is on this edition for saturday november 2nd, following yesterday's shooting in los angeles, eem examine what it will take to secure the nations airports. in our signature segment assuming generic drugs mean inexpensive, could cost you big time. >> the gentleman looked it up, a price of around $400 after he looked it up. i said to him, can't be. you must be looking at the brand name drug. it can't be that expensive. and the global gender gap. where the u.s. ranks. >> the u.s. doesn't fare very

well compared to the very rich countries, and in some countries, many poorer countries do better than we do. next on "pbs newshour weekend." "pbs newshour weekend" is made possible by -- . that's why we are your retirement company. additional support is provided by -- and by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. from the tisch studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan.

>> good evening, thanks for joining us. new cancellations at los angeles international airport day after the fatal shooting of an unarmed airport security officer. some passengers who fled the scene in panic were allowed to return to collect belongings today. an fbi investigation into the incident is under way. the alleged shooter who was wounded in an exchange with authorities was identified as a 23-year-old new jersey man living in los angeles. hours before the incident his family said he sent a text noefg one of his brothers suggesting he was suicidal. the tsa officer was identified at 39-year-old has regard oh hernandez. a new warning about the effect of climate change. a league dravt of the united nations report warns that rising temperature koss produce crop production leading to higher food prices. scientists say sensitive to heat waves to lead to a decrease of food by up to 2% per decade while the demand for food is expected to rise by 14% as the global population grows.

from pakistan tonight, word the pakistani lead hear been buried killed yesterday. mehsud was believed responsible for a suicide bombing in late 2009. the pakistani government denounced the drone attack saying it was meant to derail peace talk between the pakistani government and the taliban. the taliban vowed revenge. from asia, reports that high-level russian and japanese officials agreed to strengthen security tyies. the two countries are planning anti-piracy exercises. the agreements interpreted as an effort to curb china's growing influence in the reerchen. japan's foreign minister offered assurances that the united states remains what he called the cornerstone of japan's foreign policy. in the middle east, a leading egyptian satirist and television soviet to america's jon stewart yanked off the air.

yousaf made fun of the leader. a huge cake adorned were the the image of the army chief. tunisia barred from the davis cup. the international tins federation imposed the punishment after tunisian player was ordered not to play against another player. there is no room for prejudice in the sport. and designated newborn to either male or female. that section of the birth certificate can be left blank. the idea, decide what to dop if the child is born with both male and female sex characteristics. estimates say that occurs in as many as 1 in 2,000 births. m for male, f for female or x, , for those calling themselves intersex.

and now back to that attack at l.a.x. yesterday. for more about its possible repurchase cushions joined from washington by rafi rhan, security expert and the former director of security a benghazi in tel aviv. the first thing most of asking this morning, what did we miss? how could we have stopped this? >> well, i think that for the last 12 years we have focused tremendously on the security of the aircraft or the flight and we paid relatively little attention to the security of the airport facility. we obviously, we seem to have forgotten about some of the experience that the european airports have suffered way back at the peak of attacks against aviation in europe, way back in the '70s and '80s, where most of the major airports in europe, including paris, munich, zurich and others, where they attack e

on the ground leaving many casualties behind. >> many are considering arms the tsa. good idea? bad idea? >> no. i think it's a bad idea, actually. we need to keep in mind we're looking at about over 50,000 screeners that were not selected on the basis of their ability to carry a weapon, and if a weapon would have to be used, it would have to be used under very extreme conditions, in an extremely crowded area, where the carrying the weapon -- the weapon user could cause more damage sometimes than help, and that requires basic prerequis e prerequisites and good training and a dedicated person to be able to do that. so the idea of now trying to change the nature of tsa screeners from people that watch for behavior and watch screens to people that are using weapons in fighting the terrorists or

the other people that are using the weapon, is not a good idea. >> all right. so should we possibly move the screening process outside the airport? you've had experience in israel. they check every car. i know it would be inconvenient, but is that a solution? >> well, of course, it is inconvenient, and i don't think that the israeli moetd de is ri for the american. i don't think the threat is similar to the one in israel and requires the same, the i would say far-reaching solutions. but, at the same time, we cannot neglect all this area. the public area of the airport. whether it is on the curb side and the public lobbies, and the public side of the checkpoint, because this is the area where things can happen, and it's happening quite a few airports lately, just to remind you that a couple of years ago, suicide

terrorists walked into moscow airport and blew himself up killing a large number of people. the american military personal ne personnel shot an the frankfort airport on the curb side. it happens frequently and we need to prepare for this. >> rafi, thanks so much. >> thank you. >> joining us from washington. and now to our signature segment "in-depth" reports from around the nation and around the world. genetic drugs account for some 80% of all prescription ill ifaled in the united states. that saves consumers and the health care system billions of dollars a year. but for those who were uninsured or who have poor drug coverage, it turns out genetic does not always mean inexpensive. retail prices for some generics can vary wildly, from one

pharmacy to the next. it's a story that for correspondent megan thompson is very personal. >> reporter: carol thompson in minnesota was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2009. for part of the year, she paid more than $400 a month out of pocket for her brand name drug, because of her insurance plan's high detectable. a couple years later, after the drug called letrozol went genetic, the price dropped dramatically, to around $10 at her local costco. always looking for a better deal she decided to ask another big chain about its retail price. >> the gentleman looked it up and he came back to me with a price of around $400. and i said to him, oh, can't be. you must be looking at the brand name drug. it can't be that expensive. >> reporter: but there was no mistake. one store quote add price 40 times more than the other. how could that be? especially when gentlemeric dru

are thought to be more inexpensive. >> i was shocked. confused. what am i missing? this isn't compute. >> reporter: she never been an activist fell compelled to try to figure this out. >> i started and my own to phone other pharmacies in the twin cities here. >> reporter: last june, she made another round of calls like she did more than a year prior. and what she found was that nothing had changed. wildly varying prices for her generic breast cancer drug. >> hi. i'm like to find out what the retrail price is for the 30-day supply of the genetic drug called letrozol. >> $11.45. >> $29.88. >> $364.99. >> ooh. i didn't realize it was that much. $435? >> $455. >> it didn't seem fair and it seems to me especially egregious, when it involved a life-saving cancer drug. it just upset me.

>> reporter: her discovery wasn't just alarming for her. it was very personal for me. because carol thompson is my mom. we used her story, because what we thought might just be a fluke turned out to be part of a much larger floob fproblem that few aware of. retail prices not just for my maughmer drug but many generics, too. >> what we found was absolute lit shocking. >> the ed tr for prescription drug coverage at "consumer reports" last spring led a survey of more than 200 pharmacies around the country asking retail price of blockbuster drugs that had recently gone generic. the court of a month of plavix ranged from $15 at costco and $12 at an online store to up to 10 to 15 times higher at cvs.

prices ranged froms 15ds to $17 unto nine times more at the other national chains. >> unprecedented for us's we had never found this kind of variation in a drug pricing study before. >> reporter: she says while many stores offer older, more common genetic drugs for a few dollars, it's the prices for newer genetics that vary so much, and they discovered something else in their survey that surprised them. >> you actually can't get the lowest price until you ask. >> can you do any better on the proo is? >> yeah. we certainly do price matches. >> reporter: indeed, after my mom tried that strategy, target, which had one of the highest prices of $455, said it would match the price at other pharmacies. >> we would just need the other pharmacy's information so we can contact them to verify the price. >> okay. good. >> reporter: and remember, others quoted the drug for as little as $11. >> so you're saying customers essentially have to walk into a pharmacy and barter with their pharmacist? >> right. worse than buying a car.

at least there's a sticker on the window where you know there's a price you're going to try to work down from. in this case, you don't have anything. >> reporter: she says it's rare for someone to think of calling around like my mom did. since most consumers had no idea prices can vary so much. that can lead to the uninsured overpaying by hundreds of dollars or skipping medications altogether. >> and she told me the price. i was like, i can't get it. you know? put it back on the shelf. >> reporter: in 2008, lisa duncan moved from indiana, home to minnesota, to be near her aging father, but she had no job and no insurance to pay for the insurance to treat her bipolar disorder. she'd attempted suicide twice before doctors in indiana found the right mix of medications to stabilize her. she had paid a low insurance co-pay for one of her generics called lamotragene, but now her local big name chain in minnesota quoteed her an out of pocket price of more than $100 for a month's supply pap price a

single mother of four could not afford. >> very scary. i thought i don't want to go back to the way i was, but i can't afford it. i don't have the money. you know? regard farm 1i69 as a community clinic for low-income patients in minneapolis suggested she try costco. duncan said it quoted her a price of around $15 for the one month supply. >> are you looking at the right medication? because that's just, sounded off the wall. and she said, oh, yeah. you know. >> phone calls for pricing and the same person will call back within minutes thinking that there's been an error. in the pricing, because they've been quoted such high prices elsewhere. >> reporter: jesse is a pharmacist at costco. it turns out the low-cost chain allows non-members to use its pharmacies, which consistently have the lowest prices on generic drugs. he says unlike other chain,

costco prices drugs adding a small markup to the wholesale price it pays like every other product on its shelves. he's worked at other chains which he says take a different approach. >> a lot of times what other chains will do, take a price for the brand medication and just decrease that by a certain percentage and give that as their price for the generic. >> reporter: costco wouldn't tell us the wholesale price it paid for my mom's cancer drug. >> when would you need those? >> reporter: another pharmacist told us what he paid. this man owns snyder drugs one of a few small independently owned farm sis left in the twin cities. those smaller independence all quoted my mom some of the lowest prices for her breast cancer genetic. something that surprises her. >> no intuitive, really, that a corner drug store, and independent, small independent retailer, would have some of the best prices. >> reporter: at many large chains, prices are set at the corporate level, according to representatives we spoke to. >> $14.

>> reporter: but he decides on his own what to charge. $14 for my mom's drug. he just adds a small markup to the wholesale price he can buy it for, anywhere from around $7 to $28. >> also my pricing is based on the person i'm talking to, because if they need something, this is my responsibility to provide that to them. i'm not losing any money. >> reporter: he guesses that big chains, which buy in larger volume, can probably get even better wholesale prices than he can and he bristles when he hears some quoted my mom a price more than $400 whn he's charging just $14. >> how could you justify that? if you are in more rate, you don't need to make money like that. we have to ask, what it's happening? this is the more's compass. >> reporter: we asked the national association of chain drug stores for an interview but the group declined saying it couldn't comment on the pricing practices of its members. but in a statement e-mailed to

the "newshour," the group said instances of customers paying the full retail price for a drug u.s. yaoing no insurance accounts for only 8.5% of prescriptions dispensed by pharmacies nationwide. and there are many factors involved in product pricing. costs of the exact time when the drugs were purchased from the supplier. the laws of supply and demand and some of the components that determine drug prices. we also asked target why it would charge $455 for my mom's cancer drug. if it would apparently be willing to match the much lower price of $11. in an e-mailed statement, target didn't answer the question directly. only saying factors that impact prices include, a guest insurance plan, price changes from manufacturers and the guest deductible's in response to the "consumer reports" survey last spring, cvs said in a statement,

random price check of only five drugs is too small to draw meaningful conclusions about when pharmacies offer the best overall value for customers. so if the face of all this, how can consumers find the best prices for generic drupgs? no federal agency keeps track of all the retail prices and state resources are limited. so others stepped in. new websites to help consumers compare drug prices launched including good rx, foe counseleded by doug hur heirsch. he came up with his own plan after he found wildly different prices for his generic drug. >> this is inefficient. i jews orbitz for looking at allianz. why is it so difficult to know the cost of their prescription drug? >> reporter: they aggregate billions from pharmacies across the united states and matches them with discounts, coupons klugs and other plans that hirsch says many consumers don't know about. >> there are all sorts of different discounts. this is an online pharmacy.

this is a coupon price at kmart. >> reporter: it launched last year and information in demand. he says the website gets almost a million visits a month. it's the type of information my mom, who today has medicare and low deductible for prescriptions hopes people will pay attention to. >> i would say, let the buyer beware. shop around. be thorough. do your homework. . see how much the price of a generic drug can vary in just one city. visit "newshour."cbs.org. the world economic forum published a report recently that said the united states finishes far from the top of the list when it comes to gender equality. according to the report, women fared best in iceland, finland, norway and sweden. american women finished 23rd on list of 136 countries. for more perspective, earlier i spoke with kathleen gerson, a sociology professor at new york

university and the author of a book about gender and family titled "the unfinished revolution." so what is it about the scandinavian model? whenny a rattled off list of top four, iceland, finland, norway, sweden, what's working there? what can we learn? >> a think the nordic mold, as it's called, figured out there are two important ingredients to creating gender equality. which, by the way, actually produces greater economic stability and greater overall social health. and those two ingredients are on the one hand notions of equal opportunity and the economy, and at work, and which americans would find very little fault with. but the other side of that equation is, they've also supported notions of family support policies. that they want all their families to be healthy, to be economically secure, and to have as many earners as possible and as many caretakers as possible.

so that means, not only that they have incorporated women into the workforce, they've incorporated men into the home. they have very strong policies that bring men in as fathers, and finally, they've accepted and in fact, embraced the notion that families are part of larger communities, and good child care makes it possible for women and men to gain more equality in their lives. >> and educational attainment, we are tied for first with about 24 our countries. >> exactly. >> but when it comes to health and survival, the speck measure of healthy life expectancy, we're 53rd. much lower than one would think living in the u.s.? >> very counter intuitive since we talk all the time about our high life expectancy. especially for women. the lesson, we are quite obviously one of the few, the only industrial wealthy country in the world that doesn't have a national health system, and i think that is showing up in

these sticks nap we like to think of ourselves as being one of the healthiest countries on earth, but, in fact, when you put it all together, people at the top may be doing well, but we're not as a country doing that well compared to other societies. >> another one of the categories that measure is economic participation and opportunity. we ranked sixth overall we we have leadership positions filled by women, but ranked 67th when it came to fwhach equality. that's a conversation that's been happening in the u.s. for a long time. >> and there was a moment in time when we focused on affirmative action, getting women into the workplace, but we didn't focus as much on what happened to them once they got there. so, yes. we've had some examples of women breaking through the glass cheeing-ochee i ceiling, but in many top professions, a resegregation. even in those professions, men tend to be doing better than women in the more highly paid

positions. >> all right. from nyu, thanks so much. >> my pleasure. this is "pbs newshour weekend" saturday. for years now you probably thought you knew exactly what as on your dog's mind looking to see if it was wagging its tail. new research indicates that tell tale sign is a tall tale. there's much more to it. from itv, the report. >> reporter: we know lulu's happy, her tail is wagging but she's letting mikey no easy she happy by wagging her tail to the right. at wag to the left signifies anxiety. new research indicates wagging reflects what is happening in the dog's brain. that study involved using a video of a dog with an obvious wag to the right and to the left. the animal was silhouetted, as 43 other dogs were shown the

video. their heart rates monte eed monitored. when wagged to the right, viewing dog relaxed. when the dog went to his left, the watching canine's heart rate increased, hair on end and he was stressed. >> this research is something of a breakthrough, because it tells us a lot more about how dogs communicate with one another. most of the previous research has been on how dogs communicate with us and how much of our body language dogs understand. but we're now seeing a lot more interesting, how dogs read one another's body language. >> reporter: at the dog home today, the research was welcomed by those training the animals to better interact with each other. >> taking into account all the dogs body language assessing them and looks at them. i never considered it to be that detailed. that's something we're definitely going to use in the future to try to figure out what's going on inside their heads, really. >> reporter: pet owners watching the wagging with extra freft now

on. for itv news. join us tomorrow on-air and online. we report from pennsylvania on an unusual coalition between environmentists and energy companies. >> this idea of creating an environment where you can have a rational conversation with people, and look at the facts, think about how collectively we can raise the performance bar. >> and just a reminder to join us on facebook where this week we're looking for pictures of street art in your neighborhood. that's it for this edition of "pbs newshour weekend." i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching. -- captions by vitac -- www.vitac.com

"pbs newshour weekend" is made possible dby -- corporate funding provided by -- additional support provided by -- and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.