go on the 10th of may 1933 terms. students threw tens of thousands of books into a huge on fire right here, where i'm standing in the center fill in in the next few hours. and that was just the beginning from hitler's rise to power to the hollow coast. and finally the destruction of central europe and the 2nd world war. in this video, we will find out why the nazis and others for an folks. and we will show how the nazi vote for any pace to wait for the killing of millions of people. the

joseph douglas, hitler's minister for propaganda spoke of the debris of the past that had to be what did you mean by that? that's settled back to germany during the 1920 in the golden twenty's building was the 3rd largest city in the world and may be the most exciting cultural metropolis. the german film industry was driving in 1927 foot length movie metropolis storm. the fox surfaces, in 1928 the 12 brake, 3 penny oprah thought at its success story that would spread around the world. and in 1929 eric maria remarks the best seller, or why it's on the west and from it would become one of the most successful jo and books women swells were also changing. in the weimer republic, the 1st term and democracy,

the women were allowed to vote and to choose their own profession. and something were extremely successful. like him got colin as the scott, sheila, and vicky bones all the same as riotous and building. female writers also were taking part in the minds of the rama republic they have the same discussions on the important issues of the time on the idea of a new liberal society like vi did not proceed in the weimar republic was not only kind of a political movement but also we can see that in the different fields of arts, especially in writing, they weren't starting to find new ways to express ideas, but also to yeah, to experiment with different styles. but there was a dark side to the why my way public us. well,

the democratic system was not stable. people felt cheated by the peace treaty after the 1st world war, but include a tire reservation payments for germany. all street crash off 1929, likewise hit the gentleman's heart. in 1942, nearly 6000000 to them and square unemployed. nazis and communists were fighting in the streets of phil in. it was the democracy, yet with a fatal lack of democrats. all of this match to hitler's rise to power the in january 1933, hitler became german chancellor. but the nazi who was also not stable, the knots immediately started to get rid of their enemies of

the know we are going to visit a very unique he is in the center, full, persecuted, arts and zoning and the west of too many. it focuses exclusively on artist who has been victims of terra and violence. here we're going to find out whose books have been burned and what happened to the office, the museum director. you can come cutter and to write her a bill to such a. going to introduce as to artist silver hate to by the nazis. the vistacomm cuts out here in the center for persecuted. ards that route displayed many, many also super abandoned to many during the nazi periods. could you just give us an overview? who was, who, who were the artists were not well come and do many anymore. or

artist who were not in the so called fox command shaft. so everybody who has not seen nancy opinion was not accepted from the nazis. they declared who is in and who's out out where absolutely all the jews, the phones of come in. this was a living room on the social democrats and all the people who were not common was not c sinking. also slack against the law had to flee immediately. lens and nazis and came into power at the end of january 90 searching 3. he escaped in the night from his sled denazi's side we have to find and the total cost is so against the nazis. so we have to, we have to catch him. he was a no, that's a liberal call me on this or left wing social democrats. and he wants to do. and he

wants a personal enemy in his play will town on change from 1923 told i had really killed hit to the rest of pied piper. and one of the dangerous a fried wing radicals. because today in government, every citizen must think only of the nazi leader dictates every book, not in line with nazi back from the works of liberal thinkers. the writings of all jews are, sees, been firm so thoroughly organized as not through domination of the individual. but there is not a single done on the home of escape for video, the in upper a village in everett town and city storm appropriate from booth headquarters. the local party leader director, whose district campaign a box victim for persecuting this film, created for us audience reenacted the terrible events that took place in germany in

the spring of 1973. the next one to work as an artist, as an awful solution to assessor musician r. s. and an extra you have to be member of. suffice. good to come. the nazis nice clue to a come up told all of cultural life and nazi germany. the nazis decided to is, is that ice come on, come on, what's not in the device split to a couple? if you're not into that ice control come out, you were not to allow the to work officially in to dodge size. as an artist, the cultural elite of the why more republic was out. so you could not publish, you could not go into a stage on a theater. you cannot walk in the movie. you could not be ex image and then use the m. r in a gallery or something, us the

in the showcase this works and duction mental select listed writers. a display in may 1933 more than 200 also is were on blacklist and find 1934. the black list included more than 3500 works. the nazis tried to erase the memory of a whole generation of german rights. and among them were many women who had just started to gain political equality and career opportunities. now the tide had turned. what was the, i do women in the eyes of denazi's, mother and mother to many, many children and then was it so women have to be supportive of demand. and the idea of the rights, which was yeah, spreading german children all over

a big in germany and women like as an escal. charlotte did not at all fit in that but no of course not as an escal. shuler was the gym and jewish poets in play, right? a leading seam and artist of german expressionists and a definitely personality. she was divorced twice she had a son, was not born in one of her marriages, but she was very individualistic. she was very independent and, and of course she took her agency, she took the room, she really stressed the ideas of yeah, the liberty of, of empowerment. but also she was, was kind of a queer artist. even though she was like, she was not a queer person, but she was performing gender and she was courageous in a place she let extra say these proof tragic signs. the

counselors, many, many of those programs and they canceled her, her play out with all the most. so that was in march 1933. and she had to escape because she was attacked by members of the us in the streets in berlin. what happened to is alaska, sheila, after she had to leave germany, she 1st went in switzerland and from then she travels a bit and then she came to palestine. and in 1945, she died in jerusalem and toner, hips, as personal enemies lived as an exxon in the united states. and 1939. he was bankrupt and depressed. he carried all the time of presuming the suitcase. and this was a moment when you decide that this is my last a possibility to be free to make the decision to go out of this size. and this

is a disaster ending, but this is the ending of ends total and it fits completely to us to this red color . and consequently, he was one of many persecuted artists who committed suicide or were killed like right to call for lost yet or died. and not see arrest or eric lose. um, who was killed in a concentration come. what was happening in germany was no secret on may 10th, 1943 more than 100000 people protested in u. s. cities against hitler. american books, by the way, web burned on this day to like works by optim, saint clair and ernest hemingway a us national icon reacted as well. the deaf blind while i to helen keller, she wrote an open letter to the nazi organize us of the book. earnings sayings, history has taught you nothing. if you think you can kill ideas. tyrants have tried

to do that also before. and the ideas have risen up in their minds and destroyed them. actually being born under not see who she might not even have survive childhood. denazi's racial hygiene program was responsible for killing hundreds of thousands of disabled persons. good. ready ready ready finish this chain book shelves are located on the ground. they controlled around 20000 folks about as many as the nazis frontier in 1933. today this empty library as a memorial site, created by is really artist tanisha omen. books are incredibly powerful. every also retiree and redeemed fears them. and no story proves that better than this one. have any of you guys ever seen one of these bad things for real?

we burned almost every physical book in the country. some of the time you guys grow up there won't be one book. bird ray bradbury wrote that is toki and novel in 1953 inspired just by the not see the best this past mr. trust. you're an expert on the subject of the book, turning things is why did the nazis actually burn books? they could have just found them to tighten by that they did both of them. but i know that's when the book burning took place here in berlin and many other places in germany. the book bands had already begun. some things i knew that these are the herds of libraries had begun in february, march 19, 33, and 11 voted here in berlin. an indexing committee was set up under the leadership of both cunningham. i'm going to search the catalogues for so called style literature and you'll find that and that's what that's about and what was the meaning of the fire as it as for yeah, it's yeah, fire is traditionally

a simple that stands not only for destruction, but also in a certain way for read you of a nation on can you give us otherwise? i'll see if i can. the national socialists also worked with this symbolism and this metaphor, i'm the not to neither. 10 is not the opposite. the orchestration of the book burnings in 1933 is reminiscent of religious ceremonies, typical of nazi events. on the lot german radio listeners could follow the report life. the radio was one of

the most important propaganda tools of the nazi regime and propaganda was used to both intimidate and entertain. with one goal in mind, total control, one of the people what type of art and literature was permitted was decided by the so called dwight ministry of public, enlightenment and propaganda headed by joseph's, gobbles pitiless closest collide. i will have papa. goodness, so propaganda minister, joseph, governess. oh, that's a book burnings 9. as it does come on. no, that was done on the part of the german student unions initiative in modeling, the anti jewish boy caught in 1933. when i'm they drew up a plan that they wanted to tie in directly with this action of the boy caught up the jews and up to the set up their own campaign which was called action against the and german spirit that started on april 13th with the dissemination of the poster against the and german spirit. he owned a set cost with $12.00, the police,

anti semitic dfcs, and so keeps on giving me different colorado then applicable to on the what do students today think about that? dylan davis studies lloyd buildings, homebound university, which is located right on the sides of the book burnings. i knew about the book bindings. i was, i think, every one of his studies at the german high school. so i'm not aware of what happened. but, but when i started studying here, it took about 2 or 3 weeks until i actually realized this is why books provide literature office fund. so that was a fast, a kind of, uh, shopping experience. we con, forgotten about the book bindings. why not random events, sconces by the nazis? they were organized by students of the faculty of law. they were

supported by professors of this faculty. and that part of history is not being addressed within building on the location of the ninety's and reverse 3 of the book burnings. dylan and others want to make this small visible. they are putting together a special exhibition with biographies of people who were forced to leave the university. i think for me it was touching to see the power of his of women because they could just start to um, to work as a lawyer in the 19 twenty's 22. and just like after 10 years or something it was over. i can see that you all of the remove of the topics. do you probably have any family background like a jewish ancestors who had to leave universities? i think for me is the other way around. so i know that 2 of at least 2 of my great

grandfather select nazis. i have been in the ss, and i think i saw the fest have that this past encourage me to reflect and not sit around and try to remember those that have been prosecute and then to couldn't get on with that live soft of us just like my great grandparents grand margaret grandfather did so for me it was from a, a background was a motivation to get into the topic. but just the other way around in the city of cologne, in the west of to many, some of the young people are researching, not see victims to this this, the headquarters of the cologne fall, atkins, but not the football team. falcons. the falcons are a tillman socialist youth organization, with a history of more than a century. during the nazi regime, the follicles have been prohibited and persecuted. some fall can members are going

to tell us more about it. and about their project on book burnings, the little inch spot money is 20 years old, and belongs to a project group that is preparing a remembrance event in cologne. which with this project is that we remember our says, our past and the, the statues of our organization, but also to tell the story about a fight against terrorism. and but also a culture of ecto switched with you that was destroyed like in addition to jews, socialists and communists were the main enemies of the nazis. many of them had to flee to many were breasted, or even killed several. and can you tell me a little bit about the codes that you're planning on the book? read like to perform

a combination of reading texts, all the comforts of this time and the treating the reading of the text. we sing songs that are important for the fine. 1934 more than 3500 books were on the nazis blacklist. many, persecuted, also as had already left germany. i'm calling because i'm like, what was it like an everyday life is the people who reads the black list of books and the way what stimulus and provide provide in the private arena. these books were still found on people shelves, but of course, paperwork cautious when visitors came calling on the p lot. they preferred to hide

them away, but people continue to read them privately. can people take and public libraries they've disappeared completely assisting. that's one either to listen to him do with indexing and blacklist laughed and the nazi succeeded in making these books no longer accessible or available in bookstores underneath quite a bit. so they actually succeeded in making a large part of these authors date into oblivion. i think as i said, if i guess i'm i'm, i'm fine. so that's in the snack month. on the ad, for example, then the famous us good evening whose books were also burned here. i fit to be in the sun. he returned from exile after 1945, but never reconnected at a key at the knock noticed that someone else looked. osborne em god coin withdrew successful novel, the artificial silk girl, fox, vermont. she lived in germany after 1945 and so as an impoverished officer, and continued to publish a book. as i know of tom's that they weren't in demanded any more left to advise that because these authors had become largely

a marginal or the divide in like united the best to be able to visit. then what has happened to the nazi both for an x had not occurred even though vince did not so nice. and so if it had not been for national socialist game had, if it had not been for the burning of books, the cultural diversity and innovated spirit of germany in the 1920s would certainly have continued in thoughts on end because had to bite the flock visits them on look to the united states, i saw the hollywood to the actors and directors who worked their house field quits long. for example, an immigrant from germany on slips long by 65. i'm in the front of flesh last night or in science in albert einstein who went into exxon about i'm our social scientists like to do, i don't know. also left the united states, so detailed was on or him off in the fine. you can start, like you were american universities and american cultural institutions, or the influx of immigrants from germany was a huge benefit. that's what else on that end because that's what they are still reaping these benefits. and i would say that we have not yet recovered from that

loss and what it meant for germany, i'm doing a, beside to mr. who would you almost tied on you said what took it in place. it's a lot to flood and soil literature, high modern literature and that soon and of course the national socialist kitch, completely boring stuff, and people didn't actually read it the whole month versus a glance of when, when i'm in the medicine where they burn books, they will ultimately burn human beings as well. and that's what the words on this memorial plaque say. what's penned by henry, kind of a gentleman, choose poet of the 19th century of cause. the nazis burnt his books to north side by end of 1933. the nazis burned books in 1938, the synagogues were burned. and in $194243.00 during the show of to get the genocide of the european jewish people were burned a month and then i will pay some you wouldn't find, mention the nazis

did not invent book burnings over the course of christianity. those books and people that were burned and she laid books burned after puts in 1973 and in 2022 and the us books were also burned away. when you hear about the book burnings in tennessee, in 2022. a password for the entire reporter and twilight volumes. why that some of the discussions about banning books from school libraries in florida. what do you think them to taking and sorry to go to like i would not compare such individual actions with a historical context of major book burnings, and how many a here on may 10th alone books were burned in 22 places in germany, upon these actions of which you speak, there was also a burning of the koran in sweden by right wing extremists that all could, which of course should be condemned reading. these are actions by individuals or

groups extend this thing, but they are not actions backed by public authorities. and board police agency was at least for feeding back and providing the offering police highest in tech sentence using something like that could happen in too many to when we are not fighting for our let's say our values in every place. then in total run a demo credit read because came into power is clear, it could happen on every place also, or also in germany. what can each and every one of us do to prevent that standard? and yes, say something, have the courage to say something the

how many of you speak more than 2 languages? at least 2 or more languages. we used to be taught to speak english. why we, we can from becky ground of speaking is why he, we have to embrace and why he, what do you do you lose you? i just simply by learning a level language. when i speak english, i said they can do this. pressing the 77 percent on d. w. curious

well, most successful car into into taking himself to seriously makes the australian male domination. in 60 minutes on d w. b condra the line between the spacings because i don't believe that spaces is i'm all really relevant cards here in any more than i believe that rice or sex is on frontier in. 2 2 2 2 we humans are close to a chimpanzee in santa chimpanzee is even to a dog. but duck here, series about our complex relationship with animals. watch now on youtube, d. w documentary. those to know,

understand can have a site like provide to present. do you have any news on instagram and follow up this week on the 77 percent street debate. we used to be forced to speak english. why we we can from becky ground of speaking. so here we have been raised and in, so i really what do you do you lose? your identity is simply by learning another language. when i speak english at church street, mckinsey, which means i have to leave just behind my family to, to, to, to do not get new phones with the 5.