUntialion  387 

Kendall,  O.  W.  Narftttive  &I2 

KennUh,  Mora't  Isle  175 

XcfUf  Letter  to  PrL>f.  Liebig  405 

Ketigan,  7\  on  EcMpies  514 

King,  Rev.  T,  Short  Lectures  512 

Knight,  a  Old  England  CO 

' London  403 

Kniix^  Capt,  Harry  Mowbray  M 
— -  X  S.  Thonghiful  Year  6^5 
K&hl,  /.  G,  Ireland  65 
Kugler*t  Frederkk  ike  Great  ^T^ 
Labaume,  InvAflon  of  lltis»ia  401 
Luing,  The  Ht;]mskriiigla  401 
iMmberi,  Churcb  Needlework  627 
Lament t  M.  M,  Imprfssiont  GS 
Lane,  Memonalt  or  Sermont  625 
Imvo,  Acro£ticaTta  288 
Lathbmyf  on  Suftrigan  Bishops  286 
Lawrence p  DetcendanU  of  Philij*  Henry 

401 

Stories  409 

LawsoHy  Cfiurch  the  Body  of  Christ  403 

—  Five  Lectures  623 

l^tgne,  The  5 1 1 

Lre^  Prof]  Re  mark  I  ori  Dr,  Putey'i  Ser- 

nion  66 
— —  on  Midwifery  289 

3Irs,  Elemei'its  of  Nat.  Hlitory  514 

JLeei,  G.  Fraetional  Arillimetic  68 
Ixm&n,  Sir  C.  Prr«e  E««y  627 
LettnartTi  Egyptian  Hhttny  6'i'A 
Leilie,  The  Tell  Talc  404 
Lewis t  on  Chc**i  177 
Life  in  the  Sick  Bwrm  67 
— —  a  Eoroance  6S6 
lAghi  Dragfton,  The  eS 
idinn^eui  and  jMneu  405 


LtftwooJ.JE^chyll  Eumciildis  ^8a   . 
Little  Alice  and  Aw  ^ivtf'r  66 
Local  Parliament*^  6(C,  64 
Long/eihWf  Viiices,  See.  66 

1 ^  Si>airnh  Sludenl  175 

Lord,  Popery  at  Madeira  403 
Lorreqtitr,  H.  Arlhur  O'Leary  513 
London,  Mrs.  Glimpfes  of  Nature  65 
Lovei't  TreASure  Trove  175 
Lmif,  D.  Inquiry  )IBB 
i^mceU,  J.  R,  Poems  513 
Lumleyr  J,  Concise  View  61^ 

W.  G.  Sliluirs  626 

— . Faroebt»1  SeUleiueliU6'i?7 

Lplton,  Sir  E,  Poerni  of  Schiller  513 
Mabinogion,  Tfte  67 
AJ'Cormae,  Medilalioiit  402 
Mncjarlane,  Our  Indian  Empire  401,  G24 
M'-Fttrquhttrj  Sernions  654 
A/*  Giajthon^  Di|:tBt  404 
HP  Kay  ^  Sabbat  b  Mosingi  174 
MKemie,  Sir  G,  Choice  of  Wheat  for 

Se<*d  289 

IF.  Runic  Bower  G2^ 

M'Lehose^  ^  C,  Co rre&pun deuce  between 

BoTMfrr  &c.  64 
AP Mullen,  Two  Eierci^et  625 
Madge,  High  Church  Principlei  403 
Maddock,  Practical  Ohservaiion*  626 
Mahon,Lordt  History  of  Englatid  623 
Maln^  Cottage  Gardening  514 
Maitland's  Dark  Jget  285 
MetllalieUt  A.  Buenos  Ay  res  51 1 
Mannering,  Cbri§lian  Consolation  174 
Planning,  Holy  Baptism  114 

Thaogbtft  288 

Marcet,  Mn,  Lessons ,  5tc.  68 

Conversations  513 

Margoliouth,  liraefs  Ordinance!  403 

Marguerite t  a  Tragedy  66 

Marion^  a  Phy  C% 

Martden,  Rev.  J,  iT.  Church  Fesllvali  65 

Marshall^  Epi<vcopal  Polity  174 

'  Doctrine  of  Redem|nion  625 

Martin,  Ireland  before  the  Union  286 

Miss,  Skelcli  of  her  Life  286 

Mariineaut  Philosophical  E*po4iion  401 
Mauereene,  fuc.  O'S^lUvan  403 
Matheu's,  Mrs.  Anecdotes  of  Actora  623 
Maund,  Hardy  Flowerft  289 
Maunder,  Universal  Class  Book  289 
Mniweitf  Wftjidcring?  in  Highlands,  Ac, 

174 
Mays  History  of  Evesham  628 
Maynard,  Hon.  J,  A.  Record* of  Sceiiefy. 

at^d  oilier  Poems  \^Q 
Metier,  Rev,  J.  D.  Dr.  Pusey  66 
Memorial  of  Chrhtiau  AJection  402 
JItcn  and  JVotnen  66 
Meritale,  Miner  Poeint  of  Schiller  403 
Merry,  W,  Predeslit^ation,  Ac,  66 
Metallic  C\trtency,  a  Barrier  623 
Metcalfe,  5.  L,  Caloric  67 
Metropolitan  Char  Hies  286 
Meyer ^  British  Birds  404 
Milt$,  Voic«  of  the  licforinalion  65 


684 


Indes  to  Bookt  Afmowneei* 


Jit//,  Essays  on  Political  Economy  623 

Miller,  E,  Sermons  624 

MilU,  Eni^lish  Fireside  6:5 

Minutes  of  the  Committee  of  Council  ^ 

Education  5 1 1 
Mitchell,  Electra  67 

Traxinai  ^88 

— —  Philoctetes  513 

Moberley,  Sayings  403 

Montgomery, R,Goi^\  before  the A^  624 

Moore,  T,  on  the  Cucumber  5 1 4 

Morison,  Rev,  /.  Protestant  Religion  65 

Morton,  on  Calculous  Concretions  686 

Mothers  of  EngUsnd  (i4 

Moxon,  C.  Geolof^ist  68 

Munden,  Jot,  Memoirs  of  64 

Murray,  Prairie  Bird  388 

United  States  173,  401,  634 

■  Travels  of  Marco  Polo  634 
Napier,  Wild  Sports  405 
NeaU,  Place  where  Prayer  635 
Neligan,  Medicines,  their  Uses  176 
New  Zealmnd,  Letters  from  Settlers  at  64 
Newell,  J,  Essay  on  Farms  51 1 
Newman,  /.  i7.  Sermons  65 
NicholU,  The  Farmer  514 
NichoU,  Morning  Exercisea  387 
Niebukr,  B.  G.  Stories  66 
No  CVott  no  Cmtn,  513 
Nivon,  Series  of  Views  290 
Noel,  Bap.  W,  Cut  of  Free  Churob  of 

Scotland  635 
North,  Sermons  403 
0*Brien,  Rhythmical  Art  388 

■  Co-ordinate  Geometry  514 
aBriend,  Problems  for  1844,  627 
Ocean,  and  its  InhabiUnts  514 
Old  Dower  Houoe  403 

Opie,  Mrs,  Adeline  Mowbray  513 
Orton,  J,  Turf  Annals  515 
Ooharm,  Letter  to  Lord  Ashley  403 

■  Nature  of  Actions  404 
OuehUrlotsif,  Chinese  War  40  L 
Owen,  R,  Fossil  Mammalia  68 
Oxford,  Guide  to  Neighbourhood  of  405 
Page,  Position  of  the  Church  174 
Paget,  Tales  66 

—  Sermons  403 

Pallme,  I,  Travels  624 

Palmer,  W,  Principles  633 

Papuorthy  Specimen  of  Decorttioni  515 

Paris  and  its  People  65 

Parkersont  Mrs,  Gleaner  389 

Pamelk  Applied  Chemistry  389 

Part  Singing  69 

Pfar5a/r#  Congregationalism  403 

Perceval,  D,  Speech  386 

Peregrine  Pulteney  513 

Peter  Parley's  Lives  176 

What  to  do  176 

Pettigiew'i  Medical  Superstitions  68 
Philip,  Grandfather,  Talk  511 
Phillips,  Memoirs  of  Dr.  Smith  386 
PUkenng,  Miss  E.  The  Grumbler  66 
^^  mis  of  other  Ltmd$6S 
P^spewtll,  Tritl  of  the  SpiriU  176 


PM's  Mil.  Antiqoitiei  of  Kent  390 

Potter,  J,  Monastic  Architecture  515 

Pratt,  J.  T,  Collection  of  Statutes  67 

Primitive  Church  in  iU  Episcopaey  387 

Print  Collector  S\S 

Pritchard,  Natural  History  889 

Proctor,  J,  B.  Treatise  514 

Publishing,  Present  System  of  176 

Pulpit  jtssistant.  New  888 

Puss  in  Boots  175 

Rabett,  Antichrist  of  Priesthood  403 

Railway  Legislation,  Letter  on  518 

Rash,  Icelandic  Grammar  404 

Raymond,  G,  Memoirs  of  Elltston  64 

Reciprocity  174 

Red  and  White  Roots  66 

Red/ord,  Dr.  on  Conversions  66 

Read,  on  Ventilation  405 

Reynard  the  Fox  404 

Reynolds,  Timothy's  Book  Case  175 

Alfred  513 

Rhind,  Creation  Illustrated  290 
Rhymes  for  the  Nursery  288 
Richardt's  Cemetery  Improvements  174 

Book  of  Costs  389 

Riehardson,  Effigies  at  the  Temple  68 

Table-Book  403 

'        Zoology  514 
Richelieu  m  Love  403 
Ridge,  Glossology  176 
Ridgeway,  Rev,  J,  Sii  Discourses  65 
Rigg,  R.  Chemical  Researches  68 
Ripjpingille,  Artists*  Magai ine  5 1 5 
Rivers,  Catalogue  of  Pears  389 
Robber's  Cave  66 

Robberds,  Life  of  Taylor  of  Norwich  173 
Roberts,  Village  Sermons  387 
Robinson,  Warrants  of  Attorney  514 
Rook,  Dr.  on  Early  Church  of  Ireland  5 19 
Roper,  on  the  Horse  404 
Rouse,  Precedents  of  Mortgages  404 
Rowaoft,  C.  the  Man  without  a  Profet- 

sion  513 
Rudolph  the  Voyager  403 
Rust,  on  the  Plymouth  Brethren  403 
Ryder,  PoemataLyrica  175 
Samuel,  Prof  hot.  Life  of  887 

/.  Journal  634 

Sandby,  G.  Mesmerism  514 

Sargeantt  Tales  404 

SchilU/s  Poems,  by  Bulwer  Litton  513. 

by  Merivale  403 
Schiegel,  on  Serpents  176 
School  Music  69,  177 
Scinde,  Case  of  the  Ameers  of  886 
Scoresby's  Magnetical  Investigations  68 
Scott,  Occasional  Sermons  887 
— ^  Arithmetic  389 

Memoirs  of  Coligny  401 

Scripture  Truths,  in  verse  887 

Seasons,  The  175 

Secret  Passion,  The  388 

Self' Sacrifice  h\:i 

Selkirk,  Recollections  of  Ceylon  174 

Seller's  Nofxhem  Journal  68C 

Scw€ll,  Amy^  Herbert  404 


Indes  to  Books  Announced, 


Shaw,  The  Heretic  SB 8 

Sheppard,  J.  on  Insanity  68 

ShieliU,  Rev.  W.  T.  Glory  of  God  51S 

Short,  Bp.  What  is  Christianity  ?  G5 

Sfkrew9bury,  Eari  off  Hinti  towards  pa- 

cifyitig  Ireland  G23 
Simcoet  Operations  of  ij/a  Rangeri  286 
SimptoHj  A.  Sandwich  lilands  65 
Skeichtsfrom  Life  G6 
JSkinner,  Holy  Zeal  175 
Slad€*t  Retnarka  on  Catechizing  625 
Smeaton  and  Light -houses  405 
Smet^  A.  Pljyilcal  Science  G% 
Smith,  New  Letter  Writer  67 

—  Letter!  on  American  Debts  174 

1  Pilgrim's  Staff  174 
.:        ^Adventures  of  Ledbury  175 
lllustr.  of  Weslm.  Abbey  386 

-  Identity  of  Interest  '2BS 

Parli&fnents  of  Engiaud  4Q3 

^-^—  Sacred  Biography  401? 
Scrofula  314 

^  Eastern  Princess  625 

Sm^fth's  hcland  266^  624 

Socratts,  History  of  lUe  Ckurch  511 

S^er&ii*  Historic  6S6 

ScUiiquies  40^ 

S^ioWf  8bort  Family  Prayers  987 

Sephociee,  Tragedies  of  513 

Spicer'a  Night  Foices  625 

^roule,  /.  on  the  Growth  of  Flan  514 

%Mrr(rW,  Rationale  of  Magnetism  289 

Stafford,  on  Diseases  of  the  Spine  176 

Sielifing,  The  Church,  &c,  in  the  Primi- 

tire  Ages  40^ 
Sl^hen,  7\  History  of  the  Cbureb  of 

Scotland  £'%,  633 
Stevenson t  Christ  on  the  Cross  1*4 
Stocqueter,  Hand-Book  of  Itidia  402 
Stodari*t  Principtea  qf  Education  386 
Stoddartt  Sir  /,  Observations  627 
Strange  Planet,  The  404 
Strickland,  A.  Lives  of  Queens,  &Ct  623 
Sturroekt  System  of  Accounts  402 
Summerlift  P-  Heroic  Tales  67 
Sutherland f  and  the  Sutherlanders  288 
Swan,  J.  on  the  Braio  514 
Sjf/vanutt  oT  the  Primitive  Christian  6S6 
Symom,  Pmrish  Settlements  514 
Taiit  Peter  1?(ay fa ir^s  Correspondence  286 
Tatbot*M  Pencil  of  Nature  ^105 
Tates  try  a  BarrUter  513 
TalliM^  r.  Daily  Service  174 
Taylor,  C.  B.  Margaret  404 
-^^  Reeponiibility  513 

Taylvr^  Medical  Jurisprudence  67 

History  of  Chiitianity  ^87 

Diurnal  Register  405 

Factories  51 1 

Farming,  514 

Tennant,  Sermons  G24 
Z^cheray,  Rev,  f\  Researches  64 
Thelwall,  Rev,  A,  S,   Idolatry   ol  lh« 

CburGhof  Roiiie5LS 
Theogony  288 


TTieory  of  a  New  System  fif  Money  64 
Thimm,  Literature  of  Germany  404 
Thomaf,  IF.  L.  Theresa  66 
Thornton,  White  Mask  403 

Prize  Essay  627 

Thorn,  Fifty  Tracts  403 
Thornton* s  British  Empire  173 

Gazeteer  624 

Thorpe,  Marine  Conchology  6^7 
Tietney,  Letter,  Ac.  175 
TiUotson,  Archbishop  f  &'C,  Diituasives  65 
Tomti7is*s  Monastic  ana  Social  Life  385 
Tookti  rV.  Works  of  Churchill  403 
— —  T.  Currency  Priticjple  51 1 
Tonens,  H.  Letter  to  N,  W.  Senior  64 

—  The  Budget  511 

Towler't  Schiller's  Dm  Carloa  513 
TraverSf  B,  on  Inflammation  68 
Trollope,  Mrs,  the  Laurringtons  66 

Jessie  Phillips  S88 

the  Factory  Boy  4(J4 

True  Stories  66 

Tucker,  Memoir  of  Earl  St,  Vincent  64 

_* ;^  H,  Sermons  65 

ry,  0\  Serraoni  512 

Talkt  Anatomical  Manijiulation  389 
Tttpper^  Crock  of  Gold  388 

,— the  Twins  513 

T^ediCf  Sacrament  of  Baptifm  403 
Tiwas.  Two  Lectures  637 
Tyler^e  Worship  of  Virgin  Mary  624 
lytier,  Talcs  67 

History  of  Scotland  173 

Uncle  Sam's  Peeuiiaritiet  513 

Uttim  in  Ghry  403 

l/m'ofi#,  Twi»r  oontnisted  386 

Useful  Afts,  &c,  405 

— in    the    CortiCr action    of 


Dwelling*bouses  515 
Fern  Tif  (be  Chinese  Magiftratc  513 
Vetch,  Capt.  Ship  Navigation  between 

the  Mediterranean  and  the  Red  Sea  64 
l^ictoria  Annual  69 

—  Queen  t  Progress  511 

VillierSf  second  coming  624 

Vinegar t  Adraatagea  from  the  ufC  of  389 

FisU  to  the  WUd  Hest  64 

Fisier  Ali  Khan  401 

V^icet  ffthe  Nigkt  175 

F9ifage*  round  the  World  65 

Wagner's  Elements  G'iG 

Waikert  Diseases  of  the  Skin  389 

Chess  Studies  405 

fFalne,  D.  H,  Dropsical  Ovaria  68 
fFalpoie,  H,  Letters  626 
WaUon't  Angler,  by  Major  177 
Warter,  J,  W,  Sermons  512 
Warwickehire  Churches,  515 
WaierhMSM,  Q,  R.  Mammalia  68 
ITaleWMi,  on  Alkali  176 
WaU0n,Revn  wf.  San  day  Eveningt  519 

— .  Geology  635 

Weale'a  Quarterly  Paper*  290 

iTeid,  Pr,  «/;  Travels  in  N.  Amerien  65 

mikileyf  Fi$€,  the  Irisb  J^ueiUon  ^6 


686 


Index  to  Books  Announced. 


JfeUh,  Churcb  History  403 
WettcoVs  View  qf  Devonshire  S90 
Westminster  Abbey,  on  intended  Altert- 
tions  ill  405 

■  lUustrttions  of  886 

ScTiool,  Memorials  of  990 

What  u  to  be  Done  r  173 
JVhitefriarSf  jin  Historical  Romance  66 
/9^t7/ocA,Miniature  Painter's  Manual  627 
Who  is  my  Neighbour  ?  6S5 
fFiekham  on  the  Offertory  512 
Wiggins f  J,  Monster  Misery  of  Ireland 

S86 
Wilfulness  of  Women  513 
Wilkinson's  Modem  Egypi  S87 

The  Incarnation  288 
WtUemenit  Restoration  of  Sr.  George's 

Chapel  627 
Williams,  The  Law  or  the  League  64 
»  Principles  288 

■  Boy's  Treasury  290 

—  Great  Facts  402 

■  on  the  Tongue  404 

Prize  Essay  404 

■  Appeal  5 1 1 


fFUloughbyt  Lady,  Diary  e<i6 
ffllson,  The  Parsi  Religion  65 
fVUson,  Boudoir  Lyrics  175 
— - —    Law  and  rractice  627 
Winslow,  Select  Pieces  288 
Wodrow,  R.  Past  History  625 
Wood,  Lieut,  12  months  in  Wellington, 
New  Zealand  65 

Tests  of  Time  66 

— —  Homoeopathy  Unmasked  514 
XF^%ar,  Friendly  Societies* Security  402 
Worcester,  Bp.  of,  Charge  288 
Word  or  Two  on  Port  Wine  405 
ffordsworth,  C.  Theocritus  626 
Wray,  Poems  175 
——  Village  Carpenter  403 
Wright,  St.  Patrick's  Purgatory  64 

— Seryice  of  Heaven  287 

• Cultivation  of  the  Intellect  289 

ff^rongs  of  Women  286 

Yates,  Dr.  History  of  Bury  174 

Year  '98,  286 

Year-Book  of  Facts  289 

Zareefa  403 

Zoological  Soc»  IVansactions  404 


%•  Fur  Index  to  Poetry,  see  end  of  Preface. 


INDEX  TO  NAMES. 


Including  Prorootionn,  Preferments,  Births,  Marriages,  and  Deaths.— Hie  longer  Articles 
of  Deaths  are  entered  in  the  preceding  Index  to  Essays. 


Abbott,  J.  A.  417. 

V.  M.  194 
Aberdour,  Lord  309 
Aboyne,  B.  of  53 1 
Ackland,  T.  G.  659 
Acland,  F.558.   M. 

216 
Adair,  W.  665 
Adams,  A.  M.  89. 

F.  555.  II.  G.  643. 

H.  W.  88, 528.  J. 

195.  K.  88 
Adderley,Hon.Mrs. 

86 
Addison,  G.  S.  662. 

J.  3^8.  R.  332 
Adey,  W.  B.  644 
Adrian,  A.  195 
Agnew,  C.  643 
A'hmuty,  C.  218 
Aikman,  G.  R.  327 
Ainslie,  A.  664.    J. 

310 
Aitktn,  J.  L.  445 
Aitkin,  T.  J.  106 
Albrecht,  C.\V.328 
Alcock,C.ap.556 


Aldrich,  P.  S.  529 
Aldridge,  S.  667 
Alexander,Mrs.2l8. 

F.87.  H.  195.  J. 

642.    J.  K.  670. 

M.556.R.H.I04. 
Alfree,P.C.  195.  H. 

195. 
Allao,J.556.  P.552 
Allanbey,    C.   218. 

J.  D.  218. 
Allen,  Lt.  335.     G. 

L.  86.     H.  308, 

439.     J.  T.  662. 
Alleyne,  Mrs.  86 
Allfree,  W.  G.  85 
Allfrey,  Mrs.  86 
Alliston,  S.  A.  328 
AUport,  J.  W.  218 
Almack,  Mrs.  643. 

W.  558 
Alston,  E.  S.  417 
Alves,  W.  G.  531 
Ambrose,  H.  418 
Ampblett,  M.  308. 

R.108.S.H.418, 

531 


Ancell,  R.  444 
Anderson,  Cap.  66v» 

A.  86. J. 642.  J.  S. 

193.    M.  C.  445. 

S.  215.     W.  551 
Andrew,  J.  214    T. 

107 
Annesley,  J.  642 
Anson,  Mrs.  529 
Antrobus,  M.  J.  88 
Appleyard,    A.    E. 

444.  R.  L.  106 
Arbuthnot,Mrs.  1 94 
Arcl  er,  J.  645.  M. 

A.  196.     M.F.J. 

531 
Arkwrighi,  H.  443 
Arroiger,  T.  J.  441 
Armitstcad,  D.  443 
Armstrong,    A.    B. 

307.     H.  A.  440. 

T.  528 
Arnold,  £.  S.  196. 

J.  A.  666 
Amott,  T.  666 
Arrow,  J.  J.  665 
Arundel,  J.  530 


Ashburnbam,   Mrs. 

308 
Asbcombe,  G.  531 
Ashe,  A.  441 
Ashew,  A.  E.  442 
Ashley,  S.  T.  445 
Aihington,  H.  86 
Ashley,   J.  A.   88. 

S.  T.  556 
Ashtoun,  Lady  194 
Ashworth,  E.  644 
Askew,  J.  308. 
A*tlry,  M.  D.  445 
Atkins,  E.  C.  331. 

E.  M.  307 
Atkinson,    J.    328. 

S.  F.  89.     T.  no 
Aubin  T.  193 
Aubrey,  M.218 
Aubyn,St.SirJ.415 
Audley,  Lady,  665 
Austin,  A.  439 
Austria,     Archdss. 

M.  of  334 
Awdry,    Lady  664. 

S.  D.  558 
Ayerft,  S.  88 


Inde^  to  Nam^s* 


Aylmer,  FT.  670 
Aynsley,  E,  A.  ^la 

—  555 
Bftilham,  W.  L.  5:10 

W.  3riU 
B.*g*tcr,  J.  lOG 
Biilf^v,    Mrs.   665* 

j/S,  417. 
BMliffe,  M.  330 
Biiilward,  Mrs,  194 
Bfliii,  W.  415 
Baiabndjfe/r.  6Gl 
B^ineip  C.  H.  444, 

M.  355 
Baird,  C.  22^ 
Baker.  G.  307.    M. 

H.  89.    H.M.B. 

645.      S.   J.   87. 

T.  195.     W.   660 
B«lil#i«n  Hon.  W, 

w.cni. 

B^lfoyp,     G.     415. 

H.  551.     J.  85 
Bal1pE.89.  \Vid.330 
B>i!lance,  E-  417 
B^  liar  J,  Capt.  G45 
UAU,  C.  418,     M, 

A.  417 
^B?tlly,  ^67 
B%lm?,  J.  N.83 
BaiiiUer,  R.  33a 
BftukeSt     A.     551. 

G,  C.  F.  417 
Banks,    Mn.    194. 

A.  l(>4 
'  BAimermftti,  C,  670 
Barber,  E.  105,195. 

R.  193. 
BarcUv.  Capt.530. 

0.307,     J.  2S1. 

G.  R.  334.      T. 

G,  417 
BAfdtiani.  .1.  J.  5*^9 
Barliam,  I".  F.  441 
B^rfU]f,Lrn1y  A,194j 

308,     T.  508, 
BArker,   Mm.   i?15. 

G.  551.     J.  644. 

S,6|0.   W,C.86. 

W.  G.  3m,  539 
Barlow,     Mr.   415. 

MiK  330.     r.  T. 

416.  E.556.  J.4I5 
BarnarJ,   Mrs,  308, 

644.    E.  444.   H. 

C,    645.     J,    P. 

33  r.     T.  330 
Baniebv,    M.    310. 

W.  3*10 
Banie*,  J.  30T.    J. 

A.   A.    916.      J. 

>v.  193 


Barncwflll,  E.  530 
B.irii father,  M.A. 

Barnhivin,  J.  331 
Bnnuwiii.  J.  H.  L05 
Barr,  M.  642 
Barrow,  E.  C.   8|. 

G.  S.643.    M.  E. 

335,     1\  107 
Barry,  A.   108.     H. 

108 
Bariliorp,  M.  644 
B-irtletf,  J.  5S9 
Hartley,  C.  P.  89 
Barron,  Lady  439. 

R,  415 
B^rtrum,  E,  W.  87 
Barttelut,  E,  220 
Bar  wis,  J,  106 
Bft^kcoinb,  E.  107 
BAikerv]lle,Mrs.86 
B««i)ett,  J.  660 
lia^s,  R,  661 
Bnise4t,C.308,   M. 

557 
Bitchddor,   H.    P. 

417 
Biile,S.M.  309, 4 16 
Btti  email,  W.  309 
Bsite^on,  T.  415 
Batli,  M.310 
B.4thyrfit,  R.  2l9 
Briitiiu^  Mrs.  194 
B.iwtrep,  K,  196 
Baxter,  l>,  557 
BajFord,  J.  SI6 
Ba>ley»  B.  105.   T, 

4 15 
Bayly,  E.  413 
Baylies,  \V.  TO; 
B  lytcm,  S.  tj45 
Bazdev,  A.  443 
Beads'  Str  M.   H. 

307.     H.  1U5 
Bi^acbrraft,  R.  310 
Ui'olr,  M.  445 
Bt-ales,  Mn.  GG7 
Bt?Hii,  Mr.  335 
B*?«re,  T.  334.     T. 

J.  110 
Be^ucbamp,  Cuim- 

t«ss440.    C.  441 
B^au clerk,  Liidy  C. 

194 
Bt-aummH^    J.    A. 

415.     J.  P.  439 
Rifaver,  R,  lOG 
B^ck,  E.  216 
Becke>  H.  331 
BetkiU,  M.  328 
Beckin;;liam,  C.  H. 

309.     L.  555 
Beckirjgsale,  W,  J- 

St9 


Beckwitb,  C.  643, 
S.  2^1 

Bec!ivejCit,of,308. 

416 
Beddaes,  VV.  643 
Beilelk  B.  668 
Bedrurd,  R,  G.  214 
Brdin^field,  T*   F. 

^29 
Beebe,  W.  220 
Eeecli,  J.  195 
fleechey  F,  W,  415 
H  severs,  M.  663 
Belasif,  E.  H.  107 
Belmure,  Csi.  i>r  36B 
Bell,  A.  662.  G,  193 
Bellairi,  C.  529-  H* 

W,  528 
Belli*  If.  M.  194 
Bellirigbam,    Lady, 

19^.       F.    Lady, 

22^^     H,  F,  334 
Bel]m;iii,E.  195»^U 
Benard,  M.  664 
Bence,  IL  B.  643 
BencT-iTt,  L,  E,  531 
Bend  ^11,  B,  0<  08 
Benneir.  C,52a.  W. 

329,  440,     W.  S. 

511 
Benson,  C.  M,  530. 

H.  439*     J,  196 
Bi^ntall.  Mn.  .308 
Bentky.T.  33a 
Betivennto,    P.  67 1 
Benyon,  J.  443 
Herens,  G.  S,  1 10 
Be  re  5  ford,    Ld.    J. 

cl*;U  Puer,  193 
Berkeley,  Sir  G.  H. 

F.  193 
Berrin;;lk>n,  H.  22r 
Bert  bun,  F.  E.  309 
Besr,   A.    30^.      F. 

662.     J.  445.    S. 

319.     T.  108. 
Betliell,  A.  S.  644 
Betbiiiie,  I),  22t* 
Betlif8WtJrili»A.440 
BettBj    E.    H.  330. 

\V,  194.     W,  K. 

643 
Beynou,  U.  66O 
Biddul^di,   A.   670, 

E.  642 
B.dutfll,  C.  M.  418 
Bigf,  K,  F.  664 
B«|:ge,    E.  T,  661, 

J.  F.  194 
Biggi,  C.  553 
Biles,  E.  309 
Bihgbam,  J,  E.  85 
Binyon,  E.  418 
Bircb,   H.  M.  643. 


6Q7 

J.  442.    R.  J.  H. 

642 
Birchill,  A.  P.  330 
Bircliiiniitl,  J.  89 
Bird,  J.  670.  T.  C. 

194 
Birkbeck.  E.  89 
Bfhop.   Mrs.    194. 

H.W.559.  J.554 
Biiiet,  C-  M.  664 
Bisihopp,    C*   C4S. 

G.  221 
Blackburn,  J.  915 
Hlfickburne,  G.  R. 

529 
Blickmore,  H.  529. 

J,  556 
BUckwood,   A.   E. 

446 
fllakeney,  F.  C.  443 
Blakiiion,  J.  85 
Bl^nd,  G.  643 
Bland  ford,    Marq. 

528.  Marq.     of 

644 
Blaiiily,  J,  328 
Blaney,  A.  646 
Blaquiere,    Ld.   de 

610 
Blaisan>  S.  216 
BUjtbwaylc,  G.W. 

415 
Blennerbassett,  A. 

309 
BlewitU  P.  554 
Bligb,  ]\f,  107 
Bluis  c.  642 
Blomefield,  T,  E. 

Bloodw^nb,  C.  219 
Bloonifieldi  Hi»n.  J» 

A, D.  528 
Blount,  J.  B.  658 
Blundell,  A.  327 
Boddy,  J.  A.  643 
Bnde,  F,  553 
ILiibaif,SirJ.P.30T 
Balding,  A.  M.  333 
BnlUnd,  a,  445 
Bomrurd/r.  S.2i4 
Buinpn^,  C,  C.440 
Bond,  H,  529.    J. 

554,  643 
Hundi%  B.  de  644 
Baimrr,  J.  C,  193 
hootu  R-  b'CO 
Buutb,  T*  85 
Hf»rbiic,  A.  666 
Birim6b,J.C:,B.307 
Borrer,  E.  530 
Borrod«i!e,  C.  645 
Borton.W.M.A.iai 
B.iudon,M.  L.556, 

66^ 


Mbif  to  Nmnei. 


Boagbey,  Lady  529 
Boultbee,  M.  664 
Boolton,  K.  £.  309 
Bourcbier,  M.  89. 

T.  553 
Bourdllion,  S.  E.  88 
Bourke,  Mrt.  86 
Boasted,  J.  310 
Boutflower,  C.  555 
Bouverie,  L.  A.  88 
BoTill,  S.  SS7 
Bowen,  C.  89.    C. 

H.  110.F.E.110. 

J.  107.  J.  St.  V. 

813 
Bower,  J.  669 
Bowerbank,  E.  327 
Bowker,  L.  655 
Bowlei,A.415.  M. 

668.  8.333.  W. 

648,  643. 
Bowley,W.  913. 
BowremaOfT.  214 
Bowstead,  R.  813 
Bowyer,    W.    645. 

W.  A.  558 
Boxer,  F.  309b  310 
Boyd,  A.  646.     J. 

816.    M.  194 
Boyer,  C.  417 
Boys,  E.  300,  689. 

F.  555.     H.  416. 
Boyton,  C.  669 
Brabant,  £.  R.  86 
Brackenbury ,  C.  M. 

418 
Bradford,   A.    194. 

C.  A.  329 
Bradley, A. 53 1.  F. 

M.  195.     J.  555, 

556 
Brabam,W.S.H.589 
Braithwaite,  R.  531 
Bramiton,  C.  S.  554 
Brand,  S.  663 
Brandram,  A.  440 
Brandretb,  H.  88 
Brasier,  L.  88 
Bray,  E.  W.  648 
Brnybrooke,  S.  193 
Bree,A.£.C.S.644 
Breedon,  W.  418 
Bremner,  A.  B.  646 
Brcncbley,E.K.  220 
Brereton,  E.  440 
Breton,  F.  418.    T. 

109 
Brewin,  C.  E.  330 
Bridcll,  M.  104 
Bridge,  C.  218.     S. 

415 
Bridget,  A.  H.  329. 

C.B.  531.    E.644 
Bridfman,  Mrt.  416 


BriirSty  H.  643 
Bright,  Mn.  539 
BriKbtman,H.E.566 
Brind,  F.  642 
Brine,  E.643.R.558 
Briscoe,  M.  588 
Bristow,  Mrs.  86 
Britten,  J.  440 
Broadley,  A.  415 
Brock,  T.  C.  588. 

T.  S.  588 
Brockdorff,  Von.  F. 

S.  530 
Brocket,  S.  B.  307 
Brodburst,  H.  644 
Brodie,   Mrs.    644. 

F.  445 
Broke,  Sir  P.  307 
Brome,  C.  B.  331 
Bromley,  A.  F.  819. 

M.  310,645.    N. 

W.  556 
Brook,  G.  H.  194 
Brooke,  R.  880 
Brookes,  L.  659.  W. 

P.  531 
Brooks,  J.  M.  308 
Brooksbank,  A.  553 
Broom,  S.  309 
Broome,  J.  H.  89 
Brougbton,  T.  108 
Brown,    Capt.    88. 

D.588.  E.  85,87. 

G.  443.  H.  87. 
J.  105.  J.G.556. 
M.  A.  88.  P.  85. 
R.416.  R.R.816. 
S.  87.  Mrs.  194, 
644 

Browne,    B.    648. 

Hon.  H.  G.  333. 

J.  666.  J.  F.557. 

R.W.528.  T.H. 

642.  W.  329 
Browning,Mrs.644. 

C.309.  C.A.448. 

H.  418.   W.  105 
Brownjobn,  M.  J. 

646 
Brownlow,C.M.416 
Bruce,    Mrs.    529. 

Hon.F.W.A.307. 

W.  195 
Bruere,  W.  S.  335 
Bruges,    Mrs.    86. 

W.  H.  L.  308 
Brutton,  M.  A.  553 
Bruyeres,  A.  J.  195 
Bryan,  A.  331.    J. 

W.  87.  R.  415. 

R.  S.  193 
Bryon,  T.  329 
Bucbanan,  A.  588 
Buck,  S.W.667 


Baokinghin,  L.  8. 
F.  V.  531 

Buckle,  E.  J.  387 
Budd,C.A.l95.  S. 

646 
BuUen,  J.  916 
Buller,  H.  J.  4l7. 

L.M.418 
Bullock,  £.  A.  88 
Bolteel,  Mr.  888 
Bulwer,SirE.G.E. 

L.  308 
Bonn,  R«  667 
Bunnett,H.B.4l8 
Bunster,  J.  R.  309 
Burder,  E.  919 
Burdon,  J.  643 
Burdwood,F.D.8I7. 

T.  643 
Burget,  M.  664 
Burgess,  B.  196.  J. 

A.  388.     J.   H. 

531 
Burgh,  de,R.L.  589 
Burke,  Mrs.  530 
Burlton,  S.  109 
Burroan,  R.  216 
Bum,  J.  666 
Burnaby,  Mrs.  194 
Burnard,  W.  554 
Burney,  E.  645.    6. 

H.  442. 
Bumfield,  M.  551 
Burr,  F.  S.  664 
Burrougbes,W.  666 
Burrow,  J.  195 
Burrows,  S.  659 
Burt,  C.   106.    E. 

M.446 
Burton,  Mrs.  194. 

A.   418.     C.   F. 

828.    Hon.  V.A. 

330 
Bush,  C.S.  661.    J. 

T.670.    T.  646 
Busbe,  W.  661 
Buswell,  J.  667 
Butcher,  J.  A.  334 
Butler,  Hon.   Mrs. 

194.    Hon.  Sir  E. 

310.    A.  196.    E. 

444.     H.  E.  418, 

530.     J.    H.  87. 

P.S.85.  W.528. 

W.  J.  85 
Butt,  P.  J.  416.   S. 

332.  W.  H.  193 
Butterfield,  J.  529 
Butterwortb,  A.  R. 

109 
Button.  A.  106 
Bycrs,  T.  529 
Bygrave,  A.  M.  218 
Byog,  G.  S.  642 


Byrne,  F.  R.  416 

Byron,  S.  661 
Cain,  W.  307 
Cairns,  N.  555 
Calder,  S.  M<D.  530 
Callcott,  Sir  A.  86 
Callender,M.J.195 
Caltborpe,  G.A.  330 
Camden,  March,  of 

529 
Campbell,  Lt.-Col. 

667.      Udy  308. 

A.  642.    G.  642. 

I.  M.  H.  110    J. 

528.    J.  B.  196. 

M.  646.     M.  A. 

220,671 
Campion,  F.  H.  87 
Capel,  H.  195 
Carbonell,  M.  C.  87 
Cardall,  W.  529 
Carey,  Hon.  B.  417 
Carnac,  A.  M.  416 
Carne,J.217.S.645 
Carnegie,  J.  415 
Carnie,  G.  442 
Carpenter,  C.  645. 

W.  647 
Carr,  Lady  331 
Carroll,  F.  M.  A.  89 
Carter,  J.  643.     R. 

651.    T.  T.  193, 

643 
Cartwrigbt,  H.  307 
Cams,  W.  86 
Carver,  E.T.  415 
Carvick,  E.  M.  531 
Carwilhen,W.H.  87 
Casamaijor,  J.  196 
Case,  J.  E.  555.  R. 

E.  655 
Casewell,  J.  D.310 
Cass,  F.  307 
Cassin,  A.  531 
Castle,  £.  555 
Caswell,  L.  665 
Cator,  M.  E.  645. 

W.  219 
Cattley,  Mrs.  109 
Gaunter,  G.  310 
Cautley,  R.  642 
Cauty,  Mrs.  216 
Cave,SirJ.R.B.307 

W.  A.  C.  B.  85 
Cavendish,      Hon. 

Mrs.  529 
Cay,  R.  D.  307 
Cbadborn,F.M.330 
Chadwick,  R.  529 
Challenor,E.C.646 
Chalmers,  Sir    W. 

643.  F.  C.  88.  W. 

528 
Cbalon,  8.  M.  110 


Chaloner*  Hon,  F. 

L, lOD.     R,  418 
Chambfirlatn,       E, 

44LO.W,C4l5 
CbambeTj,  H.    105. 

J.    193.     S,  330. 

W.  85. 
Cbarobre,  W,  G4.1 
Cliampagne,  A.  H. 

4J7 
Cbampion,  C*  217 
ChampaeySt  B*  F. 

Chandler,  F.  M.  D, 
553,    J.4I6\   M. 

Chandleis,  C«  I93 
Ctiantry,  W.  328 
Chaplin,  W.  666 
Chapman,   £.  439. 
G*  443p  558.     S, 
196.  T,  445,552. 
W.  553 
Cbarrin^ton,  €.  645 
Charter,  E.  M.  331 
CbalUrton,    H.   T. 

CbauLcyp  E.  S.  89 
Cbeapis  H,  1.446 
Chelsea,  Viscta,  86 
Cheslyn.  T.  108 
Cheihain.M.K.  6G5 
Chiappuii^J.  W.  89 
Chiaranda.S.M.9^2 
Chilcott,  W.  F.tIS 
Child,  Mr.  44f .    J, 

M.P.646,  M.550 
Childs,  S.  310 
Ch'isboln],  A,  418 
Chishulme,  E.  329 
Cbolmeley,M.A.553 
Cholmoodeley ,  Hod. 

C.  551 
Chrifiiiio»F.M.309 
Chriiiie.  G,  L.  642. 

M*  330.     R.  667 
Church,H.327.   W. 

659 
Cburton,  E.  196 
Clare,  Css.  of,  217 
Clarefidoij.dovir.Css. 

of,  551 
Clanricafde,Mss.of, 

219 
Clap  cot  t,  E.  44/> 
Clarina,  Lady,  4 16 
Clark,  Mrt.  44  L  A. 

W,665.  H.M.87. 

M.  106.      R,  664. 

S.  556.     W.  218, 

552 
Clarke,  A.  449, 644. 

C.668.  C.K,31Q. 

H*  665    J*  307. 
GiNT.  Mao,  Vol. 


L.  E,  G,  87.    R. 

H.S16*  T.G.87. 

W.  E.  S.  530.  W. 

W.  330 
Clarkson,  IL  417 
Clay,  W.  K.  ^5 
Clayton,  C.  E.  88. 

H.  642 
Cleavelaiiil,    F,  D, 

530.     S.  554 
Cieaver,  M.E.309 
Clemens,  M.  E.  t07 
ClemenUj  Mrs.  416 
Clifford,  Hon,  C.T. 

307*     Hon.  E.C. 

326 
curt,  M.  B.  88 
Clifton,  R.    C.   85. 

T*645 
Clitherow,  J.  193 
CllTc,  W.  415 
Cloak, N.  663 
Close.    H.  J.   558. 

M.  109 
Clough,  C,  B.  308 
Clowes,  T,  643 
CluDre;j.O.  642. 
Cluttcrbuck,  Capt. 

310 
Cohb,T.  R.  417 
CobboJd,E.332.  F. 

661 
Cochran,  E.  W.  196 
Cockaine,  M,  309 
Cockin,  M.  309 
Cocklngs,  A.  B.  552 
Coddinglcjn,  F.  642 
Codnngtout  C.  44^ 
Coffin,  R.  A.  529 
Cofield,  D.  194 
Cogger.  W.  108 
Cogbill,  J.  531 
Coghlan,  F.  R.  643, 

W.  L.  193 
Colhurn,  C.  G*  645 
Cole,    C.    439.      F. 

415.   J.  441.    M. 

A.668.S.H.R.446 
Coleman,  £.F.  417. 

I.  T.  440.     T.  88 
Colei,  C.  555 
Collett,  E.  B,  317- 

L.  A.  334 
Collier,  J.  M.   530. 

R.  P.  645 
Ci»llin,  M.  441 
Collings,   M.    196, 

416 
CoDmgwood,  E.   J. 

307,    S.  196 

Collios,  C.  M.  193. 

G.C.528.  M.530 
Colmcfft  C.  53D.  £. 

530 
XXI. 


Colmore,  T.  646 
Colquitt,  S.M.  195 
Colston,  W.  327 
Colt,  E.  H.  V.  418. 

531 
Colville,  Ld.  85 
Combs,  R.  105 
Commcrell,  M.  55 1 , 

656 
Compost,  G.  330 
Coiupton,  W.  216 
Constable,  J.  531 
Conway,  J.  219 
Conybeare,  M.  E. 

195 
Conyers,  E.  443 
Coode,  H.  106 
Cook,  F.  C.  307 
Cooke,  C,  529.    H. 

P.  220.     J.  220 

Cookson,  w.  sea 

Coombe,  E.  86,  87 
Cooper,  A.  86.    B. 

S.  558.     G.  105. 

H.J.  643.  J.  328. 

J,R.327.  W.5S3 
Cope,  A*  666 
Copland,  E.  554 
Corfe,  J.  415 
Cork    and    Orrery, 

Css.  of  108 
Corner,  E.  553 
Corniah,  R.  218 
Corri,  P.  C.  531 
Corrie,  E.  88 
Corringt»»,  C.  309 
Corry,  T.  C.  S.  329 
Coryton,  J.  R.  642 
Cotter,  G,  S.  309 
Cotterell,  S.  335 
Cotton,  G.  H.  659. 

J.S.  110.  M.215. 

N,  309 
Coulaon,  G.  H>  195 
Coullhard,  M.  108 
Courtcnay«  J.  108 
Couse.  E,  C.  88 
Coufts maker,  E.  S. 

215 
Core,  A.  441 
Coventry,        Hon. 

Mrs.l94.  M.B.B7 
Cowan,  G.  E.  642 
Cowie.  L.  E.  552 
Cowlard.  H.  194 
Cowper,  T.  645 
CowpUnd,  R.  85 
Cox,  D*   554,  528, 

53  L     W.  330 
Crabbe,  G.  309 
Cragie,  Capt.  670. 

Mr«.  308 
Crane,  A.  645 
CruiweU,  M.  443 


Cra«tweU€r,  H.  V* 

310 
Craven,  A.  85.    E. 

439.     L.  443 
Crawford,  J.C.  88, 

J.  a.  196 

Crawley,  A.  S.  553. 

J,  C.  85.  W.  85, 

528 
Creed,  J.  531 
Creighton,  F.  194 
Creracr,  M,  M.556 
Cresswell,  R.  194 
Crewdson,  J.  668 
Crickett,  S.  531 
Crickmore,  M.  337 
Cridland,  E.  331 
Cripps,  E,  A.  442 
Crocker.A.  307.  J. 

329 
Crockett,  J.  M.  I0:i 
Croft,  M*  646 
Cxofti,  J.  529 
Croker,  Lady  G.  416 
Crommelin,  G.  R. 

446 
Crookenden,  E.22t 
Cro<>ksh»nk,  C.  89 
Croifield,  J.  443 
Cro«thvaite,C.4l5. 

J,  C.415 
CPt>9Velt.W.G.5o8 
Crouch,  C.  44*2 
Crowe,  M.  A.  667 
Crowley,  J.  C.  4 15 
Crowtber,  M.  439 
Croy,  Prince  de  223 
Crozier,  H.  T.  443 
Cubitt,  E.  G,  530. 

G.  L.  415 
Cuming,  F,  J.  665 
Cummini,  C.  530 
Connuigham,G.  110 

R.  530.  F.  M.  88 
Cunninghame,Gcn. 

334, 
Cunyngharoe,  J.  M. 

196 
Cureton,  C  R.  642 
Cuir«,  L.  216 
Carrie,  W.  658 
Curry,  M.  A.218 
Curteis,  Mrs.  194 
Curtis,    Mr«,    308 

C.447.    E.  C.  H 

194,  J.G,W,642 
Cuat,    Hon.     Mrt. 

308.    L.  C.  668. 

S,  3)0 
Cuitancc,  Col.  4[H 
DaCoiU.  R.  215 
Oakini,     S.     107. 

w.  w.  r>iii 

D«lby,  Cant.  3^^9 


1 

12         I 


690  Index  to  Names. 

Bale,  H.  196             Dennys,  N.  R.  308  Drayson,  H.  E.  88  Edge,  S.  333 

Dallas,  Udy  308        Denton,  C.  558  Drew,  M.  S15  EJgell,  E.  B.  195 

DaUtun,    G.     642.    Derby,  E.  C.  439  Driffield,  G.  T.  529  Edison,  M.  218 

N.  664                     Derry,  P.  «19.    W.  Drlnkwaler,M.l44  Edlin,  E.  C.  220 

Dalton,  Mrs.   918.       441  Druck,  B.  554  Edmonds,    M.    £. 

A.  645.     C.  528.    Deslandes,  J.  530  Drumoiond,     Mrs.  215.     R.  665 

J.  644                      DeVere,  E.  M.417        416.     J.  G.  642.  Edwards,  H.L.  310. 

Daropier,  Mrs.  328    Deverell,  A.  B.  221        G.  528.     H.  530.  J.  P.  196.  T.  333 

Daiiberry,A.E.  194   DeWbelpdale,J.553  Driiry,  C.  193.    H.  Edye,  E.  662 

Daiido,  L.  329           D'Eye,  N.  659                194  Eglintoun,  Css.  of. 

Danger,  W.  646         Diamond,  J.  R.  87  Dry,  T.  193  194 

Daniel,  D.  193           Dick,  G.  556.     H.  Dryden,  SirH.E.L.  Ekins,C.642.  J.417 

Dansey,  J.  H.  418,       642.    J.  G.  89            307  Eland,  £.  108 

531                           Dickens,  Mrs.  194.  Drynbam,W.B.193  Eldridge,   W.  662. 

Dan¥trs,G.A.F.222       H.  H.  and  C.  T.  Duberley,  Maj.  531  W.  Y.  89 

Darell,  W.  L.  643          332  DuBourdieu,A.557  Elliot,  E.    J.   528. 

Darnell,  A.  M.  330.  Dickenson,  S.  552  Du  Cane,  M.  668  T.  F.  85    - 

W.  195                   Dickinsou,Mr8.529.  Duddingstone,E.H.  Elliott,  H.  85,  106. 

Darwin,  Mrs.  416          A.  443.  E.A.416.       646  J.  D.  417.  M.G. 

Dasb wood,  S.y. 309       J.  N.  528  Dudley,  W.  M.  529  444.    P.  554.   R. 

Daubeney,  F.   194.   Dickson,  Sir  J.  193  Duer,  E.  332  440 

J.  645.                    Digby,  Mrs.  86  Duff,  H.  556  Ellis, A.  87.  F.  307. 

Daubeny,  Mrs.  529.   Dilke,  H.  667  Duffield,  R.  D.  310  G.  334.   H.P.87. 

C.J.  553.  E.670   Dimes,  C.  553  Dugmore,   J.   331,  R.  415,  529.    T. 

Davey,  P.  440             Dimsdale,Misf,  107        444  F.  551.     W.  643 

Davidson,  R.  309       Dix,  C.  555  Dumaresq,Cap.  309  Ellison,  C.  M.  194 

Davie,  H.  217            Dixon,  J.  664.    W.  Dumayne,A.  S.53I  £11  man,  E.  B.  308 

Davies,    Mrs.  442.       213  Dumbreck,  D.  418  Elpbick,  A,  109 

D.  193,  213,  330.  Dobbi,  C.  A.  664  Dunbabin,  H.  108  Elrington,  J  H.  105 
D.P.S14.  E.  L.  Dobbyn,  A.671  Dunboyne,  Ld.  195  Elton,  C.  L.  646. 
89.      F.   I.    196.    Dobson,  E.  555  Duncan,  R.  B.  222  F.  645. 

H.  308.    J.  446,    Dodd,  G.  528.    W.  Duncombp,P.P.664  Elwes,  J.  H.  645 

549.       xM.    214.       217  Dundas,  S.  88  El  wort  by,  T.  110 

M.   F.    195.     P.    Dodds,  H.  A.  310.  Dunn,  Mrs.  416  Emery,  L.  556 

418.     T.  550               L.  89  Dunst'urd,  S.  L.  554  Empson,  W.  H.  646 

Davies,  Mrs.  416       Dods,  M.  554  Du  Pasquier,W.F.  England,  J.  H.  85 

Davis,  J.  F.  307.  L.    Dodson,  M.  A.  194         220  English,  C.  193 

2lH.     M.E.330     Doggeti,  L.  105  Duplock,  E.  668  Enniskillen,  Earlof 

Davison,  Mrs.  220.    Donne,  C.  331.     J.  Doppa,  C.  89  196 

H.  P.  309.                  327  Du  Fr6,  S.  D.  417  Ensor,  G.  1 10 

Davy,  A.  332.     C.    Donner,  E.  S.  88  Durie,  S.  F.  646  Eppes,  E.  217 

R.  87.  E.  N.  665    Dopree,  C.  P.  109  DurnforJ,  G.  528  Erne,  Ctss.  of  529 

Dawes,  J.  107             Doran,  J.  G.  552  Durrani, F.A.S. 666  Errington,  R.  308 

Day,  C.  85.  R.  105,    Dornford,  T.  105  Dusautoy,  J.  B.  220  Erskine,   Lady   M. 

330                          D'Orsay,  Cte.  223  Dutton,Lady  E.308  671.    C.  309.    J. 

Detcon,  J.  643           Dott,  J.  107  Duval,  J.  559  328 

Deane,  C.  85.     W.    Douches,  G.  105  Dwarri«,  S.  E.  88  Efcott,  C.   S.  310. 

A.  531                      Douglas,    Marchio.  Dyer,C.331.  S.llO.  G.  S.  529 

Deare,  H.  668                 ness  of  308.  Mrs.        T.  D.  T.  418.  W.  Essell,  M.  418 

IHedes,   Mrs.    194.       329.416.    H.  D.        222  Esson,  G.  A.  310 

C.  88,  529                    C.  106  Dyke,  P.  J.  417  E»ierhszy,Pr'ss.529 

DeGreiiier,L.A.552    Douglass,  L.  A.  309  Dykes,    Mrs.    332.  E^tridge,  G.  417 

Dehcuiir,  A.  446         Dove,  M.  S.  88               J.  308  Evans,  Sir    D«   L. 

De  Lacy,  T.  658         i)oveU)n,SirW.222  Eales  M.  553  528.     A.  M.  417. 

De  Morgan,  G.  531    Dowding,  P.  665  Earl,  £.445  D.  M.  644.      £. 

Dendy,  A.  334             Dolling,  G.  P.  213  Earle,  W.  H.  642  C.    308.      F.    K. 

DeMi*.  L.  6.     A.  87    Down.  Mrs.  T.  308  Easr,  J.  1.  328  642.    H.  308.  M. 

l)eiihHm,H.M.  528    Downer,  E.  440  Easterton,  W.  86  531.    R.44G.    T. 

Denisun,  E.  H.  646    Duwnes.F.668.  M.  Easter,  A. 86  193.    W.E.I9.I 

Dennian,Hon.Capt.        A.  L.  418  Eastlake,  C.  L.  86  Everard,    E.     220, 

417                           Dowson,  F.  E.  195  Eaton,  M.  216.   T.  643.     S.  444 

Denne,  G.  307             Doyle,  C.  W.  646.        109  Evered,  W.  215 

Deniii*,  Capt.  645.       U.  G.  220  Eden,    J.    P.   415.  Every.  H.  418,  530 

E.  663.    J.  642      Draper,  S.  216               Sir  W.  645  Ewart,  Mrs.  333 


Index  to  Names^ 


691 


Ewt'ii,  C,  417 
Eitun,  R.  64:i 
Eyre,     C.    C    09- 
F,J.  310.     (i.  E. 
307.     H,  S.  87 
Eytou,  E.  216 
F«PK,E.4l8 
Fagge,  J. 3ta 
Fanshawf,  H.  646 
Fjirebfiither,  C*  310 
F«rl*'y,  G.  41^ 
Farquliar,  Lady  64  4 
FaiTer,  A.E.HMi)6 
Fas  son,  T.  3i8 
i-auiicr,  K  P.  89 
Faux»  D.  log 
Favey»  A.  F.  553 
Fawdry,  J.  644 
Fearon,  D.  E.  643. 
J.  662,    W.  C.  87 
F«aiberitori,   C.  J. 

528 
Feerliam,  A,  354 
Feild,  S.  219 
Feildiiix,  A.  310 
Feld^  Ctiunt  T*  J. 

de  U  n  1 
Fellcnberf,M.de86 
Fdluwes.E.  106,216 
Ftrllo«*£,  T.  L.  643 
FetindL  E.  Ids.    S, 

103 
Kenton,  E.  667.   G. 

L.  195 
Feriwick^  N.  C.  103. 

N.  R  554 
Ferifuiuru  E.  633 
Fernandez, F.  A.  44 1 
Ftfrnic,  T.  443.  \V. 

A.  443 
Ffroyhoupb,T.9l7 
Ferrard,    Hon,    H. 

M.S.  194 
Ferfirr,  Capt*  553 
Ferris,  W.  530 
Ferryman,  A,  H.  85 
Frnince,  i>.  108 
Ficklin.M.  R.  GC6 
Fi«1i),   E.   415.     F. 

32B.  J.  443 
figg"n«i  V.  440 
Filder,   A.    ^h    89. 

H,C  O.  Jll 
Fiiicb,  M.  439 
Finycane,  A.  334 
Fifb,  E.  668 
Ftibbourne,W.  193 
Fbber,  M.  S3L  R. 
J.  446.     W,  417 
Fiske,  J.  329 
Fiiun,  J.  3i9 
Fiiztbpence,   Lady 

A.  M.  C44 
FJtx^er4lcl|       Mrt* 


J II, 194,  A.  334, 
C.  64^.  T.  359 
Fitabtrbert,  II.  2H 
FiUbenry,A,  R..>53 
Fitz-Wmiam,  Hun. 
M.  M-444.C.439 
Flahauk,    Han.   £. 

E.  de  hG 
Fleming,  G.  658 
Fletcher,   Mr.  418. 

A.  645.     J.   5^. 

J.  W,  529. 
Flood,  Mm.  529 
Flower,  H.  105.    L, 

195,  W.  103 
Flowtrs,  VV.  H.645 
Fl'iyer,  J.  307,417 
FoJ€y,Hon.A.F.307 
Fuley«HoQ.G.4U 
Fulkestone;    Visct. 

308 
Fulktr^  Lady  644. 
Sir  W.   W.   528, 
529.     R.  B,  108 
Fonblar^tjuc,  E.  441 
Fooker,  C,  H.  193 
F'oote,  F.  R.  2S« 
Forbes,  A.  416.    C. 

F.  415 
Ford,  C.  531 
Fureiter,  Hen.  S.  L. 

646.     R.  F.  106 
Forife,  E.  87 
Formby,  H.  308 
Fottlcr,  A.  195 
Fonc»cue,MnJ94. 

H.  R.529.M.333 
FoskeH,  P.  530 
Foii,  E.  646 
Forsiep,  C.  333*    J. 

196,  219 
Foulket,  J.  J.  86 
Fu^vcaux,  F.  328 
Fowke,M.  M.  554 
Fowler,    Mrs.   445. 

A.  531.     C.  108. 

J.M.530,  VV.216 
F*>x,  E.  J.  653.    J. 

643.     S.  M.  417 
Fuy,  Mrs.  218 
Frances,  W,  A.  87 
Fraiicii,  C,  J.  196. 

T.332 
FranklAiid,  A.  iiie, 

W.  *;46 
Fratikt,  F.  664.    T. 

H.  193 
Frjuef,  M.  309.  W. 

439 
Frazer,  J,  531 
Fjeebaiffi,  R.  221 
FreeUnd,  H,  214 
Fi-eemaii,  Mn.  644. 

J.  N.  213 


Freifiuaiit1e,T.662» 

French,  E.  217 
Frere,  Mn.  ,103.  E. 

445.     E.  J*  668 
Frewen,  A.  445 
Frith, C.  195.  P,556 
FroM,  A.  H.  643 
Fiy,  W.  B.  415 
Fryc,  S.  440 
Fuidgc,  W.  V.  667 
Fursdoii,  G.  89 
Fysb,  H.  444,  556 
Gainsboroiigbf     T. 

442 
G.ii[isrord,A.E,  I96. 

J,  196 
Gale,  F.  L.  646 
Garbett,  J.  85,  643 
Garden,  C.  M*4I7» 

W.  642 
Gardener,  S.W J  93 
Gardiner,  Sir  J.  193 
Gardner.  A.  668.  A. 

D,658.VV.H.644 
Garland,  E.W.  4 17. 

L.  334 
G>rneU,  M.  J.  1^9^ 

T.  87 
Garret,  E.  M.  195 
Garrett,  E.  W.  528 
Garriek,  N.  E.  1 07 
Gaikell,  J.  U.  194 
Gataker,  T»  556 
Giitliff,  J.  104 
Gat  ley,  J.  440 
Gay  ion,  T.  W.  196 
Geddei,  W.  642 
Geilge,  Mrs.  B^^ 
Gellett»  K.  555 
George,  E.  S.  330. 

M.  89 
Gervis,  —  557 
Gibb,  L.J.  104 
GJbbingi,  R.  329 
Gibbi,  J,  668 
Gibson,  B.  529.    E. 

332,  459.     E.  C 

418,     H.416 
G»flrord,  Hon*  C«  D. 

645 
Gilbert.   670.      C. 

310.    E.  531.    E. 

A.  108.     J.  666 
Gilcbrkt,  E.  109 
Gilder,  M.  89 
Gilet,  R.  L.  310 
Giike*,  W.  659 
Cilibee,  W.  193 
Gillespie,  A.  195 
Giniat,M.  A.  105 
Gilling,  R.  85 
Gilpin.  B.  194.     J. 

659.     P.  529 


Gilson,  IL  S.  665 
Girt,  Hon.  Mrs.  44^ 
Gladstone.  Mrs.  529 
Glaiieer,  W.  659 
GIaicott,A.J.R.645 
Glei^,  G.  R.  528 
Glen,  G.  446 
Glenn,  R.  ^9 
Glenny,  A.  107 
Glentwortb.Ld.  439 
Glorer,  A.  M.  2l6 
Glynei,  E.  S.  439 
Glyiine,  IL  86 
Godbold,  G.  S.  B. 

196 
Goddard,C.  B.557- 

E.  549 
Goding,  T.  105 
Godson,  S.  22 1 
Golding,    A.    668. 

H.  643 
Gnyiii^ham.  A.22i 
Goldney.  S.  F.  309 
GoldBmid,  R.  646 
Goodall,    M.   417. 

W.  660 
Goodcbild,  J.  2IS 
Goodden,  M.  667 
Goodford,  C.  0.531 
Goodlake,  E.  107 
Guodman,  M,  440 
Goudrick,  E.  310 
Goodwill,  C.  83 
Goudwin^   W.  300, 

529 
Gordon,  A.  307.  O. 

H.O.  415.    G.G. 

528.    G.J.  R.  85. 

H.  530.  T.  ms 
Goiiip,  W.  H.  528 
GcjU,H.T.558.    R. 

663 
Gould,  Miss  89.  F. 

332.    —  329.  J. 

552 
Goutdtng.  Mrs.  105 
Grace,  E-  441 
Grahtm,  A.443.  C. 

443.    E.  671.    G, 

329.    J.  214,  327, 

J.  R.T.528.    M; 

108,  T.  64:?.  W* 

88 
Granby,     Marqitcfi 

of  85 
G range r«  Mr*.  665 
Grant,  LidyP.33S* 

Mrs.  308.  A.  105. 

C.642.  C.E.S31. 

L.A.644.  P.642. 

Hon.  E.  A.  md. 

W.  443 
Grantham,  C.  415 
GritUn,  W,  661 


692 


Indat  to  tfttma. 


Graf  es,  Hon.  C.  N. 

309.  H.  M.  642 
Gray,  Mri.  S21.  E. 

309.     J.  H.  310. 

M.  89.  S.  530 
Gream,  C.  D.  646 
Greatorex,  M.  309 
Green,  A.  E.  646. 

£.  D.  196.  G.  88. 

J.3S8.  M.A.645. 

R.  196.  S.C.530. 
Greene,  E.  H.  645. 

F.  G.89 
Greenhalgby  M.  S. 

418 
Greenwood,  W.  104, 

666 
Gre^fory,  J.  85 
Gregson,  H.  196 
Greij^,  Mrs.  554 
Grenfell,  F.  £.  196 
Greirille.    E.    531. 

Lady  K.  194.   F. 

H.  88.    H.  <219. 

J.  F.  646 
Grey    of     Grotby, 

Lady,  317.  C.C. 

645.    LadyO.  E. 

C.  416.   J.  64S 
Grierton,  J.  195 
Grieve,  A.  663.   Lt. 

C.  530 
Griflfenhoofe^  B.  665 
Griffin,  H.  H.  418. 

J.  H.  88 
Griffith,    Mrs.    86. 

C.    105.    D.  W. 

307.     F.  E.  670. 

T.  308 
Griffiths,  Mrs.  416. 

J.  193,  309 
Gri^son,  W.  85 
Grimsbawe,  M.  E. 

194 
Grindall,  R.  F.  309, 

416 
Grittoii)  P.  B.  195 
Grove,  W,  389 
Grover,  S.  555 
Groves,  J.  551 
Gfoyther,  J.  629 
Grueber,  C.  S.  308 
Guest,  B.  85 
Goillamore,  Viscss. 

194 
Guillemard,  G.  670 
Gunner,  A.  A.  88 
Gunninc^,J.  W.415 
Gunton,  J.  643 
Gurney,  S.  R.  443. 

T.  440 
Gustard,  E.  334 
Outbrie,  L.  85 
Cutteridge,  J,  664 


Guyon,  B.  J.  642. 

J.  220 
Gwillym,  R.  310 
GWllt,C.667.  J.667 
Gwyn,  H.  307 
Gwynne,  M.  £.  195 
Gyde,  Vf.  I96.    W. 

H.  440 
Gyll,  H.  328 
Hacault,  F.  310 
Hack,  Mrs.  219 
Haddan,  T.  440 
Haddington,  E.  of 

529 
Haddo,  Lady,  644 
HadWin,  R.  C.  214 
Haigh,  S.  109 
Hailet,  S.  332 
Hainswortb,  i.  553 
Hainwortb,  W.  666 
Haibert,  J.  S.  442 
Haldane,  W.  669 
Halibafton,  R.221, 

445 
Hall,  Adm.  558.  F. 

109.    G.W.  107. 

J.  442.  J.C.550. 

J.  R.  308.  L.  645. 
Hallett,  C.  334 
Hallewell.  J.  529 
HalUfaa,  R.  D.  85 
Haimey,R.  S.  531 
Halliwell,  J.  415 
HaUowes,  Mrs.  643 
Hallwahl,  J.  529 
HalBted,  E.  217 
Hamer,  L.  £.  I96, 

416 
Hamilton,  A.  310. 

A.  C.  A.  196.  C. 

642,  661.    C.  B. 

528,643.    £.  M. 

645.     F.W.  531. 

J.  556.     J.  F.  C. 

415.     L.  87.    Hi. 

552.R.G.B.447. 

T.  193 
Hammond,    E.    J. 

220 
Hamond,G.E.W.89 
Hanby,A.M.  417 
Hancock,  M.  E.  89 
Hankey,  Mn.  643. 

C.  M.  666.  H.  A. 

193 
Hanling,  J.  659 
Hannay,  J.  193 
Hanson,  A.  87.   E. 

552 
Harbin,  A.  218 
Harborougb,  £.  of 

195 
Harcourt,  Mn.  308, 

#•106 


Hardcattle,   E.   J. 

196.    T.  445 
Harding,    C.    554. 

H.  308 
Hardinge,SirH.643 
Hardwick,  A.  89 
Hardy,  C.  H.  220 
Hare,  Hon.  E.C.669 
Harland,  Mn.  445 
Harmah,J.328.  P. 

222 
Harmar,  E.  W.  557 
Hanner,  Mn.  331 
Harmage,  M.  216 
Harper,  Mn.  644 
Harries,  E.  193 
Harriott,  D.  444 
Harris,  Hon.  Mn. 

86.    A.  646.    E. 

222.   Hon.  E.  A. 

J.  528.    H.  B.  S. 

643.    P.  642.  T. 

529. 
Harrison,  Mrs.  644. 

G.  307.  G.  C.  89. 

J.  415,  416,  644. 

J.  K.  216.    R.  J. 

857 
Han,  F.  H.  307 
Hartley,  M.  557 
Harvey,  C.  666.  G. 

C.  222.     G.   E. 

443.     G.  L.  531. 

Hon.  J.N.  87. T. 

329.     W.  R.  89 
Hase,  R.  439 
Haselar,  M.  88 
Haslehunt,  S.  218 
Has!erigg,Lady,644 
Hasluck,  M.  C.  87 
Hastings,  Marchss. 

of,  529 
Hatch,  R.  C.  1 10 
Hatchell,  J.R.334, 

446.     S.  334, 446 
Hathorti,  S.  106 
Havelock,  H.  642 
Haverl,T.  310 
Haw,  A.  H.  670 
Haward,  C.  644 
Uawarden,  A.  531 
Hawker,  F.  A.  531 
Hawkes,  E.  L.  86. 

J.H.89.  T.F.328 
Hawkins,    F.  415. 

G.  C.  308.     H. 

£.669 
Hawkshaw,  E.  fi. 

193.  E.  £.  309 
Hawksley,  R.  553 
41awley,SirJ.H.307 
Hawortb,£.M.216 
Hawthorne,  C.  830 
Hay,  Lady  C.  86, 


C.  644.    E.  415. 

G.  E.  444.  J.  643. 

Hon.  S.  643.  W. 

531 
Hayes,  P.  221 
Haynes,  A.  218.  J. 

308 
Hayter,  M.  107 
Hasard,  H.  87 
Head,  F.  S.  89 
Heale,  M.  557 
Ueartley,  C.A.643 
Heath,  C.  531,644. 

W.  218 
Heathcote,  E.  661. 

F.  E.310.   H.  S. 

665.  M.  217.  N. 

T.  E.  670 
Heather,  T.  442 
Helntx,  M.  E.  646 
Heiscb,  F.  417.  P. 

J.  552 
Helmore,T.  196 
Heming,  Mrs.  194 
Hendenon,  J.   86, 

215 
Henley,  E.  309, 310 
Henman,C.  418 
Hennell,  C.  C.  86 
Henning,   E.   556. 

J.  P.  216 
Hereford2yiscss.644 
Hervcy,  T.  531 
Heurtley,  C.  A.  644 
Hewett,  J.  W.  88 
Hewitt,  Lady  M.308 
Hewlett,  M.  531 
Hewson,  T.  668 
Heyes,  C.  553 
Heyman,  M.  443 
Hibbert,H.  441 
HIchens,  W.  A.  87 
Hicks,  Mn.  643 
Higgons,W.J.J.87 
Higgins,  G.  645 
Higginson,J.M.528 
Hicham,  J.    309. 

f.  216 
Highat,  R.  222 
Hill,  A.  214.   A.B. 

643.  J.  106,  333, 

416.    J.  W.  88. 

M.  193,  445.    N. 

J.  106.  S.H.417 
HiUand,  6.  H.  645 
Hills,    F.    J.   417. 

R.  664.  R.  J.  88 
HiUyard,  H.T.416 
Hind,  J.  88 
Hinde,  A.  J.  194 
Hindle,  J.  F.  307 
Hindman,  J.  107 
Hingeston,  R.  591 
HlasoD;  W.  88 


Index  U  Nams^ 

AM       I 

V           Hi  |>pi*ley  ,R.W,  193 

Home,  N.  195 

Hutcbine,    G.    H. 

Jermyrt,  S,  T.  88              ^| 

HucUf  E,  3^29 

Horner,  T.  S.  440 

442,     M.E.646. 

Jerrard,  F,  W.   H.          ■ 

Hitchcock, D,  440 

Hornsbv,  C.  310 

W.  T.  445 

196.     R.  S.  195            ■ 

Hitclien,VV.H.528 

Horsley'jE,  53L   J. 

HtilcbinEon,  J.  85. 

Jervjf,  M.  329                  ^M 

Hoiire,   F.   P.   415. 

416 

M.  87*    T,554 

Jeyef,  P.  105                     ^1 

H*  309 

Hort,  G.  L,  °93 

Hutton,  C,  H.  86. 

Jocelyn,  VUcsi.  86          ^B 

Hubart.H.C.  216 

Morton,  F.  440 

E.  328.     T.  307 

John,  G.  D.  87.  W.          ■ 

Hobb€6,  H.  W.  \$6 

HoBUck,    Dr.    334. 

Miff,  Dr.  308 

A.  217                           ■ 

Hobhoute,  R.  308 

J.  446 

Ingle,  C.  104 

JohnBon,E.329.  M.          ^M 

lli>blcr;  M.  A.  418 

Hosken,  C.  89 

Inglii,  R.  L.  218 

A.  89.  W.  G.  645          H 

Hobson,  JJ04,!05, 

Huikios,  M.  445 

Ingram,  M.  £.87 

Jobnston,    J.   446»          ^M 

W.  W.  643 

Hoste,  Sir  W.  85 

Inman,  D,  110 

M.  530                             ^1 

Hocker,  Mrs.  599 

Holchkin,  C.A.  108 

IntJCi,  E.  555.     G. 

Jobnaon«,Mr«.194.         ^| 

Hodge,  C,  V,  30B, 

Hotbatti,  L.  530 

87-  P.642.  T.333 

Hon.Mrs.H.308.          H 

W,  B.  89.   T.  S. 

Houghton,  J.  106 

lnvcrarity,J.D.530 

A.  E.  439.     C.  P.           ■ 

644 

Houldiicb,   A.    88, 

Inverurie,  Lord  331 

556.    I.M.J. 307          fl 

Hodget,  Mn.   194. 

3S9 

Ireland,  A.  HI 

JoUiffe,  G.  555.   G.          ^1 

E,  644 

House,  S,  U.  309 

Iremonger,EtS.  H. 

H.  444.     J.  555            ■ 

HoJgkinBon,  G.  C. 

Howard,  C,  B.  3i6. 

645,     W.  646 

Jones, Mr«. 445.  A.          ■ 

B6,  19e,  416.    R. 

M.A.654.  T.442 

Irvin,  J.  195 

89.     A.  M.  568.          ■ 

W.  193.     S.  644 

Howe»  J.  89 

Irvine,   Mrs.    230. 

C.  69.   106,      C.          ■ 

Hod  gs  on  1  Mrs,  4 16, 

Howell,  J,  W.  SIB 

J.  552 

W.J.  529.   D.  L.          ■ 

C.  108.  E.  F.415. 

Howe«t  ^'  660 

Irviiig,  W.  C.  195 

196.    E.  107.   G,          ■ 

H.S.  a07.  M.A. 

Howlelt  J.  S,  SI7 

Irwin  T.  646 

646.     G.  F.  667,          ■ 

D,  417 

Hoyte»  W.  S.  89 

haacson,  R.  332 

G,   J.   531.      H,          ■ 

Hot!son,Hon.S.555 

Hiiband,  G.  J.  646. 

libHl,  E.J,  531 

415.     H.  B.  85,           ■ 

Hogg.  F,  H.  645 

H u bbard ,  Hon  * M  rs* 

hbaTtifD.444 

].   W,    661.      J.           ■ 

Holbecb,  i,  M.  669 

308*    L.  A.  646. 

Ivie,  S.  310 

110,^16,307,326,           ■ 

Holdeii,    Mrs.    86. 

W.  444 

Jack,  T.  659 

415,550,659,660*          ■ 

L.  555 

Hudson,  J.  85 

Jaeksoti,  Mrs.  563. 

J.B.  G.  415.   M.  Jj^B 

Hole,  E.  M.  441 

HugbetiA.  110.  £. 

A.  220.     F,  5^9. 

215,221,328,552.  fli^H 

Holfurd,  C.  C.  445 

S.310.    H.A.89. 

F,  A,  659.     F,  G, 

M,F.F.  221.  M.^^B 

Hol|arid»D.88,    H, 

H.    C.   335.      J. 

88.     G.  415,     J. 

G,  665.     M.   8.         ■ 

L.  645.     J.  53 L 

629.     J.  E.  214. 

308.     M.  1.  196. 

646.    R.660.   R«          ■ 

S.  A. 418 

J.    C.    418.      K. 

T,  308,  441,  643. 

R.  221.     S.  194.          ■ 

HoUingbery.A.  109. 

no«    R.  S16 

W.  E.  528 

T.  308.661.     W.          ■ 

J.  556 

Ho6o,T.  3?9 

Jacob,  C,  665 

307.     W.  M.  G66         ■ 

Holtinsheadt  A.  439 

Hole,  H.  330 

Jagger,J.  217 

Jope.  J.21.;                       H 

Hollis,  Mrs.  4  16 

Hull,  Mrs.  86.     H« 

Jatnes,   Lady   308. 

Jurden,  W.  P.  |^           ■ 

Holmes,  J,  110,  T. 

664 

A. 3 10      D.  307, 

Joyce,  £.417                    H 

106,    VV,  A.  214. 

Htilme.  J.  W.  307 

B.  218.     J,  193, 

Juiiui,  G.  C.  417              H 

Holit,  voii  T.  439 

Holston,  J.  333 

445.     M,  E.4t8. 

Junor,  S,  H.  292               ■ 

Hok^Dr,  418.      F. 

Hukon,  C.  G.  643 

W.  B.  643 

Kane,  £.  J,  86                   ■ 

86.     M.  195 

Humble,  H.  193 

Jameson,  S.  H.  88 

Kearney,  H,  418               ^M 

UokliDUSc,  H,  555 

Hume,  A.  222 

J«niiefon*  E,  310 

Keating,  M.  645               ^| 

Holweil,  1.  H.44I 

Hutnfreys,  F.  656 

Janvrln,  A.  5.309 

Keddle,  J.  329                    ■ 

Honey  wood, VV.  530 

Hummeriton,C.664 

Jarvis,  B.  E.  88.  C. 

Keeling,  R.  418                 .■ 

Hooper,  A.  554.  S. 

Humphreys,  J. 333. 

J.  309.     J.G.  87 

Keene,  C.  644           ^^^1 

555 

M.    R.    E.    418. 

Jeanneret.S.J.  442 

Kelly,  J.  1 10            ^^H 

Hope,  Hon.  Mrs.G, 

S.  196 

Jebb,  E.  J,  446 

Keir,  H.  668            ^^^M 

416.  HoTi.J.5$d. 

Hun&Ustelfi,B.de89 

Jee,  J,  557 

Kekewick,  Mrs.  86.          H 

A.  J.  553.  C.  W. 

Hunt,  H.  220,    T. 

Jeffery,  L.  C.  1^ 

L.  666,     S.554             ■ 

557.     Rt.   H.  J. 

L.  193 

Jel^  Mr«.308.  Dr. 

Kelly,  R.  307.    8*          ■ 

5^8 

Hunler,  G,  2»  J. 

86 

R.  A.  446                      ■ 

Hoi^^ood,  E.  195 

417.645.  P. Ill, 

Jcnkin,  P.  87 

Kelner,  S.  £.664              H 

Hopkins,  Mrs,  556 

R.  A.  309 

Jenkins,  J.  G.  222. 

Kelson,  8.  331                   ^M 

Hopkinioti,  B,  662 

Hurte,  H.  B.  310 

L  M.  87.    T.  P. 

Keaible^  Mrf .  308             ^1 

Hopper,  R.  L.  529 

Hurlock,  P.  S,  310 

103 

Ketum,  W.  3(»9                 ^M 

Hopion,  S.  554 

Hurst,  R.  H.  643 

Jenner,  R,  88 

KefDpiA.I09.G,416          ^1 

Hop  wood,  Mrs.  108, 

HuBkUson,  G,  558, 

Jeiinin^i   £.    329. 

Kempe,  A.  1.06.    C.          ^1 

H.  338 

S.  D.  195 

R.  136 

W.  418-    K.  441           ^M 

Horn,  R.  »IS 

Hu«5ey,E.307.    J* 

Jcnnini,  M.  ^   Tl'^ 

j^^^^H 

Hornby,  J.  418,  S. 

M.  C.  530,    W, 

Jenyns,  B.  6' 

^^^^^M 

645.    W.  645 

H,  417 

Jvrdaii;  F 

^J 

694 

Kendle,  E.  194 
Kenion,  A.  556 
Kenmure,  Vis.  86 
Kennedy »J.  85.    J. 

W.556.  W.J. 86 
KensinKton,Bs$.332 
Kent,  C.  589.     £. 

664.    J.  106 
Ken  worthy,  J.  415 
Kenyon,  J.  R.  86 
Keppel,  Mn.  86 
Kernan,  Dr.  446 
Kertey,  C.  M.  309 
Kerthawy  J.  664 
Kersteman,  J.  106 
Key,  Mn.  643.    E. 

439 
Kevt,  C.  646. 
Kidder,  £.  89 
Killwick,  F.  A.  530 
Kiloer»  G.  445 
Kilpin,M.A.W.646 
Kincaid,     C.     lOS. 

M.  309 
King,    Lady,    644. 

G.  308,  415.    J. 

107,644.  M.387. 

IL643.  R.H.  85 
Kingdom,  E.  917 
Kiogdon,  S.  N.  196 
Kingtford,  S.  193 
Kiofsley,  C.  196 
Kin8ton,C.M.817. 

G.  215,  387 
Kinloch,  G.  440 
Klnnaird,Hoii.Mn. 

589 
Kinsey,  W.  M.  308 
Kiotore,  £.  of,  333 
KIrby,  F.  W.  196 
KirkbaiD,J.W.  589 
Kirkinan,M.S.310 
Kirkneis,  M.  A.  86 
Kirkpatrick,  P.  310 
Kitchen,  C.  441 
Kitton,  A.  444 
Kni|ht,  C.  89.    E. 

M.  646.    G.  193. 

T.4I8.  T.P.308. 

W.  B.  85 
Knollyt,  J.  W.  no 
Knott,  G.  819 
Knottesford,  M.  M. 

88. 
Knonles,  M.  555 
Knox,  T.  85 
Kuper,  H.G.415 
Kyan,  J.  H.  439 
Lacy,  T.  531 
Lain^:,  C.  193 
Laisbley,  I).  194 
Lake,  E.  109 
LaUnde,  A.  439 
Unb^H.665.X.043 


Index  to  Namei. 


Lambert,  M.H.  81 5 
Lampen,  R.  589 
Lamprvll,  J.  443 
Lancaster,  G.  193 
Land,  W.  880 
Landon,  C.  M.  448 
Lane,E.  193.  J.T. 

684 
Lang,  Tou,  C.    H. 

447.     M.  388 
Lan^ale,  A.  644 
Langdon,J .  554,665 
Langfordy  MiM,3 10, 

417.    J.  880 
Langton,  D.  88.  M. 

555.     Z.  816 
Large,  E.  M.  87 
Larklns,  J.  644 
Latimer,  Mrs.  668 
Laugharne,   T.  G. 

659 
Law,  R.  307.  K.  L. 

531 
Lawrence, A.  J.  418. 

G.  0.87.  J.  531. 

W.  388 
Lawton,  J.  89 
Lax,  T.  85 
laying,  T.  F.  643 
Layton,  H.  643.  M. 

338.    M.A.  105 
Leacb,0.643.  R.661 
Leaman,  T.  193 
Lear,  H.  665 
Leather,  E.  387.  H. 

S.446 
Leathley,  J.  558 
Le  Blanc,  L.  87 
Le  Breton,J.E.  416 
Lecale,  Bsi.  of,  665 
Lechigaray,  M.  816 
Le  Conteur,  M.  88 
Lee,  E.  530.    G.  P. 

415.  J.663.  Hon. 

Mn.  L.  308.    R. 

440, 551,668.  W. 

86 
Leeds,  E.  C.  668.' 
Leekey,  Mn.  666 
Lefevre,  J.  G.  S.  85 
Legard,  H.  333 
Legge,  Hon.  H.  668 
Legh,  C.  555.     £. 

A.  89 
Leigh,  R.  85.  S.439 
Lely,  F.  817 
Le  Marchant,Lady, 

194.    T.  85 
Lempriere,  E.  333 
Lendon,  C.  643 
Lennox, LordA.643. 

Lndy,  194 
Lethbridge,      Mn. 

644.  T.C,M.670 


LeTi,  N.  P.  447 
Leryson,  Mitt.  530 
Lewellin,  M.  A.  557 
Lewes,  G.  W.  415 
Lewin,  R.  H.  307 
Lewis,  A.  309.     E. 

819.     G.  281.   J. 

104.  Hon.M.334. 

S.  553 
Ley,  G.  T.  818 
Lidbitter,  J.  109 
Uddell,  Hon.  Mn. 

86 
Lindei^n,  J.  588 
Linderman,S.A.531 
Lingard,  G.  107 
Lillie,  Sir  J.  S.  307 
LilUes,  G.  553 
Litter,  J.  644.    J. 

M.415.  J.S.659 
Littlehales,J.C.I03 
Littler,  J.  H.  648 
Litton,  E.  A.  85.  C. 

E.  416 
Livetay,  G.  M.  87 
Lloyd,  E.  440.     H. 

108,418.  J.  415. 

M.  A.  195.    M. 

F.417.     W.  108 
Uuellyn,  R.  307 
Lobb,  G.  819 
Lock,  Sir  J.  331 
Locke,  K.  P.  531. 

W.  645 
Lockwood,E.J.644 
Loder,  C.  643, 667 
Logan,  E.  388 
Lomas,  T.  103 
London,  Bp.  of,  M. 

daughter  of  87 
Long,  B.  554.  I.  D. 

195.  M.665.  Sir 

W.  193 
Longlands,  M.  443. 

W.  D.  643 
Lonsdale,  E.  of  588. 

J.  W.  557 
Loraine,  M.  1 10 
Loscombe,G .  A.  646 
Lett,  S.  J.  85 
Lonsada,  Mrs.  416. 

B.4IH.  E.  B.554 
Lore,  Mn.  443 
Lovegrove,  L.  645 
Lofeless,  Bt.  643 
Loyelock,  E.  106 
LoTett,  Hon.  Mrs. 

86.    Mn.  666 
Lowe,  E.  389.    H. 

440,44).  N.  589. 

R.  670 
Lowndes,  Mrs.  643 
Lowry,  M.  416 
Lowther,  Misi  645 


Loxharo,  L.  195 
Loxley,  M.  J.  105 
Lubbock,  Lady  644. 

E.  87 
Lucas,  J.  556    M. 

C.  195.     P.  439 
Ludlow,  E.  87 
Lumb,  T.  D.  813 
Lumley,  A.  M.  646. 

J.  R.642.  S.  816 
Lumsdaine,M.L.87 
Lundie,  M.  A.  555 
Lupton,  J.  659 
Lusbington,  C.  A. 

334. 
Lutbell,  il.  F.  307. 

L.  331,444 
Luxmoore,T.B.  553 
Lyail,B.&A.E.  558 
Lye,  A.  J.  89 
Lynch,  Mn.  644 
Lyon,  W.  642 
Lyster,  L.  309 
Lyttelton,  Hon.  L. 

86 
Lyttleton,Mn.  194 
Lytton,  E.K.  B.308 
Maber,  G.  M.  814 
Maberly,  S.  E.  195 
Macan,  C.  N.  645 
M 'Andrew,  D.  538 
Macartbur,  E.  E. 

644.     P.  88 
Macau  lay, T.B.  648 
Macbeen,  A.  85 
MacCartby,  Mrs. 

644 
M'Cormick,  J.  308 
M'CuUocb,  M.  531 
Mftcdonald,  Sir  J. 

193.  J.  H.  64S 
Macdo»ell,Mn.8l8 
MacDouf^all,  S.  D. 

418 
Macdowell,  G  J.M. 

648 
M*Ewen,  D.  669 
Mac^regur,  C.A.88. 

F.  C.  415 

Mac  lobbair,  A.  B. 

669 
M*Kee,  J.  R.  196 
Mackenrot,  F.  B. 

417 
Mackenaie,      Maj. 

333.   A.  110.  A. 

G.  194.  C.A.439. 
H.  193.  J.  670 

M'Kie,  P.  648 
Mackintosh,  J.  ^3 
McLaren,  J.  85 
M«Leod,  B.  555 
M'Mahon,Mn.446, 
66$ 


Indes^  to  Names, 


M*Murr4ty,  G.  440 
M'Nair.  Mtis  41T 

M^cphersuii,  R.  B. 

Miicqucen»  A*  558 
M*t^utiiie,  M.3f8 
Mactier,  W.  642 
Mjitlili)ck,T.  H,5'i8 
M.*tJJocki,  EX.  195 
Magnay,  A<56!.  L 

]09 
Miher,  N,  308 
Million,  Ladv,  309. 

Via.  (i4'> 
M;iidinair}|  664 
Mi*iiUnd,Mrs.4]tj, 

644.  E.J,B6,  G. 

L.  1.06.  Sir  P.  feS 
Mnjuribaiikt,  Mrs* 

SOS 
Millcolmsort,  J.  G. 

G70 
MAle.M.G.  4IH,531 
Malet,  Mrs.  86 
Malim,  i.  4IB 
Mating,  S.  417 
Mftltalieuf  J,  C.  Hd 
Mullet,  C.  645,     B. 

J.  645 
Mnkby,  R.  B.  193 
Man,  W,  222 
Maiiby,  J.  659 
(Vfjuiley,  J.  C.  559 
Mnnii,   R.  tJti'7.     S, 

P.   215.     VV,  M. 

f>4.7 

JMxriit&rKjMrfi.  308* 

W.  C.  331 
Mairnii^ir,  A,  tlfj? 
Mnnsel,  R.  A.  3UT. 

S.  B.  3i3 
Marisftdii.  G.  Slo 
Maufun,  M.  ^6 
M.iplt*s  VV.  644 
ftUrch,  E.  of  tid 
Mare,  C.  J*  195 
MareHelt,  H.  M.85 
M^rgeUf,   E.    ID^. 

T.  107 
Marjoribanki,   A. 

417 
MurkUy,  J.  J.  440 
Marpule,  J.  43£J 
MfirriuU,  11*37.  M. 

HAd.  \V.  M.S. 644 
Mnr^h.  M.    If.    m. 

H.  195 
Mufkhall,  E.  S.  87 
Miiniham,  Mr$.308 
Marltn,   Mrs.    194. 

A.  88.  C.A.  417. 

L%  M.55a.    P.O. 

610.  G.  194,309, 


339.     R.  M.  193. 

W.  87. 
Mftru»i?x,\V.  A.  67J 
Mftjx,  E.  fj{i3 
Mjiryj*nj  Mr*,  357 
Mh^uu,    F.   A.  55i^. 

G.  W.  646.  T.  H. 

85 
M&Siey^  ^  643.    A* 

418 
Masste,  T.  L,  417 
Ma«^y,Hijr>,MrB.44r; 
MMier,  B.  L.  5'i8. 

G*  F.  193 
MuJitt'TmatirC.  5JL 

R.  2i8 
Mnstert,  C,  H.  530 
Milher,  0,531,  G, 

196 
Maibeioiii  J,  87 
MatUew,  G.  B.  415 
MntliKwsA.M.  418 
MailiiitjKjC.  W.85 
Mnube\*f,   C.   64 "j. 

J.  559 
MAtthie,  H.  H)4 
MAuiJr,  1\  64J.    J". 

J.  196,  416 
Mao  ml,  M.  C.  194 
Maunder.  E.  518 
Maut^stfll,    R.    G43. 

T.  P.  t>46 
Mawley,  T.  R.  328 
Makwi-U,D,M.645. 

M.  H.  413 
Mav,  G,    193.      G. 

P.  418 
Maym,  M.  J.  643 
M-iyhPt  C]i|»t.   S2'2. 

U.Si^l}.     W.  !?22. 
Ma>ti,  Csi.  of  109 
Mead*-,  M»  415 
Medf^ts  E.  108 
Meetktrke,  M.  644 
MeUiuitts  C.  88 
Mellt^r.  P.  M.  645. 

T.  VV.  LOi 
MellLar,  E.  646 
Mellor,T.  W,  5^29 
M^vtH,  H,86»310 
MetviU-^  J.  C.  196 
Meiidliam.J.  193 
Meiidi,  A.  :t09,  310 
Mei.ttalli.G.VV.  193 
Mrrt-'cr,  J.  A.  110 
Mercv,  E.  A,  418 
MrrfdHb,!EW.307. 

R,  M.  85 
Mcrewrlher,  It,  A. 

416 
Mmy.  E.  107 
Met  calf,  F.  4»6 
Melcalfc,    E.    553, 

£.  A. 418 


Metaxa,  Css.  of  529 
Meylun,  L.  E.  89 
Meynck,  E.  E.  307 
Miehell,  J.554.    J. 

H.  660.  T.  106 
Middktoti,CJ.2l6. 

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33 1 .     C«  44 1 

6»rtd(ordp  Mrs.  230 
SRrvduiiip  C.^p.  531 
Saii*»oii,  T.  19  i 
)  fiaiidyi,  E.  M.  644 

Sarel,  R.  \vh 
Snrtit  A,  646 

Sam  oris,  Mf^.  644 
S,*i.l/J\  5J» 
Saiiiidt!rArMr«.'ll6. 

J.  4llj 
Sfnimnrfi.  E,  667 

E.30sj,.i3l.H  69. 

I*  E.  ti67.  J.3oa, 

642.     M.  C.  33«. 

S.  669 
SrturitJ,  M.  616 
Savoy,  i>ch«ft.  nf  5^p 
S^xUy,  C,  3i2 
I  Sax«*  C'^burir-Gd. 

Sftxod,  N.  664 
Sa>er«K.  L.  193.  J. 

ScRrleit,  Hon,  Mm. 

5£d.     Hon.  P.  C, 

52tt.     i^*  55'i 
Schom^n-rKi    C.    F* 

5^2^.  B.  645 
Schreibv^r,  E.  L.  556 
Scot  I,   £.    D,  h'iy, 

F/1.4I6.G,670. 

R.  416,530,     T. 

M'M*  531 
Scrivpin,  W.  221 
iiColtU*irpr,  J.  441 
Sra^rAOi,  W.  L.  55? 

Sfsk,  G>  A,  329 

Se4rt<',T.665.  J.309 
S«cb  I  |£r  ray ,  M  r«.  330 
Seilfwieki  E.  Sit 
Sri^ley,  C  .  645 
Sflby.  E.  196 
Srlfr,  Mn.  d6 
8ewrl],  J.  666 
8e)iiitjur,  Sip  J.  H, 

C.4I7.G.  F.642. 

J.  195.  M.  R.  310 
Sti»ik«l,  H.  663 
Sh»i-kley»  .».t*5»445 
Sbadttrll,  Mri.  5S9* 

r.G.  IU5 


Index  to  Mamei. 


Sbarpf  J.  tt0.    T. 

195.    W.4I7 
Sharf»p,  F.  440.    H. 

309 
Shaw,  H«  309 
Shawe,  F.  M.  415 
Sbetjb«are,  C.  6(j6 
Sbedden,    E,    418. 

L.  330 
Sli^lbunie,  E.off86 
Shelford,  T.  86 
Sliepheard,  A.  417. 

E.  4U 
Sht^Uctil,  E.  G.  H. 

HJ5.     S.  S.  BS 
Sbepfiiird,  Mrs  416 
Shf  rard,  C.  W,  6<>7 
Sbrrldaii,  Mrs.  308. 

C,  B.  ID5.    F.  C. 

in 

Sherfoek»Cftpt.53l 
Sberriff,  G.  447 
isherson^  M.   107 
Slii|.|>(!r,  J.  B.  193 
Sb4»rt»  C.  664 
Sliui  k':>ur|rhf  Sir  F, 

3U7.     H.  A.  88 
Sinner,  D.  2l6 
Shui««  A.  44.1 
Sibl*y,  J.  194,417, 

554 
Siaebeibani,  J.  440 
SidcbutMniip  A*  443 
Skdiitry,  B.  C.  557 
SilvfMteriLady,  IU5. 

J.  219 
Sim.  hL  309 
Simcox^T.  G*30e 
Sititmonty  A.  ^T«  C» 

M,  666 
Simuiht,  F.  109 

Simpki.is  T.  E.  ee 

Siinp^ifii,    E.     328. 

J.  P.  i5 
SimiMii,  H.3I0 
Si«(d«ir^  J.  85.    W. 

643 
Sitigt  r,  G,  645 
SiT»j(l^ti»nr  W.  66 
Skrluiii,  A.  E.  418, 

C.    Ni6.     J.  334. 

M.  195 
Skriif*,  M.  310 
Ski  Mier»     L.     SI 8. 

M.  666 
Skij»4.-v,R.  308.  5^9 
Skriiie,  C.  H.33I 
SUitr,  G*  3U»,  416. 

J.  110 
Sl«»c.»ek.  Mrs.  664 
Sloprr,  Mr^,  108 
Snittff,  ^lr%.  553 
SoMlei,  R.  89 
gm«ll,  J.  553. 


Smith,  Hon.  Mn. 
416.  Mra.86.215. 
A.  194,  553,660. 
A.M. 530.  C.919, 

644.  C.  C.  S2(l. 
C.  F.  R.  416.  I>. 
109.  E.  J.  642. 
E.  M.  416.  F.  U. 
53L  G.  109,416. 
G.J.  P.  194.  H. 
no,  SI 5,  308.  H. 
G.  643.  J.  443. 
J,  A.  I.f^3  J.  B. 
916.  J.  R.  311). 
L.I95.  L.L.5^9' 
M.2^0,  333,  667. 
M.  U  417.  M. 
M.  195.  P.  S.  89. 
R.  642.  T.  307, 
334.  T.  G.  a09. 
W.  L.  445 

Sniitb«o(»,  557|  669 
Smvib,   Mr*.     109. 

K.  use,  332 
Sai>lbi-,R.F,C,309 
StiiytbirR^T.  G.  308 
Siievd,   C.   P.    \B6. 

L'.J.439    R.307. 

S.  E.  2'i3 
SikuJdcis  Mrt.  107 
Sully,  W.  M.  418 
Sonierser,  A.  VV,  F. 

645.  LurdG.  643 
Saiheruh.  T.  308 
Stiupff,  E,  C.  644 
Soutbry,  S.  J.  195 
S.md.*it,  T.  F.  416 
Spatdrii^.    A.    3iS. 

C.  T.  445 
Sparkif,  J.  659.     F. 

P.  SI7 
Sparliiic,  R.  516 
Spear,M.444.  S.53I 
S|irer,  W.  667 
SperiCHjJ,  4(5.     1. 

I*  19*>.  416 
Spct<c«?r,  Mn.  529* 

E.  B.  644 
Spict-r,  M.   107 
Spii.ks  W.  216 
Spraibin^C.  F.  216 
Sprau.T,  A.B.  418 
Sprifig.  G.  T.  416 
Spry*-,  F.  3(0,417 
Spurrell,  J.  I9S 
SptdrrH,  L.  444 
^t<«tl)elf  S.  iOo 
Staiioimb,  VV,  668 
St«iiab«ck»  A  3iB 
Suiidly,  H.  P.  606 
St4ii»|f*?r^  C.  440 
Statacv,Uuti.E.64€ 
StaniffltJ,  J.  89 
Stratitharo^A.  B.87 


Sttnloni  G.  664 
Staples,  J.  M.  558 
Stafjleton,  G.  553. 

W,  H.4I7 
StciJ,  A.  3ti8 
Stediiian,  W,  670 
Sieele,  J.  W.  418, 

W.  310 
Siepheni,C  L.64S. 

II.    L.  307.     a. 

2(3.     8.86.218 
Stfpliensdii,  L4jy, 

194.     J.  H.S29 
Sierliiig,  P.  1.  B5 
Sieuari,  R.  557 
Si«vei>^^  M.  E.  417. 

S.   M.  2j7,     W, 

S.  531. 
Strvciisoit,  T.  658 
Steward,  A.  66 tf 
SU'warUC  216.  D. 

104.   £.669.    J. 

89, 557.    P.  559. 

W.  646. 
Su<?ll.  W.  H.  416 
Siienirnian^     Hon. 

F.  W.  Van  310 
Siirtin^f  J.  309 
Stocker^T.A.S  221 
Siuddari,  1*.  |09 
SuikfB,  G.  193.    J, 

557.     S.  222 
Stone,  C.  442.     M. 

N.  193 
Sttiii^f  R,  441 
Siopfurd,  J.  649 
Storer,  A.  418.  R. 

332 
Smrr,  P.  556 
Si«r),  J,  661 
Stourioii,   Hon.  E* 

309 
Siriidhrok^,E,or307 
StrahaiP,  W.  307 
Sirai.g,  M.  446 
Straiiifi-wayi,  J,4)7 
Strai.gway*,      Mft* 

3U8 
StraitfrbBm,  A.  B.86 
Sirnttnii,  G.  W.  tIS 
Sireaifirldj     Mrj. 

416.   H.  443 
Sireit<-IU  A.  B.  646 
Strickland,  307,310 
S(rut»|f,  Miit  86 
Si  rut  t,  Mrs.  US*  J. 

217 
Siuarf,   Mri.    3J3. 

Haii.Mrc.G.416. 

i.   417.    J.   199. 

At.  529 
SiubU.J.H.E.30f. 

J.  K.  613 
St  tick  ley,  A.  444 


^v 

index  io  Names* 

e99 

^                 StuJtJ,  S,  667 

Terry,  C.    109.    J. 

TowntlieniU  C  H. 

Vandeleur,  Mn.  86 

Stupart,  A,  C.  329 

C,  309 

417.     F.  110 

Varider  Horst,  E,C. 

Siiirge,  Y.  »30 

Tew,  E.  644 

Toier.  S.  665 

554 

Siylt?,  W.  5^8 

Thackeray,  J.  417 

TfHcy,  Mrs,  529 

Vanderslefen,  444 

Stytef,  E.  M.  530 

Tharp,  Mr«.308 

Triff-rd,  T.  dr  666 

Vnnp.  C.  220                  H 

SuUivAn,  SirC.  528. 

ThaU'her,  M.  555 

Trabfrnp,  J,  M,4I5 

Van  Str3iubeiixee,C.      ■ 

G.  J. 307 

Thesi^tT,  F.  5*:9 

Traiicbrlh,G  xV,193 

T.  642                         1 

Summer*,  E,  667 

Tbick,  C.  645 

IV^vtM,  F.  C.  417 

Vai^alt,  W.  106             ■ 

Suftim'^rr  J,  M.  88 

ThisiletbwayCe,    E. 

Travis,  VV.  J.  327 

Vanebnn,642.  Mrs.      | 

^K           Sunipier,    S,    3$S>» 

418 

Tredcruft,  H.  3i3 

194,  125.    B.  W. 

^B                T.  3^A 

Tfa(»ms%  G.  F.  195, 

Trt^d**?ll,  \V.  309 

2t6.  J.  il8 

^^            Snrttes  H.  E,  89. 

J.  3?9,  670.     M. 

Trevatiiaii,  T.  85 

Vawdr<fy,    D.    446.       ■ 

1                       R.  S.  64 J 

87.  R.553.  T,22r 

Trevor,  A.  H.  307- 

G.  551                          ■ 

^^            Suitierli«ii^,   r>eb9«. 

Thomt.Mra.  W,86 

P.  332 

VrHcU,  U,  P.  87            ■ 

^H               i>r86;  L.  A.S.^16 

Thomson,  Mr*.  664. 

TritEon,  .1.  87 

VenabUs,  J.  G.  89 

^H           SijiUby,  VV,  L.  645 

A.  556.     C.  662. 

TfuHopi*,  G.  F.  644 

Venn,  E,  88.  J,  193. 

^^B          Suttoti'^    Mrs.    104. 

E.  666 

TriHmari,  H.P.  218 

Verelit,  A.  C   104 

^H               E.A.646.  J.Sil. 

Thnmpson,  C.  558. 

Trutier,  Mr*.  445 

Vernon,  C.  444.  F. 

^H               J.  H.41G 

C.   T.   417.      H. 

Tni>*t.r,  C  F.  L95 

J,  558                           ■ 

^m           Sw^bf  V,  E,  66^.   II. 

6  15.     H.  E.  44ia. 

Trvon,  G-  M.  668 

Virtue,  A,  217.    S,      ■ 

^H                 B.  blH 

W.  86,  W.D.550 

TiiVk.-r,  C.  416,  L. 

217                               1 

^H          Svr.iisl4iti},  A.  3 10 

Tboms  Ml,    Lp.  309, 

S.  J29 

Virarf ,  J.  195              ■ 

^H           Swan,  1\  G.  S.  5^9 

ii6C 

Tii-lMf,     W.     529, 

Vicenrs,  J.  658             ■ 

^B           Si«aiiii,  W.  664 

Thiirley,  S.  417 

Mr^.  W.  H.  5^9. 

Vtdal,  0,  £.  193          ■ 

^H           Swiir»tiif»  M.  A.  4 1  i| 

Thnrtu  R.  415 

W.  L.  642 

Vi^den,  S.  M.  552        ■ 

^^m          Swaytie,  J.  64G.  L. 

Thtin.e,  W.  669 

TtilWrk,  A,  M.  645 

Visci.e,  M.  A.  531          ■ 

^H               M.  557 

Thr.riihill«Mrfl.3(}8. 

Tuimarfl,  Mr».  I94 

Vi-ur»,  H.  N.85          ■ 

^^^__Swi(i,  H.  E.  309 

K.  310 

TurubviU,  K.L.  558 

Viiiirombe.  D.  JW,       ■ 

^^^^HS«i*itOTtT  Mrs.  194 

Thornton,  W.J,  193 

Turner,     Lady     C. 

443 

^^^^FByilt^iilMm,Mr«*552 

Thim.ld,  Mr§.  5^9^ 

3m.   A.  3';9,    ('. 

Viuler,  J,  671 

^          Sy«*n  F.  C.  415 

H.  VV.  553.  E.  S. 

417.  £.  644.   H, 

Vltien.  S.  553             M 

^^B           Symrs  T*  H.  ."i^l 

194 

A.  556.     J.   326, 

V>>ulrs  E.  553             ■ 

^^B           Syindndf,  H.  415 

Tfiorp.  F.  195 

416,   643.    J,  A. 

Vuwe,  Mr*.  644           ■ 

^H           Symii^f,  T*  0.  307 

Thrui<*..i,C,T.528. 

3J4,     M.    NO, 

Vawell,  C.  664             ■ 

^^B            Sy  ni]><iiMi,  M  r6*  221 . 

P.  VV.  669 

Tiirc|nafMl.C.G.646. 

Voyk,  F.  E.  645          ■ 

^^H               A.  559 

Thulliifr,  S.  558 

T.  A.  222 

Vviier,  643                    ■ 

^^m           Syuutr,  M.  418 

TlMifiow,  J.  658 

TuritJii,  E.  86 

V>se,  W.  223               ■ 

^^B            TAhourdiii,    H*   O. 

Thiiffiby*  C.  334 

Tns^in,  F,  E.  85 

\Vaddirii^tun,J.  307      ■ 

^y                106.     P.  337 

Tbyriiip»L-*«lyJ.l94 

Tfiihtlt,  Mrs,  446 

Wa.le,C.  J.  530,  M.      1 

^^             Talhut,    Lady    106. 

Ti.'k*-!!,  Mr*.  5^9 

T«titi,S,  417 

219.  T.  528.   W, 

1                        Hon.    Mri.    3U8» 

Tiavwtll,  N.  555 

Trte^-diii**,  EH.  331 

308.552.  W.M.85 

^^               M.309 

Tteniey,A.557.  M. 

TiTc«Mi,  A.  417 

Wiiif,  J.  329 

^H           TiiUy,  Mrs.  553 

55e 

Tv^iiprny,  R.  213 

VVAJtham,  J.  417 

^V           Turner,  J.  663.  L. 

Tioil.^1,  A.  310,416 

TytTiiiftu,  E.  439 

W.kr,  M.  E.  609          _ 

W                      88 

Tinker,  E.  442 

Tyler,  C.  415 

Wal.l-gravr.  R,  443      M 

L                 TapUti,  E.  J.  88 

Ti|j|iinp,  G.  530 

Tyndatl,  C.  G.  418. 

Walduii,  L.  M.  195      ■ 

HK           TasHiirj^bf  M.  A.  R. 

Tobv,  W,  «i9 

T.  0.  646 

W.ilkc'f,  Udy.529.      I 

^M                G69 

Tvd,  A.  530 

Tyrr*-!!,  J.  645.  M. 

E.  H.  4h;  E.  S.     ■ 

^M           TaU'lu^lU  J.  T.  195 

T^iild;  M«.  em 

A.  89 

87.  G.  N.  89.  P.      ■ 

^B          Tatkiwrll»M;^j.  555 

Tumei,  J.  417 

Tytr,  E.  C.  86 

528.    H.  219.    S. 

^H          T^Uers^ill.G.  B.B7 

Tumkiri«.A.L.530. 

Uilnv,  G.  530 

332,    W.  H..309.      _ 

^^m           T*^mum,Mn,66rj. 

F.313 

Umnt-y,  G.  S.  Ba 

W»IU.A.>9.  R.643     m 

^V               W.  B.  555 

Toiife.  W.  N.  554 

U»iderw«od,  J.  551 

W«IUcr,C.  L.  556.      1 

1                   Tiivlcr,J.  552 

Ttjo-tie,  W.  A.  222 

Upjobii.  T.  214 

E,  F.  443.    T,  B. 

a                   Tftvl.ir,  A.  53r.    C. 

Toci^.r-d,  J.  105 

VptiitU  T.  221 

528.    W.N.  4I< 

531.     0.  U.  646, 

Ttipbain.  A.  555 

Uwi  •«,  E.  554 

Waller,  A.  196               ■ 

SrJ.4i:>.  J.2J7. 

Torr.  W.  666 

UxhridiT*-,    C**.     of 

WailisE.435».T.in      ■ 

J.  K.^19.  MJ03. 

Trtiliill,  M.  218 

416,  5S2 

WalU,  M,  M,  196        ■ 

335.     S.   W.  86. 

Tonlm«ii,  S.  3^9 

Va'e.  M.  A.  195 

Walmi^lev,  R.  107       ■ 

W,  106 

Tower.L»<lvS.4l6. 

ValiiiiK,  T.  64^ 

Watin«ley,  M.  309        ■ 

7>ai|>i>v,  Mfi€|  1^5. 

H.  J.  il,  307 

V«lj»y,  R.  646 

VValpule,  L^dy  IO9.      1 

R.  417 

Ti»Wff*»o«U  Mm.  529 

Vance^J.  G.  193 

H.  M.  M.  109           I 

Templer,  F.  B.  86. 

Town  ley,  R.  416 

Van  Ci»riUiidi,  H, 

VValMngbatD,   Ladj    ■ 

G.  106 

Tawnitfi'i,  S.  87 

C.  415 

663                            ■ 

700 

Walcer»    Mrs.   86. 

A.  440,  644.     C. 

M.217.     L.  108. 

W.  661 
Wall  her,  F.  E.  195 
Walton,  J.  555 

Ward,  Hon.  II.  D. 
86.  A.  L.  87,646. 

E.  87.      F.  646. 

F.  R.  196,  309. 
H.  445,643.  M. 
86,  1 10,  445.  R. 
O.  559.  S.  219. 
W.  555 

Warde,  C.  445 
WATdlr,  E.  £.  330 
Ware, H. 550.  R.441 
Wariii;r,  J.  F.  666 
Warner,  R.  444.  T. 

555 
Warren,  CM.  418. 

J.    L.   645.     W. 

Warloii,  C.  194 
WMry,W.G.L.645 
Watde.A.  U     95 
WAtkins,A.333.  F. 

598,  663 
Wamey,  A.  646 
Wattoii,    A.     557. 

C.  339.     E.  196. 

G.  659.    H.  309 
Waiii,  J.  22tf.      L. 

D.  5.'iO.     R.  55«. 
Wav,  A.  646.     Sir 

(S.  II.  n.  415 
Waylen,  C.  88 
Wrale,  U.  1).  C(J4. 

J.  64.1 
Wmvvr,  (•.  S.  110. 

M.  556 
Wrhh,    J,   II.    IfM. 

K.  6(jM.     T.  VVO. 

T.  W.AVfi.  W.M9 
W«ili»lrr,    A.    6HH. 

H.  I).  (J46.  J.  4.19 

Wl»ll||«(r«HHl,  J.  ASA 

W»Ulii,  J.  A.  447 
WrlUr,  lUr.  Ur  H7 
V^^H*l-m  J,  iAU4 
W«1lf.r,i;,;ii7,j  ^^, 

WpUa,UMly(jtia.  c 

S.W.662         **• 
W*^lpeft,  W.  557 
WeUford,  E.  W   C 

Ip6,309 
y^»^h,G.M.2|9 


IiuUs  io  Names. 


««>>»»,  5^8 


West,  C.  M.  332. 

Lady  E.  S.  309. 

H.  P.  87.  T.  646 
Wettmacotf,H.644 
Westmorland,  416 
Weaion,   Cd.  108. 

332.  E.  330,  530. 

M.  E.  194 
Wettrupp,  T.  213 
Wlmllry,  Mn.  331 
WbartJii,  G«  :J33 
Wberldui>,  J  tiii 
Wbreler.f*   D.  193. 

M.A.  417.T.417 
Wliidborne,  J.  530 
Whisb,  J.  B.  442 
White,   Mrf.     194. 

Lt..Cul.  44^.   C. 

551.      C.  S.  531. 

E.   G.  531,  644. 

E.T.  310.    E.  Y. 

645.  A.  661,664. 

H.J.  642.  J.  86. 

J.W.  y.  89.     R. 

217,329,643.  W. 

417.  W.J.  664 
Whitehead,  W.  87 
Whitehouic,  S.  667 
Wiiiu-iuck^t:ap.4ia 

Wbitpman.J.C.  643 
Wbiifield,  L.  418 
Whiting,    A.     331. 

S.  551 
Wbiitbed,  SirJ.193 
Wbittem,  Mrt.  557 
Wbittuck,M.J.554 
Wbttwurtb,  E.667. 

W.  557 
Wbyie,  B.  H.  530. 

C.  M.  87 
Wicken,  C.  443 
Wixan,  H.  666 
W.M.  E.  217 
Wiiifru,  F.  R,  195 
^ViKUMi*^  r,  418 
Wi|tbiiti*»iS.E,33l 
Wi^niiii,  644,  J 18 

Wilbr«hiin>,U.307. 

K.  1U3 
Wild,  Mr.  643.   M. 

646 
Wilder,  W.  558 
Wildey,  M.  A.  86 
Wil|;rt>&s,  J.  107 
Wilkc«,  J.  220 
Wilkinson,  A.  66f . 

•'.646,667.     M. 

3J1    P.8T     S.219 
Willau,  J   H.:iJ0 
Williams,  A.M.  442, 

668.   D.  215.    C. 


310.     C.  A.  416. 

D.  216.  E.  215, 
441,531.  E.  S. 
221.  F.  106.  G. 
331.  H.  109,221. 
J.  193,  194.  R. 
193.  S.2I9.S.H. 
108.  S.J.  195.  T. 

308.  W.  86 
Williamson,  R.  308 
Willis,  A.  667.    W. 

A.  528 
Willroott,  T.  196 
Williiu*;hby,  M.  A. 

em.  JM,M.  :,30 

Wilton,  A.  309.    C. 

309.  D.  88.  D. 
T.  H.529.  E.87, 
88,  108.  H.  417. 
J.  195,667,  668. 
M.  309,  445,668. 
M.  A.  417.  M.  F. 
644.  T.  646.  W. 
D. 644.  W.J. 214 

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Winstxiiltfv,  J.  214 
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Winthrop,  M.  330 
Win  wood,  S.  89 
Wise,   M.   L.   667. 

Mrs.  106 
Wisbart,M.M.  110 
Witbam,  H.  307.R. 

645 
Wodebouse,  A.  193 
WiKlswortb,  C.  660 
Wolfe.  J.  85 
Wo  If  erst  an,  A.  646 
Wollanton,  A.  663. 

C.  530 
Wolleii,  W.  550 
Wolley.  F.  E.  665 
WoUenbeck,J.L.87 
Wood,   C.   A.     85. 

C.F.  11.195.308. 

E.  195.  H.M.G. 
334.  U.  R.  669, 
J. 106.  J.B.  445. 
J.  H.  528.  J.  If. 
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A.  531.  M.F.88. 
R.  A.  U  H.  529. 
P.  O.  L.308.   R. 

B.  643.  T.  86. 
W.  C.  644 

Woodcock,  G.  660 
Wuodil,  Mrs.  416 


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H.  663 
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Worslev,   Mrs.  86. 

A.  645.     H.  662. 

S.  108 
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Woulds,  M.  J.  531 
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C.  445.     E.  530. 

G.646.  J.A.663. 

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S.  F.  444.  T.642. 

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Wyatt,  H.M.444 
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W>kes,  E.  220 
Wylde,  C.  H.  418 
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H.  P.  528 
Wvndowf,  M.  554 
Wynn.  Sir  W.  415 
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ll.  663 
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Wyiiyard,  G.  J.  307 
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Yates,  C.  559.     H. 

221.  W.  A.  642 
Yea,  J.  E.  645 
Ytfatberd,  J.  106 
Ycwens  W.  105 
Yulland.  J.  659 
Yurke,  J.  307 
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193.     S.  A.  310. 

T.  642 
Yule,H.4l6.  R.309 
ZiMltwiiz,  B.  de,  89 
Zublcke,  G.  H.  643 


END  OF  VOL.  XXI. 

^ndou :  J.  B.  Nichols  and  Son,  Printers,  25,  Parliament  Street. 


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