most important translation award from an into the outer big language world wide shade come out. award for translation and international understanding of dumps is the opening of the nomination period for the year 2024 starting march 1st to may. 30 fast nominations are made on the award official website, w, w, w dot h t a dot q a forward slash e m. how can we reduce food and security? a report by 16 agencies, fines the lives of nearly 300000000 people globally are in danger. and that's for the conflict rather than climate change is the biggest cause has enough been done to address the crisis. this is inside store the

hello and welcome to the program. i'm how much i'm sure hunger around the world has reached alarming levels. that's according to a new report on global food and security for the 5th year. acute food and security has increased impacting hundreds of millions of people, and it's posing a major challenge to the united nations goal of ending hunger by 2030. the agencies that monitor food and security say not only climate change, but the rapid spread of conflict is causing widespread hunger. a multi agency report shows that last year, nearly 282000000 people's lives were in danger because they didn't have enough to eat. 700000 people were on the brink of famine. almost all of them in gaza districts entire population is classified as food and secure, meaning they regularly don't have enough to eat. in the democratic republic of congo has the most food insecure people. nearly 26000000 in sedan year of conflict has left more than 20000000, facing a hungry crisis. and a surgeon game violence in haiti has left half the population without enough to eat . the director of the food and agriculture organizations office of emergencies and

resilience. so it's people often face a combination of challenges, making it more difficult to recover from extreme weather events or violence. the single most significant driver of acute food insecurity is conflict environments. and this was the primary driver in 20 of the 59 countries and represented in uh, in absolute terms, the key driver for the largest number of people in acute food insecurity. phlegmatic events was the 2nd most significant driver and economic shocks was the 3rd most important driver. and again, here i think it's important not to view these 3 drivers in isolation. while we see is that often, typically these 3 have been mutually reinforcing together, accessible to the acute for the insecurity situation. the so what are the deeper implications of the reports findings?

it's a good question for our guests. in johannesburg, alex of all is the author of mass starvation, the history and future of famine. he's also the executive director of the world peace foundation at tufts university in boston in the us. in the car, mom i do going to is a member of the international panel of experts on sustainable fluid systems, a global think tank that provides policy recommendations and advocates for sustainable and equitable fluid systems worldwide. and then qual, i'm for a dr. jemila. my mode is executive director of the sun waist center for planetary health at sun way university. she's worked at the interface of public health climate change and savannah terry and isn't with the international red cross and the u. n. a warm welcome to you all. and thanks so much for joining us today on the inside story, jimmy let, let me start with you today. this global report on food chrisy says food and security around the world has worse and for the 5th consecutive year. for those attempting to end hunger around the world. how enormous has the challenge become? thank you very much. i think that, you know, the,

the figures are alarming 5 years in a row and we're talking now about 208 to 1600000 people facing very severe a high level. so for of a child food crisis is something that the anti will, should wake up to and be very, very alarm the numbers are not likely to fall drastically. and we're seeing now, you know, as a compounding the compounding may is of prices that are leading to this situation right now alex, you just heard that jamila mentioned. now one of the numbers cited in that report which is the nearly 282000000 people's lives are in danger because they don't have enough to eat. now you wrote a piece recently with this headline. it says, i said the error of famines might be in being, i was wrong. so what did you elaborate upon in that piece and why do you think you were wrong? so until about 6 or 7 years ago, there was a year on the decrease in 2 things. one is the level call chronic melanie nutrition

and hunger worldwide. so the feed prospect was real, that 0 hunger could be achieved within our lifetimes. and the other thing was that farm, instead of terrible outbreaks, all shoot to starvation in which large numbers of people parish that was said beating oh, but abolished and very tragic the we've seen those made to come by and the reason why simon. so making a come back is entirely political. it's all to do with the use of starvation as a weapon of war. mama do um, how much of a crisis our food systems around the world facing right now and how much have changes to global food systems and recent decades contributed to all of this a show. so i think the should go down. yeah, be just

a repeating again. very watering, and he said with a cold and then it will come home. but if you will be the same for a long time, that this isn't related to the brand. and uh, we quoted production that we have been rolling for a long time has not been really heard. and because if you look up for the last 15 years, food crises, see many pricing and dr. being tied into the plumbing, it plumbing discussions not to be having for a long time. so we have the foot brushes, we oldest people have questions that we have been facing. we called the, the corporate 19 crises and the war between you created and, and the russia that's, i'd be also exacerbating in what we are facing actually. so we have the, the, whoops, for the last 10 years of the decayed, awful foot is security is due to test. that's such a nominal fee to be sure that we need to address and is a political issue. i thought the said by, by previous we get seen that it's important to courtney sure. because if you look

at the trends and what was green was actually there is a room for even the granting clinician for for security. and there was jimmy lice, saw you nodding along to some of what mama do was saying there. it looked like you wanted to jump in and add to the point who was making. so please go ahead. absolutely, i think, you know, remember this point on being a political issue. we know that the current situation of a foot in security is also, you know, conflict in many cases is a really a proxy fog comment related food security challenges, especially in the saw how somalia and of course, in case of the right guys or i think that you know, the people that are displaced here and, and by the time of crisis and then compound it, as i mentioned before by a conflict, it's just going to make things much worse. and what was said by alex earlier that we're talking about from in, in a we would never imagine in this day and age we would still be talking about people

literally on the brink of starvation. and you know, without any political will to allow food to get to them. now we're not short of food globally. we have enough to feed everyone. but the barriers main. the political jimmy, let me ask you. i also ask you about the fact that within this report, obviously a conflict is cited as one of the main drivers when it comes to food and security right now. but i also want to touch more specifically upon the climate change and ask you how much climate change has been responsible for pushing level hunger to these alarming levels the permit change. uh it i, i look at the 3 sees conflict, climate and the 3rd one is cash, right? basically the cost cost of living, anything related to whether it's household debt or national debt. so these things play, you know, a major role and the interact with the shop where time of change, we know that we're not going to be living with 1.5. the target now is going to be

likely to reach $2.00. now we know with 2 degrees, the compounding impact of 2 degrees centigrade is going to be devastating on foot systems. and unfortunately, it's those countries that are facing conflicts, but also facing climate, the climate crisis. and particularly when we're talking about a sub saharan africa decide how and so forth. so i think, you know, it is just going to get worse until we actually do something about it. and as i mentioned earlier, is not a shortage of food or a shortage of money globally. how do we now, you know, compensate and help countries that are facing climate change? add serious implications for security to get caught odette shortly. these countries which are normally the ones who contribute so little to global warming and carbon emissions, they need to be compensated in some way and supports it. so alex, i saw you are reacting to what the jamaila was saying that i want to pick up on the

point that she was making when it comes to how do you ensure that these countries that need a, the most actually get it. and, and also obviously we know that the emergency is getting worse when it comes to boot and security. this is no surprise. we've known this for quite some time. but where do things stand when it comes to fundraising, to address these crises? and are these a budgets that are being given by donor countries enough? and i think we need to distinguish between 2 very important things that can to say, but are actually quite different. one is the structural crisis is all food production farming systems and the general access to food by populations in most countries. and jimmy that has, has described that predicament extremely well. i'm not the 2 moms and the numerous and financial and political pets. that's the need to provide funds but to provide for the full reform of the global economic system. the other thing which is isaac

web shaw and which is something that is, is, is the most of the sensitivity to talk about is the way we see actual time. and it's not just because things are getting worse. it's but it's because there is a decision deliberately to go with his breakfast, disregard for human life to wage war in such a way that people stop. and this is absolutely no reason why children shouldn't be starving garza, apart from the political military decision. all of his read similarly in the field . we have seen something similar on folder in the country, but it is quite capable of feeding itself on yet the, the old thirty's have decided but stopped by some will be that weapon. and again, something similar in syria, in students, and that is the most sensitive a difficult thing to address in the international political are reading out because

frankly, different class calling count lee jasmine for making simon for a man made simon, which ended in mind. you is a crime, it's alex. let me just follow up with you on one of the points you were making. i mean, one of the things that cited in this report is that 700000 people and 5 countries or territories were on the brink of famine. last year, almost all of them in gaza, you were talking about a guy that just a moment ago. the strips entire population of 2300000 is classified as food and secure, meaning they regularly don't have enough to eat. how much of a moral failure is this? well, 1st of all, i have to say those figures to copying some companies succeeded day by day. the, it's the nature of a report such as the so that it goes up and the report take some while to get be processed and published and, and the outdated in, in a couple of respects. first of all, we have never in the last 75 years seen such

a rapid increase in rates of severe acute mount constriction and people facing certainly as we have, as we are seeing today in golf at so the number is it going not every day. the numbers in the report for us to don, also to send 3 out of date. the numbers we're going to see very may just stop action unfolding and sit on and possibly possibly in pos of, of, of easy up here to even while international aid budgets being cops, the wells pre program, which may not be the kind of deals system for responding to these imagine cities, but it's becoming the one that we have has had till now in many places. so 2 percent of it stops. so just kind of to hook the time when these needs a going up, the political will to stop the stop asian seems to be to that pricing. and the money to feed to the stopping seems to be draining away as well. mama do, from your perspective, what should be most worrying to the global public right now. and also i want to ask

you, is the international community as concerned as it should be? is it is faced with this increasingly dire situation as yeah, into much notice of the many things that people i think the because in the meantime he's definitely how i'll talk to me. he said he's the is gonna, is collecting comics in the law. does the subbing measurement guys, items, so the do you have a category public? all cool and that's why he decided come to talk to the tons of these questions. a virus got a good time. maybe the additional supplies that we have going on, you know, and might not be in a web and all that. but this is what we are fishing actually. so there is a kind of, uh, just just picked up. uh, you one right. uh, we bought the initial hoping, international goals and let you to visa, we put in as a single for of, for, for a while,

for food supplies. and nobody is just, you know, trying to get other people what she's telling me. something could have been unable to show us and disrupt some that we can see actually. so if we want to talk about flu shots know we've been the 1st thing is just to look up. what international uh, the estimate. uh, i'm just trying to put it up. i have to put a light to be really restricted and then getting conditions for basically. so it's been said it's not the software. so for 1st, it's not the fact that the people who are not even, even if there is so some of the structural issues that have been that'd be much money. so there is actually $2.00 to $2.00 big gaps that exist in the end of this one. calculating as i know, so actually taking present. so when we talk about solution, i think that is in need for new the sub for a blessing hung up, we have a being said that sonya is that there is a need for newly. so it'd be sort of relying on the, on the market to feed before we need to discuss the, to produce the, to,

for the food for this or the people. this is very important. and if you look at the funding of trinity is not something that is being taught, we've also a mid mod done us and visit them for the system to benefit with. uh, we send the trucks because we just to be allowed. uh, let me see some that you up is going to be. so basically i just or destruction to some extent, by a boat. so someone will be shut up at korea to know by knew what options you know what we have. and also we need some relief for it's kind of being so busy, but they didn't know it. the visa, suggestion of funding got to be off the we didn't know from the see how to do. come on. i know i'm sorry to hear that. i'm sorry to interrupt you, but let me let me go to jamila, cuz i see her reacting to some of what you're saying. it looks like she wants to add to the point you were making. go ahead. jemila. no, mamma do points to you know, the issue around global governance and it, we know that it's the situation. if i take the situation guys,

which is acute malnutrition is simply a barbaric and you know you're talking about 1100000 people displaced with nowhere to go and have no choice. they couldn't even leave to find food. and then you know about the culture of the population of guys are now facing a contrast with me. i'm in the face 5 mount nutrition, and that's the worst phase. and yet we have instruments. we have the run scrooge accounts. so we have the geneva conventions. we have the rights in the office and the convention drug, just a protection of civilians in situations where we have, you know, article 5455, the need to protect health facilities and to provide people fluid and not allowed to, to stop in yet. yet. there is no political will to allow people who are starving to be fed when food is waiting at the doorstep. now tell me,

what are we going to do about this? this is going to create a trigger, a series of cascading events and go around the world and we're talking about human security in gaza, which is going to affect human security globally. alex, i want to pick up on what jamila was just saying. there's, we're talking about the issue of, of security and how it impacts the world when it comes to these issues. you wrote recently also when a hunger combines with war the, that, and for techs of instability spends faster, hunger on a scale that we're witnessing. i mean, this can really be a severe set threat to global security, right. or are you fine completely agree. i mean, one of the, that the written history is that true, right? of the 20th century is the degree to which from the crises and fear of food crises. well absolutely pivotal in driving the key was the time including world war 2. i mean, one of the lessons that was done by the germans off to well below one when they

felt that they had been stopped into surrender, was that they needed to secure what was necessary to sustain the population from you. and in what on the eastern front of a loan spot was called the hung up plan because it did take would stop the populations of eastern europe and the soviet union in order for them to acquire the food and the americans in the last phase of the war launched what they explicitly called operation. starvation contains the japanese main, the siege. and this seems to have been for all the way in which was an hon and hung us chain together in this terrible spiral. and i think as a time when the cries, we must have never again for genocide, we must also remember we must have never

a game for my stuff. i should call them that scale. the 2 are linked momma. do. you've spoken about how fluid systems are in need of transformation, how much would things be improved if there were enough investment in say, agriculture or local farming initiatives of the company access to the some of the structural issues that you have been talking about. share these uh uh, the issue of the investment in that you've got trusts. you go to the mike where my do the job position in the case of the cost of producing these off some of the following system. because if you look at the trends, obviously the testing would show them what, oh, so what this is the percentage over for that useful life. even in these, most of these companies are provided by some of the following system. so the investment should go in, not only access to some of the, uh, some of the fact of the production summarizing the lend issue in some cases. but also the access machines sort of the pharmacy system. a link to the perspective

that to be up actually is the solution that we often have between multiple only due to our last resources deb making, taking talk on the specifications of different countries, different johnson different, but the more also committing condition. so what's got been appealing for a long time in the just, we want to predict some of the event that's coming. a lot of what it was that's up to, to advice 1st. and secondly, that can be then, you know, as we have in west africa for us and for those to be more fully invested. just not 22 people for one day on the, on the continent, but also inclination accessing to lead in the market. that is not distorted, the international he's not providing for people and the to the drug market stores what the most demo for a long time. just to make these linkages between the protocol systems for, for construction of the system and the strong and generate some way, uh, that sort of market. so we need to change, you know,

all of these uh steps from the bottom of, uh, looking at the forces of how strongly that should be as a commodity for the community. but for the us, you want to ride the thing document or something because you there you need to return on way in terms of diversity, but those in terms of the company month between different things. so he's jamila mama was just talking about food as a human right. i want to talk about another aspect to all this and ask you from your perspective, how big of a problem right now is food waste in the world. and how can that be address properly? i'm really glad you asked me this because that here she is the paradox. on one hand, you have people starving and people not to have access to food. on the other hand, we have a serious food waste problem. we're talking about 3840 percent of food in developed countries actually being wasted in the us and on this estimate that it can feed 10480000000000 meals and the yeah, this is how much and it's not just about food that's wasted. it's also about it's

sitting and then feels and producing greenhouse gases. so again, you know, you have the situation of waste, which is also going to impact time of change in global warming. so, you know, how do we reconcile? that is, how do we make sure that we look at consumption in a way that is equitable as well? so it boils down again to looking at equity and friend this and, and how do we support those countries which are the lowest inventors facing the greatest challenges? most of those who have so much and, and hold the wealth of the world. how do you find the balance now, how do we find that compensate tree mechanism? which is all about, you know, equity in social justice. the other point that perhaps is sometimes not talked about enough is not just about the equity in terms of access to fluid, but also nutrition in those countries that have chronic intermedia on your uh,

problems with, um, uh, you know, food, food crises, you're also talking about nutritional crises, so in the end that has a long term impact, particularly, and those are most vulnerable young people and in children's it because they'll be a cognitive impact and so on and so forth. the ultimate and the, as these are above people and they are usually the ones who are women who are children, who are probably disabled. i have no access to food markets and i think you know, age we just create this serious conditions for people who should have every right to food me. alex here jamila, they're talking about the fact that, you know, people need to have the right to access food, said the equity is needed. social justice is needed, you know, in order to find that balance so that the countries and the most get the kinds of help that, that they need so that their populations can be fed. i mean, what do you think, how, how does the world started going about this in a more equitable way in a way that solutions can actually be found?

i think give me the salute to some of the top. perfect. and if i'm a parent, there's one additional element tibbs, which is the, the, the way in which agriculture and the food system has become industrial boxed and is being run by john and greg corporations to squeeze. every possible piece of profit is not having the environment until the disastrous cutting down right in forest, destroying the environment and creating generating greenhouse gases. but he's also producing food that is not the tricia and is causing an epidemic of obesity, which is another nutritional crisis. and it's on right on of these people, a little bit not reached on thunder. nourished at the same time. and that is not just in developed countries, there in south africa where i am at the moment. it's a country that moved from a crisis. so under nutrition to

a crisis of obesity without going through this. so the $11.00 would hope would be the healthy stage in between. and i think this points to the way in which the entire global food system is so dysfunctional, it's producing too much and it's not producing what we need. it means desperate for the result. mama, we only have a couple of minutes left. um, i can see you reacting to what alex was saying there, so i'll give you a chance to jump in, but i also just want to ask you simply, do you believe from your perspective, does the political will power exist right now to try and actually put an end dog i think we don't have any choice again because if you look up, change the strategy. there is a lot of things being done in uh some of the world actually just to try to change the, the shoes of movement up pushing or so government to change their policies. we look at west africa, the blinking vehicle was for those things to just to push the motor company into

one in terms of, you know, the curriculum at the transition shot to g or even policies in these countries is something about to do a good progress. i see i'm saying that we need to do secure conditions and then using the source on a scale, a desktop import. and also i've been giving these a visa using the mission for organizing the mileage system with all the important things. uh uh, more about what that being said is really, really important to me just the conditions for these uh uh, movement that the created law. but i'm seasonal. visual damage is really important . look us up soon and downstream. and then just to say about to say a whole, if that is the destruction of the products on the side of the talk to be said, because with the eating is all about the quantity you can find in the it's nothing

else a cup of sweat. what is producing now, but what people are eating is completely disturbing or not they, they haven't issues in the, in the, in the wall. so there is a need to do with the, i'm sorry for the enter, the need to be to link them down. i'm sorry to interrupt you, but we are out of time. we're gonna have to leave the conversation there. thanks so much to all of our guests. alex, dival, mama do go to and jimmy, let my mood the and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website up 0 dot com. and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash a inside story. you can also do one of the conversation on x. r handle is add a j inside story for me, how much improvement holding here, bye for now, the examining the impact of today's headlines. setting the agenda for tomorrow's

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